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"content": "\u003cp>During his State of the Union address, President Joe Biden reached for one of his top recent peeves: shrinkflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Too many corporations raise prices to pad the profits, charging more and more for less and less,” Biden said. He complained about skimpier Snickers bars and added: “The snack companies think you won’t notice if they change the size of the bag and put a hell of a lot fewer — same size bag — put fewer chips in it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less coffee in a can, more air in a bag of cereal, fewer sheets in a toilet paper roll — shrinkflation lets higher prices hide in plain sight without instantly shocking shoppers. NPR’s Planet Money dubbed it “\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/money/2021/07/06/1012409112/beware-of-shrinkflation-inflations-devious-cousin\">inflation’s devious cousin\u003c/a>.”[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"President Joe Biden\"]‘The snack companies think you won’t notice if they change the size of the bag and put a hell of a lot fewer — same size bag — put fewer chips in it.’[/pullquote]Last year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/01/26/1147894382/walmart-price-inflation-supply-chain-economy\">NPR’s research found\u003c/a>, for instance, Dove shrunk its soap and Tide shrunk its laundry detergent jugs, while both also slightly raised prices. For shoppers, financial experts recommended considering the price per unit (per ounce or per item in a pack) to assess price changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, even a beloved blue-haired Sesame Street resident got roped into the growing political debate about the government’s role in battling shrinkflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Me hate shrinkflation!” Cookie Monster \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MeCookieMonster/status/1764692032914690276\">wrote in on X (formerly Twitter)\u003c/a>. “Me cookies are getting smaller.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House instantly \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/WhiteHouse/status/1764765909485298066\">posted in response\u003c/a>: “C is for consumers getting ripped off.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why shrinkflation sticks around\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>These days, household paper products and snacks get downsized the most, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-12/measuring-shrinkflation-and-its-impact-on-inflation.htm\">2023 report\u003c/a> by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The agency tracks shrinkflation as part of its research on consumer prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, shrinkflation affects a small portion of products, government experts found, and manufacturers are downsizing less frequently than they did a decade ago, although the changes can be dramatic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To explain themselves, companies tend to cite higher costs of making stuff. This could be \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/27/1184027892/china-tariffs-biden-trump\">tariffs on Chinese imports\u003c/a> put by the Trump administration, the soaring price of shipping during the pandemic \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/1054134188/stuck-in-transit-the-supply-chain-in-disarray\">supply-chain crisis\u003c/a>, higher wages to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/1017985033/help-wanted-where-are-the-workers\">attract workers\u003c/a> or bad harvests of specific ingredients \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/12/1230120289/valentines-day-chocolate-cocoa-prices\">like cocoa\u003c/a>.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Cookie Monster, Sesame Street\"]‘Me hate shrinkflation! Me cookies are getting smaller.’[/pullquote]Shrinkflation feels particularly painful at a time of high food prices overall. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/16/1219574403/economy-inflation-prices-wages-disinflation-deflation-interest-rates\">Inflation has cooled significantly\u003c/a>, and wages have been climbing faster than prices. But prices are still inching up after inflation hit a four-decade high in 2022. Workers’ buying power has yet to fully recover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And prices get sticky. Historically, it takes longer for companies to lower price tags after hiking them. For months, consumer goods companies found shoppers grumbling about higher prices, sure, but still buying stuff nonetheless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/24/1233702523/checking-in-on-the-economy-ahead-of-election-season\">some are starting to lose business\u003c/a> as more people have begun to walk away from pricier goods. More retailers are talking about “deflation” — reducing prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Democrats blame ‘greedflation’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The White House this week launched a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2024/03/07/fact-sheet-president-biden-is-taking-action-to-lower-costs-for-families-and-fight-corporate-rip-offs/\">strike force\u003c/a>” on pricing, which aimed at \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/06/1235955054/biden-junk-fees-state-of-the-union\">junk fees\u003c/a>, credit card \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/05/1235973211/credit-card-late-fees-cap-junk-fees-cfpb\">late fees\u003c/a> and many \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2024/03/07/fact-sheet-president-biden-announces-plan-to-lower-housing-costs-for-working-families/#:~:text=As%20part%20of%20the%20Strike,deceptive%2C%20or%20fraudulent%20business%20practices.\">other costs\u003c/a>. Biden is attempting to sway voters, who keep telling pollsters they disapprove of his handling of the economy despite \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/02/1228587247/jobs-labor-employers-economy-inflation-interest-rates\">strong job gains\u003c/a>, low unemployment and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/02/1228587247/jobs-labor-employers-economy-inflation-interest-rates\">faster GDP growth\u003c/a> than many forecasters had expected. [aside label='More on Politics' tag='politics']Bringing up shrinkflation in the State of the Union, the president once again backed \u003ca href=\"https://www.casey.senate.gov/news/releases/stop-shrinkflation-casey-introduces-legislation-to-crack-down-on-big-corporations-shrinking-products-without-reducing-prices\">a bill by Sen. Bob Casey\u003c/a> (D-Penn.), that would give more policing power to the Federal Trade Commission and state attorneys general.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.casey.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/shrinkflation_report.pdf\">A recent report by Casey’s office (PDF)\u003c/a> said corporate profits grew more than five times faster than inflation between mid-2020 and mid-2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics of Biden’s war on shrinkflation present it as a new attempt at federal price controls, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.stlouisfed.org/publications/regional-economist/2022/mar/why-price-controls-should-stay-history-books\">historically has often been\u003c/a> an ill-fated policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This effort by the Biden Administration to use regulatory agencies to micromanage how private businesses set prices will have the same result: shortages, fewer choices for consumers, a weaker economy, and less jobs,” the U.S. Chamber of Commerce’s Neil Bradley \u003ca href=\"https://www.uschamber.com/finance/antitrust/u-s-chamber-white-house-strike-force-an-attempt-to-return-to-government-price-controls\">said about Biden’s strike force\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What about potato chips?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Now, on the matter of shrinkflation in potato chips specifically?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One company, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fritolay.com/brands\">Frito-Lay\u003c/a>, makes many of the most popular chips: Lay’s, Doritos, Cheetos, Fritos, Ruffles, Tostitos, SunChips, Stacey’s chips and chip-adjacent Funyuns. The firm is owned by Pepsi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frito-Lay’s representatives did not respond to NPR’s question about whether — or when — the company planned to add more chips to each bag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why shrinkflation sticks around\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>These days, household paper products and snacks get downsized the most, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-12/measuring-shrinkflation-and-its-impact-on-inflation.htm\">2023 report\u003c/a> by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The agency tracks shrinkflation as part of its research on consumer prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, shrinkflation affects a small portion of products, government experts found, and manufacturers are downsizing less frequently than they did a decade ago, although the changes can be dramatic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To explain themselves, companies tend to cite higher costs of making stuff. This could be \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/27/1184027892/china-tariffs-biden-trump\">tariffs on Chinese imports\u003c/a> put by the Trump administration, the soaring price of shipping during the pandemic \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/1054134188/stuck-in-transit-the-supply-chain-in-disarray\">supply-chain crisis\u003c/a>, higher wages to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/1017985033/help-wanted-where-are-the-workers\">attract workers\u003c/a> or bad harvests of specific ingredients \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/12/1230120289/valentines-day-chocolate-cocoa-prices\">like cocoa\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Shrinkflation feels particularly painful at a time of high food prices overall. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/16/1219574403/economy-inflation-prices-wages-disinflation-deflation-interest-rates\">Inflation has cooled significantly\u003c/a>, and wages have been climbing faster than prices. But prices are still inching up after inflation hit a four-decade high in 2022. Workers’ buying power has yet to fully recover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And prices get sticky. Historically, it takes longer for companies to lower price tags after hiking them. For months, consumer goods companies found shoppers grumbling about higher prices, sure, but still buying stuff nonetheless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/24/1233702523/checking-in-on-the-economy-ahead-of-election-season\">some are starting to lose business\u003c/a> as more people have begun to walk away from pricier goods. More retailers are talking about “deflation” — reducing prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Democrats blame ‘greedflation’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The White House this week launched a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2024/03/07/fact-sheet-president-biden-is-taking-action-to-lower-costs-for-families-and-fight-corporate-rip-offs/\">strike force\u003c/a>” on pricing, which aimed at \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/06/1235955054/biden-junk-fees-state-of-the-union\">junk fees\u003c/a>, credit card \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/05/1235973211/credit-card-late-fees-cap-junk-fees-cfpb\">late fees\u003c/a> and many \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2024/03/07/fact-sheet-president-biden-announces-plan-to-lower-housing-costs-for-working-families/#:~:text=As%20part%20of%20the%20Strike,deceptive%2C%20or%20fraudulent%20business%20practices.\">other costs\u003c/a>. Biden is attempting to sway voters, who keep telling pollsters they disapprove of his handling of the economy despite \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/02/1228587247/jobs-labor-employers-economy-inflation-interest-rates\">strong job gains\u003c/a>, low unemployment and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/02/1228587247/jobs-labor-employers-economy-inflation-interest-rates\">faster GDP growth\u003c/a> than many forecasters had expected. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Bringing up shrinkflation in the State of the Union, the president once again backed \u003ca href=\"https://www.casey.senate.gov/news/releases/stop-shrinkflation-casey-introduces-legislation-to-crack-down-on-big-corporations-shrinking-products-without-reducing-prices\">a bill by Sen. Bob Casey\u003c/a> (D-Penn.), that would give more policing power to the Federal Trade Commission and state attorneys general.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.casey.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/shrinkflation_report.pdf\">A recent report by Casey’s office (PDF)\u003c/a> said corporate profits grew more than five times faster than inflation between mid-2020 and mid-2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics of Biden’s war on shrinkflation present it as a new attempt at federal price controls, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.stlouisfed.org/publications/regional-economist/2022/mar/why-price-controls-should-stay-history-books\">historically has often been\u003c/a> an ill-fated policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This effort by the Biden Administration to use regulatory agencies to micromanage how private businesses set prices will have the same result: shortages, fewer choices for consumers, a weaker economy, and less jobs,” the U.S. Chamber of Commerce’s Neil Bradley \u003ca href=\"https://www.uschamber.com/finance/antitrust/u-s-chamber-white-house-strike-force-an-attempt-to-return-to-government-price-controls\">said about Biden’s strike force\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What about potato chips?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Now, on the matter of shrinkflation in potato chips specifically?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One company, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fritolay.com/brands\">Frito-Lay\u003c/a>, makes many of the most popular chips: Lay’s, Doritos, Cheetos, Fritos, Ruffles, Tostitos, SunChips, Stacey’s chips and chip-adjacent Funyuns. The firm is owned by Pepsi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frito-Lay’s representatives did not respond to NPR’s question about whether — or when — the company planned to add more chips to each bag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Joe Biden’s pitch to 2024 voters will get an even bigger spotlight on Thursday night when he delivers his State of the Union address before a joint session of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The address comes right on the heels of Super Tuesday, the results of which \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/06/1236192892/super-tuesday-results-analysis-trump-biden-haley\">all but guarantee a rematch\u003c/a> between Biden and former president Donald Trump in November. And it’s an opportunity for Biden to highlight his administration’s accomplishments so far, building on \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/02/07/1155250237/biden-makes-a-pitch-to-finish-the-job-in-his-state-of-the-union-address#:~:text=President%20Biden%20delivers%20the%202023%20State%20of%20the%20Union%20address.,-Andrew%20Caballero%2DReynolds&text=In%20his%20State%20of%20the%20Union%20address%20on%20Tuesday%2C%20President,his%20unofficial%20pitch%20for%20reelection.\">last year’s refrain\u003c/a>: “Let’s finish the job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White House Chief of Staff Jeff Zients told Morning Edition’s Steve Inskeep on Wednesday that Biden’s speech will also highlight his agenda for a potential second term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Jeff Zients, White House chief of staff\"]‘I think importantly, the president is also going to call for restoring Roe v. Wade and giving women freedom over their health care. And he’ll talk about protecting, not taking away, freedoms in other areas, as well as voting rights.’[/pullquote]“Lowering costs, continuing to make people’s lives better by investing in childcare, eldercare, paid family and medical leave, continued progress on student debt,” Zients said, listing a few. “But I think importantly, the president is also going to call for restoring Roe v. Wade and giving women freedom over their health care. And he’ll talk about protecting, not taking away, freedoms in other areas, as well as voting rights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Zients also acknowledged that restoring Roe is one of many objectives the president can’t accomplish without Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a period marked by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/06/1229490663/congress-devolves-into-chaos-over-border-and-national-security-funding\">congressional instability, infighting and partisanship\u003c/a>, Republican lawmakers have blocked foreign aid for Ukraine and Israel as well as a would-be \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/07/1229785349/border-deal-ukraine-aid-senate\">landmark border security bill\u003c/a> — in part because of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/06/1229405624/senate-bill-border-security-foreign-aid-republican-opposition\">Trump’s vocal opposition\u003c/a> (which Biden has suggested is an effort to boost his reelection odds).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients acknowledged that “it’s going to be difficult” for Congress to move forward on major issues and said Biden would use his address to urge lawmakers to act urgently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>National polls underscore Americans’ widespread \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/07/1229500337/poll-2024-election-biden-trump-immigration-democracy\">lack of enthusiasm\u003c/a> for either candidate but also show Trump with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/super-tuesday-primary-election-2024/card/what-do-polls-say-about-a-biden-vs-trump-matchup--Nb5fCwD29I0U6J7bt9bQ\">narrow lead over Biden\u003c/a> in their anticipated 2024 matchup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s against this backdrop that Biden will assume the podium at the U.S. Capitol to make his case — both to voters at home and lawmakers in the room.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Support for Ukraine is a ‘no-brainer’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Zients said Congress must act urgently on several major issues, including passing the $118 billion national security supplemental agreement — which includes funding for Israel and Ukraine — and approving resources and policies to manage the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The supplemental passed in the Senate on a bipartisan basis with 70 votes and is awaiting further action by House Speaker Mike Johnson, \u003ca href=\"https://mikejohnson.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=1363\">who said last month\u003c/a> that “the House will have to continue to work on its own will on these important matters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients stressed the urgency behind the bill, arguing that Russia’s invasion has put Ukraine as well as Europe at large “at risk” and that U.S. support is critical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11978535 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/GettyImages-1464158352-1020x680.jpg']“I’ll let the speaker speak for himself, but what I do know is the need is urgent and there’s bipartisan support in the House, and if it’s brought to the floor, it’ll be passed into law,” Zients said. “And I believe that’s what needs to happen. And you’re going to hear the president push Congress to do just that in the State of the Union.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than two years into Russia’s war in Ukraine, U.S. support for additional military aid has dwindled — especially \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/09/19/1199503861/zelenskyy-ukraine-aid-republican-congress-shutdown-spending\">among Republican voters and lawmakers\u003c/a> — but remains a key priority for Biden and the Democratic Party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients said Biden, his team and many members of the House and Senate are “working every angle” to get Ukraine the resources it needs. He said help from other allies is no substitute for the military resources the U.S. is “uniquely positioned” to provide to its own economic benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Look, this is a no-brainer,” Zients added. “We need to defend democracy here at home and we need to create jobs here at home. And we need to lead the world as we always have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Biden can’t act alone at the border\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Immigration has become a top issue in the 2024 race, with both Biden and Trump making \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/29/1234518923/biden-and-trump-are-both-at-the-border-today-staking-out-ground-on-a-key-2024-is\">dueling visits to Texas border communities\u003c/a> last week to outline their competing visions for how to manage the influx of migrants seeking asylum in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients accused some Republicans of prioritizing chaos over order at the border and said the Biden administration can’t “manage the border in an orderly way” without help from Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That, he said, would take the form of policy changes and more resources, such as Border Patrol agents and asylum officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The president has done many executive actions at the border,” Zients added — \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/news/biden-executive-actions-immigration-first-year\">nearly 300 in Biden’s first year\u003c/a> alone. “There’s no executive action that replaces the need for the resources, and also the changes in law to asylum and an emergency order to close down the border, that needs legislation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The administration defends its approach to the Israel-Hamas war\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Biden is also expected to discuss the ongoing conflict in Gaza, where Israel’s military response to the Oct. 7 Hamas attack has killed more than 30,700 Palestinians and displaced more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2024/03/gaza-israels-dehumanisation-displaced-persons-must-end-says-un-expert#:~:text=Since%20Israel%20began%20its%20military,lives%20are%20not%20mere%20statistics.\">75% of the population\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His administration’s response has angered many within the president’s party, from the thousands of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/29/1234602096/joe-biden-uncommitted-age-donald-trump-michigan-gaza-israel\">voters checking “uncommitted”\u003c/a> in protest over his handling of the Israel-Hamas war to other discouraged Democrats \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/28/1234145544/2024-election-michigan-voters-disillusioned-biden-trump\">who may not vote at all\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Jeff Zients, White House chief of staff\"]‘He will talk about his work day and night, and his team’s work, to negotiate an immediate cease-fire for at least six weeks, secure the release of the hostages, get more humanitarian aid in and hopefully be on a path to a possible end to fighting.’[/pullquote]Critics of Biden’s response to the conflict want a permanent cease-fire in Gaza, an end to unconditional U.S. military aid to Israel and a clear path to Palestinian statehood. After more than 13% of Michigan voters voted “uncommitted” in the primary, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/29/1234602096/joe-biden-uncommitted-age-donald-trump-michigan-gaza-israel\">the Biden campaign told NPR\u003c/a> that the president had “received that message many, many times.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients said Biden would make clear that Israel has the right to protect its people and “degrade Hamas” while also addressing the toll on innocent civilians in Gaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He will talk about his work day and night, and his team’s work, to negotiate an immediate cease-fire for at least six weeks, secure the release of the hostages, get more humanitarian aid in, and hopefully be on a path to a possible end to fighting,” Zients said. “And he’ll talk about, as he has the last several months, in the last many years, about enduring peace in the region and the need for a two-state solution, peace between Israel and its Arab neighbors, including Saudi Arabia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/03/05/biden-netanyahu-gantz/\">Inskeep asked if such a settlement would be possible under Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s right-wing government, with whom Biden’s rift appears to be growing\u003c/a> publicly. Zients replied that Biden would continue to work with Israel and Arab nations to accomplish those goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The broadcast interview was produced by Lilly Quiroz and Milton Guevara and edited by Mohamad ElBardicy. The digital version was edited by Olivia Hampton.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Joe Biden’s pitch to 2024 voters will get an even bigger spotlight on Thursday night when he delivers his State of the Union address before a joint session of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The address comes right on the heels of Super Tuesday, the results of which \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/06/1236192892/super-tuesday-results-analysis-trump-biden-haley\">all but guarantee a rematch\u003c/a> between Biden and former president Donald Trump in November. And it’s an opportunity for Biden to highlight his administration’s accomplishments so far, building on \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/02/07/1155250237/biden-makes-a-pitch-to-finish-the-job-in-his-state-of-the-union-address#:~:text=President%20Biden%20delivers%20the%202023%20State%20of%20the%20Union%20address.,-Andrew%20Caballero%2DReynolds&text=In%20his%20State%20of%20the%20Union%20address%20on%20Tuesday%2C%20President,his%20unofficial%20pitch%20for%20reelection.\">last year’s refrain\u003c/a>: “Let’s finish the job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White House Chief of Staff Jeff Zients told Morning Edition’s Steve Inskeep on Wednesday that Biden’s speech will also highlight his agenda for a potential second term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Lowering costs, continuing to make people’s lives better by investing in childcare, eldercare, paid family and medical leave, continued progress on student debt,” Zients said, listing a few. “But I think importantly, the president is also going to call for restoring Roe v. Wade and giving women freedom over their health care. And he’ll talk about protecting, not taking away, freedoms in other areas, as well as voting rights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Zients also acknowledged that restoring Roe is one of many objectives the president can’t accomplish without Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a period marked by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/06/1229490663/congress-devolves-into-chaos-over-border-and-national-security-funding\">congressional instability, infighting and partisanship\u003c/a>, Republican lawmakers have blocked foreign aid for Ukraine and Israel as well as a would-be \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/07/1229785349/border-deal-ukraine-aid-senate\">landmark border security bill\u003c/a> — in part because of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/06/1229405624/senate-bill-border-security-foreign-aid-republican-opposition\">Trump’s vocal opposition\u003c/a> (which Biden has suggested is an effort to boost his reelection odds).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients acknowledged that “it’s going to be difficult” for Congress to move forward on major issues and said Biden would use his address to urge lawmakers to act urgently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>National polls underscore Americans’ widespread \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/07/1229500337/poll-2024-election-biden-trump-immigration-democracy\">lack of enthusiasm\u003c/a> for either candidate but also show Trump with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/super-tuesday-primary-election-2024/card/what-do-polls-say-about-a-biden-vs-trump-matchup--Nb5fCwD29I0U6J7bt9bQ\">narrow lead over Biden\u003c/a> in their anticipated 2024 matchup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s against this backdrop that Biden will assume the podium at the U.S. Capitol to make his case — both to voters at home and lawmakers in the room.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Support for Ukraine is a ‘no-brainer’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Zients said Congress must act urgently on several major issues, including passing the $118 billion national security supplemental agreement — which includes funding for Israel and Ukraine — and approving resources and policies to manage the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The supplemental passed in the Senate on a bipartisan basis with 70 votes and is awaiting further action by House Speaker Mike Johnson, \u003ca href=\"https://mikejohnson.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=1363\">who said last month\u003c/a> that “the House will have to continue to work on its own will on these important matters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients stressed the urgency behind the bill, arguing that Russia’s invasion has put Ukraine as well as Europe at large “at risk” and that U.S. support is critical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“I’ll let the speaker speak for himself, but what I do know is the need is urgent and there’s bipartisan support in the House, and if it’s brought to the floor, it’ll be passed into law,” Zients said. “And I believe that’s what needs to happen. And you’re going to hear the president push Congress to do just that in the State of the Union.