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"content": "\u003cp>Big changes are coming to the way people buy and sell houses in the United States. The National Association of Realtors settled a lawsuit last week that could up-end the way real estate agents are paid, doing away with the traditional agent’s commission of 5–6%. That’s prompting a reckoning for buyers, sellers and real estate agents. Here are six things to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What if you already sold a house?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As part of the settlement, the National Association of Realtors agreed to pay $418 million over the next four years. That’s in addition to $210 million that various brokerage firms had already agreed to pay. Lawyers will get a chunk of that money, but the rest will go to people who sold their homes in recent years and paid what critics argue were inflated real estate commissions. Eligibility depends on where you live, but in some parts of the country, the settlement covers people who sold homes as much as a decade ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know the exact number, but we estimate it to be in the neighborhood of 40 or 50 million” people, says Benjamin Brown, co-chair of the anti-trust practice at Cohen Milstein, one of the law firms involved in the class-action case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out if they’re entitled to compensation, sellers can check the lawyers’ website: \u003ca href=\"https://www.realestatecommissionlitigation.com/\">www.realestatecommissionlitigation.com\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How will this change real estate commissions?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For decades, the norm in this country has been for the person selling a home to pay both her own agent and the buyer’s agent. What’s more, the buyer’s share of that commission had to be spelled out in order to advertise the home on the big regional listing sites. Realtors insist they never fixed those commissions, but as a practical matter, the public notice worked to set a standard — often in the neighborhood of 5 or 6%, split between the seller’s agent and the buyer’s agent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11980019 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/GettyImages-1468009097-1020x680.jpg']For a home priced at $400,000 — which is close to the national average — that works out to $20,000 to $24,000 in commissions — much higher than people in other countries typically pay. In Germany, commissions average 4.5%. In the U.K., they’re under 2%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in July, sellers will no longer have to spell out a commission for the buyer’s agent. Advocates say that should lead to more negotiation, more competition and ultimately lower costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What increased negotiations mean for buyers and sellers?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There’s going to be more opportunity to shop around, and likely a wider array of services, from deluxe agents who charge a premium price to discount agents with more limited services — similar to what exists in other markets like stock brokers and travel agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sellers may be able to negotiate a flat fee to market their house, not connected to the selling price. Buyers may be able to purchase a la carte services — paying less if they do their own house-hunting on the Internet and more if they want to be chauffeured around to open houses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many sellers may decide not to pay the buyer’s agent, leaving buyers to shoulder that cost on their own, or go without an agent altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall expenses are expected to be significantly lower, however. Economists at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.richmondfed.org/publications/research/economic_brief/2024/eb_24-08\">Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond\u003c/a> estimate the changes could save homebuyers $30 billion a year, with most of those savings coming out of the pockets of real estate agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What does this mean for agents?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Agents are still sorting out what this might mean for their business. When fees are more negotiable, agents will have to make the case for what they’re worth. But the best agents feel like they do that already.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Kevin Wilson, president, Greater Nashville Realtors\"]‘Do I think that Realtors have to learn to do business in a different way? Absolutely. But I also think this is a wrinkle in the landscape. Not a landmine.’[/pullquote]“Do I think that Realtors have to learn to do business in a different way? Absolutely,” says Kevin Wilson, president of the Greater Nashville Realtors. “But I also think this is a wrinkle in the landscape. Not a landmine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A drop in commissions might drive some agents into other lines of work, but that’s not necessarily a bad thing. The U.S. has 2.5 to 3 million real estate agents — which is far more than any other country, relative to the size of its housing market. For example, the U.S. has about six times more home sales each year than the U.K. does, but 26 times more agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do we see agents that work with buyers start to phase out of the business because they’re just not getting as many clients?” asks Jovani Ortiz, an agent on Long Island. “These are sort of the unknowns that most agents are looking at right now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the commission pie is likely to shrink, it may be cut into fewer slices, so the remaining agents might end up making the same amount of money.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>With home prices and mortgage rates already high, how will homebuyers pay for their own agents?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While sellers have traditionally paid buyers’ agents in the U.S. (and built that expense into the sales price of their home), many sellers may opt not to pay buyers’ agents in the future. In that case, buyers will have to pay their own agent out of pocket, on top of a down payment and other closing costs. Finding thousands of dollars to pay an agent could be a challenge, especially for first-time buyers, who typically have limited funds and also the greatest need for an agent’s guidance. First-time buyers accounted for just 26% of existing home sales in February — tying a record low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Vanessa Perry, professor, George Washington University School of Business\"]‘Many first time buyers are already at the absolute max of what they’re able to borrow. They’re not going to be able to come up with any additional cash to pay their own agent’[/pullquote]“Many first time buyers are already at the absolute max of what they’re able to borrow,” says Vanessa Perry, a professor at George Washington University School of Business and a fellow at the Urban Institute’s Housing Policy Finance Center. “They’re not going to be able to come up with any additional cash to pay their own agent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>Home sellers could still agree through negotiation to pay the buyer’s agent. But in a hot housing market, sellers may have little incentive to do so. Eventually, buyers may be able to fold the cost of their agent’s commission into their mortgage, stretching the payments out over the life of the loan. But that will require a change in mortgage underwriting rules. Over time, lower real estate commissions should lead to somewhat lower housing prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What should people who are thinking of buying or selling in the next six months do?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The settlement’s changes in commission rules take effect in July, just as many people will be shopping for homes ahead of a new school year. But it’s not clear how quickly the landscape will change. Buyers and sellers may want to talk with their agent about the costs and benefits of moving before the deadline or waiting until the new rules are in place. Remember, commissions account for $20,000 to $24,000 on a typical home. Still, that’s just one factor to consider when deciding when to buy or sell — along with interest rates, the supply of homes on the market and life circumstances like a new job or family member.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Many first time buyers are already at the absolute max of what they’re able to borrow,” says Vanessa Perry, a professor at George Washington University School of Business and a fellow at the Urban Institute’s Housing Policy Finance Center. “They’re not going to be able to come up with any additional cash to pay their own agent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>Home sellers could still agree through negotiation to pay the buyer’s agent. But in a hot housing market, sellers may have little incentive to do so. Eventually, buyers may be able to fold the cost of their agent’s commission into their mortgage, stretching the payments out over the life of the loan. But that will require a change in mortgage underwriting rules. Over time, lower real estate commissions should lead to somewhat lower housing prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What should people who are thinking of buying or selling in the next six months do?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The settlement’s changes in commission rules take effect in July, just as many people will be shopping for homes ahead of a new school year. But it’s not clear how quickly the landscape will change. Buyers and sellers may want to talk with their agent about the costs and benefits of moving before the deadline or waiting until the new rules are in place. Remember, commissions account for $20,000 to $24,000 on a typical home. Still, that’s just one factor to consider when deciding when to buy or sell — along with interest rates, the supply of homes on the market and life circumstances like a new job or family member.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Apple, one of the world’s richest companies, is now under fire from the U.S. government. The Department of Justice and 16 states filed a lawsuit against the Silicon Valley giant on Thursday, accusing the company of abusing its power as a monopoly to edge out rivals and ensure customers keep using its products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The heart of the lawsuit centers around claims that Apple stopped smaller companies from accessing the hardware and software in its iPhones, which led to fewer options for customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple is worth nearly $3 trillion, making it one of the highest-valued companies in the world. And its iPhone is one of the most popular phones on earth, dominating the global market, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=prUS51776424\">market analyst firm IDC\u003c/a>. The Justice Department alleges it’s by no coincidence that Apple was able to ensure its place at the top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Deputy Attorney General Lisa Monaco\"]‘No matter how powerful, no matter how prominent, no matter how popular — no company is above the law.’[/pullquote]“Consumers should not have to pay higher prices because companies violate the antitrust laws,” Attorney General Merrick B. Garland says. “If left unchallenged, Apple will only continue to strengthen its smartphone monopoly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department says that because Apple imposes contract restrictions on developers, it means new innovation is kept within its ecosystem. The government says this allows Apple to take more money from consumers, developers, content creators, publishers, small businesses and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of these restrictions, the Justice Department says Apple has been able to block innovation in super apps with a broad functionality and has ensured its iMessage system keeps people from using cross-platform messaging apps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11896177\" label=\"Related Story\"]The government also says that Apple has thrown around its power to suppress innovation in streaming services for video games, non-Apple smartwatches, and third-party digital wallets that let users tap-to-pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple says the restrictions around its software and hardware are to protect people’s privacy and security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This lawsuit threatens who we are and the principles that set Apple products apart in fiercely competitive markets,” a company spokesperson says. “If successful, it would hinder our ability to create the kind of technology people expect from Apple—where hardware, software, and services intersect. It would also set a dangerous precedent, empowering government to take a heavy hand in designing people’s technology.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple says it will vigorously defend itself against this lawsuit. In the lead-up to the suit, Apple reportedly met with Justice Department officials multiple times, according to the \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/05/technology/antitrust-apple-lawsuit-us.html?partner=slack&smid=sl-share\">New York Times\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the Biden administration, the Justice Department and the Federal Trade Commission have filed antitrust lawsuits against several leading tech companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Justice \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/09/12/1198558372/doj-google-monopoly-antitrust-trial-search-engine\">went to trial against Google parent Alphabet\u003c/a> last fall over allegations that it stomped out competing search engines. The FTC is working on a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/09/26/1191099421/amazon-ftc-lawsuit-antitrust-monopoly\">massive suit against Amazon\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the third lawsuit the Justice Department has brought against Apple over antitrust violations in the past two decades. European regulators have also targeted the company over anti-competitive behavior, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-04/apple-hit-with-1-8-billion-eu-fine-over-abusive-app-store-rules\">claims of boxing out rivals\u003c/a> with its music streaming service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No matter how powerful, no matter how prominent, no matter how popular — no company is above the law,” Deputy Attorney General Lisa Monaco says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+U.S.+sues+Apple%2C+saying+it+abuses+its+power+to+monopolize+the+smartphone+market&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Consumers should not have to pay higher prices because companies violate the antitrust laws,” Attorney General Merrick B. Garland says. “If left unchallenged, Apple will only continue to strengthen its smartphone monopoly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department says that because Apple imposes contract restrictions on developers, it means new innovation is kept within its ecosystem. The government says this allows Apple to take more money from consumers, developers, content creators, publishers, small businesses and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The government also says that Apple has thrown around its power to suppress innovation in streaming services for video games, non-Apple smartwatches, and third-party digital wallets that let users tap-to-pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple says the restrictions around its software and hardware are to protect people’s privacy and security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This lawsuit threatens who we are and the principles that set Apple products apart in fiercely competitive markets,” a company spokesperson says. “If successful, it would hinder our ability to create the kind of technology people expect from Apple—where hardware, software, and services intersect. It would also set a dangerous precedent, empowering government to take a heavy hand in designing people’s technology.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple says it will vigorously defend itself against this lawsuit. In the lead-up to the suit, Apple reportedly met with Justice Department officials multiple times, according to the \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/05/technology/antitrust-apple-lawsuit-us.html?partner=slack&smid=sl-share\">New York Times\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the Biden administration, the Justice Department and the Federal Trade Commission have filed antitrust lawsuits against several leading tech companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Justice \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/09/12/1198558372/doj-google-monopoly-antitrust-trial-search-engine\">went to trial against Google parent Alphabet\u003c/a> last fall over allegations that it stomped out competing search engines. The FTC is working on a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/09/26/1191099421/amazon-ftc-lawsuit-antitrust-monopoly\">massive suit against Amazon\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the third lawsuit the Justice Department has brought against Apple over antitrust violations in the past two decades. European regulators have also targeted the company over anti-competitive behavior, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-04/apple-hit-with-1-8-billion-eu-fine-over-abusive-app-store-rules\">claims of boxing out rivals\u003c/a> with its music streaming service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No matter how powerful, no matter how prominent, no matter how popular — no company is above the law,” Deputy Attorney General Lisa Monaco says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+U.S.+sues+Apple%2C+saying+it+abuses+its+power+to+monopolize+the+smartphone+market&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "US Happiness Ranking Plummets: Young Adults Hit Hardest",
"headTitle": "US Happiness Ranking Plummets: Young Adults Hit Hardest | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>How happy are you? \u003ca href=\"https://www.gallup.com/analytics/247355/gallup-world-happiness-report.aspx\">The Gallup World Poll \u003c/a>has a simple way to gauge well-being around the globe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imagine a ladder, and think about your current life. The top rung, 10, represents the best possible life and the bottom rung, 0, represents the worst. Pick your number.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers use the responses to rank happiness in countries around the globe, and the\u003ca href=\"https://worldhappiness.report/\"> 2024 results \u003c/a>have just been released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, Finland is at the top of the list. Researchers point to factors including high levels of social support and healthy life expectancy, to explain the top perch of several Scandinavian countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North America does not fare as well overall. As a nation, the United States dropped in the global ranking from 15th to 23rd. However, researchers point to striking generational divides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People aged 60 and older in the U.S. reported high levels of well-being compared to younger people. In fact, the United States ranks in the top 10 countries for happiness in this age group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conversely, there’s a decline in happiness among younger adolescents and young adults in the U.S. “The report finds there’s a dramatic decrease in the self-reported well-being of people aged 30 and below,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.sbs.ox.ac.uk/about-us/people/jan-emmanuel-de-neve\">editor Jan-Emmanuel De Neve\u003c/a>, a professor of economics and behavioral science and the director of the\u003ca href=\"https://wellbeing.hmc.ox.ac.uk/\"> Wellbeing Research Centre\u003c/a> at Oxford University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"John Helliwell, Professor Emeritus, University of British Columbia\"]‘People are hearing that the world is going to hell in a handbasket and the young especially are feeling more threatened by it.’[/pullquote]This drop among young adults is also evident in Canada, Australia and, to a lesser extent, in parts of Western Europe and Britain, too. “We knew that a relationship existed between age and happiness, but the biggest surprise is that it is more nuanced than we previously thought, and it is changing,” says\u003ca href=\"https://www.gallup.com/people/185219/ilana-ron-levey.aspx\"> Ilana Ron-Levey\u003c/a>, managing director at Gallup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In North America, youth happiness has dropped below that of older adults,” Ron-Levey says. The rankings are based on responses from a representative sample of about 1,000 respondents in each country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11979725\" label=\"Related Story\"]A range of factors likely explain these shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>De Neve and his collaborators say the relatively high level of well-being among older adults is not too surprising. Researchers have long seen a U-shaped curve to happiness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children are typically happy, and people tend to hit the bottom (of the U) of well-being in middle age. By 60, life can feel more secure, especially for people with good health, financial stability and strong social connections. Living in a country with a strong social safety net can also help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The big pressures in life, [such as] having small children, a mortgage to pay, and work, have likely tapered off a bit,” De Neve says. But what’s so unexpected, he says, is the extent to which well-being has fallen among young adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would expect youth to actually start out at a higher level of well-being than middle-age individuals,” De Neve says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are hearing that the world is going to hell in a handbasket, and the young especially are feeling more threatened by it,” says \u003ca href=\"https://economics.ubc.ca/profile/john-helliwell/\">John Helliwell\u003c/a>, Professor Emeritus at the University of British Columbia and a co-author of the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says many younger people may feel the weight of climate change, social inequities, and political polarization which can all be amplified on social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But hope is not lost, Helliwell says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He points to countries in Eastern Europe where levels of well-being are on the rise among young people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the older generations in the countries that make up the former Yugoslavia tend to be less happy. “They are bearing the scars of genocide and conflict,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he says the younger people are looking beyond this history. “A new generation can put it in the past and think of building a better future and feel that they can be part of that,” Helliwell says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was edited by Jane Greenhalgh\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=U.S.+drops+in+new+global+happiness+ranking.+One+age+group+bucks+the+trend&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>How happy are you? \u003ca href=\"https://www.gallup.com/analytics/247355/gallup-world-happiness-report.aspx\">The Gallup World Poll \u003c/a>has a simple way to gauge well-being around the globe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imagine a ladder, and think about your current life. The top rung, 10, represents the best possible life and the bottom rung, 0, represents the worst. Pick your number.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers use the responses to rank happiness in countries around the globe, and the\u003ca href=\"https://worldhappiness.report/\"> 2024 results \u003c/a>have just been released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, Finland is at the top of the list. Researchers point to factors including high levels of social support and healthy life expectancy, to explain the top perch of several Scandinavian countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North America does not fare as well overall. As a nation, the United States dropped in the global ranking from 15th to 23rd. However, researchers point to striking generational divides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People aged 60 and older in the U.S. reported high levels of well-being compared to younger people. In fact, the United States ranks in the top 10 countries for happiness in this age group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conversely, there’s a decline in happiness among younger adolescents and young adults in the U.S. “The report finds there’s a dramatic decrease in the self-reported well-being of people aged 30 and below,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.sbs.ox.ac.uk/about-us/people/jan-emmanuel-de-neve\">editor Jan-Emmanuel De Neve\u003c/a>, a professor of economics and behavioral science and the director of the\u003ca href=\"https://wellbeing.hmc.ox.ac.uk/\"> Wellbeing Research Centre\u003c/a> at Oxford University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘People are hearing that the world is going to hell in a handbasket and the young especially are feeling more threatened by it.