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"content": "\u003cp>It’s a busy Saturday at the Sacramento Gurdwara Bradshaw at the edges of the city surrounded by fields and strip malls. In front of the new, gleaming white temple, a crowd of people are dressed in their finest for a wedding. The sounds of worship are piped out into the morning air through loudspeakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walk around the back of the domed building and you encounter something else, a sea of bright yellow flags emblazoned with bold, blue letters spelling out a word: Khalistan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khalistan doesn’t exist on any map, but it is an imagined homeland for some Sikhs who dream of their own nation separate from India. The calls for an independent state have grown more urgent among Sikhs in the wake of last year’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/01/1216647148/after-foiled-assassination-attempt-theres-fear-amid-american-sikhs?ft=nprml&f=1216647148\">foiled assassination attempt\u003c/a> of a Sikh activist on U.S. soil. The Justice Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/11/30/1216005701/u-s-charges-indian-national-in-an-alleged-assassination-plot-of-a-sikh-separatis?ft=nprml&f=1216005701\">charged an Indian national\u003c/a> in the plot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sikhs are an ethno-religious group who come originally from what is now the Indian state of Punjab. There are an estimated \u003ca href=\"https://www.sikhcoalition.org/blog/2023/updated-census-figures-severely-undercount-u-s-sikhs/\">half a million\u003c/a> Sikhs in America, many of them based in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A long line of truck cabs and cars snake across the Gurdwara parking lot — trucks because Sikhs make up an increasing percentage of truckers in America. This caravan is getting ready to take to the streets of Sacramento and its sprawling suburbs — a rally on wheels to get out the vote ahead of Sunday’s referendum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question on the ballot: Should there be an independent Khalistan?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After stops in Europe and Canada, the nonbinding Khalistan referendum is rolling out in the U.S. The first vote was in San Francisco at the end of January. Organizers say it was so popular that they scheduled a second vote for the end of March.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>‘We will be no more’\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The fight for Khalistan has a long history, but the roots of this referendum can be traced to events that happened 40 years ago, says Irbanjit Sahota, who helped organize the rally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to let the world know that this happened to us in India, that there was a Sikh genocide in November 1984.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early 1980s some Sikh separatists were violent in their demands for Khalistan. In 1984 in response to growing unrest, the Indian army took over the Golden Temple in Amritsar, the holiest of Sikh sites, along with other Gurdwaras. A few months later, Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was assassinated by her Sikh bodyguards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What followed was more horrific bloodshed — angry mobs pulled people from their homes, temples were burned to the ground, Sikhs disappeared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re never going to get justice from India,” Sahota says. “I don’t know that the world can do much to get us justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2005 then Prime Minister Manmohan Singh formally apologized for the anti-Sikh violence. For some Sikhs, that wasn’t enough. They wanted what happened in 1984 recognized as a genocide. Sahota says they also wanted something else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel our only way forward is to make Punjab an independent state where we can practice our religion, preserve our culture, preserve our history.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sahota says even though that violence happened decades ago, the current government in India — the Hindu nationalist BJP, led by Narendra Modi — is targeting religious and cultural minorities, including Sikhs. At the rally, one truck towed a U-Haul trailer with a giant sign: “Modi: Face of Hindu Terror.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just makes it worse,” Sahota says. “Now we have no place. Before we felt like we were not just equal citizens. But now we feel like either we have to do something or we will be no more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>‘Sikhs are happy in India’\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Not every American Sikh believes the Modi government’s Hindu nationalist agenda is dangerous for Sikhs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To say that it’s a systematic, some kind of program going against Sikhs in this day and age is not there,” says Jasdip Singh, the leader of Sikhs for America. “What we do” he says of his group, “is highlight the contributions of the Sikh community in the U.S. and we try to integrate the community into the mainstream America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"ad-header third\">\n\u003cp>Singh was also a founding member of the group Sikhs for Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Irbanjit Sahota, rally organizer\"]‘I feel our only way forward is to make Punjab an independent state where we can practice our religion, preserve our culture, preserve our history.’[/pullquote]He says the situation for Sikhs has significantly improved since the violence of the ’80s and ’90s. “Sikhs do have issues in India like any other community, but they have a legal framework, they have a constitution, they have a justice system in India,” he says. “Sikhs in India are happy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Sikhs living outside of India, he says, “which is a very, very small percentage of the Sikh population to start asking for a separate homeland, I mean, I don’t understand that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He noted the referendum has no legal standing — it is nonbinding. Even if millions of Sikhs vote for Khalistan, nothing will happen, because it’s a purely symbolic exercise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As immigrants, when we come here, we come here to contribute to this country — positive things,” he says. “If we want to protest for Khalistan, we should go to India, Punjab and start protesting. Why are we using the soil of this country to bring issues that are not relevant to America?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the U.S. government has begun to take notice of the Indian government’s treatment of minority religious and ethnic groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December, the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom urged the U.S. State Department to list India as a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.uscirf.gov/news-room/releases-statements/uscirf-deeply-concerned-indias-transnational-repression-against\">country of particular concern\u003c/a>” due to “systematic, ongoing, and egregious violations of freedom of religion or belief.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month, the \u003ca href=\"https://humanrightscommission.house.gov/events/hearings/india-recent-human-rights-reporting\">Tom Lantos Commission on Human Rights\u003c/a> heard testimony from experts and activists about the threat to minority communities coming from the Indian government.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Transnational repression\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are three moments in recent history that shift and shape Sikh American identity, according to Harman Singh, with the Sikh Coalition. The civil rights advocacy group was itself founded as a result of the initial moment, the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11869988,news_11770976,news_11850784\"]The first post-9/11 hate crime was the murder of \u003ca href=\"https://storycorps.org/stories/remembering-balbir-singh-sodhi-sikh-man-killed-in-post-911-hate-crime/\">Balbir Singh Sodhi\u003c/a>, a Sikh man in Mesa, Arizona by a white man who wanted to “kill a Muslim.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a decade later, in 2012, a white supremacist walked into a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/08/05/1115931555/remembering-the-oak-creek-killings-a-harbinger-of-white-supremacist-violence\">Gurdwara in Oak Creek, Wisconsin\u003c/a> and started shooting, in the deadliest hate crime in an American place of worship at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both tragedies brought American Sikhs together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the third moment, the one we are in right now, Singh says, reveals a very different threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This past winter, the FBI \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-announces-charges-connection-foiled-plot-assassinate-us-citizen-new-york\">unsealed an indictment\u003c/a> accusing an Indian government employee of orchestrating a murder-for-hire assassination attempt of a Sikh separatist activist in New York City. The agency labeled the incident an example of \u003ca href=\"https://www.fbi.gov/investigate/counterintelligence/transnational-repression\">transnational repression\u003c/a> — oppression or interference by foreign governments on citizens or former citizens abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a major turning point within the Sikh community,” Singh says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are significant problems with the safety of Sikhs in the United States, but also the targeted harassment, intimidation attempts by India to silence dissent here,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh and the Sikh Coalition are not involved in the Khalistan referendum, but Gurpatwant Singh Pannun, the man targeted for assassination in New York is. Pannun is the leader of Sikhs for Justice, which is organizing the referendum campaign. The Indian government has labeled him a terrorist, and banned him and Sikhs for Justice from India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revelations of the plot to kill Pannun came on the heels of the murder of another \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/09/20/1200569975/canada-india-sikh-hardeep-singh-nijjar#:~:text=Canada%2C%20India%20and%20the%20death,know%20about%20the%20case%20%3A%20NPR&text=Throughline-,Canada%2C%20India%20and%20the%20death%20of%20a%20Sikh%20activist%3A%20What,a%20Sikh%20homeland%20in%20India.\">Sikh activist in British Columbia\u003c/a>. Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau accused the Indian government of being behind his death. The Indian government denied any involvement and says that in the U.S. case their employee had acted alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The ballot, not the bullet\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While the killing in Canada and the assassination attempt in New York drew attention, transnational repression is not new to many in the Sikh community, says Harman Singh. “Folks who advocate for this idea of Khalistan, an independent Sikh state, have been very vulnerable to transnational repression for several decades.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"ad-header overflow-4\">\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Avtar Singh Pannu, coordinator, Sikhs for Justice\"]‘We believe ballot. We don’t believe bullet, and this is how we stand for that.’[/pullquote]Sikhs who advocate for Khalistan or vote in the referendum are not terrorists, he argues. “What India has done is criminalize the right to self determination,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Gurdwara Bradshaw Sacramento, the trucks are gearing up to get on the road, horns are honking and music is blasting from loudspeakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sikhs for Justice’s coordinator Avtar Singh Pannu is there helping to fire up the crowd. He says the referendum is a chance to tell their story and vote for freedom. After California, the next stop is New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked if he is afraid of being targeted or killed, Pannu says no, because “everyone dies someday.” But, he says, everyone should also have the right to self determination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe ballot,” he says. “We don’t believe bullet, and this is how we stand for that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question on the ballot: Should there be an independent Khalistan?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After stops in Europe and Canada, the nonbinding Khalistan referendum is rolling out in the U.S. The first vote was in San Francisco at the end of January. Organizers say it was so popular that they scheduled a second vote for the end of March.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>‘We will be no more’\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The fight for Khalistan has a long history, but the roots of this referendum can be traced to events that happened 40 years ago, says Irbanjit Sahota, who helped organize the rally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to let the world know that this happened to us in India, that there was a Sikh genocide in November 1984.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early 1980s some Sikh separatists were violent in their demands for Khalistan. In 1984 in response to growing unrest, the Indian army took over the Golden Temple in Amritsar, the holiest of Sikh sites, along with other Gurdwaras. A few months later, Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was assassinated by her Sikh bodyguards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What followed was more horrific bloodshed — angry mobs pulled people from their homes, temples were burned to the ground, Sikhs disappeared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re never going to get justice from India,” Sahota says. “I don’t know that the world can do much to get us justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2005 then Prime Minister Manmohan Singh formally apologized for the anti-Sikh violence. For some Sikhs, that wasn’t enough. They wanted what happened in 1984 recognized as a genocide. Sahota says they also wanted something else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel our only way forward is to make Punjab an independent state where we can practice our religion, preserve our culture, preserve our history.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sahota says even though that violence happened decades ago, the current government in India — the Hindu nationalist BJP, led by Narendra Modi — is targeting religious and cultural minorities, including Sikhs. At the rally, one truck towed a U-Haul trailer with a giant sign: “Modi: Face of Hindu Terror.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just makes it worse,” Sahota says. “Now we have no place. Before we felt like we were not just equal citizens. But now we feel like either we have to do something or we will be no more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>‘Sikhs are happy in India’\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Not every American Sikh believes the Modi government’s Hindu nationalist agenda is dangerous for Sikhs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To say that it’s a systematic, some kind of program going against Sikhs in this day and age is not there,” says Jasdip Singh, the leader of Sikhs for America. “What we do” he says of his group, “is highlight the contributions of the Sikh community in the U.S. and we try to integrate the community into the mainstream America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"ad-header third\">\n\u003cp>Singh was also a founding member of the group Sikhs for Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘I feel our only way forward is to make Punjab an independent state where we can practice our religion, preserve our culture, preserve our history.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>He says the situation for Sikhs has significantly improved since the violence of the ’80s and ’90s. “Sikhs do have issues in India like any other community, but they have a legal framework, they have a constitution, they have a justice system in India,” he says. “Sikhs in India are happy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Sikhs living outside of India, he says, “which is a very, very small percentage of the Sikh population to start asking for a separate homeland, I mean, I don’t understand that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He noted the referendum has no legal standing — it is nonbinding. Even if millions of Sikhs vote for Khalistan, nothing will happen, because it’s a purely symbolic exercise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As immigrants, when we come here, we come here to contribute to this country — positive things,” he says. “If we want to protest for Khalistan, we should go to India, Punjab and start protesting. Why are we using the soil of this country to bring issues that are not relevant to America?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the U.S. government has begun to take notice of the Indian government’s treatment of minority religious and ethnic groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December, the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom urged the U.S. State Department to list India as a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.uscirf.gov/news-room/releases-statements/uscirf-deeply-concerned-indias-transnational-repression-against\">country of particular concern\u003c/a>” due to “systematic, ongoing, and egregious violations of freedom of religion or belief.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month, the \u003ca href=\"https://humanrightscommission.house.gov/events/hearings/india-recent-human-rights-reporting\">Tom Lantos Commission on Human Rights\u003c/a> heard testimony from experts and activists about the threat to minority communities coming from the Indian government.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Transnational repression\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are three moments in recent history that shift and shape Sikh American identity, according to Harman Singh, with the Sikh Coalition. The civil rights advocacy group was itself founded as a result of the initial moment, the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The first post-9/11 hate crime was the murder of \u003ca href=\"https://storycorps.org/stories/remembering-balbir-singh-sodhi-sikh-man-killed-in-post-911-hate-crime/\">Balbir Singh Sodhi\u003c/a>, a Sikh man in Mesa, Arizona by a white man who wanted to “kill a Muslim.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a decade later, in 2012, a white supremacist walked into a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/08/05/1115931555/remembering-the-oak-creek-killings-a-harbinger-of-white-supremacist-violence\">Gurdwara in Oak Creek, Wisconsin\u003c/a> and started shooting, in the deadliest hate crime in an American place of worship at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both tragedies brought American Sikhs together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the third moment, the one we are in right now, Singh says, reveals a very different threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This past winter, the FBI \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-announces-charges-connection-foiled-plot-assassinate-us-citizen-new-york\">unsealed an indictment\u003c/a> accusing an Indian government employee of orchestrating a murder-for-hire assassination attempt of a Sikh separatist activist in New York City. The agency labeled the incident an example of \u003ca href=\"https://www.fbi.gov/investigate/counterintelligence/transnational-repression\">transnational repression\u003c/a> — oppression or interference by foreign governments on citizens or former citizens abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a major turning point within the Sikh community,” Singh says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are significant problems with the safety of Sikhs in the United States, but also the targeted harassment, intimidation attempts by India to silence dissent here,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh and the Sikh Coalition are not involved in the Khalistan referendum, but Gurpatwant Singh Pannun, the man targeted for assassination in New York is. Pannun is the leader of Sikhs for Justice, which is organizing the referendum campaign. The Indian government has labeled him a terrorist, and banned him and Sikhs for Justice from India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revelations of the plot to kill Pannun came on the heels of the murder of another \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/09/20/1200569975/canada-india-sikh-hardeep-singh-nijjar#:~:text=Canada%2C%20India%20and%20the%20death,know%20about%20the%20case%20%3A%20NPR&text=Throughline-,Canada%2C%20India%20and%20the%20death%20of%20a%20Sikh%20activist%3A%20What,a%20Sikh%20homeland%20in%20India.\">Sikh activist in British Columbia\u003c/a>. Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau accused the Indian government of being behind his death. The Indian government denied any involvement and says that in the U.S. case their employee had acted alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The ballot, not the bullet\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While the killing in Canada and the assassination attempt in New York drew attention, transnational repression is not new to many in the Sikh community, says Harman Singh. “Folks who advocate for this idea of Khalistan, an independent Sikh state, have been very vulnerable to transnational repression for several decades.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"ad-header overflow-4\">\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘We believe ballot. We don’t believe bullet, and this is how we stand for that.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Sikhs who advocate for Khalistan or vote in the referendum are not terrorists, he argues. “What India has done is criminalize the right to self determination,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Gurdwara Bradshaw Sacramento, the trucks are gearing up to get on the road, horns are honking and music is blasting from loudspeakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sikhs for Justice’s coordinator Avtar Singh Pannu is there helping to fire up the crowd. He says the referendum is a chance to tell their story and vote for freedom. After California, the next stop is New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked if he is afraid of being targeted or killed, Pannu says no, because “everyone dies someday.” But, he says, everyone should also have the right to self determination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe ballot,” he says. “We don’t believe bullet, and this is how we stand for that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Chevron Owns Richmond's Main Local News Source — and Many Refinery-Related Stories Go Untold",
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"headTitle": "Chevron Owns Richmond’s Main Local News Source — and Many Refinery-Related Stories Go Untold | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s David Folkenflik reported this story with Miranda Green of\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.floodlightnews.org/\">\u003cem> Floodlight\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a nonprofit newsroom that investigates the powerful interests stalling climate action.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RICHMOND, Calif. — Open flames shot upward from four smokestacks at the Chevron refinery on the western edge of Richmond, California Soon, black smoke blanketed the sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News spread quickly that day last November, but by word of mouth, says Denny Khamphanthong, a 29-year-old Richmond resident. “We don’t know the full story, but we know that you shouldn’t breathe in the air or be outside, for that matter,” Khamphanthong says now. “It would be nice to have an actual news outlet that would actually go out there and figure it out themselves.”[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\" Gayle McLaughlin, former mayor, Richmond\"]‘\u003cem>The Richmond Standard\u003c/em> will never, ever print anything that is critical of Chevron, and it will never print anything that upholds the community’s victories against Chevron.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s primary local news source, \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/\">\u003cem>The Richmond Standard\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, didn’t cover the flare. Nor had it reported on a 2021 Chevron refinery pipeline rupture that dumped nearly 800 gallons of diesel fuel into San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron is the city’s largest employer, largest taxpayer and largest polluter. Yet when it comes to writing about Chevron, \u003cem>The Richmond Standard\u003c/em> consistently toes the company line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there’s a reason for that: Chevron owns \u003cem>The Richmond Standard\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at Chevron’s website and you look at \u003cem>The Richmond Standard\u003c/em>, a lot of the information is copy and paste,” says Katt Ramos, a local climate activist. “They present a very skewed viewpoint that is bought and paid for by Chevron.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981097\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5693_custom-2a426eb8dde45252963199495680bc4bb9d327d0-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981097\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5693_custom-2a426eb8dde45252963199495680bc4bb9d327d0-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A view of a city landscape with trees and a refinery in the background.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1703\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5693_custom-2a426eb8dde45252963199495680bc4bb9d327d0-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5693_custom-2a426eb8dde45252963199495680bc4bb9d327d0-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5693_custom-2a426eb8dde45252963199495680bc4bb9d327d0-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5693_custom-2a426eb8dde45252963199495680bc4bb9d327d0-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5693_custom-2a426eb8dde45252963199495680bc4bb9d327d0-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5693_custom-2a426eb8dde45252963199495680bc4bb9d327d0-2048x1362.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5693_custom-2a426eb8dde45252963199495680bc4bb9d327d0-1920x1277.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The city of Richmond exists in the shadow of the nearby Chevron refinery, which has been connected to poor air quality and health issues in the nearby community. \u003ccite>(Brian L. Frank/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The site’s very name evokes the history of Chevron, which was created when John D. Rockefeller’s Standard Oil was broken up by federal trust-busters more than a century ago. \u003cem>The Richmond Standard\u003c/em> prides itself on being the “number one source for local, community-driven news” about the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around town, in coffee shops, an architect’s office, at a Mexican restaurant, even at a waterside National Park Service site, the Standard is recognized as the main source of news about the city. It carries stories about \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/richmond/2023/03/27/rich-city-rides-launches-capital-campaign-to-purchase-home-base/\">charity drives\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/richmond/2023/09/19/emergency-rail-replacement-prompts-closure-on-s-garrard-blvd/\">street closings\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/lifestyle/entertainment-and-food/2020/07/13/the-factory-bar-sets-opening-date/\">New bars\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/richmond/2023/09/20/art-exhibition-celebrates-latinx-heritage-month-in-richmond/\">art exhibits\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/richmond/2023/07/17/girl-power-coming-to-soccer-field-in-richmond/\">Youth soccer events\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/richmond/2023/05/15/point-richmond-music-announces-lineup-for-summer-concert-series/\">local concerts\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/community/2024/02/06/richmonds-ons-loves-on-at-risk-people-to-end-gun-violence/\">safety initiatives\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Decades ago, the city relied on the Richmond \u003cem>Independent \u003c/em>and the \u003cem>San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/em> to report on the community. And then a pattern familiar across the U.S. unfolded. The \u003cem>Chronicle\u003c/em> pulled back. The \u003cem>Independent\u003c/em> got folded into a newspaper in nearby Berkeley, which itself shut down in 1984. Papers in other East Bay cities shriveled up. Now, the city’s news landscape is dominated by its major corporate force. Markets where news outlets shut down are often called news deserts. The Standard has created something of a news mirage: Stories are told — but with an agenda. Facts displeasing to Chevron are omitted; hard truths softened. The company is seeking to get its point of view across and to convey that it can be trusted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent February night, a city council meeting repeatedly focused on developments involving Chevron. Other than journalists for NPR and Floodlight, not a single journalist attended in person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same San Francisco public relations firm that operates the Standard for Chevron runs a similar site about developments in the Permian Basin in West Texas and New Mexico, where Chevron has major business interests. It also runs one of the company’s sites in Ecuador, where the energy giant has fought back decades of litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981098\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5591_custom-714680c19940b1fb0af95746d3b95944f8dcc85b-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981098\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5591_custom-714680c19940b1fb0af95746d3b95944f8dcc85b-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A person rides a bike through an intersection with cars waiting at a stoplight.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1703\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5591_custom-714680c19940b1fb0af95746d3b95944f8dcc85b-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5591_custom-714680c19940b1fb0af95746d3b95944f8dcc85b-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5591_custom-714680c19940b1fb0af95746d3b95944f8dcc85b-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5591_custom-714680c19940b1fb0af95746d3b95944f8dcc85b-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5591_custom-714680c19940b1fb0af95746d3b95944f8dcc85b-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5591_custom-714680c19940b1fb0af95746d3b95944f8dcc85b-2048x1362.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5591_custom-714680c19940b1fb0af95746d3b95944f8dcc85b-1920x1277.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Richmond Standard is a local news site funded by Chevron, which runs a large refinery in town. \u003ccite>(Brian L. Frank/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Chevron’s bid to control the public discourse comes as efforts to combat climate change threaten the fossil fuel industry, especially in California. State regulators would effectively \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2022/08/25/california-bans-the-sale-of-new-gas-powered-cars-by-2035.html\">ban\u003c/a> the sales of gas-powered cars by 2035. They released the world’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2022/11/16/california-releases-worlds-first-plan-to-achieve-net-zero-carbon-pollution/\">first plan\u003c/a> to achieve net-zero carbon pollution. Other states and countries have adopted similar goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11975650,news_11856920\" hero=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/231027-CHEVRON-RICHMOND-REFINERY-MD-01-KQED.jpg\" label=\"Related Stories\"]In February, Chevron revealed that it was \u003ca href=\"https://www.sec.gov/ixviewer/ix.html?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/93410/000009341024000013/cvx-20231231.htm#ib7903ee4cd7540d8ab5b70d4bf454edd_121\">losing about $1.8 billion \u003c/a>on assets, mainly in California, because of the state’s tougher regulatory climate. Chevron’s corporate headquarters is in San Ramon, about a 35-mile drive southeast of Richmond, though the company has moved the bulk of its workforce to Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The company saw a need to offer the community more news coverage of Richmond, which had been largely ignored by traditional media with the exception of crime stories,” says Braden Reddall, a manager of external affairs at Chevron. “Most people in Richmond will tell you there is a lot more to the community than what is known and reported by traditional media outlets. It’s a proud community, filled with interesting people who are doing interesting things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reddall, who earlier covered the company for the international news service \u003cem>Reuters\u003c/em>, added that other outlets more than adequately cover Chevron.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981099\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1000858_custom-e488c363fd777c761cf9a17ccd50d608a8e57480-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981099\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1000858_custom-e488c363fd777c761cf9a17ccd50d608a8e57480-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing a green shirt with orange design patterns leans against the side of a building outside.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1705\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1000858_custom-e488c363fd777c761cf9a17ccd50d608a8e57480-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1000858_custom-e488c363fd777c761cf9a17ccd50d608a8e57480-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1000858_custom-e488c363fd777c761cf9a17ccd50d608a8e57480-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1000858_custom-e488c363fd777c761cf9a17ccd50d608a8e57480-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1000858_custom-e488c363fd777c761cf9a17ccd50d608a8e57480-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1000858_custom-e488c363fd777c761cf9a17ccd50d608a8e57480-2048x1364.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1000858_custom-e488c363fd777c761cf9a17ccd50d608a8e57480-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former schoolteacher Patricia Dornan says she reads The Richmond Standard but skips the stories about Chevron. “I don’t read any of the articles about how wonderful their company is,” she says. \u003ccite>(Brian L. Frank/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lifelong Richmond resident Patricia Dornan says she cherry-picks which stories she reads in the \u003cem>Standard\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you understand that it’s going to have a Chevron-Standard Oil point of view, it’s fine because most of the stuff that they’re putting out has nothing to do with them,” says Dornan, a retired middle school teacher. “And so long as it doesn’t have to do with Chevron, it’s fine. I don’t read any of the articles about how wonderful their company is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dornan volunteers at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/rori/index.htm\">Rosie the Riveter World War II Home Front National Historical Park\u003c/a>. She tells visitors about the marvels of American manufacturing in a time of war and about the women welders of Richmond who were able to turn out warships in 51 days rather than two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981121\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1444px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/Screenshot-2024-03-28-at-10.14.03-AM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981121\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/Screenshot-2024-03-28-at-10.14.03-AM.png\" alt=\"A map showing Richmond with red and blue lines outlining pipelines in the area.\" width=\"1444\" height=\"1432\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/Screenshot-2024-03-28-at-10.14.03-AM.png 1444w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/Screenshot-2024-03-28-at-10.14.03-AM-800x793.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/Screenshot-2024-03-28-at-10.14.03-AM-1020x1012.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/Screenshot-2024-03-28-at-10.14.03-AM-160x159.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1444px) 100vw, 1444px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pipeline locations are approximate. Source: Google Earth, US Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, California Department of Technology, OpenStreetMap contributors \u003ccite>(Hilary Fung/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Her grandmother moved to town in 1905 — just three years after the refinery first opened — and her family has been there ever since. One of the streets in town is named after her father. She says Richmond can’t function without Chevron, but a true local news outlet would help hold it accountable to the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she wants to know what Chevron is up to, Dornan says, “I usually ask my friends who are retirees from the refinery — what’s going on?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Richmond deserves more news coverage’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When the Standard launched in 2014, it proclaimed: “Richmond deserves more news coverage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the first time in more than 30 years, Richmond will have a community-driven daily news source dedicated to shining a light on the positive things that are going on in the community,” the \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/chevron-speaks/2013/01/23/richmond-deserves-more-news-coverage/\">site announced.