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than two years into Russia’s war in Ukraine, U.S. support for additional military aid has dwindled — especially \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/09/19/1199503861/zelenskyy-ukraine-aid-republican-congress-shutdown-spending\">among Republican voters and lawmakers\u003c/a> — but remains a key priority for Biden and the Democratic Party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients said Biden, his team and many members of the House and Senate are “working every angle” to get Ukraine the resources it needs. He said help from other allies is no substitute for the military resources the U.S. is “uniquely positioned” to provide to its own economic benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Look, this is a no-brainer,” Zients added. “We need to defend democracy here at home and we need to create jobs here at home. And we need to lead the world as we always have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Biden can’t act alone at the border\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Immigration has become a top issue in the 2024 race, with both Biden and Trump making \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/29/1234518923/biden-and-trump-are-both-at-the-border-today-staking-out-ground-on-a-key-2024-is\">dueling visits to Texas border communities\u003c/a> last week to outline their competing visions for how to manage the influx of migrants seeking asylum in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients accused some Republicans of prioritizing chaos over order at the border and said the Biden administration can’t “manage the border in an orderly way” without help from Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That, he said, would take the form of policy changes and more resources, such as Border Patrol agents and asylum officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The president has done many executive actions at the border,” Zients added — \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/news/biden-executive-actions-immigration-first-year\">nearly 300 in Biden’s first year\u003c/a> alone. “There’s no executive action that replaces the need for the resources, and also the changes in law to asylum and an emergency order to close down the border, that needs legislation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The administration defends its approach to the Israel-Hamas war\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Biden is also expected to discuss the ongoing conflict in Gaza, where Israel’s military response to the Oct. 7 Hamas attack has killed more than 30,700 Palestinians and displaced more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2024/03/gaza-israels-dehumanisation-displaced-persons-must-end-says-un-expert#:~:text=Since%20Israel%20began%20its%20military,lives%20are%20not%20mere%20statistics.\">75% of the population\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His administration’s response has angered many within the president’s party, from the thousands of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/29/1234602096/joe-biden-uncommitted-age-donald-trump-michigan-gaza-israel\">voters checking “uncommitted”\u003c/a> in protest over his handling of the Israel-Hamas war to other discouraged Democrats \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/28/1234145544/2024-election-michigan-voters-disillusioned-biden-trump\">who may not vote at all\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Critics of Biden’s response to the conflict want a permanent cease-fire in Gaza, an end to unconditional U.S. military aid to Israel and a clear path to Palestinian statehood. After more than 13% of Michigan voters voted “uncommitted” in the primary, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/29/1234602096/joe-biden-uncommitted-age-donald-trump-michigan-gaza-israel\">the Biden campaign told NPR\u003c/a> that the president had “received that message many, many times.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients said Biden would make clear that Israel has the right to protect its people and “degrade Hamas” while also addressing the toll on innocent civilians in Gaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He will talk about his work day and night, and his team’s work, to negotiate an immediate cease-fire for at least six weeks, secure the release of the hostages, get more humanitarian aid in, and hopefully be on a path to a possible end to fighting,” Zients said. “And he’ll talk about, as he has the last several months, in the last many years, about enduring peace in the region and the need for a two-state solution, peace between Israel and its Arab neighbors, including Saudi Arabia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/03/05/biden-netanyahu-gantz/\">Inskeep asked if such a settlement would be possible under Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s right-wing government, with whom Biden’s rift appears to be growing\u003c/a> publicly. Zients replied that Biden would continue to work with Israel and Arab nations to accomplish those goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The broadcast interview was produced by Lilly Quiroz and Milton Guevara and edited by Mohamad ElBardicy. The digital version was edited by Olivia Hampton.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Not far from the Pacific Ocean, where just to the south, \u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.com/2022/01/19/so-long-offshore-platforms/\">oil platforms\u003c/a> dot the horizon, a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket blasted into space Monday with dozens of satellites on board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four miles away from the launch site, a crowd including scientists, engineers and their families erupted into celebration. They were applauding largely for one satellite on board: \u003ca href=\"https://www.methanesat.org/\">MethaneSAT\u003c/a>, which is built to detect methane. That’s a gas that, in the short term, packs an even bigger planet-warming punch than carbon dioxide.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Steven Hamburg, chief scientist, Environmental Defense Fund\"]‘For the first time [we’ll] have high-quality empirical data for an entire sector across the globe.’[/pullquote]MethaneSAT — led by the Environmental Defense Fund — will focus on spotting methane from the oil and gas industry, which leaks at various parts of the fossil fuel production process. Sometimes, oil companies deliberately burn methane gas if they can’t pipe it somewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reducing methane pollution can help the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/11/20/1213207121/this-is-how-far-behind-the-world-is-on-controlling-planet-warming-pollution#:~:text=Under%20the%20Paris%20Agreement%2C%20nations,re%20currently%20on%20track%20to.\">world meet its climate targets,\u003c/a> but for years, researchers had little understanding of where exactly methane leaks were coming from. \u003ca href=\"https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasa-mission-excels-at-spotting-greenhouse-gas-emission-sources\">Recent projects have helped\u003c/a> give a clearer picture. Still, the data hasn’t always been public or precise — especially from oil fields, says \u003ca href=\"https://www.edf.org/people/steven-hamburg\">Steven Hamburg\u003c/a>, chief scientist for the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) who led the MethaneSAT project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal of MethaneSAT is to have a granular picture of where exactly methane comes from in oil and gas operations around the globe, in places like Texas, Russia and Nigeria. “For the first time [we’ll] have high-quality empirical data for an entire sector across the globe,” Hamburg says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil and gas industry has historically had a culture of confidentiality, says \u003ca href=\"https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/antoine-halff/\">Antoine Halff\u003c/a>, chief analyst at Kayrros, a climate analytics firm. “They like to keep their data private,” he says. “There’s, I think, a cultural discomfort with the transparency provided by independent monitoring.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When this satellite is fully operational in the coming months, it will provide data that will be free to the public. That will allow governments, researchers and others to have an unbiased view from space of most oil and gas operations, says \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.stanford.edu/adam-brandt\">Adam Brandt\u003c/a>, a professor in the Department of Energy Science and Engineering at Stanford University who was not involved with the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The beauty of having MethaneSAT,” Brandt says, is “we don’t have to ask [oil companies] permission nicely to go on site and make measurements, right?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The decision to look at oil and gas pollution\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/44216/eye_on_methane_summary.pdf?sequence=3\">About 30% of global warming\u003c/a> comes from human-caused methane pollution. \u003ca href=\"https://www.edf.org/people/mark-brownstein\">Mark Brownstein\u003c/a>, a senior vice president at EDF, says the question for a long time was how much methane comes from the oil and gas sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other sectors also create methane pollution. Agriculture — specifically gas-belching cows and gas-emitting manure — \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/overview-greenhouse-gases#methane\">is the single biggest source of methane in the U.S\u003c/a>., according to data from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).[aside label='More on Climate Change' tag='climate-change']But focusing on the oil and gas sector was strategic, Hamburg says. Oil and gas have a concentrated number of players with bigger budgets to clean up their operations. “The ability to remediate is much greater, and it’s cost-effective,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past six years, EDF put together a team — including scientists from Harvard University and other groups — to build a satellite to get a better picture of the oil industry. The satellite has sensors specifically designed to pick up the fingerprint of the methane molecule. The sensors now orbiting in space will then send data back to Earth in the coming months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hope is that regulators will use this data, Hamburg says. “There’s interest. There’s conversations, not just with the U.S. EPA, but in other governments and other regulators,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late last year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/02/1216401828/epa-aims-to-slash-the-oil-industrys-climate-warming-methane-pollution\">the EPA made a new rule that, for the first time,\u003c/a> requires oil and gas operators to \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/controlling-air-pollution-oil-and-natural-gas-operations/epas-final-rule-oil-and-natural-gas\">monitor, detect and fix methane leaks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for the EPA says in an emailed statement that the EPA’s new rule “has a mechanism for third-party notifiers using approved remote sensing technologies to be certified — enabling them to notify EPA of methane super-emitter events.” Super-emitter events happen when large amounts of methane are released. “EDF, along with other owners of remote sensing technologies, may apply to be certified,” the EPA says.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Aaron Padilla, vice president of corporate policy, American Petroleum Institute\"]‘Our industry’s experience shows that one really needs to use a range of technologies working together across their strengths and weaknesses in order to get a truly accurate picture of where you have methane emissions.’[/pullquote]\u003ca href=\"https://www.api.org/about/aaron-padilla\">Aaron Padilla\u003c/a>, vice president of corporate policy at the American Petroleum Institute, the country’s largest oil and gas lobby, says his industry has many years of experience using its own satellites and technologies to identify and then reduce methane emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our industry’s experience shows that one really needs to use a range of technologies working together across their strengths and weaknesses in order to get a truly accurate picture of where you have methane emissions,” Padilla says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, Hamburg says he hopes that data from the MethaneSAT will move more oil and gas companies to clean up methane pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is an industry that recognizes that their reputation, their markets are under threat,” Hamburg says. “So, if you’re going to compete in a world in which the demand is going down, you want to prove that you’re a better actor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Not far from the Pacific Ocean, where just to the south, \u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.com/2022/01/19/so-long-offshore-platforms/\">oil platforms\u003c/a> dot the horizon, a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket blasted into space Monday with dozens of satellites on board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four miles away from the launch site, a crowd including scientists, engineers and their families erupted into celebration. They were applauding largely for one satellite on board: \u003ca href=\"https://www.methanesat.org/\">MethaneSAT\u003c/a>, which is built to detect methane. That’s a gas that, in the short term, packs an even bigger planet-warming punch than carbon dioxide.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>MethaneSAT — led by the Environmental Defense Fund — will focus on spotting methane from the oil and gas industry, which leaks at various parts of the fossil fuel production process. Sometimes, oil companies deliberately burn methane gas if they can’t pipe it somewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reducing methane pollution can help the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/11/20/1213207121/this-is-how-far-behind-the-world-is-on-controlling-planet-warming-pollution#:~:text=Under%20the%20Paris%20Agreement%2C%20nations,re%20currently%20on%20track%20to.\">world meet its climate targets,\u003c/a> but for years, researchers had little understanding of where exactly methane leaks were coming from. \u003ca href=\"https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasa-mission-excels-at-spotting-greenhouse-gas-emission-sources\">Recent projects have helped\u003c/a> give a clearer picture. Still, the data hasn’t always been public or precise — especially from oil fields, says \u003ca href=\"https://www.edf.org/people/steven-hamburg\">Steven Hamburg\u003c/a>, chief scientist for the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) who led the MethaneSAT project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal of MethaneSAT is to have a granular picture of where exactly methane comes from in oil and gas operations around the globe, in places like Texas, Russia and Nigeria. “For the first time [we’ll] have high-quality empirical data for an entire sector across the globe,” Hamburg says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But focusing on the oil and gas sector was strategic, Hamburg says. Oil and gas have a concentrated number of players with bigger budgets to clean up their operations. “The ability to remediate is much greater, and it’s cost-effective,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past six years, EDF put together a team — including scientists from Harvard University and other groups — to build a satellite to get a better picture of the oil industry. The satellite has sensors specifically designed to pick up the fingerprint of the methane molecule. The sensors now orbiting in space will then send data back to Earth in the coming months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hope is that regulators will use this data, Hamburg says. “There’s interest. There’s conversations, not just with the U.S. EPA, but in other governments and other regulators,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late last year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/02/1216401828/epa-aims-to-slash-the-oil-industrys-climate-warming-methane-pollution\">the EPA made a new rule that, for the first time,\u003c/a> requires oil and gas operators to \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/controlling-air-pollution-oil-and-natural-gas-operations/epas-final-rule-oil-and-natural-gas\">monitor, detect and fix methane leaks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for the EPA says in an emailed statement that the EPA’s new rule “has a mechanism for third-party notifiers using approved remote sensing technologies to be certified — enabling them to notify EPA of methane super-emitter events.” Super-emitter events happen when large amounts of methane are released. “EDF, along with other owners of remote sensing technologies, may apply to be certified,” the EPA says.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "For the First Time, the SAT Goes Paperless for Over a Million Students",
"headTitle": "For the First Time, the SAT Goes Paperless for Over a Million Students | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>The SAT, a college admissions exam that for nearly a century was completed using paper and pencil, is now officially all-digital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, students in the U.S. will begin taking the new SAT on their own devices — including a tablet or a laptop — or on school devices. The test is also one hour shorter (down from three hours), has shorter reading passages and uses digital tools, like a highlighter, a graphing calculator and a bookmark to go back to skipped questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revamped test, which ditches the paper and pencil, aims to make cheating harder and grading easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students will still take the exam at a test center or a high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today’s students, they do a lot of their living digitally, they do a lot of their learning digitally, and they do a lot of their test taking digitally,” says Priscilla Rodriguez, who oversees the SAT for the College Board, the organization behind the test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says in focus groups the College Board conducted, students say they felt more confident and more natural taking tests on a digital device. “They were kind of telling us in so many words, ‘You’re a little behind us at this point, actually. Can you please catch up?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A digital SAT isn’t a big leap for many students\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Throughout March and April, the College Board expects more than 1 million students to take the new digital SAT. Students can take the exam on Saturday test dates or during SAT School Days, where participating high schools offer the test to upperclassmen free of charge during the school day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephany Perez, a high school junior from Houston, says the transition to online is “not that significant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"mindshift_63109,news_11964081\" label=\"Related Stories\"]“We’re so used to being on our laptops, like it’s something we do on the regular, in every class.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez has been prepping for the online version in school, using test prep material from CollegeSpring, \u003ca href=\"https://collegespring.org/about-us/\">a nonprofit that partners\u003c/a> with high school teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she’s still nervous and anxious about the test because she feels a lot of pressure to do well. “It’s a very important test,” she says. “It dictates what’s going to happen for your college life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s taking the test on Tuesday morning at her high school using school laptops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This isn’t the first time the College Board has administered a digital exam. In 2023, international students took a digital-only SAT, and a digital-only PSAT was given to younger U.S. high school students last fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students will take the digital exam on Bluebook, an app built in-house by the College Board. Schools were given time ahead of testing dates to download the app onto their devices. Internet access is key to starting the test, though Rodriquez says it requires very little bandwidth during the test and is designed to autosave locally, so students won’t lose work or time if they lose their internet connection.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The SAT and ACT still hold power in admissions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>All this comes as the relevance of the SAT and ACT, another college entrance exam, is being called into question in the college admissions process. \u003ca href=\"https://fairtest.org/overwhelming-majority-of-u-s-colleges-and-universities-remain-act-sat-optional-or-test-blind-score-free-for-fall-2025/\">More than 1,800 U.S. colleges\u003c/a> are not requiring a test score for students applying to enroll in fall 2025, according to the National Center for Fair & Open Testing. But in recent weeks, some elite private colleges, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-05/brown-university-becomes-third-ivy-to-reinstate-sat-requirements?embedded-checkout=true\">Brown University\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/05/1229223433/sat-act-diversity-dartmouth-college-admissions\">Dartmouth College\u003c/a>, have reinstated the test requirement, saying it provides helpful context for the admissions process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez would be the first in her family to go to college in the U.S. She says, “I know a lot of schools say that they’re test optional,” but when she looked up colleges she was interested in, she found they still listed average SAT scores on their websites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So you do have to care,” she says, “because [colleges] might still be looking at them, even if they say they’re test optional.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with many schools trying to de-emphasize the exams, Rodriquez, of the College Board, says the SAT can still be an important piece of a larger admissions puzzle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The SAT] can give any student a way to show what they’ve learned in a standardized way, and that’s especially important when other parts of the college application, things like extracurricular activities and essays, are more easily influenced by parental wealth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SAT and ACT are also still deeply ingrained in the American high school experience. Many states require one of the exams to graduate, and several states have contracts with the College Board to offer the test during the school day for free to their students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before this new digital format, the SAT had already gone through several changes. In 2014, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2014/03/06/286646479/college-board-previews-sat-revisions\">College Board revealed\u003c/a> it would drop its penalty for wrong answers, make the essay portion optional and remove the obscure vocabulary section. And in early 2021, the organization announced\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/01/19/958329475/sat-discontinues-subject-tests-and-optional-essay#:~:text=The%20College%20Board%20announced%20on,and%20math%2C%20among%20other%20topics.\"> it would discontinue the optional essay \u003c/a>component of the SAT, as well as the subject tests in U.S. history, languages and math, among other topics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=In+a+first%2C+U.S.+students+will+take+the+SAT+entirely+online+%28no+pencils+required%29&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The SAT, a college admissions exam that for nearly a century was completed using paper and pencil, is now officially all-digital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, students in the U.S. will begin taking the new SAT on their own devices — including a tablet or a laptop — or on school devices. The test is also one hour shorter (down from three hours), has shorter reading passages and uses digital tools, like a highlighter, a graphing calculator and a bookmark to go back to skipped questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revamped test, which ditches the paper and pencil, aims to make cheating harder and grading easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students will still take the exam at a test center or a high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today’s students, they do a lot of their living digitally, they do a lot of their learning digitally, and they do a lot of their test taking digitally,” says Priscilla Rodriguez, who oversees the SAT for the College Board, the organization behind the test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says in focus groups the College Board conducted, students say they felt more confident and more natural taking tests on a digital device. “They were kind of telling us in so many words, ‘You’re a little behind us at this point, actually. Can you please catch up?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A digital SAT isn’t a big leap for many students\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Throughout March and April, the College Board expects more than 1 million students to take the new digital SAT. Students can take the exam on Saturday test dates or during SAT School Days, where participating high schools offer the test to upperclassmen free of charge during the school day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephany Perez, a high school junior from Houston, says the transition to online is “not that significant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We’re so used to being on our laptops, like it’s something we do on the regular, in every class.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez has been prepping for the online version in school, using test prep material from CollegeSpring, \u003ca href=\"https://collegespring.org/about-us/\">a nonprofit that partners\u003c/a> with high school teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she’s still nervous and anxious about the test because she feels a lot of pressure to do well. “It’s a very important test,” she says. “It dictates what’s going to happen for your college life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s taking the test on Tuesday morning at her high school using school laptops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This isn’t the first time the College Board has administered a digital exam. In 2023, international students took a digital-only SAT, and a digital-only PSAT was given to younger U.S. high school students last fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students will take the digital exam on Bluebook, an app built in-house by the College Board. Schools were given time ahead of testing dates to download the app onto their devices. Internet access is key to starting the test, though Rodriquez says it requires very little bandwidth during the test and is designed to autosave locally, so students won’t lose work or time if they lose their internet connection.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The SAT and ACT still hold power in admissions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>All this comes as the relevance of the SAT and ACT, another college entrance exam, is being called into question in the college admissions process. \u003ca href=\"https://fairtest.org/overwhelming-majority-of-u-s-colleges-and-universities-remain-act-sat-optional-or-test-blind-score-free-for-fall-2025/\">More than 1,800 U.S. colleges\u003c/a> are not requiring a test score for students applying to enroll in fall 2025, according to the National Center for Fair & Open Testing. But in recent weeks, some elite private colleges, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-05/brown-university-becomes-third-ivy-to-reinstate-sat-requirements?embedded-checkout=true\">Brown University\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/05/1229223433/sat-act-diversity-dartmouth-college-admissions\">Dartmouth College\u003c/a>, have reinstated the test requirement, saying it provides helpful context for the admissions process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez would be the first in her family to go to college in the U.S. She says, “I know a lot of schools say that they’re test optional,” but when she looked up colleges she was interested in, she found they still listed average SAT scores on their websites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So you do have to care,” she says, “because [colleges] might still be looking at them, even if they say they’re test optional.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with many schools trying to de-emphasize the exams, Rodriquez, of the College Board, says the SAT can still be an important piece of a larger admissions puzzle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The SAT] can give any student a way to show what they’ve learned in a standardized way, and that’s especially important when other parts of the college application, things like extracurricular activities and essays, are more easily influenced by parental wealth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SAT and ACT are also still deeply ingrained in the American high school experience. Many states require one of the exams to graduate, and several states have contracts with the College Board to offer the test during the school day for free to their students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before this new digital format, the SAT had already gone through several changes. In 2014, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2014/03/06/286646479/college-board-previews-sat-revisions\">College Board revealed\u003c/a> it would drop its penalty for wrong answers, make the essay portion optional and remove the obscure vocabulary section. And in early 2021, the organization announced\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/01/19/958329475/sat-discontinues-subject-tests-and-optional-essay#:~:text=The%20College%20Board%20announced%20on,and%20math%2C%20among%20other%20topics.\"> it would discontinue the optional essay \u003c/a>component of the SAT, as well as the subject tests in U.S. history, languages and math, among other topics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=In+a+first%2C+U.S.+students+will+take+the+SAT+entirely+online+%28no+pencils+required%29&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "As Celebrities Join Protests, Media Follows — and So Does the Backlash",
