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"slug": "wildfires-blaze-across-new-mexico-and-california-prompting-evacuations",
"title": "Intense Wildfires Burn Across California and New Mexico",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 6:15 p.m. Wednesday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A number of wildfires in New Mexico and California have spawned evacuations, with intense blazes developing quickly and making damage assessments difficult for local officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The South Fork Fire, which was first reported Monday morning in southern New Mexico’s Village of Ruidoso, has now burned more than 15,000 acres and is 0% contained, \u003ca href=\"https://firms.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/usfs/map/#d:24hrs;@-105.5,33.9,8.0z\">according to the National Interagency Fire Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Michelle Lujan Grisham has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kunm.org/local-news/2024-06-18/south-fork-fire-burns-more-than-15-000-acres-and-still-not-contained\">declared a state of emergency\u003c/a>, ordering evacuations for Ruidoso and nearby tribal lands. The emergency declaration will help the state allocate resources from the National Guard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grisham commended first responders and residents who have helped others who were forced to evacuate.[ad fullwidth]“The number of New Mexicans who, on their own, are helping and are offering up their own homes for shelter shows me, once again, the generosity and compassion of the people in this state,” the governor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blaze has damaged or destroyed more than 500 structures, though Grisham said the intensity of the fire makes it such that a flyover will be necessary to map a more accurate damage assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It will really allow us to see inside the fire in a way that we cannot do now because it is too dangerous to be in the heart of the fire,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11991182\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11991182\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/screencap-south-fork-fire.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1008\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/screencap-south-fork-fire.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/screencap-south-fork-fire-800x420.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/screencap-south-fork-fire-1020x536.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/screencap-south-fork-fire-160x84.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/screencap-south-fork-fire-1536x806.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Screenshot of a map showing the South Fork Fire in New Mexico on June 19, 2024. \u003ccite>(Via Fire Information for Resource Management System US/Canada)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Residents of Ruidoso said what should have been a 15-minute drive out of town became a horrifying hours-long endeavor. The Associated Press reported that real estate agent Christie Hood said the evacuation order came so quickly that she and her husband had little time to gather up their children and dogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It looked like the sky was on fire. It was bright orange,” Hood said. “Honestly, it looked like the apocalypse. It was terrifying and sparks were falling on us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A second wildfire is burning in southern New Mexico about five miles southeast of the South Fork Fire. The Salt Fire has burned about 7,000 acres and was 1% contained as of Wednesday afternoon, according to the wildfire tracking app \u003ca href=\"https://app.watchduty.org/#/i/22195\">Watch Duty\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Northern California battles back its own set of new fires\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After California fire crews began battling wildfires over the weekend, new blazes have also broke out in the northern part of the state this week.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" tag=\"california-wildfire\"]The Aero Fire, located in the small Calaveras County community of Copperopolis southwest of Sacramento, broke out Monday. The blaze has burned more than 5,000 acres and has forced evacuations, with CalFire officials reporting three structures destroyed and one damaged. Local officials have set up three evacuation centers, but the number of evacuees remains unknown. With winds decreasing and relative humidity increasing, firefighters have been able to get the Aero Fire 45% contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another wildfire, the Sites Fire, also erupted Monday in Colusa County, just over 100 miles to the north of San Francisco. CalFire reports that the blaze, which has torched more than 15,000 acres, is 10% contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But crews have reason to remain optimistic about conditions in California’s Central Valley. The National Weather Service says red flag warnings for fire conditions were set to expire by midday Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Firefighters have also been making progress on containing the more than 15,000 acre Post Fire, which began Saturday in Los Angeles and Ventura County. State fire officials say that the wildfire is 43% contained. And Sonoma County’s Point Fire, which has burned more than 1,200 acres since breaking out Sunday, is 60% contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "California is battling a set of new fires. Meanwhile, New Mexico has declared a state of emergency, ordering evacuations for Ruidoso and nearby areas. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 6:15 p.m. Wednesday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A number of wildfires in New Mexico and California have spawned evacuations, with intense blazes developing quickly and making damage assessments difficult for local officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The South Fork Fire, which was first reported Monday morning in southern New Mexico’s Village of Ruidoso, has now burned more than 15,000 acres and is 0% contained, \u003ca href=\"https://firms.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/usfs/map/#d:24hrs;@-105.5,33.9,8.0z\">according to the National Interagency Fire Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Michelle Lujan Grisham has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kunm.org/local-news/2024-06-18/south-fork-fire-burns-more-than-15-000-acres-and-still-not-contained\">declared a state of emergency\u003c/a>, ordering evacuations for Ruidoso and nearby tribal lands. The emergency declaration will help the state allocate resources from the National Guard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grisham commended first responders and residents who have helped others who were forced to evacuate.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The number of New Mexicans who, on their own, are helping and are offering up their own homes for shelter shows me, once again, the generosity and compassion of the people in this state,” the governor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blaze has damaged or destroyed more than 500 structures, though Grisham said the intensity of the fire makes it such that a flyover will be necessary to map a more accurate damage assessment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It will really allow us to see inside the fire in a way that we cannot do now because it is too dangerous to be in the heart of the fire,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11991182\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11991182\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/screencap-south-fork-fire.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1008\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/screencap-south-fork-fire.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/screencap-south-fork-fire-800x420.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/screencap-south-fork-fire-1020x536.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/screencap-south-fork-fire-160x84.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/screencap-south-fork-fire-1536x806.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Screenshot of a map showing the South Fork Fire in New Mexico on June 19, 2024. \u003ccite>(Via Fire Information for Resource Management System US/Canada)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Residents of Ruidoso said what should have been a 15-minute drive out of town became a horrifying hours-long endeavor. The Associated Press reported that real estate agent Christie Hood said the evacuation order came so quickly that she and her husband had little time to gather up their children and dogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It looked like the sky was on fire. It was bright orange,” Hood said. “Honestly, it looked like the apocalypse. It was terrifying and sparks were falling on us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A second wildfire is burning in southern New Mexico about five miles southeast of the South Fork Fire. The Salt Fire has burned about 7,000 acres and was 1% contained as of Wednesday afternoon, according to the wildfire tracking app \u003ca href=\"https://app.watchduty.org/#/i/22195\">Watch Duty\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Northern California battles back its own set of new fires\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After California fire crews began battling wildfires over the weekend, new blazes have also broke out in the northern part of the state this week.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Aero Fire, located in the small Calaveras County community of Copperopolis southwest of Sacramento, broke out Monday. The blaze has burned more than 5,000 acres and has forced evacuations, with CalFire officials reporting three structures destroyed and one damaged. Local officials have set up three evacuation centers, but the number of evacuees remains unknown. With winds decreasing and relative humidity increasing, firefighters have been able to get the Aero Fire 45% contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another wildfire, the Sites Fire, also erupted Monday in Colusa County, just over 100 miles to the north of San Francisco. CalFire reports that the blaze, which has torched more than 15,000 acres, is 10% contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But crews have reason to remain optimistic about conditions in California’s Central Valley. The National Weather Service says red flag warnings for fire conditions were set to expire by midday Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Firefighters have also been making progress on containing the more than 15,000 acre Post Fire, which began Saturday in Los Angeles and Ventura County. State fire officials say that the wildfire is 43% contained. And Sonoma County’s Point Fire, which has burned more than 1,200 acres since breaking out Sunday, is 60% contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "uber-and-lyft-are-fighting-minimum-wage-laws-but-in-this-state-the-drivers-won",
"title": "Uber and Lyft Are Fighting Minimum Wage Laws. But in This State, the Drivers Won",
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"headTitle": "Uber and Lyft Are Fighting Minimum Wage Laws. But in This State, the Drivers Won | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>In a windowless room, Uber driver Farhan Badel took the podium in front of a committee of Minnesota state legislators in early May. As Badel leaned into the microphone and started speaking, the room quieted. Testifying before lawmakers was something he’d done nearly a dozen times before, but he says this time felt like his last chance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been fighting for two long years,” Badel stated, referencing ride-hail drivers’ battle to get a minimum wage law passed in the state. He said his message to lawmakers was this: “Uber and Lyft, especially Uber, notorious for their shady lobbying … should not be allowed to dictate what becomes law in this state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lobbying Badel referenced is part of a playbook Uber and Lyft have used in cities across the country to curb minimum wage laws for drivers. The San Francisco-based companies have barraged lawmakers with emails, sent warning messages to riders and drivers, and threatened to vacate states if they were forced to pay minimum wage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Minnesota, the campaign was particularly aggressive. Interviews with drivers and lawmakers, along with internal emails and documents obtained by NPR, show that Minnesota was the target of an intense operation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That hearing where Badel testified was the latest twist in a whiplash series of events. Over the last two years, ride-hail drivers had organized and grown into a more than 1,300-member group that marched at City Hall, met with lawmakers and brought national attention to their plight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They had seen wins and losses in dizzying succession: Three separate bills mandating minimum wage for ride-hail drivers passed at the state and city levels, only to get unexpectedly vetoed by Gov. Tim Walz or Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey. The drivers say it felt to them like a true David and Goliath situation, pitting them against multibillion-dollar corporations that seemed to hold far more power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990764\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990764\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1134\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farhan Badel, an Uber/Lyft driver and MULDA organizer, in Apple Valley, Minn., on May 25. \u003ccite>(Jenn Ackerman for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This spring it reached a boiling point. After gains by the drivers, Uber and Lyft stepped up their lobbying campaign and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/15/1238885721/uber-lyft-minneapolis-minimum-wage-law\">threatened to pull out of Minneapolis\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is part of their corporate playbook,” says Laura Padin, who \u003ca href=\"https://www.datocms-assets.com/64990/1714149807-the-bullys-playbook-april-2024.pdf\">studies lobbying in the gig economy (PDF)\u003c/a> at the National Employment Law Project, a labor rights advocacy organization. “The fact that they can issue threats and say ‘We’re going to leave if you treat us like everyone else’ is a big problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spokespeople for Uber and Lyft say the proposed minimum wage would have left the companies unable to sustain their businesses in the state. Uber says it would have made Minnesota “one of the most expensive markets in the country,” and Lyft says it would have made “prices rise so much that we would have seen a 51% decrease in ride requests.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walz and Frey, both labor-friendly Democrats, had been adamant that they wanted ride-hail drivers to make a livable wage. They also took the companies, and their warnings, seriously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From the very beginning, I had two primary goals,” Frey told NPR in an interview. “To get a very significant pay increase for drivers and to keep this very important rideshare service, including Uber and Lyft, in our city.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar scenarios have played out in New York and Seattle, which ultimately passed city minimum wage laws. But every state law governing driver pay and protections that has been crafted to date has included provisions backed by Uber and Lyft — through their \u003ca href=\"https://www.nybooks.com/online/2024/05/09/inside-uber-political-machine/?utm_source=Twitter&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=2024-05-09_Wells-Uber-1\">lobbying and public campaigns\u003c/a>. For example, in California, the companies \u003ca href=\"https://cal-access.sos.ca.gov/Campaign/Committees/Detail.aspx?id=1422181&session=2019&view=received\">spent a combined $108.5 million\u003c/a> on a successful \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/11/05/931561150/california-voters-give-uber-lyft-a-win-but-some-drivers-arent-so-sure\">ballot measure campaign\u003c/a> to exempt them from a state labor law. Another statewide battle happened in Washington, and one is underway in Massachusetts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in Minnesota, something wholly unexpected happened last month — the drivers won.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘The worst I’ve seen in eight years’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It all started in a small coffee shop in Minneapolis. In the summer of 2022, ride-hail driver Eid Ali gathered with about 20 Uber and Lyft drivers to talk about low pay, safety concerns and other issues that come with the job. Ali is a father of five and the sole provider for his family. Before he started driving for Uber and Lyft in 2014, Ali was a taxi driver and had done some organizing. He says this helped him and the other drivers come up with a game plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first step was to recruit more drivers. Ali and the others went to shopping malls and airport parking lots to speak with drivers. They also went to mosques — the majority of ride-hail drivers in Minneapolis are immigrants, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.dli.mn.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/TNC_driver_earnings_analysis_pay_standard_options_report_030824.pdf\">state data (PDF)\u003c/a>, with many from East Africa, especially Somalia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The drivers coalesced in a group called Minnesota Uber/Lyft Drivers Association, or MULDA, and Ali became the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990765\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990765\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn2-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1134\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn2-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn2-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn2-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn2-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn2-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eid Ali, president of Minnesota Uber/Lyft Drivers Association (MULDA), at the organization’s offices in Bloomington, Minn., on May 25. \u003ccite>(Jenn Ackerman for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He says drivers reached out to him constantly about not being able to make ends meet. “Family folks raising kids, who depend on this income, are coming to me every day and telling me ‘I don’t know what to do,’” Ali says. “I was thinking that if I don’t do anything, if I don’t fight a few more days or maybe a few more weeks, who’s going to do that?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber and Lyft categorize drivers as independent contractors rather than employees. This means drivers pay their own expenses such as gas, car maintenance and cellphones, and they don’t have employee benefits, including health insurance, sick days and workers’ compensation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Low pay is the top problem, drivers say, as their earnings have steadily shrunk and become harder to predict. In 2022, both Uber and Lyft \u003ca href=\"https://themarkup.org/working-for-an-algorithm/2022/03/01/secretive-algorithm-will-now-determine-uber-driver-pay-in-many-cities\">switched how they paid drivers\u003c/a>, going from a time-and-mileage calculation to an opaque algorithm. Uber and Lyft say the software helps drivers pick and choose trips, but drivers say since that change they’ve seen the companies take a bigger cut, while they’ve gotten less.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sergio Avedian, a longtime ride-hail driver in Los Angeles and senior contributor to the popular blog the \u003ca href=\"https://therideshareguy.com/\">Rideshare Guy\u003c/a>, says thousands of drivers regularly send him their pay stubs. “This is the worst I’ve seen in eight years,” he says, estimating he often earns less than minimum wage after expenses. “But people are driving, they’re desperate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Twin Cities metro area, where 95% of all of Minnesota’s ride-hail trips happen, the median take-home wage for drivers is $13.63 per hour, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.dli.mn.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/TNC_driver_earnings_analysis_pay_standard_options_report_030824.pdf\">report (PDF)\u003c/a> by the Minnesota Department of Labor and Industry. That’s below the minimum wage for large businesses in St. Paul ($15) and Minneapolis ($15.57).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber’s spokesperson calls this report “\u003ca href=\"https://uberpubpolicy.medium.com/excessive-rates-and-their-negative-effects-a-review-of-minnesotas-proposed-pay-standard-9747c14d0254\">flawed\u003c/a>.” Lyft didn’t respond to questions about driver pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber and Lyft have shaped minimum wage laws in their favor in other states. In Washington, for example, after Seattle passed a minimum wage for ride-hail drivers, the two companies \u003ca href=\"https://themarkup.org/news/2022/03/04/bill-in-washington-state-would-be-first-to-bar-uber-and-lyft-drivers-from-being-classified-as-employees\">lobbied legislators\u003c/a> to pass a state law. That law gives drivers a minimum pay floor but also grants a key concession to the companies: ensuring that the drivers remain classified as independent contractors, which exempts the companies from providing customary worker benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990766\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990766\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn3-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1134\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn3-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn3-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn3-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn3-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn3-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Symbols for Uber and Lyft adorn Farhan Badel’s vehicle in Apple Valley, Minn. \u003ccite>(Jenn Ackerman for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By the fall of 2022, hundreds of drivers had joined MULDA, with the campaign crystallizing around the push for a minimum wage. That October, they \u003ca href=\"https://minnesotareformer.com/2022/10/20/uber-and-lyft-drivers-press-lawmakers-to-address-long-standing-labor-complaints/\">held their first press conference\u003c/a> at the Minnesota state Capitol. “Drivers are at a breaking point,” Ali announced, alongside state lawmakers that day. From there, their cause quickly picked up steam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By March 2023, state legislators had introduced a \u003ca href=\"https://www.revisor.mn.gov/bills/bill.php?b=House&f=HF2369&ssn=0&y=2023\">bill\u003c/a> that set out minimum pay and other protections for ride-hail drivers. It swiftly passed the House and Senate and landed on Walz’s desk in late May 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All signs pointed to Walz signing the bill, Badel says. The drivers got ready to celebrate a victory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Insiders told us to come to the state Capitol the day when they signed all these bills,” Badel says. “They told us to come there dressed well — you know, look presentable, look happy. So, we were getting all these checkmarks that he was going to sign the bill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A lobbying blitz\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>What Badel and Ali didn’t know was that Uber and Lyft’s lobbyists were hard at work behind the scenes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Days before the governor received the bill, the companies’ lobbyists sent a slew of emails to his staffers and colleagues, according to public records obtained by NPR. Those included “talking points and numbers” that said rider fares would skyrocket if the bill passed. In Minneapolis, they said fares would go up 70%, without citing specific data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/lyft-uber-playbook-20240610/aiTimeline.html?initialWidth=840&childId=responsive-embed-lyft-uber-playbook-20240610-aiTimeline&parentTitle=Uber%20and%20Lyft%20use%20lobbying%20to%20fight%20minimum%20wage%20law%20in%20Minnesota%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F06%2F17%2Fnx-s1-4942958%2Fuber-minimum-wage-minnesota-lyft-lobbying\" width=\"800\" height=\"2200\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brent Kent, a registered lobbyist for Lyft and the company’s director of public policy, sent a letter to Minnesota’s Senate president saying the bill would have a “catastrophic impact” and create “transportation deserts.” Rides in Minneapolis would go from $17 to $54, he said, also not citing specific data for that statistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As signing day neared, the lobbyists ramped up their efforts. They requested phone calls between Walz and the CEOs of both Uber and Lyft. At one point, Uber lobbyist Joel Carlson emailed the governor’s legislative assistant asking for an alternative email for the office, because he said he had a lot of people wanting to write in with opposition to the bill and didn’t want to “email bomb” her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlson also fired off “veto request” letters he collected from 11 community groups — business and hospitality associations as well as organizations that work with people with disabilities, the elderly and domestic violence survivors. At least half of those groups have partnered with Uber or Lyft, but that wasn’t disclosed in their letters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber’s spokesperson says it “engaged many organizations and local stakeholders to ensure they understood the impact of the legislation” and “many decided to express their concerns.” The spokesperson also confirmed that Uber CEO Dara Khosrowshahi had spoken with the governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990767\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990767\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn4-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1134\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn4-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn4-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn4-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn4-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn4-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Matthew McGlory, a rideshare driver and active member of MULDA, in downtown Minneapolis. \u003ccite>(Jenn Ackerman for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We urged the governor to veto the bill publicly, as well, via issued statements and in emails to riders and drivers,” the spokesperson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lyft didn’t respond to questions about its involvement with the letters from community groups or conversations between its CEO and the governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Days before the anticipated signing, the companies rolled out a tactic they’d used in California, New York, Texas and other states: They \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/uber-minnesota-rideshare-driver-bill-veto-tim-walz/\">threatened to leave the state\u003c/a> if the bill was signed into law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By May 25, 2023, Ali says he and the other drivers were anxious about the outcome. They gathered in front of Walz’s office chanting, “Governor sign the bill!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That afternoon, Walz issued his \u003ca href=\"https://www.house.mn.gov/NewLaws/story/2023/5502\">first and only veto\u003c/a> in four years as governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His veto letter started off saying the minimum wage bill “could make Minnesota one of the most expensive states in the country for rideshare.” It cited the need to maintain ride-hail services in the state and also referenced the letters from community groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for Walz says that alongside the veto, the governor \u003ca href=\"https://mn.gov/governor/assets/EO%2023-07%20TNC_tcm1055-579270.pdf\">formed a task force (PDF)\u003c/a> to study the issue. She pointed NPR to a \u003ca href=\"https://mn.gov/governor/newsroom/press-releases/#/detail/appId/1/id/579275\">press release\u003c/a> where he said, “Rideshare drivers deserve fair wages and safe working conditions … This is not the right bill to achieve these goals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ali says it was a big surprise and a major blow for MULDA. “That was my worst nightmare, because I didn’t know what to say to those drivers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘You’re our last resort’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As the state bill made its way through the Legislature, the MULDA drivers were also simultaneously working with city council members in Minneapolis. After the governor’s veto, the drivers reorganized and went all in at the local level — becoming ever-present at City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They came to City Hall many, many times, saying: ‘Government officials, you’re our last resort,’” says Robin Wonsley, the Minneapolis council member for Ward 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The makeup of the workforce for the rideshare companies is predominantly Black, predominantly immigrant and also predominantly low income,” she added. “And many of these drivers, or a disproportionate number of these drivers, are \u003ca href=\"https://www.dli.mn.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/TNC_driver_earnings_analysis_pay_standard_options_report_030824.pdf\">actually on public assistance (PDF)\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990768\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990768\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn5-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1134\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn5-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn5-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn5-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn5-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn5-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Robin Wonsley, Minneapolis council member for Ward 2, outside City Hall in Bloomington, Minn., on May 26. Wonsley and colleagues worked on a city ordinance to give ride-hail drivers a minimum wage in Minneapolis. \u003ccite>(Jenn Ackerman for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She joined fellow council members Jamal Osman, who’d introduced her to MULDA, and Jason Chavez to work on a city ordinance. They reached out to economists and experts to come up with a calculation that would be equivalent to the city’s minimum wage. Uber and Lyft only pay drivers when they’re giving rides and not when they’re waiting for a passenger, so a straight hourly wage wouldn’t work. The \u003ca href=\"https://lims.minneapolismn.gov/Download/MetaData/31233/2023-052_Id_31233.pdf\">ordinance (PDF)\u003c/a> they introduced mandated that drivers be paid $1.40 per mile and 51¢ per minute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It \u003ca href=\"https://www.mprnews.org/story/2023/08/17/minneapolis-approves-measure-to-boost-pay-for-uber-lyft-drivers\">passed the council\u003c/a> in August 2023 by a 7–5 vote. But behind the scenes, the companies’ lobbyists were leaning hard on Frey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As with the governor, Uber and Lyft’s lobbyists targeted the mayor, according to internal emails obtained by NPR through public records requests. Lyft’s Kent reached out to staffers saying the company had “grave concerns.” He sent the mayor and council members an opposition letter from a Lyft executive that had one sentence bolded and underlined: “Should this proposal become law, Lyft will be forced to cease operations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Uber’s Carlson called the ordinance “problematic.” On Aug. 21, Carlson emailed a senior aide at City Hall, saying he had spoken with the mayor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Uber understands the importance and optics to provide a thoughtful response to the council’s vote and have offered to him the opportunity to announce the following if he chooses,” the email reads. Carlson said the mayor could announce that Uber pledges to give drivers a minimum wage and a $5 minimum on all trips. He sent suggested language for the mayor’s announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990769\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990769\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn6-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1134\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn6-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn6-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn6-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn6-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn6-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In Minneapolis, the median take-home wage for ride-hail drivers is nearly $2 less than the minimum wage. \u003ccite>(Jenn Ackerman for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The next day, Frey \u003ca href=\"https://www.mprnews.org/story/2023/08/22/minneapolis-mayor-jacob-frey-vetoes-rideshare-bill\">vetoed the ordinance\u003c/a>. In his \u003ca href=\"https://lims.minneapolismn.gov/Download/FileV2/32370/2023_052-Veto-Letter.pdf\">veto letter (PDF)\u003c/a>, he said he’d work on another ordinance that included all stakeholders. The mayor also wrote that he was “pleased to share” that he secured a commitment from Uber to provide drivers a minimum wage and a $5 minimum per ride.