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"content": "\u003cp>When you first approach this bridge over Interstate 66 in northern Virginia, it may feel like you’re driving on the wrong side of the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because, in a way, you are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were a lot of people who looked at me like I was a little nuts,” said traffic engineer Gilbert Chlewicki, the inventor of this unconventional interchange. “Like, why are you putting me on the other side of the road?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chlewicki agreed to meet at this intersection 35 miles west of Washington, D.C., to explain the workings of the \u003ca href=\"https://divergingdiamond.com/history/\">diverging diamond interchange\u003c/a>, as it’s known. He was easy to spot, wearing a neon yellow vest for safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As you enter the interchange, the right and left sides of the road cross over each other at a stop light. You are, in fact, driving on the left side of the road at this point. From there, left turns become a lot easier because there’s no oncoming traffic in the way. Instead of waiting for a signal, you get a free left turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we do the cross-over to the left side of the road, that’s when the left turns happen, so the left is very easy,” Chlewicki said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means diverging diamond interchanges can be both more efficient and safer than conventional intersections with left turn lanes. There are now more than 200 of them across the U.S., in more than 30 states. But at first, it wasn’t easy to convince other traffic engineers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Anything different is a hard sell,” Chlewicki said. “Safety was the big question.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/traffic-drone-20240519/drone1.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-traffic-drone-20240519-drone1&parentTitle=Road%20planners%20embrace%20an%20unconventional%20intersection%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F05%2F28%2F1243933142%2Fdiverging-diamond-interchange-chlewicki\" width=\"1000\" height=\"450\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Making left turns safer and more efficient\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The first state to install a diverging diamond interchange was Missouri, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2009/11/24/120403340/diverging-diamond-traffic-flow-way-of-the-future\">way back in 2009\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Part of the thought was, okay, we put it in there, we see how this works,” said Stacy Reese, a district engineer with the Missouri Department of Transportation. “We were willing to take that risk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state put the first diverging diamond at a notoriously traffic-clogged intersection in Springfield, where it could often take as long as 20 minutes to make a left turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/traffic-drone-20240519/drone2.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-traffic-drone-20240519-drone2&parentTitle=Road%20planners%20embrace%20an%20unconventional%20intersection%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F05%2F28%2F1243933142%2Fdiverging-diamond-interchange-chlewicki\" width=\"1000\" height=\"480\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When MODOT opened the new intersection, those backups cleared up almost immediately. Reese said. And that wasn’t the only benefit: It was also safer than the traditional intersection it replaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We did see the crashes reduced somewhere in that 40% to 50% range, pretty much instantaneously,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Left turns are a big problem everywhere. They have a lot of what traffic engineers call “conflict points” with pedestrians as well as other cars. The diverging diamond design eliminates some of those conflicts, lowering the risk of side impact or T-bone crashes, which tend to be especially deadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988100\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988100\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1136\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy-800x535.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy-1020x682.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy-1536x1026.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In Haymarket, Virginia, as you enter the interchange, the right and left sides of the road cross over each other at a stop light. You are, in fact, driving on the left side of the road at this point. From there, left turns become a lot easier because there’s no oncoming traffic on the way. Instead of waiting for a signal, you get a free left turn. \u003ccite>(Whitney Shefte for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Drivers have strong feelings\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Still, some drivers say the unconventional interchange makes them nervous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hate it,” said Logan Wilcox, who drives a school bus in a community near the double diamond interchange in northern Virginia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel like someone that’s not familiar with it is gonna be coming through, and they’re gonna struggle with it,” Wilcox said. “It makes me really concerned that someone’s gonna hit me at any point with my bus full of children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other drivers at a local gas station like the design.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s fantastic. Less aggravation, less accidents. Love it,” said Greg Peterson of The Plains, Virginia. “Best money they ever spent doing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For this type of intersection, it works really well because the traffic flows,” agrees Cynthia Dodson of Marshall, Virginia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/traffic-drone-20240519/drone3.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-traffic-drone-20240519-drone3&parentTitle=Road%20planners%20embrace%20an%20unconventional%20intersection%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F05%2F28%2F1243933142%2Fdiverging-diamond-interchange-chlewicki\" width=\"1000\" height=\"400\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A lifelong passion for road design\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Reactions like those are gratifying for inventor Gilbert Chlewicki. In a sense, he’s been preparing for this career for most of his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was drawing roads as a little kid,” Chlewicki said. “I would draw lanes wide enough from my Hot Wheels, and I would just use a map to kind of guide me on what I wanted to draw.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chlewicki had the idea for the diverging diamond interchange when he was in graduate school at the University of Maryland. He presented the first major paper on it at a conference in 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988103\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988103\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1126\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy-1536x1017.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Virginia put the first diverging diamond at a notoriously traffic-clogged intersection in Springfield, where it could often take as long as 20 minutes to make a left turn. \u003ccite>(Whitney Shefte for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The idea caught the attention of engineers at the Federal Highway Administration, who began pushing to make it a reality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty years later, Chlewicki’s idea has crossed over into the mainstream. And while two decades may seem like a long time, he doesn’t see it that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Honestly, for government and for complex things like interchanges, this went super fast,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Virginia Department of Transportation now employs Chlewicki. He’s experimenting with some new “mutations” of the diverging diamond, as he puts it, combining them with roundabouts and other innovative traffic designs — still playing with model cars and paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we do the cross-over to the left side of the road, that’s when the left turns happen, so the left is very easy,” Chlewicki said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means diverging diamond interchanges can be both more efficient and safer than conventional intersections with left turn lanes. There are now more than 200 of them across the U.S., in more than 30 states. But at first, it wasn’t easy to convince other traffic engineers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Anything different is a hard sell,” Chlewicki said. “Safety was the big question.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/traffic-drone-20240519/drone1.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-traffic-drone-20240519-drone1&parentTitle=Road%20planners%20embrace%20an%20unconventional%20intersection%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F05%2F28%2F1243933142%2Fdiverging-diamond-interchange-chlewicki\" width=\"1000\" height=\"450\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Making left turns safer and more efficient\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The first state to install a diverging diamond interchange was Missouri, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2009/11/24/120403340/diverging-diamond-traffic-flow-way-of-the-future\">way back in 2009\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Part of the thought was, okay, we put it in there, we see how this works,” said Stacy Reese, a district engineer with the Missouri Department of Transportation. “We were willing to take that risk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state put the first diverging diamond at a notoriously traffic-clogged intersection in Springfield, where it could often take as long as 20 minutes to make a left turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/traffic-drone-20240519/drone2.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-traffic-drone-20240519-drone2&parentTitle=Road%20planners%20embrace%20an%20unconventional%20intersection%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F05%2F28%2F1243933142%2Fdiverging-diamond-interchange-chlewicki\" width=\"1000\" height=\"480\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When MODOT opened the new intersection, those backups cleared up almost immediately. Reese said. And that wasn’t the only benefit: It was also safer than the traditional intersection it replaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We did see the crashes reduced somewhere in that 40% to 50% range, pretty much instantaneously,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Left turns are a big problem everywhere. They have a lot of what traffic engineers call “conflict points” with pedestrians as well as other cars. The diverging diamond design eliminates some of those conflicts, lowering the risk of side impact or T-bone crashes, which tend to be especially deadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988100\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988100\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1136\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy-800x535.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy-1020x682.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy-1536x1026.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In Haymarket, Virginia, as you enter the interchange, the right and left sides of the road cross over each other at a stop light. You are, in fact, driving on the left side of the road at this point. From there, left turns become a lot easier because there’s no oncoming traffic on the way. Instead of waiting for a signal, you get a free left turn. \u003ccite>(Whitney Shefte for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Drivers have strong feelings\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Still, some drivers say the unconventional interchange makes them nervous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hate it,” said Logan Wilcox, who drives a school bus in a community near the double diamond interchange in northern Virginia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel like someone that’s not familiar with it is gonna be coming through, and they’re gonna struggle with it,” Wilcox said. “It makes me really concerned that someone’s gonna hit me at any point with my bus full of children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other drivers at a local gas station like the design.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s fantastic. Less aggravation, less accidents. Love it,” said Greg Peterson of The Plains, Virginia. “Best money they ever spent doing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For this type of intersection, it works really well because the traffic flows,” agrees Cynthia Dodson of Marshall, Virginia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/traffic-drone-20240519/drone3.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-traffic-drone-20240519-drone3&parentTitle=Road%20planners%20embrace%20an%20unconventional%20intersection%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F05%2F28%2F1243933142%2Fdiverging-diamond-interchange-chlewicki\" width=\"1000\" height=\"400\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A lifelong passion for road design\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Reactions like those are gratifying for inventor Gilbert Chlewicki. In a sense, he’s been preparing for this career for most of his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was drawing roads as a little kid,” Chlewicki said. “I would draw lanes wide enough from my Hot Wheels, and I would just use a map to kind of guide me on what I wanted to draw.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chlewicki had the idea for the diverging diamond interchange when he was in graduate school at the University of Maryland. He presented the first major paper on it at a conference in 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988103\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988103\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1126\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy-1536x1017.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Virginia put the first diverging diamond at a notoriously traffic-clogged intersection in Springfield, where it could often take as long as 20 minutes to make a left turn. \u003ccite>(Whitney Shefte for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The idea caught the attention of engineers at the Federal Highway Administration, who began pushing to make it a reality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty years later, Chlewicki’s idea has crossed over into the mainstream. And while two decades may seem like a long time, he doesn’t see it that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Honestly, for government and for complex things like interchanges, this went super fast,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Virginia Department of Transportation now employs Chlewicki. He’s experimenting with some new “mutations” of the diverging diamond, as he puts it, combining them with roundabouts and other innovative traffic designs — still playing with model cars and paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "The Hidden Dangers of Sharing Adorable Photos of Your Child Online",
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"content": "\u003cp>Many parents share photos and videos of children on social media: birth announcements, making (an adorable) mess at the dinner table, and milestones like a first step.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are potential dangers to constantly posting about your child online, says \u003ca href=\"https://hls.harvard.edu/faculty/leah-a-plunkett/\">Leah Plunkett\u003c/a>, a faculty member at Harvard Law School who specializes in children, family law and technology. In Plunkett’s 2019 book \u003ca href=\"https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262539630/sharenthood/\">\u003cem>Sharenthood: Why We Should Think Before We Talk About Our Kids Online\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, she explains how adults can put children’s privacy and personal data at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This phenomenon is called “sharenting,” says Plunkett. Legal scholars in her field use the term — a portmanteau of “sharing” and “parenting” — to describe “all the ways that parents, aunts, uncles, teachers, coaches and other trusted adults in a kiddo’s life transmit children’s private information digitally.” It can make kids vulnerable to identity theft and harassment. And as they grow older, it may undercut their ability to tell their own story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plunkett talks to Life Kit about the different harms of oversharing, how to post information about your kid safely, and how to talk to loved ones about your limits. This interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Parents share a surprising amount of data about their kids online. A birthday photo, for example, can reveal a kid’s name, age and date of birth. What are some of the privacy concerns around that? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a thriving black market for personally identifiable information. Kids’ Social Security numbers, when combined with date of birth, name and address, are often good targets for identity theft. Most minors don’t have credit attached to their Social Security numbers, so [someone may be able to use them to] open fraudulent lines of credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Creditors don’t verify the age of applicants, so a bad actor \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://dos.ny.gov/what-you-should-know-about-child-identity-theft\">\u003cstrong>could potentially open a credit card without anyone noticing\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong> until the kid becomes an adult and wants a card of their own. What are some other security risks?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are tragic cases of stalking, bullying and harassment. They are rare, but they do happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So someone could use social media to figure out where your kid lives, goes to school and their patterns and routines. They could also learn about their likes and dislikes and insidiously use them.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other people don’t need to have information about the ins and outs of your child’s emotional and personal life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2024/05/16/sol-cotti-x-npr---sharenting_spot_sq-74ba89c1984245f8b913c0129f8f1c39b7fc86cb.jpg?s=1200&c=75&f=jpeg\">\u003cfigcaption>\u003ccite> (Sol Cotti for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You write in your book that children’s data is a form of currency. And there’s the adage that if a product is free, \u003c/strong>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>you\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003cstrong> are the product. What should adults think about when giving a company their child’s data? Or when reading the fine print on a social media platform?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents should be aware that they’re not going to know at the moment where a piece of information, photo or video, might go. When we click “I accept,” those agreements give companies and third parties a lot of latitude about what they can do with your data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After my book came out, \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> ran a big investigative piece about how social media photos of toddlers and young children had been surreptitiously \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/10/11/technology/flickr-facial-recognition.html\">used to train facial recognition software\u003c/a>. That’s one of many examples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, at some point down the road, maybe somebody makes a decision about your child based on the stuff you’ve put out about them — how your child is doing at school, how they’re moving through the world. Maybe that is an individual human decision-maker. Maybe that is an algorithmically driven data analysis product.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>And when you mean decision-makers, that could be a university recruiter or a hiring manager. And that may affect your child’s ability to tell their own story. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To themselves or others in the future. If the world is figuring out significant things about who they are online and making projections about who they’re going to be, it can undercut their ability to figure that out for themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reading your book, it’s clear you’re not like a Luddite. You have kids, but you haven’t sworn off social media. How do you avoid oversharing the digital realm?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since I started researching this topic, I adjusted my compass to be very minimalist. I pretty much never post my kids on social media. If I do, you don’t see their faces or anything that would identify them. I don’t use full names. I don’t celebrate their birthday on social media. I don’t show the kids standing in front of where they go to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I follow a “holiday card-or-less” rule of thumb when sharing on social media: updates you’d be comfortable with anyone, from your great aunt to your boss, seeing. Information that’s not going to embarrass anybody and isn’t particularly private.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Personally, my wife and I are pretty tight about the pictures we share of our child. How do we prevent other people, like family and friends, from taking photos of them at, say, a baptism or a birthday party and posting it online? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For something like a baptism or another rite of passage, it’s probably impossible to get everyone to not celebrate their joy and pride by taking out a phone. But it is OK to make a gentle request. You might say: \u003cem>Thank you so much for being in this moment with us. To be in the moment, we would request that you refrain from pictures or videos\u003c/em>. [aside postID=news_11985949 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/AP24134775174210-1020x680.jpg']Some people will listen, some people won’t. Then, make the call about whether or not it matters enough to you to follow up privately with the people who you see taking pictures and videos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How do you model digital consent with your kids?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conversation starts with very young kids. Explain what you’re doing, why you’re doing it, and where the image or video is going. You might say something like, “Hey, we’re having a really great meal. We’re using a recipe your grandfather sent us. I’m going to take a picture for him. Everybody smile for Grandpa.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You could also ask your kid at a pretty young age, “Are you OK with taking a photo? Anyone not feeling up for it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What questions should parents ask themselves before they hit post?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Are you posting a picture of your child in any state of undress? If you are, please don’t post it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Are you sharing your child’s location, full name or date of birth? If you are, think about whether that level of detail is necessary for your post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your parents shared a similar post about you at this age, how would you have felt about it? If the answer is that it would have bothered you, take another minute to think about what you need from this post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What advice do you have for parents who often share photos and videos of their children and their lives on social media? Is it too late for them? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I had the same reaction when I started researching all of this, and I’m here to tell you, take a deep breath. Don’t panic. If you want to change, go back over your social media posts and take down what you’re not so sure about. Then, make your settings private.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Please don’t be hard on yourselves. Since the dawn of time, parents have been making the best choices they can at any given moment, and then later being like, maybe I’ll do that differently going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Many parents share photos and videos of children on social media: birth announcements, making (an adorable) mess at the dinner table, and milestones like a first step.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are potential dangers to constantly posting about your child online, says \u003ca href=\"https://hls.harvard.edu/faculty/leah-a-plunkett/\">Leah Plunkett\u003c/a>, a faculty member at Harvard Law School who specializes in children, family law and technology. In Plunkett’s 2019 book \u003ca href=\"https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262539630/sharenthood/\">\u003cem>Sharenthood: Why We Should Think Before We Talk About Our Kids Online\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, she explains how adults can put children’s privacy and personal data at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This phenomenon is called “sharenting,” says Plunkett. Legal scholars in her field use the term — a portmanteau of “sharing” and “parenting” — to describe “all the ways that parents, aunts, uncles, teachers, coaches and other trusted adults in a kiddo’s life transmit children’s private information digitally.” It can make kids vulnerable to identity theft and harassment. And as they grow older, it may undercut their ability to tell their own story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plunkett talks to Life Kit about the different harms of oversharing, how to post information about your kid safely, and how to talk to loved ones about your limits. This interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Parents share a surprising amount of data about their kids online. A birthday photo, for example, can reveal a kid’s name, age and date of birth. What are some of the privacy concerns around that? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a thriving black market for personally identifiable information. Kids’ Social Security numbers, when combined with date of birth, name and address, are often good targets for identity theft. Most minors don’t have credit attached to their Social Security numbers, so [someone may be able to use them to] open fraudulent lines of credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Creditors don’t verify the age of applicants, so a bad actor \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://dos.ny.gov/what-you-should-know-about-child-identity-theft\">\u003cstrong>could potentially open a credit card without anyone noticing\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong> until the kid becomes an adult and wants a card of their own. What are some other security risks?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are tragic cases of stalking, bullying and harassment. They are rare, but they do happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So someone could use social media to figure out where your kid lives, goes to school and their patterns and routines. They could also learn about their likes and dislikes and insidiously use them.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other people don’t need to have information about the ins and outs of your child’s emotional and personal life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2024/05/16/sol-cotti-x-npr---sharenting_spot_sq-74ba89c1984245f8b913c0129f8f1c39b7fc86cb.jpg?s=1200&c=75&f=jpeg\">\u003cfigcaption>\u003ccite> (Sol Cotti for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You write in your book that children’s data is a form of currency. And there’s the adage that if a product is free, \u003c/strong>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>you\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003cstrong> are the product. What should adults think about when giving a company their child’s data? Or when reading the fine print on a social media platform?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents should be aware that they’re not going to know at the moment where a piece of information, photo or video, might go. When we click “I accept,” those agreements give companies and third parties a lot of latitude about what they can do with your data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After my book came out, \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> ran a big investigative piece about how social media photos of toddlers and young children had been surreptitiously \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/10/11/technology/flickr-facial-recognition.html\">used to train facial recognition software\u003c/a>. That’s one of many examples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, at some point down the road, maybe somebody makes a decision about your child based on the stuff you’ve put out about them — how your child is doing at school, how they’re moving through the world. Maybe that is an individual human decision-maker. Maybe that is an algorithmically driven data analysis product.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>And when you mean decision-makers, that could be a university recruiter or a hiring manager. And that may affect your child’s ability to tell their own story. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To themselves or others in the future. If the world is figuring out significant things about who they are online and making projections about who they’re going to be, it can undercut their ability to figure that out for themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reading your book, it’s clear you’re not like a Luddite. You have kids, but you haven’t sworn off social media. How do you avoid oversharing the digital realm?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since I started researching this topic, I adjusted my compass to be very minimalist. I pretty much never post my kids on social media. If I do, you don’t see their faces or anything that would identify them. I don’t use full names. I don’t celebrate their birthday on social media. I don’t show the kids standing in front of where they go to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I follow a “holiday card-or-less” rule of thumb when sharing on social media: updates you’d be comfortable with anyone, from your great aunt to your boss, seeing. Information that’s not going to embarrass anybody and isn’t particularly private.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Personally, my wife and I are pretty tight about the pictures we share of our child. How do we prevent other people, like family and friends, from taking photos of them at, say, a baptism or a birthday party and posting it online? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For something like a baptism or another rite of passage, it’s probably impossible to get everyone to not celebrate their joy and pride by taking out a phone. But it is OK to make a gentle request. You might say: \u003cem>Thank you so much for being in this moment with us. To be in the moment, we would request that you refrain from pictures or videos\u003c/em>. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Some people will listen, some people won’t. Then, make the call about whether or not it matters enough to you to follow up privately with the people who you see taking pictures and videos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How do you model digital consent with your kids?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conversation starts with very young kids. Explain what you’re doing, why you’re doing it, and where the image or video is going. You might say something like, “Hey, we’re having a really great meal. We’re using a recipe your grandfather sent us. I’m going to take a picture for him. Everybody smile for Grandpa.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You could also ask your kid at a pretty young age, “Are you OK with taking a photo? Anyone not feeling up for it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What questions should parents ask themselves before they hit post?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Are you posting a picture of your child in any state of undress? If you are, please don’t post it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Are you sharing your child’s location, full name or date of birth? If you are, think about whether that level of detail is necessary for your post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your parents shared a similar post about you at this age, how would you have felt about it? If the answer is that it would have bothered you, take another minute to think about what you need from this post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What advice do you have for parents who often share photos and videos of their children and their lives on social media? Is it too late for them? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I had the same reaction when I started researching all of this, and I’m here to tell you, take a deep breath. Don’t panic. If you want to change, go back over your social media posts and take down what you’re not so sure about. Then, make your settings private.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Please don’t be hard on yourselves. Since the dawn of time, parents have been making the best choices they can at any given moment, and then later being like, maybe I’ll do that differently going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Drowning deaths in the U.S. were on the decline for decades, but a new report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has found that fatalities have been increasing since 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it’s not exactly clear what’s causing the spike, public health experts believe the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic could be at least partly to blame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adam Katchmarchi, CEO of the National Drowning Prevention Alliance (NDPA), said there were signs recently that fatal drownings were increasing, but the national figures were stark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Shocking, to say the least, that we have seen these dramatic increases,” Katchmarchi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7320e1.htm?s_cid=mm7320e1_w#T1_down\">CDC report\u003c/a>, there were around 4,000 accidental drowning deaths in the U.S. in 2019. That jumped to more than 4,500 fatalities annually in 2020, 2021 and 2022 — roughly a 10% increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>During the pandemic, public pools closed and lifeguards went home\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The reasons for the increase in drowning deaths aren’t known for certain, but public health officials say the lockdowns and closures related to the pandemic affected how people interacted with the water recreationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDC Division of Injury Prevention health scientist Tessa Clemens, the lead author of the report, said in a follow-up email to NPR that the causes behind the increase in fatalities were “likely complex.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“However, we know that many public pools closed during the COVID-19 pandemic, which limited the availability of swimming lessons,” Clemens said. “Once pools reopened, many facilities faced shortages of trained swimming instructors and lifeguards, which further reduced availability of swimming lessons and safe swimming areas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill Ramos, an associate professor at the Indiana University School of Public Health, agreed that changes to daily life over the past several years likely impacted swimming safety and said that swimming education had been growing before the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically, the faucet was turned off,” Ramos said. “Lifeguards were not being trained. Children were not being taught swim lessons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drowning prevention experts recommend that everyone learn to swim, yet the CDC report found that an estimated 40 million American adults don’t know how. Nearly 55% have never taken a swimming lesson, which can be expensive and difficult for some people to access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramos said he hopes the country’s first national \u003ca href=\"https://www.watersafetyusa.org/uploads/7/0/6/0/70608285/usnwsap_v7.pdf\">water safety plan (PDF)\u003c/a>, which was released last year, will help reduce the number of drownings nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Young kids and older adults face the most risk\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For children between the ages of 1 and 4, drowning is the leading cause of death, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/drowning/index.html\">according to the CDC\u003c/a>. That age group saw a 28% increase in drowning fatalities between 2019 and 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adults 65 and older experienced the second-highest rate of drowning, the report found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were also racial and ethnic disparities in drowning deaths. American Indian and Alaska Native people had the highest rate of drowning fatalities among race and ethnic groups, followed by Black people, who saw a 28% spike in deaths between 2019 and 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hopefully, this is a wake-up call to the country on a number of fronts,” Katchmarchi said. “I think most people don’t recognize sometimes the complexity of the drowning problem in the United States, but also that it is 100% preventable and it doesn’t have to be this way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How to stay safe\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As the summer season approaches, drowning prevention advocates say there’s plenty you can do to reduce the risk of drowning for yourself and your loved ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For backyard pools, Ramos said groups should designate one non-distracted person whose sole focus is keeping an eye on the swimmers. They can wear a tag around their neck, and if they have to get up, they can give that tag to another person to ensure that someone is always paying attention to the pool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not sure why we haven’t done this, but in lifeguarding, we say the lifeguard’s job is patron surveillance. That’s their No. 1 job,” Ramos said. “We need to maybe be less afraid to say that to parents and caregivers as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=forum_2010101893972 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/43/2023/08/GettyImages-1370872099-1-1020x516.jpg']Katchmarchi says other critical \u003ca href=\"https://ndpa.org/layers/\">safety measures\u003c/a> include recommendations that everyone learns how to swim and that those taking care of others know how to give CPR with rescue breaths in case of an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pools should be equipped with fences and alarms, and swimmers should use life jackets in certain situations, including open water, the NDPA suggests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A drowning can occur in less than a minute, and prevention advocates say it may not look like what people expect from TV or the movies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s certainly not the event that we describe usually where a person is screaming and yelling and waving. That person is still what we consider a distressed swimmer,” Ramos said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They haven’t really become an active drowning victim yet because once you reach that point, it’s a very silent act. And it’s not very long after that before they’re in real trouble.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Shocking, to say the least, that we have seen these dramatic increases,” Katchmarchi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7320e1.htm?s_cid=mm7320e1_w#T1_down\">CDC report\u003c/a>, there were around 4,000 accidental drowning deaths in the U.S. in 2019. That jumped to more than 4,500 fatalities annually in 2020, 2021 and 2022 — roughly a 10% increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>During the pandemic, public pools closed and lifeguards went home\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The reasons for the increase in drowning deaths aren’t known for certain, but public health officials say the lockdowns and closures related to the pandemic affected how people interacted with the water recreationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDC Division of Injury Prevention health scientist Tessa Clemens, the lead author of the report, said in a follow-up email to NPR that the causes behind the increase in fatalities were “likely complex.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“However, we know that many public pools closed during the COVID-19 pandemic, which limited the availability of swimming lessons,” Clemens said. “Once pools reopened, many facilities faced shortages of trained swimming instructors and lifeguards, which further reduced availability of swimming lessons and safe swimming areas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill Ramos, an associate professor at the Indiana University School of Public Health, agreed that changes to daily life over the past several years likely impacted swimming safety and said that swimming education had been growing before the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically, the faucet was turned off,” Ramos said. “Lifeguards were not being trained. Children were not being taught swim lessons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drowning prevention experts recommend that everyone learn to swim, yet the CDC report found that an estimated 40 million American adults don’t know how. Nearly 55% have never taken a swimming lesson, which can be expensive and difficult for some people to access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramos said he hopes the country’s first national \u003ca href=\"https://www.watersafetyusa.org/uploads/7/0/6/0/70608285/usnwsap_v7.pdf\">water safety plan (PDF)\u003c/a>, which was released last year, will help reduce the number of drownings nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Young kids and older adults face the most risk\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For children between the ages of 1 and 4, drowning is the leading cause of death, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/drowning/index.html\">according to the CDC\u003c/a>. That age group saw a 28% increase in drowning fatalities between 2019 and 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adults 65 and older experienced the second-highest rate of drowning, the report found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were also racial and ethnic disparities in drowning deaths. American Indian and Alaska Native people had the highest rate of drowning fatalities among race and ethnic groups, followed by Black people, who saw a 28% spike in deaths between 2019 and 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hopefully, this is a wake-up call to the country on a number of fronts,” Katchmarchi said. “I think most people don’t recognize sometimes the complexity of the drowning problem in the United States, but also that it is 100% preventable and it doesn’t have to be this way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How to stay safe\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As the summer season approaches, drowning prevention advocates say there’s plenty you can do to reduce the risk of drowning for yourself and your loved ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For backyard pools, Ramos said groups should designate one non-distracted person whose sole focus is keeping an eye on the swimmers. They can wear a tag around their neck, and if they have to get up, they can give that tag to another person to ensure that someone is always paying attention to the pool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not sure why we haven’t done this, but in lifeguarding, we say the lifeguard’s job is patron surveillance. That’s their No. 1 job,” Ramos said. “We need to maybe be less afraid to say that to parents and caregivers as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Katchmarchi says other critical \u003ca href=\"https://ndpa.org/layers/\">safety measures\u003c/a> include recommendations that everyone learns how to swim and that those taking care of others know how to give CPR with rescue breaths in case of an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pools should be equipped with fences and alarms, and swimmers should use life jackets in certain situations, including open water, the NDPA suggests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A drowning can occur in less than a minute, and prevention advocates say it may not look like what people expect from TV or the movies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s certainly not the event that we describe usually where a person is screaming and yelling and waving. That person is still what we consider a distressed swimmer,” Ramos said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They haven’t really become an active drowning victim yet because once you reach that point, it’s a very silent act. And it’s not very long after that before they’re in real trouble.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>To some, the marked rise of antisemitism in the U.S. over the last few years has been shocking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for journalist Julia Ioffe, it’s been unsurprising and a reminder of the long history of persecution of Jews around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were second-class citizens,” Ioffe says, recalling her childhood in the Soviet Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were excluded from universities, from jobs, from overseas travel, where we were called names by our teachers and just random passersby on the street.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says the relative safety of Jews in the U.S. over the last few generations has been an exception to the larger scope of history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franklin Foer of \u003cem>The Atlantic \u003c/em>shares that sentiment. His latest piece is titled “\u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2024/04/us-anti-semitism-jewish-american-safety/677469/\">The Golden Age of American Jews is Ending\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Like many American Jews, I once considered antisemitism a threat largely emanating from the right,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most vivid examples was in 2017, when white supremacists marched in Charlottesville, Virginia, chanting, “Jews will not replace us.” That year, Jewish cemeteries were vandalized. There were bomb threats against Jewish Community Centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, in 2018, a man walked into the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh during Shabbat services and killed 11 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“‘In every generation, somebody rises up to kill us.’ That’s what we say in the Seder,” Ioffe says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That context helps explain why there is now so much debate over demonstrations in support of Palestinians — a debate over how to define antisemitism and what to do about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"hr\">Politics and antisemitism\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Democrats and Republicans both say they want to fight antisemitism, but that might be where the agreement ends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Republicans have held hearings into antisemitism in schools, and the House voted on a bill that would adopt a legal definition of antisemitism to enforce civil rights laws at schools. President Biden also gave a major speech on the topic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To Foer, the fact that politicians are even talking about antisemitism is important. “But on the other hand,” he says, “it inevitably becomes a hugely polarized thing, and you have Republicans in Congress trying to score political points.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ioffe similarly sees many of those efforts as disingenuous. She describes the political back and forth over antisemitism as “cynical opportunism.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To me, one of the things that’s … most dangerous for Jews is when we become a political football where both our needs, our safety, our humanness is completely erased,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Anti-Zionism vs. antisemitism\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Amid demonstrations in support of Palestinians, many are now grappling with the question of when, or if, anti-Zionism is antisemitic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can absolutely be anti-Zionist without being antisemitic,” Ioffe says. “One of the main ways that you do that is by being Jewish.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says people who are rightly “incensed and horrified” by the humanitarian crisis in Gaza can have noble intentions but blunder into antisemitic territory when talking about anti-Zionism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11985335,news_11985234,mindshift_62718\"]“Then you get into questions of double standards,” she says. “If the Palestinians have a right to national self-determination, do the Jews not have that? And if so, why not?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Foer agrees that it’s complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a whole range of people who I know who are anti-Zionist,” Foer says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Anti-Zionism is] not something I agree with … but I don’t think that they are, per se, antisemites.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is a line. To Foer, when people use the word Zionist, it’s often a synonym for Jew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It becomes a way of expressing thoughts about Jewish villainy, about Jewish control, about a Jewish cabal that would be socially unacceptable,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"contributors-text\">\u003cem>This is from an episode of the NPR podcast \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510355/considerthis\">Consider This\u003c/a>, hosted by Ari Shapiro, produced by Connor Donevan, edited by Courtney Dorning, with executive producer Sami Yenigun.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>To some, the marked rise of antisemitism in the U.S. over the last few years has been shocking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for journalist Julia Ioffe, it’s been unsurprising and a reminder of the long history of persecution of Jews around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were second-class citizens,” Ioffe says, recalling her childhood in the Soviet Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were excluded from universities, from jobs, from overseas travel, where we were called names by our teachers and just random passersby on the street.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says the relative safety of Jews in the U.S. over the last few generations has been an exception to the larger scope of history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franklin Foer of \u003cem>The Atlantic \u003c/em>shares that sentiment. His latest piece is titled “\u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2024/04/us-anti-semitism-jewish-american-safety/677469/\">The Golden Age of American Jews is Ending\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Like many American Jews, I once considered antisemitism a threat largely emanating from the right,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most vivid examples was in 2017, when white supremacists marched in Charlottesville, Virginia, chanting, “Jews will not replace us.” That year, Jewish cemeteries were vandalized. There were bomb threats against Jewish Community Centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, in 2018, a man walked into the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh during Shabbat services and killed 11 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“‘In every generation, somebody rises up to kill us.’ That’s what we say in the Seder,” Ioffe says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That context helps explain why there is now so much debate over demonstrations in support of Palestinians — a debate over how to define antisemitism and what to do about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"hr\">Politics and antisemitism\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Democrats and Republicans both say they want to fight antisemitism, but that might be where the agreement ends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Republicans have held hearings into antisemitism in schools, and the House voted on a bill that would adopt a legal definition of antisemitism to enforce civil rights laws at schools. President Biden also gave a major speech on the topic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To Foer, the fact that politicians are even talking about antisemitism is important. “But on the other hand,” he says, “it inevitably becomes a hugely polarized thing, and you have Republicans in Congress trying to score political points.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ioffe similarly sees many of those efforts as disingenuous. She describes the political back and forth over antisemitism as “cynical opportunism.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To me, one of the things that’s … most dangerous for Jews is when we become a political football where both our needs, our safety, our humanness is completely erased,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Anti-Zionism vs. antisemitism\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Amid demonstrations in support of Palestinians, many are now grappling with the question of when, or if, anti-Zionism is antisemitic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can absolutely be anti-Zionist without being antisemitic,” Ioffe says. “One of the main ways that you do that is by being Jewish.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says people who are rightly “incensed and horrified” by the humanitarian crisis in Gaza can have noble intentions but blunder into antisemitic territory when talking about anti-Zionism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Then you get into questions of double standards,” she says. “If the Palestinians have a right to national self-determination, do the Jews not have that? And if so, why not?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Foer agrees that it’s complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a whole range of people who I know who are anti-Zionist,” Foer says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Anti-Zionism is] not something I agree with … but I don’t think that they are, per se, antisemites.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is a line. To Foer, when people use the word Zionist, it’s often a synonym for Jew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It becomes a way of expressing thoughts about Jewish villainy, about Jewish control, about a Jewish cabal that would be socially unacceptable,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"contributors-text\">\u003cem>This is from an episode of the NPR podcast \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510355/considerthis\">Consider This\u003c/a>, hosted by Ari Shapiro, produced by Connor Donevan, edited by Courtney Dorning, with executive producer Sami Yenigun.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>For much of his young life, Jorge Sanchez regularly gasped for air, at times coughing so violently that he’d almost throw up. His mother whisked him to the emergency room late at night and slept with him to make sure he didn’t stop breathing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s had these problems since he was born, and I couldn’t figure out what was triggering his asthma,” Fabiola Sandoval said of her son, Jorge, now 4. “It’s so hard when your child is hurting. I was willing to try anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, community health workers visited Sandoval’s home in Turlock, a city in California’s Central Valley where dust from fruit and nut orchards billows through the air. They scoured Sandoval’s home for hazards and explained that harsh cleaning products, air fresheners, and airborne dust and pesticides can trigger an asthma attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team also provided Sandoval with air purifiers, a special vacuum cleaner that can suck dust out of the air, hypoallergenic mattress covers, and a humidity sensor — goods that retail for hundreds of dollars. Within a few months, Jorge was breathing easier and was able to run and play outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The in-home consultation and supplies were paid for by Medi-Cal, California’s Medicaid health insurance program for low-income residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11958159,news_11984163\" label=\"Related Stories\"]Gov. Gavin Newsom is spearheading an ambitious \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/CalAIM/Pages/CalAIM.aspx\">$12 billion experiment\u003c/a> to transform Medi-Cal into both a health insurer and a social services provider, one that relies not only on doctors and nurses but also on community health workers and nonprofit groups that offer dozens of services, including delivering healthy meals and helping \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/11/15/1212913732/should-medicaid-pay-to-help-someone-find-a-home-california-is-trying-it\">homeless people pay for housing\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These groups are redefining health care in California as they compete with businesses for a share of the money and become a new arm of the sprawling Medi-Cal bureaucracy that serves \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/dataandstats/dashboards/Pages/Continuous-Coverage-Eligibility-Unwinding-Dashboard-January2024.aspx\">nearly 15 million\u003c/a> low-income residents on \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/4838#:~:text=The%20Governor's%20budget%20includes%20%2435.9,from%20the%20previous%E2%80%91year%20level.\">an annual budget of $158 billion\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But worker shortages, negotiations with health insurance companies, and complex billing and technology systems have hamstrung the community groups’ ability to deliver the new services: Now into the third year of the ambitious five-year experiment, only a small fraction of eligible patients have received benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is still so new, and everyone is just overwhelmed at this point, so it’s slow-going,” said Kevin Hamilton, a senior director at the Central California Asthma Collaborative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11986104\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 568px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.18%E2%80%AFAM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11986104\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.18%E2%80%AFAM.png\" alt=\"A young boy wearing a blue polo shirt rests his arm against a woman who is out of the frame.\" width=\"568\" height=\"598\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.18 AM.png 568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.18 AM-160x168.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 568px) 100vw, 568px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fabiola Sandoval’s son, Jorge Sanchez, got relief from his asthma thanks to Medi-Cal’s new funding for social services. \u003ccite>(Angela Hart/KFF Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The collaborative has served about 3,650 patients, including Sandoval’s son Jorge, in eight counties since early 2022, he said. It has years of experience with Medi-Cal patients in the Central Valley and has received about $1.5 million of the new initiative’s money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By contrast, CalOptima Health, Orange County’s primary Medi-Cal insurer, is new to offering asthma benefits and has signed up 58 patients so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Asthma services are so difficult to get going” because the nonprofit infrastructure for these services is virtually nonexistent, said Kelly Bruno-Nelson, CalOptima’s executive director for Medi-Cal. “We need more community-based organizations on board because they’re the ones who can serve a population that nobody wants to deal with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Meet basic needs, reduce health care costs down the line\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Newsom, a Democrat in his second term, said his signature health care initiative, \u003ca href=\"https://calaim.dhcs.ca.gov/\">known as CalAIM\u003c/a>, seeks to reduce the cost of caring for the state’s sickest and most vulnerable patients, including homeless Californians, foster children, former inmates, and people battling addiction disorders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to in-home asthma remediation, CalAIM offers \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/CalAIM/Documents/DHCS-Medi-Cal-Community-Supports-Supplemental-Fact-Sheet.pdf\">13 broad categories\u003c/a> of social services, plus a benefit connecting eligible patients with one-on-one care managers to help them obtain anything they need to get healthier, from grocery shopping to finding a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said the goal is to keep people healthier and avoid costly care such as emergency room visits, ultimately saving taxpayer money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 25 managed-care insurance companies participating in Medi-Cal can choose which services they offer and contract with community groups to provide them. Insurers have hammered out about 4,300 large and small contracts with nonprofits and businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, about 103,000 Medi-Cal patients have received CalAIM services, and roughly 160,000 have been assigned personal care managers, \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/collections/a07f998dfefa497fbd7613981e4f6117?item=1\">according to state data\u003c/a>, a sliver of the hundreds of thousands of patients who likely qualify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re all new to health care,” and learning to navigate the bureaucracy “is such a foreign concept,” said Helena Lopez, executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://aghope.org/\">A Greater Hope\u003c/a>, a nonprofit organization providing social services in Riverside and San Bernardino counties, such as handing out baseball cleats to children to help them be active.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11986103\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1288px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10%E2%80%AFAM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11986103\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10%E2%80%AFAM.png\" alt=\"A woman wearing a black dress holds up a vacuum while a woman to her right wearing a mask sits down at the table.\" width=\"1288\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10 AM.png 1288w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10 AM-800x596.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10 AM-1020x760.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10 AM-160x119.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1288px) 100vw, 1288px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fabiola Sandoval (left) has struggled to help her son, Jorge Sanchez, control his asthma since he was an infant. Alondra Mercado (right), a community health worker, secured several items for her, including air filters, cleaning products, pillow and mattress covers, and a specialized vacuum that can suck dust out of the air. California’s Medicaid covered these items. \u003ccite>(Angela Hart/KFF Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Small nonprofits, big start-up costs to get paid by Medicaid\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Tiffany Sickler runs \u003ca href=\"https://www.kfh.org/\">Koinonia Family Services\u003c/a>, which offers California foster children mental health and other types of care, and even helped a patient pay off parking tickets. But the program is struggling on a shoestring budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you want to do this, you have to learn all these new systems” for getting paid through CalAIM, she said. “It’s been a huge learning curve and very time-consuming and frustrating, especially without adequate funding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brandon Richards, a Newsom spokesperson, defended CalAIM, saying it was “on the cutting edge of health care” and that the state was working to increase “awareness of these new services and support.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For nonprofits and businesses, CalAIM is a money-making opportunity — one that top state health officials hope to make permanent. Health insurers, which receive hefty payments from the state to serve more people and offer new services, share a portion with service providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some places, community groups compete with national corporations for new funding, such as Mom’s Meals, an Iowa-based company that delivers prepared meals across the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mom’s Meals has an advantage over neighborhood nonprofit groups because it has long served seniors on Medicare and was able to immediately start offering the CalAIM benefit of home-delivered meals for patients with chronic diseases. But even Mom’s Meals isn’t reaching everyone who qualifies because doctors and patients don’t always know it’s an option, said Catherine Macpherson, the company’s chief nutrition officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Utilization is not as high as it should be yet,” she said. “But we were well positioned because we already had departments to do billing and contracting with health care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Middleman companies also have their eye on the billions of CalAIM dollars and are popping up to assist small organizations going up against established ones like Mom’s Meals. For instance, the New York-based \u003ca href=\"https://nff.org/\">Nonprofit Finance Fund\u003c/a> advises homeless service providers on how to get more contracts and expand benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.fullcirclehn.org/\">Full Circle Health Network\u003c/a>, with 70 member organizations, is helping smaller nonprofit groups develop and deliver services primarily for families and foster children. Full Circle has signed a deal with Kaiser Permanente, allowing the health care giant to access its network of community groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re allowing organizations to launch these benefits much faster than they’ve been able to do and to reach more vulnerable people,” said Camille Schraeder, chief executive of Full Circle. “Many of these are grassroots organizations that have the trust and expertise on the ground, but they’re new to health care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest challenges community groups face is hiring workers, who are key to finding eligible patients and persuading them to participate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kathryn Phillips, a workforce expert at the California Health Care Foundation, said there isn’t enough seed money for community groups to hire workers and pay for new technology platforms. “They bring the trust that is needed, the cultural competency, the diversity of languages,” she said. “But there needs to be more funding and reimbursement to build this workforce.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health insurers said they are trying to increase the workforce. For instance, L.A. Care Health Plan, the largest Medi-Cal insurer in California, has given $66 million to community organizations for hiring and other CalAIM needs, said Sameer Amin, the group’s chief medical officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t have the staffing to do all this stuff, so we’re helping with that all while teaching them how to build up their health care infrastructure,” he said. “Everyone wants a win, but this isn’t going to be successful overnight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Central Valley, Jorge Sanchez is one of the lucky early beneficiaries of CalAIM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His mother credits the trust she established with community health workers, who spent many hours over multiple visits to teach her how to control her son’s asthma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I used to love cleaning with bleach” but learned it can trigger breathing problems, Sandoval said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since she implemented the health workers’ recommendations, Sandoval has been able to let Jorge sleep alone at night for the first time in four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having this program and all the things available is amazing,” Sandoval said, as she pointed to the dirty dust cup in her new vacuum cleaner. “Now my son doesn’t have as many asthma attacks, and he can run around and be a normal kid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was produced by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://kffhealthnews.org/about-us/\">\u003cem>KFF Health News,\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> a national newsroom that produces in-depth journalism about health issues and is one of the core operating programs at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/about-us/\">\u003cem>KFF\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. KFF Health News is the publisher of \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://californiahealthline.org/\">\u003cem>California Healthline\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, an editorially independent service of the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.chcf.org/\">\u003cem>California Health Care Foundation\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "California covers basic services for vulnerable residents, including things like air purifiers for kids with asthma. However, the nonprofits the state contracts with to offer those services are often stymied by the constraints of the larger health care system.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For much of his young life, Jorge Sanchez regularly gasped for air, at times coughing so violently that he’d almost throw up. His mother whisked him to the emergency room late at night and slept with him to make sure he didn’t stop breathing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s had these problems since he was born, and I couldn’t figure out what was triggering his asthma,” Fabiola Sandoval said of her son, Jorge, now 4. “It’s so hard when your child is hurting. I was willing to try anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, community health workers visited Sandoval’s home in Turlock, a city in California’s Central Valley where dust from fruit and nut orchards billows through the air. They scoured Sandoval’s home for hazards and explained that harsh cleaning products, air fresheners, and airborne dust and pesticides can trigger an asthma attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team also provided Sandoval with air purifiers, a special vacuum cleaner that can suck dust out of the air, hypoallergenic mattress covers, and a humidity sensor — goods that retail for hundreds of dollars. Within a few months, Jorge was breathing easier and was able to run and play outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The in-home consultation and supplies were paid for by Medi-Cal, California’s Medicaid health insurance program for low-income residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom is spearheading an ambitious \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/CalAIM/Pages/CalAIM.aspx\">$12 billion experiment\u003c/a> to transform Medi-Cal into both a health insurer and a social services provider, one that relies not only on doctors and nurses but also on community health workers and nonprofit groups that offer dozens of services, including delivering healthy meals and helping \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/11/15/1212913732/should-medicaid-pay-to-help-someone-find-a-home-california-is-trying-it\">homeless people pay for housing\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These groups are redefining health care in California as they compete with businesses for a share of the money and become a new arm of the sprawling Medi-Cal bureaucracy that serves \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/dataandstats/dashboards/Pages/Continuous-Coverage-Eligibility-Unwinding-Dashboard-January2024.aspx\">nearly 15 million\u003c/a> low-income residents on \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/4838#:~:text=The%20Governor's%20budget%20includes%20%2435.9,from%20the%20previous%E2%80%91year%20level.\">an annual budget of $158 billion\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But worker shortages, negotiations with health insurance companies, and complex billing and technology systems have hamstrung the community groups’ ability to deliver the new services: Now into the third year of the ambitious five-year experiment, only a small fraction of eligible patients have received benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is still so new, and everyone is just overwhelmed at this point, so it’s slow-going,” said Kevin Hamilton, a senior director at the Central California Asthma Collaborative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11986104\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 568px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.18%E2%80%AFAM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11986104\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.18%E2%80%AFAM.png\" alt=\"A young boy wearing a blue polo shirt rests his arm against a woman who is out of the frame.\" width=\"568\" height=\"598\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.18 AM.png 568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.18 AM-160x168.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 568px) 100vw, 568px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fabiola Sandoval’s son, Jorge Sanchez, got relief from his asthma thanks to Medi-Cal’s new funding for social services. \u003ccite>(Angela Hart/KFF Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The collaborative has served about 3,650 patients, including Sandoval’s son Jorge, in eight counties since early 2022, he said. It has years of experience with Medi-Cal patients in the Central Valley and has received about $1.5 million of the new initiative’s money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By contrast, CalOptima Health, Orange County’s primary Medi-Cal insurer, is new to offering asthma benefits and has signed up 58 patients so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Asthma services are so difficult to get going” because the nonprofit infrastructure for these services is virtually nonexistent, said Kelly Bruno-Nelson, CalOptima’s executive director for Medi-Cal. “We need more community-based organizations on board because they’re the ones who can serve a population that nobody wants to deal with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Meet basic needs, reduce health care costs down the line\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Newsom, a Democrat in his second term, said his signature health care initiative, \u003ca href=\"https://calaim.dhcs.ca.gov/\">known as CalAIM\u003c/a>, seeks to reduce the cost of caring for the state’s sickest and most vulnerable patients, including homeless Californians, foster children, former inmates, and people battling addiction disorders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to in-home asthma remediation, CalAIM offers \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/CalAIM/Documents/DHCS-Medi-Cal-Community-Supports-Supplemental-Fact-Sheet.pdf\">13 broad categories\u003c/a> of social services, plus a benefit connecting eligible patients with one-on-one care managers to help them obtain anything they need to get healthier, from grocery shopping to finding a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said the goal is to keep people healthier and avoid costly care such as emergency room visits, ultimately saving taxpayer money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 25 managed-care insurance companies participating in Medi-Cal can choose which services they offer and contract with community groups to provide them. Insurers have hammered out about 4,300 large and small contracts with nonprofits and businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, about 103,000 Medi-Cal patients have received CalAIM services, and roughly 160,000 have been assigned personal care managers, \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/collections/a07f998dfefa497fbd7613981e4f6117?item=1\">according to state data\u003c/a>, a sliver of the hundreds of thousands of patients who likely qualify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re all new to health care,” and learning to navigate the bureaucracy “is such a foreign concept,” said Helena Lopez, executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://aghope.org/\">A Greater Hope\u003c/a>, a nonprofit organization providing social services in Riverside and San Bernardino counties, such as handing out baseball cleats to children to help them be active.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11986103\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1288px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10%E2%80%AFAM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11986103\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10%E2%80%AFAM.png\" alt=\"A woman wearing a black dress holds up a vacuum while a woman to her right wearing a mask sits down at the table.\" width=\"1288\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10 AM.png 1288w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10 AM-800x596.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10 AM-1020x760.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10 AM-160x119.