"headTitle": "As Celebrities Join Protests, Media Follows — and So Does the Backlash | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Alyssa Milano first became an activist more than 30 years ago. But she tells the story of her eureka moment like it was yesterday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the late 1980s, when she starred in the sitcom \u003cem>Who’s the Boss?, \u003c/em>one of her fans was a \u003ca href=\"https://ryanwhite.hrsa.gov/livinghistory/\">teenager \u003c/a>named Ryan White, who was HIV positive. The two became friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Alyssa Milano, actor and UNICEF National Ambassador\"]‘It was the first time I felt that my being an actor, being on TV, had a purpose that was bigger than I was.’[/pullquote]“He asked me if I would go on TV and give him a kiss to show that you couldn’t get AIDS from casual contact,” Milano recalls. She agreed and kissed White on Phil Donahue’s national talk show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was the first time I felt that my being an actor, being on TV, had a purpose that was bigger than I was,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, she’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/bio/alyssa-milano\">championed\u003c/a> many causes, including reproductive rights, gun reform and the #MeToo movement. Over time, she learned the good and bad of having both a high profile and a sense of purpose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Hamas attacked Israel on Oct. 7, Milano, a UNICEF National Ambassador, used her social media platform to \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/Cyg6ricyfam/\">share\u003c/a> the NGO’s messages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says the backlash was swift. “I felt like every time I posted from this place of peace, I was either a terrorist sympathizer, or I did not fight strong enough for the oppression of the Palestinian people,” Milano explains. She says, while social media is a powerful tool for activism, “There’s no way to not be exposed to the vitriol” you get in return.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Celebrities are amplifiers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Oscar-winning actor and \u003cem>Thelma & Louise\u003c/em> star Susan Sarandon describes her lifelong activism as something that’s ingrained in her being.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a personality flaw,” she laughs, “I mean, when I was little, I thought that my dolls all came alive at midnight, and I rotated their dresses so one doll didn’t have all the nice dresses all the time. Anything that’s unfair always really hurt me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarandon has been voicing her support for Palestinians for many years, so she says she was “shocked” when she was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/11/22/1214833761/melissa-barrera-susan-sarandon-israel-gaza\">dropped\u003c/a> by United Talent Agency (UTA) for a speech she gave at a rally calling for a cease-fire in Gaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says her words were taken out of context. Nonetheless, she issued a \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/C0VdJBjuTFa/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link\">statement\u003c/a> on social media apologizing if she offended anyone. UTA declined NPR’s request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarandon says that while the “isolation from my tribe” has been “painful,” she will continue lending her voice to calls for a cease-fire. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Medea Benjamin, co-founder, CODEPINK\"]‘We’ve been walking these halls for three months, and nobody pays attention to us, especially the Congress people. But having her with us brings out the media, and we get the Congress people themselves.’[/pullquote]Sarandon recently attended a protest calling for a cease-fire on Capitol Hill organized by \u003ca href=\"https://www.codepink.org/\">CODEPINK\u003c/a>. The feminist group alerted the press she was coming. \u003cem>NBC\u003c/em>, \u003cem>Al Jazeera\u003c/em> and other outlets showed up. CODEPINK co-founder Medea Benjamin says Sarandon’s presence was a game changer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been walking these halls for three months, and nobody pays attention to us, especially the Congress people. But having her with us brings out the media, and we get the Congress people themselves,” she gushes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not all of the Congress people. Sarandon met with Reps. Rashida Tlaib and Cori Bush. But Ritchie Torres refused to see her. Sarandon told reporters she suspected that’s because he receives money from the pro-Israel lobby AIPAC. On social media, Torres says Sarandon trafficked in “anti-Semitic victim blaming.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the harsh repercussions that can result, some artists are still using their star power to call for a cease-fire. Fans of \u003cem>Euphoria\u003c/em> actor Hunter Schafer learned that she and dozens of anti-war protesters were arrested earlier this week in the lobby of NBC’s headquarters at 30 Rockefeller Plaza, timed to President Biden’s interview on \u003cem>Late Night with Seth Meyers\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schafer’s arrest was covered by numerous media outlets, including the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/hunter-schafer-arrest-protest-israel-gaza-biden-seth-myers-e1cd343fae8d02dbd322dfa7ebec4775\">\u003cem>Associated Press\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>,\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/celebrities/2024/02/28/hunter-schafer-arrested-anti-zionism-israel-hamas-war-rally/72772198007/\">\u003cem>USA Today\u003c/em>\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/tv/story/2024-02-28/hunter-schafer-euphoria-arrest-in-cease-fire-30-rock-jvp\">\u003cem>The Los Angeles Times\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, \u003c/em>amplifying the cease-fire message.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>But backlash can be swift\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Will and Grace \u003c/em>star Debra Messing is one of several celebrities who’ve been outspoken in their support of Israel. Others include actors Michael Rapaport and Amy Schumer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the March for Israel \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qJPA_gww57Q\">rally\u003c/a> in Washington, D.C., last November, Messing told the crowd of some 300,000 people, “We will pray for the success of the IDF in a war Israel did not start and did not want but a war Israel will win.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Messing also traveled to Israel and met with family members of hostages held by Hamas and \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/C1V0PoQxVCa/\">posted\u003c/a> videos of those visits on social media. She visited a tunnel built by Hamas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her trip was coordinated by \u003ca href=\"https://www.creativecommunityforpeace.com/\">Creative Community for Peace\u003c/a> (CCFP), an organization working to “promote the arts as a bridge to peace” and “educate about rising antisemitism within the entertainment industry.” The trips to Israel are intended to help artists “bear witness to what happened in the kibbutzim to meet people and survivors of the attack,” CCFP’s executive director Ari Ingel says. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Ari Ingel, executive director, Creative Community for Peace\"]‘I think a lot of Jews in the entertainment community felt abandoned, not just by their silence, but by their condemnation.’[/pullquote]While many people on social media thanked Messing for sharing stories about the hostages and their families, she was also called out for only talking about one side of the conflict and not addressing the humanitarian crisis in Gaza or the tens of thousands of Palestinians who Israeli forces have killed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Something about standing with a colonial force that is expelling people from their homes and killing thousands of civilians doesn’t exactly say ‘activist,'” \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CzXy3deMR4I/\">reads one comment\u003c/a> on Messing’s Instagram.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ingel says more than 2,000 artists and industry leaders, including Gal Gadot, Jamie Lee Curtis, Jerry Seinfeld, Mayim Bialik, Chris Pine and Michael Douglas, \u003ca href=\"https://www.creativecommunityforpeace.com/blog/2023/10/12/israel-under-attack-open-letter/\">signed CCFP’s open letter supporting Israel\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letter calls for the “entertainment community to speak out forcefully against Hamas, to support Israel, to refrain from sharing misinformation about the war, and do whatever is in their power to urge the terrorist organization to return the innocent hostages to their families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ingel says celebrities who’ve spoken up in support of Israel have faced “condemnation.” He points to a \u003ca href=\"https://cnycentral.com/news/local/activists-march-for-shut-it-down-for-palestine-movement-through-downtown-syracuse\">protest\u003c/a> outside a Syracuse theater where Seinfeld performed. Equally troubling, he says, was the “silence” from individuals and organizations after the Hamas attacks. He points to the Writers Guild of America \u003ca href=\"https://variety.com/2023/biz/news/wga-israel-attack-open-letter-1235756946/\">waiting\u003c/a> more than two weeks to comment on the atrocity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think a lot of Jews in the entertainment community felt abandoned, not just by their silence, but by their condemnation,” Ingel says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong> ‘Taking a stand’ vs. ‘Nag, Nag, Nag’\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At the storied March on Washington in 1963, the late activist and entertainer Harry Belafonte \u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/US/video/archival-video-harry-belafonte-speaks-march-washington-1963-45832971\">told the crowd\u003c/a> that he believed artists “revealed” society to itself. Sometimes, that means revealing things that are hard to hear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jane Fonda has done that often throughout her life. In 1973, speaking to KQED about the Vietnam War, she asked, “What business have we to try and exterminate a people?” Fonda was insistent, “My father fought against people in the Second World War who were trying to exterminate a people. I don’t think today we should repudiate everything that our fathers fought against.”[aside postID=news_11969701 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/Queer-Palestinian-Artists_2-1020x659.jpg']Fonda was widely criticized for things she said about U.S. troops in Vietnam. But her antiwar stance resonated with millions of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We often see celebrities getting a lot of backlash for their activism when they speak out about foreign policy,” says Sarah King, an assistant professor of History at the University of South Carolina-Aiken who has studied celebrity activism \u003ca href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/pech.12458\">during\u003c/a> the Vietnam War.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The backlash appears to be especially degrading toward women, King says. She notes that Fonda’s activism was described more harshly than her fellow actor Donald Sutherland’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He is discussed as taking a stand, whereas Jane Fonda is described in much more negative terms,” King notes. “\u003cem>Nag, Nag, Nag,”\u003c/em> read the headline of a 1971 \u003cem>Life\u003c/em> magazine \u003ca href=\"https://www.life.com/page/29/?p=0\">article\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Should artists speak out?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“We live in a time … where celebrity voices matter more than most,” says Rania Batrice, who spearheaded the Artists4Ceasefire \u003ca href=\"https://www.artists4ceasefire.org/\">letter\u003c/a> addressed to President Biden and signed by more than 300 people, including Jon Stewart, Jordan Peele, Bella Hadid, Dua Lipa, Jennifer Lopez and Bradley Cooper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calling for an immediate cease-fire in Gaza, the letter cites the tens of thousands of dead and injured, “numbers that any person of conscience knows are catastrophic,” it says. “We believe all life is sacred, no matter faith or ethnicity and we condemn the killing of Palestinian and Israeli civilians.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Batrice says many of the artists were discouraged from signing the letter by their agents or publicists, and those who did face pushback from friends and others in the entertainment industry.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Rania Batrice, activist and leader in creating the Artists4Ceasefire letter]‘I also am incredibly grateful for those artists who stepped up despite having all of these voices in their ears telling them not to do it.’[/pullquote]Still, Batrice believes if they have a platform, they should use it to help those who need it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I sort of have this expectation that people will step up and utilize their privilege,” Batrice says, “I also am incredibly grateful for those artists who stepped up despite having all of these voices in their ears telling them not to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Actor Melissa Barrera has vowed to continue her activism. She was fired from the cast of the next \u003cem>Scream \u003c/em>movie when she posted pro-Palestinian messages on social media. But instead of retreating, she doubled down. She issued a \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/Cz-SbMgsjGQ/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&igsh=MzRlODBiNWFlZA==\">statement\u003c/a> that says she condemned “Anti-Semitism and Islamophobia” and that she would, quote, “continue to speak out for those that need it most.” She joined a protest calling for a cease-fire at the Sundance Film Festival and \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/video/movie-premieres-movies-park-city-utah-melissa-barrera-6bcfc464baad4b3e87b5fb3258ce8da7\">expressed\u003c/a> no regrets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Honestly, I feel like I finally am becoming who I’m supposed to be in life, and the last few months have been awakening of that,” she told the \u003cem>Associated Press\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Artists, a publicist told me, are “supposed to show emotion … That’s the whole point of art.” He preferred not to be identified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The Middle East crisis has sharply divided Hollywood. Celebrities who've spoken out have lost jobs and been harassed. But there's a long history of celebrities lending their voices to bigger causes.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Alyssa Milano first became an activist more than 30 years ago. But she tells the story of her eureka moment like it was yesterday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the late 1980s, when she starred in the sitcom \u003cem>Who’s the Boss?, \u003c/em>one of her fans was a \u003ca href=\"https://ryanwhite.hrsa.gov/livinghistory/\">teenager \u003c/a>named Ryan White, who was HIV positive. The two became friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“He asked me if I would go on TV and give him a kiss to show that you couldn’t get AIDS from casual contact,” Milano recalls. She agreed and kissed White on Phil Donahue’s national talk show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was the first time I felt that my being an actor, being on TV, had a purpose that was bigger than I was,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, she’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/bio/alyssa-milano\">championed\u003c/a> many causes, including reproductive rights, gun reform and the #MeToo movement. Over time, she learned the good and bad of having both a high profile and a sense of purpose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Hamas attacked Israel on Oct. 7, Milano, a UNICEF National Ambassador, used her social media platform to \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/Cyg6ricyfam/\">share\u003c/a> the NGO’s messages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says the backlash was swift. “I felt like every time I posted from this place of peace, I was either a terrorist sympathizer, or I did not fight strong enough for the oppression of the Palestinian people,” Milano explains. She says, while social media is a powerful tool for activism, “There’s no way to not be exposed to the vitriol” you get in return.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Celebrities are amplifiers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Oscar-winning actor and \u003cem>Thelma & Louise\u003c/em> star Susan Sarandon describes her lifelong activism as something that’s ingrained in her being.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a personality flaw,” she laughs, “I mean, when I was little, I thought that my dolls all came alive at midnight, and I rotated their dresses so one doll didn’t have all the nice dresses all the time. Anything that’s unfair always really hurt me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarandon has been voicing her support for Palestinians for many years, so she says she was “shocked” when she was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/11/22/1214833761/melissa-barrera-susan-sarandon-israel-gaza\">dropped\u003c/a> by United Talent Agency (UTA) for a speech she gave at a rally calling for a cease-fire in Gaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says her words were taken out of context. Nonetheless, she issued a \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/C0VdJBjuTFa/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link\">statement\u003c/a> on social media apologizing if she offended anyone. UTA declined NPR’s request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarandon says that while the “isolation from my tribe” has been “painful,” she will continue lending her voice to calls for a cease-fire. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘We’ve been walking these halls for three months, and nobody pays attention to us, especially the Congress people. But having her with us brings out the media, and we get the Congress people themselves.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Sarandon recently attended a protest calling for a cease-fire on Capitol Hill organized by \u003ca href=\"https://www.codepink.org/\">CODEPINK\u003c/a>. The feminist group alerted the press she was coming. \u003cem>NBC\u003c/em>, \u003cem>Al Jazeera\u003c/em> and other outlets showed up. CODEPINK co-founder Medea Benjamin says Sarandon’s presence was a game changer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been walking these halls for three months, and nobody pays attention to us, especially the Congress people. But having her with us brings out the media, and we get the Congress people themselves,” she gushes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not all of the Congress people. Sarandon met with Reps. Rashida Tlaib and Cori Bush. But Ritchie Torres refused to see her. Sarandon told reporters she suspected that’s because he receives money from the pro-Israel lobby AIPAC. On social media, Torres says Sarandon trafficked in “anti-Semitic victim blaming.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the harsh repercussions that can result, some artists are still using their star power to call for a cease-fire. Fans of \u003cem>Euphoria\u003c/em> actor Hunter Schafer learned that she and dozens of anti-war protesters were arrested earlier this week in the lobby of NBC’s headquarters at 30 Rockefeller Plaza, timed to President Biden’s interview on \u003cem>Late Night with Seth Meyers\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schafer’s arrest was covered by numerous media outlets, including the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/hunter-schafer-arrest-protest-israel-gaza-biden-seth-myers-e1cd343fae8d02dbd322dfa7ebec4775\">\u003cem>Associated Press\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>,\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/celebrities/2024/02/28/hunter-schafer-arrested-anti-zionism-israel-hamas-war-rally/72772198007/\">\u003cem>USA Today\u003c/em>\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/tv/story/2024-02-28/hunter-schafer-euphoria-arrest-in-cease-fire-30-rock-jvp\">\u003cem>The Los Angeles Times\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, \u003c/em>amplifying the cease-fire message.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>But backlash can be swift\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Will and Grace \u003c/em>star Debra Messing is one of several celebrities who’ve been outspoken in their support of Israel. Others include actors Michael Rapaport and Amy Schumer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the March for Israel \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qJPA_gww57Q\">rally\u003c/a> in Washington, D.C., last November, Messing told the crowd of some 300,000 people, “We will pray for the success of the IDF in a war Israel did not start and did not want but a war Israel will win.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Messing also traveled to Israel and met with family members of hostages held by Hamas and \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/C1V0PoQxVCa/\">posted\u003c/a> videos of those visits on social media. She visited a tunnel built by Hamas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her trip was coordinated by \u003ca href=\"https://www.creativecommunityforpeace.com/\">Creative Community for Peace\u003c/a> (CCFP), an organization working to “promote the arts as a bridge to peace” and “educate about rising antisemitism within the entertainment industry.” The trips to Israel are intended to help artists “bear witness to what happened in the kibbutzim to meet people and survivors of the attack,” CCFP’s executive director Ari Ingel says. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>While many people on social media thanked Messing for sharing stories about the hostages and their families, she was also called out for only talking about one side of the conflict and not addressing the humanitarian crisis in Gaza or the tens of thousands of Palestinians who Israeli forces have killed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Something about standing with a colonial force that is expelling people from their homes and killing thousands of civilians doesn’t exactly say ‘activist,'” \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CzXy3deMR4I/\">reads one comment\u003c/a> on Messing’s Instagram.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ingel says more than 2,000 artists and industry leaders, including Gal Gadot, Jamie Lee Curtis, Jerry Seinfeld, Mayim Bialik, Chris Pine and Michael Douglas, \u003ca href=\"https://www.creativecommunityforpeace.com/blog/2023/10/12/israel-under-attack-open-letter/\">signed CCFP’s open letter supporting Israel\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letter calls for the “entertainment community to speak out forcefully against Hamas, to support Israel, to refrain from sharing misinformation about the war, and do whatever is in their power to urge the terrorist organization to return the innocent hostages to their families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ingel says celebrities who’ve spoken up in support of Israel have faced “condemnation.” He points to a \u003ca href=\"https://cnycentral.com/news/local/activists-march-for-shut-it-down-for-palestine-movement-through-downtown-syracuse\">protest\u003c/a> outside a Syracuse theater where Seinfeld performed. Equally troubling, he says, was the “silence” from individuals and organizations after the Hamas attacks. He points to the Writers Guild of America \u003ca href=\"https://variety.com/2023/biz/news/wga-israel-attack-open-letter-1235756946/\">waiting\u003c/a> more than two weeks to comment on the atrocity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think a lot of Jews in the entertainment community felt abandoned, not just by their silence, but by their condemnation,” Ingel says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong> ‘Taking a stand’ vs. ‘Nag, Nag, Nag’\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At the storied March on Washington in 1963, the late activist and entertainer Harry Belafonte \u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/US/video/archival-video-harry-belafonte-speaks-march-washington-1963-45832971\">told the crowd\u003c/a> that he believed artists “revealed” society to itself. Sometimes, that means revealing things that are hard to hear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jane Fonda has done that often throughout her life. In 1973, speaking to KQED about the Vietnam War, she asked, “What business have we to try and exterminate a people?” Fonda was insistent, “My father fought against people in the Second World War who were trying to exterminate a people. I don’t think today we should repudiate everything that our fathers fought against.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Fonda was widely criticized for things she said about U.S. troops in Vietnam. But her antiwar stance resonated with millions of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We often see celebrities getting a lot of backlash for their activism when they speak out about foreign policy,” says Sarah King, an assistant professor of History at the University of South Carolina-Aiken who has studied celebrity activism \u003ca href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/pech.12458\">during\u003c/a> the Vietnam War.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The backlash appears to be especially degrading toward women, King says. She notes that Fonda’s activism was described more harshly than her fellow actor Donald Sutherland’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He is discussed as taking a stand, whereas Jane Fonda is described in much more negative terms,” King notes. “\u003cem>Nag, Nag, Nag,”\u003c/em> read the headline of a 1971 \u003cem>Life\u003c/em> magazine \u003ca href=\"https://www.life.com/page/29/?p=0\">article\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Should artists speak out?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“We live in a time … where celebrity voices matter more than most,” says Rania Batrice, who spearheaded the Artists4Ceasefire \u003ca href=\"https://www.artists4ceasefire.org/\">letter\u003c/a> addressed to President Biden and signed by more than 300 people, including Jon Stewart, Jordan Peele, Bella Hadid, Dua Lipa, Jennifer Lopez and Bradley Cooper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calling for an immediate cease-fire in Gaza, the letter cites the tens of thousands of dead and injured, “numbers that any person of conscience knows are catastrophic,” it says. “We believe all life is sacred, no matter faith or ethnicity and we condemn the killing of Palestinian and Israeli civilians.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Batrice says many of the artists were discouraged from signing the letter by their agents or publicists, and those who did face pushback from friends and others in the entertainment industry.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Still, Batrice believes if they have a platform, they should use it to help those who need it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I sort of have this expectation that people will step up and utilize their privilege,” Batrice says, “I also am incredibly grateful for those artists who stepped up despite having all of these voices in their ears telling them not to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Actor Melissa Barrera has vowed to continue her activism. She was fired from the cast of the next \u003cem>Scream \u003c/em>movie when she posted pro-Palestinian messages on social media. But instead of retreating, she doubled down. She issued a \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/Cz-SbMgsjGQ/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&igsh=MzRlODBiNWFlZA==\">statement\u003c/a> that says she condemned “Anti-Semitism and Islamophobia” and that she would, quote, “continue to speak out for those that need it most.” She joined a protest calling for a cease-fire at the Sundance Film Festival and \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/video/movie-premieres-movies-park-city-utah-melissa-barrera-6bcfc464baad4b3e87b5fb3258ce8da7\">expressed\u003c/a> no regrets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Honestly, I feel like I finally am becoming who I’m supposed to be in life, and the last few months have been awakening of that,” she told the \u003cem>Associated Press\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Artists, a publicist told me, are “supposed to show emotion … That’s the whole point of art.” He preferred not to be identified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "'I'm Not a Prepper': Why Is Bay Area Billionaire Marc Benioff Buying Up So Much Land in Hawaii?",