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber’s spokesperson says the minimum wage guarantee “was not part of any negotiations.” A spokesperson for Frey says the commitment from Uber “was not in exchange for a veto.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wonsley says she was outraged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Why are we having city leaders now supporting a multibillion-dollar corporation and having an exemption from a city policy that hundreds of small businesses have been in compliance with?” she says, referring to the city’s minimum wage law. “And then he announced a nonbinding agreement with Uber, saying, ‘Look, we don’t need to change nothing, the company has made a commitment, a symbolic commitment to pay drivers more.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were like ‘Wait, what?’ ” Wonsley adds. “That makes absolutely no sense.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frey’s spokesperson says the commitment from Uber “was never intended to be a permanent solution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Public pressure campaign\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The mayor’s veto, coming after the governor’s veto, could have been the end for MULDA drivers’ quest to get a minimum wage law. In other states that went through similar scenarios, such setbacks have taken the wind out of organizing efforts. But Ali and Badel say they came too close to give up. And council member Wonsley says she wasn’t ready to back down either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and her colleagues introduced two more ordinances in October 2023. One focused on minimum wage, the other on worker protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less than six months later, the council passed the new minimum wage \u003ca href=\"https://lims.minneapolismn.gov/Download/FileV2/34129/Transportation-Rideshare-Compensation-Ordinance.pdf\">ordinance (PDF)\u003c/a> by a 9–4 vote. The next day, once again, Frey vetoed the ordinance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I asked the City Council to wait one day,” says Frey, until after the release of the statewide report on driver earnings. “Both times I vetoed it because it wasn’t supported by the data. And so, we should be listening to the data.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time, however, the council had enough votes to \u003ca href=\"https://www.mprnews.org/story/2024/03/14/minneapolis-city-council-overrides-freys-veto-on-ordinance-boosting-rideshare-driver-pay\">override his veto\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With this go-round, Uber and Lyft kicked their pressure campaign up a notch. Instead of mostly working with lawmakers behind closed doors, the companies brought their lobbying to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been a full-court press campaign,” Wonsley says. “Every single day there are several articles, interviews in the press, basically demonizing our actions and creating a lot of confusion for the public around what our policy actually accomplished.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after the veto override, Uber and Lyft \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/15/1238885721/uber-lyft-minneapolis-minimum-wage-law\">announced they were leaving Minneapolis\u003c/a> as soon as the ordinance went into effect. It was around this time that Matthew McGlory, a MULDA member and longtime Uber and Lyft driver, started getting in-app messages and emails from the companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990770\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990770\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn7-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1134\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn7-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn7-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn7-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn7-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn7-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Matthew McGlory, a rideshare driver and active member of MULDA, in downtown Minneapolis on May 26. McGlory says drivers in other states have been watching Minnesota, waiting to see what happened. \u003ccite>(Jenn Ackerman for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We know that this decision will have a huge negative effect,” a message from Uber read. “It will put thousands of drivers — like you — out of work.” Uber provided a link to email lawmakers urging them to pass statewide legislation that could preempt the city ordinance and be more favorable to the companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lyft, meanwhile, sent an email to its riders saying the ordinance would make rides “unaffordable” for the majority of residents. Lyft’s spokesperson didn’t respond to questions about the in-app messages. Uber’s spokesperson says, “The message speaks for itself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was also a flurry of activity in the local news. Uber put an online ad in the \u003cem>Star Tribune\u003c/em> saying Minneapolis was “forcing” it to leave and offered a button to click to “save our rides.” Dan Meyers, a director at disability advocacy group Rise, \u003ca href=\"https://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-rideshare-driver-pay-proposal-looks-at-only-one-side-of-equation/600348209/\">wrote an op-ed\u003c/a> saying the ordinance would be “devastating to the disability community.” Lyft and Rise are \u003ca href=\"https://rise.org/12858-2/\">longtime partners\u003c/a>, which wasn’t disclosed in the op-ed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for Rise says, “Our work with Lyft is well-known among our peers and partners.” Lyft didn’t respond to questions about any possible involvement with the op-ed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with the ordinance set to go into effect in Minneapolis, MULDA drivers say they were still nervous. A statewide bill could preempt the city ordinance and undercut their pay. It was hard to tell which way it would go.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘No one else has been able to do this in the country’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The same day Farhan Badel took the podium in early May pleading with state lawmakers to not let the ride-hail companies dictate the law, Uber’s Carlson also spoke. They were discussing a compromise state bill that would preempt the Minneapolis ordinance — it offered drivers a rate of $1.27 per mile and 49¢ per minute. Carlson told the lawmakers this wouldn’t work for Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11986533,news_11987167,forum_2010101905828\"]“Uber has calculated that if you reasonably calculate the expenses you come up with a rate of 41¢ per mile and 68¢ per minute,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislators left that hearing without giving any indication\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>which way it would go. But a couple of weeks later, they made a move that stunned observers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the night of May 19, \u003ca href=\"https://minnesotareformer.com/2024/05/21/heres-whats-in-the-bill-regulating-uber-and-lyft-driver-pay-and-labor-standards/\">the state passed a new bill\u003c/a> giving drivers the minimum wage rate of $1.28 per mile and 31¢ per minute. Even though it was slightly lower and preempted the Minneapolis ordinance, Wonsley and the council backed it. Frey says he was opposed to the preemption, but that he ultimately supported the bill too since he says it was “nearly identical” to what he proposed months earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a major win for the MULDA drivers. After the bill’s passage, in a moment of jubilation in the Capitol’s hallways, they hoisted one of the state legislators in the air and chanted “MULDA” over and over. The legislator, Sen. Omar Fateh, who was instrumental in getting the bill passed, said, “It was Uber and Lyft versus MULDA and MULDA won.” The crowd erupted in cheers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990771\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990771\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn8-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1134\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn8-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn8-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn8-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn8-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn8-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rideshare vehicles share the road with other drivers in downtown Minneapolis. \u003ccite>(Jenn Ackerman for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Spokespeople for Uber and Lyft say the companies accepted the compromise, and that neither will shutter operations in the state. Unlike the minimum pay laws for ride-hail drivers in California and Washington state, Minnesota’s bill doesn’t mandate that drivers remain independent contractors — something Uber and Lyft had sought, but didn’t get.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On May 28, Walz signed the bill into law with Ali by his side wearing a white MULDA T-shirt. During a press conference announcing its passage, the governor congratulated state lawmakers. “No one else has been able to do this in the country,” Walz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The driver McGlory says MULDA has heard from drivers in other states who have been watching Minnesota over the past year and a half, waiting to see what happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m doing this not just for drivers in Minneapolis. I’m doing this for the drivers in Nashville, Tenn. I’m doing this for drivers in Jackson, Miss.,” McGlory says, pausing for a moment before continuing. “Because when we educate ourselves, when we organize ourselves and we mobilize ourselves, we can win.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Like my favorite physics teacher said, ‘We have to become an unstoppable force that meets an immovable object.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Uber and Lyft have lobbied in cities across the country to curb minimum wage laws for drivers, but drivers of the ride-hail companies in Minnesota scored a hard-fought victory after years of struggle.",
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"title": "Uber and Lyft Are Fighting Minimum Wage Laws. But in This State, the Drivers Won | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In a windowless room, Uber driver Farhan Badel took the podium in front of a committee of Minnesota state legislators in early May. As Badel leaned into the microphone and started speaking, the room quieted. Testifying before lawmakers was something he’d done nearly a dozen times before, but he says this time felt like his last chance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been fighting for two long years,” Badel stated, referencing ride-hail drivers’ battle to get a minimum wage law passed in the state. He said his message to lawmakers was this: “Uber and Lyft, especially Uber, notorious for their shady lobbying … should not be allowed to dictate what becomes law in this state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lobbying Badel referenced is part of a playbook Uber and Lyft have used in cities across the country to curb minimum wage laws for drivers. The San Francisco-based companies have barraged lawmakers with emails, sent warning messages to riders and drivers, and threatened to vacate states if they were forced to pay minimum wage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Minnesota, the campaign was particularly aggressive. Interviews with drivers and lawmakers, along with internal emails and documents obtained by NPR, show that Minnesota was the target of an intense operation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That hearing where Badel testified was the latest twist in a whiplash series of events. Over the last two years, ride-hail drivers had organized and grown into a more than 1,300-member group that marched at City Hall, met with lawmakers and brought national attention to their plight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They had seen wins and losses in dizzying succession: Three separate bills mandating minimum wage for ride-hail drivers passed at the state and city levels, only to get unexpectedly vetoed by Gov. Tim Walz or Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey. The drivers say it felt to them like a true David and Goliath situation, pitting them against multibillion-dollar corporations that seemed to hold far more power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990764\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990764\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1134\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farhan Badel, an Uber/Lyft driver and MULDA organizer, in Apple Valley, Minn., on May 25. \u003ccite>(Jenn Ackerman for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This spring it reached a boiling point. After gains by the drivers, Uber and Lyft stepped up their lobbying campaign and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/15/1238885721/uber-lyft-minneapolis-minimum-wage-law\">threatened to pull out of Minneapolis\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is part of their corporate playbook,” says Laura Padin, who \u003ca href=\"https://www.datocms-assets.com/64990/1714149807-the-bullys-playbook-april-2024.pdf\">studies lobbying in the gig economy (PDF)\u003c/a> at the National Employment Law Project, a labor rights advocacy organization. “The fact that they can issue threats and say ‘We’re going to leave if you treat us like everyone else’ is a big problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spokespeople for Uber and Lyft say the proposed minimum wage would have left the companies unable to sustain their businesses in the state. Uber says it would have made Minnesota “one of the most expensive markets in the country,” and Lyft says it would have made “prices rise so much that we would have seen a 51% decrease in ride requests.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walz and Frey, both labor-friendly Democrats, had been adamant that they wanted ride-hail drivers to make a livable wage. They also took the companies, and their warnings, seriously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From the very beginning, I had two primary goals,” Frey told NPR in an interview. “To get a very significant pay increase for drivers and to keep this very important rideshare service, including Uber and Lyft, in our city.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar scenarios have played out in New York and Seattle, which ultimately passed city minimum wage laws. But every state law governing driver pay and protections that has been crafted to date has included provisions backed by Uber and Lyft — through their \u003ca href=\"https://www.nybooks.com/online/2024/05/09/inside-uber-political-machine/?utm_source=Twitter&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=2024-05-09_Wells-Uber-1\">lobbying and public campaigns\u003c/a>. For example, in California, the companies \u003ca href=\"https://cal-access.sos.ca.gov/Campaign/Committees/Detail.aspx?id=1422181&session=2019&view=received\">spent a combined $108.5 million\u003c/a> on a successful \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/11/05/931561150/california-voters-give-uber-lyft-a-win-but-some-drivers-arent-so-sure\">ballot measure campaign\u003c/a> to exempt them from a state labor law. Another statewide battle happened in Washington, and one is underway in Massachusetts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in Minnesota, something wholly unexpected happened last month — the drivers won.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘The worst I’ve seen in eight years’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It all started in a small coffee shop in Minneapolis. In the summer of 2022, ride-hail driver Eid Ali gathered with about 20 Uber and Lyft drivers to talk about low pay, safety concerns and other issues that come with the job. Ali is a father of five and the sole provider for his family. Before he started driving for Uber and Lyft in 2014, Ali was a taxi driver and had done some organizing. He says this helped him and the other drivers come up with a game plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first step was to recruit more drivers. Ali and the others went to shopping malls and airport parking lots to speak with drivers. They also went to mosques — the majority of ride-hail drivers in Minneapolis are immigrants, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.dli.mn.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/TNC_driver_earnings_analysis_pay_standard_options_report_030824.pdf\">state data (PDF)\u003c/a>, with many from East Africa, especially Somalia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The drivers coalesced in a group called Minnesota Uber/Lyft Drivers Association, or MULDA, and Ali became the president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990765\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990765\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn2-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1134\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn2-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn2-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn2-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn2-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn2-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eid Ali, president of Minnesota Uber/Lyft Drivers Association (MULDA), at the organization’s offices in Bloomington, Minn., on May 25. \u003ccite>(Jenn Ackerman for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He says drivers reached out to him constantly about not being able to make ends meet. “Family folks raising kids, who depend on this income, are coming to me every day and telling me ‘I don’t know what to do,’” Ali says. “I was thinking that if I don’t do anything, if I don’t fight a few more days or maybe a few more weeks, who’s going to do that?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber and Lyft categorize drivers as independent contractors rather than employees. This means drivers pay their own expenses such as gas, car maintenance and cellphones, and they don’t have employee benefits, including health insurance, sick days and workers’ compensation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Low pay is the top problem, drivers say, as their earnings have steadily shrunk and become harder to predict. In 2022, both Uber and Lyft \u003ca href=\"https://themarkup.org/working-for-an-algorithm/2022/03/01/secretive-algorithm-will-now-determine-uber-driver-pay-in-many-cities\">switched how they paid drivers\u003c/a>, going from a time-and-mileage calculation to an opaque algorithm. Uber and Lyft say the software helps drivers pick and choose trips, but drivers say since that change they’ve seen the companies take a bigger cut, while they’ve gotten less.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sergio Avedian, a longtime ride-hail driver in Los Angeles and senior contributor to the popular blog the \u003ca href=\"https://therideshareguy.com/\">Rideshare Guy\u003c/a>, says thousands of drivers regularly send him their pay stubs. “This is the worst I’ve seen in eight years,” he says, estimating he often earns less than minimum wage after expenses. “But people are driving, they’re desperate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Twin Cities metro area, where 95% of all of Minnesota’s ride-hail trips happen, the median take-home wage for drivers is $13.63 per hour, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.dli.mn.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/TNC_driver_earnings_analysis_pay_standard_options_report_030824.pdf\">report (PDF)\u003c/a> by the Minnesota Department of Labor and Industry. That’s below the minimum wage for large businesses in St. Paul ($15) and Minneapolis ($15.57).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber’s spokesperson calls this report “\u003ca href=\"https://uberpubpolicy.medium.com/excessive-rates-and-their-negative-effects-a-review-of-minnesotas-proposed-pay-standard-9747c14d0254\">flawed\u003c/a>.” Lyft didn’t respond to questions about driver pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber and Lyft have shaped minimum wage laws in their favor in other states. In Washington, for example, after Seattle passed a minimum wage for ride-hail drivers, the two companies \u003ca href=\"https://themarkup.org/news/2022/03/04/bill-in-washington-state-would-be-first-to-bar-uber-and-lyft-drivers-from-being-classified-as-employees\">lobbied legislators\u003c/a> to pass a state law. That law gives drivers a minimum pay floor but also grants a key concession to the companies: ensuring that the drivers remain classified as independent contractors, which exempts the companies from providing customary worker benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990766\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990766\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn3-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1134\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn3-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn3-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn3-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn3-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn3-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Symbols for Uber and Lyft adorn Farhan Badel’s vehicle in Apple Valley, Minn. \u003ccite>(Jenn Ackerman for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By the fall of 2022, hundreds of drivers had joined MULDA, with the campaign crystallizing around the push for a minimum wage. That October, they \u003ca href=\"https://minnesotareformer.com/2022/10/20/uber-and-lyft-drivers-press-lawmakers-to-address-long-standing-labor-complaints/\">held their first press conference\u003c/a> at the Minnesota state Capitol. “Drivers are at a breaking point,” Ali announced, alongside state lawmakers that day. From there, their cause quickly picked up steam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By March 2023, state legislators had introduced a \u003ca href=\"https://www.revisor.mn.gov/bills/bill.php?b=House&f=HF2369&ssn=0&y=2023\">bill\u003c/a> that set out minimum pay and other protections for ride-hail drivers. It swiftly passed the House and Senate and landed on Walz’s desk in late May 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All signs pointed to Walz signing the bill, Badel says. The drivers got ready to celebrate a victory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Insiders told us to come to the state Capitol the day when they signed all these bills,” Badel says. “They told us to come there dressed well — you know, look presentable, look happy. So, we were getting all these checkmarks that he was going to sign the bill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A lobbying blitz\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>What Badel and Ali didn’t know was that Uber and Lyft’s lobbyists were hard at work behind the scenes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Days before the governor received the bill, the companies’ lobbyists sent a slew of emails to his staffers and colleagues, according to public records obtained by NPR. Those included “talking points and numbers” that said rider fares would skyrocket if the bill passed. In Minneapolis, they said fares would go up 70%, without citing specific data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/lyft-uber-playbook-20240610/aiTimeline.html?initialWidth=840&childId=responsive-embed-lyft-uber-playbook-20240610-aiTimeline&parentTitle=Uber%20and%20Lyft%20use%20lobbying%20to%20fight%20minimum%20wage%20law%20in%20Minnesota%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F06%2F17%2Fnx-s1-4942958%2Fuber-minimum-wage-minnesota-lyft-lobbying\" width=\"800\" height=\"2200\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brent Kent, a registered lobbyist for Lyft and the company’s director of public policy, sent a letter to Minnesota’s Senate president saying the bill would have a “catastrophic impact” and create “transportation deserts.” Rides in Minneapolis would go from $17 to $54, he said, also not citing specific data for that statistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As signing day neared, the lobbyists ramped up their efforts. They requested phone calls between Walz and the CEOs of both Uber and Lyft. At one point, Uber lobbyist Joel Carlson emailed the governor’s legislative assistant asking for an alternative email for the office, because he said he had a lot of people wanting to write in with opposition to the bill and didn’t want to “email bomb” her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlson also fired off “veto request” letters he collected from 11 community groups — business and hospitality associations as well as organizations that work with people with disabilities, the elderly and domestic violence survivors. At least half of those groups have partnered with Uber or Lyft, but that wasn’t disclosed in their letters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber’s spokesperson says it “engaged many organizations and local stakeholders to ensure they understood the impact of the legislation” and “many decided to express their concerns.” The spokesperson also confirmed that Uber CEO Dara Khosrowshahi had spoken with the governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990767\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990767\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn4-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1134\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn4-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn4-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn4-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn4-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn4-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Matthew McGlory, a rideshare driver and active member of MULDA, in downtown Minneapolis. \u003ccite>(Jenn Ackerman for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We urged the governor to veto the bill publicly, as well, via issued statements and in emails to riders and drivers,” the spokesperson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lyft didn’t respond to questions about its involvement with the letters from community groups or conversations between its CEO and the governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Days before the anticipated signing, the companies rolled out a tactic they’d used in California, New York, Texas and other states: They \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/uber-minnesota-rideshare-driver-bill-veto-tim-walz/\">threatened to leave the state\u003c/a> if the bill was signed into law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By May 25, 2023, Ali says he and the other drivers were anxious about the outcome. They gathered in front of Walz’s office chanting, “Governor sign the bill!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That afternoon, Walz issued his \u003ca href=\"https://www.house.mn.gov/NewLaws/story/2023/5502\">first and only veto\u003c/a> in four years as governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His veto letter started off saying the minimum wage bill “could make Minnesota one of the most expensive states in the country for rideshare.” It cited the need to maintain ride-hail services in the state and also referenced the letters from community groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for Walz says that alongside the veto, the governor \u003ca href=\"https://mn.gov/governor/assets/EO%2023-07%20TNC_tcm1055-579270.pdf\">formed a task force (PDF)\u003c/a> to study the issue. She pointed NPR to a \u003ca href=\"https://mn.gov/governor/newsroom/press-releases/#/detail/appId/1/id/579275\">press release\u003c/a> where he said, “Rideshare drivers deserve fair wages and safe working conditions … This is not the right bill to achieve these goals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ali says it was a big surprise and a major blow for MULDA. “That was my worst nightmare, because I didn’t know what to say to those drivers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘You’re our last resort’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As the state bill made its way through the Legislature, the MULDA drivers were also simultaneously working with city council members in Minneapolis. After the governor’s veto, the drivers reorganized and went all in at the local level — becoming ever-present at City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They came to City Hall many, many times, saying: ‘Government officials, you’re our last resort,’” says Robin Wonsley, the Minneapolis council member for Ward 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The makeup of the workforce for the rideshare companies is predominantly Black, predominantly immigrant and also predominantly low income,” she added. “And many of these drivers, or a disproportionate number of these drivers, are \u003ca href=\"https://www.dli.mn.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/TNC_driver_earnings_analysis_pay_standard_options_report_030824.pdf\">actually on public assistance (PDF)\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990768\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990768\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn5-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1134\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn5-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn5-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn5-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn5-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn5-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Robin Wonsley, Minneapolis council member for Ward 2, outside City Hall in Bloomington, Minn., on May 26. Wonsley and colleagues worked on a city ordinance to give ride-hail drivers a minimum wage in Minneapolis. \u003ccite>(Jenn Ackerman for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She joined fellow council members Jamal Osman, who’d introduced her to MULDA, and Jason Chavez to work on a city ordinance. They reached out to economists and experts to come up with a calculation that would be equivalent to the city’s minimum wage. Uber and Lyft only pay drivers when they’re giving rides and not when they’re waiting for a passenger, so a straight hourly wage wouldn’t work. The \u003ca href=\"https://lims.minneapolismn.gov/Download/MetaData/31233/2023-052_Id_31233.pdf\">ordinance (PDF)\u003c/a> they introduced mandated that drivers be paid $1.40 per mile and 51¢ per minute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It \u003ca href=\"https://www.mprnews.org/story/2023/08/17/minneapolis-approves-measure-to-boost-pay-for-uber-lyft-drivers\">passed the council\u003c/a> in August 2023 by a 7–5 vote. But behind the scenes, the companies’ lobbyists were leaning hard on Frey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As with the governor, Uber and Lyft’s lobbyists targeted the mayor, according to internal emails obtained by NPR through public records requests. Lyft’s Kent reached out to staffers saying the company had “grave concerns.” He sent the mayor and council members an opposition letter from a Lyft executive that had one sentence bolded and underlined: “Should this proposal become law, Lyft will be forced to cease operations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Uber’s Carlson called the ordinance “problematic.” On Aug. 21, Carlson emailed a senior aide at City Hall, saying he had spoken with the mayor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Uber understands the importance and optics to provide a thoughtful response to the council’s vote and have offered to him the opportunity to announce the following if he chooses,” the email reads. Carlson said the mayor could announce that Uber pledges to give drivers a minimum wage and a $5 minimum on all trips. He sent suggested language for the mayor’s announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990769\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990769\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn6-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1134\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn6-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn6-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn6-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn6-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn6-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In Minneapolis, the median take-home wage for ride-hail drivers is nearly $2 less than the minimum wage. \u003ccite>(Jenn Ackerman for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The next day, Frey \u003ca href=\"https://www.mprnews.org/story/2023/08/22/minneapolis-mayor-jacob-frey-vetoes-rideshare-bill\">vetoed the ordinance\u003c/a>. In his \u003ca href=\"https://lims.minneapolismn.gov/Download/FileV2/32370/2023_052-Veto-Letter.pdf\">veto letter (PDF)\u003c/a>, he said he’d work on another ordinance that included all stakeholders. The mayor also wrote that he was “pleased to share” that he secured a commitment from Uber to provide drivers a minimum wage and a $5 minimum per ride.