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"content": "\u003cp>Julie Lythcott-Haims stumbled on something troubling and surprising about the young adults in her midst. It started about twenty years ago, when she served as a dean at Stanford. There, in the company of some of the best and brightest strivers in the world, she found that many students relied upon parents to handle the run-of-the-mill stuff of life for them. Meanwhile, members of the Millennial generation more broadly were going on record as not knowing how to be adults, not wanting to be adults and finding adulthood scary. “Millennials self-identified as struggling,” Lythcott-Haims told me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The malaise prompted her to write \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.julielythcotthaims.com/your-turn\">Y\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.julielythcotthaims.com/your-turn\">our Turn: How to be an Adult\u003c/a>\u003cem>,\" \u003c/em>a guide for burgeoning grown-ups. The book explores how and why contemporary young people are so jittery and, most important, what they (and the rest of us) can do to make adulthood attractive rather than an inevitable bummer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t judge them,” Lythcott-Haims said quickly. If anyone’s to blame, it’s parents and other adults who have reared them with the message that danger lurks behind every corner and that Mom and Dad will do anything to rescue them from failure. Grown-ups have been so quick to scurry around and clear obstacles from their children’s path that many young adults, especially those from middle-class families and above, feel ill-equipped to manage on their own. Children from less privileged homes, it turns out, often grow up better prepared to enter adulthood because they’ve been less cossetted in childhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \"Your Turn,\" Lythcott-Haims—herself a recovering \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/40768/what-overparenting-looks-like-from-a-stanford-deans-perspective\">helicopter parent\u003c/a>—speaks directly to young people who may be struggling. But implicit in her guidance for young adults is advice for their parents, teachers and coaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.julielythcotthaims.com/your-turn\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-58003\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/06/Your-Turn-Julie-Lythcott-Haims-160x244.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"244\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/06/Your-Turn-Julie-Lythcott-Haims-160x244.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/06/Your-Turn-Julie-Lythcott-Haims.jpeg 182w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">\u003c/a>Her advice to parents comes in many forms. First, she advises them to resist reproaching their offspring for being fearful or hesitant about entering adulthood. “You can’t blame them for the childhood they had,” she said. Young people need to hear that their parents believe in them. She also encourages parents to look inward, with the help of a therapist, if necessary, to investigate why they’d rather take heroic measures to help their children achieve than allow their kids to figure it out for themselves. “We have decided that our child’s outputs are a reflection of our own worth,” she said; mothers and fathers can’t help but hover and intervene when their kids’ accomplishments feel like a referendum on their standing as parents. Some blunt self-examination might help parents understand not only \u003cem>why\u003c/em> they use the royal “we” when discussing their kids’ upcoming tests—“we have a mid-term next week”—but also \u003cem>how\u003c/em> this mindset hurts kids. “We mustn’t let our worries, fears and egos impede our children’s progress,” Lythcott-Haims added. There’s a correlation between over-parenting on the one hand, and the collapse of executive function skills, and increase in depression and anxiety among young people, on the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents also should do all they can to encourage self-reliance. This comes naturally at first: when a toddler begins to walk, most parents stand back and clap, applauding those early independent steps. The trick is to maintain that attitude as children age. Lythcott-Haims identifies three natural domains in which parents can press for greater independence: At home, children and teenagers should be expected to contribute to regular chores; at school, kids must do their own work; and in outside activities, children and teenagers should be learning how to advocate respectfully for themselves with authority figures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What can parents do who’ve been too enmeshed so far, but who now want to claw back their own lives and spur some independence in their teenagers? Talk to them about the coming change, Lythcott-Haims said. Acknowledge you’ve done too much, and that you recognize it’s time to get out of the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Say it with enthusiasm, not anger,” she added. “It’s a natural part of life.” Then coax them to greater independence by teaching them through these four steps:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Step one: do it for them.\u003cbr>\nStep two: do it with them.\u003cbr>\nStep three: watch them do it.\u003cbr>\nStep four: they can do it alone.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Another tip for parents: “Get a hobby, a friend, a book club,” she said. “Spend some hours every day not focused on your child,” she advised. It will be better for the child and the parent in the long run.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers and coaches have similar roles. Like parents, these adults should help kids become the best versions of themselves. And the way to do that is to focus on building kids’ \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/56946/how-can-teachers-nurture-meaningful-student-agency\">agency\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/52994/how-to-help-teenage-girls-reframe-anxiety-and-strengthen-resilience\">resilience\u003c/a> and accountability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not about getting A’s,” Lythcott-Haims said, while lamenting the absence of these developmental ends from report cards. Learning how to read, write and compute is important, but as vital is figuring out how to function independently and to carry on when adversity hits. Schools can help teachers and coaches work toward these larger goals by putting a hard stop on parental overinvolvement—like delivering forgotten items during the day and “helping” with homework. Lythcott-Haims suggests that teachers share “do’s and don’ts” slides at back-to-school night, delineating what kinds of participation by parents is acceptable and what’s out of bounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lythcott-Haims reflected on the strange, unintended shift in perspectives on adulthood between her generation and the current one. “We looked at adults and thought they had freedom and fun,” she said. She longed to grow up, to be free from the restrictions of childhood and the master of her own destiny. “That phase of life between childhood and death used to be called ‘living,’” she added. Getting back to such an outlook won’t be quick. Said Lythcott-Haims, “a major mind shift is required.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents also should do all they can to encourage self-reliance. This comes naturally at first: when a toddler begins to walk, most parents stand back and clap, applauding those early independent steps. The trick is to maintain that attitude as children age. Lythcott-Haims identifies three natural domains in which parents can press for greater independence: At home, children and teenagers should be expected to contribute to regular chores; at school, kids must do their own work; and in outside activities, children and teenagers should be learning how to advocate respectfully for themselves with authority figures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What can parents do who’ve been too enmeshed so far, but who now want to claw back their own lives and spur some independence in their teenagers? Talk to them about the coming change, Lythcott-Haims said. Acknowledge you’ve done too much, and that you recognize it’s time to get out of the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Say it with enthusiasm, not anger,” she added. “It’s a natural part of life.” Then coax them to greater independence by teaching them through these four steps:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Step one: do it for them.\u003cbr>\nStep two: do it with them.\u003cbr>\nStep three: watch them do it.\u003cbr>\nStep four: they can do it alone.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Another tip for parents: “Get a hobby, a friend, a book club,” she said. “Spend some hours every day not focused on your child,” she advised. It will be better for the child and the parent in the long run.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teachers and coaches have similar roles. Like parents, these adults should help kids become the best versions of themselves. And the way to do that is to focus on building kids’ \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/56946/how-can-teachers-nurture-meaningful-student-agency\">agency\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/52994/how-to-help-teenage-girls-reframe-anxiety-and-strengthen-resilience\">resilience\u003c/a> and accountability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not about getting A’s,” Lythcott-Haims said, while lamenting the absence of these developmental ends from report cards. Learning how to read, write and compute is important, but as vital is figuring out how to function independently and to carry on when adversity hits. Schools can help teachers and coaches work toward these larger goals by putting a hard stop on parental overinvolvement—like delivering forgotten items during the day and “helping” with homework. Lythcott-Haims suggests that teachers share “do’s and don’ts” slides at back-to-school night, delineating what kinds of participation by parents is acceptable and what’s out of bounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lythcott-Haims reflected on the strange, unintended shift in perspectives on adulthood between her generation and the current one. “We looked at adults and thought they had freedom and fun,” she said. She longed to grow up, to be free from the restrictions of childhood and the master of her own destiny. “That phase of life between childhood and death used to be called ‘living,’” she added. Getting back to such an outlook won’t be quick. Said Lythcott-Haims, “a major mind shift is required.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Jamin Crow waited silently for the bull moose to turn and face him. In the cold, the teen stood in an open meadow, his gun resting on a branch. He waited and waited and waited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the moose turned, and his brother started to yell, \"Shoot!\" If Crow didn't shoot, his brother would. So Crow took a deep breath and pulled the trigger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Your ears are ringing after the gunshot. And I look at my brother and he's giving me the happiest look I've ever seen,\" he says. \"Everything is perfect at that moment ...You know you succeeded in what your goal is.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crow lives in Bethel, in the remote Yukon Delta region of Alaska. For generations, his family has practiced subsistence hunting to get food on the table. The process hasn't changed much, except that these days, the Crows use motor boats and snowmobiles to get to their moose camp, which serves as a home base while they're on hunting trips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Food is very expensive here. You have to ship everything up,\" Crow says. \"We don't go out just for the antlers. We're not looking for trophies; we're not hunting for something big. We're looking for meat to feed our families.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crow is one of three Alaska Native students — along with Kaylee King and Ethan Lincoln — \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/user-409887613/npr-podcast-challenge-2021\">who made a podcast about their hunting tradition\u003c/a>. The students are from different towns, but met as interns at NPR's member station WUKY in their senior year of high school. Right before they graduated last spring, their podcast was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/05/16/996191376/the-2021-spc-honorable-mentions\">chosen as a finalist\u003c/a> in this year's NPR Student Podcast Challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58198\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-58198 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/kbasile-ykdelta-students-kyuk_custom-57899b4f8fc22526aa8ddebbf5996a06d83bb3f4-e1627058330123.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"947\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ethan Lincoln, Kaylee King and Jamin Crow. The three students say hunting helped them get through the isolation of the pandemic, when their schools and many other activities, like sports, were shut down because of COVID-19. \u003ccite>(Katie Basile/KYUK)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The three students say hunting helped them get through the isolation of the pandemic, when their schools and many other activities, like sports, were shut down because of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the podcast, Crow went hunting with his 17-year-old brother, Peter, but sometimes the whole family goes, including his father and grandmother. King and Lincoln — who are cousins — also go hunting with their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Nowadays, you see everybody go out and hunt. Dads will take their daughters,\" says Crow. \"It doesn't really matter what your gender is.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>COVID-19 did not hit Bethel until August of 2020 — when people started to travel to and from other cities. The virus quickly spread, closing schools through March of this year. Meanwhile, King's village of about 250 people managed to make it through with very few cases, and she was allowed to finish out high school in person; she was the only graduating senior in her town this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The students explain that, as time goes by, fewer and fewer people are practicing subsistence hunting. King, especially, feels a pressure to keep the traditions alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It makes me really sad because the way we used to do things is so different from how we do them now,\" King says. \"Even our language [Cup'ig] is slowly fading away.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" size=\"full\" ids=\"58191,58190,58192,58193,58188\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the students, the practice of hunting allows them to connect with older generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Whenever I go out hunting with my granny, I'm always hearing past stories about when my dad was a kid and he went hunting or my late grandpa [and] how he would just take the family up,\" Crow says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He sees peers like King practicing cultural dances, speaking the language and hunting, and he's hopeful the traditions he grew up with will last. He already knows he wants to share the hunting experience with his own children some day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we keep at this pace, I think our younger generation can pick it back up again because we have pride in our culture and we love where we are from and we don't want to see it fade away.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sneha Dey is an intern on NPR's Education Desk.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=When+Schools+Shut+Down+In+Alaska%2C+These+Students+Went+Moose+Hunting+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Jamin Crow waited silently for the bull moose to turn and face him. In the cold, the teen stood in an open meadow, his gun resting on a branch. He waited and waited and waited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the moose turned, and his brother started to yell, \"Shoot!\" If Crow didn't shoot, his brother would. So Crow took a deep breath and pulled the trigger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Your ears are ringing after the gunshot. And I look at my brother and he's giving me the happiest look I've ever seen,\" he says. \"Everything is perfect at that moment ...You know you succeeded in what your goal is.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crow lives in Bethel, in the remote Yukon Delta region of Alaska. For generations, his family has practiced subsistence hunting to get food on the table. The process hasn't changed much, except that these days, the Crows use motor boats and snowmobiles to get to their moose camp, which serves as a home base while they're on hunting trips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Food is very expensive here. You have to ship everything up,\" Crow says. \"We don't go out just for the antlers. We're not looking for trophies; we're not hunting for something big. We're looking for meat to feed our families.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crow is one of three Alaska Native students — along with Kaylee King and Ethan Lincoln — \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/user-409887613/npr-podcast-challenge-2021\">who made a podcast about their hunting tradition\u003c/a>. The students are from different towns, but met as interns at NPR's member station WUKY in their senior year of high school. Right before they graduated last spring, their podcast was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/05/16/996191376/the-2021-spc-honorable-mentions\">chosen as a finalist\u003c/a> in this year's NPR Student Podcast Challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58198\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-58198 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/kbasile-ykdelta-students-kyuk_custom-57899b4f8fc22526aa8ddebbf5996a06d83bb3f4-e1627058330123.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"947\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ethan Lincoln, Kaylee King and Jamin Crow. The three students say hunting helped them get through the isolation of the pandemic, when their schools and many other activities, like sports, were shut down because of COVID-19. \u003ccite>(Katie Basile/KYUK)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The three students say hunting helped them get through the isolation of the pandemic, when their schools and many other activities, like sports, were shut down because of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the podcast, Crow went hunting with his 17-year-old brother, Peter, but sometimes the whole family goes, including his father and grandmother. King and Lincoln — who are cousins — also go hunting with their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Nowadays, you see everybody go out and hunt. Dads will take their daughters,\" says Crow. \"It doesn't really matter what your gender is.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>COVID-19 did not hit Bethel until August of 2020 — when people started to travel to and from other cities. The virus quickly spread, closing schools through March of this year. Meanwhile, King's village of about 250 people managed to make it through with very few cases, and she was allowed to finish out high school in person; she was the only graduating senior in her town this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The students explain that, as time goes by, fewer and fewer people are practicing subsistence hunting. King, especially, feels a pressure to keep the traditions alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It makes me really sad because the way we used to do things is so different from how we do them now,\" King says. \"Even our language [Cup'ig] is slowly fading away.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the students, the practice of hunting allows them to connect with older generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Whenever I go out hunting with my granny, I'm always hearing past stories about when my dad was a kid and he went hunting or my late grandpa [and] how he would just take the family up,\" Crow says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He sees peers like King practicing cultural dances, speaking the language and hunting, and he's hopeful the traditions he grew up with will last. He already knows he wants to share the hunting experience with his own children some day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we keep at this pace, I think our younger generation can pick it back up again because we have pride in our culture and we love where we are from and we don't want to see it fade away.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sneha Dey is an intern on NPR's Education Desk.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=When+Schools+Shut+Down+In+Alaska%2C+These+Students+Went+Moose+Hunting+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Two 14-Year-Olds Grill An Author About The Future Of Humanity",
"title": "Two 14-Year-Olds Grill An Author About The Future Of Humanity",
"headTitle": "MindShift | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>What kind of world will Gen Z live in 20 years from now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's one of the questions that \u003ca href=\"https://www.cgdev.org/expert/charles-kenny\">Charles Kenny\u003c/a> aims to answer in \u003ca href=\"https://charleskenny.blogs.com/weblog/2021/04/your-world-better.html\">a new book\u003c/a> targeted to 12-15 year olds in \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Your-World-Better-Global-Progress-ebook/dp/B08ZJM1BL8\">\u003cem>Your World, Better: Global Progress and What You Can Do About It\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, published this spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kenny, a senior fellow at the think tank Center for Global Development, explains that over the past few decades — despite wars, droughts and disease — life has been getting better for billions of people around the globe in almost every way, and will continue to do so for years to come. Just look at the data:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Since 1990, 100 million children's lives have been saved from infectious diseases like measles and malaria, thanks to health measures like bed nets and vaccinations.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Today, fewer than 1 out of 10 people worldwide live on less than $1.90 a day. That's the cutoff for extreme poverty. About 40 years ago, half of humanity lived on that amount. The world is getting richer — and as a result, poverty is declining.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>More kids are going to school. In 2014, 61 million kids who should have been in elementary school were not in school. That's a lot — but it's also a sign of progress. The number in 2000 was 100 million.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-58127\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/61zvpvip7ul._sy600_-64c5486c45e86bd58044d3e63edb2aa009e73486-160x120.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"120\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/61zvpvip7ul._sy600_-64c5486c45e86bd58044d3e63edb2aa009e73486-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/61zvpvip7ul._sy600_-64c5486c45e86bd58044d3e63edb2aa009e73486.jpg 459w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">Will the book resonate with its intended audience? To be honest, it's been ... a couple of years ... since I was a teen. So I recruited Zoe Mendis and Alessia Matory, both 14, of Lake Ridge Middle School in Woodbridge, Va., to read the book and join me in asking Kenny about the topics that interest them most. Matory is a self-described humanitarian and feminist who loves reading and doing jigsaw and crossword puzzles. Mendis is a Girl Scout and an aspiring journalist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The timing of your book must have worried you — you argue that the world is getting better and we're in the middle of an unprecedented global pandemic. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have two kids and one is heading toward 14. I talk to her and her friends about the state of the world, and they are pretty depressed. They think things are going badly, and they've got good reasons for that. These are kids who have been to the Women's March, who have been taking part of Black Lives Matter protests. They're living through a pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58128\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 160px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-58128\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/img_5613_custom-28a85e85e72ee577c3ffa1e0b25a630d6d82d996-160x209.jpe\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"209\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/img_5613_custom-28a85e85e72ee577c3ffa1e0b25a630d6d82d996-160x209.jpe 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/img_5613_custom-28a85e85e72ee577c3ffa1e0b25a630d6d82d996.jpe 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Zoe Mendis, left, and Alessia Matory, both 14, on a school field trip to Washington, D.C., in 2019. The teens helped NPR interview Charles Kenny about his new book aimed at middle-schoolers: Your World, Better: Global Progress and What You Can Do About it.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But I do think they are missing part of the story. Things are far from perfect. But things are getting better, and there's reason for optimism. And it's important they hear this message because they are the generation that's going to fix the problems that remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alessia: What influenced your optimism about the world?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I spent a lot of my life at the World Bank, which is a big international bureaucracy that tries to improve the quality of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was doing research on economic growth — how much money people had worldwide — and was it going up or down. When I was researching in the 1990s, the picture was pretty grim. If you look at Africa, for example, people were pretty much as poor [in terms of their daily income] as they were in the 1960s, when the countries became independent from colonial rule from the U.K. and France and so on. But if you looked at other measures, they were doing better. The chances of a child dying in the first five years of life were \u003ca href=\"https://blogs.worldbank.org/opendata/new-child-and-youth-mortality-estimates-show-dramatic-reductions-progress-threatened#:~:text=Globally%2C%20under%2Dfive%20mortality%20has,to%2038%20deaths%20in%202019.&text=7.4%20million%20children%2C%20adolescents%2C%20and,than%2020%2C000%20deaths%20per%20day.\">going down dramatically\u003c/a>. Many poor people \u003ca href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/how-many-children-are-not-in-school\">were now in school\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That exercise made me think there's more to the story than income. And that led to a long-term interest in other measures of what's a good life. Having money is important, but it's not the only part of a good life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alessia: Being a \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/06/02/996319297/gender-identity-pronouns-expression-guide-lgbtq#:~:text=Cisgender%2C%20or%20simply%20cis%2C%20is,they%20were%20assigned%20at%20birth.&text=A%20transgender%20man%2C%20for%20example,whose%20gender%20identity%20is%20male.\">\u003cstrong>cis\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong> white man, do you think you might be pulling your optimism from personal experience more than reality?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's a fair question. I am so much more privileged than the average citizen of Earth. But my personal experience can tell me almost nothing about the state of the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why I go to the data. Statistics aren't always the most fascinating thing. But they are a more reliable guide of how the world is doing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Zoe: Do you believe the world will continue to improve at this steady rate, or do you think there will be a point where things will change in the other direction?