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>This drop among young adults is also evident in Canada, Australia and, to a lesser extent, in parts of Western Europe and Britain, too. “We knew that a relationship existed between age and happiness, but the biggest surprise is that it is more nuanced than we previously thought, and it is changing,” says\u003ca href=\"https://www.gallup.com/people/185219/ilana-ron-levey.aspx\"> Ilana Ron-Levey\u003c/a>, managing director at Gallup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In North America, youth happiness has dropped below that of older adults,” Ron-Levey says. The rankings are based on responses from a representative sample of about 1,000 respondents in each country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A range of factors likely explain these shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>De Neve and his collaborators say the relatively high level of well-being among older adults is not too surprising. Researchers have long seen a U-shaped curve to happiness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children are typically happy, and people tend to hit the bottom (of the U) of well-being in middle age. By 60, life can feel more secure, especially for people with good health, financial stability and strong social connections. Living in a country with a strong social safety net can also help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The big pressures in life, [such as] having small children, a mortgage to pay, and work, have likely tapered off a bit,” De Neve says. But what’s so unexpected, he says, is the extent to which well-being has fallen among young adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would expect youth to actually start out at a higher level of well-being than middle-age individuals,” De Neve says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are hearing that the world is going to hell in a handbasket, and the young especially are feeling more threatened by it,” says \u003ca href=\"https://economics.ubc.ca/profile/john-helliwell/\">John Helliwell\u003c/a>, Professor Emeritus at the University of British Columbia and a co-author of the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says many younger people may feel the weight of climate change, social inequities, and political polarization which can all be amplified on social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But hope is not lost, Helliwell says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He points to countries in Eastern Europe where levels of well-being are on the rise among young people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the older generations in the countries that make up the former Yugoslavia tend to be less happy. “They are bearing the scars of genocide and conflict,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he says the younger people are looking beyond this history. “A new generation can put it in the past and think of building a better future and feel that they can be part of that,” Helliwell says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was edited by Jane Greenhalgh\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=U.S.+drops+in+new+global+happiness+ranking.+One+age+group+bucks+the+trend&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>After nearly a year of frantic lobbying and debate, the EPA has finalized strict new rules on vehicle emissions that will push the auto industry to accelerate its transition to electric vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA expects that under the new rules, EVs could account for up to 56% of new passenger vehicles sold for model years 2030 through 2032, meeting a goal that \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/08/05/fact-sheet-president-biden-announces-steps-to-drive-american-leadership-forward-on-clean-cars-and-trucks/\">President Biden set in 2021\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regulations are a cornerstone of the Biden administration’s efforts to fight climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Combined with investments the U.S. is making in battery and electric vehicle manufacturing, the auto regulations will help shift the U.S. away from relying on fossil fuels for transportation, a senior administration official said during a call with reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>“Three years ago, I set an ambitious target: that half of all new cars and trucks sold in 2030 would be zero-emission,” Biden said in a statement, adding that the country will meet that goal “and race forward in the years ahead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden added that U.S. workers “will lead the world on autos making clean cars and trucks, each stamped ‘Made in America.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new rules require auto manufacturers to slash emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide that are heating the planet, as well as air pollutants that contribute to soot and smog. The administration said the new standards will avoid more than 7 billion tons of carbon dioxide emissions and deliver almost $100 billion in annual benefits, including $13 billion in health benefits as a result of less pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s going to have immediate benefits in improving air quality, but also improving people’s health,” Cara Cook, director of programs at the Alliance of Nurses for Healthy Environments, told reporters ahead of the EPA’s announcement. “So they’re not breathing in dirty air, especially for those who are living near major roadways and highways, heavy traffic [areas]. Those are the ones that are going to really experience a significant amount of benefits from these rules.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Entire fleets, not individual cars, must meet strict rules\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The rules cover light- and medium-duty vehicles — cars, SUVs, vans and pickup trucks, but not 18-wheelers — from model years 2027 to 2032.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For light-duty vehicles, the EPA expects the rules will result in an industry-wide average emissions target of 85 grams of carbon dioxide per mile, representing an almost 50% reduction compared to existing standards for model year 2026 vehicles. The agency expects the average CO2 emissions target for medium-duty vehicles to fall by 44%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Cara Cook, director of programs, Alliance of Nurses for Healthy Environments\"]‘That’s going to have immediate benefits in improving air quality, but also improving people’s health. … especially for those who are living near major roadways and highways.’[/pullquote]The EPA rules are not written as an EV mandate or a ban on the sale of gas cars, like some states and other countries have adopted. Instead, the EPA sets standards that apply across an entire fleet — meaning an automaker still can make vehicles with higher emissions, as long as they also make enough very low or zero-emission vehicles that it averages out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means over the next decade, automakers can continue offering a range of vehicle types, but the “menu” available to consumers will shift to be cleaner overall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules will likely drive a shift not just among automakers but among their suppliers and in infrastructure, said Thomas Boylan, regulatory director at the Zero Emission Transportation Association, which advocates for electric vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it creates a substantial tailwind in the EV market itself, but I think it’s even more pronounced throughout the supply chain” for things like parts manufacturing and charging infrastructure, Boylan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really that full supply chain that has an additional level of certainty with these types of rules.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA said consumers can also opt for gas-powered vehicles with particulate filters and gas-electric hybrids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Electric vehicles have higher price tags, on average, than gas-powered vehicles, although the gap has been narrowing and federal tax credits sometimes exceed the difference. Consumer groups have expressed\u003ca href=\"https://advocacy.consumerreports.org/research/clean-vehicle-standards-deliver-benefits-for-consumers/\"> support\u003c/a> for the EPA’s rules, noting that EVs save drivers money over the life of the vehicle because it’s almost always cheaper to charge than to fuel up. Researchers last year found the proposed rule would\u003ca href=\"https://www.resources.org/common-resources/new-proposed-emissions-standards-for-passenger-vehicles-who-benefits-the-most/\"> save all drivers money\u003c/a>, with the biggest savings for lower-income Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Chris Harto, senior policy analyst for transportation and energy, Consumer Reports\"]‘This is one of the biggest pieces of climate regulation in history.’[/pullquote]The EPA said it expects the new rules will deliver fuel savings to consumers of up to $46 billion annually, plus savings on maintenance and repairs that the agency values at $16 billion annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is one of the biggest pieces of climate regulation in history,” Chris Harto, senior policy analyst for transportation and energy at Consumer Reports, said on a call with reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to have opponents,” Harto added because the money consumers will save is “coming out of the pockets of the oil industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the rules also call for reducing other types of tailpipe pollution. A senior Biden administration official said those pollution regulations will reduce hospitalizations and prevent 2,500 premature deaths in 2055.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Auto industry asked for a slower start\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The auto industry is in the midst of a dramatic transformation, with virtually all major companies pivoting toward making electric vehicles — albeit at different speeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the U.S., EV sales increased by 50% last year to just under 10% of new car sales. Automakers are also looking to Europe and China, which have embraced the idea of an electric future and are shifting their global plans accordingly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11980045,news_11974466,science_1991185\"]But U.S. charging infrastructure is not increasing fast enough to keep pace with EV growth. Most EVs for sale right now are luxury vehicles, with relatively fewer options on the cheaper end of the scale. And, significantly, legacy automakers are making far more money on their gas-powered vehicles than their EVs, some of which are not yet profitable at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alliance for Automotive Innovation, a trade group representing auto manufacturers, asked the EPA to adjust the timeline for the new rules, dialing down the ambition for the next few years and then cranking up the pace toward the end of the time frame. The United Auto Workers union made a similar appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The approach reflected what the Alliance calls a “Goldilocks problem”: Automakers see huge risks if they move too slowly \u003cem>or \u003c/em>too quickly toward EVs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, the auto industry is not a monolith. All-electric automakers like Tesla and Rivian encouraged the EPA to set even more stringent rules. Dealers, who have generally been more skeptical of EVs than manufacturers, sharply criticized the EPA’s original proposed rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final rules the EPA settled on reflect the input from automakers, labor unions and car dealers, a senior administration official said. Manufacturers will be able to make more gradual cuts to emissions in the early years, the official said, but the rules will ultimately deliver the same reductions as the agency’s initial proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The oil industry is fundamentally opposed\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The oil industry, meanwhile, has been an even more vocal critic of these rules and other policies promoting EVs. Rising adoption of electric vehicles is expected to reduce oil demand over time, although it will take decades for the global fleet of vehicles to turn over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil trade groups call the new EPA rule a ban on gas-powered cars, although the regulations allow the continued sale of gas vehicles. The American Petroleum Institute has\u003ca href=\"https://www.api.org/news-policy-and-issues/blog/2023/07/11/epas-tailpipe-emissions-rule-threatens-freedom-reliability-security\"> said\u003c/a> the rule “threatens consumer freedom, energy reliability and national security.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers, which has spent millions on ads against the EPA rules and other policies, also criticized the EPA for not considering the environmental impact of manufacturing a giant battery or charging an EV. A\u003ca href=\"https://theicct.org/publication/a-global-comparison-of-the-life-cycle-greenhouse-gas-emissions-of-combustion-engine-and-electric-passenger-cars/\"> large body of research\u003c/a> has found that even\u003ca href=\"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1875764/\"> with those impacts factored in\u003c/a>, EVs are still\u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/driving-cleaner\"> vastly better for the planet\u003c/a> than comparable fossil fuel vehicles. It’s true, however, that larger, less efficient EVs have a bigger environmental footprint than smaller ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the oil industry’s opposition goes even further. The attorney general of Texas has previously\u003ca href=\"https://climatecasechart.com/case/texas-v-epa-2/\"> filed a lawsuit\u003c/a> challenging the EPA’s authority to set rules designed to promote electric vehicles. Multiple oil trade groups backed Texas in the case. The auto industry sided with the EPA, noting that carmakers are investing billions in going electric and that reducing greenhouse gas emissions is a “national priority.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, cutting greenhouse gas emissions is a global priority. The world \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/13/1218125835/climate-talks-end-on-a-first-ever-call-for-the-world-to-move-away-from-fossil-fu\">has now agreed\u003c/a> that transitioning away from fossil fuels is key to reducing the devastating impacts of climate change that, even in the best-case scenario, will disrupt ecosystems and human lives around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as the EPA sets rules designed to accelerate the shift away from fossil fuels, carmakers and oil producers are responding very differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The auto industry sees a profitable zero-emissions future — if it can figure out how (and when) to get there. The oil industry is fighting to defend its core product.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a call with reporters earlier this month, Chet Thompson, the CEO of the AFPM, lambasted media reports that the EPA was considering a “compromise” that would give the auto industry a few more years of more lenient standards, buying companies time to prepare for the EV transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thompson emphasized that the EPA rules would still fundamentally aim to make most cars sold in the U.S. run on batteries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At 2032, it’s the same outcome,” Thompson said, frustrated. “This administration should not be calling that a compromise when, in fact, they want to take us to the same place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The EPA rules are not written as an EV mandate or a ban on the sale of gas cars, like some states and other countries have adopted. Instead, the EPA sets standards that apply across an entire fleet — meaning an automaker still can make vehicles with higher emissions, as long as they also make enough very low or zero-emission vehicles that it averages out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means over the next decade, automakers can continue offering a range of vehicle types, but the “menu” available to consumers will shift to be cleaner overall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules will likely drive a shift not just among automakers but among their suppliers and in infrastructure, said Thomas Boylan, regulatory director at the Zero Emission Transportation Association, which advocates for electric vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it creates a substantial tailwind in the EV market itself, but I think it’s even more pronounced throughout the supply chain” for things like parts manufacturing and charging infrastructure, Boylan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really that full supply chain that has an additional level of certainty with these types of rules.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA said consumers can also opt for gas-powered vehicles with particulate filters and gas-electric hybrids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Electric vehicles have higher price tags, on average, than gas-powered vehicles, although the gap has been narrowing and federal tax credits sometimes exceed the difference. Consumer groups have expressed\u003ca href=\"https://advocacy.consumerreports.org/research/clean-vehicle-standards-deliver-benefits-for-consumers/\"> support\u003c/a> for the EPA’s rules, noting that EVs save drivers money over the life of the vehicle because it’s almost always cheaper to charge than to fuel up. Researchers last year found the proposed rule would\u003ca href=\"https://www.resources.org/common-resources/new-proposed-emissions-standards-for-passenger-vehicles-who-benefits-the-most/\"> save all drivers money\u003c/a>, with the biggest savings for lower-income Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘This is one of the biggest pieces of climate regulation in history.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The EPA said it expects the new rules will deliver fuel savings to consumers of up to $46 billion annually, plus savings on maintenance and repairs that the agency values at $16 billion annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is one of the biggest pieces of climate regulation in history,” Chris Harto, senior policy analyst for transportation and energy at Consumer Reports, said on a call with reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to have opponents,” Harto added because the money consumers will save is “coming out of the pockets of the oil industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the rules also call for reducing other types of tailpipe pollution. A senior Biden administration official said those pollution regulations will reduce hospitalizations and prevent 2,500 premature deaths in 2055.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Auto industry asked for a slower start\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The auto industry is in the midst of a dramatic transformation, with virtually all major companies pivoting toward making electric vehicles — albeit at different speeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the U.S., EV sales increased by 50% last year to just under 10% of new car sales. Automakers are also looking to Europe and China, which have embraced the idea of an electric future and are shifting their global plans accordingly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But U.S. charging infrastructure is not increasing fast enough to keep pace with EV growth. Most EVs for sale right now are luxury vehicles, with relatively fewer options on the cheaper end of the scale. And, significantly, legacy automakers are making far more money on their gas-powered vehicles than their EVs, some of which are not yet profitable at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alliance for Automotive Innovation, a trade group representing auto manufacturers, asked the EPA to adjust the timeline for the new rules, dialing down the ambition for the next few years and then cranking up the pace toward the end of the time frame. The United Auto Workers union made a similar appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The approach reflected what the Alliance calls a “Goldilocks problem”: Automakers see huge risks if they move too slowly \u003cem>or \u003c/em>too quickly toward EVs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, the auto industry is not a monolith. All-electric automakers like Tesla and Rivian encouraged the EPA to set even more stringent rules. Dealers, who have generally been more skeptical of EVs than manufacturers, sharply criticized the EPA’s original proposed rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final rules the EPA settled on reflect the input from automakers, labor unions and car dealers, a senior administration official said. Manufacturers will be able to make more gradual cuts to emissions in the early years, the official said, but the rules will ultimately deliver the same reductions as the agency’s initial proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The oil industry is fundamentally opposed\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The oil industry, meanwhile, has been an even more vocal critic of these rules and other policies promoting EVs. Rising adoption of electric vehicles is expected to reduce oil demand over time, although it will take decades for the global fleet of vehicles to turn over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil trade groups call the new EPA rule a ban on gas-powered cars, although the regulations allow the continued sale of gas vehicles. The American Petroleum Institute has\u003ca href=\"https://www.api.org/news-policy-and-issues/blog/2023/07/11/epas-tailpipe-emissions-rule-threatens-freedom-reliability-security\"> said\u003c/a> the rule “threatens consumer freedom, energy reliability and national security.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers, which has spent millions on ads against the EPA rules and other policies, also criticized the EPA for not considering the environmental impact of manufacturing a giant battery or charging an EV. A\u003ca href=\"https://theicct.org/publication/a-global-comparison-of-the-life-cycle-greenhouse-gas-emissions-of-combustion-engine-and-electric-passenger-cars/\"> large body of research\u003c/a> has found that even\u003ca href=\"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1875764/\"> with those impacts factored in\u003c/a>, EVs are still\u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/driving-cleaner\"> vastly better for the planet\u003c/a> than comparable fossil fuel vehicles. It’s true, however, that larger, less efficient EVs have a bigger environmental footprint than smaller ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the oil industry’s opposition goes even further. The attorney general of Texas has previously\u003ca href=\"https://climatecasechart.com/case/texas-v-epa-2/\"> filed a lawsuit\u003c/a> challenging the EPA’s authority to set rules designed to promote electric vehicles. Multiple oil trade groups backed Texas in the case. The auto industry sided with the EPA, noting that carmakers are investing billions in going electric and that reducing greenhouse gas emissions is a “national priority.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, cutting greenhouse gas emissions is a global priority. The world \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/13/1218125835/climate-talks-end-on-a-first-ever-call-for-the-world-to-move-away-from-fossil-fu\">has now agreed\u003c/a> that transitioning away from fossil fuels is key to reducing the devastating impacts of climate change that, even in the best-case scenario, will disrupt ecosystems and human lives around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as the EPA sets rules designed to accelerate the shift away from fossil fuels, carmakers and oil producers are responding very differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The auto industry sees a profitable zero-emissions future — if it can figure out how (and when) to get there. The oil industry is fighting to defend its core product.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a call with reporters earlier this month, Chet Thompson, the CEO of the AFPM, lambasted media reports that the EPA was considering a “compromise” that would give the auto industry a few more years of more lenient standards, buying companies time to prepare for the EV transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thompson emphasized that the EPA rules would still fundamentally aim to make most cars sold in the U.S. run on batteries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At 2032, it’s the same outcome,” Thompson said, frustrated. “This administration should not be calling that a compromise when, in fact, they want to take us to the same place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>For all the concern in recent years that U.S. democracy is on the brink, in danger or under threat, a report out Tuesday offers a glimmer of good news for American voters worried that casting a ballot will be difficult in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Put simply, the new data shows that voting in America has gotten easier over the past two decades. More voters can cast a ballot before Election Day, with the majority of U.S. states now offering some form of early in-person voting and mail voting to all voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although we often talk in a partisan context about voter fraud and voter suppression and whether voters have access to the ballot, the reality is, over the past 25 years, we’ve greatly increased the convenience of voting for almost all Americans,” said David Becker, the founder and executive director of the Center for Election Innovation & Research (CEIR), which authored the \u003ca href=\"https://electioninnovation.org/research/expansion-voting-before-election-day/\">new report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"David Becker, founder and executive director, CEIR\"]‘In almost every single state, voters can choose to vote when they want to.’