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"content": "\u003cp>Transgender people are not getting adequate health care, and widespread discrimination is largely to blame, according to a recent \u003ca href=\"http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/179517/1/WHO_HIV_2015.17_eng.pdf?ua=1\" target=\"_blank\">World Health Organization report\u003c/a>. And the story is told most starkly in the high rates of HIV among transgender women worldwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://transhealth.ucsf.edu/trans?page=ab-keatley\" target=\"_blank\">JoAnne Keatley\u003c/a>, one of the authors of that study, puts it plainly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just shocking rates,\" she tells NPR's Arun Rath. \"There was a recent meta-analysis demonstrating that a transgender woman was 49 times as likely to be living with HIV [than the general population] in 15 countries in which data was looked at and analyzed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only 15 countries offered available, laboratory-confirmed data on HIV prevalence among transgender people — and no countries from Eastern Europe or Africa had released such information by the time the WHO report was compiled. Yet, in the available data, another number one stood out: Among sex workers, transgender women are nine times likelier to have HIV than their non-transgender counterparts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keatley, who is a transgender woman herself, works with the Center for Excellence for Transgender Health at UC San Francisco. And she explains that, behind the bleak statistics, widespread discrimination lurks at the root of this HIV prevalence.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch3>Interview Highlights\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On the ways that prejudice complicates how these HIV cases are treated\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It complicates things for health officials, but not as much as it complicates things for trans people themselves. Trans people are subjected to horrific rates of violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And we see this repeated all over the world. Transphobia is alive and well in many societies around the globe. And we see it play out in terms of verbal and physical violence, as well as denial of employment or education or familial support, or all kinds of ways in which transgender people are marginalized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On the reasons why trans people are at more risk for HIV\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think a lot of it is stigma-driven. Trans people struggle in order to obtain identity documents that allow them to participate in the workforce. Many trans people are not able to obtain health coverage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of the ways in which we're denied opportunities to participate in a meaningful way in society then lead us to situations where there is additional risk-taking behavior. Often, for example, trans women have to rely on industries such as the sex work industry. And so that comes along with a lot of additional stigma from criminal justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What is driving the epidemic is really the refusal — I would say — of governments to pass legislation that allows them to function in society, and allows them to participate in the workplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>On the prospects for improving HIV rates among transgender people\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a daunting task. I think that it's not all bleak; I think we are making progress. For example, the recent publication of the World Health Organization policy brief, \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/transgender/transgender-hiv-policy/en/\" target=\"_blank\">\"Transgender People and HIV,\"\u003c/a> which really is an attempt at educating health ministries and governments, so that health organizations will have some clarity around who the population is and what makes them distinct from other sexual and gender minorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\n\u003cp>Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Transgender+Women+Face+Inadequate+Health+Care%2C+%27Shocking%27+HIV+Rates&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Complete transcript :\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ARUN RATH, HOST:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Transgender people are not getting adequate health care, and widespread discrimination is largely to blame. That's one of the findings of a recent World Health Organization report detailing alarming rates of HIV in transgender people worldwide. JoAnne Keatley is one of the report's authors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JOANNE KEATLEY: We know that trans women are impacted by HIV and AIDS disproportionately - just shocking rates. There was a recent meta-analysis demonstrating that a transgender woman was 49 times as likely to be living with HIV in 15 countries in which data was looked at and analyzed. And so that data point was really quite shocking for us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RATH: And obviously, transgender individuals face, in a lot of different places, not just prejudice, but violence for who they are. I have to imagine that must complicate things for health officials that are trying to get a handle on HIV cases globally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KEATLEY: It complicates things for health officials, but not as much as it complicates things for trans people themselves. Trans people are subjected to horrific rates of violence. Transphobia is alive and well in many societies around the globe. And we see it play out in terms of physical and verbal violence, as well as denial of employment or education or, you know, familial support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RATH: Can you run through some of the reasons why transgender individuals are at more risk for HIV?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KEATLEY: Well, I think a lot of it is stigma-driven. Trans people struggle in order to obtain identity documents that then allow them to participate in the workforce. Many trans people are not able to obtain health coverage. Often, trans women have to rely on industries such as the sex work industry, and so, you know, that comes along with a lot of additional kind of stigma from criminal justice. What is driving the epidemic is really the refusal, I would say, of governments to pass legislation that allows them to function in society and allows them to participate in the workplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RATH: I don't mean to sound pessimistic, but isn't that a rather tall order? If you need to improve fundamental conditions -- you know, basic rights -- for a group of people kind of across the board before HIV rates improve, that seems pretty difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KEATLEY: Well, you're right. It's a daunting task. I think that it's not all bleak. I think we are making progress. For example, the recent publication of the World Health Organization policy brief \"Transgender People And HIV,\" which really is an attempt at educating health ministries and governments so that health organizations will have some clarity around who the population is and what makes them distinct from other sexual and gender minorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RATH: JoAnne Keatley of the University of California in San Francisco. She's one of the authors of the newly released World Health Organization report on high rates of HIV among transgender people worldwide. JoAnne, thanks very much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KEATLEY: Thank you for having me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a daunting task. I think that it's not all bleak; I think we are making progress. For example, the recent publication of the World Health Organization policy brief, \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/transgender/transgender-hiv-policy/en/\" target=\"_blank\">\"Transgender People and HIV,\"\u003c/a> which really is an attempt at educating health ministries and governments, so that health organizations will have some clarity around who the population is and what makes them distinct from other sexual and gender minorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\n\u003cp>Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Transgender+Women+Face+Inadequate+Health+Care%2C+%27Shocking%27+HIV+Rates&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Complete transcript :\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ARUN RATH, HOST:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Transgender people are not getting adequate health care, and widespread discrimination is largely to blame. That's one of the findings of a recent World Health Organization report detailing alarming rates of HIV in transgender people worldwide. JoAnne Keatley is one of the report's authors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JOANNE KEATLEY: We know that trans women are impacted by HIV and AIDS disproportionately - just shocking rates. There was a recent meta-analysis demonstrating that a transgender woman was 49 times as likely to be living with HIV in 15 countries in which data was looked at and analyzed. And so that data point was really quite shocking for us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RATH: And obviously, transgender individuals face, in a lot of different places, not just prejudice, but violence for who they are. I have to imagine that must complicate things for health officials that are trying to get a handle on HIV cases globally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KEATLEY: It complicates things for health officials, but not as much as it complicates things for trans people themselves. Trans people are subjected to horrific rates of violence. Transphobia is alive and well in many societies around the globe. And we see it play out in terms of physical and verbal violence, as well as denial of employment or education or, you know, familial support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RATH: Can you run through some of the reasons why transgender individuals are at more risk for HIV?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KEATLEY: Well, I think a lot of it is stigma-driven. Trans people struggle in order to obtain identity documents that then allow them to participate in the workforce. Many trans people are not able to obtain health coverage. Often, trans women have to rely on industries such as the sex work industry, and so, you know, that comes along with a lot of additional kind of stigma from criminal justice. What is driving the epidemic is really the refusal, I would say, of governments to pass legislation that allows them to function in society and allows them to participate in the workplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RATH: I don't mean to sound pessimistic, but isn't that a rather tall order? If you need to improve fundamental conditions -- you know, basic rights -- for a group of people kind of across the board before HIV rates improve, that seems pretty difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KEATLEY: Well, you're right. It's a daunting task. I think that it's not all bleak. I think we are making progress. For example, the recent publication of the World Health Organization policy brief \"Transgender People And HIV,\" which really is an attempt at educating health ministries and governments so that health organizations will have some clarity around who the population is and what makes them distinct from other sexual and gender minorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RATH: JoAnne Keatley of the University of California in San Francisco. She's one of the authors of the newly released World Health Organization report on high rates of HIV among transgender people worldwide. JoAnne, thanks very much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KEATLEY: Thank you for having me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The question of declining children's vaccination rates -- and how to improve them -- exploded into the public consciousness early this year when a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/07/nine-measles-cases-tied-to-disneyland-parks/\" target=\"_blank\">measles outbreak\u003c/a>, linked to Disneyland, spread across California and to other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB277\" target=\"_blank\">SB 277\u003c/a>, a bill to abolish the state's vaccine \"personal belief exemption,\" moved through the legislature amid heated and vocal opposition. It was \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/06/29/bill-ending-vaccine-exemptions-passes-california-senate-moves-to-governors-desk/\" target=\"_blank\">signed by the governor\u003c/a> last month. Under the law, all school children must be vaccinated against 10 different diseases. Only those who cannot be vaccinated for medical reasons are exempt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Perspective published in the journal \u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org\" target=\"_blank\">Pediatrics\u003c/a> offers a thoughtful breather on the rancorous debate we've seen in California. In the essay, \u003ca href=\"http://holly.witteman.ca/index.php/about/\" target=\"_blank\">Holly Witteman\u003c/a>, an assistant professor of medicine at Laval University in Quebec, writes in favor of applying a \"shared decision making\" approach with vaccine hesitant parents. This means engaging them with a combination of information and helping people clarify their values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What I like about approaches like shared decision making,\" Witteman told me in an email, \"is that they center the conversation around what matters to patients.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We should at least be talking about these kinds of approaches when we talk about concerns about immunization rates, rather than throwing up our hands as though there is nothing that can be done to help parents overcome vaccine hesitancy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Witteman is not a physician and when friends ask about vaccines, she advises them to talk to their doctor, but she's also an expert in medical decision-making. In the essay she describes conversations with friends and family members where she explains why she has chosen to vaccinate her own children. She talks about the facts around vaccines -- both risks and benefits -- but she also goes beyond facts to her own values:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I explain how I am willing to accept the very small risks of vaccines because I could never live with myself if my children were injured or killed by a vaccine-preventable disease or if they passed along a virus to someone more vulnerable and I had done nothing to prevent such events.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>She points to early research trials which suggest that providing shared decision-making tools helps to\u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16287399\" target=\"_blank\"> increase vaccination rates\u003c/a>. She cites an anecdote from her own experience -- a friend who pointed to the \"respectful factual calm\" reassurance from Witteman that contributed to the family starting vaccines for their child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's such a crazy polarized topic everywhere,\" the friend commented to Witteman on Facebook (and Witteman shares in the Perspective with permission), \"that it's really hard to have a conversation about it without feeling attacked. Thank you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is what I have seen as I have covered the debate around SB 277. Those who fear vaccines were called stupid, anti-scientific or selfish -- which is unlikely to help improve vaccination rates, Witteman suggests. \"It may feel good to rant and rave, but people rarely change their minds because someone called them stupid and wrong.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now it remains to be seen if requiring vaccines to attend school for all but those with a medical exemption will improve vaccination rates. Witteman says she's not opposed to the law, but in an email said she \"wonder(s) if it might backfire by increasing polarization, entrenching views, and driving parents who are vaccine hesitant further toward vaccine refusal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now a former Assemblyman has filed paperwork with the Office of the Attorney General for \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/07/02/california-vaccine-debate-not-quite-over-tim-donnelly-files-referendum-to-overturn-new-law/\" target=\"_blank\">a referendum to overturn SB 277\u003c/a>. Backers of the law's repeal have until late September to gather 365,880 signatures to qualify for the Nov. 2016 ballot. If they are successful, the law will be put on hold until after the election.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The question of declining children's vaccination rates -- and how to improve them -- exploded into the public consciousness early this year when a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/07/nine-measles-cases-tied-to-disneyland-parks/\" target=\"_blank\">measles outbreak\u003c/a>, linked to Disneyland, spread across California and to other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB277\" target=\"_blank\">SB 277\u003c/a>, a bill to abolish the state's vaccine \"personal belief exemption,\" moved through the legislature amid heated and vocal opposition. It was \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/06/29/bill-ending-vaccine-exemptions-passes-california-senate-moves-to-governors-desk/\" target=\"_blank\">signed by the governor\u003c/a> last month. Under the law, all school children must be vaccinated against 10 different diseases. Only those who cannot be vaccinated for medical reasons are exempt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Perspective published in the journal \u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org\" target=\"_blank\">Pediatrics\u003c/a> offers a thoughtful breather on the rancorous debate we've seen in California. In the essay, \u003ca href=\"http://holly.witteman.ca/index.php/about/\" target=\"_blank\">Holly Witteman\u003c/a>, an assistant professor of medicine at Laval University in Quebec, writes in favor of applying a \"shared decision making\" approach with vaccine hesitant parents. This means engaging them with a combination of information and helping people clarify their values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What I like about approaches like shared decision making,\" Witteman told me in an email, \"is that they center the conversation around what matters to patients.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We should at least be talking about these kinds of approaches when we talk about concerns about immunization rates, rather than throwing up our hands as though there is nothing that can be done to help parents overcome vaccine hesitancy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Witteman is not a physician and when friends ask about vaccines, she advises them to talk to their doctor, but she's also an expert in medical decision-making. In the essay she describes conversations with friends and family members where she explains why she has chosen to vaccinate her own children. She talks about the facts around vaccines -- both risks and benefits -- but she also goes beyond facts to her own values:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I explain how I am willing to accept the very small risks of vaccines because I could never live with myself if my children were injured or killed by a vaccine-preventable disease or if they passed along a virus to someone more vulnerable and I had done nothing to prevent such events.