window.__IS_SSR__=true
window.__INITIAL_STATE__={
"attachmentsReducer": {
"audio_0": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_0",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background0.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_1": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_1",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background1.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_2": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_2",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background2.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_3": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_3",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background3.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_4": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_4",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background4.jpg"
}
}
},
"placeholder": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "placeholder",
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 512,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"small": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 32,
"height": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 50,
"height": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 64,
"height": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 96,
"height": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 128,
"height": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333
}
}
},
"science_1994825": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1994825",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994825",
"found": true
},
"title": "240909-BoylesFire-40-BL_qed",
"publishDate": 1729189053,
"status": "inherit",
"parent": 1994822,
"modified": 1729189093,
"caption": "PG&E crews work in Clearlake on Sept. 9, 2024, after the Boyles Fire swept through the area on Sept. 8. This week, PG&E has warned 20,000 customers of planned power outages to prevent its infrastructure from igniting wildfires as Northern California is forecast to see strong gusts.",
"credit": "Beth LaBerge/KQED",
"altTag": null,
"description": null,
"imgSizes": {
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240909-BoylesFire-40-BL_qed-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240909-BoylesFire-40-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240909-BoylesFire-40-BL_qed-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240909-BoylesFire-40-BL_qed-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 512,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240909-BoylesFire-40-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240909-BoylesFire-40-BL_qed-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240909-BoylesFire-40-BL_qed-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240909-BoylesFire-40-BL_qed-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240909-BoylesFire-40-BL_qed.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333
}
},
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1994788": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1994788",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994788",
"found": true
},
"title": "Comet Tsuchinshan-ATLAS",
"publishDate": 1729111228,
"status": "inherit",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1729184949,
"caption": "Comet captured rising above the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco on Sept. 27. ",
"credit": "Shreenivasan Manievannan",
"altTag": null,
"description": null,
"imgSizes": {
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Shreeni-09272024-800x800.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Shreeni-09272024-1020x1020.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Shreeni-09272024-160x160.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Shreeni-09272024-768x768.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Shreeni-09272024-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Shreeni-09272024-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Shreeni-09272024.jpg",
"width": 1080,
"height": 1080
}
},
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1994804": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1994804",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994804",
"found": true
},
"title": "Flames on gas hob",
"publishDate": 1729119581,
"status": "inherit",
"parent": 1994797,
"modified": 1729120500,
"caption": "A close-up of flames on a gas stove. A group of climate and labor activists are bringing a tax on natural gas use in large buildings to Berkeley voters on Nov. 5 in the form of Measure GG.",
"credit": "Sean Gladwell via Getty Images",
"altTag": "A close-up of flames on a gas stove.",
"description": null,
"imgSizes": {
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1347890261-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1347890261-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1347890261-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1347890261-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 512,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1347890261-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"2048x2048": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1347890261-2048x1365.jpg",
"width": 2048,
"height": 1365,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1347890261-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1347890261-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1347890261-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1347890261.jpg",
"width": 2121,
"height": 1414
}
},
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1994778": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1994778",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994778",
"found": true
},
"title": "I'm typing something important",
"publishDate": 1729028765,
"status": "inherit",
"parent": 1994754,
"modified": 1729029363,
"caption": "If you have the MyShake earthquake warning app installed on your phone, you'll get an emergency alert test on Thursday morning.",
"credit": "Getty Images",
"altTag": null,
"description": null,
"imgSizes": {
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1391696700-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1391696700-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1391696700-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1391696700-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 512,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1391696700-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"2048x2048": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1391696700-2048x1365.jpg",
"width": 2048,
"height": 1365,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1391696700-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1391696700-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1391696700-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/GettyImages-1391696700-scaled-e1775153140799.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1334
}
},
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1994767": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1994767",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994767",
"found": true
},
"title": "Federal Grand Jury Finds PG&E Guilty Of Obstructing Justice In San Bruno Explosion Investigation",
"publishDate": 1729024619,
"status": "inherit",
"parent": 1994759,
"modified": 1729024896,
"caption": "Dry, windy conditions across California are elevating fire risks, with forecasters warning that gusts up to 70 mph and dry grasses could fuel rapid wildfire growth. PG&E announced that customers in 30 counties may face temporary power shutoffs by week's end due to the heightened danger.",
"credit": "Justin Sullivan/Getty Images",
"altTag": null,
"description": null,
"imgSizes": {
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/PGE-800x554.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 554,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/PGE-1020x707.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 707,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/PGE-160x111.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 111,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/PGE-768x532.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 532,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/PGE-1536x1064.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1064,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/PGE-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/PGE-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/PGE-1920x1331.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1331,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/PGE.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1386
}
},
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1994743": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1994743",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994743",
"found": true
},
"title": "Pajaro Diptych-MD-01",
"publishDate": 1728698366,
"status": "inherit",
"parent": 1994736,
"modified": 1728938350,
"caption": "Left: Denia Escutia stands for a portrait outside her mud-coated bedroom in Pajaro on March 24, 2023. Right: Denia Escutia sits in her new bedroom in Pajaro on Aug. 20, 2024. ",
"credit": "Kori Suzuki/KQED; Right: Beth LaBerge/KQED",
"altTag": null,
"description": null,
"imgSizes": {
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Pajaro-Diptych-MD-01-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Pajaro-Diptych-MD-01-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Pajaro-Diptych-MD-01-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Pajaro-Diptych-MD-01-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 512,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Pajaro-Diptych-MD-01-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Pajaro-Diptych-MD-01-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Pajaro-Diptych-MD-01-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Pajaro-Diptych-MD-01-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Pajaro-Diptych-MD-01.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333
}
},
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1992828": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1992828",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1992828",
"found": true
},
"parent": 0,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/SDO_X5pt8_Flare_0122UT_May_11_2024_171-193-131-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/SDO_X5pt8_Flare_0122UT_May_11_2024_171-193-131-160x160.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 160
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/SDO_X5pt8_Flare_0122UT_May_11_2024_171-193-131-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/SDO_X5pt8_Flare_0122UT_May_11_2024_171-193-131-scaled.jpg",
"width": 2560,
"height": 2560
},
"2048x2048": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/SDO_X5pt8_Flare_0122UT_May_11_2024_171-193-131-2048x2048.jpg",
"width": 2048,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 2048
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/SDO_X5pt8_Flare_0122UT_May_11_2024_171-193-131-1020x1020.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1020
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/SDO_X5pt8_Flare_0122UT_May_11_2024_171-193-131-1536x1536.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1536
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/SDO_X5pt8_Flare_0122UT_May_11_2024_171-193-131-1920x1920.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1920
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/SDO_X5pt8_Flare_0122UT_May_11_2024_171-193-131-800x800.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 800
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/SDO_X5pt8_Flare_0122UT_May_11_2024_171-193-131-768x768.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 768
}
},
"publishDate": 1715983735,
"modified": 1715983778,
"caption": "NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) captured this image of an X5.8 solar flare peaking at 9:23 p.m. EDT on May 10, 2024. The image shows a subset of extreme ultraviolet light that highlights the extremely hot material in flares.",
"description": null,
"title": "Solar Flare",
"credit": "NASA SDO",
"status": "inherit",
"altTag": null,
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1994717": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1994717",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994717",
"found": true
},
"title": "KQEDClimateBookClub_Assets_1200x630",
"publishDate": 1728580488,
"status": "inherit",
"parent": 1994714,
"modified": 1728581122,
"caption": null,
"credit": "KQED Creative",
"altTag": "An illustration of a landscape with a tree on the right and a title that says \"KQED Climate Book Club.\"",
"description": null,
"imgSizes": {
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/KQEDClimateBookClub_Assets_1200x630-800x420.png",
"width": 800,
"height": 420,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/KQEDClimateBookClub_Assets_1200x630-1020x536.png",
"width": 1020,
"height": 536,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/KQEDClimateBookClub_Assets_1200x630-160x84.png",
"width": 160,
"height": 84,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/KQEDClimateBookClub_Assets_1200x630-768x403.png",
"width": 768,
"height": 403,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/KQEDClimateBookClub_Assets_1200x630-1536x807.png",
"width": 1536,
"height": 807,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"2048x2048": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/KQEDClimateBookClub_Assets_1200x630-2048x1075.png",
"width": 2048,
"height": 1075,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/KQEDClimateBookClub_Assets_1200x630-672x372.png",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/KQEDClimateBookClub_Assets_1200x630-1038x576.png",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/KQEDClimateBookClub_Assets_1200x630-1920x1008.png",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1008,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/KQEDClimateBookClub_Assets_1200x630-e1773868125949.png",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1050
}
},
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1994688": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1994688",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994688",
"found": true
},
"title": "Monarch Butterflies",
"publishDate": 1728495716,
"status": "inherit",
"parent": 1994687,
"modified": 1765496655,
"caption": "Western monarchs feed on Pacific aster nectar while overwintering in the Monarch Butterfly Sanctuary in Pacific Grove, California.",
"credit": "Courtesy of Barry Bergman",
"altTag": "Orange and black-colored butterflies flutter around white-petaled flower plants. The backdrop is the blue sky.",
"description": null,
"imgSizes": {
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/IMG_1398-2048x1365-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/IMG_1398-2048x1365-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/IMG_1398-2048x1365-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/IMG_1398-2048x1365-1-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 512,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/IMG_1398-2048x1365-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/IMG_1398-2048x1365-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/IMG_1398-2048x1365-1-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/IMG_1398-2048x1365-1-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/IMG_1398-2048x1365-1-e1770059158386.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333
}
},
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1994689": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1994689",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994689",
"found": true
},
"title": "20240711_HeatFeatures-6_qed",
"publishDate": 1728496624,
"status": "inherit",
"parent": 1994685,
"modified": 1754590027,
"caption": "Children enjoy the spray grounds at Prince Gateway Park in Santa Rosa as the temperature reached 100 degrees on July 11, 2024. ",
"credit": "Gina Castro/KQED",
"altTag": null,
"description": null,
"imgSizes": {
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20240711_HeatFeatures-6_qed-800x507.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 507,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20240711_HeatFeatures-6_qed-1020x647.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 647,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20240711_HeatFeatures-6_qed-160x101.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 101,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20240711_HeatFeatures-6_qed-768x487.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 487,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20240711_HeatFeatures-6_qed-1536x974.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 974,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20240711_HeatFeatures-6_qed-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20240711_HeatFeatures-6_qed-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20240711_HeatFeatures-6_qed-1920x1217.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1217,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20240711_HeatFeatures-6_qed.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1268
}
},
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1995145": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1995145",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1995145",
"found": true
},
"title": "DL1116_The-Bizarre-Biology-Of-5-Bloodsucking-Creatures_D_shield",
"publishDate": 1731452694,
"status": "inherit",
"parent": 1994611,
"modified": 1731452694,
"caption": null,
"credit": null,
"altTag": null,
"description": null,
"imgSizes": {
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/DL1116_The-Bizarre-Biology-Of-5-Bloodsucking-Creatures_D_shield-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 450,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/DL1116_The-Bizarre-Biology-Of-5-Bloodsucking-Creatures_D_shield-1020x574.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 574,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/DL1116_The-Bizarre-Biology-Of-5-Bloodsucking-Creatures_D_shield-160x90.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 90,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/DL1116_The-Bizarre-Biology-Of-5-Bloodsucking-Creatures_D_shield-768x432.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 432,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/DL1116_The-Bizarre-Biology-Of-5-Bloodsucking-Creatures_D_shield-1536x864.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 864,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/DL1116_The-Bizarre-Biology-Of-5-Bloodsucking-Creatures_D_shield-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/DL1116_The-Bizarre-Biology-Of-5-Bloodsucking-Creatures_D_shield-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/DL1116_The-Bizarre-Biology-Of-5-Bloodsucking-Creatures_D_shield.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080
}
},
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1994666": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1994666",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994666",
"found": true
},
"title": "California Heat",
"publishDate": 1728330586,
"status": "inherit",
"parent": 1994657,
"modified": 1728330606,
"caption": "Two women play in the water at Shadow Cliffs Regional Recreation Area in Pleasanton, California, on Aug. 17, 2015. The record-breaking heat wave that gripped the Bay Area for over a week has begun to ease, with relief expected inland early this week.",
"credit": "Jeff Chiu/AP Photo",
"altTag": null,
"description": null,
"imgSizes": {
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CALIFORNIAHEATWAVEAP-KQED-800x516.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 516,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CALIFORNIAHEATWAVEAP-KQED-1020x658.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 658,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CALIFORNIAHEATWAVEAP-KQED-160x103.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 103,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CALIFORNIAHEATWAVEAP-KQED-768x496.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 496,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CALIFORNIAHEATWAVEAP-KQED-1536x991.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 991,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CALIFORNIAHEATWAVEAP-KQED-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CALIFORNIAHEATWAVEAP-KQED-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CALIFORNIAHEATWAVEAP-KQED-1920x1239.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1239,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/CALIFORNIAHEATWAVEAP-KQED.jpg",
"width": 1956,
"height": 1262
}
},
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
}
},
"audioPlayerReducer": {
"postId": "stream_live",
"isPaused": true,
"isPlaying": false,
"pfsActive": false,
"pledgeModalIsOpen": true,
"playerDrawerIsOpen": false,
"liveAudioPlayStartedAt": 0,
"liveAudioPlayContext": ""
},
"authorsReducer": {
"byline_science_1994687": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_science_1994687",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_science_1994687",
"name": "Liza Gross",
"isLoading": false
},
"carlysevern": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "3243",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "3243",
"found": true
},
"name": "Carly Severn",
"firstName": "Carly",
"lastName": "Severn",
"slug": "carlysevern",
"email": "csevern@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [
"news"
],
"title": "Senior Editor, Audience News ",
"bio": "Carly is KQED's Senior Editor of Audience News on the Digital News team, and has reported for the California Report Magazine, Bay Curious and KQED Arts. She's formerly the host of \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/pop/category/the-cooler/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Cooler\u003c/a> podcast.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/2d8d6765f186e64c798cf7f0c8088a41?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "teacupinthebay",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "arts",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"administrator"
]
},
{
"site": "pop",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "futureofyou",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "about",
"roles": [
"administrator"
]
},
{
"site": "mindshift",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "bayareabites",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "stateofhealth",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "food",
"roles": [
"contributor"
]
},
{
"site": "forum",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "perspectives",
"roles": [
"administrator"
]
},
{
"site": "liveblog",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Carly Severn | KQED",
"description": "Senior Editor, Audience News ",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/2d8d6765f186e64c798cf7f0c8088a41?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/2d8d6765f186e64c798cf7f0c8088a41?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/carlysevern"
},
"joshua-cassidy": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "6219",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "6219",
"found": true
},
"name": "Josh Cassidy",
"firstName": "Josh",
"lastName": "Cassidy",
"slug": "joshua-cassidy",
"email": "jcassidy@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [
"science"
],
"title": "Digital Video Producer",
"bio": "Josh is a Senior Video Producer for KQED Science, and the Lead Producer and Cinematographer for Deep Look. After receiving his BS in Wildlife Biology from Ohio University, he went on to participate in marine mammal research for NOAA, USGS and the Intersea Foundation. He also served as the president of The Pacific Cetacean Group, a nonprofit organization dedicated to teaching students K-6 about whales. Josh studied science and natural history filmmaking at San Francisco State University and Montana State University.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f2582a0801a35af53b734d56bcac2bbe?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "quest",
"roles": [
"author",
"edit_others_posts"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Josh Cassidy | KQED",
"description": "Digital Video Producer",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f2582a0801a35af53b734d56bcac2bbe?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f2582a0801a35af53b734d56bcac2bbe?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/joshua-cassidy"
},
"lklivans": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "8648",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "8648",
"found": true
},
"name": "Laura Klivans",
"firstName": "Laura",
"lastName": "Klivans",
"slug": "lklivans",
"email": "lklivans@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": true,
"staff_mastheads": [
"news",
"science"
],
"title": "Reporter",
"bio": "Laura Klivans is an award-winning science reporter for KQED News, where she covers climate change with an eye on both groundbreaking progress and gaps in action. She is the former host of KQED's blockbuster video series about tiny, amazing animals, \u003cem>Deep Look\u003c/em>. Her work reaches national audiences through NPR, \u003cem>Here & Now, \u003c/em>PRI, and other major outlets. \r\n\r\nLaura’s won five Northern California Area Emmy Awards for Deep Look and First Place in the Greater Bay Area Journalism Awards for a podcast exploring how one Oakland neighborhood teamed up to reduce planet-heating pollution.\r\n\r\nBeyond her reporting, she hosts and moderates events. In the past, she taught audio storytelling at the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism, led international education programs, worked with immigrants and refugees along the Thai-Burmese border, taught high schoolers sex ed, and was an actress. \r\n\r\nShe's a former UC Berkeley Human Rights Fellow, USC Center for Health Journalism's California Fellow and Coro Fellow in Public Affairs. Laura has a master’s in journalism from UC Berkeley, a master’s in education from Harvard, and an undergraduate degree from Northwestern University.\r\n\r\nShe loves trying to riddle the meaning out of vanity license plates.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/af8e757bb8ce7b7fee6160ba66e37327?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "lauraklivans",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "stateofhealth",
"roles": [
"contributor",
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "forum",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Laura Klivans | KQED",
"description": "Reporter",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/af8e757bb8ce7b7fee6160ba66e37327?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/af8e757bb8ce7b7fee6160ba66e37327?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/lklivans"
},
"dventon": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "11088",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "11088",
"found": true
},
"name": "Danielle Venton",
"firstName": "Danielle",
"lastName": "Venton",
"slug": "dventon",
"email": "dventon@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": true,
"staff_mastheads": [
"science"
],
"title": "Science reporter",
"bio": "Danielle Venton is a reporter for KQED Science. She covers wildfires, space and oceans (though she is prone to sea sickness).\r\n\r\nBefore joining KQED in 2015, Danielle was a staff reporter at KRCB in Sonoma County and a freelancer. She studied science communication at UC Santa Cruz and formerly worked at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland where she wrote about computing. She lives in Sonoma County and enjoys backpacking.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ebaf11ee6cfb7bb40329a143d463829e?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "DanielleVenton",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "arts",
"roles": [
"contributor"
]
},
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "futureofyou",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "liveblog",
"roles": [
"contributor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Danielle Venton | KQED",
"description": "Science reporter",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ebaf11ee6cfb7bb40329a143d463829e?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ebaf11ee6cfb7bb40329a143d463829e?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/dventon"
},
"smohamad": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "11631",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "11631",
"found": true
},
"name": "Sarah Mohamad",
"firstName": "Sarah",
"lastName": "Mohamad",
"slug": "smohamad",
"email": "smohamad@KQED.org",
"display_author_email": true,
"staff_mastheads": [],
"title": "Engagement Producer and Reporter, KQED Science",
"bio": "Sarah Mohamad is an audience engagement reporter and producer for KQED Science. She reports on audience-focused science and environment stories and manages the team's social media, newsletter, and engagement efforts. Prior to this role, she played a key role as project manager for NSF's \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/crackingthecode\">\u003cem>Cracking the Code: Influencing Millennial Science Engagement\u003c/em> \u003c/a>audience research.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e6224957cd82d015183756ddde1f928013a563d7ca2e4565f8c4de1ec64886c5?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "sarahkmohamad",
"bluesky": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "arts",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "about",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Sarah Mohamad | KQED",
"description": "Engagement Producer and Reporter, KQED Science",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e6224957cd82d015183756ddde1f928013a563d7ca2e4565f8c4de1ec64886c5?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e6224957cd82d015183756ddde1f928013a563d7ca2e4565f8c4de1ec64886c5?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/smohamad"
},
"eromero": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "11746",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "11746",
"found": true
},
"name": "Ezra David Romero",
"firstName": "Ezra David",
"lastName": "Romero",
"slug": "eromero",
"email": "eromero@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": true,
"staff_mastheads": [
"news",
"science"
],
"title": "Climate Reporter",
"bio": "Ezra David Romero is a climate reporter for KQED News. He covers the absence and excess of water in the Bay Area — think sea level rise, flooding and drought. For nearly a decade he’s covered how warming temperatures are altering the lives of Californians. He’s reported on farmers worried their pistachio trees aren’t getting enough sleep, families desperate for water, scientists studying dying giant sequoias, and alongside firefighters containing wildfires. His work has appeared on local stations across California and nationally on public radio shows like Morning Edition, Here and Now, All Things Considered and Science Friday. ",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c76404d287c10ed40224227551ac36e24352c7306f106632caf6fead76f8801f?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "ezraromero",
"bluesky": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "arts",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "liveblog",
"roles": [
"author"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Ezra David Romero | KQED",
"description": "Climate Reporter",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c76404d287c10ed40224227551ac36e24352c7306f106632caf6fead76f8801f?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c76404d287c10ed40224227551ac36e24352c7306f106632caf6fead76f8801f?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/eromero"
}
},
"pagesReducer": {
"science_category_news": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_40",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "40",
"score": 10.810253
},
"featImg": null,
"name": "News",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "News Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 42,
"slug": "news",
"isLoading": false,
"title": "News",
"pageMeta": {
"site": "science",
"WpPageTemplate": "page-topic-editorial",
"currentPage": 25
},
"blocks": [
{
"blockName": "kqed/post-list",
"attrs": {
"layout": "cardArticle2",
"query": "posts/science?category=news",
"seeMore": false,
"paginated": true,
"page": 25
}
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/ad"
}
]
}
},
"pfsSessionReducer": {},
"postsReducer": {
"stream_live": {
"type": "live",
"id": "stream_live",
"audioUrl": "https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio",
"title": "Live Stream",
"excerpt": "Live Stream information currently unavailable.",
"link": "/radio",
"featImg": "",
"label": {
"name": "KQED Live",
"link": "/"
}
},
"stream_kqedNewscast": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "stream_kqedNewscast",
"audioUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1",
"title": "KQED Newscast",
"featImg": "",
"label": {
"name": "88.5 FM",
"link": "/"
}
},
"science_1994822": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1994822",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994822",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1729194617000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "bay-area-braces-for-wicked-winds-pge-power-cuts-heres-when-to-expect-them",
"title": "Bay Area Braces for Wicked Winds, PG&E Power Cuts. Here’s When to Expect Them",
"publishDate": 1729194617,
"format": "standard",
"headTitle": "Bay Area Braces for Wicked Winds, PG&E Power Cuts. Here’s When to Expect Them | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"site": "science"
},
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Update: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994844/pge-cuts-power-to-15000-customers-as-dry-winds-whip-across-california\">PG&E Cuts Power to 15,000 Customers as Dry Winds Whip Across California\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With Halloween just around the corner, this week won’t be a good time to decorate front yards with inflatable pumpkins or apartment stoops with giant skeletons. The entire Bay Area is in for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994759/high-california-fire-risk-pge-power-outages-30-counties-this-week\">a few days of extreme wind\u003c/a>, forecasters warn, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11836990/pge-shutoffs-are-here-again-what-to-know-about-power-outages-today\">PG&E has already begun to cut power\u003c/a> to customers in the region to prevent downed trees or branches from sparking a fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are starting to decorate for some of the different festivities and will certainly want to make sure they’ve got those items secure,” said Lamont Bain, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service’s Bay Area office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forecasters expect a significant wind event to bring strong gusts and high fire danger to most of the Bay Area, starting around 11 p.m. Thursday and ending Saturday at 5 p.m. The agency said the change in weather could bring offshore winds of 25–35 mph with gusts of up to 50 mph. At the highest peaks, gusts could reach nearly 65 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re already starting to see the sort of the first vestiges of those strong winds,” Bain said Thursday morning. “The San Francisco [International] Airport is starting to gust upwards of 25 miles an hour as we speak.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winds are caused by a storm system sliding down the Sierra Nevada with pressure that is higher than the pressure on the coastline. That pressure difference will force strong winds to flow from inland areas toward the Bay Area — offshore winds that are especially dangerous for fire because they tend to be drier, stronger and warmer than coastal breezes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1846978883234775539\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conditions have led the National Weather Service to issue a red flag warning for the entire Bay Area, Central Coast and northern Central Valley. In response, PG&E is warning \u003ca href=\"https://www.pgecurrents.com/articles/4063-psps-update-week-october-14-2024\">as many as 20,000 customers across two dozen counties\u003c/a> that it may need to shut off their power this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Windy conditions create elevated wildfire risk and the risk of debris or vegetation flying into our lines and potentially causing ignitions,” said Jake Zigelman, PG&E vice president of the Bay Area region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E equipment has been found responsible for starting several wildfires in recent years, including the deadliest and most destructive wildfire in California history. The Camp Fire, which was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11747485/cal-fires-official-finding-pge-equipment-touched-off-camp-fire\">sparked by a malfunctioning PG&E transmission line\u003c/a> in Butte County, killed 85 people and destroyed nearly 14,000 homes — leading to a $13.5 billion settlement with victims and liabilities that temporarily \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11879943/a-year-after-pge-left-bankruptcy-spending-by-fire-victim-trust-remains-a-mystery\">pushed the utility into bankruptcy protection\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11836990 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/RS43113_GettyImages-1188966941-qut-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Power disruptions are a challenge for our customers, but we’re squarely focused on safety and ensuring the safety of our part of the public and the communities we serve,” Zigelman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E said potential shut-offs could happen at some point Thursday in these counties: Alameda, Colusa, Contra Costa, Glenn, Lake, Mendocino, Napa, Santa Clara, Shasta, Solano, Sonoma, Tehama and Yolo. On Friday, the company could also turn off power to residents in these counties: Butte, Fresno, Madera, Mariposa, Merced, Monterey, Pluma, San Benito, Santa Barbara, Santa Cruz and Stanislaus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the potential wind impacts are spread across the Bay Area, Zigelman said, “the largest chunk of potential customers” who could lose power are in Napa and Solano counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents are encouraged to exercise extreme caution because the wind and low relative humidity will make it easier for a fire to start and rapidly spread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People should refrain from activities that could start a fire, Bain said, adding that “burning may actually be illegal” in areas under the red flag warning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don’t throw cigarette butts out the window; secure tire chains because when they drag, they can be efficient at creating a spark,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "PG&E has warned 20,000 customers of planned power outages to prevent its infrastructure from igniting wildfires as Northern California is forecast to see strong gusts.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1729264250,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 18,