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1288px) 100vw, 1288px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fabiola Sandoval (left) has struggled to help her son, Jorge Sanchez, control his asthma since he was an infant. Alondra Mercado (right), a community health worker, secured several items for her, including air filters, cleaning products, pillow and mattress covers, and a specialized vacuum that can suck dust out of the air. California’s Medicaid covered these items. \u003ccite>(Angela Hart/KFF Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Small nonprofits, big start-up costs to get paid by Medicaid\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Tiffany Sickler runs \u003ca href=\"https://www.kfh.org/\">Koinonia Family Services\u003c/a>, which offers California foster children mental health and other types of care, and even helped a patient pay off parking tickets. But the program is struggling on a shoestring budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you want to do this, you have to learn all these new systems” for getting paid through CalAIM, she said. “It’s been a huge learning curve and very time-consuming and frustrating, especially without adequate funding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brandon Richards, a Newsom spokesperson, defended CalAIM, saying it was “on the cutting edge of health care” and that the state was working to increase “awareness of these new services and support.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For nonprofits and businesses, CalAIM is a money-making opportunity — one that top state health officials hope to make permanent. Health insurers, which receive hefty payments from the state to serve more people and offer new services, share a portion with service providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some places, community groups compete with national corporations for new funding, such as Mom’s Meals, an Iowa-based company that delivers prepared meals across the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mom’s Meals has an advantage over neighborhood nonprofit groups because it has long served seniors on Medicare and was able to immediately start offering the CalAIM benefit of home-delivered meals for patients with chronic diseases. But even Mom’s Meals isn’t reaching everyone who qualifies because doctors and patients don’t always know it’s an option, said Catherine Macpherson, the company’s chief nutrition officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Utilization is not as high as it should be yet,” she said. “But we were well positioned because we already had departments to do billing and contracting with health care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Middleman companies also have their eye on the billions of CalAIM dollars and are popping up to assist small organizations going up against established ones like Mom’s Meals. For instance, the New York-based \u003ca href=\"https://nff.org/\">Nonprofit Finance Fund\u003c/a> advises homeless service providers on how to get more contracts and expand benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.fullcirclehn.org/\">Full Circle Health Network\u003c/a>, with 70 member organizations, is helping smaller nonprofit groups develop and deliver services primarily for families and foster children. Full Circle has signed a deal with Kaiser Permanente, allowing the health care giant to access its network of community groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re allowing organizations to launch these benefits much faster than they’ve been able to do and to reach more vulnerable people,” said Camille Schraeder, chief executive of Full Circle. “Many of these are grassroots organizations that have the trust and expertise on the ground, but they’re new to health care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest challenges community groups face is hiring workers, who are key to finding eligible patients and persuading them to participate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kathryn Phillips, a workforce expert at the California Health Care Foundation, said there isn’t enough seed money for community groups to hire workers and pay for new technology platforms. “They bring the trust that is needed, the cultural competency, the diversity of languages,” she said. “But there needs to be more funding and reimbursement to build this workforce.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health insurers said they are trying to increase the workforce. For instance, L.A. Care Health Plan, the largest Medi-Cal insurer in California, has given $66 million to community organizations for hiring and other CalAIM needs, said Sameer Amin, the group’s chief medical officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t have the staffing to do all this stuff, so we’re helping with that all while teaching them how to build up their health care infrastructure,” he said. “Everyone wants a win, but this isn’t going to be successful overnight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Central Valley, Jorge Sanchez is one of the lucky early beneficiaries of CalAIM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His mother credits the trust she established with community health workers, who spent many hours over multiple visits to teach her how to control her son’s asthma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I used to love cleaning with bleach” but learned it can trigger breathing problems, Sandoval said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since she implemented the health workers’ recommendations, Sandoval has been able to let Jorge sleep alone at night for the first time in four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having this program and all the things available is amazing,” Sandoval said, as she pointed to the dirty dust cup in her new vacuum cleaner. “Now my son doesn’t have as many asthma attacks, and he can run around and be a normal kid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was produced by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://kffhealthnews.org/about-us/\">\u003cem>KFF Health News,\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> a national newsroom that produces in-depth journalism about health issues and is one of the core operating programs at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/about-us/\">\u003cem>KFF\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. KFF Health News is the publisher of \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://californiahealthline.org/\">\u003cem>California Healthline\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, an editorially independent service of the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.chcf.org/\">\u003cem>California Health Care Foundation\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "their-batteries-hurt-the-environment-but-evs-still-beat-gas-cars-heres-why",
"title": "Their Batteries Hurt the Environment, but EVs Still Beat Gas Cars. Here's Why",
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"headTitle": "Their Batteries Hurt the Environment, but EVs Still Beat Gas Cars. Here’s Why | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Electric vehicles are sometimes called “zero-emission vehicles.” But the batteries that go into them are not zero-emission at all. In fact, making those batteries takes \u003ca href=\"https://climate.mit.edu/ask-mit/how-much-co2-emitted-manufacturing-batteries\">a lot of (mostly-not-clean) energy \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/interactive/2023/electric-car-batteries-geography/\">hurts the environment in other ways\u003c/a>, a fact that’s become common knowledge after \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/partner-content-audi-nl-the-cost-of-batteries\">widespread \u003c/a>media \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/news/audio/2021/jan/11/the-curse-of-white-oil-electric-vehicles-dirty-secret-podcast\">coverage\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Does that environmental damage cancel out the green benefits of giving up gasoline? Or, as Jennifer Sousie, who owns a Nissan Leaf, put it: “Does the manufacturing and ultimate disposal of the batteries completely negate all the good that the no-emission aspect of my car does?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The answer is no. Here’s why.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Batteries do more harm upfront — then less year after year\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>With all that’s required to mine and process minerals — from giant diesel trucks to fossil-fuel-powered refineries — EV battery production has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kcrw.com/culture/shows/the-anti-dread-climate-podcast/whats-the-downside-of-going-electric\">a significant carbon footprint\u003c/a>. As a result, \u003ca href=\"https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/comparative-life-cycle-greenhouse-gas-emissions-of-a-mid-size-bev-and-ice-vehicle\">building an electric vehicle\u003c/a> does more damage to the climate than building a gas car does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the gas car starts to catch up as soon as it goes its first mile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you look at the climate impact of building \u003cem>and using \u003c/em>a vehicle — something called a “lifecycle analysis” — \u003ca href=\"https://theicct.org/publication/a-global-comparison-of-the-life-cycle-greenhouse-gas-emissions-of-combustion-engine-and-electric-passenger-cars/\">study \u003c/a>after \u003ca href=\"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1875764/\">study\u003c/a> has found a clear benefit to EVs. The size of the benefit varies — by vehicle, the source of the electricity it runs on, and a host of other factors — but the overall trend is obvious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The results were clearer than we thought, actually,” says Georg Bieker, with the International Council on Clean Transportation, who authored one of those reports. (This is the group \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2015/09/24/443053672/how-a-little-lab-in-west-virginia-caught-volkswagens-big-cheat\">that busted Volkswagen\u003c/a> for cheating on its emissions tests. Holding industries accountable for whether they’re actually reducing emissions is the ICCT’s whole \u003cem>thing.\u003c/em>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building a battery is an environmental cost that’s paid once. Burning gasoline is a cost that’s paid again, and again, and again.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Gasoline’s environmental cost is ongoing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Several listeners asked NPR about the negative impacts of mines, beyond carbon emissions. There are several: They disrupt habitats. They pollute with runoff or other waste. And people can suffer in other ways: \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/interactive/2023/ev-mineral-manganese-south-africa/\">worker poisonings\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2023/02/01/1152893248/red-cobalt-congo-drc-mining-siddharth-kara\">child labor\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/lithium-water-mining-indigenous-cb2f5b1580c12f8ba1b19223648069b7\">indigenous communities’ rights violated\u003c/a> and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thea Riofrancos is a political scientist who \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/01/29/1152387283/the-hidden-environmental-costs-of-the-transitioning-to-electric-vehicles\">has sounded the alarm\u003c/a> about these impacts. She’s glad people are asking these questions — which she’d like to see them do for more than just EVs. “The fact that mined products are in basically everything we use should give us pause,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, she says, anybody weighing an EV versus a gas-powered car needs to think just as carefully about the other side of the equation: the cost of relying on fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A traditional car needs mining every day, needs mining every time it’s used. It needs the whole extraction complex of fossil fuels in order to power it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The carbon pollution from burning gasoline and diesel in vehicles is the \u003ca href=\"https://usafacts.org/articles/what-are-the-main-sources-of-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions/\">top contributor to climate change in the U.S\u003c/a>. And there are other costs: Oil spills; funding for corrupt oil-rich regimes; the illnesses and preventable deaths caused by pollution from fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Add it up, she says, and if you’re concerned about all the harms from mining, you’ll still want to choose an EV over a comparable gas car.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>New technology and better practices can reduce EVs’ footprint\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are several ways that manufacturing EVs could become cleaner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public pressure and a shift toward mining in regions with stronger regulations, like the U.S. instead of China, could reduce the harms done in mines. New technology, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.wbur.org/onpoint/2024/03/11/lithium-reserves-boom-mining-elements-energy\">a mining method called “direct lithium extraction,”\u003c/a> could produce minerals with much smaller footprints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Batteries are also changing. A group called Lead the Charge is \u003ca href=\"https://leadthecharge.org/scorecards/\">evaluating automakers\u003c/a> on their efforts to clean up supply chains and source materials ethically; there’s a wide range of ratings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, if you want to avoid cobalt in your battery because of the horrific mining conditions, you could seek out an LFP battery, which is made \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/ev-batteries-lithium-iron-phosphate-narrows-gap-with-nickel-cobalt-2023-06-22/\">without cobalt\u003c/a> – they’re used in vehicles like the Tesla Model 3 and Ford Mach-E. In the future, batteries based on sodium might be an alternative to lithium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And last but not least, battery minerals \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhpr.org/environment/2022-01-26/mass-startup-transforms-old-electric-car-batteries-into-better-than-new-ones\">can be recycled\u003c/a>. This won’t meaningfully reduce the need for mining until huge numbers of EVs on the road have reached the end of their lifespan. But eventually, the same molecules of lithium and nickel could be used for many generations of cars – something that can’t be said for fossil fuels. (Recycling batteries is also important because it addresses environmental concerns about the risks of throwing them out.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11985790\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11985790\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy.jpg\" alt=\"A platform with four wheels sits parked on the side of the road.\" width=\"1300\" height=\"731\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy.jpg 1300w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A battery pack and a GMC Hummer EV stand outside an event in Lansing, Mich., in 2022. Thea Riofrancos says car shoppers concerned about the environmental impacts of mining for batteries can choose a smaller EV, instead of a behemoth like a Hummer, to minimize the harms. \u003ccite>(Jeff Kowalsky/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>What’s best for the planet? Smaller batteries, fewer vehicles\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, for people who want to minimize their impact on the environment today, Riofrancos has some advice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11980088,science_1992222,science_1991185\"]First, ask whether you need a car at all. Riofrancos is a big advocate for bikes and public transit, which have much smaller footprints than an EV. But she also knows first-hand that many parts of the U.S. are not designed for car-free living — after years as a bike commuter, she now lives in Providence, Rhode Island, where that doesn’t work. (She tried.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and her husband recently replaced their vehicle. “I was not going to buy another car that uses gasoline, knowing what I know about the climate,” she says. “But I also have a lot of question marks about EVs, knowing what I know about EV supply chains.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So after careful consideration, she bought an EV. But not just any EV. A used Chevy Bolt, which is a \u003cem>small \u003c/em>EV — smaller batteries require less mining. And since it was used, it was both more affordable and already had more than made up for the impacts of its manufacturing through the gasoline it had saved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Listeners worried about battery mining impacts are asking the right questions, Riofrancos says. And the answers are more complicated than “yes” or “no” to EVs — they might include what kind of EV, what size and type of battery, and whether to buy a car at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, there’s no perfect world out there, but there is better and worse and everything in between,” Riofrancos says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Experts say making the batteries that power electric vehicles is not a zero-emission process and has a significant carbon footprint, but that it's still a better alternative to gasoline vehicles in the long run. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Electric vehicles are sometimes called “zero-emission vehicles.” But the batteries that go into them are not zero-emission at all. In fact, making those batteries takes \u003ca href=\"https://climate.mit.edu/ask-mit/how-much-co2-emitted-manufacturing-batteries\">a lot of (mostly-not-clean) energy \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/interactive/2023/electric-car-batteries-geography/\">hurts the environment in other ways\u003c/a>, a fact that’s become common knowledge after \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/partner-content-audi-nl-the-cost-of-batteries\">widespread \u003c/a>media \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/news/audio/2021/jan/11/the-curse-of-white-oil-electric-vehicles-dirty-secret-podcast\">coverage\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Does that environmental damage cancel out the green benefits of giving up gasoline? Or, as Jennifer Sousie, who owns a Nissan Leaf, put it: “Does the manufacturing and ultimate disposal of the batteries completely negate all the good that the no-emission aspect of my car does?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The answer is no. Here’s why.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Batteries do more harm upfront — then less year after year\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>With all that’s required to mine and process minerals — from giant diesel trucks to fossil-fuel-powered refineries — EV battery production has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kcrw.com/culture/shows/the-anti-dread-climate-podcast/whats-the-downside-of-going-electric\">a significant carbon footprint\u003c/a>. As a result, \u003ca href=\"https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/comparative-life-cycle-greenhouse-gas-emissions-of-a-mid-size-bev-and-ice-vehicle\">building an electric vehicle\u003c/a> does more damage to the climate than building a gas car does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the gas car starts to catch up as soon as it goes its first mile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you look at the climate impact of building \u003cem>and using \u003c/em>a vehicle — something called a “lifecycle analysis” — \u003ca href=\"https://theicct.org/publication/a-global-comparison-of-the-life-cycle-greenhouse-gas-emissions-of-combustion-engine-and-electric-passenger-cars/\">study \u003c/a>after \u003ca href=\"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1875764/\">study\u003c/a> has found a clear benefit to EVs. The size of the benefit varies — by vehicle, the source of the electricity it runs on, and a host of other factors — but the overall trend is obvious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The results were clearer than we thought, actually,” says Georg Bieker, with the International Council on Clean Transportation, who authored one of those reports. (This is the group \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2015/09/24/443053672/how-a-little-lab-in-west-virginia-caught-volkswagens-big-cheat\">that busted Volkswagen\u003c/a> for cheating on its emissions tests. Holding industries accountable for whether they’re actually reducing emissions is the ICCT’s whole \u003cem>thing.\u003c/em>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building a battery is an environmental cost that’s paid once. Burning gasoline is a cost that’s paid again, and again, and again.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Gasoline’s environmental cost is ongoing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Several listeners asked NPR about the negative impacts of mines, beyond carbon emissions. There are several: They disrupt habitats. They pollute with runoff or other waste. And people can suffer in other ways: \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/interactive/2023/ev-mineral-manganese-south-africa/\">worker poisonings\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2023/02/01/1152893248/red-cobalt-congo-drc-mining-siddharth-kara\">child labor\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/lithium-water-mining-indigenous-cb2f5b1580c12f8ba1b19223648069b7\">indigenous communities’ rights violated\u003c/a> and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thea Riofrancos is a political scientist who \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/01/29/1152387283/the-hidden-environmental-costs-of-the-transitioning-to-electric-vehicles\">has sounded the alarm\u003c/a> about these impacts. She’s glad people are asking these questions — which she’d like to see them do for more than just EVs. “The fact that mined products are in basically everything we use should give us pause,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, she says, anybody weighing an EV versus a gas-powered car needs to think just as carefully about the other side of the equation: the cost of relying on fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A traditional car needs mining every day, needs mining every time it’s used. It needs the whole extraction complex of fossil fuels in order to power it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The carbon pollution from burning gasoline and diesel in vehicles is the \u003ca href=\"https://usafacts.org/articles/what-are-the-main-sources-of-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions/\">top contributor to climate change in the U.S\u003c/a>. And there are other costs: Oil spills; funding for corrupt oil-rich regimes; the illnesses and preventable deaths caused by pollution from fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Add it up, she says, and if you’re concerned about all the harms from mining, you’ll still want to choose an EV over a comparable gas car.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>New technology and better practices can reduce EVs’ footprint\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are several ways that manufacturing EVs could become cleaner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public pressure and a shift toward mining in regions with stronger regulations, like the U.S. instead of China, could reduce the harms done in mines. New technology, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.wbur.org/onpoint/2024/03/11/lithium-reserves-boom-mining-elements-energy\">a mining method called “direct lithium extraction,”\u003c/a> could produce minerals with much smaller footprints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Batteries are also changing. A group called Lead the Charge is \u003ca href=\"https://leadthecharge.org/scorecards/\">evaluating automakers\u003c/a> on their efforts to clean up supply chains and source materials ethically; there’s a wide range of ratings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, if you want to avoid cobalt in your battery because of the horrific mining conditions, you could seek out an LFP battery, which is made \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/ev-batteries-lithium-iron-phosphate-narrows-gap-with-nickel-cobalt-2023-06-22/\">without cobalt\u003c/a> – they’re used in vehicles like the Tesla Model 3 and Ford Mach-E. In the future, batteries based on sodium might be an alternative to lithium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And last but not least, battery minerals \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhpr.org/environment/2022-01-26/mass-startup-transforms-old-electric-car-batteries-into-better-than-new-ones\">can be recycled\u003c/a>. This won’t meaningfully reduce the need for mining until huge numbers of EVs on the road have reached the end of their lifespan. But eventually, the same molecules of lithium and nickel could be used for many generations of cars – something that can’t be said for fossil fuels. (Recycling batteries is also important because it addresses environmental concerns about the risks of throwing them out.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11985790\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11985790\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy.jpg\" alt=\"A platform with four wheels sits parked on the side of the road.\" width=\"1300\" height=\"731\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy.jpg 1300w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A battery pack and a GMC Hummer EV stand outside an event in Lansing, Mich., in 2022. Thea Riofrancos says car shoppers concerned about the environmental impacts of mining for batteries can choose a smaller EV, instead of a behemoth like a Hummer, to minimize the harms. \u003ccite>(Jeff Kowalsky/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>What’s best for the planet? Smaller batteries, fewer vehicles\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, for people who want to minimize their impact on the environment today, Riofrancos has some advice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>First, ask whether you need a car at all. Riofrancos is a big advocate for bikes and public transit, which have much smaller footprints than an EV. But she also knows first-hand that many parts of the U.S. are not designed for car-free living — after years as a bike commuter, she now lives in Providence, Rhode Island, where that doesn’t work. (She tried.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and her husband recently replaced their vehicle. “I was not going to buy another car that uses gasoline, knowing what I know about the climate,” she says. “But I also have a lot of question marks about EVs, knowing what I know about EV supply chains.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So after careful consideration, she bought an EV. But not just any EV. A used Chevy Bolt, which is a \u003cem>small \u003c/em>EV — smaller batteries require less mining. And since it was used, it was both more affordable and already had more than made up for the impacts of its manufacturing through the gasoline it had saved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Listeners worried about battery mining impacts are asking the right questions, Riofrancos says. And the answers are more complicated than “yes” or “no” to EVs — they might include what kind of EV, what size and type of battery, and whether to buy a car at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, there’s no perfect world out there, but there is better and worse and everything in between,” Riofrancos says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Violence Erupts at UCLA as Protests Over Israel’s War in Gaza Escalate Across the US",