"headTitle": "‘I’m Not a Prepper’: Why Is Bay Area Billionaire Marc Benioff Buying Up So Much Land in Hawaii? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>A life-size bronze statue of a cowboy sits at the center of Waimea, Hawaii. The cowboy is riding a horse, lasso in hand, pursuing a wild bull. It’s a monument to Ikua Purdy, a hometown hero who was the first Hawaiian to become a \u003ca href=\"https://nationalcowboymuseum.org/collections/awards/rodeo-hall-of-fame/inductees/5255/\">hall-of-fame rodeo roper\u003c/a>. This statue is meant to represent the spirit of the place here on Hawaii’s Big Island, which is wholly different from the tourist-laden beaches of Waikiki.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waimea is primarily an agricultural town with just three stoplights and around 10,000 residents. It has lush forests filled with guava trees and torch ginger, and it’s known for being the birthplace of the Hawaiian cowboy, or paniolo. It sits thousands of feet above sea level, where misty winds often blow sideways and, on clear days, give way to expansive views of the island’s three towering volcanoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last couple of years, a mystery has been brewing in this small mountain town. Someone has been quietly buying hundreds of acres of land — stirring worries about rising housing prices and speculation among locals about what exactly is going on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waimea is a tight-knit community that has a large Native Hawaiian population, and the people here say they don’t want to lose that culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I first heard rumors about the land buys when I was visiting my family near there in November. My grandmother grew up in Hawaii, and I lived here as a child. I started asking around Waimea, and everyone seemed to know who was behind the purchases: billionaire Marc Benioff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Marc Benioff, CEO, Salesforce\"]‘There’s nothing owned by Salesforce in Hawaii. There never will be.’[/pullquote]He’s the CEO and co-founder of San Francisco-based Salesforce, one of the world’s largest software companies, which owns the popular messaging service Slack and is worth nearly $300 billion. He also owns \u003cem>Time\u003c/em> magazine. Benioff is hard to miss — the 59-year-old stands at a towering 6 feet, 5 inches and is often seen driving around Waimea in his white Hummer pickup, sporting his signature look of a baseball cap with his curly brown hair tumbling out back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benioff \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB114852253987662635\">lives in a beachside mansion\u003c/a> down the mountain from Waimea. He built the $24.5 million, 9,800-square-foot home about 20 years ago and also bought dozens of acres of ranch land in Waimea around that time, according to public records. Since the onset of the pandemic in 2020, however, I found that Benioff has gone on a much larger — and previously unreported — shopping spree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawaii has long been a place where the world’s elite has flocked. And tech billionaires are now among the \u003ca href=\"https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2023/11/hawaiis-crisis-as-a-playground-for-the-ultrawealthy\">newest cadre of migrants to buy land\u003c/a> in the islands. Amazon founder Jeff Bezos owns a sprawling beach mansion in Maui. Facebook co-founder Mark Zuckerberg has plans to build a bunker on his land in Kauai, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/mark-zuckerberg-inside-hawaii-compound/\">according to \u003cem>Wired\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. Benioff’s former boss, Oracle co-founder Larry Ellison, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2022-oracle-larry-ellison-lanai-hawaii-plans-tourism/?sref=h2AwP2mF&embedded-checkout=true\">owns 98% of Lanai\u003c/a>. And the list goes on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The billionaires stand in stark contrast to the rest of Hawaii’s residents — where on the Big Island specifically, the median household income is around $74,000, according to county data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s different here is that rather than focusing on coastal mansions in gated communities, Benioff is buying property in a rural residential town. In the majority of instances, he’s paid more than current market value, according to public records. For example, the longtime Mamane Bakery — known for its lilikoi cheesecake and mango-guava hot cross buns — shuttered after he purchased the land for more than 50% above the current market value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I spoke with several longtime residents who say they fear that these land buys will add to already sky-high housing costs and that they’ll be priced out of Waimea. Some people say a few of his neighbors had been approached about their properties, and Benioff himself says homeowners have come to him about selling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the people of Waimea understand that Benioff is behind the recent land purchases, hardly anyone seems to know his plans. Some guess he’s building a Salesforce training center and moving in engineers; others say he’s generously donating to the community and helping local schools. Most people just shake their heads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s kind of how the rumor mill starts, right?” says local resident Mike Donoho, who works in natural resource planning on the islands. “When there’s not clarity or disclosure about what the intentions are of someone purchasing a property or multiple properties, then there’s that level of uncertainty. And with those gaps of information, people are filling in the blanks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly all the 18 residents who spoke to me did so on the condition that I not use their names. They don’t want to be seen as talking critically about Benioff; they say he holds a lot of sway here. One person told me that, in this small town, it stems from a culture of not criticizing people in public, or what locals call “no talk stink.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of them have similar sentiments about a single individual buying a lot of land in Waimea. As one person put it, “When you have the locals getting priced out of towns like this and more challenges with people moving over here, it just creates more competition in terms of trying to buy land. … At what point does Hawaii not become Hawaii anymore, if no Hawaiians are here?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Benioff, he has stayed silent on the topic. Until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone’s seen the movie \u003cem>South Pacific\u003c/em>. It’s Bali Ha’i,” he tells me in a sit-down interview. “This is a place that everybody loves to be. It’s a magical place. It’s a place that people come and transform and change, evolve. They experience God. They experience nature. They experience themselves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>ʻOhana, dolphins and Salesforce gets the aloha spirit\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>People in Waimea tell me about Benioff’s land purchases, but I want to confirm them. Before speaking with him, I start combing through Waimea property maps and cross-checking the data with public records from Hawaii’s secretary of state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I find that since 2000, Benioff has bought at least 38 parcels of land through at least six anonymous limited liability companies, or LLCs, and one nonprofit. All of the property owned by the LLCs has the same mailing address — a P.O. box in the San Francisco Bay Area — and the same registered agent in Palo Alto, California. None of the documentation has Benioff’s name, but he doesn’t dispute any of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The property totals more than 600 acres of land. He’s bought 29 parcels, more than 580 acres, in Waimea, and nine others, about 25 acres, at beach resorts. One of his coastal properties surrounds an entire public beach. The combined market value of this land stands at nearly $100 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the first 15 years that Benioff bought land in Hawaii, he mostly focused on beach resort property. When the pandemic started, he ramped up buying residential, commercial and agricultural land in and around Waimea. Since 2020, he has purchased 22 parcels of land here — a town where inventory is low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benioff has long professed his love for Hawaii, which he started visiting when he was young. Salesforce’s origin story even begins with him swimming with dolphins off the Big Island in the late 1990s and having a vision of selling software as a subscription service over the internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I came to Hawaii for the first time and fell in love,” Benioff says. “I fell in love with the people, or what we call here in Hawaii ʻohana. I fell in love with the land that we call ʻāina. And, of course, I fell in love with the aloha spirit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That aloha spirit is a big part of Salesforce’s corporate identity. The word ʻohana, Hawaiian for “family,” is a common refrain at business meetings, in \u003ca href=\"https://www.salesforce.com/campaign/peering/\">company blogs\u003c/a> and on social media. And \u003ca href=\"https://www.thedailybeast.com/salesforce-is-ditching-its-awkward-corporate-obsession-with-hawaiian-culture\">Fridays at Salesforce have been known as Aloha shirt days\u003c/a>, replete with company events that include hula dancers and Hawaiian drummers. More than once, Benioff has \u003ca href=\"https://www.ft.com/content/f1b696d6-0226-11e8-9650-9c0ad2d7c5b5\">thrown a Hawaiian luau\u003c/a> at the World Economic Forum confab in Davos, Switzerland, for the annual Salesforce party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When construction got underway in 2014 for the Salesforce Tower in San Francisco, the city’s tallest building, Benioff had his longtime friends and Hawaiian spiritual advisers Danny Akaka Jr. and Anna Akaka bless the area. (Danny is the son of late U.S. Sen. Daniel Akaka.) The Akakas have also blessed Salesforce conferences and other projects that Benioff has worked on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Hawaiians always believed that whenever you embark upon a new adventure, whether it’s a voyage or making a new canoe or building a heiau [temple], it always needs to be preceded by a blessing,” Danny Akaka Jr. told me in an interview. “Marc also felt like that too — that whatever is done should be done in a way that’s pono, that’s good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2022, Salesforce \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/forget-the-officesalesforce-is-making-a-wellness-retreat-for-workers-11644510615\">rented a 75-acre luxury retreat center in California\u003c/a> for its employees to come together and bond. Benioff told \u003cem>The Wall Street Journal\u003c/em> that his vision was to \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/marc-benioff-says-a-ranch-may-be-what-salesforces-work-culture-needs-11620758858?mod=article_inline\">purchase a large property\u003c/a> and build his own retreat-like ranch for his employees. One of the properties he floated was in Maui, but according to the \u003cem>Journal\u003c/em>, he hadn’t yet settled on a location.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As I continued to piece together Benioff’s land purchases in Waimea, a colleague at NPR got an out-of-the-blue text from him. Word had gotten back to Benioff that I was poking around town. He wanted to speak with me.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A “seriously zen” billionaire known for philanthropy\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Benioff’s CEO persona isn’t that of your typical cutthroat winner-takes-all billionaire. He’s seen more as a socialite tech guru who hangs out with people like New Age author Deepak Chopra, Bono and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/09/technology/silicon-valleys-big-bold-sci-fi-bet-on-the-device-that-comes-after-the-smartphone.html\">Buddhist monk named Brother Spirit\u003c/a>. He hired actor Matthew McConaughey (who’s also regularly seen around Waimea) to be Salesforce’s brand ambassador. One of Benioff’s books is even titled \u003cem>Compassionate Capitalism\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>GQ\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.gq.com/story/marc-benioff-gq-clout\">calls him\u003c/a> “seriously zen,” \u003cem>Fortune\u003c/em> says he’s \u003ca href=\"https://fortune.com/longform/marc-benioff-salesforce-slack-acquisition-diversity-inclusion-fortune-500/\">one of few CEOs\u003c/a> who has achieved “rock star–level status” and \u003cem>Forbes\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/katiasavchuk/2014/06/19/san-franciscos-giant-of-generosity/\">calls him\u003c/a> a “giant of generosity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benioff’s current net worth is around $10.3 billion, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/billionaires/profiles/marc-r-benioff/?sref=h2AwP2mF\">Bloomberg Billionaires Index\u003c/a>. And over the last year, by NPR’s calculation, his wealth has risen by an average of $9.5 million per day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can be hard to fathom that much money, says Rachel Sherman, a sociology professor at The New School \u003ca href=\"https://www.newschool.edu/nssr/story/tackling-the-anxieties-of-affluence/\">who studies wealth\u003c/a>. “Just like how much a billion actually is,” she says. “It’s not just a little bit more than a million.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benioff is a well-known philanthropist. In the Bay Area, his name is plastered across the city. He and his wife, Lynne Benioff, donated $250 million to UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospitals in San Francisco and Oakland. He has given millions of dollars to local schools, pledged $2 million to \u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/gospel-of-wealth-according-to-marc-benioff/\">champion a homelessness initiative\u003c/a> and has thrown his support behind LGBTQ+ rights. Salesforce, as a company, has donated hundreds of millions too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salesforce also \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/13/business/davos-man-marc-benioff-book.html\">paid $0 in federal taxes\u003c/a> from 2018 to 2020, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://itep.org/55-profitable-corporations-zero-corporate-tax/\">Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy\u003c/a>. When asked for comment, a Salesforce spokesperson says the company “fully complies with all tax laws.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, Benioff and his wife bought \u003cem>Time\u003c/em> magazine for $190 million. He doesn’t shy away from publicity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, when it comes to Hawaii, Benioff is extremely private.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We speak for the first time in December on a Zoom call that lasted 90 minutes. Over the following days, Benioff texts me constantly, often many times a day. The primary focus of these texts is to draw attention to his philanthropy in Hawaii, which has almost all been anonymous. He adds me to several group threads with people who know about his charity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He talks about donations to the fire department, which include massive trucks that can roll over the rocky lava terrain common in the area (Benioff calls them “monster trucks”). He has given money to public schools through the state’s Department of Education and bought several homes for teachers at a local private school. He flew in 1 million masks for protection against COVID-19 during the pandemic. He works with the Papahānaumokuākea Marine Debris Project, and there are island reforestation projects with a group called American Forests. He says he’s also working on major health care grants with Gov. Josh Green.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benioff says he likes to find local organizations already doing the work and to give them what they need. He’s ready to go public, he says. He releases his nonprofit partners from their anonymity agreements to speak with me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the beginning, I’d explained to Benioff that I was working on this story after hearing from townspeople worried about what was happening with his land purchases in Waimea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a week after we first talked, Benioff emailed to say he had just published a news release about one of his land tracts called Ouli. “You inspired me with your idea to dispel the myths and fears,” he later texts, referring to what I’ve told him was the purpose of my story. He tops off that text conversation with an angel emoji.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.hawaiipublicradio.org/local-news/2023-12-19/donors-give-nearly-300-acres-and-7m-to-expand-affordable-housing-on-hawai%CA%BBi-island\">Ouli project covers 282 acres\u003c/a> that Benioff and his wife bought and donated to the Hawaii Island Community Development Corp., which builds affordable housing on the Big Island. The organization has developed nearly 900 homes here over the last 30 years. The initial plan is to build about 40 houses on the currently uninhabited property in Ouli, but that number could grow. The project is about 6 miles out of town, and because of the terrain and scope of the project, it won’t be done for several years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keith Kato, the organization’s soft-spoken executive director, offers me a tour in his four-wheel-drive pickup. It’s a clear day, and you can see the ocean in the distance and snow glistening off the top of Mauna Kea. He shows me another subdivision that his group built, which resembles what Ouli will look like — modest single-story homes on 10,000-square-foot lots. It’s on the dry side of town, where the rainforest fades to grassland covering an ancient lava field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s interesting that you have people who have that much wealth and that they’re actually willing to put it to use in the community,” Kato says. “So this was like a gift from heaven, so to speak.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hopefully we get some of the rumors put to bed,” he adds. The mystery around Ouli is solved, but dozens more properties remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>“I’m not a prepper”\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In January, I pull up to a residential home that Benioff bought in Waimea in late 2020. It’s a midcentury modern house made of redwood that sits on a hillside and has sweeping views of the town below and volcanoes in the background. Bird-of-paradise flowers flourish outside, along with monstera vines and an avocado tree. A wild turkey pecks at the grass. Benioff’s Hummer is parked out front.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benioff calls this his Waimea office, and I’m here to interview him in person. As I get situated, I meet two assistants — who are both named Kendall — and his two golden retrievers, Brandy and Honey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His artwork includes the famous anti-capitalist \u003ca href=\"https://www.artsy.net/artwork/zevs-liquidated-google-14\">\u003cem>Liquidated Google\u003c/em>\u003c/a> print by French graffiti artist Zevs and a wall-size painting by the Brazilian graffiti duo OSGEMEOS. Benioff says the Brazilian artists are his friends. He also has an array of Hawaiian art, including a collection of antique \u003ca href=\"https://hawaiialive.org/lei-niho-palaoa/\">lei niho palaoa\u003c/a> necklaces that are made with an ivory pendant strung by thick cords of intricately woven human hair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We sit down on a big white semicircle couch; Brandy and Honey join us. A Salesforce adviser tunes in from New Jersey via a Zoom call. One wall of this room is papered corner to corner with magazine covers and newspaper articles about Benioff. I bring up Zuckerberg and Ellison, who have famously purchased tons of land in Hawaii, and ask Benioff how he sees himself compared with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our philosophy has always been different, which is that we’re really only here to have a home for our family and then to give,” he says. “We don’t have outsized properties. We have basically enough for ourselves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not a prepper,” he adds when I ask him about a bunker (like the ones Zuckerberg and other tech billionaires have planned).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benioff deflects the majority of my questions to talk about his philanthropy again. How he has donated millions to the fire department — his beachside home has nearly burned down. How his philosophy is to give unconditionally without expecting anything in return. How he has donated around $100 million in Hawaii and has been able to remain anonymous until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s adamant that he’s not building a Salesforce facility in Waimea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s nothing owned by Salesforce in Hawaii. There never will be,” Benioff says. “Unfortunately, let me tell you the reality of Waimea and Hawaii: We wouldn’t be able to do it. There isn’t enough land, and there isn’t enough housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So for people who say to me, and many have, ‘Oh, I heard you’re going to bring a Salesforce campus here — you’re bringing over 50 people or 100 people.’ They don’t understand what’s going on in this town and this state,” he adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I ask Benioff about the properties in the anonymous LLCs, things seem to take a turn. He starts speaking more quickly and fidgets with a piece of paper in his hand. He’s reluctant to go through the holdings, and his adviser on the Zoom call jumps in to say we can discuss it later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He does give me some tidbits. He says he has a private ranch with 10 horses where he lets a local family run their cattle. He says that he has family living here and that he’s starting a community meeting center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A couple of days before the interview, Benioff texted the same NPR colleague again, asking for intel on my story. Then he called me and demanded to know the title of this piece. During that call, he also mentioned he knew the exact area where I was staying. Unnerved, I asked how he knew, and he said, “It’s my job. You have a job and I have a job.” During the interview, he brings up more personal details about me and my family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I leave the meeting disconcerted and still unclear about what exactly is happening with his land in Waimea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following day, I drive around with a photographer to take pictures of the town and Benioff’s projects. We go to the property he described as a community center and are confronted by one of his employees. The photographer explains we’re there to take photos of the outside of the building. Shortly afterward, I get a text from Benioff. His employee seemed to think we were “snooping,” and he says he’s escalating the incident to NPR CEO John Lansing. Lansing confirmed he spoke with Benioff without going into detail — the NPR newsroom operates independently, and the CEO is not involved in editorial decision-making. Benioff didn’t respond to my question about the purpose of this call.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s at stake\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Hawaii has gone through major demographic shifts over the last few years. More Native Hawaiians now \u003ca href=\"https://kawaiola.news/cover/kanaka-come-home/\">live outside the state\u003c/a> than on the islands, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. Kamehameha Schools’ Strategy & Transformation Group, which studies Native Hawaiian well-being, \u003ca href=\"https://sites.google.com/ksbe.edu/wellbeing2018/migration\">looked at why they may be leaving\u003c/a> and found that the state’s high cost of living and lack of affordable housing are major factors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the state, median home prices have risen by at least 22% from pre-pandemic prices, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.redfin.com/state/Hawaii/housing-market\">Redfin\u003c/a>. In Waimea, it appears especially dire. Median home prices \u003ca href=\"https://www.redfin.com/city/19780/HI/Waimea/housing-market\">topped $1 million\u003c/a> in January, up 87% from prices before the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim Richards, a state senator and sixth-generation Hawaii resident whose family has lived in the Waimea area for the last 100 years, says the beginning of the pandemic is when things really changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We saw an influx of people coming from the mainland who wanted to get someplace that was, I guess, more isolated,” Richards says. “We saw a huge uptick of house sales and huge uptick of median price. … And that poses a problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What young couple can afford that? Seriously. The answer is nobody,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As I tick through Benioff’s property, I tabulate that 11 of the 38 land parcels are for philanthropy and centered on affordable housing. Those include a cluster for the Ouli project and five residential properties, which were gifted to a private school in Waimea in 2022. He says one parcel of land adjacent to Ouli, which is 158 acres, is also planned for philanthropic use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benioff also bought commercial property in town in 2022, which included the Mamane Bakery, which shut down after he purchased it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is now the location of the community center that Benioff says he’s establishing. When I visit, his employee refers to it as a Jewish community center and I see Hebrew writing on the wall, but Benioff says it will have many different uses. Although it’s not yet finished, Benioff says the center has already been open for “all community use” since September and has served many different religious and secular groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benioff’s 24 remaining parcels of land, about 165 acres, are set aside for him and his family members. There’s the private ranch with horses and about a dozen homes scattered across Waimea and down by the beach. He says his anonymity has been motivated by his desire to maintain his family’s privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, the majority of Benioff’s land buys haven’t been about Salesforce or his philanthropy — but rather for personal use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About three weeks ago, he texts me saying, “I just read this report and thought it would interest you.” The \u003ca href=\"https://www.grassrootinstitute.org/2022/08/outsider-theory-hawaii-housing-crisis/\">report\u003c/a> is by the Grassroot Institute of Hawaii, a conservative think tank. It analyzes housing in the state and concludes that “regulatory barriers” are causing the housing crisis and “there is no evidence that outside buyers are the driving factor in Hawaii’s high housing costs or lack of affordable housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think back to that statue in the center of Waimea depicting Ikua Purdy roping the wild bull.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statue’s plaque tells the story of cattle first arriving in Hawaii in 1793, given as gifts to King Kamehameha I. But soon the cattle overran the land. “It was not long before they overpopulated and plundered the countryside from the mountains to the seashores,” the plaque reads. It’s hard not to think about the parallels to the islands’ long history of newcomers arriving, and of today, with billionaires buying up the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I ask Richards about Waimea and what happened with the cattle. It was the Hawaiian cowboys, the paniolos, he tells me, who learned to subdue them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Waimea was and still is, in large part, a cow town,” he says. But, he adds, if we don’t pay attention to what’s happening, “we will lose the fabric that makes Hawaii, Hawaii.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Daniel Wood contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=A+tech+billionaire+is+quietly+buying+up+land+in+Hawaii.+No+one+knows+why&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A mystery has been brewing in a small ranching town on Hawaii's Big Island. Word has it that Salesforce CEO Marc Benioff bought the land, stirring worries about what he plans to do with it.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A life-size bronze statue of a cowboy sits at the center of Waimea, Hawaii. The cowboy is riding a horse, lasso in hand, pursuing a wild bull. It’s a monument to Ikua Purdy, a hometown hero who was the first Hawaiian to become a \u003ca href=\"https://nationalcowboymuseum.org/collections/awards/rodeo-hall-of-fame/inductees/5255/\">hall-of-fame rodeo roper\u003c/a>. This statue is meant to represent the spirit of the place here on Hawaii’s Big Island, which is wholly different from the tourist-laden beaches of Waikiki.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waimea is primarily an agricultural town with just three stoplights and around 10,000 residents. It has lush forests filled with guava trees and torch ginger, and it’s known for being the birthplace of the Hawaiian cowboy, or paniolo. It sits thousands of feet above sea level, where misty winds often blow sideways and, on clear days, give way to expansive views of the island’s three towering volcanoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last couple of years, a mystery has been brewing in this small mountain town. Someone has been quietly buying hundreds of acres of land — stirring worries about rising housing prices and speculation among locals about what exactly is going on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waimea is a tight-knit community that has a large Native Hawaiian population, and the people here say they don’t want to lose that culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I first heard rumors about the land buys when I was visiting my family near there in November. My grandmother grew up in Hawaii, and I lived here as a child. I started asking around Waimea, and everyone seemed to know who was behind the purchases: billionaire Marc Benioff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘There’s nothing owned by Salesforce in Hawaii. There never will be.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>He’s the CEO and co-founder of San Francisco-based Salesforce, one of the world’s largest software companies, which owns the popular messaging service Slack and is worth nearly $300 billion. He also owns \u003cem>Time\u003c/em> magazine. Benioff is hard to miss — the 59-year-old stands at a towering 6 feet, 5 inches and is often seen driving around Waimea in his white Hummer pickup, sporting his signature look of a baseball cap with his curly brown hair tumbling out back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benioff \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB114852253987662635\">lives in a beachside mansion\u003c/a> down the mountain from Waimea. He built the $24.5 million, 9,800-square-foot home about 20 years ago and also bought dozens of acres of ranch land in Waimea around that time, according to public records. Since the onset of the pandemic in 2020, however, I found that Benioff has gone on a much larger — and previously unreported — shopping spree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawaii has long been a place where the world’s elite has flocked. And tech billionaires are now among the \u003ca href=\"https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2023/11/hawaiis-crisis-as-a-playground-for-the-ultrawealthy\">newest cadre of migrants to buy land\u003c/a> in the islands. Amazon founder Jeff Bezos owns a sprawling beach mansion in Maui. Facebook co-founder Mark Zuckerberg has plans to build a bunker on his land in Kauai, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/mark-zuckerberg-inside-hawaii-compound/\">according to \u003cem>Wired\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. Benioff’s former boss, Oracle co-founder Larry Ellison, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2022-oracle-larry-ellison-lanai-hawaii-plans-tourism/?sref=h2AwP2mF&embedded-checkout=true\">owns 98% of Lanai\u003c/a>. And the list goes on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The billionaires stand in stark contrast to the rest of Hawaii’s residents — where on the Big Island specifically, the median household income is around $74,000, according to county data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s different here is that rather than focusing on coastal mansions in gated communities, Benioff is buying property in a rural residential town. In the majority of instances, he’s paid more than current market value, according to public records. For example, the longtime Mamane Bakery — known for its lilikoi cheesecake and mango-guava hot cross buns — shuttered after he purchased the land for more than 50% above the current market value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I spoke with several longtime residents who say they fear that these land buys will add to already sky-high housing costs and that they’ll be priced out of Waimea. Some people say a few of his neighbors had been approached about their properties, and Benioff himself says homeowners have come to him about selling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the people of Waimea understand that Benioff is behind the recent land purchases, hardly anyone seems to know his plans. Some guess he’s building a Salesforce training center and moving in engineers; others say he’s generously donating to the community and helping local schools. Most people just shake their heads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s kind of how the rumor mill starts, right?” says local resident Mike Donoho, who works in natural resource planning on the islands. “When there’s not clarity or disclosure about what the intentions are of someone purchasing a property or multiple properties, then there’s that level of uncertainty. And with those gaps of information, people are filling in the blanks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly all the 18 residents who spoke to me did so on the condition that I not use their names. They don’t want to be seen as talking critically about Benioff; they say he holds a lot of sway here. One person told me that, in this small town, it stems from a culture of not criticizing people in public, or what locals call “no talk stink.