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron presents the Standard as an investment in the Richmond community. \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/117/meeting/house/115094/documents/HHRG-117-II15-20220914-SD007.pdf\">The public relations firm operating the Standard wrote (PDF)\u003c/a>, “This site would tell the stories other outlets had lost the resources to tell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11940114\" hero=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/02/RS55021_004_KQED_ChevronRefineryStrike_04072022-qut.jpg\" label=\"Related Stories\"]But not all of the stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent review found\u003cem> The Richmond Standard\u003c/em> had published 434 stories that touch on its owner, Chevron, since the site’s inception. Eight articles refer to flaring incidents. None cite oil spills. The majority of the stories that mention Chevron focus on profiles, \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/uncategorized/2024/02/16/chevron-richmond-recognized-for-helping-red-cross-sound-the-alarm-on-fire-safety/\">awards\u003c/a> ceremonies, community projects and \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/richmond/2023/10/20/chevron-richmond-celebrates-hispanic-heritage-month-with-classic-cars-and-much-more/\">celebrations\u003c/a> it throws on such occasions as \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/richmond/2024/02/26/chevron-richmond-marks-milestone-with-25th-black-history-awareness-celebration/\">Black History\u003c/a> and Hispanic Heritage months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Bay Area air pollution regulators secured landmark concessions from Chevron in February to settle a lawsuit, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11975650/bay-air-district-hails-decisive-victory-in-battle-to-cut-refinery-pollution\">they called it a “decisive victory\u003c/a>.” The \u003cem>San Jose Mercury News\u003c/em> headline cited “\u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2024/02/13/east-bay-refineries-settle-with-bay-area-air-quality-agency-agree-to-20-million-in-fines-for-hundreds-of-violations/\">$20 million in fines for hundreds of air-quality violations\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11901875\" hero=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53159_013_Richmond_ChevronRefinery_01132022-qut.jpg\"]\u003cem>The \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/richmond/2024/02/13/chevron-agreement-with-air-district-called-win-for-environment-and-energy/\">Richmond Standard\u003c/a> \u003c/em>was more reserved: “Chevron agreement with Air District called win for environment and energy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The article did not clearly lay out the core of the litigation. The words “fine” and “penalty” did not appear. Careful readers might have been able to piece together what transpired: The news outlet described an agreement involving $20 million that “solidifies the future of energy production at the Richmond Refinery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a whole host of news outlets around the Bay Area that cover the refinery,” says Reddall, the Chevron spokesperson. “The Standard seeks to fill in the gaps. From where I’m sitting, I don’t think that it’s a refinery that’s not written about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981100\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001528_custom-8f3c0ecaa5280f513873a046609f97a67b508583-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981100\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001528_custom-8f3c0ecaa5280f513873a046609f97a67b508583-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A person rides a bike down a street with a mural in the background.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1705\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001528_custom-8f3c0ecaa5280f513873a046609f97a67b508583-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001528_custom-8f3c0ecaa5280f513873a046609f97a67b508583-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001528_custom-8f3c0ecaa5280f513873a046609f97a67b508583-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001528_custom-8f3c0ecaa5280f513873a046609f97a67b508583-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001528_custom-8f3c0ecaa5280f513873a046609f97a67b508583-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001528_custom-8f3c0ecaa5280f513873a046609f97a67b508583-2048x1364.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001528_custom-8f3c0ecaa5280f513873a046609f97a67b508583-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Richmond is a working-class city of 115,000 — nearly half of whom are Latino. Most people working at the Chevron refinery live outside the city. \u003ccite>(Brian L. Frank/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>A news mirage\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Boundaries blur between city and corporation in this largely working-class city of 115,000 people, almost half of whom are Latino. The tech boom of nearby Silicon Valley and the opulence of neighboring Marin County feel like universes away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11912101\" hero=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55033_019_KQED_ChevronRefineryStrike_04072022-qut.jpg\"]The public high school’s mascot is the Oilers. Streets are named Ammonia and Petrolite and Xylene. Chevron’s network of pipes, low-lying cooling ponds and even sulfuric stench have become defining parts of the town’s character. A nature park where tufted egrets and hummingbirds frolic abuts the nearly 3,000-acre refinery itself — an expansive preserve of smokestacks, pipelines and tanks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron, which recorded $21.3 billion in profits last year, has played an outsized role in Richmond for decades. It supplies the city with jobs — yet most Chevron employees live elsewhere. It pays roughly $50 million a year to Richmond — more than a sixth of the town’s annual revenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company’s relationship with Richmond turned sour rather abruptly in 2012. An explosion at the refinery injured \u003ca href=\"https://abc7news.com/chevron-refinery-fire-cal-osha-fine-calosha-fined/2247343/\">19 employees.\u003c/a> The air pollution from the resulting industrial fire could be seen from miles away. In the ensuing days, 15,000 Bay Area residents went to medical centers for respiratory complications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981101\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5002_custom-7b06acdc68e74ea0931de6c640522261dd48c5d1-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981101\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5002_custom-7b06acdc68e74ea0931de6c640522261dd48c5d1-scaled.jpg\" alt='A sign with red lettering on the side of a building that reads \"Richmond Oilers.\"' width=\"2560\" height=\"1703\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5002_custom-7b06acdc68e74ea0931de6c640522261dd48c5d1-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5002_custom-7b06acdc68e74ea0931de6c640522261dd48c5d1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5002_custom-7b06acdc68e74ea0931de6c640522261dd48c5d1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5002_custom-7b06acdc68e74ea0931de6c640522261dd48c5d1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5002_custom-7b06acdc68e74ea0931de6c640522261dd48c5d1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5002_custom-7b06acdc68e74ea0931de6c640522261dd48c5d1-2048x1362.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5002_custom-7b06acdc68e74ea0931de6c640522261dd48c5d1-1920x1277.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Richmond High School mascot is the Oilers. \u003ccite>(Brian L. Frank/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>State and local prosecutors charged Chevron with \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/chevron-convicted-of-labor-codes-pays-2m-after-refinery-fire/1951195/\">criminal negligence\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2013/08/05/chevron-2m-fire/2620303/\">other crimes. T\u003c/a>he company settled by pleading no contest to six charges, paying out roughly $10 million to affected local residents, agencies and hospitals. Chevron also paid $5 million directly to the city of Richmond to settle a separate civil lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the time of the incident, political sentiment in Richmond had started to swing away from the company. As the months passed, progressives threatened to take control of the city government. They promoted a future without the refinery — just as Chevron sought approval from city officials for a sweeping project to overhaul and modernize it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the 2014 election cycle dawned, Chevron took action to ensure its voice was heard. It promised a huge investment in scholarships and public health programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron also spent $3 million to help propel pro-industry candidates. They all lost. “The election became a referendum on Chevron,” says Tom Butt, at the time a city council member who won election as mayor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron also launched\u003cem> The Richmond Standard\u003c/em> that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the outset, the company disclosed its involvement. In small letters at the top of its homepage, the site reads, “Funded by Chevron.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981102\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1703px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5353_custom-70d0b60670307735f71cb85a8507b0f4ce42ab21-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981102\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5353_custom-70d0b60670307735f71cb85a8507b0f4ce42ab21-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"An elderly white man wearing a tan jacket sits down outside.\" width=\"1703\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5353_custom-70d0b60670307735f71cb85a8507b0f4ce42ab21-scaled.jpg 1703w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5353_custom-70d0b60670307735f71cb85a8507b0f4ce42ab21-800x1203.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5353_custom-70d0b60670307735f71cb85a8507b0f4ce42ab21-1020x1533.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5353_custom-70d0b60670307735f71cb85a8507b0f4ce42ab21-160x241.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5353_custom-70d0b60670307735f71cb85a8507b0f4ce42ab21-1022x1536.jpg 1022w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5353_custom-70d0b60670307735f71cb85a8507b0f4ce42ab21-1362x2048.jpg 1362w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5353_custom-70d0b60670307735f71cb85a8507b0f4ce42ab21-1920x2886.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1703px) 100vw, 1703px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tom Butt was elected mayor of Richmond in 2014. He says that election was a referendum on Chevron. \u003ccite>(Brian L. Frank/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the aftermath of the election, the Standard published a 428-word statement from \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/chevron-speaks/2014/11/19/election-mattered/\">Chevron\u003c/a> in its entirety that defended the company’s actions and criticized the city’s new leaders. “The question for Richmond is: Will local leaders recognize that business is integral to the city’s success?” the Chevron statement read. “Or, will city leaders continue to oppose efforts to create growth, preferring instead to watch the business climate — and the prosperity that business helps generate — decline?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘We should be outraged’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Katt Ramos, who helps lead Communities for a Better Environment’s Richmond chapter, stages tours to demonstrate what she says is Chevron’s destructive legacy. It also illustrates what happens when independent local news disappears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She stops by Peres K–8 School in the Iron Triangle, a nickname derived from the three train tracks that intersect here. Older kids play soccer on a field with a coach while younger ones cavort on a playground. Beyond the school fence, the Chevron plant stands less than a mile away. A sign next to the school’s entrance warns of a shallow hazardous liquid pipeline from the refinery, a warning not to dig there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nothing that is normalized about childhood is normalized in Richmond,” Ramos says. Adults have to tell kids they can’t play outdoors due to a high number of bad air days, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981103\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1703px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4959_custom-9ae1328aaedb9053674e149d6ad183dc5bf607a9-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981103\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4959_custom-9ae1328aaedb9053674e149d6ad183dc5bf607a9-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A close up image of woman with black hair and a greenish scarf outside.\" width=\"1703\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4959_custom-9ae1328aaedb9053674e149d6ad183dc5bf607a9-scaled.jpg 1703w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4959_custom-9ae1328aaedb9053674e149d6ad183dc5bf607a9-800x1203.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4959_custom-9ae1328aaedb9053674e149d6ad183dc5bf607a9-1020x1533.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4959_custom-9ae1328aaedb9053674e149d6ad183dc5bf607a9-160x241.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4959_custom-9ae1328aaedb9053674e149d6ad183dc5bf607a9-1022x1536.jpg 1022w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4959_custom-9ae1328aaedb9053674e149d6ad183dc5bf607a9-1362x2048.jpg 1362w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4959_custom-9ae1328aaedb9053674e149d6ad183dc5bf607a9-1920x2886.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1703px) 100vw, 1703px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Nothing that is normalized about childhood is normalized in Richmond,’ says Katt Ramos, a local climate activist. She says the city’s air pollution problems and residents’ health issues are rarely covered in the news. \u003ccite>(Brian L. Frank/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the best way of gauging the seriousness of such concerns is to look at child admissions to emergency rooms for asthma, says Anne Kelsey Lamb, who oversees asthma research for the Oakland-based Public Health Institute. Children in the ZIP code of the Iron Triangle — which includes the refinery as well as the neighborhoods surrounding the Peres school — are admitted for emergency care for asthma at triple the rate for California at large. (The institute provided an analysis of the most recent available state statistics at the request of NPR and Floodlight.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parceling out responsibility for air pollution is complicated, given Richmond’s many highways and railroads, along with the refinery. The regional board that regulates air quality found that Chevron accounts for 63% of all particle pollution in Richmond and two neighboring towns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These issues rarely get covered, Ramos says. She starts to weep gently when talking about the city’s future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think, at best, we should be outraged, you know?” she says. “Everyone should be concerned about the conditions that our community has to face.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The PR firm running the Standard\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While Chevron owns the \u003cem>Standard\u003c/em>, San Francisco-based Singer Associates runs it from across the bay. The consulting firm is known for handling PR crises. Founder Sam Singer is no stranger to Richmond; he grew up in Berkeley and briefly worked at the Richmond \u003cem>Independent\u003c/em> and a sister paper before moving on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singer Associates has written that the news outlet came about after Chevron developed a “fractured relationship with many stakeholders, including city government leaders.” The site was part of an effort “to provide the company with greater freedom to operate by increasing awareness for the positive role it plays in Richmond,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/117/meeting/house/115094/documents/HHRG-117-II15-20220914-SD007.pdf\">according to Singer’s application for an industry award\u003c/a>, as cited in a U.S. House Natural Resources Committee staff report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981104\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001474_custom-1539e2b09a55fba135d92ed538aee324aa2fdedb-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981104\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001474_custom-1539e2b09a55fba135d92ed538aee324aa2fdedb-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A man swings a fishing pole over his head by a body of water.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1705\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001474_custom-1539e2b09a55fba135d92ed538aee324aa2fdedb-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001474_custom-1539e2b09a55fba135d92ed538aee324aa2fdedb-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001474_custom-1539e2b09a55fba135d92ed538aee324aa2fdedb-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001474_custom-1539e2b09a55fba135d92ed538aee324aa2fdedb-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001474_custom-1539e2b09a55fba135d92ed538aee324aa2fdedb-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001474_custom-1539e2b09a55fba135d92ed538aee324aa2fdedb-2048x1364.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001474_custom-1539e2b09a55fba135d92ed538aee324aa2fdedb-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A man fishes for leopard sharks in the waterways along Point Richmond, a thoroughfare for petroleum that has been the site of several oil and chemical spills. \u003ccite>(Brian L. Frank/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Singer Associates employee Mike Aldax, a former reporter for the defunct \u003cem>San Francisco Examiner\u003c/em> and the Bay City News Service, writes most Standard articles. (Aldax did not return messages seeking comment.) The site also hired two journalists who live in Richmond to write for the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our team has worked hard to build relationships with the community, which is why people trust us, and turn to us, to cover community stories,” Singer wrote in an email for this story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pace of reporting ebbs and flows. Some featured videos on the \u003cem>Standard\u003c/em>‘s homepage are several years old. The metabolism of fresh posts stepped up in early March, shortly after NPR and Floodlight first sent a series of queries about the Standard to Chevron and Singer for this story.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Chevron newsrooms begin in South America\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In launching the \u003cem>Standard\u003c/em>, Chevron followed a path the fossil fuel giant had first forged thousands of miles to the south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2009, Singer has run The Amazon Post in Ecuador at Chevron’s direction. The English-language site emerged as Chevron confronted lengthy multibillion-dollar litigation seeking to hold it liable for the pollution from oil drilling there. (Chevron had acquired Texaco in 2001, which was responsible for the oil extraction.) Chevron’s legal battle spread to other nations, including the U.S. and Brazil. The American attorney who led the suits against Chevron for Ecuadorian farmers and Indigenous peoples was a frequent target of the site. He was ultimately disbarred in New York for his actions in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981105\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-1247205074_custom-4333df7acdf33ebf2db696a0a6694986214e004c-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981105\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-1247205074_custom-4333df7acdf33ebf2db696a0a6694986214e004c-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Flames flicker from a refinery surrounded by trees.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1705\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-1247205074_custom-4333df7acdf33ebf2db696a0a6694986214e004c-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-1247205074_custom-4333df7acdf33ebf2db696a0a6694986214e004c-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-1247205074_custom-4333df7acdf33ebf2db696a0a6694986214e004c-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-1247205074_custom-4333df7acdf33ebf2db696a0a6694986214e004c-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-1247205074_custom-4333df7acdf33ebf2db696a0a6694986214e004c-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-1247205074_custom-4333df7acdf33ebf2db696a0a6694986214e004c-2048x1364.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-1247205074_custom-4333df7acdf33ebf2db696a0a6694986214e004c-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flames flicker through the thick green trees of the Ecuadorian Amazon rainforest — where gas flares, oil wells and refineries darken the landscape and poison the environment — shown in Shushufindi, Ecuador, in 2023. The legacy there of Texaco, which Chevron acquired, has inspired lengthy legal battles in several countries. \u003ccite>(Pedro Pardo/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://theamazonpost.com/\">The Amazon Post\u003c/a> caters to English-speaking audiences and clearly discloses that it reflects “Chevron’s Views & Opinions on the Ecuador Lawsuit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A subsequent Spanish-language site called Juicio Crudo (an allusion to crude oil) focuses\u003ca href=\"https://www.juiciocrudo.com/\"> squarely\u003c/a> on a damning legal judgment against Chevron that a U.S. court later \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/05/business/federal-judge-rules-for-chevron-in-ecuadorean-pollution-case.html\">found to be fraudulent\u003c/a>. It reprints text directly from Chevron’s Spanish-language \u003ca href=\"https://www.juiciocrudo.com/documentos/f8eda1d720.pdf\">press releases\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By contrast, \u003ca href=\"https://www.eloriente.com/\">El Oriente\u003c/a>, a Spanish-language digital outlet launched in 2019, presents as a news site aimed at audiences residing in the Ecuadorian Amazon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until recently, it noted at the bottom of its page that it was “sponsored by Chevron.” Days after NPR and Floodlight started posing questions about Chevron’s sites, the affiliation was moved to the top, just beneath the site’s name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sites link to one another. Chevron says those sites are managed separately, not by Singer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In at least one instance, the controversies surrounding Chevron in Ecuador inspired fodder for the Standard back in Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, Richmond’s then-mayor, \u003ca href=\"https://ci.richmond.ca.us/directory.aspx?EID=1070\">Gayle McLaughlin\u003c/a>, traveled to see Ecuador’s environmental degradation at a time when her party sought to force Chevron to pay more to the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after she returned home, the \u003cem>Standard\u003c/em>‘s Aldax reported: “The mayor’s six-day trip to Ecuador was in support [of] the South American nation in its ongoing battle against Chevron, which it falsely blames for polluting the rain forest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/richmond/2014/06/11/richmond-mayor-gayle-mclaughlins-association-with-ecuadors-u-s-pr-firm-raises-questions/\">Aldax wrote\u003c/a> that McLaughlin was late filing $4,499 in expenses for the trip, which the Ecuadorian government had paid for. The article embedded a \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/ugtMBkqmXbQ\">video \u003c/a>produced by The Amazon Post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981106\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-467523155_custom-62bb18a46688cf4f9983ca4f55478a33127b602c-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981106\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-467523155_custom-62bb18a46688cf4f9983ca4f55478a33127b602c-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A white woman wearing glasses and a purple shirt with design speaks and gestures with her hands next to a Black woman with locs and glasses.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1705\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-467523155_custom-62bb18a46688cf4f9983ca4f55478a33127b602c-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-467523155_custom-62bb18a46688cf4f9983ca4f55478a33127b602c-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-467523155_custom-62bb18a46688cf4f9983ca4f55478a33127b602c-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-467523155_custom-62bb18a46688cf4f9983ca4f55478a33127b602c-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-467523155_custom-62bb18a46688cf4f9983ca4f55478a33127b602c-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-467523155_custom-62bb18a46688cf4f9983ca4f55478a33127b602c-2048x1364.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-467523155_custom-62bb18a46688cf4f9983ca4f55478a33127b602c-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gayle McLaughlin, then Richmond’s mayor, speaks onstage during a 2014 event in Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Mike Windle/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It was a rare instance of the Standard producing anything other than benign community news. She had to pay a $200 fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, McLaughlin calls her misstep minor. She tells NPR and Floodlight she believes the story was intended to warn Chevron’s critics that it could embarrass them or just ignore them altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“\u003cem>The Richmond Standard\u003c/em> will never, ever print anything that is critical of Chevron,” McLaughlin says, “and it will never print anything that upholds the community’s victories against Chevron. And we need to spread the word about those victories.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Expanding to Texas\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Chevron launched its latest newsroom, called Permian Proud, in the Permian Basin in August 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The site posts stories about West Texas and New Mexico, which are home to the nation’s highest-producing oil fields, where Chevron has substantial drilling interests — and where \u003ca href=\"https://localnewsinitiative.northwestern.edu/projects/state-of-local-news/explore/#/state-localnewslandscape?state=TX&stateCode=48\">local news has been hard hit\u003c/a>. Permian Proud explained its mission this way: “We aim to complement the important work of existing local media by providing hyper-local news you won’t find anywhere else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike California, Texas is a deeply red state with a broader support base for the oil and gas industry. Even so, Chevron’s future there is similarly deeply reliant on the goodwill of residents and regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over the past year and a half, Permian Proud has put a spotlight on national spelling bee contestants, the local arts community, nonprofit organizations, community events, high school sports, industry accomplishments, and much more,” Chevron spokesperson Catie Matthews wrote in a statement for this story. “Additionally, the platform has amplified coverage of local stories by other news outlets and provided a digital arm to some of our rural communities and smaller nonprofit organizations who would otherwise not have one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Permian Proud also promotes Chevron’s perspective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the articles on the site are rewritten press releases. For example, Permian Proud’s article “\u003ca href=\"https://permianproud.com/chevrons-permian-basin-operations-to-tap-into-more-recycled-water/\">Chevron’s Permian Basin operations to tap into more recycled water\u003c/a>” is almost identical to Chevron’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.chevron.com/newsroom/2022/q3/permian-basin-operations-to-tap-into-more-recycled-water#:~:text=We%20reached%20an%20agreement%20with,by%20the%20end%20of%202023.\">press release\u003c/a>. The original text read, “By using recycled water in our fracking operations, we help preserve fresh water and groundwater in drought-prone areas.” Permian Proud swapped “Chevron helps” for “we help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the few listed bylines: Mike Aldax of Singer and \u003cem>The Richmond Standard\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981107\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4979_custom-b783932e7783d65df058ad8dc7ca9e7cb07cd0a7-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981107\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4979_custom-b783932e7783d65df058ad8dc7ca9e7cb07cd0a7-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A woman with black hair and a greenish scarf outside stands in front of a mural with a microphone painted.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1703\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4979_custom-b783932e7783d65df058ad8dc7ca9e7cb07cd0a7-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4979_custom-b783932e7783d65df058ad8dc7ca9e7cb07cd0a7-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4979_custom-b783932e7783d65df058ad8dc7ca9e7cb07cd0a7-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4979_custom-b783932e7783d65df058ad8dc7ca9e7cb07cd0a7-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4979_custom-b783932e7783d65df058ad8dc7ca9e7cb07cd0a7-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4979_custom-b783932e7783d65df058ad8dc7ca9e7cb07cd0a7-2048x1362.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4979_custom-b783932e7783d65df058ad8dc7ca9e7cb07cd0a7-1920x1277.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ramos says locals share news about Chevron by word of mouth because The Richmond Standard is ‘giving us the opposite of the truth.’ \u003ccite>(Brian L. Frank/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Relying on word of mouth\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the absence of independent local news sources, Richmond residents say they rely on each other for accurate information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A husband-and-wife team started a small news site last year. A former mayor shares his thoughts about local politics in a newsletter. When school is in session, journalism students at the nearby University of California, Berkeley, cover Richmond as part of their studies. A nonprofit group has held listening sessions about plans to extend a hyperlocal site to the area. And sometimes — when the news is big enough — San Francisco TV stations cross the bay to cover it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But mostly, there’s word of mouth. Activist Katt Ramos points to the February 2021 pipeline rupture. As Chevron publicly conceded, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11931168/chevron-agrees-to-pay-200000-for-2021-bay-fuel-spill-at-richmond-refinery\">resident spotted the tainted water\u003c/a> long before Chevron or any news outlet alerted the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of our news is really from me, gathered by our local kind of independent folks that go around covering things for us,” Ramos says. “Because we have to deal with publications like \u003cem>The Richmond Standard\u003c/em> that are giving us the opposite of the truth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Felicia Alvarez, Maria Fernanda Bernal and Richard Tzul of the University of California at Berkeley’s Graduate School of Journalism contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Chevron+owns+this+city%27s+news+site.+Many+stories+aren%27t+told&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s David Folkenflik reported this story with Miranda Green of\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.floodlightnews.org/\">\u003cem> Floodlight\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a nonprofit newsroom that investigates the powerful interests stalling climate action.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RICHMOND, Calif. — Open flames shot upward from four smokestacks at the Chevron refinery on the western edge of Richmond, California Soon, black smoke blanketed the sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News spread quickly that day last November, but by word of mouth, says Denny Khamphanthong, a 29-year-old Richmond resident. “We don’t know the full story, but we know that you shouldn’t breathe in the air or be outside, for that matter,” Khamphanthong says now. “It would be nice to have an actual news outlet that would actually go out there and figure it out themselves.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s primary local news source, \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/\">\u003cem>The Richmond Standard\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, didn’t cover the flare. Nor had it reported on a 2021 Chevron refinery pipeline rupture that dumped nearly 800 gallons of diesel fuel into San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron is the city’s largest employer, largest taxpayer and largest polluter. Yet when it comes to writing about Chevron, \u003cem>The Richmond Standard\u003c/em> consistently toes the company line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there’s a reason for that: Chevron owns \u003cem>The Richmond Standard\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at Chevron’s website and you look at \u003cem>The Richmond Standard\u003c/em>, a lot of the information is copy and paste,” says Katt Ramos, a local climate activist. “They present a very skewed viewpoint that is bought and paid for by Chevron.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981097\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5693_custom-2a426eb8dde45252963199495680bc4bb9d327d0-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981097\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5693_custom-2a426eb8dde45252963199495680bc4bb9d327d0-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A view of a city landscape with trees and a refinery in the background.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1703\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5693_custom-2a426eb8dde45252963199495680bc4bb9d327d0-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5693_custom-2a426eb8dde45252963199495680bc4bb9d327d0-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5693_custom-2a426eb8dde45252963199495680bc4bb9d327d0-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5693_custom-2a426eb8dde45252963199495680bc4bb9d327d0-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5693_custom-2a426eb8dde45252963199495680bc4bb9d327d0-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5693_custom-2a426eb8dde45252963199495680bc4bb9d327d0-2048x1362.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5693_custom-2a426eb8dde45252963199495680bc4bb9d327d0-1920x1277.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The city of Richmond exists in the shadow of the nearby Chevron refinery, which has been connected to poor air quality and health issues in the nearby community. \u003ccite>(Brian L. Frank/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The site’s very name evokes the history of Chevron, which was created when John D. Rockefeller’s Standard Oil was broken up by federal trust-busters more than a century ago. \u003cem>The Richmond Standard\u003c/em> prides itself on being the “number one source for local, community-driven news” about the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around town, in coffee shops, an architect’s office, at a Mexican restaurant, even at a waterside National Park Service site, the Standard is recognized as the main source of news about the city. It carries stories about \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/richmond/2023/03/27/rich-city-rides-launches-capital-campaign-to-purchase-home-base/\">charity drives\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/richmond/2023/09/19/emergency-rail-replacement-prompts-closure-on-s-garrard-blvd/\">street closings\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/lifestyle/entertainment-and-food/2020/07/13/the-factory-bar-sets-opening-date/\">New bars\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/richmond/2023/09/20/art-exhibition-celebrates-latinx-heritage-month-in-richmond/\">art exhibits\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/richmond/2023/07/17/girl-power-coming-to-soccer-field-in-richmond/\">Youth soccer events\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/richmond/2023/05/15/point-richmond-music-announces-lineup-for-summer-concert-series/\">local concerts\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/community/2024/02/06/richmonds-ons-loves-on-at-risk-people-to-end-gun-violence/\">safety initiatives\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Decades ago, the city relied on the Richmond \u003cem>Independent \u003c/em>and the \u003cem>San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/em> to report on the community. And then a pattern familiar across the U.S. unfolded. The \u003cem>Chronicle\u003c/em> pulled back. The \u003cem>Independent\u003c/em> got folded into a newspaper in nearby Berkeley, which itself shut down in 1984. Papers in other East Bay cities shriveled up. Now, the city’s news landscape is dominated by its major corporate force. Markets where news outlets shut down are often called news deserts. The Standard has created something of a news mirage: Stories are told — but with an agenda. Facts displeasing to Chevron are omitted; hard truths softened. The company is seeking to get its point of view across and to convey that it can be trusted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent February night, a city council meeting repeatedly focused on developments involving Chevron. Other than journalists for NPR and Floodlight, not a single journalist attended in person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same San Francisco public relations firm that operates the Standard for Chevron runs a similar site about developments in the Permian Basin in West Texas and New Mexico, where Chevron has major business interests. It also runs one of the company’s sites in Ecuador, where the energy giant has fought back decades of litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981098\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5591_custom-714680c19940b1fb0af95746d3b95944f8dcc85b-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981098\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5591_custom-714680c19940b1fb0af95746d3b95944f8dcc85b-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A person rides a bike through an intersection with cars waiting at a stoplight.