"headTitle": "Violence Erupts at UCLA as Protests Over Israel’s War in Gaza Escalate Across the US | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Violence erupted at UCLA on Tuesday night after pro-Israel demonstrators attempted to forcibly dismantle an encampment of dozens of tents set up by pro-Palestinian protesters who have been camping on the school’s Dickson Plaza, a central green space on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Protesters in the encampment fought intermittently with the group, which ranged from 100 to more than 200 counterprotesters, witnesses said. People set off fireworks — and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MrOlmos/status/1785600611326763059\">journalists\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/C6bDyoiL_AA/\">protest organizers\u003c/a> said pepper spray or other irritants were used — before police were able to get the situation under control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The violence unfolding this evening at UCLA is absolutely abhorrent and inexcusable,” Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass said in a \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MayorOfLA/status/1785591832321151196\">post\u003c/a> on X, formerly Twitter, at 1:47 a.m. on Wednesday. “LAPD has arrived on campus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/MrOlmos/status/1785600611326763059\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The confrontation quickly became a flashpoint among dozens of university protests against the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/1205445976/middle-east-crisis\">Israel-Hamas war in Gaza\u003c/a> that have broken out on campuses across the U.S. A high-profile protest at Columbia University in New York was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/05/01/1248401802/columbia-university-protests-new-york\">shut down Tuesday night\u003c/a> after police entered a school building occupied by pro-Palestinian protesters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCLA canceled classes on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Governor calls delay in calming violence ‘unacceptable’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As news of the violence spread, so did questions about why administrators and police weren’t able to prevent it or mitigate it more quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The limited and delayed campus law enforcement response at UCLA last night was unacceptable, and it demands answers,” Gov. Gavin Newsom’s office \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/GovPressOffice/status/1785726609947046387\">said in a statement\u003c/a>, adding that the state “immediately deployed CHP personnel” once it became clear they were needed. The governor also condemned the violence that played out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hours before the confrontation, UCLA Chancellor Gene Block \u003ca href=\"https://chancellor.ucla.edu/messages/affirming-our-values-in-a-challenging-time/\">issued a statement\u003c/a> that said his administration had “taken several immediate actions,” including significantly boosting security by “adding greater numbers of law enforcement officers, safety personnel and student affairs mitigators.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/news/ucla-calls-in-police-after-violent-clashes-between-protest-groups-on-campus-violence-overnight-at-ucla-as-pro-israeli-counter-protesters\">member station LAist reports\u003c/a>, UCLA said on Wednesday that Block’s request for the city to send in police got “an immediate response.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But media reports from the campus describe an hours-long delay between the first clashes erupting and police intervening. Student newspaper, the \u003cem>Daily Bruin,\u003c/em> accused the school of \u003ca href=\"https://dailybruin.com/2024/05/01/editorial-ucla-is-complicit-in-violence-inflicted-upon-protesters-failed-to-protect-students\">failing to protect students\u003c/a> on its campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fireworks, tear gas and fights broke out just after 10:50 p.m. Tuesday night,” \u003ca href=\"https://dailybruin.com/2024/05/01/pro-israel-counter-protesters-attempt-to-storm-encampment-sparking-violence\">the newspaper reported\u003c/a>. It added that the school issued a statement at 12:40 a.m. saying it had called police. Police arrived slightly after 1 a.m., the paper said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was apparently another delay: After the LAPD and California Highway Patrol officers reached the campus, they moved to separate and disperse the groups around 3 a.m., according to \u003ca href=\"https://abc7.com/clashes-break-out-at-ucla-amid-dueling-demonstrations-between-pro-palestinian-and-pro-israeli-protesters/14749246/\">local TV station ABC 7\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Colleges are tearing down protest encampments\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pro-Palestinian tent camps have been popping up on college campuses around the country — and now, so are reports that universities are taking action against them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the organizers of the UCLA encampment, many other campus protesters said their chief demand is for their university systems to disclose all financial ties with Israel-based groups and divest from companies that do business there.[aside label=\"related coverage\"tag=\"gaza\"]Police moved against a pro-Palestinian encampment in Madison, Wisconsin, shortly after 7 a.m. local time Wednesday morning, resulting in at least 12 arrests and several injuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A student showed reporters a gash he said came from being stuck by a police shield, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.wpr.org/news/police-remove-tents-at-uw-madisons-pro-palestinian-encampment\">Wisconsin Public Radio\u003c/a>. Campus police said four officers were hurt, including a state trooper who was hit in the head by a protester’s skateboard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But two hours later, Madison protesters began setting up a new encampment with at least 15 tents. Leaders of the demonstration held trainings on how to resist further arrests and made plans for a march and rally for Wednesday afternoon,” WPR reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Tulane University, in New Orleans, on the last day of classes for most students, campus, city and state police officers converged on an encampment — an operation that student newspaper \u003ca href=\"https://tulanehullabaloo.com/66187/news/tulane-arrests-14-protesters-clears-pro-palestinian-encampment/\">\u003cem>The Tulane Hullabaloo\u003c/em>\u003c/a> said began before dawn on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"gaza\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 14 protesters were arrested, including two students, \u003ca href=\"https://news.tulane.edu/statements\">Tulane announced\u003c/a>. Earlier, the school had announced six arrests on Monday — including one student — and said it had suspended at least seven students for participating in what the university said was an “unlawful demonstration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the University of Arizona in Tucson, violent conflicts played out in and around campus in the early hours of Wednesday after police tore down an encampment near the school’s north Main Gate Square.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Around 2:00 a.m., law enforcement officers in gas masks and riot gear stormed a pro-Palestinian encampment on the University of Arizona campus,” reports \u003ca href=\"https://news.azpm.org/p/azpmnews/2024/5/1/220108-law-enforcement-storms-encampment-on-university-of-arizona-campus/\">Arizona Public Media\u003c/a>, which adds that hundreds of protest supporters were in the area and that the move came after a 10:30 p.m. deadline for protesters to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police made at least four arrests, AZPM reports, adding that people on the street heard a warning of “police deploying chemical irritant munitions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>UCLA’s buffer zone was overrun\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Images from the scene at the UCLA campus showed a large crowd of pro-Israel protesters pulling at metal barricades and wooden pallets the pro-Palestinian group had erected around their encampment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to calling for divestment, the UCLA protests are meant to show solidarity with people in Gaza. The Israel-Hamas war has killed more than 34,000 Palestinians, according to the Gaza Ministry of Health, while Israel said some 1,200 Israelis were killed by Hamas in an assault last October. Israel said Hamas is still holding \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/04/25/1247095103/a-hostage-video-is-out-of-one-of-the-americans-being-held-by-hamas-in-gaza\">133 hostages\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A crowd of counterprotesters had initially gathered near the Palestine Solidarity Encampment on Tuesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the evening wore on, members of the group “began wrestling with protesters inside and [private campus] security hired by UCLA,” according to the \u003cem>Daily Bruin.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From there, the violence continued to escalate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were 15 reported injuries, including one hospitalization, according to a spokesperson from the UC Office of the President, who said the office was ordering “an independent external review of both UCLA’s planning and actions, and the effectiveness of the mutual aid response.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The clash erupted days after the Israeli-American Council, an advocacy group, mounted a \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2024-04-28/gaza-ucla-usc-protests\">competing demonstration on Dickson Plaza\u003c/a>, adjacent to the encampment. Despite heightened tensions, that large rally on April 28 ended without major clashes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Images of that Israeli-American Council-organized event showed \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=827292792768622&set=a.479373187560586\">two large groups separated by a buffer zone\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Tuesday night, the buffer zone was overrun.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>NYPD clear protesters from Columbia University building\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Police ousted pro-Palestinian protesters at Columbia University from Hamilton Hall on Tuesday night — a school building they had been occupying since Monday. The New York Police Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/05/01/1248401802/columbia-university-protests-new-york\">mounted a large operation to remove the protesters\u003c/a>, using an armored vehicle and a mechanized drawbridge to convey officers into the building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Approximately 300 people were arrested,” New York Mayor Eric Adams \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PrgF3iOxS1U\">said on Wednesday\u003c/a>. That figure includes people who were on the Columbia University campus, as well as others arrested at City College — an institution in the City University of New York system that was a destination for a crowd of demonstrators who marched from Columbia University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adams stressed that the police operation took place at Columbia’s request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We went in and conducted an operation to allow Columbia University to remove those who have turned the peaceful protest into a place where antisemitism and anti-Israel attitudes were pervasive,” Adams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also reiterated that his administration believes many of the protests are led by “outside agitators” who are not students or otherwise a part of the college community. When asked to specify how many of the arrested demonstrators were unaffiliated with the university, Adams said the police are still sorting through records to determine that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Violence erupted at UCLA on Tuesday night after pro-Israel demonstrators attempted to forcibly dismantle an encampment of dozens of tents set up by pro-Palestinian protesters who have been camping on the school’s Dickson Plaza, a central green space on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Protesters in the encampment fought intermittently with the group, which ranged from 100 to more than 200 counterprotesters, witnesses said. People set off fireworks — and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MrOlmos/status/1785600611326763059\">journalists\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/C6bDyoiL_AA/\">protest organizers\u003c/a> said pepper spray or other irritants were used — before police were able to get the situation under control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The violence unfolding this evening at UCLA is absolutely abhorrent and inexcusable,” Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass said in a \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MayorOfLA/status/1785591832321151196\">post\u003c/a> on X, formerly Twitter, at 1:47 a.m. on Wednesday. “LAPD has arrived on campus.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>The confrontation quickly became a flashpoint among dozens of university protests against the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/1205445976/middle-east-crisis\">Israel-Hamas war in Gaza\u003c/a> that have broken out on campuses across the U.S. A high-profile protest at Columbia University in New York was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/05/01/1248401802/columbia-university-protests-new-york\">shut down Tuesday night\u003c/a> after police entered a school building occupied by pro-Palestinian protesters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCLA canceled classes on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Governor calls delay in calming violence ‘unacceptable’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As news of the violence spread, so did questions about why administrators and police weren’t able to prevent it or mitigate it more quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The limited and delayed campus law enforcement response at UCLA last night was unacceptable, and it demands answers,” Gov. Gavin Newsom’s office \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/GovPressOffice/status/1785726609947046387\">said in a statement\u003c/a>, adding that the state “immediately deployed CHP personnel” once it became clear they were needed. The governor also condemned the violence that played out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hours before the confrontation, UCLA Chancellor Gene Block \u003ca href=\"https://chancellor.ucla.edu/messages/affirming-our-values-in-a-challenging-time/\">issued a statement\u003c/a> that said his administration had “taken several immediate actions,” including significantly boosting security by “adding greater numbers of law enforcement officers, safety personnel and student affairs mitigators.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/news/ucla-calls-in-police-after-violent-clashes-between-protest-groups-on-campus-violence-overnight-at-ucla-as-pro-israeli-counter-protesters\">member station LAist reports\u003c/a>, UCLA said on Wednesday that Block’s request for the city to send in police got “an immediate response.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But media reports from the campus describe an hours-long delay between the first clashes erupting and police intervening. Student newspaper, the \u003cem>Daily Bruin,\u003c/em> accused the school of \u003ca href=\"https://dailybruin.com/2024/05/01/editorial-ucla-is-complicit-in-violence-inflicted-upon-protesters-failed-to-protect-students\">failing to protect students\u003c/a> on its campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fireworks, tear gas and fights broke out just after 10:50 p.m. Tuesday night,” \u003ca href=\"https://dailybruin.com/2024/05/01/pro-israel-counter-protesters-attempt-to-storm-encampment-sparking-violence\">the newspaper reported\u003c/a>. It added that the school issued a statement at 12:40 a.m. saying it had called police. Police arrived slightly after 1 a.m., the paper said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was apparently another delay: After the LAPD and California Highway Patrol officers reached the campus, they moved to separate and disperse the groups around 3 a.m., according to \u003ca href=\"https://abc7.com/clashes-break-out-at-ucla-amid-dueling-demonstrations-between-pro-palestinian-and-pro-israeli-protesters/14749246/\">local TV station ABC 7\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Colleges are tearing down protest encampments\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pro-Palestinian tent camps have been popping up on college campuses around the country — and now, so are reports that universities are taking action against them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the organizers of the UCLA encampment, many other campus protesters said their chief demand is for their university systems to disclose all financial ties with Israel-based groups and divest from companies that do business there.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Police moved against a pro-Palestinian encampment in Madison, Wisconsin, shortly after 7 a.m. local time Wednesday morning, resulting in at least 12 arrests and several injuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A student showed reporters a gash he said came from being stuck by a police shield, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.wpr.org/news/police-remove-tents-at-uw-madisons-pro-palestinian-encampment\">Wisconsin Public Radio\u003c/a>. Campus police said four officers were hurt, including a state trooper who was hit in the head by a protester’s skateboard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But two hours later, Madison protesters began setting up a new encampment with at least 15 tents. Leaders of the demonstration held trainings on how to resist further arrests and made plans for a march and rally for Wednesday afternoon,” WPR reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Tulane University, in New Orleans, on the last day of classes for most students, campus, city and state police officers converged on an encampment — an operation that student newspaper \u003ca href=\"https://tulanehullabaloo.com/66187/news/tulane-arrests-14-protesters-clears-pro-palestinian-encampment/\">\u003cem>The Tulane Hullabaloo\u003c/em>\u003c/a> said began before dawn on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 14 protesters were arrested, including two students, \u003ca href=\"https://news.tulane.edu/statements\">Tulane announced\u003c/a>. Earlier, the school had announced six arrests on Monday — including one student — and said it had suspended at least seven students for participating in what the university said was an “unlawful demonstration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the University of Arizona in Tucson, violent conflicts played out in and around campus in the early hours of Wednesday after police tore down an encampment near the school’s north Main Gate Square.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Around 2:00 a.m., law enforcement officers in gas masks and riot gear stormed a pro-Palestinian encampment on the University of Arizona campus,” reports \u003ca href=\"https://news.azpm.org/p/azpmnews/2024/5/1/220108-law-enforcement-storms-encampment-on-university-of-arizona-campus/\">Arizona Public Media\u003c/a>, which adds that hundreds of protest supporters were in the area and that the move came after a 10:30 p.m. deadline for protesters to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police made at least four arrests, AZPM reports, adding that people on the street heard a warning of “police deploying chemical irritant munitions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>UCLA’s buffer zone was overrun\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Images from the scene at the UCLA campus showed a large crowd of pro-Israel protesters pulling at metal barricades and wooden pallets the pro-Palestinian group had erected around their encampment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to calling for divestment, the UCLA protests are meant to show solidarity with people in Gaza. The Israel-Hamas war has killed more than 34,000 Palestinians, according to the Gaza Ministry of Health, while Israel said some 1,200 Israelis were killed by Hamas in an assault last October. Israel said Hamas is still holding \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/04/25/1247095103/a-hostage-video-is-out-of-one-of-the-americans-being-held-by-hamas-in-gaza\">133 hostages\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A crowd of counterprotesters had initially gathered near the Palestine Solidarity Encampment on Tuesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the evening wore on, members of the group “began wrestling with protesters inside and [private campus] security hired by UCLA,” according to the \u003cem>Daily Bruin.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From there, the violence continued to escalate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were 15 reported injuries, including one hospitalization, according to a spokesperson from the UC Office of the President, who said the office was ordering “an independent external review of both UCLA’s planning and actions, and the effectiveness of the mutual aid response.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The clash erupted days after the Israeli-American Council, an advocacy group, mounted a \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2024-04-28/gaza-ucla-usc-protests\">competing demonstration on Dickson Plaza\u003c/a>, adjacent to the encampment. Despite heightened tensions, that large rally on April 28 ended without major clashes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Images of that Israeli-American Council-organized event showed \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=827292792768622&set=a.479373187560586\">two large groups separated by a buffer zone\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Tuesday night, the buffer zone was overrun.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>NYPD clear protesters from Columbia University building\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Police ousted pro-Palestinian protesters at Columbia University from Hamilton Hall on Tuesday night — a school building they had been occupying since Monday. The New York Police Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/05/01/1248401802/columbia-university-protests-new-york\">mounted a large operation to remove the protesters\u003c/a>, using an armored vehicle and a mechanized drawbridge to convey officers into the building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Approximately 300 people were arrested,” New York Mayor Eric Adams \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PrgF3iOxS1U\">said on Wednesday\u003c/a>. That figure includes people who were on the Columbia University campus, as well as others arrested at City College — an institution in the City University of New York system that was a destination for a crowd of demonstrators who marched from Columbia University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adams stressed that the police operation took place at Columbia’s request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We went in and conducted an operation to allow Columbia University to remove those who have turned the peaceful protest into a place where antisemitism and anti-Israel attitudes were pervasive,” Adams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also reiterated that his administration believes many of the protests are led by “outside agitators” who are not students or otherwise a part of the college community. When asked to specify how many of the arrested demonstrators were unaffiliated with the university, Adams said the police are still sorting through records to determine that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California Gov. Gavin Newsom said the state is working on emergency legislation that would allow doctors from Arizona to come to California to provide abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement comes days after the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/04/09/1243679136/arizona-abortion-court-decision-ban\">Arizona Supreme Court ruled\u003c/a> that the state should follow a law from the 1860s that outlaws abortions in all cases except when the pregnant person’s life is in danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom, a Democrat, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/GavinNewsom/status/1782157977069428900\">said Sunday\u003c/a> during an appearance on MSNBC’s \u003cem>Inside with Jen Psaki\u003c/em> that California is in a position to help those who are set to lose the ability to have an abortion in neighboring Arizona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think really we need to start focusing on making the kind of progress that’s needed,” Newsom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Newsom spokesperson Brandon Richards told NPR via email that the administration was working closely with the California legislature on the proposal and also coordinating with the offices of Arizona Gov. Katie Hobbs and Arizona Attorney General Kris Mayes, both of whom are Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Arizona AG Kris Mayes identified a need to expedite the ability for Arizona abortion providers to continue to provide care to Arizonans as a way to support patients in their state seeking abortion care in California,” Richards said. “We are responding to this call and will have more details to share in the coming days.