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber’s spokesperson says the minimum wage guarantee “was not part of any negotiations.” A spokesperson for Frey says the commitment from Uber “was not in exchange for a veto.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wonsley says she was outraged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Why are we having city leaders now supporting a multibillion-dollar corporation and having an exemption from a city policy that hundreds of small businesses have been in compliance with?” she says, referring to the city’s minimum wage law. “And then he announced a nonbinding agreement with Uber, saying, ‘Look, we don’t need to change nothing, the company has made a commitment, a symbolic commitment to pay drivers more.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were like ‘Wait, what?’ ” Wonsley adds. “That makes absolutely no sense.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frey’s spokesperson says the commitment from Uber “was never intended to be a permanent solution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Public pressure campaign\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The mayor’s veto, coming after the governor’s veto, could have been the end for MULDA drivers’ quest to get a minimum wage law. In other states that went through similar scenarios, such setbacks have taken the wind out of organizing efforts. But Ali and Badel say they came too close to give up. And council member Wonsley says she wasn’t ready to back down either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and her colleagues introduced two more ordinances in October 2023. One focused on minimum wage, the other on worker protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less than six months later, the council passed the new minimum wage \u003ca href=\"https://lims.minneapolismn.gov/Download/FileV2/34129/Transportation-Rideshare-Compensation-Ordinance.pdf\">ordinance (PDF)\u003c/a> by a 9–4 vote. The next day, once again, Frey vetoed the ordinance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I asked the City Council to wait one day,” says Frey, until after the release of the statewide report on driver earnings. “Both times I vetoed it because it wasn’t supported by the data. And so, we should be listening to the data.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time, however, the council had enough votes to \u003ca href=\"https://www.mprnews.org/story/2024/03/14/minneapolis-city-council-overrides-freys-veto-on-ordinance-boosting-rideshare-driver-pay\">override his veto\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With this go-round, Uber and Lyft kicked their pressure campaign up a notch. Instead of mostly working with lawmakers behind closed doors, the companies brought their lobbying to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been a full-court press campaign,” Wonsley says. “Every single day there are several articles, interviews in the press, basically demonizing our actions and creating a lot of confusion for the public around what our policy actually accomplished.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after the veto override, Uber and Lyft \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/15/1238885721/uber-lyft-minneapolis-minimum-wage-law\">announced they were leaving Minneapolis\u003c/a> as soon as the ordinance went into effect. It was around this time that Matthew McGlory, a MULDA member and longtime Uber and Lyft driver, started getting in-app messages and emails from the companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990770\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990770\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn7-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1134\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn7-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn7-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn7-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn7-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn7-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Matthew McGlory, a rideshare driver and active member of MULDA, in downtown Minneapolis on May 26. McGlory says drivers in other states have been watching Minnesota, waiting to see what happened. \u003ccite>(Jenn Ackerman for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We know that this decision will have a huge negative effect,” a message from Uber read. “It will put thousands of drivers — like you — out of work.” Uber provided a link to email lawmakers urging them to pass statewide legislation that could preempt the city ordinance and be more favorable to the companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lyft, meanwhile, sent an email to its riders saying the ordinance would make rides “unaffordable” for the majority of residents. Lyft’s spokesperson didn’t respond to questions about the in-app messages. Uber’s spokesperson says, “The message speaks for itself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was also a flurry of activity in the local news. Uber put an online ad in the \u003cem>Star Tribune\u003c/em> saying Minneapolis was “forcing” it to leave and offered a button to click to “save our rides.” Dan Meyers, a director at disability advocacy group Rise, \u003ca href=\"https://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-rideshare-driver-pay-proposal-looks-at-only-one-side-of-equation/600348209/\">wrote an op-ed\u003c/a> saying the ordinance would be “devastating to the disability community.” Lyft and Rise are \u003ca href=\"https://rise.org/12858-2/\">longtime partners\u003c/a>, which wasn’t disclosed in the op-ed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for Rise says, “Our work with Lyft is well-known among our peers and partners.” Lyft didn’t respond to questions about any possible involvement with the op-ed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with the ordinance set to go into effect in Minneapolis, MULDA drivers say they were still nervous. A statewide bill could preempt the city ordinance and undercut their pay. It was hard to tell which way it would go.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘No one else has been able to do this in the country’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The same day Farhan Badel took the podium in early May pleading with state lawmakers to not let the ride-hail companies dictate the law, Uber’s Carlson also spoke. They were discussing a compromise state bill that would preempt the Minneapolis ordinance — it offered drivers a rate of $1.27 per mile and 49¢ per minute. Carlson told the lawmakers this wouldn’t work for Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Uber has calculated that if you reasonably calculate the expenses you come up with a rate of 41¢ per mile and 68¢ per minute,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislators left that hearing without giving any indication\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>which way it would go. But a couple of weeks later, they made a move that stunned observers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the night of May 19, \u003ca href=\"https://minnesotareformer.com/2024/05/21/heres-whats-in-the-bill-regulating-uber-and-lyft-driver-pay-and-labor-standards/\">the state passed a new bill\u003c/a> giving drivers the minimum wage rate of $1.28 per mile and 31¢ per minute. Even though it was slightly lower and preempted the Minneapolis ordinance, Wonsley and the council backed it. Frey says he was opposed to the preemption, but that he ultimately supported the bill too since he says it was “nearly identical” to what he proposed months earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a major win for the MULDA drivers. After the bill’s passage, in a moment of jubilation in the Capitol’s hallways, they hoisted one of the state legislators in the air and chanted “MULDA” over and over. The legislator, Sen. Omar Fateh, who was instrumental in getting the bill passed, said, “It was Uber and Lyft versus MULDA and MULDA won.” The crowd erupted in cheers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990771\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990771\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn8-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1134\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn8-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn8-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn8-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn8-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/npr.brightspotcdn8-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rideshare vehicles share the road with other drivers in downtown Minneapolis. \u003ccite>(Jenn Ackerman for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Spokespeople for Uber and Lyft say the companies accepted the compromise, and that neither will shutter operations in the state. Unlike the minimum pay laws for ride-hail drivers in California and Washington state, Minnesota’s bill doesn’t mandate that drivers remain independent contractors — something Uber and Lyft had sought, but didn’t get.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On May 28, Walz signed the bill into law with Ali by his side wearing a white MULDA T-shirt. During a press conference announcing its passage, the governor congratulated state lawmakers. “No one else has been able to do this in the country,” Walz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The driver McGlory says MULDA has heard from drivers in other states who have been watching Minnesota over the past year and a half, waiting to see what happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m doing this not just for drivers in Minneapolis. I’m doing this for the drivers in Nashville, Tenn. I’m doing this for drivers in Jackson, Miss.,” McGlory says, pausing for a moment before continuing. “Because when we educate ourselves, when we organize ourselves and we mobilize ourselves, we can win.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Like my favorite physics teacher said, ‘We have to become an unstoppable force that meets an immovable object.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "'We Can't Lose This Moment': Biden Unveils New Gaza Cease-Fire Proposal",
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"headTitle": "‘We Can’t Lose This Moment’: Biden Unveils New Gaza Cease-Fire Proposal | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Biden is calling for an end to the war in Gaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He announced at the White House on Friday that Israel has offered a “comprehensive new proposal” that offers a “roadmap to an enduring cease-fire and the release of all hostages.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden said Qatar had transmitted the proposal to Hamas, the militant group in Gaza that led the attack on Israel last October, provoking the latest conflict. The Hamas attack killed about 1,200 people, and Israel’s response has killed about 36,000 people so far, according to Israeli and Gazan authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president’s remarks advocated for an end to hostilities and called on Israel and Hamas to accept the plan as the only way to a lasting peace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president’s plan came a day after his rival in the presidential race, former President Donald Trump, was convicted by a New York jury on 34 counts of business fraud. Trump, in remarks hours before Biden’s, blasted the verdict and, without evidence, said the White House had engineered it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden has been under increasing pressure over the conflict in Gaza and his support for the Israeli government’s response. He’s been trying to moderate that position amid criticism from his own allies that he’s not doing enough to stop the conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People all over the world have called for a cease-fire,” Biden said Friday. “Now it is time to raise your voices and demand that Hamas comes to the table, agrees to this deal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Israel released a vague statement following Biden’s address, saying Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu authorized a proposal to maintain its goal of returning hostages as soon as possible but insisted that “the war will not end until all of [the Israeli government’s] goals are achieved, including the return of all our abductees and the elimination of Hamas’ military and governmental capabilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That promise — to eliminate Hamas — appeared at odds with Biden’s call to end the fighting, in which he argued that the Palestinian militant group no longer had the capability to launch another attack similar to its Oct. 7 assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later Friday afternoon, Congress released a letter inviting Netanyahu to address a joint session of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How the cease-fire plan would unfold\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Biden began his remarks by first addressing the Trump’s guilty verdict, saying the justice system worked as it should and that it was dangerous for Trump to suggest otherwise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He then laid out the three phases of Israel’s proposal.[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"gaza\"]The first phase is six weeks: a full and complete cease-fire and withdrawal of Israeli forces from all populated areas of Gaza, as well as the release of a number of hostages — including American hostages — in exchange for the release of “hundreds” of Palestinian prisoners. The remains of hostages who have been killed would be returned to their families as well. Citizens in Gaza could return home to any part of the coastal enclave, and more aid — as much as 600 trucks a day — would be moved in to stave off what experts warn could be a looming famine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that phase, he said, Israel and Hamas would negotiate a Phase 2: “a permanent end of hostilities.” As long as negotiations continue, the cease-fire would hold, potentially lasting longer than the initial six weeks. Phase 2 would also see the release of all remaining living hostages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phase 3 would be the start of a “major reconstruction plan for Gaza,” and any final remains of hostages would be returned to their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>There are many challenges ahead\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Biden acknowledged that even some within the Israeli government do not agree with the plan and could put pressure on Israel to back off of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As the only American president who has ever gone to Israel in a time of war, as someone who just sent the U.S. forces to directly defend Israel when it was attacked by Iran, I ask you to take a step back and think, what will happen if this moment is lost,” Biden said. “We can’t lose this moment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said that “indefinite war” will not defeat Hamas and “will not bring Israel lasting security.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this week, Israel’s national security adviser said the war would last at least another seven months. Families of hostages also said he told them that the war would not be stopped for their return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Biden’s remarks, Hamas issued a statement saying it welcomed Biden’s call for a permanent cease-fire. It added: “The movement affirms its position of readiness to deal positively and constructively with any proposal based on a permanent cease-fire, complete withdrawal from the Gaza Strip, reconstruction, the return of the displaced to all their places of residence, and the completion of a serious prisoner exchange deal if the occupation declares its explicit commitment to that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A senior administration official put the onus on Hamas to accept the Israeli framework, suggesting the plan was similar to what Hamas has proposed recently itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Washington continues to focus attention on Israel\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Congressional leaders have spent the past several weeks negotiating a plan to invite Netanyahu to speak to lawmakers. The topic has created complicated politics for Democrats in particular, as a growing number of their members have raised concerns about Israel’s handling of the expanding humanitarian crisis in Gaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans in the House have advanced several messaging bills meant to highlight those divisions, including bills to define antisemitism and to force the White House to deliver arms to Israel without conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.speaker.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Joint-Meeting-Invitation-Prime-Minister-Netanyahu.pdf\">The brief letter\u003c/a> of invitation to Netanyahu references the Oct. 7 attack by Hamas on Israel, saying the attack shocked the world and “forced your nation into a fight for your very existence.” Leaders did not propose a specific date for the address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The existential challenges we face, including the growing partnership between Iran, Russia, and China, threaten the security, peace, and prosperity of our countries and of free people around the world,” the letter reads. “To build on our enduring relationship and to highlight America’s solidarity with Israel, we invite you to share the Israeli government’s vision for defending democracy, combatting terror, and establishing a just and lasting peace in the region.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The president gave remarks on the conflict in the Middle East at the White House on Friday, saying it is time for the war in Gaza to end and detailing a 'road map' to a cease-fire agreement.",
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"title": "'We Can't Lose This Moment': Biden Unveils New Gaza Cease-Fire Proposal | KQED",
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"headline": "'We Can't Lose This Moment': Biden Unveils New Gaza Cease-Fire Proposal",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Biden is calling for an end to the war in Gaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He announced at the White House on Friday that Israel has offered a “comprehensive new proposal” that offers a “roadmap to an enduring cease-fire and the release of all hostages.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden said Qatar had transmitted the proposal to Hamas, the militant group in Gaza that led the attack on Israel last October, provoking the latest conflict. The Hamas attack killed about 1,200 people, and Israel’s response has killed about 36,000 people so far, according to Israeli and Gazan authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president’s remarks advocated for an end to hostilities and called on Israel and Hamas to accept the plan as the only way to a lasting peace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president’s plan came a day after his rival in the presidential race, former President Donald Trump, was convicted by a New York jury on 34 counts of business fraud. Trump, in remarks hours before Biden’s, blasted the verdict and, without evidence, said the White House had engineered it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden has been under increasing pressure over the conflict in Gaza and his support for the Israeli government’s response. He’s been trying to moderate that position amid criticism from his own allies that he’s not doing enough to stop the conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People all over the world have called for a cease-fire,” Biden said Friday. “Now it is time to raise your voices and demand that Hamas comes to the table, agrees to this deal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Israel released a vague statement following Biden’s address, saying Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu authorized a proposal to maintain its goal of returning hostages as soon as possible but insisted that “the war will not end until all of [the Israeli government’s] goals are achieved, including the return of all our abductees and the elimination of Hamas’ military and governmental capabilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That promise — to eliminate Hamas — appeared at odds with Biden’s call to end the fighting, in which he argued that the Palestinian militant group no longer had the capability to launch another attack similar to its Oct. 7 assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later Friday afternoon, Congress released a letter inviting Netanyahu to address a joint session of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How the cease-fire plan would unfold\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Biden began his remarks by first addressing the Trump’s guilty verdict, saying the justice system worked as it should and that it was dangerous for Trump to suggest otherwise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He then laid out the three phases of Israel’s proposal.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The first phase is six weeks: a full and complete cease-fire and withdrawal of Israeli forces from all populated areas of Gaza, as well as the release of a number of hostages — including American hostages — in exchange for the release of “hundreds” of Palestinian prisoners. The remains of hostages who have been killed would be returned to their families as well. Citizens in Gaza could return home to any part of the coastal enclave, and more aid — as much as 600 trucks a day — would be moved in to stave off what experts warn could be a looming famine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that phase, he said, Israel and Hamas would negotiate a Phase 2: “a permanent end of hostilities.” As long as negotiations continue, the cease-fire would hold, potentially lasting longer than the initial six weeks. Phase 2 would also see the release of all remaining living hostages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phase 3 would be the start of a “major reconstruction plan for Gaza,” and any final remains of hostages would be returned to their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>There are many challenges ahead\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Biden acknowledged that even some within the Israeli government do not agree with the plan and could put pressure on Israel to back off of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As the only American president who has ever gone to Israel in a time of war, as someone who just sent the U.S. forces to directly defend Israel when it was attacked by Iran, I ask you to take a step back and think, what will happen if this moment is lost,” Biden said. “We can’t lose this moment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said that “indefinite war” will not defeat Hamas and “will not bring Israel lasting security.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this week, Israel’s national security adviser said the war would last at least another seven months. Families of hostages also said he told them that the war would not be stopped for their return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Biden’s remarks, Hamas issued a statement saying it welcomed Biden’s call for a permanent cease-fire. It added: “The movement affirms its position of readiness to deal positively and constructively with any proposal based on a permanent cease-fire, complete withdrawal from the Gaza Strip, reconstruction, the return of the displaced to all their places of residence, and the completion of a serious prisoner exchange deal if the occupation declares its explicit commitment to that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A senior administration official put the onus on Hamas to accept the Israeli framework, suggesting the plan was similar to what Hamas has proposed recently itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Washington continues to focus attention on Israel\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Congressional leaders have spent the past several weeks negotiating a plan to invite Netanyahu to speak to lawmakers. The topic has created complicated politics for Democrats in particular, as a growing number of their members have raised concerns about Israel’s handling of the expanding humanitarian crisis in Gaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans in the House have advanced several messaging bills meant to highlight those divisions, including bills to define antisemitism and to force the White House to deliver arms to Israel without conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.speaker.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Joint-Meeting-Invitation-Prime-Minister-Netanyahu.pdf\">The brief letter\u003c/a> of invitation to Netanyahu references the Oct. 7 attack by Hamas on Israel, saying the attack shocked the world and “forced your nation into a fight for your very existence.” Leaders did not propose a specific date for the address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The existential challenges we face, including the growing partnership between Iran, Russia, and China, threaten the security, peace, and prosperity of our countries and of free people around the world,” the letter reads. “To build on our enduring relationship and to highlight America’s solidarity with Israel, we invite you to share the Israeli government’s vision for defending democracy, combatting terror, and establishing a just and lasting peace in the region.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Former President Trump Found Guilty in Historic New York Hush-Money Case",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Thursday 3:45 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>For live updates about the verdict, \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/live-updates/trump-trial-hush-money-live-updates\">follow NPR’s liveblog\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former President Donald Trump has been found guilty of falsifying business records to influence the outcome of the 2016 election, a historic verdict as Trump, the presumptive Republican presidential nominee, campaigns again for the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the first time a former or sitting U.S. president has been convicted of criminal charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, 12 New York jurors said they unanimously agreed that Trump falsified business records to conceal a $130,000 hush money payment to adult film star Stormy Daniels to influence the 2016 election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision came after about a day and a half of deliberations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/trump-charges-20240524/summary.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-trump-charges-20240524-summary&parentTitle=Donald%20Trump%20is%20found%20guilty%20in%20hush%20money%20case%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F05%2F30%2Fnx-s1-4977352%2Ftrump-trial-verdict\" width=\"1000\" height=\"300\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the verdicts were read, Trump remained silent and still. But the former president spoke to reporters outside the courtroom, calling it a “rigged, disgraceful trial,” and said the “real verdict” will be rendered on Election Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s legal team signaled it would appeal the conviction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New York Judge Juan Merchan set sentencing for July 11. Trump faces a maximum sentence of up to 4 years in prison, but as a first-time, white-collar offender, no jail time is necessary, and he could receive probation instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The jury heard from 22 witnesses during just over four weeks of testimony in Manhattan’s criminal court. Jurors also weighed other evidence — mostly documents like phone records, invoices and checks to Michael Cohen, Trump’s once loyal “fixer,” who paid Daniels to keep her story of an alleged affair with the former president quiet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The facts of the payments and invoices labeled as legal services were not in dispute. What prosecutors needed to prove was that Trump falsified the records in order to further another crime — in this case violating the New York election law that makes it a crime for “any two or more persons who conspire to promote or prevent the election of any person to a public office by unlawful means.” The jurors were able to choose whether those unlawful means were violating the Federal Elections Campaign Act, falsifying tax returns, or falsifying other business records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s defense focused intently on the credibility of Cohen, and argued that influencing an election is not illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The verdict came more than a year after a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/03/30/1164766452/trump-indictment-new-york-bragg-stormy-daniels\">grand jury indicted Trump\u003c/a>, on March 30, 2023, marking the first time a former or sitting president faced criminal charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/live-updates/trump-indictment-arraignment-arrest-new-york#republican-lawmakers-continue-to-paint-the-case-against-trump-as-an-unjust-overreach\">Republicans\u003c/a> quickly dismissed the indictment \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/live-updates/trump-indictment-arraignment-arrest-new-york#republican-lawmakers-continue-to-paint-the-case-against-trump-as-an-unjust-overreach\">as an overreach of power\u003c/a> by Democratic District Attorney Alvin Bragg, who had brought the charges. Trump has continually blasted the case as “election interference” affecting his 2024 campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>What the jury heard\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In August 2015, two months after Trump announced his 2016 presidential bid, David Pecker, then the publisher of the \u003cem>National Enquirer \u003c/em>tabloid, met with Trump and Cohen at Trump Tower, according to testimony from Pecker and Cohen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At that meeting, Pecker testified, it was agreed that he would be the “eyes and ears” of the Trump campaign. His job was to look out for negative stories from women he could “take off the marketplace,” by buying up the rights but never publishing them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan, as Pecker outlined it, was for him to suppress these stories, and at the same time publish negative stories about Trump’s opponents. Some of these stories, Pecker said, were sent to Trump and Cohen for approval prior to publication.[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"trump\"]Over the next year, Pecker said he carried out this role. His testimony was corroborated by Keith Davidson, an attorney who represented both Daniels and former \u003cem>Playboy \u003c/em>model Karen McDougal. Around June 2016, McDougal considered going public with her story of a yearlong affair with Trump. But Pecker bought the rights to that story, with the expectation that he would be reimbursed by Trump. That never happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In early October 2016, according to the testimony of former Trump communications aide Hope Hicks, the campaign was rocked by the release of the \u003cem>Access Hollywood \u003c/em>tape, where Trump could be heard boasting “When you’re a star they let you do it. You can do anything. Grab ’em by the p****.