[/pullquote]The research was inspired by an NPR request for historical data around voting access, and NPR is the first news organization to report the findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data shows that, despite \u003ca href=\"https://www.wabe.org/georgia-republicans-seek-to-stop-automatic-voter-registration-in-state/\">real efforts\u003c/a> by \u003ca href=\"https://www.iowapublicradio.org/ipr-news/2021-03-08/iowa-governor-signs-law-cutting-time-allowed-for-voting\">some Republican-led legislatures\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.statenews.org/government-politics/2023-08-29/ohio-elections-officials-concerned-expired-id-may-thwart-voters\">restrict access\u003c/a> at the margins, the trend in the U.S. since 2000 has been toward making it easier to vote: Nearly 97% of voting-age American citizens now live in states that offer the option to vote before Election Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/voting-access-20240222/animated-maps.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-voting-access-20240222-animated-maps&parentTitle=Voting%20in%20America%20has%20gotten%20easier%20over%20the%20past%202%20decades%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F03%2F19%2F1238646047%2Fvoting-options-early-mail-ballots\" width=\"1000\" height=\"700\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lies about early voting, the lies about voting machines and efforts in some state legislatures to roll back some of the election integrity and convenience measures that have evolved over the last several decades, those efforts almost all failed,” Becker said. “In almost every single state, voters can choose to vote when they want to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11973915,news_11974391,news_11977752\" label=\"Related Stories\"]Forty-six states and Washington, D.C., offer some form of early in-person voting, the report tallied, and 37 of those jurisdictions also offer mail voting to all voters without requiring an excuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The analysis focused on broad categories around how people can vote but did not consider more specific voting policies that have sparked partisan debate in recent years, like mailing ballots to all registered voters, how mail ballots can be returned and ID requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chris Mann, CEIR’s research director, said he thought many people might be surprised at the bigger picture reflecting access because those other voting policies have taken so much of the political focus in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data shows some political trends. Of the 14 states that don’t offer mail voting to all voters, for instance, 12 have Republican-led legislatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But maybe the more striking trends are geographic. Every single state in the western U.S. has offered some form of early and mail voting to all voters since 2004, according to the data. And those states span the political spectrum, from conservative Idaho to liberal California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really hard to talk about partisanship around this issue because historically, there just hasn’t been much,” Mann said. “We’ve seen voting by mail and early in-person voting supported by Republican legislatures, Democratic legislatures, Republican governors, Democratic governors. We see voters in both parties use both methods.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other parts of the country, like the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic, it took reforms driven by the COVID-19 pandemic to move toward more ballot access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2020, New York, Connecticut and Massachusetts all made changes to make voting more easily accessible, which have since partially or fully become permanent. Delaware is currently embroiled in a \u003ca href=\"https://whyy.org/articles/delaware-supreme-court-court-strikes-down-permanent-absentee-voting-law-democrats-response/\">legal fight\u003c/a> over whether it can implement early and mail voting changes this election cycle as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The South, with its history of slavery and Jim Crow laws, has long \u003ca href=\"https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2861&context=ndlr\">lagged behind\u003c/a> when it comes to voting access. The CEIR data shows that, although some \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/03/09/974605448/kentucky-election-reform-effort-gets-bipartisan-backing\">states\u003c/a> have slowly started expanding options for voters, it is generally the most difficult region for voters to cast a ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/voting-access-20240222/table.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-voting-access-20240222-table&parentTitle=Voting%20in%20America%20has%20gotten%20easier%20over%20the%20past%202%20decades%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F03%2F19%2F1238646047%2Fvoting-options-early-mail-ballots\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As options nationwide have become more widely available, voters have also responded by taking advantage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 2000 election, 86% of voters voted at a polling place on Election Day, according to U.S. Census Bureau data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2020, during the pandemic, that number dropped to less than 31% of voters. It went back up in 2022 to roughly half of the electorate but was still in line with the two-decade trend toward more ballots being cast early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/datawrapper/7hGON/9/?initialWidth=650&childId=responsive-embed-7hGON&parentTitle=Voting%20in%20America%20has%20gotten%20easier%20over%20the%20past%202%20decades%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F03%2F19%2F1238646047%2Fvoting-options-early-mail-ballots\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2024, it’s a bit unclear if that trend will continue. Former President Donald Trump and his supporters have worked to demonize mail voting and, at times, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/2022-midterm-elections-health-government-and-politics-election-2020-55f4744b484919cd20d4d5e8d72e444e\">implored Republican voters\u003c/a> to vote on Election Day or as close to it as possible to avoid unproven claims of tampering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in reality, Becker says, more voting options actually make elections more secure and less susceptible to malicious activity or even human error.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there were a problem, if there were a cyber event, if there were a malfunction, if there were bad weather, if there were traffic, if there were was a power outage, you could think of all kinds of circumstances. … The more you spread voting out over a series of days and over multiple modes, the less likely it’s going to impact voters,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, even in states where voters have numerous options on how to vote, in every federal election, tens of millions of eligible voters in the U.S. don’t cast ballots. Even in 2020, the highest-turnout election in modern history, \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2021/2020-presidential-election-voting-and-registration-tables-now-available.html\">roughly a third\u003c/a> of eligible Americans didn’t vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shirley Weber, the secretary of state of California, says more and more that it’s a reflection of people not feeling empowered or motivated by the system and not by how hard it is to cast a ballot. \u003ca href=\"https://electionlawblog.org/?p=140939\">Election experts\u003c/a> have generally agreed that in 2024, efforts to delegitimize election results are more worrisome than efforts to actually stop people from voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve done everything, I think, humanly possible to make it possible for people to vote,” Weber said. “[In California], you will get a ballot mailed to your home. It does not require a stamp. If you lose it and call us, we’ll send you another one. If you go to a vote center, you will be able to get a new ballot and vote right there if you want to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the state places near the bottom of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sos.nh.gov/sites/g/files/ehbemt561/files/documents/2022-04/voter-turnout-charts-4-19-21.pdf\">U.S. rankings\u003c/a> regarding turnout rate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we have to do now is help people understand that voting is important, whether their candidate wins or loses,” she said. “[You’re] voting for yourself basically to have the dignity of having your issues being considered, and whether you win or lose, people listen to your voice, and they hear you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=New+data+shows+it%27s+gotten+easier+to+vote+in+the+U.S.+since+2000&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For all the concern in recent years that U.S. democracy is on the brink, in danger or under threat, a report out Tuesday offers a glimmer of good news for American voters worried that casting a ballot will be difficult in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Put simply, the new data shows that voting in America has gotten easier over the past two decades. More voters can cast a ballot before Election Day, with the majority of U.S. states now offering some form of early in-person voting and mail voting to all voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although we often talk in a partisan context about voter fraud and voter suppression and whether voters have access to the ballot, the reality is, over the past 25 years, we’ve greatly increased the convenience of voting for almost all Americans,” said David Becker, the founder and executive director of the Center for Election Innovation & Research (CEIR), which authored the \u003ca href=\"https://electioninnovation.org/research/expansion-voting-before-election-day/\">new report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘In almost every single state, voters can choose to vote when they want to.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The research was inspired by an NPR request for historical data around voting access, and NPR is the first news organization to report the findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data shows that, despite \u003ca href=\"https://www.wabe.org/georgia-republicans-seek-to-stop-automatic-voter-registration-in-state/\">real efforts\u003c/a> by \u003ca href=\"https://www.iowapublicradio.org/ipr-news/2021-03-08/iowa-governor-signs-law-cutting-time-allowed-for-voting\">some Republican-led legislatures\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.statenews.org/government-politics/2023-08-29/ohio-elections-officials-concerned-expired-id-may-thwart-voters\">restrict access\u003c/a> at the margins, the trend in the U.S. since 2000 has been toward making it easier to vote: Nearly 97% of voting-age American citizens now live in states that offer the option to vote before Election Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/voting-access-20240222/animated-maps.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-voting-access-20240222-animated-maps&parentTitle=Voting%20in%20America%20has%20gotten%20easier%20over%20the%20past%202%20decades%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F03%2F19%2F1238646047%2Fvoting-options-early-mail-ballots\" width=\"1000\" height=\"700\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lies about early voting, the lies about voting machines and efforts in some state legislatures to roll back some of the election integrity and convenience measures that have evolved over the last several decades, those efforts almost all failed,” Becker said. “In almost every single state, voters can choose to vote when they want to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Forty-six states and Washington, D.C., offer some form of early in-person voting, the report tallied, and 37 of those jurisdictions also offer mail voting to all voters without requiring an excuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The analysis focused on broad categories around how people can vote but did not consider more specific voting policies that have sparked partisan debate in recent years, like mailing ballots to all registered voters, how mail ballots can be returned and ID requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chris Mann, CEIR’s research director, said he thought many people might be surprised at the bigger picture reflecting access because those other voting policies have taken so much of the political focus in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data shows some political trends. Of the 14 states that don’t offer mail voting to all voters, for instance, 12 have Republican-led legislatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But maybe the more striking trends are geographic. Every single state in the western U.S. has offered some form of early and mail voting to all voters since 2004, according to the data. And those states span the political spectrum, from conservative Idaho to liberal California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really hard to talk about partisanship around this issue because historically, there just hasn’t been much,” Mann said. “We’ve seen voting by mail and early in-person voting supported by Republican legislatures, Democratic legislatures, Republican governors, Democratic governors. We see voters in both parties use both methods.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other parts of the country, like the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic, it took reforms driven by the COVID-19 pandemic to move toward more ballot access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2020, New York, Connecticut and Massachusetts all made changes to make voting more easily accessible, which have since partially or fully become permanent. Delaware is currently embroiled in a \u003ca href=\"https://whyy.org/articles/delaware-supreme-court-court-strikes-down-permanent-absentee-voting-law-democrats-response/\">legal fight\u003c/a> over whether it can implement early and mail voting changes this election cycle as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The South, with its history of slavery and Jim Crow laws, has long \u003ca href=\"https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2861&context=ndlr\">lagged behind\u003c/a> when it comes to voting access. The CEIR data shows that, although some \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/03/09/974605448/kentucky-election-reform-effort-gets-bipartisan-backing\">states\u003c/a> have slowly started expanding options for voters, it is generally the most difficult region for voters to cast a ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/voting-access-20240222/table.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-voting-access-20240222-table&parentTitle=Voting%20in%20America%20has%20gotten%20easier%20over%20the%20past%202%20decades%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F03%2F19%2F1238646047%2Fvoting-options-early-mail-ballots\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As options nationwide have become more widely available, voters have also responded by taking advantage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 2000 election, 86% of voters voted at a polling place on Election Day, according to U.S. Census Bureau data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2020, during the pandemic, that number dropped to less than 31% of voters. It went back up in 2022 to roughly half of the electorate but was still in line with the two-decade trend toward more ballots being cast early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/datawrapper/7hGON/9/?initialWidth=650&childId=responsive-embed-7hGON&parentTitle=Voting%20in%20America%20has%20gotten%20easier%20over%20the%20past%202%20decades%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F03%2F19%2F1238646047%2Fvoting-options-early-mail-ballots\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2024, it’s a bit unclear if that trend will continue. Former President Donald Trump and his supporters have worked to demonize mail voting and, at times, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/2022-midterm-elections-health-government-and-politics-election-2020-55f4744b484919cd20d4d5e8d72e444e\">implored Republican voters\u003c/a> to vote on Election Day or as close to it as possible to avoid unproven claims of tampering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in reality, Becker says, more voting options actually make elections more secure and less susceptible to malicious activity or even human error.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there were a problem, if there were a cyber event, if there were a malfunction, if there were bad weather, if there were traffic, if there were was a power outage, you could think of all kinds of circumstances. … The more you spread voting out over a series of days and over multiple modes, the less likely it’s going to impact voters,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, even in states where voters have numerous options on how to vote, in every federal election, tens of millions of eligible voters in the U.S. don’t cast ballots. Even in 2020, the highest-turnout election in modern history, \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2021/2020-presidential-election-voting-and-registration-tables-now-available.html\">roughly a third\u003c/a> of eligible Americans didn’t vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shirley Weber, the secretary of state of California, says more and more that it’s a reflection of people not feeling empowered or motivated by the system and not by how hard it is to cast a ballot. \u003ca href=\"https://electionlawblog.org/?p=140939\">Election experts\u003c/a> have generally agreed that in 2024, efforts to delegitimize election results are more worrisome than efforts to actually stop people from voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve done everything, I think, humanly possible to make it possible for people to vote,” Weber said. “[In California], you will get a ballot mailed to your home. It does not require a stamp. If you lose it and call us, we’ll send you another one. If you go to a vote center, you will be able to get a new ballot and vote right there if you want to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the state places near the bottom of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sos.nh.gov/sites/g/files/ehbemt561/files/documents/2022-04/voter-turnout-charts-4-19-21.pdf\">U.S. rankings\u003c/a> regarding turnout rate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we have to do now is help people understand that voting is important, whether their candidate wins or loses,” she said. “[You’re] voting for yourself basically to have the dignity of having your issues being considered, and whether you win or lose, people listen to your voice, and they hear you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=New+data+shows+it%27s+gotten+easier+to+vote+in+the+U.S.+since+2000&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "after-the-fires-a-maui-community-creates-a-land-trust-to-keep-homes-in-local-hands",
"title": "After the Fires, a Maui Community Creates a Land Trust to Keep Homes in Local Hands",
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"headTitle": "After the Fires, a Maui Community Creates a Land Trust to Keep Homes in Local Hands | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Several months after Mikey Burke’s house burned down in Lahaina, her husband got a text message out of the blue. It was an offer to buy their property with no inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s gotten a couple of those,” Burke says. “Fighting against speculators and large developers coming in is nothing new for us, but we’ve never had it where it’s been this important to our very being as this community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burke and her family are among hundreds in Lahaina who are navigating the long and arduous process of rebuilding. More than seven months after the wildfire that took 101 lives, hundreds of properties are still covered in piles of debris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some fire survivors have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/19/1231191740/maui-fire-survivors-struggle-to-find-long-term-housing-half-a-year-after-the-bla\">moved into rental properties outside Lahaina\u003c/a>. Others are finding new jobs or schools elsewhere on Maui or in the continental U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/08/23/1195387894/lahaina-residents-worry-developers-will-scoop-up-land-after-the-recent-wildfires#:~:text=Transcript-,NPR's%20Leila%20Fadel%20talks%20to%20Tiare%20Lawrence%2C%20who%20belongs%20to,land%20after%20the%20recent%20wildfires.\">Many Lahaina residents worry\u003c/a> that developers will buy up properties as they become available, changing the makeup of a community that was once the historic capital of the Hawaiian Kingdom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we have enough of that happening, the village we grew up in is not going to be the village that we want to raise our kids in,” Burke says. “This community is so important to who we are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979614\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979614\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1704\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">West Maui is a center of the tourism industry, raising concerns in the community that developers will buy properties destroyed in the fire as they come up for sale. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, some community members are \u003ca href=\"https://lahainacommunitylandtrust.org/\">working on a way to buy properties\u003c/a> so they can remain affordable and available to local residents. It’s a nonprofit community land trust modeled after ones \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/04/09/1168839399/community-land-trusts-are-providing-a-solution-to-gentrification\">used around the country for affordable housing.\u003c/a> Land trusts purchase properties and then sell or rent the houses. When the homes are for purchase, the trust keeps ownership of the land they’re built on, so the overall sale price is less than comparable homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Community land trusts have emerged in a handful of other places recovering from disasters, like \u003ca href=\"https://nextcity.org/urbanist-news/community-land-trusts-are-building-disaster-resilient-neighborhoods\">Houston\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wlrn.org/news/2018-08-16/in-post-irma-keys-one-tiny-new-home-is-cause-for-major-celebration\">Florida Keys\u003c/a> after both places were hit by hurricanes. The challenge is mobilizing financial resources in time to purchase properties in the crucial years post-disaster when properties go up for sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The number of units destroyed that are housing people affordably always outnumbers the amount that you rebuild,” says Steve Kirk, president of Rural Communities, an affordable housing nonprofit affiliated with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.affordablekeys.org/\">Florida Keys Community Land Trust\u003c/a>. “There are individuals and corporations with strike capital that can step into that void and acquire that land.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979616\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979616\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"845\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-800x264.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-1020x337.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-1536x507.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-2048x676.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-1920x634.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maui’s striking volcano and scenic beaches are a major draw for tourists. Half of all condo sales on the island are to out-of-state buyers. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Challenges to rebuilding\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Life is still in upheaval for Burke and her family. For months after the fire, her family of four kids and four dogs lived in two hotel rooms. Recently, they moved into a longer-term rental north of Lahaina. Her kids go to a Hawaiian language immersion school right next to the burn zone, so all four are doing distance learning by computer from home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re still grappling with memories from the day of the fire. As the smoke approached their house, Burke loaded the kids into the car. But the traffic was at a standstill in the rush to evacuate Lahaina. They watched as the flames kept getting closer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was telling the kids: if mommy opens the door, you run straight and you run to the ocean,” she says. “I will never forget that feeling because I didn’t know if it was OK.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their house was destroyed. The burned debris is still awaiting removal, like hundreds of other properties in Lahaina. But Burke’s family is already navigating the rebuilding process. Burke says they received a dollar estimate for what their insurance company will pay them, but they’re not sure if it will be enough to cover the cost of rebuilding with contractors in such high demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Of course in August, everyone was like: yeah, we’re going to rebuild,” Burke says. “But now, we’re looking at the actual money we have to rebuild and have to make a decision. Do we rebuild? What can we even rebuild? Or do we sell?