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of them have similar sentiments about a single individual buying a lot of land in Waimea. As one person put it, “When you have the locals getting priced out of towns like this and more challenges with people moving over here, it just creates more competition in terms of trying to buy land. … At what point does Hawaii not become Hawaii anymore, if no Hawaiians are here?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Benioff, he has stayed silent on the topic. Until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone’s seen the movie \u003cem>South Pacific\u003c/em>. It’s Bali Ha’i,” he tells me in a sit-down interview. “This is a place that everybody loves to be. It’s a magical place. It’s a place that people come and transform and change, evolve. They experience God. They experience nature. They experience themselves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>ʻOhana, dolphins and Salesforce gets the aloha spirit\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>People in Waimea tell me about Benioff’s land purchases, but I want to confirm them. Before speaking with him, I start combing through Waimea property maps and cross-checking the data with public records from Hawaii’s secretary of state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I find that since 2000, Benioff has bought at least 38 parcels of land through at least six anonymous limited liability companies, or LLCs, and one nonprofit. All of the property owned by the LLCs has the same mailing address — a P.O. box in the San Francisco Bay Area — and the same registered agent in Palo Alto, California. None of the documentation has Benioff’s name, but he doesn’t dispute any of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The property totals more than 600 acres of land. He’s bought 29 parcels, more than 580 acres, in Waimea, and nine others, about 25 acres, at beach resorts. One of his coastal properties surrounds an entire public beach. The combined market value of this land stands at nearly $100 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the first 15 years that Benioff bought land in Hawaii, he mostly focused on beach resort property. When the pandemic started, he ramped up buying residential, commercial and agricultural land in and around Waimea. Since 2020, he has purchased 22 parcels of land here — a town where inventory is low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benioff has long professed his love for Hawaii, which he started visiting when he was young. Salesforce’s origin story even begins with him swimming with dolphins off the Big Island in the late 1990s and having a vision of selling software as a subscription service over the internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I came to Hawaii for the first time and fell in love,” Benioff says. “I fell in love with the people, or what we call here in Hawaii ʻohana. I fell in love with the land that we call ʻāina. And, of course, I fell in love with the aloha spirit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That aloha spirit is a big part of Salesforce’s corporate identity. The word ʻohana, Hawaiian for “family,” is a common refrain at business meetings, in \u003ca href=\"https://www.salesforce.com/campaign/peering/\">company blogs\u003c/a> and on social media. And \u003ca href=\"https://www.thedailybeast.com/salesforce-is-ditching-its-awkward-corporate-obsession-with-hawaiian-culture\">Fridays at Salesforce have been known as Aloha shirt days\u003c/a>, replete with company events that include hula dancers and Hawaiian drummers. More than once, Benioff has \u003ca href=\"https://www.ft.com/content/f1b696d6-0226-11e8-9650-9c0ad2d7c5b5\">thrown a Hawaiian luau\u003c/a> at the World Economic Forum confab in Davos, Switzerland, for the annual Salesforce party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When construction got underway in 2014 for the Salesforce Tower in San Francisco, the city’s tallest building, Benioff had his longtime friends and Hawaiian spiritual advisers Danny Akaka Jr. and Anna Akaka bless the area. (Danny is the son of late U.S. Sen. Daniel Akaka.) The Akakas have also blessed Salesforce conferences and other projects that Benioff has worked on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Hawaiians always believed that whenever you embark upon a new adventure, whether it’s a voyage or making a new canoe or building a heiau [temple], it always needs to be preceded by a blessing,” Danny Akaka Jr. told me in an interview. “Marc also felt like that too — that whatever is done should be done in a way that’s pono, that’s good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2022, Salesforce \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/forget-the-officesalesforce-is-making-a-wellness-retreat-for-workers-11644510615\">rented a 75-acre luxury retreat center in California\u003c/a> for its employees to come together and bond. Benioff told \u003cem>The Wall Street Journal\u003c/em> that his vision was to \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/marc-benioff-says-a-ranch-may-be-what-salesforces-work-culture-needs-11620758858?mod=article_inline\">purchase a large property\u003c/a> and build his own retreat-like ranch for his employees. One of the properties he floated was in Maui, but according to the \u003cem>Journal\u003c/em>, he hadn’t yet settled on a location.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As I continued to piece together Benioff’s land purchases in Waimea, a colleague at NPR got an out-of-the-blue text from him. Word had gotten back to Benioff that I was poking around town. He wanted to speak with me.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A “seriously zen” billionaire known for philanthropy\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Benioff’s CEO persona isn’t that of your typical cutthroat winner-takes-all billionaire. He’s seen more as a socialite tech guru who hangs out with people like New Age author Deepak Chopra, Bono and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/09/technology/silicon-valleys-big-bold-sci-fi-bet-on-the-device-that-comes-after-the-smartphone.html\">Buddhist monk named Brother Spirit\u003c/a>. He hired actor Matthew McConaughey (who’s also regularly seen around Waimea) to be Salesforce’s brand ambassador. One of Benioff’s books is even titled \u003cem>Compassionate Capitalism\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>GQ\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.gq.com/story/marc-benioff-gq-clout\">calls him\u003c/a> “seriously zen,” \u003cem>Fortune\u003c/em> says he’s \u003ca href=\"https://fortune.com/longform/marc-benioff-salesforce-slack-acquisition-diversity-inclusion-fortune-500/\">one of few CEOs\u003c/a> who has achieved “rock star–level status” and \u003cem>Forbes\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/katiasavchuk/2014/06/19/san-franciscos-giant-of-generosity/\">calls him\u003c/a> a “giant of generosity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benioff’s current net worth is around $10.3 billion, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/billionaires/profiles/marc-r-benioff/?sref=h2AwP2mF\">Bloomberg Billionaires Index\u003c/a>. And over the last year, by NPR’s calculation, his wealth has risen by an average of $9.5 million per day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can be hard to fathom that much money, says Rachel Sherman, a sociology professor at The New School \u003ca href=\"https://www.newschool.edu/nssr/story/tackling-the-anxieties-of-affluence/\">who studies wealth\u003c/a>. “Just like how much a billion actually is,” she says. “It’s not just a little bit more than a million.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benioff is a well-known philanthropist. In the Bay Area, his name is plastered across the city. He and his wife, Lynne Benioff, donated $250 million to UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospitals in San Francisco and Oakland. He has given millions of dollars to local schools, pledged $2 million to \u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/story/gospel-of-wealth-according-to-marc-benioff/\">champion a homelessness initiative\u003c/a> and has thrown his support behind LGBTQ+ rights. Salesforce, as a company, has donated hundreds of millions too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salesforce also \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/13/business/davos-man-marc-benioff-book.html\">paid $0 in federal taxes\u003c/a> from 2018 to 2020, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://itep.org/55-profitable-corporations-zero-corporate-tax/\">Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy\u003c/a>. When asked for comment, a Salesforce spokesperson says the company “fully complies with all tax laws.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, Benioff and his wife bought \u003cem>Time\u003c/em> magazine for $190 million. He doesn’t shy away from publicity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, when it comes to Hawaii, Benioff is extremely private.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We speak for the first time in December on a Zoom call that lasted 90 minutes. Over the following days, Benioff texts me constantly, often many times a day. The primary focus of these texts is to draw attention to his philanthropy in Hawaii, which has almost all been anonymous. He adds me to several group threads with people who know about his charity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He talks about donations to the fire department, which include massive trucks that can roll over the rocky lava terrain common in the area (Benioff calls them “monster trucks”). He has given money to public schools through the state’s Department of Education and bought several homes for teachers at a local private school. He flew in 1 million masks for protection against COVID-19 during the pandemic. He works with the Papahānaumokuākea Marine Debris Project, and there are island reforestation projects with a group called American Forests. He says he’s also working on major health care grants with Gov. Josh Green.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benioff says he likes to find local organizations already doing the work and to give them what they need. He’s ready to go public, he says. He releases his nonprofit partners from their anonymity agreements to speak with me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the beginning, I’d explained to Benioff that I was working on this story after hearing from townspeople worried about what was happening with his land purchases in Waimea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a week after we first talked, Benioff emailed to say he had just published a news release about one of his land tracts called Ouli. “You inspired me with your idea to dispel the myths and fears,” he later texts, referring to what I’ve told him was the purpose of my story. He tops off that text conversation with an angel emoji.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.hawaiipublicradio.org/local-news/2023-12-19/donors-give-nearly-300-acres-and-7m-to-expand-affordable-housing-on-hawai%CA%BBi-island\">Ouli project covers 282 acres\u003c/a> that Benioff and his wife bought and donated to the Hawaii Island Community Development Corp., which builds affordable housing on the Big Island. The organization has developed nearly 900 homes here over the last 30 years. The initial plan is to build about 40 houses on the currently uninhabited property in Ouli, but that number could grow. The project is about 6 miles out of town, and because of the terrain and scope of the project, it won’t be done for several years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keith Kato, the organization’s soft-spoken executive director, offers me a tour in his four-wheel-drive pickup. It’s a clear day, and you can see the ocean in the distance and snow glistening off the top of Mauna Kea. He shows me another subdivision that his group built, which resembles what Ouli will look like — modest single-story homes on 10,000-square-foot lots. It’s on the dry side of town, where the rainforest fades to grassland covering an ancient lava field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s interesting that you have people who have that much wealth and that they’re actually willing to put it to use in the community,” Kato says. “So this was like a gift from heaven, so to speak.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hopefully we get some of the rumors put to bed,” he adds. The mystery around Ouli is solved, but dozens more properties remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>“I’m not a prepper”\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In January, I pull up to a residential home that Benioff bought in Waimea in late 2020. It’s a midcentury modern house made of redwood that sits on a hillside and has sweeping views of the town below and volcanoes in the background. Bird-of-paradise flowers flourish outside, along with monstera vines and an avocado tree. A wild turkey pecks at the grass. Benioff’s Hummer is parked out front.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benioff calls this his Waimea office, and I’m here to interview him in person. As I get situated, I meet two assistants — who are both named Kendall — and his two golden retrievers, Brandy and Honey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His artwork includes the famous anti-capitalist \u003ca href=\"https://www.artsy.net/artwork/zevs-liquidated-google-14\">\u003cem>Liquidated Google\u003c/em>\u003c/a> print by French graffiti artist Zevs and a wall-size painting by the Brazilian graffiti duo OSGEMEOS. Benioff says the Brazilian artists are his friends. He also has an array of Hawaiian art, including a collection of antique \u003ca href=\"https://hawaiialive.org/lei-niho-palaoa/\">lei niho palaoa\u003c/a> necklaces that are made with an ivory pendant strung by thick cords of intricately woven human hair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We sit down on a big white semicircle couch; Brandy and Honey join us. A Salesforce adviser tunes in from New Jersey via a Zoom call. One wall of this room is papered corner to corner with magazine covers and newspaper articles about Benioff. I bring up Zuckerberg and Ellison, who have famously purchased tons of land in Hawaii, and ask Benioff how he sees himself compared with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our philosophy has always been different, which is that we’re really only here to have a home for our family and then to give,” he says. “We don’t have outsized properties. We have basically enough for ourselves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not a prepper,” he adds when I ask him about a bunker (like the ones Zuckerberg and other tech billionaires have planned).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benioff deflects the majority of my questions to talk about his philanthropy again. How he has donated millions to the fire department — his beachside home has nearly burned down. How his philosophy is to give unconditionally without expecting anything in return. How he has donated around $100 million in Hawaii and has been able to remain anonymous until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s adamant that he’s not building a Salesforce facility in Waimea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s nothing owned by Salesforce in Hawaii. There never will be,” Benioff says. “Unfortunately, let me tell you the reality of Waimea and Hawaii: We wouldn’t be able to do it. There isn’t enough land, and there isn’t enough housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So for people who say to me, and many have, ‘Oh, I heard you’re going to bring a Salesforce campus here — you’re bringing over 50 people or 100 people.’ They don’t understand what’s going on in this town and this state,” he adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I ask Benioff about the properties in the anonymous LLCs, things seem to take a turn. He starts speaking more quickly and fidgets with a piece of paper in his hand. He’s reluctant to go through the holdings, and his adviser on the Zoom call jumps in to say we can discuss it later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He does give me some tidbits. He says he has a private ranch with 10 horses where he lets a local family run their cattle. He says that he has family living here and that he’s starting a community meeting center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A couple of days before the interview, Benioff texted the same NPR colleague again, asking for intel on my story. Then he called me and demanded to know the title of this piece. During that call, he also mentioned he knew the exact area where I was staying. Unnerved, I asked how he knew, and he said, “It’s my job. You have a job and I have a job.” During the interview, he brings up more personal details about me and my family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I leave the meeting disconcerted and still unclear about what exactly is happening with his land in Waimea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following day, I drive around with a photographer to take pictures of the town and Benioff’s projects. We go to the property he described as a community center and are confronted by one of his employees. The photographer explains we’re there to take photos of the outside of the building. Shortly afterward, I get a text from Benioff. His employee seemed to think we were “snooping,” and he says he’s escalating the incident to NPR CEO John Lansing. Lansing confirmed he spoke with Benioff without going into detail — the NPR newsroom operates independently, and the CEO is not involved in editorial decision-making. Benioff didn’t respond to my question about the purpose of this call.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s at stake\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Hawaii has gone through major demographic shifts over the last few years. More Native Hawaiians now \u003ca href=\"https://kawaiola.news/cover/kanaka-come-home/\">live outside the state\u003c/a> than on the islands, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. Kamehameha Schools’ Strategy & Transformation Group, which studies Native Hawaiian well-being, \u003ca href=\"https://sites.google.com/ksbe.edu/wellbeing2018/migration\">looked at why they may be leaving\u003c/a> and found that the state’s high cost of living and lack of affordable housing are major factors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the state, median home prices have risen by at least 22% from pre-pandemic prices, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.redfin.com/state/Hawaii/housing-market\">Redfin\u003c/a>. In Waimea, it appears especially dire. Median home prices \u003ca href=\"https://www.redfin.com/city/19780/HI/Waimea/housing-market\">topped $1 million\u003c/a> in January, up 87% from prices before the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim Richards, a state senator and sixth-generation Hawaii resident whose family has lived in the Waimea area for the last 100 years, says the beginning of the pandemic is when things really changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We saw an influx of people coming from the mainland who wanted to get someplace that was, I guess, more isolated,” Richards says. “We saw a huge uptick of house sales and huge uptick of median price. … And that poses a problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What young couple can afford that? Seriously. The answer is nobody,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As I tick through Benioff’s property, I tabulate that 11 of the 38 land parcels are for philanthropy and centered on affordable housing. Those include a cluster for the Ouli project and five residential properties, which were gifted to a private school in Waimea in 2022. He says one parcel of land adjacent to Ouli, which is 158 acres, is also planned for philanthropic use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benioff also bought commercial property in town in 2022, which included the Mamane Bakery, which shut down after he purchased it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is now the location of the community center that Benioff says he’s establishing. When I visit, his employee refers to it as a Jewish community center and I see Hebrew writing on the wall, but Benioff says it will have many different uses. Although it’s not yet finished, Benioff says the center has already been open for “all community use” since September and has served many different religious and secular groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benioff’s 24 remaining parcels of land, about 165 acres, are set aside for him and his family members. There’s the private ranch with horses and about a dozen homes scattered across Waimea and down by the beach. He says his anonymity has been motivated by his desire to maintain his family’s privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, the majority of Benioff’s land buys haven’t been about Salesforce or his philanthropy — but rather for personal use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About three weeks ago, he texts me saying, “I just read this report and thought it would interest you.” The \u003ca href=\"https://www.grassrootinstitute.org/2022/08/outsider-theory-hawaii-housing-crisis/\">report\u003c/a> is by the Grassroot Institute of Hawaii, a conservative think tank. It analyzes housing in the state and concludes that “regulatory barriers” are causing the housing crisis and “there is no evidence that outside buyers are the driving factor in Hawaii’s high housing costs or lack of affordable housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think back to that statue in the center of Waimea depicting Ikua Purdy roping the wild bull.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statue’s plaque tells the story of cattle first arriving in Hawaii in 1793, given as gifts to King Kamehameha I. But soon the cattle overran the land. “It was not long before they overpopulated and plundered the countryside from the mountains to the seashores,” the plaque reads. It’s hard not to think about the parallels to the islands’ long history of newcomers arriving, and of today, with billionaires buying up the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I ask Richards about Waimea and what happened with the cattle. It was the Hawaiian cowboys, the paniolos, he tells me, who learned to subdue them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Waimea was and still is, in large part, a cow town,” he says. But, he adds, if we don’t pay attention to what’s happening, “we will lose the fabric that makes Hawaii, Hawaii.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Daniel Wood contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=A+tech+billionaire+is+quietly+buying+up+land+in+Hawaii.+No+one+knows+why&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Supreme Court to Hear Trump's Jan. 6 Immunity Claim, With Arguments Set for April",
"headTitle": "Supreme Court to Hear Trump’s Jan. 6 Immunity Claim, With Arguments Set for April | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/28/1231974416/supreme-court-trump-immunity#:~:text=Trump%20appeals%20immunity%20ruling%20to%20the%20Supreme%20Court&text=At%20issue%20in%20the%20case,in%20on%20such%20a%20claim.\">U.S. Supreme Court will hear oral arguments \u003c/a>the week of April 22 in a high-stakes dispute over whether former President Donald Trump enjoys immunity from federal criminal prosecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order from the court on Wednesday keeps Trump’s prosecution in the Jan. 6 case on hold for at least a few more months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The justices said, in an unsigned order, that their review would be limited to a single question: “Whether and if so, to what extent does a former President enjoy presidential immunity from criminal prosecution for conduct alleged to involve official acts during his tenure in office.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue is one of first impression for the Supreme Court since no former president has ever faced criminal charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision amounts to, at minimum, another short-term victory for Trump, and it means the trial originally set to begin in Washington, D.C., in early March could be delayed until late summer or even after Election Day in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, the Republican front-runner in this year’s presidential election, has argued that the case amounts to election interference and that going to trial this year would burden his ability to run a political campaign. His attorneys said it would be a challenge to sift through the heavy volume of documents in this case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump is fighting 91 criminal charges in four jurisdictions. The charges are related to his effort to cling to power after he lost the 2020 presidential election to Joe Biden and other alleged misdeeds that involve retention of classified documents and hush money payments to an adult film actress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Special counsel Jack Smith had urged the Supreme Court to swiftly reject Trump’s claims, arguing the charged crimes “strike at the heart of our democracy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Delay in the resolution of these charges threatens to frustrate the public interest in a speedy and fair verdict — a compelling interest in every criminal case and one that has unique national importance here, as it involves federal criminal charges against a former President for alleged criminal efforts to overturn the results of the Presidential election, including through the use of official power,” Smith and his team wrote in a recent filing to the justices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/06/1223904739/trump-immunity-ruling\">Three judges on the federal appeals court \u003c/a>in Washington, D.C., unanimously sided with prosecutors this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"US Court of Appeals DC Circuit judges\"]‘We cannot accept that the office of the Presidency places its former occupants above the law for all time thereafter. … [This] would collapse our system of separated powers by placing the President beyond the reach of all three branches.’[/pullquote]“We cannot accept that the office of the Presidency places its former occupants above the law for all time thereafter,” the D.C. circuit judges wrote. Doing so, they said, “would collapse our system of separated powers by placing the President beyond the reach of all three branches.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel said that Trump’s immunity argument has virtually no limit; indeed, at oral argument, when Trump’s lawyer was pressed by the panel, he conceded that a President could order Seal Team 6 to assassinate his political rivals and still be free from any criminal prosecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In their appeal to the Supreme Court, Trump’s lawyers contended that “Such hypotheticals provide fodder for histrionic media coverage, but they are a poor substitute for legal and historical analysis. They called the appellate court decision a “stunning breach of precedent and historical norms.” And they noted that no prior president has ever been prosecuted for his official acts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>President Richard Nixon was named an unindicted co-conspirator in the Watergate scandal that saw many of his highest-ranking aides go to prison. But after Nixon resigned, he was pardoned by President Gerald Ford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the question of presidential immunity has never been resolved by the Supreme Court. In 1974, the justices ruled unanimously that Nixon, then still in office, had to comply with a subpoena for 64 White House tape recordings that were subsequently used as evidence in the prosecution of many top administration officials. The Nixon tapes case thus became the leading precedent suggesting that presidents do not have complete immunity for acts they commit while in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The contrary precedent, cited by Trump’s lawyers, is a civil case that was decided eight years later and also involving Nixon. In that case, the court ruled 5-to-4 that the former president could not be sued by an air force whistleblower who claimed he was fired in retaliation for his disclosures about cost overruns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11975149,forum_2010101904337,news_11971063\"]The consequences of Wednesday’s Supreme Court action remain murky at best. A judge in New York already has ordered jury selection to begin March 25 in a separate state case accusing Trump of recordkeeping violations for hush-money payments to adult film actress Stormy Daniels weeks before the 2016 election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge in the D.C. election interference case, Tanya Chutkan, has not yet indicated when a trial could begin. But in court papers, she’s suggested she will give Trump’s attorneys a few more months to prepare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All that can be said with certainty now is that the clock is ticking. If Trump regains the White House, he could order his Justice Department to drop the case related to the Jan. 6, 2021, siege on the Capitol or even attempt to pardon himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The immunity issue is far from the only question involving Trump to reach the nation’s highest court. The justices have yet to decide a separate dispute about whether Trump is disqualified from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/08/1229176555/supreme-court-trump-colorado-ballot\">primary ballot in Colorado \u003c/a>over his efforts to cling to power after he lost the 2020 election to Joe Biden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’ve scheduled an argument in another case related to the Capitol riot for April 16. In that case, they’ll consider whether prosecutors overreached when they used an obstruction law Congress passed after financial scandals to charge hundreds of people with disrupting the electoral count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the four charges against Trump in the D.C. prosecution could be wiped away if a majority of the Supreme Court determines that the Justice Department’s charging strategy went too far.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The decision is seen as a victory for Trump as it means the trial originally set to begin in Washington, DC, in early March could be delayed until late summer or even after Election Day in November.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/28/1231974416/supreme-court-trump-immunity#:~:text=Trump%20appeals%20immunity%20ruling%20to%20the%20Supreme%20Court&text=At%20issue%20in%20the%20case,in%20on%20such%20a%20claim.