"wordCount": 694
},
"headData": {
"title": "Bay Area Braces for Wicked Winds, PG&E Power Cuts. Here’s When to Expect Them | KQED",
"description": "PG&E has warned 20,000 customers of planned power outages to prevent its infrastructure from igniting wildfires as Northern California is forecast to see strong gusts.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Bay Area Braces for Wicked Winds, PG&E Power Cuts. Here’s When to Expect Them",
"datePublished": "2024-10-17T12:50:17-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-10-18T08:10:50-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"sticky": false,
"nprStoryId": "kqed-1994822",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/science/1994822/bay-area-braces-for-wicked-winds-pge-power-cuts-heres-when-to-expect-them",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Update: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994844/pge-cuts-power-to-15000-customers-as-dry-winds-whip-across-california\">PG&E Cuts Power to 15,000 Customers as Dry Winds Whip Across California\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With Halloween just around the corner, this week won’t be a good time to decorate front yards with inflatable pumpkins or apartment stoops with giant skeletons. The entire Bay Area is in for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994759/high-california-fire-risk-pge-power-outages-30-counties-this-week\">a few days of extreme wind\u003c/a>, forecasters warn, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11836990/pge-shutoffs-are-here-again-what-to-know-about-power-outages-today\">PG&E has already begun to cut power\u003c/a> to customers in the region to prevent downed trees or branches from sparking a fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are starting to decorate for some of the different festivities and will certainly want to make sure they’ve got those items secure,” said Lamont Bain, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service’s Bay Area office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forecasters expect a significant wind event to bring strong gusts and high fire danger to most of the Bay Area, starting around 11 p.m. Thursday and ending Saturday at 5 p.m. The agency said the change in weather could bring offshore winds of 25–35 mph with gusts of up to 50 mph. At the highest peaks, gusts could reach nearly 65 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re already starting to see the sort of the first vestiges of those strong winds,” Bain said Thursday morning. “The San Francisco [International] Airport is starting to gust upwards of 25 miles an hour as we speak.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winds are caused by a storm system sliding down the Sierra Nevada with pressure that is higher than the pressure on the coastline. That pressure difference will force strong winds to flow from inland areas toward the Bay Area — offshore winds that are especially dangerous for fire because they tend to be drier, stronger and warmer than coastal breezes.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "singleTwitterStatus",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"id": "1846978883234775539"
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>The conditions have led the National Weather Service to issue a red flag warning for the entire Bay Area, Central Coast and northern Central Valley. In response, PG&E is warning \u003ca href=\"https://www.pgecurrents.com/articles/4063-psps-update-week-october-14-2024\">as many as 20,000 customers across two dozen counties\u003c/a> that it may need to shut off their power this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Windy conditions create elevated wildfire risk and the risk of debris or vegetation flying into our lines and potentially causing ignitions,” said Jake Zigelman, PG&E vice president of the Bay Area region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E equipment has been found responsible for starting several wildfires in recent years, including the deadliest and most destructive wildfire in California history. The Camp Fire, which was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11747485/cal-fires-official-finding-pge-equipment-touched-off-camp-fire\">sparked by a malfunctioning PG&E transmission line\u003c/a> in Butte County, killed 85 people and destroyed nearly 14,000 homes — leading to a $13.5 billion settlement with victims and liabilities that temporarily \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11879943/a-year-after-pge-left-bankruptcy-spending-by-fire-victim-trust-remains-a-mystery\">pushed the utility into bankruptcy protection\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "aside",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"postid": "news_11836990",
"hero": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/RS43113_GettyImages-1188966941-qut-1020x680.jpg",
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Power disruptions are a challenge for our customers, but we’re squarely focused on safety and ensuring the safety of our part of the public and the communities we serve,” Zigelman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E said potential shut-offs could happen at some point Thursday in these counties: Alameda, Colusa, Contra Costa, Glenn, Lake, Mendocino, Napa, Santa Clara, Shasta, Solano, Sonoma, Tehama and Yolo. On Friday, the company could also turn off power to residents in these counties: Butte, Fresno, Madera, Mariposa, Merced, Monterey, Pluma, San Benito, Santa Barbara, Santa Cruz and Stanislaus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the potential wind impacts are spread across the Bay Area, Zigelman said, “the largest chunk of potential customers” who could lose power are in Napa and Solano counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents are encouraged to exercise extreme caution because the wind and low relative humidity will make it easier for a fire to start and rapidly spread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People should refrain from activities that could start a fire, Bain said, adding that “burning may actually be illegal” in areas under the red flag warning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don’t throw cigarette butts out the window; secure tire chains because when they drag, they can be efficient at creating a spark,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1994822/bay-area-braces-for-wicked-winds-pge-power-cuts-heres-when-to-expect-them",
"authors": [
"11746"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_33",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_2924",
"science_182",
"science_194",
"science_4417",
"science_4414",
"science_112",
"science_136",
"science_5235",
"science_365",
"science_5347",
"science_187"
],
"featImg": "science_1994825",
"label": "science"
},
"science_1994794": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1994794",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994794",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1729176492000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "where-to-see-comet-tonight-photos-bay-area",
"title": "Skywatching Guide: Catching a Comet Over the Bay Area",
"publishDate": 1729176492,
"format": "standard",
"headTitle": "Skywatching Guide: Catching a Comet Over the Bay Area | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"site": "science"
},
"content": "\u003cp>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">This story has been updated.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, Bay Area residents have been treated to several rare astronomical events, such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1991869/when-is-solar-eclipse-2024-bay-area-watch-parties\">solar eclipses\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1992745/see-northern-lights-aurora-borealis-bay-area\">auroras\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1993717/where-to-watch-perseids-meteor-shower-peak-bay-area-best-places-to-see\">meteor showers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the latest celestial event on display is a “cosmic snowball” — \u003ca href=\"https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/153444/comet-tsuchinshan-atlas-arrives-from-afar\">a rare comet\u003c/a> that was last visible around 80,000 years ago and that astronomers estimate won’t be visible again for another 80 millennia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The last appearance was before written records were made, and the next one may see a very different Earth from the one we have today,” Andrew Fraknoi, astronomer and professor at the University of San Francisco’s Fromm Institute, wrote in his \u003ca href=\"https://www.fraknoi.com/astronomy/a-comet-is-visible-in-our-night-skies/\">blog post\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The newly-discovered comet is formally known as Comet C/2023 A3 Tsuchinshan–ATLAS, named after the two observatories that first spotted the comet: China’s Tsuchinshan “Purple Mountain” Observatory and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/feature/atlas/\">Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System\u003c/a> (ATLAS) telescope in South Africa.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How to see this comet\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This comet, which is reportedly the \u003ca href=\"https://earthsky.org/space/comet-c-2023-a3-sep-oct-2024-tsuchinshan-atlas/\">brightest such comet in 27 years\u003c/a>, can be seen with the naked eye from now until the end of the month — although binoculars or telescopes will offer the clearest views.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best time to see the comet is about 45 minutes after sunset, and the comet light show will last for approximately 20 to 30 minutes after the sun goes down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the next few days, it will be visible close to the brightest night object, the planet Venus,” Fraknoi said. Viewers can look towards the west horizon of the night sky, get their eyes accustomed to the dark, and enjoy the view. You can also track the comet on \u003ca href=\"https://theskylive.com/planetarium?objects=sun-moon-c2022e3-mercury-venus-mars-jupiter-saturn-uranus-neptune-pluto&localdata=37.8774%7C-122.2817%7CCAL+Fire+Northern+Region%2C+United+States%7CAmerica%2FLos_Angeles%7C0&obj=c2022e3&h=09&m=00&date=2023-01-24#ra%7C15.219190334943296%7Cdec%7C60.2699547237815%7Cfov%7C10\">TheSkyLive\u003c/a> or through astronomy and sky apps like \u003ca href=\"https://stellarium.org/\">Stellarium\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://skysafariastronomy.com/\">SkySafari\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://starwalk.space/en\">Star Walk\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the comet won’t be as bright as earlier this month, when the comet was at its closest to our planet, you still have a chance of catching a glimpse of this snowy dirtball on a clear night until the end of the month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Each day, the comet is higher in the sky and will thus be visible a little bit longer before it sets in the West,” Fraknoi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a roundup of some of the rare sightings of the comet in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994793\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994793\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1346\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-800x997.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-1020x1271.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-160x199.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-768x957.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS streaks through the twilight sky, soaring above a sea of fog off the Marin County coast on the evening of Oct. 13. \u003ccite>(Dan Kurtzman Photography)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994792\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994792\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1346\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-2.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-2-800x997.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-2-1020x1271.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-2-160x199.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-2-768x957.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS streaks through the twilight sky, soaring above a sea of fog off the Marin County coast on the evening of Oct. 13. \u003ccite>(Dan Kurtzman Photography)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994791\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994791\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS captured in San Jose on Oct. 15. \u003ccite>(@me.abhinav_ on Instagram)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994790\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994790\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-2.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-2-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-2-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-2-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-2-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS captured on Oct. 15. \u003ccite>(@weekendwanderersinc on Instagram)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994789\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1020px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994789\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1020\" height=\"1020\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-3.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-3-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-3-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-3-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet Tsuchinshan–Atlas from Lake Elizabeth, Fremont. \u003ccite>(@akopparam on Instagram)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994788\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994788\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Shreeni-09272024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Shreeni-09272024.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Shreeni-09272024-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Shreeni-09272024-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Shreeni-09272024-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Shreeni-09272024-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet captured rising above the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco on Sept. 27. \u003ccite>(Shreenivasan Manievannan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994783\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994783\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10132024-Comet-setting-over-Golden-Gate-Bridge.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1316\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10132024-Comet-setting-over-Golden-Gate-Bridge.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10132024-Comet-setting-over-Golden-Gate-Bridge-800x975.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10132024-Comet-setting-over-Golden-Gate-Bridge-1020x1243.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10132024-Comet-setting-over-Golden-Gate-Bridge-160x195.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10132024-Comet-setting-over-Golden-Gate-Bridge-768x936.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet setting over the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco on Oct. 13. \u003ccite>(Sean Qiu)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994787\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994787\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1346\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-2.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-2-800x997.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-2-1020x1271.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-2-160x199.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-2-768x957.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS setting over Sutro Tower on Oct. 14. Taken from Alameda Shoreline. \u003ccite>(Sean Qiu)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994786\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994786\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1342\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-800x994.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-1020x1267.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-160x199.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-768x954.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS setting over Sutro Tower on Oct. 14. Taken from Alameda Shoreline. \u003ccite>(Sean Qiu)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994785\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1440px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994785\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Nemani-on-Reddit-10152024-from-Fremont-Vargas-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1440\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Nemani-on-Reddit-10152024-from-Fremont-Vargas-scaled.jpeg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Nemani-on-Reddit-10152024-from-Fremont-Vargas-800x1422.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Nemani-on-Reddit-10152024-from-Fremont-Vargas-1020x1813.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Nemani-on-Reddit-10152024-from-Fremont-Vargas-160x284.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Nemani-on-Reddit-10152024-from-Fremont-Vargas-768x1365.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Nemani-on-Reddit-10152024-from-Fremont-Vargas-864x1536.jpeg 864w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Nemani-on-Reddit-10152024-from-Fremont-Vargas-1152x2048.jpeg 1152w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Nemani-on-Reddit-10152024-from-Fremont-Vargas-1920x3413.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS from Fremont on Oct. 15. \u003ccite>(Nemani / Mr_ASquare on Reddit)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994784\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1841px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994784\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/grimdar-on-Reddit-10142024-comet-over-east-bay-hills-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1841\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/grimdar-on-Reddit-10142024-comet-over-east-bay-hills-scaled.jpeg 1841w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/grimdar-on-Reddit-10142024-comet-over-east-bay-hills-800x1113.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/grimdar-on-Reddit-10142024-comet-over-east-bay-hills-1020x1419.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/grimdar-on-Reddit-10142024-comet-over-east-bay-hills-160x223.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/grimdar-on-Reddit-10142024-comet-over-east-bay-hills-768x1068.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/grimdar-on-Reddit-10142024-comet-over-east-bay-hills-1104x1536.jpeg 1104w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/grimdar-on-Reddit-10142024-comet-over-east-bay-hills-1473x2048.jpeg 1473w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/grimdar-on-Reddit-10142024-comet-over-east-bay-hills-1920x2670.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1841px) 100vw, 1841px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS over Easy Bay Hills on Oct. 14. \u003ccite>(grimdar on Reddit )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS is now visible in our night skies. Here's how to see this comet that orbits the Sun, plus a roundup of photos captured in the Bay Area.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1747764742,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 13,
"wordCount": 578
},
"headData": {
"title": "Best time to See the Comet in the Bay Area | KQED",
"description": "See the best spots in the Bay Area to view Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS, a rare comet visible with the naked eye. Learn when and where to catch this celestial event.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"socialTitle": "Best time to See the Comet in the Bay Area | KQED",
"socialDescription": "See the best spots in the Bay Area to view Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS, a rare comet visible with the naked eye. Learn when and where to catch this celestial event.",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Skywatching Guide: Catching a Comet Over the Bay Area",
"datePublished": "2024-10-17T07:48:12-07:00",
"dateModified": "2025-05-20T11:12:22-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"sticky": false,
"nprStoryId": "kqed-1994794",
"templateType": "standard",
"featuredImageType": "standard",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/science/1994794/where-to-see-comet-tonight-photos-bay-area",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">This story has been updated.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, Bay Area residents have been treated to several rare astronomical events, such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1991869/when-is-solar-eclipse-2024-bay-area-watch-parties\">solar eclipses\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1992745/see-northern-lights-aurora-borealis-bay-area\">auroras\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1993717/where-to-watch-perseids-meteor-shower-peak-bay-area-best-places-to-see\">meteor showers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the latest celestial event on display is a “cosmic snowball” — \u003ca href=\"https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/153444/comet-tsuchinshan-atlas-arrives-from-afar\">a rare comet\u003c/a> that was last visible around 80,000 years ago and that astronomers estimate won’t be visible again for another 80 millennia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The last appearance was before written records were made, and the next one may see a very different Earth from the one we have today,” Andrew Fraknoi, astronomer and professor at the University of San Francisco’s Fromm Institute, wrote in his \u003ca href=\"https://www.fraknoi.com/astronomy/a-comet-is-visible-in-our-night-skies/\">blog post\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The newly-discovered comet is formally known as Comet C/2023 A3 Tsuchinshan–ATLAS, named after the two observatories that first spotted the comet: China’s Tsuchinshan “Purple Mountain” Observatory and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/feature/atlas/\">Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System\u003c/a> (ATLAS) telescope in South Africa.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How to see this comet\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This comet, which is reportedly the \u003ca href=\"https://earthsky.org/space/comet-c-2023-a3-sep-oct-2024-tsuchinshan-atlas/\">brightest such comet in 27 years\u003c/a>, can be seen with the naked eye from now until the end of the month — although binoculars or telescopes will offer the clearest views.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best time to see the comet is about 45 minutes after sunset, and the comet light show will last for approximately 20 to 30 minutes after the sun goes down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the next few days, it will be visible close to the brightest night object, the planet Venus,” Fraknoi said. Viewers can look towards the west horizon of the night sky, get their eyes accustomed to the dark, and enjoy the view. You can also track the comet on \u003ca href=\"https://theskylive.com/planetarium?objects=sun-moon-c2022e3-mercury-venus-mars-jupiter-saturn-uranus-neptune-pluto&localdata=37.8774%7C-122.2817%7CCAL+Fire+Northern+Region%2C+United+States%7CAmerica%2FLos_Angeles%7C0&obj=c2022e3&h=09&m=00&date=2023-01-24#ra%7C15.219190334943296%7Cdec%7C60.2699547237815%7Cfov%7C10\">TheSkyLive\u003c/a> or through astronomy and sky apps like \u003ca href=\"https://stellarium.org/\">Stellarium\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://skysafariastronomy.com/\">SkySafari\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://starwalk.space/en\">Star Walk\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the comet won’t be as bright as earlier this month, when the comet was at its closest to our planet, you still have a chance of catching a glimpse of this snowy dirtball on a clear night until the end of the month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Each day, the comet is higher in the sky and will thus be visible a little bit longer before it sets in the West,” Fraknoi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a roundup of some of the rare sightings of the comet in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994793\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994793\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1346\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-800x997.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-1020x1271.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-160x199.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-768x957.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS streaks through the twilight sky, soaring above a sea of fog off the Marin County coast on the evening of Oct. 13. \u003ccite>(Dan Kurtzman Photography)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994792\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994792\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1346\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-2.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-2-800x997.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-2-1020x1271.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-2-160x199.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Dan-Kurtzman-10132024-2-768x957.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS streaks through the twilight sky, soaring above a sea of fog off the Marin County coast on the evening of Oct. 13. \u003ccite>(Dan Kurtzman Photography)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994791\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994791\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS captured in San Jose on Oct. 15. \u003ccite>(@me.abhinav_ on Instagram)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994790\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994790\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-2.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-2-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-2-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-2-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-2-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS captured on Oct. 15. \u003ccite>(@weekendwanderersinc on Instagram)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994789\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1020px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994789\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1020\" height=\"1020\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-3.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-3-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-3-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Divya-10152024-3-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet Tsuchinshan–Atlas from Lake Elizabeth, Fremont. \u003ccite>(@akopparam on Instagram)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994788\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994788\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Shreeni-09272024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Shreeni-09272024.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Shreeni-09272024-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Shreeni-09272024-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Shreeni-09272024-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Shreeni-09272024-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet captured rising above the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco on Sept. 27. \u003ccite>(Shreenivasan Manievannan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994783\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994783\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10132024-Comet-setting-over-Golden-Gate-Bridge.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1316\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10132024-Comet-setting-over-Golden-Gate-Bridge.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10132024-Comet-setting-over-Golden-Gate-Bridge-800x975.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10132024-Comet-setting-over-Golden-Gate-Bridge-1020x1243.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10132024-Comet-setting-over-Golden-Gate-Bridge-160x195.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10132024-Comet-setting-over-Golden-Gate-Bridge-768x936.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet setting over the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco on Oct. 13. \u003ccite>(Sean Qiu)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994787\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994787\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1346\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-2.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-2-800x997.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-2-1020x1271.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-2-160x199.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-2-768x957.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS setting over Sutro Tower on Oct. 14. Taken from Alameda Shoreline. \u003ccite>(Sean Qiu)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994786\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994786\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1342\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-800x994.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-1020x1267.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-160x199.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Sean-Qiu-10142024-768x954.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS setting over Sutro Tower on Oct. 14. Taken from Alameda Shoreline. \u003ccite>(Sean Qiu)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994785\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1440px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994785\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Nemani-on-Reddit-10152024-from-Fremont-Vargas-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1440\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Nemani-on-Reddit-10152024-from-Fremont-Vargas-scaled.jpeg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Nemani-on-Reddit-10152024-from-Fremont-Vargas-800x1422.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Nemani-on-Reddit-10152024-from-Fremont-Vargas-1020x1813.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Nemani-on-Reddit-10152024-from-Fremont-Vargas-160x284.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Nemani-on-Reddit-10152024-from-Fremont-Vargas-768x1365.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Nemani-on-Reddit-10152024-from-Fremont-Vargas-864x1536.jpeg 864w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Nemani-on-Reddit-10152024-from-Fremont-Vargas-1152x2048.jpeg 1152w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/Nemani-on-Reddit-10152024-from-Fremont-Vargas-1920x3413.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS from Fremont on Oct. 15. \u003ccite>(Nemani / Mr_ASquare on Reddit)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994784\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1841px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994784\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/grimdar-on-Reddit-10142024-comet-over-east-bay-hills-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1841\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/grimdar-on-Reddit-10142024-comet-over-east-bay-hills-scaled.jpeg 1841w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/grimdar-on-Reddit-10142024-comet-over-east-bay-hills-800x1113.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/grimdar-on-Reddit-10142024-comet-over-east-bay-hills-1020x1419.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/grimdar-on-Reddit-10142024-comet-over-east-bay-hills-160x223.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/grimdar-on-Reddit-10142024-comet-over-east-bay-hills-768x1068.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/grimdar-on-Reddit-10142024-comet-over-east-bay-hills-1104x1536.jpeg 1104w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/grimdar-on-Reddit-10142024-comet-over-east-bay-hills-1473x2048.jpeg 1473w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/grimdar-on-Reddit-10142024-comet-over-east-bay-hills-1920x2670.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1841px) 100vw, 1841px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Comet Tsuchinshan–ATLAS over Easy Bay Hills on Oct. 14. \u003ccite>(grimdar on Reddit )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1994794/where-to-see-comet-tonight-photos-bay-area",
"authors": [
"11631"
],
"categories": [
"science_28",
"science_40",
"science_4450",
"science_3947"
],
"tags": [
"science_1073",
"science_4992",
"science_145",
"science_4414",
"science_577"
],
"featImg": "science_1994788",
"label": "science"
},
"science_1994797": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1994797",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994797",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1729162816000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "climate-activists-push-for-carbon-tax-with-measure-gg-but-critics-warn-it-could-backfire",
"title": "Berkeley Climate Activists Push for Carbon Tax With Measure GG, But Critics Warn it Could Backfire",
"publishDate": 1729162816,
"format": "standard",
"headTitle": "Berkeley Climate Activists Push for Carbon Tax With Measure GG, But Critics Warn it Could Backfire | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"site": "science"
},