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1703\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5591_custom-714680c19940b1fb0af95746d3b95944f8dcc85b-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5591_custom-714680c19940b1fb0af95746d3b95944f8dcc85b-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5591_custom-714680c19940b1fb0af95746d3b95944f8dcc85b-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5591_custom-714680c19940b1fb0af95746d3b95944f8dcc85b-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5591_custom-714680c19940b1fb0af95746d3b95944f8dcc85b-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5591_custom-714680c19940b1fb0af95746d3b95944f8dcc85b-2048x1362.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5591_custom-714680c19940b1fb0af95746d3b95944f8dcc85b-1920x1277.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Richmond Standard is a local news site funded by Chevron, which runs a large refinery in town. \u003ccite>(Brian L. Frank/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Chevron’s bid to control the public discourse comes as efforts to combat climate change threaten the fossil fuel industry, especially in California. State regulators would effectively \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2022/08/25/california-bans-the-sale-of-new-gas-powered-cars-by-2035.html\">ban\u003c/a> the sales of gas-powered cars by 2035. They released the world’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2022/11/16/california-releases-worlds-first-plan-to-achieve-net-zero-carbon-pollution/\">first plan\u003c/a> to achieve net-zero carbon pollution. Other states and countries have adopted similar goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In February, Chevron revealed that it was \u003ca href=\"https://www.sec.gov/ixviewer/ix.html?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/93410/000009341024000013/cvx-20231231.htm#ib7903ee4cd7540d8ab5b70d4bf454edd_121\">losing about $1.8 billion \u003c/a>on assets, mainly in California, because of the state’s tougher regulatory climate. Chevron’s corporate headquarters is in San Ramon, about a 35-mile drive southeast of Richmond, though the company has moved the bulk of its workforce to Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The company saw a need to offer the community more news coverage of Richmond, which had been largely ignored by traditional media with the exception of crime stories,” says Braden Reddall, a manager of external affairs at Chevron. “Most people in Richmond will tell you there is a lot more to the community than what is known and reported by traditional media outlets. It’s a proud community, filled with interesting people who are doing interesting things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reddall, who earlier covered the company for the international news service \u003cem>Reuters\u003c/em>, added that other outlets more than adequately cover Chevron.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981099\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1000858_custom-e488c363fd777c761cf9a17ccd50d608a8e57480-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981099\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1000858_custom-e488c363fd777c761cf9a17ccd50d608a8e57480-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing a green shirt with orange design patterns leans against the side of a building outside.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1705\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1000858_custom-e488c363fd777c761cf9a17ccd50d608a8e57480-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1000858_custom-e488c363fd777c761cf9a17ccd50d608a8e57480-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1000858_custom-e488c363fd777c761cf9a17ccd50d608a8e57480-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1000858_custom-e488c363fd777c761cf9a17ccd50d608a8e57480-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1000858_custom-e488c363fd777c761cf9a17ccd50d608a8e57480-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1000858_custom-e488c363fd777c761cf9a17ccd50d608a8e57480-2048x1364.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1000858_custom-e488c363fd777c761cf9a17ccd50d608a8e57480-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former schoolteacher Patricia Dornan says she reads The Richmond Standard but skips the stories about Chevron. “I don’t read any of the articles about how wonderful their company is,” she says. \u003ccite>(Brian L. Frank/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lifelong Richmond resident Patricia Dornan says she cherry-picks which stories she reads in the \u003cem>Standard\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you understand that it’s going to have a Chevron-Standard Oil point of view, it’s fine because most of the stuff that they’re putting out has nothing to do with them,” says Dornan, a retired middle school teacher. “And so long as it doesn’t have to do with Chevron, it’s fine. I don’t read any of the articles about how wonderful their company is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dornan volunteers at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/rori/index.htm\">Rosie the Riveter World War II Home Front National Historical Park\u003c/a>. She tells visitors about the marvels of American manufacturing in a time of war and about the women welders of Richmond who were able to turn out warships in 51 days rather than two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981121\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1444px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/Screenshot-2024-03-28-at-10.14.03-AM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981121\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/Screenshot-2024-03-28-at-10.14.03-AM.png\" alt=\"A map showing Richmond with red and blue lines outlining pipelines in the area.\" width=\"1444\" height=\"1432\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/Screenshot-2024-03-28-at-10.14.03-AM.png 1444w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/Screenshot-2024-03-28-at-10.14.03-AM-800x793.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/Screenshot-2024-03-28-at-10.14.03-AM-1020x1012.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/Screenshot-2024-03-28-at-10.14.03-AM-160x159.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1444px) 100vw, 1444px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pipeline locations are approximate. Source: Google Earth, US Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, California Department of Technology, OpenStreetMap contributors \u003ccite>(Hilary Fung/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Her grandmother moved to town in 1905 — just three years after the refinery first opened — and her family has been there ever since. One of the streets in town is named after her father. She says Richmond can’t function without Chevron, but a true local news outlet would help hold it accountable to the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she wants to know what Chevron is up to, Dornan says, “I usually ask my friends who are retirees from the refinery — what’s going on?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Richmond deserves more news coverage’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When the Standard launched in 2014, it proclaimed: “Richmond deserves more news coverage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the first time in more than 30 years, Richmond will have a community-driven daily news source dedicated to shining a light on the positive things that are going on in the community,” the \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/chevron-speaks/2013/01/23/richmond-deserves-more-news-coverage/\">site announced.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron presents the Standard as an investment in the Richmond community. \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/117/meeting/house/115094/documents/HHRG-117-II15-20220914-SD007.pdf\">The public relations firm operating the Standard wrote (PDF)\u003c/a>, “This site would tell the stories other outlets had lost the resources to tell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But not all of the stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent review found\u003cem> The Richmond Standard\u003c/em> had published 434 stories that touch on its owner, Chevron, since the site’s inception. Eight articles refer to flaring incidents. None cite oil spills. The majority of the stories that mention Chevron focus on profiles, \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/uncategorized/2024/02/16/chevron-richmond-recognized-for-helping-red-cross-sound-the-alarm-on-fire-safety/\">awards\u003c/a> ceremonies, community projects and \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/richmond/2023/10/20/chevron-richmond-celebrates-hispanic-heritage-month-with-classic-cars-and-much-more/\">celebrations\u003c/a> it throws on such occasions as \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/richmond/2024/02/26/chevron-richmond-marks-milestone-with-25th-black-history-awareness-celebration/\">Black History\u003c/a> and Hispanic Heritage months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Bay Area air pollution regulators secured landmark concessions from Chevron in February to settle a lawsuit, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11975650/bay-air-district-hails-decisive-victory-in-battle-to-cut-refinery-pollution\">they called it a “decisive victory\u003c/a>.” The \u003cem>San Jose Mercury News\u003c/em> headline cited “\u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2024/02/13/east-bay-refineries-settle-with-bay-area-air-quality-agency-agree-to-20-million-in-fines-for-hundreds-of-violations/\">$20 million in fines for hundreds of air-quality violations\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cem>The \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/richmond/2024/02/13/chevron-agreement-with-air-district-called-win-for-environment-and-energy/\">Richmond Standard\u003c/a> \u003c/em>was more reserved: “Chevron agreement with Air District called win for environment and energy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The article did not clearly lay out the core of the litigation. The words “fine” and “penalty” did not appear. Careful readers might have been able to piece together what transpired: The news outlet described an agreement involving $20 million that “solidifies the future of energy production at the Richmond Refinery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a whole host of news outlets around the Bay Area that cover the refinery,” says Reddall, the Chevron spokesperson. “The Standard seeks to fill in the gaps. From where I’m sitting, I don’t think that it’s a refinery that’s not written about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981100\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001528_custom-8f3c0ecaa5280f513873a046609f97a67b508583-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981100\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001528_custom-8f3c0ecaa5280f513873a046609f97a67b508583-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A person rides a bike down a street with a mural in the background.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1705\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001528_custom-8f3c0ecaa5280f513873a046609f97a67b508583-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001528_custom-8f3c0ecaa5280f513873a046609f97a67b508583-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001528_custom-8f3c0ecaa5280f513873a046609f97a67b508583-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001528_custom-8f3c0ecaa5280f513873a046609f97a67b508583-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001528_custom-8f3c0ecaa5280f513873a046609f97a67b508583-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001528_custom-8f3c0ecaa5280f513873a046609f97a67b508583-2048x1364.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001528_custom-8f3c0ecaa5280f513873a046609f97a67b508583-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Richmond is a working-class city of 115,000 — nearly half of whom are Latino. Most people working at the Chevron refinery live outside the city. \u003ccite>(Brian L. Frank/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>A news mirage\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Boundaries blur between city and corporation in this largely working-class city of 115,000 people, almost half of whom are Latino. The tech boom of nearby Silicon Valley and the opulence of neighboring Marin County feel like universes away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The public high school’s mascot is the Oilers. Streets are named Ammonia and Petrolite and Xylene. Chevron’s network of pipes, low-lying cooling ponds and even sulfuric stench have become defining parts of the town’s character. A nature park where tufted egrets and hummingbirds frolic abuts the nearly 3,000-acre refinery itself — an expansive preserve of smokestacks, pipelines and tanks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron, which recorded $21.3 billion in profits last year, has played an outsized role in Richmond for decades. It supplies the city with jobs — yet most Chevron employees live elsewhere. It pays roughly $50 million a year to Richmond — more than a sixth of the town’s annual revenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company’s relationship with Richmond turned sour rather abruptly in 2012. An explosion at the refinery injured \u003ca href=\"https://abc7news.com/chevron-refinery-fire-cal-osha-fine-calosha-fined/2247343/\">19 employees.\u003c/a> The air pollution from the resulting industrial fire could be seen from miles away. In the ensuing days, 15,000 Bay Area residents went to medical centers for respiratory complications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981101\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5002_custom-7b06acdc68e74ea0931de6c640522261dd48c5d1-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981101\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5002_custom-7b06acdc68e74ea0931de6c640522261dd48c5d1-scaled.jpg\" alt='A sign with red lettering on the side of a building that reads \"Richmond Oilers.\"' width=\"2560\" height=\"1703\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5002_custom-7b06acdc68e74ea0931de6c640522261dd48c5d1-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5002_custom-7b06acdc68e74ea0931de6c640522261dd48c5d1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5002_custom-7b06acdc68e74ea0931de6c640522261dd48c5d1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5002_custom-7b06acdc68e74ea0931de6c640522261dd48c5d1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5002_custom-7b06acdc68e74ea0931de6c640522261dd48c5d1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5002_custom-7b06acdc68e74ea0931de6c640522261dd48c5d1-2048x1362.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5002_custom-7b06acdc68e74ea0931de6c640522261dd48c5d1-1920x1277.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Richmond High School mascot is the Oilers. \u003ccite>(Brian L. Frank/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>State and local prosecutors charged Chevron with \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/chevron-convicted-of-labor-codes-pays-2m-after-refinery-fire/1951195/\">criminal negligence\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2013/08/05/chevron-2m-fire/2620303/\">other crimes. T\u003c/a>he company settled by pleading no contest to six charges, paying out roughly $10 million to affected local residents, agencies and hospitals. Chevron also paid $5 million directly to the city of Richmond to settle a separate civil lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the time of the incident, political sentiment in Richmond had started to swing away from the company. As the months passed, progressives threatened to take control of the city government. They promoted a future without the refinery — just as Chevron sought approval from city officials for a sweeping project to overhaul and modernize it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the 2014 election cycle dawned, Chevron took action to ensure its voice was heard. It promised a huge investment in scholarships and public health programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron also spent $3 million to help propel pro-industry candidates. They all lost. “The election became a referendum on Chevron,” says Tom Butt, at the time a city council member who won election as mayor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron also launched\u003cem> The Richmond Standard\u003c/em> that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the outset, the company disclosed its involvement. In small letters at the top of its homepage, the site reads, “Funded by Chevron.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981102\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1703px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5353_custom-70d0b60670307735f71cb85a8507b0f4ce42ab21-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981102\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5353_custom-70d0b60670307735f71cb85a8507b0f4ce42ab21-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"An elderly white man wearing a tan jacket sits down outside.\" width=\"1703\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5353_custom-70d0b60670307735f71cb85a8507b0f4ce42ab21-scaled.jpg 1703w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5353_custom-70d0b60670307735f71cb85a8507b0f4ce42ab21-800x1203.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5353_custom-70d0b60670307735f71cb85a8507b0f4ce42ab21-1020x1533.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5353_custom-70d0b60670307735f71cb85a8507b0f4ce42ab21-160x241.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5353_custom-70d0b60670307735f71cb85a8507b0f4ce42ab21-1022x1536.jpg 1022w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5353_custom-70d0b60670307735f71cb85a8507b0f4ce42ab21-1362x2048.jpg 1362w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_5353_custom-70d0b60670307735f71cb85a8507b0f4ce42ab21-1920x2886.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1703px) 100vw, 1703px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tom Butt was elected mayor of Richmond in 2014. He says that election was a referendum on Chevron. \u003ccite>(Brian L. Frank/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the aftermath of the election, the Standard published a 428-word statement from \u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/chevron-speaks/2014/11/19/election-mattered/\">Chevron\u003c/a> in its entirety that defended the company’s actions and criticized the city’s new leaders. “The question for Richmond is: Will local leaders recognize that business is integral to the city’s success?” the Chevron statement read. “Or, will city leaders continue to oppose efforts to create growth, preferring instead to watch the business climate — and the prosperity that business helps generate — decline?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘We should be outraged’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Katt Ramos, who helps lead Communities for a Better Environment’s Richmond chapter, stages tours to demonstrate what she says is Chevron’s destructive legacy. It also illustrates what happens when independent local news disappears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She stops by Peres K–8 School in the Iron Triangle, a nickname derived from the three train tracks that intersect here. Older kids play soccer on a field with a coach while younger ones cavort on a playground. Beyond the school fence, the Chevron plant stands less than a mile away. A sign next to the school’s entrance warns of a shallow hazardous liquid pipeline from the refinery, a warning not to dig there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nothing that is normalized about childhood is normalized in Richmond,” Ramos says. Adults have to tell kids they can’t play outdoors due to a high number of bad air days, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981103\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1703px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4959_custom-9ae1328aaedb9053674e149d6ad183dc5bf607a9-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981103\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4959_custom-9ae1328aaedb9053674e149d6ad183dc5bf607a9-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A close up image of woman with black hair and a greenish scarf outside.\" width=\"1703\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4959_custom-9ae1328aaedb9053674e149d6ad183dc5bf607a9-scaled.jpg 1703w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4959_custom-9ae1328aaedb9053674e149d6ad183dc5bf607a9-800x1203.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4959_custom-9ae1328aaedb9053674e149d6ad183dc5bf607a9-1020x1533.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4959_custom-9ae1328aaedb9053674e149d6ad183dc5bf607a9-160x241.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4959_custom-9ae1328aaedb9053674e149d6ad183dc5bf607a9-1022x1536.jpg 1022w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4959_custom-9ae1328aaedb9053674e149d6ad183dc5bf607a9-1362x2048.jpg 1362w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4959_custom-9ae1328aaedb9053674e149d6ad183dc5bf607a9-1920x2886.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1703px) 100vw, 1703px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Nothing that is normalized about childhood is normalized in Richmond,’ says Katt Ramos, a local climate activist. She says the city’s air pollution problems and residents’ health issues are rarely covered in the news. \u003ccite>(Brian L. Frank/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the best way of gauging the seriousness of such concerns is to look at child admissions to emergency rooms for asthma, says Anne Kelsey Lamb, who oversees asthma research for the Oakland-based Public Health Institute. Children in the ZIP code of the Iron Triangle — which includes the refinery as well as the neighborhoods surrounding the Peres school — are admitted for emergency care for asthma at triple the rate for California at large. (The institute provided an analysis of the most recent available state statistics at the request of NPR and Floodlight.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parceling out responsibility for air pollution is complicated, given Richmond’s many highways and railroads, along with the refinery. The regional board that regulates air quality found that Chevron accounts for 63% of all particle pollution in Richmond and two neighboring towns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These issues rarely get covered, Ramos says. She starts to weep gently when talking about the city’s future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think, at best, we should be outraged, you know?” she says. “Everyone should be concerned about the conditions that our community has to face.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The PR firm running the Standard\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While Chevron owns the \u003cem>Standard\u003c/em>, San Francisco-based Singer Associates runs it from across the bay. The consulting firm is known for handling PR crises. Founder Sam Singer is no stranger to Richmond; he grew up in Berkeley and briefly worked at the Richmond \u003cem>Independent\u003c/em> and a sister paper before moving on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singer Associates has written that the news outlet came about after Chevron developed a “fractured relationship with many stakeholders, including city government leaders.” The site was part of an effort “to provide the company with greater freedom to operate by increasing awareness for the positive role it plays in Richmond,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/117/meeting/house/115094/documents/HHRG-117-II15-20220914-SD007.pdf\">according to Singer’s application for an industry award\u003c/a>, as cited in a U.S. House Natural Resources Committee staff report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981104\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001474_custom-1539e2b09a55fba135d92ed538aee324aa2fdedb-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981104\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001474_custom-1539e2b09a55fba135d92ed538aee324aa2fdedb-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A man swings a fishing pole over his head by a body of water.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1705\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001474_custom-1539e2b09a55fba135d92ed538aee324aa2fdedb-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001474_custom-1539e2b09a55fba135d92ed538aee324aa2fdedb-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001474_custom-1539e2b09a55fba135d92ed538aee324aa2fdedb-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001474_custom-1539e2b09a55fba135d92ed538aee324aa2fdedb-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001474_custom-1539e2b09a55fba135d92ed538aee324aa2fdedb-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001474_custom-1539e2b09a55fba135d92ed538aee324aa2fdedb-2048x1364.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/l1001474_custom-1539e2b09a55fba135d92ed538aee324aa2fdedb-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A man fishes for leopard sharks in the waterways along Point Richmond, a thoroughfare for petroleum that has been the site of several oil and chemical spills. \u003ccite>(Brian L. Frank/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Singer Associates employee Mike Aldax, a former reporter for the defunct \u003cem>San Francisco Examiner\u003c/em> and the Bay City News Service, writes most Standard articles. (Aldax did not return messages seeking comment.) The site also hired two journalists who live in Richmond to write for the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our team has worked hard to build relationships with the community, which is why people trust us, and turn to us, to cover community stories,” Singer wrote in an email for this story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pace of reporting ebbs and flows. Some featured videos on the \u003cem>Standard\u003c/em>‘s homepage are several years old. The metabolism of fresh posts stepped up in early March, shortly after NPR and Floodlight first sent a series of queries about the Standard to Chevron and Singer for this story.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Chevron newsrooms begin in South America\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In launching the \u003cem>Standard\u003c/em>, Chevron followed a path the fossil fuel giant had first forged thousands of miles to the south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2009, Singer has run The Amazon Post in Ecuador at Chevron’s direction. The English-language site emerged as Chevron confronted lengthy multibillion-dollar litigation seeking to hold it liable for the pollution from oil drilling there. (Chevron had acquired Texaco in 2001, which was responsible for the oil extraction.) Chevron’s legal battle spread to other nations, including the U.S. and Brazil. The American attorney who led the suits against Chevron for Ecuadorian farmers and Indigenous peoples was a frequent target of the site. He was ultimately disbarred in New York for his actions in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981105\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-1247205074_custom-4333df7acdf33ebf2db696a0a6694986214e004c-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981105\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-1247205074_custom-4333df7acdf33ebf2db696a0a6694986214e004c-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Flames flicker from a refinery surrounded by trees.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1705\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-1247205074_custom-4333df7acdf33ebf2db696a0a6694986214e004c-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-1247205074_custom-4333df7acdf33ebf2db696a0a6694986214e004c-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-1247205074_custom-4333df7acdf33ebf2db696a0a6694986214e004c-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-1247205074_custom-4333df7acdf33ebf2db696a0a6694986214e004c-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-1247205074_custom-4333df7acdf33ebf2db696a0a6694986214e004c-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-1247205074_custom-4333df7acdf33ebf2db696a0a6694986214e004c-2048x1364.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-1247205074_custom-4333df7acdf33ebf2db696a0a6694986214e004c-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flames flicker through the thick green trees of the Ecuadorian Amazon rainforest — where gas flares, oil wells and refineries darken the landscape and poison the environment — shown in Shushufindi, Ecuador, in 2023. The legacy there of Texaco, which Chevron acquired, has inspired lengthy legal battles in several countries. \u003ccite>(Pedro Pardo/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://theamazonpost.com/\">The Amazon Post\u003c/a> caters to English-speaking audiences and clearly discloses that it reflects “Chevron’s Views & Opinions on the Ecuador Lawsuit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A subsequent Spanish-language site called Juicio Crudo (an allusion to crude oil) focuses\u003ca href=\"https://www.juiciocrudo.com/\"> squarely\u003c/a> on a damning legal judgment against Chevron that a U.S. court later \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/05/business/federal-judge-rules-for-chevron-in-ecuadorean-pollution-case.html\">found to be fraudulent\u003c/a>. It reprints text directly from Chevron’s Spanish-language \u003ca href=\"https://www.juiciocrudo.com/documentos/f8eda1d720.pdf\">press releases\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By contrast, \u003ca href=\"https://www.eloriente.com/\">El Oriente\u003c/a>, a Spanish-language digital outlet launched in 2019, presents as a news site aimed at audiences residing in the Ecuadorian Amazon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until recently, it noted at the bottom of its page that it was “sponsored by Chevron.” Days after NPR and Floodlight started posing questions about Chevron’s sites, the affiliation was moved to the top, just beneath the site’s name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sites link to one another. Chevron says those sites are managed separately, not by Singer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In at least one instance, the controversies surrounding Chevron in Ecuador inspired fodder for the Standard back in Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, Richmond’s then-mayor, \u003ca href=\"https://ci.richmond.ca.us/directory.aspx?EID=1070\">Gayle McLaughlin\u003c/a>, traveled to see Ecuador’s environmental degradation at a time when her party sought to force Chevron to pay more to the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after she returned home, the \u003cem>Standard\u003c/em>‘s Aldax reported: “The mayor’s six-day trip to Ecuador was in support [of] the South American nation in its ongoing battle against Chevron, which it falsely blames for polluting the rain forest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://richmondstandard.com/richmond/2014/06/11/richmond-mayor-gayle-mclaughlins-association-with-ecuadors-u-s-pr-firm-raises-questions/\">Aldax wrote\u003c/a> that McLaughlin was late filing $4,499 in expenses for the trip, which the Ecuadorian government had paid for. The article embedded a \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/ugtMBkqmXbQ\">video \u003c/a>produced by The Amazon Post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981106\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-467523155_custom-62bb18a46688cf4f9983ca4f55478a33127b602c-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981106\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-467523155_custom-62bb18a46688cf4f9983ca4f55478a33127b602c-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A white woman wearing glasses and a purple shirt with design speaks and gestures with her hands next to a Black woman with locs and glasses.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1705\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-467523155_custom-62bb18a46688cf4f9983ca4f55478a33127b602c-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-467523155_custom-62bb18a46688cf4f9983ca4f55478a33127b602c-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-467523155_custom-62bb18a46688cf4f9983ca4f55478a33127b602c-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-467523155_custom-62bb18a46688cf4f9983ca4f55478a33127b602c-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-467523155_custom-62bb18a46688cf4f9983ca4f55478a33127b602c-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-467523155_custom-62bb18a46688cf4f9983ca4f55478a33127b602c-2048x1364.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-467523155_custom-62bb18a46688cf4f9983ca4f55478a33127b602c-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gayle McLaughlin, then Richmond’s mayor, speaks onstage during a 2014 event in Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Mike Windle/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It was a rare instance of the Standard producing anything other than benign community news. She had to pay a $200 fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, McLaughlin calls her misstep minor. She tells NPR and Floodlight she believes the story was intended to warn Chevron’s critics that it could embarrass them or just ignore them altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“\u003cem>The Richmond Standard\u003c/em> will never, ever print anything that is critical of Chevron,” McLaughlin says, “and it will never print anything that upholds the community’s victories against Chevron. And we need to spread the word about those victories.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Expanding to Texas\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Chevron launched its latest newsroom, called Permian Proud, in the Permian Basin in August 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The site posts stories about West Texas and New Mexico, which are home to the nation’s highest-producing oil fields, where Chevron has substantial drilling interests — and where \u003ca href=\"https://localnewsinitiative.northwestern.edu/projects/state-of-local-news/explore/#/state-localnewslandscape?state=TX&stateCode=48\">local news has been hard hit\u003c/a>. Permian Proud explained its mission this way: “We aim to complement the important work of existing local media by providing hyper-local news you won’t find anywhere else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike California, Texas is a deeply red state with a broader support base for the oil and gas industry. Even so, Chevron’s future there is similarly deeply reliant on the goodwill of residents and regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over the past year and a half, Permian Proud has put a spotlight on national spelling bee contestants, the local arts community, nonprofit organizations, community events, high school sports, industry accomplishments, and much more,” Chevron spokesperson Catie Matthews wrote in a statement for this story. “Additionally, the platform has amplified coverage of local stories by other news outlets and provided a digital arm to some of our rural communities and smaller nonprofit organizations who would otherwise not have one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Permian Proud also promotes Chevron’s perspective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the articles on the site are rewritten press releases. For example, Permian Proud’s article “\u003ca href=\"https://permianproud.com/chevrons-permian-basin-operations-to-tap-into-more-recycled-water/\">Chevron’s Permian Basin operations to tap into more recycled water\u003c/a>” is almost identical to Chevron’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.chevron.com/newsroom/2022/q3/permian-basin-operations-to-tap-into-more-recycled-water#:~:text=We%20reached%20an%20agreement%20with,by%20the%20end%20of%202023.\">press release\u003c/a>. The original text read, “By using recycled water in our fracking operations, we help preserve fresh water and groundwater in drought-prone areas.” Permian Proud swapped “Chevron helps” for “we help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the few listed bylines: Mike Aldax of Singer and \u003cem>The Richmond Standard\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11981107\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4979_custom-b783932e7783d65df058ad8dc7ca9e7cb07cd0a7-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11981107\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4979_custom-b783932e7783d65df058ad8dc7ca9e7cb07cd0a7-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A woman with black hair and a greenish scarf outside stands in front of a mural with a microphone painted.