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58129\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 160px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-58129 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/6a00d8345220cd69e20278801ec837200d_custom-1922b58ab921fc5ac131a644ca36fa4664b7ea07-160x255.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"255\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/6a00d8345220cd69e20278801ec837200d_custom-1922b58ab921fc5ac131a644ca36fa4664b7ea07-160x255.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/6a00d8345220cd69e20278801ec837200d_custom-1922b58ab921fc5ac131a644ca36fa4664b7ea07-800x1274.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/6a00d8345220cd69e20278801ec837200d_custom-1922b58ab921fc5ac131a644ca36fa4664b7ea07-1020x1625.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/6a00d8345220cd69e20278801ec837200d_custom-1922b58ab921fc5ac131a644ca36fa4664b7ea07-768x1223.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/6a00d8345220cd69e20278801ec837200d_custom-1922b58ab921fc5ac131a644ca36fa4664b7ea07-964x1536.jpg 964w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/6a00d8345220cd69e20278801ec837200d_custom-1922b58ab921fc5ac131a644ca36fa4664b7ea07-1286x2048.jpg 1286w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/6a00d8345220cd69e20278801ec837200d_custom-1922b58ab921fc5ac131a644ca36fa4664b7ea07.jpg 1585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The cover of Charles Kenny's book, Your World, Better.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There are all sorts of ways things could go horribly wrong. There could be a nuclear war. Greenland's ice sheets could fall off all at once, and the sea level goes up. There could be a worse pandemic. These are things we should be focusing on more, because if they do happen they could be absolutely catastrophic. But they're hopefully not likely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think the likeliest thing to happen is that progress will continue. Nearly every kid will get the opportunity to grow up because they won't die in childhood. Nearly every child will be in school for a few years. We'll probably see a little less war. And the kind of grinding poverty that was the lot of most of humanity for most of history will pretty much go away everywhere. Your generation is the largest probably ever. And the thing that creates progress is people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is that why you refer to kids born after 2000 as the \"greatest generation?\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2.72 billion people born worldwide between 2001 and 2020 are the healthiest and the most educated. They've grown up with the greatest sense of rights being important of any generation. They will have more technologies to achieve more things than ever before. I think they are shaping up to be pretty darn fantastic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alessia: Do you think our generation is too sensitive about social justice issues? Or do you see us as responsive or empathetic leaders? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think you're more sensitive and that's good. There are things you worry about that frankly, when I was your age, I didn't think about at all. There are concerns you have about, among other things, inequality but also elements of gender identity. It's a sign of progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alessia: Do you think people are hardwired to assume the worst when it comes to grand social issues rather than assume the best?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People are \u003ca href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/optimism-pessimism\">definitely hardwired\u003c/a> in lots of ways. If you survey people and ask them: What's going on regarding crime in your neighborhood? In your city? In the country? On average, if you took a countrywide sample, people think the crime isn't too much of a problem in their neighborhood. They think it's \u003cem>more\u003c/em> of a problem in their city and a \u003cem>huge\u003c/em> problem in the nation. You can do the same question with happiness. How happy are you on a scale from 1 to 10? How happy is the average American?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We do seem to be hardwired to think that we are doing better [in our own lives] than most other people [in the rest of the world]. And that's a problem. It leads to people being depressed about the state of the world and less optimistic about how their kids are going to do [in the world in the future].\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Zoe: Are there any global issues that will be taken more seriously in the future? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I'm going to kick it back to you. What do you think will be important 20 years from now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Zoe: If there's another pandemic like this one, that might be something we take more seriously — especially with sanitation, masks and vaccinations. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I think here will be more viewpoints in our education, because right now in school, especially with history, it's taught through the point of the victor.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is one of the reasons I have so much hope about the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Two+14-Year-Olds+Grill+An+Author+About+The+Future+Of+Humanity&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "In his new book for Gen Z readers, Charles Kenny explains why despite all the gloom and doom, the world is getting better for billions. NPR turned to two Gen Zers to help ask him the tough questions.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>What kind of world will Gen Z live in 20 years from now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's one of the questions that \u003ca href=\"https://www.cgdev.org/expert/charles-kenny\">Charles Kenny\u003c/a> aims to answer in \u003ca href=\"https://charleskenny.blogs.com/weblog/2021/04/your-world-better.html\">a new book\u003c/a> targeted to 12-15 year olds in \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Your-World-Better-Global-Progress-ebook/dp/B08ZJM1BL8\">\u003cem>Your World, Better: Global Progress and What You Can Do About It\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, published this spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kenny, a senior fellow at the think tank Center for Global Development, explains that over the past few decades — despite wars, droughts and disease — life has been getting better for billions of people around the globe in almost every way, and will continue to do so for years to come. Just look at the data:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Since 1990, 100 million children's lives have been saved from infectious diseases like measles and malaria, thanks to health measures like bed nets and vaccinations.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Today, fewer than 1 out of 10 people worldwide live on less than $1.90 a day. That's the cutoff for extreme poverty. About 40 years ago, half of humanity lived on that amount. The world is getting richer — and as a result, poverty is declining.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>More kids are going to school. In 2014, 61 million kids who should have been in elementary school were not in school. That's a lot — but it's also a sign of progress. The number in 2000 was 100 million.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-58127\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/61zvpvip7ul._sy600_-64c5486c45e86bd58044d3e63edb2aa009e73486-160x120.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"120\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/61zvpvip7ul._sy600_-64c5486c45e86bd58044d3e63edb2aa009e73486-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/61zvpvip7ul._sy600_-64c5486c45e86bd58044d3e63edb2aa009e73486.jpg 459w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">Will the book resonate with its intended audience? To be honest, it's been ... a couple of years ... since I was a teen. So I recruited Zoe Mendis and Alessia Matory, both 14, of Lake Ridge Middle School in Woodbridge, Va., to read the book and join me in asking Kenny about the topics that interest them most. Matory is a self-described humanitarian and feminist who loves reading and doing jigsaw and crossword puzzles. Mendis is a Girl Scout and an aspiring journalist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The timing of your book must have worried you — you argue that the world is getting better and we're in the middle of an unprecedented global pandemic. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have two kids and one is heading toward 14. I talk to her and her friends about the state of the world, and they are pretty depressed. They think things are going badly, and they've got good reasons for that. These are kids who have been to the Women's March, who have been taking part of Black Lives Matter protests. They're living through a pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58128\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 160px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-58128\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/img_5613_custom-28a85e85e72ee577c3ffa1e0b25a630d6d82d996-160x209.jpe\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"209\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/img_5613_custom-28a85e85e72ee577c3ffa1e0b25a630d6d82d996-160x209.jpe 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/img_5613_custom-28a85e85e72ee577c3ffa1e0b25a630d6d82d996.jpe 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Zoe Mendis, left, and Alessia Matory, both 14, on a school field trip to Washington, D.C., in 2019. The teens helped NPR interview Charles Kenny about his new book aimed at middle-schoolers: Your World, Better: Global Progress and What You Can Do About it.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But I do think they are missing part of the story. Things are far from perfect. But things are getting better, and there's reason for optimism. And it's important they hear this message because they are the generation that's going to fix the problems that remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alessia: What influenced your optimism about the world?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I spent a lot of my life at the World Bank, which is a big international bureaucracy that tries to improve the quality of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was doing research on economic growth — how much money people had worldwide — and was it going up or down. When I was researching in the 1990s, the picture was pretty grim. If you look at Africa, for example, people were pretty much as poor [in terms of their daily income] as they were in the 1960s, when the countries became independent from colonial rule from the U.K. and France and so on. But if you looked at other measures, they were doing better. The chances of a child dying in the first five years of life were \u003ca href=\"https://blogs.worldbank.org/opendata/new-child-and-youth-mortality-estimates-show-dramatic-reductions-progress-threatened#:~:text=Globally%2C%20under%2Dfive%20mortality%20has,to%2038%20deaths%20in%202019.&text=7.4%20million%20children%2C%20adolescents%2C%20and,than%2020%2C000%20deaths%20per%20day.\">going down dramatically\u003c/a>. Many poor people \u003ca href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/how-many-children-are-not-in-school\">were now in school\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That exercise made me think there's more to the story than income. And that led to a long-term interest in other measures of what's a good life. Having money is important, but it's not the only part of a good life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alessia: Being a \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/06/02/996319297/gender-identity-pronouns-expression-guide-lgbtq#:~:text=Cisgender%2C%20or%20simply%20cis%2C%20is,they%20were%20assigned%20at%20birth.&text=A%20transgender%20man%2C%20for%20example,whose%20gender%20identity%20is%20male.\">\u003cstrong>cis\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong> white man, do you think you might be pulling your optimism from personal experience more than reality?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's a fair question. I am so much more privileged than the average citizen of Earth. But my personal experience can tell me almost nothing about the state of the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why I go to the data. Statistics aren't always the most fascinating thing. But they are a more reliable guide of how the world is doing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Zoe: Do you believe the world will continue to improve at this steady rate, or do you think there will be a point where things will change in the other direction?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_58129\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 160px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-58129 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/6a00d8345220cd69e20278801ec837200d_custom-1922b58ab921fc5ac131a644ca36fa4664b7ea07-160x255.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"255\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/6a00d8345220cd69e20278801ec837200d_custom-1922b58ab921fc5ac131a644ca36fa4664b7ea07-160x255.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/6a00d8345220cd69e20278801ec837200d_custom-1922b58ab921fc5ac131a644ca36fa4664b7ea07-800x1274.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/6a00d8345220cd69e20278801ec837200d_custom-1922b58ab921fc5ac131a644ca36fa4664b7ea07-1020x1625.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/6a00d8345220cd69e20278801ec837200d_custom-1922b58ab921fc5ac131a644ca36fa4664b7ea07-768x1223.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/6a00d8345220cd69e20278801ec837200d_custom-1922b58ab921fc5ac131a644ca36fa4664b7ea07-964x1536.jpg 964w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/6a00d8345220cd69e20278801ec837200d_custom-1922b58ab921fc5ac131a644ca36fa4664b7ea07-1286x2048.jpg 1286w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/07/6a00d8345220cd69e20278801ec837200d_custom-1922b58ab921fc5ac131a644ca36fa4664b7ea07.jpg 1585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The cover of Charles Kenny's book, Your World, Better.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There are all sorts of ways things could go horribly wrong. There could be a nuclear war. Greenland's ice sheets could fall off all at once, and the sea level goes up. There could be a worse pandemic. These are things we should be focusing on more, because if they do happen they could be absolutely catastrophic. But they're hopefully not likely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think the likeliest thing to happen is that progress will continue. Nearly every kid will get the opportunity to grow up because they won't die in childhood. Nearly every child will be in school for a few years. We'll probably see a little less war. And the kind of grinding poverty that was the lot of most of humanity for most of history will pretty much go away everywhere. Your generation is the largest probably ever. And the thing that creates progress is people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is that why you refer to kids born after 2000 as the \"greatest generation?\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2.72 billion people born worldwide between 2001 and 2020 are the healthiest and the most educated. They've grown up with the greatest sense of rights being important of any generation. They will have more technologies to achieve more things than ever before. I think they are shaping up to be pretty darn fantastic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alessia: Do you think our generation is too sensitive about social justice issues? Or do you see us as responsive or empathetic leaders? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think you're more sensitive and that's good. There are things you worry about that frankly, when I was your age, I didn't think about at all. There are concerns you have about, among other things, inequality but also elements of gender identity. It's a sign of progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alessia: Do you think people are hardwired to assume the worst when it comes to grand social issues rather than assume the best?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People are \u003ca href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/optimism-pessimism\">definitely hardwired\u003c/a> in lots of ways. If you survey people and ask them: What's going on regarding crime in your neighborhood? In your city? In the country? On average, if you took a countrywide sample, people think the crime isn't too much of a problem in their neighborhood. They think it's \u003cem>more\u003c/em> of a problem in their city and a \u003cem>huge\u003c/em> problem in the nation. You can do the same question with happiness. How happy are you on a scale from 1 to 10? How happy is the average American?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We do seem to be hardwired to think that we are doing better [in our own lives] than most other people [in the rest of the world]. And that's a problem. It leads to people being depressed about the state of the world and less optimistic about how their kids are going to do [in the world in the future].\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Zoe: Are there any global issues that will be taken more seriously in the future? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I'm going to kick it back to you. What do you think will be important 20 years from now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Zoe: If there's another pandemic like this one, that might be something we take more seriously — especially with sanitation, masks and vaccinations. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I think here will be more viewpoints in our education, because right now in school, especially with history, it's taught through the point of the victor.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is one of the reasons I have so much hope about the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Two+14-Year-Olds+Grill+An+Author+About+The+Future+Of+Humanity&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>No parent imagines that teen dating violence could affect their child. Yet according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/ipv/TDV-factsheet_508.pdf\">26% of women\u003c/a> say they experienced intimate partner violence before they were 18. Shailaja Dixit, who works at \u003ca href=\"https://save-dv.org/\">Safe Alternatives to Violent Environments \u003c/a>(SAVE), a nonprofit that helps survivors of intimate partner violence, says adults need to acknowledge that teen dating violence is real.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dating abuse can happen to anyone — it doesn't matter if the teen is a good student, plays sports or seems happy. A teen in an abusive relationship may not understand what's happening or have the experience to know what to do — so adults are critical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are a few tips for adults who can help.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Normalize conversations about relationships and sex\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\"\u003c/em>I think one of the best things that adults can do is make conversations around healthy relationships and sex a normal conversation that you have,\" says Melissa Espinoza, who also works at SAVE, counseling youth. She says having casual conversations gives both of you an opportunity to share values and expectations. Start simple: \"Are your friends dating anyone?\" or \"Have you thought about dating?\" Espinoza says, don't be discouraged if your teen acts as if you don't understand or doesn't say much — they \u003cem>are\u003c/em> listening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Use a story in the news or a movie to ease into conversations about how relationships are portrayed in popular culture and ask the teen what they think. Don't worry if you feel awkward or stumble through the first few chats, Dixit says. \"This is like a muscle that develops,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And don't think of this as a one-off conversation; rather, think of it as one that is ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Be a trusted adult\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A trusted adult could be a parent, but relatives, school counselors, pastors or even friends' parents can support a teen, too. It's a good idea to encourage your child to grow relationships with trusted adults in addition to their parents, so they have a network of support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Espinoza says if you want to be one of these safe, trusted adults, you need to balance the protectiveness you feel for the teen with respect for their decisions. Let them know they can talk to you about anything. Many times, teens are scared of sharing something like relationship abuse — believing that they may get into trouble for dating when they weren't supposed to or that they won't be allowed to go out anymore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just take the time to listen to what they have to share and don't give just advice,\" Espinoza says. \"And then, if they ask for it, share your input as well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says that doesn't mean you can't share your values or what you believe, just do it so that the emphasis is always on how much you love the teen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Espinoza suggests setting aside time when you can go for ice cream or take a walk or shoot hoops. That helps build that relationship because it shows you are available. It also makes it easier to spot changes in a child such as if they become withdrawn or start changing how they dress or suddenly have different friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dixit says being \"emotionally observant\" goes a long way. But, she cautions, if a teen shares something about their dating partner, don't freak out, even if that's how you feel inside. She says dismissing the relationship and connection the teen feels can backfire. \"If the parents say, 'Hey, you can't see [that person],' what ends up happening? They'll start sneaking out or sneaking around.\" She says have open and honest conversation instead by saying, \"Let me hear your needs and you can hear our needs as parents, too. And how can we help you?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Model healthy relationships\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Dixit says showing a teen what a \"healthy relationship\" looks like is at the heart of preventing abusive ones. \"It's really the ability to feel like you're equal when you're with your partner. Is there humor? Is there respect? Do you feel scared when you voice an opinion, or are you heard and received? Do you feel physically safe? Do you feel mentally safe? Is there respect for boundaries?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says that sometimes, parents inadvertently model similar power dynamics as abusers — where they don't empower teens to set boundaries, where they equate love with control. \"If the youth sees love as control and invasion, then we have not helped them build the muscle that recognizes boundaries and asserts [them],\" Dixit says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Examine how boundaries are treated in your home, she says. How do members treat emotions? Is there a culture of shame and silence when you are unhappy with your teen?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While all this is something to strive for, Dixit also says, recognize that no parent is perfect. \"I have to remind all adults to have self-compassion.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Recognize that friends are important\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Remember that developmentally, your teen's peer group is very important to them at this age, and they can be a strong source of support. \"Friends can get where no hotline [or] parents can,\" Dixit says. An abuser relies on isolation, and a friend can break that. They can also remind the teen that they're worth loving and respecting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if you don't like your teen's friends, it isn't helpful to criticize them or tell your teen they can't hang out together. Instead, try to develop a dialogue so your teen feels heard.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Reach out for help\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Dixit says if you suspect or know abuse is taking place, it's important to reach out for professional help. There are advocacy groups in every state — the more local the better because laws can differ. If you're helping a teen in an abusive relationship, don't stigmatize mental health, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can talk to counselors in organizations like hers, confidentially. Dixit says a counselor can help involve the teen in decisions so they have buy-in. And they can help your teen create a \"safety plan\" or a way to reach resources. That might include clarifying who the teen's safe adult is or which phone numbers a teen should memorize, should they need them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This safety plan will differ based on the context. For example, in school, a safety plan may mean having a buddy walk with the teen between classes or having a code word with friends to indicate that the teen needs help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These friends can reach out for professional resources, too. Espinoza says she always tells teens that when a friend is in an abusive relationship, they are not breaking the friend's trust by telling an adult what's going on — in fact, they are helping.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The podcast portion of this episode was produced by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/895092631/clare-schneider\">\u003cem>Clare Marie Schneider\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>We'd love to hear from you. Leave us a voicemail at 202-216-9823 or email us at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"mailto:LifeKit@npr.org\">\u003cem>LifeKit@npr.org\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>For more Life Kit, \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/newsletter/life-kit\">\u003cem>subscribe to our newsletter\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Millions+Of+Teens+Experience+Abusive+Relationships.+Here%27s+How+Adults+Can+Help&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>No parent imagines that teen dating violence could affect their child. Yet according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/ipv/TDV-factsheet_508.pdf\">26% of women\u003c/a> say they experienced intimate partner violence before they were 18. Shailaja Dixit, who works at \u003ca href=\"https://save-dv.org/\">Safe Alternatives to Violent Environments \u003c/a>(SAVE), a nonprofit that helps survivors of intimate partner violence, says adults need to acknowledge that teen dating violence is real.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dating abuse can happen to anyone — it doesn't matter if the teen is a good student, plays sports or seems happy. A teen in an abusive relationship may not understand what's happening or have the experience to know what to do — so adults are critical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are a few tips for adults who can help.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Normalize conversations about relationships and sex\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\"\u003c/em>I think one of the best things that adults can do is make conversations around healthy relationships and sex a normal conversation that you have,\" says Melissa Espinoza, who also works at SAVE, counseling youth. She says having casual conversations gives both of you an opportunity to share values and expectations. Start simple: \"Are your friends dating anyone?