"content": "\u003cp>A group of climate and labor activists, who call themselves Fossil Free Berkeley, are bringing a tax on natural gas use in large buildings to Berkeley voters on Nov. 5 in the form of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/voterguide/alameda/measures#measure-gg\">Measure GG\u003c/a>. They argue that a large tax is just the kind of “stick” society needs to cut emissions from buildings, and the climate crisis necessitates an aggressive timeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many in the city, including its state senator, mayor, assemblymember — and the David Brower Center, a “home for the environmental movement” — said while the measure is well-intentioned, the tax would essentially double the cost of gas for some in a very short timeframe, could backfire for future initiatives to decarbonize, and would likely drive businesses and nonprofits out of Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tax would apply to large, mostly commercial, buildings and be paid by their owners. Berkeley city staff estimate it would apply to 609 buildings and generate roughly $26.7 million annually, which would be larger than the city’s annual sales tax revenue. The first tax would be due in early 2026.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roughly a third of Berkeley’s climate emissions are from methane released from buildings: from appliances like furnaces, hot water heaters, clothes dryers and stoves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Funds raised would help convert buildings powered by gas to electricity, focusing on protecting tenants and concentrating on communities experiencing disproportionate pollution. And it would help Berkeley residents comply with costly rules set by the Bay Area Air Quality Management District requiring new water and space heaters to be zero-emission by 2027 and 2029, respectively. Some money would be spent on a workforce to accomplish this electrification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea for Measure GG came after a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11946999/court-strikes-down-berkeleys-landmark-ban-on-natural-gas-in-new-construction\">federal appeals court struck down a prior effort\u003c/a> by the city to chip away at pollution from buildings. Berkeley introduced a landmark ban on gas hookups in new construction in 2019, and more than 70 local and state jurisdictions followed suit before the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals said the regulation conflicted with federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniel Tahara, a Berkeley resident, Tesla engineer, and climate activist, wrote Measure GG. He said the high cost of a carbon tax \u003cem>should\u003c/em> come as a shock to people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a signal of how much we are underestimating the cost of the status quo,” Tahara said. “That’s how much damage we are doing to society. That’s how much we are subsidizing the use of methane.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tahara pointed to the \u003ca href=\"https://berkeleyca.gov/sites/default/files/2022-01/Berkeley-Existing-Buildings-Electrification-Strategy.pdf\">city’s own paper\u003c/a> outlining the need for building electrification, which states, “UCLA researchers \u003ca href=\"https://coeh.ph.ucla.edu/effects-of-residential-gas-appliances-on-indoor-and-outdoor-air-quality-and-public-health-in-california/\">estimate\u003c/a> that if we electrify all of the fossil fuel appliances in the Bay Area, we could avoid over 300 respiratory illnesses, save over 130 lives, and save $1.2 billion in healthcare costs — every year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tahara responded to pushback on how quickly the tax would go into effect – in January 2025, with the first collection in 2026.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The principle here is the climate’s not really giving us a phase-in,” Tahara said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additional proponents include environmental groups like 350 Bay Area and Citizens Climate Lobby of Alameda County, tenants rights organizations, and some labor unions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many of the city’s political, business and nonprofit leaders don’t think Measure GG is the policy to meet Berkeley, and California’s, climate goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy “is a very well-intentioned effort to reduce our carbon footprint and move large buildings off of natural gas,” said Maria Hassid, executive director of the Brower Center, which houses 25 nonprofits and businesses with like-minded missions. “Unfortunately, the people who wrote this well-intentioned measure didn’t really think through all of the consequences, and it has some really concerning ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will hit nonprofits like the Brower Center and the YMCA hard, Hassid said. While the measure exempts nonprofits with a revenue of under $1,000,000 from paying the tax, many will not make that cut-off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She estimated the tax will cost the Brower Center $90,000 annually (the city report estimates a slightly lower \u003ca href=\"https://berkeleyca.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2024-07-30%20Special%20Item%2010%20Section%209212%20Report%20Large%20Buildings%20Fossil%20Fuel.pdf\">$78,952\u003c/a>), and would force her organization to cut their extensive public programming as a result.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ric O’Connell, who heads a nonprofit working to create a low-carbon grid, called Measure GG a bad policy that would be neither effective nor durable. His organization, GridLab, is based at the Brower Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Moving off of gas takes time and significant investment in new equipment. Large buildings can’t simply install new, capital-intensive retrofits overnight, and PG&E often needs several years to install an upgraded power drop,” O’Connell wrote in a letter to the city council. “It’s like doubling the cost of gasoline at the pump and expecting people to switch to electric cars immediately. Businesses need time, and a tax that takes effect immediately and more than doubles costs will simply raise prices for everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Multiple businesses and nonprofits also oppose the measure, like Berkeley Bowl and the Berkeley Repertory Theatre.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Details of the carbon tax\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The tax would apply to buildings 15,000 square feet or larger, with certain exceptions, like for government buildings, single-family residences and residential buildings with at least 50% affordable units.[aside postID=\"news_11946999,news_11947150\" label=\"Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley residents currently pay about $2.33 per therm of gas, the unit of energy used to measure the commodity, according to UC Berkeley energy and economics professor \u003ca href=\"https://energyathaas.wordpress.com/2024/08/19/berkeley-makes-another-run-at-natural-gas/\">Severin Borenstein\u003c/a>. The measure would tax an additional $2.96 per therm of gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://fossilfreeberkeley.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/LargeBuildingsFossilFuelTax_Whitepaper.pdf\">tax calculation\u003c/a> is based on methane emissions, the largest component in natural gas, and the social cost of carbon, which estimates economic damage to society caused by greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its first year, Public Storage would pay around $900, Berkeley Bowl — for its Marketplace and West locations — roughly $279,000 and the pharmaceutical company Bayer would need to shell out nearly $6.5 million for its main campus on Dwight Way, according \u003ca href=\"https://berkeleyca.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2024-07-30%20Special%20Item%2010%20Section%209212%20Report%20Large%20Buildings%20Fossil%20Fuel.pdf\">to city estimates\u003c/a>.\u003cbr>\n[aside label=\"From the 2024 Voter Guide\" link1='https://www.kqed.org/voterguide/alameda,Alameda County: Your Voter Guide to Navigate the Candidates and Issues on Your Ballot' hero=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/80/2024/02/Aside-Voter-Guide-Local-Elections-Alameda-County-1200x1200-1.png]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building owners would pay the tax and be prohibited from passing the cost on to tenants in residential or mixed-use buildings through either increased rent or other costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From the standpoint of economics, the idea of a tax is very appealing because it encourages behavior and doesn’t mandate a specific action,” said Andrew Campbell, executive director of the Energy Institute at Haas at UC Berkeley, which takes no position on the ballot initiative. “But there are quite a few challenges around this particular measure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campbell called the tax rate “very, very high.” And while Berkeley’s former ban on gas hook ups applied to new buildings, this measure affects existing buildings, which are expensive to update. “If you plan for all-electric, no natural gas at the time of construction, it’s a much lower cost than coming in later,” Campbell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The biggest concern I would have is: how will the building owners respond and what will happen to the businesses?” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If businesses and nonprofits moved out of a place like Berkeley, Campbell added, which is very walkable and bikeable, they may land in a city less welcoming to pedestrians and bikes. That could lead to an unintended consequence of increased fuel use when people drive to get to the displaced ventures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campbell said he is troubled by the state’s extraordinarily high electricity rates. “When we’re talking about switching to electricity,” he said, “it’s pushing people into some very high rates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure GG requires a simple majority to pass.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "Grassroots climate activists argue a tax on gas use in large buildings will help all of Berkeley kick fossil fuels. But many politicians, businesses, and nonprofits, even those that work on climate, don’t think Measure GG is the policy to get there.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1729270235,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 32,
"wordCount": 1356
},
"headData": {
"title": "Berkeley Climate Activists Push for Carbon Tax With Measure GG, But Critics Warn it Could Backfire | KQED",
"description": "Grassroots climate activists argue a tax on gas use in large buildings will help all of Berkeley kick fossil fuels. But many politicians, businesses, and nonprofits, even those that work on climate, don’t think Measure GG is the policy to get there.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Berkeley Climate Activists Push for Carbon Tax With Measure GG, But Critics Warn it Could Backfire",
"datePublished": "2024-10-17T04:00:16-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-10-18T09:50:35-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"sticky": false,
"nprStoryId": "kqed-1994797",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/science/1994797/climate-activists-push-for-carbon-tax-with-measure-gg-but-critics-warn-it-could-backfire",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A group of climate and labor activists, who call themselves Fossil Free Berkeley, are bringing a tax on natural gas use in large buildings to Berkeley voters on Nov. 5 in the form of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/voterguide/alameda/measures#measure-gg\">Measure GG\u003c/a>. They argue that a large tax is just the kind of “stick” society needs to cut emissions from buildings, and the climate crisis necessitates an aggressive timeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many in the city, including its state senator, mayor, assemblymember — and the David Brower Center, a “home for the environmental movement” — said while the measure is well-intentioned, the tax would essentially double the cost of gas for some in a very short timeframe, could backfire for future initiatives to decarbonize, and would likely drive businesses and nonprofits out of Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tax would apply to large, mostly commercial, buildings and be paid by their owners. Berkeley city staff estimate it would apply to 609 buildings and generate roughly $26.7 million annually, which would be larger than the city’s annual sales tax revenue. The first tax would be due in early 2026.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roughly a third of Berkeley’s climate emissions are from methane released from buildings: from appliances like furnaces, hot water heaters, clothes dryers and stoves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Funds raised would help convert buildings powered by gas to electricity, focusing on protecting tenants and concentrating on communities experiencing disproportionate pollution. And it would help Berkeley residents comply with costly rules set by the Bay Area Air Quality Management District requiring new water and space heaters to be zero-emission by 2027 and 2029, respectively. Some money would be spent on a workforce to accomplish this electrification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea for Measure GG came after a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11946999/court-strikes-down-berkeleys-landmark-ban-on-natural-gas-in-new-construction\">federal appeals court struck down a prior effort\u003c/a> by the city to chip away at pollution from buildings. Berkeley introduced a landmark ban on gas hookups in new construction in 2019, and more than 70 local and state jurisdictions followed suit before the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals said the regulation conflicted with federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniel Tahara, a Berkeley resident, Tesla engineer, and climate activist, wrote Measure GG. He said the high cost of a carbon tax \u003cem>should\u003c/em> come as a shock to people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a signal of how much we are underestimating the cost of the status quo,” Tahara said. “That’s how much damage we are doing to society. That’s how much we are subsidizing the use of methane.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tahara pointed to the \u003ca href=\"https://berkeleyca.gov/sites/default/files/2022-01/Berkeley-Existing-Buildings-Electrification-Strategy.pdf\">city’s own paper\u003c/a> outlining the need for building electrification, which states, “UCLA researchers \u003ca href=\"https://coeh.ph.ucla.edu/effects-of-residential-gas-appliances-on-indoor-and-outdoor-air-quality-and-public-health-in-california/\">estimate\u003c/a> that if we electrify all of the fossil fuel appliances in the Bay Area, we could avoid over 300 respiratory illnesses, save over 130 lives, and save $1.2 billion in healthcare costs — every year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tahara responded to pushback on how quickly the tax would go into effect – in January 2025, with the first collection in 2026.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The principle here is the climate’s not really giving us a phase-in,” Tahara said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additional proponents include environmental groups like 350 Bay Area and Citizens Climate Lobby of Alameda County, tenants rights organizations, and some labor unions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many of the city’s political, business and nonprofit leaders don’t think Measure GG is the policy to meet Berkeley, and California’s, climate goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy “is a very well-intentioned effort to reduce our carbon footprint and move large buildings off of natural gas,” said Maria Hassid, executive director of the Brower Center, which houses 25 nonprofits and businesses with like-minded missions. “Unfortunately, the people who wrote this well-intentioned measure didn’t really think through all of the consequences, and it has some really concerning ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will hit nonprofits like the Brower Center and the YMCA hard, Hassid said. While the measure exempts nonprofits with a revenue of under $1,000,000 from paying the tax, many will not make that cut-off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She estimated the tax will cost the Brower Center $90,000 annually (the city report estimates a slightly lower \u003ca href=\"https://berkeleyca.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2024-07-30%20Special%20Item%2010%20Section%209212%20Report%20Large%20Buildings%20Fossil%20Fuel.pdf\">$78,952\u003c/a>), and would force her organization to cut their extensive public programming as a result.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ric O’Connell, who heads a nonprofit working to create a low-carbon grid, called Measure GG a bad policy that would be neither effective nor durable. His organization, GridLab, is based at the Brower Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Moving off of gas takes time and significant investment in new equipment. Large buildings can’t simply install new, capital-intensive retrofits overnight, and PG&E often needs several years to install an upgraded power drop,” O’Connell wrote in a letter to the city council. “It’s like doubling the cost of gasoline at the pump and expecting people to switch to electric cars immediately. Businesses need time, and a tax that takes effect immediately and more than doubles costs will simply raise prices for everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Multiple businesses and nonprofits also oppose the measure, like Berkeley Bowl and the Berkeley Repertory Theatre.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Details of the carbon tax\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The tax would apply to buildings 15,000 square feet or larger, with certain exceptions, like for government buildings, single-family residences and residential buildings with at least 50% affordable units.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "aside",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"postid": "news_11946999,news_11947150",
"label": "Related Stories "
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley residents currently pay about $2.33 per therm of gas, the unit of energy used to measure the commodity, according to UC Berkeley energy and economics professor \u003ca href=\"https://energyathaas.wordpress.com/2024/08/19/berkeley-makes-another-run-at-natural-gas/\">Severin Borenstein\u003c/a>. The measure would tax an additional $2.96 per therm of gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://fossilfreeberkeley.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/LargeBuildingsFossilFuelTax_Whitepaper.pdf\">tax calculation\u003c/a> is based on methane emissions, the largest component in natural gas, and the social cost of carbon, which estimates economic damage to society caused by greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its first year, Public Storage would pay around $900, Berkeley Bowl — for its Marketplace and West locations — roughly $279,000 and the pharmaceutical company Bayer would need to shell out nearly $6.5 million for its main campus on Dwight Way, according \u003ca href=\"https://berkeleyca.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2024-07-30%20Special%20Item%2010%20Section%209212%20Report%20Large%20Buildings%20Fossil%20Fuel.pdf\">to city estimates\u003c/a>.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "aside",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "From the 2024 Voter Guide ",
"link1": "https://www.kqed.org/voterguide/alameda,Alameda County: Your Voter Guide to Navigate the Candidates and Issues on Your Ballot",
"hero": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/80/2024/02/Aside-Voter-Guide-Local-Elections-Alameda-County-1200x1200-1.png"
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building owners would pay the tax and be prohibited from passing the cost on to tenants in residential or mixed-use buildings through either increased rent or other costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From the standpoint of economics, the idea of a tax is very appealing because it encourages behavior and doesn’t mandate a specific action,” said Andrew Campbell, executive director of the Energy Institute at Haas at UC Berkeley, which takes no position on the ballot initiative. “But there are quite a few challenges around this particular measure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campbell called the tax rate “very, very high.” And while Berkeley’s former ban on gas hook ups applied to new buildings, this measure affects existing buildings, which are expensive to update. “If you plan for all-electric, no natural gas at the time of construction, it’s a much lower cost than coming in later,” Campbell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The biggest concern I would have is: how will the building owners respond and what will happen to the businesses?” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If businesses and nonprofits moved out of a place like Berkeley, Campbell added, which is very walkable and bikeable, they may land in a city less welcoming to pedestrians and bikes. That could lead to an unintended consequence of increased fuel use when people drive to get to the displaced ventures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campbell said he is troubled by the state’s extraordinarily high electricity rates. “When we’re talking about switching to electricity,” he said, “it’s pushing people into some very high rates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure GG requires a simple majority to pass.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1994797/climate-activists-push-for-carbon-tax-with-measure-gg-but-critics-warn-it-could-backfire",
"authors": [
"8648"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_40",
"science_4450"
],
"tags": [
"science_765",
"science_4417"
],
"featImg": "science_1994804",
"label": "science"
},
"science_1994754": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1994754",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994754",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1729076420000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "emergency-alert-phone-earthquake-test-2024-myshake",
"title": "How the MyShake App Helps You Stay Prepared for Earthquakes",
"publishDate": 1729076420,
"format": "standard",
"headTitle": "How the MyShake App Helps You Stay Prepared for Earthquakes | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"site": "science"
},
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated, 4:15 p.m. Wednesday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do you have the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1977213/heres-where-to-download-californias-earthquake-early-warning-app\">MyShake earthquake warning app \u003c/a>downloaded on your cellphone?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re one of the 3.7 million Californians who do, you’ll be getting a loud earthquake test alert on Thursday morning as part of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.shakeout.org/faq/#:~:text=In%202023%2C%20International%20ShakeOut%20Day,participate%20%2D%20ShakeOut%20is%20for%20everyone.&text=You%20or%20your%20organization%2C%20however,that%20you%20find%20most%20convenient.\">Annual Great ShakeOut\u003c/a> quake preparedness drill that takes place across the globe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The MyShake app, developed by UC Berkeley seismologists and engineers as an earthquake early warning system, gets its quake data from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.shakealert.org/media-kit/\">U.S. Geological Services (USGS) ShakeAlert system\u003c/a> and sends an alert to phones that have the app based on whether they’re in the affected location.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, the timing of these test alerts and drills is particularly resonant, as Oct. 17 is also the 35th anniversary of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11780552/when-the-big-one-hit-unearthed-images-of-loma-prieta\">the devastating Loma Prieta earthquake of 1989\u003c/a>. This 6.9 magnitude quake killed 63 people and injured nearly 3,800 around the Bay Area, causing an estimated $6 billion in damage to the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge, freeways and homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday’s test alert also marks the fifth year for MyShake alerts, said Richard Allen, director of the Berkeley Seismology Lab — who noted that it’s also coming after two sizable earthquakes in Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2024/08/07/californias-first-in-the-nation-earthquake-warning-system-notified-millions-ahead-of-quake/\">Ahead of the 5.2 magnitude Lamont earthquake on Aug. 7, over half a million MyShake users received an alert.\u003c/a> On Sept. 12, 425,000 people were alerted ahead of time when \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/us/earthquake-magnitude-47-shakes-malibu-southern-california-usgs-2024-09-12/\">a 4.7 magnitude quake hit Malibu\u003c/a>, said Allen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for what you need to know about this latest test alert — and more ways to get these earthquake warnings for real.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#emergency-alert-phone\">I didn’t get the MyShake test alert. What happened?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>When will the MyShake earthquake test alert happen?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1977213/heres-where-to-download-californias-earthquake-early-warning-app\">MyShake app\u003c/a> will send the test alert on Thursday, Oct. 17, at 10:17 a.m. PDT.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This phone alert will only apply to people with the MyShake app who live in California, Oregon and Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What will the alert look and sound like?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The MyShake test alert will be in the form of an image that will tell people to \u003ca href=\"https://www.shakeout.org/dropcoverholdon/\">“Drop, Cover, and Hold On.”\u003c/a> You’ll also get an audio alert that will signify that this is a test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='science_1977213,science_1936949,science_1949019' label='Related coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How can I get the MyShake app if I don’t already have it?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you have an iPhone, you can \u003ca href=\"https://apps.apple.com/us/app/myshake/id1467058529\">download the MyShake app from the Apple app store\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you have an Android phone, you can \u003ca href=\"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=edu.berkeley.bsl.myshake&pli=1\">download MyShake from the Google Play store\u003c/a> — but Android phones will also get these alerts automatically through the Android operating system (more on this below.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1977213/heres-where-to-download-californias-earthquake-early-warning-app\">Read more about the evolution of the MyShake app.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How will this system be used when a real earthquake is detected?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When an earthquake happens, multiple earthquake stations will detect the shaking of the ground. Algorithms then estimate the earthquake’s location and expected magnitude.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://myshake.berkeley.edu/faq.html#troubleshooting\">If the earthquake is estimated to be magnitude 4.5 or greater,\u003c/a> MyShake will send an alert to phones in the affected area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christina Valen, a data analyst at UC Berkeley Seismological Laboratory, told KQED in 2023 that if someone is far enough from the earthquake’s epicenter, they will receive the alert a few seconds before the ground shaking gets more intense. These seconds of warning can be used to take protective action such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.shakeout.org/dropcoverholdon/\">Drop, Cover, and Hold On\u003c/a>, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"emergency-alert-phone\">\u003c/a>I have the app, but what if I don’t get the test alert?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you have the MyShake app, and you don’t get the alert on your phone on Thursday, don’t worry: It might be due to a few reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Your alerts and notifications might be disabled for the MyShake app, or MyShake may not have permission to run in your phone’s background. Since the alert will be sent to phones in California, Oregon and Washington, the app will rely on your location data in order to send you the test alert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that if you have your location services turned off, you might not be able to receive the alert. You can \u003ca href=\"myshake-info@berkeley.edu\">contact MyShake support\u003c/a> if you think you’ve encountered a problem with the app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s also another reason that people don’t receive MyShake alerts when they’re expecting them, said the Berkeley Seismology Lab’s Allen: They don’t actually have the app installed on their phone when they thought they did. And with other kinds of earthquake and emergency alerts in the mix (more on this below), “People get confused because there are different pathways for them to get alerts,” Allen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(If you did install MyShake in the past on your iPhone but you still don’t receive the alert, check that you don’t have the “Offload Unused Apps” turned on. This feature could have automatically uninstalled MyShake to save storage space if you haven’t used it in a while.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>If my phone is off or on airplane mode, will I receive the alert?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Just like a normal alert, MyShake is unable to send test alerts to phones that are off or in airplane mode.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For people who have the MyShake app and prefer not to receive the alerts on Thursday, \u003ca href=\"https://myshake.berkeley.edu/faq.html#shakeout\">MyShake advises people to silence their phones \u003c/a>from 10:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. on the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://myshake.berkeley.edu/faq.html#shakeout\">Find more frequently asked questions about MyShake here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are other ways than MyShake to get an alert if a real earthquake hits?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The ShakeAlert Earthquake Early Warning System (EEW) from USGS and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) sends \u003ca href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/how-do-i-sign-shakealertr-earthquake-early-warning-system\">earthquake alerts to people’s phones in multiple ways.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most widespread way is through Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEA), which sends loud alerts to all cellphones. If an earthquake is expected to be magnitude 5 or greater, \u003ca href=\"https://earthquake.ca.gov/wireless-emergency-alerts/#:~:text=WEA%20alerts%20will%20be%20sent,5.0%20with%20shaking%20intensity%204.\">USGS and FEMA will send a WEA to all capable devices. \u003c/a>(This, by the way, was\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11963137/fema-fcc-emergency-alert\"> the kind of emergency test alert that was sent out last fall\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ShakeAlert also powers other systems like MyShake alerts and \u003ca href=\"https://www.readysandiego.org/SDEmergencyApp/\">the ShakeReadySD app for San Diego residents. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2020, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1968352/android-phones-will-now-automatically-receive-california-earthquake-warnings\">Android phones have also been capable of receiving earthquake early warning alerts\u003c/a> through Google’s Android operating system — though users should still check their settings to make sure that earthquake alerts are enabled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MyShake differs from other alert delivery tools in that it collects user experience reports for earthquakes greater than magnitude 3.5 and uses motion data captured by phones for research purposes, UC Berkeley’s Valen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hope for this test alert is that when people receive it, they Drop, Cover, and Hold On.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It may feel a little silly waiting under a table while nothing happens, but ShakeOut is meant to be an opportunity to practice and build muscle memory for when we experience actual earthquakes,” Valen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Also, ShakeOut is a great opportunity to make a disaster plan, build an emergency supplies kit and identify potential hazards that could cause injury when an earthquake happens,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984781/myshake-earthquake-alert-test-thursday\">An earlier version of this story\u003c/a> originally published on Oct. 13, 2023.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "If you have the MyShake earthquake warning app installed on your phone, you'll be getting an emergency alert test Thursday morning. Here's what you need to know.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1747764813,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 37,
"wordCount": 1229
},
"headData": {
"title": "Role of MyShake in Earthquake Alerts and Safety | KQED",
"description": "Find out how California’s MyShake earthquake app works, what to expect from emergency test alerts, and how to set up your phone for early earthquake warnings.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"socialTitle": "Role of MyShake in Earthquake Alerts and Safety | KQED",
"socialDescription": "Find out how California’s MyShake earthquake app works, what to expect from emergency test alerts, and how to set up your phone for early earthquake warnings.",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "How the MyShake App Helps You Stay Prepared for Earthquakes",
"datePublished": "2024-10-16T04:00:20-07:00",
"dateModified": "2025-05-20T11:13:33-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"sticky": false,
"templateType": "standard",
"featuredImageType": "standard",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/science/1994754/emergency-alert-phone-earthquake-test-2024-myshake",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated, 4:15 p.m. Wednesday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do you have the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1977213/heres-where-to-download-californias-earthquake-early-warning-app\">MyShake earthquake warning app \u003c/a>downloaded on your cellphone?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re one of the 3.7 million Californians who do, you’ll be getting a loud earthquake test alert on Thursday morning as part of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.shakeout.org/faq/#:~:text=In%202023%2C%20International%20ShakeOut%20Day,participate%20%2D%20ShakeOut%20is%20for%20everyone.&text=You%20or%20your%20organization%2C%20however,that%20you%20find%20most%20convenient.\">Annual Great ShakeOut\u003c/a> quake preparedness drill that takes place across the globe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The MyShake app, developed by UC Berkeley seismologists and engineers as an earthquake early warning system, gets its quake data from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.shakealert.org/media-kit/\">U.S. Geological Services (USGS) ShakeAlert system\u003c/a> and sends an alert to phones that have the app based on whether they’re in the affected location.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, the timing of these test alerts and drills is particularly resonant, as Oct. 17 is also the 35th anniversary of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11780552/when-the-big-one-hit-unearthed-images-of-loma-prieta\">the devastating Loma Prieta earthquake of 1989\u003c/a>. This 6.9 magnitude quake killed 63 people and injured nearly 3,800 around the Bay Area, causing an estimated $6 billion in damage to the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge, freeways and homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday’s test alert also marks the fifth year for MyShake alerts, said Richard Allen, director of the Berkeley Seismology Lab — who noted that it’s also coming after two sizable earthquakes in Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2024/08/07/californias-first-in-the-nation-earthquake-warning-system-notified-millions-ahead-of-quake/\">Ahead of the 5.2 magnitude Lamont earthquake on Aug. 7, over half a million MyShake users received an alert.\u003c/a> On Sept. 12, 425,000 people were alerted ahead of time when \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/us/earthquake-magnitude-47-shakes-malibu-southern-california-usgs-2024-09-12/\">a 4.7 magnitude quake hit Malibu\u003c/a>, said Allen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for what you need to know about this latest test alert — and more ways to get these earthquake warnings for real.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#emergency-alert-phone\">I didn’t get the MyShake test alert. What happened?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>When will the MyShake earthquake test alert happen?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1977213/heres-where-to-download-californias-earthquake-early-warning-app\">MyShake app\u003c/a> will send the test alert on Thursday, Oct. 17, at 10:17 a.m. PDT.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This phone alert will only apply to people with the MyShake app who live in California, Oregon and Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What will the alert look and sound like?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The MyShake test alert will be in the form of an image that will tell people to \u003ca href=\"https://www.shakeout.org/dropcoverholdon/\">“Drop, Cover, and Hold On.”\u003c/a> You’ll also get an audio alert that will signify that this is a test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "aside",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"postid": "science_1977213,science_1936949,science_1949019",
"label": "Related coverage "
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How can I get the MyShake app if I don’t already have it?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you have an iPhone, you can \u003ca href=\"https://apps.apple.com/us/app/myshake/id1467058529\">download the MyShake app from the Apple app store\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you have an Android phone, you can \u003ca href=\"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=edu.berkeley.bsl.myshake&pli=1\">download MyShake from the Google Play store\u003c/a> — but Android phones will also get these alerts automatically through the Android operating system (more on this below.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1977213/heres-where-to-download-californias-earthquake-early-warning-app\">Read more about the evolution of the MyShake app.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How will this system be used when a real earthquake is detected?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When an earthquake happens, multiple earthquake stations will detect the shaking of the ground. Algorithms then estimate the earthquake’s location and expected magnitude.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://myshake.berkeley.edu/faq.html#troubleshooting\">If the earthquake is estimated to be magnitude 4.5 or greater,\u003c/a> MyShake will send an alert to phones in the affected area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christina Valen, a data analyst at UC Berkeley Seismological Laboratory, told KQED in 2023 that if someone is far enough from the earthquake’s epicenter, they will receive the alert a few seconds before the ground shaking gets more intense. These seconds of warning can be used to take protective action such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.shakeout.org/dropcoverholdon/\">Drop, Cover, and Hold On\u003c/a>, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"emergency-alert-phone\">\u003c/a>I have the app, but what if I don’t get the test alert?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you have the MyShake app, and you don’t get the alert on your phone on Thursday, don’t worry: It might be due to a few reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Your alerts and notifications might be disabled for the MyShake app, or MyShake may not have permission to run in your phone’s background. Since the alert will be sent to phones in California, Oregon and Washington, the app will rely on your location data in order to send you the test alert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that if you have your location services turned off, you might not be able to receive the alert. You can \u003ca href=\"myshake-info@berkeley.edu\">contact MyShake support\u003c/a> if you think you’ve encountered a problem with the app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s also another reason that people don’t receive MyShake alerts when they’re expecting them, said the Berkeley Seismology Lab’s Allen: They don’t actually have the app installed on their phone when they thought they did. And with other kinds of earthquake and emergency alerts in the mix (more on this below), “People get confused because there are different pathways for them to get alerts,” Allen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(If you did install MyShake in the past on your iPhone but you still don’t receive the alert, check that you don’t have the “Offload Unused Apps” turned on. This feature could have automatically uninstalled MyShake to save storage space if you haven’t used it in a while.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>If my phone is off or on airplane mode, will I receive the alert?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Just like a normal alert, MyShake is unable to send test alerts to phones that are off or in airplane mode.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For people who have the MyShake app and prefer not to receive the alerts on Thursday, \u003ca href=\"https://myshake.berkeley.edu/faq.html#shakeout\">MyShake advises people to silence their phones \u003c/a>from 10:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. on the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://myshake.berkeley.edu/faq.html#shakeout\">Find more frequently asked questions about MyShake here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are other ways than MyShake to get an alert if a real earthquake hits?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The ShakeAlert Earthquake Early Warning System (EEW) from USGS and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) sends \u003ca href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/how-do-i-sign-shakealertr-earthquake-early-warning-system\">earthquake alerts to people’s phones in multiple ways.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most widespread way is through Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEA), which sends loud alerts to all cellphones. If an earthquake is expected to be magnitude 5 or greater, \u003ca href=\"https://earthquake.ca.gov/wireless-emergency-alerts/#:~:text=WEA%20alerts%20will%20be%20sent,5.0%20with%20shaking%20intensity%204.\">USGS and FEMA will send a WEA to all capable devices. \u003c/a>(This, by the way, was\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11963137/fema-fcc-emergency-alert\"> the kind of emergency test alert that was sent out last fall\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ShakeAlert also powers other systems like MyShake alerts and \u003ca href=\"https://www.readysandiego.org/SDEmergencyApp/\">the ShakeReadySD app for San Diego residents. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2020, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1968352/android-phones-will-now-automatically-receive-california-earthquake-warnings\">Android phones have also been capable of receiving earthquake early warning alerts\u003c/a> through Google’s Android operating system — though users should still check their settings to make sure that earthquake alerts are enabled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MyShake differs from other alert delivery tools in that it collects user experience reports for earthquakes greater than magnitude 3.5 and uses motion data captured by phones for research purposes, UC Berkeley’s Valen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hope for this test alert is that when people receive it, they Drop, Cover, and Hold On.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It may feel a little silly waiting under a table while nothing happens, but ShakeOut is meant to be an opportunity to practice and build muscle memory for when we experience actual earthquakes,” Valen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Also, ShakeOut is a great opportunity to make a disaster plan, build an emergency supplies kit and identify potential hazards that could cause injury when an earthquake happens,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984781/myshake-earthquake-alert-test-thursday\">An earlier version of this story\u003c/a> originally published on Oct. 13, 2023.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1994754/emergency-alert-phone-earthquake-test-2024-myshake",