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Arizona Supreme Court justices stayed enforcement of their April 9 ruling for 14 days and possibly longer, permitting abortions to continue for now.[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='abortion-ban']Since the U.S. Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/24/1102305878/supreme-court-abortion-roe-v-wade-decision-overturn\">reversed \u003cem>Roe v. Wade\u003c/em>\u003c/a> in 2022 and eliminated the constitutional right to an abortion, a number of more conservative states have been limiting or banning the procedure, while other states \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/23/1183646356/dobbs-roe-abortion-protections-illinois-maryland-michigan-colorado-minnesota\">have taken steps to protect\u003c/a> reproductive rights, including California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the weekend, Newsom also \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/GavinNewsom/status/1782082600368283715\">debuted a new TV ad\u003c/a> through his Campaign for Democracy PAC that depicts a fictional scene of two women being pulled over by a police officer and asked to take a pregnancy test just before they can drive out of state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://act.gavinnewsom.com/signup/right_to_travel/\">According to the PAC\u003c/a>, lawmakers in Alabama, Tennessee and Oklahoma have introduced legislation to bar minors from traveling out of state to get an abortion without parental consent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three states have among the “most restrictive” laws against abortion, \u003ca href=\"https://states.guttmacher.org/policies/\">according to the Guttmacher Institute\u003c/a>, a research group that supports abortion rights and tracks abortion laws across the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Alabama’s abortion ban has no exceptions for rape or incest. Now, Republicans are trying to criminalize young women’s travel to receive abortion care,” Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/GavinNewsom/status/1782082600368283715\">said in a post on X\u003c/a>. “We cannot let them get away with this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, a federal judge \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/idaho-abortion-trafficking-travel-ban-270a403d7b4a5e99e566433556614728\">temporarily blocked\u003c/a> an Idaho law that was intended to prevent minors from going out of state to obtain abortions without parental consent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California Gov. Gavin Newsom said the state is working on emergency legislation that would allow doctors from Arizona to come to California to provide abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement comes days after the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/04/09/1243679136/arizona-abortion-court-decision-ban\">Arizona Supreme Court ruled\u003c/a> that the state should follow a law from the 1860s that outlaws abortions in all cases except when the pregnant person’s life is in danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom, a Democrat, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/GavinNewsom/status/1782157977069428900\">said Sunday\u003c/a> during an appearance on MSNBC’s \u003cem>Inside with Jen Psaki\u003c/em> that California is in a position to help those who are set to lose the ability to have an abortion in neighboring Arizona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think really we need to start focusing on making the kind of progress that’s needed,” Newsom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Newsom spokesperson Brandon Richards told NPR via email that the administration was working closely with the California legislature on the proposal and also coordinating with the offices of Arizona Gov. Katie Hobbs and Arizona Attorney General Kris Mayes, both of whom are Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Arizona AG Kris Mayes identified a need to expedite the ability for Arizona abortion providers to continue to provide care to Arizonans as a way to support patients in their state seeking abortion care in California,” Richards said. “We are responding to this call and will have more details to share in the coming days.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Arizona Supreme Court justices stayed enforcement of their April 9 ruling for 14 days and possibly longer, permitting abortions to continue for now.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Since the U.S. Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/24/1102305878/supreme-court-abortion-roe-v-wade-decision-overturn\">reversed \u003cem>Roe v. Wade\u003c/em>\u003c/a> in 2022 and eliminated the constitutional right to an abortion, a number of more conservative states have been limiting or banning the procedure, while other states \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/23/1183646356/dobbs-roe-abortion-protections-illinois-maryland-michigan-colorado-minnesota\">have taken steps to protect\u003c/a> reproductive rights, including California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the weekend, Newsom also \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/GavinNewsom/status/1782082600368283715\">debuted a new TV ad\u003c/a> through his Campaign for Democracy PAC that depicts a fictional scene of two women being pulled over by a police officer and asked to take a pregnancy test just before they can drive out of state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://act.gavinnewsom.com/signup/right_to_travel/\">According to the PAC\u003c/a>, lawmakers in Alabama, Tennessee and Oklahoma have introduced legislation to bar minors from traveling out of state to get an abortion without parental consent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three states have among the “most restrictive” laws against abortion, \u003ca href=\"https://states.guttmacher.org/policies/\">according to the Guttmacher Institute\u003c/a>, a research group that supports abortion rights and tracks abortion laws across the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Alabama’s abortion ban has no exceptions for rape or incest. Now, Republicans are trying to criminalize young women’s travel to receive abortion care,” Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/GavinNewsom/status/1782082600368283715\">said in a post on X\u003c/a>. “We cannot let them get away with this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, a federal judge \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/idaho-abortion-trafficking-travel-ban-270a403d7b4a5e99e566433556614728\">temporarily blocked\u003c/a> an Idaho law that was intended to prevent minors from going out of state to obtain abortions without parental consent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Google Worker Says the Company Is 'Silencing Our Voices' After Dozens Are Fired",
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"content": "\u003cp>The first time Zelda Montes heard about Google’s Project Nimbus was about six months ago, even though she had worked at the company since 2022. The project is a $1.2 billion contract to supply Israel with cloud computing services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As someone who’s opposed to the war in Gaza, Montes says she was shocked. This comes at a time when tension over the Israeli conflict is simmering across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that speaks volumes to just how little people at work actually know about this contract,” Montes says, who worked as a software engineer at YouTube, which Google owns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montes immediately joined a Google employee group called No Tech for Apartheid, which had been organizing around Project Nimbus since 2021. Their goal is for Google to drop its contract with the Israeli government. She says the group has raised its concerns with Google’s leadership, spoke in company town halls and set up tables in Google’s offices with fliers about Project Nimbus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, she says, “Google was quite literally silencing our voices in the workplace and not allowing for any kind of worker dissent to be expressed around the project.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, on Tuesday, the group went one step further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They staged \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NoTechApartheid/status/1780278895058518468\">sit-in protests\u003c/a> in Google’s offices in Silicon Valley, New York City and Seattle — more than 100 protesters showed up. A day later, Google fired Montes and 27 other employees who were part of the No Tech for Apartheid group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is one of the largest mass firings in the tech industry, and it comes as many Silicon Valley companies work with Israel. Some employees say they aren’t comfortable with that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers at Amazon and Facebook parent Meta have also \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2023/10/22/google-amazon-meta-gaza-israel-contracts/\">clashed with their employers\u003c/a> over \u003ca href=\"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/meta-employee-calls-toxic-rules-160852658.html\">speaking out against the war\u003c/a>. Last month, Google \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2024/03/08/google-fires-employee-who-protested-israel-tech-event-shuts-forum.html\">fired another software engineer\u003c/a> who protested at an Israeli tech event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Google spokesperson told NPR in an email when asked about Tuesday’s protesters, “physically impeding other employees’ work and preventing them from accessing our facilities is a clear violation of our policies and completely unacceptable behavior. After refusing multiple requests to leave the premises, law enforcement was engaged to remove them to ensure office safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Project Nimbus and cloud computing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Google, in partnership with Amazon, \u003ca href=\"https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/inside-google-cloud/google-cloud-selected-to-provide-cloud-services-to-the-state-of-israel\">started contracting\u003c/a> with the Israeli government on Project Nimbus in 2021. Last week, \u003cem>Time\u003c/em> magazine \u003ca href=\"https://time.com/6966102/google-contract-israel-defense-ministry-gaza-war/\">obtained an internal company document\u003c/a> that showed Israel’s Ministry of Defense contracted with Google as recently as last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Google spokesperson says its cloud services support several governments around the world, including Israel. Project Nimbus is for government ministries, the spokesperson says, and “this work is not directed at highly sensitive, classified, or military workloads relevant to weapons or intelligence services.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The No Tech for Apartheid group says that without clarity on the project, it’s still unclear how the technology is being used in Israel. They say they fear it could be used in the war in Gaza and be weaponized against Palestinian civilians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Workers have the right to know how their labor is being used and to have a say in ensuring the technology they build is not used for harm,” the group says in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Worker arrests and firings\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Around noon on the day of the sit-in, Montes says she and other protesters at Google’s New York office unfurled a 15-foot banner down an open staircase that read: “No tech for genocide.” (Israel rejects claims of genocide, saying it’s fighting in self-defense.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They sat around and played the card game Uno until Google security approached them. Montes says they were then told to leave or else they’d be arrested, but it wasn’t until about eight hours later that the police arrived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 100 protesters showed up. A day later, Google fired Montes and 27 other employees who were part of the No Tech for Apartheid group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is one of the largest mass firings in the tech industry, and it comes as many Silicon Valley companies work with Israel. Some employees say they aren’t comfortable with that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers at Amazon and Facebook parent Meta have also \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2023/10/22/google-amazon-meta-gaza-israel-contracts/\">clashed with their employers\u003c/a> over \u003ca href=\"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/meta-employee-calls-toxic-rules-160852658.html\">speaking out against the war\u003c/a>. Last month, Google \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2024/03/08/google-fires-employee-who-protested-israel-tech-event-shuts-forum.html\">fired another software engineer\u003c/a> who had protested at an Israeli tech event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a lot of weird energy because we kept thinking like, ‘Are they going to call the cops already?'” Montes says, recounting the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the time the police showed up, it was nighttime, and most everyone was gone from the office. They handcuffed four protesters who refused to leave the building, including Montes, walked them to a freight elevator and down into the garage, where a police van was waiting. The group spent about three and a half hours in jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11971467,news_11969898,news_11983333\"]In all, nine protesters were arrested in California and New York. It wasn’t until the following evening that Google began to fire workers. Montes says she was placed on administrative leave at first but then got an email saying she was terminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The email says she had “violated Google’s code of conduct” and “policy on harassment, discrimination and retaliation” during the events on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several of the Google employees who were fired didn’t participate in the protests this week, according to No Tech for Apartheid. Google’s spokesperson says the company has been investigating employees individually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have so far concluded individual investigations that resulted in the termination of employment for 28 employees and will continue to investigate and take action as needed,” the spokesperson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montes says the firings are a fear tactic that won’t work. “Workers are agitated, and we’re organized,” she says, and even though she’s been fired, “we’ll keep organizing until this project is dropped.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The first time Zelda Montes heard about Google’s Project Nimbus was about six months ago, even though she had worked at the company since 2022. The project is a $1.2 billion contract to supply Israel with cloud computing services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As someone who’s opposed to the war in Gaza, Montes says she was shocked. This comes at a time when tension over the Israeli conflict is simmering across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that speaks volumes to just how little people at work actually know about this contract,” Montes says, who worked as a software engineer at YouTube, which Google owns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montes immediately joined a Google employee group called No Tech for Apartheid, which had been organizing around Project Nimbus since 2021. Their goal is for Google to drop its contract with the Israeli government. She says the group has raised its concerns with Google’s leadership, spoke in company town halls and set up tables in Google’s offices with fliers about Project Nimbus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, she says, “Google was quite literally silencing our voices in the workplace and not allowing for any kind of worker dissent to be expressed around the project.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, on Tuesday, the group went one step further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They staged \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NoTechApartheid/status/1780278895058518468\">sit-in protests\u003c/a> in Google’s offices in Silicon Valley, New York City and Seattle — more than 100 protesters showed up. A day later, Google fired Montes and 27 other employees who were part of the No Tech for Apartheid group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is one of the largest mass firings in the tech industry, and it comes as many Silicon Valley companies work with Israel. Some employees say they aren’t comfortable with that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers at Amazon and Facebook parent Meta have also \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2023/10/22/google-amazon-meta-gaza-israel-contracts/\">clashed with their employers\u003c/a> over \u003ca href=\"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/meta-employee-calls-toxic-rules-160852658.html\">speaking out against the war\u003c/a>. Last month, Google \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2024/03/08/google-fires-employee-who-protested-israel-tech-event-shuts-forum.html\">fired another software engineer\u003c/a> who protested at an Israeli tech event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Google spokesperson told NPR in an email when asked about Tuesday’s protesters, “physically impeding other employees’ work and preventing them from accessing our facilities is a clear violation of our policies and completely unacceptable behavior. After refusing multiple requests to leave the premises, law enforcement was engaged to remove them to ensure office safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Project Nimbus and cloud computing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Google, in partnership with Amazon, \u003ca href=\"https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/inside-google-cloud/google-cloud-selected-to-provide-cloud-services-to-the-state-of-israel\">started contracting\u003c/a> with the Israeli government on Project Nimbus in 2021. Last week, \u003cem>Time\u003c/em> magazine \u003ca href=\"https://time.com/6966102/google-contract-israel-defense-ministry-gaza-war/\">obtained an internal company document\u003c/a> that showed Israel’s Ministry of Defense contracted with Google as recently as last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Google spokesperson says its cloud services support several governments around the world, including Israel. Project Nimbus is for government ministries, the spokesperson says, and “this work is not directed at highly sensitive, classified, or military workloads relevant to weapons or intelligence services.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The No Tech for Apartheid group says that without clarity on the project, it’s still unclear how the technology is being used in Israel. They say they fear it could be used in the war in Gaza and be weaponized against Palestinian civilians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Workers have the right to know how their labor is being used and to have a say in ensuring the technology they build is not used for harm,” the group says in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Worker arrests and firings\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Around noon on the day of the sit-in, Montes says she and other protesters at Google’s New York office unfurled a 15-foot banner down an open staircase that read: “No tech for genocide.” (Israel rejects claims of genocide, saying it’s fighting in self-defense.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They sat around and played the card game Uno until Google security approached them. Montes says they were then told to leave or else they’d be arrested, but it wasn’t until about eight hours later that the police arrived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 100 protesters showed up. A day later, Google fired Montes and 27 other employees who were part of the No Tech for Apartheid group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is one of the largest mass firings in the tech industry, and it comes as many Silicon Valley companies work with Israel. Some employees say they aren’t comfortable with that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers at Amazon and Facebook parent Meta have also \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2023/10/22/google-amazon-meta-gaza-israel-contracts/\">clashed with their employers\u003c/a> over \u003ca href=\"https://finance.yahoo.com/news/meta-employee-calls-toxic-rules-160852658.html\">speaking out against the war\u003c/a>. Last month, Google \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2024/03/08/google-fires-employee-who-protested-israel-tech-event-shuts-forum.html\">fired another software engineer\u003c/a> who had protested at an Israeli tech event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a lot of weird energy because we kept thinking like, ‘Are they going to call the cops already?'” Montes says, recounting the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the time the police showed up, it was nighttime, and most everyone was gone from the office. They handcuffed four protesters who refused to leave the building, including Montes, walked them to a freight elevator and down into the garage, where a police van was waiting. The group spent about three and a half hours in jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In all, nine protesters were arrested in California and New York. It wasn’t until the following evening that Google began to fire workers. Montes says she was placed on administrative leave at first but then got an email saying she was terminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The email says she had “violated Google’s code of conduct” and “policy on harassment, discrimination and retaliation” during the events on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several of the Google employees who were fired didn’t participate in the protests this week, according to No Tech for Apartheid. Google’s spokesperson says the company has been investigating employees individually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have so far concluded individual investigations that resulted in the termination of employment for 28 employees and will continue to investigate and take action as needed,” the spokesperson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montes says the firings are a fear tactic that won’t work. “Workers are agitated, and we’re organized,” she says, and even though she’s been fired, “we’ll keep organizing until this project is dropped.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Tax Day 2024: From Credits to Extensions, What to Know About Filing",