\" or \"Have you thought about dating?\" Espinoza says, don't be discouraged if your teen acts as if you don't understand or doesn't say much — they \u003cem>are\u003c/em> listening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Use a story in the news or a movie to ease into conversations about how relationships are portrayed in popular culture and ask the teen what they think. Don't worry if you feel awkward or stumble through the first few chats, Dixit says. \"This is like a muscle that develops,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And don't think of this as a one-off conversation; rather, think of it as one that is ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Be a trusted adult\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>A trusted adult could be a parent, but relatives, school counselors, pastors or even friends' parents can support a teen, too. It's a good idea to encourage your child to grow relationships with trusted adults in addition to their parents, so they have a network of support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Espinoza says if you want to be one of these safe, trusted adults, you need to balance the protectiveness you feel for the teen with respect for their decisions. Let them know they can talk to you about anything. Many times, teens are scared of sharing something like relationship abuse — believing that they may get into trouble for dating when they weren't supposed to or that they won't be allowed to go out anymore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just take the time to listen to what they have to share and don't give just advice,\" Espinoza says. \"And then, if they ask for it, share your input as well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says that doesn't mean you can't share your values or what you believe, just do it so that the emphasis is always on how much you love the teen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Espinoza suggests setting aside time when you can go for ice cream or take a walk or shoot hoops. That helps build that relationship because it shows you are available. It also makes it easier to spot changes in a child such as if they become withdrawn or start changing how they dress or suddenly have different friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dixit says being \"emotionally observant\" goes a long way. But, she cautions, if a teen shares something about their dating partner, don't freak out, even if that's how you feel inside. She says dismissing the relationship and connection the teen feels can backfire. \"If the parents say, 'Hey, you can't see [that person],' what ends up happening? They'll start sneaking out or sneaking around.\" She says have open and honest conversation instead by saying, \"Let me hear your needs and you can hear our needs as parents, too. And how can we help you?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Model healthy relationships\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Dixit says showing a teen what a \"healthy relationship\" looks like is at the heart of preventing abusive ones. \"It's really the ability to feel like you're equal when you're with your partner. Is there humor? Is there respect? Do you feel scared when you voice an opinion, or are you heard and received? Do you feel physically safe? Do you feel mentally safe? Is there respect for boundaries?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says that sometimes, parents inadvertently model similar power dynamics as abusers — where they don't empower teens to set boundaries, where they equate love with control. \"If the youth sees love as control and invasion, then we have not helped them build the muscle that recognizes boundaries and asserts [them],\" Dixit says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Examine how boundaries are treated in your home, she says. How do members treat emotions? Is there a culture of shame and silence when you are unhappy with your teen?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While all this is something to strive for, Dixit also says, recognize that no parent is perfect. \"I have to remind all adults to have self-compassion.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Recognize that friends are important\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Remember that developmentally, your teen's peer group is very important to them at this age, and they can be a strong source of support. \"Friends can get where no hotline [or] parents can,\" Dixit says. An abuser relies on isolation, and a friend can break that. They can also remind the teen that they're worth loving and respecting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if you don't like your teen's friends, it isn't helpful to criticize them or tell your teen they can't hang out together. Instead, try to develop a dialogue so your teen feels heard.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Reach out for help\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Dixit says if you suspect or know abuse is taking place, it's important to reach out for professional help. There are advocacy groups in every state — the more local the better because laws can differ. If you're helping a teen in an abusive relationship, don't stigmatize mental health, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can talk to counselors in organizations like hers, confidentially. Dixit says a counselor can help involve the teen in decisions so they have buy-in. And they can help your teen create a \"safety plan\" or a way to reach resources. That might include clarifying who the teen's safe adult is or which phone numbers a teen should memorize, should they need them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This safety plan will differ based on the context. For example, in school, a safety plan may mean having a buddy walk with the teen between classes or having a code word with friends to indicate that the teen needs help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These friends can reach out for professional resources, too. Espinoza says she always tells teens that when a friend is in an abusive relationship, they are not breaking the friend's trust by telling an adult what's going on — in fact, they are helping.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The podcast portion of this episode was produced by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/895092631/clare-schneider\">\u003cem>Clare Marie Schneider\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>We'd love to hear from you. Leave us a voicemail at 202-216-9823 or email us at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"mailto:LifeKit@npr.org\">\u003cem>LifeKit@npr.org\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>For more Life Kit, \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/newsletter/life-kit\">\u003cem>subscribe to our newsletter\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Millions+Of+Teens+Experience+Abusive+Relationships.+Here%27s+How+Adults+Can+Help&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Michele Borba began her career teaching in a classroom for children with severe learning or emotional disabilities. As she got to know each student, she was guided by one question, “How can I help them shine?”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This work took patience, practice, and curiosity. She paid close attention to the child in front of her – not the child the school file or previous teacher said was in front of her. Take Rick, a first grader who “was always by my side but would never verbalize what he wanted or needed.” Over time, she noticed him doodling on his papers. “Wow,” she whispered to him one day, “you are really good at this.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“That was the first time I ever saw him smile,” she said. Later, she casually posted his work for others to see, she praised his creativity to other teachers in his earshot, and she helped his parents find an after school art club. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many years later, Borba got a letter in the mail from Rick – now a professional artist – thanking her for that day she put his picture on the bulletin board. “That was the day I stopped worrying if kids would think I was stupid.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>“We are Raising a Generation of Strivers, Not Thrivers”\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Borba, an educational psychologist and character development expert, recently published the book \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Thrivers-Surprising-Reasons-Struggle-Others/dp/0593085272\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Thrivers: The Surprising Reasons Why Some Kids Struggle and Others Shine.”\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> From her research and field experience, she identifies seven character strengths that help kids and adults flourish across their lifespan: self-confidence, empathy, self-control, integrity, curiosity, perseverance and optimism. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When she visits classrooms around the country – this year over Zoom – teens are telling her that they are running on empty: burnt out and worried about their friends’ mental health. These are hard-working kids, she says, striving to live up to the demands of school, sports, work, family and future college admissions readers. But Borba cautions that striving and thriving are not synonyms. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Kids are finding it impossible to keep up with our unrealistic expectations of success,” she says. And for that, “adults must accept the blame.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As we emerge from the pandemic, there’s a lot of talk about “getting back to normal.” But perhaps the old normal isn’t what we should aim for. “If one in five of our kids were struggling with a mental health disorder prior to the pandemic, this crisis has only amplified it. We need to start raising them from the inside out.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The good news is that none of us are born with these seven traits, says Borba. Children develop them over time, and it helps when adults in their community serve as role models and cheerleaders. For example, by offering Rick empathy, curiosity and optimism about his future, Borba helped him develop the self-confidence and perseverance he needed to pursue something that mattered to him. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Help Them Find Joy and Purpose\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s easier for kids to persevere, feel optimistic about their future and develop self-confidence when they are engaged in meaningful activities – work that sparks their interest. Kids thrive on purpose, says Borba.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Thrivers have hobbies,” she says, “They have something they can decompress to.” But when she asks teens, “What are your hobbies?” they often reply, “What’s a hobby? We don’t have enough time for hobbies.” A sense of purpose has been replaced by overwhelming to-do lists. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rather than filling up children’s time with activities we believe they should do, she suggests parents become observers. What activities seem to ignite their child's imagination or give them an extra spark of joy? What seems to increase their confidence, reduce their stress, or help them enjoy their own company? “Find out what helps your child be the best version of themselves,” said Borba, and then give them the freedom to pursue those activities. This often requires shelving our own expectations about what they “should” be doing.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One way to help children find their spark is to introduce a variety of new activities, for example: a morning of birdwatching, a knitting class with grandma over Zoom, a martial arts trial class as a family, an origami YouTube tutorial. “When you find something beyond your scope, find them a mentor. It doesn’t have to be pricey – it might be the neighbor next door. We are not partnering with other parents nearly enough.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In a study of highly skilled mathematicians, athletes, and musicians, psychologist Benjamin Bloom found that adults would initially introduce the activities, “but before long, the child was pulling the parent,” said Borba, with parents offering continued support. The lesson for today’s parents? Periodically step back and ask, ‘Who is doing the pulling?’ And if you are the one always pulling them to put on their soccer cleats before practice, maybe they are telling you something.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When kids engage in activities they find personally meaningful, it develops an authentic self-confidence, or “that inner, quiet recognition of who I am.” Unlike self-esteem, which is often fed by external validation, self-confidence is that internal joy that says, “I did it.” These activities also build perseverance because it’s easier to take set-backs in stride when you are internally motivated: “Kids learn to say, ‘It's okay. I'll keep going. Failure just means I’ve got to find another way through.’ That's the kind of kid who's going to make it in today's uncertain, anxious, fear-based world,” says Borba.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">By the time they reach high school, many kids give up on activities and hobbies that have brought them joy, telling researchers that they don’t have time because of other obligations and activities. According to Stanford psychologist William Damon, about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/48013/how-parents-can-help-kids-develop-a-sense-of-purpose\">20 percent\u003c/a> of teens can be categorized as purposeful. If your child seems to be busy but not happy, Borba recommends sitting down together and looking at the schedule. “Can you cut one thing? Just one thing that isn’t really crucial but will feed in time? When kids find purposeful activities, it moves the stress down and the love up, and that’s glorious.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Borba says her optimism for the future is rooted in the hundreds of teenagers she interviewed while writing this book. “I can't tell you the amount of wonderful things kids were doing during COVID, how concerned they were for each other, the simple, ordinary things they were doing to help their friends,” she said. “That's what gives you hope. Now adults need to step up to the plate, listen to the kids, and give them what they said they need – because here’s what every kid said they needed: ‘If we're the most stressed out generation on record, somebody better teach us how to cope.’”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Michele Borba began her career teaching in a classroom for children with severe learning or emotional disabilities. As she got to know each student, she was guided by one question, “How can I help them shine?”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This work took patience, practice, and curiosity. She paid close attention to the child in front of her – not the child the school file or previous teacher said was in front of her. Take Rick, a first grader who “was always by my side but would never verbalize what he wanted or needed.” Over time, she noticed him doodling on his papers. “Wow,” she whispered to him one day, “you are really good at this.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“That was the first time I ever saw him smile,” she said. Later, she casually posted his work for others to see, she praised his creativity to other teachers in his earshot, and she helped his parents find an after school art club. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many years later, Borba got a letter in the mail from Rick – now a professional artist – thanking her for that day she put his picture on the bulletin board. “That was the day I stopped worrying if kids would think I was stupid.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>“We are Raising a Generation of Strivers, Not Thrivers”\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Borba, an educational psychologist and character development expert, recently published the book \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Thrivers-Surprising-Reasons-Struggle-Others/dp/0593085272\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Thrivers: The Surprising Reasons Why Some Kids Struggle and Others Shine.”\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> From her research and field experience, she identifies seven character strengths that help kids and adults flourish across their lifespan: self-confidence, empathy, self-control, integrity, curiosity, perseverance and optimism. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When she visits classrooms around the country – this year over Zoom – teens are telling her that they are running on empty: burnt out and worried about their friends’ mental health. These are hard-working kids, she says, striving to live up to the demands of school, sports, work, family and future college admissions readers. But Borba cautions that striving and thriving are not synonyms. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Kids are finding it impossible to keep up with our unrealistic expectations of success,” she says. And for that, “adults must accept the blame.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As we emerge from the pandemic, there’s a lot of talk about “getting back to normal.” But perhaps the old normal isn’t what we should aim for. “If one in five of our kids were struggling with a mental health disorder prior to the pandemic, this crisis has only amplified it. We need to start raising them from the inside out.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The good news is that none of us are born with these seven traits, says Borba. Children develop them over time, and it helps when adults in their community serve as role models and cheerleaders. For example, by offering Rick empathy, curiosity and optimism about his future, Borba helped him develop the self-confidence and perseverance he needed to pursue something that mattered to him. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Help Them Find Joy and Purpose\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s easier for kids to persevere, feel optimistic about their future and develop self-confidence when they are engaged in meaningful activities – work that sparks their interest. Kids thrive on purpose, says Borba.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Thrivers have hobbies,” she says, “They have something they can decompress to.” But when she asks teens, “What are your hobbies?” they often reply, “What’s a hobby? We don’t have enough time for hobbies.” A sense of purpose has been replaced by overwhelming to-do lists. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rather than filling up children’s time with activities we believe they should do, she suggests parents become observers. What activities seem to ignite their child's imagination or give them an extra spark of joy? What seems to increase their confidence, reduce their stress, or help them enjoy their own company? “Find out what helps your child be the best version of themselves,” said Borba, and then give them the freedom to pursue those activities. This often requires shelving our own expectations about what they “should” be doing.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One way to help children find their spark is to introduce a variety of new activities, for example: a morning of birdwatching, a knitting class with grandma over Zoom, a martial arts trial class as a family, an origami YouTube tutorial. “When you find something beyond your scope, find them a mentor. It doesn’t have to be pricey – it might be the neighbor next door. We are not partnering with other parents nearly enough.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In a study of highly skilled mathematicians, athletes, and musicians, psychologist Benjamin Bloom found that adults would initially introduce the activities, “but before long, the child was pulling the parent,” said Borba, with parents offering continued support. The lesson for today’s parents? Periodically step back and ask, ‘Who is doing the pulling?’ And if you are the one always pulling them to put on their soccer cleats before practice, maybe they are telling you something.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When kids engage in activities they find personally meaningful, it develops an authentic self-confidence, or “that inner, quiet recognition of who I am.” Unlike self-esteem, which is often fed by external validation, self-confidence is that internal joy that says, “I did it.” These activities also build perseverance because it’s easier to take set-backs in stride when you are internally motivated: “Kids learn to say, ‘It's okay. I'll keep going. Failure just means I’ve got to find another way through.’ That's the kind of kid who's going to make it in today's uncertain, anxious, fear-based world,” says Borba.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">By the time they reach high school, many kids give up on activities and hobbies that have brought them joy, telling researchers that they don’t have time because of other obligations and activities. According to Stanford psychologist William Damon, about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/48013/how-parents-can-help-kids-develop-a-sense-of-purpose\">20 percent\u003c/a> of teens can be categorized as purposeful. If your child seems to be busy but not happy, Borba recommends sitting down together and looking at the schedule. “Can you cut one thing? Just one thing that isn’t really crucial but will feed in time? When kids find purposeful activities, it moves the stress down and the love up, and that’s glorious.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Borba says her optimism for the future is rooted in the hundreds of teenagers she interviewed while writing this book. “I can't tell you the amount of wonderful things kids were doing during COVID, how concerned they were for each other, the simple, ordinary things they were doing to help their friends,” she said. “That's what gives you hope. Now adults need to step up to the plate, listen to the kids, and give them what they said they need – because here’s what every kid said they needed: ‘If we're the most stressed out generation on record, somebody better teach us how to cope.’”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "'Be Proud Of Where You Come From': An Indian-American Teen's Winning Podcast",
"title": "'Be Proud Of Where You Come From': An Indian-American Teen's Winning Podcast",
"headTitle": "MindShift | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Kriti Sarav does her best work in a narrow bedroom closet. Wedged in among plastic storage bins full of spare sheets, blankets, and pillows, the 16-year-old podcaster sits at a small desk with a microphone and headphones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We got really lucky because when we moved into this house, they had this desk here,\" Kriti says. \"I like it for podcasting now — and storage, obviously.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was in this tiny closet that Kriti recorded the podcast that won our high school grand prize in this year's \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/662609200/npr-student-podcast-challenge\">NPR Student Podcast Challenge\u003c/a>. The story, about her struggle to embrace her Indian-American identity, was the unanimous choice among the judges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/1006663348\" params=\"color=#ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&show_teaser=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\"My very own bully\"\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003cem>Kriti Sarav, High School Winner\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003cem>University of Chicago Laboratory School, Chicago, Ill.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(You can listen to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/996508586\">middle school winner\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/04/22/989728151/npr-student-podcast-winner-uncovers-family-secret-looks-for-donor-dad\">college \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/04/23/987671620/family-lore-fact-check-finding-the-teen-muhammad-ali-boxed-along-the-way\">winners \u003c/a>on the Student Podcast Challenge \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/662609200/npr-student-podcast-challenge\">homepage\u003c/a>. Check out this year's \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/996191376\">honorable mentions\u003c/a> while you're at it!)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When we visited Kriti in Chicago, something else in her makeshift studio caught our eye: a shrine carved of wood, about the size of a basketball, that sits empty for now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's like a mini-temple kind of thing,\" Kriti says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside once sat a small figure of the elephant-headed Hindu god, Ganesha. Kriti says it used to hang in their old house, \"but now we just took his figure and put it down in our kitchen because this was a little too bulky and heavy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kriti identifies as Indian-American and says the hyphen is important: Her podcast is all about growing up between cultures and how, at times she resented the parts of herself that didn't seem to fit the mold she saw around her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My honey-brown skin contrasted greatly with the peachy whites and olives of my friends,\" Kriti says, early in the episode. \"My parents called me \u003cem>raja\u003c/em> and \u003cem>beta\u003c/em>, not munchkin or cutie-pie. When I opened up my lunchbox, I had a thermos full of daal and rice and chapati and roti — not mac n' cheese or PB&J.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_57887\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-57887\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/05/oobineme_npr_photos_studentpodcastchallenge_kitrisarav_20210507-9780_slide-11f11d94205fbb3ce60c7270a00ac7d206a9e68c-e1621494450328.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NPR Student Podcast Challenge winner Kitri Sarav gazes in the mirror after applying a bindi on her forehead and a tikka along the parting of her hair. Chicago, Illinois, Friday, May 7, 2021. \u003ccite>(Olivia Obineme/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The older she got, the more insecure she became about her Indian heritage, especially when her grandmother would visit Chicago from India, wearing a sari and the traditional red bindi on her forehead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I hated the way other kids would look at my grandma and me shopping. I hated the way they would ask if her bindi was a mole,\" Kriti says in one of the podcast's most painful moments. \"Deep down, I wanted to rip that bindi off her head and cut off her long, thick, dark, braided hair and put a nice dress with a blue cardigan on her.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After years of internalizing these feelings of otherness, Kriti says, she realized recently that \u003cem>she\u003c/em> had become her biggest critic. And she wrote her winning podcast, \"\u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/user-868903390-84850882/my-very-own-bully\">My Very Own Bully\u003c/a>,\" to take back the narrative and finally say: Enough is enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kriti says for so long she worried about seeming different, because the world was constantly telling her she \u003cem>was\u003c/em> different. She remembers being 9 years old, when, out of the blue, a classmate told her: \"Hey Kriti, your skin's the color of poop.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then, there were the constant, agonizing mispronunciations of her name:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kreedy, Kyreetee, Chrissy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I got an award,\" Kriti says, sitting on the floor outside her closet studio. \"And they said my name was Chrissy Sarva. And that's just not my name!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the record, it's pronounced \u003cem>KRIH-thee suh-RAHV\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a kid, Kriti started to believe all these messages, telling her implicitly or explicitly that she was different, that she was \u003cem>weird\u003c/em>. For years she hated her name, and says she once asked her mom if she could simply go by Kiki.