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next day, Daniels threatened to go public with accusations she’d had a sexual encounter with \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/05/07/1249318101/stormy-daniels-trump-trial-new-york\">Trump in 2006\u003c/a> in a Lake Tahoe hotel suite during a celebrity golf tournament, according to Pecker, Cohen and Davidson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her testimony, Daniels said there was a “power imbalance” when, after leaving the suite’s restroom, she found Trump on the hotel bed in his underwear. That’s when, Daniels said, they had sex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She testified that Trump had dangled a possible role on his TV show \u003cem>Celebrity Apprentice\u003c/em>. This detail — that the sex wasn’t entirely wanted — caused the defense to request a mistrial, which was denied. It also provided a motive for Trump to suppress the story. Prosecutors said, “Trump knew what happened in that hotel room” and didn’t want it to come out. The adult film actor’s testimony also included intimate details of her alleged sexual encounter, some of which Judge Juan M. Merchan agreed with the defense were not necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As October drew to a close, Cohen testified, he frantically opened bank accounts and tried to come up with a way to pay the $130,000 to keep Daniels quiet. But Trump, Cohen said, wanted to delay the payment until after the election, with the idea that after that it wouldn’t matter if Daniels was paid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This point, that Trump was making the payment to influence the election by keeping women voters on board, was corroborated by a number of other witnesses. Hicks testified Trump, by then in the White House, told her that it was better the story came out in 2018, rather than 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cohen ultimately wired the money himself to Daniels, with the understanding, he said, that he would be repaid by Trump. Cohen testified to a number of conversations with Trump, backed up by phone records, including on the day he wired the payments. But the defense rattled Cohen on cross-examination when it presented evidence that one of the calls which Cohen had said was made through Trump’s bodyguard, Keith Schiller, was instead with Schiller about threats from a 14-year-old prankster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the heart of the case rested on the testimony of what happened after the election, when the records were falsified, in particular the handwritten notes and documents from the Trump Organization’s former comptroller, Jeff McConney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConney authenticated a key record: the bank statement showing Cohen’s wire transfer. That record included handwritten notes from Cohen and Trump’s former chief financial officer, Allen Weisselberg, describing the $130,000 payment that would be “grossed up” to cover Cohen’s taxes. That sum, combined with another reimbursement and a bonus, for a total of $420,000, was paid out over 12 months at a rate of $35,000 per month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The payments would be described as pursuant to a “legal retainer.” (Weisselberg, who is serving jail time for perjury in Trump’s civil fraud trial, did not testify.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the stand, Cohen described a repayment scheme that formed the basis of the 34 counts of falsified business records: 11 falsified invoices, 12 falsified ledger entries and 11 checks falsely recording the repayment as legal “retainers.” Nine of the checks were signed by Trump, himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cohen said he and Weisselberg met and discussed the agreement with Trump shortly before he left for Washington, on or about Jan. 17, 2020. Cohen said Trump approved the deal, saying at the end of the meeting that “it was going to be one heck of a ride” in Washington. Cohen said he and Trump discussed the arrangement again, in early February, in the Oval Office. Photos and White House records corroborated that the two met in the Oval Office at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defense presented just two witnesses, including Robert Costello, an attorney who wanted to represent Cohen after Cohen’s home and office were searched by the FBI in 2018. Costello had been put on the stand to refute Cohen’s claim that Costello was pressuring Cohen to stay on Trump’s “team.” But Costello’s emails showed that Trump was deciding which of Cohen’s lawyers he wanted to pay, and that Costello was concerned about not giving “the appearance that we are following instructions from [Rudy] Giuliani or the president,” referring to the former New York City mayor who was Trump’s lawyer at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>How this conviction could affect the 2024 election\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This likely is the only one of Trump’s four ongoing criminal cases that will be heard ahead of the 2024 election in November, since federal trials in Washington, D.C., and Florida, and a state case in Georgia are in various stages of delays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This decision in New York is likely to have rippling effects as Trump campaigns as the presumptive Republican presidential nominee. For now, the other 54 criminal charges he faces have not turned off potential voters and, among some Republicans, the cases have bolstered support for him. However, a conviction may not play well with independent and swing voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest \u003ca href=\"https://maristpoll.marist.edu/polls/novembers-presidential-election-may-2024/\">NPR/PBS NewsHour/Marist poll\u003c/a>, from May, showed that 17% of voters said they would be less likely to vote for Trump if he is convicted, while 15% said they would be more likely to vote for him. And 67% of registered voters nationally say it makes no difference to their vote if Trump is found guilty in his hush money trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Thursday 3:45 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>For live updates about the verdict, \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/live-updates/trump-trial-hush-money-live-updates\">follow NPR’s liveblog\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former President Donald Trump has been found guilty of falsifying business records to influence the outcome of the 2016 election, a historic verdict as Trump, the presumptive Republican presidential nominee, campaigns again for the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the first time a former or sitting U.S. president has been convicted of criminal charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, 12 New York jurors said they unanimously agreed that Trump falsified business records to conceal a $130,000 hush money payment to adult film star Stormy Daniels to influence the 2016 election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision came after about a day and a half of deliberations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/trump-charges-20240524/summary.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-trump-charges-20240524-summary&parentTitle=Donald%20Trump%20is%20found%20guilty%20in%20hush%20money%20case%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F05%2F30%2Fnx-s1-4977352%2Ftrump-trial-verdict\" width=\"1000\" height=\"300\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the verdicts were read, Trump remained silent and still. But the former president spoke to reporters outside the courtroom, calling it a “rigged, disgraceful trial,” and said the “real verdict” will be rendered on Election Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s legal team signaled it would appeal the conviction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New York Judge Juan Merchan set sentencing for July 11. Trump faces a maximum sentence of up to 4 years in prison, but as a first-time, white-collar offender, no jail time is necessary, and he could receive probation instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The jury heard from 22 witnesses during just over four weeks of testimony in Manhattan’s criminal court. Jurors also weighed other evidence — mostly documents like phone records, invoices and checks to Michael Cohen, Trump’s once loyal “fixer,” who paid Daniels to keep her story of an alleged affair with the former president quiet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The facts of the payments and invoices labeled as legal services were not in dispute. What prosecutors needed to prove was that Trump falsified the records in order to further another crime — in this case violating the New York election law that makes it a crime for “any two or more persons who conspire to promote or prevent the election of any person to a public office by unlawful means.” The jurors were able to choose whether those unlawful means were violating the Federal Elections Campaign Act, falsifying tax returns, or falsifying other business records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s defense focused intently on the credibility of Cohen, and argued that influencing an election is not illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The verdict came more than a year after a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/03/30/1164766452/trump-indictment-new-york-bragg-stormy-daniels\">grand jury indicted Trump\u003c/a>, on March 30, 2023, marking the first time a former or sitting president faced criminal charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/live-updates/trump-indictment-arraignment-arrest-new-york#republican-lawmakers-continue-to-paint-the-case-against-trump-as-an-unjust-overreach\">Republicans\u003c/a> quickly dismissed the indictment \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/live-updates/trump-indictment-arraignment-arrest-new-york#republican-lawmakers-continue-to-paint-the-case-against-trump-as-an-unjust-overreach\">as an overreach of power\u003c/a> by Democratic District Attorney Alvin Bragg, who had brought the charges. Trump has continually blasted the case as “election interference” affecting his 2024 campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>What the jury heard\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In August 2015, two months after Trump announced his 2016 presidential bid, David Pecker, then the publisher of the \u003cem>National Enquirer \u003c/em>tabloid, met with Trump and Cohen at Trump Tower, according to testimony from Pecker and Cohen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At that meeting, Pecker testified, it was agreed that he would be the “eyes and ears” of the Trump campaign. His job was to look out for negative stories from women he could “take off the marketplace,” by buying up the rights but never publishing them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan, as Pecker outlined it, was for him to suppress these stories, and at the same time publish negative stories about Trump’s opponents. Some of these stories, Pecker said, were sent to Trump and Cohen for approval prior to publication.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Over the next year, Pecker said he carried out this role. His testimony was corroborated by Keith Davidson, an attorney who represented both Daniels and former \u003cem>Playboy \u003c/em>model Karen McDougal. Around June 2016, McDougal considered going public with her story of a yearlong affair with Trump. But Pecker bought the rights to that story, with the expectation that he would be reimbursed by Trump. That never happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In early October 2016, according to the testimony of former Trump communications aide Hope Hicks, the campaign was rocked by the release of the \u003cem>Access Hollywood \u003c/em>tape, where Trump could be heard boasting “When you’re a star they let you do it. You can do anything. Grab ’em by the p****.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next day, Daniels threatened to go public with accusations she’d had a sexual encounter with \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/05/07/1249318101/stormy-daniels-trump-trial-new-york\">Trump in 2006\u003c/a> in a Lake Tahoe hotel suite during a celebrity golf tournament, according to Pecker, Cohen and Davidson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her testimony, Daniels said there was a “power imbalance” when, after leaving the suite’s restroom, she found Trump on the hotel bed in his underwear. That’s when, Daniels said, they had sex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She testified that Trump had dangled a possible role on his TV show \u003cem>Celebrity Apprentice\u003c/em>. This detail — that the sex wasn’t entirely wanted — caused the defense to request a mistrial, which was denied. It also provided a motive for Trump to suppress the story. Prosecutors said, “Trump knew what happened in that hotel room” and didn’t want it to come out. The adult film actor’s testimony also included intimate details of her alleged sexual encounter, some of which Judge Juan M. Merchan agreed with the defense were not necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As October drew to a close, Cohen testified, he frantically opened bank accounts and tried to come up with a way to pay the $130,000 to keep Daniels quiet. But Trump, Cohen said, wanted to delay the payment until after the election, with the idea that after that it wouldn’t matter if Daniels was paid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This point, that Trump was making the payment to influence the election by keeping women voters on board, was corroborated by a number of other witnesses. Hicks testified Trump, by then in the White House, told her that it was better the story came out in 2018, rather than 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cohen ultimately wired the money himself to Daniels, with the understanding, he said, that he would be repaid by Trump. Cohen testified to a number of conversations with Trump, backed up by phone records, including on the day he wired the payments. But the defense rattled Cohen on cross-examination when it presented evidence that one of the calls which Cohen had said was made through Trump’s bodyguard, Keith Schiller, was instead with Schiller about threats from a 14-year-old prankster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the heart of the case rested on the testimony of what happened after the election, when the records were falsified, in particular the handwritten notes and documents from the Trump Organization’s former comptroller, Jeff McConney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McConney authenticated a key record: the bank statement showing Cohen’s wire transfer. That record included handwritten notes from Cohen and Trump’s former chief financial officer, Allen Weisselberg, describing the $130,000 payment that would be “grossed up” to cover Cohen’s taxes. That sum, combined with another reimbursement and a bonus, for a total of $420,000, was paid out over 12 months at a rate of $35,000 per month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The payments would be described as pursuant to a “legal retainer.” (Weisselberg, who is serving jail time for perjury in Trump’s civil fraud trial, did not testify.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the stand, Cohen described a repayment scheme that formed the basis of the 34 counts of falsified business records: 11 falsified invoices, 12 falsified ledger entries and 11 checks falsely recording the repayment as legal “retainers.” Nine of the checks were signed by Trump, himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cohen said he and Weisselberg met and discussed the agreement with Trump shortly before he left for Washington, on or about Jan. 17, 2020. Cohen said Trump approved the deal, saying at the end of the meeting that “it was going to be one heck of a ride” in Washington. Cohen said he and Trump discussed the arrangement again, in early February, in the Oval Office. Photos and White House records corroborated that the two met in the Oval Office at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defense presented just two witnesses, including Robert Costello, an attorney who wanted to represent Cohen after Cohen’s home and office were searched by the FBI in 2018. Costello had been put on the stand to refute Cohen’s claim that Costello was pressuring Cohen to stay on Trump’s “team.” But Costello’s emails showed that Trump was deciding which of Cohen’s lawyers he wanted to pay, and that Costello was concerned about not giving “the appearance that we are following instructions from [Rudy] Giuliani or the president,” referring to the former New York City mayor who was Trump’s lawyer at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>How this conviction could affect the 2024 election\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This likely is the only one of Trump’s four ongoing criminal cases that will be heard ahead of the 2024 election in November, since federal trials in Washington, D.C., and Florida, and a state case in Georgia are in various stages of delays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This decision in New York is likely to have rippling effects as Trump campaigns as the presumptive Republican presidential nominee. For now, the other 54 criminal charges he faces have not turned off potential voters and, among some Republicans, the cases have bolstered support for him. However, a conviction may not play well with independent and swing voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest \u003ca href=\"https://maristpoll.marist.edu/polls/novembers-presidential-election-may-2024/\">NPR/PBS NewsHour/Marist poll\u003c/a>, from May, showed that 17% of voters said they would be less likely to vote for Trump if he is convicted, while 15% said they would be more likely to vote for him. And 67% of registered voters nationally say it makes no difference to their vote if Trump is found guilty in his hush money trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Online influence operations based in Russia, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/04/26/1247347363/china-tiktok-national-security\">China\u003c/a>, Iran and Israel are using artificial intelligence in their efforts to manipulate the public, according to a new report from OpenAI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bad actors have used OpenAI’s tools, which include ChatGPT, to generate social media comments in multiple languages, make up names and bios for fake accounts, create cartoons and other images and debug code.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11985949,news_11988031,news_11985769\" label=\"Related Stories\"]OpenAI’s \u003ca href=\"http://openai.com/index/disrupting-deceptive-uses-of-AI-by-covert-influence-operations\">report\u003c/a> is the first of its kind from the company, which has swiftly become one of the leading players in AI. ChatGPT has gained more than 100 million users since its public launch in November 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even though AI tools have helped the people behind influence operations produce more content, make fewer errors and create the appearance of engagement with their posts, OpenAI said the operations it found didn’t gain significant traction with real people or reach large audiences. In some cases, the little authentic engagement their posts got was from users calling them out as fake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These operations may be using new technology, but they’re still struggling with the old problem of how to get people to fall for it,” said Ben Nimmo, principal investigator on OpenAI’s intelligence and investigations team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That echoes Facebook owner Meta’s \u003ca href=\"https://scontent-sjc3-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.8562-6/445235204_402858536059630_7403303878106178024_n.pdf?_nc_cat=100&ccb=1-7&_nc_sid=b8d81d&_nc_ohc=rLBTJHhbAdkQ7kNvgHJT95G&_nc_ht=scontent-sjc3-1.xx&oh=00_AYCX-M6MawEAAaBIxVvn69EvhyDvrhIEgYPgGBk9I0B1QA&oe=665DC5BF\">quarterly threat report\u003c/a> published on Wednesday. Meta’s report said that several of the covert operations it recently took down used AI to generate images, video and text but that the use of the cutting-edge technology hasn’t affected the company’s ability to disrupt efforts to manipulate people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The boom in generative artificial intelligence, which can quickly and easily produce realistic audio, video, images and text, is creating new avenues for fraud, scams and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/08/1229641751/ai-deepfakes-election-risks-lawmakers-tech-companies-artificial-intelligence\">manipulation\u003c/a>. In particular, the potential for AI fakes to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/16/1232001889/ai-deepfakes-election-tech-accord\">disrupt elections\u003c/a> is fueling fears as billions of people around the world \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/29/1220087754/2024-elections-targets-foes-democracy-disinformation\">head to the polls\u003c/a> this year, including in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/05/15/1251684195/election-interference-russia-china-senate-aritifical-intelligence\">U.S.\u003c/a>, India and the European Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past three months, OpenAI banned accounts linked to five covert influence operations, which it defines as “attempt[s] to manipulate public opinion or influence political outcomes without revealing the true identity or intentions of the actors behind them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That includes two operations well known to social media companies and researchers: Russia’s Doppelganger and a sprawling Chinese network dubbed \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/08/29/1196117574/meta-says-chinese-russian-influence-operations-are-among-the-biggest-its-taken-d\">Spamouflage\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doppelganger, which has been \u003ca href=\"https://therecord.media/russians-sanctioned-disinformation-social-design-agency-company-group-structura\">linked to the Kremlin\u003c/a> by the U.S. Treasury Department, is known for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/09/27/1125217316/facebook-takes-down-russian-network-impersonating-european-news-outlets\">spoofing legitimate news websites\u003c/a> to undermine support for Ukraine. Spamouflage operates across a wide range of social media platforms and internet forums, pushing pro-China messages and attacking critics of Beijing. Last year, Facebook owner Meta said Spamouflage is the largest covert influence operation it’s ever disrupted and linked it to Chinese law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Doppelganger and Spamouflage used OpenAI tools to generate comments in multiple languages that were posted across social media sites. The Russian network also used AI to translate articles from Russian into English and French and to turn website articles into Facebook posts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Spamouflage accounts used AI to debug code for a website targeting Chinese dissidents, to analyze social media posts, and to research news and current events. Some posts from fake Spamouflage accounts only received replies from other fake accounts in the same network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another previously unreported Russian network banned by OpenAI focused its efforts on spamming \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/03/14/1086483703/telegram-ukraine-war-russia\">the messaging app Telegram\u003c/a>. It used OpenAI tools to debug code for a program that automatically posted on Telegram and used AI to generate the comments its accounts posted on the app. Like Doppelganger, the operation’s efforts were broadly aimed at undermining support for Ukraine via posts that weighed in on politics in the U.S. and Moldova.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another campaign that both OpenAI and Meta said they disrupted in recent months traced back to a political marketing firm in Tel Aviv called Stoic. Fake accounts posed as Jewish students, African Americans and concerned citizens. They posted about the war in Gaza, praised Israel’s military and criticized college antisemitism and the U.N. relief agency for Palestinian refugees in the Gaza Strip, according to Meta. The posts were aimed at audiences in the U.S., Canada and Israel. Meta banned Stoic from its platforms and sent the company a cease and desist letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OpenAI said the Israeli operation used AI to generate and edit articles and comments posted across Instagram, Facebook and X, formerly Twitter, as well as to create fictitious personas and bios for fake accounts. It also found some activity from the network targeting elections in India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of the operations OpenAI disrupted only used AI-generated content. “This wasn’t a case of giving up on human generation and shifting to AI but of mixing the two,” Nimmo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said that while AI does offer threat actors some benefits, including boosting the volume of what they can produce and improving translations across languages, it doesn’t help them overcome the main challenge of distribution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can generate the content, but if you don’t have the distribution systems to land it in front of people in a way that seems credible, then you’re going to struggle getting it across,” Nimmo said. “And really, what we’re seeing here is that dynamic playing out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But companies like OpenAI must stay vigilant, he added. “This is not the time for complacency. History shows that influence operations which spent years failing to get anywhere can suddenly break out if nobody’s looking for them.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Online influence operations based in Russia, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/04/26/1247347363/china-tiktok-national-security\">China\u003c/a>, Iran and Israel are using artificial intelligence in their efforts to manipulate the public, according to a new report from OpenAI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bad actors have used OpenAI’s tools, which include ChatGPT, to generate social media comments in multiple languages, make up names and bios for fake accounts, create cartoons and other images and debug code.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>OpenAI’s \u003ca href=\"http://openai.com/index/disrupting-deceptive-uses-of-AI-by-covert-influence-operations\">report\u003c/a> is the first of its kind from the company, which has swiftly become one of the leading players in AI. ChatGPT has gained more than 100 million users since its public launch in November 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even though AI tools have helped the people behind influence operations produce more content, make fewer errors and create the appearance of engagement with their posts, OpenAI said the operations it found didn’t gain significant traction with real people or reach large audiences. In some cases, the little authentic engagement their posts got was from users calling them out as fake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These operations may be using new technology, but they’re still struggling with the old problem of how to get people to fall for it,” said Ben Nimmo, principal investigator on OpenAI’s intelligence and investigations team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That echoes Facebook owner Meta’s \u003ca href=\"https://scontent-sjc3-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.8562-6/445235204_402858536059630_7403303878106178024_n.pdf?_nc_cat=100&ccb=1-7&_nc_sid=b8d81d&_nc_ohc=rLBTJHhbAdkQ7kNvgHJT95G&_nc_ht=scontent-sjc3-1.xx&oh=00_AYCX-M6MawEAAaBIxVvn69EvhyDvrhIEgYPgGBk9I0B1QA&oe=665DC5BF\">quarterly threat report\u003c/a> published on Wednesday. Meta’s report said that several of the covert operations it recently took down used AI to generate images, video and text but that the use of the cutting-edge technology hasn’t affected the company’s ability to disrupt efforts to manipulate people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The boom in generative artificial intelligence, which can quickly and easily produce realistic audio, video, images and text, is creating new avenues for fraud, scams and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/08/1229641751/ai-deepfakes-election-risks-lawmakers-tech-companies-artificial-intelligence\">manipulation\u003c/a>. In particular, the potential for AI fakes to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/02/16/1232001889/ai-deepfakes-election-tech-accord\">disrupt elections\u003c/a> is fueling fears as billions of people around the world \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/12/29/1220087754/2024-elections-targets-foes-democracy-disinformation\">head to the polls\u003c/a> this year, including in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/05/15/1251684195/election-interference-russia-china-senate-aritifical-intelligence\">U.S.\u003c/a>, India and the European Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past three months, OpenAI banned accounts linked to five covert influence operations, which it defines as “attempt[s] to manipulate public opinion or influence political outcomes without revealing the true identity or intentions of the actors behind them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That includes two operations well known to social media companies and researchers: Russia’s Doppelganger and a sprawling Chinese network dubbed \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/08/29/1196117574/meta-says-chinese-russian-influence-operations-are-among-the-biggest-its-taken-d\">Spamouflage\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doppelganger, which has been \u003ca href=\"https://therecord.media/russians-sanctioned-disinformation-social-design-agency-company-group-structura\">linked to the Kremlin\u003c/a> by the U.S. Treasury Department, is known for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/09/27/1125217316/facebook-takes-down-russian-network-impersonating-european-news-outlets\">spoofing legitimate news websites\u003c/a> to undermine support for Ukraine. Spamouflage operates across a wide range of social media platforms and internet forums, pushing pro-China messages and attacking critics of Beijing. Last year, Facebook owner Meta said Spamouflage is the largest covert influence operation it’s ever disrupted and linked it to Chinese law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Doppelganger and Spamouflage used OpenAI tools to generate comments in multiple languages that were posted across social media sites. The Russian network also used AI to translate articles from Russian into English and French and to turn website articles into Facebook posts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Spamouflage accounts used AI to debug code for a website targeting Chinese dissidents, to analyze social media posts, and to research news and current events. Some posts from fake Spamouflage accounts only received replies from other fake accounts in the same network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another previously unreported Russian network banned by OpenAI focused its efforts on spamming \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/03/14/1086483703/telegram-ukraine-war-russia\">the messaging app Telegram\u003c/a>. It used OpenAI tools to debug code for a program that automatically posted on Telegram and used AI to generate the comments its accounts posted on the app. Like Doppelganger, the operation’s efforts were broadly aimed at undermining support for Ukraine via posts that weighed in on politics in the U.S. and Moldova.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another campaign that both OpenAI and Meta said they disrupted in recent months traced back to a political marketing firm in Tel Aviv called Stoic. Fake accounts posed as Jewish students, African Americans and concerned citizens. They posted about the war in Gaza, praised Israel’s military and criticized college antisemitism and the U.N. relief agency for Palestinian refugees in the Gaza Strip, according to Meta. The posts were aimed at audiences in the U.S., Canada and Israel. Meta banned Stoic from its platforms and sent the company a cease and desist letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OpenAI said the Israeli operation used AI to generate and edit articles and comments posted across Instagram, Facebook and X, formerly Twitter, as well as to create fictitious personas and bios for fake accounts. It also found some activity from the network targeting elections in India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of the operations OpenAI disrupted only used AI-generated content. “This wasn’t a case of giving up on human generation and shifting to AI but of mixing the two,” Nimmo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said that while AI does offer threat actors some benefits, including boosting the volume of what they can produce and improving translations across languages, it doesn’t help them overcome the main challenge of distribution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can generate the content, but if you don’t have the distribution systems to land it in front of people in a way that seems credible, then you’re going to struggle getting it across,” Nimmo said. “And really, what we’re seeing here is that dynamic playing out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But companies like OpenAI must stay vigilant, he added. “This is not the time for complacency. History shows that influence operations which spent years failing to get anywhere can suddenly break out if nobody’s looking for them.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "In This New Traffic Design, Driving on the Wrong Side of the Road Makes Left Turns Safer and Faster",