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>She points to early research trials which suggest that providing shared decision-making tools helps to\u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16287399\" target=\"_blank\"> increase vaccination rates\u003c/a>. She cites an anecdote from her own experience -- a friend who pointed to the \"respectful factual calm\" reassurance from Witteman that contributed to the family starting vaccines for their child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's such a crazy polarized topic everywhere,\" the friend commented to Witteman on Facebook (and Witteman shares in the Perspective with permission), \"that it's really hard to have a conversation about it without feeling attacked. Thank you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is what I have seen as I have covered the debate around SB 277. Those who fear vaccines were called stupid, anti-scientific or selfish -- which is unlikely to help improve vaccination rates, Witteman suggests. \"It may feel good to rant and rave, but people rarely change their minds because someone called them stupid and wrong.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now it remains to be seen if requiring vaccines to attend school for all but those with a medical exemption will improve vaccination rates. Witteman says she's not opposed to the law, but in an email said she \"wonder(s) if it might backfire by increasing polarization, entrenching views, and driving parents who are vaccine hesitant further toward vaccine refusal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now a former Assemblyman has filed paperwork with the Office of the Attorney General for \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/07/02/california-vaccine-debate-not-quite-over-tim-donnelly-files-referendum-to-overturn-new-law/\" target=\"_blank\">a referendum to overturn SB 277\u003c/a>. Backers of the law's repeal have until late September to gather 365,880 signatures to qualify for the Nov. 2016 ballot. If they are successful, the law will be put on hold until after the election.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>If you fit the public media stereotype, you probably pride yourself on caring about the environment, right? Maybe you’re letting your lawn go brown, or trying to drive less. Some experts say there’s another way you can be environmentally friendly: Stop wasting food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the farm to the fridge, it’s estimated that 40 percent of what could be eaten just isn’t, and that can impact climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out more, I go to the Sacramento Delta, where pear season has just begun. I’m talking to Chuck Baker, a lifelong pear farmer who manages a ranch for \u003ca href=\"http://www.rivermaid.com/\">Rivermaid Trading Co\u003c/a>., and I’m trying to stay out of the way of workers literally running from tree to tree with ladders picking the biggest pears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/215210476″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a lot of wind in the delta,” Baker says. “That’s why we have very good fruit, because of those cool delta breezes at night.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, he says that helpful wind can also cause what’s called limb rub. He points out a fat pear, with small marks on the skin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10605055\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10605055\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/LimbRub-800x523.jpg\" alt='An example of \"limb rub\" on an otherwise perfect pear.' width=\"800\" height=\"523\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/LimbRub-800x523.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/LimbRub-400x261.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/LimbRub-1440x941.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/LimbRub-1400x914.jpg 1400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/LimbRub-1180x771.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/LimbRub-960x627.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/LimbRub.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An example of “limb rub” on an otherwise perfect pear. \u003ccite>(Cynthia E. Wood/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is just from the wind swinging the pear against another pear or limb, and it makes a mark,” he explains. “The industry in the past has set standards very high, where they don’t allow those marks. A lot of that fruit has good value, there’s nothing wrong with it. It’s just a little cosmetically challenged, like all of us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As workers dump loads of pears into bins on a tractor, produce broker Ron Clark laments these standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not just in our food, it’s in our lives,” he says. “We have a lot of images sent to us of thin models, perfect-looking Hollywood faces. But that’s not reality, is it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘There’s nothing wrong with it. It’s just a little cosmetically challenged, like all of us.’\u003ccite>Chuck Baker\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Clark is co-founder of a new startup called \u003ca href=\"http://www.imperfectproduce.com/home.php\">Imperfect Produce\u003c/a>, which is working to change consumers’ perceptions and find homes for “cosmetically challenged” produce. They’re starting with low-cost CSA boxes and a grocery store partnership (more about that at the end of this story). He takes me to a nearby packing shed, where the fruit gets washed and then sorted by lines of women quickly separating imperfect pears from marketable ones, which get hand-wrapped and packaged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10604908\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10604908\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/SortingPears-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Workers sort pears at the Rivermaid Trading Company packing shed in Lodi.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/SortingPears-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/SortingPears-400x266.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/SortingPears-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/SortingPears-1400x932.jpg 1400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/SortingPears-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/SortingPears-960x639.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/SortingPears.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers sort pears at the Rivermaid Trading Company packing shed in Lodi. \u003ccite>(Cynthia E. Wood/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Twenty percent of fresh produce that’s grown for the fresh market never makes it to human consumption,” Clark says. That means it doesn’t make it onto grocery shelves, or in canned products, or even juices. “It either gets plowed back into the field, composted or ends up in landfill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, what’s the big deal about food waste? Jonathan Bloom, author of “\u003ca href=\"http://www.wastedfood.com/\">American Wasteland\u003c/a>,” says, “We’re basically aiding climate change from the food we throw away.” First, there’s water, certainly among the hottest topics in California. “About one-quarter of fresh water usage is embedded in food that is ultimately thrown out,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s oil. “There’s a tremendous amount of oil that goes into producing our food,” Bloom says. The best estimates he’s seen are that 4 percent of all U.S. energy consumption is used to produce food we don’t use — energy for on-farm tractors, transportation and refrigeration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All the wasted food goes to the landfill, and it decomposes without air, creating methane, says Bloom. While there are lots of questions about how to definitively and consistently collect data relating to food waste, Bloom says, “What we do know is that the two largest creators of waste are farms and households.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10605194\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10605194\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Meg-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Meg Burritt, director of wellness and sustainability at Raley's.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Meg-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Meg-400x266.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Meg-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Meg-1400x932.jpg 1400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Meg-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Meg-960x639.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Meg.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Meg Burritt, director of wellness and sustainability at Raley’s. \u003ccite>(Cynthia E. Wood/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Enter Meg Burritt. She’s the director of wellness and sustainability for the grocery store chain \u003ca href=\"http://www.raleys.com/www/\">Raley’s\u003c/a>, which has over 100 stores in Northern California and Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a couple of problems that I think we as grocers haven’t addressed in our history as an institution. One of them is food waste,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another is helping people on a budget access enough nutritious produce. She didn’t know exactly what part Raley’s could play, until last fall when she saw a \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/98441820\">catchy video \u003c/a>produced by French grocer \u003cspan class=\"st\">Intermarché\u003c/span>, in which the store specifically marketed “ugly produce.” The video went viral, and \u003cspan class=\"st\">Intermarché\u003c/span> reported spectacular sales. A similar program started in a huge Canadian chain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m an optimist, so I thought: Well, they’re doing it in France, they’re doing it in Canada, we can definitely do it here in the States,” says Burritt.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Four percent of all U.S. energy consumption is used to produce food we don’t use\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Raley’s has partnered with \u003ca href=\"http://www.imperfectproduce.com/home.php\">Imperfect\u003c/a>, and just last weekend they launched a pilot program in 10 California stores. They targeted neighborhoods where customers may have tighter budgets, or where there aren’t a lot of options for buying produce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I visit a Raley’s in the Gold Country town of Auburn. The display of what they’re calling \u003ca href=\"http://www.raleysseasons.com/newsroom/lightening-the-landfill-load-raleys-launches-real-good-produce-program/\">Real Good produce\u003c/a> is just steps from the door, and it’s piled high with pears and bell peppers. Regular customer Rich Purdom gravitates toward the bright red elongated peppers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10605196\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10605196\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Peppers-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Mike Selepec, produce team leader at Raley's, holds a $2 "perfect" red pepper next to "imperfect" peppers, which sell for $1.19 per pound.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Peppers-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Peppers-400x266.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Peppers-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Peppers-1400x932.jpg 1400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Peppers-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Peppers-960x639.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Peppers.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mike Selepec, produce team leader at Raley’s, holds a $2 “perfect” red pepper next to two “imperfect” peppers, which sell for $1.19 per pound. \u003ccite>(Cynthia E. Wood/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I go by color when I buy vegetables,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I point out that the prices are lower — about 75 cents each, compared with $2 for a regular pepper — because of how they look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Funny-looking? That doesn’t bother me,” he says. “They’re going to get chopped up in fajitas. It all ends up in the same spot, right?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kate Johnson makes a beeline for the pears, which she’s loading into a paper bag. She’s been shopping here 35 years, and read about the Real Good produce program in the newspaper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They mentioned they’re going to use fruit you may not usually buy because it’s a little smaller or a little blemished,” she says, “but we know it’s perfectly all right.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I say that not everyone knows that, she laughs. “Well, they should be a little more informed!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pilot program will last about 90 days, starting with pears, plums and red and green peppers and then moving to other produce. If the Auburn store is any indication, it’s going well so far. It has sold more imperfect produce than expected in the first week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This piece is part of the series \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiafoodways.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Foodways\u003c/a>. Stories in the series about food and climate change are funded by a grant from Invoking the Pause.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If you fit the public media stereotype, you probably pride yourself on caring about the environment, right? Maybe you’re letting your lawn go brown, or trying to drive less. Some experts say there’s another way you can be environmentally friendly: Stop wasting food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the farm to the fridge, it’s estimated that 40 percent of what could be eaten just isn’t, and that can impact climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out more, I go to the Sacramento Delta, where pear season has just begun. I’m talking to Chuck Baker, a lifelong pear farmer who manages a ranch for \u003ca href=\"http://www.rivermaid.com/\">Rivermaid Trading Co\u003c/a>., and I’m trying to stay out of the way of workers literally running from tree to tree with ladders picking the biggest pears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/215210476″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/215210476″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a lot of wind in the delta,” Baker says. “That’s why we have very good fruit, because of those cool delta breezes at night.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, he says that helpful wind can also cause what’s called limb rub. He points out a fat pear, with small marks on the skin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10605055\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10605055\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/LimbRub-800x523.jpg\" alt='An example of \"limb rub\" on an otherwise perfect pear.' width=\"800\" height=\"523\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/LimbRub-800x523.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/LimbRub-400x261.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/LimbRub-1440x941.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/LimbRub-1400x914.jpg 1400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/LimbRub-1180x771.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/LimbRub-960x627.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/LimbRub.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An example of “limb rub” on an otherwise perfect pear. \u003ccite>(Cynthia E. Wood/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is just from the wind swinging the pear against another pear or limb, and it makes a mark,” he explains. “The industry in the past has set standards very high, where they don’t allow those marks. A lot of that fruit has good value, there’s nothing wrong with it. It’s just a little cosmetically challenged, like all of us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As workers dump loads of pears into bins on a tractor, produce broker Ron Clark laments these standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not just in our food, it’s in our lives,” he says. “We have a lot of images sent to us of thin models, perfect-looking Hollywood faces. But that’s not reality, is it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘There’s nothing wrong with it. It’s just a little cosmetically challenged, like all of us.’\u003ccite>Chuck Baker\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Clark is co-founder of a new startup called \u003ca href=\"http://www.imperfectproduce.com/home.php\">Imperfect Produce\u003c/a>, which is working to change consumers’ perceptions and find homes for “cosmetically challenged” produce. They’re starting with low-cost CSA boxes and a grocery store partnership (more about that at the end of this story). He takes me to a nearby packing shed, where the fruit gets washed and then sorted by lines of women quickly separating imperfect pears from marketable ones, which get hand-wrapped and packaged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10604908\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10604908\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/SortingPears-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Workers sort pears at the Rivermaid Trading Company packing shed in Lodi.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/SortingPears-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/SortingPears-400x266.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/SortingPears-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/SortingPears-1400x932.jpg 1400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/SortingPears-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/SortingPears-960x639.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/SortingPears.