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"On the tennis court, no one really says my name right. And I do think that contributes to a lack of self-confidence on the court,\" Kriti says. \"I've never corrected anybody on the tennis court, and I don't know why it is.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But making her podcast, and coming to grips with her identity, she says, taught her a lesson:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It really doesn't matter what you or anyone else, for that matter, says to me,\" Kriti says toward the end of her podcast. \"What matters are the words that I whisper, day in and day out, to myself.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What are those words?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kriti leans across the bedroom floor and, with a smile, whispers quietly into our microphone:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am strong. I am powerful. You have such an amazing and vibrant culture. You should just be proud of who you are. Be proud of where you come from.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kriti hopes her story can provide some comfort to all the other kids out there who've felt this kind of isolation and pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_57888\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-57888\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/05/oobineme_npr_photos_studentpodcastchallenge_kitrisarav_20210507-9705_slide-39be688ad22c27ef1104a19975cd2670db8fe958-e1621494494688.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sarav sits in her study in her family's home. \u003ccite>(Olivia Obineme for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, when Kriti isn't in school or on the tennis court, she's sitting in that narrow closet, next to Ganesha's empty shrine, talking into the microphone about... financial literacy. She has a podcast called \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.whyfimatters.com/\">WhyFI Matters\u003c/a>\" and you can listen to it \u003ca href=\"https://www.whyfimatters.com/listen\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=%27Be+Proud+Of+Where+You+Come+From%27%3A+An+Indian-American+Teen%27s+Winning+Podcast&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Kriti Sarav does her best work in a narrow bedroom closet. Wedged in among plastic storage bins full of spare sheets, blankets, and pillows, the 16-year-old podcaster sits at a small desk with a microphone and headphones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We got really lucky because when we moved into this house, they had this desk here,\" Kriti says. \"I like it for podcasting now — and storage, obviously.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was in this tiny closet that Kriti recorded the podcast that won our high school grand prize in this year's \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/662609200/npr-student-podcast-challenge\">NPR Student Podcast Challenge\u003c/a>. The story, about her struggle to embrace her Indian-American identity, was the unanimous choice among the judges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/1006663348&visual=true&color=#ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&show_teaser=true'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/1006663348'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\"My very own bully\"\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003cem>Kriti Sarav, High School Winner\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003cem>University of Chicago Laboratory School, Chicago, Ill.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(You can listen to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/996508586\">middle school winner\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/04/22/989728151/npr-student-podcast-winner-uncovers-family-secret-looks-for-donor-dad\">college \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/04/23/987671620/family-lore-fact-check-finding-the-teen-muhammad-ali-boxed-along-the-way\">winners \u003c/a>on the Student Podcast Challenge \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/662609200/npr-student-podcast-challenge\">homepage\u003c/a>. Check out this year's \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/996191376\">honorable mentions\u003c/a> while you're at it!)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When we visited Kriti in Chicago, something else in her makeshift studio caught our eye: a shrine carved of wood, about the size of a basketball, that sits empty for now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's like a mini-temple kind of thing,\" Kriti says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside once sat a small figure of the elephant-headed Hindu god, Ganesha. Kriti says it used to hang in their old house, \"but now we just took his figure and put it down in our kitchen because this was a little too bulky and heavy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kriti identifies as Indian-American and says the hyphen is important: Her podcast is all about growing up between cultures and how, at times she resented the parts of herself that didn't seem to fit the mold she saw around her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My honey-brown skin contrasted greatly with the peachy whites and olives of my friends,\" Kriti says, early in the episode. \"My parents called me \u003cem>raja\u003c/em> and \u003cem>beta\u003c/em>, not munchkin or cutie-pie. When I opened up my lunchbox, I had a thermos full of daal and rice and chapati and roti — not mac n' cheese or PB&J.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_57887\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-57887\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/05/oobineme_npr_photos_studentpodcastchallenge_kitrisarav_20210507-9780_slide-11f11d94205fbb3ce60c7270a00ac7d206a9e68c-e1621494450328.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NPR Student Podcast Challenge winner Kitri Sarav gazes in the mirror after applying a bindi on her forehead and a tikka along the parting of her hair. Chicago, Illinois, Friday, May 7, 2021. \u003ccite>(Olivia Obineme/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The older she got, the more insecure she became about her Indian heritage, especially when her grandmother would visit Chicago from India, wearing a sari and the traditional red bindi on her forehead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I hated the way other kids would look at my grandma and me shopping. I hated the way they would ask if her bindi was a mole,\" Kriti says in one of the podcast's most painful moments. \"Deep down, I wanted to rip that bindi off her head and cut off her long, thick, dark, braided hair and put a nice dress with a blue cardigan on her.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After years of internalizing these feelings of otherness, Kriti says, she realized recently that \u003cem>she\u003c/em> had become her biggest critic. And she wrote her winning podcast, \"\u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/user-868903390-84850882/my-very-own-bully\">My Very Own Bully\u003c/a>,\" to take back the narrative and finally say: Enough is enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kriti says for so long she worried about seeming different, because the world was constantly telling her she \u003cem>was\u003c/em> different. She remembers being 9 years old, when, out of the blue, a classmate told her: \"Hey Kriti, your skin's the color of poop.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then, there were the constant, agonizing mispronunciations of her name:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kreedy, Kyreetee, Chrissy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I got an award,\" Kriti says, sitting on the floor outside her closet studio. \"And they said my name was Chrissy Sarva. And that's just not my name!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the record, it's pronounced \u003cem>KRIH-thee suh-RAHV\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a kid, Kriti started to believe all these messages, telling her implicitly or explicitly that she was different, that she was \u003cem>weird\u003c/em>. For years she hated her name, and says she once asked her mom if she could simply go by Kiki.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"On the tennis court, no one really says my name right. And I do think that contributes to a lack of self-confidence on the court,\" Kriti says. \"I've never corrected anybody on the tennis court, and I don't know why it is.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But making her podcast, and coming to grips with her identity, she says, taught her a lesson:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It really doesn't matter what you or anyone else, for that matter, says to me,\" Kriti says toward the end of her podcast. \"What matters are the words that I whisper, day in and day out, to myself.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What are those words?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kriti leans across the bedroom floor and, with a smile, whispers quietly into our microphone:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am strong. I am powerful. You have such an amazing and vibrant culture. You should just be proud of who you are. Be proud of where you come from.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kriti hopes her story can provide some comfort to all the other kids out there who've felt this kind of isolation and pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_57888\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-57888\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/05/oobineme_npr_photos_studentpodcastchallenge_kitrisarav_20210507-9705_slide-39be688ad22c27ef1104a19975cd2670db8fe958-e1621494494688.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sarav sits in her study in her family's home. \u003ccite>(Olivia Obineme for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, when Kriti isn't in school or on the tennis court, she's sitting in that narrow closet, next to Ganesha's empty shrine, talking into the microphone about... financial literacy. She has a podcast called \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.whyfimatters.com/\">WhyFI Matters\u003c/a>\" and you can listen to it \u003ca href=\"https://www.whyfimatters.com/listen\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=%27Be+Proud+Of+Where+You+Come+From%27%3A+An+Indian-American+Teen%27s+Winning+Podcast&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Dispatches From Quarantine: How Young People Are Documenting History",
"title": "Dispatches From Quarantine: How Young People Are Documenting History",
"headTitle": "MindShift | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>It's been more than a year since the COVID-19 pandemic completely upended our lives. For young people especially, it reprieved them of fully experiencing the world during a crucial time of growth and development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents all over the world are beaming with all sorts of questions to get a grasp on the pandemic's toll, such as: How has the pandemic been affecting our children? Has remote learning slowed their education? Has reduced socializing hurt their development?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Historian Alexandra Zapruder wanted to document what the young people of today are going through, so she asked a number of students to send her diary entries. The project, called \u003ca href=\"https://alexandrazapruder.com/dispatches-home\">Dispatches from Quarantine\u003c/a>, launched in April 2020, and those questions were explored and answered through all sorts of mediums — like the stringing of words, the strokes of a paintbrush or to the strums of a ukulele.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Naiobi Benjamin's song \"Not What I Planned\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With the proliferation of social media, I started to think about how diaries have basically been supplanted,\" Zapruder tells NPR's \u003cem>Morning Edition.\u003c/em> \"And what's a little bit been lost is the kind of quiet reflection, the authentic preservation of experiences that are captured in diaries. And I'm very interested in preserving that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zapruder's interest behind documenting adolescence is simple: it's fleeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It goes so fast and once it's over, it's lost forever, we cannot recapture that point of view as anybody who knows anybody who lives with a teenager knows how foreign in a way that perspective can be,\" she adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_57698\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1921px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-57698\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/04/stephanie_zhou_part2_vert-c52a7e8379dc1f8fbe9f902381056dc563cff7fe-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1921\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/04/stephanie_zhou_part2_vert-c52a7e8379dc1f8fbe9f902381056dc563cff7fe-scaled.jpg 1921w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/04/stephanie_zhou_part2_vert-c52a7e8379dc1f8fbe9f902381056dc563cff7fe-800x1066.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/04/stephanie_zhou_part2_vert-c52a7e8379dc1f8fbe9f902381056dc563cff7fe-1020x1359.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/04/stephanie_zhou_part2_vert-c52a7e8379dc1f8fbe9f902381056dc563cff7fe-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/04/stephanie_zhou_part2_vert-c52a7e8379dc1f8fbe9f902381056dc563cff7fe-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/04/stephanie_zhou_part2_vert-c52a7e8379dc1f8fbe9f902381056dc563cff7fe-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/04/stephanie_zhou_part2_vert-c52a7e8379dc1f8fbe9f902381056dc563cff7fe-1537x2048.jpg 1537w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/04/stephanie_zhou_part2_vert-c52a7e8379dc1f8fbe9f902381056dc563cff7fe-1920x2559.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1921px) 100vw, 1921px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stephanie Zhou: The Final Project \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://alexandrazapruder.com/zhou\">Stephanie Zhou via Alexandra Zapruder\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Zapruder was not invested in a generic writing project, but rather was interested in \"the idea of showing young people how their writing in the present day could really exist on a continuum of writers who've been writing over more than 100 years.\" Although participants mainly wrote the obvious, such as their general grief over missing school or prom — there was still appeal in the fact there is so much that is unexpected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Maia Siegel\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I was ill until proven\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>healthy. My mother\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>left me small foods\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>laid on paper plates\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>on the stairs, running\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>away as I came out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A date, some almonds,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>a sweet potato stabbed\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>through with a fork.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I despised her for being so\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>scared of me, for crying\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>to the doctor If she comes down\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I will feel panicked. I did not come down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I stayed still for six days,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>four of which I did not get out\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>of bed.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Through quick, blunt stanzas, \u003ca href=\"https://alexandrazapruder.com/siegel\">18-year-old Maya Siegel notes\u003c/a> the initial wave of panic and tension that eased into her household as she was in quarantine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And she says, this thing that I absolutely adore, my mother starts to ration the seltzer water,\" Zapruder notes. \"Like this little detail that is so potent.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Claire Hammond\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I can hear the birds chirping all the time now. I never used to listen to the birds before; too busy running around from activity to activity. So many things have been taken out of my life and replaced. Yes, by worry and fear, but also by time, my silver lining. For the first time in such a long while, I've been able to just stop and sit. I've been able to focus on myself and heal a bit, in a world that's so broken.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://alexandrazapruder.com/hammond\">this note from 16-year-old Claire Hammond\u003c/a>, she documents the small moments of mindfulness she's felt amid the chaos of the pandemic. Life has slowed down enough to the point where she can feel a little bit more free from the restraints of everyday life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fiona Dong\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I still clearly remember when the coronavirus outbreak happened in China, I checked the data on the number of cases every morning after I woke up. I was worried about my family and friends back in China. The coronavirus became the topic that we discussed on the dinner table. I worried about my family every day, but what I could do was only take care of myself and watch people experiencing all those tragedies. The whole world is having a hard time this year. However, in human history, when there was a world crisis, it always brought us together to unite as a whole and fight against the crisis. I didn't have a chance to prove that before the virus's outbreak, but I strongly feel that now. People from different countries are fighting against our enemy together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We shouldn't blame or compare each other at this time. If we are facing this together as a group, I believe our enemy will capitulate soon.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Zapruder told \u003cem>Morning Edition \u003c/em>how glad she was to see the project reach an international scope. In this example, 16-year-old Fiona Dong was going to school in Massachusetts but was called to return to her home in China. Her\u003ca href=\"https://alexandrazapruder.com/dong\"> full submission\u003c/a> leads readers on the journey back home — detailing the anxiety behind traveling in turbulent times and a two-week quarantine in a hotel in her hometown, Xi'an.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Kofman\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I had two tests yesterday, and the most stressful part of doing quizzes and tests is when you have to upload them. It's so much easier in school, where you just hand in a piece of paper. [...] Every single time I try to upload it, I have to do it at least twice because the Internet always crashes. We have so many people all trying to work on the same Internet. My mom and dad doing their work, and me and my brother and sister doing school. I'm really sick of this. I've been in quarantine for about 9 weeks. The only human interaction I have is with my family.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://alexandrazapruder.com/kofman\">Sam Kofman writes\u003c/a> about sharing the Internet with four other members of his family, and the stress of submitting a paper while the Internet keeps giving out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is something that we're all living through, you know, and we want and need to preserve those little details, because that's the texture of daily life,\" Zapruder says of the excerpt. \"That's the stuff we're going to forget 20 years from now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zapruder says the project, a collaboration with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.eihr.org/\">Educators' Institute for Human Rights\u003c/a>, reaffirms something she's believed so deeply — that young people and what they have to say matters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The full Dispatches from Quarantine collection can be viewed \u003ca href=\"https://alexandrazapruder.com/dispatches-home\">on Zapruder's site\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Dispatches+From+Quarantine%3A+How+Young+People+Are+Documenting+History+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It's been more than a year since the COVID-19 pandemic completely upended our lives. For young people especially, it reprieved them of fully experiencing the world during a crucial time of growth and development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents all over the world are beaming with all sorts of questions to get a grasp on the pandemic's toll, such as: How has the pandemic been affecting our children? Has remote learning slowed their education? Has reduced socializing hurt their development?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Historian Alexandra Zapruder wanted to document what the young people of today are going through, so she asked a number of students to send her diary entries. The project, called \u003ca href=\"https://alexandrazapruder.com/dispatches-home\">Dispatches from Quarantine\u003c/a>, launched in April 2020, and those questions were explored and answered through all sorts of mediums — like the stringing of words, the strokes of a paintbrush or to the strums of a ukulele.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Naiobi Benjamin's song \"Not What I Planned\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With the proliferation of social media, I started to think about how diaries have basically been supplanted,\" Zapruder tells NPR's \u003cem>Morning Edition.\u003c/em> \"And what's a little bit been lost is the kind of quiet reflection, the authentic preservation of experiences that are captured in diaries. And I'm very interested in preserving that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zapruder's interest behind documenting adolescence is simple: it's fleeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It goes so fast and once it's over, it's lost forever, we cannot recapture that point of view as anybody who knows anybody who lives with a teenager knows how foreign in a way that perspective can be,\" she adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_57698\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1921px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-57698\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/04/stephanie_zhou_part2_vert-c52a7e8379dc1f8fbe9f902381056dc563cff7fe-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1921\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/04/stephanie_zhou_part2_vert-c52a7e8379dc1f8fbe9f902381056dc563cff7fe-scaled.jpg 1921w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/04/stephanie_zhou_part2_vert-c52a7e8379dc1f8fbe9f902381056dc563cff7fe-800x1066.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/04/stephanie_zhou_part2_vert-c52a7e8379dc1f8fbe9f902381056dc563cff7fe-1020x1359.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/04/stephanie_zhou_part2_vert-c52a7e8379dc1f8fbe9f902381056dc563cff7fe-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/04/stephanie_zhou_part2_vert-c52a7e8379dc1f8fbe9f902381056dc563cff7fe-768x1024.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/04/stephanie_zhou_part2_vert-c52a7e8379dc1f8fbe9f902381056dc563cff7fe-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/04/stephanie_zhou_part2_vert-c52a7e8379dc1f8fbe9f902381056dc563cff7fe-1537x2048.jpg 1537w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2021/04/stephanie_zhou_part2_vert-c52a7e8379dc1f8fbe9f902381056dc563cff7fe-1920x2559.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1921px) 100vw, 1921px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stephanie Zhou: The Final Project \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://alexandrazapruder.com/zhou\">Stephanie Zhou via Alexandra Zapruder\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Zapruder was not invested in a generic writing project, but rather was interested in \"the idea of showing young people how their writing in the present day could really exist on a continuum of writers who've been writing over more than 100 years.\" Although participants mainly wrote the obvious, such as their general grief over missing school or prom — there was still appeal in the fact there is so much that is unexpected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Maia Siegel\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I was ill until proven\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>healthy. My mother\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>left me small foods\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>laid on paper plates\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>on the stairs, running\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>away as I came out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A date, some almonds,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>a sweet potato stabbed\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>through with a fork.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I despised her for being so\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>scared of me, for crying\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>to the doctor If she comes down\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I will feel panicked. I did not come down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I stayed still for six days,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>four of which I did not get out\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>of bed.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Through quick, blunt stanzas, \u003ca href=\"https://alexandrazapruder.com/siegel\">18-year-old Maya Siegel notes\u003c/a> the initial wave of panic and tension that eased into her household as she was in quarantine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And she says, this thing that I absolutely adore, my mother starts to ration the seltzer water,\" Zapruder notes. \"Like this little detail that is so potent.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Claire Hammond\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I can hear the birds chirping all the time now. I never used to listen to the birds before; too busy running around from activity to activity. So many things have been taken out of my life and replaced. Yes, by worry and fear, but also by time, my silver lining. For the first time in such a long while, I've been able to just stop and sit. I've been able to focus on myself and heal a bit, in a world that's so broken.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://alexandrazapruder.com/hammond\">this note from 16-year-old Claire Hammond\u003c/a>, she documents the small moments of mindfulness she's felt amid the chaos of the pandemic. Life has slowed down enough to the point where she can feel a little bit more free from the restraints of everyday life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fiona Dong\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I still clearly remember when the coronavirus outbreak happened in China, I checked the data on the number of cases every morning after I woke up. I was worried about my family and friends back in China. The coronavirus became the topic that we discussed on the dinner table. I worried about my family every day, but what I could do was only take care of myself and watch people experiencing all those tragedies. The whole world is having a hard time this year. However, in human history, when there was a world crisis, it always brought us together to unite as a whole and fight against the crisis. I didn't have a chance to prove that before the virus's outbreak, but I strongly feel that now. People from different countries are fighting against our enemy together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We shouldn't blame or compare each other at this time. If we are facing this together as a group, I believe our enemy will capitulate soon.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Zapruder told \u003cem>Morning Edition \u003c/em>how glad she was to see the project reach an international scope. In this example, 16-year-old Fiona Dong was going to school in Massachusetts but was called to return to her home in China. Her\u003ca href=\"https://alexandrazapruder.com/dong\"> full submission\u003c/a> leads readers on the journey back home — detailing the anxiety behind traveling in turbulent times and a two-week quarantine in a hotel in her hometown, Xi'an.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Kofman\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I had two tests yesterday, and the most stressful part of doing quizzes and tests is when you have to upload them. It's so much easier in school, where you just hand in a piece of paper. [...] Every single time I try to upload it, I have to do it at least twice because the Internet always crashes. We have so many people all trying to work on the same Internet. My mom and dad doing their work, and me and my brother and sister doing school. I'm really sick of this. I've been in quarantine for about 9 weeks. The only human interaction I have is with my family.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://alexandrazapruder.com/kofman\">Sam Kofman writes\u003c/a> about sharing the Internet with four other members of his family, and the stress of submitting a paper while the Internet keeps giving out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is something that we're all living through, you know, and we want and need to preserve those little details, because that's the texture of daily life,\" Zapruder says of the excerpt. \"That's the stuff we're going to forget 20 years from now.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zapruder says the project, a collaboration with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.eihr.org/\">Educators' Institute for Human Rights\u003c/a>, reaffirms something she's believed so deeply — that young people and what they have to say matters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The full Dispatches from Quarantine collection can be viewed \u003ca href=\"https://alexandrazapruder.com/dispatches-home\">on Zapruder's site\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Dispatches+From+Quarantine%3A+How+Young+People+Are+Documenting+History+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Listen and Connect: How Parents Can Support Teens’ Mental Health Right Now",