\">U.S. Supreme Court will hear oral arguments \u003c/a>the week of April 22 in a high-stakes dispute over whether former President Donald Trump enjoys immunity from federal criminal prosecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order from the court on Wednesday keeps Trump’s prosecution in the Jan. 6 case on hold for at least a few more months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The justices said, in an unsigned order, that their review would be limited to a single question: “Whether and if so, to what extent does a former President enjoy presidential immunity from criminal prosecution for conduct alleged to involve official acts during his tenure in office.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue is one of first impression for the Supreme Court since no former president has ever faced criminal charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision amounts to, at minimum, another short-term victory for Trump, and it means the trial originally set to begin in Washington, D.C., in early March could be delayed until late summer or even after Election Day in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, the Republican front-runner in this year’s presidential election, has argued that the case amounts to election interference and that going to trial this year would burden his ability to run a political campaign. His attorneys said it would be a challenge to sift through the heavy volume of documents in this case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump is fighting 91 criminal charges in four jurisdictions. The charges are related to his effort to cling to power after he lost the 2020 presidential election to Joe Biden and other alleged misdeeds that involve retention of classified documents and hush money payments to an adult film actress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Special counsel Jack Smith had urged the Supreme Court to swiftly reject Trump’s claims, arguing the charged crimes “strike at the heart of our democracy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Delay in the resolution of these charges threatens to frustrate the public interest in a speedy and fair verdict — a compelling interest in every criminal case and one that has unique national importance here, as it involves federal criminal charges against a former President for alleged criminal efforts to overturn the results of the Presidential election, including through the use of official power,” Smith and his team wrote in a recent filing to the justices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/06/1223904739/trump-immunity-ruling\">Three judges on the federal appeals court \u003c/a>in Washington, D.C., unanimously sided with prosecutors this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We cannot accept that the office of the Presidency places its former occupants above the law for all time thereafter,” the D.C. circuit judges wrote. Doing so, they said, “would collapse our system of separated powers by placing the President beyond the reach of all three branches.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel said that Trump’s immunity argument has virtually no limit; indeed, at oral argument, when Trump’s lawyer was pressed by the panel, he conceded that a President could order Seal Team 6 to assassinate his political rivals and still be free from any criminal prosecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In their appeal to the Supreme Court, Trump’s lawyers contended that “Such hypotheticals provide fodder for histrionic media coverage, but they are a poor substitute for legal and historical analysis. They called the appellate court decision a “stunning breach of precedent and historical norms.” And they noted that no prior president has ever been prosecuted for his official acts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>President Richard Nixon was named an unindicted co-conspirator in the Watergate scandal that saw many of his highest-ranking aides go to prison. But after Nixon resigned, he was pardoned by President Gerald Ford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the question of presidential immunity has never been resolved by the Supreme Court. In 1974, the justices ruled unanimously that Nixon, then still in office, had to comply with a subpoena for 64 White House tape recordings that were subsequently used as evidence in the prosecution of many top administration officials. The Nixon tapes case thus became the leading precedent suggesting that presidents do not have complete immunity for acts they commit while in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The contrary precedent, cited by Trump’s lawyers, is a civil case that was decided eight years later and also involving Nixon. In that case, the court ruled 5-to-4 that the former president could not be sued by an air force whistleblower who claimed he was fired in retaliation for his disclosures about cost overruns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The consequences of Wednesday’s Supreme Court action remain murky at best. A judge in New York already has ordered jury selection to begin March 25 in a separate state case accusing Trump of recordkeeping violations for hush-money payments to adult film actress Stormy Daniels weeks before the 2016 election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge in the D.C. election interference case, Tanya Chutkan, has not yet indicated when a trial could begin. But in court papers, she’s suggested she will give Trump’s attorneys a few more months to prepare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All that can be said with certainty now is that the clock is ticking. If Trump regains the White House, he could order his Justice Department to drop the case related to the Jan. 6, 2021, siege on the Capitol or even attempt to pardon himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The immunity issue is far from the only question involving Trump to reach the nation’s highest court. The justices have yet to decide a separate dispute about whether Trump is disqualified from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/08/1229176555/supreme-court-trump-colorado-ballot\">primary ballot in Colorado \u003c/a>over his efforts to cling to power after he lost the 2020 election to Joe Biden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’ve scheduled an argument in another case related to the Capitol riot for April 16. In that case, they’ll consider whether prosecutors overreached when they used an obstruction law Congress passed after financial scandals to charge hundreds of people with disrupting the electoral count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the four charges against Trump in the D.C. prosecution could be wiped away if a majority of the Supreme Court determines that the Justice Department’s charging strategy went too far.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell will step down as Republican leader in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConnell, R-Kentucky, announced his plans in an emotional speech on the Senate floor shortly after aides confirmed his plans to reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This will be my last term as Republican leader of the Senate,” McConnell said, his voice cracking. “I’m not going anywhere anytime soon, however. I will complete the job my colleagues have given me until we select a new Leader in November, and they take the helm next January.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Mitch McConnell, R-Kentucky\"]‘I’m not going anywhere anytime soon, however. I will complete the job my colleagues have given me until we select a new Leader in November, and they take the helm next January.’[/pullquote]He talked about waiting for a day when he would have total clarity about the end of his work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>“That day arrived today,” McConnell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConnell said he intends to serve out the rest of his Senate term, which ends in 2027.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I still have enough gas in the tank to thoroughly disappoint my critics, and I intend to do so with all the enthusiasm which they have become accustomed,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Kentucky Republican, 82, had faced questions about his health for several months. Most recently, he \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/26/1190298694/mcconnell-press-conference\">abruptly froze\u003c/a> and seemed unable to speak during two press conferences in July and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/08/30/1196834904/mcconnell-freezes-again\">August\u003c/a>. In March, he \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/03/13/1163232163/mitch-mcconnell-discharged-from-the-hospital-after-suffering-a-concussion-last-w\">fell during a dinner event \u003c/a>at a D.C. hotel and spent five days in the hospital. His office said he received treatment for a concussion and spent about a week in inpatient rehab to also address a “minor rib fracture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>McConnell’s legacy\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>During his tenure as the longest-serving Senate GOP leader, McConnell has helped to reshape the federal judiciary and the chamber itself. He is a frequent antagonist to Democratic presidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First elected to the Senate in 1984, McConnell was soon driven by a singular political ambition to become majority leader. A cunning tactician, he worked his way up the ladder, serving as Senate campaign chair and party whip before being elected minority leader in 2007. McConnell became majority leader after Republicans won control of the Senate in 2014, 30 years after he was first elected to the chamber.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"ad-header secondary \">\n\u003cp>McConnell entered politics toward the liberal side of the Republican Party, supporting abortion rights and union labor, but his politics shifted right under former President Ronald Reagan — eventually landing him squarely as a hero of the conservative cause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11963237 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/GettyImages-1204102462-qut-1020x680.jpg']Nowhere was that more evident than the federal bench. McConnell led the successful effort to keep Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia’s seat vacant after his sudden death in January 2016, denying President Obama’s appointee Merrick Garland a single hearing. That decision helped Donald Trump secure the White House, propelling white evangelicals to show up for him in higher numbers after he had publicly pledged to fill the seat with a conservative. Trump went on to fill that seat with Justice Neil Gorsuch and appointed two more Supreme Court justices during his four years in office. McConnell\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/22/magazine/mcconnell-senate-trump.html\"> told \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> in 2019\u003c/a> that the Garland decision was “the single most consequential thing I’ve ever done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But McConnell’s influence extends beyond the high court. During Trump’s four years in office, McConnell worked to push through as many conservative judicial nominations as possible while a Republican was in the White House. All told, McConnell helped guide 234 Trump-appointed judicial nominees to the bench in four years, shifting the balance of the judiciary towards conservatives for likely the next generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>He talked about waiting for a day when he would have total clarity about the end of his work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>“That day arrived today,” McConnell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConnell said he intends to serve out the rest of his Senate term, which ends in 2027.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I still have enough gas in the tank to thoroughly disappoint my critics, and I intend to do so with all the enthusiasm which they have become accustomed,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Kentucky Republican, 82, had faced questions about his health for several months. Most recently, he \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/26/1190298694/mcconnell-press-conference\">abruptly froze\u003c/a> and seemed unable to speak during two press conferences in July and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/08/30/1196834904/mcconnell-freezes-again\">August\u003c/a>. In March, he \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/03/13/1163232163/mitch-mcconnell-discharged-from-the-hospital-after-suffering-a-concussion-last-w\">fell during a dinner event \u003c/a>at a D.C. hotel and spent five days in the hospital. His office said he received treatment for a concussion and spent about a week in inpatient rehab to also address a “minor rib fracture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>McConnell’s legacy\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>During his tenure as the longest-serving Senate GOP leader, McConnell has helped to reshape the federal judiciary and the chamber itself. He is a frequent antagonist to Democratic presidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First elected to the Senate in 1984, McConnell was soon driven by a singular political ambition to become majority leader. A cunning tactician, he worked his way up the ladder, serving as Senate campaign chair and party whip before being elected minority leader in 2007. McConnell became majority leader after Republicans won control of the Senate in 2014, 30 years after he was first elected to the chamber.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"ad-header secondary \">\n\u003cp>McConnell entered politics toward the liberal side of the Republican Party, supporting abortion rights and union labor, but his politics shifted right under former President Ronald Reagan — eventually landing him squarely as a hero of the conservative cause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Nowhere was that more evident than the federal bench. McConnell led the successful effort to keep Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia’s seat vacant after his sudden death in January 2016, denying President Obama’s appointee Merrick Garland a single hearing. That decision helped Donald Trump secure the White House, propelling white evangelicals to show up for him in higher numbers after he had publicly pledged to fill the seat with a conservative. Trump went on to fill that seat with Justice Neil Gorsuch and appointed two more Supreme Court justices during his four years in office. McConnell\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/22/magazine/mcconnell-senate-trump.html\"> told \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> in 2019\u003c/a> that the Garland decision was “the single most consequential thing I’ve ever done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But McConnell’s influence extends beyond the high court. During Trump’s four years in office, McConnell worked to push through as many conservative judicial nominations as possible while a Republican was in the White House. All told, McConnell helped guide 234 Trump-appointed judicial nominees to the bench in four years, shifting the balance of the judiciary towards conservatives for likely the next generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the fall of 2021, \u003ca href=\"https://www.io-warnemuende.de/jacob-geersen-en.html\">Jacob Geersen\u003c/a>, a marine geologist now at the Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, was teaching a one-week field course at the University of Kiel. The class was conducted entirely aboard a research vessel on the Baltic Sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geersen prefers the open-air classroom. “It’s quite intense,” he says, but for some of the students, “it’s maybe the best time during their studies.” [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Jacob Geersen, marine geologist, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research\"]‘… It was then when we were sitting together, we saw that there was something on the seafloor. It was something special.’[/pullquote]During the night shift each evening, students mapped the shape of the seafloor at high resolution. “Usually, if we go somewhere and do these measurements,” Geersen says, “then we find something interesting.” This research cruise proved no exception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One night, in the Bay of Mecklenburg, off the coast of northern Germany, the students fired up the echo sounders and mapped a swath of seafloor. “The next day, we downloaded the data,” Geersen says. “And it was then when we were sitting together, we saw that there was something on the seafloor. It was something special.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They didn’t know it at the time, but not quite 70 feet below the surface, they’d stumbled upon a stone wall more than half a mile long that dated back to the Stone Age — one of the oldest such megastructures on the planet. In research published in \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2312008121\">\u003cem>PNAS\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, Geersen and his colleagues say this piece of ancient hunting architecture may have been used to corral and hunt reindeer, adding a level of sophistication to the prehistoric hunter-gatherers who lived 10,000 to 11,000 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Blinkerwall is revealed\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Geersen was used to seeing rocks and stones show up on the echosounder as bumpy anomalies scattered across the bottom of the Baltic Sea, left behind when the glaciers retreated from northern Europe thousands of years ago. But back aboard that vessel in the Bay of Mecklenburg, he could already tell that what he was seeing was different.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You saw there is something that kind of meanders through the map,” Geersen says. It was a ridge that ran for six-tenths of a mile. “I thought it’s very likely that these are rocks, one next to the other, lined up,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year later, Geersen, his colleagues and a new batch of students returned to that same site. They lowered a camera down and confirmed this ridge was made up of thousands of rocks that formed a kind of wall standing about 1.5 feet tall on average. [aside postID=news_11969560 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/attenborough-and-the-jurassic-sea-monster_01_001_custom-d582b499ec602688d4dbe5f11c6c83f037f7438a-1020x679.jpg']“It’s usually small stones — like tennis or soccer ball size — so movable stones,” Geersen says. “But then, at some places where we have a large stone, the direction of the wall changes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geersen didn’t know how such a structure, which the researchers dubbed the “Blinkerwall” after a nearby underwater mound called Blinker Hill, could have formed naturally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was only when we went to the archaeologists that they said, ‘You may have found something very significant,'” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was probably the most skeptical of the entire team,” recalls \u003ca href=\"https://zbsa.eu/en/berit-eriksen/\">Berit Eriksen\u003c/a>, a prehistoric archaeologist at the University of Kiel who \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfb1266.uni-kiel.de/en/projects/cluster-b-complex-foragers/b1-pioneers-of-the-north?set_language=en\">studies\u003c/a> the people who arrived in northern Europe when the glaciers retreated after the last Ice Age 10,000 to 20,000 years ago. When she examined the structure from the Bay of Mecklenburg, a line from Sherlock Holmes came to mind: “When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Archaeologists never speak of ‘truth,'” Eriksen says, “but I’m running out of things to eliminate in terms of natural stuff. That’s my problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eriksen reviewed the data and became increasingly convinced that the structure was made by prehistoric humans who’d used lots of smaller stones to connect the larger, unmovable rocks into a wall. “I don’t believe in UFOs, so it’s got to be manmade,” she concludes. She and the other archaeologists on the project agreed that the wall was likely used by hunter-gatherers 10,000 to 11,000 years ago during the Stone Age to help them herd and hunt reindeer by the hundreds.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How to hunt hundreds of reindeer in the Stone Age\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“The only way you can kill this amount of reindeer is if you drive them into a shooting blind if you cut them off at the pass somewhere,” Eriksen says. And reindeer are known to follow these kinds of stone walls naturally, even stout ones like the Blinkerwall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There would have been water at the other side,” Eriksen says. So, the reindeer would have become trapped between the wall and the water, allowing the hunters lying in wait to fire their arrows at the reindeer. Eriksen says these prehistoric people were nomadic, but this wall suggests they may have had a regular migration route, one that would have brought them back to this spot year after year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you build a structure like that,” Eriksen says, “you’re someone who knows the entire area extremely well. You’re not just moving around an unknown landscape. You don’t just hope you can find a reindeer that day. You plan. You know where the reindeer will come next year.” It’s a theory that archaeologists have kicked around for a while, but she says this wall helps confirm it may have been true in prehistoric Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, the area was flooded, forming the Baltic Sea we know today and submerging this piece of hunting architecture under the water. [aside postID=news_11974327 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/GettyImages-1693228262-1020x685.jpg']\u003ca href=\"https://sites.lsa.umich.edu/lakehuron-arch/lab-members/ashley-lemke-2/\">Ashley Lemke\u003c/a>, an underwater archaeologist at the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, was not involved in the study. She says the research was strong — and performed under challenging circumstances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know this personally — working underwater is not easy,” says Lemke, who has discovered similar stone walls in Lake Huron, one of the Great Lakes beside Michigan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lemke explains that these results reinforce the argument that people living during the Stone Age were more sophisticated and nuanced than we tend to give them credit for. “We always think of them on the brink of starvation, trying to scrape a living out of the landscape. And that’s just not true,” she says. Instead, “people in Europe were building things before Stonehenge, before these more classical structures that we think of.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is actually really early examples of almost animal domestication,” Lemke continues. “Like before you start keeping animals in pens permanently, you’re kind of making fences to hunt them, which I think is really interesting.” This practice may have eventually led to livestock herding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To confirm this wall was made by prehistoric people and used to hunt, the researchers will need more archaeological evidence of hunting-related activity. Berit Eriksen says such clues should be there, given the hunters would have had to wait for the reindeer to show up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’d have to eat while you’re there so you can see if there are small bits of charcoal,” she says. It may be possible to excavate arrowheads or ancient DNA. In addition, “they would have defecated,” Eriksen says. “So you can find stuff — traces of people — if you’re lucky.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the fall of 2021, \u003ca href=\"https://www.io-warnemuende.de/jacob-geersen-en.html\">Jacob Geersen\u003c/a>, a marine geologist now at the Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, was teaching a one-week field course at the University of Kiel. The class was conducted entirely aboard a research vessel on the Baltic Sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geersen prefers the open-air classroom. “It’s quite intense,” he says, but for some of the students, “it’s maybe the best time during their studies.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>During the night shift each evening, students mapped the shape of the seafloor at high resolution. “Usually, if we go somewhere and do these measurements,” Geersen says, “then we find something interesting.” This research cruise proved no exception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One night, in the Bay of Mecklenburg, off the coast of northern Germany, the students fired up the echo sounders and mapped a swath of seafloor. “The next day, we downloaded the data,” Geersen says. “And it was then when we were sitting together, we saw that there was something on the seafloor. It was something special.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They didn’t know it at the time, but not quite 70 feet below the surface, they’d stumbled upon a stone wall more than half a mile long that dated back to the Stone Age — one of the oldest such megastructures on the planet. In research published in \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2312008121\">\u003cem>PNAS\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, Geersen and his colleagues say this piece of ancient hunting architecture may have been used to corral and hunt reindeer, adding a level of sophistication to the prehistoric hunter-gatherers who lived 10,000 to 11,000 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Blinkerwall is revealed\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Geersen was used to seeing rocks and stones show up on the echosounder as bumpy anomalies scattered across the bottom of the Baltic Sea, left behind when the glaciers retreated from northern Europe thousands of years ago. But back aboard that vessel in the Bay of Mecklenburg, he could already tell that what he was seeing was different.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You saw there is something that kind of meanders through the map,” Geersen says. It was a ridge that ran for six-tenths of a mile. “I thought it’s very likely that these are rocks, one next to the other, lined up,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year later, Geersen, his colleagues and a new batch of students returned to that same site. They lowered a camera down and confirmed this ridge was made up of thousands of rocks that formed a kind of wall standing about 1.5 feet tall on average. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It’s usually small stones — like tennis or soccer ball size — so movable stones,” Geersen says. “But then, at some places where we have a large stone, the direction of the wall changes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geersen didn’t know how such a structure, which the researchers dubbed the “Blinkerwall” after a nearby underwater mound called Blinker Hill, could have formed naturally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was only when we went to the archaeologists that they said, ‘You may have found something very significant,'” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was probably the most skeptical of the entire team,” recalls \u003ca href=\"https://zbsa.eu/en/berit-eriksen/\">Berit Eriksen\u003c/a>, a prehistoric archaeologist at the University of Kiel who \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfb1266.uni-kiel.de/en/projects/cluster-b-complex-foragers/b1-pioneers-of-the-north?set_language=en\">studies\u003c/a> the people who arrived in northern Europe when the glaciers retreated after the last Ice Age 10,000 to 20,000 years ago. When she examined the structure from the Bay of Mecklenburg, a line from Sherlock Holmes came to mind: “When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Archaeologists never speak of ‘truth,'” Eriksen says, “but I’m running out of things to eliminate in terms of natural stuff. That’s my problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eriksen reviewed the data and became increasingly convinced that the structure was made by prehistoric humans who’d used lots of smaller stones to connect the larger, unmovable rocks into a wall. “I don’t believe in UFOs, so it’s got to be manmade,” she concludes. She and the other archaeologists on the project agreed that the wall was likely used by hunter-gatherers 10,000 to 11,000 years ago during the Stone Age to help them herd and hunt reindeer by the hundreds.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How to hunt hundreds of reindeer in the Stone Age\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“The only way you can kill this amount of reindeer is if you drive them into a shooting blind if you cut them off at the pass somewhere,” Eriksen says. And reindeer are known to follow these kinds of stone walls naturally, even stout ones like the Blinkerwall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There would have been water at the other side,” Eriksen says. So, the reindeer would have become trapped between the wall and the water, allowing the hunters lying in wait to fire their arrows at the reindeer. Eriksen says these prehistoric people were nomadic, but this wall suggests they may have had a regular migration route, one that would have brought them back to this spot year after year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you build a structure like that,” Eriksen says, “you’re someone who knows the entire area extremely well. You’re not just moving around an unknown landscape. You don’t just hope you can find a reindeer that day. You plan. You know where the reindeer will come next year.” It’s a theory that archaeologists have kicked around for a while, but she says this wall helps confirm it may have been true in prehistoric Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, the area was flooded, forming the Baltic Sea we know today and submerging this piece of hunting architecture under the water. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sites.lsa.umich.edu/lakehuron-arch/lab-members/ashley-lemke-2/\">Ashley Lemke\u003c/a>, an underwater archaeologist at the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, was not involved in the study. She says the research was strong — and performed under challenging circumstances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know this personally — working underwater is not easy,” says Lemke, who has discovered similar stone walls in Lake Huron, one of the Great Lakes beside Michigan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lemke explains that these results reinforce the argument that people living during the Stone Age were more sophisticated and nuanced than we tend to give them credit for. “We always think of them on the brink of starvation, trying to scrape a living out of the landscape. And that’s just not true,” she says. Instead, “people in Europe were building things before Stonehenge, before these more classical structures that we think of.