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"content": "\u003cp>The Biden administration plans to open the California coast to offshore wind development, ending a long-running stalemate with the Department of Defense that has been the biggest barrier to building wind power along the Pacific Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move adds momentum to the administration’s goal of reaching 100% carbon-free electricity by 2035, coming just weeks after the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/05/11/995852356/biden-administration-approves-first-major-offshore-wind-energy-project\">country’s first large-scale offshore wind farm was approved\u003c/a> off the coast of New England. Today, the country has just a handful of offshore wind turbines in the Atlantic Ocean, with around a dozen wind farms being developed in federal waters off the East Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s an announcement that will set the stage for the long-term development of clean energy and the growth of a brand new made-in-America industry,” says National Climate Advisor Gina McCarthy. “Now we’re thinking big and thinking bold.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement identifies two sites off Central and Northern California with the potential to install massive floating wind turbines that could produce 4.6 gigawatts of electricity, enough to power 1.6 million homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interest in offshore wind on the West Coast has grown for years, especially with California’s own ambitious goal to cut greenhouse gas emissions. The deep waters off the coast have the \u003ca href=\"https://windexchange.energy.gov/maps-data/146\">potential to produce a significant amount of energy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Defense Department has largely objected to the idea, since the Navy and Air Force use the area for training and testing operations. In response to the growing interest, the Navy \u003ca href=\"https://navysustainability.dodlive.mil/rsc/department-of-the-navy-california-offshore-wind-compatibility/\">released a map\u003c/a> in 2017 putting large swaths of California waters off limits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, the federal Bureau of Ocean Energy Management solicited interest from wind developers. But negotiations with the Defense Department have been slow going ever since, effectively blocking wind development off California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday’s announcement outlines a compromise for a 399 square-mile area off Morro Bay, a site that’s appealing to renewable energy companies because of existing transmission lines nearby that once serviced a retired power plant. It also identifies a location off Humboldt County in Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s our view that the world faces a grave and growing climate crisis,” says Dr. Colin Kahl, under secretary of defense for policy. “Climate change is both a threat to the Department of Defense’s operations around the world and an existential challenge to our ability to maintain resilience here at home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another key site, just offshore from the Diablo Canyon nuclear power plant, was not included in Tuesday’s deal. California’s last-remaining nuclear plant is scheduled to completely close by 2025, freeing up more potential transmission lines for offshore wind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration has set a goal of jump-starting the country’s offshore wind sector with \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/03/29/fact-sheet-biden-administration-jumpstarts-offshore-wind-energy-projects-to-create-jobs/\">30 gigawatts of projects by 2030\u003c/a>. Those wind farms will foster tens of thousands of jobs, according to the White House, between renewable energy installers, manufacturers and steelworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a major breakthrough — a major advancement that will allow California to start planning for its carbon-free electricity goals with offshore wind firmly in the picture,” says Nancy Rader of the California Wind Energy Association, who also pointed to the challenges. “Offshore wind development off the coast at Morro Bay and Humboldt will require a major port facility in each area to construct the floating platforms and assemble the turbines that will require continued proactive planning by the state and federal governments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the areas identified in the agreement may not be enough for hitting the administration’s clean electricity goal, as well as California’s. The state is planning to get 100% of its electricity from zero-emission sources by 2045. To reach that, renewable energy needs to triple statewide with offshore wind playing a key role, reaching 10 GW, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/sb100\">recent state analysis\u003c/a>. Tuesday’s deal could provide just half of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A potential lease auction for the offshore wind sites could be held in mid-2022. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Defense Department has largely objected to the idea, since the Navy and Air Force use the area for training and testing operations. In response to the growing interest, the Navy \u003ca href=\"https://navysustainability.dodlive.mil/rsc/department-of-the-navy-california-offshore-wind-compatibility/\">released a map\u003c/a> in 2017 putting large swaths of California waters off limits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, the federal Bureau of Ocean Energy Management solicited interest from wind developers. But negotiations with the Defense Department have been slow going ever since, effectively blocking wind development off California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday’s announcement outlines a compromise for a 399 square-mile area off Morro Bay, a site that’s appealing to renewable energy companies because of existing transmission lines nearby that once serviced a retired power plant. It also identifies a location off Humboldt County in Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s our view that the world faces a grave and growing climate crisis,” says Dr. Colin Kahl, under secretary of defense for policy. “Climate change is both a threat to the Department of Defense’s operations around the world and an existential challenge to our ability to maintain resilience here at home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another key site, just offshore from the Diablo Canyon nuclear power plant, was not included in Tuesday’s deal. California’s last-remaining nuclear plant is scheduled to completely close by 2025, freeing up more potential transmission lines for offshore wind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration has set a goal of jump-starting the country’s offshore wind sector with \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/03/29/fact-sheet-biden-administration-jumpstarts-offshore-wind-energy-projects-to-create-jobs/\">30 gigawatts of projects by 2030\u003c/a>. Those wind farms will foster tens of thousands of jobs, according to the White House, between renewable energy installers, manufacturers and steelworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a major breakthrough — a major advancement that will allow California to start planning for its carbon-free electricity goals with offshore wind firmly in the picture,” says Nancy Rader of the California Wind Energy Association, who also pointed to the challenges. “Offshore wind development off the coast at Morro Bay and Humboldt will require a major port facility in each area to construct the floating platforms and assemble the turbines that will require continued proactive planning by the state and federal governments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the areas identified in the agreement may not be enough for hitting the administration’s clean electricity goal, as well as California’s. The state is planning to get 100% of its electricity from zero-emission sources by 2045. To reach that, renewable energy needs to triple statewide with offshore wind playing a key role, reaching 10 GW, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/sb100\">recent state analysis\u003c/a>. Tuesday’s deal could provide just half of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A potential lease auction for the offshore wind sites could be held in mid-2022. But the projects will still have to negotiate concerns about the potential impacts on California’s fishing industry and shipping channels, as well as any environmental concerns about sensitive ecosystems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Far too many questions remain unanswered regarding potential impacts to marine life which is dependent on a healthy ecosystem,” says Mike Conroy of the Pacific Coast Federation of Fishermen’s Associations. “The fishing industry has been told these areas work best for offshore wind developers; but no one has asked us what areas would work best for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Biden+Administration+Strikes+Deal+To+Bring+Offshore+Wind+To+California&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "The Ford F-150 is America's Top-Selling Car. Now There's an Electric Version",
"headTitle": "The Ford F-150 is America’s Top-Selling Car. Now There’s an Electric Version | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>There’s a lot riding on the F-150 Lightning, the all-electric pickup that Ford unveiled Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the company, it represents a big strategic bet on the rise of electric vehicles — one that nearly every rival automaker is also making. And it’s also a symbol for the vision of America that President Biden has been promoting: made in America, pairing blue-collar roots and high-tech ambitions, fighting climate change without making compromises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The subtext was made explicit when the president visited Ford’s Rouge complex on Tuesday to tout electric vehicles in general and praise this one in particular — even taking it for a spin on the test track.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Behind all this buzz and boosterism is an incredibly daunting challenge for the auto industry. According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.iea.org/reports/net-zero-by-2050\">a report\u003c/a> out this week from the International Energy Agency, for the energy sector to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions to net zero by 2050, electric vehicles would need to go from 5% of global sales to 60% in less than a decade. Five years later, in 2035, \u003cem>all \u003c/em>new cars would need to be electric.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Automakers such as General Motors and Volvo have openly embraced that timeline, as have governments such as the United Kingdom. But a transformation of that scale raises \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/06/23/880941975/an-electric-pickup-truck-brings-new-energy-to-lordstown-ohio\">myriad challenges\u003c/a> — chargers that need to be built, supply chains that need to expand, factories that need to be retooled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for many in the auto industry, it raises a fundamental question: Can companies make electric cars that will bring \u003cem>drivers \u003c/em>on board, and fast?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford hopes that’s where the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/05/19/998268622/ford-says-electric-f-150-will-start-under-40-000-it-can-also-power-your-home\">F-150 Lightning\u003c/a> comes in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot at stake here, not just for Ford, but really for the country,” says Darren Palmer, Ford’s head of battery electric vehicles. “This could be the point when people really notice electric [vehicles].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford’s not the only one hoping there’s a big pool of would-be buyers who aren’t interested in a Tesla or a Nissan Leaf but would happily spring for an electric version of their favorite pickup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That vehicle is going to come in and fill a void. And if it’s affordable, I mean, it’s going to be a game changer,” says Shelley Francis, co-founder of EVHybridNoire, a network of diverse electric vehicle enthusiasts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the No. 1-selling vehicle in the country just across the board; it’s also the No. 1-selling vehicle among African American communities,” she says. “Then when you think about rural communities … there’s an opportunity for this community to be part of this conversation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford’s F-150 Lightning, unveiled at a ceremony on Wednesday evening, is part of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/12/16/945626639/all-the-oomph-minus-the-vroom-electric-pickups-take-aim-at-american-market\">a spate of electric pickups\u003c/a> arriving on the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are the startups: Rivian is targeting outdoor enthusiasts with its $75,000 truck, which is poised to start deliveries next month and win the race to be the first electric pickup to market. The futuristic Tesla Cybertruck is on the way at a much lower price point, while Lordstown Motors is focusing on business customers with its upcoming vehicle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, General Motors is bringing the Hummer brand back as a top-of-the-line premium electric pickup, initially starting at more than $100,000. An electric Silverado is also in the works. And Stellantis, Chrysler’s parent company, has promised a battery-powered Ram eventually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The F-150 carries extra symbolic and economic weight. It’s America’s best-selling vehicle and has been for 40 years. Ford sells more than 1 million F-series trucks per year, raking in more than $40 billion annually, more than McDonald’s or Nike bring in as entire companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that doesn’t mean that Ford enthusiasts will automatically leap at this new vehicle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/12/16/945626639/all-the-oomph-minus-the-vroom-electric-pickups-take-aim-at-american-market\">Surveys show\u003c/a> that more than half of truck drivers are not interested in going electric, full stop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Palmer laid out Ford’s argument to skeptical V-8-loving pickup drivers using a cordless drill metaphor. It wasn’t hard to convince people to switch from old battery technology to lighter, longer-running lithium-ion drills: quite the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The functionality difference — [it] was better,” Palmer says. “Everybody wanted the best tool. It’s the same thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford argues that the perks of electrification will speak for themselves, such as the effortless torque that’s characteristic of all electric motors and the potential for new, practical features. (The hybrid F-150 has an option that allows you to run power tools off the car’s battery at a work site, for instance.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But can the electric F-150 win over regular drivers, map a path to new profits for an entire industry and prove effective in the fight against climate change?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a lot of economic, political and environmental baggage for one vehicle, no matter how powerful its towing capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Why+Ford+Unveiling+An+Electric+F-150+Is+A+Big+Deal&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>There’s a lot riding on the F-150 Lightning, the all-electric pickup that Ford unveiled Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the company, it represents a big strategic bet on the rise of electric vehicles — one that nearly every rival automaker is also making. And it’s also a symbol for the vision of America that President Biden has been promoting: made in America, pairing blue-collar roots and high-tech ambitions, fighting climate change without making compromises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The subtext was made explicit when the president visited Ford’s Rouge complex on Tuesday to tout electric vehicles in general and praise this one in particular — even taking it for a spin on the test track.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Behind all this buzz and boosterism is an incredibly daunting challenge for the auto industry. According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.iea.org/reports/net-zero-by-2050\">a report\u003c/a> out this week from the International Energy Agency, for the energy sector to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions to net zero by 2050, electric vehicles would need to go from 5% of global sales to 60% in less than a decade. Five years later, in 2035, \u003cem>all \u003c/em>new cars would need to be electric.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Automakers such as General Motors and Volvo have openly embraced that timeline, as have governments such as the United Kingdom. But a transformation of that scale raises \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/06/23/880941975/an-electric-pickup-truck-brings-new-energy-to-lordstown-ohio\">myriad challenges\u003c/a> — chargers that need to be built, supply chains that need to expand, factories that need to be retooled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for many in the auto industry, it raises a fundamental question: Can companies make electric cars that will bring \u003cem>drivers \u003c/em>on board, and fast?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford hopes that’s where the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/05/19/998268622/ford-says-electric-f-150-will-start-under-40-000-it-can-also-power-your-home\">F-150 Lightning\u003c/a> comes in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot at stake here, not just for Ford, but really for the country,” says Darren Palmer, Ford’s head of battery electric vehicles. “This could be the point when people really notice electric [vehicles].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford’s not the only one hoping there’s a big pool of would-be buyers who aren’t interested in a Tesla or a Nissan Leaf but would happily spring for an electric version of their favorite pickup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That vehicle is going to come in and fill a void. And if it’s affordable, I mean, it’s going to be a game changer,” says Shelley Francis, co-founder of EVHybridNoire, a network of diverse electric vehicle enthusiasts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the No. 1-selling vehicle in the country just across the board; it’s also the No. 1-selling vehicle among African American communities,” she says. “Then when you think about rural communities … there’s an opportunity for this community to be part of this conversation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford’s F-150 Lightning, unveiled at a ceremony on Wednesday evening, is part of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/12/16/945626639/all-the-oomph-minus-the-vroom-electric-pickups-take-aim-at-american-market\">a spate of electric pickups\u003c/a> arriving on the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are the startups: Rivian is targeting outdoor enthusiasts with its $75,000 truck, which is poised to start deliveries next month and win the race to be the first electric pickup to market. The futuristic Tesla Cybertruck is on the way at a much lower price point, while Lordstown Motors is focusing on business customers with its upcoming vehicle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, General Motors is bringing the Hummer brand back as a top-of-the-line premium electric pickup, initially starting at more than $100,000. An electric Silverado is also in the works. And Stellantis, Chrysler’s parent company, has promised a battery-powered Ram eventually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The F-150 carries extra symbolic and economic weight. It’s America’s best-selling vehicle and has been for 40 years. Ford sells more than 1 million F-series trucks per year, raking in more than $40 billion annually, more than McDonald’s or Nike bring in as entire companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that doesn’t mean that Ford enthusiasts will automatically leap at this new vehicle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/12/16/945626639/all-the-oomph-minus-the-vroom-electric-pickups-take-aim-at-american-market\">Surveys show\u003c/a> that more than half of truck drivers are not interested in going electric, full stop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Palmer laid out Ford’s argument to skeptical V-8-loving pickup drivers using a cordless drill metaphor. It wasn’t hard to convince people to switch from old battery technology to lighter, longer-running lithium-ion drills: quite the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The functionality difference — [it] was better,” Palmer says. “Everybody wanted the best tool. It’s the same thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford argues that the perks of electrification will speak for themselves, such as the effortless torque that’s characteristic of all electric motors and the potential for new, practical features. (The hybrid F-150 has an option that allows you to run power tools off the car’s battery at a work site, for instance.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But can the electric F-150 win over regular drivers, map a path to new profits for an entire industry and prove effective in the fight against climate change?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a lot of economic, political and environmental baggage for one vehicle, no matter how powerful its towing capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Why+Ford+Unveiling+An+Electric+F-150+Is+A+Big+Deal&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "One Counterintuitive Idea in Newsom's Budget: Climate Solutions Are About Neighborhoods Thriving",