"authors": [
"11631",
"3243"
],
"categories": [
"science_40",
"science_4450"
],
"tags": [
"science_4992",
"science_257",
"science_427",
"science_218",
"science_2677"
],
"featImg": "science_1994778",
"label": "science"
},
"science_1994759": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1994759",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994759",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1729025110000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "high-california-fire-risk-pge-power-outages-30-counties-this-week",
"title": "High California Fire Risk Could Lead to PG&E Power Outages in 30 Counties This Week",
"publishDate": 1729025110,
"format": "standard",
"headTitle": "High California Fire Risk Could Lead to PG&E Power Outages in 30 Counties This Week | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"site": "science"
},
"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/pge\">PG&E\u003c/a> customers in 30 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/california\">California\u003c/a> counties could temporarily lose their electricity by the end of the week because of elevated fire risk across the state, the utility said Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://pgealerts.alerts.pge.com/psps-updates/7day/\">potential power shutoffs\u003c/a> are meant to avoid sparking a fire during critical conditions. The company reports that a “fully cured grass crop” is abundant at all elevations and that extra windy conditions could help a wildfire spread exceptionally quickly if a fire ignites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company’s meteorologists “are tracking a weather system that may bring strong winds up to 70 mph across parts of our service area,” said Megan McFarland, a public information officer for PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Weather Service has issued a red flag warning for the entire Central Coast, the Bay Area — including the San Francisco Bay shoreline — and the northern Central Valley. Dalton Behringer, a meteorologist with the agency’s Bay Area offices, said Californians should take extreme precautions because the dry and extra windy conditions will create perfect conditions for a wildfire to grow out of control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not out of the woods,” Behringer said. “We’re getting closer to the wet season, but we still have to be vigilant, even if there’s rain on the horizon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1846243799082979588\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Behringer said winds could reach 40 mph over mountain passes. In the Bay Area, the greatest threat is in the higher elevations of the North Bay, East Bay, Central Coast and Santa Cruz Mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By Thursday, the wind ramps up and then really switches around to that offshore direction by Thursday night,” Behringer said. “Friday and Saturday is when we see the driest conditions along with the wind.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11993386 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/ThompsonFireOrovilleAP1-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting Thursday, PG&E could cut power to customers in 12 counties: Alameda, Colusa, Contra Costa, Glenn, Lake, Mendocino, Napa, Shasta, Solano, Sonoma, Tehama and Yolo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the fire risk grows into the weekend, customers in 30 counties could go without power on Friday and Saturday in these counties: Alameda, Alpine, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Colusa, Contra Costa, El Dorado, Fresno, Glenn, Lake, Madera, Mariposa, Mendocino, Merced, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Placer, Plumas, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Shasta, Sierra, Solano, Sonoma, Stanislaus, Tehama, Tuolumne and Yolo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, the potential power shutoff is just a warning, and McFarland said customers will be notified by email, phone or text “to help them plan and prepare for a potential” planned power outage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McFarland said PG&E opened its emergency operations center in Vacaville on Tuesday before the potential power shutoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "Dry, windy conditions will elevate fire risk across California as forecasters warn that strong winds up to 70 mph and dry grasses could easily lead to a wildfire growing out of control.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1729026179,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 14,
"wordCount": 462
},
"headData": {
"title": "High California Fire Risk Could Lead to PG&E Power Outages in 30 Counties This Week | KQED",
"description": "Dry, windy conditions will elevate fire risk across California as forecasters warn that strong winds up to 70 mph and dry grasses could easily lead to a wildfire growing out of control.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "High California Fire Risk Could Lead to PG&E Power Outages in 30 Counties This Week",
"datePublished": "2024-10-15T13:45:10-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-10-15T14:02:59-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"sticky": false,
"nprStoryId": "kqed-1994759",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/science/1994759/high-california-fire-risk-pge-power-outages-30-counties-this-week",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/pge\">PG&E\u003c/a> customers in 30 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/california\">California\u003c/a> counties could temporarily lose their electricity by the end of the week because of elevated fire risk across the state, the utility said Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://pgealerts.alerts.pge.com/psps-updates/7day/\">potential power shutoffs\u003c/a> are meant to avoid sparking a fire during critical conditions. The company reports that a “fully cured grass crop” is abundant at all elevations and that extra windy conditions could help a wildfire spread exceptionally quickly if a fire ignites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company’s meteorologists “are tracking a weather system that may bring strong winds up to 70 mph across parts of our service area,” said Megan McFarland, a public information officer for PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Weather Service has issued a red flag warning for the entire Central Coast, the Bay Area — including the San Francisco Bay shoreline — and the northern Central Valley. Dalton Behringer, a meteorologist with the agency’s Bay Area offices, said Californians should take extreme precautions because the dry and extra windy conditions will create perfect conditions for a wildfire to grow out of control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not out of the woods,” Behringer said. “We’re getting closer to the wet season, but we still have to be vigilant, even if there’s rain on the horizon.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "singleTwitterStatus",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"id": "1846243799082979588"
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Behringer said winds could reach 40 mph over mountain passes. In the Bay Area, the greatest threat is in the higher elevations of the North Bay, East Bay, Central Coast and Santa Cruz Mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By Thursday, the wind ramps up and then really switches around to that offshore direction by Thursday night,” Behringer said. “Friday and Saturday is when we see the driest conditions along with the wind.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "aside",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"postid": "news_11993386",
"hero": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/ThompsonFireOrovilleAP1-1020x680.jpg",
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting Thursday, PG&E could cut power to customers in 12 counties: Alameda, Colusa, Contra Costa, Glenn, Lake, Mendocino, Napa, Shasta, Solano, Sonoma, Tehama and Yolo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the fire risk grows into the weekend, customers in 30 counties could go without power on Friday and Saturday in these counties: Alameda, Alpine, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Colusa, Contra Costa, El Dorado, Fresno, Glenn, Lake, Madera, Mariposa, Mendocino, Merced, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Placer, Plumas, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Shasta, Sierra, Solano, Sonoma, Stanislaus, Tehama, Tuolumne and Yolo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, the potential power shutoff is just a warning, and McFarland said customers will be notified by email, phone or text “to help them plan and prepare for a potential” planned power outage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McFarland said PG&E opened its emergency operations center in Vacaville on Tuesday before the potential power shutoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1994759/high-california-fire-risk-pge-power-outages-30-counties-this-week",
"authors": [
"11746"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_40",
"science_4450"
],
"tags": [
"science_2924",
"science_5178",
"science_182",
"science_194",
"science_4414",
"science_136",
"science_5235",
"science_309",
"science_365",
"science_5347"
],
"featImg": "science_1994767",
"label": "science"
},
"science_1994736": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1994736",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994736",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1728934242000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "sold-out-coming-home-to-a-flood-prone-california-landscape",
"title": "Coming Home to a Flood-Prone California Landscape",
"publishDate": 1728934242,
"format": "standard",
"headTitle": "Coming Home to a Flood-Prone California Landscape | KQED",
"labelTerm": {},
"content": "\u003cp>In March 2023, the rain-swollen Pajaro River burst the seams of a levee, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1982079/this-winters-floods-may-be-only-a-taste-of-the-megafloods-to-come-climate-scientists-warn\">flooding the rural Northern Monterey County town of Pajaro\u003c/a> in the dark of night and damaging hundreds of homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last season of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/soldout\">Sold Out\u003c/a>, we followed the story of the Escutia family as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984643/reluctant-retreat-one-familys-fight-against-climate-induced-flooding\">they set out to find a new place to call home.\u003c/a> Now, a year later, we share their next chapter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC3448175992&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family’s housing journey was anything but quick or easy. For a year and a half, they \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994168/the-pajaro-flood-forced-them-to-flee-californias-high-rents-forced-them-to-return\">cycled through a shelter, group homes, and the homes of friends and family members\u003c/a> as they searched for a permanent place they could afford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They vowed never to return to the floodplain but came up against the reality that this part of coastal California is the most expensive rental market in the county, and the number of homes is limited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=science_1994168]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August, the family broke their vow and moved into a home in Pajaro, right across the street from the house they fled from when the levee burst. They are happy to be settled again but are nervous that their new home will meet a similar demise if winter rains prove too strong for the levee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am scared the flooding might happen again, but I try to put it in the back of my head, telling myself it won’t happen for a few years and in a few years, we will probably not live here,” Carla Escutia said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994749\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994749\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240820-PajaroFolo-091-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240820-PajaroFolo-091-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240820-PajaroFolo-091-BL_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240820-PajaroFolo-091-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240820-PajaroFolo-091-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240820-PajaroFolo-091-BL_qed-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240820-PajaroFolo-091-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240820-PajaroFolo-091-BL_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Denia Escutia (left) and her mother, Carla, stand outside their new apartment in Pajaro on Aug. 20, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But there is good news for the Escutia and other Pajaro residents. The federal government recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994596/pajaro-river-levee-project-breaks-ground-as-winter-flood-concerns-loom\">broke ground on a massive levee revitalization project to withstand the storms of the future\u003c/a> made worse by human-caused climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials expect crews to finish widening the levee by 2031. Still, the area that crumbled won’t be completed for a few years, leaving residents whose homes were destroyed in fear they will succumb to floodwaters every year until the project is finished.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it floods again, where will we go when we just settled down? We’re taking that chance,” Denia Escutia said. [ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "After a year of trying to find new housing, the Escutia family finds itself just across the street from the house they fled after a levee broke and flooded the rural town of Pajaro in 2023.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1729549947,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": true,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 12,
"wordCount": 383
},
"headData": {
"title": "Coming Home to a Flood-Prone California Landscape | KQED",
"description": "After a year of trying to find new housing, the Escutia family finds itself just across the street from the house they fled after a levee broke and flooded the rural town of Pajaro in 2023.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Coming Home to a Flood-Prone California Landscape",
"datePublished": "2024-10-14T12:30:42-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-10-21T15:32:27-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"source": "Sold Out",
"sourceUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/soldout",
"sticky": false,
"nprStoryId": "kqed-1994736",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/science/1994736/sold-out-coming-home-to-a-flood-prone-california-landscape",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In March 2023, the rain-swollen Pajaro River burst the seams of a levee, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1982079/this-winters-floods-may-be-only-a-taste-of-the-megafloods-to-come-climate-scientists-warn\">flooding the rural Northern Monterey County town of Pajaro\u003c/a> in the dark of night and damaging hundreds of homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last season of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/soldout\">Sold Out\u003c/a>, we followed the story of the Escutia family as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984643/reluctant-retreat-one-familys-fight-against-climate-induced-flooding\">they set out to find a new place to call home.\u003c/a> Now, a year later, we share their next chapter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC3448175992&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family’s housing journey was anything but quick or easy. For a year and a half, they \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994168/the-pajaro-flood-forced-them-to-flee-californias-high-rents-forced-them-to-return\">cycled through a shelter, group homes, and the homes of friends and family members\u003c/a> as they searched for a permanent place they could afford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They vowed never to return to the floodplain but came up against the reality that this part of coastal California is the most expensive rental market in the county, and the number of homes is limited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "aside",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"postid": "science_1994168",
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August, the family broke their vow and moved into a home in Pajaro, right across the street from the house they fled from when the levee burst. They are happy to be settled again but are nervous that their new home will meet a similar demise if winter rains prove too strong for the levee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am scared the flooding might happen again, but I try to put it in the back of my head, telling myself it won’t happen for a few years and in a few years, we will probably not live here,” Carla Escutia said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994749\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994749\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240820-PajaroFolo-091-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240820-PajaroFolo-091-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240820-PajaroFolo-091-BL_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240820-PajaroFolo-091-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240820-PajaroFolo-091-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240820-PajaroFolo-091-BL_qed-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240820-PajaroFolo-091-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/240820-PajaroFolo-091-BL_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Denia Escutia (left) and her mother, Carla, stand outside their new apartment in Pajaro on Aug. 20, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But there is good news for the Escutia and other Pajaro residents. The federal government recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994596/pajaro-river-levee-project-breaks-ground-as-winter-flood-concerns-loom\">broke ground on a massive levee revitalization project to withstand the storms of the future\u003c/a> made worse by human-caused climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials expect crews to finish widening the levee by 2031. Still, the area that crumbled won’t be completed for a few years, leaving residents whose homes were destroyed in fear they will succumb to floodwaters every year until the project is finished.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it floods again, where will we go when we just settled down? We’re taking that chance,” Denia Escutia said. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1994736/sold-out-coming-home-to-a-flood-prone-california-landscape",
"authors": [
"11746"
],
"programs": [
"science_5140"
],
"categories": [
"science_40",
"science_4450"
],
"tags": [
"science_182",
"science_4414",
"science_3448",
"science_2114",
"science_5379",
"science_5072",
"science_5094",
"science_5073"
],
"featImg": "science_1994743",
"label": "source_science_1994736"
},
"science_1992826": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1992826",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1992826",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1728587118000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "how-solar-storms-that-bring-northern-lights-can-also-cause-tech-chaos",
"title": "How Solar Storms Create Northern Lights — and Disrupt Technology",
"publishDate": 1728587118,
"format": "image",
"headTitle": "How Solar Storms Create Northern Lights — and Disrupt Technology | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"site": "science"
},
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated at 12:00 p.m., Oct. 10\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Northern California night skywatchers could be in for a colorful show Thursday into Friday. \u003ca href=\"https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/news/g4-severe-storm-watch-10-11-october\">A powerful solar eruption may trigger visible auroras\u003c/a>, according to researchers at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, who detected the outburst from the sun earlier this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Northern lights from the Bay Area may be hard to see with the naked eye, but cameras and phones pointed straight up could \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1992745/see-northern-lights-aurora-borealis-bay-area\">capture the colorful hues of this rare aurora\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Original story from May 21, continues:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last weekend, a series of powerful solar storms brought the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1992745/see-northern-lights-aurora-borealis-bay-area\">northern lights to the Bay Area\u003c/a> and much of the world, illuminating the night skies with a mesmerizing display of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As well as causing the aurora borealis, these solar storms also have the potential to bring widespread disruption to Earth’s electrical systems — something that originally happened all the way back in 1859 during one of the largest geomagnetic storms recorded in history. And it’s happened since, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for a look back at the times that our planet has experienced technological chaos caused by solar storms — and what the chances might be of this happening again in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#nextnorthernlights\">When could I see the northern lights again in California?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#solarstormscience\">The science behind solar storms\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"historysolarstorms\">\u003c/a>The most intense solar storm in history: The Carrington event\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest \u003ca href=\"#solarstormscience\">solar storms\u003c/a> in history happened in September 1859, just a few months before the solar maximum — the peak of the 11-year solar cycle — of 1860. The storm, also known as the Carrington Event, was after British astronomer Richard Carrington, who first observed a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5215858/\">white light flare\u003c/a>” while looking for sunspots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The geomagnetic storm that ensued in the next 17 hours caused chaos to that era’s version of the World Wide Web and shocked telegraph operators around the globe, who found their networks disrupted and even saw fires in multiple telegraph stations throughout Europe and North America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to contemporary newspaper reports, for hours, telegraph operators were even able to use the overflowing current present in the air to continue working their \u003ca href=\"https://arstechnica.com/science/2012/05/1859s-great-auroral-stormthe-week-the-sun-touched-the-earth/\">unplugged telegraph machines\u003c/a>. One Portland operator reportedly said the machines worked “better than with our batteries on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992831\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992831\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/20240506110746_1024_aia_0131.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The sun emitted three strong solar flares. The first flare peaked at 2:01 a.m. EDT on May 5, 2024, and the second peaked at 7:54 a.m. EDT on May 5, 2024. The third peaked at 2:35 a.m. EDT on May 6, 2024. NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory, which watches the sun constantly, captured an image of the event. The imagery shows 131 Angstrom light, a subset of extreme ultraviolet light. The sequence culminates with an X4.5 flare. \u003ccite>(NASA SDO)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But the solar storm also created spectacular auroral displays in places beyond the usual polar latitudes, as far as south as Mexico and Hawaii. In the northeastern U.S., the northern lights were so bright that people reported using \u003ca href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/223344160_Eyewitness_Reports_of_the_Great_Auroral_Storm_of_1859\">the storm’s glow to read the newspaper at night\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A report from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-sonoma-county-journal-aurora-091859/147418815/\">\u003cem>Sonoma County Journal\u003c/em> in September 1859\u003c/a> described the beautiful view of the auroras seen in California as “exhibiting every hue from blood red to the faintest golden yellow, and extending from the horizon to the zenith in all directions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists today believe that multiple \u003ca href=\"#solarstormscience\">coronal mass ejections (CMEs)\u003c/a> hit Earth during the Carrington Event, arriving in the Earth’s atmosphere in just 17 hours — a journey that usually takes several days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How would Carrington 2.0 affect us today?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Luckily for us, solar storms like the Carrington Event only happen once every few centuries. So the likelihood of it happening during our lifetime is slim, according to Andrew Fraknoi, astronomer and professor at the University of San Francisco’s Fromm Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But, it could happen,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How would such an event today impact us, and are we prepared?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, we are in a much more vulnerable place than they were in 1859,” Fraknoi said. And while not at the same scale as the Carrington Event, the solar storm of March 1989 could give a preview of that potential impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The storm caused a massive power outage of \u003ca href=\"https://www.space.com/24983-auroras-1989-great-solar-storm.html\">Hydro-Québec’s electricity transmission system\u003c/a>, leaving 6 million Canadians in the dark for 9 hours and significantly interfering with the U.S. power grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992866\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2160px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992866\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_11_side-by-side_no_text.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2160\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_11_side-by-side_no_text.jpg 2160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_11_side-by-side_no_text-800x400.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_11_side-by-side_no_text-1020x510.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_11_side-by-side_no_text-160x80.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_11_side-by-side_no_text-768x384.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_11_side-by-side_no_text-1536x768.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_11_side-by-side_no_text-2048x1024.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_11_side-by-side_no_text-1920x960.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2160px) 100vw, 2160px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory captured images of the two solar flares on May 10 and May 11, 2024. The flares are classified as X5.8 and X1.5-class flares, respectively. The image shows a subset of extreme ultraviolet light that highlights the extremely hot material in flares created from a mixture of SDO’s AIA 193, 171 and 131 channels. \u003ccite>(NASA SDO)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12507/severe-space-weather-events-understanding-societal-and-economic-impacts-a\">2013 report by the National Academy of Sciences\u003c/a> estimates that such a storm now could cost one to two trillion dollars in the first year alone and take a decade to recover from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re dependent on GPS satellites, and the power grid is connected in very complicated ways among different parts of the U.S. and parts of North America,” Fraknoi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there were a huge amount of current coming from the sky, it could overwhelm or damage the power grid connections.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2013 report lays out the potential disruption on satellites, power grids and infrastructure, as well as the socioeconomic impacts of another Carrington Event happening today. Depending on the scale of the solar storms, disruptions can last for weeks or even years, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[aside postID=science_1992745 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/9C3BB325-2D3B-4450-AF51-36481D9C2232-1-1020x682.jpg']\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you can imagine a space weather storm strong enough to knock out power from New York down to the Carolinas for weeks, that’s not ‘a bad day’ anymore. That’s a national security risk,” said Bryan Brasher, Project Manager at the Space Weather Prediction Center for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brasher works with the team that predicts space weather events like the recent solar storms we experienced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a massive geomagnetic storm like the Carrington Event were to happen today, he said, it could interfere with radio communications and GPS signals and disrupt operations on spacecraft and even pipelines and railroads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Brasher is optimistic that our understanding of space weather prediction has improved over the last century — and more research is being done to mitigate any catastrophic events that could result from a large solar storm event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think today we like to think that by doing our job to provide forecasts and information to these critical system operators, that they will take mitigating factors to help prevent failures,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992860\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992860\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_7-8_2024_SDO_131_Dual_Active_Regions_bigger.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"562\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory captured these images of the solar flares — as seen in the bright flashes in the left image (May 8 flare) and the right image (May 7 flare). The image shows 131 angstrom light, a subset of extreme ultraviolet light that highlights the extremely hot material in flares and is colorized in orange. \u003ccite>(NASA SDO)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"solarstormcali\">\u003c/a>Other large solar storms that brought aurora sightings to California\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Here’s a list of other large geomagnetic storms that disrupted technology in parts of the U.S. These storms may not necessarily have caused disruptions in California, but sightings of the aurora were visible in the region during most of these storms:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>November 1882:\u003c/strong> A report in the \u003cem>SF Examiner\u003c/em> in 1882 mentions interruptions to telegraphic communications in places like New York, Chicago, and Boston, with sightings of the aurora visible from Mendocino. “\u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-aurora-111882/147435675/\">The hues are deep crimson, shading to light green on the horizon. It lasted several hours,\u003c/a>” wrote the \u003cem>Examiner\u003c/em>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>May 1921:\u003c/strong> A powerful solar storm known as the New York Railroad Storm caused a fire near the Grand Central Terminal in New York. There were reports of damages to telegraph systems in Europe and the Southern Hemisphere. Reports of aurora sightings in San Francisco, Oakland, and Santa Clara were described as “brilliant hued skies,” according to the \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/article/san-francisco-chronicle-aurora-051921/147435792/\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>August 1972:\u003c/strong> Solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) caused solar storms that disrupted communication grids and satellite communications in North America, with \u003ca href=\"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/a-solar-storm-detonated-u-s-navy-mines-during-the-vietnam-war/\">reports\u003c/a> saying it caused the accidental detonation of a number of U.S. naval mines near North Vietnam.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 1989:\u003c/strong> Although no technological disruptions occurred here in California, a “night sky glow” that “varied in color from a whitish green to a brilliant red” was seen in Napa, Solano, Mendocino and San Luis Obispo, according to \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-aurora-031989/147435466/\">SF Examiner.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>October 2003:\u003c/strong> Also known as “the Halloween solar storms,” this event caused interruptions to satellite-based systems and communications and aircraft were advised to avoid high altitudes near the polar regions. Again, aurora was visible in California as reported by \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/image/92182338/?match=1&clipping_id=147513277\">Santa Cruz Sentinal\u003c/a>\u003c/em>: “A mysterious light that appeared to fall from the sky over the Santa Cruz Mountains had many residents calling emergency dispatchers Thursday night.”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992755\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992755\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/E461FAA3-2C83-46D6-B90E-BE77A67A3490-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/E461FAA3-2C83-46D6-B90E-BE77A67A3490-1.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/E461FAA3-2C83-46D6-B90E-BE77A67A3490-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/E461FAA3-2C83-46D6-B90E-BE77A67A3490-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/E461FAA3-2C83-46D6-B90E-BE77A67A3490-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/E461FAA3-2C83-46D6-B90E-BE77A67A3490-1-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of the northern lights in Sonoma County on May 10, 2024. \u003ccite>(Shreenivasan Manievannan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"solarstormscience\">\u003c/a>The science behind solar storms: Understanding space weather\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>To understand space weather, we have to look at the (literal) star of the show: the sun. While this big ball of hot gas is more than 90 million miles away, its influence on Earth and our environment is massive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Solar winds, flares and ‘cannonballs’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sun’s dynamic and complex body continuously emits charged particles into space called solar wind, which astronomer Fraknoi describes as “kind of like a breeze of particles from the sun.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It goes in all directions from the sun, and it always comes toward the Earth,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a complex magnetic field woven throughout the sun,” Fraknoi said, thanks to these charged particles and the rotation of the sun. And as the magnetic field rotates with the sun, it stretches, twists and snaps like a rubber band.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When that snap happens, particles and energy from the sun are released into space, causing a giant flash of light called a solar flare — which travels at the speed of light in all directions and takes about eight minutes to reach Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when a larger amount of those same particles is released, that’s called a coronal mass ejection (CME) — which Fraknoi describes as “blobs of charged particles” hurled out in space. CMEs take one to three days to reach Earth — and unlike solar flares that appear as a flash of light, CMEs look more like explosions in space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992862\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1992862 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May8-2024_Flares_SDO131_Limb.