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s heard from others from Lahaina going through the same struggle. Some who are older may not be up for the long rebuilding process. Some are underinsured and won’t have enough to rebuild what they had. Burke says she’s determined to stay, but concern is high that the community she grew up in will be forever altered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979617\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979617\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1704\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Over 7 months after the fire, most properties that were burned in Lahaina are still covered with debris. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>‘Selling in, instead of selling out’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Keeping the community together was on Burke’s mind when she ran into two people working on a potential way to help: Carolyn Auweloa and Autumn Ness. Having worked on housing policy, Ness and Auweloa were aware of the community land trust model and decided to start one for Lahaina. The goal of land trusts is to keep housing affordable in the long term since the buyer agrees to sell the home at a restricted price whenever they choose to sell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979618\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979618\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/0b6a1287-copy_custom-7c5e76759d3a2dbfed0a6152c4ae0608e71982f0-s1000-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1501\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/0b6a1287-copy_custom-7c5e76759d3a2dbfed0a6152c4ae0608e71982f0-s1000-c85-copy.jpg 1000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/0b6a1287-copy_custom-7c5e76759d3a2dbfed0a6152c4ae0608e71982f0-s1000-c85-copy-800x1201.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/0b6a1287-copy_custom-7c5e76759d3a2dbfed0a6152c4ae0608e71982f0-s1000-c85-copy-160x240.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Autumn Ness, who has worked on housing and local food policy on Maui, says the land trust would be led by the Lahaina community as it re-envisions its future. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://cltweb.org/clt-directory/\">Dozens of community land trusts\u003c/a> have been established around the country to boost the affordable housing supply. As climate-driven disasters have taken a bigger and bigger toll, land trusts are getting new attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ness says the wildfires only increased the already-existing pressure on Maui’s housing market. With its stunning ocean views and rich history, Lahaina was a tourism hotspot. Short-term rentals, driven by Airbnb and VRBO, \u003ca href=\"https://uhero.hawaii.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/TheHawaiiHousingFactbook.pdf\">made up 40% of the total housing supply (PDF)\u003c/a> in Lahaina’s zip code. And in Maui County more broadly, half of all condominium sales \u003ca href=\"https://uhero.hawaii.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/TheHawaiiHousingFactbook.pdf\">are to out-of-state buyers (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve seen Lahaina be sold to investors parcel by parcel over the last couple of generations, so it was just like: oh my god, we’re super vulnerable,” Ness says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://lahainacommunitylandtrust.org/\">Lahaina Community Land Trust\u003c/a>, as they’ve named it, is still in the early stages and is starting to raise money through donations. Ness says it could do more than just build housing. They could buy some properties that are of cultural value to Native Hawaiians and preserve them for the community. They could buy other properties at risk of being flooded by sea level rise and not build on them at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Autumn Ness\"]‘We’ve seen Lahaina be sold to investors parcel by parcel over the last couple of generations, so it was just like: oh my god, we’re super vulnerable.’[/pullquote]“People talk about the land trust as a way to sell in, instead of selling out,” Ness says. “If you have to sell — not your fault, no judgment. How can we make sure you have what you need and the land stays in the highest and best interest of the community?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burke decided to join the effort to develop the land trust, which she says will hopefully lessen the pain for neighbors who choose to leave Lahaina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know we can’t save every parcel that’s gonna come up to be sold,” Burke says. “But if we’re an option on somebody’s table so if they have to walk away, they can do it in good conscience, that’s all we’re there for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Land trusts are growing after disasters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When hurricanes, floods and wildfires destroy housing, the ensuing upheaval can permanently shift the makeup of a community. In the wake of Hurricane Katrina, which hit New Orleans in 2005, \u003ca href=\"https://www.riskproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Graif_Popul_Environ_2016.pdf\">a third of displaced residents (PDF)\u003c/a> still had not returned after three years, and lower-income residents were the most vulnerable to being displaced. Neighborhoods damaged by flooding \u003ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0042098018800445?journalCode=usja\">were also more likely to experience gentrification\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Hurricane Irma hit the Florida Keys in 2017, the Florida Keys Community Land Trust was established. Like in Lahaina, land values are high there, driven by tourism and restrictions on development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Vacation rentals command so much money that even in the absence of any storm, we are losing service worker housing on a month-to-month basis,” says Kirk, who works on the land trust as well as affordable housing around Florida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979619\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979619\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"845\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-800x264.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-1020x337.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-1536x507.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-2048x676.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-1920x634.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Community land trusts are used widely around the US, but have only recently started in communities hit by disasters like wildfires and hurricanes. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The trust built 31 affordable units on property that went up for sale after the hurricane. It began with a private donation, but the trust eventually secured a \u003ca href=\"https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/comm_planning/cdbg-dr\">federal grant earmarked for disaster recovery\u003c/a>. Kirk says securing funding quickly is key since many properties are put up for sale within just a few years of a disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Public funding is really a necessity in order to preserve land in the aftermath of a disaster, particularly in an affluent location,” Kirk says. “Because in the absence of that, market conditions will cause speculators and others to step into that land and end up serving a completely different income level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Lahaina, Burke says organizers aren’t sure how many properties the land trust might be able to buy, but they hope to start within the next six months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think we’re at a place where we can’t come back and still make this a beautiful, vibrant community,” Burke says. “We’re gonna need help and we’re going to continue to need help for years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "To ward off speculators and developers, the people of Lahaina have created a nonprofit land trust to keep their community together and rebuild after the devastating fires last year.",
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"title": "After the Fires, a Maui Community Creates a Land Trust to Keep Homes in Local Hands | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Several months after Mikey Burke’s house burned down in Lahaina, her husband got a text message out of the blue. It was an offer to buy their property with no inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s gotten a couple of those,” Burke says. “Fighting against speculators and large developers coming in is nothing new for us, but we’ve never had it where it’s been this important to our very being as this community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burke and her family are among hundreds in Lahaina who are navigating the long and arduous process of rebuilding. More than seven months after the wildfire that took 101 lives, hundreds of properties are still covered in piles of debris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some fire survivors have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/19/1231191740/maui-fire-survivors-struggle-to-find-long-term-housing-half-a-year-after-the-bla\">moved into rental properties outside Lahaina\u003c/a>. Others are finding new jobs or schools elsewhere on Maui or in the continental U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/08/23/1195387894/lahaina-residents-worry-developers-will-scoop-up-land-after-the-recent-wildfires#:~:text=Transcript-,NPR's%20Leila%20Fadel%20talks%20to%20Tiare%20Lawrence%2C%20who%20belongs%20to,land%20after%20the%20recent%20wildfires.\">Many Lahaina residents worry\u003c/a> that developers will buy up properties as they become available, changing the makeup of a community that was once the historic capital of the Hawaiian Kingdom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we have enough of that happening, the village we grew up in is not going to be the village that we want to raise our kids in,” Burke says. “This community is so important to who we are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979614\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979614\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1704\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">West Maui is a center of the tourism industry, raising concerns in the community that developers will buy properties destroyed in the fire as they come up for sale. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, some community members are \u003ca href=\"https://lahainacommunitylandtrust.org/\">working on a way to buy properties\u003c/a> so they can remain affordable and available to local residents. It’s a nonprofit community land trust modeled after ones \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/04/09/1168839399/community-land-trusts-are-providing-a-solution-to-gentrification\">used around the country for affordable housing.\u003c/a> Land trusts purchase properties and then sell or rent the houses. When the homes are for purchase, the trust keeps ownership of the land they’re built on, so the overall sale price is less than comparable homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Community land trusts have emerged in a handful of other places recovering from disasters, like \u003ca href=\"https://nextcity.org/urbanist-news/community-land-trusts-are-building-disaster-resilient-neighborhoods\">Houston\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wlrn.org/news/2018-08-16/in-post-irma-keys-one-tiny-new-home-is-cause-for-major-celebration\">Florida Keys\u003c/a> after both places were hit by hurricanes. The challenge is mobilizing financial resources in time to purchase properties in the crucial years post-disaster when properties go up for sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The number of units destroyed that are housing people affordably always outnumbers the amount that you rebuild,” says Steve Kirk, president of Rural Communities, an affordable housing nonprofit affiliated with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.affordablekeys.org/\">Florida Keys Community Land Trust\u003c/a>. “There are individuals and corporations with strike capital that can step into that void and acquire that land.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979616\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979616\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"845\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-800x264.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-1020x337.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-1536x507.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-2048x676.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-1920x634.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maui’s striking volcano and scenic beaches are a major draw for tourists. Half of all condo sales on the island are to out-of-state buyers. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Challenges to rebuilding\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Life is still in upheaval for Burke and her family. For months after the fire, her family of four kids and four dogs lived in two hotel rooms. Recently, they moved into a longer-term rental north of Lahaina. Her kids go to a Hawaiian language immersion school right next to the burn zone, so all four are doing distance learning by computer from home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re still grappling with memories from the day of the fire. As the smoke approached their house, Burke loaded the kids into the car. But the traffic was at a standstill in the rush to evacuate Lahaina. They watched as the flames kept getting closer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was telling the kids: if mommy opens the door, you run straight and you run to the ocean,” she says. “I will never forget that feeling because I didn’t know if it was OK.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their house was destroyed. The burned debris is still awaiting removal, like hundreds of other properties in Lahaina. But Burke’s family is already navigating the rebuilding process. Burke says they received a dollar estimate for what their insurance company will pay them, but they’re not sure if it will be enough to cover the cost of rebuilding with contractors in such high demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Of course in August, everyone was like: yeah, we’re going to rebuild,” Burke says. “But now, we’re looking at the actual money we have to rebuild and have to make a decision. Do we rebuild? What can we even rebuild? Or do we sell?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s heard from others from Lahaina going through the same struggle. Some who are older may not be up for the long rebuilding process. Some are underinsured and won’t have enough to rebuild what they had. Burke says she’s determined to stay, but concern is high that the community she grew up in will be forever altered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979617\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979617\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1704\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Over 7 months after the fire, most properties that were burned in Lahaina are still covered with debris. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>‘Selling in, instead of selling out’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Keeping the community together was on Burke’s mind when she ran into two people working on a potential way to help: Carolyn Auweloa and Autumn Ness. Having worked on housing policy, Ness and Auweloa were aware of the community land trust model and decided to start one for Lahaina. The goal of land trusts is to keep housing affordable in the long term since the buyer agrees to sell the home at a restricted price whenever they choose to sell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979618\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979618\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/0b6a1287-copy_custom-7c5e76759d3a2dbfed0a6152c4ae0608e71982f0-s1000-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1501\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/0b6a1287-copy_custom-7c5e76759d3a2dbfed0a6152c4ae0608e71982f0-s1000-c85-copy.jpg 1000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/0b6a1287-copy_custom-7c5e76759d3a2dbfed0a6152c4ae0608e71982f0-s1000-c85-copy-800x1201.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/0b6a1287-copy_custom-7c5e76759d3a2dbfed0a6152c4ae0608e71982f0-s1000-c85-copy-160x240.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Autumn Ness, who has worked on housing and local food policy on Maui, says the land trust would be led by the Lahaina community as it re-envisions its future. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://cltweb.org/clt-directory/\">Dozens of community land trusts\u003c/a> have been established around the country to boost the affordable housing supply. As climate-driven disasters have taken a bigger and bigger toll, land trusts are getting new attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ness says the wildfires only increased the already-existing pressure on Maui’s housing market. With its stunning ocean views and rich history, Lahaina was a tourism hotspot. Short-term rentals, driven by Airbnb and VRBO, \u003ca href=\"https://uhero.hawaii.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/TheHawaiiHousingFactbook.pdf\">made up 40% of the total housing supply (PDF)\u003c/a> in Lahaina’s zip code. And in Maui County more broadly, half of all condominium sales \u003ca href=\"https://uhero.hawaii.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/TheHawaiiHousingFactbook.pdf\">are to out-of-state buyers (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve seen Lahaina be sold to investors parcel by parcel over the last couple of generations, so it was just like: oh my god, we’re super vulnerable,” Ness says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://lahainacommunitylandtrust.org/\">Lahaina Community Land Trust\u003c/a>, as they’ve named it, is still in the early stages and is starting to raise money through donations. Ness says it could do more than just build housing. They could buy some properties that are of cultural value to Native Hawaiians and preserve them for the community. They could buy other properties at risk of being flooded by sea level rise and not build on them at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘We’ve seen Lahaina be sold to investors parcel by parcel over the last couple of generations, so it was just like: oh my god, we’re super vulnerable.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“People talk about the land trust as a way to sell in, instead of selling out,” Ness says. “If you have to sell — not your fault, no judgment. How can we make sure you have what you need and the land stays in the highest and best interest of the community?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burke decided to join the effort to develop the land trust, which she says will hopefully lessen the pain for neighbors who choose to leave Lahaina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know we can’t save every parcel that’s gonna come up to be sold,” Burke says. “But if we’re an option on somebody’s table so if they have to walk away, they can do it in good conscience, that’s all we’re there for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Land trusts are growing after disasters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When hurricanes, floods and wildfires destroy housing, the ensuing upheaval can permanently shift the makeup of a community. In the wake of Hurricane Katrina, which hit New Orleans in 2005, \u003ca href=\"https://www.riskproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Graif_Popul_Environ_2016.pdf\">a third of displaced residents (PDF)\u003c/a> still had not returned after three years, and lower-income residents were the most vulnerable to being displaced. Neighborhoods damaged by flooding \u003ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0042098018800445?journalCode=usja\">were also more likely to experience gentrification\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Hurricane Irma hit the Florida Keys in 2017, the Florida Keys Community Land Trust was established. Like in Lahaina, land values are high there, driven by tourism and restrictions on development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Vacation rentals command so much money that even in the absence of any storm, we are losing service worker housing on a month-to-month basis,” says Kirk, who works on the land trust as well as affordable housing around Florida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979619\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979619\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"845\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-800x264.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-1020x337.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-1536x507.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-2048x676.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-1920x634.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Community land trusts are used widely around the US, but have only recently started in communities hit by disasters like wildfires and hurricanes. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The trust built 31 affordable units on property that went up for sale after the hurricane. It began with a private donation, but the trust eventually secured a \u003ca href=\"https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/comm_planning/cdbg-dr\">federal grant earmarked for disaster recovery\u003c/a>. Kirk says securing funding quickly is key since many properties are put up for sale within just a few years of a disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Public funding is really a necessity in order to preserve land in the aftermath of a disaster, particularly in an affluent location,” Kirk says. “Because in the absence of that, market conditions will cause speculators and others to step into that land and end up serving a completely different income level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Lahaina, Burke says organizers aren’t sure how many properties the land trust might be able to buy, but they hope to start within the next six months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think we’re at a place where we can’t come back and still make this a beautiful, vibrant community,” Burke says. “We’re gonna need help and we’re going to continue to need help for years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "former-la-dodger-steve-garvey-aims-for-the-wall-in-us-senate-race",
"title": "Former LA Dodger Steve Garvey Aims for the Wall in US Senate Race",