"headTitle": "One Counterintuitive Idea in Newsom’s Budget: Climate Solutions Are About Neighborhoods Thriving | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hidden within Gov. Gavin Newsom’s $100 billion \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/FullBudgetSummary.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">revised budget proposal\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">released last Friday, is an idea about climate change that is extremely counterintuitive:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It’s about happiness and letting people thrive,” said \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandca.gov/staff/alexandria-mc-bride\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alexandria McBride\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, chief resilience officer for the city of Oakland. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Newsom wants to spend more than $11 billion to “soften the edges” of the impacts of climate change, helping people adapt their lives to wildfires, sea level rise, drought, heat and more.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">His plan includes money to slow both the immediate and long-term threats of a warming world, potentially spending on everything from drought preparedness to additional firefighters to accelerating progress toward the state’s goal of putting 5 million zero-emission vehicles on the road by 2030.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Newsom is also seeking community partnerships through grants to cities, counties and schools to address issues like lack of trees and heat islands — urban settings that experience higher temperatures than outlying areas. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Along with helping the state attain climate goals like reaching carbon neutrality by 2045, some of the funding is also meant to help communities develop solutions to meet local needs.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It’s the communities that are going to know best how to resolve their problems,” said \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://sgc.ca.gov/about/staff/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jessica Buendia\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, acting executive director for the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://sgc.ca.gov/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">California Strategic Growth Council\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Newsom’s proposal includes a $420 million investment over three years in the state’s \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://sgc.ca.gov/programs/tcc/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Transformative Climate Communities Program\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, or TCC, a significant expenditure after the program received zero funding last year, when many key climate proposals were stripped from the budget because of the pandemic’s economic toll.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The state program is designed to empower the communities hardest hit by warming temperatures by allowing them to choose their own solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Already, since 2018, agencies and groups within Fresno, Los Angeles, Oakland, Ontario, Riverside, Sacramento, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.capradio.org/articles/2020/12/19/the-vibe-of-it-all-turning-stockton-into-an-oasis-of-joy/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Stockton \u003c/span>\u003c/a>and the \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Fernando Valley have won $227 million to start community-level climate adaptation work funded by the program. An additional $3 million has been awarded to 18 communities for planning grants under the program.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Residents are actually making the decisions about affordable housing developments in their communities, urban green spaces, food access, clean energy options,” Buendia said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1974835\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/Project-Map-scaled-e1621531815170.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1974835 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/Project-Map-800x518.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"518\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Last year, Oakland was awarded a $28.2 million grant for the Better Neighborhoods, Same Neighbors program in East Oakland. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the City of Oakland.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>‘Access to the Happiness’\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Last year, Oakland was awarded a $28.2 million grant for the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandca.gov/news/2020/city-of-oakland-cbos-awarded-28-2-million-grant-for-transformative-east-oakland-projects\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Better Neighborhoods, Same Neighbors\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> program in East Oakland. Residents, community organizations and the city came up with a plan to advance climate solutions and neighborhood development without displacing residents.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mayor Libby Schaaf \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandca.gov/news/2020/city-of-oakland-cbos-awarded-28-2-million-grant-for-transformative-east-oakland-projects\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">said\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> the project envisions safe and accessible transportation, green neighborhoods and a thriving arts scene, all while ensuring that “housing is a human right for existing East Oakland residents.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The state-funded community plan comprises five projects: 55 green affordable housing units with a health clinic underneath them; turning a concrete barrier into a 1.2-mile trail called the San Leandro Creek Urban Greenway; planting 2,000 trees within the project area; an aquaponics farm and food hub; and a local art bike-share project. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For McBride, Oakland’s chief resilience officer, this climate work is about restoring a community’s joy in the middle of the climate crisis.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“When we talk about making people happy, in order for us to really do that, we have to ensure that everyone has access to the happiness,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">McBride says planning for climate change from the bottom up instead of only relying on statewide goals allows for dealing with multiple issues, such as housing, food insecurity and heat islands. In the grant application, city planners and community leaders made sure climate solutions also benefit people’s lives. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“People of color care as equally about climate change as people who are coming from different backgrounds,” McBride said. “If you’re low income or a person of color, you have different outcomes. TCC begins to disrupt and pay back into that system.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1974836\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1974836\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/Oakland-gardening-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/Oakland-gardening-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/Oakland-gardening-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/Oakland-gardening-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/Oakland-gardening-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/Oakland-gardening-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/Oakland-gardening.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The East Oakland project includes an art bike program, an aquaponics farm, 2,000 trees to be planted and 55 green housing units. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the City of Oakland.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>A Mutual Vision\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The extra funds could open the door for 15 more of the state’s most disadvantaged communities to start community-led climate work, said \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://opr.ca.gov/about/staff/director-bio.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kate Gordon\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, senior climate adviser to the governor. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She says the projects help create a mutual vision of meeting climate goals while also helping some of the most vulnerable communities in the state. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“This is really a demonstration of how this work can be done on the ground,” Gordon said on a press call about the May budget revision.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Newsom’s latest budget proposal also includes $750 million to establish the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.opr.ca.gov/news/2021/05-14.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Community Economic Resilience Fund\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for planning grants going to regions of the state recovering from the economic downturn caused by the COVID-19 pandemic while transitioning to a carbon-neutral economy.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Legislature still has to approve the governor’s updated budget. Even more funding for community-level climate adaptation solutions is needed, says \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://greenlining.org/about/our-team/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alvaro Sanchez\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, vice president of policy for the Greenlining Institute, an Oakland-based advocacy organization focusing on economic opportunity for and empowerment of communities of color.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“This is catalyzing the kind of climate action that we need in California, which is one that follows what communities that are most impacted need,” Sanchez said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sanchez recognizes the state investment is just a start, but he says the funding could help relieve the stressors of climate change in areas like Richmond, West Oakland and many other communities.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It’s also about self-determination, and I think that’s what’s been lacking in our climate strategies,” he said. “I think people that are most impacted feel like things are happening to them, without them, and TCC allows those people to feel like they are part of the solution.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Hidden within Gov. Gavin Newsom’s $100 billion revised budget proposal is an idea that's extremely counterintuitive: Climate solutions should be about enabling people to thrive. ",
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"description": "Hidden within Gov. Gavin Newsom’s $100 billion revised budget proposal is an idea that's extremely counterintuitive: Climate solutions should be about enabling people to thrive. ",
"title": "One Counterintuitive Idea in Newsom's Budget: Climate Solutions Are About Neighborhoods Thriving | KQED",
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"headline": "One Counterintuitive Idea in Newsom's Budget: Climate Solutions Are About Neighborhoods Thriving",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hidden within Gov. Gavin Newsom’s $100 billion \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/FullBudgetSummary.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">revised budget proposal\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">released last Friday, is an idea about climate change that is extremely counterintuitive:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It’s about happiness and letting people thrive,” said \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandca.gov/staff/alexandria-mc-bride\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alexandria McBride\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, chief resilience officer for the city of Oakland. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Newsom wants to spend more than $11 billion to “soften the edges” of the impacts of climate change, helping people adapt their lives to wildfires, sea level rise, drought, heat and more.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">His plan includes money to slow both the immediate and long-term threats of a warming world, potentially spending on everything from drought preparedness to additional firefighters to accelerating progress toward the state’s goal of putting 5 million zero-emission vehicles on the road by 2030.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Newsom is also seeking community partnerships through grants to cities, counties and schools to address issues like lack of trees and heat islands — urban settings that experience higher temperatures than outlying areas. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Along with helping the state attain climate goals like reaching carbon neutrality by 2045, some of the funding is also meant to help communities develop solutions to meet local needs.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It’s the communities that are going to know best how to resolve their problems,” said \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://sgc.ca.gov/about/staff/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Jessica Buendia\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, acting executive director for the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://sgc.ca.gov/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">California Strategic Growth Council\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Newsom’s proposal includes a $420 million investment over three years in the state’s \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://sgc.ca.gov/programs/tcc/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Transformative Climate Communities Program\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, or TCC, a significant expenditure after the program received zero funding last year, when many key climate proposals were stripped from the budget because of the pandemic’s economic toll.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The state program is designed to empower the communities hardest hit by warming temperatures by allowing them to choose their own solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Already, since 2018, agencies and groups within Fresno, Los Angeles, Oakland, Ontario, Riverside, Sacramento, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.capradio.org/articles/2020/12/19/the-vibe-of-it-all-turning-stockton-into-an-oasis-of-joy/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Stockton \u003c/span>\u003c/a>and the \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Fernando Valley have won $227 million to start community-level climate adaptation work funded by the program. An additional $3 million has been awarded to 18 communities for planning grants under the program.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Residents are actually making the decisions about affordable housing developments in their communities, urban green spaces, food access, clean energy options,” Buendia said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1974835\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/Project-Map-scaled-e1621531815170.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1974835 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/Project-Map-800x518.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"518\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Last year, Oakland was awarded a $28.2 million grant for the Better Neighborhoods, Same Neighbors program in East Oakland. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the City of Oakland.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>‘Access to the Happiness’\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Last year, Oakland was awarded a $28.2 million grant for the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandca.gov/news/2020/city-of-oakland-cbos-awarded-28-2-million-grant-for-transformative-east-oakland-projects\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Better Neighborhoods, Same Neighbors\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> program in East Oakland. Residents, community organizations and the city came up with a plan to advance climate solutions and neighborhood development without displacing residents.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mayor Libby Schaaf \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandca.gov/news/2020/city-of-oakland-cbos-awarded-28-2-million-grant-for-transformative-east-oakland-projects\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">said\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> the project envisions safe and accessible transportation, green neighborhoods and a thriving arts scene, all while ensuring that “housing is a human right for existing East Oakland residents.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The state-funded community plan comprises five projects: 55 green affordable housing units with a health clinic underneath them; turning a concrete barrier into a 1.2-mile trail called the San Leandro Creek Urban Greenway; planting 2,000 trees within the project area; an aquaponics farm and food hub; and a local art bike-share project. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For McBride, Oakland’s chief resilience officer, this climate work is about restoring a community’s joy in the middle of the climate crisis.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“When we talk about making people happy, in order for us to really do that, we have to ensure that everyone has access to the happiness,” she said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">McBride says planning for climate change from the bottom up instead of only relying on statewide goals allows for dealing with multiple issues, such as housing, food insecurity and heat islands. In the grant application, city planners and community leaders made sure climate solutions also benefit people’s lives. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“People of color care as equally about climate change as people who are coming from different backgrounds,” McBride said. “If you’re low income or a person of color, you have different outcomes. TCC begins to disrupt and pay back into that system.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1974836\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1974836\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/Oakland-gardening-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/Oakland-gardening-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/Oakland-gardening-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/Oakland-gardening-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/Oakland-gardening-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/Oakland-gardening-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/Oakland-gardening.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The East Oakland project includes an art bike program, an aquaponics farm, 2,000 trees to be planted and 55 green housing units. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the City of Oakland.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>A Mutual Vision\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The extra funds could open the door for 15 more of the state’s most disadvantaged communities to start community-led climate work, said \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://opr.ca.gov/about/staff/director-bio.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kate Gordon\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, senior climate adviser to the governor. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She says the projects help create a mutual vision of meeting climate goals while also helping some of the most vulnerable communities in the state. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“This is really a demonstration of how this work can be done on the ground,” Gordon said on a press call about the May budget revision.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Newsom’s latest budget proposal also includes $750 million to establish the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.opr.ca.gov/news/2021/05-14.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Community Economic Resilience Fund\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for planning grants going to regions of the state recovering from the economic downturn caused by the COVID-19 pandemic while transitioning to a carbon-neutral economy.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Legislature still has to approve the governor’s updated budget. Even more funding for community-level climate adaptation solutions is needed, says \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://greenlining.org/about/our-team/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alvaro Sanchez\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, vice president of policy for the Greenlining Institute, an Oakland-based advocacy organization focusing on economic opportunity for and empowerment of communities of color.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“This is catalyzing the kind of climate action that we need in California, which is one that follows what communities that are most impacted need,” Sanchez said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sanchez recognizes the state investment is just a start, but he says the funding could help relieve the stressors of climate change in areas like Richmond, West Oakland and many other communities.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It’s also about self-determination, and I think that’s what’s been lacking in our climate strategies,” he said. “I think people that are most impacted feel like things are happening to them, without them, and TCC allows those people to feel like they are part of the solution.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "A Scorching Summer Looms as California Girds Against Power Outages",