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory captured this imagery of solar flares from May 7–8, 2024. The imagery shows 131 Angstrom light, a subset of extreme ultraviolet light. \u003ccite>(NASA SDO)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Solar flares almost always precede a CME. And because it can take days for a CME to reach Earth, flares let the team at Space Weather Prediction Center at NOAA send out early warnings to the masses, Fraknoi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most times, these CMEs from the sun are pointed towards random directions in space. “But every once in a while, the coronal mass ejection is pointed toward Earth,” Fraknoi said. And when it is, that’s when we get a strong geomagnetic storm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brasher said he likes to think of solar flares like the flash at the end of a cannon when it shoots off — and “you can think of the cannonball as being like a CME,” he said. “It’s massive, it has weight. It travels much slower than the speed of light — and most importantly, has a direction component to it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Earth also has its own magnetic fields that function as a “protective bottle” known as a magnetosphere. The Earth’s magnetosphere is weaker in the north and south poles, noted Fraknoi — making places like Alaska and Antarctica great spots to see the aurora more regularly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What causes these aurora?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When charged particles flowing from the sun get caught up in the Earth’s magnetic field, it energizes the atmosphere’s molecules (like nitrogen and oxygen), excites them and creates a colorful display of light we know as the aurora, or the northern lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The different colors we see from Earth — the hues of green, red, purple, and blue — depend on which molecule is being excited by the charged particles and on how much energy is being exchanged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992853\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 940px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992853\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/phenomena_header.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"940\" height=\"562\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/phenomena_header.png 940w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/phenomena_header-800x478.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/phenomena_header-160x96.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/phenomena_header-768x459.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Earth’s magnetosphere deflects most solar energy and particles, but occasionally, some make it down into the auroral ovals at the North and South poles. \u003ccite>(NOAA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If the northern lights are most common around the poles, how do we see them all the way here in the Bay Area?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During strong geomagnetic storms like the one we experienced over a week ago — usually when a CME is involved — the aurora that is usually only visible in those polar regions is now supercharged and distributed even more geographically, making them visible in places you don’t normally see them.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"nextnorthernlights\">\u003c/a>When could be my next chance to see the northern lights in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While many were lucky enough to clearly see the recent aurora caused by one of the largest solar storms in over 20 years, folks who weren’t so fortunate shared \u003ca href=\"https://www.boredpanda.com/northern-lights-jokes-memes/\">memes on social media\u003c/a> about their \u003ca href=\"https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/FOMO\">FOMO\u003c/a>, with one user calling this elusive glow the “\u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/bayarea/comments/1cpc8pe/comment/l3koer0/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=web3x&utm_name=web3xcss&utm_term=1&utm_content=share_button\">aurora \u003cem>fog\u003c/em>ealis\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if that was you, there’s still hope. Experts say we might see more auroras in the next couple of years, thanks to the sun’s cycle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992769\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992769\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/GettyImages-2151894225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/GettyImages-2151894225.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/GettyImages-2151894225-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/GettyImages-2151894225-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/GettyImages-2151894225-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/GettyImages-2151894225-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Northern Lights (aurora borealis) illuminate the sky of San Francisco North Bay as seen from China Camp Beach in San Rafael, California on May 11, 2024. \u003ccite>(Tayfun Coskun/Anadolu via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The sun undergoes an eleven-year solar cycle, with solar activity rising and falling. We are currently approaching the peak of the solar cycle, also known as the solar maximum. During this period, space weather events like solar flares and CMEs can happen more often.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During the solar cycle, the sun’s magnetic field goes from being really uniform and easy to getting really complicated, intertwined and complex,” Brasher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists predict these solar storms will reach their peak in 2025. But sometimes, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-01432-7\">the biggest storms can hit years after the solar maximum\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To stay up to date with the latest news on geomagnetic storms, you can \u003ca href=\"https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/content/subscription-services\">subscribe to email updates from the Space Weather Prediction Center at NOAA\u003c/a>. Brasher recommends subscribing to notifications of G4 and G5 storm alerts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The mysteries of the sun are still out there,” Brasher said. “We have a lot to understand about the dynamo, and the dynamics of it and how it impacts Earth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "In 1859, a massive solar storm brought the aurora borealis to awed onlookers — but also knocked out Earth's early communications networks. Could it happen again? ",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1749120131,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 55,
"wordCount": 2537
},
"headData": {
"title": "Solar Storms: Beauty & Potential Tech Disruptions | KQED",
"description": "Solar storms can create stunning auroras but may also disrupt power grids, GPS, and communications. Understand the risks and how to stay prepared.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"socialTitle": "Solar Storms: Beauty & Potential Tech Disruptions | KQED",
"socialDescription": "Solar storms can create stunning auroras but may also disrupt power grids, GPS, and communications. Understand the risks and how to stay prepared.",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "How Solar Storms Create Northern Lights — and Disrupt Technology",
"datePublished": "2024-10-10T12:05:18-07:00",
"dateModified": "2025-06-05T03:42:11-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"sticky": false,
"nprStoryId": "kqed-1992826",
"templateType": "standard",
"featuredImageType": "standard",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/science/1992826/how-solar-storms-that-bring-northern-lights-can-also-cause-tech-chaos",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated at 12:00 p.m., Oct. 10\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Northern California night skywatchers could be in for a colorful show Thursday into Friday. \u003ca href=\"https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/news/g4-severe-storm-watch-10-11-october\">A powerful solar eruption may trigger visible auroras\u003c/a>, according to researchers at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, who detected the outburst from the sun earlier this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Northern lights from the Bay Area may be hard to see with the naked eye, but cameras and phones pointed straight up could \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1992745/see-northern-lights-aurora-borealis-bay-area\">capture the colorful hues of this rare aurora\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Original story from May 21, continues:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last weekend, a series of powerful solar storms brought the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1992745/see-northern-lights-aurora-borealis-bay-area\">northern lights to the Bay Area\u003c/a> and much of the world, illuminating the night skies with a mesmerizing display of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As well as causing the aurora borealis, these solar storms also have the potential to bring widespread disruption to Earth’s electrical systems — something that originally happened all the way back in 1859 during one of the largest geomagnetic storms recorded in history. And it’s happened since, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for a look back at the times that our planet has experienced technological chaos caused by solar storms — and what the chances might be of this happening again in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#nextnorthernlights\">When could I see the northern lights again in California?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#solarstormscience\">The science behind solar storms\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"historysolarstorms\">\u003c/a>The most intense solar storm in history: The Carrington event\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest \u003ca href=\"#solarstormscience\">solar storms\u003c/a> in history happened in September 1859, just a few months before the solar maximum — the peak of the 11-year solar cycle — of 1860. The storm, also known as the Carrington Event, was after British astronomer Richard Carrington, who first observed a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5215858/\">white light flare\u003c/a>” while looking for sunspots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The geomagnetic storm that ensued in the next 17 hours caused chaos to that era’s version of the World Wide Web and shocked telegraph operators around the globe, who found their networks disrupted and even saw fires in multiple telegraph stations throughout Europe and North America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to contemporary newspaper reports, for hours, telegraph operators were even able to use the overflowing current present in the air to continue working their \u003ca href=\"https://arstechnica.com/science/2012/05/1859s-great-auroral-stormthe-week-the-sun-touched-the-earth/\">unplugged telegraph machines\u003c/a>. One Portland operator reportedly said the machines worked “better than with our batteries on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992831\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992831\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/20240506110746_1024_aia_0131.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The sun emitted three strong solar flares. The first flare peaked at 2:01 a.m. EDT on May 5, 2024, and the second peaked at 7:54 a.m. EDT on May 5, 2024. The third peaked at 2:35 a.m. EDT on May 6, 2024. NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory, which watches the sun constantly, captured an image of the event. The imagery shows 131 Angstrom light, a subset of extreme ultraviolet light. The sequence culminates with an X4.5 flare. \u003ccite>(NASA SDO)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But the solar storm also created spectacular auroral displays in places beyond the usual polar latitudes, as far as south as Mexico and Hawaii. In the northeastern U.S., the northern lights were so bright that people reported using \u003ca href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/223344160_Eyewitness_Reports_of_the_Great_Auroral_Storm_of_1859\">the storm’s glow to read the newspaper at night\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A report from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-sonoma-county-journal-aurora-091859/147418815/\">\u003cem>Sonoma County Journal\u003c/em> in September 1859\u003c/a> described the beautiful view of the auroras seen in California as “exhibiting every hue from blood red to the faintest golden yellow, and extending from the horizon to the zenith in all directions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists today believe that multiple \u003ca href=\"#solarstormscience\">coronal mass ejections (CMEs)\u003c/a> hit Earth during the Carrington Event, arriving in the Earth’s atmosphere in just 17 hours — a journey that usually takes several days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How would Carrington 2.0 affect us today?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Luckily for us, solar storms like the Carrington Event only happen once every few centuries. So the likelihood of it happening during our lifetime is slim, according to Andrew Fraknoi, astronomer and professor at the University of San Francisco’s Fromm Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But, it could happen,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How would such an event today impact us, and are we prepared?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, we are in a much more vulnerable place than they were in 1859,” Fraknoi said. And while not at the same scale as the Carrington Event, the solar storm of March 1989 could give a preview of that potential impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The storm caused a massive power outage of \u003ca href=\"https://www.space.com/24983-auroras-1989-great-solar-storm.html\">Hydro-Québec’s electricity transmission system\u003c/a>, leaving 6 million Canadians in the dark for 9 hours and significantly interfering with the U.S. power grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992866\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2160px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992866\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_11_side-by-side_no_text.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2160\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_11_side-by-side_no_text.jpg 2160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_11_side-by-side_no_text-800x400.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_11_side-by-side_no_text-1020x510.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_11_side-by-side_no_text-160x80.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_11_side-by-side_no_text-768x384.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_11_side-by-side_no_text-1536x768.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_11_side-by-side_no_text-2048x1024.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_11_side-by-side_no_text-1920x960.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2160px) 100vw, 2160px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory captured images of the two solar flares on May 10 and May 11, 2024. The flares are classified as X5.8 and X1.5-class flares, respectively. The image shows a subset of extreme ultraviolet light that highlights the extremely hot material in flares created from a mixture of SDO’s AIA 193, 171 and 131 channels. \u003ccite>(NASA SDO)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12507/severe-space-weather-events-understanding-societal-and-economic-impacts-a\">2013 report by the National Academy of Sciences\u003c/a> estimates that such a storm now could cost one to two trillion dollars in the first year alone and take a decade to recover from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re dependent on GPS satellites, and the power grid is connected in very complicated ways among different parts of the U.S. and parts of North America,” Fraknoi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there were a huge amount of current coming from the sky, it could overwhelm or damage the power grid connections.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2013 report lays out the potential disruption on satellites, power grids and infrastructure, as well as the socioeconomic impacts of another Carrington Event happening today. Depending on the scale of the solar storms, disruptions can last for weeks or even years, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "aside",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"postid": "science_1992745",
"hero": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/9C3BB325-2D3B-4450-AF51-36481D9C2232-1-1020x682.jpg",
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you can imagine a space weather storm strong enough to knock out power from New York down to the Carolinas for weeks, that’s not ‘a bad day’ anymore. That’s a national security risk,” said Bryan Brasher, Project Manager at the Space Weather Prediction Center for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brasher works with the team that predicts space weather events like the recent solar storms we experienced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a massive geomagnetic storm like the Carrington Event were to happen today, he said, it could interfere with radio communications and GPS signals and disrupt operations on spacecraft and even pipelines and railroads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Brasher is optimistic that our understanding of space weather prediction has improved over the last century — and more research is being done to mitigate any catastrophic events that could result from a large solar storm event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think today we like to think that by doing our job to provide forecasts and information to these critical system operators, that they will take mitigating factors to help prevent failures,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992860\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992860\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May_7-8_2024_SDO_131_Dual_Active_Regions_bigger.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"562\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory captured these images of the solar flares — as seen in the bright flashes in the left image (May 8 flare) and the right image (May 7 flare). The image shows 131 angstrom light, a subset of extreme ultraviolet light that highlights the extremely hot material in flares and is colorized in orange. \u003ccite>(NASA SDO)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"solarstormcali\">\u003c/a>Other large solar storms that brought aurora sightings to California\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Here’s a list of other large geomagnetic storms that disrupted technology in parts of the U.S. These storms may not necessarily have caused disruptions in California, but sightings of the aurora were visible in the region during most of these storms:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>November 1882:\u003c/strong> A report in the \u003cem>SF Examiner\u003c/em> in 1882 mentions interruptions to telegraphic communications in places like New York, Chicago, and Boston, with sightings of the aurora visible from Mendocino. “\u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-aurora-111882/147435675/\">The hues are deep crimson, shading to light green on the horizon. It lasted several hours,\u003c/a>” wrote the \u003cem>Examiner\u003c/em>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>May 1921:\u003c/strong> A powerful solar storm known as the New York Railroad Storm caused a fire near the Grand Central Terminal in New York. There were reports of damages to telegraph systems in Europe and the Southern Hemisphere. Reports of aurora sightings in San Francisco, Oakland, and Santa Clara were described as “brilliant hued skies,” according to the \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/article/san-francisco-chronicle-aurora-051921/147435792/\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>August 1972:\u003c/strong> Solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) caused solar storms that disrupted communication grids and satellite communications in North America, with \u003ca href=\"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/a-solar-storm-detonated-u-s-navy-mines-during-the-vietnam-war/\">reports\u003c/a> saying it caused the accidental detonation of a number of U.S. naval mines near North Vietnam.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 1989:\u003c/strong> Although no technological disruptions occurred here in California, a “night sky glow” that “varied in color from a whitish green to a brilliant red” was seen in Napa, Solano, Mendocino and San Luis Obispo, according to \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-aurora-031989/147435466/\">SF Examiner.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>October 2003:\u003c/strong> Also known as “the Halloween solar storms,” this event caused interruptions to satellite-based systems and communications and aircraft were advised to avoid high altitudes near the polar regions. Again, aurora was visible in California as reported by \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newspapers.com/image/92182338/?match=1&clipping_id=147513277\">Santa Cruz Sentinal\u003c/a>\u003c/em>: “A mysterious light that appeared to fall from the sky over the Santa Cruz Mountains had many residents calling emergency dispatchers Thursday night.”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992755\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992755\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/E461FAA3-2C83-46D6-B90E-BE77A67A3490-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/E461FAA3-2C83-46D6-B90E-BE77A67A3490-1.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/E461FAA3-2C83-46D6-B90E-BE77A67A3490-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/E461FAA3-2C83-46D6-B90E-BE77A67A3490-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/E461FAA3-2C83-46D6-B90E-BE77A67A3490-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/E461FAA3-2C83-46D6-B90E-BE77A67A3490-1-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of the northern lights in Sonoma County on May 10, 2024. \u003ccite>(Shreenivasan Manievannan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"solarstormscience\">\u003c/a>The science behind solar storms: Understanding space weather\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>To understand space weather, we have to look at the (literal) star of the show: the sun. While this big ball of hot gas is more than 90 million miles away, its influence on Earth and our environment is massive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Solar winds, flares and ‘cannonballs’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sun’s dynamic and complex body continuously emits charged particles into space called solar wind, which astronomer Fraknoi describes as “kind of like a breeze of particles from the sun.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It goes in all directions from the sun, and it always comes toward the Earth,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a complex magnetic field woven throughout the sun,” Fraknoi said, thanks to these charged particles and the rotation of the sun. And as the magnetic field rotates with the sun, it stretches, twists and snaps like a rubber band.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When that snap happens, particles and energy from the sun are released into space, causing a giant flash of light called a solar flare — which travels at the speed of light in all directions and takes about eight minutes to reach Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when a larger amount of those same particles is released, that’s called a coronal mass ejection (CME) — which Fraknoi describes as “blobs of charged particles” hurled out in space. CMEs take one to three days to reach Earth — and unlike solar flares that appear as a flash of light, CMEs look more like explosions in space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992862\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1992862 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/May8-2024_Flares_SDO131_Limb.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory captured this imagery of solar flares from May 7–8, 2024. The imagery shows 131 Angstrom light, a subset of extreme ultraviolet light. \u003ccite>(NASA SDO)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Solar flares almost always precede a CME. And because it can take days for a CME to reach Earth, flares let the team at Space Weather Prediction Center at NOAA send out early warnings to the masses, Fraknoi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most times, these CMEs from the sun are pointed towards random directions in space. “But every once in a while, the coronal mass ejection is pointed toward Earth,” Fraknoi said. And when it is, that’s when we get a strong geomagnetic storm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brasher said he likes to think of solar flares like the flash at the end of a cannon when it shoots off — and “you can think of the cannonball as being like a CME,” he said. “It’s massive, it has weight. It travels much slower than the speed of light — and most importantly, has a direction component to it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Earth also has its own magnetic fields that function as a “protective bottle” known as a magnetosphere. The Earth’s magnetosphere is weaker in the north and south poles, noted Fraknoi — making places like Alaska and Antarctica great spots to see the aurora more regularly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What causes these aurora?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When charged particles flowing from the sun get caught up in the Earth’s magnetic field, it energizes the atmosphere’s molecules (like nitrogen and oxygen), excites them and creates a colorful display of light we know as the aurora, or the northern lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The different colors we see from Earth — the hues of green, red, purple, and blue — depend on which molecule is being excited by the charged particles and on how much energy is being exchanged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992853\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 940px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992853\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/phenomena_header.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"940\" height=\"562\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/phenomena_header.png 940w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/phenomena_header-800x478.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/phenomena_header-160x96.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/phenomena_header-768x459.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Earth’s magnetosphere deflects most solar energy and particles, but occasionally, some make it down into the auroral ovals at the North and South poles. \u003ccite>(NOAA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If the northern lights are most common around the poles, how do we see them all the way here in the Bay Area?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During strong geomagnetic storms like the one we experienced over a week ago — usually when a CME is involved — the aurora that is usually only visible in those polar regions is now supercharged and distributed even more geographically, making them visible in places you don’t normally see them.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"nextnorthernlights\">\u003c/a>When could be my next chance to see the northern lights in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While many were lucky enough to clearly see the recent aurora caused by one of the largest solar storms in over 20 years, folks who weren’t so fortunate shared \u003ca href=\"https://www.boredpanda.com/northern-lights-jokes-memes/\">memes on social media\u003c/a> about their \u003ca href=\"https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/FOMO\">FOMO\u003c/a>, with one user calling this elusive glow the “\u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/bayarea/comments/1cpc8pe/comment/l3koer0/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=web3x&utm_name=web3xcss&utm_term=1&utm_content=share_button\">aurora \u003cem>fog\u003c/em>ealis\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if that was you, there’s still hope. Experts say we might see more auroras in the next couple of years, thanks to the sun’s cycle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1992769\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1992769\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/GettyImages-2151894225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/GettyImages-2151894225.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/GettyImages-2151894225-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/GettyImages-2151894225-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/GettyImages-2151894225-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/GettyImages-2151894225-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Northern Lights (aurora borealis) illuminate the sky of San Francisco North Bay as seen from China Camp Beach in San Rafael, California on May 11, 2024. \u003ccite>(Tayfun Coskun/Anadolu via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The sun undergoes an eleven-year solar cycle, with solar activity rising and falling. We are currently approaching the peak of the solar cycle, also known as the solar maximum. During this period, space weather events like solar flares and CMEs can happen more often.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During the solar cycle, the sun’s magnetic field goes from being really uniform and easy to getting really complicated, intertwined and complex,” Brasher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists predict these solar storms will reach their peak in 2025. But sometimes, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-01432-7\">the biggest storms can hit years after the solar maximum\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To stay up to date with the latest news on geomagnetic storms, you can \u003ca href=\"https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/content/subscription-services\">subscribe to email updates from the Space Weather Prediction Center at NOAA\u003c/a>. Brasher recommends subscribing to notifications of G4 and G5 storm alerts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The mysteries of the sun are still out there,” Brasher said. “We have a lot to understand about the dynamo, and the dynamics of it and how it impacts Earth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1992826/how-solar-storms-that-bring-northern-lights-can-also-cause-tech-chaos",
"authors": [
"11631"
],
"categories": [
"science_28",
"science_40",
"science_4450"
],
"tags": [
"science_4992",
"science_577"
],
"featImg": "science_1992828",
"label": "science"
},
"science_1994714": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1994714",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994714",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1728586834000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "join-kqeds-climate-book-club-to-explore-solutions-in-the-ministry-for-the-future",
"title": "Join KQED's Climate Book Club to Explore Solutions in 'The Ministry for the Future'",
"publishDate": 1728586834,
"format": "standard",
"headTitle": "Join KQED’s Climate Book Club to Explore Solutions in ‘The Ministry for the Future’ | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"site": "science"
},
"content": "\u003cp>The fingerprint of climate change is all over the current news. If considering the destruction now seen from Hurricanes Milton, Helene and the wildfires in the West this year feels hard, you’re not alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But let me offer an idea. Learning more about climate change, with the support of others, can help. It can make us feel less helpless, less overwhelmed, more engaged, able to talk about solutions with our friends and families and take action in our own lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the idea behind the KQED Climate Book Club, which I host. Currently, we are reading “The Ministry for the Future” by Kim Stanley Robinson. The book is a work of climate fiction set in the near future, where climate change has worsened.[aside postID=\"mindshift_64855,science_1994643\" label=\"Relates Stories\"] It follows an international organization – a bureaucratic supergroup – that advocates for the long-term survival and well-being of future generations. It examines a range of solutions we might do once we finally get serious about fixing climate change. Former President Barack Obama selected it as one of his favorite books from the year 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a taste of Kim Stanley Robinson’s verve and imagination in solving the climate crisis, sample this “letter from the future” from the TED YouTube channel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dzWRHi-Bmuk&ab_channel=TED\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m thrilled that the author has agreed to join us for the final discussion of the book, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/4659\">live at KQED\u003c/a> headquarters on Dec. 18. We will also meet up on Oct. 19 at KQED, during \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/kqed-fest-2024\">KQED Fest\u003c/a>, for a chat about the first half of the book. And we have an ongoing discussion aboard \u003ca href=\"http://discord.gg/kqed\">KQED Forum’s Discord\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "Learning more about climate change, with the support of others, can make us feel less helpless, less overwhelmed, more engaged, able to talk about solutions with our friends and families and take action in our own lives. ",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1728593508,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": true,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 7,
"wordCount": 297
},
"headData": {
"title": "Join KQED's Climate Book Club to Explore Solutions in 'The Ministry for the Future' | KQED",
"description": "Learning more about climate change, with the support of others, can make us feel less helpless, less overwhelmed, more engaged, able to talk about solutions with our friends and families and take action in our own lives. ",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Join KQED's Climate Book Club to Explore Solutions in 'The Ministry for the Future'",
"datePublished": "2024-10-10T12:00:34-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-10-10T13:51:48-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"sticky": false,
"nprStoryId": "kqed-1994714",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/science/1994714/join-kqeds-climate-book-club-to-explore-solutions-in-the-ministry-for-the-future",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The fingerprint of climate change is all over the current news. If considering the destruction now seen from Hurricanes Milton, Helene and the wildfires in the West this year feels hard, you’re not alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But let me offer an idea. Learning more about climate change, with the support of others, can help. It can make us feel less helpless, less overwhelmed, more engaged, able to talk about solutions with our friends and families and take action in our own lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the idea behind the KQED Climate Book Club, which I host. Currently, we are reading “The Ministry for the Future” by Kim Stanley Robinson. The book is a work of climate fiction set in the near future, where climate change has worsened.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "aside",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"postid": "mindshift_64855,science_1994643",
"label": "Relates Stories "
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> It follows an international organization – a bureaucratic supergroup – that advocates for the long-term survival and well-being of future generations. It examines a range of solutions we might do once we finally get serious about fixing climate change. Former President Barack Obama selected it as one of his favorite books from the year 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a taste of Kim Stanley Robinson’s verve and imagination in solving the climate crisis, sample this “letter from the future” from the TED YouTube channel.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/dzWRHi-Bmuk'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/dzWRHi-Bmuk'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m thrilled that the author has agreed to join us for the final discussion of the book, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/4659\">live at KQED\u003c/a> headquarters on Dec. 18. We will also meet up on Oct. 19 at KQED, during \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/kqed-fest-2024\">KQED Fest\u003c/a>, for a chat about the first half of the book. And we have an ongoing discussion aboard \u003ca href=\"http://discord.gg/kqed\">KQED Forum’s Discord\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1994714/join-kqeds-climate-book-club-to-explore-solutions-in-the-ministry-for-the-future",
"authors": [
"11088"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_40",
"science_4450"
],
"tags": [
"science_182",
"science_194",
"science_3253"
],
"featImg": "science_1994717",
"label": "science"
},
"science_1994687": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1994687",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994687",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1728570630000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "how-record-breaking-heat-waves-add-to-risks-for-western-monarch-butterflies",
"title": "How Record-Breaking Heat Waves Add to Risks for Western Monarch Butterflies",
"publishDate": 1728570630,
"format": "standard",
"headTitle": "How Record-Breaking Heat Waves Add to Risks for Western Monarch Butterflies | KQED",
"labelTerm": {},