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1703\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4979_custom-b783932e7783d65df058ad8dc7ca9e7cb07cd0a7-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4979_custom-b783932e7783d65df058ad8dc7ca9e7cb07cd0a7-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4979_custom-b783932e7783d65df058ad8dc7ca9e7cb07cd0a7-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4979_custom-b783932e7783d65df058ad8dc7ca9e7cb07cd0a7-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4979_custom-b783932e7783d65df058ad8dc7ca9e7cb07cd0a7-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4979_custom-b783932e7783d65df058ad8dc7ca9e7cb07cd0a7-2048x1362.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/z62_4979_custom-b783932e7783d65df058ad8dc7ca9e7cb07cd0a7-1920x1277.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ramos says locals share news about Chevron by word of mouth because The Richmond Standard is ‘giving us the opposite of the truth.’ \u003ccite>(Brian L. Frank/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Relying on word of mouth\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the absence of independent local news sources, Richmond residents say they rely on each other for accurate information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A husband-and-wife team started a small news site last year. A former mayor shares his thoughts about local politics in a newsletter. When school is in session, journalism students at the nearby University of California, Berkeley, cover Richmond as part of their studies. A nonprofit group has held listening sessions about plans to extend a hyperlocal site to the area. And sometimes — when the news is big enough — San Francisco TV stations cross the bay to cover it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But mostly, there’s word of mouth. Activist Katt Ramos points to the February 2021 pipeline rupture. As Chevron publicly conceded, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11931168/chevron-agrees-to-pay-200000-for-2021-bay-fuel-spill-at-richmond-refinery\">resident spotted the tainted water\u003c/a> long before Chevron or any news outlet alerted the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of our news is really from me, gathered by our local kind of independent folks that go around covering things for us,” Ramos says. “Because we have to deal with publications like \u003cem>The Richmond Standard\u003c/em> that are giving us the opposite of the truth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Felicia Alvarez, Maria Fernanda Bernal and Richard Tzul of the University of California at Berkeley’s Graduate School of Journalism contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Chevron+owns+this+city%27s+news+site.+Many+stories+aren%27t+told&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Meta — the parent company of Facebook, Instagram and Threads — is making good on its promise to tamp down the amount of political posts that users see on their feeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meta \u003ca href=\"https://about.instagram.com/blog/announcements/continuing-our-approach-to-political-content-on-instagram-and-threads\">said in early February\u003c/a> that Instagram and Threads would stop recommending political content from accounts that users don’t already follow. It said it would roll out the changes “slowly over time,” though did not specify when.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Adam Mosseri, head of Instagram\"]‘Our goal is to preserve the ability for people to choose to interact with political content while respecting each person’s appetite for it.’[/pullquote]The change started unrolling for users last week, Meta confirmed to NPR on Monday. And Instagram users quickly started noticing that their default settings had changed to limit content that is “likely to mention governments, elections, or social topics that affect a group of people and/or society at large,” as the app now puts it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The change has caught even the most online off guard, with many users \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/mattxiv/status/1771201399289696576?s=20\">criticizing Meta\u003c/a> for \u003ca href=\"https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2024/03/instagram-users-outraged-by-app-limiting-political-content-ahead-of-elections/\">limiting political content\u003c/a> in a year when the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/01/20/1225795005/2024-is-a-big-election-year-around-the-globe-will-democracy-win\">U.S. and several other countries\u003c/a> will hold pivotal elections — and for doing so with relatively little warning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And many noted that Meta’s definition of political content — “potentially related to things like laws, elections, or social topics” — appears rather broad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company has refused to clarify further what exactly constitutes political content under its cryptic definition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the move aligns with a yearslong shift away from news across Meta’s services. Last year, the company’s executives said Threads would not boost posts about news and social issues, angering many who turn to social media to stay up to date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spokesperson Dani Lever told several media outlets that the change builds on “years of work on how we approach and treat political content based on what people have told us they wanted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While company executives argue that the shift away from news is what users want, experts say Meta is also trying to distance itself from accusations of political bias and being blamed for the rise of misinformation and the growth of online extremism.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What the change does — and how to undo it\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Meta has emphasized that the new setting won’t affect content from accounts that people already follow and that it gives them the option to choose how much political content they get recommended otherwise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instagram head Adam Mosseri \u003ca href=\"https://www.threads.net/@mosseri/post/C3IjVOovcS5\">said on Threads\u003c/a> last month that the change will influence what people see on their main feeds of Instagram and Threads, like the explore page, reels, feed recommendations and suggested users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our goal is to preserve the ability for people to choose to interact with political content while respecting each person’s appetite for it,” Mosseri said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meta has stressed that people who want political recommendations can still opt in to getting them. Here’s how:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Go to your Instagram profile\u003c/strong> and tap the three horizontal lines in the top-right corner to open the “Settings and activity” tab.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Scroll down to the “What you see”\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>section\u003c/strong> and click on “Content preferences.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Open the “Political content” page\u003c/strong> and turn on the “Don’t limit political content” option.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Meta is characterizing the change as an extension of its current approach to political content.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It made \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/2022/07/21/facebook-tiktok-feed-changes\">significant changes to its algorithm\u003c/a> in recent years after \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/27/1190383104/new-study-shows-just-how-facebooks-algorithm-shapes-conservative-and-liberal-bub\">mounting evidence and criticism\u003c/a> of the role that Facebook and Instagram played in sowing misinformation and polarization in the 2016 and 2020 U.S. elections. Facebook has increasingly leaned into entertainment and away from news, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2024/01/22/metas-retreat-from-news-accelerated-in-2023-leaving-media-scrambling.html\">disrupting traffic for many major publishers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People have told us they want to see less political content, so we have spent the last few years refining our approach on Facebook to reduce the amount of political content — including from politicians’ accounts — you see in Feed, Reels, Watch, Groups You Should Join, and Pages You May Like,” Meta \u003ca href=\"https://transparency.fb.com/features/approach-to-political-content\">explained in February\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It said Facebook users will also get the choice to opt in to political recommendations “at a later date.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Bobby Allyn contributed reporting. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Meta+is+limiting+how+much+political+content+users+see.+Here%27s+how+to+opt+out+of+that&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The change started unrolling for users last week, Meta confirmed to NPR on Monday. And Instagram users quickly started noticing that their default settings had changed to limit content that is “likely to mention governments, elections, or social topics that affect a group of people and/or society at large,” as the app now puts it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The change has caught even the most online off guard, with many users \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/mattxiv/status/1771201399289696576?s=20\">criticizing Meta\u003c/a> for \u003ca href=\"https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2024/03/instagram-users-outraged-by-app-limiting-political-content-ahead-of-elections/\">limiting political content\u003c/a> in a year when the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/01/20/1225795005/2024-is-a-big-election-year-around-the-globe-will-democracy-win\">U.S. and several other countries\u003c/a> will hold pivotal elections — and for doing so with relatively little warning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And many noted that Meta’s definition of political content — “potentially related to things like laws, elections, or social topics” — appears rather broad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company has refused to clarify further what exactly constitutes political content under its cryptic definition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the move aligns with a yearslong shift away from news across Meta’s services. Last year, the company’s executives said Threads would not boost posts about news and social issues, angering many who turn to social media to stay up to date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spokesperson Dani Lever told several media outlets that the change builds on “years of work on how we approach and treat political content based on what people have told us they wanted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While company executives argue that the shift away from news is what users want, experts say Meta is also trying to distance itself from accusations of political bias and being blamed for the rise of misinformation and the growth of online extremism.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What the change does — and how to undo it\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Meta has emphasized that the new setting won’t affect content from accounts that people already follow and that it gives them the option to choose how much political content they get recommended otherwise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instagram head Adam Mosseri \u003ca href=\"https://www.threads.net/@mosseri/post/C3IjVOovcS5\">said on Threads\u003c/a> last month that the change will influence what people see on their main feeds of Instagram and Threads, like the explore page, reels, feed recommendations and suggested users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our goal is to preserve the ability for people to choose to interact with political content while respecting each person’s appetite for it,” Mosseri said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meta has stressed that people who want political recommendations can still opt in to getting them. Here’s how:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Go to your Instagram profile\u003c/strong> and tap the three horizontal lines in the top-right corner to open the “Settings and activity” tab.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Scroll down to the “What you see”\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>section\u003c/strong> and click on “Content preferences.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Open the “Political content” page\u003c/strong> and turn on the “Don’t limit political content” option.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Meta is characterizing the change as an extension of its current approach to political content.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It made \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/2022/07/21/facebook-tiktok-feed-changes\">significant changes to its algorithm\u003c/a> in recent years after \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/27/1190383104/new-study-shows-just-how-facebooks-algorithm-shapes-conservative-and-liberal-bub\">mounting evidence and criticism\u003c/a> of the role that Facebook and Instagram played in sowing misinformation and polarization in the 2016 and 2020 U.S. elections. Facebook has increasingly leaned into entertainment and away from news, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2024/01/22/metas-retreat-from-news-accelerated-in-2023-leaving-media-scrambling.html\">disrupting traffic for many major publishers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People have told us they want to see less political content, so we have spent the last few years refining our approach on Facebook to reduce the amount of political content — including from politicians’ accounts — you see in Feed, Reels, Watch, Groups You Should Join, and Pages You May Like,” Meta \u003ca href=\"https://transparency.fb.com/features/approach-to-political-content\">explained in February\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It said Facebook users will also get the choice to opt in to political recommendations “at a later date.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Bobby Allyn contributed reporting. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Meta+is+limiting+how+much+political+content+users+see.+Here%27s+how+to+opt+out+of+that&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Just months after the Supreme Court overturned \u003cem>Roe v. Wade \u003c/em>in 2022, a newly formed group called the Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine sued the Food and Drug Administration, challenging its approval of mifepristone, a medication used for abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, the same justices who undid constitutional protection for abortion will hear arguments in the next frontier of abortion restriction: tightening access across the country for a medication that’s used in nearly two-thirds of all abortions nationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Mary Ziegler, law professor, UC Davis\"]‘This is a reminder that what happens in the federal courts can override what voters decide.’[/pullquote]That is the main issue in \u003cem>FDA v. Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine. \u003c/em>On one side are anti-abortion rights physicians and organizations. \u003ca href=\"https://adfmedialegalfiles.blob.core.windows.net/files/AllianceForHippocraticMedicineComplaint.pdf\">Originally\u003c/a>, they argued that the FDA should not have approved mifepristone in 2000; now, they’re \u003ca href=\"https://adfmedialegalfiles.blob.core.windows.net/files/AHM-OpeningBrief.pdf\">focusing on the argument\u003c/a> that it should not have made it easier to access in 2016 and 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other side is FDA and the drugmaker, Danco, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/womens-health-policy/issue-brief/medication-abortion-fda-supreme-court-alliance-hippocratic-medicine/\">who say\u003c/a> that the challengers aren’t actually harmed by the prescribing rules (and thus don’t have standing to bring the case) and that the FDA followed correct procedure and the scientific evidence in making its decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a closely-watched case because the stakes are extremely high – not just for abortion access and reproductive health care, but for the drug industry and even the authority of federal agencies. Here is a summary of what’s at stake.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. It could make medication abortion much harder to get\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At least \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2024/03/19/1238293143/abortion-data-how-many-us-2023\">63% of all abortions\u003c/a> last year were medication abortions. They involve taking one dose of mifepristone, which blocks the pregnancy hormone progesterone, and one dose of misoprostol, which causes cramping and empties the uterus. Dozens of studies have found that the combination of these pills is \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507232/#sec_000054\">safe and effective\u003c/a> for abortion, whether prescribed in a clinic or \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2024/02/15/1231652715/abortion-pill-telehealth-supreme-court-safe-study-mifepristone#:~:text=All%20Things%20Considered-,Abortion%20pills%20prescribed%20via%20telehealth%20are%20safe%20and%20effective%2C%20study,by%20any%20serious%20adverse%20events.\">through telemedicine\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11973441,news_11976304,news_11958412\" label=\"Related Stories\"]Last August, the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/08/16/1194280392/ruling-deals-blow-to-access-to-abortion-pill-mifepristone-but-nothing-changes-ye\">ruled\u003c/a> that the FDA should roll back its prescribing rules to what they were in 2011. That would dramatically reduce the number of people able to access this medication for several reasons. It would shut down telemedicine access to the medication and could undo retail pharmacies’ \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/01/1235265078/abortion-pill-cvs-walgreens-mifepristone#:~:text=CVS%20and%20Walgreens%2C%20two%20of,companies%20separately%20confirmed%20to%20NPR.\">new ability to dispense it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would also make it only available until seven weeks of pregnancy, instead of 10 weeks under the current rules, along with other changes. (Globally, the medication can be used \u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/2023/07/mifepristone-abortion-global-context-safe-effective-and-approved-nearly-100-countries#:~:text=The%20World%20Health%20Organization%20(WHO,methods%20of%20ending%20a%20pregnancy.\">as late as 12 weeks\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though the difference between seven and 10 weeks might not sound like much, nearly half of medication abortions happen after seven weeks, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/ss/ss7209a1.htm#T13_down\">according to the CDC\u003c/a>. Melissa Grant, COO of \u003ca href=\"https://carafem.org/\">carafem\u003c/a>, which runs abortion clinics and provides telemedicine abortions, explains that’s because the earliest someone might find out they’re pregnant is at four weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A seven-week limit gives people three weeks, at most, “to get a positive pregnancy test, determine what option is best for them, potentially involve people that they care about in their lives, find an appointment, look at potential assistance for the finances of it, and then actually go and get the medication and use it,” she says. “That’s a rapid turnaround.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many abortion providers are prepared to switch to another regimen, using \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/04/10/1168857095/misoprostol-only-medical-abortion\">only misoprostol\u003c/a>, but it requires more doses, which come with more side effects. And Grant says that regimen might be the next target if the challengers succeed in restricting mifepristone. “We wouldn’t be surprised if the next move on the political chessboard is to make both of these drugs unavailable,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. It would hamper miscarriage care\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When someone has a miscarriage, doctors often prescribe the same mifepristone plus misoprostol regimen. The treatment can potentially ward off weeks of waiting, worrying and bleeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, Michelle Brown \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/05/17/1176514276/mifepristone-abortion-miscarriage-pill\">told NPR\u003c/a> that after she learned she was miscarrying, she was nervous she would start bleeding on her long commute to work in Louisiana, where there was no safe place to pull over. Taking mifepristone allowed her to plan ahead so she could be comfortable at home with her then-fiancé.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Larissa Adams explained to NPR that taking mifepristone allowed her to get through years of family planning challenges that involved miscarriage after miscarriage after miscarriage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We use this medication in lots of different ways and for lots of different care,” including for miscarriage and pregnancy loss, says \u003ca href=\"https://prh.org/staff/dr-jamila-perritt-president-ceo/\">Dr. Jamila Perritt\u003c/a>, an OB-GYN in Washington D.C. who’s the President of Physicians for Reproductive Health. “If this medication is restricted or banned completely, no one will be able to get access to it with any ease,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>3. It could affect the whole country, including voters’ preferences in blue states\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the nearly two years since the Supreme Court overturned \u003cem>Roe\u003c/em>, states have moved in two opposing directions – about half of states ban or seriously restrict abortion, and the other half have passed measures to protect access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Supreme Court decision that restricts access to mifepristone would affect the whole country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think there’s been to some degree a false sense of security created by ballot initiatives [protecting abortion access] in some states,” says \u003ca href=\"https://law.ucdavis.edu/people/mary-ziegler\">Mary Ziegler,\u003c/a> a law professor at the University of California-Davis. “People are thinking, ‘What happens in the Supreme Court doesn’t really matter because I live in California or I live in Michigan or I live in Ohio’ – that, essentially, if you voted for a ballot initiative or you live in a blue state, you don’t have to worry about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a reminder that what happens in the federal courts can override what voters decide,” she adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. It could interfere with state sovereignty\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A ruling to limit access to mifepristone would extend into the states that have attempted to protect access. That’s why a group of 22 Democratic governors \u003ca href=\"https://governor.wa.gov/news/2024/reproductive-freedom-alliance-urges-supreme-court-respect-longstanding-fda-authority-access-safe\">filed an amicus brief\u003c/a> in this case. It argues that, if successful, the challengers’ strategy of using federal courts to override the FDA’s judgment, “would have an enormously disruptive impact on state governance and hamstring governors’ ability to fulfill their mandate of protecting public health and safety in the reproductive health care context and beyond.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ziegler observes there’s an irony here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the Supreme Court overruled \u003cem>Roe\u003c/em>, the takeaway, if you will, from Justice Alito, was, ‘It’s time for this question to be returned to the people and their elected representatives,'” she observes. “And yet, fast forward less than two years later and we have two major abortion cases at the Supreme Court, both of which could very much reconfigure what happens in states.” (The other \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/01/05/1216284896/supreme-court-allows-idaho-abortion-ban-to-be-enacted-first-such-ruling-since-do\">case, from Idaho\u003c/a>, challenges federal rules requiring abortion during a medical emergency, regardless of state restrictions.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>6. The drug industry could face destabilizing uncertainty\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Drugmakers are quite concerned about the mifepristone case. Hundreds of drug company executives \u003ca href=\"https://docsend.com/view/2ahvmwy8djzxax3g\">signed a letter\u003c/a> last year in support of the FDA’s authority to regulate medications without judicial interference. Many also submitted \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/23/23-235/299230/20240130145318224_23-235%20236%20tsac%20Pharma%20Merits%20Amicus%20FINAL.pdf\">an amicus brief\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This case is about mifepristone right now – it’s about one medicine, but it really could be any medicine, ” Dr. Amanda Banks, a consultant who signed the amicus brief, says in a press conference this month organized by the ACLU.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The [FDA] regulatory process that we rely upon as an industry is rigorous and long and it’s expensive,” she explained, adding that it’s not a perfect process, but it’s predictable. If it can be undone by plaintiffs who morally object to a medicine and friendly federal courts, that predictability goes out the window, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The uncertainty could affect investors and drug companies and “could put innovation for new drugs and much, much-needed therapies for patients, not just in the United States, but globally, at fundamental risk,” Banks says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It could also set a new precedent, Ziegler adds. “Any drug could get a second look from federal judges who are not reviewing as much evidence [as FDA scientists], or are not competent to review as much evidence, because they don’t like the way the FDA handled it,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/23/23-235/299512/20240201143618529_23-235%20and%2023-236%20tsac%20Motion%20For%20Leave%20To%20File%20Brief%20And%20Ac%20Former%20Commissioners%20Of%20The%20U.S.%20Food%20And%20Drug%20Administration.pdf\">another amicus brief\u003c/a>, former FDA commissioners argued that drug companies could make use of a precedent set by this case to challenge a competitor’s FDA approval. Or, they write, “Organizations representing patients who experience rare adverse events could challenge FDA’s risk-benefit analyses and attempt to bar access to safe and effective remedies for others who need them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that’s why the pharmaceutical industry is nervous,” Ziegler says. “They’re saying, if this could happen with mifepristone, which has a very, very low complication rate and which is very, very well studied because it’s been controversial, then what would stop anyone from doing it with every other drug?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>7. A path toward a national abortion ban is embedded in the cas\u003cstrong>e\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Legal scholars like Ziegler also note that there’s an even bigger way that this case could affect everyone in the country. “You have, lurking in the background, the possibility that the Comstock Act is going to be reinvented as an abortion ban,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/04/18/1170371877/abortion-pill-mifepristone-judge-comstock\">The Comstock Act\u003c/a> is a 19th-century law prohibiting the mailing of things for “indecent” or “immoral” use. The plaintiffs in this case use Comstock in one of their arguments, treating it as a straightforward statute and not a defunct law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules included in the Comstock Act could encompass not just abortion pills but birth control and any equipment used for any type of abortion, and Ziegler says this could effectively inhibit all abortion care in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of what the ultimate decision on mifepristone is, “if the court says, ‘your reading of the Comstock Act is right,’ there are any number of anti-abortion groups that will try to find a way to get back to the Supreme Court to explore all those implications,” Ziegler says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=What%27s+at+stake+in+the+Supreme+Court+mifepristone+case&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Just months after the Supreme Court overturned \u003cem>Roe v. Wade \u003c/em>in 2022, a newly formed group called the Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine sued the Food and Drug Administration, challenging its approval of mifepristone, a medication used for abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, the same justices who undid constitutional protection for abortion will hear arguments in the next frontier of abortion restriction: tightening access across the country for a medication that’s used in nearly two-thirds of all abortions nationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>That is the main issue in \u003cem>FDA v. Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine. \u003c/em>On one side are anti-abortion rights physicians and organizations. \u003ca href=\"https://adfmedialegalfiles.blob.core.windows.net/files/AllianceForHippocraticMedicineComplaint.pdf\">Originally\u003c/a>, they argued that the FDA should not have approved mifepristone in 2000; now, they’re \u003ca href=\"https://adfmedialegalfiles.blob.core.windows.net/files/AHM-OpeningBrief.pdf\">focusing on the argument\u003c/a> that it should not have made it easier to access in 2016 and 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other side is FDA and the drugmaker, Danco, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/womens-health-policy/issue-brief/medication-abortion-fda-supreme-court-alliance-hippocratic-medicine/\">who say\u003c/a> that the challengers aren’t actually harmed by the prescribing rules (and thus don’t have standing to bring the case) and that the FDA followed correct procedure and the scientific evidence in making its decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a closely-watched case because the stakes are extremely high – not just for abortion access and reproductive health care, but for the drug industry and even the authority of federal agencies. Here is a summary of what’s at stake.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. It could make medication abortion much harder to get\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At least \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2024/03/19/1238293143/abortion-data-how-many-us-2023\">63% of all abortions\u003c/a> last year were medication abortions. They involve taking one dose of mifepristone, which blocks the pregnancy hormone progesterone, and one dose of misoprostol, which causes cramping and empties the uterus. Dozens of studies have found that the combination of these pills is \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507232/#sec_000054\">safe and effective\u003c/a> for abortion, whether prescribed in a clinic or \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2024/02/15/1231652715/abortion-pill-telehealth-supreme-court-safe-study-mifepristone#:~:text=All%20Things%20Considered-,Abortion%20pills%20prescribed%20via%20telehealth%20are%20safe%20and%20effective%2C%20study,by%20any%20serious%20adverse%20events.\">through telemedicine\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Last August, the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/08/16/1194280392/ruling-deals-blow-to-access-to-abortion-pill-mifepristone-but-nothing-changes-ye\">ruled\u003c/a> that the FDA should roll back its prescribing rules to what they were in 2011. That would dramatically reduce the number of people able to access this medication for several reasons. It would shut down telemedicine access to the medication and could undo retail pharmacies’ \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/01/1235265078/abortion-pill-cvs-walgreens-mifepristone#:~:text=CVS%20and%20Walgreens%2C%20two%20of,companies%20separately%20confirmed%20to%20NPR.\">new ability to dispense it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would also make it only available until seven weeks of pregnancy, instead of 10 weeks under the current rules, along with other changes. (Globally, the medication can be used \u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/2023/07/mifepristone-abortion-global-context-safe-effective-and-approved-nearly-100-countries#:~:text=The%20World%20Health%20Organization%20(WHO,methods%20of%20ending%20a%20pregnancy.\">as late as 12 weeks\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though the difference between seven and 10 weeks might not sound like much, nearly half of medication abortions happen after seven weeks, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/ss/ss7209a1.htm#T13_down\">according to the CDC\u003c/a>. Melissa Grant, COO of \u003ca href=\"https://carafem.org/\">carafem\u003c/a>, which runs abortion clinics and provides telemedicine abortions, explains that’s because the earliest someone might find out they’re pregnant is at four weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A seven-week limit gives people three weeks, at most, “to get a positive pregnancy test, determine what option is best for them, potentially involve people that they care about in their lives, find an appointment, look at potential assistance for the finances of it, and then actually go and get the medication and use it,” she says. “That’s a rapid turnaround.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many abortion providers are prepared to switch to another regimen, using \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/04/10/1168857095/misoprostol-only-medical-abortion\">only misoprostol\u003c/a>, but it requires more doses, which come with more side effects. And Grant says that regimen might be the next target if the challengers succeed in restricting mifepristone. “We wouldn’t be surprised if the next move on the political chessboard is to make both of these drugs unavailable,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. It would hamper miscarriage care\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When someone has a miscarriage, doctors often prescribe the same mifepristone plus misoprostol regimen. The treatment can potentially ward off weeks of waiting, worrying and bleeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, Michelle Brown \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/05/17/1176514276/mifepristone-abortion-miscarriage-pill\">told NPR\u003c/a> that after she learned she was miscarrying, she was nervous she would start bleeding on her long commute to work in Louisiana, where there was no safe place to pull over. Taking mifepristone allowed her to plan ahead so she could be comfortable at home with her then-fiancé.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Larissa Adams explained to NPR that taking mifepristone allowed her to get through years of family planning challenges that involved miscarriage after miscarriage after miscarriage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We use this medication in lots of different ways and for lots of different care,” including for miscarriage and pregnancy loss, says \u003ca href=\"https://prh.org/staff/dr-jamila-perritt-president-ceo/\">Dr. Jamila Perritt\u003c/a>, an OB-GYN in Washington D.C. who’s the President of Physicians for Reproductive Health. “If this medication is restricted or banned completely, no one will be able to get access to it with any ease,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>3. It could affect the whole country, including voters’ preferences in blue states\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the nearly two years since the Supreme Court overturned \u003cem>Roe\u003c/em>, states have moved in two opposing directions – about half of states ban or seriously restrict abortion, and the other half have passed measures to protect access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Supreme Court decision that restricts access to mifepristone would affect the whole country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think there’s been to some degree a false sense of security created by ballot initiatives [protecting abortion access] in some states,” says \u003ca href=\"https://law.ucdavis.edu/people/mary-ziegler\">Mary Ziegler,\u003c/a> a law professor at the University of California-Davis. “People are thinking, ‘What happens in the Supreme Court doesn’t really matter because I live in California or I live in Michigan or I live in Ohio’ – that, essentially, if you voted for a ballot initiative or you live in a blue state, you don’t have to worry about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a reminder that what happens in the federal courts can override what voters decide,” she adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. It could interfere with state sovereignty\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A ruling to limit access to mifepristone would extend into the states that have attempted to protect access. That’s why a group of 22 Democratic governors \u003ca href=\"https://governor.wa.gov/news/2024/reproductive-freedom-alliance-urges-supreme-court-respect-longstanding-fda-authority-access-safe\">filed an amicus brief\u003c/a> in this case. It argues that, if successful, the challengers’ strategy of using federal courts to override the FDA’s judgment, “would have an enormously disruptive impact on state governance and hamstring governors’ ability to fulfill their mandate of protecting public health and safety in the reproductive health care context and beyond.