"headTitle": "Tax Day 2024: From Credits to Extensions, What to Know About Filing | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>For something that’s legally required, taxes can be tough to figure out. The U.S. system is complicated — and unfortunately, most of us never learned how to do our taxes in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deadline to file your taxes this year is April 15. But it helps to get started as soon as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this guide from Life Kit, we share six expert tips you should know about filing your taxes — from what steps to take as the deadline approaches to whether hiring a tax preparer is worth it.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. You don’t have to pay to file your taxes\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One free option: \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/tax-forms-and-publications\">Download your tax forms from the IRS website\u003c/a>, read the instructions, fill everything out and submit them by mail or online. That’s easier if someone like a parent has walked you through it before or if you have a simple tax situation, like one job in one state for the entire year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11980776 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/GettyImages-1941725396_qut-1020x680.jpg']If your tax situation is more complex, there’s free online software you can use. If your adjusted gross income is $79,000 or less, you qualify for a program called IRS Free File. \u003ca href=\"https://apps.irs.gov/app/freeFile\">Find out more\u003c/a> at the IRS website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you don’t qualify, you can still get deals on online tax software, says Akeiva Ellis, a certified financial planner and the cofounder of \u003ca href=\"https://www.thebemusedtv.com/\">The Bemused\u003c/a>. She uses a service called Free Tax USA, which charges $14.99 per state and is free for the federal return.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. Consider tagging in a professional\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Another option is to go to an accountant or tax preparer. That might make sense if you’re doing your taxes for the first time or have had a major life change — like getting married or starting a new business. It may also make sense if you want to do some tax planning for the year ahead, says \u003ca href=\"https://aparnesscpa.com/\">Andrea Parness\u003c/a>, a CPA and certified tax coach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re looking for a pro, start by asking friends and family for referrals, she says. And then interview the person. Prepare questions for them: Will they be giving you tax advice or just filling out the forms and submitting them? Will you have an appointment? And what happens if they make a mistake?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>3. Gather your documents\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/things-to-remember-when-filing-a-2023-tax-return\">IRS has a list \u003c/a>of documents you might need. Tax preparers can give you one, too. Some common examples are W2 forms, which your employers send you by mail; student loan interest forms; bank interest forms; and any receipts for things you plan to take as a tax credit or deduction, like medical expenses or charitable donations.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. Look into tax credits and deductions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Both are benefits that save you money on taxes. A tax credit lowers your final tax bill; it comes off the top of what you owe. A tax deduction, on the other hand, “reduces the amount of income you have to pay tax on,” Ellis says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To figure out which credits and deductions you’re eligible for, look at \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/credits-and-deductions\">the IRS \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/credits-and-deductions\">website\u003c/a>. If you use software, it’ll prompt you with questions to help figure this out. So will tax preparers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But do your research. “You certainly always want to be able to educate yourself and not just depend on someone else asking you, ‘Hey, did you buy a new car? Did you do this? Did you put your kid in daycare?’ … Everybody runs their practice differently, and not everybody asks those questions,” Parness says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>5. You can file an extension — but you still have to pay\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you think you won’t make the April 15 deadline this year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/extension-of-time-to-file-your-tax-return\">file an extension\u003c/a> with the IRS online. Then, you’ll have until mid-October to file the forms. But if you owe money, you still need to estimate how much and pay it now, or you might get penalized later.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>6. Plan ahead for next year\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Think about what went wrong on your tax return this year. For instance, did you end up owing a ton of money? Did you get a huge refund? That often means you gave the federal government an interest-free loan. You can make changes now so that doesn’t happen next year. For instance, “ask your employer for a W-4 form so you can properly tell them how much taxes to take out of your check,” Ellis says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, look out for tax credits, deductions or rebates that you’re newly eligible for. A little planning and research now could lower your next tax bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to Life Kit on\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://n.pr/3LdRb0X\">\u003cem> Apple Podcasts\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://n.pr/3K3xVln\">\u003cem> Spotify\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, or sign up for our\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://n.pr/3xN1tB9\">\u003cem> newsletter\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For something that’s legally required, taxes can be tough to figure out. The U.S. system is complicated — and unfortunately, most of us never learned how to do our taxes in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deadline to file your taxes this year is April 15. But it helps to get started as soon as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this guide from Life Kit, we share six expert tips you should know about filing your taxes — from what steps to take as the deadline approaches to whether hiring a tax preparer is worth it.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. You don’t have to pay to file your taxes\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One free option: \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/tax-forms-and-publications\">Download your tax forms from the IRS website\u003c/a>, read the instructions, fill everything out and submit them by mail or online. That’s easier if someone like a parent has walked you through it before or if you have a simple tax situation, like one job in one state for the entire year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>If your tax situation is more complex, there’s free online software you can use. If your adjusted gross income is $79,000 or less, you qualify for a program called IRS Free File. \u003ca href=\"https://apps.irs.gov/app/freeFile\">Find out more\u003c/a> at the IRS website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you don’t qualify, you can still get deals on online tax software, says Akeiva Ellis, a certified financial planner and the cofounder of \u003ca href=\"https://www.thebemusedtv.com/\">The Bemused\u003c/a>. She uses a service called Free Tax USA, which charges $14.99 per state and is free for the federal return.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. Consider tagging in a professional\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Another option is to go to an accountant or tax preparer. That might make sense if you’re doing your taxes for the first time or have had a major life change — like getting married or starting a new business. It may also make sense if you want to do some tax planning for the year ahead, says \u003ca href=\"https://aparnesscpa.com/\">Andrea Parness\u003c/a>, a CPA and certified tax coach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re looking for a pro, start by asking friends and family for referrals, she says. And then interview the person. Prepare questions for them: Will they be giving you tax advice or just filling out the forms and submitting them? Will you have an appointment? And what happens if they make a mistake?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>3. Gather your documents\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/things-to-remember-when-filing-a-2023-tax-return\">IRS has a list \u003c/a>of documents you might need. Tax preparers can give you one, too. Some common examples are W2 forms, which your employers send you by mail; student loan interest forms; bank interest forms; and any receipts for things you plan to take as a tax credit or deduction, like medical expenses or charitable donations.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. Look into tax credits and deductions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Both are benefits that save you money on taxes. A tax credit lowers your final tax bill; it comes off the top of what you owe. A tax deduction, on the other hand, “reduces the amount of income you have to pay tax on,” Ellis says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To figure out which credits and deductions you’re eligible for, look at \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/credits-and-deductions\">the IRS \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/credits-and-deductions\">website\u003c/a>. If you use software, it’ll prompt you with questions to help figure this out. So will tax preparers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But do your research. “You certainly always want to be able to educate yourself and not just depend on someone else asking you, ‘Hey, did you buy a new car? Did you do this? Did you put your kid in daycare?’ … Everybody runs their practice differently, and not everybody asks those questions,” Parness says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>5. You can file an extension — but you still have to pay\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you think you won’t make the April 15 deadline this year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/extension-of-time-to-file-your-tax-return\">file an extension\u003c/a> with the IRS online. Then, you’ll have until mid-October to file the forms. But if you owe money, you still need to estimate how much and pay it now, or you might get penalized later.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>6. Plan ahead for next year\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Think about what went wrong on your tax return this year. For instance, did you end up owing a ton of money? Did you get a huge refund? That often means you gave the federal government an interest-free loan. You can make changes now so that doesn’t happen next year. For instance, “ask your employer for a W-4 form so you can properly tell them how much taxes to take out of your check,” Ellis says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, look out for tax credits, deductions or rebates that you’re newly eligible for. A little planning and research now could lower your next tax bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to Life Kit on\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://n.pr/3LdRb0X\">\u003cem> Apple Podcasts\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://n.pr/3K3xVln\">\u003cem> Spotify\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, or sign up for our\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://n.pr/3xN1tB9\">\u003cem> newsletter\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "how-millions-of-borrowers-could-benefit-from-bidens-student-debt-relief-plans",
"title": "How Millions of Borrowers Could Benefit From Biden's Student Debt Relief Plans",
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"headTitle": "How Millions of Borrowers Could Benefit From Biden’s Student Debt Relief Plans | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Biden administration unveiled a new set of plans on Monday that would eliminate student debt for millions of Americans. The administration says that, if fully implemented, it would bring the number of borrowers who’ve seen some or all of their debt forgiven during the president’s term to more than 30 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new plan, aiming to supplant an earlier version that was\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/30/1176839127/supreme-court-student-loan-forgiveness-decision\"> rejected by the U.S. Supreme Court in June\u003c/a>, offers targeted relief to specific groups of borrowers, notably those who’ve carried debt for many years, and those struggling to make payments. And many borrowers, regardless of income, could see relief from high interest balances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11969190,news_11963857,news_11959751\" label=\"Related Stories\"]U.S. Education Secretary Miguel Cardona said the new proposals will fulfill a promise the president made while a candidate in 2020. The relief offered, he added, will mean “breathing room” for many borrowers. “It means freedom from feeling like your student loan bills compete with basic needs like grocery or health care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement spelled out efforts aimed at four groups of borrowers: those who owe more money than they did at the start of their repayment, borrowers who started paying more than 20 years ago, those already eligible for existing loan forgiveness or discharge programs but haven’t yet applied, and borrowers facing economic hardship.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Addressing ‘runaway interest’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>More than 25 million borrowers, the administration said, owe more in student loans now than they took out originally, due to what Cardona called “runaway interest.” The first element of the new plan would allow any borrower, regardless of their income, to cancel up to $20,000 in interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, low- and middle-income borrowers who are enrolled in an income-driven repayment plan would have all of their interest forgiven. This group of borrowers includes single borrowers earning $120,000 or less a year, and married borrowers who make $240,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the plans go through as proposed, there would be no application necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration estimates that this proposal would forgive some interest balances for 25 million borrowers, with 23 million receiving full forgiveness on their interest. Currently, about\u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/data-center/student/portfolio\"> 43 million Americans have some form of student loan debt. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Automatic discharge for eligible borrowers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Since Biden took office, several student loan programs have been revamped or re-negotiated to help ease borrowers’ debt, though many still require borrowers to apply. (The programs can be dense, but NPR has previously reported on these programs and how to navigate them: including \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/01/12/1224265472/student-loan-forgiveness-save-plan#:~:text=SAVE%20is%20the%20most%20forgiving%20repayment%20plan%20yet%20(literally)&text=The%20SAVE%20plan%20exempts%20more,afford%20to%20pay%20each%20month.\">the SAVE program\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/10/26/1131461940/student-loan-forgiveness-pslf\">public service loan forgiveness, \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/02/1101424651/corinthian-colleges-student-loan-forgiveness\">closed schools discharge\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the administration noted in its announcement, not every borrower who qualifies for these programs has applied, with more than 2 million eligible borrowers who have not done so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the proposed plan, qualifying borrowers would no longer have to enroll to receive forgiveness. The Education Department plans to use use data it already has to identify those borrowers, and automatically credit their accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Relief for long-time borrowers and those experiencing hardship\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The new proposals would also help long-term borrowers. According to the Education Department, more than 2.5 million borrowers have carried student loan debt for more than two decades. Under the plan, borrowers carrying undergraduate debt would qualify for forgiveness if they started repayment on or before July 1, 2005. Borrowers with graduate school debt would qualify if they started repayment on or before the same date in 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In keeping with the theme of these announcements, borrowers would not need to be enrolled in any plan to qualify. The relief would be automatic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A separate component would help those experiencing economic hardship. Some of this relief would be also happen automatically — for example, if a borrower is at a high risk of defaulting on their student loans. Other relief would require an application. The administration says borrowers who are struggling with medical debt or child care could apply for this program, if it is implemented.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A new legal foothold for sweeping debt relief\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration has made multiple attempts at discharging student loan debt since taking office. Perhaps most notably in 2022: \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/08/24/1118879917/student-loan-forgiveness-biden\">The president announced widespread relief of up to $20,000 for qualifying borrowers. \u003c/a>Millions of borrowers filled out the form to opt-in to the program, but the project was put on hold due to legal challenges. The Supreme Court struck down that plan in June of 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new approach has been in the works for some time, as the Education Department has been undergoing what’s called “negotiated rule-making” to develop a new avenue for debt relief since the original plan was overturned in June. They’ve been hearing from stakeholders, advocates, and critics in advance of this announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s expected the new proposals will take some time before eligible borrowers can begin to see their debt eliminated. The Education Department must gather public comment on the proposal before issuing a final version of its plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan will likely face legal challenges as well, though though the rulemaking process may put this effort on stronger legal ground than the first debt-relief plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Biden+seeks+student+debt+relief+for+millions&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Biden administration unveiled a new set of plans on Monday that would eliminate student debt for millions of Americans. The administration says that, if fully implemented, it would bring the number of borrowers who’ve seen some or all of their debt forgiven during the president’s term to more than 30 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new plan, aiming to supplant an earlier version that was\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/30/1176839127/supreme-court-student-loan-forgiveness-decision\"> rejected by the U.S. Supreme Court in June\u003c/a>, offers targeted relief to specific groups of borrowers, notably those who’ve carried debt for many years, and those struggling to make payments. And many borrowers, regardless of income, could see relief from high interest balances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>U.S. Education Secretary Miguel Cardona said the new proposals will fulfill a promise the president made while a candidate in 2020. The relief offered, he added, will mean “breathing room” for many borrowers. “It means freedom from feeling like your student loan bills compete with basic needs like grocery or health care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement spelled out efforts aimed at four groups of borrowers: those who owe more money than they did at the start of their repayment, borrowers who started paying more than 20 years ago, those already eligible for existing loan forgiveness or discharge programs but haven’t yet applied, and borrowers facing economic hardship.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Addressing ‘runaway interest’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>More than 25 million borrowers, the administration said, owe more in student loans now than they took out originally, due to what Cardona called “runaway interest.” The first element of the new plan would allow any borrower, regardless of their income, to cancel up to $20,000 in interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, low- and middle-income borrowers who are enrolled in an income-driven repayment plan would have all of their interest forgiven. This group of borrowers includes single borrowers earning $120,000 or less a year, and married borrowers who make $240,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the plans go through as proposed, there would be no application necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration estimates that this proposal would forgive some interest balances for 25 million borrowers, with 23 million receiving full forgiveness on their interest. Currently, about\u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/data-center/student/portfolio\"> 43 million Americans have some form of student loan debt. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Automatic discharge for eligible borrowers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Since Biden took office, several student loan programs have been revamped or re-negotiated to help ease borrowers’ debt, though many still require borrowers to apply. (The programs can be dense, but NPR has previously reported on these programs and how to navigate them: including \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/01/12/1224265472/student-loan-forgiveness-save-plan#:~:text=SAVE%20is%20the%20most%20forgiving%20repayment%20plan%20yet%20(literally)&text=The%20SAVE%20plan%20exempts%20more,afford%20to%20pay%20each%20month.\">the SAVE program\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/10/26/1131461940/student-loan-forgiveness-pslf\">public service loan forgiveness, \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/02/1101424651/corinthian-colleges-student-loan-forgiveness\">closed schools discharge\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the administration noted in its announcement, not every borrower who qualifies for these programs has applied, with more than 2 million eligible borrowers who have not done so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the proposed plan, qualifying borrowers would no longer have to enroll to receive forgiveness. The Education Department plans to use use data it already has to identify those borrowers, and automatically credit their accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Relief for long-time borrowers and those experiencing hardship\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The new proposals would also help long-term borrowers. According to the Education Department, more than 2.5 million borrowers have carried student loan debt for more than two decades. Under the plan, borrowers carrying undergraduate debt would qualify for forgiveness if they started repayment on or before July 1, 2005. Borrowers with graduate school debt would qualify if they started repayment on or before the same date in 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In keeping with the theme of these announcements, borrowers would not need to be enrolled in any plan to qualify. The relief would be automatic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A separate component would help those experiencing economic hardship. Some of this relief would be also happen automatically — for example, if a borrower is at a high risk of defaulting on their student loans. Other relief would require an application. The administration says borrowers who are struggling with medical debt or child care could apply for this program, if it is implemented.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A new legal foothold for sweeping debt relief\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration has made multiple attempts at discharging student loan debt since taking office. Perhaps most notably in 2022: \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/08/24/1118879917/student-loan-forgiveness-biden\">The president announced widespread relief of up to $20,000 for qualifying borrowers. \u003c/a>Millions of borrowers filled out the form to opt-in to the program, but the project was put on hold due to legal challenges. The Supreme Court struck down that plan in June of 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new approach has been in the works for some time, as the Education Department has been undergoing what’s called “negotiated rule-making” to develop a new avenue for debt relief since the original plan was overturned in June. They’ve been hearing from stakeholders, advocates, and critics in advance of this announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s expected the new proposals will take some time before eligible borrowers can begin to see their debt eliminated. The Education Department must gather public comment on the proposal before issuing a final version of its plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan will likely face legal challenges as well, though though the rulemaking process may put this effort on stronger legal ground than the first debt-relief plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Biden+seeks+student+debt+relief+for+millions&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Despite Legalization, Black Market Cannabis Flourishes in California",