"content": "\u003cp>About a week ago, several monarch caterpillars were busily munching on the native narrowleaf milkweed I’d planted in my backyard in the San Francisco Bay Area to provide habitat for the imperiled pollinators. Then, a record-breaking fall heat wave triggered warnings about extremely dangerous temperatures across the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hopefully, most of the caterpillars crawled off to find a safe place away from predators to form the pupa, or chrysalis, that envelops them as their wings and adult organs take shape. But at least one fellow wasn’t so lucky. One day, he was active and feeding; the next, he looked lethargic, stopped eating and began to shrivel as his bright yellow stripes disappeared under a sickly dark film. Most likely, he succumbed to a fatal viral or parasitic infection known as black death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ecologists have long worried about the effects of a rapidly changing climate on specialists like monarchs, whose reproductive success depends on closely linked interactions with a single family of plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monarch caterpillars feed almost exclusively on milkweed plants within the genus Asclepias, which contain toxic chemicals called cardenolides. The caterpillars absorb the toxins, which deter predators that might otherwise eat them, but typically don’t harm the larvae—that is unless high temperatures cause plants to produce much higher levels of the chemical, as \u003ca href=\"https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ecy.2198\">researchers reported\u003c/a> in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monarchs (and other butterflies) are highly sensitive to temperature, the environmental cue that tells them when to reproduce, migrate and hibernate during the winter. Climate change, particularly warmer falls over several decades, has led to widespread declines of 250 butterfly species, including monarchs, across largely undeveloped landscapes in the West, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abe5585\">2021 study\u003c/a> published in the journal Science found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists are scrambling to understand how these temperature changes will likely affect monarchs throughout their life cycle, as they develop from egg to butterfly, interact with their sole host plant and navigate the world as adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evidence is emerging, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10791526/\">research published\u003c/a> earlier this year, that prolonged exposure to high heat can prove fatal for monarchs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Exposure to constant heat of 93 degrees Fahrenheit caused about 50 percent mortality,” said study coauthor Sonia Altizer, an infectious disease ecologist at the Odum School of Ecology at the University of Georgia. Monarch size and survival “declined sharply” at 93 degrees, the researchers found, along with the probability of infection from the monarch’s parasitic nemesis, a single-celled protozoan known as OE, for Ophryocystis elektroscirrha.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just as the monarch evolved as a milkweed specialist, OE infects only monarchs and a few other butterfly species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deaths happened around the time the caterpillars were pupating or trying to emerge as a butterfly, Altizer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interestingly, she added, “We found that the protozoan parasite does not like the heat either.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s conceivable that as rising temperatures in a warming world harm both monarchs and their parasites, lower infection rates could potentially offset the negative impacts of extreme heat on monarchs. But with so many other variables at play—differences in monarch immunity, parasite strains’ heat tolerance, milkweed quality and chemistry, to name a few—more research is needed to tease apart all the possible scenarios.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a three-year field experiment that recreated elements of the natural landscape in California’s Central Valley, researchers found that both monarch eggs and caterpillars experienced strong negative effects from heat stress late in the season. “We speculate that the increasing incidence and intensity of heat waves may have reduced the developmental success of monarchs,” the authors concluded in the study, \u003ca href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ece3.9039\">published\u003c/a> in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monarchs can tolerate short periods of heat as caterpillars, as long as they find respite each day, \u003ca href=\"https://www.jstor.org/stable/25481789\">research shows\u003c/a>. Altizer thought heat stress may have played a role in the rapid decline of the caterpillar that succumbed to disease in my garden.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Conservation Conundrum\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Biologists gauge the health of monarch butterfly populations by tallying their numbers over the winter when they take a break from breeding and cluster in groves of trees. North America has two populations of migratory monarchs: the western monarchs, which breed west of the Rocky Mountains, and the much larger eastern population, which overwinters in Mexico. They’re genetically similar and have both suffered major declines over the past several decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists have identified \u003ca href=\"https://academic.oup.com/icb/article/56/2/343/2240655?login=false#36133590\">loss of milkweed habitat\u003c/a> and use of weed-killing pesticides across the eastern monarchs’ core breeding ground in the Midwest as a major driver of the population’s decline. \u003ca href=\"https://xerces.org/blog/western-monarch-population-closer-to-extinction-as-wait-continues-for-monarchs-protection\">Loss of overwintering habitat\u003c/a> appears to be a primary cause of the western monarchs’ decline, though in both cases, experts warn, it’s likely that many factors are playing a role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1994699\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/MonarchButterflyCount2023-750px.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"666\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/MonarchButterflyCount2023-750px.png 750w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/MonarchButterflyCount2023-750px-160x142.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Land-use change, including agricultural practices, chemical inputs, habitat fragmentation, pollution, development, disturbance, and so forth, is what has been incrementally creeping up over the last century,” wrote Anurag Agrawal, Cornell University evolutionary ecologist and author of “Monarchs and Milkweed,” in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.1903409116\">2019 commentary\u003c/a> in the journal PNAS. “Which of the many aspects of this long-term environmental crumbling is responsible for monarch declines is unclear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Western monarchs overwinter in groves of non-native eucalyptus and native Monterey pine and cypress trees, primarily at sites along the Pacific coast. Last year, the nonprofit Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation, which supervises the \u003ca href=\"https://westernmonarchcount.org/\">Western Monarch Count\u003c/a>, reported 233,394 butterflies at 257 overwintering sites along the coast of California, northern Baja California and Mexico, as well as a few inland sites. California’s Central Coast hosts the largest overwintering sites, where butterfly lovers can see as many as 10,000 in Santa Cruz and more than 15,000 in Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The count offered a bit of good news after a dire few years. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0006320717304809\">2017 study\u003c/a> reported a “sharp decline” in the western population, from an estimated 4.5 million in the 1980s to about 300,000 in 2016. More losses followed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the winter of 2018-2019, overwintering western monarch populations had plummeted to about 30,000, \u003ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/ecology-and-evolution/articles/10.3389/fevo.2019.00258/full\">researchers reported\u003c/a> in 2019. The decline followed a prolonged multi-year drought, at the time the \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/4429#:~:text=Severe%20Drought%20Lasted%20From%202012,third%20driest%20year%20on%20record.\">driest consecutive four years\u003c/a> on record, a late rainy season marked by heavy storms and a summer filled with wildfire smoke. Unusually heavy rains during the spring of 2018 may have played a role in the population decline, the researchers noted, and it’s possible the storms compounded problems with habitat quality at overwintering sites or inland breeding locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As if those declines weren’t bad enough, “the bottom fell out” in 2020, with only 2,000 butterflies overwintering, said Emma Pelton, senior conservation biologist with the Xerces Society who contributed to the 2017 and 2019 studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The overwintering population of western monarchs currently hovers around 5 percent of historic figures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate change has made the butterfly’s range warmer, drier and more prone to heatwaves, wildfires and winter storms. And groves at the Central Coast wintering sites have still not recovered from the historic drought during the last decade, said Pelton. The eucalyptus trees that monarchs rely on were “really hammered” by drought and created a fire risk, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such indirect effects of drought and heat stress on critical overwintering habitat are an unappreciated impact of climate change, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That same winter, when just a few thousand butterflies showed up to hibernate, scientists reported “substantial numbers” of monarchs breeding primarily on non-native ornamental milkweed at two urban sites about an hour south of San Francisco. Non-native tropical milkweed species, unlike western natives, stay green year-round and can act as a cue to fall migrants—which emerge in a nonreproductive state called diapause—that it’s breeding time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, year-round milkweed accumulates higher concentrations of that parasitic nemesis OE. Monarchs that stay on these patches to breed during winter have higher parasite loads and become a vehicle for disease transmission. OE infected as many as 77 percent of newly emerged butterflies throughout the study, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/10/946\">published in 2021\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Western monarchs were found breeding in winter before the 2021 study. Scientists in Altizer’s lab sampled more than 1,200 monarchs at 42 year-round breeding sites in Southern California between 2013 and 2016. Most of the year-round breeders were on non-native tropical milkweed (A. curassavica), a popular garden plant, though a few sites had native species that supported breeding until they died back in late winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prevalence of OE infection was nine times higher among monarchs sampled in gardens with year-round breeding compared to monarchs that had migrated to overwintering sites during that time, they reported in the study, \u003ca href=\"https://academic.oup.com/icb/article/56/2/343/2240655?login=false\">published in 2016\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Can Adaptation Save Monarchs?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>David James, who documented the winter breeders, supports efforts to grow native milkweed where possible and grows it in his own garden in western Washington. However, he believes that winter breeding on non-native milkweed may reflect the species’ ability to adapt to rapidly changing conditions and could be important for the continued sustainability of western monarch populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any milkweed is good milkweed as far as the monarch is concerned,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is not a position that is widely shared among monarch ecologists and conservation biologists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s been some debate about whether monarchs, which are found in more than 90 countries and islands around the world, evolved as a tropical species. However, a genetic analysis of the monarch’s evolutionary history and dispersal, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/nature13812\">published in 2014\u003c/a>, found that it originated as a migratory species in North America, which suggests millennia of munching milkweed species native to that environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means non-native milkweeds could lead to a host of unforeseen effects on monarchs, experts say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a healthy debate going on in the research world around the role of tropical milkweed,” said Pelton. The evidence is strong that it adds to disease, she said, so the question is whether the increase in butterflies counterbalances the increase in disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994692\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1994692\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-alive-1536x1536-1-1020x1020.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-alive-1536x1536-1-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-alive-1536x1536-1-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-alive-1536x1536-1-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-alive-1536x1536-1-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-alive-1536x1536-1.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A western monarch is seen healthy and eating native narrowleaf milkweed the day a heatwave hits the San Francisco Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Liza Gross/Inside Climate News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994693\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1994693\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-diseased-1536x1536-1-1020x1020.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-diseased-1536x1536-1-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-diseased-1536x1536-1-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-diseased-1536x1536-1-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-diseased-1536x1536-1-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-diseased-1536x1536-1.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A few days after the heatwave hit, the western monarch shows signs of an infection that will soon kill the caterpillar. \u003ccite>(Liza Gross/Inside Climate News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pelton, along with her Xerces colleagues, takes a precautionary approach. “We have a struggling population, and this is a non-native plant with some proven evidence that it increases OE,” she said, adding that it may also interfere with migration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OE is an infection that monarchs evolved with, Pelton said, which is probably why they migrate. Infected individuals may not be strong enough to travel and could die on the way, reducing the number of disease carriers, while migration reduces population density and, thus, transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Throwing more disease in the mix with these declining populations just seems like a bad idea,” Pelton said. “All things being equal, let’s use the native plant the monarch co-evolved with, that’s providing resources to other animals and not adding this X factor, especially in a changing climate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelton is sympathetic to gardeners who enjoy seeing caterpillars on their tropical milkweed and believes it’s important not to demonize people for wanting to grow it. But there’s some dissonance between the personal perspective—the thrill of seeing butterflies in your yard—and the bigger perspective of what’s actually aiding western monarchs over the long term, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What they need is enough habitat that’s not poisoned by pesticides or impacted by extreme heat,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Saving an iconic butterfly is important and would help us sustain beauty, wonder, and majesty in nature,” Cornell’s Agrawal said in his PNAS commentary. But he sees the monarch as a sentinel species that offers warnings about the environmental health of the continent and biodiversity at large.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Humans are very good at tinkering, Agrawal told Inside Climate News. “When we have tinkered in known ways, there have been unintended consequences. As we are tinkering in unintentional ways,” he said, citing climate change as an example, “there are similarly unknown consequences.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While monarchs are experiencing higher levels of disease, changing migratory patterns and habitat loss, Agrawal said, they’re also flexible, and he believes the species will persist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, he said, “We should do less tinkering and more habitat preservation.” And that means protecting and restoring the wildlands and native species that have supported monarchs over millennia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/\">Inside Climate News\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, independent news organization that covers climate, energy and the environment. Sign up for the ICN newsletter \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/newsletter\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "The increasing intensity and frequency of extreme heat likely compounds stresses on the iconic butterfly, worrying biologists about how the struggling population will respond.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1728578915,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 47,
"wordCount": 2156
},
"headData": {
"title": "How Record-Breaking Heat Waves Add to Risks for Western Monarch Butterflies | KQED",
"description": "The increasing intensity and frequency of extreme heat likely compounds stresses on the iconic butterfly, worrying biologists about how the struggling population will respond.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "How Record-Breaking Heat Waves Add to Risks for Western Monarch Butterflies",
"datePublished": "2024-10-10T07:30:30-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-10-10T09:48:35-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"source": "Inside Climate News",
"sticky": false,
"nprByline": "Liza Gross",
"nprStoryId": "kqed-1994687",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"showOnAuthorArchivePages": "No",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/science/1994687/how-record-breaking-heat-waves-add-to-risks-for-western-monarch-butterflies",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>About a week ago, several monarch caterpillars were busily munching on the native narrowleaf milkweed I’d planted in my backyard in the San Francisco Bay Area to provide habitat for the imperiled pollinators. Then, a record-breaking fall heat wave triggered warnings about extremely dangerous temperatures across the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hopefully, most of the caterpillars crawled off to find a safe place away from predators to form the pupa, or chrysalis, that envelops them as their wings and adult organs take shape. But at least one fellow wasn’t so lucky. One day, he was active and feeding; the next, he looked lethargic, stopped eating and began to shrivel as his bright yellow stripes disappeared under a sickly dark film. Most likely, he succumbed to a fatal viral or parasitic infection known as black death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ecologists have long worried about the effects of a rapidly changing climate on specialists like monarchs, whose reproductive success depends on closely linked interactions with a single family of plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monarch caterpillars feed almost exclusively on milkweed plants within the genus Asclepias, which contain toxic chemicals called cardenolides. The caterpillars absorb the toxins, which deter predators that might otherwise eat them, but typically don’t harm the larvae—that is unless high temperatures cause plants to produce much higher levels of the chemical, as \u003ca href=\"https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ecy.2198\">researchers reported\u003c/a> in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monarchs (and other butterflies) are highly sensitive to temperature, the environmental cue that tells them when to reproduce, migrate and hibernate during the winter. Climate change, particularly warmer falls over several decades, has led to widespread declines of 250 butterfly species, including monarchs, across largely undeveloped landscapes in the West, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abe5585\">2021 study\u003c/a> published in the journal Science found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists are scrambling to understand how these temperature changes will likely affect monarchs throughout their life cycle, as they develop from egg to butterfly, interact with their sole host plant and navigate the world as adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evidence is emerging, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10791526/\">research published\u003c/a> earlier this year, that prolonged exposure to high heat can prove fatal for monarchs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Exposure to constant heat of 93 degrees Fahrenheit caused about 50 percent mortality,” said study coauthor Sonia Altizer, an infectious disease ecologist at the Odum School of Ecology at the University of Georgia. Monarch size and survival “declined sharply” at 93 degrees, the researchers found, along with the probability of infection from the monarch’s parasitic nemesis, a single-celled protozoan known as OE, for Ophryocystis elektroscirrha.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just as the monarch evolved as a milkweed specialist, OE infects only monarchs and a few other butterfly species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deaths happened around the time the caterpillars were pupating or trying to emerge as a butterfly, Altizer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interestingly, she added, “We found that the protozoan parasite does not like the heat either.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s conceivable that as rising temperatures in a warming world harm both monarchs and their parasites, lower infection rates could potentially offset the negative impacts of extreme heat on monarchs. But with so many other variables at play—differences in monarch immunity, parasite strains’ heat tolerance, milkweed quality and chemistry, to name a few—more research is needed to tease apart all the possible scenarios.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a three-year field experiment that recreated elements of the natural landscape in California’s Central Valley, researchers found that both monarch eggs and caterpillars experienced strong negative effects from heat stress late in the season. “We speculate that the increasing incidence and intensity of heat waves may have reduced the developmental success of monarchs,” the authors concluded in the study, \u003ca href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ece3.9039\">published\u003c/a> in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monarchs can tolerate short periods of heat as caterpillars, as long as they find respite each day, \u003ca href=\"https://www.jstor.org/stable/25481789\">research shows\u003c/a>. Altizer thought heat stress may have played a role in the rapid decline of the caterpillar that succumbed to disease in my garden.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Conservation Conundrum\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Biologists gauge the health of monarch butterfly populations by tallying their numbers over the winter when they take a break from breeding and cluster in groves of trees. North America has two populations of migratory monarchs: the western monarchs, which breed west of the Rocky Mountains, and the much larger eastern population, which overwinters in Mexico. They’re genetically similar and have both suffered major declines over the past several decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists have identified \u003ca href=\"https://academic.oup.com/icb/article/56/2/343/2240655?login=false#36133590\">loss of milkweed habitat\u003c/a> and use of weed-killing pesticides across the eastern monarchs’ core breeding ground in the Midwest as a major driver of the population’s decline. \u003ca href=\"https://xerces.org/blog/western-monarch-population-closer-to-extinction-as-wait-continues-for-monarchs-protection\">Loss of overwintering habitat\u003c/a> appears to be a primary cause of the western monarchs’ decline, though in both cases, experts warn, it’s likely that many factors are playing a role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1994699\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/MonarchButterflyCount2023-750px.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"666\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/MonarchButterflyCount2023-750px.png 750w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/MonarchButterflyCount2023-750px-160x142.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Land-use change, including agricultural practices, chemical inputs, habitat fragmentation, pollution, development, disturbance, and so forth, is what has been incrementally creeping up over the last century,” wrote Anurag Agrawal, Cornell University evolutionary ecologist and author of “Monarchs and Milkweed,” in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.1903409116\">2019 commentary\u003c/a> in the journal PNAS. “Which of the many aspects of this long-term environmental crumbling is responsible for monarch declines is unclear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Western monarchs overwinter in groves of non-native eucalyptus and native Monterey pine and cypress trees, primarily at sites along the Pacific coast. Last year, the nonprofit Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation, which supervises the \u003ca href=\"https://westernmonarchcount.org/\">Western Monarch Count\u003c/a>, reported 233,394 butterflies at 257 overwintering sites along the coast of California, northern Baja California and Mexico, as well as a few inland sites. California’s Central Coast hosts the largest overwintering sites, where butterfly lovers can see as many as 10,000 in Santa Cruz and more than 15,000 in Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The count offered a bit of good news after a dire few years. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0006320717304809\">2017 study\u003c/a> reported a “sharp decline” in the western population, from an estimated 4.5 million in the 1980s to about 300,000 in 2016. More losses followed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the winter of 2018-2019, overwintering western monarch populations had plummeted to about 30,000, \u003ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/ecology-and-evolution/articles/10.3389/fevo.2019.00258/full\">researchers reported\u003c/a> in 2019. The decline followed a prolonged multi-year drought, at the time the \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/Publications/Report/4429#:~:text=Severe%20Drought%20Lasted%20From%202012,third%20driest%20year%20on%20record.\">driest consecutive four years\u003c/a> on record, a late rainy season marked by heavy storms and a summer filled with wildfire smoke. Unusually heavy rains during the spring of 2018 may have played a role in the population decline, the researchers noted, and it’s possible the storms compounded problems with habitat quality at overwintering sites or inland breeding locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As if those declines weren’t bad enough, “the bottom fell out” in 2020, with only 2,000 butterflies overwintering, said Emma Pelton, senior conservation biologist with the Xerces Society who contributed to the 2017 and 2019 studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The overwintering population of western monarchs currently hovers around 5 percent of historic figures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate change has made the butterfly’s range warmer, drier and more prone to heatwaves, wildfires and winter storms. And groves at the Central Coast wintering sites have still not recovered from the historic drought during the last decade, said Pelton. The eucalyptus trees that monarchs rely on were “really hammered” by drought and created a fire risk, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such indirect effects of drought and heat stress on critical overwintering habitat are an unappreciated impact of climate change, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That same winter, when just a few thousand butterflies showed up to hibernate, scientists reported “substantial numbers” of monarchs breeding primarily on non-native ornamental milkweed at two urban sites about an hour south of San Francisco. Non-native tropical milkweed species, unlike western natives, stay green year-round and can act as a cue to fall migrants—which emerge in a nonreproductive state called diapause—that it’s breeding time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, year-round milkweed accumulates higher concentrations of that parasitic nemesis OE. Monarchs that stay on these patches to breed during winter have higher parasite loads and become a vehicle for disease transmission. OE infected as many as 77 percent of newly emerged butterflies throughout the study, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/10/946\">published in 2021\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Western monarchs were found breeding in winter before the 2021 study. Scientists in Altizer’s lab sampled more than 1,200 monarchs at 42 year-round breeding sites in Southern California between 2013 and 2016. Most of the year-round breeders were on non-native tropical milkweed (A. curassavica), a popular garden plant, though a few sites had native species that supported breeding until they died back in late winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prevalence of OE infection was nine times higher among monarchs sampled in gardens with year-round breeding compared to monarchs that had migrated to overwintering sites during that time, they reported in the study, \u003ca href=\"https://academic.oup.com/icb/article/56/2/343/2240655?login=false\">published in 2016\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Can Adaptation Save Monarchs?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>David James, who documented the winter breeders, supports efforts to grow native milkweed where possible and grows it in his own garden in western Washington. However, he believes that winter breeding on non-native milkweed may reflect the species’ ability to adapt to rapidly changing conditions and could be important for the continued sustainability of western monarch populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any milkweed is good milkweed as far as the monarch is concerned,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is not a position that is widely shared among monarch ecologists and conservation biologists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s been some debate about whether monarchs, which are found in more than 90 countries and islands around the world, evolved as a tropical species. However, a genetic analysis of the monarch’s evolutionary history and dispersal, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/nature13812\">published in 2014\u003c/a>, found that it originated as a migratory species in North America, which suggests millennia of munching milkweed species native to that environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means non-native milkweeds could lead to a host of unforeseen effects on monarchs, experts say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a healthy debate going on in the research world around the role of tropical milkweed,” said Pelton. The evidence is strong that it adds to disease, she said, so the question is whether the increase in butterflies counterbalances the increase in disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994692\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1994692\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-alive-1536x1536-1-1020x1020.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-alive-1536x1536-1-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-alive-1536x1536-1-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-alive-1536x1536-1-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-alive-1536x1536-1-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-alive-1536x1536-1.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A western monarch is seen healthy and eating native narrowleaf milkweed the day a heatwave hits the San Francisco Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Liza Gross/Inside Climate News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994693\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1994693\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-diseased-1536x1536-1-1020x1020.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-diseased-1536x1536-1-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-diseased-1536x1536-1-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-diseased-1536x1536-1-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-diseased-1536x1536-1-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/monarch-diseased-1536x1536-1.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A few days after the heatwave hit, the western monarch shows signs of an infection that will soon kill the caterpillar. \u003ccite>(Liza Gross/Inside Climate News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pelton, along with her Xerces colleagues, takes a precautionary approach. “We have a struggling population, and this is a non-native plant with some proven evidence that it increases OE,” she said, adding that it may also interfere with migration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OE is an infection that monarchs evolved with, Pelton said, which is probably why they migrate. Infected individuals may not be strong enough to travel and could die on the way, reducing the number of disease carriers, while migration reduces population density and, thus, transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Throwing more disease in the mix with these declining populations just seems like a bad idea,” Pelton said. “All things being equal, let’s use the native plant the monarch co-evolved with, that’s providing resources to other animals and not adding this X factor, especially in a changing climate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelton is sympathetic to gardeners who enjoy seeing caterpillars on their tropical milkweed and believes it’s important not to demonize people for wanting to grow it. But there’s some dissonance between the personal perspective—the thrill of seeing butterflies in your yard—and the bigger perspective of what’s actually aiding western monarchs over the long term, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What they need is enough habitat that’s not poisoned by pesticides or impacted by extreme heat,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Saving an iconic butterfly is important and would help us sustain beauty, wonder, and majesty in nature,” Cornell’s Agrawal said in his PNAS commentary. But he sees the monarch as a sentinel species that offers warnings about the environmental health of the continent and biodiversity at large.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Humans are very good at tinkering, Agrawal told Inside Climate News. “When we have tinkered in known ways, there have been unintended consequences. As we are tinkering in unintentional ways,” he said, citing climate change as an example, “there are similarly unknown consequences.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While monarchs are experiencing higher levels of disease, changing migratory patterns and habitat loss, Agrawal said, they’re also flexible, and he believes the species will persist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, he said, “We should do less tinkering and more habitat preservation.” And that means protecting and restoring the wildlands and native species that have supported monarchs over millennia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/\">Inside Climate News\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, independent news organization that covers climate, energy and the environment. Sign up for the ICN newsletter \u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/newsletter\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1994687/how-record-breaking-heat-waves-add-to-risks-for-western-monarch-butterflies",
"authors": [
"byline_science_1994687"
],
"categories": [
"science_2874",
"science_31",
"science_40",
"science_4450"
],
"tags": [
"science_205",
"science_2053"
],
"featImg": "science_1994688",
"label": "source_science_1994687"
},
"science_1994685": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1994685",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994685",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1728570611000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "san-jose-just-had-its-hottest-week-ever-a-harbinger-of-things-to-come",
"title": "San José Just Had Its Hottest Week Ever, ‘A Harbinger of Things to Come’",
"publishDate": 1728570611,
"format": "standard",
"headTitle": "San José Just Had Its Hottest Week Ever, ‘A Harbinger of Things to Come’ | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"site": "science"
},