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers sort pears at the Rivermaid Trading Company packing shed in Lodi. \u003ccite>(Cynthia E. Wood/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Twenty percent of fresh produce that’s grown for the fresh market never makes it to human consumption,” Clark says. That means it doesn’t make it onto grocery shelves, or in canned products, or even juices. “It either gets plowed back into the field, composted or ends up in landfill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, what’s the big deal about food waste? Jonathan Bloom, author of “\u003ca href=\"http://www.wastedfood.com/\">American Wasteland\u003c/a>,” says, “We’re basically aiding climate change from the food we throw away.” First, there’s water, certainly among the hottest topics in California. “About one-quarter of fresh water usage is embedded in food that is ultimately thrown out,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s oil. “There’s a tremendous amount of oil that goes into producing our food,” Bloom says. The best estimates he’s seen are that 4 percent of all U.S. energy consumption is used to produce food we don’t use — energy for on-farm tractors, transportation and refrigeration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All the wasted food goes to the landfill, and it decomposes without air, creating methane, says Bloom. While there are lots of questions about how to definitively and consistently collect data relating to food waste, Bloom says, “What we do know is that the two largest creators of waste are farms and households.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10605194\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10605194\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Meg-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Meg Burritt, director of wellness and sustainability at Raley's.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Meg-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Meg-400x266.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Meg-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Meg-1400x932.jpg 1400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Meg-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Meg-960x639.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Meg.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Meg Burritt, director of wellness and sustainability at Raley’s. \u003ccite>(Cynthia E. Wood/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Enter Meg Burritt. She’s the director of wellness and sustainability for the grocery store chain \u003ca href=\"http://www.raleys.com/www/\">Raley’s\u003c/a>, which has over 100 stores in Northern California and Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a couple of problems that I think we as grocers haven’t addressed in our history as an institution. One of them is food waste,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another is helping people on a budget access enough nutritious produce. She didn’t know exactly what part Raley’s could play, until last fall when she saw a \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/98441820\">catchy video \u003c/a>produced by French grocer \u003cspan class=\"st\">Intermarché\u003c/span>, in which the store specifically marketed “ugly produce.” The video went viral, and \u003cspan class=\"st\">Intermarché\u003c/span> reported spectacular sales. A similar program started in a huge Canadian chain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m an optimist, so I thought: Well, they’re doing it in France, they’re doing it in Canada, we can definitely do it here in the States,” says Burritt.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Four percent of all U.S. energy consumption is used to produce food we don’t use\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Raley’s has partnered with \u003ca href=\"http://www.imperfectproduce.com/home.php\">Imperfect\u003c/a>, and just last weekend they launched a pilot program in 10 California stores. They targeted neighborhoods where customers may have tighter budgets, or where there aren’t a lot of options for buying produce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I visit a Raley’s in the Gold Country town of Auburn. The display of what they’re calling \u003ca href=\"http://www.raleysseasons.com/newsroom/lightening-the-landfill-load-raleys-launches-real-good-produce-program/\">Real Good produce\u003c/a> is just steps from the door, and it’s piled high with pears and bell peppers. Regular customer Rich Purdom gravitates toward the bright red elongated peppers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10605196\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10605196\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Peppers-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Mike Selepec, produce team leader at Raley's, holds a $2 "perfect" red pepper next to "imperfect" peppers, which sell for $1.19 per pound.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Peppers-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Peppers-400x266.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Peppers-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Peppers-1400x932.jpg 1400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Peppers-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Peppers-960x639.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/Peppers.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mike Selepec, produce team leader at Raley’s, holds a $2 “perfect” red pepper next to two “imperfect” peppers, which sell for $1.19 per pound. \u003ccite>(Cynthia E. Wood/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I go by color when I buy vegetables,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I point out that the prices are lower — about 75 cents each, compared with $2 for a regular pepper — because of how they look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Funny-looking? That doesn’t bother me,” he says. “They’re going to get chopped up in fajitas. It all ends up in the same spot, right?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kate Johnson makes a beeline for the pears, which she’s loading into a paper bag. She’s been shopping here 35 years, and read about the Real Good produce program in the newspaper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They mentioned they’re going to use fruit you may not usually buy because it’s a little smaller or a little blemished,” she says, “but we know it’s perfectly all right.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I say that not everyone knows that, she laughs. “Well, they should be a little more informed!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pilot program will last about 90 days, starting with pears, plums and red and green peppers and then moving to other produce. If the Auburn store is any indication, it’s going well so far. It has sold more imperfect produce than expected in the first week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This piece is part of the series \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiafoodways.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Foodways\u003c/a>. Stories in the series about food and climate change are funded by a grant from Invoking the Pause.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "That $34 Million Gift to Oakland Includes Millions for School Health Centers, Early Ed",
"title": "That $34 Million Gift to Oakland Includes Millions for School Health Centers, Early Ed",
"headTitle": "State of Health | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>An anonymous donor seeking to improve Oakland is investing in education. Nearly a quarter of the donor’s \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"http://sff.org/the-san-francisco-foundation-makes-34-million-investment-in-oakland/\" target=\"_blank\">$34 million gift\u003c/a> made this week to city organizations is targeted to school health centers, discipline reform in schools, and early education teacher training and materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The donor reportedly cold-called the San Francisco Foundation earlier this year to float the idea of the gift and to ask Fred Blackwell, chief executive of the philanthropic foundation, to help disperse the funds. The focus of the grants is on “scaling proven solutions” to academic and economic obstacles faced by Oakland residents, according to a \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"http://sff.org/the-san-francisco-foundation-makes-34-million-investment-in-oakland/\" target=\"_blank\">news release\u003c/a> from the foundation, which donates grant money to nonprofits throughout the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The upshot is an $8 million gift to Oakland schools for what the foundation described as “a preK-12 system of support.” The donor requested that the money be put to work this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a chance to have a very direct, immediate and positive impact on Oakland schools and families starting this school year and continuing for quite some time,” said Troy Flint, spokesman for the Oakland Unified School District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California School-Based Health Alliance, a statewide organization, received \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.schoolhealthcenters.org/news/oakland-trauma-project/\" target=\"_blank\">$2 million\u003c/a> to support trauma-informed care in \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.schoolhealthcenters.org/news/oakland-trauma-project/\" target=\"_blank\">15 school-based health centers\u003c/a> in Oakland, including centers at Oakland Technical High School, Elmhurst/Alliance Middle School and Castlemont High School.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The work will include schoolwide screenings, support groups and support for teachers to help students cope with the effects of severe trauma, according to the Alliance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland Public Education Fund, the district’s fundraising and grant management arm, received $6 million to fund early childhood education teacher training, \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"http://www.ousd.org/restorativejustice\" target=\"_blank\">restorative justice\u003c/a> programs, the expansion of the African American Student Achievement program, and community school coordinators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the San Francisco Foundation and Oakland Unified, the funding means that:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>15 middle and high schools will gain new clinic staff and programs dedicated to addressing the impact of trauma;\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Eight schools will launch restorative justice programs to reduce suspensions and expulsions;\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>14 schools will have a full-service \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"http://www.communityschools.org/aboutschools/what_is_a_community_school.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">community schools\u003c/a> coordinator;\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>An African American Female Achievement program will be created to complement the existing \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"http://www.ousd.org/domain/78\" target=\"_blank\">African American Male Achievement\u003c/a> program, which works to improve academic performance and graduation rates of African American boys, and\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>All early childhood classrooms will receive teacher training, new curriculum and literacy materials\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Oakland schools also will benefit indirectly from the donor’s new grants to nonprofit organizations that serve youth, Flint said. Those grants include $1.3 million to the \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"http://www.destinyarts.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Destiny Arts Center\u003c/a>, $1 million to the \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"http://eoydc.org/\" target=\"_blank\">East Oakland Youth Development Center\u003c/a> and $2.5 million to \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"http://www.youthuprising.org/home/\" target=\"_blank\">Youth Uprising\u003c/a>, a community center for health services, arts programs and education support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca class=\"author\" href=\"http://edsource.org/author/jadams\">Jane Meredith Adams\u003c/a> covers student health and well-being for \u003ca href=\"http://edsource.org\" target=\"_blank\">EdSource\u003c/a>. \u003ca class=\"author\" href=\"mailto:jadams@edsource.org\">Email\u003c/a> her or \u003ca class=\"author external\" href=\"https://twitter.com/janeadams\" target=\"_blank\">Follow\u003c/a> her on Twitter.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "15 school-based health centers in Oakland will be hiring additional staff, as part of the grant. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>An anonymous donor seeking to improve Oakland is investing in education. Nearly a quarter of the donor’s \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"http://sff.org/the-san-francisco-foundation-makes-34-million-investment-in-oakland/\" target=\"_blank\">$34 million gift\u003c/a> made this week to city organizations is targeted to school health centers, discipline reform in schools, and early education teacher training and materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The donor reportedly cold-called the San Francisco Foundation earlier this year to float the idea of the gift and to ask Fred Blackwell, chief executive of the philanthropic foundation, to help disperse the funds. The focus of the grants is on “scaling proven solutions” to academic and economic obstacles faced by Oakland residents, according to a \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"http://sff.org/the-san-francisco-foundation-makes-34-million-investment-in-oakland/\" target=\"_blank\">news release\u003c/a> from the foundation, which donates grant money to nonprofits throughout the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The upshot is an $8 million gift to Oakland schools for what the foundation described as “a preK-12 system of support.” The donor requested that the money be put to work this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a chance to have a very direct, immediate and positive impact on Oakland schools and families starting this school year and continuing for quite some time,” said Troy Flint, spokesman for the Oakland Unified School District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California School-Based Health Alliance, a statewide organization, received \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.schoolhealthcenters.org/news/oakland-trauma-project/\" target=\"_blank\">$2 million\u003c/a> to support trauma-informed care in \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.schoolhealthcenters.org/news/oakland-trauma-project/\" target=\"_blank\">15 school-based health centers\u003c/a> in Oakland, including centers at Oakland Technical High School, Elmhurst/Alliance Middle School and Castlemont High School.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The work will include schoolwide screenings, support groups and support for teachers to help students cope with the effects of severe trauma, according to the Alliance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland Public Education Fund, the district’s fundraising and grant management arm, received $6 million to fund early childhood education teacher training, \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"http://www.ousd.org/restorativejustice\" target=\"_blank\">restorative justice\u003c/a> programs, the expansion of the African American Student Achievement program, and community school coordinators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the San Francisco Foundation and Oakland Unified, the funding means that:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>15 middle and high schools will gain new clinic staff and programs dedicated to addressing the impact of trauma;\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Eight schools will launch restorative justice programs to reduce suspensions and expulsions;\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>14 schools will have a full-service \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"http://www.communityschools.org/aboutschools/what_is_a_community_school.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">community schools\u003c/a> coordinator;\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>An African American Female Achievement program will be created to complement the existing \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"http://www.ousd.org/domain/78\" target=\"_blank\">African American Male Achievement\u003c/a> program, which works to improve academic performance and graduation rates of African American boys, and\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>All early childhood classrooms will receive teacher training, new curriculum and literacy materials\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Oakland schools also will benefit indirectly from the donor’s new grants to nonprofit organizations that serve youth, Flint said. Those grants include $1.3 million to the \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"http://www.destinyarts.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Destiny Arts Center\u003c/a>, $1 million to the \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"http://eoydc.org/\" target=\"_blank\">East Oakland Youth Development Center\u003c/a> and $2.5 million to \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"http://www.youthuprising.org/home/\" target=\"_blank\">Youth Uprising\u003c/a>, a community center for health services, arts programs and education support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca class=\"author\" href=\"http://edsource.org/author/jadams\">Jane Meredith Adams\u003c/a> covers student health and well-being for \u003ca href=\"http://edsource.org\" target=\"_blank\">EdSource\u003c/a>. \u003ca class=\"author\" href=\"mailto:jadams@edsource.org\">Email\u003c/a> her or \u003ca class=\"author external\" href=\"https://twitter.com/janeadams\" target=\"_blank\">Follow\u003c/a> her on Twitter.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>WASHINGTON — Christine McCormack quit her job as a restaurant manager two years ago to care for her 88-year-old mother-in-law. While it doesn’t make up for all of her lost income, she’s getting some financial help through an innovative program that allows many of California’s low-income senior citizens and disabled residents to remain in their home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCormack gets paid $11 an hour through the In-Home Supportive Services Program, which pays family members and other caregivers to help about 467,000 enrollees with such things as housecleaning, bathing, grocery shopping and laundry so they can stay at home rather than move to a nursing home or other care facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.longtermcarepoll.org/Pages/Default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A poll \u003c/a>by the Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research shows that less than one-third of Californians age 40 and over have heard of the program, which dates back to the 1950s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Participants in the program are eligible for Medi-Cal, the state’s Medicaid program. They generally have a monthly income of $877 or below and no more than $2,000 in assets. The program’s elderly and disabled participants hire the person who provides their care, and caregivers can be family members or friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those living in poorer California households do seem more aware of the program than others. Forty-two percent of those with household incomes under $50,000 a year say they have heard of the program compared with 22 percent of those with household incomes of more than $50,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even today, after serving as a caregiver for a sister and now her mother-in-law, McCormack doesn’t think much about planning for her future long-term care needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We live day-to-day with our paychecks,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocacy groups say they’re not surprised that so few people are aware of the program, even though they consider it a national model.