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"content": "\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">California’s top energy regulators on Tuesday said the state is better prepared to avoid last summer’s rotating blackouts, but they cautioned the power grid of the nation’s most populous state is still vulnerable to extreme heat waves that could force more outages later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">State officials say they have acquired an additional 3,500 megawatts of capacity ahead of a likely scorching summer that threatens to increase demand beyond what the grid can handle. That includes an additional 2,000 megawatts of batteries designed to store energy generated from renewable sources — like solar — that stop working when it gets dark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11836990/pge-shutoffs-are-here-again-what-to-know-about-power-outages-today\">\u003cstrong>Related: How to Prepare for Power Outages in Your Area\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">In general, 1 megawatt of energy is enough to power hundreds of homes, depending on how it is generated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">“Does that mean we are in the clear? Not necessarily,” Elliot Mainzer, president and CEO of the California Independent System Operator, told state lawmakers during an oversight hearing Tuesday. “The most significant risk factor for grid reliability remains extreme heat, particularly heat that spreads across the wider western United States. And it continues to get hotter every year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">More than an inconvenience, power outages during a major heat wave can also be deadly for vulnerable people while causing a host of other problems in a digital age that relies on electricity for everything from business transactions to Facebook posts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">Blackouts have become more common in California as utility companies will often intentionally turn off the power when it gets too windy in the dry summer months to prevent toppled power lines from starting wildfires — like the one that killed 85 people and mostly destroyed the town of Paradise in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">But the blackouts in August were the first in nearly 20 years because of an energy shortage, putting California’s quest to have 100% of its energy come from renewable sources under more scrutiny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">“This summer will be an important test for the state,” said Assemblyman Chris Holden, a Democrat from Pasadena and chair of the Assembly Utilities and Energy Committee. “California is at the vanguard of renewable energy policy. The nation and the world are watching to see how we integrate renewables but also that we can ensure reliability while doing so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">California’s plan to survive the summer includes buying power from places “that are not clean resources,” Marybel Batjer, president of the California Public Utilities Commission, told lawmakers on Tuesday. She did not say what those sources were, but she said regulators chose to buy them because they wanted to do everything they could to prevent blackouts this summer out of “health and safety concerns.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">“I want to be clear that our planning and implementation of our clean energy future progresses forward and will only accelerate in the months and years to come,” Batjer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">Another round of blackouts could pose political concerns for Gov. Gavin Newsom, who will likely face a recall election later this year. In 2003, former Democratic Gov. Gray Davis was removed from office in a recall election largely driven by his handling of rolling blackouts, which were prompted by the deregulation of the energy sector and market manipulation by Enron and other companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">Newsom’s recall election is driven largely by anger over his handling of the pandemic. But rolling blackouts, however brief, could hurt him as he seeks to inspire confidence in voters that he deserves to keep his job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">Energy demand typically peaks in the late afternoon as air conditioners work to cool homes during the hottest part of the day. Demand usually subsides at night as temperatures cool. But that didn’t happen in August, when temperatures were up to 20 degrees above normal for much of the western United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">Demand was so high the weekend of Aug. 14 and 15 that state regulators ordered utility companies to intentionally turn off the power for some people to prevent more widespread outages across the grid, with outages lasting between 8 minutes and two-and-a-half hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">Newsom declared a state emergency as state officials took drastic actions to find more power. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">California’s top energy regulators on Tuesday said the state is better prepared to avoid last summer’s rotating blackouts, but they cautioned the power grid of the nation’s most populous state is still vulnerable to extreme heat waves that could force more outages later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">State officials say they have acquired an additional 3,500 megawatts of capacity ahead of a likely scorching summer that threatens to increase demand beyond what the grid can handle. That includes an additional 2,000 megawatts of batteries designed to store energy generated from renewable sources — like solar — that stop working when it gets dark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11836990/pge-shutoffs-are-here-again-what-to-know-about-power-outages-today\">\u003cstrong>Related: How to Prepare for Power Outages in Your Area\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">In general, 1 megawatt of energy is enough to power hundreds of homes, depending on how it is generated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">“Does that mean we are in the clear? Not necessarily,” Elliot Mainzer, president and CEO of the California Independent System Operator, told state lawmakers during an oversight hearing Tuesday. “The most significant risk factor for grid reliability remains extreme heat, particularly heat that spreads across the wider western United States. And it continues to get hotter every year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">More than an inconvenience, power outages during a major heat wave can also be deadly for vulnerable people while causing a host of other problems in a digital age that relies on electricity for everything from business transactions to Facebook posts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">Blackouts have become more common in California as utility companies will often intentionally turn off the power when it gets too windy in the dry summer months to prevent toppled power lines from starting wildfires — like the one that killed 85 people and mostly destroyed the town of Paradise in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">But the blackouts in August were the first in nearly 20 years because of an energy shortage, putting California’s quest to have 100% of its energy come from renewable sources under more scrutiny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">“This summer will be an important test for the state,” said Assemblyman Chris Holden, a Democrat from Pasadena and chair of the Assembly Utilities and Energy Committee. “California is at the vanguard of renewable energy policy. The nation and the world are watching to see how we integrate renewables but also that we can ensure reliability while doing so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">California’s plan to survive the summer includes buying power from places “that are not clean resources,” Marybel Batjer, president of the California Public Utilities Commission, told lawmakers on Tuesday. She did not say what those sources were, but she said regulators chose to buy them because they wanted to do everything they could to prevent blackouts this summer out of “health and safety concerns.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">“I want to be clear that our planning and implementation of our clean energy future progresses forward and will only accelerate in the months and years to come,” Batjer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">Another round of blackouts could pose political concerns for Gov. Gavin Newsom, who will likely face a recall election later this year. In 2003, former Democratic Gov. Gray Davis was removed from office in a recall election largely driven by his handling of rolling blackouts, which were prompted by the deregulation of the energy sector and market manipulation by Enron and other companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">Newsom’s recall election is driven largely by anger over his handling of the pandemic. But rolling blackouts, however brief, could hurt him as he seeks to inspire confidence in voters that he deserves to keep his job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">Energy demand typically peaks in the late afternoon as air conditioners work to cool homes during the hottest part of the day. Demand usually subsides at night as temperatures cool. But that didn’t happen in August, when temperatures were up to 20 degrees above normal for much of the western United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">Demand was so high the weekend of Aug. 14 and 15 that state regulators ordered utility companies to intentionally turn off the power for some people to prevent more widespread outages across the grid, with outages lasting between 8 minutes and two-and-a-half hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">Newsom declared a state emergency as state officials took drastic actions to find more power. That included David Hochschild, chair of the California Energy Commission, asking the U.S. Navy to use their diesel engines to power their ships instead of relying from on-shore power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"Component-root-0-2-85 Component-p-0-2-76\">“There was a lot of things we had to do that none of us wants to do again,” Batjer said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003cem>The devilish caterpillars of the pipevine swallowtail butterfly *devour* the California pipevine, never mind that the plant is trying to poison them. Their butterfly moms don’t pollinate the pipevine in return, though. So the vine traps unlucky gnats in its labyrinthine flowers to do the job.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>This is the story of a love triangle between a plant, a striking butterfly and an intrepid – though unlucky – gnat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like every good love story … it has plant sex, deceit, and even an attempted poisoning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the center of this triangle is the California pipevine. Its supple vines wind around other plants or structures, like this arbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also known as the California Dutchman’s pipe because its flowers are curved in the shape of a tobacco pipe. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then there’s these “lips.” Oh hello, gorgeous!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vine grows heart-shaped leaves, but don’t be fooled. The plant produces poisonous compounds that could cause kidney cancer if you ate it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the California pipevine swallowtail butterfly loves it, even though the vine is trying to poison the butterfly’s babies. Talk about a toxic relationship! \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These Bay Area botanical gardens have the California pipevine on display and sometimes for sale. They also occasionally teach classes on how to propagate the plant:\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://botanicalgarden.berkeley.edu/\">University of California Botanical Garden at Berkeley\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/tilden/botanic_garden.htm\">Regional Parks Botanic Garden in Tilden Regional Park, in Berkeley\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfbg.org/\">San Francisco Botanical Garden\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through his \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/CaliforniaPipevineSwallowtail/\">California Pipevine Swallowtail Project page on Facebook\u003c/a>, San Francisco biologist Tim Wong shares tips on growing California pipevine to attract the butterflies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The caterpillars have evolved to depend on the vine. It’s their only food. And they turn its poison into their own weapon. As they chomp away, they accumulate the toxins in their bodies and make themselves noxious to predators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bright orange screams “I can make you sick!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even the butterfly’s eggs are crusted with toxins. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After hatching, the caterpillars feast side by side. Scientists call this gregarious behavior. They’re not just being social. Feeding together helps them get bigger faster, though scientists don’t know exactly why. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the faster they grow, the sooner they’ll stock up on those defensive compounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So does the pipevine get anything out of this deal? Pollination by the butterflies, maybe? Nope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They drink nectar from other flowers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when the pipevine’s flowers come out in early spring, they lure in and trap tiny flies called fungus gnats. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flowers entice them with a mushroomy aroma that reminds the gnats of the fungi they feed on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once in there, it’s really hard to get out. Here’s what it looks like inside the flower, from the bottom of the pipe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the actual exit … the way it got in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this is where the flower keeps its pollen. It *could* be a way out, all lit up by the sun. So, the gnat flies up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It gets stuck, at least for a bit. But the flower doesn’t eat it, like a carnivorous plant would. The flower only needs to keep it hostage until some pollen grains attach to the fly’s hairs. This is called deceptive pollination. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many gnats the ordeal is too much. They don’t make it out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some do escape. If one falls for the same pipevine trick again and gets caught in another flower … boom! Pollination. That flower will turn into a seed-carrying fruit that will eventually lead to new places for this butterfly to lay her eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’ll never know the debt of gratitude she owes a certain disoriented gnat.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cbr>\nADDITIONAL RESOURCES\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These Bay Area botanical gardens have the California pipevine on display and sometimes for sale. They also occasionally teach classes on how to propagate the plant:\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://botanicalgarden.berkeley.edu/\">University of California Botanical Garden at Berkeley\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/tilden/botanic_garden.htm\">Regional Parks Botanic Garden in Tilden Regional Park, in Berkeley\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfbg.org/\">San Francisco Botanical Garden\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through his \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/CaliforniaPipevineSwallowtail/\">California Pipevine Swallowtail Project page on Facebook\u003c/a>, San Francisco biologist Tim Wong shares tips on growing California pipevine to attract the butterflies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The caterpillars have evolved to depend on the vine. It’s their only food. And they turn its poison into their own weapon. As they chomp away, they accumulate the toxins in their bodies and make themselves noxious to predators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bright orange screams “I can make you sick!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even the butterfly’s eggs are crusted with toxins. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After hatching, the caterpillars feast side by side. Scientists call this gregarious behavior. They’re not just being social. Feeding together helps them get bigger faster, though scientists don’t know exactly why. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the faster they grow, the sooner they’ll stock up on those defensive compounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So does the pipevine get anything out of this deal? Pollination by the butterflies, maybe? Nope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They drink nectar from other flowers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when the pipevine’s flowers come out in early spring, they lure in and trap tiny flies called fungus gnats. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flowers entice them with a mushroomy aroma that reminds the gnats of the fungi they feed on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once in there, it’s really hard to get out. Here’s what it looks like inside the flower, from the bottom of the pipe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the actual exit … the way it got in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this is where the flower keeps its pollen. It *could* be a way out, all lit up by the sun. So, the gnat flies up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It gets stuck, at least for a bit. But the flower doesn’t eat it, like a carnivorous plant would. The flower only needs to keep it hostage until some pollen grains attach to the fly’s hairs. This is called deceptive pollination. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many gnats the ordeal is too much. They don’t make it out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some do escape. If one falls for the same pipevine trick again and gets caught in another flower … boom! Pollination. That flower will turn into a seed-carrying fruit that will eventually lead to new places for this butterfly to lay her eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’ll never know the debt of gratitude she owes a certain disoriented gnat.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873973\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 816px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/2020CA_usdm_fast-1.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11873973 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/2020CA_usdm_fast-1.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"816\" height=\"816\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">National Drought Mitigation Center\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With very few big storms this winter across the state, extreme drought now grips much of California, including the entire Bay Area. Water restrictions are in effect in 41 counties, and thousands of people are under evacuation orders in Southern California as a brush fire in the Palisades continues to burn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s parched condition is the result of multiple dry years and a lack of big storms, called atmospheric rivers, that douse the state with rain and snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With summer fast approaching, Jeff Nothwehr, GIS and web specialist for the \u003ca href=\"https://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">National Drought Mitigation Center\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, created an animated gif for KQED showing the progression of California’s drought conditions since last September.