"content": "\u003cp>The early October \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994657/bay-area-braces-for-last-day-of-record-breaking-aug-tober-heat-wave\">heat wave is now over\u003c/a>. The National Weather Service reports that the high temperatures broke major records in two \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bay-area\">Bay Area\u003c/a> cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José had its hottest seven-day heat wave ever recorded, and San Francisco had its second warmest string of above-average heat, said Nicole Sarment, a meteorologist at the weather service’s Bay Area office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was the hottest overall,” she said of San José. “It’s definitely significant and especially significant for the time of year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José, a city of nearly a million people, notched an average temperature of 83.4 degrees from Sep. 30 to Oct. 7. Further north in San Francisco, the city recorded an average temperature of 76.9 degrees, falling short of the record-breaking week of heat back in 1939 when the average temperature was 79.3 degrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarment said that cities like San José and San Francisco “generally run warmer than areas without dark pavement and tall buildings” during heat waves. However, scientists believe these \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994643/yes-these-california-heat-waves-are-connected-to-climate-change-heres-how\">future heat waves will likely top these records\u003c/a> because of the effects of climate change brought on by humans burning fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994690\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994690\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20230801-SJCityHall-11-JY_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20230801-SJCityHall-11-JY_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20230801-SJCityHall-11-JY_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20230801-SJCityHall-11-JY_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20230801-SJCityHall-11-JY_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20230801-SJCityHall-11-JY_qed-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20230801-SJCityHall-11-JY_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20230801-SJCityHall-11-JY_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">City Hall in San José, California, on Aug. 1, 2023. San José residents lived through the city’s hottest weeklong heat wave since historical records began, reports the National Weather Service. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This summer was the hottest on record for San José, California and the world. The excessively hot summer and the beginning of fall point to climate change in action, said Eugene Cordero, a meteorology and climate science professor at San José State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This unusually warm period of time here in October is a harbinger of things to come,” Cordero said. “This is what the climate models have been predicting, and this is what we’re seeing all around the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it’s hard to immediately tell for certain how much climate change is amping up any individual heat wave, Cordero said the frequency of heat waves is increasing. Some parts of the state, including the Bay Area, are experiencing four to five times the number of heat waves they did back in the 1960s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994691\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994691\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/SFHeatWaveGetty3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/SFHeatWaveGetty3.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/SFHeatWaveGetty3-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/SFHeatWaveGetty3-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/SFHeatWaveGetty3-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/SFHeatWaveGetty3-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/SFHeatWaveGetty3-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/SFHeatWaveGetty3-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People enjoy the warm weather at San Francisco’s Baker Beach on June 4, 2024, as a heat wave warning sweeps across California. \u003ccite>(Tayfun Coskun/Anadolu via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There’s a very clear pattern that a warmer world comes with longer heat waves, more intense heat waves, and even warmer winters,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many scientists, including myself, feel increasingly frustrated at the lack of public action,” Cordero added. “We’ve fundamentally changed the energy exchange in our atmosphere because of extra carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gasses. The planet is warmer, and these outbreaks of high temperatures are going to become more and more frequent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=science_1994538 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/SanJoseHeatGetty-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Karen McKinnon studies heat waves at the UCLA Institute of the Environment and Sustainability. This week, she published \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.2406143121\">a study looking at extreme summer heat waves\u003c/a>. She\u003cb data-stringify-type=\"bold\"> \u003c/b>found that record heat waves showcase how extreme climate change has already become.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We certainly expect to see these record-breaking events because everything is warming with climate change,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While her study doesn’t delve into the Bay Area or Coastal California, where major heat waves often happen in early autumn, she expects “similar findings” if she studied the region. “We need to be quite humble as climate scientists because our system is changing before our eyes,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McKinnon said one string of hot days in isolation doesn’t alone tell the story of how climate change is intensifying heat waves and continued study over time is needed to truly understand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the heat wave is still in the minds of residents of San José and San Francisco, city leaders have a short window of opportunity to link it to climate change for residents, said \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.stanford.edu/209361\">Gabrielle Wong-Parodi\u003c/a>, an assistant professor in Stanford’s Department of Earth System Science who studies how people respond to global environmental change, such as heat waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These types of events are focusing events that draw attention not just of policymakers, but also of individual citizens,” she said. “This draws their attention away from other things where our attention is constantly and helps focus people on the climate change happening here in their own backyard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "The early October heat wave is over. The National Weather Service confirms San José endured its hottest week on record, while San Francisco experienced its second-warmest stretch of scorching days.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1728595967,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 19,
"wordCount": 785
},
"headData": {
"title": "San José Just Had Its Hottest Week Ever, ‘A Harbinger of Things to Come’ | KQED",
"description": "The early October heat wave is over. The National Weather Service confirms San José endured its hottest week on record, while San Francisco experienced its second-warmest stretch of scorching days.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "San José Just Had Its Hottest Week Ever, ‘A Harbinger of Things to Come’",
"datePublished": "2024-10-10T07:30:11-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-10-10T14:32:47-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"sticky": false,
"nprStoryId": "kqed-1994685",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/science/1994685/san-jose-just-had-its-hottest-week-ever-a-harbinger-of-things-to-come",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The early October \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994657/bay-area-braces-for-last-day-of-record-breaking-aug-tober-heat-wave\">heat wave is now over\u003c/a>. The National Weather Service reports that the high temperatures broke major records in two \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bay-area\">Bay Area\u003c/a> cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José had its hottest seven-day heat wave ever recorded, and San Francisco had its second warmest string of above-average heat, said Nicole Sarment, a meteorologist at the weather service’s Bay Area office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was the hottest overall,” she said of San José. “It’s definitely significant and especially significant for the time of year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José, a city of nearly a million people, notched an average temperature of 83.4 degrees from Sep. 30 to Oct. 7. Further north in San Francisco, the city recorded an average temperature of 76.9 degrees, falling short of the record-breaking week of heat back in 1939 when the average temperature was 79.3 degrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarment said that cities like San José and San Francisco “generally run warmer than areas without dark pavement and tall buildings” during heat waves. However, scientists believe these \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994643/yes-these-california-heat-waves-are-connected-to-climate-change-heres-how\">future heat waves will likely top these records\u003c/a> because of the effects of climate change brought on by humans burning fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994690\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994690\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20230801-SJCityHall-11-JY_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20230801-SJCityHall-11-JY_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20230801-SJCityHall-11-JY_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20230801-SJCityHall-11-JY_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20230801-SJCityHall-11-JY_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20230801-SJCityHall-11-JY_qed-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20230801-SJCityHall-11-JY_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/20230801-SJCityHall-11-JY_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">City Hall in San José, California, on Aug. 1, 2023. San José residents lived through the city’s hottest weeklong heat wave since historical records began, reports the National Weather Service. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This summer was the hottest on record for San José, California and the world. The excessively hot summer and the beginning of fall point to climate change in action, said Eugene Cordero, a meteorology and climate science professor at San José State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This unusually warm period of time here in October is a harbinger of things to come,” Cordero said. “This is what the climate models have been predicting, and this is what we’re seeing all around the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it’s hard to immediately tell for certain how much climate change is amping up any individual heat wave, Cordero said the frequency of heat waves is increasing. Some parts of the state, including the Bay Area, are experiencing four to five times the number of heat waves they did back in the 1960s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1994691\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1994691\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/SFHeatWaveGetty3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/SFHeatWaveGetty3.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/SFHeatWaveGetty3-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/SFHeatWaveGetty3-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/SFHeatWaveGetty3-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/SFHeatWaveGetty3-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/SFHeatWaveGetty3-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/10/SFHeatWaveGetty3-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People enjoy the warm weather at San Francisco’s Baker Beach on June 4, 2024, as a heat wave warning sweeps across California. \u003ccite>(Tayfun Coskun/Anadolu via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There’s a very clear pattern that a warmer world comes with longer heat waves, more intense heat waves, and even warmer winters,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many scientists, including myself, feel increasingly frustrated at the lack of public action,” Cordero added. “We’ve fundamentally changed the energy exchange in our atmosphere because of extra carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gasses. The planet is warmer, and these outbreaks of high temperatures are going to become more and more frequent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "aside",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"postid": "science_1994538",
"hero": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/09/SanJoseHeatGetty-1020x680.jpg",
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Karen McKinnon studies heat waves at the UCLA Institute of the Environment and Sustainability. This week, she published \u003ca href=\"https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.2406143121\">a study looking at extreme summer heat waves\u003c/a>. She\u003cb data-stringify-type=\"bold\"> \u003c/b>found that record heat waves showcase how extreme climate change has already become.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We certainly expect to see these record-breaking events because everything is warming with climate change,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While her study doesn’t delve into the Bay Area or Coastal California, where major heat waves often happen in early autumn, she expects “similar findings” if she studied the region. “We need to be quite humble as climate scientists because our system is changing before our eyes,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McKinnon said one string of hot days in isolation doesn’t alone tell the story of how climate change is intensifying heat waves and continued study over time is needed to truly understand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the heat wave is still in the minds of residents of San José and San Francisco, city leaders have a short window of opportunity to link it to climate change for residents, said \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.stanford.edu/209361\">Gabrielle Wong-Parodi\u003c/a>, an assistant professor in Stanford’s Department of Earth System Science who studies how people respond to global environmental change, such as heat waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These types of events are focusing events that draw attention not just of policymakers, but also of individual citizens,” she said. “This draws their attention away from other things where our attention is constantly and helps focus people on the climate change happening here in their own backyard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1994685/san-jose-just-had-its-hottest-week-ever-a-harbinger-of-things-to-come",
"authors": [
"11746"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_40",
"science_4450"
],
"tags": [
"science_2924",
"science_182",
"science_194",
"science_4417",
"science_4414",
"science_2184",
"science_383",
"science_5183",
"science_5177",
"science_309",
"science_365"
],
"featImg": "science_1994689",
"label": "science"
},
"science_1994611": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1994611",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994611",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1728393631000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "5-creepy-creatures-out-to-suck-your-blood",
"title": "5 of the Worst Tiny Bloodsuckers That Have Ever Bitten Us",
"publishDate": 1728393631,
"format": "video",
"headTitle": "5 of the Worst Tiny Bloodsuckers That Have Ever Bitten Us | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"term": 1935,
"site": "science"
},
"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Chances are you’ve got one of these bloodsuckers lurking nearby. Mosquitoes, ticks, lice, kissing bugs and tsetse flies are all looking to grab a bite … of you. See \u003cem>exactly \u003c/em>how they do it and what you can do to stop them.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Watch out … you might not always see these five tiny creatures coming for you, but chances are you’ve got one lurking nearby ready to suck your blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We show you how they do it and how you can get rid of them. Enjoy!\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How Mosquitoes Use Six Needles to Suck Your Blood\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This is the deadliest animal in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mosquitoes kill hundreds of thousands of people each year … the most vulnerable people: children, pregnant women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No other bite kills more humans … or makes more of us sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what makes a mosquito’s bite so effective?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For starters, they’re motivated. Only females bite us. They need blood to make eggs … and a pool of water for their babies to hatch in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even a piece of trash can hold enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first glance, it looks simple — this mosquito digging her proboscis into us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the tools she’s using here are sophisticated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, a protective sheath retracts – see it bending back?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you look at a mosquito’s head under a microscope, you can see what that sheath protects. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And inside there are six needles!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of them have tiny teeth. She uses those to saw through the skin. They’re so sharp you can barely feel her pushing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These other two needles hold the tissues apart while she works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From under the skin, you can see her probing, looking for a blood vessel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Receptors on the tip of one of her other needles pick up on chemicals that our blood vessels exude naturally and guide her to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then she uses this same needle like a straw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As her gut fills up, she separates water from the blood and squeezes it out. See that drop? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That frees up space to stuff herself with more nutritious red blood cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With another needle, she spits chemicals into us. They get our blood flowing more easily and give us itchy welts afterwards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And sometimes, before she pries herself away, she leaves a parting gift in her saliva: a virus or a parasite that can sicken or kill us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s nothing in it for her. The viruses and parasites are just hitching a ride. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this is what makes mortal enemies out of us and mosquitoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They take our blood. Sometimes we take theirs. But often, not soon enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On to our next miniature vampire. Let’s see how ticks dig into you with a mouth full of hooks, and the best way to pry them loose.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How Ticks Dig In With a Mouth Full of Hooks\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The hills are alive … with silent, waiting ticks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their bites can transmit bacteria that cause Lyme disease, and other things that can make us very sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Protected by these palps is a menacing mouth covered in hooks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First she has to find a host. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She can sense animals like us by the carbon dioxide we give off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She reaches out with her front legs. Scientists call this questing. It will use that claw to latch onto something … like your sleeve. Now you see her, now you don’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once aboard, she searches out a nice spot to bite into … for blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She lives three years, but in that time she only eats three meals. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A tick needs enough blood to grow from larva to nymph, nymph to adult, and then for females to lay their eggs. Gross.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s check out a nymph, a young tick. It’s tiny, smaller than a freckle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To grow into an adult, it needs one blood meal, a big one. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The front of its body is all mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It digs into us using two sets of hooks. The hooks wriggle into the skin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They pull our flesh out of the way and push in this mouthpart: the hypostome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those hooks anchor the tick to us for the long haul, like mini-harpoons. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the speedy mosquito digs in, sucks our blood and splits, all within seconds, a tick nymph stays on for days. Three days, if we don’t find it before then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Compounds in their saliva help blood pool under the surface of our skin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nymph sips it through its mouthparts, like drinking from a straw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a tick is full – and I mean completely full – it falls off wherever it may be. Maybe onto your bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s if you don’t nab it first. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You might have heard that you should twist or burn the tick. Not true. Grab the tick close to your skin and just pull straight out. That’s how you win the fight against those tenacious hooks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If that didn’t make your skin crawl, this will definitely make your scalp itch. It’s time to find out how lice turn your hair into their personal jungle gym.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How Lice Turn Your Hair Into Their Jungle Gym\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It can start as an itch. Maybe a tickle on your scalp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s head lice. Tiny and tenacious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanks to millions of years of evolution, these suckers are not easy to get rid of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You might end up in a salon, but not the kind for haircuts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young lice are so small they’re almost impossible to see with the naked eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our scalp is their buffet. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They feed on our blood. You can see it inside this adult louse. It’s that brownish stuff that’s moving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The secret to their success?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their claws – called tarsal claws – and this little part, called a spine. A pair on each of its six legs. They’ve evolved to fit perfectly around a human hair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They make lice into speedy little acrobats, using our hair like a tightrope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can’t jump or fly, but they get around. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Say two kids – one blond, one brunette – touch heads. The louse just scoots right over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been one long game of hopscotch, from human head to human head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it has to be us. Our head lice can’t live on other animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, other primates have their own species of lice, adapted to their unique hair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Birds have lice that hide in their feathers. Ooh. Cozy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And we all want them gone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Common insecticides won’t kill our head lice anymore. They’ve become resistant to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even their eggs have serious staying power, glued to individual strands of hair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But lice do have a weakness. They can’t survive away from our moist, warm scalp. Head lice cannot even live on other hairy parts of our body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if you – or a professional – painstakingly comb them out, they’ll starve, and die within hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OK, it’s not fun. But it’s just a temporary encounter with a tiny hitchhiker that is biologically destined just for you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These beauties are kissing bugs, but you wouldn’t want to kiss one – because pretty quickly they swell into a balloon full of your blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How a Kissing Bug Becomes a Balloon Full of Your Blood\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This kissing bug isn’t going to give you a loving peck when it sticks you with that tucked-away proboscis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It could actually make you really sick, even kill you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It makes its move at night, while you’re sleeping. It likes your warm body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kissing bugs get their name because they often bite near the lips or eyes, but they’ll dig in anywhere you’ve left uncovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A little anesthetic guarantees you won’t wake up while they feed on you for 10,\u003cbr>\n20, even 30 minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every kissing bug needs several huge meals during the year or two it lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it gulps, its exoskeleton stretches like a balloon, to fit up to 12 times its weight in blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This pliability is called plasticization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How it started. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How it’s going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All that hot liquid could stress an insect’s body and stunt its growth. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the kissing bug cools it down – inside its head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Your warm blood flows in. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cool insect blood, called hemolymph, absorbs the heat and releases it through the top of the bug’s long head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this infrared video, you can see the blood cool down by more than 10 degrees Fahrenheit before it reaches the bug’s abdomen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the bug is safe. You, on the other hand, are not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It injects saliva as it sucks your blood. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a scientist squeezing some out. The saliva has proteins that can give people a deadly allergic reaction called anaphylaxis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it gets much, much worse. OK. This is super gross.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After eating – sometimes while it’s eating – the bug poops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that poop – and urine – might contain the parasite that causes Chagas disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the bug’s victim rubs these feces and urine into the bite wound or their eyes, the parasite can infect them. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Years later, as many as one third of the people who got the parasite develop heart disease that can kill them, sometimes suddenly. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pregnant women can even pass the parasite onto their babies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Few contract the parasite in the U.S., even though kissing bugs live here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in Latin America, millions of people have become infected. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There, kissing bugs are known by many different names: chinche besucona …\u003cbr>\nchinche … pito … vinchuca … barbeiro.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In rural areas, these kissing bug species live in people’s homes, in the cracks of the walls. And in animal coops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spraying has helped bring down infections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But hundreds of thousands of people have left their home countries for the U.S., not knowing the bug gave them the parasite. A simple blood test can find it and medications can often kill it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the American Southwest, the bugs live in the nests of wild animals, like this pack rat den in Arizona, where biologists Anita and Chuck Kristensen collect them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chuck Kristensen (off camera): Kissing bug, kissing bug!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chuck Kristensen (off camera): Genuine kissing bug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the most part, they feed on the pack rats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in late spring and summer, the bugs sometimes travel from these nests into someone’s home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So sealing off your house, with screens on your windows – and even vents –, is one way to keep out these stealthy bloodsuckers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they feed on your blood, tsetse flies can spread disease. But their motherly instincts are surprisingly familiar to us.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Tsetse Fly Births One Enormous Milk-Fed Baby\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>We mammals like to think we’re pretty special, right? We don’t lay eggs. We feed our babies milk. Well, this very pregnant fly is about to prove us wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yep, this tsetse fly is in labor. And that emerging bundle of joy is her larva.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While other insects can lay hundreds of eggs, she grows one baby at a time inside her, just like us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congratulations!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists think tsetse flies started growing their young like this long ago to guard them from parasites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For that same reason, the larva doesn’t stick around. It burrows into the dirt for protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s already gotten all the nutrition it needs from its mom’s milk. That’s right, this fly makes milk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a drop of it under the microscope. It’s made up of protein and fat, a lot like breast milk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fly doesn’t exactly breastfeed, though. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside its mom, the larva got milk through these tubes … which it drank with this pair of straw-like mouthparts on its head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A female tsetse fly needs a lot of fuel, because over her 10-day pregnancy she produces her own body weight in milk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that fuel comes from us. Tsetses feed exclusively on blood … from humans and other animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s bad news because where the flies live in Africa they spread a debilitating disease called sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in livestock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tsetses make cattle so sick that they can’t be raised efficiently in a region of Africa the size of the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geoff Attardo (off-camera): All right. Coming back to the first trap we set.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People are trying to control them with things like baited traps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geoff Attardo (off-camera): It looks like it has a lot of tsetse flies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Man (off-camera): Tsetse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geoff Attardo (off-camera): Holy cow! That’s a lot of flies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Man (off-camera): Tsetse flies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re effective, but more defenses are needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s where Geoff Attardo, at the University of California, Davis, hopes to help. He’s trying to stop tsetse flies from making babies in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A female only mates once in her life, enough to make the 10 or so babies she’ll have. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The male makes sure she doesn’t mate again by delivering a substance that makes her lose interest in sex. Scientists are trying to figure out what it is. If they could bottle it and spray it, female tsetse flies may never get busy at all. No more tsetse offspring to worry about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After spending about a month below ground in a hard shell, the fly emerges as an adult and unfurls its wings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like us, tsetse flies ensure the next generation by investing a lot in a few offspring, instead of investing very little in a lot of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They grow up so fast, don’t they?\u003c/p>\n\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "Mosquitoes, ticks, lice, kissing bugs and tsetse flies are all looking to grab a bite ... of you. See exactly how they do it, and what you can do to stop them in this special episode of Deep Look. ",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1741710471,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 139,
"wordCount": 2355
},
"headData": {
"title": "5 of the Worst Tiny Bloodsuckers That Have Ever Bitten Us | KQED",
"description": "Mosquitoes, ticks, lice, kissing bugs and tsetse flies are all looking to grab a bite ... of you. See exactly how they do it, and what you can do to stop them in this special episode of Deep Look. ",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "5 of the Worst Tiny Bloodsuckers That Have Ever Bitten Us",
"datePublished": "2024-10-08T06:20:31-07:00",
"dateModified": "2025-03-11T09:27:51-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"videoEmbed": "https://youtu.be/RQTi1GWv_lg",
"pbsMediaId": "3095352451",
"sticky": false,
"nprStoryId": "kqed-1994611",
"templateType": "standard",