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most people don’t know anything about long-term care until it is in their face,” said Deborah Doctor, a legislative advocate for Disability Rights California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Weston, a spokesman at the California Department of Social Services, said the program’s income requirements mean that most Californians will never come in contact with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He noted that enrollment has grown by nearly 40 percent over the past 12 years, showing that counties and advocacy groups are helping get the word out to those who could benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, advocacy groups have voiced some concerns about the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/07/plenty-of-responsibility-but-no-required-training-for-in-home-caregivers/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lack of training requirements\u003c/a> in the program. And caregivers have sought overtime pay, only to be denied after Labor Department regulations requiring overtime and minimum wage protection for home health care workers were overturned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A clear majority of older Californians support requiring caregivers to undergo formal training. But they are divided on the impact of paying the workers overtime. While a large majority believes overtime pay is at least somewhat likely to lead more qualified people to enter the field and improve working conditions, many also see a troubling tradeoff: Participants might not get the care they need because the state may limit the hours caregivers work to rein in costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caregivers participating in the program take an orientation class and must pass a criminal background check. Dr. Bruce Chernof, president and CEO of the SCAN Foundation, a charity devoted to encouraging independence for senior citizens, said developing training programs is difficult because participants have such a wide array of health conditions, from Alzheimer’s to strokes, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There isn’t just a standard set of skills, you plug them into everybody, and they’re good to go,” said Chernof, whose foundation paid for the poll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCormack, 54, of Woodland, Calif., said she has taken voluntary classes such as CPR and is willing to take more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctor said the disabilities rights group favors voluntary but not mandatory training, and also favors overtime for caregivers. “The work is respectable work,” she said. “It deserves the same degree of respect as other work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the new poll, Hispanics showed the most support for a training requirement at 83 percent, while 80 percent of blacks and 58 percent of whites supported training requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AP-NORC Center survey was conducted by telephone April 7 to May 15 among a random national sample of 1,735 adults age 40 or older, including 460 California residents age 40 and older, with funding from the SCAN Foundation. Results for the full survey have a margin of sampling error of plus or minus 3.2 percentage points, and results in California have a margin of sampling error of plus or minus 5.4 percentage point.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>WASHINGTON — Christine McCormack quit her job as a restaurant manager two years ago to care for her 88-year-old mother-in-law. While it doesn’t make up for all of her lost income, she’s getting some financial help through an innovative program that allows many of California’s low-income senior citizens and disabled residents to remain in their home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCormack gets paid $11 an hour through the In-Home Supportive Services Program, which pays family members and other caregivers to help about 467,000 enrollees with such things as housecleaning, bathing, grocery shopping and laundry so they can stay at home rather than move to a nursing home or other care facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.longtermcarepoll.org/Pages/Default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A poll \u003c/a>by the Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research shows that less than one-third of Californians age 40 and over have heard of the program, which dates back to the 1950s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Participants in the program are eligible for Medi-Cal, the state’s Medicaid program. They generally have a monthly income of $877 or below and no more than $2,000 in assets. The program’s elderly and disabled participants hire the person who provides their care, and caregivers can be family members or friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those living in poorer California households do seem more aware of the program than others. Forty-two percent of those with household incomes under $50,000 a year say they have heard of the program compared with 22 percent of those with household incomes of more than $50,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even today, after serving as a caregiver for a sister and now her mother-in-law, McCormack doesn’t think much about planning for her future long-term care needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We live day-to-day with our paychecks,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocacy groups say they’re not surprised that so few people are aware of the program, even though they consider it a national model.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most people don’t know anything about long-term care until it is in their face,” said Deborah Doctor, a legislative advocate for Disability Rights California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Weston, a spokesman at the California Department of Social Services, said the program’s income requirements mean that most Californians will never come in contact with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He noted that enrollment has grown by nearly 40 percent over the past 12 years, showing that counties and advocacy groups are helping get the word out to those who could benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, advocacy groups have voiced some concerns about the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/07/plenty-of-responsibility-but-no-required-training-for-in-home-caregivers/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lack of training requirements\u003c/a> in the program. And caregivers have sought overtime pay, only to be denied after Labor Department regulations requiring overtime and minimum wage protection for home health care workers were overturned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A clear majority of older Californians support requiring caregivers to undergo formal training. But they are divided on the impact of paying the workers overtime. While a large majority believes overtime pay is at least somewhat likely to lead more qualified people to enter the field and improve working conditions, many also see a troubling tradeoff: Participants might not get the care they need because the state may limit the hours caregivers work to rein in costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caregivers participating in the program take an orientation class and must pass a criminal background check. Dr. Bruce Chernof, president and CEO of the SCAN Foundation, a charity devoted to encouraging independence for senior citizens, said developing training programs is difficult because participants have such a wide array of health conditions, from Alzheimer’s to strokes, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There isn’t just a standard set of skills, you plug them into everybody, and they’re good to go,” said Chernof, whose foundation paid for the poll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCormack, 54, of Woodland, Calif., said she has taken voluntary classes such as CPR and is willing to take more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctor said the disabilities rights group favors voluntary but not mandatory training, and also favors overtime for caregivers. “The work is respectable work,” she said. “It deserves the same degree of respect as other work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the new poll, Hispanics showed the most support for a training requirement at 83 percent, while 80 percent of blacks and 58 percent of whites supported training requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AP-NORC Center survey was conducted by telephone April 7 to May 15 among a random national sample of 1,735 adults age 40 or older, including 460 California residents age 40 and older, with funding from the SCAN Foundation. Results for the full survey have a margin of sampling error of plus or minus 3.2 percentage points, and results in California have a margin of sampling error of plus or minus 5.4 percentage point.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Consumer Reports,\u003c/em> the granddaddy of advice-givers on what to buy, won't recommend laundry pods containing liquid detergent anymore. The risks to small kids are just too high, the magazine says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its latest tests, eight different single-use packets were rated very good at cleaning. That wasn't a strong enough showing to put any of them among the top three laundry detergents, which got the magazine's recommended check mark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the real problem is safety. Despite some changes in packaging and a heightened awareness of the risks to kids, the number of health incidents involving the pods continues to climb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through June, 6,046 incidents involving pods and kids younger than 6 \u003ca href=\"http://www.aapcc.org/alerts/laundry-detergent-packets/\" target=\"_blank\">have been reported\u003c/a> to the American Association of Poison Control Centers. The exposures, as the AAPCC calls them, include ingestion, inhalation and contact with eyes and skin. Health problems after exposure include wheezing, gasping, extreme sleepiness, vomiting and corneal abrasions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the incidents continue to be reported at the current pace, they'll exceed the 11,714 that were registered by the poison control centers in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Procter & Gamble, maker of Tide pods, said:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"We take every incident of accidental exposure seriously and believe these accidents are preventable. Less than 1% of the calls to Poison Control centers were related to laundry pacs, and the vast majority of these calls to Poison Control centers resulted in minor or no medical treatment. Today, we are seeing encouraging signs that the rate of accidents relative to the number of P&G laundry pacs sold is declining at a rate of 28 percent.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Still, \u003ca href=\"http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/magazine/2015/07/the-problem-with-laundry-detergent-pods/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\">the article\u003c/a> in the September issue of Consumer Reports, notes a \"continued danger\" so is not including pods in its list of recommended products. \"And we strongly urge households where children younger than 6 are ever present to skip them altogether.\" The magazine says its \"new position doesn't apply to laundry (or dishwasher) pods that contain powder, because injuries associated with them are less frequent and less severe.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poison control centers say households with children take precautions with the pods. \"Our official stance from a poison prevention and education standpoint is that single-use laundry packets should be kept up, away and out of sight of children,\" Krista Osterthaler, national director of outreach for AAPCC, tells Shots. The poison control centers would also like to see packaging improvements to make the products more child-resistant and additional labeling to tell consumers about the dangers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We would also support efforts in reformulation to make them less toxic,\" she says. \"We just don't know what that looks like.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=%27Consumer+Reports%27+Says+Laundry+Pods+Are+Too+Risky+To+Recommend+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Consumer Reports,\u003c/em> the granddaddy of advice-givers on what to buy, won't recommend laundry pods containing liquid detergent anymore. The risks to small kids are just too high, the magazine says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its latest tests, eight different single-use packets were rated very good at cleaning. That wasn't a strong enough showing to put any of them among the top three laundry detergents, which got the magazine's recommended check mark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the real problem is safety. Despite some changes in packaging and a heightened awareness of the risks to kids, the number of health incidents involving the pods continues to climb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through June, 6,046 incidents involving pods and kids younger than 6 \u003ca href=\"http://www.aapcc.org/alerts/laundry-detergent-packets/\" target=\"_blank\">have been reported\u003c/a> to the American Association of Poison Control Centers. The exposures, as the AAPCC calls them, include ingestion, inhalation and contact with eyes and skin. Health problems after exposure include wheezing, gasping, extreme sleepiness, vomiting and corneal abrasions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the incidents continue to be reported at the current pace, they'll exceed the 11,714 that were registered by the poison control centers in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Procter & Gamble, maker of Tide pods, said:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"We take every incident of accidental exposure seriously and believe these accidents are preventable. Less than 1% of the calls to Poison Control centers were related to laundry pacs, and the vast majority of these calls to Poison Control centers resulted in minor or no medical treatment. Today, we are seeing encouraging signs that the rate of accidents relative to the number of P&G laundry pacs sold is declining at a rate of 28 percent.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Still, \u003ca href=\"http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/magazine/2015/07/the-problem-with-laundry-detergent-pods/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\">the article\u003c/a> in the September issue of Consumer Reports, notes a \"continued danger\" so is not including pods in its list of recommended products. \"And we strongly urge households where children younger than 6 are ever present to skip them altogether.\" The magazine says its \"new position doesn't apply to laundry (or dishwasher) pods that contain powder, because injuries associated with them are less frequent and less severe.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poison control centers say households with children take precautions with the pods. \"Our official stance from a poison prevention and education standpoint is that single-use laundry packets should be kept up, away and out of sight of children,\" Krista Osterthaler, national director of outreach for AAPCC, tells Shots. The poison control centers would also like to see packaging improvements to make the products more child-resistant and additional labeling to tell consumers about the dangers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We would also support efforts in reformulation to make them less toxic,\" she says. \"We just don't know what that looks like.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=%27Consumer+Reports%27+Says+Laundry+Pods+Are+Too+Risky+To+Recommend+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Doctors advise against douching -- the cleaning of the inside of the vagina -- because it can lead to bacterial infection, pelvic inflammatory disease and problems during pregnancy. While the practice is on the decline,\u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/d.htm#douching\" target=\"_blank\"> nearly one in five women\u003c/a> ages 15-44 still does it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now \u003ca href=\"http://www.ehjournal.net/content/14/1/57\" target=\"_blank\">a study\u003c/a> published this week identifies another harm: higher exposure to phthalates, a class of chemicals that are suspected to be \u003ca href=\"http://toxtown.nlm.nih.gov/text_version/chemicals.php?id=65\" target=\"_blank\">hormone disruptors.\u003c/a> And African-American women appear to be at increased risk because of their more frequent use of these products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It appears to be the first time scientists have looked at personal care products and phthalate exposure, and study authors were surprised by the magnitude of the relationship between exposure and levels of chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were surprised it was as important as it was,\" said co-author Tracey Woodruff, an OB/GYN professor at UCSF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the study, Woodruff and her colleagues looked at 759 women, ages 20-49, who had participated in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/about_nhanes.htm\" target=\"_blank\">national health survey \u003c/a>from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and had said they used a range of feminine hygiene products. The women also provided urine samples. Researchers tested those samples for metabolites of phthalates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women who reported douching in the last month had 52 percent higher concentrations of the metabolite diethyl phthalate (DEP) in their urine, compared with women who had never used the product. Women who used the products two or more times a month had 152 percent higher concentration of DEP than non-users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, senior author Ami Zota, an assistant professor at the George Washington University School of Public Health, said, \"These findings raise questions about the health and safety of vaginal douches and other fragranced products used in and around the vaginal area.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the study, 37 percent of African-American women reported douching in the last month, compared with 14 percent of white women and 10 percent of Mexican-American women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woodruff framed the higher use of of the product by African-American women as a social justice issue, saying that advertising is targeted to them and that \"certain groups of women feel they might need to conform to certain beauty standards and practices within the population.