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area received roughly half of its normal precipitation in 2019-20, followed by around 40% of normal this year, says Brian Garcia, a meteorologist with the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">National Weather Service San Francisco Bay Area\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we don’t see atmospheric rivers during the winter months, we are in a world of hurt for precipitation for water in our state,” he said. “This year, we saw one atmospheric river really make its way across a portion of the Bay Area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia said there’s little hope for significant rain this summer across California, adding that “there is a 0% chance, statistically speaking” that the state’s water levels could rise to a normal level by the end of September, when the official water year ends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would need almost 14 inches in downtown San Francisco to reach normal, and there is not a chance we’re gonna get that through the rest of the water year,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Garcia says the outlook for a forthcoming wetter winter is better, and that climate models predict a “better shot” of more atmospheric rivers forming next winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It looks like a much more normal type of season next year,” he said. “As we get deeper into summer and into early fall that picture will become more and more clear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can check out the probability of recovering from drought for a specific location based on historic data at the Western Regional Climate Center’s \u003ca href=\"https://wrcc.dri.edu/col/index/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">website.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED compiled a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1974669/the-entire-bay-area-is-in-extreme-drought-heres-what-your-local-water-supplier-is-doing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">list\u003c/a> of Bay Area water agencies calling for water restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11873973\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 816px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/2020CA_usdm_fast-1.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11873973 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/2020CA_usdm_fast-1.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"816\" height=\"816\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">National Drought Mitigation Center\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With very few big storms this winter across the state, extreme drought now grips much of California, including the entire Bay Area. Water restrictions are in effect in 41 counties, and thousands of people are under evacuation orders in Southern California as a brush fire in the Palisades continues to burn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s parched condition is the result of multiple dry years and a lack of big storms, called atmospheric rivers, that douse the state with rain and snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With summer fast approaching, Jeff Nothwehr, GIS and web specialist for the \u003ca href=\"https://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">National Drought Mitigation Center\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, created an animated gif for KQED showing the progression of California’s drought conditions since last September.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area received roughly half of its normal precipitation in 2019-20, followed by around 40% of normal this year, says Brian Garcia, a meteorologist with the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">National Weather Service San Francisco Bay Area\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we don’t see atmospheric rivers during the winter months, we are in a world of hurt for precipitation for water in our state,” he said. “This year, we saw one atmospheric river really make its way across a portion of the Bay Area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia said there’s little hope for significant rain this summer across California, adding that “there is a 0% chance, statistically speaking” that the state’s water levels could rise to a normal level by the end of September, when the official water year ends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would need almost 14 inches in downtown San Francisco to reach normal, and there is not a chance we’re gonna get that through the rest of the water year,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Garcia says the outlook for a forthcoming wetter winter is better, and that climate models predict a “better shot” of more atmospheric rivers forming next winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It looks like a much more normal type of season next year,” he said. “As we get deeper into summer and into early fall that picture will become more and more clear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can check out the probability of recovering from drought for a specific location based on historic data at the Western Regional Climate Center’s \u003ca href=\"https://wrcc.dri.edu/col/index/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">website.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED compiled a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1974669/the-entire-bay-area-is-in-extreme-drought-heres-what-your-local-water-supplier-is-doing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">list\u003c/a> of Bay Area water agencies calling for water restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Last Year's Santa Cruz Lightning Fires Still Causing Trouble",
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"content": "\u003cp>A small fire in the Santa Cruz Mountains started on May 2 because of a flare-up inside a tree that had burned in last year’s CZU Lightning Complex fires. Those fires raged for more than 40 days, consumed over 85,000 acres and destroyed about 7,000 buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunday’s Basin Fire ignited from embers that had smoldered for roughly eight months inside a 30-foot tree with a 6-foot diameter. The fire burned through about 7 acres and was quickly contained by Cal Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, the fire agency conducted an infrared-mapping flight that identified several similar hot spots within the CZU burn scar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our crews have been hiking into each identified location,” said Jonathan Cox, deputy chief of the agency’s San Mateo division, in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coastal California around the Bay Area received less than half its average rainfall this past winter. “When you have that type of setup, these fuels can smolder,” said Scott Stephens, a fire scientist at UC Berkeley. “And they could smolder for many months.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incident is not the only flare-up this year. Last week, scientists with Sequoia National Park \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2021/05/06/sequoia-national-park-tree-still-burning-after-2020-castle-fire/4973223001/\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">found\u003c/span>\u003c/a> a giant tree still beset by flameless burning in the remote Board Camp Grove, nine months after it was scorched during last summer’s Castle Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flare-ups are not uncommon in thickly forested places after wildfires have ripped through areas with heavy fuels. Coals remain warm and deep within big logs, root balls, and rotten material buried underground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the weather warms up and trees, brush and grasses dry out, these embers can flare up and ignite new fires. At times, they spread and burn dangerously out of control. That’s how the 1991 \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/about/history/the_oakland_hills_firestorm___forward.htm\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Oakland Hills Firestorm \u003c/span>\u003c/a>began, Stephens says, which eventually spread to consume 2.5 square miles of neighborhoods off Grizzly Peak Boulevard and Claremont Canyon, killing 25 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Generally, agencies will go around the edges of big fires and do a mop-up operation, trying to get rid of all of those smoldering areas,” Stephens said. “Maybe 200 feet, 300 feet from the fire line. But the interior of those big giant fires are not going to be mopped up. They’re just too large.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lack of substantial winter rain has left much of the state parched in drought conditions, especially in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last weekend the National Weather Service issued a rare spring red flag warning across the inland hills of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCLA climate scientist Daniel Swain says California is drier than it was at “any point during the last drought, which is kind of shocking, because things got pretty bad then.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the dry conditions are a “very alarming signal” in terms of the health of forests and wildfire risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re going to see increased forest mortality, and we’re going to reap the wildfire impacts, unfortunately, later in the season,” he said.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More fires have ignited earlier this year than last year in the state, but spring fires tend to be smaller and less dangerous. Swain says conditions are primed for a particularly severe fire season, once again, in most of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/CALFIRE_PIO/status/1390000487018209280?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year’s season was so bad due to extreme heat and dryness, but it was August’s dry lightning storms that sparked hundreds of fires, including the summer’s largest and most catastrophic wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m hopeful that we won’t have that simultaneous ignition of hundreds of fires in August coupled with one of the hottest heat waves on record,” Swain said. “My fingers are crossed. Statistically, we should be able to avoid it. The odds aren’t high. But that doesn’t mean we won’t see something similar.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A small fire in the Santa Cruz Mountains started on May 2 because of a flare-up inside a tree that had burned in last year’s CZU Lightning Complex fires. Those fires raged for more than 40 days, consumed over 85,000 acres and destroyed about 7,000 buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunday’s Basin Fire ignited from embers that had smoldered for roughly eight months inside a 30-foot tree with a 6-foot diameter. The fire burned through about 7 acres and was quickly contained by Cal Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, the fire agency conducted an infrared-mapping flight that identified several similar hot spots within the CZU burn scar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our crews have been hiking into each identified location,” said Jonathan Cox, deputy chief of the agency’s San Mateo division, in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coastal California around the Bay Area received less than half its average rainfall this past winter. “When you have that type of setup, these fuels can smolder,” said Scott Stephens, a fire scientist at UC Berkeley. “And they could smolder for many months.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incident is not the only flare-up this year. Last week, scientists with Sequoia National Park \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2021/05/06/sequoia-national-park-tree-still-burning-after-2020-castle-fire/4973223001/\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">found\u003c/span>\u003c/a> a giant tree still beset by flameless burning in the remote Board Camp Grove, nine months after it was scorched during last summer’s Castle Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flare-ups are not uncommon in thickly forested places after wildfires have ripped through areas with heavy fuels. Coals remain warm and deep within big logs, root balls, and rotten material buried underground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the weather warms up and trees, brush and grasses dry out, these embers can flare up and ignite new fires. At times, they spread and burn dangerously out of control. That’s how the 1991 \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/about/history/the_oakland_hills_firestorm___forward.htm\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Oakland Hills Firestorm \u003c/span>\u003c/a>began, Stephens says, which eventually spread to consume 2.5 square miles of neighborhoods off Grizzly Peak Boulevard and Claremont Canyon, killing 25 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Generally, agencies will go around the edges of big fires and do a mop-up operation, trying to get rid of all of those smoldering areas,” Stephens said. “Maybe 200 feet, 300 feet from the fire line. But the interior of those big giant fires are not going to be mopped up. They’re just too large.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lack of substantial winter rain has left much of the state parched in drought conditions, especially in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last weekend the National Weather Service issued a rare spring red flag warning across the inland hills of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCLA climate scientist Daniel Swain says California is drier than it was at “any point during the last drought, which is kind of shocking, because things got pretty bad then.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the dry conditions are a “very alarming signal” in terms of the health of forests and wildfire risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re going to see increased forest mortality, and we’re going to reap the wildfire impacts, unfortunately, later in the season,” he said.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More fires have ignited earlier this year than last year in the state, but spring fires tend to be smaller and less dangerous. Swain says conditions are primed for a particularly severe fire season, once again, in most of the state.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Last year’s season was so bad due to extreme heat and dryness, but it was August’s dry lightning storms that sparked hundreds of fires, including the summer’s largest and most catastrophic wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m hopeful that we won’t have that simultaneous ignition of hundreds of fires in August coupled with one of the hottest heat waves on record,” Swain said. “My fingers are crossed. Statistically, we should be able to avoid it. The odds aren’t high. But that doesn’t mean we won’t see something similar.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Signs of gratitude, literally, adorn the Fresno County mountain town of Shaver Lake, population 500 plus a collection of cabins, restaurants and real estate offices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside of Bob’s Market, the message is: “Thank you, Creek Fire Heroes,” adjacent to a photo of firefighters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The town today is an island of green pines, surrounded by charred hills and the burnt remains of trees. Yet the signs of gratitude, while well-deserved, could also rightly extend to a mostly unheralded group of workers who labored in advance of flames bearing down on the area from the raging Creek Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Saved by Fire\" postID=\"science_1973138,science_1973196\"]That fire started on Sept. 4, 2020, the Friday before Labor Day. After a hot, dry summer, all it took was a spark in a steep, overgrown canyon to ignite what turned into an explosive blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having a fire in this canyon was kind of a nightmare,” said Ryan Stewart, a forester for the utility Southern California Edison, looking down a steep hillside, which as of September was overgrown with thick brush. “You look at it and you go: ‘I don’t know how they’re going to stop that fire.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SoCal Edison owns a lot of property to the south of the canyon, around Shaver Lake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Creek Fire started, Stewart “was kind of just thinking in the back of my mind, ‘I wonder what they’re doing over there, because I got it over here. But over there it’s a different story.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-1971660\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/KQEDSCIENCE_CRKFR-1.gif\" alt=\"Groundwater Rise\" width=\"400\" height=\"720\">Over “there” are the forests around Big Creek, where half the homes burned. The “here” Stewart referred to is the forest where he and his colleagues have treated the landscape for years, cutting crowded and dead trees, clearing brush and lighting prescribed fires. All that work, performed in preparation for the next big wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the fire struck, Cal Fire Assistant Chief Jim McDougald, who’d just returned home from fighting fires in Sonoma County, had been forced to head out in the middle of the night to do yet more battle with a conflagration. While driving he spotted the glow from miles away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that was a clue to me it had the potential to become a major fire,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stewart says he got the call from McDougald around 2 a.m., telling him the fire was headed up the hill toward SoCal Edison property. “I knew that, OK, well, we’ve got a good chance of stopping it once it gets on Edison lands,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McDougald also thought the fire could be stopped there. “The best tool at that time was to try to get dozers in there and open up some of the fuel breaks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stewart arrived at the property in the dead of night and began tying pink flags to trees, marking spots where fire breaks should be widened. Many of the pink flags are still in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that line is where crews held it during the first hours of the Creek Fire incident. Once the flames crossed over into the treated lands, the fire’s behavior rapidly changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The intensity of the fire was reduced to a ground fire, and we didn’t get into the crowns, didn’t kill any of the trees,” said Stewart, surveying the land last winter. “Looks pretty good. It’s actually pretty much a controlled burn.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The diminution rapidly halted one flank of the fire. And, McDougald says, it bought time to complete evacuations and prepare to defend Shaver Lake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No question about it … that work bought the direct impact of the fire hitting Shaver at least 24 to 48 hours,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the fire continued to spread in other directions, drawing McDougald’s attention elsewhere. He knew he needed help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Creek Fire surged, Clint Wade, a fuels specialist for the High Sierra Ranger District of the Sierra National Forest, was working a different fire in the Los Padres National Forest. He and McDougald had worked closely together on getting a system of fuel breaks installed in the Sierra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Jim made a special request, like, ‘Hey, we need Clint back. He understands this fuel break system,’” recalls Wade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1973154\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1973154 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/119A5277-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/119A5277-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/119A5277-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/119A5277-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/119A5277-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/119A5277-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/119A5277-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/119A5277-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ryan Stewart stands on the edge of a parcel of land he helped prepare for fire. To his left is untreated Forest Service land, to his right Southern California Edison land. \u003ccite>(Ryan Tamborski)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That system helped provide protection in part because Wade, McDougald and others made a conscious effort to put breaks in place where they were needed most, regardless of whether the land was federal, state or the private parcels dotting the land within the national forest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, the Forest Service doesn’t treat private land, typically,” Wade said. “So Cal Fire came to us, said, ‘Hey, we have some money. Where do you have holes?’ And we got out the maps [and saw], ‘Hey, Twin Brooks has got some patches. Can we glue that together? You know, there’s stuff over here off the back side of Cressman’s, there’s patches. Let’s glue that together.’ And we started designing projects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of these fuel breaks and controlled burns were funded because of Gov. Gavin Newsom’s 2019 executive order fast-tracking 35 high-priority projects to protect vulnerable communities. Five of these were on lands in and around Shaver Lake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a California Assembly hearing last fall, Cal Fire director Thom Porter told lawmakers, “The centerpiece of Shaver Lake would have been completely consumed like Paradise, had we not done those projects and had we not had those prescribed fires that occurred in that area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Breaking Down Jurisdictional Barriers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the Creek Fire, the fourth largest on record in the state, destroyed 900 structures and injured 26 people, the preventive treatments around Shaver Lake are a success story, albeit one that’s not common. Even though vegetation treatments and planned fires can make wildfires less catastrophic and smoke less toxic, they are not easy to get done in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Questions of jurisdiction, for instance, can get in the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It shouldn’t matter whose ground it is if that’s where the fuel break needs to go and both agencies agree,” Cal Fire’s McDougald said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, it often does. Agencies like the Forest Service or Cal Fire have individual mandates to care for land and protect communities, but not necessarily to work together smoothly. So success can depend on the goodwill efforts of individuals with the power to make decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve spent a lot of time fostering the professional and personal relationship that needs to be in place so that you can implement work,” Wade said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A host of other barriers exist, such as questions of who has liability if the controlled burn escapes or what animals can’t be disturbed because they’re in mating season. There’s also a firefighting culture at work: People who extinguish flames are called heroes. People who trim brush and light prescribed fires aren’t thought of that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1973155\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1973155 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1585-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1585-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1585-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1585-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1585-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1585-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1585-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1585-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Looking toward Musick Mountain through a fire-destroyed forest. \u003ccite>(Danielle Venton/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One approved project wasn’t completed before fire season because of limited staff, time and money. So when wildfire tore over Musick Mountain, it ruined habitat and blazed a path to where people lived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(T)he regret is, you know, could we have gotten that done a year sooner?” said Wade. “We probably would’ve had fuel-breaks in [which] would have surrounded that ignition, and there could have been opportunity to slow this down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sheer magnitude of all the treatments that need to be done is intense in a forest where fires have been suppressed for more than a century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1973156\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1973156\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1610-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1610-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1610-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1610-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1610-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1610-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1610-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1610-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cal Fire’s Jim McDougald says what he and others do in the next few decades will determine if Shaver Lake will survive future fires. \u003ccite>(Danielle Venton/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You’re always behind, you’re working hard, you’re building fuel breaks, you’re doing the right thing,” McDougald said. “You’re getting some prescribed fire done. But there’s no light at the end of the tunnel for a while.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McDougald says what he and others do in the next years to decades will determine whether Shaver Lake has healthy forests — and healthy fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hopefully the story you’re talking about next time is: ‘This is now a resilient landscape. And how did you do it?’ It’s work we haven’t done yet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "A small group of workers who labored in the forests surrounding Shaver Lake ahead of last year's Creek Fire aren't typically talked about as wildfire heroes. But their work made it possible to save the town.",
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"title": "The Very Unsexy Solution to California's Wildfire Woes: Interagency Cooperation and Controlled Burns | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Signs of gratitude, literally, adorn the Fresno County mountain town of Shaver Lake, population 500 plus a collection of cabins, restaurants and real estate offices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside of Bob’s Market, the message is: “Thank you, Creek Fire Heroes,” adjacent to a photo of firefighters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The town today is an island of green pines, surrounded by charred hills and the burnt remains of trees. Yet the signs of gratitude, while well-deserved, could also rightly extend to a mostly unheralded group of workers who labored in advance of flames bearing down on the area from the raging Creek Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>That fire started on Sept. 4, 2020, the Friday before Labor Day. After a hot, dry summer, all it took was a spark in a steep, overgrown canyon to ignite what turned into an explosive blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having a fire in this canyon was kind of a nightmare,” said Ryan Stewart, a forester for the utility Southern California Edison, looking down a steep hillside, which as of September was overgrown with thick brush. “You look at it and you go: ‘I don’t know how they’re going to stop that fire.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SoCal Edison owns a lot of property to the south of the canyon, around Shaver Lake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Creek Fire started, Stewart “was kind of just thinking in the back of my mind, ‘I wonder what they’re doing over there, because I got it over here. But over there it’s a different story.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-1971660\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/KQEDSCIENCE_CRKFR-1.gif\" alt=\"Groundwater Rise\" width=\"400\" height=\"720\">Over “there” are the forests around Big Creek, where half the homes burned. The “here” Stewart referred to is the forest where he and his colleagues have treated the landscape for years, cutting crowded and dead trees, clearing brush and lighting prescribed fires. All that work, performed in preparation for the next big wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the fire struck, Cal Fire Assistant Chief Jim McDougald, who’d just returned home from fighting fires in Sonoma County, had been forced to head out in the middle of the night to do yet more battle with a conflagration. While driving he spotted the glow from miles away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that was a clue to me it had the potential to become a major fire,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stewart says he got the call from McDougald around 2 a.m., telling him the fire was headed up the hill toward SoCal Edison property. “I knew that, OK, well, we’ve got a good chance of stopping it once it gets on Edison lands,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McDougald also thought the fire could be stopped there. “The best tool at that time was to try to get dozers in there and open up some of the fuel breaks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stewart arrived at the property in the dead of night and began tying pink flags to trees, marking spots where fire breaks should be widened. Many of the pink flags are still in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that line is where crews held it during the first hours of the Creek Fire incident. Once the flames crossed over into the treated lands, the fire’s behavior rapidly changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The intensity of the fire was reduced to a ground fire, and we didn’t get into the crowns, didn’t kill any of the trees,” said Stewart, surveying the land last winter. “Looks pretty good. It’s actually pretty much a controlled burn.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The diminution rapidly halted one flank of the fire. And, McDougald says, it bought time to complete evacuations and prepare to defend Shaver Lake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No question about it … that work bought the direct impact of the fire hitting Shaver at least 24 to 48 hours,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the fire continued to spread in other directions, drawing McDougald’s attention elsewhere. He knew he needed help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Creek Fire surged, Clint Wade, a fuels specialist for the High Sierra Ranger District of the Sierra National Forest, was working a different fire in the Los Padres National Forest. He and McDougald had worked closely together on getting a system of fuel breaks installed in the Sierra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Jim made a special request, like, ‘Hey, we need Clint back. He understands this fuel break system,’” recalls Wade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1973154\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1973154 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/119A5277-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/119A5277-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/119A5277-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/119A5277-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/119A5277-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/119A5277-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/119A5277-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/119A5277-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ryan Stewart stands on the edge of a parcel of land he helped prepare for fire. To his left is untreated Forest Service land, to his right Southern California Edison land. \u003ccite>(Ryan Tamborski)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That system helped provide protection in part because Wade, McDougald and others made a conscious effort to put breaks in place where they were needed most, regardless of whether the land was federal, state or the private parcels dotting the land within the national forest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, the Forest Service doesn’t treat private land, typically,” Wade said. “So Cal Fire came to us, said, ‘Hey, we have some money. Where do you have holes?’ And we got out the maps [and saw], ‘Hey, Twin Brooks has got some patches. Can we glue that together? You know, there’s stuff over here off the back side of Cressman’s, there’s patches. Let’s glue that together.’ And we started designing projects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of these fuel breaks and controlled burns were funded because of Gov. Gavin Newsom’s 2019 executive order fast-tracking 35 high-priority projects to protect vulnerable communities. Five of these were on lands in and around Shaver Lake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a California Assembly hearing last fall, Cal Fire director Thom Porter told lawmakers, “The centerpiece of Shaver Lake would have been completely consumed like Paradise, had we not done those projects and had we not had those prescribed fires that occurred in that area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Breaking Down Jurisdictional Barriers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the Creek Fire, the fourth largest on record in the state, destroyed 900 structures and injured 26 people, the preventive treatments around Shaver Lake are a success story, albeit one that’s not common. Even though vegetation treatments and planned fires can make wildfires less catastrophic and smoke less toxic, they are not easy to get done in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Questions of jurisdiction, for instance, can get in the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It shouldn’t matter whose ground it is if that’s where the fuel break needs to go and both agencies agree,” Cal Fire’s McDougald said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, it often does. Agencies like the Forest Service or Cal Fire have individual mandates to care for land and protect communities, but not necessarily to work together smoothly. So success can depend on the goodwill efforts of individuals with the power to make decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve spent a lot of time fostering the professional and personal relationship that needs to be in place so that you can implement work,” Wade said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A host of other barriers exist, such as questions of who has liability if the controlled burn escapes or what animals can’t be disturbed because they’re in mating season. There’s also a firefighting culture at work: People who extinguish flames are called heroes. People who trim brush and light prescribed fires aren’t thought of that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1973155\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1973155 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1585-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1585-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1585-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1585-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1585-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1585-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1585-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1585-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Looking toward Musick Mountain through a fire-destroyed forest. \u003ccite>(Danielle Venton/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One approved project wasn’t completed before fire season because of limited staff, time and money. So when wildfire tore over Musick Mountain, it ruined habitat and blazed a path to where people lived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(T)he regret is, you know, could we have gotten that done a year sooner?” said Wade. “We probably would’ve had fuel-breaks in [which] would have surrounded that ignition, and there could have been opportunity to slow this down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sheer magnitude of all the treatments that need to be done is intense in a forest where fires have been suppressed for more than a century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1973156\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1973156\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1610-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1610-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1610-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1610-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1610-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1610-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1610-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/03/IMG_1610-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cal Fire’s Jim McDougald says what he and others do in the next few decades will determine if Shaver Lake will survive future fires. \u003ccite>(Danielle Venton/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You’re always behind, you’re working hard, you’re building fuel breaks, you’re doing the right thing,” McDougald said. “You’re getting some prescribed fire done. But there’s no light at the end of the tunnel for a while.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McDougald says what he and others do in the next years to decades will determine whether Shaver Lake has healthy forests — and healthy fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hopefully the story you’re talking about next time is: ‘This is now a resilient landscape. And how did you do it?’ It’s work we haven’t done yet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "The Entire Bay Area Is in Extreme Drought. Here's What Your Local Water Supplier Is Doing",
"headTitle": "The Entire Bay Area Is in Extreme Drought. Here’s What Your Local Water Supplier Is Doing | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> On Monday, Gov. Gavin Newsom expanded the drought emergency he declared on April 21 to an additional 39 counties, widening the official order to 41 counties representing 30% of the state’s population. In the Bay Area, Contra Costa, Napa, Solano and Sonoma counties are now covered by the declaration. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote citation=\"Jeanne Belding, Marin Water\"]‘Our rainfall levels over the past 16 months have been the lowest that we’ve seen in more than 140 years.’[/pullquote]\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Over the last couple of weeks, the entire Bay Area, has jumped from moderate to extreme drought conditions, according to the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/CurrentMap/StateDroughtMonitor.aspx?CA\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">U.S. Drought Monitor\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. But what that means for residents across the region depends on where you live.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Back-to-back dry years, above normal temperatures, and a below normal snowpack are reminiscent of the last multiyear drought, ending in 2017, says Napa Deputy Utilities Director \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Joy Eldredge. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But she thinks this time might be worse. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I’m less comfortable than I’ve been for the past 15 years in this position, I’ll put it that way,” she said of her assessment of what lies ahead.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch5>Bay Area Drought Measures\u003c/h5>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.acwd.org/\">\u003cb>Alameda County Water District\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – Calling for voluntary conservation\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bawsca.org/\">\u003cb>Bay Area Water Supply & Conservation Agency\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – Member agencies receiving water from SFPUC are being asked to limit water usage levels during peak summer months to no greater than those recorded for calendar year 2019. Agencies that receive water from Valley Water are being asked to voluntarily conserve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.calwater.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://www.calwater.com/\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\">California Water Service\u003c/a> \u003c/strong>– Within the Bayshore, San Carlos, San Mateo, Bear Gulch, Los Altos and South San Francisco districts, the agency is encouraging residents to use water wisely. In the agency’s Livermore district, there’s a call for a 10% voluntary reduction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ccwater.com/\">\u003cb>Contra Costa Water District\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – Customers are encouraged to use water efficiently with no waste. No restrictions in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/\">\u003cb>East Bay Municipal Utility District\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – Declared a stage 1 drought. The district will buy extra water when needed and asks customers to voluntarily reduce usage by 10%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.marinwater.org/\">\u003cb>Marin Municipal Water District\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – 40% mandatory water restrictions. Full list of rules \u003ca href=\"https://www.marinwater.org/waterrules\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfwater.org/\">\u003cb>San Francisco Public Utilities Commission\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – Calling for 10% voluntary reduction for irrigation\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.valleywater.org/\">\u003cb>Santa Clara Valley Water\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – Calling for a voluntary 20%-25% reduction in water usage compared to 2013. However, the 20% voluntary call was put into place in 2017, and residents and businesses have already reduced water use by an average of 20%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.zone7water.com/\">\u003cb>Zone 7 Water Agency\u003c/b>\u003c/a> (Livermore) – Calling for voluntary conservation. Has launched “\u003ca href=\"https://www.zone7water.com/conservation-rebates/water-wise-wendy\">Water Wise Wendy”\u003c/a>portal for conservation tips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofnapa.org/1018/Drought-Update\">\u003cb>City of Napa\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – Calling for voluntary conservation with a target reduction of 15%\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.scwa2.com/\">\u003cb>Solano County Water Agency\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – Does not expect water shortages, but conservation is recommended\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sonomawater.org/current-water-supply-levels\">\u003cb>Sonoma Water\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – 20% voluntary conservation goal\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[/pullquote]The city of Napa has asked residents to voluntarily cut 15% of their water use. Sonoma County is asking for 20%, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.sonomawater.org/management\">Grant Davis\u003c/a>, general manager for Sonoma Water, says he’ll be asking the state to reduce flows along the Russian River by 20% to conserve water in Lake Sonoma and Lake Mendocino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Russian River watershed [has] the lowest water levels we’ve seen in our two reservoirs at this time of year, ever,” Davis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The continuing dry conditions could lead to a 75% decrease in water deliveries to Sonoma County communities in the upper watershed this summer. Sonoma and Mendocino counties were the two areas covered by Newsom’s original drought declaration.