"title": "Listen and Connect: How Parents Can Support Teens’ Mental Health Right Now",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There’s no handbook for how to raise teenagers during a pandemic. Adolescents are struggling for valid reasons and many parents are grappling with how to support their teens while also navigating their own pressing concerns. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Katie Hurley, an \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">adolescent psychotherapist and author of the new book, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Year-Positive-Thinking-Teens-Motivation/dp/1647396409\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“A Year Of Positive Thinking For Teens,” \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">says that in her practice, she has seen the toll\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> of these last several months. What do teens need most right now, from her perspective? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It sounds really simple, but the thing that teenagers are craving the most is connection and listening because this is hard for everyone,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Take Your Own Emotional Temperature\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">With so much of school and social life occurring over screens, parents offer their children a vital physical presence. But this can also feel daunting as parents feel the pressure of meeting their family’s physical and emotional needs while also assuming greater responsibility for their children’s schooling.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hurley encourages adults to check their own emotional thermometer throughout the day. Our children are watching how we react and our responses matter, says Hurley. “Children take their cues first from us, always. We are their people.” But adults do not need to be paragons of positivity. We don’t have to pretend it’s easy, says Hurley. Instead, we can talk about how we are feeling with teens “so that they know that, right now, feeling like you're on a roller coaster every day is normal.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">No single strategy, like deep breathing, will magically make our worries disappear. That said, “having coping strategies in your back pocket is super important,” says Hurley. “It helps us know what to do when our stress levels rise, but it doesn't fix everything.” It also takes consistent practice to hone these skills so that you can apply them when you feel your temperature rise. With both adults and kids experiencing challenges right now, it’s a powerful time for families to practice being open about emotions and making self-care a family affair. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Whether it is taking that daily walk or doing an online yoga class or some sort of exercise to get the endorphins going, we have to think about our own coping strategies,” says Hurley. She also strongly recommends meditation apps because mindfulness is a proven way to reduce the acute stress response. “When we use it, it works.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Check-In Without Interviewing\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teens need adults to keep an eye on them right now, but sometimes how we check-in can inadvertently increase anxiety. “We have to practice checking in with them in non-threatening ways,” says Hurley. That means putting a stop to “constantly interviewing kids about what homework they’ve done, what they’ve sent in and what's still outstanding.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Right now, there’s a lot of media chatter about “lost learning and how kids are falling behind,” says Hurley. \"And it's translating to pressure within the home.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s hard to see our children struggle with remote or hybrid schooling, so “we keep interviewing them to try to get information so that we can know how to fix it. We can't fix this. But what we can do is we can step back and say, ‘Hey, this is hard academically and emotionally. It's exceptionally difficult to learn math online right now.’ What we need to do more of is just listening and asking, ‘How are you doing? How are you feeling?’\" \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hurley said the most common response she’s hearing from kids right now is that they are lonely. They miss their friends, and they miss “a teacher leaning over their desk to point something out on their paper. Teachers have this magical way of connecting with kids in small ways and they can't get that over Zoom, no matter how hard they try.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Meet Them Where They Are\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Parents often report that their teens are not coming to them for support. But they are, Hurley says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“They're just doing it in a way that you don't like. When they're venting or sniping at you over little things – there it is! They are trying to hand you their feelings. They're projecting outward because those feelings are uncomfortable and they don't know what to do with them.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sometimes teens seek to connect over play through video games, cards, basketball, jigsaw puzzles, etc. “Play is how kids connect at all ages,” says Hurley. “It's a reason teenagers will say, ‘Dad, would you shoot hoops with me?’” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As Harvard psychologist Nancy Hill \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/40845/as-teens-push-away-what-can-parents-do-to-support-success\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">once noted\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, “Parenting teens is like hugging a cactus. Even as the ‘warm fuzzies’ are not often reciprocated, teens still need them, still need to know they are loved unconditionally.” According to a study she \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.gse.harvard.edu/file/parental-involvementwang-hill-hofkens-2014pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">authored\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, parental warmth amplifies all other parenting strategies, even when teens distance themselves from parents.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Listen Your Way Through Their Problems\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The best thing parents and caregivers can give teens right now is the undivided attention of listening, empathizing and compassion, says Hurley. When teens do share their worries, resist the urge to either minimize them or solve the problem for them. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“They want you to listen your way through their problems so that they have somebody to vent to and bounce ideas off of,” says Hurley. Practice being a sounding board – a calm presence who offers short, empathetic responses such as: \"Wow, that's hard. I feel for you. I'm heartbroken for you. This seems really difficult.\" \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the face of this empathetic listening, teens often start to solve their own problems. “They shift from what feels like a litany of complaints to a little bit of, ‘Maybe I should do this or that.’ They start coming up with ideas,” says Hurley. The hardest part for parents is to just listen and not share our own ideas because we know what's worked for us. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hurley offered this example of how adult language can support teen problem-solving: When teens share what bothers them, first validate their emotions with \"That sounds really hard” or “That stinks.\" And then ask something like, “Is this a problem that you think you can solve or is this a problem that we need to endure? Are you looking for an answer or do you want help riding out the storm by talking you through it, guiding you through it or just listening you through it?” Nine times out of ten, says Hurley, they want someone to “listen through it.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If teens struggle to come up with their own next steps, adults can reaffirm that “there's no easy answer,” says Hurley, and perhaps ask, “What are some things that give you little bits of hope right now? What would help you feel one percent better?” These “little bits of hope” can become small steps for moving forward.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Drowning Doesn’t Build Resilience\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the last 20 years, the term “helicopter parenting” became shorthand for parents who are overly involved in their children’s lives and whose “hovering” interferes with children’s ability to develop independence. But, like any other parenting conundrum, the desire to avoid becoming a “helicopter parent” can be taken to extremes. When teens are in distress, sometimes parents think, \"I need to step away from you. You have to figure it out all by yourself.\" And while adolescents are highly capable problem-solvers, we don’t need to leave them to go it alone. “That's not resilience. That's loneliness,” says Hurley. “We know from years and years of research that human beings need each other. We are supposed to help each other out. We aren't supposed to be drowning in a stormy sea without a life ring.” Rather, she says, teens need adults to be the anchors to hold them steady.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In fact, the science around resilience – or the capacity to recover from difficulties – highlights the need for adults to support children in developing this character strength. According to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.gse.harvard.edu/news/uk/15/03/science-resilience\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">research\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> out of Harvard’s Center for the Developing Child, “Resilience can be built; it’s not an innate trait . . . [It] is shaped throughout life by the accumulation of experiences — both good and bad — and the continuing development of adaptive coping skills connected to those experiences.” Hurley says, “If there were awards for your soft skills, resilience would be a lifetime achievement award. It’s something that’s accrued over time, as we learn that we can work through hard things, we can solve problems and we can cope. But it’s not reasonable to expect teenagers to be able to do this independently a hundred percent of the time because their brains are not even fully formed until they’re 25 years old.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And here’s more good news for adults worried about their own capacity to help their adolescents right now. According to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://developingchild.harvard.edu/resources/supportive-relationships-and-active-skill-building-strengthen-the-foundations-of-resilience/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">research\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, “children who do well despite serious hardship have had at least one stable and committed relationship with a supportive adult.” In other words, in tough times, a parent or caregiver’s very presence can be a protective factor. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Practice Zooming Out & Finding Purpose\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As humans, we tend to zoom in to hyperfocus on what we think is important. For parents of teens, that often includes grades, test scores and the college process. But what if those aren’t the right places to focus our lenses right now? Hurley says, “We have to hit pause, zoom out and say, ‘What other things can our kids learn during this time?’ Can they learn the value of pulling in the trash cans for an elderly neighbor? Can they learn how to help a younger child by reading them stories over Zoom? Yes, they can. There are all sorts of different ways that we can channel this stressful energy into positive outcomes.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And if a teen has a hard time thinking outside of themselves right now – beyond what they are feeling and missing – that doesn’t mean they are selfish. It just means that they're human and they're struggling. Meet them there and say, \"I get this. This is hard. What else can you do?\" says Hurley. “We have to help kids find some purpose, anything. Because when we have purpose, we are optimistic and we feel like we can get through hard things.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Look for Small Pieces of Happiness\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For parents who are struggling to find their own equilibrium, Hurley suggests looking for small pieces of happiness and hope each day. “We have this tendency to kind of hitch our wagons to big ideas and big things. But right now, we need to dial that back and look for the small things. So, if siblings who have been fighting for six months straight are not fighting as much anymore, that's kind of a big thing.” Likewise, if a teen who is struggling in school finds a new interest – from birdwatching to cooking to Garageband compositions – “that's a big win right there; we have to look for these little, big things.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Similarly, we can acknowledge all the ways teens are coping and growing and giving and express our awe at how well they are doing in an unnerving time. Recently, Hurley found herself saying to her own kids, “‘I think you guys are remarkable. This has been a really difficult time. And it hasn't always been easy for you, but you're weathering the storm with us, and you're doing what you need to do. And you're coming to us when it's too hard. And you're asking to play a game or walk the dog together if you need to connect.’ Those things are important and we have to call those out.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "There's a lot for parents to be anxious about during distance learning and that's rubbing off on teens. Parents can help teens by listening and putting their well-being beyond academics at the center. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There’s no handbook for how to raise teenagers during a pandemic. Adolescents are struggling for valid reasons and many parents are grappling with how to support their teens while also navigating their own pressing concerns. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Katie Hurley, an \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">adolescent psychotherapist and author of the new book, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Year-Positive-Thinking-Teens-Motivation/dp/1647396409\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“A Year Of Positive Thinking For Teens,” \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">says that in her practice, she has seen the toll\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> of these last several months. What do teens need most right now, from her perspective? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It sounds really simple, but the thing that teenagers are craving the most is connection and listening because this is hard for everyone,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Take Your Own Emotional Temperature\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">With so much of school and social life occurring over screens, parents offer their children a vital physical presence. But this can also feel daunting as parents feel the pressure of meeting their family’s physical and emotional needs while also assuming greater responsibility for their children’s schooling.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hurley encourages adults to check their own emotional thermometer throughout the day. Our children are watching how we react and our responses matter, says Hurley. “Children take their cues first from us, always. We are their people.” But adults do not need to be paragons of positivity. We don’t have to pretend it’s easy, says Hurley. Instead, we can talk about how we are feeling with teens “so that they know that, right now, feeling like you're on a roller coaster every day is normal.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">No single strategy, like deep breathing, will magically make our worries disappear. That said, “having coping strategies in your back pocket is super important,” says Hurley. “It helps us know what to do when our stress levels rise, but it doesn't fix everything.” It also takes consistent practice to hone these skills so that you can apply them when you feel your temperature rise. With both adults and kids experiencing challenges right now, it’s a powerful time for families to practice being open about emotions and making self-care a family affair. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Whether it is taking that daily walk or doing an online yoga class or some sort of exercise to get the endorphins going, we have to think about our own coping strategies,” says Hurley. She also strongly recommends meditation apps because mindfulness is a proven way to reduce the acute stress response. “When we use it, it works.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Check-In Without Interviewing\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teens need adults to keep an eye on them right now, but sometimes how we check-in can inadvertently increase anxiety. “We have to practice checking in with them in non-threatening ways,” says Hurley. That means putting a stop to “constantly interviewing kids about what homework they’ve done, what they’ve sent in and what's still outstanding.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Right now, there’s a lot of media chatter about “lost learning and how kids are falling behind,” says Hurley. \"And it's translating to pressure within the home.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s hard to see our children struggle with remote or hybrid schooling, so “we keep interviewing them to try to get information so that we can know how to fix it. We can't fix this. But what we can do is we can step back and say, ‘Hey, this is hard academically and emotionally. It's exceptionally difficult to learn math online right now.’ What we need to do more of is just listening and asking, ‘How are you doing? How are you feeling?’\" \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hurley said the most common response she’s hearing from kids right now is that they are lonely. They miss their friends, and they miss “a teacher leaning over their desk to point something out on their paper. Teachers have this magical way of connecting with kids in small ways and they can't get that over Zoom, no matter how hard they try.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Meet Them Where They Are\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Parents often report that their teens are not coming to them for support. But they are, Hurley says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“They're just doing it in a way that you don't like. When they're venting or sniping at you over little things – there it is! They are trying to hand you their feelings. They're projecting outward because those feelings are uncomfortable and they don't know what to do with them.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sometimes teens seek to connect over play through video games, cards, basketball, jigsaw puzzles, etc. “Play is how kids connect at all ages,” says Hurley. “It's a reason teenagers will say, ‘Dad, would you shoot hoops with me?’” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As Harvard psychologist Nancy Hill \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/40845/as-teens-push-away-what-can-parents-do-to-support-success\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">once noted\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, “Parenting teens is like hugging a cactus. Even as the ‘warm fuzzies’ are not often reciprocated, teens still need them, still need to know they are loved unconditionally.” According to a study she \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.gse.harvard.edu/file/parental-involvementwang-hill-hofkens-2014pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">authored\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, parental warmth amplifies all other parenting strategies, even when teens distance themselves from parents.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Listen Your Way Through Their Problems\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The best thing parents and caregivers can give teens right now is the undivided attention of listening, empathizing and compassion, says Hurley. When teens do share their worries, resist the urge to either minimize them or solve the problem for them. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“They want you to listen your way through their problems so that they have somebody to vent to and bounce ideas off of,” says Hurley. Practice being a sounding board – a calm presence who offers short, empathetic responses such as: \"Wow, that's hard. I feel for you. I'm heartbroken for you. This seems really difficult.\" \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the face of this empathetic listening, teens often start to solve their own problems. “They shift from what feels like a litany of complaints to a little bit of, ‘Maybe I should do this or that.’ They start coming up with ideas,” says Hurley. The hardest part for parents is to just listen and not share our own ideas because we know what's worked for us. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hurley offered this example of how adult language can support teen problem-solving: When teens share what bothers them, first validate their emotions with \"That sounds really hard” or “That stinks.\" And then ask something like, “Is this a problem that you think you can solve or is this a problem that we need to endure? Are you looking for an answer or do you want help riding out the storm by talking you through it, guiding you through it or just listening you through it?” Nine times out of ten, says Hurley, they want someone to “listen through it.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If teens struggle to come up with their own next steps, adults can reaffirm that “there's no easy answer,” says Hurley, and perhaps ask, “What are some things that give you little bits of hope right now? What would help you feel one percent better?” These “little bits of hope” can become small steps for moving forward.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Drowning Doesn’t Build Resilience\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the last 20 years, the term “helicopter parenting” became shorthand for parents who are overly involved in their children’s lives and whose “hovering” interferes with children’s ability to develop independence. But, like any other parenting conundrum, the desire to avoid becoming a “helicopter parent” can be taken to extremes. When teens are in distress, sometimes parents think, \"I need to step away from you. You have to figure it out all by yourself.\" And while adolescents are highly capable problem-solvers, we don’t need to leave them to go it alone. “That's not resilience. That's loneliness,” says Hurley. “We know from years and years of research that human beings need each other. We are supposed to help each other out. We aren't supposed to be drowning in a stormy sea without a life ring.” Rather, she says, teens need adults to be the anchors to hold them steady.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In fact, the science around resilience – or the capacity to recover from difficulties – highlights the need for adults to support children in developing this character strength. According to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.gse.harvard.edu/news/uk/15/03/science-resilience\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">research\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> out of Harvard’s Center for the Developing Child, “Resilience can be built; it’s not an innate trait . . . [It] is shaped throughout life by the accumulation of experiences — both good and bad — and the continuing development of adaptive coping skills connected to those experiences.” Hurley says, “If there were awards for your soft skills, resilience would be a lifetime achievement award. It’s something that’s accrued over time, as we learn that we can work through hard things, we can solve problems and we can cope. But it’s not reasonable to expect teenagers to be able to do this independently a hundred percent of the time because their brains are not even fully formed until they’re 25 years old.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And here’s more good news for adults worried about their own capacity to help their adolescents right now. According to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://developingchild.harvard.edu/resources/supportive-relationships-and-active-skill-building-strengthen-the-foundations-of-resilience/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">research\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, “children who do well despite serious hardship have had at least one stable and committed relationship with a supportive adult.” In other words, in tough times, a parent or caregiver’s very presence can be a protective factor. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Practice Zooming Out & Finding Purpose\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As humans, we tend to zoom in to hyperfocus on what we think is important. For parents of teens, that often includes grades, test scores and the college process. But what if those aren’t the right places to focus our lenses right now? Hurley says, “We have to hit pause, zoom out and say, ‘What other things can our kids learn during this time?’ Can they learn the value of pulling in the trash cans for an elderly neighbor? Can they learn how to help a younger child by reading them stories over Zoom? Yes, they can. There are all sorts of different ways that we can channel this stressful energy into positive outcomes.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And if a teen has a hard time thinking outside of themselves right now – beyond what they are feeling and missing – that doesn’t mean they are selfish. It just means that they're human and they're struggling. Meet them there and say, \"I get this. This is hard. What else can you do?\" says Hurley. “We have to help kids find some purpose, anything. Because when we have purpose, we are optimistic and we feel like we can get through hard things.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Look for Small Pieces of Happiness\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For parents who are struggling to find their own equilibrium, Hurley suggests looking for small pieces of happiness and hope each day. “We have this tendency to kind of hitch our wagons to big ideas and big things. But right now, we need to dial that back and look for the small things. So, if siblings who have been fighting for six months straight are not fighting as much anymore, that's kind of a big thing.” Likewise, if a teen who is struggling in school finds a new interest – from birdwatching to cooking to Garageband compositions – “that's a big win right there; we have to look for these little, big things.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Similarly, we can acknowledge all the ways teens are coping and growing and giving and express our awe at how well they are doing in an unnerving time. Recently, Hurley found herself saying to her own kids, “‘I think you guys are remarkable. This has been a really difficult time. And it hasn't always been easy for you, but you're weathering the storm with us, and you're doing what you need to do. And you're coming to us when it's too hard. And you're asking to play a game or walk the dog together if you need to connect.’ Those things are important and we have to call those out.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "With Senior Year In Disarray, Teens And Young Adults Feel Lost. Here's How To Help",