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is not uncommon for many types of beauty products,\" she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the National Institutes of Health, (NIH) phthalates are a \u003ca href=\"http://toxtown.nlm.nih.gov/text_version/chemicals.php?id=24\" target=\"_blank\">group of chemicals\u003c/a> \"used to soften and increase the flexibility of plastic and vinyl.\" But they are also used as fragrance in beauty products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woodruff noted that \"phthalate\" generally does not appear on product labels. Instead, it merely says \"fragrance.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If women are using douche products, and they're scented, there's potentially a high likelihood\" that they contain phthalates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers reviewed many feminine care products, including tampons, sanitary napkins, feminine spray, feminine powder and feminine wipes/towelettes, but did not find an association with phthalate exposure with these other products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woodruff said the study did not look at health effects. Indeed, the health effects are \"not yet fully known,\" \u003ca href=\"http://toxtown.nlm.nih.gov/text_version/chemicals.php?id=24\" target=\"_blank\">says the NIH\u003c/a>, although they are under investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pregnant women are being recruited for \u003ca href=\"http://prhe.ucsf.edu/prhe/maternalfetalexposure.html\" target=\"_blank\">new studies\u003c/a> at UCSF, Woodruff said. One of the areas of investigation is to \"measure phthalate exposure and look for adverse health effects.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Doctors advise against douching -- the cleaning of the inside of the vagina -- because it can lead to bacterial infection, pelvic inflammatory disease and problems during pregnancy. While the practice is on the decline,\u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg/key_statistics/d.htm#douching\" target=\"_blank\"> nearly one in five women\u003c/a> ages 15-44 still does it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now \u003ca href=\"http://www.ehjournal.net/content/14/1/57\" target=\"_blank\">a study\u003c/a> published this week identifies another harm: higher exposure to phthalates, a class of chemicals that are suspected to be \u003ca href=\"http://toxtown.nlm.nih.gov/text_version/chemicals.php?id=65\" target=\"_blank\">hormone disruptors.\u003c/a> And African-American women appear to be at increased risk because of their more frequent use of these products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It appears to be the first time scientists have looked at personal care products and phthalate exposure, and study authors were surprised by the magnitude of the relationship between exposure and levels of chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were surprised it was as important as it was,\" said co-author Tracey Woodruff, an OB/GYN professor at UCSF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the study, Woodruff and her colleagues looked at 759 women, ages 20-49, who had participated in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/about_nhanes.htm\" target=\"_blank\">national health survey \u003c/a>from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and had said they used a range of feminine hygiene products. The women also provided urine samples. Researchers tested those samples for metabolites of phthalates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women who reported douching in the last month had 52 percent higher concentrations of the metabolite diethyl phthalate (DEP) in their urine, compared with women who had never used the product. Women who used the products two or more times a month had 152 percent higher concentration of DEP than non-users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, senior author Ami Zota, an assistant professor at the George Washington University School of Public Health, said, \"These findings raise questions about the health and safety of vaginal douches and other fragranced products used in and around the vaginal area.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the study, 37 percent of African-American women reported douching in the last month, compared with 14 percent of white women and 10 percent of Mexican-American women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woodruff framed the higher use of of the product by African-American women as a social justice issue, saying that advertising is targeted to them and that \"certain groups of women feel they might need to conform to certain beauty standards and practices within the population.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is not uncommon for many types of beauty products,\" she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the National Institutes of Health, (NIH) phthalates are a \u003ca href=\"http://toxtown.nlm.nih.gov/text_version/chemicals.php?id=24\" target=\"_blank\">group of chemicals\u003c/a> \"used to soften and increase the flexibility of plastic and vinyl.\" But they are also used as fragrance in beauty products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woodruff noted that \"phthalate\" generally does not appear on product labels. Instead, it merely says \"fragrance.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If women are using douche products, and they're scented, there's potentially a high likelihood\" that they contain phthalates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers reviewed many feminine care products, including tampons, sanitary napkins, feminine spray, feminine powder and feminine wipes/towelettes, but did not find an association with phthalate exposure with these other products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Woodruff said the study did not look at health effects. Indeed, the health effects are \"not yet fully known,\" \u003ca href=\"http://toxtown.nlm.nih.gov/text_version/chemicals.php?id=24\" target=\"_blank\">says the NIH\u003c/a>, although they are under investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pregnant women are being recruited for \u003ca href=\"http://prhe.ucsf.edu/prhe/maternalfetalexposure.html\" target=\"_blank\">new studies\u003c/a> at UCSF, Woodruff said. One of the areas of investigation is to \"measure phthalate exposure and look for adverse health effects.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Should More Women Give Birth Outside The Hospital?",
"title": "Should More Women Give Birth Outside The Hospital?",
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"content": "\u003cp>A recent recommendation from doctors in the United Kingdom raised eyebrows in the United States: The British National Health Service says healthy women with straightforward pregnancies are better off \u003ca href=\"https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg190\" target=\"_blank\">staying out of the hospital\u003c/a> to deliver their babies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's heresy, obstetrician Dr. Neel Shah first thought. In the United States, 99 percent of babies are born in hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's really only one way of having a baby in the U.S.,\" says Shah, who works at Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital. Here, he says, delivering at home or at independent birthing centers is still not considered mainstream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shah was asked by the \u003cem>New England Journal of Medicine\u003c/em> to respond to the British recommendation. He compared birth outcomes here in the U.S. and Britain, especially the cesarean rates, which average 33 percent in the U.S. compared with 26 percent in the U.K. And he started to think the British were on to something.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're taking excellent care of high-risk women,\" he says, \"and leaving low-risk, normal women behind. We're the only country on Earth with a rising maternal mortality rate.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are lots of reasons for the rise — increased obesity, a lack of consistent prenatal care, older women having babies. Shah also blames hospital infections, and the rise in emergency and elective C-section deliveries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rather than rebut the British, Shah argues in his \u003cem>New England Journal \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp1501461\" target=\"_blank\">editorial\u003c/a> that the practice of giving birth outside a hospital with a midwife can be safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Choose the right patients,\" he says. \"And you need to be able to link those birth centers to hospitals, like mine, that have blood banks and three operating suites and everything else.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists has been \u003ca href=\"http://www.acog.org/-/media/Statements-of-Policy/Public/sop1102.pdf?dmc=1&ts=20150701T1131257297\" target=\"_blank\">supportive\u003c/a> of midwife-led births. But it draws the line at home birth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't recommend home birth, and as an organization ACOG suggests that a hospital or birth center is the safest option,\" says Dr. Jeffrey Ecker, an obstetrician at Massachusetts General Hospital and chairman of ACOG's committee on obstetrics practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women and babies are in real danger, Ecker says, if something goes wrong during a home birth. Compared with births planned for delivery in a hospital or birthing center, planned home births have a significantly higher rate of infant mortality in the U.S., \u003ca href=\"http://www.acog.org/Resources-And-Publications/Committee-Opinions/Committee-on-Obstetric-Practice/Planned-Home-Birth\" target=\"_blank\">studies show\u003c/a>, though the absolute risk of the baby dying is relatively low in both cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, Ecker says, the British and American health systems are simply too different for the British recommendation to make sense for the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The system that supports home birth in the U.K. is much different than the system that currently exists in the U.S.,\" Ecker says. \"In fact, I would argue that there is no system in the U.S.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.K. has universal health care, and British women are generally referred to a midwife as soon as they know they're pregnant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the percentage of American women who choose a midwife-led birth is still only about 9 percent, the total is on the rise, recent statistics suggest. Most midwives work in hospitals or birthing centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yinka Sokunbi worked as a midwife in London until her husband's work transferred her to Dallas last year. She was stunned at the different attitudes toward childbirth in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of people do not know what midwives do,\" she says. \"They have this vision of old ladies with potions and herbs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From her training and practice, Sokunbi says, she can handle a host of common childbirth scenarios.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am suitably trained to recognize when things aren't going as they should be going and what to do about it,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bag Sokunbi takes to a home birth has no potions, but does have: a fetal Doppler device for monitoring the baby's heartbeat; certain medications; and oxygen for reviving a blue baby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And at the first sign a delivery could be running into trouble, she sends her laboring patient to the nearest hospital, she says. That handoff to an obstetrician is one of the major differences between the U.S. and the U.K. It's very smooth in the United Kingdom, where doctors and midwives have a close partnership, Sokunbi says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the States, the way I see it so far, it seems there are midwives on one side and obstetricians on the other — and there's this opposition,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shah warns against \"thinking of midwifery as a silver bullet\" aimed at fixing problems with childbirth in the United States. Rather, he hopes that obstetricians and midwives can work together, as they do in in the U.K., to give many women a cheaper, safer and more pleasant experience of labor and delivery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Should+More+Women+Give+Birth+Outside+The+Hospital%3F+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A recent recommendation from doctors in the United Kingdom raised eyebrows in the United States: The British National Health Service says healthy women with straightforward pregnancies are better off \u003ca href=\"https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg190\" target=\"_blank\">staying out of the hospital\u003c/a> to deliver their babies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's heresy, obstetrician Dr. Neel Shah first thought. In the United States, 99 percent of babies are born in hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's really only one way of having a baby in the U.S.,\" says Shah, who works at Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital. Here, he says, delivering at home or at independent birthing centers is still not considered mainstream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shah was asked by the \u003cem>New England Journal of Medicine\u003c/em> to respond to the British recommendation. He compared birth outcomes here in the U.S. and Britain, especially the cesarean rates, which average 33 percent in the U.S. compared with 26 percent in the U.K. And he started to think the British were on to something.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're taking excellent care of high-risk women,\" he says, \"and leaving low-risk, normal women behind. We're the only country on Earth with a rising maternal mortality rate.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are lots of reasons for the rise — increased obesity, a lack of consistent prenatal care, older women having babies. Shah also blames hospital infections, and the rise in emergency and elective C-section deliveries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rather than rebut the British, Shah argues in his \u003cem>New England Journal \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp1501461\" target=\"_blank\">editorial\u003c/a> that the practice of giving birth outside a hospital with a midwife can be safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Choose the right patients,\" he says. \"And you need to be able to link those birth centers to hospitals, like mine, that have blood banks and three operating suites and everything else.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists has been \u003ca href=\"http://www.acog.org/-/media/Statements-of-Policy/Public/sop1102.pdf?dmc=1&ts=20150701T1131257297\" target=\"_blank\">supportive\u003c/a> of midwife-led births. But it draws the line at home birth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't recommend home birth, and as an organization ACOG suggests that a hospital or birth center is the safest option,\" says Dr. Jeffrey Ecker, an obstetrician at Massachusetts General Hospital and chairman of ACOG's committee on obstetrics practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women and babies are in real danger, Ecker says, if something goes wrong during a home birth. Compared with births planned for delivery in a hospital or birthing center, planned home births have a significantly higher rate of infant mortality in the U.S., \u003ca href=\"http://www.acog.org/Resources-And-Publications/Committee-Opinions/Committee-on-Obstetric-Practice/Planned-Home-Birth\" target=\"_blank\">studies show\u003c/a>, though the absolute risk of the baby dying is relatively low in both cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, Ecker says, the British and American health systems are simply too different for the British recommendation to make sense for the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The system that supports home birth in the U.K. is much different than the system that currently exists in the U.S.,\" Ecker says. \"In fact, I would argue that there is no system in the U.S.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.K. has universal health care, and British women are generally referred to a midwife as soon as they know they're pregnant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the percentage of American women who choose a midwife-led birth is still only about 9 percent, the total is on the rise, recent statistics suggest. Most midwives work in hospitals or birthing centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yinka Sokunbi worked as a midwife in London until her husband's work transferred her to Dallas last year. She was stunned at the different attitudes toward childbirth in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of people do not know what midwives do,\" she says. \"They have this vision of old ladies with potions and herbs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From her training and practice, Sokunbi says, she can handle a host of common childbirth scenarios.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am suitably trained to recognize when things aren't going as they should be going and what to do about it,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bag Sokunbi takes to a home birth has no potions, but does have: a fetal Doppler device for monitoring the baby's heartbeat; certain medications; and oxygen for reviving a blue baby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And at the first sign a delivery could be running into trouble, she sends her laboring patient to the nearest hospital, she says. That handoff to an obstetrician is one of the major differences between the U.S. and the U.K. It's very smooth in the United Kingdom, where doctors and midwives have a close partnership, Sokunbi says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the States, the way I see it so far, it seems there are midwives on one side and obstetricians on the other — and there's this opposition,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shah warns against \"thinking of midwifery as a silver bullet\" aimed at fixing problems with childbirth in the United States. Rather, he hopes that obstetricians and midwives can work together, as they do in in the U.K., to give many women a cheaper, safer and more pleasant experience of labor and delivery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Should+More+Women+Give+Birth+Outside+The+Hospital%3F+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "After Measles Outbreaks, Parents Shift Their Thinking On Vaccines",
"title": "After Measles Outbreaks, Parents Shift Their Thinking On Vaccines",