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ziegler observes there’s an irony here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the Supreme Court overruled \u003cem>Roe\u003c/em>, the takeaway, if you will, from Justice Alito, was, ‘It’s time for this question to be returned to the people and their elected representatives,'” she observes. “And yet, fast forward less than two years later and we have two major abortion cases at the Supreme Court, both of which could very much reconfigure what happens in states.” (The other \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/01/05/1216284896/supreme-court-allows-idaho-abortion-ban-to-be-enacted-first-such-ruling-since-do\">case, from Idaho\u003c/a>, challenges federal rules requiring abortion during a medical emergency, regardless of state restrictions.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>6. The drug industry could face destabilizing uncertainty\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Drugmakers are quite concerned about the mifepristone case. Hundreds of drug company executives \u003ca href=\"https://docsend.com/view/2ahvmwy8djzxax3g\">signed a letter\u003c/a> last year in support of the FDA’s authority to regulate medications without judicial interference. Many also submitted \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/23/23-235/299230/20240130145318224_23-235%20236%20tsac%20Pharma%20Merits%20Amicus%20FINAL.pdf\">an amicus brief\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This case is about mifepristone right now – it’s about one medicine, but it really could be any medicine, ” Dr. Amanda Banks, a consultant who signed the amicus brief, says in a press conference this month organized by the ACLU.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The [FDA] regulatory process that we rely upon as an industry is rigorous and long and it’s expensive,” she explained, adding that it’s not a perfect process, but it’s predictable. If it can be undone by plaintiffs who morally object to a medicine and friendly federal courts, that predictability goes out the window, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The uncertainty could affect investors and drug companies and “could put innovation for new drugs and much, much-needed therapies for patients, not just in the United States, but globally, at fundamental risk,” Banks says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It could also set a new precedent, Ziegler adds. “Any drug could get a second look from federal judges who are not reviewing as much evidence [as FDA scientists], or are not competent to review as much evidence, because they don’t like the way the FDA handled it,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/23/23-235/299512/20240201143618529_23-235%20and%2023-236%20tsac%20Motion%20For%20Leave%20To%20File%20Brief%20And%20Ac%20Former%20Commissioners%20Of%20The%20U.S.%20Food%20And%20Drug%20Administration.pdf\">another amicus brief\u003c/a>, former FDA commissioners argued that drug companies could make use of a precedent set by this case to challenge a competitor’s FDA approval. Or, they write, “Organizations representing patients who experience rare adverse events could challenge FDA’s risk-benefit analyses and attempt to bar access to safe and effective remedies for others who need them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that’s why the pharmaceutical industry is nervous,” Ziegler says. “They’re saying, if this could happen with mifepristone, which has a very, very low complication rate and which is very, very well studied because it’s been controversial, then what would stop anyone from doing it with every other drug?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>7. A path toward a national abortion ban is embedded in the cas\u003cstrong>e\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Legal scholars like Ziegler also note that there’s an even bigger way that this case could affect everyone in the country. “You have, lurking in the background, the possibility that the Comstock Act is going to be reinvented as an abortion ban,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/04/18/1170371877/abortion-pill-mifepristone-judge-comstock\">The Comstock Act\u003c/a> is a 19th-century law prohibiting the mailing of things for “indecent” or “immoral” use. The plaintiffs in this case use Comstock in one of their arguments, treating it as a straightforward statute and not a defunct law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules included in the Comstock Act could encompass not just abortion pills but birth control and any equipment used for any type of abortion, and Ziegler says this could effectively inhibit all abortion care in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of what the ultimate decision on mifepristone is, “if the court says, ‘your reading of the Comstock Act is right,’ there are any number of anti-abortion groups that will try to find a way to get back to the Supreme Court to explore all those implications,” Ziegler says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=What%27s+at+stake+in+the+Supreme+Court+mifepristone+case&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Big changes are coming to the way people buy and sell houses in the United States. The National Association of Realtors settled a lawsuit last week that could up-end the way real estate agents are paid, doing away with the traditional agent’s commission of 5–6%. That’s prompting a reckoning for buyers, sellers and real estate agents. Here are six things to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What if you already sold a house?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As part of the settlement, the National Association of Realtors agreed to pay $418 million over the next four years. That’s in addition to $210 million that various brokerage firms had already agreed to pay. Lawyers will get a chunk of that money, but the rest will go to people who sold their homes in recent years and paid what critics argue were inflated real estate commissions. Eligibility depends on where you live, but in some parts of the country, the settlement covers people who sold homes as much as a decade ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know the exact number, but we estimate it to be in the neighborhood of 40 or 50 million” people, says Benjamin Brown, co-chair of the anti-trust practice at Cohen Milstein, one of the law firms involved in the class-action case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out if they’re entitled to compensation, sellers can check the lawyers’ website: \u003ca href=\"https://www.realestatecommissionlitigation.com/\">www.realestatecommissionlitigation.com\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How will this change real estate commissions?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For decades, the norm in this country has been for the person selling a home to pay both her own agent and the buyer’s agent. What’s more, the buyer’s share of that commission had to be spelled out in order to advertise the home on the big regional listing sites. Realtors insist they never fixed those commissions, but as a practical matter, the public notice worked to set a standard — often in the neighborhood of 5 or 6%, split between the seller’s agent and the buyer’s agent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11980019 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/GettyImages-1468009097-1020x680.jpg']For a home priced at $400,000 — which is close to the national average — that works out to $20,000 to $24,000 in commissions — much higher than people in other countries typically pay. In Germany, commissions average 4.5%. In the U.K., they’re under 2%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in July, sellers will no longer have to spell out a commission for the buyer’s agent. Advocates say that should lead to more negotiation, more competition and ultimately lower costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What increased negotiations mean for buyers and sellers?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There’s going to be more opportunity to shop around, and likely a wider array of services, from deluxe agents who charge a premium price to discount agents with more limited services — similar to what exists in other markets like stock brokers and travel agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sellers may be able to negotiate a flat fee to market their house, not connected to the selling price. Buyers may be able to purchase a la carte services — paying less if they do their own house-hunting on the Internet and more if they want to be chauffeured around to open houses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many sellers may decide not to pay the buyer’s agent, leaving buyers to shoulder that cost on their own, or go without an agent altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall expenses are expected to be significantly lower, however. Economists at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.richmondfed.org/publications/research/economic_brief/2024/eb_24-08\">Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond\u003c/a> estimate the changes could save homebuyers $30 billion a year, with most of those savings coming out of the pockets of real estate agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What does this mean for agents?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Agents are still sorting out what this might mean for their business. When fees are more negotiable, agents will have to make the case for what they’re worth. But the best agents feel like they do that already.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Kevin Wilson, president, Greater Nashville Realtors\"]‘Do I think that Realtors have to learn to do business in a different way? Absolutely. But I also think this is a wrinkle in the landscape. Not a landmine.’[/pullquote]“Do I think that Realtors have to learn to do business in a different way? Absolutely,” says Kevin Wilson, president of the Greater Nashville Realtors. “But I also think this is a wrinkle in the landscape. Not a landmine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A drop in commissions might drive some agents into other lines of work, but that’s not necessarily a bad thing. The U.S. has 2.5 to 3 million real estate agents — which is far more than any other country, relative to the size of its housing market. For example, the U.S. has about six times more home sales each year than the U.K. does, but 26 times more agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do we see agents that work with buyers start to phase out of the business because they’re just not getting as many clients?” asks Jovani Ortiz, an agent on Long Island. “These are sort of the unknowns that most agents are looking at right now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the commission pie is likely to shrink, it may be cut into fewer slices, so the remaining agents might end up making the same amount of money.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>With home prices and mortgage rates already high, how will homebuyers pay for their own agents?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While sellers have traditionally paid buyers’ agents in the U.S. (and built that expense into the sales price of their home), many sellers may opt not to pay buyers’ agents in the future. In that case, buyers will have to pay their own agent out of pocket, on top of a down payment and other closing costs. Finding thousands of dollars to pay an agent could be a challenge, especially for first-time buyers, who typically have limited funds and also the greatest need for an agent’s guidance. First-time buyers accounted for just 26% of existing home sales in February — tying a record low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Vanessa Perry, professor, George Washington University School of Business\"]‘Many first time buyers are already at the absolute max of what they’re able to borrow. They’re not going to be able to come up with any additional cash to pay their own agent’[/pullquote]“Many first time buyers are already at the absolute max of what they’re able to borrow,” says Vanessa Perry, a professor at George Washington University School of Business and a fellow at the Urban Institute’s Housing Policy Finance Center. “They’re not going to be able to come up with any additional cash to pay their own agent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>Home sellers could still agree through negotiation to pay the buyer’s agent. But in a hot housing market, sellers may have little incentive to do so. Eventually, buyers may be able to fold the cost of their agent’s commission into their mortgage, stretching the payments out over the life of the loan. But that will require a change in mortgage underwriting rules. Over time, lower real estate commissions should lead to somewhat lower housing prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What should people who are thinking of buying or selling in the next six months do?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The settlement’s changes in commission rules take effect in July, just as many people will be shopping for homes ahead of a new school year. But it’s not clear how quickly the landscape will change. Buyers and sellers may want to talk with their agent about the costs and benefits of moving before the deadline or waiting until the new rules are in place. Remember, commissions account for $20,000 to $24,000 on a typical home. Still, that’s just one factor to consider when deciding when to buy or sell — along with interest rates, the supply of homes on the market and life circumstances like a new job or family member.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Big changes are coming to the way people buy and sell houses in the United States. The National Association of Realtors settled a lawsuit last week that could up-end the way real estate agents are paid, doing away with the traditional agent’s commission of 5–6%. That’s prompting a reckoning for buyers, sellers and real estate agents. Here are six things to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What if you already sold a house?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As part of the settlement, the National Association of Realtors agreed to pay $418 million over the next four years. That’s in addition to $210 million that various brokerage firms had already agreed to pay. Lawyers will get a chunk of that money, but the rest will go to people who sold their homes in recent years and paid what critics argue were inflated real estate commissions. Eligibility depends on where you live, but in some parts of the country, the settlement covers people who sold homes as much as a decade ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know the exact number, but we estimate it to be in the neighborhood of 40 or 50 million” people, says Benjamin Brown, co-chair of the anti-trust practice at Cohen Milstein, one of the law firms involved in the class-action case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out if they’re entitled to compensation, sellers can check the lawyers’ website: \u003ca href=\"https://www.realestatecommissionlitigation.com/\">www.realestatecommissionlitigation.com\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How will this change real estate commissions?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For decades, the norm in this country has been for the person selling a home to pay both her own agent and the buyer’s agent. What’s more, the buyer’s share of that commission had to be spelled out in order to advertise the home on the big regional listing sites. Realtors insist they never fixed those commissions, but as a practical matter, the public notice worked to set a standard — often in the neighborhood of 5 or 6%, split between the seller’s agent and the buyer’s agent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>For a home priced at $400,000 — which is close to the national average — that works out to $20,000 to $24,000 in commissions — much higher than people in other countries typically pay. In Germany, commissions average 4.5%. In the U.K., they’re under 2%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in July, sellers will no longer have to spell out a commission for the buyer’s agent. Advocates say that should lead to more negotiation, more competition and ultimately lower costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What increased negotiations mean for buyers and sellers?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There’s going to be more opportunity to shop around, and likely a wider array of services, from deluxe agents who charge a premium price to discount agents with more limited services — similar to what exists in other markets like stock brokers and travel agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sellers may be able to negotiate a flat fee to market their house, not connected to the selling price. Buyers may be able to purchase a la carte services — paying less if they do their own house-hunting on the Internet and more if they want to be chauffeured around to open houses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many sellers may decide not to pay the buyer’s agent, leaving buyers to shoulder that cost on their own, or go without an agent altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall expenses are expected to be significantly lower, however. Economists at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.richmondfed.org/publications/research/economic_brief/2024/eb_24-08\">Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond\u003c/a> estimate the changes could save homebuyers $30 billion a year, with most of those savings coming out of the pockets of real estate agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What does this mean for agents?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Agents are still sorting out what this might mean for their business. When fees are more negotiable, agents will have to make the case for what they’re worth. But the best agents feel like they do that already.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Do I think that Realtors have to learn to do business in a different way? Absolutely,” says Kevin Wilson, president of the Greater Nashville Realtors. “But I also think this is a wrinkle in the landscape. Not a landmine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A drop in commissions might drive some agents into other lines of work, but that’s not necessarily a bad thing. The U.S. has 2.5 to 3 million real estate agents — which is far more than any other country, relative to the size of its housing market. For example, the U.S. has about six times more home sales each year than the U.K. does, but 26 times more agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do we see agents that work with buyers start to phase out of the business because they’re just not getting as many clients?” asks Jovani Ortiz, an agent on Long Island. “These are sort of the unknowns that most agents are looking at right now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the commission pie is likely to shrink, it may be cut into fewer slices, so the remaining agents might end up making the same amount of money.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>With home prices and mortgage rates already high, how will homebuyers pay for their own agents?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While sellers have traditionally paid buyers’ agents in the U.S. (and built that expense into the sales price of their home), many sellers may opt not to pay buyers’ agents in the future. In that case, buyers will have to pay their own agent out of pocket, on top of a down payment and other closing costs. Finding thousands of dollars to pay an agent could be a challenge, especially for first-time buyers, who typically have limited funds and also the greatest need for an agent’s guidance. First-time buyers accounted for just 26% of existing home sales in February — tying a record low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Many first time buyers are already at the absolute max of what they’re able to borrow,” says Vanessa Perry, a professor at George Washington University School of Business and a fellow at the Urban Institute’s Housing Policy Finance Center. “They’re not going to be able to come up with any additional cash to pay their own agent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>Home sellers could still agree through negotiation to pay the buyer’s agent. But in a hot housing market, sellers may have little incentive to do so. Eventually, buyers may be able to fold the cost of their agent’s commission into their mortgage, stretching the payments out over the life of the loan. But that will require a change in mortgage underwriting rules. Over time, lower real estate commissions should lead to somewhat lower housing prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What should people who are thinking of buying or selling in the next six months do?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The settlement’s changes in commission rules take effect in July, just as many people will be shopping for homes ahead of a new school year. But it’s not clear how quickly the landscape will change. Buyers and sellers may want to talk with their agent about the costs and benefits of moving before the deadline or waiting until the new rules are in place. Remember, commissions account for $20,000 to $24,000 on a typical home. Still, that’s just one factor to consider when deciding when to buy or sell — along with interest rates, the supply of homes on the market and life circumstances like a new job or family member.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Apple, one of the world’s richest companies, is now under fire from the U.S. government. The Department of Justice and 16 states filed a lawsuit against the Silicon Valley giant on Thursday, accusing the company of abusing its power as a monopoly to edge out rivals and ensure customers keep using its products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The heart of the lawsuit centers around claims that Apple stopped smaller companies from accessing the hardware and software in its iPhones, which led to fewer options for customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple is worth nearly $3 trillion, making it one of the highest-valued companies in the world. And its iPhone is one of the most popular phones on earth, dominating the global market, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=prUS51776424\">market analyst firm IDC\u003c/a>. The Justice Department alleges it’s by no coincidence that Apple was able to ensure its place at the top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Deputy Attorney General Lisa Monaco\"]‘No matter how powerful, no matter how prominent, no matter how popular — no company is above the law.’[/pullquote]“Consumers should not have to pay higher prices because companies violate the antitrust laws,” Attorney General Merrick B. Garland says. “If left unchallenged, Apple will only continue to strengthen its smartphone monopoly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department says that because Apple imposes contract restrictions on developers, it means new innovation is kept within its ecosystem. The government says this allows Apple to take more money from consumers, developers, content creators, publishers, small businesses and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of these restrictions, the Justice Department says Apple has been able to block innovation in super apps with a broad functionality and has ensured its iMessage system keeps people from using cross-platform messaging apps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11896177\" label=\"Related Story\"]The government also says that Apple has thrown around its power to suppress innovation in streaming services for video games, non-Apple smartwatches, and third-party digital wallets that let users tap-to-pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple says the restrictions around its software and hardware are to protect people’s privacy and security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This lawsuit threatens who we are and the principles that set Apple products apart in fiercely competitive markets,” a company spokesperson says. “If successful, it would hinder our ability to create the kind of technology people expect from Apple—where hardware, software, and services intersect. It would also set a dangerous precedent, empowering government to take a heavy hand in designing people’s technology.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple says it will vigorously defend itself against this lawsuit. In the lead-up to the suit, Apple reportedly met with Justice Department officials multiple times, according to the \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/05/technology/antitrust-apple-lawsuit-us.html?partner=slack&smid=sl-share\">New York Times\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the Biden administration, the Justice Department and the Federal Trade Commission have filed antitrust lawsuits against several leading tech companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Justice \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/09/12/1198558372/doj-google-monopoly-antitrust-trial-search-engine\">went to trial against Google parent Alphabet\u003c/a> last fall over allegations that it stomped out competing search engines. The FTC is working on a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/09/26/1191099421/amazon-ftc-lawsuit-antitrust-monopoly\">massive suit against Amazon\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the third lawsuit the Justice Department has brought against Apple over antitrust violations in the past two decades. European regulators have also targeted the company over anti-competitive behavior, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-04/apple-hit-with-1-8-billion-eu-fine-over-abusive-app-store-rules\">claims of boxing out rivals\u003c/a> with its music streaming service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No matter how powerful, no matter how prominent, no matter how popular — no company is above the law,” Deputy Attorney General Lisa Monaco says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+U.S.+sues+Apple%2C+saying+it+abuses+its+power+to+monopolize+the+smartphone+market&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Consumers should not have to pay higher prices because companies violate the antitrust laws,” Attorney General Merrick B. Garland says. “If left unchallenged, Apple will only continue to strengthen its smartphone monopoly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department says that because Apple imposes contract restrictions on developers, it means new innovation is kept within its ecosystem. The government says this allows Apple to take more money from consumers, developers, content creators, publishers, small businesses and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The government also says that Apple has thrown around its power to suppress innovation in streaming services for video games, non-Apple smartwatches, and third-party digital wallets that let users tap-to-pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple says the restrictions around its software and hardware are to protect people’s privacy and security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This lawsuit threatens who we are and the principles that set Apple products apart in fiercely competitive markets,” a company spokesperson says. “If successful, it would hinder our ability to create the kind of technology people expect from Apple—where hardware, software, and services intersect. It would also set a dangerous precedent, empowering government to take a heavy hand in designing people’s technology.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple says it will vigorously defend itself against this lawsuit. In the lead-up to the suit, Apple reportedly met with Justice Department officials multiple times, according to the \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/05/technology/antitrust-apple-lawsuit-us.html?partner=slack&smid=sl-share\">New York Times\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the Biden administration, the Justice Department and the Federal Trade Commission have filed antitrust lawsuits against several leading tech companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Justice \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/09/12/1198558372/doj-google-monopoly-antitrust-trial-search-engine\">went to trial against Google parent Alphabet\u003c/a> last fall over allegations that it stomped out competing search engines. The FTC is working on a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/09/26/1191099421/amazon-ftc-lawsuit-antitrust-monopoly\">massive suit against Amazon\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the third lawsuit the Justice Department has brought against Apple over antitrust violations in the past two decades. European regulators have also targeted the company over anti-competitive behavior, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-03-04/apple-hit-with-1-8-billion-eu-fine-over-abusive-app-store-rules\">claims of boxing out rivals\u003c/a> with its music streaming service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No matter how powerful, no matter how prominent, no matter how popular — no company is above the law,” Deputy Attorney General Lisa Monaco says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+U.S.+sues+Apple%2C+saying+it+abuses+its+power+to+monopolize+the+smartphone+market&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "US Happiness Ranking Plummets: Young Adults Hit Hardest",
"headTitle": "US Happiness Ranking Plummets: Young Adults Hit Hardest | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>How happy are you? \u003ca href=\"https://www.gallup.com/analytics/247355/gallup-world-happiness-report.aspx\">The Gallup World Poll \u003c/a>has a simple way to gauge well-being around the globe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imagine a ladder, and think about your current life. The top rung, 10, represents the best possible life and the bottom rung, 0, represents the worst. Pick your number.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers use the responses to rank happiness in countries around the globe, and the\u003ca href=\"https://worldhappiness.report/\"> 2024 results \u003c/a>have just been released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, Finland is at the top of the list. Researchers point to factors including high levels of social support and healthy life expectancy, to explain the top perch of several Scandinavian countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North America does not fare as well overall. As a nation, the United States dropped in the global ranking from 15th to 23rd. However, researchers point to striking generational divides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People aged 60 and older in the U.S. reported high levels of well-being compared to younger people. In fact, the United States ranks in the top 10 countries for happiness in this age group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conversely, there’s a decline in happiness among younger adolescents and young adults in the U.S. “The report finds there’s a dramatic decrease in the self-reported well-being of people aged 30 and below,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.sbs.ox.ac.uk/about-us/people/jan-emmanuel-de-neve\">editor Jan-Emmanuel De Neve\u003c/a>, a professor of economics and behavioral science and the director of the\u003ca href=\"https://wellbeing.hmc.ox.ac.uk/\"> Wellbeing Research Centre\u003c/a> at Oxford University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"John Helliwell, Professor Emeritus, University of British Columbia\"]‘People are hearing that the world is going to hell in a handbasket and the young especially are feeling more threatened by it.’[/pullquote]This drop among young adults is also evident in Canada, Australia and, to a lesser extent, in parts of Western Europe and Britain, too. “We knew that a relationship existed between age and happiness, but the biggest surprise is that it is more nuanced than we previously thought, and it is changing,” says\u003ca href=\"https://www.gallup.com/people/185219/ilana-ron-levey.aspx\"> Ilana Ron-Levey\u003c/a>, managing director at Gallup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In North America, youth happiness has dropped below that of older adults,” Ron-Levey says. The rankings are based on responses from a representative sample of about 1,000 respondents in each country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11979725\" label=\"Related Story\"]A range of factors likely explain these shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>De Neve and his collaborators say the relatively high level of well-being among older adults is not too surprising. Researchers have long seen a U-shaped curve to happiness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children are typically happy, and people tend to hit the bottom (of the U) of well-being in middle age. By 60, life can feel more secure, especially for people with good health, financial stability and strong social connections. Living in a country with a strong social safety net can also help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The big pressures in life, [such as] having small children, a mortgage to pay, and work, have likely tapered off a bit,” De Neve says. But what’s so unexpected, he says, is the extent to which well-being has fallen among young adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would expect youth to actually start out at a higher level of well-being than middle-age individuals,” De Neve says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are hearing that the world is going to hell in a handbasket, and the young especially are feeling more threatened by it,” says \u003ca href=\"https://economics.ubc.ca/profile/john-helliwell/\">John Helliwell\u003c/a>, Professor Emeritus at the University of British Columbia and a co-author of the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says many younger people may feel the weight of climate change, social inequities, and political polarization which can all be amplified on social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But hope is not lost, Helliwell says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He points to countries in Eastern Europe where levels of well-being are on the rise among young people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the older generations in the countries that make up the former Yugoslavia tend to be less happy. “They are bearing the scars of genocide and conflict,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he says the younger people are looking beyond this history. “A new generation can put it in the past and think of building a better future and feel that they can be part of that,” Helliwell says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was edited by Jane Greenhalgh\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=U.S.+drops+in+new+global+happiness+ranking.+One+age+group+bucks+the+trend&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>How happy are you? \u003ca href=\"https://www.gallup.com/analytics/247355/gallup-world-happiness-report.aspx\">The Gallup World Poll \u003c/a>has a simple way to gauge well-being around the globe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imagine a ladder, and think about your current life. The top rung, 10, represents the best possible life and the bottom rung, 0, represents the worst. Pick your number.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers use the responses to rank happiness in countries around the globe, and the\u003ca href=\"https://worldhappiness.report/\"> 2024 results \u003c/a>have just been released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, Finland is at the top of the list. Researchers point to factors including high levels of social support and healthy life expectancy, to explain the top perch of several Scandinavian countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North America does not fare as well overall. As a nation, the United States dropped in the global ranking from 15th to 23rd. However, researchers point to striking generational divides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People aged 60 and older in the U.S. reported high levels of well-being compared to younger people. In fact, the United States ranks in the top 10 countries for happiness in this age group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conversely, there’s a decline in happiness among younger adolescents and young adults in the U.S. “The report finds there’s a dramatic decrease in the self-reported well-being of people aged 30 and below,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.sbs.ox.ac.uk/about-us/people/jan-emmanuel-de-neve\">editor Jan-Emmanuel De Neve\u003c/a>, a professor of economics and behavioral science and the director of the\u003ca href=\"https://wellbeing.hmc.ox.ac.uk/\"> Wellbeing Research Centre\u003c/a> at Oxford University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘People are hearing that the world is going to hell in a handbasket and the young especially are feeling more threatened by it.