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is actually really early examples of almost animal domestication,” Lemke continues. “Like before you start keeping animals in pens permanently, you’re kind of making fences to hunt them, which I think is really interesting.” This practice may have eventually led to livestock herding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To confirm this wall was made by prehistoric people and used to hunt, the researchers will need more archaeological evidence of hunting-related activity. Berit Eriksen says such clues should be there, given the hunters would have had to wait for the reindeer to show up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’d have to eat while you’re there so you can see if there are small bits of charcoal,” she says. It may be possible to excavate arrowheads or ancient DNA. In addition, “they would have defecated,” Eriksen says. “So you can find stuff — traces of people — if you’re lucky.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The speed limit in front of Linwood Holton Elementary School in Richmond, Virginia, is 25 miles per hour at drop-off and dismissal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Tara FitzPatrick says it’s not unusual to see drivers doing twice that. And she has the receipts to prove it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So he officially hit the school zone doing 50 miles an hour through a crosswalk,” FitzPatrick says, pointing her radar gun at a gray Chevrolet SUV flying by in the left lane.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is \u003ca href=\"https://www.vpm.org/news/2023-11-10/speed-camera-linwood-holton-patrick-henry-richmond\">one of two schools in Richmond where the city has installed new enforcement cameras\u003c/a> to catch speeders. FitzPatrick has two children at the school. She’s also a traffic safety advocate for the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://grfit4kids.org/\">Greater Richmond Fit4Kids\u003c/a>, which is why she owns a radar gun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11956244]Still, FitzPatrick has mixed feelings about the speed cameras. She’d rather see the whole street redesigned to discourage speeding and protect pedestrians and bicyclists. But she also knows that won’t happen anytime soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of us feel desperate” to make streets safer,” FitzPatrick says. “If I could make a quick fix tomorrow, it would not be any type of speed enforcement. It would not be school zone speed enforcement cameras. But that’s the option that we’re left with at this point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Advocates say speeding tickets change behavior\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Richmond joins a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=112886619\">growing list of cities turning to speed cameras\u003c/a>. New laws \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11956244/controversial-speeding-ticket-cameras-could-come-to-3-bay-area-cities-under-proposed-california-bill\">in California\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://whyy.org/articles/philadelphia-speed-cameras-roosevelt-boulevard-safety/\">Pennsylvania will allow them\u003c/a> in major cities where they’ve long been blocked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/06/1216557190/car-crash-accident-speeding-technology-slow-down-speed-assistance\">Traffic fatalities have risen sharply over the past decade\u003c/a>, and safety advocates around the country are desperately searching for anything that will get drivers to slow down. However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/why-automated-speed-cameras-disproportionately-affect-black-and-brown-drivers\">critics say speed cameras can financially burden those who are least able to pay\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, they’ve earned the endorsement of prominent safety advocates, including Jonathan Adkins, the CEO of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ghsa.org/\">Governors Highway Safety Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Automated enforcement works,” Adkins says. “For lack of a better term, it sucks to get a ticket. It changes your behavior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police departments in many places have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/04/06/1167980495/americas-roads-are-more-dangerous-as-police-pull-over-fewer-drivers\">scaled back\u003c/a> their traffic enforcement, Adkins says, and speeding and reckless driving seem to worsen. He says automated cameras can help fill that void.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The question is, how do we deploy them in a fair and equitable way with the public support?” Adkins says. “It can’t be a gotcha, it can’t be a surprise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Skeptics say speed cameras are a cash grab\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>No one likes getting a speeding ticket. But the objections to automated traffic enforcement go deeper than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are very skeptical that safety is the real goal,” says Jay Beeber with the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.motorists.org/\">National Motorists Association\u003c/a>, a driver advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other ways to get drivers to slow down, Beeber says, including speed feedback signs that show drivers how fast they’re going in real time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s many ways to get greater compliance,” Beeber says. But many cities are focused on speeding cameras “because they do not want to lose the money from the tickets they are issuing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Safety advocates have touted automated enforcement as a neutral alternative to police stops, which can be potentially biased by race, and as a way to reduce unnecessary interactions between police and communities of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Traffic Safety' link1='https://www.kqed.org/news/11903812/traffic-deaths-in-california-are-on-the-rise-heres-how-la-and-other-big-cities-are-trying-to-change-that,Traffic Deaths in California Are on the Rise. How LA and Other Big Cities Are Trying to Change That' link2='https://video.kqed.org/video/speed-cameras-1688845910/,Why Black and Brown Drivers Bear the Brunt of Speed Cameras' link3='https://www.kqed.org/news/11926357/despite-privacy-concerns-san-francisco-supervisors-expand-police-access-to-live-camera-feeds,Despite Privacy Concerns, San Francisco Supervisors Expand Police Access to Live Camera Feeds']But in practice, that hasn’t always been the case. Studies in \u003ca href=\"https://finesandfeesjusticecenter.org/articles/predominantly-black-neighborhoods-in-d-c-bear-the-brunt-of-automated-traffic-enforcement/\">Washington, D.C.\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://indigo.uic.edu/articles/report/Red_Light_and_Speed_Cameras_Analyzing_the_Equity_and_Efficacy_of_Chicago_s_Automated_Camera_Enforcement_Program/22184059\">Chicago \u003c/a>show that tickets from automated enforcement are paid disproportionately by people of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Automated enforcement has become a significant revenue driver for the city,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.equiticity.com/oboi\">Olatunji Oboi Reed\u003c/a>, who runs a nonprofit in Chicago called Equiticity. “And it’s financially harmful to Black and brown people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, Reed says, Chicago has failed to fix some of the most dangerous intersections or to redesign roads to discourage speeding and encourage biking or public transportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only solution we get is automated enforcement,” Reed says. “That’s not a failure of Black people who speed and run red lights. That’s a failure of the transportation sector in Chicago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>New laws expand the reach of cameras\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Speed camera advocates insist they’ve learned from those mistakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to make sure that our cities have all the tools that are effective that they need to stop the carnage,” says Laura Friedman, a state assemblywoman in California who \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB645\">sponsored the state law authorizing automated cameras\u003c/a> as part of a pilot program in six cities across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friedman, who was formerly the mayor of Glendale, California, says local communities will be involved in choosing locations for those cameras.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We make sure it can’t be a money grab because the money can only be used for physical speed-lowering improvements on the same streets where you’re using the cameras,” she says. “So it’s really about changing the culture and slowing traffic down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speed cameras have been used \u003ca href=\"https://project.wnyc.org/speed-cameras/\">for over a decade in New York City\u003c/a>, and safety advocates there say they’ve worked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is really a model to other cities about how automated enforcement can roll out equitably,” says Danny Harris, the executive director of the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://transalt.org/\">Transportation Alternatives\u003c/a>, “because of the way it’s rolled out across the city.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cameras have succeeded in changing drivers’ behavior, Harris argues, noting that drivers who get a first ticket are 60% less likely to get a second one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It should be very easy,” Harris says. “If you don’t want a ticket, don’t speed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">npr.org.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The speed limit in front of Linwood Holton Elementary School in Richmond, Virginia, is 25 miles per hour at drop-off and dismissal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Tara FitzPatrick says it’s not unusual to see drivers doing twice that. And she has the receipts to prove it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So he officially hit the school zone doing 50 miles an hour through a crosswalk,” FitzPatrick says, pointing her radar gun at a gray Chevrolet SUV flying by in the left lane.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is \u003ca href=\"https://www.vpm.org/news/2023-11-10/speed-camera-linwood-holton-patrick-henry-richmond\">one of two schools in Richmond where the city has installed new enforcement cameras\u003c/a> to catch speeders. FitzPatrick has two children at the school. She’s also a traffic safety advocate for the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://grfit4kids.org/\">Greater Richmond Fit4Kids\u003c/a>, which is why she owns a radar gun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Still, FitzPatrick has mixed feelings about the speed cameras. She’d rather see the whole street redesigned to discourage speeding and protect pedestrians and bicyclists. But she also knows that won’t happen anytime soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of us feel desperate” to make streets safer,” FitzPatrick says. “If I could make a quick fix tomorrow, it would not be any type of speed enforcement. It would not be school zone speed enforcement cameras. But that’s the option that we’re left with at this point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Advocates say speeding tickets change behavior\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Richmond joins a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=112886619\">growing list of cities turning to speed cameras\u003c/a>. New laws \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11956244/controversial-speeding-ticket-cameras-could-come-to-3-bay-area-cities-under-proposed-california-bill\">in California\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://whyy.org/articles/philadelphia-speed-cameras-roosevelt-boulevard-safety/\">Pennsylvania will allow them\u003c/a> in major cities where they’ve long been blocked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/06/1216557190/car-crash-accident-speeding-technology-slow-down-speed-assistance\">Traffic fatalities have risen sharply over the past decade\u003c/a>, and safety advocates around the country are desperately searching for anything that will get drivers to slow down. However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/why-automated-speed-cameras-disproportionately-affect-black-and-brown-drivers\">critics say speed cameras can financially burden those who are least able to pay\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, they’ve earned the endorsement of prominent safety advocates, including Jonathan Adkins, the CEO of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ghsa.org/\">Governors Highway Safety Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Automated enforcement works,” Adkins says. “For lack of a better term, it sucks to get a ticket. It changes your behavior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police departments in many places have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/04/06/1167980495/americas-roads-are-more-dangerous-as-police-pull-over-fewer-drivers\">scaled back\u003c/a> their traffic enforcement, Adkins says, and speeding and reckless driving seem to worsen. He says automated cameras can help fill that void.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The question is, how do we deploy them in a fair and equitable way with the public support?” Adkins says. “It can’t be a gotcha, it can’t be a surprise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Skeptics say speed cameras are a cash grab\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>No one likes getting a speeding ticket. But the objections to automated traffic enforcement go deeper than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are very skeptical that safety is the real goal,” says Jay Beeber with the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.motorists.org/\">National Motorists Association\u003c/a>, a driver advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other ways to get drivers to slow down, Beeber says, including speed feedback signs that show drivers how fast they’re going in real time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s many ways to get greater compliance,” Beeber says. But many cities are focused on speeding cameras “because they do not want to lose the money from the tickets they are issuing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Safety advocates have touted automated enforcement as a neutral alternative to police stops, which can be potentially biased by race, and as a way to reduce unnecessary interactions between police and communities of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But in practice, that hasn’t always been the case. Studies in \u003ca href=\"https://finesandfeesjusticecenter.org/articles/predominantly-black-neighborhoods-in-d-c-bear-the-brunt-of-automated-traffic-enforcement/\">Washington, D.C.\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://indigo.uic.edu/articles/report/Red_Light_and_Speed_Cameras_Analyzing_the_Equity_and_Efficacy_of_Chicago_s_Automated_Camera_Enforcement_Program/22184059\">Chicago \u003c/a>show that tickets from automated enforcement are paid disproportionately by people of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Automated enforcement has become a significant revenue driver for the city,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.equiticity.com/oboi\">Olatunji Oboi Reed\u003c/a>, who runs a nonprofit in Chicago called Equiticity. “And it’s financially harmful to Black and brown people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, Reed says, Chicago has failed to fix some of the most dangerous intersections or to redesign roads to discourage speeding and encourage biking or public transportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only solution we get is automated enforcement,” Reed says. “That’s not a failure of Black people who speed and run red lights. That’s a failure of the transportation sector in Chicago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>New laws expand the reach of cameras\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Speed camera advocates insist they’ve learned from those mistakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to make sure that our cities have all the tools that are effective that they need to stop the carnage,” says Laura Friedman, a state assemblywoman in California who \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB645\">sponsored the state law authorizing automated cameras\u003c/a> as part of a pilot program in six cities across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friedman, who was formerly the mayor of Glendale, California, says local communities will be involved in choosing locations for those cameras.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We make sure it can’t be a money grab because the money can only be used for physical speed-lowering improvements on the same streets where you’re using the cameras,” she says. “So it’s really about changing the culture and slowing traffic down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speed cameras have been used \u003ca href=\"https://project.wnyc.org/speed-cameras/\">for over a decade in New York City\u003c/a>, and safety advocates there say they’ve worked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is really a model to other cities about how automated enforcement can roll out equitably,” says Danny Harris, the executive director of the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://transalt.org/\">Transportation Alternatives\u003c/a>, “because of the way it’s rolled out across the city.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cameras have succeeded in changing drivers’ behavior, Harris argues, noting that drivers who get a first ticket are 60% less likely to get a second one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It should be very easy,” Harris says. “If you don’t want a ticket, don’t speed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">npr.org.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Across the United States, empty office buildings are leaving once-bustling downtown areas with less foot traffic and are forcing experts, residents and officials to figure out what exactly will happen with these vacant structures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://cw-gbl-gws-prod.azureedge.net/-/media/cw/marketbeat-pdfs/2023/q4/us-reports/office/us_office_marketbeat_q4-2023.pdf?rev=1c7acb477abe4e89b557c770f643bd10\">recent study from the real estate firm Cushman & Wakefield\u003c/a> found that about a fifth of U.S. office space was vacant as of the end of last year. The vacancy rate varies, with cities like Los Angeles, Houston and Cincinnati hovering around 25% and cities like Savannah, Georgia, and Naples, Florida coming in under 5%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The high vacancy rate is about more than just the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/08/1230211370/empty-office-buildings-litter-cities-but-real-estate-expert-says-expect-change-s\">shift to a work-from-home culture because of the COVID-19 pandemic\u003c/a>, according to David Smith, the head of Americas Insights at Cushman & Wakefield, who authored the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really four factors over the last few years that have impacted office occupancy,” he told NPR. “One is we’ve had a lot of economic uncertainty going back to 2020 and early 2021 and then, again, certainly over the last year as interest rates have risen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith also factors in remote and hybrid work, the surplus of new constructions more appealing to office seekers and a pivot to subleased space to help offset the costs of owning office real estate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite these challenges, Smith is optimistic that vacancy is reaching a peak and that a return to office spaces is imminent for two main reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One is we expect to see job growth accelerate when we head into 2025 and beyond and that office-using industries, in particular, will take up a disproportionate share of new jobs that are created,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And two, we’re tracking several hundred different companies and their policies around in-office work. And all of them, if they’ve changed their policies over the last couple of years, are actually moving towards having people in more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>An uncertain return to the office\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The debate around return-to-office policies has been playing out for well over a year now as bosses and workers navigate what a post-pandemic world should look like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the private sector, in-office requirements were becoming stricter, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/09/01/1196731284/return-to-office-rto-hybrid-remote-work-from-home-zoom\">NPR’s Andrea Hsu reported in September\u003c/a>, echoing what Smith’s policy tracking has found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11955554 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230630100-Van-Ness-MB-KQED-1020x453.jpg']“What we’ve found is, people have enjoyed coming back to the office,” Zoom’s chief people officer, Matthew Saxon, said last year. “There is a buzz. There’s something about being able to go have lunch with your teammates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zoom is just one company on a growing list that is veering away from remote work by bumping up weekly mandatory days in the office for employees. Some other companies have started requiring employees to move near office hubs and have begun eliminating fully remote positions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is despite some workers reporting higher levels of job satisfaction, work-life balance and productivity when given the choice between working remotely or in the office, and some researchers saying that an \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/01/30/1227828564/has-remote-work-really-been-tragic-for-big-companies-bottom-lines\">in-office presence has not helped big companies make more money\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A possible pivot away from office space altogether\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As the U.S. faces a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/24/1221480443/most-homes-for-sale-in-2023-were-not-affordable-for-a-typical-u-s-household\">well-documented housing problem\u003c/a> and as \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/05/16/1174938708/commercial-real-estate-property-offices-work-from-home-remote-work\">office-building landlords face a vacancy crisis\u003c/a>, some people have begun exploring whether there could be a mutually beneficial resolution for the two groups — converting empty buildings into residential housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11976145\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 2500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11976145\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240215-100-Van-Ness-DIPTYCH-MD-01.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2500\" height=\"824\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240215-100-Van-Ness-DIPTYCH-MD-01.jpg 2500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240215-100-Van-Ness-DIPTYCH-MD-01-800x264.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240215-100-Van-Ness-DIPTYCH-MD-01-1020x336.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240215-100-Van-Ness-DIPTYCH-MD-01-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240215-100-Van-Ness-DIPTYCH-MD-01-1536x506.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240215-100-Van-Ness-DIPTYCH-MD-01-2048x675.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240215-100-Van-Ness-DIPTYCH-MD-01-1920x633.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Left: The 100 Van Ness building in San Francisco, which was built in 1974, was converted from office space to residential apartment units in 2012. Right: The kitchen and living space of a converted apartment unit at 100 Van Ness, on June 30, 2023. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San Francisco officials, for example, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11955554/could-empty-offices-in-san-francisco-be-converted-to-homes\">relaxed rules for some office-to-residential conversions\u003c/a>. In Washington, D.C., the mayor \u003ca href=\"https://dcist.com/story/23/04/05/dc-bowser-budget-downtown-tax-breaks/\">proposed bigger tax breaks for office conversions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet converting spaces has proved \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/24/1189403058/downtown-real-estate-housing-offices\">expensive, complicated and time-consuming\u003c/a>, with the process often also steeped in bureaucracy. It’s also harder to do for buildings constructed after 1950, according to Robert Fuller of the architecture firm Gensler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of the kind of older prewar office buildings have already been converted and tend to work fairly well,” Fuller told NPR last year. “What we’re seeing now is a flood of buildings built in the ’50s, ’60s, ’70s, ’80s that were much deeper. The advent of air conditioning and fluorescent lighting allowed these much larger floor-plate buildings, and those tend to be a little bit more challenging.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Robert Fuller, architect and Residential leader, Gensler\"]‘A lot of the kind of older prewar office buildings have already been converted and tend to work fairly well. What we’re seeing now is a flood of buildings built in the ’50s, ’60s, ’70s, ’80s that were much deeper … and those tend to be a little bit more challenging.’[/pullquote]That’s because the center is often darker and doesn’t get sunlight, which makes conversion into homes harder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Cushman & Wakefield’s Smith, he said the office will continue to be part of the U.S. landscape for decades to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the long-term trajectory is that the office is a central part of the economy,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think this is an opportunity for the office market as well to redevelop itself. And actually, in 10 or 15 years, we’ll look back and the office market will have revolutionized itself in a really exciting way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The interview with David Smith was conducted by Sacha Pfeiffer, produced by Alejandra Marquez Janse and edited by Sarah Handel.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Across the United States, empty office buildings are leaving once-bustling downtown areas with less foot traffic and are forcing experts, residents and officials to figure out what exactly will happen with these vacant structures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://cw-gbl-gws-prod.azureedge.net/-/media/cw/marketbeat-pdfs/2023/q4/us-reports/office/us_office_marketbeat_q4-2023.pdf?rev=1c7acb477abe4e89b557c770f643bd10\">recent study from the real estate firm Cushman & Wakefield\u003c/a> found that about a fifth of U.S. office space was vacant as of the end of last year. The vacancy rate varies, with cities like Los Angeles, Houston and Cincinnati hovering around 25% and cities like Savannah, Georgia, and Naples, Florida coming in under 5%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The high vacancy rate is about more than just the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/08/1230211370/empty-office-buildings-litter-cities-but-real-estate-expert-says-expect-change-s\">shift to a work-from-home culture because of the COVID-19 pandemic\u003c/a>, according to David Smith, the head of Americas Insights at Cushman & Wakefield, who authored the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really four factors over the last few years that have impacted office occupancy,” he told NPR. “One is we’ve had a lot of economic uncertainty going back to 2020 and early 2021 and then, again, certainly over the last year as interest rates have risen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith also factors in remote and hybrid work, the surplus of new constructions more appealing to office seekers and a pivot to subleased space to help offset the costs of owning office real estate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite these challenges, Smith is optimistic that vacancy is reaching a peak and that a return to office spaces is imminent for two main reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One is we expect to see job growth accelerate when we head into 2025 and beyond and that office-using industries, in particular, will take up a disproportionate share of new jobs that are created,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And two, we’re tracking several hundred different companies and their policies around in-office work. And all of them, if they’ve changed their policies over the last couple of years, are actually moving towards having people in more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>An uncertain return to the office\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The debate around return-to-office policies has been playing out for well over a year now as bosses and workers navigate what a post-pandemic world should look like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the private sector, in-office requirements were becoming stricter, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/09/01/1196731284/return-to-office-rto-hybrid-remote-work-from-home-zoom\">NPR’s Andrea Hsu reported in September\u003c/a>, echoing what Smith’s policy tracking has found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“What we’ve found is, people have enjoyed coming back to the office,” Zoom’s chief people officer, Matthew Saxon, said last year. “There is a buzz. There’s something about being able to go have lunch with your teammates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zoom is just one company on a growing list that is veering away from remote work by bumping up weekly mandatory days in the office for employees. Some other companies have started requiring employees to move near office hubs and have begun eliminating fully remote positions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is despite some workers reporting higher levels of job satisfaction, work-life balance and productivity when given the choice between working remotely or in the office, and some researchers saying that an \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/01/30/1227828564/has-remote-work-really-been-tragic-for-big-companies-bottom-lines\">in-office presence has not helped big companies make more money\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A possible pivot away from office space altogether\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As the U.S. faces a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/24/1221480443/most-homes-for-sale-in-2023-were-not-affordable-for-a-typical-u-s-household\">well-documented housing problem\u003c/a> and as \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/05/16/1174938708/commercial-real-estate-property-offices-work-from-home-remote-work\">office-building landlords face a vacancy crisis\u003c/a>, some people have begun exploring whether there could be a mutually beneficial resolution for the two groups — converting empty buildings into residential housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11976145\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 2500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11976145\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240215-100-Van-Ness-DIPTYCH-MD-01.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2500\" height=\"824\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240215-100-Van-Ness-DIPTYCH-MD-01.jpg 2500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240215-100-Van-Ness-DIPTYCH-MD-01-800x264.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240215-100-Van-Ness-DIPTYCH-MD-01-1020x336.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240215-100-Van-Ness-DIPTYCH-MD-01-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240215-100-Van-Ness-DIPTYCH-MD-01-1536x506.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240215-100-Van-Ness-DIPTYCH-MD-01-2048x675.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240215-100-Van-Ness-DIPTYCH-MD-01-1920x633.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Left: The 100 Van Ness building in San Francisco, which was built in 1974, was converted from office space to residential apartment units in 2012. Right: The kitchen and living space of a converted apartment unit at 100 Van Ness, on June 30, 2023. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San Francisco officials, for example, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11955554/could-empty-offices-in-san-francisco-be-converted-to-homes\">relaxed rules for some office-to-residential conversions\u003c/a>. In Washington, D.C., the mayor \u003ca href=\"https://dcist.com/story/23/04/05/dc-bowser-budget-downtown-tax-breaks/\">proposed bigger tax breaks for office conversions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet converting spaces has proved \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/24/1189403058/downtown-real-estate-housing-offices\">expensive, complicated and time-consuming\u003c/a>, with the process often also steeped in bureaucracy. It’s also harder to do for buildings constructed after 1950, according to Robert Fuller of the architecture firm Gensler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of the kind of older prewar office buildings have already been converted and tend to work fairly well,” Fuller told NPR last year. “What we’re seeing now is a flood of buildings built in the ’50s, ’60s, ’70s, ’80s that were much deeper. The advent of air conditioning and fluorescent lighting allowed these much larger floor-plate buildings, and those tend to be a little bit more challenging.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘A lot of the kind of older prewar office buildings have already been converted and tend to work fairly well. What we’re seeing now is a flood of buildings built in the ’50s, ’60s, ’70s, ’80s that were much deeper … and those tend to be a little bit more challenging.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>That’s because the center is often darker and doesn’t get sunlight, which makes conversion into homes harder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Cushman & Wakefield’s Smith, he said the office will continue to be part of the U.S. landscape for decades to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the long-term trajectory is that the office is a central part of the economy,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think this is an opportunity for the office market as well to redevelop itself. And actually, in 10 or 15 years, we’ll look back and the office market will have revolutionized itself in a really exciting way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The interview with David Smith was conducted by Sacha Pfeiffer, produced by Alejandra Marquez Janse and edited by Sarah Handel.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "A California Border Community Sees a Dip in Immigration. Where Have All the People Gone?",