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"content": "\u003cp>Nothing like a good measles outbreak to get people thinking more kindly about vaccines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One third of parents say they think vaccines have more benefit than they did a year ago, according to a poll conducted in May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_44720\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/07/vaccine-benefit_enl-25fbea0844d16be2d08246f0d63d746b56d09f9d.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-44720\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/07/vaccine-benefit_enl-25fbea0844d16be2d08246f0d63d746b56d09f9d-400x250.png\" alt=\"Source: C.S. Mott Children's Hospital National Poll on Children's Health, 2015\" width=\"400\" height=\"250\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/07/vaccine-benefit_enl-25fbea0844d16be2d08246f0d63d746b56d09f9d-400x250.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/07/vaccine-benefit_enl-25fbea0844d16be2d08246f0d63d746b56d09f9d.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: C.S. Mott Children's Hospital National Poll on Children's Health, 2015 \u003ccite>(NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That's compared to the 5 percent of parents who said they now think vaccines have fewer benefits and 61 percent who think the benefits are the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vaccine safety also got a boost, with 25 percent of parents saying they believe vaccines are safer than they thought they were a year ago, compared to 7 percent of parents who think they're less safe. Sixty-eight percent didn't change their minds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The numbers came from a \u003ca href=\"http://www.mottnpch.org/reports-surveys/safer-more-benefits-parents%E2%80%99-vaccines-views-shifting\" target=\"_blank\">poll\u003c/a> of 1,416 parents around the country conducted by the C.S. Mott Children's Hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far this year \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/measles/cases-outbreaks.html\" target=\"_blank\">178 people\u003c/a> have come down with measles, and many became infected after visiting \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/04/16/disneyland-measles-outbreak-to-be-declared-over/\" target=\"_blank\">Disneyland\u003c/a>, according to the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Most of those people were not vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_44721\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/07/vaccine-safety_enl-aa35d7bee0cf76bb8312170ecc74194b411f2a26.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-44721\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/07/vaccine-safety_enl-aa35d7bee0cf76bb8312170ecc74194b411f2a26-400x250.png\" alt=\"Source: C.S. Mott Children's Hospital National Poll on Children's Health, 2015\" width=\"400\" height=\"250\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/07/vaccine-safety_enl-aa35d7bee0cf76bb8312170ecc74194b411f2a26-400x250.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/07/vaccine-safety_enl-aa35d7bee0cf76bb8312170ecc74194b411f2a26.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: C.S. Mott Children's Hospital National Poll on Children's Health, 2015 \u003ccite>(NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even though the Disney outbreak got wide attention, 2014 was actually worse for measles, with 23 outbreaks including 383 cases among unvaccinated Amish communities in Ohio. In both 2014 and this year, measles is thought to have been brought to the U.S. by unvaccinated travelers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Polls typically find that people's opinions change very little in the course of a year, according to Matthew Davis, a pediatrician who directs the C.S. Mott poll. \"These numbers are incredibly high, and suggest that parents are hearing about the outbreaks and responding.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors should know that parents' opinions can change relatively quickly, Davis says, though in his medical practice, he still sees parents with a wide range of beliefs about vaccine safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's important for the medical community to realize that parents care deeply about their children's well being,\" Davis told Shots. \"And that is reflected in a wide range of opinions about vaccination.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, a statewide poll in California \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/06/03/two-thirds-of-californians-support-barring-unvaccinated-children-from-public-school/\" target=\"_blank\">found that\u003c/a> 67 percent of adults and 65 percent of public school parents think unvaccinated students should not be allowed in public school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=After+Measles+Outbreaks%2C+Parents+Shift+Their+Thinking+On+Vaccines&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The widely publicized measles outbreak linked to Disneyland appears to have made parents more confident about vaccine safety and benefits, a national poll finds.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Nothing like a good measles outbreak to get people thinking more kindly about vaccines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One third of parents say they think vaccines have more benefit than they did a year ago, according to a poll conducted in May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_44720\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/07/vaccine-benefit_enl-25fbea0844d16be2d08246f0d63d746b56d09f9d.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-44720\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/07/vaccine-benefit_enl-25fbea0844d16be2d08246f0d63d746b56d09f9d-400x250.png\" alt=\"Source: C.S. Mott Children's Hospital National Poll on Children's Health, 2015\" width=\"400\" height=\"250\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/07/vaccine-benefit_enl-25fbea0844d16be2d08246f0d63d746b56d09f9d-400x250.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/07/vaccine-benefit_enl-25fbea0844d16be2d08246f0d63d746b56d09f9d.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: C.S. Mott Children's Hospital National Poll on Children's Health, 2015 \u003ccite>(NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That's compared to the 5 percent of parents who said they now think vaccines have fewer benefits and 61 percent who think the benefits are the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vaccine safety also got a boost, with 25 percent of parents saying they believe vaccines are safer than they thought they were a year ago, compared to 7 percent of parents who think they're less safe. Sixty-eight percent didn't change their minds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The numbers came from a \u003ca href=\"http://www.mottnpch.org/reports-surveys/safer-more-benefits-parents%E2%80%99-vaccines-views-shifting\" target=\"_blank\">poll\u003c/a> of 1,416 parents around the country conducted by the C.S. Mott Children's Hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far this year \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/measles/cases-outbreaks.html\" target=\"_blank\">178 people\u003c/a> have come down with measles, and many became infected after visiting \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/04/16/disneyland-measles-outbreak-to-be-declared-over/\" target=\"_blank\">Disneyland\u003c/a>, according to the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Most of those people were not vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_44721\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/07/vaccine-safety_enl-aa35d7bee0cf76bb8312170ecc74194b411f2a26.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-44721\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/07/vaccine-safety_enl-aa35d7bee0cf76bb8312170ecc74194b411f2a26-400x250.png\" alt=\"Source: C.S. Mott Children's Hospital National Poll on Children's Health, 2015\" width=\"400\" height=\"250\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/07/vaccine-safety_enl-aa35d7bee0cf76bb8312170ecc74194b411f2a26-400x250.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/07/vaccine-safety_enl-aa35d7bee0cf76bb8312170ecc74194b411f2a26.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: C.S. Mott Children's Hospital National Poll on Children's Health, 2015 \u003ccite>(NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even though the Disney outbreak got wide attention, 2014 was actually worse for measles, with 23 outbreaks including 383 cases among unvaccinated Amish communities in Ohio. In both 2014 and this year, measles is thought to have been brought to the U.S. by unvaccinated travelers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Polls typically find that people's opinions change very little in the course of a year, according to Matthew Davis, a pediatrician who directs the C.S. Mott poll. \"These numbers are incredibly high, and suggest that parents are hearing about the outbreaks and responding.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors should know that parents' opinions can change relatively quickly, Davis says, though in his medical practice, he still sees parents with a wide range of beliefs about vaccine safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's important for the medical community to realize that parents care deeply about their children's well being,\" Davis told Shots. \"And that is reflected in a wide range of opinions about vaccination.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, a statewide poll in California \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/06/03/two-thirds-of-californians-support-barring-unvaccinated-children-from-public-school/\" target=\"_blank\">found that\u003c/a> 67 percent of adults and 65 percent of public school parents think unvaccinated students should not be allowed in public school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=After+Measles+Outbreaks%2C+Parents+Shift+Their+Thinking+On+Vaccines&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Resisting Vaccinations Has Long History",
"title": "Resisting Vaccinations Has Long History",
"headTitle": "State of Health | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>California is on the brink of enacting a law that would require nearly all children to be vaccinated in order to attend school. While the bill has passed the Legislature, public health officials have had to grapple with a strong, vocal opposition along the way. (\u003cstrong>Update July 1\u003c/strong>: Gov. Jerry Brown yesterday \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/06/29/bill-ending-vaccine-exemptions-passes-california-senate-moves-to-governors-desk/\" target=\"_blank\">signed the bill into law\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's actually a long history to the anti-vaccination movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"From the moment the very first vaccine came on the scene, which was the smallpox vaccine, there has been resistance to vaccines and vaccination,\" says Elena Conis, a history professor at Emory University and author of Vaccine Nation: America's Changing Relationship with Immunization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says that the modern-day resistance movement shares its roots and rhetoric with the social movements of the 1960s and '70s, including feminism, environmentalism and consumer rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They encouraged people to question sources of authority, including doctors,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, women's advocates started to question medical advice on reproductive health and childbirth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Women also start opting to increasingly use midwives, have births outside the hospital,\" she says, \"And also reject professional advice about formula feeding over breastfeeding.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental activists were also encouraging people to think about chemical exposures, even in small amounts, at the same time that drug manufacturers started including package inserts listing drug ingredients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conis says that this is the context for the list of vaccine recommendations, which has grown longer over the last generation. It can be overwhelming for today's parents to watch their babies cry through one shot after another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We started looking at the vaccine schedule and how intense and frequent these vaccines seem to come up,\" says George McCann, a general contractor and father of two daughters, who lives north of San Francisco. \"So we started talking about whether or not this seemed to be the best approach for our children.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and his wife decided to have their girls get some vaccines, but not all. They skipped vaccines for pneumonia and chicken pox and waited on polio until the girls were older.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The whole issue for me comes down to the idea that somehow the state would get to mandate that all of us have to do something, as if we don't have the ability to look into this with compassion and intelligence and critical thinking on behalf of our children,\" he explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Carl Krawitt asks that those who don't vaccinate or delay think about other peoples' children. His son couldn't get vaccinated for five years while he was being treated for leukemia. He depended on others to be immunized so they couldn't spread potentially deadly diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People often don't understand that their choices have an impact on others,\" he says. \"People take personal freedoms to such an extreme that they forget about the community.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are the types of parental debates Dr. Matt Willis is navigating. He's the public health officer for Marin County. In some communities there, only half the kids are fully vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His office is trying to figure out why. It did a survey and found a few common characteristics of today's parents who don't vaccinate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A higher proportion are getting information from the Internet, and a higher number of the parents were seeing alternative medical providers,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willis has developed a list of talking points for each vaccine. He tells parents that there's no link between the measles vaccine and autism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says that polio is probably his toughest sell. The disease was eradicated from the United States in the late 1970s, so American parents today have no memory of how horrible the disease was. While the polio virus is not endemic to the U.S., he reminds parents that it still is in other parts of the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's really just one plane ride away,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willis tell parents who want to delay some vaccines to think of them like a seat belt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You could choose to put them in their safety belt as you leave your driveway and start driving, or you could choose to pull over 10 miles later and put it on,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willis is hoping California Gov. Jerry Brown will sign the bill prohibiting parents from opting out of vaccines for religious or personal beliefs. If passed, the law would take effect on Jan. 1, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It will certainly make my job a lot easier,\" he says, because controlling a disease outbreak is like fighting a fire. \"It's much easier to prevent a fire from happening in the first place than it is to try and extinguish it once it's spreading.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of a reporting partnership with NPR, KQED and Kaiser Health News.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California is on the brink of enacting a law that would require nearly all children to be vaccinated in order to attend school. While the bill has passed the Legislature, public health officials have had to grapple with a strong, vocal opposition along the way. (\u003cstrong>Update July 1\u003c/strong>: Gov. Jerry Brown yesterday \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/06/29/bill-ending-vaccine-exemptions-passes-california-senate-moves-to-governors-desk/\" target=\"_blank\">signed the bill into law\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's actually a long history to the anti-vaccination movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"From the moment the very first vaccine came on the scene, which was the smallpox vaccine, there has been resistance to vaccines and vaccination,\" says Elena Conis, a history professor at Emory University and author of Vaccine Nation: America's Changing Relationship with Immunization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says that the modern-day resistance movement shares its roots and rhetoric with the social movements of the 1960s and '70s, including feminism, environmentalism and consumer rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They encouraged people to question sources of authority, including doctors,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, women's advocates started to question medical advice on reproductive health and childbirth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Women also start opting to increasingly use midwives, have births outside the hospital,\" she says, \"And also reject professional advice about formula feeding over breastfeeding.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental activists were also encouraging people to think about chemical exposures, even in small amounts, at the same time that drug manufacturers started including package inserts listing drug ingredients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conis says that this is the context for the list of vaccine recommendations, which has grown longer over the last generation. It can be overwhelming for today's parents to watch their babies cry through one shot after another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We started looking at the vaccine schedule and how intense and frequent these vaccines seem to come up,\" says George McCann, a general contractor and father of two daughters, who lives north of San Francisco. \"So we started talking about whether or not this seemed to be the best approach for our children.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and his wife decided to have their girls get some vaccines, but not all. They skipped vaccines for pneumonia and chicken pox and waited on polio until the girls were older.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The whole issue for me comes down to the idea that somehow the state would get to mandate that all of us have to do something, as if we don't have the ability to look into this with compassion and intelligence and critical thinking on behalf of our children,\" he explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Carl Krawitt asks that those who don't vaccinate or delay think about other peoples' children. His son couldn't get vaccinated for five years while he was being treated for leukemia. He depended on others to be immunized so they couldn't spread potentially deadly diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People often don't understand that their choices have an impact on others,\" he says. \"People take personal freedoms to such an extreme that they forget about the community.