"title": "With Senior Year In Disarray, Teens And Young Adults Feel Lost. Here's How To Help",
"headTitle": "MindShift | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>For many young people sheltering at home means missing milestones and public recognition of their achievements. This is especially true for seniors graduating from high school and college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kendall Smith, a high school senior who lives in Tallahassee, Fla., says her school has many traditions leading up to graduation. But this year things are very different.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most eagerly anticipated events is \"Grad Bash,\" a rite of passage when all graduating seniors head off to Disney World. \"It's something we've looked forward to since we were freshmen,\" says Smith. \"And I remember hearing about all the memories and seeing them on Snapchat and Instagram, and being so excited about going with my friends.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So it was understandably disappointing when this highly anticipated event was cancelled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith, who plays flag football, says a big celebration for senior athletes was also canceled. \"It's this huge event where people walk through the middle of the field with their parents and their family and they have flowers and you just really feel special that night,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teens are suffering from missing out on these experiences and the opportunity for connecting with their peers at critical transitions into adulthood, says \u003ca href=\"https://public.med.fsu.edu/com/directory/Details/18174\">Dr. Ludmila De faria\u003c/a>, a psychiatrist with Florida State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says they're \"mourning the loss of important developmental milestones they were supposed to be doing at this time in their lives.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And experts advise parents to take these issues seriously and try to help kids process them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These losses are also experienced by college students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waverly Hart is 21 and a senior at the College of Wooster in Ohio. One of the most memorable graduation events is \"I.S. Monday,\" short for Independent Study Monday, when seniors celebrate finishing their theses. Hart says it typically occurs on the first Monday after spring break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All the seniors skip classes, and there's a huge parade. And everybody on campus cheers us on and that's something that we've been looking forward to since we were admitted to Wooster. And now we won't get to experience that ... ever,\" says Hart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a competitive cross-country runner, Hart was looking forward to taking part in the last season of her high school career but that was canceled as well. \"And it's really heartbreaking to know that the last race I competed in was indeed my last race ever. And I won't get another chance to compete in the black and gold Wooster uniform.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graduation itself has been \"postponed\" she says, although she expects it will be officially canceled sometime soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a freshman at the University of Michigan, 19-year-old Sophie Busch never expected to end up home before finishing her first year. She's proud of her freshman research project on childhood obesity and disappointed she won't be presenting her findings at a large research symposium at the end of April. (It was canceled.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was looking forward to presenting my research with the other freshmen in my lab, and I was just excited to show it to my other friends — and my parents and grandma were also going to come.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>De faria, who works with student mental health, says when young people miss kinds of momentous events, \"it's almost like they are forced to regress a little bit or at least not progress as expected on their developmental milestone.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And she says, college students in particular are losing their support group during an important developmental phase. They had moved away from their families of origin, which is part of a process called individuating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're finding their people, their identities and developing their ability to take care of themselves,\" she says. \"The people they live with, their roommates in college become their primary source of support. They lost that suddenly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This can be traumatic for a generation that \"already suffers high levels of anxiety,\" she says. It puts them at greater risk of developing clinical anxiety and depression. Students like this may require some sort of therapeutic help from home, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many parents may be at a loss for how to reassure their children during a time of such great uncertainty, which could make things even harder on teens and young adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's unprecedented for all of us, but it's completely new for teens and young adults — and they don't have the wealth of experiences that older individuals have with transitions,\" says psychologist \u003ca href=\"https://www.apa.org/research/action/speaking-of-psychology/stress-discrimination\">Lynn Bufka\u003c/a>, spokesperson for the American Psychological Association. \"They're trying to figure out how to do transitions and manage change within an environment where everything seems upside-down for them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bufka says she's hearing from young people that the situation is \"very new and very different and very hard for them,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That need for strong peer relationships, coupled with less experience dealing with and adapting to adversity, means you have a generation that is going to struggle more,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are ways to help them cope. Here are a few things parents can try.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Acknowledge their feelings\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bufka says an important way for parents to help high school and college students by simply acknowledging their feelings — the sadness and disappointment they feel about the loss of prom, celebrations and graduation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents should recognize that for many young people, \"this is the biggest thing they've experienced in their lives,\" she says. \"They're too young to remember 9-11. Collectively as a generation, this is a really big experience for them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you're young, understanding that life is just not as predictable as they might have thought can be scary, she says. Parents can help by letting them talk about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Encourage them to stay connected\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young people need to establish a cushion of social connection they can lean on through these times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bufka says staying socially connected, even virtually, can be helpful. In fact she prefers to describe distance precautions as \"physical distancing,\" not social distancing. \"It's important to maintain social connection and intimacy even if this is not in person,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, she encourages young people to take advantage of the many ways to socially connect, with all kinds of shared online activities, including group chats, dinners, TV and even movie watching.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Shift focus to what they can control\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bufka recommends talking to your teen or college-aged child about the things they do have some control over\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graduation may be postponed or cancelled but young people can plan special events for after the pandemic has ended. Perhaps a trip with best friends or a post graduation party. Focus on the positive events that can occur at the end of this crisis. Envision how you can celebrate and maybe even start making plans now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emphasize the greater good\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can help to point out to young people that they are making sacrifices right now not just for their own health and safety, but for the greater good. She points to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30460-8/fulltext\">study\u003c/a> which looked at previous infectious disease crises, including the 2003 SARS and the 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa. People are able to cope better, she says, when they \"think about the altruistic reason they're doing this.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Changes in everyday life to limit the spread of disease may be hard, but \"we're in it together and we're in it to benefit the larger community and to have a good impact on overall health and well-being.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida high schooler Smith says she and her peers understand this well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As disappointed as we all are that we're missing out on these important milestones in our life we do understand that this virus is killing people, and that if we don't sacrifice these things that we might contribute to the problem.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She adds they wouldn't want to be \"the reason that a student takes home that virus to their family, maybe a grandparent that can't fight that off, or maybe somebody with asthma that doesn't have the lungs to be able to deal with coronavirus.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We understand these sacrifices need to be made and we know that we are doing our part in this, doing what we can for society,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, Bufka says once young people get through this crisis, they will realize they can handle tough situations and get to the other side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It will make us stronger — sometimes we surprise ourselves.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=With+Senior+Year+In+Disarray%2C+Teens+And+Young+Adults+Feel+Lost.+Here%27s+How+To+Help&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For many young people sheltering at home means missing milestones and public recognition of their achievements. This is especially true for seniors graduating from high school and college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kendall Smith, a high school senior who lives in Tallahassee, Fla., says her school has many traditions leading up to graduation. But this year things are very different.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most eagerly anticipated events is \"Grad Bash,\" a rite of passage when all graduating seniors head off to Disney World. \"It's something we've looked forward to since we were freshmen,\" says Smith. \"And I remember hearing about all the memories and seeing them on Snapchat and Instagram, and being so excited about going with my friends.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So it was understandably disappointing when this highly anticipated event was cancelled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith, who plays flag football, says a big celebration for senior athletes was also canceled. \"It's this huge event where people walk through the middle of the field with their parents and their family and they have flowers and you just really feel special that night,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teens are suffering from missing out on these experiences and the opportunity for connecting with their peers at critical transitions into adulthood, says \u003ca href=\"https://public.med.fsu.edu/com/directory/Details/18174\">Dr. Ludmila De faria\u003c/a>, a psychiatrist with Florida State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says they're \"mourning the loss of important developmental milestones they were supposed to be doing at this time in their lives.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And experts advise parents to take these issues seriously and try to help kids process them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These losses are also experienced by college students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waverly Hart is 21 and a senior at the College of Wooster in Ohio. One of the most memorable graduation events is \"I.S. Monday,\" short for Independent Study Monday, when seniors celebrate finishing their theses. Hart says it typically occurs on the first Monday after spring break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All the seniors skip classes, and there's a huge parade. And everybody on campus cheers us on and that's something that we've been looking forward to since we were admitted to Wooster. And now we won't get to experience that ... ever,\" says Hart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a competitive cross-country runner, Hart was looking forward to taking part in the last season of her high school career but that was canceled as well. \"And it's really heartbreaking to know that the last race I competed in was indeed my last race ever. And I won't get another chance to compete in the black and gold Wooster uniform.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graduation itself has been \"postponed\" she says, although she expects it will be officially canceled sometime soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a freshman at the University of Michigan, 19-year-old Sophie Busch never expected to end up home before finishing her first year. She's proud of her freshman research project on childhood obesity and disappointed she won't be presenting her findings at a large research symposium at the end of April. (It was canceled.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was looking forward to presenting my research with the other freshmen in my lab, and I was just excited to show it to my other friends — and my parents and grandma were also going to come.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>De faria, who works with student mental health, says when young people miss kinds of momentous events, \"it's almost like they are forced to regress a little bit or at least not progress as expected on their developmental milestone.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And she says, college students in particular are losing their support group during an important developmental phase. They had moved away from their families of origin, which is part of a process called individuating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're finding their people, their identities and developing their ability to take care of themselves,\" she says. \"The people they live with, their roommates in college become their primary source of support. They lost that suddenly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This can be traumatic for a generation that \"already suffers high levels of anxiety,\" she says. It puts them at greater risk of developing clinical anxiety and depression. Students like this may require some sort of therapeutic help from home, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many parents may be at a loss for how to reassure their children during a time of such great uncertainty, which could make things even harder on teens and young adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's unprecedented for all of us, but it's completely new for teens and young adults — and they don't have the wealth of experiences that older individuals have with transitions,\" says psychologist \u003ca href=\"https://www.apa.org/research/action/speaking-of-psychology/stress-discrimination\">Lynn Bufka\u003c/a>, spokesperson for the American Psychological Association. \"They're trying to figure out how to do transitions and manage change within an environment where everything seems upside-down for them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bufka says she's hearing from young people that the situation is \"very new and very different and very hard for them,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That need for strong peer relationships, coupled with less experience dealing with and adapting to adversity, means you have a generation that is going to struggle more,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are ways to help them cope. Here are a few things parents can try.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Acknowledge their feelings\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bufka says an important way for parents to help high school and college students by simply acknowledging their feelings — the sadness and disappointment they feel about the loss of prom, celebrations and graduation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents should recognize that for many young people, \"this is the biggest thing they've experienced in their lives,\" she says. \"They're too young to remember 9-11. Collectively as a generation, this is a really big experience for them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you're young, understanding that life is just not as predictable as they might have thought can be scary, she says. Parents can help by letting them talk about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Encourage them to stay connected\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young people need to establish a cushion of social connection they can lean on through these times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bufka says staying socially connected, even virtually, can be helpful. In fact she prefers to describe distance precautions as \"physical distancing,\" not social distancing. \"It's important to maintain social connection and intimacy even if this is not in person,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, she encourages young people to take advantage of the many ways to socially connect, with all kinds of shared online activities, including group chats, dinners, TV and even movie watching.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Shift focus to what they can control\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bufka recommends talking to your teen or college-aged child about the things they do have some control over\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graduation may be postponed or cancelled but young people can plan special events for after the pandemic has ended. Perhaps a trip with best friends or a post graduation party. Focus on the positive events that can occur at the end of this crisis. Envision how you can celebrate and maybe even start making plans now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emphasize the greater good\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can help to point out to young people that they are making sacrifices right now not just for their own health and safety, but for the greater good. She points to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30460-8/fulltext\">study\u003c/a> which looked at previous infectious disease crises, including the 2003 SARS and the 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa. People are able to cope better, she says, when they \"think about the altruistic reason they're doing this.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Changes in everyday life to limit the spread of disease may be hard, but \"we're in it together and we're in it to benefit the larger community and to have a good impact on overall health and well-being.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida high schooler Smith says she and her peers understand this well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As disappointed as we all are that we're missing out on these important milestones in our life we do understand that this virus is killing people, and that if we don't sacrifice these things that we might contribute to the problem.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She adds they wouldn't want to be \"the reason that a student takes home that virus to their family, maybe a grandparent that can't fight that off, or maybe somebody with asthma that doesn't have the lungs to be able to deal with coronavirus.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We understand these sacrifices need to be made and we know that we are doing our part in this, doing what we can for society,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, Bufka says once young people get through this crisis, they will realize they can handle tough situations and get to the other side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It will make us stronger — sometimes we surprise ourselves.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=With+Senior+Year+In+Disarray%2C+Teens+And+Young+Adults+Feel+Lost.+Here%27s+How+To+Help&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Why Teachers Want Math with More Human Ties",
"headTitle": "Why Teachers Want Math with More Human Ties | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Mathematics is created by humans, math teachers are humans and math students are humans. Yet many contemporary math classrooms erase humans from the equation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Often mathematics is talked about as if it were apolitical, objective, and cold. A sterile textbook, a teacher writing on a chalkboard and rarely turning around,” said \u003ca href=\"https://samjshah.com/about/\">Sam Shah\u003c/a>, a high school math teacher in Brooklyn, New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many students, that model of math class is unengaging or \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/52749/how-to-make-sure-your-math-anxiety-doesnt-make-your-kids-hate-math\">anxiety-provoking\u003c/a>. With \u003ca href=\"https://www.usnews.com/news/education-news/articles/2019-10-30/across-the-board-scores-drop-in-math-and-reading-for-us-students\">math scores declining or stagnant\u003c/a> among U.S. fourth- and eighth-graders in the last decade, and the country ranking \u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/u-s-now-ranks-near-bottom-among-35-industrialized-nations-math/\">near the bottom of industrialized nations\u003c/a> for high school math performance, some educators are looking to reimagine math classrooms as more interactional, humanizing spaces. In August, Shah and \u003ca href=\"https://hemakhodai.com/\">Hema Khodai\u003c/a> — an instructional resource teacher in Mississauga, Ontario — organized the Virtual Conference on Humanizing Mathematics to help shift the paradigm. In a month-long series of \u003ca href=\"https://samjshah.com/humanizing-mathematics-convention-center/\">blog posts\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/search?q=%23vconhm&src=typed_query\">social media threads\u003c/a>, math educators swapped ideas, reflections and questions about how to bring math to life and put humans — particularly students — at the center.