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water officials say they are waiting for statewide water restrictions to be issued,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> “(I)f we do not see a 20% reduction, then we will likely move into a mandatory conservation situation, probably on July 1,” Davis said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mandatory in Marin\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.marinwater.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Marin Water\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is the only agency in the Bay Area mandating that residents cut water use. Officials are aiming for a 40% reduction.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“This drought is tracking really to become a drought of record,” said Marin Water spokesperson Jeanne Belding. “Our rainfall levels over the past 16 months have been the lowest that we’ve seen in more than 140 years.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The new \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.marinwater.org/waterrules\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">water rules\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in Marin include limiting spray irrigation to two days per week; a restriction on outdoor water use like watering gardens or grass from 9 a.m. to 7 p.m.; and shutting down decorative fountains.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Water is so ubiquitous, you turn on the tap, and it’s there,” Belding said. “We have to realize that it’s a limited resource. So, doing everything that you can to conserve is going to be critical.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For the rest of the Bay Area, the situation is a little more complicated. Water districts don’t follow county lines, and they have very different water sources, including groundwater, rainfall, reservoirs, and snowmelt from the Sierra Nevada. Most districts are asking people to play their part voluntarily. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfwater.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Francisco Public Utilities Commission \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">isn’t\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> asking residents to conserve a defined percentage of water, but it wants people to do what they can. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“At the moment, we’re in pretty decent shape,” said Will Reisman, spokesperson for the SFPUC, who said the city’s water supply was not drastically lagging historical levels. “We are a little under 77% of our maximum storage capacity at our reservoirs. Typically at this time of year we’re a little under 82%.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But Reisman says the agency is asking its 1,600 irrigation customers — think parks and golf courses — to cut 10%. San Francisco also sells a lot of water to its neighbors, and the SFPUC has asked them to use less than they did before the pandemic began in 2019. He says water usage has begun to increase after it dropped during the various stay-at-home orders imposed during the pandemic.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We recognize that this creates some confusion,” said \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://bawsca.org/about/staff/ceo\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nicole Sandkulla\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, CEO of the Bay Area Water Supply & Conservation Agency. “This is all developing kind of as we speak. So we don’t have the best answer yet.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sandkulla’s agency helps supply water, primarily from San Francisco via the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in Yosemite National Park, to 26 agencies within San Mateo, Santa Clara and Alameda counties. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Considering the scale of this drought, she says that even if residents live in an area with no water restrictions, it’s time to start cutting back on daily activities like watering lawns and doing laundry. Sandkulla herself had planned to plant roses this spring. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“But nope, I’m not going to do that,” she said. “Maybe now is not the time to be replanting with something that’s going to require more water.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She says if everyone cuts back in little ways, the Bay Area could avoid the worst consequences of the drought.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But is there any hope for significant rain this summer? The short answer is no, says Brian Garcia, a warning coordination meteorologist with the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea\">National Weather Service San Francisco Bay Area\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When looking at precipitation prospects for the city of San Francisco, “the likelihood of recovery between now and the end of the water year: 0%,” Garcia said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He says climate models show a much better shot of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1935067/rivers-in-the-sky-what-you-need-to-know-about-atmospheric-river-storms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">atmospheric rivers\u003c/a> forming next winter, hopefully pelting the state with snow and rain. These massive, fast-moving storm systems normally account for about half of the state’s annual precipitation, but this winter the Bay Area got soaked by only one. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just a crystal ball look, but it looks like a better winter precipitation-wise,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Over the last couple of weeks, the entire Bay Area, has jumped from moderate to extreme drought conditions, according to the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/CurrentMap/StateDroughtMonitor.aspx?CA\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">U.S. Drought Monitor\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. But what that means for residents across the region depends on where you live.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Back-to-back dry years, above normal temperatures, and a below normal snowpack are reminiscent of the last multiyear drought, ending in 2017, says Napa Deputy Utilities Director \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Joy Eldredge. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But she thinks this time might be worse. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I’m less comfortable than I’ve been for the past 15 years in this position, I’ll put it that way,” she said of her assessment of what lies ahead.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003c/p>\n\u003ch5>Bay Area Drought Measures\u003c/h5>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.acwd.org/\">\u003cb>Alameda County Water District\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – Calling for voluntary conservation\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bawsca.org/\">\u003cb>Bay Area Water Supply & Conservation Agency\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – Member agencies receiving water from SFPUC are being asked to limit water usage levels during peak summer months to no greater than those recorded for calendar year 2019. Agencies that receive water from Valley Water are being asked to voluntarily conserve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.calwater.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://www.calwater.com/\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\">California Water Service\u003c/a> \u003c/strong>– Within the Bayshore, San Carlos, San Mateo, Bear Gulch, Los Altos and South San Francisco districts, the agency is encouraging residents to use water wisely. In the agency’s Livermore district, there’s a call for a 10% voluntary reduction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ccwater.com/\">\u003cb>Contra Costa Water District\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – Customers are encouraged to use water efficiently with no waste. No restrictions in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/\">\u003cb>East Bay Municipal Utility District\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – Declared a stage 1 drought. The district will buy extra water when needed and asks customers to voluntarily reduce usage by 10%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.marinwater.org/\">\u003cb>Marin Municipal Water District\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – 40% mandatory water restrictions. Full list of rules \u003ca href=\"https://www.marinwater.org/waterrules\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfwater.org/\">\u003cb>San Francisco Public Utilities Commission\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – Calling for 10% voluntary reduction for irrigation\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.valleywater.org/\">\u003cb>Santa Clara Valley Water\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – Calling for a voluntary 20%-25% reduction in water usage compared to 2013. However, the 20% voluntary call was put into place in 2017, and residents and businesses have already reduced water use by an average of 20%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.zone7water.com/\">\u003cb>Zone 7 Water Agency\u003c/b>\u003c/a> (Livermore) – Calling for voluntary conservation. Has launched “\u003ca href=\"https://www.zone7water.com/conservation-rebates/water-wise-wendy\">Water Wise Wendy”\u003c/a>portal for conservation tips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofnapa.org/1018/Drought-Update\">\u003cb>City of Napa\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – Calling for voluntary conservation with a target reduction of 15%\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.scwa2.com/\">\u003cb>Solano County Water Agency\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – Does not expect water shortages, but conservation is recommended\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sonomawater.org/current-water-supply-levels\">\u003cb>Sonoma Water\u003c/b>\u003c/a> – 20% voluntary conservation goal\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The city of Napa has asked residents to voluntarily cut 15% of their water use. Sonoma County is asking for 20%, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.sonomawater.org/management\">Grant Davis\u003c/a>, general manager for Sonoma Water, says he’ll be asking the state to reduce flows along the Russian River by 20% to conserve water in Lake Sonoma and Lake Mendocino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Russian River watershed [has] the lowest water levels we’ve seen in our two reservoirs at this time of year, ever,” Davis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The continuing dry conditions could lead to a 75% decrease in water deliveries to Sonoma County communities in the upper watershed this summer. Sonoma and Mendocino counties were the two areas covered by Newsom’s original drought declaration.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water officials say they are waiting for statewide water restrictions to be issued,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> “(I)f we do not see a 20% reduction, then we will likely move into a mandatory conservation situation, probably on July 1,” Davis said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mandatory in Marin\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.marinwater.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Marin Water\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is the only agency in the Bay Area mandating that residents cut water use. Officials are aiming for a 40% reduction.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“This drought is tracking really to become a drought of record,” said Marin Water spokesperson Jeanne Belding. “Our rainfall levels over the past 16 months have been the lowest that we’ve seen in more than 140 years.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The new \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.marinwater.org/waterrules\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">water rules\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in Marin include limiting spray irrigation to two days per week; a restriction on outdoor water use like watering gardens or grass from 9 a.m. to 7 p.m.; and shutting down decorative fountains.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Water is so ubiquitous, you turn on the tap, and it’s there,” Belding said. “We have to realize that it’s a limited resource. So, doing everything that you can to conserve is going to be critical.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For the rest of the Bay Area, the situation is a little more complicated. Water districts don’t follow county lines, and they have very different water sources, including groundwater, rainfall, reservoirs, and snowmelt from the Sierra Nevada. Most districts are asking people to play their part voluntarily. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfwater.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Francisco Public Utilities Commission \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">isn’t\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> asking residents to conserve a defined percentage of water, but it wants people to do what they can. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“At the moment, we’re in pretty decent shape,” said Will Reisman, spokesperson for the SFPUC, who said the city’s water supply was not drastically lagging historical levels. “We are a little under 77% of our maximum storage capacity at our reservoirs. Typically at this time of year we’re a little under 82%.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But Reisman says the agency is asking its 1,600 irrigation customers — think parks and golf courses — to cut 10%. San Francisco also sells a lot of water to its neighbors, and the SFPUC has asked them to use less than they did before the pandemic began in 2019. He says water usage has begun to increase after it dropped during the various stay-at-home orders imposed during the pandemic.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We recognize that this creates some confusion,” said \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://bawsca.org/about/staff/ceo\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nicole Sandkulla\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, CEO of the Bay Area Water Supply & Conservation Agency. “This is all developing kind of as we speak. So we don’t have the best answer yet.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sandkulla’s agency helps supply water, primarily from San Francisco via the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in Yosemite National Park, to 26 agencies within San Mateo, Santa Clara and Alameda counties. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Considering the scale of this drought, she says that even if residents live in an area with no water restrictions, it’s time to start cutting back on daily activities like watering lawns and doing laundry. Sandkulla herself had planned to plant roses this spring. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“But nope, I’m not going to do that,” she said. “Maybe now is not the time to be replanting with something that’s going to require more water.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She says if everyone cuts back in little ways, the Bay Area could avoid the worst consequences of the drought.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But is there any hope for significant rain this summer? The short answer is no, says Brian Garcia, a warning coordination meteorologist with the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea\">National Weather Service San Francisco Bay Area\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When looking at precipitation prospects for the city of San Francisco, “the likelihood of recovery between now and the end of the water year: 0%,” Garcia said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He says climate models show a much better shot of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1935067/rivers-in-the-sky-what-you-need-to-know-about-atmospheric-river-storms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">atmospheric rivers\u003c/a> forming next winter, hopefully pelting the state with snow and rain. These massive, fast-moving storm systems normally account for about half of the state’s annual precipitation, but this winter the Bay Area got soaked by only one. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just a crystal ball look, but it looks like a better winter precipitation-wise,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "FDA OKs Pfizer COVID-19 Vaccine For Ages 12-15",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration says children 12 to 15 years old are now eligible to receive a key COVID-19 vaccine, as the agency on Monday \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-authorizes-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-emergency-use\">expanded its emergency use authorization\u003c/a> for the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Janet Woodcock, the acting FDA commissioner, said the expansion “brings us closer to returning to a sense of normalcy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Parents and guardians can rest assured that the agency undertook a rigorous and thorough review of all available data, as we have with all of our COVID-19 vaccine emergency use authorizations,” Woodcock said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until now, the Pfizer vaccine had been authorized only for people age 16 and older. Pfizer asked the FDA to broaden its emergency use authorization for the vaccine after \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2021/03/31/982983455/pfizer-says-covid-19-vaccine-shows-100-efficacy-in-adolescents\">announcing in late March\u003c/a> that clinical trials found “100% efficacy and robust antibody responses” in study participants who were 12 to 15 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA first granted Pfizer’s request for an emergency use authorization, or EUA, for its COVID-19 vaccine \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/12/11/945366548/fda-authorizes-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-in-u-s\">in December\u003c/a>. It got federal approval to include children as young as 12 years old in its vaccine trial \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/10/13/923248377/will-kids-get-a-covid-19-vaccine-pfizer-to-expand-trial-to-ages-12-and-up\">last October\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three makers of U.S.-authorized vaccines — Pfizer, Moderna and Johnson & Johnson — are studying the safety and effectiveness of their vaccines in children, including as young as 6 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson & Johnson said last week that its vaccine “will initially be tested in a small number of adolescents, which will be expanded to a larger group in a step-wise approach, if initial data shows an acceptable safety profile.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those expanded trials started last month, when J&J vaccine shots were given to teens from 16 to 17 years old. If all goes well, the trial will include kids as young as 12, \u003ca href=\"https://www.jnj.com/johnson-johnson-expands-phase-2a-clinical-trial-of-covid-19-vaccine-candidate-to-include-adolescents\">the company says\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moderna \u003ca href=\"https://investors.modernatx.com/news-releases/news-release-details/moderna-provides-clinical-and-supply-updates-covid-19-vaccine\">said in mid-April\u003c/a> that its vaccine study in adolescents is now fully enrolled, with around 3,000 people age 12 to 17 slated to receive doses. A second phase of the study will follow, including children who are from 6 months to 11 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pfizer says it won’t be ready to ask the FDA for new emergency use authorization expansions for kids younger than 12 until September. One such request would cover children from 2 to 5 years old; a second would apply to ages 5 to 11. A third request, aimed at protecting infants and toddlers, isn’t expected until the fourth quarter of this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pfizer and BioNTech say they have the capacity to manufacture up to 2.5 billion vaccine doses in 2021, and to produce at least 3 billion doses in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another move that could boost COVID-19 vaccine availability, Pfizer recently asked the FDA to approve a change that would allow its vaccine to be stored at common refrigerator temperatures of 2 to 8 degrees Celsius (roughly 36 to 46 degrees Fahrenheit) for up to four weeks. The company says it submitted data about the vaccine’s stability at those temperatures on April 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In general, Pfizer’s vaccine must be stored at ultra-cold temperatures of around -70 degrees Celsius (-94 degrees Fahrenheit). The company \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/02/24/965835993/what-is-a-cold-chain-and-why-do-so-many-vaccines-need-it\">loosened that requirement\u003c/a> a bit in February, however, saying the shots, which use messenger RNA, could safely be kept at typical home freezer temperatures, -25 to -15 degrees Celsius (-13 to 5 degrees Fahrenheit), for up to two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The COVID-19 vaccine’s success has brought billions of dollars to Pfizer. In the first quarter of 2021 alone, the vaccine added $3.5 billion in global revenue, Pfizer chairman and CEO Albert Bourla \u003ca href=\"https://s21.q4cdn.com/317678438/files/doc_financials/2021/q1/Q1-2021-Earnings-Conference-Call-Prepared-Remarks-FINAL.pdf\">told investors\u003c/a> in a conference call last Tuesday. Over the entire year, Pfizer could bring in around $26 billion based on the vaccine, Bourla said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company and BioNTech, its development and revenue-sharing partner, have shipped some 430 million doses to 91 countries and territories, Bourla said last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=FDA+OKs+Pfizer+COVID-19+Vaccine+For+12-15+Age+Group&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Food and Drug Administration says children 12 to 15 years old are now eligible to receive a key COVID-19 vaccine, as the agency on Monday \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-authorizes-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-emergency-use\">expanded its emergency use authorization\u003c/a> for the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Janet Woodcock, the acting FDA commissioner, said the expansion “brings us closer to returning to a sense of normalcy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Parents and guardians can rest assured that the agency undertook a rigorous and thorough review of all available data, as we have with all of our COVID-19 vaccine emergency use authorizations,” Woodcock said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until now, the Pfizer vaccine had been authorized only for people age 16 and older. Pfizer asked the FDA to broaden its emergency use authorization for the vaccine after \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2021/03/31/982983455/pfizer-says-covid-19-vaccine-shows-100-efficacy-in-adolescents\">announcing in late March\u003c/a> that clinical trials found “100% efficacy and robust antibody responses” in study participants who were 12 to 15 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA first granted Pfizer’s request for an emergency use authorization, or EUA, for its COVID-19 vaccine \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/12/11/945366548/fda-authorizes-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-in-u-s\">in December\u003c/a>. It got federal approval to include children as young as 12 years old in its vaccine trial \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/10/13/923248377/will-kids-get-a-covid-19-vaccine-pfizer-to-expand-trial-to-ages-12-and-up\">last October\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three makers of U.S.