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are the types of parental debates Dr. Matt Willis is navigating. He's the public health officer for Marin County. In some communities there, only half the kids are fully vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His office is trying to figure out why. It did a survey and found a few common characteristics of today's parents who don't vaccinate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A higher proportion are getting information from the Internet, and a higher number of the parents were seeing alternative medical providers,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willis has developed a list of talking points for each vaccine. He tells parents that there's no link between the measles vaccine and autism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says that polio is probably his toughest sell. The disease was eradicated from the United States in the late 1970s, so American parents today have no memory of how horrible the disease was. While the polio virus is not endemic to the U.S., he reminds parents that it still is in other parts of the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's really just one plane ride away,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willis tell parents who want to delay some vaccines to think of them like a seat belt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You could choose to put them in their safety belt as you leave your driveway and start driving, or you could choose to pull over 10 miles later and put it on,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willis is hoping California Gov. Jerry Brown will sign the bill prohibiting parents from opting out of vaccines for religious or personal beliefs. If passed, the law would take effect on Jan. 1, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It will certainly make my job a lot easier,\" he says, because controlling a disease outbreak is like fighting a fire. \"It's much easier to prevent a fire from happening in the first place than it is to try and extinguish it once it's spreading.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of a reporting partnership with NPR, KQED and Kaiser Health News.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Tired of seeing the effects of alcoholism and domestic abuse in their community, a group of men in Oxnard are getting together to do something about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They say domestic abuse is not just a women's problem. It's something that should be addressed openly among men, or “Entre Hombres,\" which is what they're calling their effort. The group has now trained 12 men, who will engage local farmworkers on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of our community health series, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/series/vital-signs/\" target=\"_blank\">Vital Signs\u003c/a>, I spoke with the group's leader, Arcenio Lopez, executive director of the Mixteco/Indígena Community Organizing Project. Our conversation below has been edited and condensed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/212519149\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeremy Raff: \u003c/strong>How did you come up with this idea, Entre Hombres, a men’s group to address domestic violence?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Arcenio Lopez:\u003c/strong> We started seeing more cases of DUIs. Often, the women come into our office saying, \"My husband is in jail.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then they start opening up. They say, \"I’ve been having this issue for the last three, four, five years, and I feel like I can't move.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We were trying to support the women by connecting them to services. But eventually, we realized that we were doing superficial work and not going to the root of the problem. So we thought, OK, let’s start a men's group and start this kind of conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We see men as part of the solution. And if we don't help them, we’ll never help all the women coming to our office saying, \"I have this issue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>JR:\u003c/strong> What kind of conversation will you try to start?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AL:\u003c/strong> We’re not going to say directly, \"This is a domestic violence men's group,\" or something. We want to talk about that, but also about how we should be raising our children in the United States, why our children should be in school and what kind of future we're looking for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is more about having conversations to identify those things that sometimes cause all the problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>JR:\u003c/strong> What do you think causes the problems?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AL:\u003c/strong> I think machismo plays a role. You are a man and you have to have control in the house, and you shouldn’t express your feelings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re farmworkers. It’s seasonal, so you work a few months, and then you can’t find any work. You are the only one earning money. You want to be a man and not show you are worried. You start feeling stressed, and the way you express it is being angry. You yell at your kids and wife and start drinking alcohol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We want to let people know it’s normal to feel stressed and to talk about it. That there are other ways of dealing with it. I think that Entre Hombres is trying to talk about all of that stuff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>JR:\u003c/strong> Who is going to participate?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AL:\u003c/strong> Usually, the people who are trained to start these conversations are women, but we have just trained 12 men as \u003cem>promotores de salud\u003c/em> (health promoters).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They will talk to men in parks, where they play soccer after work, and we have agreements with a few growers to talk to workers in the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_41797\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2048px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/Entre-Hombres-mtg-photo.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-41797 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/Entre-Hombres-mtg-photo.jpeg\" alt=\"Arcenio Lopez leads a brainstorming session about how best to start conversations with men about abuse. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1154\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/Entre-Hombres-mtg-photo.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/Entre-Hombres-mtg-photo-400x225.jpeg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/Entre-Hombres-mtg-photo-800x451.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/Entre-Hombres-mtg-photo-1440x811.jpeg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/Entre-Hombres-mtg-photo-1180x665.jpeg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/Entre-Hombres-mtg-photo-960x541.jpeg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Arcenio Lopez leads a brainstorming session about how best to start conversations with men about abuse. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>JR: \u003c/strong>So how does Entre Hombres -- men just talking to one another -- help?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AL:\u003c/strong> This is also an opportunity to learn about our own culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m Mixteco myself; I speak Mixteco. For people who don't know, the Mixtec people are one of the native peoples in Mexico, like the Chumash or the Navajo in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women played a strong role in our culture, something I didn’t learn in the Mexican school system growing up. Women were part of the conversation about what is best for families and also for society -- something that's not happening right now in our culture, something that got lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For me as an indigenous person, hitting our wives is not part of our culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_41798\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/rachel-wide-1-of-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-41798 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/rachel-wide-1-of-1.jpg\" alt=\"Arcenio Lopez's bracelet reads "don't call me Qaxaquita," a common slur used against Mixtecos (Jeremy Raff/KQED).\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/rachel-wide-1-of-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/rachel-wide-1-of-1-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/rachel-wide-1-of-1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/rachel-wide-1-of-1-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/rachel-wide-1-of-1-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/rachel-wide-1-of-1-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Arcenio Lopez's bracelet says \"don't call me Qaxaquita,\" a common slur used against Mixtecos (Jeremy Raff/KQED).\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alcohol abuse is not part of our culture. It’s something that was imposed on us— it was a technique that the dominant culture [the Spanish] used to keep us oppressed, and to keep us a mess.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think we need to learn our history because identity is a huge thing for you as a person. Without it, you are going to have a lot of problems in your life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don't think it will be the only solution, but I think it's important to know who you are.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Tired of seeing the effects of alcoholism and domestic abuse in their community, a group of men in Oxnard are getting together to do something about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They say domestic abuse is not just a women's problem. It's something that should be addressed openly among men, or “Entre Hombres,\" which is what they're calling their effort. The group has now trained 12 men, who will engage local farmworkers on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of our community health series, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/series/vital-signs/\" target=\"_blank\">Vital Signs\u003c/a>, I spoke with the group's leader, Arcenio Lopez, executive director of the Mixteco/Indígena Community Organizing Project. Our conversation below has been edited and condensed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/212519149&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/212519149'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeremy Raff: \u003c/strong>How did you come up with this idea, Entre Hombres, a men’s group to address domestic violence?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Arcenio Lopez:\u003c/strong> We started seeing more cases of DUIs. Often, the women come into our office saying, \"My husband is in jail.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then they start opening up. They say, \"I’ve been having this issue for the last three, four, five years, and I feel like I can't move.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We were trying to support the women by connecting them to services. But eventually, we realized that we were doing superficial work and not going to the root of the problem. So we thought, OK, let’s start a men's group and start this kind of conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We see men as part of the solution. And if we don't help them, we’ll never help all the women coming to our office saying, \"I have this issue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>JR:\u003c/strong> What kind of conversation will you try to start?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AL:\u003c/strong> We’re not going to say directly, \"This is a domestic violence men's group,\" or something. We want to talk about that, but also about how we should be raising our children in the United States, why our children should be in school and what kind of future we're looking for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is more about having conversations to identify those things that sometimes cause all the problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>JR:\u003c/strong> What do you think causes the problems?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AL:\u003c/strong> I think machismo plays a role. You are a man and you have to have control in the house, and you shouldn’t express your feelings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re farmworkers. It’s seasonal, so you work a few months, and then you can’t find any work. You are the only one earning money. You want to be a man and not show you are worried. You start feeling stressed, and the way you express it is being angry. You yell at your kids and wife and start drinking alcohol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We want to let people know it’s normal to feel stressed and to talk about it. That there are other ways of dealing with it. I think that Entre Hombres is trying to talk about all of that stuff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>JR:\u003c/strong> Who is going to participate?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AL:\u003c/strong> Usually, the people who are trained to start these conversations are women, but we have just trained 12 men as \u003cem>promotores de salud\u003c/em> (health promoters).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They will talk to men in parks, where they play soccer after work, and we have agreements with a few growers to talk to workers in the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_41797\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2048px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/Entre-Hombres-mtg-photo.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-41797 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/Entre-Hombres-mtg-photo.jpeg\" alt=\"Arcenio Lopez leads a brainstorming session about how best to start conversations with men about abuse. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1154\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/Entre-Hombres-mtg-photo.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/Entre-Hombres-mtg-photo-400x225.jpeg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/Entre-Hombres-mtg-photo-800x451.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/Entre-Hombres-mtg-photo-1440x811.jpeg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/Entre-Hombres-mtg-photo-1180x665.jpeg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/Entre-Hombres-mtg-photo-960x541.jpeg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Arcenio Lopez leads a brainstorming session about how best to start conversations with men about abuse. (Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>JR: \u003c/strong>So how does Entre Hombres -- men just talking to one another -- help?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>AL:\u003c/strong> This is also an opportunity to learn about our own culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m Mixteco myself; I speak Mixteco. For people who don't know, the Mixtec people are one of the native peoples in Mexico, like the Chumash or the Navajo in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women played a strong role in our culture, something I didn’t learn in the Mexican school system growing up. Women were part of the conversation about what is best for families and also for society -- something that's not happening right now in our culture, something that got lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For me as an indigenous person, hitting our wives is not part of our culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_41798\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/rachel-wide-1-of-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-41798 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/rachel-wide-1-of-1.jpg\" alt=\"Arcenio Lopez's bracelet reads "don't call me Qaxaquita," a common slur used against Mixtecos (Jeremy Raff/KQED).\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/rachel-wide-1-of-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/rachel-wide-1-of-1-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/rachel-wide-1-of-1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/rachel-wide-1-of-1-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/rachel-wide-1-of-1-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2015/06/rachel-wide-1-of-1-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Arcenio Lopez's bracelet says \"don't call me Qaxaquita,\" a common slur used against Mixtecos (Jeremy Raff/KQED).\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alcohol abuse is not part of our culture. It’s something that was imposed on us— it was a technique that the dominant culture [the Spanish] used to keep us oppressed, and to keep us a mess.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think we need to learn our history because identity is a huge thing for you as a person. Without it, you are going to have a lot of problems in your life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don't think it will be the only solution, but I think it's important to know who you are.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, June 30\u003c/strong>: Legislation ending personal belief exemptions for vaccines is now a done deal. Gov. Jerry Brown has signed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB277\" target=\"_blank\">SB277\u003c/a> into law, and California now has one of the strictest mandatory vaccination laws in the nation. It also becomes the third state after Mississippi and West Virginia to disallow exemptions for religious reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The science is clear that vaccines dramatically protect children against a number of infectious and dangerous diseases,\" Brown said in an accompanying \u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/docs/SB_277_Signing_Message.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">signing statement\u003c/a>. \"While it's true that no medical intervention is without risk, the evidence shows that immunization powerfully benefits and protects the community.