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"headTitle": "In This New Traffic Design, Driving on the Wrong Side of the Road Makes Left Turns Safer and Faster | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>When you first approach this bridge over Interstate 66 in northern Virginia, it may feel like you’re driving on the wrong side of the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because, in a way, you are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were a lot of people who looked at me like I was a little nuts,” said traffic engineer Gilbert Chlewicki, the inventor of this unconventional interchange. “Like, why are you putting me on the other side of the road?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chlewicki agreed to meet at this intersection 35 miles west of Washington, D.C., to explain the workings of the \u003ca href=\"https://divergingdiamond.com/history/\">diverging diamond interchange\u003c/a>, as it’s known. He was easy to spot, wearing a neon yellow vest for safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As you enter the interchange, the right and left sides of the road cross over each other at a stop light. You are, in fact, driving on the left side of the road at this point. From there, left turns become a lot easier because there’s no oncoming traffic in the way. Instead of waiting for a signal, you get a free left turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we do the cross-over to the left side of the road, that’s when the left turns happen, so the left is very easy,” Chlewicki said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means diverging diamond interchanges can be both more efficient and safer than conventional intersections with left turn lanes. There are now more than 200 of them across the U.S., in more than 30 states. But at first, it wasn’t easy to convince other traffic engineers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Anything different is a hard sell,” Chlewicki said. “Safety was the big question.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/traffic-drone-20240519/drone1.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-traffic-drone-20240519-drone1&parentTitle=Road%20planners%20embrace%20an%20unconventional%20intersection%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F05%2F28%2F1243933142%2Fdiverging-diamond-interchange-chlewicki\" width=\"1000\" height=\"450\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Making left turns safer and more efficient\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The first state to install a diverging diamond interchange was Missouri, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2009/11/24/120403340/diverging-diamond-traffic-flow-way-of-the-future\">way back in 2009\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Part of the thought was, okay, we put it in there, we see how this works,” said Stacy Reese, a district engineer with the Missouri Department of Transportation. “We were willing to take that risk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state put the first diverging diamond at a notoriously traffic-clogged intersection in Springfield, where it could often take as long as 20 minutes to make a left turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/traffic-drone-20240519/drone2.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-traffic-drone-20240519-drone2&parentTitle=Road%20planners%20embrace%20an%20unconventional%20intersection%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F05%2F28%2F1243933142%2Fdiverging-diamond-interchange-chlewicki\" width=\"1000\" height=\"480\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When MODOT opened the new intersection, those backups cleared up almost immediately. Reese said. And that wasn’t the only benefit: It was also safer than the traditional intersection it replaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We did see the crashes reduced somewhere in that 40% to 50% range, pretty much instantaneously,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Left turns are a big problem everywhere. They have a lot of what traffic engineers call “conflict points” with pedestrians as well as other cars. The diverging diamond design eliminates some of those conflicts, lowering the risk of side impact or T-bone crashes, which tend to be especially deadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988100\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988100\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1136\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy-800x535.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy-1020x682.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy-1536x1026.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In Haymarket, Virginia, as you enter the interchange, the right and left sides of the road cross over each other at a stop light. You are, in fact, driving on the left side of the road at this point. From there, left turns become a lot easier because there’s no oncoming traffic on the way. Instead of waiting for a signal, you get a free left turn. \u003ccite>(Whitney Shefte for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Drivers have strong feelings\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Still, some drivers say the unconventional interchange makes them nervous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hate it,” said Logan Wilcox, who drives a school bus in a community near the double diamond interchange in northern Virginia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel like someone that’s not familiar with it is gonna be coming through, and they’re gonna struggle with it,” Wilcox said. “It makes me really concerned that someone’s gonna hit me at any point with my bus full of children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other drivers at a local gas station like the design.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s fantastic. Less aggravation, less accidents. Love it,” said Greg Peterson of The Plains, Virginia. “Best money they ever spent doing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For this type of intersection, it works really well because the traffic flows,” agrees Cynthia Dodson of Marshall, Virginia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/traffic-drone-20240519/drone3.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-traffic-drone-20240519-drone3&parentTitle=Road%20planners%20embrace%20an%20unconventional%20intersection%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F05%2F28%2F1243933142%2Fdiverging-diamond-interchange-chlewicki\" width=\"1000\" height=\"400\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A lifelong passion for road design\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Reactions like those are gratifying for inventor Gilbert Chlewicki. In a sense, he’s been preparing for this career for most of his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was drawing roads as a little kid,” Chlewicki said. “I would draw lanes wide enough from my Hot Wheels, and I would just use a map to kind of guide me on what I wanted to draw.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chlewicki had the idea for the diverging diamond interchange when he was in graduate school at the University of Maryland. He presented the first major paper on it at a conference in 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988103\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988103\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1126\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy-1536x1017.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Virginia put the first diverging diamond at a notoriously traffic-clogged intersection in Springfield, where it could often take as long as 20 minutes to make a left turn. \u003ccite>(Whitney Shefte for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The idea caught the attention of engineers at the Federal Highway Administration, who began pushing to make it a reality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty years later, Chlewicki’s idea has crossed over into the mainstream. And while two decades may seem like a long time, he doesn’t see it that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Honestly, for government and for complex things like interchanges, this went super fast,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Virginia Department of Transportation now employs Chlewicki. He’s experimenting with some new “mutations” of the diverging diamond, as he puts it, combining them with roundabouts and other innovative traffic designs — still playing with model cars and paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When you first approach this bridge over Interstate 66 in northern Virginia, it may feel like you’re driving on the wrong side of the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because, in a way, you are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were a lot of people who looked at me like I was a little nuts,” said traffic engineer Gilbert Chlewicki, the inventor of this unconventional interchange. “Like, why are you putting me on the other side of the road?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chlewicki agreed to meet at this intersection 35 miles west of Washington, D.C., to explain the workings of the \u003ca href=\"https://divergingdiamond.com/history/\">diverging diamond interchange\u003c/a>, as it’s known. He was easy to spot, wearing a neon yellow vest for safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As you enter the interchange, the right and left sides of the road cross over each other at a stop light. You are, in fact, driving on the left side of the road at this point. From there, left turns become a lot easier because there’s no oncoming traffic in the way. Instead of waiting for a signal, you get a free left turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we do the cross-over to the left side of the road, that’s when the left turns happen, so the left is very easy,” Chlewicki said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means diverging diamond interchanges can be both more efficient and safer than conventional intersections with left turn lanes. There are now more than 200 of them across the U.S., in more than 30 states. But at first, it wasn’t easy to convince other traffic engineers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Anything different is a hard sell,” Chlewicki said. “Safety was the big question.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/traffic-drone-20240519/drone1.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-traffic-drone-20240519-drone1&parentTitle=Road%20planners%20embrace%20an%20unconventional%20intersection%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F05%2F28%2F1243933142%2Fdiverging-diamond-interchange-chlewicki\" width=\"1000\" height=\"450\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Making left turns safer and more efficient\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The first state to install a diverging diamond interchange was Missouri, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2009/11/24/120403340/diverging-diamond-traffic-flow-way-of-the-future\">way back in 2009\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Part of the thought was, okay, we put it in there, we see how this works,” said Stacy Reese, a district engineer with the Missouri Department of Transportation. “We were willing to take that risk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state put the first diverging diamond at a notoriously traffic-clogged intersection in Springfield, where it could often take as long as 20 minutes to make a left turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/traffic-drone-20240519/drone2.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-traffic-drone-20240519-drone2&parentTitle=Road%20planners%20embrace%20an%20unconventional%20intersection%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F05%2F28%2F1243933142%2Fdiverging-diamond-interchange-chlewicki\" width=\"1000\" height=\"480\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When MODOT opened the new intersection, those backups cleared up almost immediately. Reese said. And that wasn’t the only benefit: It was also safer than the traditional intersection it replaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We did see the crashes reduced somewhere in that 40% to 50% range, pretty much instantaneously,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Left turns are a big problem everywhere. They have a lot of what traffic engineers call “conflict points” with pedestrians as well as other cars. The diverging diamond design eliminates some of those conflicts, lowering the risk of side impact or T-bone crashes, which tend to be especially deadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988100\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988100\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1136\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy-800x535.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy-1020x682.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0921_custom-20b4f3244e28b74f803b947f430b0c7f10e976ad-copy-1536x1026.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In Haymarket, Virginia, as you enter the interchange, the right and left sides of the road cross over each other at a stop light. You are, in fact, driving on the left side of the road at this point. From there, left turns become a lot easier because there’s no oncoming traffic on the way. Instead of waiting for a signal, you get a free left turn. \u003ccite>(Whitney Shefte for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Drivers have strong feelings\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Still, some drivers say the unconventional interchange makes them nervous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hate it,” said Logan Wilcox, who drives a school bus in a community near the double diamond interchange in northern Virginia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel like someone that’s not familiar with it is gonna be coming through, and they’re gonna struggle with it,” Wilcox said. “It makes me really concerned that someone’s gonna hit me at any point with my bus full of children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other drivers at a local gas station like the design.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s fantastic. Less aggravation, less accidents. Love it,” said Greg Peterson of The Plains, Virginia. “Best money they ever spent doing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For this type of intersection, it works really well because the traffic flows,” agrees Cynthia Dodson of Marshall, Virginia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://apps.npr.org/dailygraphics/graphics/traffic-drone-20240519/drone3.html?initialWidth=953&childId=responsive-embed-traffic-drone-20240519-drone3&parentTitle=Road%20planners%20embrace%20an%20unconventional%20intersection%20%3A%20NPR&parentUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2024%2F05%2F28%2F1243933142%2Fdiverging-diamond-interchange-chlewicki\" width=\"1000\" height=\"400\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A lifelong passion for road design\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Reactions like those are gratifying for inventor Gilbert Chlewicki. In a sense, he’s been preparing for this career for most of his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was drawing roads as a little kid,” Chlewicki said. “I would draw lanes wide enough from my Hot Wheels, and I would just use a map to kind of guide me on what I wanted to draw.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chlewicki had the idea for the diverging diamond interchange when he was in graduate school at the University of Maryland. He presented the first major paper on it at a conference in 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11988103\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11988103\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1126\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/dji_0924_custom-65a68b483a79b28aee769f9b4376b7535be46d13-copy-1536x1017.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Virginia put the first diverging diamond at a notoriously traffic-clogged intersection in Springfield, where it could often take as long as 20 minutes to make a left turn. \u003ccite>(Whitney Shefte for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The idea caught the attention of engineers at the Federal Highway Administration, who began pushing to make it a reality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty years later, Chlewicki’s idea has crossed over into the mainstream. And while two decades may seem like a long time, he doesn’t see it that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Honestly, for government and for complex things like interchanges, this went super fast,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Virginia Department of Transportation now employs Chlewicki. He’s experimenting with some new “mutations” of the diverging diamond, as he puts it, combining them with roundabouts and other innovative traffic designs — still playing with model cars and paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "The Hidden Dangers of Sharing Adorable Photos of Your Child Online",
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"content": "\u003cp>Many parents share photos and videos of children on social media: birth announcements, making (an adorable) mess at the dinner table, and milestones like a first step.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are potential dangers to constantly posting about your child online, says \u003ca href=\"https://hls.harvard.edu/faculty/leah-a-plunkett/\">Leah Plunkett\u003c/a>, a faculty member at Harvard Law School who specializes in children, family law and technology. In Plunkett’s 2019 book \u003ca href=\"https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262539630/sharenthood/\">\u003cem>Sharenthood: Why We Should Think Before We Talk About Our Kids Online\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, she explains how adults can put children’s privacy and personal data at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This phenomenon is called “sharenting,” says Plunkett. Legal scholars in her field use the term — a portmanteau of “sharing” and “parenting” — to describe “all the ways that parents, aunts, uncles, teachers, coaches and other trusted adults in a kiddo’s life transmit children’s private information digitally.” It can make kids vulnerable to identity theft and harassment. And as they grow older, it may undercut their ability to tell their own story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plunkett talks to Life Kit about the different harms of oversharing, how to post information about your kid safely, and how to talk to loved ones about your limits. This interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Parents share a surprising amount of data about their kids online. A birthday photo, for example, can reveal a kid’s name, age and date of birth. What are some of the privacy concerns around that? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a thriving black market for personally identifiable information. Kids’ Social Security numbers, when combined with date of birth, name and address, are often good targets for identity theft. Most minors don’t have credit attached to their Social Security numbers, so [someone may be able to use them to] open fraudulent lines of credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Creditors don’t verify the age of applicants, so a bad actor \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://dos.ny.gov/what-you-should-know-about-child-identity-theft\">\u003cstrong>could potentially open a credit card without anyone noticing\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong> until the kid becomes an adult and wants a card of their own. What are some other security risks?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are tragic cases of stalking, bullying and harassment. They are rare, but they do happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So someone could use social media to figure out where your kid lives, goes to school and their patterns and routines. They could also learn about their likes and dislikes and insidiously use them.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other people don’t need to have information about the ins and outs of your child’s emotional and personal life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2024/05/16/sol-cotti-x-npr---sharenting_spot_sq-74ba89c1984245f8b913c0129f8f1c39b7fc86cb.jpg?s=1200&c=75&f=jpeg\">\u003cfigcaption>\u003ccite> (Sol Cotti for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You write in your book that children’s data is a form of currency. And there’s the adage that if a product is free, \u003c/strong>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>you\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003cstrong> are the product. What should adults think about when giving a company their child’s data? Or when reading the fine print on a social media platform?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents should be aware that they’re not going to know at the moment where a piece of information, photo or video, might go. When we click “I accept,” those agreements give companies and third parties a lot of latitude about what they can do with your data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After my book came out, \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> ran a big investigative piece about how social media photos of toddlers and young children had been surreptitiously \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/10/11/technology/flickr-facial-recognition.html\">used to train facial recognition software\u003c/a>. That’s one of many examples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, at some point down the road, maybe somebody makes a decision about your child based on the stuff you’ve put out about them — how your child is doing at school, how they’re moving through the world. Maybe that is an individual human decision-maker. Maybe that is an algorithmically driven data analysis product.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>And when you mean decision-makers, that could be a university recruiter or a hiring manager. And that may affect your child’s ability to tell their own story. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To themselves or others in the future. If the world is figuring out significant things about who they are online and making projections about who they’re going to be, it can undercut their ability to figure that out for themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reading your book, it’s clear you’re not like a Luddite. You have kids, but you haven’t sworn off social media. How do you avoid oversharing the digital realm?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since I started researching this topic, I adjusted my compass to be very minimalist. I pretty much never post my kids on social media. If I do, you don’t see their faces or anything that would identify them. I don’t use full names. I don’t celebrate their birthday on social media. I don’t show the kids standing in front of where they go to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I follow a “holiday card-or-less” rule of thumb when sharing on social media: updates you’d be comfortable with anyone, from your great aunt to your boss, seeing. Information that’s not going to embarrass anybody and isn’t particularly private.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Personally, my wife and I are pretty tight about the pictures we share of our child. How do we prevent other people, like family and friends, from taking photos of them at, say, a baptism or a birthday party and posting it online? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For something like a baptism or another rite of passage, it’s probably impossible to get everyone to not celebrate their joy and pride by taking out a phone. But it is OK to make a gentle request. You might say: \u003cem>Thank you so much for being in this moment with us. To be in the moment, we would request that you refrain from pictures or videos\u003c/em>. [aside postID=news_11985949 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/AP24134775174210-1020x680.jpg']Some people will listen, some people won’t. Then, make the call about whether or not it matters enough to you to follow up privately with the people who you see taking pictures and videos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How do you model digital consent with your kids?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conversation starts with very young kids. Explain what you’re doing, why you’re doing it, and where the image or video is going. You might say something like, “Hey, we’re having a really great meal. We’re using a recipe your grandfather sent us. I’m going to take a picture for him. Everybody smile for Grandpa.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You could also ask your kid at a pretty young age, “Are you OK with taking a photo? Anyone not feeling up for it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What questions should parents ask themselves before they hit post?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Are you posting a picture of your child in any state of undress? If you are, please don’t post it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Are you sharing your child’s location, full name or date of birth? If you are, think about whether that level of detail is necessary for your post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your parents shared a similar post about you at this age, how would you have felt about it? If the answer is that it would have bothered you, take another minute to think about what you need from this post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What advice do you have for parents who often share photos and videos of their children and their lives on social media? Is it too late for them? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I had the same reaction when I started researching all of this, and I’m here to tell you, take a deep breath. Don’t panic. If you want to change, go back over your social media posts and take down what you’re not so sure about. Then, make your settings private.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Please don’t be hard on yourselves. Since the dawn of time, parents have been making the best choices they can at any given moment, and then later being like, maybe I’ll do that differently going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Many parents share photos and videos of children on social media: birth announcements, making (an adorable) mess at the dinner table, and milestones like a first step.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are potential dangers to constantly posting about your child online, says \u003ca href=\"https://hls.harvard.edu/faculty/leah-a-plunkett/\">Leah Plunkett\u003c/a>, a faculty member at Harvard Law School who specializes in children, family law and technology. In Plunkett’s 2019 book \u003ca href=\"https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262539630/sharenthood/\">\u003cem>Sharenthood: Why We Should Think Before We Talk About Our Kids Online\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, she explains how adults can put children’s privacy and personal data at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This phenomenon is called “sharenting,” says Plunkett. Legal scholars in her field use the term — a portmanteau of “sharing” and “parenting” — to describe “all the ways that parents, aunts, uncles, teachers, coaches and other trusted adults in a kiddo’s life transmit children’s private information digitally.” It can make kids vulnerable to identity theft and harassment. And as they grow older, it may undercut their ability to tell their own story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plunkett talks to Life Kit about the different harms of oversharing, how to post information about your kid safely, and how to talk to loved ones about your limits. This interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Parents share a surprising amount of data about their kids online. A birthday photo, for example, can reveal a kid’s name, age and date of birth. What are some of the privacy concerns around that? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a thriving black market for personally identifiable information. Kids’ Social Security numbers, when combined with date of birth, name and address, are often good targets for identity theft. Most minors don’t have credit attached to their Social Security numbers, so [someone may be able to use them to] open fraudulent lines of credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Creditors don’t verify the age of applicants, so a bad actor \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://dos.ny.gov/what-you-should-know-about-child-identity-theft\">\u003cstrong>could potentially open a credit card without anyone noticing\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong> until the kid becomes an adult and wants a card of their own. What are some other security risks?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are tragic cases of stalking, bullying and harassment. They are rare, but they do happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So someone could use social media to figure out where your kid lives, goes to school and their patterns and routines. They could also learn about their likes and dislikes and insidiously use them.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other people don’t need to have information about the ins and outs of your child’s emotional and personal life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2024/05/16/sol-cotti-x-npr---sharenting_spot_sq-74ba89c1984245f8b913c0129f8f1c39b7fc86cb.jpg?s=1200&c=75&f=jpeg\">\u003cfigcaption>\u003ccite> (Sol Cotti for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You write in your book that children’s data is a form of currency. And there’s the adage that if a product is free, \u003c/strong>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>you\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003cstrong> are the product. What should adults think about when giving a company their child’s data? Or when reading the fine print on a social media platform?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents should be aware that they’re not going to know at the moment where a piece of information, photo or video, might go. When we click “I accept,” those agreements give companies and third parties a lot of latitude about what they can do with your data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After my book came out, \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> ran a big investigative piece about how social media photos of toddlers and young children had been surreptitiously \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/10/11/technology/flickr-facial-recognition.html\">used to train facial recognition software\u003c/a>. That’s one of many examples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, at some point down the road, maybe somebody makes a decision about your child based on the stuff you’ve put out about them — how your child is doing at school, how they’re moving through the world. Maybe that is an individual human decision-maker. Maybe that is an algorithmically driven data analysis product.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>And when you mean decision-makers, that could be a university recruiter or a hiring manager. And that may affect your child’s ability to tell their own story. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To themselves or others in the future. If the world is figuring out significant things about who they are online and making projections about who they’re going to be, it can undercut their ability to figure that out for themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reading your book, it’s clear you’re not like a Luddite. You have kids, but you haven’t sworn off social media. How do you avoid oversharing the digital realm?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since I started researching this topic, I adjusted my compass to be very minimalist. I pretty much never post my kids on social media. If I do, you don’t see their faces or anything that would identify them. I don’t use full names. I don’t celebrate their birthday on social media. I don’t show the kids standing in front of where they go to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I follow a “holiday card-or-less” rule of thumb when sharing on social media: updates you’d be comfortable with anyone, from your great aunt to your boss, seeing. Information that’s not going to embarrass anybody and isn’t particularly private.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Personally, my wife and I are pretty tight about the pictures we share of our child. How do we prevent other people, like family and friends, from taking photos of them at, say, a baptism or a birthday party and posting it online? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For something like a baptism or another rite of passage, it’s probably impossible to get everyone to not celebrate their joy and pride by taking out a phone. But it is OK to make a gentle request. You might say: \u003cem>Thank you so much for being in this moment with us. To be in the moment, we would request that you refrain from pictures or videos\u003c/em>. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Some people will listen, some people won’t. Then, make the call about whether or not it matters enough to you to follow up privately with the people who you see taking pictures and videos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How do you model digital consent with your kids?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conversation starts with very young kids. Explain what you’re doing, why you’re doing it, and where the image or video is going. You might say something like, “Hey, we’re having a really great meal. We’re using a recipe your grandfather sent us. I’m going to take a picture for him. Everybody smile for Grandpa.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You could also ask your kid at a pretty young age, “Are you OK with taking a photo? Anyone not feeling up for it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What questions should parents ask themselves before they hit post?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Are you posting a picture of your child in any state of undress? If you are, please don’t post it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Are you sharing your child’s location, full name or date of birth? If you are, think about whether that level of detail is necessary for your post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your parents shared a similar post about you at this age, how would you have felt about it? If the answer is that it would have bothered you, take another minute to think about what you need from this post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What advice do you have for parents who often share photos and videos of their children and their lives on social media? Is it too late for them? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I had the same reaction when I started researching all of this, and I’m here to tell you, take a deep breath. Don’t panic. If you want to change, go back over your social media posts and take down what you’re not so sure about. Then, make your settings private.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Please don’t be hard on yourselves. Since the dawn of time, parents have been making the best choices they can at any given moment, and then later being like, maybe I’ll do that differently going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Drowning deaths in the U.S. were on the decline for decades, but a new report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has found that fatalities have been increasing since 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it’s not exactly clear what’s causing the spike, public health experts believe the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic could be at least partly to blame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adam Katchmarchi, CEO of the National Drowning Prevention Alliance (NDPA), said there were signs recently that fatal drownings were increasing, but the national figures were stark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Shocking, to say the least, that we have seen these dramatic increases,” Katchmarchi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7320e1.htm?s_cid=mm7320e1_w#T1_down\">CDC report\u003c/a>, there were around 4,000 accidental drowning deaths in the U.S. in 2019. That jumped to more than 4,500 fatalities annually in 2020, 2021 and 2022 — roughly a 10% increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>During the pandemic, public pools closed and lifeguards went home\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The reasons for the increase in drowning deaths aren’t known for certain, but public health officials say the lockdowns and closures related to the pandemic affected how people interacted with the water recreationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDC Division of Injury Prevention health scientist Tessa Clemens, the lead author of the report, said in a follow-up email to NPR that the causes behind the increase in fatalities were “likely complex.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“However, we know that many public pools closed during the COVID-19 pandemic, which limited the availability of swimming lessons,” Clemens said. “Once pools reopened, many facilities faced shortages of trained swimming instructors and lifeguards, which further reduced availability of swimming lessons and safe swimming areas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill Ramos, an associate professor at the Indiana University School of Public Health, agreed that changes to daily life over the past several years likely impacted swimming safety and said that swimming education had been growing before the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically, the faucet was turned off,” Ramos said. “Lifeguards were not being trained. Children were not being taught swim lessons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drowning prevention experts recommend that everyone learn to swim, yet the CDC report found that an estimated 40 million American adults don’t know how. Nearly 55% have never taken a swimming lesson, which can be expensive and difficult for some people to access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramos said he hopes the country’s first national \u003ca href=\"https://www.watersafetyusa.org/uploads/7/0/6/0/70608285/usnwsap_v7.pdf\">water safety plan (PDF)\u003c/a>, which was released last year, will help reduce the number of drownings nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Young kids and older adults face the most risk\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For children between the ages of 1 and 4, drowning is the leading cause of death, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/drowning/index.html\">according to the CDC\u003c/a>. That age group saw a 28% increase in drowning fatalities between 2019 and 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adults 65 and older experienced the second-highest rate of drowning, the report found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were also racial and ethnic disparities in drowning deaths. American Indian and Alaska Native people had the highest rate of drowning fatalities among race and ethnic groups, followed by Black people, who saw a 28% spike in deaths between 2019 and 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hopefully, this is a wake-up call to the country on a number of fronts,” Katchmarchi said. “I think most people don’t recognize sometimes the complexity of the drowning problem in the United States, but also that it is 100% preventable and it doesn’t have to be this way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How to stay safe\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As the summer season approaches, drowning prevention advocates say there’s plenty you can do to reduce the risk of drowning for yourself and your loved ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For backyard pools, Ramos said groups should designate one non-distracted person whose sole focus is keeping an eye on the swimmers. They can wear a tag around their neck, and if they have to get up, they can give that tag to another person to ensure that someone is always paying attention to the pool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not sure why we haven’t done this, but in lifeguarding, we say the lifeguard’s job is patron surveillance. That’s their No. 1 job,” Ramos said. “We need to maybe be less afraid to say that to parents and caregivers as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=forum_2010101893972 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/43/2023/08/GettyImages-1370872099-1-1020x516.jpg']Katchmarchi says other critical \u003ca href=\"https://ndpa.org/layers/\">safety measures\u003c/a> include recommendations that everyone learns how to swim and that those taking care of others know how to give CPR with rescue breaths in case of an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pools should be equipped with fences and alarms, and swimmers should use life jackets in certain situations, including open water, the NDPA suggests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A drowning can occur in less than a minute, and prevention advocates say it may not look like what people expect from TV or the movies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s certainly not the event that we describe usually where a person is screaming and yelling and waving. That person is still what we consider a distressed swimmer,” Ramos said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They haven’t really become an active drowning victim yet because once you reach that point, it’s a very silent act. And it’s not very long after that before they’re in real trouble.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Shocking, to say the least, that we have seen these dramatic increases,” Katchmarchi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7320e1.htm?s_cid=mm7320e1_w#T1_down\">CDC report\u003c/a>, there were around 4,000 accidental drowning deaths in the U.S. in 2019. That jumped to more than 4,500 fatalities annually in 2020, 2021 and 2022 — roughly a 10% increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>During the pandemic, public pools closed and lifeguards went home\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The reasons for the increase in drowning deaths aren’t known for certain, but public health officials say the lockdowns and closures related to the pandemic affected how people interacted with the water recreationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDC Division of Injury Prevention health scientist Tessa Clemens, the lead author of the report, said in a follow-up email to NPR that the causes behind the increase in fatalities were “likely complex.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“However, we know that many public pools closed during the COVID-19 pandemic, which limited the availability of swimming lessons,” Clemens said. “Once pools reopened, many facilities faced shortages of trained swimming instructors and lifeguards, which further reduced availability of swimming lessons and safe swimming areas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill Ramos, an associate professor at the Indiana University School of Public Health, agreed that changes to daily life over the past several years likely impacted swimming safety and said that swimming education had been growing before the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically, the faucet was turned off,” Ramos said. “Lifeguards were not being trained. Children were not being taught swim lessons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drowning prevention experts recommend that everyone learn to swim, yet the CDC report found that an estimated 40 million American adults don’t know how. Nearly 55% have never taken a swimming lesson, which can be expensive and difficult for some people to access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramos said he hopes the country’s first national \u003ca href=\"https://www.watersafetyusa.org/uploads/7/0/6/0/70608285/usnwsap_v7.pdf\">water safety plan (PDF)\u003c/a>, which was released last year, will help reduce the number of drownings nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Young kids and older adults face the most risk\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For children between the ages of 1 and 4, drowning is the leading cause of death, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/drowning/index.html\">according to the CDC\u003c/a>. That age group saw a 28% increase in drowning fatalities between 2019 and 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adults 65 and older experienced the second-highest rate of drowning, the report found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were also racial and ethnic disparities in drowning deaths. American Indian and Alaska Native people had the highest rate of drowning fatalities among race and ethnic groups, followed by Black people, who saw a 28% spike in deaths between 2019 and 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hopefully, this is a wake-up call to the country on a number of fronts,” Katchmarchi said. “I think most people don’t recognize sometimes the complexity of the drowning problem in the United States, but also that it is 100% preventable and it doesn’t have to be this way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How to stay safe\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As the summer season approaches, drowning prevention advocates say there’s plenty you can do to reduce the risk of drowning for yourself and your loved ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For backyard pools, Ramos said groups should designate one non-distracted person whose sole focus is keeping an eye on the swimmers. They can wear a tag around their neck, and if they have to get up, they can give that tag to another person to ensure that someone is always paying attention to the pool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not sure why we haven’t done this, but in lifeguarding, we say the lifeguard’s job is patron surveillance. That’s their No. 1 job,” Ramos said. “We need to maybe be less afraid to say that to parents and caregivers as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Katchmarchi says other critical \u003ca href=\"https://ndpa.org/layers/\">safety measures\u003c/a> include recommendations that everyone learns how to swim and that those taking care of others know how to give CPR with rescue breaths in case of an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pools should be equipped with fences and alarms, and swimmers should use life jackets in certain situations, including open water, the NDPA suggests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A drowning can occur in less than a minute, and prevention advocates say it may not look like what people expect from TV or the movies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s certainly not the event that we describe usually where a person is screaming and yelling and waving. That person is still what we consider a distressed swimmer,” Ramos said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They haven’t really become an active drowning victim yet because once you reach that point, it’s a very silent act. And it’s not very long after that before they’re in real trouble.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>To some, the marked rise of antisemitism in the U.S. over the last few years has been shocking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for journalist Julia Ioffe, it’s been unsurprising and a reminder of the long history of persecution of Jews around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were second-class citizens,” Ioffe says, recalling her childhood in the Soviet Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were excluded from universities, from jobs, from overseas travel, where we were called names by our teachers and just random passersby on the street.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says the relative safety of Jews in the U.S. over the last few generations has been an exception to the larger scope of history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franklin Foer of \u003cem>The Atlantic \u003c/em>shares that sentiment. His latest piece is titled “\u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2024/04/us-anti-semitism-jewish-american-safety/677469/\">The Golden Age of American Jews is Ending\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Like many American Jews, I once considered antisemitism a threat largely emanating from the right,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most vivid examples was in 2017, when white supremacists marched in Charlottesville, Virginia, chanting, “Jews will not replace us.” That year, Jewish cemeteries were vandalized. There were bomb threats against Jewish Community Centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, in 2018, a man walked into the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh during Shabbat services and killed 11 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“‘In every generation, somebody rises up to kill us.’ That’s what we say in the Seder,” Ioffe says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That context helps explain why there is now so much debate over demonstrations in support of Palestinians — a debate over how to define antisemitism and what to do about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"hr\">Politics and antisemitism\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Democrats and Republicans both say they want to fight antisemitism, but that might be where the agreement ends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Republicans have held hearings into antisemitism in schools, and the House voted on a bill that would adopt a legal definition of antisemitism to enforce civil rights laws at schools. President Biden also gave a major speech on the topic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To Foer, the fact that politicians are even talking about antisemitism is important. “But on the other hand,” he says, “it inevitably becomes a hugely polarized thing, and you have Republicans in Congress trying to score political points.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ioffe similarly sees many of those efforts as disingenuous. She describes the political back and forth over antisemitism as “cynical opportunism.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To me, one of the things that’s … most dangerous for Jews is when we become a political football where both our needs, our safety, our humanness is completely erased,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Anti-Zionism vs. antisemitism\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Amid demonstrations in support of Palestinians, many are now grappling with the question of when, or if, anti-Zionism is antisemitic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can absolutely be anti-Zionist without being antisemitic,” Ioffe says. “One of the main ways that you do that is by being Jewish.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says people who are rightly “incensed and horrified” by the humanitarian crisis in Gaza can have noble intentions but blunder into antisemitic territory when talking about anti-Zionism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11985335,news_11985234,mindshift_62718\"]“Then you get into questions of double standards,” she says. “If the Palestinians have a right to national self-determination, do the Jews not have that? And if so, why not?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Foer agrees that it’s complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a whole range of people who I know who are anti-Zionist,” Foer says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Anti-Zionism is] not something I agree with … but I don’t think that they are, per se, antisemites.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is a line. To Foer, when people use the word Zionist, it’s often a synonym for Jew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It becomes a way of expressing thoughts about Jewish villainy, about Jewish control, about a Jewish cabal that would be socially unacceptable,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"contributors-text\">\u003cem>This is from an episode of the NPR podcast \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510355/considerthis\">Consider This\u003c/a>, hosted by Ari Shapiro, produced by Connor Donevan, edited by Courtney Dorning, with executive producer Sami Yenigun.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>To some, the marked rise of antisemitism in the U.S. over the last few years has been shocking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for journalist Julia Ioffe, it’s been unsurprising and a reminder of the long history of persecution of Jews around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were second-class citizens,” Ioffe says, recalling her childhood in the Soviet Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were excluded from universities, from jobs, from overseas travel, where we were called names by our teachers and just random passersby on the street.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says the relative safety of Jews in the U.S. over the last few generations has been an exception to the larger scope of history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franklin Foer of \u003cem>The Atlantic \u003c/em>shares that sentiment. His latest piece is titled “\u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2024/04/us-anti-semitism-jewish-american-safety/677469/\">The Golden Age of American Jews is Ending\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Like many American Jews, I once considered antisemitism a threat largely emanating from the right,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most vivid examples was in 2017, when white supremacists marched in Charlottesville, Virginia, chanting, “Jews will not replace us.” That year, Jewish cemeteries were vandalized. There were bomb threats against Jewish Community Centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, in 2018, a man walked into the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh during Shabbat services and killed 11 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“‘In every generation, somebody rises up to kill us.’ That’s what we say in the Seder,” Ioffe says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That context helps explain why there is now so much debate over demonstrations in support of Palestinians — a debate over how to define antisemitism and what to do about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"hr\">Politics and antisemitism\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Democrats and Republicans both say they want to fight antisemitism, but that might be where the agreement ends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Republicans have held hearings into antisemitism in schools, and the House voted on a bill that would adopt a legal definition of antisemitism to enforce civil rights laws at schools. President Biden also gave a major speech on the topic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To Foer, the fact that politicians are even talking about antisemitism is important. “But on the other hand,” he says, “it inevitably becomes a hugely polarized thing, and you have Republicans in Congress trying to score political points.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ioffe similarly sees many of those efforts as disingenuous. She describes the political back and forth over antisemitism as “cynical opportunism.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To me, one of the things that’s … most dangerous for Jews is when we become a political football where both our needs, our safety, our humanness is completely erased,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Anti-Zionism vs. antisemitism\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Amid demonstrations in support of Palestinians, many are now grappling with the question of when, or if, anti-Zionism is antisemitic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can absolutely be anti-Zionist without being antisemitic,” Ioffe says. “One of the main ways that you do that is by being Jewish.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says people who are rightly “incensed and horrified” by the humanitarian crisis in Gaza can have noble intentions but blunder into antisemitic territory when talking about anti-Zionism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Then you get into questions of double standards,” she says. “If the Palestinians have a right to national self-determination, do the Jews not have that? And if so, why not?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Foer agrees that it’s complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a whole range of people who I know who are anti-Zionist,” Foer says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Anti-Zionism is] not something I agree with … but I don’t think that they are, per se, antisemites.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is a line. To Foer, when people use the word Zionist, it’s often a synonym for Jew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It becomes a way of expressing thoughts about Jewish villainy, about Jewish control, about a Jewish cabal that would be socially unacceptable,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"contributors-text\">\u003cem>This is from an episode of the NPR podcast \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510355/considerthis\">Consider This\u003c/a>, hosted by Ari Shapiro, produced by Connor Donevan, edited by Courtney Dorning, with executive producer Sami Yenigun.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>For much of his young life, Jorge Sanchez regularly gasped for air, at times coughing so violently that he’d almost throw up. His mother whisked him to the emergency room late at night and slept with him to make sure he didn’t stop breathing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s had these problems since he was born, and I couldn’t figure out what was triggering his asthma,” Fabiola Sandoval said of her son, Jorge, now 4. “It’s so hard when your child is hurting. I was willing to try anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, community health workers visited Sandoval’s home in Turlock, a city in California’s Central Valley where dust from fruit and nut orchards billows through the air. They scoured Sandoval’s home for hazards and explained that harsh cleaning products, air fresheners, and airborne dust and pesticides can trigger an asthma attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team also provided Sandoval with air purifiers, a special vacuum cleaner that can suck dust out of the air, hypoallergenic mattress covers, and a humidity sensor — goods that retail for hundreds of dollars. Within a few months, Jorge was breathing easier and was able to run and play outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The in-home consultation and supplies were paid for by Medi-Cal, California’s Medicaid health insurance program for low-income residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11958159,news_11984163\" label=\"Related Stories\"]Gov. Gavin Newsom is spearheading an ambitious \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/CalAIM/Pages/CalAIM.aspx\">$12 billion experiment\u003c/a> to transform Medi-Cal into both a health insurer and a social services provider, one that relies not only on doctors and nurses but also on community health workers and nonprofit groups that offer dozens of services, including delivering healthy meals and helping \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/11/15/1212913732/should-medicaid-pay-to-help-someone-find-a-home-california-is-trying-it\">homeless people pay for housing\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These groups are redefining health care in California as they compete with businesses for a share of the money and become a new arm of the sprawling Medi-Cal bureaucracy that serves \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/dataandstats/dashboards/Pages/Continuous-Coverage-Eligibility-Unwinding-Dashboard-January2024.aspx\">nearly 15 million\u003c/a> low-income residents on \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/4838#:~:text=The%20Governor's%20budget%20includes%20%2435.9,from%20the%20previous%E2%80%91year%20level.\">an annual budget of $158 billion\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But worker shortages, negotiations with health insurance companies, and complex billing and technology systems have hamstrung the community groups’ ability to deliver the new services: Now into the third year of the ambitious five-year experiment, only a small fraction of eligible patients have received benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is still so new, and everyone is just overwhelmed at this point, so it’s slow-going,” said Kevin Hamilton, a senior director at the Central California Asthma Collaborative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11986104\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 568px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.18%E2%80%AFAM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11986104\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.18%E2%80%AFAM.png\" alt=\"A young boy wearing a blue polo shirt rests his arm against a woman who is out of the frame.\" width=\"568\" height=\"598\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.18 AM.png 568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.18 AM-160x168.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 568px) 100vw, 568px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fabiola Sandoval’s son, Jorge Sanchez, got relief from his asthma thanks to Medi-Cal’s new funding for social services. \u003ccite>(Angela Hart/KFF Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The collaborative has served about 3,650 patients, including Sandoval’s son Jorge, in eight counties since early 2022, he said. It has years of experience with Medi-Cal patients in the Central Valley and has received about $1.5 million of the new initiative’s money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By contrast, CalOptima Health, Orange County’s primary Medi-Cal insurer, is new to offering asthma benefits and has signed up 58 patients so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Asthma services are so difficult to get going” because the nonprofit infrastructure for these services is virtually nonexistent, said Kelly Bruno-Nelson, CalOptima’s executive director for Medi-Cal. “We need more community-based organizations on board because they’re the ones who can serve a population that nobody wants to deal with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Meet basic needs, reduce health care costs down the line\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Newsom, a Democrat in his second term, said his signature health care initiative, \u003ca href=\"https://calaim.dhcs.ca.gov/\">known as CalAIM\u003c/a>, seeks to reduce the cost of caring for the state’s sickest and most vulnerable patients, including homeless Californians, foster children, former inmates, and people battling addiction disorders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to in-home asthma remediation, CalAIM offers \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/CalAIM/Documents/DHCS-Medi-Cal-Community-Supports-Supplemental-Fact-Sheet.pdf\">13 broad categories\u003c/a> of social services, plus a benefit connecting eligible patients with one-on-one care managers to help them obtain anything they need to get healthier, from grocery shopping to finding a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said the goal is to keep people healthier and avoid costly care such as emergency room visits, ultimately saving taxpayer money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 25 managed-care insurance companies participating in Medi-Cal can choose which services they offer and contract with community groups to provide them. Insurers have hammered out about 4,300 large and small contracts with nonprofits and businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, about 103,000 Medi-Cal patients have received CalAIM services, and roughly 160,000 have been assigned personal care managers, \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/collections/a07f998dfefa497fbd7613981e4f6117?item=1\">according to state data\u003c/a>, a sliver of the hundreds of thousands of patients who likely qualify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re all new to health care,” and learning to navigate the bureaucracy “is such a foreign concept,” said Helena Lopez, executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://aghope.org/\">A Greater Hope\u003c/a>, a nonprofit organization providing social services in Riverside and San Bernardino counties, such as handing out baseball cleats to children to help them be active.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11986103\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1288px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10%E2%80%AFAM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11986103\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10%E2%80%AFAM.png\" alt=\"A woman wearing a black dress holds up a vacuum while a woman to her right wearing a mask sits down at the table.\" width=\"1288\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10 AM.png 1288w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10 AM-800x596.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10 AM-1020x760.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10 AM-160x119.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1288px) 100vw, 1288px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fabiola Sandoval (left) has struggled to help her son, Jorge Sanchez, control his asthma since he was an infant. Alondra Mercado (right), a community health worker, secured several items for her, including air filters, cleaning products, pillow and mattress covers, and a specialized vacuum that can suck dust out of the air. California’s Medicaid covered these items. \u003ccite>(Angela Hart/KFF Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Small nonprofits, big start-up costs to get paid by Medicaid\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Tiffany Sickler runs \u003ca href=\"https://www.kfh.org/\">Koinonia Family Services\u003c/a>, which offers California foster children mental health and other types of care, and even helped a patient pay off parking tickets. But the program is struggling on a shoestring budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you want to do this, you have to learn all these new systems” for getting paid through CalAIM, she said. “It’s been a huge learning curve and very time-consuming and frustrating, especially without adequate funding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brandon Richards, a Newsom spokesperson, defended CalAIM, saying it was “on the cutting edge of health care” and that the state was working to increase “awareness of these new services and support.