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"headTitle": "Former LA Dodger Steve Garvey Aims for the Wall in US Senate Race | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the 1970s and ’80s, baseball fans got used to Steve Garvey smashing winning home runs and clutch hits in key games. In 1981, Garvey led the Los Angeles Dodgers to a World Series victory. In a nearly two-decade baseball career, Garvey was named MVP for the Dodgers and, later, the San Diego Padres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the former first baseman is headed to a very different kind of competition, a runoff election for an open U.S. Senate seat in California against Democratic Congressman Adam Schiff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garvey hopes to become the first Republican elected to represent California in the Senate since 1988. That won’t be easy in a state where \u003ca href=\"https://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/ror/15day-presprim-2024/complete-ror.pdf\">registered Democrats heavily outnumber Republicans\u003c/a> by nearly two to one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">A political outsider hopes to leverage discontent\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Marva Diaz, a political strategist who owns \u003ca href=\"https://californiatargetbook.com/\">California Target Book,\u003c/a> a nonpartisan publication tracking elections in California, said while Garvey hit a home run in the primary, a low turnout affair that skewed older and more Republican, that was the easy part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“November is a whole new ballgame, right? That turnout is going to be different. There are different things on the ballot that they’re going to be turning out for,” Diaz said, suggesting that a larger November voter turnout will help Schiff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Lanhee Chen, director of domestic policy studies, Hoover Institute Public Policy Program at Stanford\"]‘His candidacy represents something very different, I think, for California Republicans. … He also has an opportunity, I think, to draw a line on issues that (are) probably a little bit more centrist, a little bit closer to the median California voter.’[/pullquote]Adding to his challenges, Diaz said the RNC is unlikely to spend major amounts of money on a long shot campaign like Garvey’s when there are other more competitive races they are facing in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Lanhee Chen, who ran an unsuccessful bid as the Republican candidate for California’s state controller two years ago, said Garvey’s emergence despite his odds is significant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“His candidacy represents something very different, I think, for California Republicans,” said Chen, who is now a fellow at Stanford University’s Hoover Institution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chen thinks Garvey can win over undecided voters by appealing to their dissatisfaction with politics as usual. In a \u003ca href=\"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46g7q3hk\">recent poll \u003c/a>from the UC Berkeley Institute of Governmental Studies, 57% of voters think the state is “off on the wrong track.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He also has an opportunity, I think, to draw a line on issues that (are) probably a little bit more centrist, a little bit closer to the median California voter,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a debate earlier this year, he said he would vote against a national ban on abortions. Yet Garvey has not provided a lot of specifics on other policy positions, focusing instead on trying to evoke nostalgia for what he sees as a prior golden era, promising a return to the “good old days.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979594\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979594\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1066\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Garvey of the Los Angeles Dodgers bats against the New York Yankees during the World Series at Dodger Stadium in Los Angeles in October 1981. \u003ccite>(Focus on Sport via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Garvey often notes that when he came to California in the 1960s, the state was “the heartbeat of America, but now it’s just a murmur.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was a Beach Boys era in Southern California history,” said GOP consultant Mike Madrid, an ardent opponent of former President Trump’s brand of Republicanism and a co-founder of the \u003ca href=\"https://lincolnproject.us/\">Lincoln Project, \u003c/a>adding that the state’s 1960s era no longer resonates with as many Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the exception of Arnold Schwarzenegger, who sort of transcended partisan politics, that Republican ceiling has remained remarkably consistent for the better part of 25 years,” Madrid said, referring to the actor-turned-Republican governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Garvey faces long odds to ‘get back in the game’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In October, the low profile Garvey kept at his home near Palm Springs was interrupted when he released \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NC44seizfO8&t=2s\">a video\u003c/a> announcing a run for the U.S. Senate, promising to run a “common sense campaign” for the seat held by Dianne Feinstein until her death last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s time to get off the bench,” he said in the video. “It’s time to put the uniform back on. It’s time to get back in the game.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garvey entered a race dominated by three Democrats already representing California in Congress, Reps. Barbara Lee, Katie Porter and Adam Schiff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979596\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979596\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1066\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Candidates, from left, Rep. Barbara Lee (D-Calif.), Rep. Adam Schiff (D-Calif.), Rep. Katie Porter (D-Calif.) and former baseball player Steve Garvey, stand on stage during a televised debate on Jan. 22 in Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Damian Dovarganes/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As the only Republican when the candidates first faced off on the debate stage in January, Garvey sought to portray himself as a pragmatic, moderate Republican.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there was one problem with that portrayal. He voted for Donald Trump twice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a state where President Biden beat Trump by about 30 points in 2020, that matters. His support for Trump hounded him at all three debates before the March primary. When asked if he would vote for Trump against President Biden, Garvey replied, “I will look at the two opponents, I will determine what they did, and at that time, I will make my choice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11978232,news_11978528,news_11973349\"]That prompted this sarcastic response from Congresswoman Porter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, California, I think what they say is true. ‘Once a Dodger, always a Dodger,'” receiving laughs from the debate audience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Schiff, who built a national reputation as the former president’s leading adversary in Congress during his time as chairman of the House Intelligence Committee, saw Garvey’s earlier support for Trump as an opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under California’s primary system, the top two finishers in the March primary will face off in November, regardless of party. And Schiff — who led in pre-election polls — knew that facing the Republican Garvey would be a much easier lift than a runoff against another Democrat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff then spent millions of dollars on television ads highlighting Garvey’s votes for Trump and claimed that Garvey was “too conservative for California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ads helped raise his profile among Republicans, elevating Garvey over other GOP candidates on the primary ballot. Porter argued that the ads actually helped consolidate Republican votes for Garvey, a view widely shared by campaign professionals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it worked, perhaps even better than Schiff could have imagined. Not only did it boost Garvey into the top two and a November runoff, as \u003ca href=\"https://electionresults.sos.ca.gov/returns/us-senate\">ballots continue to be counted, \u003c/a>Garvey and Schiff are nearly tied for first place in two separate races for the open Senate seat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Steve Garvey\"]‘What you are feeling tonight is what it’s like to hit a walk-off home run. Keep in mind, this is the first game of a doubleheader, so keep the evening of Nov. 5th open.’[/pullquote]In November, voters have two Senate elections to decide who will finish the rest of the late Sen. Dianne Feinstein’s term and who will fill a full six-year term starting in January 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following Super Tuesday’s primary results, Schiff and Garvey are the top two candidates for both elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On election night following the primary, Garvey wasted no time celebrating the outcome — with yet more baseball metaphors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What you are feeling tonight is what it’s like to hit a walk-off home run. Keep in mind, this is the first game of a doubleheader, so keep the evening of Nov. 5th open,” Garvey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "What lies ahead for the former first baseman who is headed to a runoff election for an open U.S. Senate seat in California against Democratic Congressman Adam Schiff.",
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"title": "Former LA Dodger Steve Garvey Aims for the Wall in US Senate Race | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the 1970s and ’80s, baseball fans got used to Steve Garvey smashing winning home runs and clutch hits in key games. In 1981, Garvey led the Los Angeles Dodgers to a World Series victory. In a nearly two-decade baseball career, Garvey was named MVP for the Dodgers and, later, the San Diego Padres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the former first baseman is headed to a very different kind of competition, a runoff election for an open U.S. Senate seat in California against Democratic Congressman Adam Schiff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garvey hopes to become the first Republican elected to represent California in the Senate since 1988. That won’t be easy in a state where \u003ca href=\"https://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/ror/15day-presprim-2024/complete-ror.pdf\">registered Democrats heavily outnumber Republicans\u003c/a> by nearly two to one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">A political outsider hopes to leverage discontent\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Marva Diaz, a political strategist who owns \u003ca href=\"https://californiatargetbook.com/\">California Target Book,\u003c/a> a nonpartisan publication tracking elections in California, said while Garvey hit a home run in the primary, a low turnout affair that skewed older and more Republican, that was the easy part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“November is a whole new ballgame, right? That turnout is going to be different. There are different things on the ballot that they’re going to be turning out for,” Diaz said, suggesting that a larger November voter turnout will help Schiff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘His candidacy represents something very different, I think, for California Republicans. … He also has an opportunity, I think, to draw a line on issues that (are) probably a little bit more centrist, a little bit closer to the median California voter.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Adding to his challenges, Diaz said the RNC is unlikely to spend major amounts of money on a long shot campaign like Garvey’s when there are other more competitive races they are facing in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Lanhee Chen, who ran an unsuccessful bid as the Republican candidate for California’s state controller two years ago, said Garvey’s emergence despite his odds is significant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“His candidacy represents something very different, I think, for California Republicans,” said Chen, who is now a fellow at Stanford University’s Hoover Institution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chen thinks Garvey can win over undecided voters by appealing to their dissatisfaction with politics as usual. In a \u003ca href=\"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46g7q3hk\">recent poll \u003c/a>from the UC Berkeley Institute of Governmental Studies, 57% of voters think the state is “off on the wrong track.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He also has an opportunity, I think, to draw a line on issues that (are) probably a little bit more centrist, a little bit closer to the median California voter,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a debate earlier this year, he said he would vote against a national ban on abortions. Yet Garvey has not provided a lot of specifics on other policy positions, focusing instead on trying to evoke nostalgia for what he sees as a prior golden era, promising a return to the “good old days.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979594\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979594\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1066\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Garvey of the Los Angeles Dodgers bats against the New York Yankees during the World Series at Dodger Stadium in Los Angeles in October 1981. \u003ccite>(Focus on Sport via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Garvey often notes that when he came to California in the 1960s, the state was “the heartbeat of America, but now it’s just a murmur.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was a Beach Boys era in Southern California history,” said GOP consultant Mike Madrid, an ardent opponent of former President Trump’s brand of Republicanism and a co-founder of the \u003ca href=\"https://lincolnproject.us/\">Lincoln Project, \u003c/a>adding that the state’s 1960s era no longer resonates with as many Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the exception of Arnold Schwarzenegger, who sort of transcended partisan politics, that Republican ceiling has remained remarkably consistent for the better part of 25 years,” Madrid said, referring to the actor-turned-Republican governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Garvey faces long odds to ‘get back in the game’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In October, the low profile Garvey kept at his home near Palm Springs was interrupted when he released \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NC44seizfO8&t=2s\">a video\u003c/a> announcing a run for the U.S. Senate, promising to run a “common sense campaign” for the seat held by Dianne Feinstein until her death last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s time to get off the bench,” he said in the video. “It’s time to put the uniform back on. It’s time to get back in the game.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garvey entered a race dominated by three Democrats already representing California in Congress, Reps. Barbara Lee, Katie Porter and Adam Schiff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979596\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979596\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1066\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Candidates, from left, Rep. Barbara Lee (D-Calif.), Rep. Adam Schiff (D-Calif.), Rep. Katie Porter (D-Calif.) and former baseball player Steve Garvey, stand on stage during a televised debate on Jan. 22 in Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Damian Dovarganes/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As the only Republican when the candidates first faced off on the debate stage in January, Garvey sought to portray himself as a pragmatic, moderate Republican.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there was one problem with that portrayal. He voted for Donald Trump twice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a state where President Biden beat Trump by about 30 points in 2020, that matters. His support for Trump hounded him at all three debates before the March primary. When asked if he would vote for Trump against President Biden, Garvey replied, “I will look at the two opponents, I will determine what they did, and at that time, I will make my choice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>That prompted this sarcastic response from Congresswoman Porter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, California, I think what they say is true. ‘Once a Dodger, always a Dodger,'” receiving laughs from the debate audience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Schiff, who built a national reputation as the former president’s leading adversary in Congress during his time as chairman of the House Intelligence Committee, saw Garvey’s earlier support for Trump as an opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under California’s primary system, the top two finishers in the March primary will face off in November, regardless of party. And Schiff — who led in pre-election polls — knew that facing the Republican Garvey would be a much easier lift than a runoff against another Democrat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff then spent millions of dollars on television ads highlighting Garvey’s votes for Trump and claimed that Garvey was “too conservative for California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ads helped raise his profile among Republicans, elevating Garvey over other GOP candidates on the primary ballot. Porter argued that the ads actually helped consolidate Republican votes for Garvey, a view widely shared by campaign professionals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it worked, perhaps even better than Schiff could have imagined. Not only did it boost Garvey into the top two and a November runoff, as \u003ca href=\"https://electionresults.sos.ca.gov/returns/us-senate\">ballots continue to be counted, \u003c/a>Garvey and Schiff are nearly tied for first place in two separate races for the open Senate seat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘What you are feeling tonight is what it’s like to hit a walk-off home run. Keep in mind, this is the first game of a doubleheader, so keep the evening of Nov. 5th open.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In November, voters have two Senate elections to decide who will finish the rest of the late Sen. Dianne Feinstein’s term and who will fill a full six-year term starting in January 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following Super Tuesday’s primary results, Schiff and Garvey are the top two candidates for both elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On election night following the primary, Garvey wasted no time celebrating the outcome — with yet more baseball metaphors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What you are feeling tonight is what it’s like to hit a walk-off home run. Keep in mind, this is the first game of a doubleheader, so keep the evening of Nov. 5th open,” Garvey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Why the House Voted to Ban TikTok and What Could Come Next",
"headTitle": "Why the House Voted to Ban TikTok and What Could Come Next | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated March 13, 2024 at 9:25 AM PT\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House voted overwhelmingly Wednesday to approve a bipartisan bill that would require ByteDance, the parent company of TikTok, to sell the social media app or face a ban on all U.S. devices. The vote was 352–65.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Rep. Mike Gallagher\"]‘What we’re after is, it’s not a ban, it’s a forced separation.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation’s fate is unclear in the Senate. The top two lawmakers on the Senate Intelligence Committee, Sens. Marco Rubio (R-Fla.) and Mark Warner (D-Va.), released a joint statement praising the House bill and urging Senate action, but the timeline is unclear. Several lawmakers have suggested that the Senate hold hearings on the legislation before moving forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Mike Gallagher (R-Wis.), who chairs the House Select Committee on China and is the lead GOP sponsor of the bipartisan bill, maintains that the bill does not amount to a ban on the video-sharing app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we’re after is, it’s not a ban, it’s a forced separation,” Gallagher told NPR. “The TikTok user experience can continue and improve so long as ByteDance doesn’t own the company.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In practice, however, the bill would ban TikTok in the United States. Both the company and China, historically, have refused to consider divestiture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TikTok has said the banning of a social media platform would amount to a violation of the free speech rights of millions of Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"education_536058\" label=\"Related Story\"]Gallagher says classified and unclassified national security assessments show that the app is a threat to user privacy and that it’s been used to target journalists and interfere in elections. Top officials from intelligence and national security agencies conducted a classified briefing on their analysis for all House members on Tuesday. Classified information is not made public, in part, because it deals with national security matters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/03/23/1165579717/tiktok-congress-hearing-shou-zi-chew-project-texas\">have not\u003c/a> offered\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/08/29/907316522/tiktok-workers-feel-anxiety-anger-and-rage-amid-trump-crackdown\"> public\u003c/a> evidence of the Chinese Communist Party using the app for surveillance or propaganda purposes, though \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/02/02/1153448116/tiktok-la-media-briefing-project-texas\">experts say\u003c/a> it is theoretically possible that Beijing could use TikTok to push its agenda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FBI Director Christopher Wray has also publicly testified about his concerns about the app, including during an appearance last week at a Senate hearing on worldwide threats to U.S. security. In that testimony, Wray told members of the Senate Intelligence Committee that the Chinese government could use the app to control software on millions of devices, among other concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not sure that we would see many of the outward signs of it happening if it was happening,” Wray said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House Energy and Commerce Committee unanimously approved the bipartisan measure last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Lobbying campaign flooded offices on Capitol Hill with calls\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Gallagher says the lobbying campaign that TikTok launched — with push notices using location information to connect users by phone to their member of Congress — proves why the bill is needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You had member offices being deluged with calls, you know, teenagers crying and one threatening suicide and one impersonating one of my colleague’s sons,” he said. “That, to me, demonstrates how the platform could be weaponized in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://selectcommitteeontheccp.house.gov/sites/evo-subsites/selectcommitteeontheccp.house.gov/files/evo-media-document/Protecting%20Americans%20From%20Foriegn%20Adversary%20Controlled%20Applications_3.5.24.pdf\">bipartisan bill,\u003c/a> dubbed the “Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act,” blocks any app store or web-hosting services in the U.S. for ByteDance-controlled applications, including TikTok, unless the app severs ties to ByteDance, under a designation that it’s subject to the control of a foreign adversary. The bill gives ByteDance up to six months to divest, and if it doesn’t do that, it will no longer be available in app stores in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill also sets up a process for the president to address any future threats from any foreign-owned apps if they are deemed a national security risk. It also creates a system for users to download their own data and switch to an alternate platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Opponents cite freedom of speech and the economic impact of a ban\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At 27 years old, Florida Democratic Rep. Maxwell Frost is the youngest member of Congress, and he opposes the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that it is a violation of people’s First Amendment rights,” he said. “TikTok is a place for people to express ideas. I have many small businesses in my district and content creators in my district, and I think it’s going to drastically impact them, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and other opponents say the bill is being rushed through and that many lawmakers don’t grasp the impact it could have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TikTok declined an interview with NPR. In a statement, a spokesperson said: “The government is attempting to strip 170 million Americans of their Constitutional right to free expression. This will damage millions of businesses, deny artists an audience, and destroy the livelihoods of countless creators across the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocacy groups, including the American Civil Liberties Union, have called the bill “censorship plain and simple,” arguing that “jeopardizing access to the platform jeopardizes access to free expression.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Illinois Democrat Raja Krishnamoorthi is the ranking Democrat on the House Select Committee on China and helped write the bill. He pushed back on the company’s argument, telling NPR, “There’s no First Amendment right to espionage; there’s no First Amendment right to harm our national security.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company stresses that it has established a data firewall by partnering with Austin-based software company Oracle. Dubbed “Project Texas,” the new system routes all U.S. user traffic to Oracle, which now also controls the servers storing Americans’ TikTok data. Still, the plan has not received the blessing from officials in Washington, who have said it falls short of a full breakup with ByteDance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Krishnamoorthi says he and other lawmakers reviewed the efforts and that the company’s claims about its safeguards were false. “Whether it was TikTok saying that, ‘Oh, American user data is not going to be accessible to anyone in China.’ Again, wrong. That was also proven false. And then they said that American user data is not going to be used to target anybody again. Wrong. That was false.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even opponents of the bill expected it to easily clear the House, so TikTok is focused on blocking action in the Senate. According to a source familiar with the effort, CEO Shou Zi Chew was in Washington this week and on Capitol Hill to discuss the bill with lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Missouri Republican Sen. Josh Hawley backs the House bill. He says he’s frustrated that Congress has failed to move tech legislation and argues TikTok is different from other apps. “The really only reason to ban it — it is a major national security concern — and that makes it very different from Google and Meta and the others who do all kinds of bad stuff, but they are not effective subsidiaries of a hostile foreign government.