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"8h6644X70B8IQ2kpxzDWXE8NITVr7Ta7\"]Passage of the law means that starting July 1, 2016, children will have to be vaccinated in order to attend public or private school. Those who opt out will have to be home-schooled or enroll in an independent study program off school grounds. Parents will still be able to secure a medical exemption from a health care provider, who can take into account family history in excusing kids from particular vaccinations -- one of the compromises the bill's authors made in order to get the bill passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill also contains language that would allow a certain amount of grandfathering for those who already have personal belief exemptions on file. Unvaccinated kids can stay unvaccinated and still remain in school until the next “grade span,” as long as their exemption is on file before Jan. 1, 2016. However, children with these exemptions will not be able to enter preschool, kindergarten or seventh grade, and will not be able to change schools, without the mandatory vaccinations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are the required immunizations, as listed in the bill:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(1) Diphtheria\u003cbr>\n(2) Haemophilus influenzae type b\u003cbr>\n(3) Measles\u003cbr>\n(4) Mumps\u003cbr>\n(5) Pertussis (whooping cough)\u003cbr>\n(6) Poliomyelitis\u003cbr>\n(7) Rubella\u003cbr>\n(8) Tetanus\u003cbr>\n(9) Hepatitis B\u003cbr>\n(10) Varicella (chickenpox)\u003cbr>\n(11) Any other disease deemed appropriate by the state Department of Public Health, taking into consideration the recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, the American Academy of Pediatrics, and the American Academy of Family Physicians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ongoing Conflict Over Vaccines\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A May \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/publication.asp?i=1153\" target=\"_blank\"> poll by the Public Policy Institute of California\u003c/a> found that 67 percent of Californians and 65 percent of public school parents think children should not be allowed to attend public school without getting vaccinated. Large majorities also said that childhood vaccines are generally safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ninety percent of parents in California vaccinate their children, but there are pockets in the state where the rate of opting out is high. Marin County, for example, has the highest rate of personal belief exemptions in the Bay Area and among the highest in the state. Last school year, 6.45 percent of Marin’s kindergartners went unvaccinated by invoking the exemption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those who oppose mandatory vaccinations were vocal indeed as SB277 wended its way through the Legislature, holding multiple rallies at the state Capitol, getting ejected from committee hearings, and even \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article18533915.html\" target=\"_blank\">issuing threats\u003c/a> to the bill's backers. The legislation thus became a battleground in the ongoing conflict between those who urge everyone to get vaccinated — a group that includes the scientific and medical community — and those who think the decision should remain personal. Many in that category believe vaccines are responsible for the rising autism rate, a proposition that has never been proved in any way, shape or form but remains an article of faith among some in the anti-vaccine movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Richard Pan (D-Sacramento), a physician, and Sen. Ben Allen (Santa Monica) introduced SB277 amid the measles outbreak that started in Disneyland last December and spread to at least half a dozen additional states. A total of 117 cases were associated with the outbreak, which was declared over on April 17 of this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here is Gov. Brown's full \u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/docs/SB_277_Signing_Message.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">SB277 signing statement \u003c/a>today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>To the Members of the California State Senate:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SB 277 has occasioned widespread interest and controversy -- with both proponents and opponents expressing their positions with eloquence and sincerity. After carefully reviewing the materials and arguments that have been presented, I have decided to sign this bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The science is clear that vaccines dramatically protect children against a number of infectious and dangerous diseases. While it's true that no medical intervention is without risk, the evidence shows that immunization powerfully benefits and protects the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Legislature, after considerable debate, specifically amended SB 277, to exempt a child from immunizations whenver the child's physician concludes that there are \"circumstances, including but not limited to, family medical history, for which the physician does not recommend immunization...\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thus, SB 277, while requiring that school children be vaccinated, explicitly provides an exception when a physician believes that circumstances -- in the judgement and sound discretion of the physician -- so warrant.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Original post\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Senate this afternoon passed amendments to SB277, the bill that ends the vaccine personal belief exemption for schoolchildren. The vote was 23-14 on amendments added by the Assembly. The bill now moves to the desk of Gov. Jerry Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amendments included a provision to allow consideration of family history by physicians when they grant medical exemptions, and one to honor existing personal belief exemptions until children either reach kindergarten or seventh grade, whichever comes first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown has not taken a position on the bill, but as noted on \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/06/19/california-budget-deal-explained-kqed-politics-podcast/\" target=\"_blank\">KQED’s California Politics Podcast\u003c/a>, some Capitol observers think the fact that his cabinet secretary, Dana Williamson, testified in support of SB277 at the Assembly’s Health Committee hearing was an indication he supported it, even though Williamson emphasized she was speaking on her own behalf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, the governor's staff has sent out statements that Brown “believes that vaccinations are profoundly important and a major public health benefit, and any bill that reaches his desk will be closely considered.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here's what the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/health/ci_28380608/californias-vaccine-bill-state-assembly-passes-legislation-outlawing\" target=\"_blank\">San Jose Mercury News\u003c/a> wrote on Thursday:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Many pundits are reluctant to predict what Brown will do.\u003cbr>\n\"The three great mysteries in life are the Holy Trinity, transubstantiation and Jerry Brown's mind,'' said Jack Pitney, a Claremont McKenna College political science professor who has studied Brown's decades-long political career.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last time he endorsed a vaccine bill in 2012, the former Jesuit seminarian tweaked it to make it easier for Californians to claim religious exemptions. Will he be tempted to do that again -- and water down the current legislation?\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>That 2012 bill was AB2109, which requires parents who want an exemption for their children to submit a signed statement from a health care practitioner who has provided \"information regarding the benefits and risks of the immunization and the health risks of specified communicable diseases.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown, however, \u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/docs/AB_2109_Signing_Message.pdf\">directed the California Department of Public Health\u003c/a> to allow for a religious exemption to the requirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Hastings law professor Dorit Rubinstein Reiss told the Mercury News that Brown \u003cspan id=\"mn_Global\">\u003cspan id=\"MNGiSection\">\"doesn't have the authority to make this sort of change on his own. ... If someone had taken him to court, that clause could have been ruled unconstitutional.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barbara O'Connor, director emeritus of the Institute for the Study of Politics and Media at Sacramento State, said to the Merc that a religious exemption would prompt the legislative analyst to \"say that's not a minor modification -- it changes the totality of the law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you allow people to get a religious exemption, then everyone who opposes the bill will get one,\" she told the Merc.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, June 30\u003c/strong>: Legislation ending personal belief exemptions for vaccines is now a done deal. Gov. Jerry Brown has signed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB277\" target=\"_blank\">SB277\u003c/a> into law, and California now has one of the strictest mandatory vaccination laws in the nation. It also becomes the third state after Mississippi and West Virginia to disallow exemptions for religious reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The science is clear that vaccines dramatically protect children against a number of infectious and dangerous diseases,\" Brown said in an accompanying \u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/docs/SB_277_Signing_Message.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">signing statement\u003c/a>. \"While it's true that no medical intervention is without risk, the evidence shows that immunization powerfully benefits and protects the community.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Passage of the law means that starting July 1, 2016, children will have to be vaccinated in order to attend public or private school. Those who opt out will have to be home-schooled or enroll in an independent study program off school grounds. Parents will still be able to secure a medical exemption from a health care provider, who can take into account family history in excusing kids from particular vaccinations -- one of the compromises the bill's authors made in order to get the bill passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill also contains language that would allow a certain amount of grandfathering for those who already have personal belief exemptions on file. Unvaccinated kids can stay unvaccinated and still remain in school until the next “grade span,” as long as their exemption is on file before Jan. 1, 2016. However, children with these exemptions will not be able to enter preschool, kindergarten or seventh grade, and will not be able to change schools, without the mandatory vaccinations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are the required immunizations, as listed in the bill:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(1) Diphtheria\u003cbr>\n(2) Haemophilus influenzae type b\u003cbr>\n(3) Measles\u003cbr>\n(4) Mumps\u003cbr>\n(5) Pertussis (whooping cough)\u003cbr>\n(6) Poliomyelitis\u003cbr>\n(7) Rubella\u003cbr>\n(8) Tetanus\u003cbr>\n(9) Hepatitis B\u003cbr>\n(10) Varicella (chickenpox)\u003cbr>\n(11) Any other disease deemed appropriate by the state Department of Public Health, taking into consideration the recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, the American Academy of Pediatrics, and the American Academy of Family Physicians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ongoing Conflict Over Vaccines\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A May \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/publication.asp?i=1153\" target=\"_blank\"> poll by the Public Policy Institute of California\u003c/a> found that 67 percent of Californians and 65 percent of public school parents think children should not be allowed to attend public school without getting vaccinated. Large majorities also said that childhood vaccines are generally safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ninety percent of parents in California vaccinate their children, but there are pockets in the state where the rate of opting out is high. Marin County, for example, has the highest rate of personal belief exemptions in the Bay Area and among the highest in the state. Last school year, 6.45 percent of Marin’s kindergartners went unvaccinated by invoking the exemption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those who oppose mandatory vaccinations were vocal indeed as SB277 wended its way through the Legislature, holding multiple rallies at the state Capitol, getting ejected from committee hearings, and even \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article18533915.html\" target=\"_blank\">issuing threats\u003c/a> to the bill's backers. The legislation thus became a battleground in the ongoing conflict between those who urge everyone to get vaccinated — a group that includes the scientific and medical community — and those who think the decision should remain personal. Many in that category believe vaccines are responsible for the rising autism rate, a proposition that has never been proved in any way, shape or form but remains an article of faith among some in the anti-vaccine movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Richard Pan (D-Sacramento), a physician, and Sen. Ben Allen (Santa Monica) introduced SB277 amid the measles outbreak that started in Disneyland last December and spread to at least half a dozen additional states. A total of 117 cases were associated with the outbreak, which was declared over on April 17 of this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here is Gov. Brown's full \u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/docs/SB_277_Signing_Message.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">SB277 signing statement \u003c/a>today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>To the Members of the California State Senate:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SB 277 has occasioned widespread interest and controversy -- with both proponents and opponents expressing their positions with eloquence and sincerity. After carefully reviewing the materials and arguments that have been presented, I have decided to sign this bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The science is clear that vaccines dramatically protect children against a number of infectious and dangerous diseases. While it's true that no medical intervention is without risk, the evidence shows that immunization powerfully benefits and protects the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Legislature, after considerable debate, specifically amended SB 277, to exempt a child from immunizations whenver the child's physician concludes that there are \"circumstances, including but not limited to, family medical history, for which the physician does not recommend immunization...\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thus, SB 277, while requiring that school children be vaccinated, explicitly provides an exception when a physician believes that circumstances -- in the judgement and sound discretion of the physician -- so warrant.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Original post\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Senate this afternoon passed amendments to SB277, the bill that ends the vaccine personal belief exemption for schoolchildren. The vote was 23-14 on amendments added by the Assembly. The bill now moves to the desk of Gov. Jerry Brown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amendments included a provision to allow consideration of family history by physicians when they grant medical exemptions, and one to honor existing personal belief exemptions until children either reach kindergarten or seventh grade, whichever comes first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown has not taken a position on the bill, but as noted on \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/06/19/california-budget-deal-explained-kqed-politics-podcast/\" target=\"_blank\">KQED’s California Politics Podcast\u003c/a>, some Capitol observers think the fact that his cabinet secretary, Dana Williamson, testified in support of SB277 at the Assembly’s Health Committee hearing was an indication he supported it, even though Williamson emphasized she was speaking on her own behalf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, the governor's staff has sent out statements that Brown “believes that vaccinations are profoundly important and a major public health benefit, and any bill that reaches his desk will be closely considered.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here's what the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/health/ci_28380608/californias-vaccine-bill-state-assembly-passes-legislation-outlawing\" target=\"_blank\">San Jose Mercury News\u003c/a> wrote on Thursday:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Many pundits are reluctant to predict what Brown will do.\u003cbr>\n\"The three great mysteries in life are the Holy Trinity, transubstantiation and Jerry Brown's mind,'' said Jack Pitney, a Claremont McKenna College political science professor who has studied Brown's decades-long political career.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last time he endorsed a vaccine bill in 2012, the former Jesuit seminarian tweaked it to make it easier for Californians to claim religious exemptions. Will he be tempted to do that again -- and water down the current legislation?\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>That 2012 bill was AB2109, which requires parents who want an exemption for their children to submit a signed statement from a health care practitioner who has provided \"information regarding the benefits and risks of the immunization and the health risks of specified communicable diseases.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown, however, \u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/docs/AB_2109_Signing_Message.pdf\">directed the California Department of Public Health\u003c/a> to allow for a religious exemption to the requirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Hastings law professor Dorit Rubinstein Reiss told the Mercury News that Brown \u003cspan id=\"mn_Global\">\u003cspan id=\"MNGiSection\">\"doesn't have the authority to make this sort of change on his own. ... If someone had taken him to court, that clause could have been ruled unconstitutional.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barbara O'Connor, director emeritus of the Institute for the Study of Politics and Media at Sacramento State, said to the Merc that a religious exemption would prompt the legislative analyst to \"say that's not a minor modification -- it changes the totality of the law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you allow people to get a religious exemption, then everyone who opposes the bill will get one,\" she told the Merc.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"tagline": "The flip side of gentrification, told through one town",
"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
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},
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"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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"order": 8
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},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
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"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
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"source": "NPR"
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"jerrybrown": {
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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},
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"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
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