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For nonprofits and businesses, CalAIM is a money-making opportunity — one that top state health officials hope to make permanent. Health insurers, which receive hefty payments from the state to serve more people and offer new services, share a portion with service providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some places, community groups compete with national corporations for new funding, such as Mom’s Meals, an Iowa-based company that delivers prepared meals across the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mom’s Meals has an advantage over neighborhood nonprofit groups because it has long served seniors on Medicare and was able to immediately start offering the CalAIM benefit of home-delivered meals for patients with chronic diseases. But even Mom’s Meals isn’t reaching everyone who qualifies because doctors and patients don’t always know it’s an option, said Catherine Macpherson, the company’s chief nutrition officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Utilization is not as high as it should be yet,” she said. “But we were well positioned because we already had departments to do billing and contracting with health care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Middleman companies also have their eye on the billions of CalAIM dollars and are popping up to assist small organizations going up against established ones like Mom’s Meals. For instance, the New York-based \u003ca href=\"https://nff.org/\">Nonprofit Finance Fund\u003c/a> advises homeless service providers on how to get more contracts and expand benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.fullcirclehn.org/\">Full Circle Health Network\u003c/a>, with 70 member organizations, is helping smaller nonprofit groups develop and deliver services primarily for families and foster children. Full Circle has signed a deal with Kaiser Permanente, allowing the health care giant to access its network of community groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re allowing organizations to launch these benefits much faster than they’ve been able to do and to reach more vulnerable people,” said Camille Schraeder, chief executive of Full Circle. “Many of these are grassroots organizations that have the trust and expertise on the ground, but they’re new to health care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest challenges community groups face is hiring workers, who are key to finding eligible patients and persuading them to participate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kathryn Phillips, a workforce expert at the California Health Care Foundation, said there isn’t enough seed money for community groups to hire workers and pay for new technology platforms. “They bring the trust that is needed, the cultural competency, the diversity of languages,” she said. “But there needs to be more funding and reimbursement to build this workforce.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health insurers said they are trying to increase the workforce. For instance, L.A. Care Health Plan, the largest Medi-Cal insurer in California, has given $66 million to community organizations for hiring and other CalAIM needs, said Sameer Amin, the group’s chief medical officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t have the staffing to do all this stuff, so we’re helping with that all while teaching them how to build up their health care infrastructure,” he said. “Everyone wants a win, but this isn’t going to be successful overnight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Central Valley, Jorge Sanchez is one of the lucky early beneficiaries of CalAIM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His mother credits the trust she established with community health workers, who spent many hours over multiple visits to teach her how to control her son’s asthma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I used to love cleaning with bleach” but learned it can trigger breathing problems, Sandoval said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since she implemented the health workers’ recommendations, Sandoval has been able to let Jorge sleep alone at night for the first time in four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having this program and all the things available is amazing,” Sandoval said, as she pointed to the dirty dust cup in her new vacuum cleaner. “Now my son doesn’t have as many asthma attacks, and he can run around and be a normal kid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was produced by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://kffhealthnews.org/about-us/\">\u003cem>KFF Health News,\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> a national newsroom that produces in-depth journalism about health issues and is one of the core operating programs at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/about-us/\">\u003cem>KFF\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. KFF Health News is the publisher of \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://californiahealthline.org/\">\u003cem>California Healthline\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, an editorially independent service of the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.chcf.org/\">\u003cem>California Health Care Foundation\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "California covers basic services for vulnerable residents, including things like air purifiers for kids with asthma. However, the nonprofits the state contracts with to offer those services are often stymied by the constraints of the larger health care system.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For much of his young life, Jorge Sanchez regularly gasped for air, at times coughing so violently that he’d almost throw up. His mother whisked him to the emergency room late at night and slept with him to make sure he didn’t stop breathing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s had these problems since he was born, and I couldn’t figure out what was triggering his asthma,” Fabiola Sandoval said of her son, Jorge, now 4. “It’s so hard when your child is hurting. I was willing to try anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, community health workers visited Sandoval’s home in Turlock, a city in California’s Central Valley where dust from fruit and nut orchards billows through the air. They scoured Sandoval’s home for hazards and explained that harsh cleaning products, air fresheners, and airborne dust and pesticides can trigger an asthma attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team also provided Sandoval with air purifiers, a special vacuum cleaner that can suck dust out of the air, hypoallergenic mattress covers, and a humidity sensor — goods that retail for hundreds of dollars. Within a few months, Jorge was breathing easier and was able to run and play outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The in-home consultation and supplies were paid for by Medi-Cal, California’s Medicaid health insurance program for low-income residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom is spearheading an ambitious \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/CalAIM/Pages/CalAIM.aspx\">$12 billion experiment\u003c/a> to transform Medi-Cal into both a health insurer and a social services provider, one that relies not only on doctors and nurses but also on community health workers and nonprofit groups that offer dozens of services, including delivering healthy meals and helping \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/11/15/1212913732/should-medicaid-pay-to-help-someone-find-a-home-california-is-trying-it\">homeless people pay for housing\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These groups are redefining health care in California as they compete with businesses for a share of the money and become a new arm of the sprawling Medi-Cal bureaucracy that serves \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/dataandstats/dashboards/Pages/Continuous-Coverage-Eligibility-Unwinding-Dashboard-January2024.aspx\">nearly 15 million\u003c/a> low-income residents on \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/4838#:~:text=The%20Governor's%20budget%20includes%20%2435.9,from%20the%20previous%E2%80%91year%20level.\">an annual budget of $158 billion\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But worker shortages, negotiations with health insurance companies, and complex billing and technology systems have hamstrung the community groups’ ability to deliver the new services: Now into the third year of the ambitious five-year experiment, only a small fraction of eligible patients have received benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is still so new, and everyone is just overwhelmed at this point, so it’s slow-going,” said Kevin Hamilton, a senior director at the Central California Asthma Collaborative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11986104\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 568px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.18%E2%80%AFAM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11986104\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.18%E2%80%AFAM.png\" alt=\"A young boy wearing a blue polo shirt rests his arm against a woman who is out of the frame.\" width=\"568\" height=\"598\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.18 AM.png 568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.18 AM-160x168.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 568px) 100vw, 568px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fabiola Sandoval’s son, Jorge Sanchez, got relief from his asthma thanks to Medi-Cal’s new funding for social services. \u003ccite>(Angela Hart/KFF Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The collaborative has served about 3,650 patients, including Sandoval’s son Jorge, in eight counties since early 2022, he said. It has years of experience with Medi-Cal patients in the Central Valley and has received about $1.5 million of the new initiative’s money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By contrast, CalOptima Health, Orange County’s primary Medi-Cal insurer, is new to offering asthma benefits and has signed up 58 patients so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Asthma services are so difficult to get going” because the nonprofit infrastructure for these services is virtually nonexistent, said Kelly Bruno-Nelson, CalOptima’s executive director for Medi-Cal. “We need more community-based organizations on board because they’re the ones who can serve a population that nobody wants to deal with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Meet basic needs, reduce health care costs down the line\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Newsom, a Democrat in his second term, said his signature health care initiative, \u003ca href=\"https://calaim.dhcs.ca.gov/\">known as CalAIM\u003c/a>, seeks to reduce the cost of caring for the state’s sickest and most vulnerable patients, including homeless Californians, foster children, former inmates, and people battling addiction disorders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to in-home asthma remediation, CalAIM offers \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/CalAIM/Documents/DHCS-Medi-Cal-Community-Supports-Supplemental-Fact-Sheet.pdf\">13 broad categories\u003c/a> of social services, plus a benefit connecting eligible patients with one-on-one care managers to help them obtain anything they need to get healthier, from grocery shopping to finding a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said the goal is to keep people healthier and avoid costly care such as emergency room visits, ultimately saving taxpayer money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 25 managed-care insurance companies participating in Medi-Cal can choose which services they offer and contract with community groups to provide them. Insurers have hammered out about 4,300 large and small contracts with nonprofits and businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, about 103,000 Medi-Cal patients have received CalAIM services, and roughly 160,000 have been assigned personal care managers, \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/collections/a07f998dfefa497fbd7613981e4f6117?item=1\">according to state data\u003c/a>, a sliver of the hundreds of thousands of patients who likely qualify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re all new to health care,” and learning to navigate the bureaucracy “is such a foreign concept,” said Helena Lopez, executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://aghope.org/\">A Greater Hope\u003c/a>, a nonprofit organization providing social services in Riverside and San Bernardino counties, such as handing out baseball cleats to children to help them be active.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11986103\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1288px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10%E2%80%AFAM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11986103\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10%E2%80%AFAM.png\" alt=\"A woman wearing a black dress holds up a vacuum while a woman to her right wearing a mask sits down at the table.\" width=\"1288\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10 AM.png 1288w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10 AM-800x596.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10 AM-1020x760.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/Screenshot-2024-05-14-at-10.42.10 AM-160x119.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1288px) 100vw, 1288px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fabiola Sandoval (left) has struggled to help her son, Jorge Sanchez, control his asthma since he was an infant. Alondra Mercado (right), a community health worker, secured several items for her, including air filters, cleaning products, pillow and mattress covers, and a specialized vacuum that can suck dust out of the air. California’s Medicaid covered these items. \u003ccite>(Angela Hart/KFF Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Small nonprofits, big start-up costs to get paid by Medicaid\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Tiffany Sickler runs \u003ca href=\"https://www.kfh.org/\">Koinonia Family Services\u003c/a>, which offers California foster children mental health and other types of care, and even helped a patient pay off parking tickets. But the program is struggling on a shoestring budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you want to do this, you have to learn all these new systems” for getting paid through CalAIM, she said. “It’s been a huge learning curve and very time-consuming and frustrating, especially without adequate funding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brandon Richards, a Newsom spokesperson, defended CalAIM, saying it was “on the cutting edge of health care” and that the state was working to increase “awareness of these new services and support.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For nonprofits and businesses, CalAIM is a money-making opportunity — one that top state health officials hope to make permanent. Health insurers, which receive hefty payments from the state to serve more people and offer new services, share a portion with service providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some places, community groups compete with national corporations for new funding, such as Mom’s Meals, an Iowa-based company that delivers prepared meals across the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mom’s Meals has an advantage over neighborhood nonprofit groups because it has long served seniors on Medicare and was able to immediately start offering the CalAIM benefit of home-delivered meals for patients with chronic diseases. But even Mom’s Meals isn’t reaching everyone who qualifies because doctors and patients don’t always know it’s an option, said Catherine Macpherson, the company’s chief nutrition officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Utilization is not as high as it should be yet,” she said. “But we were well positioned because we already had departments to do billing and contracting with health care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Middleman companies also have their eye on the billions of CalAIM dollars and are popping up to assist small organizations going up against established ones like Mom’s Meals. For instance, the New York-based \u003ca href=\"https://nff.org/\">Nonprofit Finance Fund\u003c/a> advises homeless service providers on how to get more contracts and expand benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.fullcirclehn.org/\">Full Circle Health Network\u003c/a>, with 70 member organizations, is helping smaller nonprofit groups develop and deliver services primarily for families and foster children. Full Circle has signed a deal with Kaiser Permanente, allowing the health care giant to access its network of community groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re allowing organizations to launch these benefits much faster than they’ve been able to do and to reach more vulnerable people,” said Camille Schraeder, chief executive of Full Circle. “Many of these are grassroots organizations that have the trust and expertise on the ground, but they’re new to health care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest challenges community groups face is hiring workers, who are key to finding eligible patients and persuading them to participate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kathryn Phillips, a workforce expert at the California Health Care Foundation, said there isn’t enough seed money for community groups to hire workers and pay for new technology platforms. “They bring the trust that is needed, the cultural competency, the diversity of languages,” she said. “But there needs to be more funding and reimbursement to build this workforce.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health insurers said they are trying to increase the workforce. For instance, L.A. Care Health Plan, the largest Medi-Cal insurer in California, has given $66 million to community organizations for hiring and other CalAIM needs, said Sameer Amin, the group’s chief medical officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t have the staffing to do all this stuff, so we’re helping with that all while teaching them how to build up their health care infrastructure,” he said. “Everyone wants a win, but this isn’t going to be successful overnight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Central Valley, Jorge Sanchez is one of the lucky early beneficiaries of CalAIM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His mother credits the trust she established with community health workers, who spent many hours over multiple visits to teach her how to control her son’s asthma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I used to love cleaning with bleach” but learned it can trigger breathing problems, Sandoval said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since she implemented the health workers’ recommendations, Sandoval has been able to let Jorge sleep alone at night for the first time in four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having this program and all the things available is amazing,” Sandoval said, as she pointed to the dirty dust cup in her new vacuum cleaner. “Now my son doesn’t have as many asthma attacks, and he can run around and be a normal kid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was produced by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://kffhealthnews.org/about-us/\">\u003cem>KFF Health News,\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> a national newsroom that produces in-depth journalism about health issues and is one of the core operating programs at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/about-us/\">\u003cem>KFF\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. KFF Health News is the publisher of \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://californiahealthline.org/\">\u003cem>California Healthline\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, an editorially independent service of the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.chcf.org/\">\u003cem>California Health Care Foundation\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "their-batteries-hurt-the-environment-but-evs-still-beat-gas-cars-heres-why",
"title": "Their Batteries Hurt the Environment, but EVs Still Beat Gas Cars. Here's Why",
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"headTitle": "Their Batteries Hurt the Environment, but EVs Still Beat Gas Cars. Here’s Why | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Electric vehicles are sometimes called “zero-emission vehicles.” But the batteries that go into them are not zero-emission at all. In fact, making those batteries takes \u003ca href=\"https://climate.mit.edu/ask-mit/how-much-co2-emitted-manufacturing-batteries\">a lot of (mostly-not-clean) energy \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/interactive/2023/electric-car-batteries-geography/\">hurts the environment in other ways\u003c/a>, a fact that’s become common knowledge after \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/partner-content-audi-nl-the-cost-of-batteries\">widespread \u003c/a>media \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/news/audio/2021/jan/11/the-curse-of-white-oil-electric-vehicles-dirty-secret-podcast\">coverage\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Does that environmental damage cancel out the green benefits of giving up gasoline? Or, as Jennifer Sousie, who owns a Nissan Leaf, put it: “Does the manufacturing and ultimate disposal of the batteries completely negate all the good that the no-emission aspect of my car does?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The answer is no. Here’s why.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Batteries do more harm upfront — then less year after year\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>With all that’s required to mine and process minerals — from giant diesel trucks to fossil-fuel-powered refineries — EV battery production has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kcrw.com/culture/shows/the-anti-dread-climate-podcast/whats-the-downside-of-going-electric\">a significant carbon footprint\u003c/a>. As a result, \u003ca href=\"https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/comparative-life-cycle-greenhouse-gas-emissions-of-a-mid-size-bev-and-ice-vehicle\">building an electric vehicle\u003c/a> does more damage to the climate than building a gas car does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the gas car starts to catch up as soon as it goes its first mile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you look at the climate impact of building \u003cem>and using \u003c/em>a vehicle — something called a “lifecycle analysis” — \u003ca href=\"https://theicct.org/publication/a-global-comparison-of-the-life-cycle-greenhouse-gas-emissions-of-combustion-engine-and-electric-passenger-cars/\">study \u003c/a>after \u003ca href=\"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1875764/\">study\u003c/a> has found a clear benefit to EVs. The size of the benefit varies — by vehicle, the source of the electricity it runs on, and a host of other factors — but the overall trend is obvious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The results were clearer than we thought, actually,” says Georg Bieker, with the International Council on Clean Transportation, who authored one of those reports. (This is the group \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2015/09/24/443053672/how-a-little-lab-in-west-virginia-caught-volkswagens-big-cheat\">that busted Volkswagen\u003c/a> for cheating on its emissions tests. Holding industries accountable for whether they’re actually reducing emissions is the ICCT’s whole \u003cem>thing.\u003c/em>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building a battery is an environmental cost that’s paid once. Burning gasoline is a cost that’s paid again, and again, and again.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Gasoline’s environmental cost is ongoing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Several listeners asked NPR about the negative impacts of mines, beyond carbon emissions. There are several: They disrupt habitats. They pollute with runoff or other waste. And people can suffer in other ways: \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/interactive/2023/ev-mineral-manganese-south-africa/\">worker poisonings\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2023/02/01/1152893248/red-cobalt-congo-drc-mining-siddharth-kara\">child labor\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/lithium-water-mining-indigenous-cb2f5b1580c12f8ba1b19223648069b7\">indigenous communities’ rights violated\u003c/a> and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thea Riofrancos is a political scientist who \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/01/29/1152387283/the-hidden-environmental-costs-of-the-transitioning-to-electric-vehicles\">has sounded the alarm\u003c/a> about these impacts. She’s glad people are asking these questions — which she’d like to see them do for more than just EVs. “The fact that mined products are in basically everything we use should give us pause,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, she says, anybody weighing an EV versus a gas-powered car needs to think just as carefully about the other side of the equation: the cost of relying on fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A traditional car needs mining every day, needs mining every time it’s used. It needs the whole extraction complex of fossil fuels in order to power it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The carbon pollution from burning gasoline and diesel in vehicles is the \u003ca href=\"https://usafacts.org/articles/what-are-the-main-sources-of-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions/\">top contributor to climate change in the U.S\u003c/a>. And there are other costs: Oil spills; funding for corrupt oil-rich regimes; the illnesses and preventable deaths caused by pollution from fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Add it up, she says, and if you’re concerned about all the harms from mining, you’ll still want to choose an EV over a comparable gas car.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>New technology and better practices can reduce EVs’ footprint\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are several ways that manufacturing EVs could become cleaner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public pressure and a shift toward mining in regions with stronger regulations, like the U.S. instead of China, could reduce the harms done in mines. New technology, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.wbur.org/onpoint/2024/03/11/lithium-reserves-boom-mining-elements-energy\">a mining method called “direct lithium extraction,”\u003c/a> could produce minerals with much smaller footprints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Batteries are also changing. A group called Lead the Charge is \u003ca href=\"https://leadthecharge.org/scorecards/\">evaluating automakers\u003c/a> on their efforts to clean up supply chains and source materials ethically; there’s a wide range of ratings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, if you want to avoid cobalt in your battery because of the horrific mining conditions, you could seek out an LFP battery, which is made \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/ev-batteries-lithium-iron-phosphate-narrows-gap-with-nickel-cobalt-2023-06-22/\">without cobalt\u003c/a> – they’re used in vehicles like the Tesla Model 3 and Ford Mach-E. In the future, batteries based on sodium might be an alternative to lithium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And last but not least, battery minerals \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhpr.org/environment/2022-01-26/mass-startup-transforms-old-electric-car-batteries-into-better-than-new-ones\">can be recycled\u003c/a>. This won’t meaningfully reduce the need for mining until huge numbers of EVs on the road have reached the end of their lifespan. But eventually, the same molecules of lithium and nickel could be used for many generations of cars – something that can’t be said for fossil fuels. (Recycling batteries is also important because it addresses environmental concerns about the risks of throwing them out.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11985790\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11985790\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy.jpg\" alt=\"A platform with four wheels sits parked on the side of the road.\" width=\"1300\" height=\"731\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy.jpg 1300w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A battery pack and a GMC Hummer EV stand outside an event in Lansing, Mich., in 2022. Thea Riofrancos says car shoppers concerned about the environmental impacts of mining for batteries can choose a smaller EV, instead of a behemoth like a Hummer, to minimize the harms. \u003ccite>(Jeff Kowalsky/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>What’s best for the planet? Smaller batteries, fewer vehicles\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, for people who want to minimize their impact on the environment today, Riofrancos has some advice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11980088,science_1992222,science_1991185\"]First, ask whether you need a car at all. Riofrancos is a big advocate for bikes and public transit, which have much smaller footprints than an EV. But she also knows first-hand that many parts of the U.S. are not designed for car-free living — after years as a bike commuter, she now lives in Providence, Rhode Island, where that doesn’t work. (She tried.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and her husband recently replaced their vehicle. “I was not going to buy another car that uses gasoline, knowing what I know about the climate,” she says. “But I also have a lot of question marks about EVs, knowing what I know about EV supply chains.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So after careful consideration, she bought an EV. But not just any EV. A used Chevy Bolt, which is a \u003cem>small \u003c/em>EV — smaller batteries require less mining. And since it was used, it was both more affordable and already had more than made up for the impacts of its manufacturing through the gasoline it had saved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Listeners worried about battery mining impacts are asking the right questions, Riofrancos says. And the answers are more complicated than “yes” or “no” to EVs — they might include what kind of EV, what size and type of battery, and whether to buy a car at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, there’s no perfect world out there, but there is better and worse and everything in between,” Riofrancos says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Experts say making the batteries that power electric vehicles is not a zero-emission process and has a significant carbon footprint, but that it's still a better alternative to gasoline vehicles in the long run. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Electric vehicles are sometimes called “zero-emission vehicles.” But the batteries that go into them are not zero-emission at all. In fact, making those batteries takes \u003ca href=\"https://climate.mit.edu/ask-mit/how-much-co2-emitted-manufacturing-batteries\">a lot of (mostly-not-clean) energy \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/interactive/2023/electric-car-batteries-geography/\">hurts the environment in other ways\u003c/a>, a fact that’s become common knowledge after \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/partner-content-audi-nl-the-cost-of-batteries\">widespread \u003c/a>media \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/news/audio/2021/jan/11/the-curse-of-white-oil-electric-vehicles-dirty-secret-podcast\">coverage\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Does that environmental damage cancel out the green benefits of giving up gasoline? Or, as Jennifer Sousie, who owns a Nissan Leaf, put it: “Does the manufacturing and ultimate disposal of the batteries completely negate all the good that the no-emission aspect of my car does?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The answer is no. Here’s why.