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Making Room for Mistakes\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to Vanderbilt education \u003ca href=\"https://peabody.vanderbilt.edu/bio/ilana-horn\">researcher Ilana Horn\u003c/a>, a humanizing math classroom is “one where kids can bring their ideas and interact with their ideas about math to be able to make sense of it.” \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/54389/3-ways-to-shape-math-into-a-positive-experience\">Dominant narratives about math\u003c/a> often inhibit those possibilities, and dehumanize math, Horn said in an interview with MindShift. Among those narratives is the belief that speed and accuracy are the hallmarks of math intelligence. To counter that idea, Horn said teachers can point to the history of mathematical advances that resulted from thinking systematically, asking astute questions, looking for patterns and other types of intelligence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Horn also suggested that teachers affirm to students that everyone makes mistakes. When teachers \u003ca href=\"https://amte.net/content/inviting-rough-draft-thinking-humanize-mathematics-classroom-affiliate-webinar\">encourage “rough draft thinking”\u003c/a> in math class, students can \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/53524/how-revising-math-exams-turns-students-into-learners-not-processors\">see math as a process\u003c/a>, not a race to the correct answer. In a \u003ca href=\"https://picrust.wordpress.com/2019/07/29/where-does-chocolate-milk-come-from/\">blog post\u003c/a> for the Virtual Conference on Humanizing Mathematics, teacher \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/allison_krasnow\">Allison Krasnow\u003c/a> discussed her 5-year-old son’s idea that chocolate milk comes from brown cows as a playful example of rough draft thinking. Though her elder son quickly dismissed his brother’s conjecture, Krasnow reflected on how the exchange showed her younger child’s developing reasoning skills. Wondering how many such moments she misses with students, Krasnow encouraged teachers to “delight in (rough draft thinking) and know that it’s necessary for deeper understanding of the mathematics we’re learning together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Knowing Students as People\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For Khodai, creating humanizing classrooms starts with understanding students as people. “Mathematical identities are developed over time through exposure and experience and it is important for me to know the identity of my learners to best serve them,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shah said that one way he gets to know his students is \u003ca href=\"https://www.saravanderwerf.com/week-1-day-1-name-tents-with-feedback/\">name tents\u003c/a>, a practice popularized by Minnesota teacher and blogger \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/saravdwerf\">Sara VanDerWerf\u003c/a>. During the first week of school, students write comments and questions on the inside of a paper name tent, and the teacher responds daily. Student feedback can range from math-related — “I’m a little overwhelmed because I didn’t retain much from middle school” — to personal information — “I have three cats (three too many).” Some teachers have found the feedback from name tents so helpful they \u003ca href=\"https://marybourassa.blogspot.com/2019/09/keeping-conversation-going.html\">keep the conversations going beyond the first week\u003c/a>. Other ways to \u003ca href=\"http://misscalculate.blogspot.com/2019/08/belongingness.html\">help students feel seen and cared for\u003c/a> throughout the year include cracking jokes, giving authentic compliments, celebrating birthdays and asking non-math questions, wrote virtual conference participant, Illinois teacher \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/misscalcul8\">Elissa Miller\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Understanding the Bigger Picture\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Knowing students also means understanding how race, class and other categories of identity can shape math identities. Several virtual conference participants shared their own backgrounds as examples. In \u003ca href=\"https://teachingwithmath.wordpress.com/2019/08/08/how-i-became-a-doer-of-mathematics/\">a video post\u003c/a>, Florida principal Makeda Brome described how her parents and pop culture figures like \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwayne_Cleofis_Wayne\">Dwayne Wayne\u003c/a> enabled her to see herself as a “doer of mathematics” early in life. As she advanced in her education, though, she saw fewer and fewer black girls in math, which motivated her to \u003ca href=\"https://mathematicallygiftedandblack.com/rising-stars/\">be an example\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m_Wi_FB71iI\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For graduate student Usha Shanmugathasan, her family’s status as refugees and her father’s death when she was a child \u003ca href=\"http://hemakhodai.com/Shanmugathasan/\">made math a necessity\u003c/a>. “Now, at the age of 12, I was budgeting, comparing prices and looking for sales, and balancing the cheque book,” Shanmugathasan wrote. “I was learning about integers at school and at home I was helping to figure out how to deal with debt, and how to pay rent and eat on a meager income. This was the dichotomous math of my life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mathematical skills and thinking of students from marginalized groups have often been erased by Western schooling, according to University of Illinois professor \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/RG1gal\">Rochelle Gutiérrez\u003c/a>. In her \u003ca href=\"http://hemakhodai.com/gutierrez/\">blog post\u003c/a> for the virtual conference, Gutiérrez added the prefix “re-” to the term “humanizing mathematics,” noting that humans have been doing mathematics in “humane (beautiful) ways for centuries/millennia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also outlined \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D266LYIigS0&list=PLHyI3Fbmv0SfUMTemP8HvPQdG5HCbYp-0&index=9&t=0s\">eight dimensions\u003c/a> for rehumanizing mathematics and four questions that educators can use to reimagine their practices:\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">In mathematics, what feels dehumanizing to my students?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">In mathematics, what feels dehumanizing to me, other teachers, or families/communities?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">What might feel more rehumanizing?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">Who can help me rehumanize this space?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In planning the virtual conference, Shah, the co-organizer, said he had hoped to mine techniques to import into his own classroom. What affected him more, though, were the human stories participants shared and the ways those reminded him of his power and responsibility as a teacher. Math classrooms do not succeed or fail just on curriculum, Shah said, but “on understanding that the room is filled with complex, wonderful individuals who are bringing their whole histories and selves to class each day.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Mathematics is created by humans, math teachers are humans and math students are humans. Yet many contemporary math classrooms erase humans from the equation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Often mathematics is talked about as if it were apolitical, objective, and cold. A sterile textbook, a teacher writing on a chalkboard and rarely turning around,” said \u003ca href=\"https://samjshah.com/about/\">Sam Shah\u003c/a>, a high school math teacher in Brooklyn, New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many students, that model of math class is unengaging or \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/52749/how-to-make-sure-your-math-anxiety-doesnt-make-your-kids-hate-math\">anxiety-provoking\u003c/a>. With \u003ca href=\"https://www.usnews.com/news/education-news/articles/2019-10-30/across-the-board-scores-drop-in-math-and-reading-for-us-students\">math scores declining or stagnant\u003c/a> among U.S. fourth- and eighth-graders in the last decade, and the country ranking \u003ca href=\"https://hechingerreport.org/u-s-now-ranks-near-bottom-among-35-industrialized-nations-math/\">near the bottom of industrialized nations\u003c/a> for high school math performance, some educators are looking to reimagine math classrooms as more interactional, humanizing spaces. In August, Shah and \u003ca href=\"https://hemakhodai.com/\">Hema Khodai\u003c/a> — an instructional resource teacher in Mississauga, Ontario — organized the Virtual Conference on Humanizing Mathematics to help shift the paradigm. In a month-long series of \u003ca href=\"https://samjshah.com/humanizing-mathematics-convention-center/\">blog posts\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/search?q=%23vconhm&src=typed_query\">social media threads\u003c/a>, math educators swapped ideas, reflections and questions about how to bring math to life and put humans — particularly students — at the center.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Making Room for Mistakes\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to Vanderbilt education \u003ca href=\"https://peabody.vanderbilt.edu/bio/ilana-horn\">researcher Ilana Horn\u003c/a>, a humanizing math classroom is “one where kids can bring their ideas and interact with their ideas about math to be able to make sense of it.” \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/54389/3-ways-to-shape-math-into-a-positive-experience\">Dominant narratives about math\u003c/a> often inhibit those possibilities, and dehumanize math, Horn said in an interview with MindShift. Among those narratives is the belief that speed and accuracy are the hallmarks of math intelligence. To counter that idea, Horn said teachers can point to the history of mathematical advances that resulted from thinking systematically, asking astute questions, looking for patterns and other types of intelligence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Horn also suggested that teachers affirm to students that everyone makes mistakes. When teachers \u003ca href=\"https://amte.net/content/inviting-rough-draft-thinking-humanize-mathematics-classroom-affiliate-webinar\">encourage “rough draft thinking”\u003c/a> in math class, students can \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/53524/how-revising-math-exams-turns-students-into-learners-not-processors\">see math as a process\u003c/a>, not a race to the correct answer. In a \u003ca href=\"https://picrust.wordpress.com/2019/07/29/where-does-chocolate-milk-come-from/\">blog post\u003c/a> for the Virtual Conference on Humanizing Mathematics, teacher \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/allison_krasnow\">Allison Krasnow\u003c/a> discussed her 5-year-old son’s idea that chocolate milk comes from brown cows as a playful example of rough draft thinking. Though her elder son quickly dismissed his brother’s conjecture, Krasnow reflected on how the exchange showed her younger child’s developing reasoning skills. Wondering how many such moments she misses with students, Krasnow encouraged teachers to “delight in (rough draft thinking) and know that it’s necessary for deeper understanding of the mathematics we’re learning together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Knowing Students as People\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For Khodai, creating humanizing classrooms starts with understanding students as people. “Mathematical identities are developed over time through exposure and experience and it is important for me to know the identity of my learners to best serve them,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shah said that one way he gets to know his students is \u003ca href=\"https://www.saravanderwerf.com/week-1-day-1-name-tents-with-feedback/\">name tents\u003c/a>, a practice popularized by Minnesota teacher and blogger \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/saravdwerf\">Sara VanDerWerf\u003c/a>. During the first week of school, students write comments and questions on the inside of a paper name tent, and the teacher responds daily. Student feedback can range from math-related — “I’m a little overwhelmed because I didn’t retain much from middle school” — to personal information — “I have three cats (three too many).” Some teachers have found the feedback from name tents so helpful they \u003ca href=\"https://marybourassa.blogspot.com/2019/09/keeping-conversation-going.html\">keep the conversations going beyond the first week\u003c/a>. Other ways to \u003ca href=\"http://misscalculate.blogspot.com/2019/08/belongingness.html\">help students feel seen and cared for\u003c/a> throughout the year include cracking jokes, giving authentic compliments, celebrating birthdays and asking non-math questions, wrote virtual conference participant, Illinois teacher \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/misscalcul8\">Elissa Miller\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Understanding the Bigger Picture\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Knowing students also means understanding how race, class and other categories of identity can shape math identities. Several virtual conference participants shared their own backgrounds as examples. In \u003ca href=\"https://teachingwithmath.wordpress.com/2019/08/08/how-i-became-a-doer-of-mathematics/\">a video post\u003c/a>, Florida principal Makeda Brome described how her parents and pop culture figures like \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwayne_Cleofis_Wayne\">Dwayne Wayne\u003c/a> enabled her to see herself as a “doer of mathematics” early in life. As she advanced in her education, though, she saw fewer and fewer black girls in math, which motivated her to \u003ca href=\"https://mathematicallygiftedandblack.com/rising-stars/\">be an example\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/m_Wi_FB71iI'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/m_Wi_FB71iI'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>For graduate student Usha Shanmugathasan, her family’s status as refugees and her father’s death when she was a child \u003ca href=\"http://hemakhodai.com/Shanmugathasan/\">made math a necessity\u003c/a>. “Now, at the age of 12, I was budgeting, comparing prices and looking for sales, and balancing the cheque book,” Shanmugathasan wrote. “I was learning about integers at school and at home I was helping to figure out how to deal with debt, and how to pay rent and eat on a meager income. This was the dichotomous math of my life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mathematical skills and thinking of students from marginalized groups have often been erased by Western schooling, according to University of Illinois professor \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/RG1gal\">Rochelle Gutiérrez\u003c/a>. In her \u003ca href=\"http://hemakhodai.com/gutierrez/\">blog post\u003c/a> for the virtual conference, Gutiérrez added the prefix “re-” to the term “humanizing mathematics,” noting that humans have been doing mathematics in “humane (beautiful) ways for centuries/millennia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also outlined \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D266LYIigS0&list=PLHyI3Fbmv0SfUMTemP8HvPQdG5HCbYp-0&index=9&t=0s\">eight dimensions\u003c/a> for rehumanizing mathematics and four questions that educators can use to reimagine their practices:\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">In mathematics, what feels dehumanizing to my students?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">In mathematics, what feels dehumanizing to me, other teachers, or families/communities?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">What might feel more rehumanizing?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">Who can help me rehumanize this space?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In planning the virtual conference, Shah, the co-organizer, said he had hoped to mine techniques to import into his own classroom. What affected him more, though, were the human stories participants shared and the ways those reminded him of his power and responsibility as a teacher. Math classrooms do not succeed or fail just on curriculum, Shah said, but “on understanding that the room is filled with complex, wonderful individuals who are bringing their whole histories and selves to class each day.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "How To Help Kids Manage Early Puberty",
"title": "How To Help Kids Manage Early Puberty",
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"content": "\u003cp>From surging hormones and acne to body hair and body odor, puberty can be a rocky transition for any kid. But girls and boys who start physically developing sooner than their peers face particular social and emotional challenges, researchers find.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Puberty is a pivotal time in kids' lives, and early maturing boys and girls may be more likely to struggle psychologically,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.human.cornell.edu/people/jem482\">Jane Mendle\u003c/a>, a psychologist and associate professor at Cornell University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/141/1/e20171703..info\">2018 study\u003c/a> conducted by Mendle and her team found that girls who entered puberty significantly earlier than their peers were at higher risk for mental health concerns. They're more likely to become depressed during adolescence, the study finds, and this distress can persist into adulthood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For some girls, puberty can throw them off course, and the emotional stress can linger,\" Mendle says, \"even after the challenges of puberty wane.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the age-range for puberty varies, says \u003ca href=\"https://www.texaschildrens.org/find-a-doctor/jennifer-e-dietrich-md\">Jennifer Dietrich\u003c/a>, a pediatric gynecologist at Texas Children's Hospital, the average age of menses is 12.3 years old. However, about \u003ca href=\"https://www.menstruationresearch.org/2015/09/24/what-happens-when-a-seven-year-old-gets-her-period/\">15%\u003c/a> of females start puberty much sooner — by the age of 7.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aap.org/en-us/about-the-aap/aap-press-room/pages/AAP-Study-Documents-Early-Puberty-Onset-In-Boys.aspx\">American Academy of Pediatrics\u003c/a> suggests \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2012/12/24/167735056/like-girls-boys-are-entering-puberty-earlier\">boys are also developing earlier,\u003c/a> by age 10, which is six months to one year sooner than previous generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pediatricians haven't identified a lone cause for this shift, but Louise Greenspan, a pediatric endocrinologist at Kaiser Permanente in San Francisco, says childhood obesity, environmental chemical-contributors, and the effects of chronic stress — a hormonal response to neglect or abuse in the family, for example — may all play a role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a crucial time when kids long to fit in, puberty can make them stand out. And when breast buds and body hair sprout during elementary school, children often feel exposed. Unable to hide their sexual development from others, they may feel ashamed or embarrassed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cosette Taillac, a psychotherapist at Kaiser Permanente in Oakland, Calif., recalls a particular client, a 9-year-old girl, who was started to feel self-conscious playing soccer because her body was developing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the little girl no longer wanted to participate in sports — something she had always loved — her parents sought Taillac's help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She didn't want to dress in front of her teammates,\" says Taillac.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/2167702616643008\">Studies\u003c/a> show girls who physically mature early, may be more likely than boys to ruminate about these uneasy feelings. According to \u003ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/2167702616643008\">researchers\u003c/a>, this can prolong the emotional distress, which may increase their risk of depression and anxiety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, though girls are more likely to internalize the stress they feel, boys aren't unscathed, says Mendle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2011-27122-001\">research\u003c/a> by Mendle and her colleagues, early maturing boys were more likely than others to feel socially isolated and to face conflict with friends and classmates. \"This may increase their risk of depression,\" she says,\"but we're uncertain if these effects last into adulthood.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because information about early development tends to focus on girls, parents are often perplexed when their sons start puberty early, says Fran Walfish, a child and adolescent psychotherapist in Beverly Hills, Calif.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their first clue, she says, may come when a tween boy refuses to shower or wear deodorant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helping kids navigate these new social and emotional hurdles can be tricky, especially since puberty spans several years. But don't be afraid to reach out — or to start the conversation early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greenspan suggests talking to children about sexual development by the age of 6 or 7. \"Starting the conversation when kids are young, and keeping lines of communication open can make the transition less scary,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At times, parents may also need to advocate for their children. \"My client's parents worked with the soccer coach to create more privacy for her when dressing for team events,\" says Taillac. The simple adjustment helped the girl feel safe and more confident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, not all kids are eager for a parent's help; some shy away from even talking about their newfound struggles. That's sometimes a sign they're confused or overwhelmed, child psychologists say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's important for parents to realize that puberty triggers identity questions like 'Who am I?' and 'Where do I fit in?' for boys and girls,\" Walfish says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taillac says \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/02/18/695756015/from-friends-to-school-under-pressure-helps-teenage-girls-navigate-adolescence\">reading books together\u003c/a> can help. \"Books provide a common language to discuss what's going on, which can open up conversations between parents and children,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For elementary school girls, \u003ca href=\"https://www.americangirl.com/shop/ag/the-care-keeping-of-you-f2032\">\"The Care and Keeping of You: The Body Book for Younger Girls,\" by Valorie Schaefer\u003c/a> can be a helpful book. Reading \u003ca href=\"https://www.apa.org/pubs/magination/441B168\">\"The Tween Book: A Growing Up Guide for the Changing You,\" by Wendy Moss and Donald Moses\u003c/a> can be informative for boys and girls, even as they reach the teen years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seeing your child mature early can also worry a parent. If you find yourself unsure of how to intervene, psychologists say, remember that distraught kids often want the same thing we all seek when we're upset — a generous dose of empathy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luckily, compassion doesn't require parents to have all the answers. Puberty calls for the same good parenting skills as any other age: being emotionally available to kids through their developmental milestones, witnessing their growing pains, and providing comfort when life throws them curveballs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That advice is simple; the effects powerful. \u003ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0192513X18755423\">Scientific evidence\u003c/a> shows this kind of parental support helps foster emotional resilience, and that bolsters kids' health and relationships for years to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Juli Fraga is a psychologist and writer in San Francisco. You can find her on Twitter \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/dr_fraga\">@dr_fraga\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+To+Help+A+Kid+Survive+Early+Puberty&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>From surging hormones and acne to body hair and body odor, puberty can be a rocky transition for any kid. But girls and boys who start physically developing sooner than their peers face particular social and emotional challenges, researchers find.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Puberty is a pivotal time in kids' lives, and early maturing boys and girls may be more likely to struggle psychologically,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.human.cornell.edu/people/jem482\">Jane Mendle\u003c/a>, a psychologist and associate professor at Cornell University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/141/1/e20171703..info\">2018 study\u003c/a> conducted by Mendle and her team found that girls who entered puberty significantly earlier than their peers were at higher risk for mental health concerns. They're more likely to become depressed during adolescence, the study finds, and this distress can persist into adulthood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For some girls, puberty can throw them off course, and the emotional stress can linger,\" Mendle says, \"even after the challenges of puberty wane.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the age-range for puberty varies, says \u003ca href=\"https://www.texaschildrens.org/find-a-doctor/jennifer-e-dietrich-md\">Jennifer Dietrich\u003c/a>, a pediatric gynecologist at Texas Children's Hospital, the average age of menses is 12.3 years old. However, about \u003ca href=\"https://www.menstruationresearch.org/2015/09/24/what-happens-when-a-seven-year-old-gets-her-period/\">15%\u003c/a> of females start puberty much sooner — by the age of 7.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aap.org/en-us/about-the-aap/aap-press-room/pages/AAP-Study-Documents-Early-Puberty-Onset-In-Boys.aspx\">American Academy of Pediatrics\u003c/a> suggests \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2012/12/24/167735056/like-girls-boys-are-entering-puberty-earlier\">boys are also developing earlier,\u003c/a> by age 10, which is six months to one year sooner than previous generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pediatricians haven't identified a lone cause for this shift, but Louise Greenspan, a pediatric endocrinologist at Kaiser Permanente in San Francisco, says childhood obesity, environmental chemical-contributors, and the effects of chronic stress — a hormonal response to neglect or abuse in the family, for example — may all play a role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a crucial time when kids long to fit in, puberty can make them stand out. And when breast buds and body hair sprout during elementary school, children often feel exposed. Unable to hide their sexual development from others, they may feel ashamed or embarrassed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cosette Taillac, a psychotherapist at Kaiser Permanente in Oakland, Calif., recalls a particular client, a 9-year-old girl, who was started to feel self-conscious playing soccer because her body was developing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the little girl no longer wanted to participate in sports — something she had always loved — her parents sought Taillac's help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She didn't want to dress in front of her teammates,\" says Taillac.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/2167702616643008\">Studies\u003c/a> show girls who physically mature early, may be more likely than boys to ruminate about these uneasy feelings. According to \u003ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/2167702616643008\">researchers\u003c/a>, this can prolong the emotional distress, which may increase their risk of depression and anxiety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, though girls are more likely to internalize the stress they feel, boys aren't unscathed, says Mendle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2011-27122-001\">research\u003c/a> by Mendle and her colleagues, early maturing boys were more likely than others to feel socially isolated and to face conflict with friends and classmates. \"This may increase their risk of depression,\" she says,\"but we're uncertain if these effects last into adulthood.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because information about early development tends to focus on girls, parents are often perplexed when their sons start puberty early, says Fran Walfish, a child and adolescent psychotherapist in Beverly Hills, Calif.