"headTitle": "A California Border Community Sees a Dip in Immigration. Where Have All the People Gone? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>A little over a month ago, the small California community of Jacumba, on the U.S.-Mexico border, was a scene of chaos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds — sometimes as many as a thousand — migrants, including children, were stuck in open-air camps for hours and even days on end to await processing by U.S. Customs and Border Protection. They had little access to water, food, shelter or even bathrooms. Local townspeople told NPR they felt overwhelmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re seeing seizures, diabetic emergencies, broken bones, burns, lots of burns,” said local resident and volunteer Karen Parker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Sam Schultz, volunteer and local resident\"]‘Up until a week ago we were having people dropped off in the camps all during the day and night. At this point the numbers are just 10% of what they were before.’[/pullquote]Just a few weeks later, the situation in Jacumba has changed dramatically. The camp is still there, and those inside are no less desperate. But the numbers are down sharply, and local residents say that is just part of the story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When NPR returned to Jacumba earlier this month following \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/11/21/1213597119/border-patrol-migrants-unofficial-camps-jacumba-california-desert\">an investigation last year into unofficial migrant detention camps\u003c/a>, it was much colder. In one of the camps, a few feet away from the U.S.-Mexico border wall, amidst piles of trash, several dozen families, including small children, huddled around crackling makeshift bonfires. Kurdish, Mexican, Bangladeshi, Colombian and Dominican families spoke about how they had crossed the border a few hours earlier and were waiting to be taken by border agents for processing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As she tried to warm up by the fire, a woman named Eli sobbed while remembering her son, who she said was killed recently by a drug cartel in Zacatecas, Mexico, where she’s from. She fled with six family members. They asked that we withhold their last name, for fear of retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All we want is to stay together, and stay alive,” Eli said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11973987\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11973987\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4778_small_custom-f40f92a2ab0abb4939270c9d7f6a30dc3addeda6-s1600-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1065\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4778_small_custom-f40f92a2ab0abb4939270c9d7f6a30dc3addeda6-s1600-c85-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4778_small_custom-f40f92a2ab0abb4939270c9d7f6a30dc3addeda6-s1600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4778_small_custom-f40f92a2ab0abb4939270c9d7f6a30dc3addeda6-s1600-c85-copy-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4778_small_custom-f40f92a2ab0abb4939270c9d7f6a30dc3addeda6-s1600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4778_small_custom-f40f92a2ab0abb4939270c9d7f6a30dc3addeda6-s1600-c85-copy-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Open Air Detention Camps had as many as 1000 people at a time waiting for processing back in December 2023, but recently there’s been a significant decrease. \u003ccite>(Ash Ponders for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At sunrise, Border Patrol arrived. An agent instructed everyone to put out their bonfires. And a bus took everyone for processing. Once they left, the camp was deserted, just piles of trash, empty makeshift tents and some smoldering fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Eli, would-be asylum seeker\"]‘All we want is to stay together, and stay alive.’[/pullquote]CBP declined to address specific questions about the Jacumba camp, but following NPR’s investigation in November the agency provided a statement saying that its “officers and agents prioritize the health and safety of all those they encounter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Locals say the decrease in border crossings and people being held at the camps, started around early January, and came practically overnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Up until a week ago we were having people dropped off in the camps all during the day and night,” said volunteer and local resident Sam Schultz. “At this point the numbers are just 10% of what they were before.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv id=\"res1227143164\" class=\"bucketwrap image x-large\">\n\u003cdiv data-crop-type=\"\">\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11973991\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11973991\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4910_small_custom-a9277699b53a00f6f37d3c41cc01509c8b04d404-s1600-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1065\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4910_small_custom-a9277699b53a00f6f37d3c41cc01509c8b04d404-s1600-c85-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4910_small_custom-a9277699b53a00f6f37d3c41cc01509c8b04d404-s1600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4910_small_custom-a9277699b53a00f6f37d3c41cc01509c8b04d404-s1600-c85-copy-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4910_small_custom-a9277699b53a00f6f37d3c41cc01509c8b04d404-s1600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4910_small_custom-a9277699b53a00f6f37d3c41cc01509c8b04d404-s1600-c85-copy-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Would-be asylum seekers await processing by Border Patrol agents. \u003ccite>(Ash Ponders for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv data-crop-type=\"\">What Schultz described has happened along the border. A spike in unauthorized crossings in December, followed, government sources say, by a dip in January.\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv data-crop-type=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv data-crop-type=\"\">\n\u003cp>U.S. officials have told NPR that the dip is related to a series of meetings in late December between the Mexican government and White House officials regarding immigration enforcement. Nothing official was announced following the meetings — in fact Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador publicly criticized U.S. immigration policy after the meetings, saying that only addressing the root causes of migration (poverty, violence, repression) can work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Sam Schultz, volunteer and local resident\"]‘I’ve seen them actually arresting people on the side, and taking them away. Yeah. They’re there.’[/pullquote]But, official sources have told NPR that the Mexican National Guard is ramping up its enforcement. Suddenly, you can see them from Jacumba on the other side of the border fence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve seen them now very often,” said Schultz. “I’ve seen them actually arresting people on the side, and taking them away. Yeah. They’re there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would hardly be the first time that Mexico has increased immigration enforcement following pressure from the U.S. It was a strategy during both the Trump and Obama administrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But advocates say historically, it’s a strategy that simply pushes desperate people to cross through more dangerous routes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11973995\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11973995\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-5098_small_custom-98a2e944e7b20460647ac132d9e617b3960c4a09-s1600-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1065\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-5098_small_custom-98a2e944e7b20460647ac132d9e617b3960c4a09-s1600-c85-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-5098_small_custom-98a2e944e7b20460647ac132d9e617b3960c4a09-s1600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-5098_small_custom-98a2e944e7b20460647ac132d9e617b3960c4a09-s1600-c85-copy-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-5098_small_custom-98a2e944e7b20460647ac132d9e617b3960c4a09-s1600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-5098_small_custom-98a2e944e7b20460647ac132d9e617b3960c4a09-s1600-c85-copy-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">US Customs and Border Patrol take face scans of each migrant in the field. This info is input into facial recognition systems that are used with the extensive camera arrays along the border. \u003ccite>(Ash Ponders for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The day after visiting the camps in Jacumba, NPR headed west to Otay, a 3,500-foot mountain that separates Mexico from San Diego. We were tagging along with a group called the\u003ca href=\"https://linktr.ee/borderlandsreliefcollective\"> Borderlands Relief Collective\u003c/a>, a humanitarian group that leaves water and first aid for migrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The landscape in Otay is distinctly different from Jacumba.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Joseph Hauser, volunteer\"]‘It is an arduous, dangerous trek. Where we’re gonna go is a path typically taken by people who are not looking to be found.’[/pullquote]“It is an arduous, dangerous trek,” explained volunteer Joseph Hauser. “Where we’re gonna go is a path typically taken by people who are not looking to be found.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hauser has been doing this work for about a year, but said “I’ve only really started running into people when we come out here in the last month, month and a half.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was still dark out when we started driving up the mountain, but we barely made it a few miles before being intercepted by two women and a toddler. They were from Nigeria and Guinea and had been hiking for around five hours. The mother was sobbing — her feet were starting to give out. The 3-year-old was quiet. It was freezing, and the aid workers worried the three of them might be in danger of hypothermia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11973997\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11973997\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-0612_small_custom-be8f6a449aca78434adf842360d3a86d170199bc-s1600-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1065\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-0612_small_custom-be8f6a449aca78434adf842360d3a86d170199bc-s1600-c85-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-0612_small_custom-be8f6a449aca78434adf842360d3a86d170199bc-s1600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-0612_small_custom-be8f6a449aca78434adf842360d3a86d170199bc-s1600-c85-copy-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-0612_small_custom-be8f6a449aca78434adf842360d3a86d170199bc-s1600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-0612_small_custom-be8f6a449aca78434adf842360d3a86d170199bc-s1600-c85-copy-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of humanitarian group Borderlands Relief Collective cache non-perishable food and hydration in areas commonly used by migrants walking through rugged terrain in the Otay Mountains south of Dulzura, San Diego County, Jan. 13, 2024. \u003ccite>(Ash Ponders for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As aid workers wrapped her in an emergency thermal blanket and gave her fluids, another family came down the mountain. They were from Ecuador and had a 6-year-old. They too had crossed overnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edwin didn’t want to provide his last name because his family was crossing without papers. “Look,” he said, “I’m scared. I’m scared that if I get caught, who will take care of them?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11973998\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11973998\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-9919_small_custom-6d67c9d2d66a53740a9145de55278eeac8eb6029-s1600-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1065\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-9919_small_custom-6d67c9d2d66a53740a9145de55278eeac8eb6029-s1600-c85-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-9919_small_custom-6d67c9d2d66a53740a9145de55278eeac8eb6029-s1600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-9919_small_custom-6d67c9d2d66a53740a9145de55278eeac8eb6029-s1600-c85-copy-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-9919_small_custom-6d67c9d2d66a53740a9145de55278eeac8eb6029-s1600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-9919_small_custom-6d67c9d2d66a53740a9145de55278eeac8eb6029-s1600-c85-copy-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of humanitarian group Borderlands Relief Collective attend to the wounds, hypothermia and hunger of migrants after the migrants have walked for roughly 7 hours through rugged terrain in the Otay Mountains on Jan. 13, 2024. \u003ccite>(Ash Ponders for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He said throughout his journey up north through Mexico there were forces from the Mexican National Guard. He said they just wanted bribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Edwin, would-be asylum-seeker\"]‘We kept hearing about how hard the border is getting. You could get deported. Too many people. So, we did this instead, and turned ourselves over to the will of God.’[/pullquote]Edwin said he was warned about the rough terrain that he and his family would have to endure, but that he felt an urgency to attempt the journey anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We kept hearing about how hard the border is getting. You could get deported. Too many people. So, we did this instead, and turned ourselves over to the will of God,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After volunteers tended to the migrants, we continued up the Otay mountain. The terrain got steeper and more slippery. About an hour later, in a crevice on the side of the mountain, there was an altar. It was filled with candles, rosaries, a bible, money offerings in foreign coinage and images of Saint Toribio Romo, patron saint of migrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the images contained this text: \u003cem>“Protect my family, now that I have had to leave them behind … allow me to come back home soon.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11973999\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11973999\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-0170_small_custom-34f696fad579f4ef2a75f9083426daba135c83eb-s1600-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1065\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-0170_small_custom-34f696fad579f4ef2a75f9083426daba135c83eb-s1600-c85-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-0170_small_custom-34f696fad579f4ef2a75f9083426daba135c83eb-s1600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-0170_small_custom-34f696fad579f4ef2a75f9083426daba135c83eb-s1600-c85-copy-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-0170_small_custom-34f696fad579f4ef2a75f9083426daba135c83eb-s1600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-0170_small_custom-34f696fad579f4ef2a75f9083426daba135c83eb-s1600-c85-copy-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Migrants, having walked for roughly 7 hours through rugged terrain in the Otay Mountains, celebrate their first taste of America south of Dulzura, San Diego County, on Jan. 13, 2024. \u003ccite>(Ash Ponders for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Locals say the decrease in border crossings and people being held at US Customs and Border Patrol camps started early January, and came practically overnight.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A little over a month ago, the small California community of Jacumba, on the U.S.-Mexico border, was a scene of chaos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds — sometimes as many as a thousand — migrants, including children, were stuck in open-air camps for hours and even days on end to await processing by U.S. Customs and Border Protection. They had little access to water, food, shelter or even bathrooms. Local townspeople told NPR they felt overwhelmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re seeing seizures, diabetic emergencies, broken bones, burns, lots of burns,” said local resident and volunteer Karen Parker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Up until a week ago we were having people dropped off in the camps all during the day and night. At this point the numbers are just 10% of what they were before.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Just a few weeks later, the situation in Jacumba has changed dramatically. The camp is still there, and those inside are no less desperate. But the numbers are down sharply, and local residents say that is just part of the story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When NPR returned to Jacumba earlier this month following \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/11/21/1213597119/border-patrol-migrants-unofficial-camps-jacumba-california-desert\">an investigation last year into unofficial migrant detention camps\u003c/a>, it was much colder. In one of the camps, a few feet away from the U.S.-Mexico border wall, amidst piles of trash, several dozen families, including small children, huddled around crackling makeshift bonfires. Kurdish, Mexican, Bangladeshi, Colombian and Dominican families spoke about how they had crossed the border a few hours earlier and were waiting to be taken by border agents for processing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As she tried to warm up by the fire, a woman named Eli sobbed while remembering her son, who she said was killed recently by a drug cartel in Zacatecas, Mexico, where she’s from. She fled with six family members. They asked that we withhold their last name, for fear of retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All we want is to stay together, and stay alive,” Eli said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11973987\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11973987\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4778_small_custom-f40f92a2ab0abb4939270c9d7f6a30dc3addeda6-s1600-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1065\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4778_small_custom-f40f92a2ab0abb4939270c9d7f6a30dc3addeda6-s1600-c85-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4778_small_custom-f40f92a2ab0abb4939270c9d7f6a30dc3addeda6-s1600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4778_small_custom-f40f92a2ab0abb4939270c9d7f6a30dc3addeda6-s1600-c85-copy-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4778_small_custom-f40f92a2ab0abb4939270c9d7f6a30dc3addeda6-s1600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4778_small_custom-f40f92a2ab0abb4939270c9d7f6a30dc3addeda6-s1600-c85-copy-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Open Air Detention Camps had as many as 1000 people at a time waiting for processing back in December 2023, but recently there’s been a significant decrease. \u003ccite>(Ash Ponders for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At sunrise, Border Patrol arrived. An agent instructed everyone to put out their bonfires. And a bus took everyone for processing. Once they left, the camp was deserted, just piles of trash, empty makeshift tents and some smoldering fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>CBP declined to address specific questions about the Jacumba camp, but following NPR’s investigation in November the agency provided a statement saying that its “officers and agents prioritize the health and safety of all those they encounter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Locals say the decrease in border crossings and people being held at the camps, started around early January, and came practically overnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Up until a week ago we were having people dropped off in the camps all during the day and night,” said volunteer and local resident Sam Schultz. “At this point the numbers are just 10% of what they were before.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv id=\"res1227143164\" class=\"bucketwrap image x-large\">\n\u003cdiv data-crop-type=\"\">\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11973991\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11973991\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4910_small_custom-a9277699b53a00f6f37d3c41cc01509c8b04d404-s1600-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1065\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4910_small_custom-a9277699b53a00f6f37d3c41cc01509c8b04d404-s1600-c85-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4910_small_custom-a9277699b53a00f6f37d3c41cc01509c8b04d404-s1600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4910_small_custom-a9277699b53a00f6f37d3c41cc01509c8b04d404-s1600-c85-copy-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4910_small_custom-a9277699b53a00f6f37d3c41cc01509c8b04d404-s1600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-4910_small_custom-a9277699b53a00f6f37d3c41cc01509c8b04d404-s1600-c85-copy-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Would-be asylum seekers await processing by Border Patrol agents. \u003ccite>(Ash Ponders for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv data-crop-type=\"\">What Schultz described has happened along the border. A spike in unauthorized crossings in December, followed, government sources say, by a dip in January.\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv data-crop-type=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv data-crop-type=\"\">\n\u003cp>U.S. officials have told NPR that the dip is related to a series of meetings in late December between the Mexican government and White House officials regarding immigration enforcement. Nothing official was announced following the meetings — in fact Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador publicly criticized U.S. immigration policy after the meetings, saying that only addressing the root causes of migration (poverty, violence, repression) can work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘I’ve seen them actually arresting people on the side, and taking them away. Yeah. They’re there.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But, official sources have told NPR that the Mexican National Guard is ramping up its enforcement. Suddenly, you can see them from Jacumba on the other side of the border fence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve seen them now very often,” said Schultz. “I’ve seen them actually arresting people on the side, and taking them away. Yeah. They’re there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would hardly be the first time that Mexico has increased immigration enforcement following pressure from the U.S. It was a strategy during both the Trump and Obama administrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But advocates say historically, it’s a strategy that simply pushes desperate people to cross through more dangerous routes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11973995\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11973995\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-5098_small_custom-98a2e944e7b20460647ac132d9e617b3960c4a09-s1600-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1065\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-5098_small_custom-98a2e944e7b20460647ac132d9e617b3960c4a09-s1600-c85-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-5098_small_custom-98a2e944e7b20460647ac132d9e617b3960c4a09-s1600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-5098_small_custom-98a2e944e7b20460647ac132d9e617b3960c4a09-s1600-c85-copy-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-5098_small_custom-98a2e944e7b20460647ac132d9e617b3960c4a09-s1600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-5098_small_custom-98a2e944e7b20460647ac132d9e617b3960c4a09-s1600-c85-copy-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">US Customs and Border Patrol take face scans of each migrant in the field. This info is input into facial recognition systems that are used with the extensive camera arrays along the border. \u003ccite>(Ash Ponders for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The day after visiting the camps in Jacumba, NPR headed west to Otay, a 3,500-foot mountain that separates Mexico from San Diego. We were tagging along with a group called the\u003ca href=\"https://linktr.ee/borderlandsreliefcollective\"> Borderlands Relief Collective\u003c/a>, a humanitarian group that leaves water and first aid for migrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The landscape in Otay is distinctly different from Jacumba.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘We kept hearing about how hard the border is getting. You could get deported. Too many people. So, we did this instead, and turned ourselves over to the will of God.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Edwin said he was warned about the rough terrain that he and his family would have to endure, but that he felt an urgency to attempt the journey anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We kept hearing about how hard the border is getting. You could get deported. Too many people. So, we did this instead, and turned ourselves over to the will of God,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After volunteers tended to the migrants, we continued up the Otay mountain. The terrain got steeper and more slippery. About an hour later, in a crevice on the side of the mountain, there was an altar. It was filled with candles, rosaries, a bible, money offerings in foreign coinage and images of Saint Toribio Romo, patron saint of migrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the images contained this text: \u003cem>“Protect my family, now that I have had to leave them behind … allow me to come back home soon.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11973999\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11973999\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-0170_small_custom-34f696fad579f4ef2a75f9083426daba135c83eb-s1600-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1065\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-0170_small_custom-34f696fad579f4ef2a75f9083426daba135c83eb-s1600-c85-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-0170_small_custom-34f696fad579f4ef2a75f9083426daba135c83eb-s1600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-0170_small_custom-34f696fad579f4ef2a75f9083426daba135c83eb-s1600-c85-copy-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-0170_small_custom-34f696fad579f4ef2a75f9083426daba135c83eb-s1600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/ponders-npr-campo-0170_small_custom-34f696fad579f4ef2a75f9083426daba135c83eb-s1600-c85-copy-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Migrants, having walked for roughly 7 hours through rugged terrain in the Otay Mountains, celebrate their first taste of America south of Dulzura, San Diego County, on Jan. 13, 2024. \u003ccite>(Ash Ponders for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
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"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
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"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
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