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>This drop among young adults is also evident in Canada, Australia and, to a lesser extent, in parts of Western Europe and Britain, too. “We knew that a relationship existed between age and happiness, but the biggest surprise is that it is more nuanced than we previously thought, and it is changing,” says\u003ca href=\"https://www.gallup.com/people/185219/ilana-ron-levey.aspx\"> Ilana Ron-Levey\u003c/a>, managing director at Gallup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In North America, youth happiness has dropped below that of older adults,” Ron-Levey says. The rankings are based on responses from a representative sample of about 1,000 respondents in each country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A range of factors likely explain these shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>De Neve and his collaborators say the relatively high level of well-being among older adults is not too surprising. Researchers have long seen a U-shaped curve to happiness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children are typically happy, and people tend to hit the bottom (of the U) of well-being in middle age. By 60, life can feel more secure, especially for people with good health, financial stability and strong social connections. Living in a country with a strong social safety net can also help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The big pressures in life, [such as] having small children, a mortgage to pay, and work, have likely tapered off a bit,” De Neve says. But what’s so unexpected, he says, is the extent to which well-being has fallen among young adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would expect youth to actually start out at a higher level of well-being than middle-age individuals,” De Neve says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are hearing that the world is going to hell in a handbasket, and the young especially are feeling more threatened by it,” says \u003ca href=\"https://economics.ubc.ca/profile/john-helliwell/\">John Helliwell\u003c/a>, Professor Emeritus at the University of British Columbia and a co-author of the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says many younger people may feel the weight of climate change, social inequities, and political polarization which can all be amplified on social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But hope is not lost, Helliwell says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He points to countries in Eastern Europe where levels of well-being are on the rise among young people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the older generations in the countries that make up the former Yugoslavia tend to be less happy. “They are bearing the scars of genocide and conflict,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he says the younger people are looking beyond this history. “A new generation can put it in the past and think of building a better future and feel that they can be part of that,” Helliwell says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was edited by Jane Greenhalgh\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=U.S.+drops+in+new+global+happiness+ranking.+One+age+group+bucks+the+trend&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>After nearly a year of frantic lobbying and debate, the EPA has finalized strict new rules on vehicle emissions that will push the auto industry to accelerate its transition to electric vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA expects that under the new rules, EVs could account for up to 56% of new passenger vehicles sold for model years 2030 through 2032, meeting a goal that \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/08/05/fact-sheet-president-biden-announces-steps-to-drive-american-leadership-forward-on-clean-cars-and-trucks/\">President Biden set in 2021\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regulations are a cornerstone of the Biden administration’s efforts to fight climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Combined with investments the U.S. is making in battery and electric vehicle manufacturing, the auto regulations will help shift the U.S. away from relying on fossil fuels for transportation, a senior administration official said during a call with reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>“Three years ago, I set an ambitious target: that half of all new cars and trucks sold in 2030 would be zero-emission,” Biden said in a statement, adding that the country will meet that goal “and race forward in the years ahead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden added that U.S. workers “will lead the world on autos making clean cars and trucks, each stamped ‘Made in America.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new rules require auto manufacturers to slash emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide that are heating the planet, as well as air pollutants that contribute to soot and smog. The administration said the new standards will avoid more than 7 billion tons of carbon dioxide emissions and deliver almost $100 billion in annual benefits, including $13 billion in health benefits as a result of less pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s going to have immediate benefits in improving air quality, but also improving people’s health,” Cara Cook, director of programs at the Alliance of Nurses for Healthy Environments, told reporters ahead of the EPA’s announcement. “So they’re not breathing in dirty air, especially for those who are living near major roadways and highways, heavy traffic [areas]. Those are the ones that are going to really experience a significant amount of benefits from these rules.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Entire fleets, not individual cars, must meet strict rules\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The rules cover light- and medium-duty vehicles — cars, SUVs, vans and pickup trucks, but not 18-wheelers — from model years 2027 to 2032.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For light-duty vehicles, the EPA expects the rules will result in an industry-wide average emissions target of 85 grams of carbon dioxide per mile, representing an almost 50% reduction compared to existing standards for model year 2026 vehicles. The agency expects the average CO2 emissions target for medium-duty vehicles to fall by 44%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Cara Cook, director of programs, Alliance of Nurses for Healthy Environments\"]‘That’s going to have immediate benefits in improving air quality, but also improving people’s health. … especially for those who are living near major roadways and highways.’[/pullquote]The EPA rules are not written as an EV mandate or a ban on the sale of gas cars, like some states and other countries have adopted. Instead, the EPA sets standards that apply across an entire fleet — meaning an automaker still can make vehicles with higher emissions, as long as they also make enough very low or zero-emission vehicles that it averages out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means over the next decade, automakers can continue offering a range of vehicle types, but the “menu” available to consumers will shift to be cleaner overall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules will likely drive a shift not just among automakers but among their suppliers and in infrastructure, said Thomas Boylan, regulatory director at the Zero Emission Transportation Association, which advocates for electric vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it creates a substantial tailwind in the EV market itself, but I think it’s even more pronounced throughout the supply chain” for things like parts manufacturing and charging infrastructure, Boylan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really that full supply chain that has an additional level of certainty with these types of rules.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA said consumers can also opt for gas-powered vehicles with particulate filters and gas-electric hybrids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Electric vehicles have higher price tags, on average, than gas-powered vehicles, although the gap has been narrowing and federal tax credits sometimes exceed the difference. Consumer groups have expressed\u003ca href=\"https://advocacy.consumerreports.org/research/clean-vehicle-standards-deliver-benefits-for-consumers/\"> support\u003c/a> for the EPA’s rules, noting that EVs save drivers money over the life of the vehicle because it’s almost always cheaper to charge than to fuel up. Researchers last year found the proposed rule would\u003ca href=\"https://www.resources.org/common-resources/new-proposed-emissions-standards-for-passenger-vehicles-who-benefits-the-most/\"> save all drivers money\u003c/a>, with the biggest savings for lower-income Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Chris Harto, senior policy analyst for transportation and energy, Consumer Reports\"]‘This is one of the biggest pieces of climate regulation in history.’[/pullquote]The EPA said it expects the new rules will deliver fuel savings to consumers of up to $46 billion annually, plus savings on maintenance and repairs that the agency values at $16 billion annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is one of the biggest pieces of climate regulation in history,” Chris Harto, senior policy analyst for transportation and energy at Consumer Reports, said on a call with reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to have opponents,” Harto added because the money consumers will save is “coming out of the pockets of the oil industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the rules also call for reducing other types of tailpipe pollution. A senior Biden administration official said those pollution regulations will reduce hospitalizations and prevent 2,500 premature deaths in 2055.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Auto industry asked for a slower start\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The auto industry is in the midst of a dramatic transformation, with virtually all major companies pivoting toward making electric vehicles — albeit at different speeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the U.S., EV sales increased by 50% last year to just under 10% of new car sales. Automakers are also looking to Europe and China, which have embraced the idea of an electric future and are shifting their global plans accordingly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11980045,news_11974466,science_1991185\"]But U.S. charging infrastructure is not increasing fast enough to keep pace with EV growth. Most EVs for sale right now are luxury vehicles, with relatively fewer options on the cheaper end of the scale. And, significantly, legacy automakers are making far more money on their gas-powered vehicles than their EVs, some of which are not yet profitable at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alliance for Automotive Innovation, a trade group representing auto manufacturers, asked the EPA to adjust the timeline for the new rules, dialing down the ambition for the next few years and then cranking up the pace toward the end of the time frame. The United Auto Workers union made a similar appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The approach reflected what the Alliance calls a “Goldilocks problem”: Automakers see huge risks if they move too slowly \u003cem>or \u003c/em>too quickly toward EVs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, the auto industry is not a monolith. All-electric automakers like Tesla and Rivian encouraged the EPA to set even more stringent rules. Dealers, who have generally been more skeptical of EVs than manufacturers, sharply criticized the EPA’s original proposed rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final rules the EPA settled on reflect the input from automakers, labor unions and car dealers, a senior administration official said. Manufacturers will be able to make more gradual cuts to emissions in the early years, the official said, but the rules will ultimately deliver the same reductions as the agency’s initial proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The oil industry is fundamentally opposed\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The oil industry, meanwhile, has been an even more vocal critic of these rules and other policies promoting EVs. Rising adoption of electric vehicles is expected to reduce oil demand over time, although it will take decades for the global fleet of vehicles to turn over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil trade groups call the new EPA rule a ban on gas-powered cars, although the regulations allow the continued sale of gas vehicles. The American Petroleum Institute has\u003ca href=\"https://www.api.org/news-policy-and-issues/blog/2023/07/11/epas-tailpipe-emissions-rule-threatens-freedom-reliability-security\"> said\u003c/a> the rule “threatens consumer freedom, energy reliability and national security.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers, which has spent millions on ads against the EPA rules and other policies, also criticized the EPA for not considering the environmental impact of manufacturing a giant battery or charging an EV. A\u003ca href=\"https://theicct.org/publication/a-global-comparison-of-the-life-cycle-greenhouse-gas-emissions-of-combustion-engine-and-electric-passenger-cars/\"> large body of research\u003c/a> has found that even\u003ca href=\"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1875764/\"> with those impacts factored in\u003c/a>, EVs are still\u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/driving-cleaner\"> vastly better for the planet\u003c/a> than comparable fossil fuel vehicles. It’s true, however, that larger, less efficient EVs have a bigger environmental footprint than smaller ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the oil industry’s opposition goes even further. The attorney general of Texas has previously\u003ca href=\"https://climatecasechart.com/case/texas-v-epa-2/\"> filed a lawsuit\u003c/a> challenging the EPA’s authority to set rules designed to promote electric vehicles. Multiple oil trade groups backed Texas in the case. The auto industry sided with the EPA, noting that carmakers are investing billions in going electric and that reducing greenhouse gas emissions is a “national priority.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, cutting greenhouse gas emissions is a global priority. The world \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/13/1218125835/climate-talks-end-on-a-first-ever-call-for-the-world-to-move-away-from-fossil-fu\">has now agreed\u003c/a> that transitioning away from fossil fuels is key to reducing the devastating impacts of climate change that, even in the best-case scenario, will disrupt ecosystems and human lives around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as the EPA sets rules designed to accelerate the shift away from fossil fuels, carmakers and oil producers are responding very differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The auto industry sees a profitable zero-emissions future — if it can figure out how (and when) to get there. The oil industry is fighting to defend its core product.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a call with reporters earlier this month, Chet Thompson, the CEO of the AFPM, lambasted media reports that the EPA was considering a “compromise” that would give the auto industry a few more years of more lenient standards, buying companies time to prepare for the EV transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thompson emphasized that the EPA rules would still fundamentally aim to make most cars sold in the U.S. run on batteries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At 2032, it’s the same outcome,” Thompson said, frustrated. “This administration should not be calling that a compromise when, in fact, they want to take us to the same place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The EPA rules are not written as an EV mandate or a ban on the sale of gas cars, like some states and other countries have adopted. Instead, the EPA sets standards that apply across an entire fleet — meaning an automaker still can make vehicles with higher emissions, as long as they also make enough very low or zero-emission vehicles that it averages out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means over the next decade, automakers can continue offering a range of vehicle types, but the “menu” available to consumers will shift to be cleaner overall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules will likely drive a shift not just among automakers but among their suppliers and in infrastructure, said Thomas Boylan, regulatory director at the Zero Emission Transportation Association, which advocates for electric vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it creates a substantial tailwind in the EV market itself, but I think it’s even more pronounced throughout the supply chain” for things like parts manufacturing and charging infrastructure, Boylan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really that full supply chain that has an additional level of certainty with these types of rules.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA said consumers can also opt for gas-powered vehicles with particulate filters and gas-electric hybrids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Electric vehicles have higher price tags, on average, than gas-powered vehicles, although the gap has been narrowing and federal tax credits sometimes exceed the difference. Consumer groups have expressed\u003ca href=\"https://advocacy.consumerreports.org/research/clean-vehicle-standards-deliver-benefits-for-consumers/\"> support\u003c/a> for the EPA’s rules, noting that EVs save drivers money over the life of the vehicle because it’s almost always cheaper to charge than to fuel up. Researchers last year found the proposed rule would\u003ca href=\"https://www.resources.org/common-resources/new-proposed-emissions-standards-for-passenger-vehicles-who-benefits-the-most/\"> save all drivers money\u003c/a>, with the biggest savings for lower-income Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘This is one of the biggest pieces of climate regulation in history.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The EPA said it expects the new rules will deliver fuel savings to consumers of up to $46 billion annually, plus savings on maintenance and repairs that the agency values at $16 billion annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is one of the biggest pieces of climate regulation in history,” Chris Harto, senior policy analyst for transportation and energy at Consumer Reports, said on a call with reporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to have opponents,” Harto added because the money consumers will save is “coming out of the pockets of the oil industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the rules also call for reducing other types of tailpipe pollution. A senior Biden administration official said those pollution regulations will reduce hospitalizations and prevent 2,500 premature deaths in 2055.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Auto industry asked for a slower start\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The auto industry is in the midst of a dramatic transformation, with virtually all major companies pivoting toward making electric vehicles — albeit at different speeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the U.S., EV sales increased by 50% last year to just under 10% of new car sales. Automakers are also looking to Europe and China, which have embraced the idea of an electric future and are shifting their global plans accordingly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But U.S. charging infrastructure is not increasing fast enough to keep pace with EV growth. Most EVs for sale right now are luxury vehicles, with relatively fewer options on the cheaper end of the scale. And, significantly, legacy automakers are making far more money on their gas-powered vehicles than their EVs, some of which are not yet profitable at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alliance for Automotive Innovation, a trade group representing auto manufacturers, asked the EPA to adjust the timeline for the new rules, dialing down the ambition for the next few years and then cranking up the pace toward the end of the time frame. The United Auto Workers union made a similar appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The approach reflected what the Alliance calls a “Goldilocks problem”: Automakers see huge risks if they move too slowly \u003cem>or \u003c/em>too quickly toward EVs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, the auto industry is not a monolith. All-electric automakers like Tesla and Rivian encouraged the EPA to set even more stringent rules. Dealers, who have generally been more skeptical of EVs than manufacturers, sharply criticized the EPA’s original proposed rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final rules the EPA settled on reflect the input from automakers, labor unions and car dealers, a senior administration official said. Manufacturers will be able to make more gradual cuts to emissions in the early years, the official said, but the rules will ultimately deliver the same reductions as the agency’s initial proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The oil industry is fundamentally opposed\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The oil industry, meanwhile, has been an even more vocal critic of these rules and other policies promoting EVs. Rising adoption of electric vehicles is expected to reduce oil demand over time, although it will take decades for the global fleet of vehicles to turn over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil trade groups call the new EPA rule a ban on gas-powered cars, although the regulations allow the continued sale of gas vehicles. The American Petroleum Institute has\u003ca href=\"https://www.api.org/news-policy-and-issues/blog/2023/07/11/epas-tailpipe-emissions-rule-threatens-freedom-reliability-security\"> said\u003c/a> the rule “threatens consumer freedom, energy reliability and national security.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers, which has spent millions on ads against the EPA rules and other policies, also criticized the EPA for not considering the environmental impact of manufacturing a giant battery or charging an EV. A\u003ca href=\"https://theicct.org/publication/a-global-comparison-of-the-life-cycle-greenhouse-gas-emissions-of-combustion-engine-and-electric-passenger-cars/\"> large body of research\u003c/a> has found that even\u003ca href=\"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1875764/\"> with those impacts factored in\u003c/a>, EVs are still\u003ca href=\"https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/driving-cleaner\"> vastly better for the planet\u003c/a> than comparable fossil fuel vehicles. It’s true, however, that larger, less efficient EVs have a bigger environmental footprint than smaller ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the oil industry’s opposition goes even further. The attorney general of Texas has previously\u003ca href=\"https://climatecasechart.com/case/texas-v-epa-2/\"> filed a lawsuit\u003c/a> challenging the EPA’s authority to set rules designed to promote electric vehicles. Multiple oil trade groups backed Texas in the case. The auto industry sided with the EPA, noting that carmakers are investing billions in going electric and that reducing greenhouse gas emissions is a “national priority.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, cutting greenhouse gas emissions is a global priority. The world \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/13/1218125835/climate-talks-end-on-a-first-ever-call-for-the-world-to-move-away-from-fossil-fu\">has now agreed\u003c/a> that transitioning away from fossil fuels is key to reducing the devastating impacts of climate change that, even in the best-case scenario, will disrupt ecosystems and human lives around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as the EPA sets rules designed to accelerate the shift away from fossil fuels, carmakers and oil producers are responding very differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The auto industry sees a profitable zero-emissions future — if it can figure out how (and when) to get there. The oil industry is fighting to defend its core product.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a call with reporters earlier this month, Chet Thompson, the CEO of the AFPM, lambasted media reports that the EPA was considering a “compromise” that would give the auto industry a few more years of more lenient standards, buying companies time to prepare for the EV transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thompson emphasized that the EPA rules would still fundamentally aim to make most cars sold in the U.S. run on batteries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At 2032, it’s the same outcome,” Thompson said, frustrated. “This administration should not be calling that a compromise when, in fact, they want to take us to the same place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>For all the concern in recent years that U.S. democracy is on the brink, in danger or under threat, a report out Tuesday offers a glimmer of good news for American voters worried that casting a ballot will be difficult in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Put simply, the new data shows that voting in America has gotten easier over the past two decades. More voters can cast a ballot before Election Day, with the majority of U.S. states now offering some form of early in-person voting and mail voting to all voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although we often talk in a partisan context about voter fraud and voter suppression and whether voters have access to the ballot, the reality is, over the past 25 years, we’ve greatly increased the convenience of voting for almost all Americans,” said David Becker, the founder and executive director of the Center for Election Innovation & Research (CEIR), which authored the \u003ca href=\"https://electioninnovation.org/research/expansion-voting-before-election-day/\">new report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"David Becker, founder and executive director, CEIR\"]‘In almost every single state, voters can choose to vote when they want to.’[/pullquote]The research was inspired by an NPR request for historical data around voting access, and NPR is the first news organization to report the findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data shows that, despite \u003ca href=\"https://www.wabe.org/georgia-republicans-seek-to-stop-automatic-voter-registration-in-state/\">real efforts\u003c/a> by \u003ca href=\"https://www.iowapublicradio.org/ipr-news/2021-03-08/iowa-governor-signs-law-cutting-time-allowed-for-voting\">some Republican-led legislatures\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.statenews.org/government-politics/2023-08-29/ohio-elections-officials-concerned-expired-id-may-thwart-voters\">restrict access\u003c/a> at the margins, the trend in the U.S. since 2000 has been toward making it easier to vote: Nearly 97% of voting-age American citizens now live in states that offer the option to vote before Election Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/voting-access-20240222/animated-maps.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-voting-access-20240222-animated-maps&parentTitle=Voting%20in%20America%20has%20gotten%20easier%20over%20the%20past%202%20decades%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F03%2F19%2F1238646047%2Fvoting-options-early-mail-ballots\" width=\"1000\" height=\"700\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lies about early voting, the lies about voting machines and efforts in some state legislatures to roll back some of the election integrity and convenience measures that have evolved over the last several decades, those efforts almost all failed,” Becker said. “In almost every single state, voters can choose to vote when they want to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11973915,news_11974391,news_11977752\" label=\"Related Stories\"]Forty-six states and Washington, D.C., offer some form of early in-person voting, the report tallied, and 37 of those jurisdictions also offer mail voting to all voters without requiring an excuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The analysis focused on broad categories around how people can vote but did not consider more specific voting policies that have sparked partisan debate in recent years, like mailing ballots to all registered voters, how mail ballots can be returned and ID requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chris Mann, CEIR’s research director, said he thought many people might be surprised at the bigger picture reflecting access because those other voting policies have taken so much of the political focus in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data shows some political trends. Of the 14 states that don’t offer mail voting to all voters, for instance, 12 have Republican-led legislatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But maybe the more striking trends are geographic. Every single state in the western U.S. has offered some form of early and mail voting to all voters since 2004, according to the data. And those states span the political spectrum, from conservative Idaho to liberal California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really hard to talk about partisanship around this issue because historically, there just hasn’t been much,” Mann said. “We’ve seen voting by mail and early in-person voting supported by Republican legislatures, Democratic legislatures, Republican governors, Democratic governors. We see voters in both parties use both methods.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other parts of the country, like the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic, it took reforms driven by the COVID-19 pandemic to move toward more ballot access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2020, New York, Connecticut and Massachusetts all made changes to make voting more easily accessible, which have since partially or fully become permanent. Delaware is currently embroiled in a \u003ca href=\"https://whyy.org/articles/delaware-supreme-court-court-strikes-down-permanent-absentee-voting-law-democrats-response/\">legal fight\u003c/a> over whether it can implement early and mail voting changes this election cycle as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The South, with its history of slavery and Jim Crow laws, has long \u003ca href=\"https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2861&context=ndlr\">lagged behind\u003c/a> when it comes to voting access. The CEIR data shows that, although some \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/03/09/974605448/kentucky-election-reform-effort-gets-bipartisan-backing\">states\u003c/a> have slowly started expanding options for voters, it is generally the most difficult region for voters to cast a ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/voting-access-20240222/table.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-voting-access-20240222-table&parentTitle=Voting%20in%20America%20has%20gotten%20easier%20over%20the%20past%202%20decades%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F03%2F19%2F1238646047%2Fvoting-options-early-mail-ballots\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As options nationwide have become more widely available, voters have also responded by taking advantage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 2000 election, 86% of voters voted at a polling place on Election Day, according to U.S. Census Bureau data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2020, during the pandemic, that number dropped to less than 31% of voters. It went back up in 2022 to roughly half of the electorate but was still in line with the two-decade trend toward more ballots being cast early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/datawrapper/7hGON/9/?initialWidth=650&childId=responsive-embed-7hGON&parentTitle=Voting%20in%20America%20has%20gotten%20easier%20over%20the%20past%202%20decades%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F03%2F19%2F1238646047%2Fvoting-options-early-mail-ballots\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2024, it’s a bit unclear if that trend will continue. Former President Donald Trump and his supporters have worked to demonize mail voting and, at times, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/2022-midterm-elections-health-government-and-politics-election-2020-55f4744b484919cd20d4d5e8d72e444e\">implored Republican voters\u003c/a> to vote on Election Day or as close to it as possible to avoid unproven claims of tampering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in reality, Becker says, more voting options actually make elections more secure and less susceptible to malicious activity or even human error.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there were a problem, if there were a cyber event, if there were a malfunction, if there were bad weather, if there were traffic, if there were was a power outage, you could think of all kinds of circumstances. … The more you spread voting out over a series of days and over multiple modes, the less likely it’s going to impact voters,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, even in states where voters have numerous options on how to vote, in every federal election, tens of millions of eligible voters in the U.S. don’t cast ballots. Even in 2020, the highest-turnout election in modern history, \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2021/2020-presidential-election-voting-and-registration-tables-now-available.html\">roughly a third\u003c/a> of eligible Americans didn’t vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shirley Weber, the secretary of state of California, says more and more that it’s a reflection of people not feeling empowered or motivated by the system and not by how hard it is to cast a ballot. \u003ca href=\"https://electionlawblog.org/?p=140939\">Election experts\u003c/a> have generally agreed that in 2024, efforts to delegitimize election results are more worrisome than efforts to actually stop people from voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve done everything, I think, humanly possible to make it possible for people to vote,” Weber said. “[In California], you will get a ballot mailed to your home. It does not require a stamp. If you lose it and call us, we’ll send you another one. If you go to a vote center, you will be able to get a new ballot and vote right there if you want to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the state places near the bottom of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sos.nh.gov/sites/g/files/ehbemt561/files/documents/2022-04/voter-turnout-charts-4-19-21.pdf\">U.S. rankings\u003c/a> regarding turnout rate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we have to do now is help people understand that voting is important, whether their candidate wins or loses,” she said. “[You’re] voting for yourself basically to have the dignity of having your issues being considered, and whether you win or lose, people listen to your voice, and they hear you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=New+data+shows+it%27s+gotten+easier+to+vote+in+the+U.S.+since+2000&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For all the concern in recent years that U.S. democracy is on the brink, in danger or under threat, a report out Tuesday offers a glimmer of good news for American voters worried that casting a ballot will be difficult in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Put simply, the new data shows that voting in America has gotten easier over the past two decades. More voters can cast a ballot before Election Day, with the majority of U.S. states now offering some form of early in-person voting and mail voting to all voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although we often talk in a partisan context about voter fraud and voter suppression and whether voters have access to the ballot, the reality is, over the past 25 years, we’ve greatly increased the convenience of voting for almost all Americans,” said David Becker, the founder and executive director of the Center for Election Innovation & Research (CEIR), which authored the \u003ca href=\"https://electioninnovation.org/research/expansion-voting-before-election-day/\">new report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘In almost every single state, voters can choose to vote when they want to.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The research was inspired by an NPR request for historical data around voting access, and NPR is the first news organization to report the findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data shows that, despite \u003ca href=\"https://www.wabe.org/georgia-republicans-seek-to-stop-automatic-voter-registration-in-state/\">real efforts\u003c/a> by \u003ca href=\"https://www.iowapublicradio.org/ipr-news/2021-03-08/iowa-governor-signs-law-cutting-time-allowed-for-voting\">some Republican-led legislatures\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.statenews.org/government-politics/2023-08-29/ohio-elections-officials-concerned-expired-id-may-thwart-voters\">restrict access\u003c/a> at the margins, the trend in the U.S. since 2000 has been toward making it easier to vote: Nearly 97% of voting-age American citizens now live in states that offer the option to vote before Election Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/voting-access-20240222/animated-maps.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-voting-access-20240222-animated-maps&parentTitle=Voting%20in%20America%20has%20gotten%20easier%20over%20the%20past%202%20decades%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F03%2F19%2F1238646047%2Fvoting-options-early-mail-ballots\" width=\"1000\" height=\"700\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lies about early voting, the lies about voting machines and efforts in some state legislatures to roll back some of the election integrity and convenience measures that have evolved over the last several decades, those efforts almost all failed,” Becker said. “In almost every single state, voters can choose to vote when they want to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Forty-six states and Washington, D.C., offer some form of early in-person voting, the report tallied, and 37 of those jurisdictions also offer mail voting to all voters without requiring an excuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The analysis focused on broad categories around how people can vote but did not consider more specific voting policies that have sparked partisan debate in recent years, like mailing ballots to all registered voters, how mail ballots can be returned and ID requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chris Mann, CEIR’s research director, said he thought many people might be surprised at the bigger picture reflecting access because those other voting policies have taken so much of the political focus in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data shows some political trends. Of the 14 states that don’t offer mail voting to all voters, for instance, 12 have Republican-led legislatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But maybe the more striking trends are geographic. Every single state in the western U.S. has offered some form of early and mail voting to all voters since 2004, according to the data. And those states span the political spectrum, from conservative Idaho to liberal California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really hard to talk about partisanship around this issue because historically, there just hasn’t been much,” Mann said. “We’ve seen voting by mail and early in-person voting supported by Republican legislatures, Democratic legislatures, Republican governors, Democratic governors. We see voters in both parties use both methods.