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Presidential campaign politics could impact path for bill\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Former President Donald Trump, the presumptive GOP presidential nominee, proposed a ban in 2020 when he was in the White House. But he does not support the House bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he served as president, he vowed to ban the social media app. Trump explained his new opposition in \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/trump-says-tiktok-national-security-threat-facebook-enemy-people-rcna142733\">an interview with CNBC \u003c/a>on Monday, saying that despite the possible security risk, he opposed a ban because it meant users would move to another platform that he considered more dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of good, and there’s a lot of bad with TikTok. But the thing I don’t like is that without TikTok, you can make Facebook bigger, and I consider Facebook to be an enemy of the people along with a lot of the media,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Biden’s campaign posts regularly on TikTok, but the White House has said if a bill is sent to his desk,\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/06/1236363592/biden-tiktok-ban\"> he’ll sign it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a law is enacted, the fight might not end there: TikTok has mounted legal challenges against other efforts to ban the app, and courts have sided with its argument that blocking TikTok violates users’ First Amendment rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Claudia Grisales contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Why+the+House+voted+to+ban+TikTok+and+what+could+come+next&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The House voted overwhelmingly Wednesday to approve a bill that would force parent company ByteDance to sell TikTok or face a ban on the social media app on U.S. devices.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated March 13, 2024 at 9:25 AM PT\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House voted overwhelmingly Wednesday to approve a bipartisan bill that would require ByteDance, the parent company of TikTok, to sell the social media app or face a ban on all U.S. devices. The vote was 352–65.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘What we’re after is, it’s not a ban, it’s a forced separation.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation’s fate is unclear in the Senate. The top two lawmakers on the Senate Intelligence Committee, Sens. Marco Rubio (R-Fla.) and Mark Warner (D-Va.), released a joint statement praising the House bill and urging Senate action, but the timeline is unclear. Several lawmakers have suggested that the Senate hold hearings on the legislation before moving forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Mike Gallagher (R-Wis.), who chairs the House Select Committee on China and is the lead GOP sponsor of the bipartisan bill, maintains that the bill does not amount to a ban on the video-sharing app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we’re after is, it’s not a ban, it’s a forced separation,” Gallagher told NPR. “The TikTok user experience can continue and improve so long as ByteDance doesn’t own the company.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In practice, however, the bill would ban TikTok in the United States. Both the company and China, historically, have refused to consider divestiture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TikTok has said the banning of a social media platform would amount to a violation of the free speech rights of millions of Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Gallagher says classified and unclassified national security assessments show that the app is a threat to user privacy and that it’s been used to target journalists and interfere in elections. Top officials from intelligence and national security agencies conducted a classified briefing on their analysis for all House members on Tuesday. Classified information is not made public, in part, because it deals with national security matters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/03/23/1165579717/tiktok-congress-hearing-shou-zi-chew-project-texas\">have not\u003c/a> offered\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/08/29/907316522/tiktok-workers-feel-anxiety-anger-and-rage-amid-trump-crackdown\"> public\u003c/a> evidence of the Chinese Communist Party using the app for surveillance or propaganda purposes, though \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/02/02/1153448116/tiktok-la-media-briefing-project-texas\">experts say\u003c/a> it is theoretically possible that Beijing could use TikTok to push its agenda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FBI Director Christopher Wray has also publicly testified about his concerns about the app, including during an appearance last week at a Senate hearing on worldwide threats to U.S. security. In that testimony, Wray told members of the Senate Intelligence Committee that the Chinese government could use the app to control software on millions of devices, among other concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not sure that we would see many of the outward signs of it happening if it was happening,” Wray said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House Energy and Commerce Committee unanimously approved the bipartisan measure last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Lobbying campaign flooded offices on Capitol Hill with calls\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Gallagher says the lobbying campaign that TikTok launched — with push notices using location information to connect users by phone to their member of Congress — proves why the bill is needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You had member offices being deluged with calls, you know, teenagers crying and one threatening suicide and one impersonating one of my colleague’s sons,” he said. “That, to me, demonstrates how the platform could be weaponized in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://selectcommitteeontheccp.house.gov/sites/evo-subsites/selectcommitteeontheccp.house.gov/files/evo-media-document/Protecting%20Americans%20From%20Foriegn%20Adversary%20Controlled%20Applications_3.5.24.pdf\">bipartisan bill,\u003c/a> dubbed the “Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act,” blocks any app store or web-hosting services in the U.S. for ByteDance-controlled applications, including TikTok, unless the app severs ties to ByteDance, under a designation that it’s subject to the control of a foreign adversary. The bill gives ByteDance up to six months to divest, and if it doesn’t do that, it will no longer be available in app stores in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill also sets up a process for the president to address any future threats from any foreign-owned apps if they are deemed a national security risk. It also creates a system for users to download their own data and switch to an alternate platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Opponents cite freedom of speech and the economic impact of a ban\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At 27 years old, Florida Democratic Rep. Maxwell Frost is the youngest member of Congress, and he opposes the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that it is a violation of people’s First Amendment rights,” he said. “TikTok is a place for people to express ideas. I have many small businesses in my district and content creators in my district, and I think it’s going to drastically impact them, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and other opponents say the bill is being rushed through and that many lawmakers don’t grasp the impact it could have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TikTok declined an interview with NPR. In a statement, a spokesperson said: “The government is attempting to strip 170 million Americans of their Constitutional right to free expression. This will damage millions of businesses, deny artists an audience, and destroy the livelihoods of countless creators across the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocacy groups, including the American Civil Liberties Union, have called the bill “censorship plain and simple,” arguing that “jeopardizing access to the platform jeopardizes access to free expression.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Illinois Democrat Raja Krishnamoorthi is the ranking Democrat on the House Select Committee on China and helped write the bill. He pushed back on the company’s argument, telling NPR, “There’s no First Amendment right to espionage; there’s no First Amendment right to harm our national security.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company stresses that it has established a data firewall by partnering with Austin-based software company Oracle. Dubbed “Project Texas,” the new system routes all U.S. user traffic to Oracle, which now also controls the servers storing Americans’ TikTok data. Still, the plan has not received the blessing from officials in Washington, who have said it falls short of a full breakup with ByteDance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Krishnamoorthi says he and other lawmakers reviewed the efforts and that the company’s claims about its safeguards were false. “Whether it was TikTok saying that, ‘Oh, American user data is not going to be accessible to anyone in China.’ Again, wrong. That was also proven false. And then they said that American user data is not going to be used to target anybody again. Wrong. That was false.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even opponents of the bill expected it to easily clear the House, so TikTok is focused on blocking action in the Senate. According to a source familiar with the effort, CEO Shou Zi Chew was in Washington this week and on Capitol Hill to discuss the bill with lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Missouri Republican Sen. Josh Hawley backs the House bill. He says he’s frustrated that Congress has failed to move tech legislation and argues TikTok is different from other apps. “The really only reason to ban it — it is a major national security concern — and that makes it very different from Google and Meta and the others who do all kinds of bad stuff, but they are not effective subsidiaries of a hostile foreign government.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Presidential campaign politics could impact path for bill\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Former President Donald Trump, the presumptive GOP presidential nominee, proposed a ban in 2020 when he was in the White House. But he does not support the House bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he served as president, he vowed to ban the social media app. Trump explained his new opposition in \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/trump-says-tiktok-national-security-threat-facebook-enemy-people-rcna142733\">an interview with CNBC \u003c/a>on Monday, saying that despite the possible security risk, he opposed a ban because it meant users would move to another platform that he considered more dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of good, and there’s a lot of bad with TikTok. But the thing I don’t like is that without TikTok, you can make Facebook bigger, and I consider Facebook to be an enemy of the people along with a lot of the media,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Biden’s campaign posts regularly on TikTok, but the White House has said if a bill is sent to his desk,\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/06/1236363592/biden-tiktok-ban\"> he’ll sign it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a law is enacted, the fight might not end there: TikTok has mounted legal challenges against other efforts to ban the app, and courts have sided with its argument that blocking TikTok violates users’ First Amendment rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Claudia Grisales contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Why+the+House+voted+to+ban+TikTok+and+what+could+come+next&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>During his State of the Union address, President Joe Biden reached for one of his top recent peeves: shrinkflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Too many corporations raise prices to pad the profits, charging more and more for less and less,” Biden said. He complained about skimpier Snickers bars and added: “The snack companies think you won’t notice if they change the size of the bag and put a hell of a lot fewer — same size bag — put fewer chips in it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less coffee in a can, more air in a bag of cereal, fewer sheets in a toilet paper roll — shrinkflation lets higher prices hide in plain sight without instantly shocking shoppers. NPR’s Planet Money dubbed it “\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/money/2021/07/06/1012409112/beware-of-shrinkflation-inflations-devious-cousin\">inflation’s devious cousin\u003c/a>.”[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"President Joe Biden\"]‘The snack companies think you won’t notice if they change the size of the bag and put a hell of a lot fewer — same size bag — put fewer chips in it.’[/pullquote]Last year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/01/26/1147894382/walmart-price-inflation-supply-chain-economy\">NPR’s research found\u003c/a>, for instance, Dove shrunk its soap and Tide shrunk its laundry detergent jugs, while both also slightly raised prices. For shoppers, financial experts recommended considering the price per unit (per ounce or per item in a pack) to assess price changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, even a beloved blue-haired Sesame Street resident got roped into the growing political debate about the government’s role in battling shrinkflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Me hate shrinkflation!” Cookie Monster \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MeCookieMonster/status/1764692032914690276\">wrote in on X (formerly Twitter)\u003c/a>. “Me cookies are getting smaller.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House instantly \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/WhiteHouse/status/1764765909485298066\">posted in response\u003c/a>: “C is for consumers getting ripped off.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why shrinkflation sticks around\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>These days, household paper products and snacks get downsized the most, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-12/measuring-shrinkflation-and-its-impact-on-inflation.htm\">2023 report\u003c/a> by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The agency tracks shrinkflation as part of its research on consumer prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, shrinkflation affects a small portion of products, government experts found, and manufacturers are downsizing less frequently than they did a decade ago, although the changes can be dramatic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To explain themselves, companies tend to cite higher costs of making stuff. This could be \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/27/1184027892/china-tariffs-biden-trump\">tariffs on Chinese imports\u003c/a> put by the Trump administration, the soaring price of shipping during the pandemic \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/1054134188/stuck-in-transit-the-supply-chain-in-disarray\">supply-chain crisis\u003c/a>, higher wages to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/1017985033/help-wanted-where-are-the-workers\">attract workers\u003c/a> or bad harvests of specific ingredients \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/12/1230120289/valentines-day-chocolate-cocoa-prices\">like cocoa\u003c/a>.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Cookie Monster, Sesame Street\"]‘Me hate shrinkflation! Me cookies are getting smaller.’[/pullquote]Shrinkflation feels particularly painful at a time of high food prices overall. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/16/1219574403/economy-inflation-prices-wages-disinflation-deflation-interest-rates\">Inflation has cooled significantly\u003c/a>, and wages have been climbing faster than prices. But prices are still inching up after inflation hit a four-decade high in 2022. Workers’ buying power has yet to fully recover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And prices get sticky. Historically, it takes longer for companies to lower price tags after hiking them. For months, consumer goods companies found shoppers grumbling about higher prices, sure, but still buying stuff nonetheless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/24/1233702523/checking-in-on-the-economy-ahead-of-election-season\">some are starting to lose business\u003c/a> as more people have begun to walk away from pricier goods. More retailers are talking about “deflation” — reducing prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Democrats blame ‘greedflation’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The White House this week launched a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2024/03/07/fact-sheet-president-biden-is-taking-action-to-lower-costs-for-families-and-fight-corporate-rip-offs/\">strike force\u003c/a>” on pricing, which aimed at \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/06/1235955054/biden-junk-fees-state-of-the-union\">junk fees\u003c/a>, credit card \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/05/1235973211/credit-card-late-fees-cap-junk-fees-cfpb\">late fees\u003c/a> and many \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2024/03/07/fact-sheet-president-biden-announces-plan-to-lower-housing-costs-for-working-families/#:~:text=As%20part%20of%20the%20Strike,deceptive%2C%20or%20fraudulent%20business%20practices.\">other costs\u003c/a>. Biden is attempting to sway voters, who keep telling pollsters they disapprove of his handling of the economy despite \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/02/1228587247/jobs-labor-employers-economy-inflation-interest-rates\">strong job gains\u003c/a>, low unemployment and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/02/1228587247/jobs-labor-employers-economy-inflation-interest-rates\">faster GDP growth\u003c/a> than many forecasters had expected. [aside label='More on Politics' tag='politics']Bringing up shrinkflation in the State of the Union, the president once again backed \u003ca href=\"https://www.casey.senate.gov/news/releases/stop-shrinkflation-casey-introduces-legislation-to-crack-down-on-big-corporations-shrinking-products-without-reducing-prices\">a bill by Sen. Bob Casey\u003c/a> (D-Penn.), that would give more policing power to the Federal Trade Commission and state attorneys general.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.casey.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/shrinkflation_report.pdf\">A recent report by Casey’s office (PDF)\u003c/a> said corporate profits grew more than five times faster than inflation between mid-2020 and mid-2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics of Biden’s war on shrinkflation present it as a new attempt at federal price controls, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.stlouisfed.org/publications/regional-economist/2022/mar/why-price-controls-should-stay-history-books\">historically has often been\u003c/a> an ill-fated policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This effort by the Biden Administration to use regulatory agencies to micromanage how private businesses set prices will have the same result: shortages, fewer choices for consumers, a weaker economy, and less jobs,” the U.S. Chamber of Commerce’s Neil Bradley \u003ca href=\"https://www.uschamber.com/finance/antitrust/u-s-chamber-white-house-strike-force-an-attempt-to-return-to-government-price-controls\">said about Biden’s strike force\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What about potato chips?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Now, on the matter of shrinkflation in potato chips specifically?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One company, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fritolay.com/brands\">Frito-Lay\u003c/a>, makes many of the most popular chips: Lay’s, Doritos, Cheetos, Fritos, Ruffles, Tostitos, SunChips, Stacey’s chips and chip-adjacent Funyuns. The firm is owned by Pepsi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frito-Lay’s representatives did not respond to NPR’s question about whether — or when — the company planned to add more chips to each bag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>During his State of the Union address, President Joe Biden reached for one of his top recent peeves: shrinkflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Too many corporations raise prices to pad the profits, charging more and more for less and less,” Biden said. He complained about skimpier Snickers bars and added: “The snack companies think you won’t notice if they change the size of the bag and put a hell of a lot fewer — same size bag — put fewer chips in it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less coffee in a can, more air in a bag of cereal, fewer sheets in a toilet paper roll — shrinkflation lets higher prices hide in plain sight without instantly shocking shoppers. NPR’s Planet Money dubbed it “\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/money/2021/07/06/1012409112/beware-of-shrinkflation-inflations-devious-cousin\">inflation’s devious cousin\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘The snack companies think you won’t notice if they change the size of the bag and put a hell of a lot fewer — same size bag — put fewer chips in it.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Last year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/01/26/1147894382/walmart-price-inflation-supply-chain-economy\">NPR’s research found\u003c/a>, for instance, Dove shrunk its soap and Tide shrunk its laundry detergent jugs, while both also slightly raised prices. For shoppers, financial experts recommended considering the price per unit (per ounce or per item in a pack) to assess price changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, even a beloved blue-haired Sesame Street resident got roped into the growing political debate about the government’s role in battling shrinkflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Me hate shrinkflation!” Cookie Monster \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MeCookieMonster/status/1764692032914690276\">wrote in on X (formerly Twitter)\u003c/a>. “Me cookies are getting smaller.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House instantly \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/WhiteHouse/status/1764765909485298066\">posted in response\u003c/a>: “C is for consumers getting ripped off.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why shrinkflation sticks around\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>These days, household paper products and snacks get downsized the most, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-12/measuring-shrinkflation-and-its-impact-on-inflation.htm\">2023 report\u003c/a> by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The agency tracks shrinkflation as part of its research on consumer prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, shrinkflation affects a small portion of products, government experts found, and manufacturers are downsizing less frequently than they did a decade ago, although the changes can be dramatic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To explain themselves, companies tend to cite higher costs of making stuff. This could be \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/27/1184027892/china-tariffs-biden-trump\">tariffs on Chinese imports\u003c/a> put by the Trump administration, the soaring price of shipping during the pandemic \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/1054134188/stuck-in-transit-the-supply-chain-in-disarray\">supply-chain crisis\u003c/a>, higher wages to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/1017985033/help-wanted-where-are-the-workers\">attract workers\u003c/a> or bad harvests of specific ingredients \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/12/1230120289/valentines-day-chocolate-cocoa-prices\">like cocoa\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Shrinkflation feels particularly painful at a time of high food prices overall. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/16/1219574403/economy-inflation-prices-wages-disinflation-deflation-interest-rates\">Inflation has cooled significantly\u003c/a>, and wages have been climbing faster than prices. But prices are still inching up after inflation hit a four-decade high in 2022. Workers’ buying power has yet to fully recover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And prices get sticky. Historically, it takes longer for companies to lower price tags after hiking them. For months, consumer goods companies found shoppers grumbling about higher prices, sure, but still buying stuff nonetheless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/24/1233702523/checking-in-on-the-economy-ahead-of-election-season\">some are starting to lose business\u003c/a> as more people have begun to walk away from pricier goods. More retailers are talking about “deflation” — reducing prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Democrats blame ‘greedflation’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The White House this week launched a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2024/03/07/fact-sheet-president-biden-is-taking-action-to-lower-costs-for-families-and-fight-corporate-rip-offs/\">strike force\u003c/a>” on pricing, which aimed at \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/06/1235955054/biden-junk-fees-state-of-the-union\">junk fees\u003c/a>, credit card \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/05/1235973211/credit-card-late-fees-cap-junk-fees-cfpb\">late fees\u003c/a> and many \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2024/03/07/fact-sheet-president-biden-announces-plan-to-lower-housing-costs-for-working-families/#:~:text=As%20part%20of%20the%20Strike,deceptive%2C%20or%20fraudulent%20business%20practices.\">other costs\u003c/a>. Biden is attempting to sway voters, who keep telling pollsters they disapprove of his handling of the economy despite \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/02/1228587247/jobs-labor-employers-economy-inflation-interest-rates\">strong job gains\u003c/a>, low unemployment and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/02/1228587247/jobs-labor-employers-economy-inflation-interest-rates\">faster GDP growth\u003c/a> than many forecasters had expected. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Bringing up shrinkflation in the State of the Union, the president once again backed \u003ca href=\"https://www.casey.senate.gov/news/releases/stop-shrinkflation-casey-introduces-legislation-to-crack-down-on-big-corporations-shrinking-products-without-reducing-prices\">a bill by Sen. Bob Casey\u003c/a> (D-Penn.), that would give more policing power to the Federal Trade Commission and state attorneys general.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.casey.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/shrinkflation_report.pdf\">A recent report by Casey’s office (PDF)\u003c/a> said corporate profits grew more than five times faster than inflation between mid-2020 and mid-2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics of Biden’s war on shrinkflation present it as a new attempt at federal price controls, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.stlouisfed.org/publications/regional-economist/2022/mar/why-price-controls-should-stay-history-books\">historically has often been\u003c/a> an ill-fated policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This effort by the Biden Administration to use regulatory agencies to micromanage how private businesses set prices will have the same result: shortages, fewer choices for consumers, a weaker economy, and less jobs,” the U.S. Chamber of Commerce’s Neil Bradley \u003ca href=\"https://www.uschamber.com/finance/antitrust/u-s-chamber-white-house-strike-force-an-attempt-to-return-to-government-price-controls\">said about Biden’s strike force\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What about potato chips?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Now, on the matter of shrinkflation in potato chips specifically?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One company, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fritolay.com/brands\">Frito-Lay\u003c/a>, makes many of the most popular chips: Lay’s, Doritos, Cheetos, Fritos, Ruffles, Tostitos, SunChips, Stacey’s chips and chip-adjacent Funyuns. The firm is owned by Pepsi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frito-Lay’s representatives did not respond to NPR’s question about whether — or when — the company planned to add more chips to each bag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"headTitle": "Biden’s State of the Union Will Highlight Second-Term Agenda, Says Chief of Staff | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>President Joe Biden’s pitch to 2024 voters will get an even bigger spotlight on Thursday night when he delivers his State of the Union address before a joint session of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The address comes right on the heels of Super Tuesday, the results of which \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/06/1236192892/super-tuesday-results-analysis-trump-biden-haley\">all but guarantee a rematch\u003c/a> between Biden and former president Donald Trump in November. And it’s an opportunity for Biden to highlight his administration’s accomplishments so far, building on \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/02/07/1155250237/biden-makes-a-pitch-to-finish-the-job-in-his-state-of-the-union-address#:~:text=President%20Biden%20delivers%20the%202023%20State%20of%20the%20Union%20address.,-Andrew%20Caballero%2DReynolds&text=In%20his%20State%20of%20the%20Union%20address%20on%20Tuesday%2C%20President,his%20unofficial%20pitch%20for%20reelection.\">last year’s refrain\u003c/a>: “Let’s finish the job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White House Chief of Staff Jeff Zients told Morning Edition’s Steve Inskeep on Wednesday that Biden’s speech will also highlight his agenda for a potential second term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Jeff Zients, White House chief of staff\"]‘I think importantly, the president is also going to call for restoring Roe v. Wade and giving women freedom over their health care. And he’ll talk about protecting, not taking away, freedoms in other areas, as well as voting rights.’[/pullquote]“Lowering costs, continuing to make people’s lives better by investing in childcare, eldercare, paid family and medical leave, continued progress on student debt,” Zients said, listing a few. “But I think importantly, the president is also going to call for restoring Roe v. Wade and giving women freedom over their health care. And he’ll talk about protecting, not taking away, freedoms in other areas, as well as voting rights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Zients also acknowledged that restoring Roe is one of many objectives the president can’t accomplish without Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a period marked by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/06/1229490663/congress-devolves-into-chaos-over-border-and-national-security-funding\">congressional instability, infighting and partisanship\u003c/a>, Republican lawmakers have blocked foreign aid for Ukraine and Israel as well as a would-be \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/07/1229785349/border-deal-ukraine-aid-senate\">landmark border security bill\u003c/a> — in part because of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/06/1229405624/senate-bill-border-security-foreign-aid-republican-opposition\">Trump’s vocal opposition\u003c/a> (which Biden has suggested is an effort to boost his reelection odds).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients acknowledged that “it’s going to be difficult” for Congress to move forward on major issues and said Biden would use his address to urge lawmakers to act urgently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>National polls underscore Americans’ widespread \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/07/1229500337/poll-2024-election-biden-trump-immigration-democracy\">lack of enthusiasm\u003c/a> for either candidate but also show Trump with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/super-tuesday-primary-election-2024/card/what-do-polls-say-about-a-biden-vs-trump-matchup--Nb5fCwD29I0U6J7bt9bQ\">narrow lead over Biden\u003c/a> in their anticipated 2024 matchup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s against this backdrop that Biden will assume the podium at the U.S. Capitol to make his case — both to voters at home and lawmakers in the room.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Support for Ukraine is a ‘no-brainer’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Zients said Congress must act urgently on several major issues, including passing the $118 billion national security supplemental agreement — which includes funding for Israel and Ukraine — and approving resources and policies to manage the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The supplemental passed in the Senate on a bipartisan basis with 70 votes and is awaiting further action by House Speaker Mike Johnson, \u003ca href=\"https://mikejohnson.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=1363\">who said last month\u003c/a> that “the House will have to continue to work on its own will on these important matters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients stressed the urgency behind the bill, arguing that Russia’s invasion has put Ukraine as well as Europe at large “at risk” and that U.S. support is critical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11978535 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/GettyImages-1464158352-1020x680.jpg']“I’ll let the speaker speak for himself, but what I do know is the need is urgent and there’s bipartisan support in the House, and if it’s brought to the floor, it’ll be passed into law,” Zients said. “And I believe that’s what needs to happen. And you’re going to hear the president push Congress to do just that in the State of the Union.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than two years into Russia’s war in Ukraine, U.S. support for additional military aid has dwindled — especially \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/09/19/1199503861/zelenskyy-ukraine-aid-republican-congress-shutdown-spending\">among Republican voters and lawmakers\u003c/a> — but remains a key priority for Biden and the Democratic Party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients said Biden, his team and many members of the House and Senate are “working every angle” to get Ukraine the resources it needs. He said help from other allies is no substitute for the military resources the U.S. is “uniquely positioned” to provide to its own economic benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Look, this is a no-brainer,” Zients added. “We need to defend democracy here at home and we need to create jobs here at home. And we need to lead the world as we always have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Biden can’t act alone at the border\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Immigration has become a top issue in the 2024 race, with both Biden and Trump making \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/29/1234518923/biden-and-trump-are-both-at-the-border-today-staking-out-ground-on-a-key-2024-is\">dueling visits to Texas border communities\u003c/a> last week to outline their competing visions for how to manage the influx of migrants seeking asylum in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients accused some Republicans of prioritizing chaos over order at the border and said the Biden administration can’t “manage the border in an orderly way” without help from Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That, he said, would take the form of policy changes and more resources, such as Border Patrol agents and asylum officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The president has done many executive actions at the border,” Zients added — \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/news/biden-executive-actions-immigration-first-year\">nearly 300 in Biden’s first year\u003c/a> alone. “There’s no executive action that replaces the need for the resources, and also the changes in law to asylum and an emergency order to close down the border, that needs legislation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The administration defends its approach to the Israel-Hamas war\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Biden is also expected to discuss the ongoing conflict in Gaza, where Israel’s military response to the Oct. 7 Hamas attack has killed more than 30,700 Palestinians and displaced more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2024/03/gaza-israels-dehumanisation-displaced-persons-must-end-says-un-expert#:~:text=Since%20Israel%20began%20its%20military,lives%20are%20not%20mere%20statistics.\">75% of the population\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His administration’s response has angered many within the president’s party, from the thousands of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/29/1234602096/joe-biden-uncommitted-age-donald-trump-michigan-gaza-israel\">voters checking “uncommitted”\u003c/a> in protest over his handling of the Israel-Hamas war to other discouraged Democrats \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/28/1234145544/2024-election-michigan-voters-disillusioned-biden-trump\">who may not vote at all\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Jeff Zients, White House chief of staff\"]‘He will talk about his work day and night, and his team’s work, to negotiate an immediate cease-fire for at least six weeks, secure the release of the hostages, get more humanitarian aid in and hopefully be on a path to a possible end to fighting.’[/pullquote]Critics of Biden’s response to the conflict want a permanent cease-fire in Gaza, an end to unconditional U.S. military aid to Israel and a clear path to Palestinian statehood. After more than 13% of Michigan voters voted “uncommitted” in the primary, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/29/1234602096/joe-biden-uncommitted-age-donald-trump-michigan-gaza-israel\">the Biden campaign told NPR\u003c/a> that the president had “received that message many, many times.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients said Biden would make clear that Israel has the right to protect its people and “degrade Hamas” while also addressing the toll on innocent civilians in Gaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He will talk about his work day and night, and his team’s work, to negotiate an immediate cease-fire for at least six weeks, secure the release of the hostages, get more humanitarian aid in, and hopefully be on a path to a possible end to fighting,” Zients said. “And he’ll talk about, as he has the last several months, in the last many years, about enduring peace in the region and the need for a two-state solution, peace between Israel and its Arab neighbors, including Saudi Arabia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/03/05/biden-netanyahu-gantz/\">Inskeep asked if such a settlement would be possible under Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s right-wing government, with whom Biden’s rift appears to be growing\u003c/a> publicly. Zients replied that Biden would continue to work with Israel and Arab nations to accomplish those goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The broadcast interview was produced by Lilly Quiroz and Milton Guevara and edited by Mohamad ElBardicy. The digital version was edited by Olivia Hampton.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Joe Biden’s pitch to 2024 voters will get an even bigger spotlight on Thursday night when he delivers his State of the Union address before a joint session of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The address comes right on the heels of Super Tuesday, the results of which \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/06/1236192892/super-tuesday-results-analysis-trump-biden-haley\">all but guarantee a rematch\u003c/a> between Biden and former president Donald Trump in November. And it’s an opportunity for Biden to highlight his administration’s accomplishments so far, building on \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/02/07/1155250237/biden-makes-a-pitch-to-finish-the-job-in-his-state-of-the-union-address#:~:text=President%20Biden%20delivers%20the%202023%20State%20of%20the%20Union%20address.,-Andrew%20Caballero%2DReynolds&text=In%20his%20State%20of%20the%20Union%20address%20on%20Tuesday%2C%20President,his%20unofficial%20pitch%20for%20reelection.\">last year’s refrain\u003c/a>: “Let’s finish the job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White House Chief of Staff Jeff Zients told Morning Edition’s Steve Inskeep on Wednesday that Biden’s speech will also highlight his agenda for a potential second term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘I think importantly, the president is also going to call for restoring Roe v. Wade and giving women freedom over their health care. And he’ll talk about protecting, not taking away, freedoms in other areas, as well as voting rights.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Lowering costs, continuing to make people’s lives better by investing in childcare, eldercare, paid family and medical leave, continued progress on student debt,” Zients said, listing a few. “But I think importantly, the president is also going to call for restoring Roe v. Wade and giving women freedom over their health care. And he’ll talk about protecting, not taking away, freedoms in other areas, as well as voting rights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Zients also acknowledged that restoring Roe is one of many objectives the president can’t accomplish without Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a period marked by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/06/1229490663/congress-devolves-into-chaos-over-border-and-national-security-funding\">congressional instability, infighting and partisanship\u003c/a>, Republican lawmakers have blocked foreign aid for Ukraine and Israel as well as a would-be \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/07/1229785349/border-deal-ukraine-aid-senate\">landmark border security bill\u003c/a> — in part because of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/06/1229405624/senate-bill-border-security-foreign-aid-republican-opposition\">Trump’s vocal opposition\u003c/a> (which Biden has suggested is an effort to boost his reelection odds).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients acknowledged that “it’s going to be difficult” for Congress to move forward on major issues and said Biden would use his address to urge lawmakers to act urgently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>National polls underscore Americans’ widespread \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/07/1229500337/poll-2024-election-biden-trump-immigration-democracy\">lack of enthusiasm\u003c/a> for either candidate but also show Trump with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/super-tuesday-primary-election-2024/card/what-do-polls-say-about-a-biden-vs-trump-matchup--Nb5fCwD29I0U6J7bt9bQ\">narrow lead over Biden\u003c/a> in their anticipated 2024 matchup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s against this backdrop that Biden will assume the podium at the U.S. Capitol to make his case — both to voters at home and lawmakers in the room.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Support for Ukraine is a ‘no-brainer’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Zients said Congress must act urgently on several major issues, including passing the $118 billion national security supplemental agreement — which includes funding for Israel and Ukraine — and approving resources and policies to manage the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The supplemental passed in the Senate on a bipartisan basis with 70 votes and is awaiting further action by House Speaker Mike Johnson, \u003ca href=\"https://mikejohnson.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=1363\">who said last month\u003c/a> that “the House will have to continue to work on its own will on these important matters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients stressed the urgency behind the bill, arguing that Russia’s invasion has put Ukraine as well as Europe at large “at risk” and that U.S. support is critical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“I’ll let the speaker speak for himself, but what I do know is the need is urgent and there’s bipartisan support in the House, and if it’s brought to the floor, it’ll be passed into law,” Zients said. “And I believe that’s what needs to happen. And you’re going to hear the president push Congress to do just that in the State of the Union.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than two years into Russia’s war in Ukraine, U.S. support for additional military aid has dwindled — especially \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/09/19/1199503861/zelenskyy-ukraine-aid-republican-congress-shutdown-spending\">among Republican voters and lawmakers\u003c/a> — but remains a key priority for Biden and the Democratic Party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients said Biden, his team and many members of the House and Senate are “working every angle” to get Ukraine the resources it needs. He said help from other allies is no substitute for the military resources the U.S. is “uniquely positioned” to provide to its own economic benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Look, this is a no-brainer,” Zients added. “We need to defend democracy here at home and we need to create jobs here at home. And we need to lead the world as we always have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Biden can’t act alone at the border\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Immigration has become a top issue in the 2024 race, with both Biden and Trump making \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/29/1234518923/biden-and-trump-are-both-at-the-border-today-staking-out-ground-on-a-key-2024-is\">dueling visits to Texas border communities\u003c/a> last week to outline their competing visions for how to manage the influx of migrants seeking asylum in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients accused some Republicans of prioritizing chaos over order at the border and said the Biden administration can’t “manage the border in an orderly way” without help from Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That, he said, would take the form of policy changes and more resources, such as Border Patrol agents and asylum officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The president has done many executive actions at the border,” Zients added — \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/news/biden-executive-actions-immigration-first-year\">nearly 300 in Biden’s first year\u003c/a> alone. “There’s no executive action that replaces the need for the resources, and also the changes in law to asylum and an emergency order to close down the border, that needs legislation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The administration defends its approach to the Israel-Hamas war\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Biden is also expected to discuss the ongoing conflict in Gaza, where Israel’s military response to the Oct. 7 Hamas attack has killed more than 30,700 Palestinians and displaced more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2024/03/gaza-israels-dehumanisation-displaced-persons-must-end-says-un-expert#:~:text=Since%20Israel%20began%20its%20military,lives%20are%20not%20mere%20statistics.\">75% of the population\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His administration’s response has angered many within the president’s party, from the thousands of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/29/1234602096/joe-biden-uncommitted-age-donald-trump-michigan-gaza-israel\">voters checking “uncommitted”\u003c/a> in protest over his handling of the Israel-Hamas war to other discouraged Democrats \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/28/1234145544/2024-election-michigan-voters-disillusioned-biden-trump\">who may not vote at all\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘He will talk about his work day and night, and his team’s work, to negotiate an immediate cease-fire for at least six weeks, secure the release of the hostages, get more humanitarian aid in and hopefully be on a path to a possible end to fighting.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Critics of Biden’s response to the conflict want a permanent cease-fire in Gaza, an end to unconditional U.S. military aid to Israel and a clear path to Palestinian statehood. After more than 13% of Michigan voters voted “uncommitted” in the primary, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/29/1234602096/joe-biden-uncommitted-age-donald-trump-michigan-gaza-israel\">the Biden campaign told NPR\u003c/a> that the president had “received that message many, many times.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zients said Biden would make clear that Israel has the right to protect its people and “degrade Hamas” while also addressing the toll on innocent civilians in Gaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He will talk about his work day and night, and his team’s work, to negotiate an immediate cease-fire for at least six weeks, secure the release of the hostages, get more humanitarian aid in, and hopefully be on a path to a possible end to fighting,” Zients said. “And he’ll talk about, as he has the last several months, in the last many years, about enduring peace in the region and the need for a two-state solution, peace between Israel and its Arab neighbors, including Saudi Arabia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/03/05/biden-netanyahu-gantz/\">Inskeep asked if such a settlement would be possible under Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s right-wing government, with whom Biden’s rift appears to be growing\u003c/a> publicly. Zients replied that Biden would continue to work with Israel and Arab nations to accomplish those goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The broadcast interview was produced by Lilly Quiroz and Milton Guevara and edited by Mohamad ElBardicy. The digital version was edited by Olivia Hampton.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Not far from the Pacific Ocean, where just to the south, \u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.com/2022/01/19/so-long-offshore-platforms/\">oil platforms\u003c/a> dot the horizon, a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket blasted into space Monday with dozens of satellites on board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four miles away from the launch site, a crowd including scientists, engineers and their families erupted into celebration. They were applauding largely for one satellite on board: \u003ca href=\"https://www.methanesat.org/\">MethaneSAT\u003c/a>, which is built to detect methane. That’s a gas that, in the short term, packs an even bigger planet-warming punch than carbon dioxide.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Steven Hamburg, chief scientist, Environmental Defense Fund\"]‘For the first time [we’ll] have high-quality empirical data for an entire sector across the globe.’[/pullquote]MethaneSAT — led by the Environmental Defense Fund — will focus on spotting methane from the oil and gas industry, which leaks at various parts of the fossil fuel production process. Sometimes, oil companies deliberately burn methane gas if they can’t pipe it somewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reducing methane pollution can help the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/11/20/1213207121/this-is-how-far-behind-the-world-is-on-controlling-planet-warming-pollution#:~:text=Under%20the%20Paris%20Agreement%2C%20nations,re%20currently%20on%20track%20to.