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their first clue, she says, may come when a tween boy refuses to shower or wear deodorant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helping kids navigate these new social and emotional hurdles can be tricky, especially since puberty spans several years. But don't be afraid to reach out — or to start the conversation early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greenspan suggests talking to children about sexual development by the age of 6 or 7. \"Starting the conversation when kids are young, and keeping lines of communication open can make the transition less scary,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At times, parents may also need to advocate for their children. \"My client's parents worked with the soccer coach to create more privacy for her when dressing for team events,\" says Taillac. The simple adjustment helped the girl feel safe and more confident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, not all kids are eager for a parent's help; some shy away from even talking about their newfound struggles. That's sometimes a sign they're confused or overwhelmed, child psychologists say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's important for parents to realize that puberty triggers identity questions like 'Who am I?' and 'Where do I fit in?' for boys and girls,\" Walfish says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taillac says \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/02/18/695756015/from-friends-to-school-under-pressure-helps-teenage-girls-navigate-adolescence\">reading books together\u003c/a> can help. \"Books provide a common language to discuss what's going on, which can open up conversations between parents and children,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For elementary school girls, \u003ca href=\"https://www.americangirl.com/shop/ag/the-care-keeping-of-you-f2032\">\"The Care and Keeping of You: The Body Book for Younger Girls,\" by Valorie Schaefer\u003c/a> can be a helpful book. Reading \u003ca href=\"https://www.apa.org/pubs/magination/441B168\">\"The Tween Book: A Growing Up Guide for the Changing You,\" by Wendy Moss and Donald Moses\u003c/a> can be informative for boys and girls, even as they reach the teen years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seeing your child mature early can also worry a parent. If you find yourself unsure of how to intervene, psychologists say, remember that distraught kids often want the same thing we all seek when we're upset — a generous dose of empathy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luckily, compassion doesn't require parents to have all the answers. Puberty calls for the same good parenting skills as any other age: being emotionally available to kids through their developmental milestones, witnessing their growing pains, and providing comfort when life throws them curveballs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That advice is simple; the effects powerful. \u003ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0192513X18755423\">Scientific evidence\u003c/a> shows this kind of parental support helps foster emotional resilience, and that bolsters kids' health and relationships for years to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Juli Fraga is a psychologist and writer in San Francisco. You can find her on Twitter \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/dr_fraga\">@dr_fraga\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+To+Help+A+Kid+Survive+Early+Puberty&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "How to Help Teenage Girls Reframe Anxiety and Strengthen Resilience",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the last decade, rates of anxiety-related disorders in teenagers have \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.johnshopkinshealthreview.com/issues/fall-winter-2017/articles/the-rise-of-teen-depression\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">steadily\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> risen, particularly in \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/138/6/e20161878\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">girls\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Researchers and psychologists posit \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.johnshopkinshealthreview.com/issues/fall-winter-2017/articles/the-rise-of-teen-depression\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">several\u003c/span>\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/our-changing-culture/201708/why-so-many-teens-today-have-become-depressed\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">hypotheses\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> about why these rates are on the rise -- from digital hyperconnectivity to heightened external pressures to simply a greater awareness, and therefore diagnosis, of mental health concerns. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Whatever the causes, Dr. Lisa Damour has hopeful news for parents and teens: first, some degree of stress and anxiety is not only normal but essential for human growth. And if those levels become untenable, there are tested strategies for reining anxiety back in. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Reframing Anxiety\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Damour, a psychologist and author of the new book \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.randomhousebooks.com/books/561788/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\"Under Pressure: Confronting the Epidemic of Stress and Anxiety in Girls,\" \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">has spent decades working with adolescent girls and their families. In recent years, she has noticed a change in how society views stress. “Somehow a misunderstanding has grown up about stress and anxiety where our culture now sees both as pathological,” said Damour. “The upshot of that is that we have adults and young people who are stressed about being stressed and anxious about being anxious.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Anxiety is a normal and healthy function, according to Damour, and much of the anxiety that teenagers express is a sign that they are aware of their surroundings, mindful of their growing responsibilities, and frightened of things that are, in fact, scary. Adults can \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">make a difference simply by “reassuring them that, a great deal of time, stress is just operating as a friend and ally to them.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Change and stress go hand in hand -- even if a change is positive. Teenagers' lives are filled with change: Their bodies and brains are transforming, they usually switch schools at least once between grades 5 and 12, their academic workload is increasing, and social relationships are constantly evolving. The anxiety that comes with stretching to face these and other challenges is part of how humans develop strength, said Damour. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When she talks with teenage girls, she uses the metaphor of exercise: To develop physical strength, you have to slowly push your levels of physical endurance, building up strength through resistance training. Similarly, said Damour, “you should see [a challenge] as an extraordinary weight training program for your mind. You are going to walk out of it tougher and stronger than you have ever been.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Stress, Emotion and the Teenage Brain\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sometimes anxiety and stress reach levels that impede a girl’s ability to navigate life effectively. That said, Damour cautions that an emotional outburst -- in and of itself -- is not a reliable indicator of mental health. “If you are raising a normally developing teenage daughter, she will have meltdowns. And there’s nothing you can do to prevent that,” said Damour.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Of course, when it’s your daughter who is sobbing on the bathroom floor, it’s hard to keep this in perspective. “When it’s your kid, it’s terrifying,” Damour said. “A lot of parents are frightened and paralyzed in that moment. They wonder: Is this a sign that something is really wrong or that my kid is really out of control?” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is where a little neuroscience might be helpful, said Damour. “The adolescent brain is very gawky and vulnerable to emotion.” That gawkiness stems from the extraordinary brain development that happens in adolescence. “The brain is upgrading, but in the same order as it initially developed,” said Damour, from the more primitive regions that house emotions to the more sophisticated regions that regulate perspective and problem-solving.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[mindshift-podcast]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The result? “When she’s calm, a teenage girl can outreason any adult. When she’s upset, her primitive regions can hijack the whole system and take it down.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When your daughter is emotionally overwhelmed, give her a little time. Damour said it’s easy to see a meltdown as a fire that’s about to turn into a conflagration. But a storm is a more accurate metaphor. “You can’t stop a storm,” she said. “You have to wait it out. But these storms do pass. The brain will reset itself. Don’t try to stop the storm or fix it in the moment.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Instead, sit with her, go on a walk together, watch a funny show, or offer her a cup of tea, advised Damour. After weathering a few storms successfully, “parents and teenagers get to discover that -- all by itself -- the storm will pass. At that point, either the problem completely evaporates and she moves on, or the girl can now look at the problem with clear eyes, assess it with her prefrontal lobe back online, and figure out what she wants to do.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Responding Instead of Reacting\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teenage girls are particularly sensitive to the cues they receive from parents and teachers – from words to facial expressions. How adults respond to teens’ emotional reactions matters a lot, said Damour. When adults become anxious in response to a teen’s anxiety, it exacerbates the situation. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Helping girls weather stress storms can be “excruciating for parents,” and Damour said she understands the almost primal desire to alleviate the pain, solve the problem for them or remove the stressor -- such as letting them stay home from school if they are anxious about a test. But avoidance feeds anxiety. Girls often feel stressed because they overestimate the difficulty of a situation and \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">underestimate\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> their ability to deal with it, said Damour. When they avoid a situation, they miss the opportunity to correct that perception and recognize their own strength. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Damour has found two words helpful in helping keep teens in the driver’s seat: “stinks” and “handle.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“ ‘That really stinks’ is a very simple phrase that cuts right through it. It says, ‘I hear you and I’m just going to sit here for a moment and acknowledge that what you are up against isn’t that great,’ ” said Damour, “Empathy goes very, very far in helping them contain what is upsetting them.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Often, there is no simple solution to a stressor, so “the next step may simply be acceptance – acceptance of the situation and of their strength to persist through it. It’s the ability to say to yourself, ‘This stinks, but this is something I can handle.’ ” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Damour said the word “handle” is empowering. Girls learn that “by enduring this, I’ll be able to endure more down the line. I’ll build up my capacity to handle unpleasant situations.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Build in Recovery Time\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In strength training, “you can’t just lift weights day after day after day,” said Damour. “In order to get the full benefits from the workout, your muscles need a chance to recover and repair.” The same holds true for the brain. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If teens accept that some level of stress is inevitable, they can spend less time worrying about stress and more time focusing on how they can build in recovery time.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The good news is your mind recovers a lot faster than your muscles do. But you need to restore yourself so you can go right back in for another workout. Your job is to figure out how you like to recover. What’s the system that really works for you?” For some teens, playing sports gives them the reboot they need to focus on academics. Another student might benefit from a watching a 22-minute episode of a sitcom\u003ci>, \u003c/i>playing with a dog, going on a walk or listening to a favorite music playlist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Having conversations with stressed-out teens about this type of downtime redirects the attention away from the stress and toward the recovery. Students can’t always control the stressors in their life, said Damour, but they can have a say over how they choose to restore themselves.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>The Restorative Power of Sleep\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sleep deprivation is one of the simplest explanations for the rise in anxiety-related concerns, Damour said. “Sleep is the glue that holds human beings together.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/2018/11/29/our-brains-benefit-sleep-heres-why-how-parents-can-help-teens-get-plenty-it/?utm_term=.730e8bbb00f6\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">research\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is unambiguous: When we are sleep-deprived, we are less emotionally resilient. According to Damour, the first question many clinicians ask teens who come in for anxiety is, “How much sleep are you getting?” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If they are consistently getting less than seven or eight hours, that’s the first line of intervention. “Teenagers need nine hours a night, middle-schoolers need 10, and elementary students need 11. Caffeine doesn’t make up for that.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When it comes to sleep, she says, small changes can make a big difference, including completing as much homework as they can during the schoolday, making judicious choices about how much time they spend on any given assignment, and monitoring social media use in the evening. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Technology is very hard on sleep,” said Damour. “I’m not anti-social media, but it makes a tremendous difference for teens to not have a phone and computer in the bedroom at night. Teenagers have texts waking them up.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Because of the melatonin-suppressing effects of blue light emitted from smartphone screens and other devices, Damour encourages teens to turn off social media notifications well before going to sleep. But it’s not just the blue light. “Girls will often see something on social media that will keep them up at night -- and if you ask them, they’ll usually admit this.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Growing Up Brave\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to Damour, the most powerful force for good in a teenager’s life is a “caring, working relationship with at least one loving adult.” Within that context, adults can offer teenagers empathy, grounded perspective and a vote of confidence as they work through challenges -- helping them aim for courage, not avoidance.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Brave is a positive word -- it’s something we aspire to be,” said Damour. “Built into the word is the understanding that the person is scared and yet they are doing something anyway. Scared is here to stay. Anxiety is part of life. It’s not our job to vanquish these feelings. It’s our job to develop the resources we need to march forward anyway.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the last decade, rates of anxiety-related disorders in teenagers have \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.johnshopkinshealthreview.com/issues/fall-winter-2017/articles/the-rise-of-teen-depression\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">steadily\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> risen, particularly in \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/138/6/e20161878\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">girls\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Researchers and psychologists posit \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.johnshopkinshealthreview.com/issues/fall-winter-2017/articles/the-rise-of-teen-depression\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">several\u003c/span>\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/our-changing-culture/201708/why-so-many-teens-today-have-become-depressed\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">hypotheses\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> about why these rates are on the rise -- from digital hyperconnectivity to heightened external pressures to simply a greater awareness, and therefore diagnosis, of mental health concerns. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Whatever the causes, Dr. Lisa Damour has hopeful news for parents and teens: first, some degree of stress and anxiety is not only normal but essential for human growth. And if those levels become untenable, there are tested strategies for reining anxiety back in. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Reframing Anxiety\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Damour, a psychologist and author of the new book \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.randomhousebooks.com/books/561788/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\"Under Pressure: Confronting the Epidemic of Stress and Anxiety in Girls,\" \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">has spent decades working with adolescent girls and their families. In recent years, she has noticed a change in how society views stress. “Somehow a misunderstanding has grown up about stress and anxiety where our culture now sees both as pathological,” said Damour. “The upshot of that is that we have adults and young people who are stressed about being stressed and anxious about being anxious.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Anxiety is a normal and healthy function, according to Damour, and much of the anxiety that teenagers express is a sign that they are aware of their surroundings, mindful of their growing responsibilities, and frightened of things that are, in fact, scary. Adults can \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">make a difference simply by “reassuring them that, a great deal of time, stress is just operating as a friend and ally to them.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Change and stress go hand in hand -- even if a change is positive. Teenagers' lives are filled with change: Their bodies and brains are transforming, they usually switch schools at least once between grades 5 and 12, their academic workload is increasing, and social relationships are constantly evolving. The anxiety that comes with stretching to face these and other challenges is part of how humans develop strength, said Damour. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When she talks with teenage girls, she uses the metaphor of exercise: To develop physical strength, you have to slowly push your levels of physical endurance, building up strength through resistance training. Similarly, said Damour, “you should see [a challenge] as an extraordinary weight training program for your mind. You are going to walk out of it tougher and stronger than you have ever been.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Stress, Emotion and the Teenage Brain\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sometimes anxiety and stress reach levels that impede a girl’s ability to navigate life effectively. That said, Damour cautions that an emotional outburst -- in and of itself -- is not a reliable indicator of mental health. “If you are raising a normally developing teenage daughter, she will have meltdowns. And there’s nothing you can do to prevent that,” said Damour.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Of course, when it’s your daughter who is sobbing on the bathroom floor, it’s hard to keep this in perspective. “When it’s your kid, it’s terrifying,” Damour said. “A lot of parents are frightened and paralyzed in that moment. They wonder: Is this a sign that something is really wrong or that my kid is really out of control?” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is where a little neuroscience might be helpful, said Damour. “The adolescent brain is very gawky and vulnerable to emotion.” That gawkiness stems from the extraordinary brain development that happens in adolescence. “The brain is upgrading, but in the same order as it initially developed,” said Damour, from the more primitive regions that house emotions to the more sophisticated regions that regulate perspective and problem-solving.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__mindshiftPodcastShortcode__mindshift\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/mindshiftLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/mindshift/category/mindshiftpodcast\">MindShift\u003c/a> has a podcast! Listen on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, NPR One or your favorite podcast app.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/stories-teachers-share-mindshift/id1078765985\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"https://play.google.com/music/listen?u=0#/ps/I4hhfs3azg3avjzbuowzeal5sze\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Google Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"https://one.npr.org/?sharedMediaId=669511148:669511150\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Stitcher\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Spotify\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The result? “When she’s calm, a teenage girl can outreason any adult. When she’s upset, her primitive regions can hijack the whole system and take it down.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When your daughter is emotionally overwhelmed, give her a little time. Damour said it’s easy to see a meltdown as a fire that’s about to turn into a conflagration. But a storm is a more accurate metaphor. “You can’t stop a storm,” she said. “You have to wait it out. But these storms do pass. The brain will reset itself. Don’t try to stop the storm or fix it in the moment.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Instead, sit with her, go on a walk together, watch a funny show, or offer her a cup of tea, advised Damour. After weathering a few storms successfully, “parents and teenagers get to discover that -- all by itself -- the storm will pass. At that point, either the problem completely evaporates and she moves on, or the girl can now look at the problem with clear eyes, assess it with her prefrontal lobe back online, and figure out what she wants to do.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Responding Instead of Reacting\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teenage girls are particularly sensitive to the cues they receive from parents and teachers – from words to facial expressions. How adults respond to teens’ emotional reactions matters a lot, said Damour. When adults become anxious in response to a teen’s anxiety, it exacerbates the situation. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Helping girls weather stress storms can be “excruciating for parents,” and Damour said she understands the almost primal desire to alleviate the pain, solve the problem for them or remove the stressor -- such as letting them stay home from school if they are anxious about a test. But avoidance feeds anxiety. Girls often feel stressed because they overestimate the difficulty of a situation and \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">underestimate\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> their ability to deal with it, said Damour. When they avoid a situation, they miss the opportunity to correct that perception and recognize their own strength. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Damour has found two words helpful in helping keep teens in the driver’s seat: “stinks” and “handle.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“ ‘That really stinks’ is a very simple phrase that cuts right through it. It says, ‘I hear you and I’m just going to sit here for a moment and acknowledge that what you are up against isn’t that great,’ ” said Damour, “Empathy goes very, very far in helping them contain what is upsetting them.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Often, there is no simple solution to a stressor, so “the next step may simply be acceptance – acceptance of the situation and of their strength to persist through it. It’s the ability to say to yourself, ‘This stinks, but this is something I can handle.’ ” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Damour said the word “handle” is empowering. Girls learn that “by enduring this, I’ll be able to endure more down the line. I’ll build up my capacity to handle unpleasant situations.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Build in Recovery Time\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In strength training, “you can’t just lift weights day after day after day,” said Damour. “In order to get the full benefits from the workout, your muscles need a chance to recover and repair.” The same holds true for the brain. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If teens accept that some level of stress is inevitable, they can spend less time worrying about stress and more time focusing on how they can build in recovery time.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The good news is your mind recovers a lot faster than your muscles do. But you need to restore yourself so you can go right back in for another workout. Your job is to figure out how you like to recover. What’s the system that really works for you?” For some teens, playing sports gives them the reboot they need to focus on academics. Another student might benefit from a watching a 22-minute episode of a sitcom\u003ci>, \u003c/i>playing with a dog, going on a walk or listening to a favorite music playlist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Having conversations with stressed-out teens about this type of downtime redirects the attention away from the stress and toward the recovery. Students can’t always control the stressors in their life, said Damour, but they can have a say over how they choose to restore themselves.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>The Restorative Power of Sleep\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sleep deprivation is one of the simplest explanations for the rise in anxiety-related concerns, Damour said. “Sleep is the glue that holds human beings together.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/2018/11/29/our-brains-benefit-sleep-heres-why-how-parents-can-help-teens-get-plenty-it/?utm_term=.730e8bbb00f6\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">research\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is unambiguous: When we are sleep-deprived, we are less emotionally resilient. According to Damour, the first question many clinicians ask teens who come in for anxiety is, “How much sleep are you getting?” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If they are consistently getting less than seven or eight hours, that’s the first line of intervention. “Teenagers need nine hours a night, middle-schoolers need 10, and elementary students need 11. Caffeine doesn’t make up for that.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When it comes to sleep, she says, small changes can make a big difference, including completing as much homework as they can during the schoolday, making judicious choices about how much time they spend on any given assignment, and monitoring social media use in the evening. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Technology is very hard on sleep,” said Damour. “I’m not anti-social media, but it makes a tremendous difference for teens to not have a phone and computer in the bedroom at night. Teenagers have texts waking them up.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Because of the melatonin-suppressing effects of blue light emitted from smartphone screens and other devices, Damour encourages teens to turn off social media notifications well before going to sleep. But it’s not just the blue light. “Girls will often see something on social media that will keep them up at night -- and if you ask them, they’ll usually admit this.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Growing Up Brave\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to Damour, the most powerful force for good in a teenager’s life is a “caring, working relationship with at least one loving adult.” Within that context, adults can offer teenagers empathy, grounded perspective and a vote of confidence as they work through challenges -- helping them aim for courage, not avoidance.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Brave is a positive word -- it’s something we aspire to be,” said Damour. “Built into the word is the understanding that the person is scared and yet they are doing something anyway. Scared is here to stay. Anxiety is part of life. It’s not our job to vanquish these feelings. It’s our job to develop the resources we need to march forward anyway.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
"airtime": "SUN 9pm-10pm",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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}
},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"id": "here-and-now",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
"subscribe": {
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"
}
},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown",
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