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other parts of the country, like the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic, it took reforms driven by the COVID-19 pandemic to move toward more ballot access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2020, New York, Connecticut and Massachusetts all made changes to make voting more easily accessible, which have since partially or fully become permanent. Delaware is currently embroiled in a \u003ca href=\"https://whyy.org/articles/delaware-supreme-court-court-strikes-down-permanent-absentee-voting-law-democrats-response/\">legal fight\u003c/a> over whether it can implement early and mail voting changes this election cycle as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The South, with its history of slavery and Jim Crow laws, has long \u003ca href=\"https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2861&context=ndlr\">lagged behind\u003c/a> when it comes to voting access. The CEIR data shows that, although some \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/03/09/974605448/kentucky-election-reform-effort-gets-bipartisan-backing\">states\u003c/a> have slowly started expanding options for voters, it is generally the most difficult region for voters to cast a ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/voting-access-20240222/table.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-voting-access-20240222-table&parentTitle=Voting%20in%20America%20has%20gotten%20easier%20over%20the%20past%202%20decades%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F03%2F19%2F1238646047%2Fvoting-options-early-mail-ballots\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As options nationwide have become more widely available, voters have also responded by taking advantage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 2000 election, 86% of voters voted at a polling place on Election Day, according to U.S. Census Bureau data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2020, during the pandemic, that number dropped to less than 31% of voters. It went back up in 2022 to roughly half of the electorate but was still in line with the two-decade trend toward more ballots being cast early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/datawrapper/7hGON/9/?initialWidth=650&childId=responsive-embed-7hGON&parentTitle=Voting%20in%20America%20has%20gotten%20easier%20over%20the%20past%202%20decades%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F03%2F19%2F1238646047%2Fvoting-options-early-mail-ballots\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2024, it’s a bit unclear if that trend will continue. Former President Donald Trump and his supporters have worked to demonize mail voting and, at times, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/2022-midterm-elections-health-government-and-politics-election-2020-55f4744b484919cd20d4d5e8d72e444e\">implored Republican voters\u003c/a> to vote on Election Day or as close to it as possible to avoid unproven claims of tampering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in reality, Becker says, more voting options actually make elections more secure and less susceptible to malicious activity or even human error.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there were a problem, if there were a cyber event, if there were a malfunction, if there were bad weather, if there were traffic, if there were was a power outage, you could think of all kinds of circumstances. … The more you spread voting out over a series of days and over multiple modes, the less likely it’s going to impact voters,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, even in states where voters have numerous options on how to vote, in every federal election, tens of millions of eligible voters in the U.S. don’t cast ballots. Even in 2020, the highest-turnout election in modern history, \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2021/2020-presidential-election-voting-and-registration-tables-now-available.html\">roughly a third\u003c/a> of eligible Americans didn’t vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shirley Weber, the secretary of state of California, says more and more that it’s a reflection of people not feeling empowered or motivated by the system and not by how hard it is to cast a ballot. \u003ca href=\"https://electionlawblog.org/?p=140939\">Election experts\u003c/a> have generally agreed that in 2024, efforts to delegitimize election results are more worrisome than efforts to actually stop people from voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve done everything, I think, humanly possible to make it possible for people to vote,” Weber said. “[In California], you will get a ballot mailed to your home. It does not require a stamp. If you lose it and call us, we’ll send you another one. If you go to a vote center, you will be able to get a new ballot and vote right there if you want to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the state places near the bottom of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sos.nh.gov/sites/g/files/ehbemt561/files/documents/2022-04/voter-turnout-charts-4-19-21.pdf\">U.S. rankings\u003c/a> regarding turnout rate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we have to do now is help people understand that voting is important, whether their candidate wins or loses,” she said. “[You’re] voting for yourself basically to have the dignity of having your issues being considered, and whether you win or lose, people listen to your voice, and they hear you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=New+data+shows+it%27s+gotten+easier+to+vote+in+the+U.S.+since+2000&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "after-the-fires-a-maui-community-creates-a-land-trust-to-keep-homes-in-local-hands",
"title": "After the Fires, a Maui Community Creates a Land Trust to Keep Homes in Local Hands",
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"headTitle": "After the Fires, a Maui Community Creates a Land Trust to Keep Homes in Local Hands | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Several months after Mikey Burke’s house burned down in Lahaina, her husband got a text message out of the blue. It was an offer to buy their property with no inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s gotten a couple of those,” Burke says. “Fighting against speculators and large developers coming in is nothing new for us, but we’ve never had it where it’s been this important to our very being as this community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burke and her family are among hundreds in Lahaina who are navigating the long and arduous process of rebuilding. More than seven months after the wildfire that took 101 lives, hundreds of properties are still covered in piles of debris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some fire survivors have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/19/1231191740/maui-fire-survivors-struggle-to-find-long-term-housing-half-a-year-after-the-bla\">moved into rental properties outside Lahaina\u003c/a>. Others are finding new jobs or schools elsewhere on Maui or in the continental U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/08/23/1195387894/lahaina-residents-worry-developers-will-scoop-up-land-after-the-recent-wildfires#:~:text=Transcript-,NPR's%20Leila%20Fadel%20talks%20to%20Tiare%20Lawrence%2C%20who%20belongs%20to,land%20after%20the%20recent%20wildfires.\">Many Lahaina residents worry\u003c/a> that developers will buy up properties as they become available, changing the makeup of a community that was once the historic capital of the Hawaiian Kingdom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we have enough of that happening, the village we grew up in is not going to be the village that we want to raise our kids in,” Burke says. “This community is so important to who we are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979614\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979614\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1704\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">West Maui is a center of the tourism industry, raising concerns in the community that developers will buy properties destroyed in the fire as they come up for sale. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, some community members are \u003ca href=\"https://lahainacommunitylandtrust.org/\">working on a way to buy properties\u003c/a> so they can remain affordable and available to local residents. It’s a nonprofit community land trust modeled after ones \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/04/09/1168839399/community-land-trusts-are-providing-a-solution-to-gentrification\">used around the country for affordable housing.\u003c/a> Land trusts purchase properties and then sell or rent the houses. When the homes are for purchase, the trust keeps ownership of the land they’re built on, so the overall sale price is less than comparable homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Community land trusts have emerged in a handful of other places recovering from disasters, like \u003ca href=\"https://nextcity.org/urbanist-news/community-land-trusts-are-building-disaster-resilient-neighborhoods\">Houston\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wlrn.org/news/2018-08-16/in-post-irma-keys-one-tiny-new-home-is-cause-for-major-celebration\">Florida Keys\u003c/a> after both places were hit by hurricanes. The challenge is mobilizing financial resources in time to purchase properties in the crucial years post-disaster when properties go up for sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The number of units destroyed that are housing people affordably always outnumbers the amount that you rebuild,” says Steve Kirk, president of Rural Communities, an affordable housing nonprofit affiliated with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.affordablekeys.org/\">Florida Keys Community Land Trust\u003c/a>. “There are individuals and corporations with strike capital that can step into that void and acquire that land.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979616\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979616\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"845\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-800x264.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-1020x337.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-1536x507.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-2048x676.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-1920x634.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maui’s striking volcano and scenic beaches are a major draw for tourists. Half of all condo sales on the island are to out-of-state buyers. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Challenges to rebuilding\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Life is still in upheaval for Burke and her family. For months after the fire, her family of four kids and four dogs lived in two hotel rooms. Recently, they moved into a longer-term rental north of Lahaina. Her kids go to a Hawaiian language immersion school right next to the burn zone, so all four are doing distance learning by computer from home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re still grappling with memories from the day of the fire. As the smoke approached their house, Burke loaded the kids into the car. But the traffic was at a standstill in the rush to evacuate Lahaina. They watched as the flames kept getting closer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was telling the kids: if mommy opens the door, you run straight and you run to the ocean,” she says. “I will never forget that feeling because I didn’t know if it was OK.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their house was destroyed. The burned debris is still awaiting removal, like hundreds of other properties in Lahaina. But Burke’s family is already navigating the rebuilding process. Burke says they received a dollar estimate for what their insurance company will pay them, but they’re not sure if it will be enough to cover the cost of rebuilding with contractors in such high demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Of course in August, everyone was like: yeah, we’re going to rebuild,” Burke says. “But now, we’re looking at the actual money we have to rebuild and have to make a decision. Do we rebuild? What can we even rebuild? Or do we sell?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s heard from others from Lahaina going through the same struggle. Some who are older may not be up for the long rebuilding process. Some are underinsured and won’t have enough to rebuild what they had. Burke says she’s determined to stay, but concern is high that the community she grew up in will be forever altered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979617\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979617\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1704\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Over 7 months after the fire, most properties that were burned in Lahaina are still covered with debris. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>‘Selling in, instead of selling out’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Keeping the community together was on Burke’s mind when she ran into two people working on a potential way to help: Carolyn Auweloa and Autumn Ness. Having worked on housing policy, Ness and Auweloa were aware of the community land trust model and decided to start one for Lahaina. The goal of land trusts is to keep housing affordable in the long term since the buyer agrees to sell the home at a restricted price whenever they choose to sell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979618\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979618\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/0b6a1287-copy_custom-7c5e76759d3a2dbfed0a6152c4ae0608e71982f0-s1000-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1501\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/0b6a1287-copy_custom-7c5e76759d3a2dbfed0a6152c4ae0608e71982f0-s1000-c85-copy.jpg 1000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/0b6a1287-copy_custom-7c5e76759d3a2dbfed0a6152c4ae0608e71982f0-s1000-c85-copy-800x1201.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/0b6a1287-copy_custom-7c5e76759d3a2dbfed0a6152c4ae0608e71982f0-s1000-c85-copy-160x240.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Autumn Ness, who has worked on housing and local food policy on Maui, says the land trust would be led by the Lahaina community as it re-envisions its future. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://cltweb.org/clt-directory/\">Dozens of community land trusts\u003c/a> have been established around the country to boost the affordable housing supply. As climate-driven disasters have taken a bigger and bigger toll, land trusts are getting new attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ness says the wildfires only increased the already-existing pressure on Maui’s housing market. With its stunning ocean views and rich history, Lahaina was a tourism hotspot. Short-term rentals, driven by Airbnb and VRBO, \u003ca href=\"https://uhero.hawaii.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/TheHawaiiHousingFactbook.pdf\">made up 40% of the total housing supply (PDF)\u003c/a> in Lahaina’s zip code. And in Maui County more broadly, half of all condominium sales \u003ca href=\"https://uhero.hawaii.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/TheHawaiiHousingFactbook.pdf\">are to out-of-state buyers (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve seen Lahaina be sold to investors parcel by parcel over the last couple of generations, so it was just like: oh my god, we’re super vulnerable,” Ness says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://lahainacommunitylandtrust.org/\">Lahaina Community Land Trust\u003c/a>, as they’ve named it, is still in the early stages and is starting to raise money through donations. Ness says it could do more than just build housing. They could buy some properties that are of cultural value to Native Hawaiians and preserve them for the community. They could buy other properties at risk of being flooded by sea level rise and not build on them at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Autumn Ness\"]‘We’ve seen Lahaina be sold to investors parcel by parcel over the last couple of generations, so it was just like: oh my god, we’re super vulnerable.’[/pullquote]“People talk about the land trust as a way to sell in, instead of selling out,” Ness says. “If you have to sell — not your fault, no judgment. How can we make sure you have what you need and the land stays in the highest and best interest of the community?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burke decided to join the effort to develop the land trust, which she says will hopefully lessen the pain for neighbors who choose to leave Lahaina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know we can’t save every parcel that’s gonna come up to be sold,” Burke says. “But if we’re an option on somebody’s table so if they have to walk away, they can do it in good conscience, that’s all we’re there for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Land trusts are growing after disasters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When hurricanes, floods and wildfires destroy housing, the ensuing upheaval can permanently shift the makeup of a community. In the wake of Hurricane Katrina, which hit New Orleans in 2005, \u003ca href=\"https://www.riskproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Graif_Popul_Environ_2016.pdf\">a third of displaced residents (PDF)\u003c/a> still had not returned after three years, and lower-income residents were the most vulnerable to being displaced. Neighborhoods damaged by flooding \u003ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0042098018800445?journalCode=usja\">were also more likely to experience gentrification\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Hurricane Irma hit the Florida Keys in 2017, the Florida Keys Community Land Trust was established. Like in Lahaina, land values are high there, driven by tourism and restrictions on development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Vacation rentals command so much money that even in the absence of any storm, we are losing service worker housing on a month-to-month basis,” says Kirk, who works on the land trust as well as affordable housing around Florida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979619\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979619\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"845\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-800x264.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-1020x337.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-1536x507.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-2048x676.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-1920x634.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Community land trusts are used widely around the US, but have only recently started in communities hit by disasters like wildfires and hurricanes. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The trust built 31 affordable units on property that went up for sale after the hurricane. It began with a private donation, but the trust eventually secured a \u003ca href=\"https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/comm_planning/cdbg-dr\">federal grant earmarked for disaster recovery\u003c/a>. Kirk says securing funding quickly is key since many properties are put up for sale within just a few years of a disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Public funding is really a necessity in order to preserve land in the aftermath of a disaster, particularly in an affluent location,” Kirk says. “Because in the absence of that, market conditions will cause speculators and others to step into that land and end up serving a completely different income level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Lahaina, Burke says organizers aren’t sure how many properties the land trust might be able to buy, but they hope to start within the next six months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think we’re at a place where we can’t come back and still make this a beautiful, vibrant community,” Burke says. “We’re gonna need help and we’re going to continue to need help for years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "To ward off speculators and developers, the people of Lahaina have created a nonprofit land trust to keep their community together and rebuild after the devastating fires last year.",
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"title": "After the Fires, a Maui Community Creates a Land Trust to Keep Homes in Local Hands | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Several months after Mikey Burke’s house burned down in Lahaina, her husband got a text message out of the blue. It was an offer to buy their property with no inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s gotten a couple of those,” Burke says. “Fighting against speculators and large developers coming in is nothing new for us, but we’ve never had it where it’s been this important to our very being as this community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burke and her family are among hundreds in Lahaina who are navigating the long and arduous process of rebuilding. More than seven months after the wildfire that took 101 lives, hundreds of properties are still covered in piles of debris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some fire survivors have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/19/1231191740/maui-fire-survivors-struggle-to-find-long-term-housing-half-a-year-after-the-bla\">moved into rental properties outside Lahaina\u003c/a>. Others are finding new jobs or schools elsewhere on Maui or in the continental U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/08/23/1195387894/lahaina-residents-worry-developers-will-scoop-up-land-after-the-recent-wildfires#:~:text=Transcript-,NPR's%20Leila%20Fadel%20talks%20to%20Tiare%20Lawrence%2C%20who%20belongs%20to,land%20after%20the%20recent%20wildfires.\">Many Lahaina residents worry\u003c/a> that developers will buy up properties as they become available, changing the makeup of a community that was once the historic capital of the Hawaiian Kingdom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we have enough of that happening, the village we grew up in is not going to be the village that we want to raise our kids in,” Burke says. “This community is so important to who we are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979614\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979614\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1704\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0823-edit-copy_custom-1c8f8b1c2444cf6cb8a2caa95c83485ec1758b99-s2600-c85-copy-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">West Maui is a center of the tourism industry, raising concerns in the community that developers will buy properties destroyed in the fire as they come up for sale. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, some community members are \u003ca href=\"https://lahainacommunitylandtrust.org/\">working on a way to buy properties\u003c/a> so they can remain affordable and available to local residents. It’s a nonprofit community land trust modeled after ones \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/04/09/1168839399/community-land-trusts-are-providing-a-solution-to-gentrification\">used around the country for affordable housing.\u003c/a> Land trusts purchase properties and then sell or rent the houses. When the homes are for purchase, the trust keeps ownership of the land they’re built on, so the overall sale price is less than comparable homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Community land trusts have emerged in a handful of other places recovering from disasters, like \u003ca href=\"https://nextcity.org/urbanist-news/community-land-trusts-are-building-disaster-resilient-neighborhoods\">Houston\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wlrn.org/news/2018-08-16/in-post-irma-keys-one-tiny-new-home-is-cause-for-major-celebration\">Florida Keys\u003c/a> after both places were hit by hurricanes. The challenge is mobilizing financial resources in time to purchase properties in the crucial years post-disaster when properties go up for sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The number of units destroyed that are housing people affordably always outnumbers the amount that you rebuild,” says Steve Kirk, president of Rural Communities, an affordable housing nonprofit affiliated with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.affordablekeys.org/\">Florida Keys Community Land Trust\u003c/a>. “There are individuals and corporations with strike capital that can step into that void and acquire that land.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979616\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979616\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"845\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-800x264.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-1020x337.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-1536x507.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-2048x676.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip-copy_custom-ccd780a6287ce9de1f7f1dea4eabc316971db35a-s2600-c85-copy-1920x634.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maui’s striking volcano and scenic beaches are a major draw for tourists. Half of all condo sales on the island are to out-of-state buyers. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Challenges to rebuilding\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Life is still in upheaval for Burke and her family. For months after the fire, her family of four kids and four dogs lived in two hotel rooms. Recently, they moved into a longer-term rental north of Lahaina. Her kids go to a Hawaiian language immersion school right next to the burn zone, so all four are doing distance learning by computer from home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re still grappling with memories from the day of the fire. As the smoke approached their house, Burke loaded the kids into the car. But the traffic was at a standstill in the rush to evacuate Lahaina. They watched as the flames kept getting closer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was telling the kids: if mommy opens the door, you run straight and you run to the ocean,” she says. “I will never forget that feeling because I didn’t know if it was OK.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their house was destroyed. The burned debris is still awaiting removal, like hundreds of other properties in Lahaina. But Burke’s family is already navigating the rebuilding process. Burke says they received a dollar estimate for what their insurance company will pay them, but they’re not sure if it will be enough to cover the cost of rebuilding with contractors in such high demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Of course in August, everyone was like: yeah, we’re going to rebuild,” Burke says. “But now, we’re looking at the actual money we have to rebuild and have to make a decision. Do we rebuild? What can we even rebuild? Or do we sell?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s heard from others from Lahaina going through the same struggle. Some who are older may not be up for the long rebuilding process. Some are underinsured and won’t have enough to rebuild what they had. Burke says she’s determined to stay, but concern is high that the community she grew up in will be forever altered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979617\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979617\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1704\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/d9a0816-edit_custom-f6b47bba705382ff21e8ba6a7918ca13555eff0c-s2600-c85-copy-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Over 7 months after the fire, most properties that were burned in Lahaina are still covered with debris. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>‘Selling in, instead of selling out’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Keeping the community together was on Burke’s mind when she ran into two people working on a potential way to help: Carolyn Auweloa and Autumn Ness. Having worked on housing policy, Ness and Auweloa were aware of the community land trust model and decided to start one for Lahaina. The goal of land trusts is to keep housing affordable in the long term since the buyer agrees to sell the home at a restricted price whenever they choose to sell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979618\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979618\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/0b6a1287-copy_custom-7c5e76759d3a2dbfed0a6152c4ae0608e71982f0-s1000-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1501\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/0b6a1287-copy_custom-7c5e76759d3a2dbfed0a6152c4ae0608e71982f0-s1000-c85-copy.jpg 1000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/0b6a1287-copy_custom-7c5e76759d3a2dbfed0a6152c4ae0608e71982f0-s1000-c85-copy-800x1201.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/0b6a1287-copy_custom-7c5e76759d3a2dbfed0a6152c4ae0608e71982f0-s1000-c85-copy-160x240.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Autumn Ness, who has worked on housing and local food policy on Maui, says the land trust would be led by the Lahaina community as it re-envisions its future. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://cltweb.org/clt-directory/\">Dozens of community land trusts\u003c/a> have been established around the country to boost the affordable housing supply. As climate-driven disasters have taken a bigger and bigger toll, land trusts are getting new attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ness says the wildfires only increased the already-existing pressure on Maui’s housing market. With its stunning ocean views and rich history, Lahaina was a tourism hotspot. Short-term rentals, driven by Airbnb and VRBO, \u003ca href=\"https://uhero.hawaii.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/TheHawaiiHousingFactbook.pdf\">made up 40% of the total housing supply (PDF)\u003c/a> in Lahaina’s zip code. And in Maui County more broadly, half of all condominium sales \u003ca href=\"https://uhero.hawaii.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/TheHawaiiHousingFactbook.pdf\">are to out-of-state buyers (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve seen Lahaina be sold to investors parcel by parcel over the last couple of generations, so it was just like: oh my god, we’re super vulnerable,” Ness says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://lahainacommunitylandtrust.org/\">Lahaina Community Land Trust\u003c/a>, as they’ve named it, is still in the early stages and is starting to raise money through donations. Ness says it could do more than just build housing. They could buy some properties that are of cultural value to Native Hawaiians and preserve them for the community. They could buy other properties at risk of being flooded by sea level rise and not build on them at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘We’ve seen Lahaina be sold to investors parcel by parcel over the last couple of generations, so it was just like: oh my god, we’re super vulnerable.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“People talk about the land trust as a way to sell in, instead of selling out,” Ness says. “If you have to sell — not your fault, no judgment. How can we make sure you have what you need and the land stays in the highest and best interest of the community?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burke decided to join the effort to develop the land trust, which she says will hopefully lessen the pain for neighbors who choose to leave Lahaina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know we can’t save every parcel that’s gonna come up to be sold,” Burke says. “But if we’re an option on somebody’s table so if they have to walk away, they can do it in good conscience, that’s all we’re there for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Land trusts are growing after disasters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When hurricanes, floods and wildfires destroy housing, the ensuing upheaval can permanently shift the makeup of a community. In the wake of Hurricane Katrina, which hit New Orleans in 2005, \u003ca href=\"https://www.riskproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Graif_Popul_Environ_2016.pdf\">a third of displaced residents (PDF)\u003c/a> still had not returned after three years, and lower-income residents were the most vulnerable to being displaced. Neighborhoods damaged by flooding \u003ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0042098018800445?journalCode=usja\">were also more likely to experience gentrification\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Hurricane Irma hit the Florida Keys in 2017, the Florida Keys Community Land Trust was established. Like in Lahaina, land values are high there, driven by tourism and restrictions on development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Vacation rentals command so much money that even in the absence of any storm, we are losing service worker housing on a month-to-month basis,” says Kirk, who works on the land trust as well as affordable housing around Florida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979619\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979619\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"845\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-800x264.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-1020x337.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-1536x507.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-2048x676.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/hawaiidip2jpg_custom-d162482bb9927c489db86931714d28f8ea208ad5-s2600-c85-copy-1920x634.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Community land trusts are used widely around the US, but have only recently started in communities hit by disasters like wildfires and hurricanes. \u003ccite>(Ryan Kellman/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The trust built 31 affordable units on property that went up for sale after the hurricane. It began with a private donation, but the trust eventually secured a \u003ca href=\"https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/comm_planning/cdbg-dr\">federal grant earmarked for disaster recovery\u003c/a>. Kirk says securing funding quickly is key since many properties are put up for sale within just a few years of a disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Public funding is really a necessity in order to preserve land in the aftermath of a disaster, particularly in an affluent location,” Kirk says. “Because in the absence of that, market conditions will cause speculators and others to step into that land and end up serving a completely different income level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Lahaina, Burke says organizers aren’t sure how many properties the land trust might be able to buy, but they hope to start within the next six months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think we’re at a place where we can’t come back and still make this a beautiful, vibrant community,” Burke says. “We’re gonna need help and we’re going to continue to need help for years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "former-la-dodger-steve-garvey-aims-for-the-wall-in-us-senate-race",
"title": "Former LA Dodger Steve Garvey Aims for the Wall in US Senate Race",