-authorized vaccines — Pfizer, Moderna and Johnson & Johnson — are studying the safety and effectiveness of their vaccines in children, including as young as 6 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson & Johnson said last week that its vaccine “will initially be tested in a small number of adolescents, which will be expanded to a larger group in a step-wise approach, if initial data shows an acceptable safety profile.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those expanded trials started last month, when J&J vaccine shots were given to teens from 16 to 17 years old. If all goes well, the trial will include kids as young as 12, \u003ca href=\"https://www.jnj.com/johnson-johnson-expands-phase-2a-clinical-trial-of-covid-19-vaccine-candidate-to-include-adolescents\">the company says\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moderna \u003ca href=\"https://investors.modernatx.com/news-releases/news-release-details/moderna-provides-clinical-and-supply-updates-covid-19-vaccine\">said in mid-April\u003c/a> that its vaccine study in adolescents is now fully enrolled, with around 3,000 people age 12 to 17 slated to receive doses. A second phase of the study will follow, including children who are from 6 months to 11 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pfizer says it won’t be ready to ask the FDA for new emergency use authorization expansions for kids younger than 12 until September. One such request would cover children from 2 to 5 years old; a second would apply to ages 5 to 11. A third request, aimed at protecting infants and toddlers, isn’t expected until the fourth quarter of this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pfizer and BioNTech say they have the capacity to manufacture up to 2.5 billion vaccine doses in 2021, and to produce at least 3 billion doses in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another move that could boost COVID-19 vaccine availability, Pfizer recently asked the FDA to approve a change that would allow its vaccine to be stored at common refrigerator temperatures of 2 to 8 degrees Celsius (roughly 36 to 46 degrees Fahrenheit) for up to four weeks. The company says it submitted data about the vaccine’s stability at those temperatures on April 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In general, Pfizer’s vaccine must be stored at ultra-cold temperatures of around -70 degrees Celsius (-94 degrees Fahrenheit). The company \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/02/24/965835993/what-is-a-cold-chain-and-why-do-so-many-vaccines-need-it\">loosened that requirement\u003c/a> a bit in February, however, saying the shots, which use messenger RNA, could safely be kept at typical home freezer temperatures, -25 to -15 degrees Celsius (-13 to 5 degrees Fahrenheit), for up to two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The COVID-19 vaccine’s success has brought billions of dollars to Pfizer. In the first quarter of 2021 alone, the vaccine added $3.5 billion in global revenue, Pfizer chairman and CEO Albert Bourla \u003ca href=\"https://s21.q4cdn.com/317678438/files/doc_financials/2021/q1/Q1-2021-Earnings-Conference-Call-Prepared-Remarks-FINAL.pdf\">told investors\u003c/a> in a conference call last Tuesday. Over the entire year, Pfizer could bring in around $26 billion based on the vaccine, Bourla said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company and BioNTech, its development and revenue-sharing partner, have shipped some 430 million doses to 91 countries and territories, Bourla said last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=FDA+OKs+Pfizer+COVID-19+Vaccine+For+12-15+Age+Group&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp class=\"p2\">Eloise LaCour clutches her dolly as a nurse takes her blood pressure, then swabs the 3-year-old’s delicate arm with alcohol.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">“Tickle Tickle,” says Eloise’s mom Angelica LaCour. She’s trying to get a smile. “Mommy’s going to hug you, OK?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">The nurse, carefully, gives Eloise her shot. Here at a Stanford University medical facility, she is one of 144 children in the country who are part of a phase one clinical trial to test Pfizer-BioNTech COVID vaccines in the most adorable of study cohorts — those 5 and under.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">“That’s it!” exclaims nurse manager Richard Brotherton, pulling the needle out of Eloise’s arm.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">Eloise barely flinches. In fact, under her mask it looks like she’s smiling.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Look at you brave kid,” beams her mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">The next day, Eloise has yet to complain of any side effects — not even an ouch in her arm where the needle went in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">While an unfortunate number of people are still hesitating about the remarkably effective vaccines, let alone enrolling their kids in clinical trials, Angelica LaCour speaks of the importance of getting children inoculated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s just really important to highlight that we’re not going to get to herd immunity as a country if children are not vaccinated,” she said. “We don’t know the long-term impacts of the virus. And we know that this is a well-tolerated vaccine that’s saving people’s lives. And it’s important that our children get that as well. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the family was initially nervous about enrolling their only daughter in the early trial. But they’ weren’t sure they’d be any less so in six months, a year, or whenever the official rollout of vaccines for the youngest Americans takes place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while Eloise is healthy, “We know that there’s a lot of other families with kids with vulnerabilities where COVID is potentially life-threatening,” LaCour said. “And so being part of making this a reality for those families is something that is really meaningful to us.”\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\u003cb>Second Dose\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">After three weeks it’s time for Eloise’s second poke. She has decided to dress up as her favorite character from the Pixar movie “Brave.” This time, she squirms a little more but still doesn’t cry.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">That night she complains her head hurts a little and that her arm is sore. Nothing that can’t be solved with a low dose of Tylenol, says her mom. Otherwise she’s running around\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“Lots of energy,” LaCour says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Now, a couple of days before her father has gotten his second shot, Eloise is one of a small number of children in the country to be fully vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Soon the family will start planning a summer vacation.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Stanford scientists will track Eloise for the next two years to make sure all goes well. The next phases will involve enrolling many more children, eventually thousands, to study accurate dosage, vaccine safety, immune response and efficacy.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\u003cb>Kids Rollout Could Begin Next Fall\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Pfizer\u003c/span> is planning to apply to the Food and Drug Administration in September for emergency authorization of the vaccine for children age 2 to 11. Meanwhile, the company is expected to receive permission any day now to vaccinate 12- to 15-year-olds. \u003ca href=\"https://investors.modernatx.com/news-releases/news-release-details/moderna-announces-first-participants-dosed-phase-23-study-0\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Moderna\u003c/span>\u003c/a> is also conducting clinical trials in kids for its vaccine.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">This science would not be possible without children and parents who are willing to go first, which is why Dr. Yvonne Maldonado, a pediatric infectious disease expert at Stanford Medicine who is leading the trial, lauds the family’s courage.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“If we didn’t have clinical trials, we’d have zero vaccines for children,” she said. “And we save 3 million lives a year from death due to vaccine-preventable diseases as well.”\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Last week the Kaiser Family Foundation released a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/coronavirus-covid-19/poll-finding/kff-covid-19-vaccine-monitor-april-2021/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">survey\u003c/span>\u003c/a> showing fewer than a third of parents reporting plans to get their kids COVID shots as soon as it’s possible. \u003cspan class=\"s3\">Another 32% said they would “wait and see.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">\u003cspan class=\"s4\">Health officials hope the hesitation eases over time, as it did for adult vaccines. \u003c/span>The current survey percentages are similar to what U.S. adults expressed in a KFF September \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/report-section/kff-the-undefeated-survey-on-race-and-health-main-findings/#COVID-19Vaccine\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">survey\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, in which 34% of adults said they would get a vaccine “right away,” with 29% in the wait-and-see camp.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">Getting parents on board is critical to stamping out the virus and reaching herd immunity, that by now almost mythical juncture\u003cspan class=\"s5\"> when the vast majority of a population will be protected from COVID-19.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">“We need to make sure that we can limit transmission,” said Maldonado. “And if we can reach children, that really gets to a fairly large segment of the U.S. population.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"p2\">Eloise LaCour clutches her dolly as a nurse takes her blood pressure, then swabs the 3-year-old’s delicate arm with alcohol.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">“Tickle Tickle,” says Eloise’s mom Angelica LaCour. She’s trying to get a smile. “Mommy’s going to hug you, OK?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">The nurse, carefully, gives Eloise her shot. Here at a Stanford University medical facility, she is one of 144 children in the country who are part of a phase one clinical trial to test Pfizer-BioNTech COVID vaccines in the most adorable of study cohorts — those 5 and under.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">“That’s it!” exclaims nurse manager Richard Brotherton, pulling the needle out of Eloise’s arm.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">Eloise barely flinches. In fact, under her mask it looks like she’s smiling.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Look at you brave kid,” beams her mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p2\">The next day, Eloise has yet to complain of any side effects — not even an ouch in her arm where the needle went in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">While an unfortunate number of people are still hesitating about the remarkably effective vaccines, let alone enrolling their kids in clinical trials, Angelica LaCour speaks of the importance of getting children inoculated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s just really important to highlight that we’re not going to get to herd immunity as a country if children are not vaccinated,” she said. “We don’t know the long-term impacts of the virus. And we know that this is a well-tolerated vaccine that’s saving people’s lives. And it’s important that our children get that as well. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the family was initially nervous about enrolling their only daughter in the early trial. But they’ weren’t sure they’d be any less so in six months, a year, or whenever the official rollout of vaccines for the youngest Americans takes place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while Eloise is healthy, “We know that there’s a lot of other families with kids with vulnerabilities where COVID is potentially life-threatening,” LaCour said. “And so being part of making this a reality for those families is something that is really meaningful to us.”\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\u003cb>Second Dose\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">After three weeks it’s time for Eloise’s second poke. She has decided to dress up as her favorite character from the Pixar movie “Brave.” This time, she squirms a little more but still doesn’t cry.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">That night she complains her head hurts a little and that her arm is sore. Nothing that can’t be solved with a low dose of Tylenol, says her mom. Otherwise she’s running around\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“Lots of energy,” LaCour says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Now, a couple of days before her father has gotten his second shot, Eloise is one of a small number of children in the country to be fully vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Soon the family will start planning a summer vacation.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Stanford scientists will track Eloise for the next two years to make sure all goes well. The next phases will involve enrolling many more children, eventually thousands, to study accurate dosage, vaccine safety, immune response and efficacy.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\u003cb>Kids Rollout Could Begin Next Fall\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Pfizer\u003c/span> is planning to apply to the Food and Drug Administration in September for emergency authorization of the vaccine for children age 2 to 11. Meanwhile, the company is expected to receive permission any day now to vaccinate 12- to 15-year-olds. \u003ca href=\"https://investors.modernatx.com/news-releases/news-release-details/moderna-announces-first-participants-dosed-phase-23-study-0\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">Moderna\u003c/span>\u003c/a> is also conducting clinical trials in kids for its vaccine.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">This science would not be possible without children and parents who are willing to go first, which is why Dr. Yvonne Maldonado, a pediatric infectious disease expert at Stanford Medicine who is leading the trial, lauds the family’s courage.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">“If we didn’t have clinical trials, we’d have zero vaccines for children,” she said. “And we save 3 million lives a year from death due to vaccine-preventable diseases as well.”\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p3\">Last week the Kaiser Family Foundation released a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/coronavirus-covid-19/poll-finding/kff-covid-19-vaccine-monitor-april-2021/\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">survey\u003c/span>\u003c/a> showing fewer than a third of parents reporting plans to get their kids COVID shots as soon as it’s possible. \u003cspan class=\"s3\">Another 32% said they would “wait and see.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">\u003cspan class=\"s4\">Health officials hope the hesitation eases over time, as it did for adult vaccines. \u003c/span>The current survey percentages are similar to what U.S. adults expressed in a KFF September \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/report-section/kff-the-undefeated-survey-on-race-and-health-main-findings/#COVID-19Vaccine\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">survey\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, in which 34% of adults said they would get a vaccine “right away,” with 29% in the wait-and-see camp.\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">Getting parents on board is critical to stamping out the virus and reaching herd immunity, that by now almost mythical juncture\u003cspan class=\"s5\"> when the vast majority of a population will be protected from COVID-19.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">“We need to make sure that we can limit transmission,” said Maldonado. “And if we can reach children, that really gets to a fairly large segment of the U.S. population.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "After Last Year's Catastrophic Wildfire Season, California Braces for One Possibly Worse",