\">world meet its climate targets,\u003c/a> but for years, researchers had little understanding of where exactly methane leaks were coming from. \u003ca href=\"https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasa-mission-excels-at-spotting-greenhouse-gas-emission-sources\">Recent projects have helped\u003c/a> give a clearer picture. Still, the data hasn’t always been public or precise — especially from oil fields, says \u003ca href=\"https://www.edf.org/people/steven-hamburg\">Steven Hamburg\u003c/a>, chief scientist for the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) who led the MethaneSAT project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal of MethaneSAT is to have a granular picture of where exactly methane comes from in oil and gas operations around the globe, in places like Texas, Russia and Nigeria. “For the first time [we’ll] have high-quality empirical data for an entire sector across the globe,” Hamburg says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil and gas industry has historically had a culture of confidentiality, says \u003ca href=\"https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/antoine-halff/\">Antoine Halff\u003c/a>, chief analyst at Kayrros, a climate analytics firm. “They like to keep their data private,” he says. “There’s, I think, a cultural discomfort with the transparency provided by independent monitoring.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When this satellite is fully operational in the coming months, it will provide data that will be free to the public. That will allow governments, researchers and others to have an unbiased view from space of most oil and gas operations, says \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.stanford.edu/adam-brandt\">Adam Brandt\u003c/a>, a professor in the Department of Energy Science and Engineering at Stanford University who was not involved with the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The beauty of having MethaneSAT,” Brandt says, is “we don’t have to ask [oil companies] permission nicely to go on site and make measurements, right?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The decision to look at oil and gas pollution\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/44216/eye_on_methane_summary.pdf?sequence=3\">About 30% of global warming\u003c/a> comes from human-caused methane pollution. \u003ca href=\"https://www.edf.org/people/mark-brownstein\">Mark Brownstein\u003c/a>, a senior vice president at EDF, says the question for a long time was how much methane comes from the oil and gas sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other sectors also create methane pollution. Agriculture — specifically gas-belching cows and gas-emitting manure — \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/overview-greenhouse-gases#methane\">is the single biggest source of methane in the U.S\u003c/a>., according to data from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).[aside label='More on Climate Change' tag='climate-change']But focusing on the oil and gas sector was strategic, Hamburg says. Oil and gas have a concentrated number of players with bigger budgets to clean up their operations. “The ability to remediate is much greater, and it’s cost-effective,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past six years, EDF put together a team — including scientists from Harvard University and other groups — to build a satellite to get a better picture of the oil industry. The satellite has sensors specifically designed to pick up the fingerprint of the methane molecule. The sensors now orbiting in space will then send data back to Earth in the coming months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hope is that regulators will use this data, Hamburg says. “There’s interest. There’s conversations, not just with the U.S. EPA, but in other governments and other regulators,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late last year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/02/1216401828/epa-aims-to-slash-the-oil-industrys-climate-warming-methane-pollution\">the EPA made a new rule that, for the first time,\u003c/a> requires oil and gas operators to \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/controlling-air-pollution-oil-and-natural-gas-operations/epas-final-rule-oil-and-natural-gas\">monitor, detect and fix methane leaks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for the EPA says in an emailed statement that the EPA’s new rule “has a mechanism for third-party notifiers using approved remote sensing technologies to be certified — enabling them to notify EPA of methane super-emitter events.” Super-emitter events happen when large amounts of methane are released. “EDF, along with other owners of remote sensing technologies, may apply to be certified,” the EPA says.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Aaron Padilla, vice president of corporate policy, American Petroleum Institute\"]‘Our industry’s experience shows that one really needs to use a range of technologies working together across their strengths and weaknesses in order to get a truly accurate picture of where you have methane emissions.’[/pullquote]\u003ca href=\"https://www.api.org/about/aaron-padilla\">Aaron Padilla\u003c/a>, vice president of corporate policy at the American Petroleum Institute, the country’s largest oil and gas lobby, says his industry has many years of experience using its own satellites and technologies to identify and then reduce methane emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our industry’s experience shows that one really needs to use a range of technologies working together across their strengths and weaknesses in order to get a truly accurate picture of where you have methane emissions,” Padilla says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, Hamburg says he hopes that data from the MethaneSAT will move more oil and gas companies to clean up methane pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is an industry that recognizes that their reputation, their markets are under threat,” Hamburg says. “So, if you’re going to compete in a world in which the demand is going down, you want to prove that you’re a better actor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>MethaneSAT — led by the Environmental Defense Fund — will focus on spotting methane from the oil and gas industry, which leaks at various parts of the fossil fuel production process. Sometimes, oil companies deliberately burn methane gas if they can’t pipe it somewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reducing methane pollution can help the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/11/20/1213207121/this-is-how-far-behind-the-world-is-on-controlling-planet-warming-pollution#:~:text=Under%20the%20Paris%20Agreement%2C%20nations,re%20currently%20on%20track%20to.\">world meet its climate targets,\u003c/a> but for years, researchers had little understanding of where exactly methane leaks were coming from. \u003ca href=\"https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasa-mission-excels-at-spotting-greenhouse-gas-emission-sources\">Recent projects have helped\u003c/a> give a clearer picture. Still, the data hasn’t always been public or precise — especially from oil fields, says \u003ca href=\"https://www.edf.org/people/steven-hamburg\">Steven Hamburg\u003c/a>, chief scientist for the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) who led the MethaneSAT project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal of MethaneSAT is to have a granular picture of where exactly methane comes from in oil and gas operations around the globe, in places like Texas, Russia and Nigeria. “For the first time [we’ll] have high-quality empirical data for an entire sector across the globe,” Hamburg says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil and gas industry has historically had a culture of confidentiality, says \u003ca href=\"https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/antoine-halff/\">Antoine Halff\u003c/a>, chief analyst at Kayrros, a climate analytics firm. “They like to keep their data private,” he says. “There’s, I think, a cultural discomfort with the transparency provided by independent monitoring.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When this satellite is fully operational in the coming months, it will provide data that will be free to the public. That will allow governments, researchers and others to have an unbiased view from space of most oil and gas operations, says \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.stanford.edu/adam-brandt\">Adam Brandt\u003c/a>, a professor in the Department of Energy Science and Engineering at Stanford University who was not involved with the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The beauty of having MethaneSAT,” Brandt says, is “we don’t have to ask [oil companies] permission nicely to go on site and make measurements, right?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The decision to look at oil and gas pollution\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/44216/eye_on_methane_summary.pdf?sequence=3\">About 30% of global warming\u003c/a> comes from human-caused methane pollution. \u003ca href=\"https://www.edf.org/people/mark-brownstein\">Mark Brownstein\u003c/a>, a senior vice president at EDF, says the question for a long time was how much methane comes from the oil and gas sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other sectors also create methane pollution. Agriculture — specifically gas-belching cows and gas-emitting manure — \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/overview-greenhouse-gases#methane\">is the single biggest source of methane in the U.S\u003c/a>., according to data from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But focusing on the oil and gas sector was strategic, Hamburg says. Oil and gas have a concentrated number of players with bigger budgets to clean up their operations. “The ability to remediate is much greater, and it’s cost-effective,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past six years, EDF put together a team — including scientists from Harvard University and other groups — to build a satellite to get a better picture of the oil industry. The satellite has sensors specifically designed to pick up the fingerprint of the methane molecule. The sensors now orbiting in space will then send data back to Earth in the coming months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hope is that regulators will use this data, Hamburg says. “There’s interest. There’s conversations, not just with the U.S. EPA, but in other governments and other regulators,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late last year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/02/1216401828/epa-aims-to-slash-the-oil-industrys-climate-warming-methane-pollution\">the EPA made a new rule that, for the first time,\u003c/a> requires oil and gas operators to \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/controlling-air-pollution-oil-and-natural-gas-operations/epas-final-rule-oil-and-natural-gas\">monitor, detect and fix methane leaks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for the EPA says in an emailed statement that the EPA’s new rule “has a mechanism for third-party notifiers using approved remote sensing technologies to be certified — enabling them to notify EPA of methane super-emitter events.” Super-emitter events happen when large amounts of methane are released. “EDF, along with other owners of remote sensing technologies, may apply to be certified,” the EPA says.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Our industry’s experience shows that one really needs to use a range of technologies working together across their strengths and weaknesses in order to get a truly accurate picture of where you have methane emissions.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.api.org/about/aaron-padilla\">Aaron Padilla\u003c/a>, vice president of corporate policy at the American Petroleum Institute, the country’s largest oil and gas lobby, says his industry has many years of experience using its own satellites and technologies to identify and then reduce methane emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our industry’s experience shows that one really needs to use a range of technologies working together across their strengths and weaknesses in order to get a truly accurate picture of where you have methane emissions,” Padilla says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, Hamburg says he hopes that data from the MethaneSAT will move more oil and gas companies to clean up methane pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is an industry that recognizes that their reputation, their markets are under threat,” Hamburg says. “So, if you’re going to compete in a world in which the demand is going down, you want to prove that you’re a better actor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The SAT, a college admissions exam that for nearly a century was completed using paper and pencil, is now officially all-digital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, students in the U.S. will begin taking the new SAT on their own devices — including a tablet or a laptop — or on school devices. The test is also one hour shorter (down from three hours), has shorter reading passages and uses digital tools, like a highlighter, a graphing calculator and a bookmark to go back to skipped questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revamped test, which ditches the paper and pencil, aims to make cheating harder and grading easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students will still take the exam at a test center or a high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today’s students, they do a lot of their living digitally, they do a lot of their learning digitally, and they do a lot of their test taking digitally,” says Priscilla Rodriguez, who oversees the SAT for the College Board, the organization behind the test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says in focus groups the College Board conducted, students say they felt more confident and more natural taking tests on a digital device. “They were kind of telling us in so many words, ‘You’re a little behind us at this point, actually. Can you please catch up?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A digital SAT isn’t a big leap for many students\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Throughout March and April, the College Board expects more than 1 million students to take the new digital SAT. Students can take the exam on Saturday test dates or during SAT School Days, where participating high schools offer the test to upperclassmen free of charge during the school day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephany Perez, a high school junior from Houston, says the transition to online is “not that significant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"mindshift_63109,news_11964081\" label=\"Related Stories\"]“We’re so used to being on our laptops, like it’s something we do on the regular, in every class.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez has been prepping for the online version in school, using test prep material from CollegeSpring, \u003ca href=\"https://collegespring.org/about-us/\">a nonprofit that partners\u003c/a> with high school teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she’s still nervous and anxious about the test because she feels a lot of pressure to do well. “It’s a very important test,” she says. “It dictates what’s going to happen for your college life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s taking the test on Tuesday morning at her high school using school laptops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This isn’t the first time the College Board has administered a digital exam. In 2023, international students took a digital-only SAT, and a digital-only PSAT was given to younger U.S. high school students last fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students will take the digital exam on Bluebook, an app built in-house by the College Board. Schools were given time ahead of testing dates to download the app onto their devices. Internet access is key to starting the test, though Rodriquez says it requires very little bandwidth during the test and is designed to autosave locally, so students won’t lose work or time if they lose their internet connection.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The SAT and ACT still hold power in admissions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>All this comes as the relevance of the SAT and ACT, another college entrance exam, is being called into question in the college admissions process. \u003ca href=\"https://fairtest.org/overwhelming-majority-of-u-s-colleges-and-universities-remain-act-sat-optional-or-test-blind-score-free-for-fall-2025/\">More than 1,800 U.S. colleges\u003c/a> are not requiring a test score for students applying to enroll in fall 2025, according to the National Center for Fair & Open Testing. But in recent weeks, some elite private colleges, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-05/brown-university-becomes-third-ivy-to-reinstate-sat-requirements?embedded-checkout=true\">Brown University\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/05/1229223433/sat-act-diversity-dartmouth-college-admissions\">Dartmouth College\u003c/a>, have reinstated the test requirement, saying it provides helpful context for the admissions process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez would be the first in her family to go to college in the U.S. She says, “I know a lot of schools say that they’re test optional,” but when she looked up colleges she was interested in, she found they still listed average SAT scores on their websites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So you do have to care,” she says, “because [colleges] might still be looking at them, even if they say they’re test optional.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with many schools trying to de-emphasize the exams, Rodriquez, of the College Board, says the SAT can still be an important piece of a larger admissions puzzle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The SAT] can give any student a way to show what they’ve learned in a standardized way, and that’s especially important when other parts of the college application, things like extracurricular activities and essays, are more easily influenced by parental wealth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SAT and ACT are also still deeply ingrained in the American high school experience. Many states require one of the exams to graduate, and several states have contracts with the College Board to offer the test during the school day for free to their students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before this new digital format, the SAT had already gone through several changes. In 2014, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2014/03/06/286646479/college-board-previews-sat-revisions\">College Board revealed\u003c/a> it would drop its penalty for wrong answers, make the essay portion optional and remove the obscure vocabulary section. And in early 2021, the organization announced\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/01/19/958329475/sat-discontinues-subject-tests-and-optional-essay#:~:text=The%20College%20Board%20announced%20on,and%20math%2C%20among%20other%20topics.\"> it would discontinue the optional essay \u003c/a>component of the SAT, as well as the subject tests in U.S. history, languages and math, among other topics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=In+a+first%2C+U.S.+students+will+take+the+SAT+entirely+online+%28no+pencils+required%29&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says in focus groups the College Board conducted, students say they felt more confident and more natural taking tests on a digital device. “They were kind of telling us in so many words, ‘You’re a little behind us at this point, actually. Can you please catch up?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A digital SAT isn’t a big leap for many students\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Throughout March and April, the College Board expects more than 1 million students to take the new digital SAT. Students can take the exam on Saturday test dates or during SAT School Days, where participating high schools offer the test to upperclassmen free of charge during the school day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephany Perez, a high school junior from Houston, says the transition to online is “not that significant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We’re so used to being on our laptops, like it’s something we do on the regular, in every class.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez has been prepping for the online version in school, using test prep material from CollegeSpring, \u003ca href=\"https://collegespring.org/about-us/\">a nonprofit that partners\u003c/a> with high school teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she’s still nervous and anxious about the test because she feels a lot of pressure to do well. “It’s a very important test,” she says. “It dictates what’s going to happen for your college life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s taking the test on Tuesday morning at her high school using school laptops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This isn’t the first time the College Board has administered a digital exam. In 2023, international students took a digital-only SAT, and a digital-only PSAT was given to younger U.S. high school students last fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students will take the digital exam on Bluebook, an app built in-house by the College Board. Schools were given time ahead of testing dates to download the app onto their devices. Internet access is key to starting the test, though Rodriquez says it requires very little bandwidth during the test and is designed to autosave locally, so students won’t lose work or time if they lose their internet connection.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The SAT and ACT still hold power in admissions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>All this comes as the relevance of the SAT and ACT, another college entrance exam, is being called into question in the college admissions process. \u003ca href=\"https://fairtest.org/overwhelming-majority-of-u-s-colleges-and-universities-remain-act-sat-optional-or-test-blind-score-free-for-fall-2025/\">More than 1,800 U.S. colleges\u003c/a> are not requiring a test score for students applying to enroll in fall 2025, according to the National Center for Fair & Open Testing. But in recent weeks, some elite private colleges, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-05/brown-university-becomes-third-ivy-to-reinstate-sat-requirements?embedded-checkout=true\">Brown University\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/05/1229223433/sat-act-diversity-dartmouth-college-admissions\">Dartmouth College\u003c/a>, have reinstated the test requirement, saying it provides helpful context for the admissions process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez would be the first in her family to go to college in the U.S. She says, “I know a lot of schools say that they’re test optional,” but when she looked up colleges she was interested in, she found they still listed average SAT scores on their websites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So you do have to care,” she says, “because [colleges] might still be looking at them, even if they say they’re test optional.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with many schools trying to de-emphasize the exams, Rodriquez, of the College Board, says the SAT can still be an important piece of a larger admissions puzzle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The SAT] can give any student a way to show what they’ve learned in a standardized way, and that’s especially important when other parts of the college application, things like extracurricular activities and essays, are more easily influenced by parental wealth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SAT and ACT are also still deeply ingrained in the American high school experience. Many states require one of the exams to graduate, and several states have contracts with the College Board to offer the test during the school day for free to their students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before this new digital format, the SAT had already gone through several changes. In 2014, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2014/03/06/286646479/college-board-previews-sat-revisions\">College Board revealed\u003c/a> it would drop its penalty for wrong answers, make the essay portion optional and remove the obscure vocabulary section. And in early 2021, the organization announced\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/01/19/958329475/sat-discontinues-subject-tests-and-optional-essay#:~:text=The%20College%20Board%20announced%20on,and%20math%2C%20among%20other%20topics.\"> it would discontinue the optional essay \u003c/a>component of the SAT, as well as the subject tests in U.S. history, languages and math, among other topics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=In+a+first%2C+U.S.+students+will+take+the+SAT+entirely+online+%28no+pencils+required%29&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"tagline": "The flip side of gentrification, told through one town",
"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
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},
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"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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},
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"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"order": 8
},
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},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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}
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"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
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"source": "NPR"
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"jerrybrown": {
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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