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"headTitle": "Former LA Dodger Steve Garvey Aims for the Wall in US Senate Race | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the 1970s and ’80s, baseball fans got used to Steve Garvey smashing winning home runs and clutch hits in key games. In 1981, Garvey led the Los Angeles Dodgers to a World Series victory. In a nearly two-decade baseball career, Garvey was named MVP for the Dodgers and, later, the San Diego Padres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the former first baseman is headed to a very different kind of competition, a runoff election for an open U.S. Senate seat in California against Democratic Congressman Adam Schiff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garvey hopes to become the first Republican elected to represent California in the Senate since 1988. That won’t be easy in a state where \u003ca href=\"https://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/ror/15day-presprim-2024/complete-ror.pdf\">registered Democrats heavily outnumber Republicans\u003c/a> by nearly two to one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">A political outsider hopes to leverage discontent\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Marva Diaz, a political strategist who owns \u003ca href=\"https://californiatargetbook.com/\">California Target Book,\u003c/a> a nonpartisan publication tracking elections in California, said while Garvey hit a home run in the primary, a low turnout affair that skewed older and more Republican, that was the easy part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“November is a whole new ballgame, right? That turnout is going to be different. There are different things on the ballot that they’re going to be turning out for,” Diaz said, suggesting that a larger November voter turnout will help Schiff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Lanhee Chen, director of domestic policy studies, Hoover Institute Public Policy Program at Stanford\"]‘His candidacy represents something very different, I think, for California Republicans. … He also has an opportunity, I think, to draw a line on issues that (are) probably a little bit more centrist, a little bit closer to the median California voter.’[/pullquote]Adding to his challenges, Diaz said the RNC is unlikely to spend major amounts of money on a long shot campaign like Garvey’s when there are other more competitive races they are facing in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Lanhee Chen, who ran an unsuccessful bid as the Republican candidate for California’s state controller two years ago, said Garvey’s emergence despite his odds is significant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“His candidacy represents something very different, I think, for California Republicans,” said Chen, who is now a fellow at Stanford University’s Hoover Institution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chen thinks Garvey can win over undecided voters by appealing to their dissatisfaction with politics as usual. In a \u003ca href=\"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46g7q3hk\">recent poll \u003c/a>from the UC Berkeley Institute of Governmental Studies, 57% of voters think the state is “off on the wrong track.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He also has an opportunity, I think, to draw a line on issues that (are) probably a little bit more centrist, a little bit closer to the median California voter,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a debate earlier this year, he said he would vote against a national ban on abortions. Yet Garvey has not provided a lot of specifics on other policy positions, focusing instead on trying to evoke nostalgia for what he sees as a prior golden era, promising a return to the “good old days.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979594\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979594\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1066\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Garvey of the Los Angeles Dodgers bats against the New York Yankees during the World Series at Dodger Stadium in Los Angeles in October 1981. \u003ccite>(Focus on Sport via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Garvey often notes that when he came to California in the 1960s, the state was “the heartbeat of America, but now it’s just a murmur.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was a Beach Boys era in Southern California history,” said GOP consultant Mike Madrid, an ardent opponent of former President Trump’s brand of Republicanism and a co-founder of the \u003ca href=\"https://lincolnproject.us/\">Lincoln Project, \u003c/a>adding that the state’s 1960s era no longer resonates with as many Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the exception of Arnold Schwarzenegger, who sort of transcended partisan politics, that Republican ceiling has remained remarkably consistent for the better part of 25 years,” Madrid said, referring to the actor-turned-Republican governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Garvey faces long odds to ‘get back in the game’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In October, the low profile Garvey kept at his home near Palm Springs was interrupted when he released \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NC44seizfO8&t=2s\">a video\u003c/a> announcing a run for the U.S. Senate, promising to run a “common sense campaign” for the seat held by Dianne Feinstein until her death last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s time to get off the bench,” he said in the video. “It’s time to put the uniform back on. It’s time to get back in the game.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garvey entered a race dominated by three Democrats already representing California in Congress, Reps. Barbara Lee, Katie Porter and Adam Schiff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979596\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979596\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1066\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Candidates, from left, Rep. Barbara Lee (D-Calif.), Rep. Adam Schiff (D-Calif.), Rep. Katie Porter (D-Calif.) and former baseball player Steve Garvey, stand on stage during a televised debate on Jan. 22 in Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Damian Dovarganes/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As the only Republican when the candidates first faced off on the debate stage in January, Garvey sought to portray himself as a pragmatic, moderate Republican.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there was one problem with that portrayal. He voted for Donald Trump twice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a state where President Biden beat Trump by about 30 points in 2020, that matters. His support for Trump hounded him at all three debates before the March primary. When asked if he would vote for Trump against President Biden, Garvey replied, “I will look at the two opponents, I will determine what they did, and at that time, I will make my choice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11978232,news_11978528,news_11973349\"]That prompted this sarcastic response from Congresswoman Porter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, California, I think what they say is true. ‘Once a Dodger, always a Dodger,'” receiving laughs from the debate audience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Schiff, who built a national reputation as the former president’s leading adversary in Congress during his time as chairman of the House Intelligence Committee, saw Garvey’s earlier support for Trump as an opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under California’s primary system, the top two finishers in the March primary will face off in November, regardless of party. And Schiff — who led in pre-election polls — knew that facing the Republican Garvey would be a much easier lift than a runoff against another Democrat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff then spent millions of dollars on television ads highlighting Garvey’s votes for Trump and claimed that Garvey was “too conservative for California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ads helped raise his profile among Republicans, elevating Garvey over other GOP candidates on the primary ballot. Porter argued that the ads actually helped consolidate Republican votes for Garvey, a view widely shared by campaign professionals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it worked, perhaps even better than Schiff could have imagined. Not only did it boost Garvey into the top two and a November runoff, as \u003ca href=\"https://electionresults.sos.ca.gov/returns/us-senate\">ballots continue to be counted, \u003c/a>Garvey and Schiff are nearly tied for first place in two separate races for the open Senate seat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Steve Garvey\"]‘What you are feeling tonight is what it’s like to hit a walk-off home run. Keep in mind, this is the first game of a doubleheader, so keep the evening of Nov. 5th open.’[/pullquote]In November, voters have two Senate elections to decide who will finish the rest of the late Sen. Dianne Feinstein’s term and who will fill a full six-year term starting in January 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following Super Tuesday’s primary results, Schiff and Garvey are the top two candidates for both elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On election night following the primary, Garvey wasted no time celebrating the outcome — with yet more baseball metaphors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What you are feeling tonight is what it’s like to hit a walk-off home run. Keep in mind, this is the first game of a doubleheader, so keep the evening of Nov. 5th open,” Garvey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "What lies ahead for the former first baseman who is headed to a runoff election for an open U.S. Senate seat in California against Democratic Congressman Adam Schiff.",
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"title": "Former LA Dodger Steve Garvey Aims for the Wall in US Senate Race | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the 1970s and ’80s, baseball fans got used to Steve Garvey smashing winning home runs and clutch hits in key games. In 1981, Garvey led the Los Angeles Dodgers to a World Series victory. In a nearly two-decade baseball career, Garvey was named MVP for the Dodgers and, later, the San Diego Padres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the former first baseman is headed to a very different kind of competition, a runoff election for an open U.S. Senate seat in California against Democratic Congressman Adam Schiff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garvey hopes to become the first Republican elected to represent California in the Senate since 1988. That won’t be easy in a state where \u003ca href=\"https://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/ror/15day-presprim-2024/complete-ror.pdf\">registered Democrats heavily outnumber Republicans\u003c/a> by nearly two to one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">A political outsider hopes to leverage discontent\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Marva Diaz, a political strategist who owns \u003ca href=\"https://californiatargetbook.com/\">California Target Book,\u003c/a> a nonpartisan publication tracking elections in California, said while Garvey hit a home run in the primary, a low turnout affair that skewed older and more Republican, that was the easy part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“November is a whole new ballgame, right? That turnout is going to be different. There are different things on the ballot that they’re going to be turning out for,” Diaz said, suggesting that a larger November voter turnout will help Schiff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘His candidacy represents something very different, I think, for California Republicans. … He also has an opportunity, I think, to draw a line on issues that (are) probably a little bit more centrist, a little bit closer to the median California voter.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Adding to his challenges, Diaz said the RNC is unlikely to spend major amounts of money on a long shot campaign like Garvey’s when there are other more competitive races they are facing in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Lanhee Chen, who ran an unsuccessful bid as the Republican candidate for California’s state controller two years ago, said Garvey’s emergence despite his odds is significant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“His candidacy represents something very different, I think, for California Republicans,” said Chen, who is now a fellow at Stanford University’s Hoover Institution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chen thinks Garvey can win over undecided voters by appealing to their dissatisfaction with politics as usual. In a \u003ca href=\"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46g7q3hk\">recent poll \u003c/a>from the UC Berkeley Institute of Governmental Studies, 57% of voters think the state is “off on the wrong track.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He also has an opportunity, I think, to draw a line on issues that (are) probably a little bit more centrist, a little bit closer to the median California voter,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a debate earlier this year, he said he would vote against a national ban on abortions. Yet Garvey has not provided a lot of specifics on other policy positions, focusing instead on trying to evoke nostalgia for what he sees as a prior golden era, promising a return to the “good old days.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979594\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979594\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1066\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/gettyimages-51469828_slide-862dac329cea3889068f494018dbf6f6bb4eb33e-s1600-c85-copy-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Garvey of the Los Angeles Dodgers bats against the New York Yankees during the World Series at Dodger Stadium in Los Angeles in October 1981. \u003ccite>(Focus on Sport via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Garvey often notes that when he came to California in the 1960s, the state was “the heartbeat of America, but now it’s just a murmur.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was a Beach Boys era in Southern California history,” said GOP consultant Mike Madrid, an ardent opponent of former President Trump’s brand of Republicanism and a co-founder of the \u003ca href=\"https://lincolnproject.us/\">Lincoln Project, \u003c/a>adding that the state’s 1960s era no longer resonates with as many Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the exception of Arnold Schwarzenegger, who sort of transcended partisan politics, that Republican ceiling has remained remarkably consistent for the better part of 25 years,” Madrid said, referring to the actor-turned-Republican governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Garvey faces long odds to ‘get back in the game’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In October, the low profile Garvey kept at his home near Palm Springs was interrupted when he released \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NC44seizfO8&t=2s\">a video\u003c/a> announcing a run for the U.S. Senate, promising to run a “common sense campaign” for the seat held by Dianne Feinstein until her death last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s time to get off the bench,” he said in the video. “It’s time to put the uniform back on. It’s time to get back in the game.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garvey entered a race dominated by three Democrats already representing California in Congress, Reps. Barbara Lee, Katie Porter and Adam Schiff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11979596\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11979596\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1066\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/ap24024076937939_slide-0f04130c8f15a675564791315f8157d985b4c0e6-s1600-c85-copy-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Candidates, from left, Rep. Barbara Lee (D-Calif.), Rep. Adam Schiff (D-Calif.), Rep. Katie Porter (D-Calif.) and former baseball player Steve Garvey, stand on stage during a televised debate on Jan. 22 in Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Damian Dovarganes/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As the only Republican when the candidates first faced off on the debate stage in January, Garvey sought to portray himself as a pragmatic, moderate Republican.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there was one problem with that portrayal. He voted for Donald Trump twice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a state where President Biden beat Trump by about 30 points in 2020, that matters. His support for Trump hounded him at all three debates before the March primary. When asked if he would vote for Trump against President Biden, Garvey replied, “I will look at the two opponents, I will determine what they did, and at that time, I will make my choice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>That prompted this sarcastic response from Congresswoman Porter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, California, I think what they say is true. ‘Once a Dodger, always a Dodger,'” receiving laughs from the debate audience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Schiff, who built a national reputation as the former president’s leading adversary in Congress during his time as chairman of the House Intelligence Committee, saw Garvey’s earlier support for Trump as an opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under California’s primary system, the top two finishers in the March primary will face off in November, regardless of party. And Schiff — who led in pre-election polls — knew that facing the Republican Garvey would be a much easier lift than a runoff against another Democrat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff then spent millions of dollars on television ads highlighting Garvey’s votes for Trump and claimed that Garvey was “too conservative for California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ads helped raise his profile among Republicans, elevating Garvey over other GOP candidates on the primary ballot. Porter argued that the ads actually helped consolidate Republican votes for Garvey, a view widely shared by campaign professionals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it worked, perhaps even better than Schiff could have imagined. Not only did it boost Garvey into the top two and a November runoff, as \u003ca href=\"https://electionresults.sos.ca.gov/returns/us-senate\">ballots continue to be counted, \u003c/a>Garvey and Schiff are nearly tied for first place in two separate races for the open Senate seat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘What you are feeling tonight is what it’s like to hit a walk-off home run. Keep in mind, this is the first game of a doubleheader, so keep the evening of Nov. 5th open.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In November, voters have two Senate elections to decide who will finish the rest of the late Sen. Dianne Feinstein’s term and who will fill a full six-year term starting in January 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following Super Tuesday’s primary results, Schiff and Garvey are the top two candidates for both elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On election night following the primary, Garvey wasted no time celebrating the outcome — with yet more baseball metaphors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What you are feeling tonight is what it’s like to hit a walk-off home run. Keep in mind, this is the first game of a doubleheader, so keep the evening of Nov. 5th open,” Garvey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Why the House Voted to Ban TikTok and What Could Come Next",
"headTitle": "Why the House Voted to Ban TikTok and What Could Come Next | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated March 13, 2024 at 9:25 AM PT\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House voted overwhelmingly Wednesday to approve a bipartisan bill that would require ByteDance, the parent company of TikTok, to sell the social media app or face a ban on all U.S. devices. The vote was 352–65.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Rep. Mike Gallagher\"]‘What we’re after is, it’s not a ban, it’s a forced separation.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation’s fate is unclear in the Senate. The top two lawmakers on the Senate Intelligence Committee, Sens. Marco Rubio (R-Fla.) and Mark Warner (D-Va.), released a joint statement praising the House bill and urging Senate action, but the timeline is unclear. Several lawmakers have suggested that the Senate hold hearings on the legislation before moving forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Mike Gallagher (R-Wis.), who chairs the House Select Committee on China and is the lead GOP sponsor of the bipartisan bill, maintains that the bill does not amount to a ban on the video-sharing app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we’re after is, it’s not a ban, it’s a forced separation,” Gallagher told NPR. “The TikTok user experience can continue and improve so long as ByteDance doesn’t own the company.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In practice, however, the bill would ban TikTok in the United States. Both the company and China, historically, have refused to consider divestiture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TikTok has said the banning of a social media platform would amount to a violation of the free speech rights of millions of Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"education_536058\" label=\"Related Story\"]Gallagher says classified and unclassified national security assessments show that the app is a threat to user privacy and that it’s been used to target journalists and interfere in elections. Top officials from intelligence and national security agencies conducted a classified briefing on their analysis for all House members on Tuesday. Classified information is not made public, in part, because it deals with national security matters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/03/23/1165579717/tiktok-congress-hearing-shou-zi-chew-project-texas\">have not\u003c/a> offered\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/08/29/907316522/tiktok-workers-feel-anxiety-anger-and-rage-amid-trump-crackdown\"> public\u003c/a> evidence of the Chinese Communist Party using the app for surveillance or propaganda purposes, though \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/02/02/1153448116/tiktok-la-media-briefing-project-texas\">experts say\u003c/a> it is theoretically possible that Beijing could use TikTok to push its agenda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FBI Director Christopher Wray has also publicly testified about his concerns about the app, including during an appearance last week at a Senate hearing on worldwide threats to U.S. security. In that testimony, Wray told members of the Senate Intelligence Committee that the Chinese government could use the app to control software on millions of devices, among other concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not sure that we would see many of the outward signs of it happening if it was happening,” Wray said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House Energy and Commerce Committee unanimously approved the bipartisan measure last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Lobbying campaign flooded offices on Capitol Hill with calls\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Gallagher says the lobbying campaign that TikTok launched — with push notices using location information to connect users by phone to their member of Congress — proves why the bill is needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You had member offices being deluged with calls, you know, teenagers crying and one threatening suicide and one impersonating one of my colleague’s sons,” he said. “That, to me, demonstrates how the platform could be weaponized in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://selectcommitteeontheccp.house.gov/sites/evo-subsites/selectcommitteeontheccp.house.gov/files/evo-media-document/Protecting%20Americans%20From%20Foriegn%20Adversary%20Controlled%20Applications_3.5.24.pdf\">bipartisan bill,\u003c/a> dubbed the “Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act,” blocks any app store or web-hosting services in the U.S. for ByteDance-controlled applications, including TikTok, unless the app severs ties to ByteDance, under a designation that it’s subject to the control of a foreign adversary. The bill gives ByteDance up to six months to divest, and if it doesn’t do that, it will no longer be available in app stores in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill also sets up a process for the president to address any future threats from any foreign-owned apps if they are deemed a national security risk. It also creates a system for users to download their own data and switch to an alternate platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Opponents cite freedom of speech and the economic impact of a ban\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At 27 years old, Florida Democratic Rep. Maxwell Frost is the youngest member of Congress, and he opposes the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that it is a violation of people’s First Amendment rights,” he said. “TikTok is a place for people to express ideas. I have many small businesses in my district and content creators in my district, and I think it’s going to drastically impact them, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and other opponents say the bill is being rushed through and that many lawmakers don’t grasp the impact it could have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TikTok declined an interview with NPR. In a statement, a spokesperson said: “The government is attempting to strip 170 million Americans of their Constitutional right to free expression. This will damage millions of businesses, deny artists an audience, and destroy the livelihoods of countless creators across the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocacy groups, including the American Civil Liberties Union, have called the bill “censorship plain and simple,” arguing that “jeopardizing access to the platform jeopardizes access to free expression.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Illinois Democrat Raja Krishnamoorthi is the ranking Democrat on the House Select Committee on China and helped write the bill. He pushed back on the company’s argument, telling NPR, “There’s no First Amendment right to espionage; there’s no First Amendment right to harm our national security.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company stresses that it has established a data firewall by partnering with Austin-based software company Oracle. Dubbed “Project Texas,” the new system routes all U.S. user traffic to Oracle, which now also controls the servers storing Americans’ TikTok data. Still, the plan has not received the blessing from officials in Washington, who have said it falls short of a full breakup with ByteDance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Krishnamoorthi says he and other lawmakers reviewed the efforts and that the company’s claims about its safeguards were false. “Whether it was TikTok saying that, ‘Oh, American user data is not going to be accessible to anyone in China.’ Again, wrong. That was also proven false. And then they said that American user data is not going to be used to target anybody again. Wrong. That was false.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even opponents of the bill expected it to easily clear the House, so TikTok is focused on blocking action in the Senate. According to a source familiar with the effort, CEO Shou Zi Chew was in Washington this week and on Capitol Hill to discuss the bill with lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Missouri Republican Sen. Josh Hawley backs the House bill. He says he’s frustrated that Congress has failed to move tech legislation and argues TikTok is different from other apps. “The really only reason to ban it — it is a major national security concern — and that makes it very different from Google and Meta and the others who do all kinds of bad stuff, but they are not effective subsidiaries of a hostile foreign government.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Presidential campaign politics could impact path for bill\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Former President Donald Trump, the presumptive GOP presidential nominee, proposed a ban in 2020 when he was in the White House. But he does not support the House bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he served as president, he vowed to ban the social media app. Trump explained his new opposition in \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/trump-says-tiktok-national-security-threat-facebook-enemy-people-rcna142733\">an interview with CNBC \u003c/a>on Monday, saying that despite the possible security risk, he opposed a ban because it meant users would move to another platform that he considered more dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of good, and there’s a lot of bad with TikTok. But the thing I don’t like is that without TikTok, you can make Facebook bigger, and I consider Facebook to be an enemy of the people along with a lot of the media,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Biden’s campaign posts regularly on TikTok, but the White House has said if a bill is sent to his desk,\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/06/1236363592/biden-tiktok-ban\"> he’ll sign it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a law is enacted, the fight might not end there: TikTok has mounted legal challenges against other efforts to ban the app, and courts have sided with its argument that blocking TikTok violates users’ First Amendment rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Claudia Grisales contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Why+the+House+voted+to+ban+TikTok+and+what+could+come+next&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The House voted overwhelmingly Wednesday to approve a bill that would force parent company ByteDance to sell TikTok or face a ban on the social media app on U.S. devices.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated March 13, 2024 at 9:25 AM PT\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House voted overwhelmingly Wednesday to approve a bipartisan bill that would require ByteDance, the parent company of TikTok, to sell the social media app or face a ban on all U.S. devices. The vote was 352–65.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘What we’re after is, it’s not a ban, it’s a forced separation.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation’s fate is unclear in the Senate. The top two lawmakers on the Senate Intelligence Committee, Sens. Marco Rubio (R-Fla.) and Mark Warner (D-Va.), released a joint statement praising the House bill and urging Senate action, but the timeline is unclear. Several lawmakers have suggested that the Senate hold hearings on the legislation before moving forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Mike Gallagher (R-Wis.), who chairs the House Select Committee on China and is the lead GOP sponsor of the bipartisan bill, maintains that the bill does not amount to a ban on the video-sharing app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we’re after is, it’s not a ban, it’s a forced separation,” Gallagher told NPR. “The TikTok user experience can continue and improve so long as ByteDance doesn’t own the company.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In practice, however, the bill would ban TikTok in the United States. Both the company and China, historically, have refused to consider divestiture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TikTok has said the banning of a social media platform would amount to a violation of the free speech rights of millions of Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Gallagher says classified and unclassified national security assessments show that the app is a threat to user privacy and that it’s been used to target journalists and interfere in elections. Top officials from intelligence and national security agencies conducted a classified briefing on their analysis for all House members on Tuesday. Classified information is not made public, in part, because it deals with national security matters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/03/23/1165579717/tiktok-congress-hearing-shou-zi-chew-project-texas\">have not\u003c/a> offered\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/08/29/907316522/tiktok-workers-feel-anxiety-anger-and-rage-amid-trump-crackdown\"> public\u003c/a> evidence of the Chinese Communist Party using the app for surveillance or propaganda purposes, though \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/02/02/1153448116/tiktok-la-media-briefing-project-texas\">experts say\u003c/a> it is theoretically possible that Beijing could use TikTok to push its agenda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FBI Director Christopher Wray has also publicly testified about his concerns about the app, including during an appearance last week at a Senate hearing on worldwide threats to U.S. security. In that testimony, Wray told members of the Senate Intelligence Committee that the Chinese government could use the app to control software on millions of devices, among other concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not sure that we would see many of the outward signs of it happening if it was happening,” Wray said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House Energy and Commerce Committee unanimously approved the bipartisan measure last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Lobbying campaign flooded offices on Capitol Hill with calls\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Gallagher says the lobbying campaign that TikTok launched — with push notices using location information to connect users by phone to their member of Congress — proves why the bill is needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You had member offices being deluged with calls, you know, teenagers crying and one threatening suicide and one impersonating one of my colleague’s sons,” he said. “That, to me, demonstrates how the platform could be weaponized in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://selectcommitteeontheccp.house.gov/sites/evo-subsites/selectcommitteeontheccp.house.gov/files/evo-media-document/Protecting%20Americans%20From%20Foriegn%20Adversary%20Controlled%20Applications_3.5.24.pdf\">bipartisan bill,\u003c/a> dubbed the “Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act,” blocks any app store or web-hosting services in the U.S. for ByteDance-controlled applications, including TikTok, unless the app severs ties to ByteDance, under a designation that it’s subject to the control of a foreign adversary. The bill gives ByteDance up to six months to divest, and if it doesn’t do that, it will no longer be available in app stores in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill also sets up a process for the president to address any future threats from any foreign-owned apps if they are deemed a national security risk. It also creates a system for users to download their own data and switch to an alternate platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Opponents cite freedom of speech and the economic impact of a ban\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At 27 years old, Florida Democratic Rep. Maxwell Frost is the youngest member of Congress, and he opposes the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that it is a violation of people’s First Amendment rights,” he said. “TikTok is a place for people to express ideas. I have many small businesses in my district and content creators in my district, and I think it’s going to drastically impact them, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and other opponents say the bill is being rushed through and that many lawmakers don’t grasp the impact it could have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TikTok declined an interview with NPR. In a statement, a spokesperson said: “The government is attempting to strip 170 million Americans of their Constitutional right to free expression. This will damage millions of businesses, deny artists an audience, and destroy the livelihoods of countless creators across the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocacy groups, including the American Civil Liberties Union, have called the bill “censorship plain and simple,” arguing that “jeopardizing access to the platform jeopardizes access to free expression.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Illinois Democrat Raja Krishnamoorthi is the ranking Democrat on the House Select Committee on China and helped write the bill. He pushed back on the company’s argument, telling NPR, “There’s no First Amendment right to espionage; there’s no First Amendment right to harm our national security.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company stresses that it has established a data firewall by partnering with Austin-based software company Oracle. Dubbed “Project Texas,” the new system routes all U.S. user traffic to Oracle, which now also controls the servers storing Americans’ TikTok data. Still, the plan has not received the blessing from officials in Washington, who have said it falls short of a full breakup with ByteDance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Krishnamoorthi says he and other lawmakers reviewed the efforts and that the company’s claims about its safeguards were false. “Whether it was TikTok saying that, ‘Oh, American user data is not going to be accessible to anyone in China.’ Again, wrong. That was also proven false. And then they said that American user data is not going to be used to target anybody again. Wrong. That was false.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even opponents of the bill expected it to easily clear the House, so TikTok is focused on blocking action in the Senate. According to a source familiar with the effort, CEO Shou Zi Chew was in Washington this week and on Capitol Hill to discuss the bill with lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Missouri Republican Sen. Josh Hawley backs the House bill. He says he’s frustrated that Congress has failed to move tech legislation and argues TikTok is different from other apps. “The really only reason to ban it — it is a major national security concern — and that makes it very different from Google and Meta and the others who do all kinds of bad stuff, but they are not effective subsidiaries of a hostile foreign government.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Presidential campaign politics could impact path for bill\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Former President Donald Trump, the presumptive GOP presidential nominee, proposed a ban in 2020 when he was in the White House. But he does not support the House bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he served as president, he vowed to ban the social media app. Trump explained his new opposition in \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/trump-says-tiktok-national-security-threat-facebook-enemy-people-rcna142733\">an interview with CNBC \u003c/a>on Monday, saying that despite the possible security risk, he opposed a ban because it meant users would move to another platform that he considered more dangerous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of good, and there’s a lot of bad with TikTok. But the thing I don’t like is that without TikTok, you can make Facebook bigger, and I consider Facebook to be an enemy of the people along with a lot of the media,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Biden’s campaign posts regularly on TikTok, but the White House has said if a bill is sent to his desk,\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/06/1236363592/biden-tiktok-ban\"> he’ll sign it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a law is enacted, the fight might not end there: TikTok has mounted legal challenges against other efforts to ban the app, and courts have sided with its argument that blocking TikTok violates users’ First Amendment rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"order": 9
},
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
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"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
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"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/political-breakdown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/07RVyIjIdk2WDuVehvBMoN",
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