"headTitle": "After Last Year’s Catastrophic Wildfire Season, California Braces for One Possibly Worse | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>After one of the most \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/09/04/909668879/whats-driving-california-s-biggest-ever-wildfire-season\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">destructive and extreme wildfire seasons in modern history\u003c/a> last year, a widening drought across California and much of the West has many residents bracing for the possibility this season could be worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anemic winter rain and snowfall has left reservoirs and river flows down significantly, even as the state experiences \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/US_Stormwatch/status/1387929070944456709\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">its driest water year\u003c/a> in more than four decades. Today, wildfire fuels in some parts of California are at or near record levels of dryness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fuel moisture — the amount of water inside a living plant — “is the lowest that we’ve recorded at these sites since 2013,” says Craig Clements, director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sjsu.edu/wildfire/%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wildfire Interdisciplinary Research Center at San Jose State University\u003c/a>. “It’s indicative of very dangerous conditions coming into this summer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those hazardous conditions are the result of drier, hotter weather and accelerated vegetation drying due to a warming climate, combined with more than a century of fire suppression, that has left many forests with treacherous amounts of built-up fuel. Those two factors are now amplifying each other, says \u003ca href=\"https://www.ioes.ucla.edu/person/daniel-swain/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Daniel Swain,\u003c/a> a leading climate scientist at UCLA and the Nature Conservancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think, unfortunately, as bad as things have been recently, this year looks like another year that has some really ugly potential,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate scientists point out that a menacing wildfire potential this year doesn’t necessarily mean that’ll happen. “Really, that’s just going to be a matter of luck,” Swain says. But “of all the aspects that are predictable, \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2021GL092843\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">they all look pretty ominous\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/CurrentMap/StateDroughtMonitor.aspx?CA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">As dire drought conditions spread\u003c/a>, all of this could get exacerbated again by warmer-than-normal temperature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Summer temperatures are forecasted by the National Weather Service to be above normal again all across the West including California,” says Amanda Sheffield, a regional drought information coordinator with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) \u003ca href=\"https://www.drought.gov/%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Integrated Drought Information System.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has already had a pretty rapid snow melt off for this time of year, she notes, so upper elevations “could be particularly vulnerable earlier than usual as we move into midsummer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s a forecast some in wildfire and pandemic-battered California may not want to hear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1974593\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1974593 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/napa-photo_wide-b078aa8ad1cbba4fa9cd94cc18438e9821a263c3-1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/napa-photo_wide-b078aa8ad1cbba4fa9cd94cc18438e9821a263c3-1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/napa-photo_wide-b078aa8ad1cbba4fa9cd94cc18438e9821a263c3-1-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/napa-photo_wide-b078aa8ad1cbba4fa9cd94cc18438e9821a263c3-1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/napa-photo_wide-b078aa8ad1cbba4fa9cd94cc18438e9821a263c3-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/napa-photo_wide-b078aa8ad1cbba4fa9cd94cc18438e9821a263c3-1-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/napa-photo_wide-b078aa8ad1cbba4fa9cd94cc18438e9821a263c3-1-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/napa-photo_wide-b078aa8ad1cbba4fa9cd94cc18438e9821a263c3-1-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wildfire-scarred hills behind the famous Welcome to Napa sign. \u003ccite>(Eric Westervelt/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On a recent day in Napa County’s picturesque Calistoga, tourists are returning in droves more than ready for a post-lockdown generous pour, and to take in the beautiful, if fire-scarred, landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Calistoga — \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/local/article/Most-of-the-Bay-Area-is-now-in-an-extreme-16139365.php%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">like a handful of other cities\u003c/a> — has already \u003ca href=\"https://napavalleyregister.com/community/calistogan/news/city-of-calistoga-issues-mandate-for-water-customers-to-conserve/article_2a0d78fc-e7e2-5996-a474-c3e17e7c0405.html%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">imposed emergency water restrictions\u003c/a> because of the drought. So the city’s energetic mayor, Chris Canning, has to balance boosterism with realism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Canning notes that since the city’s founding in 1862, residents have only been evacuated twice, both times in the last four years because of wildfire. “Not a good resume for a mayor,” he says with a smile. “But absolutely necessary for the safety and protection of our residents. And we’ll do it again if we have to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get a jump on any fires this season, Canning is pleased the state agency Cal Fire has dedicated \u003ca href=\"https://napavalleyregister.com/news/local/napa-county-announces-state-will-provide-additional-helicopter-firefighters-for-next-wildfire-season/article_40512359-baac-5940-81dd-4c44aa7af62f.html%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a new firefighting\u003c/a> helicopter and a 24-7 firefighting crew of nearly 50 men and women for Napa County. Cal Fire has beefed up its wildfire fighting capacity statewide, adding several specially-modified S-70i Firehawk helicopters to its fleet. These are more agile and versatile than their old UH-1H, or Huey, helicopters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the mayor says most of the region’s residents get it: climate-fueled wildfires are an ongoing threat. So people are building bigger fire breaks, making an evacuation plan, and clearing brush — creating what firefighters call defensible space on their properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mayor Canning admits that’s not everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The other school of thought is, let’s pretend, you know, what happened in the past is the past, it’ll never happen again,” the mayor says. “The amnesia response is problematic, especially if you’re not taking the precautions you need to as a business or a resident to be prepared. That’s where it’s dangerous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1974594\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1974594 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/hourglass_wide-b9c0563fb582494f99f104b43253a39d04e9d6d8-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/hourglass_wide-b9c0563fb582494f99f104b43253a39d04e9d6d8-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/hourglass_wide-b9c0563fb582494f99f104b43253a39d04e9d6d8-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/hourglass_wide-b9c0563fb582494f99f104b43253a39d04e9d6d8-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/hourglass_wide-b9c0563fb582494f99f104b43253a39d04e9d6d8-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/hourglass_wide-b9c0563fb582494f99f104b43253a39d04e9d6d8-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/hourglass_wide-b9c0563fb582494f99f104b43253a39d04e9d6d8-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/hourglass_wide-b9c0563fb582494f99f104b43253a39d04e9d6d8-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The entrance to the Hourglass Winery, with the Napa Sheriff’s Office evacuated tag from last year’s Glass Fire blowing in the wind. \u003ccite>(Eric Westervelt/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In late September last year, the fast-moving Glass Fire badly damaged nearly 30 Napa wineries, including family-owned \u003ca href=\"https://www.hourglasswines.com/%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hourglass wines\u003c/a>. It swept through as the region was still recovering from 2017’s record-setting fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was all remnants of the old farmhouse,” says Hourglass’ founder and president Jeff Smith, as he walks near a pile of charred stones that are all that remain of the winery’s guesthouse, built in 1852.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Smith says the hardest loss was the grove of old growth redwood, Douglas fir, oak and olive trees, even older than the house, most which now lie burnt and stacked for salvage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To me that was the soul of the property, those trees,” he says. “The buildings can be rebuilt, but the couple hundred-year-old trees, you know, you can’t just magically bring those right back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hourglass’ wine-making building is a total loss. Steel fermentation and storage tanks sit like sad, damaged sculptures: most of the 2020 vintage is still inside, cooked and useless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The devastating Glass Fire was just one of nearly 10,000 California wildfires last year that \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2020/%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">burned more than four million acres\u003c/a> — a modern record. Across the West, more than 14,000 structures were destroyed, causing billions in damages. At least 46 people were killed as California, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/09/10/911389505/at-least-7-people-killed-in-west-coast-wildfires-dangerous-winds-forecast-to-eas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Oregon\u003c/a> and Colorado all saw record-breaking “megafires.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith, who was born and raised in Napa, is rebuilding. But he says the more frequent, more destructive wildfires have him rethinking everything about how he manages his land, business and life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, I grew up here, all of my roots are here and it’s my intention to stay and rebuild. But I think that there’s a lot of game-changing thought processes that we need to be going through,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Past vintages, stored in wooden barrels in stone and cement caves built into the hillside, survived the fire. Smith is looking to rebuild stronger, and smarter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re taking a much harder look at materials, defensible space, at fire suppression systems, access. You know, \u003cem>all \u003c/em>of these kinds of things to try to mitigate this into the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Smith is hopeful. He aims to rebuild enough this summer to crush and process this year’s grape harvest in a new facility here, along Napa’s famed Silverado Trail in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least, that’s the plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I tell my wine-making team: have a backup plan!” Smith says with a laugh. In a world-class wine region turned wine and wildfire zone, he concedes, “it’s always good to have a plan B.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Deepening+Drought+Holds+%27Ominous%27+Signs+For+Wildfire+Threat+In+The+West&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "After one of the most destructive and extreme wildfire seasons in modern history, widening drought is creating conditions even worse than last year. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After one of the most \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/09/04/909668879/whats-driving-california-s-biggest-ever-wildfire-season\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">destructive and extreme wildfire seasons in modern history\u003c/a> last year, a widening drought across California and much of the West has many residents bracing for the possibility this season could be worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anemic winter rain and snowfall has left reservoirs and river flows down significantly, even as the state experiences \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/US_Stormwatch/status/1387929070944456709\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">its driest water year\u003c/a> in more than four decades. Today, wildfire fuels in some parts of California are at or near record levels of dryness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fuel moisture — the amount of water inside a living plant — “is the lowest that we’ve recorded at these sites since 2013,” says Craig Clements, director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sjsu.edu/wildfire/%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wildfire Interdisciplinary Research Center at San Jose State University\u003c/a>. “It’s indicative of very dangerous conditions coming into this summer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those hazardous conditions are the result of drier, hotter weather and accelerated vegetation drying due to a warming climate, combined with more than a century of fire suppression, that has left many forests with treacherous amounts of built-up fuel. Those two factors are now amplifying each other, says \u003ca href=\"https://www.ioes.ucla.edu/person/daniel-swain/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Daniel Swain,\u003c/a> a leading climate scientist at UCLA and the Nature Conservancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think, unfortunately, as bad as things have been recently, this year looks like another year that has some really ugly potential,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate scientists point out that a menacing wildfire potential this year doesn’t necessarily mean that’ll happen. “Really, that’s just going to be a matter of luck,” Swain says. But “of all the aspects that are predictable, \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2021GL092843\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">they all look pretty ominous\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/CurrentMap/StateDroughtMonitor.aspx?CA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">As dire drought conditions spread\u003c/a>, all of this could get exacerbated again by warmer-than-normal temperature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Summer temperatures are forecasted by the National Weather Service to be above normal again all across the West including California,” says Amanda Sheffield, a regional drought information coordinator with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) \u003ca href=\"https://www.drought.gov/%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Integrated Drought Information System.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has already had a pretty rapid snow melt off for this time of year, she notes, so upper elevations “could be particularly vulnerable earlier than usual as we move into midsummer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s a forecast some in wildfire and pandemic-battered California may not want to hear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1974593\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1974593 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/napa-photo_wide-b078aa8ad1cbba4fa9cd94cc18438e9821a263c3-1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/napa-photo_wide-b078aa8ad1cbba4fa9cd94cc18438e9821a263c3-1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/napa-photo_wide-b078aa8ad1cbba4fa9cd94cc18438e9821a263c3-1-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/napa-photo_wide-b078aa8ad1cbba4fa9cd94cc18438e9821a263c3-1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/napa-photo_wide-b078aa8ad1cbba4fa9cd94cc18438e9821a263c3-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/napa-photo_wide-b078aa8ad1cbba4fa9cd94cc18438e9821a263c3-1-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/napa-photo_wide-b078aa8ad1cbba4fa9cd94cc18438e9821a263c3-1-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/napa-photo_wide-b078aa8ad1cbba4fa9cd94cc18438e9821a263c3-1-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wildfire-scarred hills behind the famous Welcome to Napa sign. \u003ccite>(Eric Westervelt/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On a recent day in Napa County’s picturesque Calistoga, tourists are returning in droves more than ready for a post-lockdown generous pour, and to take in the beautiful, if fire-scarred, landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Calistoga — \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/local/article/Most-of-the-Bay-Area-is-now-in-an-extreme-16139365.php%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">like a handful of other cities\u003c/a> — has already \u003ca href=\"https://napavalleyregister.com/community/calistogan/news/city-of-calistoga-issues-mandate-for-water-customers-to-conserve/article_2a0d78fc-e7e2-5996-a474-c3e17e7c0405.html%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">imposed emergency water restrictions\u003c/a> because of the drought. So the city’s energetic mayor, Chris Canning, has to balance boosterism with realism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Canning notes that since the city’s founding in 1862, residents have only been evacuated twice, both times in the last four years because of wildfire. “Not a good resume for a mayor,” he says with a smile. “But absolutely necessary for the safety and protection of our residents. And we’ll do it again if we have to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get a jump on any fires this season, Canning is pleased the state agency Cal Fire has dedicated \u003ca href=\"https://napavalleyregister.com/news/local/napa-county-announces-state-will-provide-additional-helicopter-firefighters-for-next-wildfire-season/article_40512359-baac-5940-81dd-4c44aa7af62f.html%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a new firefighting\u003c/a> helicopter and a 24-7 firefighting crew of nearly 50 men and women for Napa County. Cal Fire has beefed up its wildfire fighting capacity statewide, adding several specially-modified S-70i Firehawk helicopters to its fleet. These are more agile and versatile than their old UH-1H, or Huey, helicopters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the mayor says most of the region’s residents get it: climate-fueled wildfires are an ongoing threat. So people are building bigger fire breaks, making an evacuation plan, and clearing brush — creating what firefighters call defensible space on their properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mayor Canning admits that’s not everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The other school of thought is, let’s pretend, you know, what happened in the past is the past, it’ll never happen again,” the mayor says. “The amnesia response is problematic, especially if you’re not taking the precautions you need to as a business or a resident to be prepared. That’s where it’s dangerous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1974594\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1974594 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/hourglass_wide-b9c0563fb582494f99f104b43253a39d04e9d6d8-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/hourglass_wide-b9c0563fb582494f99f104b43253a39d04e9d6d8-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/hourglass_wide-b9c0563fb582494f99f104b43253a39d04e9d6d8-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/hourglass_wide-b9c0563fb582494f99f104b43253a39d04e9d6d8-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/hourglass_wide-b9c0563fb582494f99f104b43253a39d04e9d6d8-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/hourglass_wide-b9c0563fb582494f99f104b43253a39d04e9d6d8-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/hourglass_wide-b9c0563fb582494f99f104b43253a39d04e9d6d8-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/hourglass_wide-b9c0563fb582494f99f104b43253a39d04e9d6d8-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The entrance to the Hourglass Winery, with the Napa Sheriff’s Office evacuated tag from last year’s Glass Fire blowing in the wind. \u003ccite>(Eric Westervelt/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In late September last year, the fast-moving Glass Fire badly damaged nearly 30 Napa wineries, including family-owned \u003ca href=\"https://www.hourglasswines.com/%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hourglass wines\u003c/a>. It swept through as the region was still recovering from 2017’s record-setting fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was all remnants of the old farmhouse,” says Hourglass’ founder and president Jeff Smith, as he walks near a pile of charred stones that are all that remain of the winery’s guesthouse, built in 1852.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Smith says the hardest loss was the grove of old growth redwood, Douglas fir, oak and olive trees, even older than the house, most which now lie burnt and stacked for salvage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To me that was the soul of the property, those trees,” he says. “The buildings can be rebuilt, but the couple hundred-year-old trees, you know, you can’t just magically bring those right back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hourglass’ wine-making building is a total loss. Steel fermentation and storage tanks sit like sad, damaged sculptures: most of the 2020 vintage is still inside, cooked and useless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The devastating Glass Fire was just one of nearly 10,000 California wildfires last year that \u003ca href=\"https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2020/%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">burned more than four million acres\u003c/a> — a modern record. Across the West, more than 14,000 structures were destroyed, causing billions in damages. At least 46 people were killed as California, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/09/10/911389505/at-least-7-people-killed-in-west-coast-wildfires-dangerous-winds-forecast-to-eas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Oregon\u003c/a> and Colorado all saw record-breaking “megafires.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith, who was born and raised in Napa, is rebuilding. But he says the more frequent, more destructive wildfires have him rethinking everything about how he manages his land, business and life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, I grew up here, all of my roots are here and it’s my intention to stay and rebuild. But I think that there’s a lot of game-changing thought processes that we need to be going through,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Past vintages, stored in wooden barrels in stone and cement caves built into the hillside, survived the fire. Smith is looking to rebuild stronger, and smarter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re taking a much harder look at materials, defensible space, at fire suppression systems, access. You know, \u003cem>all \u003c/em>of these kinds of things to try to mitigate this into the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Smith is hopeful. He aims to rebuild enough this summer to crush and process this year’s grape harvest in a new facility here, along Napa’s famed Silverado Trail in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least, that’s the plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I tell my wine-making team: have a backup plan!” Smith says with a laugh. In a world-class wine region turned wine and wildfire zone, he concedes, “it’s always good to have a plan B.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Deepening+Drought+Holds+%27Ominous%27+Signs+For+Wildfire+Threat+In+The+West&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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