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Batteries do more harm upfront — then less year after year\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>With all that’s required to mine and process minerals — from giant diesel trucks to fossil-fuel-powered refineries — EV battery production has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kcrw.com/culture/shows/the-anti-dread-climate-podcast/whats-the-downside-of-going-electric\">a significant carbon footprint\u003c/a>. As a result, \u003ca href=\"https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/comparative-life-cycle-greenhouse-gas-emissions-of-a-mid-size-bev-and-ice-vehicle\">building an electric vehicle\u003c/a> does more damage to the climate than building a gas car does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the gas car starts to catch up as soon as it goes its first mile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you look at the climate impact of building \u003cem>and using \u003c/em>a vehicle — something called a “lifecycle analysis” — \u003ca href=\"https://theicct.org/publication/a-global-comparison-of-the-life-cycle-greenhouse-gas-emissions-of-combustion-engine-and-electric-passenger-cars/\">study \u003c/a>after \u003ca href=\"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1875764/\">study\u003c/a> has found a clear benefit to EVs. The size of the benefit varies — by vehicle, the source of the electricity it runs on, and a host of other factors — but the overall trend is obvious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The results were clearer than we thought, actually,” says Georg Bieker, with the International Council on Clean Transportation, who authored one of those reports. (This is the group \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2015/09/24/443053672/how-a-little-lab-in-west-virginia-caught-volkswagens-big-cheat\">that busted Volkswagen\u003c/a> for cheating on its emissions tests. Holding industries accountable for whether they’re actually reducing emissions is the ICCT’s whole \u003cem>thing.\u003c/em>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building a battery is an environmental cost that’s paid once. Burning gasoline is a cost that’s paid again, and again, and again.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Gasoline’s environmental cost is ongoing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Several listeners asked NPR about the negative impacts of mines, beyond carbon emissions. There are several: They disrupt habitats. They pollute with runoff or other waste. And people can suffer in other ways: \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/interactive/2023/ev-mineral-manganese-south-africa/\">worker poisonings\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2023/02/01/1152893248/red-cobalt-congo-drc-mining-siddharth-kara\">child labor\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/lithium-water-mining-indigenous-cb2f5b1580c12f8ba1b19223648069b7\">indigenous communities’ rights violated\u003c/a> and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thea Riofrancos is a political scientist who \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/01/29/1152387283/the-hidden-environmental-costs-of-the-transitioning-to-electric-vehicles\">has sounded the alarm\u003c/a> about these impacts. She’s glad people are asking these questions — which she’d like to see them do for more than just EVs. “The fact that mined products are in basically everything we use should give us pause,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, she says, anybody weighing an EV versus a gas-powered car needs to think just as carefully about the other side of the equation: the cost of relying on fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A traditional car needs mining every day, needs mining every time it’s used. It needs the whole extraction complex of fossil fuels in order to power it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The carbon pollution from burning gasoline and diesel in vehicles is the \u003ca href=\"https://usafacts.org/articles/what-are-the-main-sources-of-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions/\">top contributor to climate change in the U.S\u003c/a>. And there are other costs: Oil spills; funding for corrupt oil-rich regimes; the illnesses and preventable deaths caused by pollution from fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Add it up, she says, and if you’re concerned about all the harms from mining, you’ll still want to choose an EV over a comparable gas car.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>New technology and better practices can reduce EVs’ footprint\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are several ways that manufacturing EVs could become cleaner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public pressure and a shift toward mining in regions with stronger regulations, like the U.S. instead of China, could reduce the harms done in mines. New technology, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.wbur.org/onpoint/2024/03/11/lithium-reserves-boom-mining-elements-energy\">a mining method called “direct lithium extraction,”\u003c/a> could produce minerals with much smaller footprints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Batteries are also changing. A group called Lead the Charge is \u003ca href=\"https://leadthecharge.org/scorecards/\">evaluating automakers\u003c/a> on their efforts to clean up supply chains and source materials ethically; there’s a wide range of ratings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, if you want to avoid cobalt in your battery because of the horrific mining conditions, you could seek out an LFP battery, which is made \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/ev-batteries-lithium-iron-phosphate-narrows-gap-with-nickel-cobalt-2023-06-22/\">without cobalt\u003c/a> – they’re used in vehicles like the Tesla Model 3 and Ford Mach-E. In the future, batteries based on sodium might be an alternative to lithium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And last but not least, battery minerals \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhpr.org/environment/2022-01-26/mass-startup-transforms-old-electric-car-batteries-into-better-than-new-ones\">can be recycled\u003c/a>. This won’t meaningfully reduce the need for mining until huge numbers of EVs on the road have reached the end of their lifespan. But eventually, the same molecules of lithium and nickel could be used for many generations of cars – something that can’t be said for fossil fuels. (Recycling batteries is also important because it addresses environmental concerns about the risks of throwing them out.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11985790\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1300px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11985790\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy.jpg\" alt=\"A platform with four wheels sits parked on the side of the road.\" width=\"1300\" height=\"731\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy.jpg 1300w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/gettyimages-1237977311_wide-fc4aa98bd1e7a13368e09d93ce0698d1c795b3ad-copy-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1300px) 100vw, 1300px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A battery pack and a GMC Hummer EV stand outside an event in Lansing, Mich., in 2022. Thea Riofrancos says car shoppers concerned about the environmental impacts of mining for batteries can choose a smaller EV, instead of a behemoth like a Hummer, to minimize the harms. \u003ccite>(Jeff Kowalsky/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>What’s best for the planet? Smaller batteries, fewer vehicles\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, for people who want to minimize their impact on the environment today, Riofrancos has some advice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>First, ask whether you need a car at all. Riofrancos is a big advocate for bikes and public transit, which have much smaller footprints than an EV. But she also knows first-hand that many parts of the U.S. are not designed for car-free living — after years as a bike commuter, she now lives in Providence, Rhode Island, where that doesn’t work. (She tried.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and her husband recently replaced their vehicle. “I was not going to buy another car that uses gasoline, knowing what I know about the climate,” she says. “But I also have a lot of question marks about EVs, knowing what I know about EV supply chains.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So after careful consideration, she bought an EV. But not just any EV. A used Chevy Bolt, which is a \u003cem>small \u003c/em>EV — smaller batteries require less mining. And since it was used, it was both more affordable and already had more than made up for the impacts of its manufacturing through the gasoline it had saved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Listeners worried about battery mining impacts are asking the right questions, Riofrancos says. And the answers are more complicated than “yes” or “no” to EVs — they might include what kind of EV, what size and type of battery, and whether to buy a car at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, there’s no perfect world out there, but there is better and worse and everything in between,” Riofrancos says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Violence Erupts at UCLA as Protests Over Israel’s War in Gaza Escalate Across the US",
"headTitle": "Violence Erupts at UCLA as Protests Over Israel’s War in Gaza Escalate Across the US | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Violence erupted at UCLA on Tuesday night after pro-Israel demonstrators attempted to forcibly dismantle an encampment of dozens of tents set up by pro-Palestinian protesters who have been camping on the school’s Dickson Plaza, a central green space on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Protesters in the encampment fought intermittently with the group, which ranged from 100 to more than 200 counterprotesters, witnesses said. People set off fireworks — and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MrOlmos/status/1785600611326763059\">journalists\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/C6bDyoiL_AA/\">protest organizers\u003c/a> said pepper spray or other irritants were used — before police were able to get the situation under control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The violence unfolding this evening at UCLA is absolutely abhorrent and inexcusable,” Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass said in a \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MayorOfLA/status/1785591832321151196\">post\u003c/a> on X, formerly Twitter, at 1:47 a.m. on Wednesday. “LAPD has arrived on campus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/MrOlmos/status/1785600611326763059\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The confrontation quickly became a flashpoint among dozens of university protests against the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/1205445976/middle-east-crisis\">Israel-Hamas war in Gaza\u003c/a> that have broken out on campuses across the U.S. A high-profile protest at Columbia University in New York was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/05/01/1248401802/columbia-university-protests-new-york\">shut down Tuesday night\u003c/a> after police entered a school building occupied by pro-Palestinian protesters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCLA canceled classes on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Governor calls delay in calming violence ‘unacceptable’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As news of the violence spread, so did questions about why administrators and police weren’t able to prevent it or mitigate it more quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The limited and delayed campus law enforcement response at UCLA last night was unacceptable, and it demands answers,” Gov. Gavin Newsom’s office \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/GovPressOffice/status/1785726609947046387\">said in a statement\u003c/a>, adding that the state “immediately deployed CHP personnel” once it became clear they were needed. The governor also condemned the violence that played out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hours before the confrontation, UCLA Chancellor Gene Block \u003ca href=\"https://chancellor.ucla.edu/messages/affirming-our-values-in-a-challenging-time/\">issued a statement\u003c/a> that said his administration had “taken several immediate actions,” including significantly boosting security by “adding greater numbers of law enforcement officers, safety personnel and student affairs mitigators.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/news/ucla-calls-in-police-after-violent-clashes-between-protest-groups-on-campus-violence-overnight-at-ucla-as-pro-israeli-counter-protesters\">member station LAist reports\u003c/a>, UCLA said on Wednesday that Block’s request for the city to send in police got “an immediate response.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But media reports from the campus describe an hours-long delay between the first clashes erupting and police intervening. Student newspaper, the \u003cem>Daily Bruin,\u003c/em> accused the school of \u003ca href=\"https://dailybruin.com/2024/05/01/editorial-ucla-is-complicit-in-violence-inflicted-upon-protesters-failed-to-protect-students\">failing to protect students\u003c/a> on its campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fireworks, tear gas and fights broke out just after 10:50 p.m. Tuesday night,” \u003ca href=\"https://dailybruin.com/2024/05/01/pro-israel-counter-protesters-attempt-to-storm-encampment-sparking-violence\">the newspaper reported\u003c/a>. It added that the school issued a statement at 12:40 a.m. saying it had called police. Police arrived slightly after 1 a.m., the paper said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was apparently another delay: After the LAPD and California Highway Patrol officers reached the campus, they moved to separate and disperse the groups around 3 a.m., according to \u003ca href=\"https://abc7.com/clashes-break-out-at-ucla-amid-dueling-demonstrations-between-pro-palestinian-and-pro-israeli-protesters/14749246/\">local TV station ABC 7\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Colleges are tearing down protest encampments\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pro-Palestinian tent camps have been popping up on college campuses around the country — and now, so are reports that universities are taking action against them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the organizers of the UCLA encampment, many other campus protesters said their chief demand is for their university systems to disclose all financial ties with Israel-based groups and divest from companies that do business there.[aside label=\"related coverage\"tag=\"gaza\"]Police moved against a pro-Palestinian encampment in Madison, Wisconsin, shortly after 7 a.m. local time Wednesday morning, resulting in at least 12 arrests and several injuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A student showed reporters a gash he said came from being stuck by a police shield, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.wpr.org/news/police-remove-tents-at-uw-madisons-pro-palestinian-encampment\">Wisconsin Public Radio\u003c/a>. Campus police said four officers were hurt, including a state trooper who was hit in the head by a protester’s skateboard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But two hours later, Madison protesters began setting up a new encampment with at least 15 tents. Leaders of the demonstration held trainings on how to resist further arrests and made plans for a march and rally for Wednesday afternoon,” WPR reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Tulane University, in New Orleans, on the last day of classes for most students, campus, city and state police officers converged on an encampment — an operation that student newspaper \u003ca href=\"https://tulanehullabaloo.com/66187/news/tulane-arrests-14-protesters-clears-pro-palestinian-encampment/\">\u003cem>The Tulane Hullabaloo\u003c/em>\u003c/a> said began before dawn on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"gaza\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 14 protesters were arrested, including two students, \u003ca href=\"https://news.tulane.edu/statements\">Tulane announced\u003c/a>. Earlier, the school had announced six arrests on Monday — including one student — and said it had suspended at least seven students for participating in what the university said was an “unlawful demonstration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the University of Arizona in Tucson, violent conflicts played out in and around campus in the early hours of Wednesday after police tore down an encampment near the school’s north Main Gate Square.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Around 2:00 a.m., law enforcement officers in gas masks and riot gear stormed a pro-Palestinian encampment on the University of Arizona campus,” reports \u003ca href=\"https://news.azpm.org/p/azpmnews/2024/5/1/220108-law-enforcement-storms-encampment-on-university-of-arizona-campus/\">Arizona Public Media\u003c/a>, which adds that hundreds of protest supporters were in the area and that the move came after a 10:30 p.m. deadline for protesters to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police made at least four arrests, AZPM reports, adding that people on the street heard a warning of “police deploying chemical irritant munitions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>UCLA’s buffer zone was overrun\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Images from the scene at the UCLA campus showed a large crowd of pro-Israel protesters pulling at metal barricades and wooden pallets the pro-Palestinian group had erected around their encampment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to calling for divestment, the UCLA protests are meant to show solidarity with people in Gaza. The Israel-Hamas war has killed more than 34,000 Palestinians, according to the Gaza Ministry of Health, while Israel said some 1,200 Israelis were killed by Hamas in an assault last October. Israel said Hamas is still holding \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/04/25/1247095103/a-hostage-video-is-out-of-one-of-the-americans-being-held-by-hamas-in-gaza\">133 hostages\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A crowd of counterprotesters had initially gathered near the Palestine Solidarity Encampment on Tuesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the evening wore on, members of the group “began wrestling with protesters inside and [private campus] security hired by UCLA,” according to the \u003cem>Daily Bruin.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From there, the violence continued to escalate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were 15 reported injuries, including one hospitalization, according to a spokesperson from the UC Office of the President, who said the office was ordering “an independent external review of both UCLA’s planning and actions, and the effectiveness of the mutual aid response.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The clash erupted days after the Israeli-American Council, an advocacy group, mounted a \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2024-04-28/gaza-ucla-usc-protests\">competing demonstration on Dickson Plaza\u003c/a>, adjacent to the encampment. Despite heightened tensions, that large rally on April 28 ended without major clashes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Images of that Israeli-American Council-organized event showed \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=827292792768622&set=a.479373187560586\">two large groups separated by a buffer zone\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Tuesday night, the buffer zone was overrun.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>NYPD clear protesters from Columbia University building\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Police ousted pro-Palestinian protesters at Columbia University from Hamilton Hall on Tuesday night — a school building they had been occupying since Monday. The New York Police Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/05/01/1248401802/columbia-university-protests-new-york\">mounted a large operation to remove the protesters\u003c/a>, using an armored vehicle and a mechanized drawbridge to convey officers into the building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Approximately 300 people were arrested,” New York Mayor Eric Adams \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PrgF3iOxS1U\">said on Wednesday\u003c/a>. That figure includes people who were on the Columbia University campus, as well as others arrested at City College — an institution in the City University of New York system that was a destination for a crowd of demonstrators who marched from Columbia University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adams stressed that the police operation took place at Columbia’s request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We went in and conducted an operation to allow Columbia University to remove those who have turned the peaceful protest into a place where antisemitism and anti-Israel attitudes were pervasive,” Adams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also reiterated that his administration believes many of the protests are led by “outside agitators” who are not students or otherwise a part of the college community. When asked to specify how many of the arrested demonstrators were unaffiliated with the university, Adams said the police are still sorting through records to determine that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Violence erupted at UCLA on Tuesday night after pro-Israel demonstrators attempted to forcibly dismantle an encampment of dozens of tents set up by pro-Palestinian protesters who have been camping on the school’s Dickson Plaza, a central green space on campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Protesters in the encampment fought intermittently with the group, which ranged from 100 to more than 200 counterprotesters, witnesses said. People set off fireworks — and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MrOlmos/status/1785600611326763059\">journalists\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/C6bDyoiL_AA/\">protest organizers\u003c/a> said pepper spray or other irritants were used — before police were able to get the situation under control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The violence unfolding this evening at UCLA is absolutely abhorrent and inexcusable,” Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass said in a \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MayorOfLA/status/1785591832321151196\">post\u003c/a> on X, formerly Twitter, at 1:47 a.m. on Wednesday. “LAPD has arrived on campus.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>The confrontation quickly became a flashpoint among dozens of university protests against the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/1205445976/middle-east-crisis\">Israel-Hamas war in Gaza\u003c/a> that have broken out on campuses across the U.S. A high-profile protest at Columbia University in New York was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/05/01/1248401802/columbia-university-protests-new-york\">shut down Tuesday night\u003c/a> after police entered a school building occupied by pro-Palestinian protesters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCLA canceled classes on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Governor calls delay in calming violence ‘unacceptable’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As news of the violence spread, so did questions about why administrators and police weren’t able to prevent it or mitigate it more quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The limited and delayed campus law enforcement response at UCLA last night was unacceptable, and it demands answers,” Gov. Gavin Newsom’s office \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/GovPressOffice/status/1785726609947046387\">said in a statement\u003c/a>, adding that the state “immediately deployed CHP personnel” once it became clear they were needed. The governor also condemned the violence that played out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hours before the confrontation, UCLA Chancellor Gene Block \u003ca href=\"https://chancellor.ucla.edu/messages/affirming-our-values-in-a-challenging-time/\">issued a statement\u003c/a> that said his administration had “taken several immediate actions,” including significantly boosting security by “adding greater numbers of law enforcement officers, safety personnel and student affairs mitigators.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/news/ucla-calls-in-police-after-violent-clashes-between-protest-groups-on-campus-violence-overnight-at-ucla-as-pro-israeli-counter-protesters\">member station LAist reports\u003c/a>, UCLA said on Wednesday that Block’s request for the city to send in police got “an immediate response.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But media reports from the campus describe an hours-long delay between the first clashes erupting and police intervening. Student newspaper, the \u003cem>Daily Bruin,\u003c/em> accused the school of \u003ca href=\"https://dailybruin.com/2024/05/01/editorial-ucla-is-complicit-in-violence-inflicted-upon-protesters-failed-to-protect-students\">failing to protect students\u003c/a> on its campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fireworks, tear gas and fights broke out just after 10:50 p.m. Tuesday night,” \u003ca href=\"https://dailybruin.com/2024/05/01/pro-israel-counter-protesters-attempt-to-storm-encampment-sparking-violence\">the newspaper reported\u003c/a>. It added that the school issued a statement at 12:40 a.m. saying it had called police. Police arrived slightly after 1 a.m., the paper said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was apparently another delay: After the LAPD and California Highway Patrol officers reached the campus, they moved to separate and disperse the groups around 3 a.m., according to \u003ca href=\"https://abc7.com/clashes-break-out-at-ucla-amid-dueling-demonstrations-between-pro-palestinian-and-pro-israeli-protesters/14749246/\">local TV station ABC 7\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Colleges are tearing down protest encampments\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pro-Palestinian tent camps have been popping up on college campuses around the country — and now, so are reports that universities are taking action against them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the organizers of the UCLA encampment, many other campus protesters said their chief demand is for their university systems to disclose all financial ties with Israel-based groups and divest from companies that do business there.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Police moved against a pro-Palestinian encampment in Madison, Wisconsin, shortly after 7 a.m. local time Wednesday morning, resulting in at least 12 arrests and several injuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A student showed reporters a gash he said came from being stuck by a police shield, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.wpr.org/news/police-remove-tents-at-uw-madisons-pro-palestinian-encampment\">Wisconsin Public Radio\u003c/a>. Campus police said four officers were hurt, including a state trooper who was hit in the head by a protester’s skateboard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But two hours later, Madison protesters began setting up a new encampment with at least 15 tents. Leaders of the demonstration held trainings on how to resist further arrests and made plans for a march and rally for Wednesday afternoon,” WPR reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Tulane University, in New Orleans, on the last day of classes for most students, campus, city and state police officers converged on an encampment — an operation that student newspaper \u003ca href=\"https://tulanehullabaloo.com/66187/news/tulane-arrests-14-protesters-clears-pro-palestinian-encampment/\">\u003cem>The Tulane Hullabaloo\u003c/em>\u003c/a> said began before dawn on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 14 protesters were arrested, including two students, \u003ca href=\"https://news.tulane.edu/statements\">Tulane announced\u003c/a>. Earlier, the school had announced six arrests on Monday — including one student — and said it had suspended at least seven students for participating in what the university said was an “unlawful demonstration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the University of Arizona in Tucson, violent conflicts played out in and around campus in the early hours of Wednesday after police tore down an encampment near the school’s north Main Gate Square.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Around 2:00 a.m., law enforcement officers in gas masks and riot gear stormed a pro-Palestinian encampment on the University of Arizona campus,” reports \u003ca href=\"https://news.azpm.org/p/azpmnews/2024/5/1/220108-law-enforcement-storms-encampment-on-university-of-arizona-campus/\">Arizona Public Media\u003c/a>, which adds that hundreds of protest supporters were in the area and that the move came after a 10:30 p.m. deadline for protesters to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police made at least four arrests, AZPM reports, adding that people on the street heard a warning of “police deploying chemical irritant munitions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>UCLA’s buffer zone was overrun\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Images from the scene at the UCLA campus showed a large crowd of pro-Israel protesters pulling at metal barricades and wooden pallets the pro-Palestinian group had erected around their encampment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to calling for divestment, the UCLA protests are meant to show solidarity with people in Gaza. The Israel-Hamas war has killed more than 34,000 Palestinians, according to the Gaza Ministry of Health, while Israel said some 1,200 Israelis were killed by Hamas in an assault last October. Israel said Hamas is still holding \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/04/25/1247095103/a-hostage-video-is-out-of-one-of-the-americans-being-held-by-hamas-in-gaza\">133 hostages\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A crowd of counterprotesters had initially gathered near the Palestine Solidarity Encampment on Tuesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the evening wore on, members of the group “began wrestling with protesters inside and [private campus] security hired by UCLA,” according to the \u003cem>Daily Bruin.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From there, the violence continued to escalate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were 15 reported injuries, including one hospitalization, according to a spokesperson from the UC Office of the President, who said the office was ordering “an independent external review of both UCLA’s planning and actions, and the effectiveness of the mutual aid response.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The clash erupted days after the Israeli-American Council, an advocacy group, mounted a \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2024-04-28/gaza-ucla-usc-protests\">competing demonstration on Dickson Plaza\u003c/a>, adjacent to the encampment. Despite heightened tensions, that large rally on April 28 ended without major clashes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Images of that Israeli-American Council-organized event showed \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=827292792768622&set=a.479373187560586\">two large groups separated by a buffer zone\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Tuesday night, the buffer zone was overrun.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>NYPD clear protesters from Columbia University building\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Police ousted pro-Palestinian protesters at Columbia University from Hamilton Hall on Tuesday night — a school building they had been occupying since Monday. The New York Police Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/05/01/1248401802/columbia-university-protests-new-york\">mounted a large operation to remove the protesters\u003c/a>, using an armored vehicle and a mechanized drawbridge to convey officers into the building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Approximately 300 people were arrested,” New York Mayor Eric Adams \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PrgF3iOxS1U\">said on Wednesday\u003c/a>. That figure includes people who were on the Columbia University campus, as well as others arrested at City College — an institution in the City University of New York system that was a destination for a crowd of demonstrators who marched from Columbia University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adams stressed that the police operation took place at Columbia’s request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We went in and conducted an operation to allow Columbia University to remove those who have turned the peaceful protest into a place where antisemitism and anti-Israel attitudes were pervasive,” Adams said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also reiterated that his administration believes many of the protests are led by “outside agitators” who are not students or otherwise a part of the college community. When asked to specify how many of the arrested demonstrators were unaffiliated with the university, Adams said the police are still sorting through records to determine that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"soldout": {
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