"headTitle": "Despite Legalization, Black Market Cannabis Flourishes in California | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>A funny thing happened on the way to cannabis legalization: Illegal pot is still big business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the decade since the first states \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/01/01/1222405951/colorado-legalized-recreational-pot-10-years-ago-heres-how-the-industry-has-grow?ft=nprml&f=1222405951\">legalized recreational marijuana\u003c/a>, about \u003ca href=\"https://norml.org/laws/legalization/\">half the country\u003c/a> has moved to allow adults to buy regulated pot from authorized sources. But in some states, that’s been more theory than practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In New York, which legalized marijuana in 2021, retail sales are dominated by ubiquitous illegal “smoke shops,” while the state struggles to license legitimate ones. Governor Kathy Hochul has called the transition “a disaster,” and has \u003ca href=\"https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-hochul-stands-legal-cannabis-retailers-announce-steps-forward-shutting-down-illicit\">pledged to crack down\u003c/a> on the illegal sellers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Tiffanie Perrault, postdoctoral researcher, McGill University\"]‘You remove risk — because you know, it’s legal — so you have more consumers. And at the same time, your black market is going to react strategically by adjusting prices and levels of quality.’[/pullquote]In Maine, the congressional delegation last summer \u003ca href=\"https://www.king.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/maine-delegation-urges-doj-to-shut-down-foreign-owned-illegally-operated-marijuana-businesses\">asked the Justice Department for help\u003c/a> in combatting illegal cannabis producers, who outnumber the state’s licensed operations and are believed to be funded in part by Chinese investors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in California, where voters approved recreational pot in 2016, state officials readily acknowledge the industry still operates mostly in the shadows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The black market is very pervasive and it’s definitely larger than the legal market,” says Bill Jones, the head of enforcement for the state’s Department of Cannabis Control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is the biggest example of the unfulfilled promise of a legitimate cannabis market. Some entrepreneurs blame high taxes and start-up costs for licensed producers and retailers. Smaller operators often have trouble getting access to capital, as the continued federal prohibition on the marijuana business makes it virtually impossible for them to tap into traditional financial services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones, however, focuses on what law enforcement did — or rather, what it didn’t do — in the first few years after the vote to allow a licensed weed industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most jurisdictions — local jurisdictions — police or sheriff’s departments and district attorney’s offices, were very reluctant to do any kind of enforcement on cannabis,” he says. “It really created an air of impunity, and the unlicensed activity really skyrocketed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Washington state, by contrast, maintained law enforcement pressure on illegal marijuana after voters legalized pot in 2012, which gave the new licensed industry time to establish itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11982175\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20240305_npr_cannabis_12_custom-c3f90ddbc39855881a3715371424575854cdf3ee-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11982175\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20240305_npr_cannabis_12_custom-c3f90ddbc39855881a3715371424575854cdf3ee-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Two people stand on the street across from multiple vehicles, palm trees and people.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1701\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20240305_npr_cannabis_12_custom-c3f90ddbc39855881a3715371424575854cdf3ee-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20240305_npr_cannabis_12_custom-c3f90ddbc39855881a3715371424575854cdf3ee-800x531.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20240305_npr_cannabis_12_custom-c3f90ddbc39855881a3715371424575854cdf3ee-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20240305_npr_cannabis_12_custom-c3f90ddbc39855881a3715371424575854cdf3ee-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20240305_npr_cannabis_12_custom-c3f90ddbc39855881a3715371424575854cdf3ee-1536x1020.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20240305_npr_cannabis_12_custom-c3f90ddbc39855881a3715371424575854cdf3ee-2048x1361.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20240305_npr_cannabis_12_custom-c3f90ddbc39855881a3715371424575854cdf3ee-1920x1276.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Passersby watch as California Department of Cannabis Control detectives, with support of Long Beach law enforcement, serve a search warrant on an unlicensed dispensary in Long Beach, Los Angeles County, on March 5, 2024. Like many unlicensed cannabis stores, this one is unmarked and still has signage from a previous business. \u003ccite>(Alisha Jucevic/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In California, the DCC is now trying to close the gap. It gathers anonymous tips about unlicensed cannabis stores, which operate semi-openly out of storefronts that aren’t hard to identify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’ll occupy buildings [where] the business itself has moved or is out of business,” says Wilson Linares, the DCC’s head of enforcement for the Los Angeles area. His officers and local police recently raided a shabby storefront in Long Beach. The sign reads “Flores Cabinets,” but inside they find cannabis edibles for sale, as well as loose marijuana flowers, sold in jars — a practice called “deli style,” prohibited under California’s cannabis regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11974578,news_11971594,news_11981277\" label=\"Related Stories\"]Linares says some of the unlicensed stores are identified with the green cross emblem, borrowed from the medical marijuana movement that predated recreational stores. Another clue, though, is the level of security. The ostensible cabinet store in Long Beach has a heavy metal door and security grates over mirrored windows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the biggest things that you can see is the cameras. The building itself is old but the cameras are new. That’s a pretty good indicator for us,” Linares says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These raids have ramped up in the last couple of years, especially in Los Angeles. Some of the unlicensed retailers have shifted toward delivery services. But the penalty for getting caught selling unlicensed marijuana is relatively light — usually a $500 fine, unless the person has broken other laws — and Linares says his officers find themselves raiding the same storefronts over and over again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These places don’t pay taxes, it doesn’t help provide services for the people who live around here,” Linares says. “And the individuals who run these places, they’re often not the best,” he says. “Gangs and organized crime.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This doesn’t come as much of a surprise to an economist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The black market becomes more competitive,” says Tiffanie Perrault, a postdoctoral researcher at McGill University in Montreal who studies cannabis markets. She says it’s understandable why illegal marijuana expanded in California after legalization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You remove risk — because you know, it’s legal — so you have more consumers,” she says. “And at the same time, your black market is going to react strategically by adjusting prices and levels of quality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The black market in California also benefits from the restrictions on the licensed competitors, such as the fact that only about \u003ca href=\"https://cannabis.ca.gov/cannabis-laws/where-cannabis-businesses-are-allowed/\">40% of local jurisdictions in California permit cannabis stores\u003c/a>. That leaves the other 60% to the retailers who don’t wait for official approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California cannabis buyers are often unaware of — or indifferent to — the legality of the product they buy, but they do notice prices. Depending on the jurisdiction,\u003ca href=\"https://www.kcrw.com/news/shows/kcrw-features/this-week-in-weed-cannabis-taxes-la\"> taxes on licensed pot can reach 38%\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I got a disposable and some edibles,” says Camerin Remmington as he exits an authorized store on the edge of town in Riverside. “It’s almost 60 bucks for two items. It’s a little more expensive here!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says he appreciates the fact that the licensed products are tested for quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know it is what it is,” he says. “You can’t go wrong with it!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with cannabis, legality for its own sake is not a concern for Remmington. He volunteers that he grew it illegally on his land in the high desert during the post-legalization boom a couple of years ago. He says it made money, until police showed up a year and a half ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We got ticketed for it, for having a couple of processed plants, but they didn’t catch the bulk of anything,” he says. When he showed up for his court date, the case appeared to be a low priority. “They didn’t even know who we were!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11982179\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/img_0024_custom-606ba73284b3b8a55f10dd72004217821ab8da69-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11982179\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/img_0024_custom-606ba73284b3b8a55f10dd72004217821ab8da69-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A man dressed in tactical police combat gear looks at bags of cannabis in the trunk of a vehicle.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1926\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/img_0024_custom-606ba73284b3b8a55f10dd72004217821ab8da69-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/img_0024_custom-606ba73284b3b8a55f10dd72004217821ab8da69-800x602.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/img_0024_custom-606ba73284b3b8a55f10dd72004217821ab8da69-1020x767.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/img_0024_custom-606ba73284b3b8a55f10dd72004217821ab8da69-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/img_0024_custom-606ba73284b3b8a55f10dd72004217821ab8da69-1536x1156.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/img_0024_custom-606ba73284b3b8a55f10dd72004217821ab8da69-2048x1541.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/img_0024_custom-606ba73284b3b8a55f10dd72004217821ab8da69-1920x1444.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Riverside County Sheriff Department Sgt. Jeremy Parsons collects cannabis clippings and firearms from an unlicensed greenhouse in Perris. \u003ccite>(Martin Kaste/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Those raids are still happening in rural Riverside County. On a Tuesday morning, the sheriff’s department’s Marijuana Enforcement Team leads a ten-vehicle convoy through the outskirts of the town of Perris. They’re following up on a tip about a house hidden at the end of a private drive. The operation commander, Sgt. Jeremy Parsons, comes out to the main road to report that it is, indeed, an illegal grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we went up to the house we could smell marijuana. We found a greenhouse in the backyard which contained a few hundred small marijuana plants,” he says. They also found guns, and they run the names of two people on the site to see if either one is a felon, and not allowed to have a firearm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s not a lot of criminal consequences [for illegally growing marijuana],” Parsons says. But the strategy here is to try to charge growers with other crimes — that’s why the convoy of vehicles was so long, as it included people from California Fish and Wildlife, the local water board and even code inspectors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s what we’re charging these people with: water contamination, pesticides that are illegal, the fertilizers that are illegal. That’s where we’re getting people,” says Riverside Sheriff Chad Bianco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for Bianco, the bigger issue is legalization itself. He’s against it, because he believes it encourages the illegal pot farms in the hills of Riverside County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It made it worse. One hundred percent, it made it worse,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A big problem, as he sees it, is exports. California has become a major exporter to states where marijuana is still illegal — and fetches a higher price — \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/iso/opa/resources/3052013829132756857467.pdf\">despite the warning from the Justice Department (PDF)\u003c/a> back when legalization got started that the states that legalize pot should make sure to keep it inside their borders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bianco says the marijuana gold rush has attracted Mexican drug cartels and Asian human smuggling rings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, we’ve had multiple, multiple homicides, we’ve had multiple kidnappings, we’ve had multiple reports of human trafficking and rapes and the punishments that go with not doing your job — and it’s all related to this,” Bianco says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back at the DCC, Bill Jones says he thinks legalization was, as he puts it, “imperative,” but he also believes it should be possible eventually to curb the black market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s doable. But it’s going to take a lot of resources and consistent enforcement over years to get our arms around this,” Jones says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Black+market+cannabis+thrives+in+California+despite+legalization&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Marijuana legalization was expected to bring the industry out of the shadows. But in some states, the black market is alive and well.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A funny thing happened on the way to cannabis legalization: Illegal pot is still big business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the decade since the first states \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/01/01/1222405951/colorado-legalized-recreational-pot-10-years-ago-heres-how-the-industry-has-grow?ft=nprml&f=1222405951\">legalized recreational marijuana\u003c/a>, about \u003ca href=\"https://norml.org/laws/legalization/\">half the country\u003c/a> has moved to allow adults to buy regulated pot from authorized sources. But in some states, that’s been more theory than practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In New York, which legalized marijuana in 2021, retail sales are dominated by ubiquitous illegal “smoke shops,” while the state struggles to license legitimate ones. Governor Kathy Hochul has called the transition “a disaster,” and has \u003ca href=\"https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-hochul-stands-legal-cannabis-retailers-announce-steps-forward-shutting-down-illicit\">pledged to crack down\u003c/a> on the illegal sellers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘You remove risk — because you know, it’s legal — so you have more consumers. And at the same time, your black market is going to react strategically by adjusting prices and levels of quality.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In Maine, the congressional delegation last summer \u003ca href=\"https://www.king.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/maine-delegation-urges-doj-to-shut-down-foreign-owned-illegally-operated-marijuana-businesses\">asked the Justice Department for help\u003c/a> in combatting illegal cannabis producers, who outnumber the state’s licensed operations and are believed to be funded in part by Chinese investors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in California, where voters approved recreational pot in 2016, state officials readily acknowledge the industry still operates mostly in the shadows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The black market is very pervasive and it’s definitely larger than the legal market,” says Bill Jones, the head of enforcement for the state’s Department of Cannabis Control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is the biggest example of the unfulfilled promise of a legitimate cannabis market. Some entrepreneurs blame high taxes and start-up costs for licensed producers and retailers. Smaller operators often have trouble getting access to capital, as the continued federal prohibition on the marijuana business makes it virtually impossible for them to tap into traditional financial services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones, however, focuses on what law enforcement did — or rather, what it didn’t do — in the first few years after the vote to allow a licensed weed industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most jurisdictions — local jurisdictions — police or sheriff’s departments and district attorney’s offices, were very reluctant to do any kind of enforcement on cannabis,” he says. “It really created an air of impunity, and the unlicensed activity really skyrocketed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Washington state, by contrast, maintained law enforcement pressure on illegal marijuana after voters legalized pot in 2012, which gave the new licensed industry time to establish itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11982175\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20240305_npr_cannabis_12_custom-c3f90ddbc39855881a3715371424575854cdf3ee-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11982175\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20240305_npr_cannabis_12_custom-c3f90ddbc39855881a3715371424575854cdf3ee-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Two people stand on the street across from multiple vehicles, palm trees and people.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1701\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20240305_npr_cannabis_12_custom-c3f90ddbc39855881a3715371424575854cdf3ee-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20240305_npr_cannabis_12_custom-c3f90ddbc39855881a3715371424575854cdf3ee-800x531.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20240305_npr_cannabis_12_custom-c3f90ddbc39855881a3715371424575854cdf3ee-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20240305_npr_cannabis_12_custom-c3f90ddbc39855881a3715371424575854cdf3ee-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20240305_npr_cannabis_12_custom-c3f90ddbc39855881a3715371424575854cdf3ee-1536x1020.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20240305_npr_cannabis_12_custom-c3f90ddbc39855881a3715371424575854cdf3ee-2048x1361.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20240305_npr_cannabis_12_custom-c3f90ddbc39855881a3715371424575854cdf3ee-1920x1276.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Passersby watch as California Department of Cannabis Control detectives, with support of Long Beach law enforcement, serve a search warrant on an unlicensed dispensary in Long Beach, Los Angeles County, on March 5, 2024. Like many unlicensed cannabis stores, this one is unmarked and still has signage from a previous business. \u003ccite>(Alisha Jucevic/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In California, the DCC is now trying to close the gap. It gathers anonymous tips about unlicensed cannabis stores, which operate semi-openly out of storefronts that aren’t hard to identify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’ll occupy buildings [where] the business itself has moved or is out of business,” says Wilson Linares, the DCC’s head of enforcement for the Los Angeles area. His officers and local police recently raided a shabby storefront in Long Beach. The sign reads “Flores Cabinets,” but inside they find cannabis edibles for sale, as well as loose marijuana flowers, sold in jars — a practice called “deli style,” prohibited under California’s cannabis regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Linares says some of the unlicensed stores are identified with the green cross emblem, borrowed from the medical marijuana movement that predated recreational stores. Another clue, though, is the level of security. The ostensible cabinet store in Long Beach has a heavy metal door and security grates over mirrored windows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the biggest things that you can see is the cameras. The building itself is old but the cameras are new. That’s a pretty good indicator for us,” Linares says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These raids have ramped up in the last couple of years, especially in Los Angeles. Some of the unlicensed retailers have shifted toward delivery services. But the penalty for getting caught selling unlicensed marijuana is relatively light — usually a $500 fine, unless the person has broken other laws — and Linares says his officers find themselves raiding the same storefronts over and over again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These places don’t pay taxes, it doesn’t help provide services for the people who live around here,” Linares says. “And the individuals who run these places, they’re often not the best,” he says. “Gangs and organized crime.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This doesn’t come as much of a surprise to an economist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The black market becomes more competitive,” says Tiffanie Perrault, a postdoctoral researcher at McGill University in Montreal who studies cannabis markets. She says it’s understandable why illegal marijuana expanded in California after legalization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You remove risk — because you know, it’s legal — so you have more consumers,” she says. “And at the same time, your black market is going to react strategically by adjusting prices and levels of quality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The black market in California also benefits from the restrictions on the licensed competitors, such as the fact that only about \u003ca href=\"https://cannabis.ca.gov/cannabis-laws/where-cannabis-businesses-are-allowed/\">40% of local jurisdictions in California permit cannabis stores\u003c/a>. That leaves the other 60% to the retailers who don’t wait for official approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California cannabis buyers are often unaware of — or indifferent to — the legality of the product they buy, but they do notice prices. Depending on the jurisdiction,\u003ca href=\"https://www.kcrw.com/news/shows/kcrw-features/this-week-in-weed-cannabis-taxes-la\"> taxes on licensed pot can reach 38%\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I got a disposable and some edibles,” says Camerin Remmington as he exits an authorized store on the edge of town in Riverside. “It’s almost 60 bucks for two items. It’s a little more expensive here!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says he appreciates the fact that the licensed products are tested for quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know it is what it is,” he says. “You can’t go wrong with it!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with cannabis, legality for its own sake is not a concern for Remmington. He volunteers that he grew it illegally on his land in the high desert during the post-legalization boom a couple of years ago. He says it made money, until police showed up a year and a half ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We got ticketed for it, for having a couple of processed plants, but they didn’t catch the bulk of anything,” he says. When he showed up for his court date, the case appeared to be a low priority. “They didn’t even know who we were!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11982179\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/img_0024_custom-606ba73284b3b8a55f10dd72004217821ab8da69-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11982179\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/img_0024_custom-606ba73284b3b8a55f10dd72004217821ab8da69-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A man dressed in tactical police combat gear looks at bags of cannabis in the trunk of a vehicle.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1926\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/img_0024_custom-606ba73284b3b8a55f10dd72004217821ab8da69-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/img_0024_custom-606ba73284b3b8a55f10dd72004217821ab8da69-800x602.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/img_0024_custom-606ba73284b3b8a55f10dd72004217821ab8da69-1020x767.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/img_0024_custom-606ba73284b3b8a55f10dd72004217821ab8da69-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/img_0024_custom-606ba73284b3b8a55f10dd72004217821ab8da69-1536x1156.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/img_0024_custom-606ba73284b3b8a55f10dd72004217821ab8da69-2048x1541.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/img_0024_custom-606ba73284b3b8a55f10dd72004217821ab8da69-1920x1444.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Riverside County Sheriff Department Sgt. Jeremy Parsons collects cannabis clippings and firearms from an unlicensed greenhouse in Perris. \u003ccite>(Martin Kaste/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Those raids are still happening in rural Riverside County. On a Tuesday morning, the sheriff’s department’s Marijuana Enforcement Team leads a ten-vehicle convoy through the outskirts of the town of Perris. They’re following up on a tip about a house hidden at the end of a private drive. The operation commander, Sgt. Jeremy Parsons, comes out to the main road to report that it is, indeed, an illegal grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we went up to the house we could smell marijuana. We found a greenhouse in the backyard which contained a few hundred small marijuana plants,” he says. They also found guns, and they run the names of two people on the site to see if either one is a felon, and not allowed to have a firearm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s not a lot of criminal consequences [for illegally growing marijuana],” Parsons says. But the strategy here is to try to charge growers with other crimes — that’s why the convoy of vehicles was so long, as it included people from California Fish and Wildlife, the local water board and even code inspectors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s what we’re charging these people with: water contamination, pesticides that are illegal, the fertilizers that are illegal. That’s where we’re getting people,” says Riverside Sheriff Chad Bianco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for Bianco, the bigger issue is legalization itself. He’s against it, because he believes it encourages the illegal pot farms in the hills of Riverside County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It made it worse. One hundred percent, it made it worse,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A big problem, as he sees it, is exports. California has become a major exporter to states where marijuana is still illegal — and fetches a higher price — \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/iso/opa/resources/3052013829132756857467.pdf\">despite the warning from the Justice Department (PDF)\u003c/a> back when legalization got started that the states that legalize pot should make sure to keep it inside their borders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bianco says the marijuana gold rush has attracted Mexican drug cartels and Asian human smuggling rings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mean, we’ve had multiple, multiple homicides, we’ve had multiple kidnappings, we’ve had multiple reports of human trafficking and rapes and the punishments that go with not doing your job — and it’s all related to this,” Bianco says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back at the DCC, Bill Jones says he thinks legalization was, as he puts it, “imperative,” but he also believes it should be possible eventually to curb the black market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s doable. But it’s going to take a lot of resources and consistent enforcement over years to get our arms around this,” Jones says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Black+market+cannabis+thrives+in+California+despite+legalization&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"radiolab": {
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},
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"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
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