"featuredImageType": "standard",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/science/1994611/5-creepy-creatures-out-to-suck-your-blood",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "dl_subscribe",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Chances are you’ve got one of these bloodsuckers lurking nearby. Mosquitoes, ticks, lice, kissing bugs and tsetse flies are all looking to grab a bite … of you. See \u003cem>exactly \u003c/em>how they do it and what you can do to stop them.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>TRANSCRIPT\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Watch out … you might not always see these five tiny creatures coming for you, but chances are you’ve got one lurking nearby ready to suck your blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We show you how they do it and how you can get rid of them. Enjoy!\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How Mosquitoes Use Six Needles to Suck Your Blood\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This is the deadliest animal in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mosquitoes kill hundreds of thousands of people each year … the most vulnerable people: children, pregnant women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No other bite kills more humans … or makes more of us sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what makes a mosquito’s bite so effective?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For starters, they’re motivated. Only females bite us. They need blood to make eggs … and a pool of water for their babies to hatch in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even a piece of trash can hold enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first glance, it looks simple — this mosquito digging her proboscis into us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the tools she’s using here are sophisticated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, a protective sheath retracts – see it bending back?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you look at a mosquito’s head under a microscope, you can see what that sheath protects. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And inside there are six needles!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of them have tiny teeth. She uses those to saw through the skin. They’re so sharp you can barely feel her pushing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These other two needles hold the tissues apart while she works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From under the skin, you can see her probing, looking for a blood vessel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Receptors on the tip of one of her other needles pick up on chemicals that our blood vessels exude naturally and guide her to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then she uses this same needle like a straw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As her gut fills up, she separates water from the blood and squeezes it out. See that drop? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That frees up space to stuff herself with more nutritious red blood cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With another needle, she spits chemicals into us. They get our blood flowing more easily and give us itchy welts afterwards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And sometimes, before she pries herself away, she leaves a parting gift in her saliva: a virus or a parasite that can sicken or kill us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s nothing in it for her. The viruses and parasites are just hitching a ride. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this is what makes mortal enemies out of us and mosquitoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They take our blood. Sometimes we take theirs. But often, not soon enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On to our next miniature vampire. Let’s see how ticks dig into you with a mouth full of hooks, and the best way to pry them loose.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How Ticks Dig In With a Mouth Full of Hooks\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The hills are alive … with silent, waiting ticks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their bites can transmit bacteria that cause Lyme disease, and other things that can make us very sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Protected by these palps is a menacing mouth covered in hooks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First she has to find a host. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She can sense animals like us by the carbon dioxide we give off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She reaches out with her front legs. Scientists call this questing. It will use that claw to latch onto something … like your sleeve. Now you see her, now you don’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once aboard, she searches out a nice spot to bite into … for blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She lives three years, but in that time she only eats three meals. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A tick needs enough blood to grow from larva to nymph, nymph to adult, and then for females to lay their eggs. Gross.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s check out a nymph, a young tick. It’s tiny, smaller than a freckle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To grow into an adult, it needs one blood meal, a big one. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The front of its body is all mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It digs into us using two sets of hooks. The hooks wriggle into the skin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They pull our flesh out of the way and push in this mouthpart: the hypostome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those hooks anchor the tick to us for the long haul, like mini-harpoons. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the speedy mosquito digs in, sucks our blood and splits, all within seconds, a tick nymph stays on for days. Three days, if we don’t find it before then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Compounds in their saliva help blood pool under the surface of our skin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nymph sips it through its mouthparts, like drinking from a straw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a tick is full – and I mean completely full – it falls off wherever it may be. Maybe onto your bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s if you don’t nab it first. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You might have heard that you should twist or burn the tick. Not true. Grab the tick close to your skin and just pull straight out. That’s how you win the fight against those tenacious hooks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If that didn’t make your skin crawl, this will definitely make your scalp itch. It’s time to find out how lice turn your hair into their personal jungle gym.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How Lice Turn Your Hair Into Their Jungle Gym\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It can start as an itch. Maybe a tickle on your scalp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s head lice. Tiny and tenacious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanks to millions of years of evolution, these suckers are not easy to get rid of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You might end up in a salon, but not the kind for haircuts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young lice are so small they’re almost impossible to see with the naked eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our scalp is their buffet. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They feed on our blood. You can see it inside this adult louse. It’s that brownish stuff that’s moving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The secret to their success?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their claws – called tarsal claws – and this little part, called a spine. A pair on each of its six legs. They’ve evolved to fit perfectly around a human hair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They make lice into speedy little acrobats, using our hair like a tightrope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can’t jump or fly, but they get around. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Say two kids – one blond, one brunette – touch heads. The louse just scoots right over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been one long game of hopscotch, from human head to human head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it has to be us. Our head lice can’t live on other animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, other primates have their own species of lice, adapted to their unique hair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Birds have lice that hide in their feathers. Ooh. Cozy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And we all want them gone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Common insecticides won’t kill our head lice anymore. They’ve become resistant to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even their eggs have serious staying power, glued to individual strands of hair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But lice do have a weakness. They can’t survive away from our moist, warm scalp. Head lice cannot even live on other hairy parts of our body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if you – or a professional – painstakingly comb them out, they’ll starve, and die within hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OK, it’s not fun. But it’s just a temporary encounter with a tiny hitchhiker that is biologically destined just for you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These beauties are kissing bugs, but you wouldn’t want to kiss one – because pretty quickly they swell into a balloon full of your blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How a Kissing Bug Becomes a Balloon Full of Your Blood\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This kissing bug isn’t going to give you a loving peck when it sticks you with that tucked-away proboscis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It could actually make you really sick, even kill you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It makes its move at night, while you’re sleeping. It likes your warm body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kissing bugs get their name because they often bite near the lips or eyes, but they’ll dig in anywhere you’ve left uncovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A little anesthetic guarantees you won’t wake up while they feed on you for 10,\u003cbr>\n20, even 30 minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every kissing bug needs several huge meals during the year or two it lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it gulps, its exoskeleton stretches like a balloon, to fit up to 12 times its weight in blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This pliability is called plasticization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How it started. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How it’s going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All that hot liquid could stress an insect’s body and stunt its growth. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the kissing bug cools it down – inside its head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Your warm blood flows in. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cool insect blood, called hemolymph, absorbs the heat and releases it through the top of the bug’s long head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this infrared video, you can see the blood cool down by more than 10 degrees Fahrenheit before it reaches the bug’s abdomen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the bug is safe. You, on the other hand, are not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It injects saliva as it sucks your blood. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a scientist squeezing some out. The saliva has proteins that can give people a deadly allergic reaction called anaphylaxis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it gets much, much worse. OK. This is super gross.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After eating – sometimes while it’s eating – the bug poops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that poop – and urine – might contain the parasite that causes Chagas disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the bug’s victim rubs these feces and urine into the bite wound or their eyes, the parasite can infect them. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Years later, as many as one third of the people who got the parasite develop heart disease that can kill them, sometimes suddenly. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pregnant women can even pass the parasite onto their babies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Few contract the parasite in the U.S., even though kissing bugs live here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in Latin America, millions of people have become infected. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There, kissing bugs are known by many different names: chinche besucona …\u003cbr>\nchinche … pito … vinchuca … barbeiro.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In rural areas, these kissing bug species live in people’s homes, in the cracks of the walls. And in animal coops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spraying has helped bring down infections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But hundreds of thousands of people have left their home countries for the U.S., not knowing the bug gave them the parasite. A simple blood test can find it and medications can often kill it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the American Southwest, the bugs live in the nests of wild animals, like this pack rat den in Arizona, where biologists Anita and Chuck Kristensen collect them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chuck Kristensen (off camera): Kissing bug, kissing bug!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chuck Kristensen (off camera): Genuine kissing bug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the most part, they feed on the pack rats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in late spring and summer, the bugs sometimes travel from these nests into someone’s home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So sealing off your house, with screens on your windows – and even vents –, is one way to keep out these stealthy bloodsuckers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they feed on your blood, tsetse flies can spread disease. But their motherly instincts are surprisingly familiar to us.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Tsetse Fly Births One Enormous Milk-Fed Baby\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>We mammals like to think we’re pretty special, right? We don’t lay eggs. We feed our babies milk. Well, this very pregnant fly is about to prove us wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yep, this tsetse fly is in labor. And that emerging bundle of joy is her larva.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While other insects can lay hundreds of eggs, she grows one baby at a time inside her, just like us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congratulations!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists think tsetse flies started growing their young like this long ago to guard them from parasites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For that same reason, the larva doesn’t stick around. It burrows into the dirt for protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s already gotten all the nutrition it needs from its mom’s milk. That’s right, this fly makes milk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a drop of it under the microscope. It’s made up of protein and fat, a lot like breast milk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fly doesn’t exactly breastfeed, though. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside its mom, the larva got milk through these tubes … which it drank with this pair of straw-like mouthparts on its head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A female tsetse fly needs a lot of fuel, because over her 10-day pregnancy she produces her own body weight in milk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that fuel comes from us. Tsetses feed exclusively on blood … from humans and other animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s bad news because where the flies live in Africa they spread a debilitating disease called sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in livestock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tsetses make cattle so sick that they can’t be raised efficiently in a region of Africa the size of the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geoff Attardo (off-camera): All right. Coming back to the first trap we set.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People are trying to control them with things like baited traps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geoff Attardo (off-camera): It looks like it has a lot of tsetse flies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Man (off-camera): Tsetse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geoff Attardo (off-camera): Holy cow! That’s a lot of flies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Man (off-camera): Tsetse flies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re effective, but more defenses are needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s where Geoff Attardo, at the University of California, Davis, hopes to help. He’s trying to stop tsetse flies from making babies in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A female only mates once in her life, enough to make the 10 or so babies she’ll have. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The male makes sure she doesn’t mate again by delivering a substance that makes her lose interest in sex. Scientists are trying to figure out what it is. If they could bottle it and spray it, female tsetse flies may never get busy at all. No more tsetse offspring to worry about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After spending about a month below ground in a hard shell, the fly emerges as an adult and unfurls its wings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like us, tsetse flies ensure the next generation by investing a lot in a few offspring, instead of investing very little in a lot of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They grow up so fast, don’t they?\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1994611/5-creepy-creatures-out-to-suck-your-blood",
"authors": [
"6219"
],
"series": [
"science_1935"
],
"categories": [
"science_2874",
"science_30",
"science_39",
"science_40",
"science_4450",
"science_86"
],
"tags": [
"science_4414"
],
"featImg": "science_1995145",
"label": "science_1935"
},
"science_1994657": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1994657",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1994657",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1728325478000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "bay-area-braces-for-last-day-of-record-breaking-aug-tober-heat-wave",
"title": "Bay Area Braces for Last Day of Record-Breaking ‘Aug-tober’ Heat Wave",
"publishDate": 1728325478,
"format": "standard",
"headTitle": "Bay Area Braces for Last Day of Record-Breaking ‘Aug-tober’ Heat Wave | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"site": "science"
},
"content": "\u003cp>It’s day eight of the “Aug-tober” heat wave that’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994591/bay-area-heat-wave-will-be-hotter-and-longer-echoing-the-1980-scorcher\">baked the entire Bay Area\u003c/a> with record-breaking temperatures from Ocean Beach to inland valleys, and the end is finally near.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The longevity and the actual magnitude of the heat wave is pretty uncommon,” said Roger Gass, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service’s Bay area office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunday was particularly hot, and the weather service reports that the heat \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994538/3-bay-area-cities-had-hottest-summer-in-history-as-climate-change-pushes-temps-up\">shattered daily high-temperature records\u003c/a> across the region, including records that had stood since 1930 in Santa Rosa, Napa and Kentfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gass said some relief is on the way as temperatures gradually decrease this week, with the possibility of light rain by the weekend in the north.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were forecasting it to be warm, but the widespread-ness of the heat is what caught us off guard,” Gass said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1843096767061184579\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average number of heat waves in the U.S. has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994643/yes-these-california-heat-waves-are-connected-to-climate-change-heres-how\">doubled since the 1980s\u003c/a>, partly because of human-caused climate change caused by burning fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gass expects another day of record-breaking heat with temperatures nearing the triple digits for much of the inland Bay Area on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll definitely break a few,” Gass said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Temperatures will “slightly cool” along the coast, Gass said, allowing the agency to drop its excessive heat warning. However, a heat advisory is in effect for much of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1843253752792523007\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forecasters expect the heat wave to break on Tuesday as temperatures decrease by nearly 15 degrees in coastal areas. Gass said cities like San Francisco will get a necessary reprieve from days of nearly triple-digit heat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11878134 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/GettyImages-2175344883-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The heat wave will meet an abrupt end tomorrow as we expect temperatures in the city to cool to around 71 or 72 and the bay shoreline to be in the upper 70s to low 80s,” Gass said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After over a week of blazing hot days, fire danger is still quite high across the region. But Gass said a lack of wind has helped decrease the potential spread of fires that start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Grasses and soil are very dry, so try not to do anything that would start a fire,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As temperatures cool into the 70s for much of the Bay Area as the week lingers, a cold front could bring a chance of rain in the North Bay. But Gass is hesitant to say the upcoming cooldown is the end of October’s heat because temperatures look to be “above average” for the next two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just too early to tell,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "The heat wave baking Northern California for over a week will likely come to an abrupt end on Tuesday as temperatures drop across the region.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1728330609,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 18,
"wordCount": 481
},
"headData": {
"title": "Bay Area Braces for Last Day of Record-Breaking ‘Aug-tober’ Heat Wave | KQED",
"description": "The heat wave baking Northern California for over a week will likely come to an abrupt end on Tuesday as temperatures drop across the region.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Bay Area Braces for Last Day of Record-Breaking ‘Aug-tober’ Heat Wave",
"datePublished": "2024-10-07T11:24:38-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-10-07T12:50:09-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"sticky": false,
"nprStoryId": "kqed-1994657",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/science/1994657/bay-area-braces-for-last-day-of-record-breaking-aug-tober-heat-wave",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s day eight of the “Aug-tober” heat wave that’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994591/bay-area-heat-wave-will-be-hotter-and-longer-echoing-the-1980-scorcher\">baked the entire Bay Area\u003c/a> with record-breaking temperatures from Ocean Beach to inland valleys, and the end is finally near.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The longevity and the actual magnitude of the heat wave is pretty uncommon,” said Roger Gass, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service’s Bay area office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunday was particularly hot, and the weather service reports that the heat \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994538/3-bay-area-cities-had-hottest-summer-in-history-as-climate-change-pushes-temps-up\">shattered daily high-temperature records\u003c/a> across the region, including records that had stood since 1930 in Santa Rosa, Napa and Kentfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gass said some relief is on the way as temperatures gradually decrease this week, with the possibility of light rain by the weekend in the north.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were forecasting it to be warm, but the widespread-ness of the heat is what caught us off guard,” Gass said.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "singleTwitterStatus",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"id": "1843096767061184579"
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>The average number of heat waves in the U.S. has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994643/yes-these-california-heat-waves-are-connected-to-climate-change-heres-how\">doubled since the 1980s\u003c/a>, partly because of human-caused climate change caused by burning fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gass expects another day of record-breaking heat with temperatures nearing the triple digits for much of the inland Bay Area on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll definitely break a few,” Gass said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Temperatures will “slightly cool” along the coast, Gass said, allowing the agency to drop its excessive heat warning. However, a heat advisory is in effect for much of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "singleTwitterStatus",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"id": "1843253752792523007"
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Forecasters expect the heat wave to break on Tuesday as temperatures decrease by nearly 15 degrees in coastal areas. Gass said cities like San Francisco will get a necessary reprieve from days of nearly triple-digit heat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "aside",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"postid": "news_11878134",
"hero": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/GettyImages-2175344883-1020x680.jpg",
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The heat wave will meet an abrupt end tomorrow as we expect temperatures in the city to cool to around 71 or 72 and the bay shoreline to be in the upper 70s to low 80s,” Gass said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After over a week of blazing hot days, fire danger is still quite high across the region. But Gass said a lack of wind has helped decrease the potential spread of fires that start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Grasses and soil are very dry, so try not to do anything that would start a fire,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As temperatures cool into the 70s for much of the Bay Area as the week lingers, a cold front could bring a chance of rain in the North Bay. But Gass is hesitant to say the upcoming cooldown is the end of October’s heat because temperatures look to be “above average” for the next two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just too early to tell,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1994657/bay-area-braces-for-last-day-of-record-breaking-aug-tober-heat-wave",
"authors": [
"11746"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_40",
"science_4450"
],
"tags": [
"science_856",
"science_2924",
"science_5178",
"science_182",
"science_194",
"science_4417",
"science_4414",
"science_2184",
"science_383",
"science_5183",
"science_309",
"science_365"
],
"featImg": "science_1994666",
"label": "science"
}
},
"podcastsReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"podcasts": {}
},
"radioProgramsReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"radioPrograms": {}
},
"radioSearchSegmentsReducer": {},
"programsReducer": {
"all-things-considered": {
"id": "all-things-considered",
"title": "All Things Considered",
"info": "Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/all-things-considered"
},
"american-suburb-podcast": {
"id": "american-suburb-podcast",
"title": "American Suburb: The Podcast",
"tagline": "The flip side of gentrification, told through one town",
"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/american-suburb-podcast",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 19
},
"link": "/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"
}
},
"baycurious": {
"id": "baycurious",
"title": "Bay Curious",
"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Bay Curious",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/baycurious",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 3
},
"link": "/podcasts/baycurious",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/9a90d476-aa04-455d-9a4c-0871ed6216d4/bay-curious",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"
}
},
"bbc-world-service": {
"id": "bbc-world-service",
"title": "BBC World Service",
"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/",
"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-the-california-report/id79681292",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/26099305-72af-4542-9dde-ac1807fe36d5/kqed-s-the-california-report",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432285393/the-california-report",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-the-california-report-podcast-8838",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcram/feed/podcast"
}
},
"californiareportmagazine": {
"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Magazine-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report Magazine",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 10
},
"link": "/californiareportmagazine",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/564733126/the-california-report-magazine",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-california-report-magazine",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrmag/feed/podcast"
}
},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
"title": "Close All Tabs",
"tagline": "Your irreverent guide to the trends redefining our world",
"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/CAT_2_Tile-scaled.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Close All Tabs",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 1
},
"link": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/close-all-tabs/id214663465",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC6993880386",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/92d9d4ac-67a3-4eed-b10a-fb45d45b1ef2/close-all-tabs",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/6LAJFHnGK1pYXYzv6SIol6?si=deb0cae19813417c"
}
},
"code-switch-life-kit": {
"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
"airtime": "SUN 9pm-10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"
}
},
"commonwealth-club": {
"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"
}
},
"forum": {
"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/forum",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"
}
},
"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 7pm-8pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
}
},
"here-and-now": {
"id": "here-and-now",
"title": "Here & Now",
"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
"airtime": "MON-THU 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Here-And-Now-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/here-and-now",
"subsdcribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=426698661",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Here--Now-p211/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
}
},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/hidden-brain/id1028908750?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"
}
},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Arts--Culture-Podcasts/How-I-Built-This-p910896/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
}
},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/hyphenaci%C3%B3n/id1191591838",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
"youtube": "https://www.youtube.com/c/kqedarts",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/790253322/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/jerrybrown/feed/podcast/",
"tuneIn": "http://tun.in/pjGcK",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/54C1dmuyFyKMFttY6X2j6r?si=K8SgRCoISNK6ZbjpXrX5-w",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/44420f75-3b0e-4301-ab3b-16da6b09e543/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown"
}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Latino-USA-p621/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201853034&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/APM-Marketplace-p88/",
"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"
}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
}
},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/political-breakdown/id1327641087",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/political-breakdown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/07RVyIjIdk2WDuVehvBMoN",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/political-breakdown/feed/podcast"
}
},
"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
}
},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pri.org/programs/the-world",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "PRI"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pri-the-world",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pris-the-world-latest-edition/id278196007?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/PRIs-The-World-p24/",
"rss": "http://feeds.feedburner.com/pri/theworld"
}
},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
"airtime": "SUN 12am-1am, SAT 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/radiolab1400.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/radiolab/",
"meta": {
"site": "science",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/radiolab",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/radiolab/id152249110?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/RadioLab-p68032/",
"rss": "https://feeds.wnyc.org/radiolab"
}
},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/reveal/id886009669",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Reveal-p679597/",
"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
}
},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Rightnowish-Podcast-Tile-500x500-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Rightnowish with Pendarvis Harshaw",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 16
},
"link": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/721590300/rightnowish",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/rightnowish/feed/podcast",
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/rightnowish/id1482187648",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/rightnowish",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMxMjU5MTY3NDc4",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/7kEJuafTzTVan7B78ttz1I"
}
},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
"airtime": "FRI 11am-1pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Science-Friday-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/science-friday",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/science-friday",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=73329284&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Science-Friday-p394/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/science-friday"
}
},
"snap-judgment": {
"id": "snap-judgment",
"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
"airtime": "SAT 1pm-2pm, 9pm-10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Snap-Judgment-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Snap Judgment",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://snapjudgment.org",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 4
},
"link": "https://snapjudgment.org",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/snap-judgment/id283657561",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/449018144/snap-judgment",
"stitcher": "https://www.pandora.com/podcast/snap-judgment/PC:241?source=stitcher-sunset",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3Cct7ZWmxHNAtLgBTqjC5v",
"rss": "https://snap.feed.snapjudgment.org/"
}
},
"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Sold-Out-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/soldout",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 13
},
"link": "/podcasts/soldout",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/911586047/s-o-l-d-o-u-t-a-new-future-for-housing",
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/introducing-sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america/id1531354937",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/soldout",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/38dTBSk2ISFoPiyYNoKn1X",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america",
"tunein": "https://tunein.com/radio/SOLD-OUT-Rethinking-Housing-in-America-p1365871/"
}
},
"spooked": {
"id": "spooked",
"title": "Spooked",
"tagline": "True-life supernatural stories",
"info": "",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Spooked-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Spooked",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://spookedpodcast.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 7
},
"link": "https://spookedpodcast.org/",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/spooked/id1279361017",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/549547848/snap-judgment-presents-spooked",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/76571Rfl3m7PLJQZKQIGCT",
"rss": "https://feeds.simplecast.com/TBotaapn"
}
},
"tech-nation": {
"id": "tech-nation",
"title": "Tech Nation Radio Podcast",
"info": "Tech Nation is a weekly public radio program, hosted by Dr. Moira Gunn. Founded in 1993, it has grown from a simple interview show to a multi-faceted production, featuring conversations with noted technology and science leaders, and a weekly science and technology-related commentary.",
"airtime": "FRI 10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Tech-Nation-Radio-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://technation.podomatic.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "science",
"source": "Tech Nation Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/tech-nation",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://technation.podomatic.com/rss2.xml"
}
},
"ted-radio-hour": {
"id": "ted-radio-hour",
"title": "TED Radio Hour",
"info": "The TED Radio Hour is a journey through fascinating ideas, astonishing inventions, fresh approaches to old problems, and new ways to think and create.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm, SAT 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/tedRadioHour.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/ted-radio-hour/?showDate=2018-06-22",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/ted-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/8vsS",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=523121474&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/TED-Radio-Hour-p418021/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510298/podcast.xml"
}
},
"thebay": {
"id": "thebay",
"title": "The Bay",
"tagline": "Local news to keep you rooted",
"info": "Host Devin Katayama walks you through the biggest story of the day with reporters and newsmakers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Bay-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Bay",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/thebay",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 2
},
"link": "/podcasts/thebay",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d800ea4c-7a2c-42f2-b861-edaf78a5db0b/the-bay",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/586725995/the-bay",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC8259786327"
}
},
"thelatest": {
"id": "thelatest",
"title": "The Latest",
"tagline": "Trusted local news in real time",
"info": "",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/The-Latest-2025-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Latest",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/thelatest",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 6
},
"link": "/thelatest",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-latest-from-kqed/id1197721799",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/1257949365/the-latest-from-k-q-e-d",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/5KIIXMgM9GTi5AepwOYvIZ?si=bd3053fec7244dba",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9137121918"
}
},
"theleap": {
"id": "theleap",
"title": "The Leap",
"tagline": "What if you closed your eyes, and jumped?",
"info": "Stories about people making dramatic, risky changes, told by award-winning public radio reporter Judy Campbell.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Leap-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Leap",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/theleap",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 17
},
"link": "/podcasts/theleap",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-leap/id1046668171",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/447248267/the-leap",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-leap",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3sSlVHHzU0ytLwuGs1SD1U",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/programs/the-leap/feed/podcast"
}
},
"the-moth-radio-hour": {
"id": "the-moth-radio-hour",
"title": "The Moth Radio Hour",
"info": "Since its launch in 1997, The Moth has presented thousands of true stories, told live and without notes, to standing-room-only crowds worldwide. Moth storytellers stand alone, under a spotlight, with only a microphone and a roomful of strangers. The storyteller and the audience embark on a high-wire act of shared experience which is both terrifying and exhilarating. Since 2008, The Moth podcast has featured many of our favorite stories told live on Moth stages around the country. For information on all of our programs and live events, visit themoth.org.",
"airtime": "SAT 8pm-9pm and SUN 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/theMoth.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://themoth.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "prx"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-moth-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-moth-podcast/id275699983?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/The-Moth-p273888/",
"rss": "http://feeds.themoth.org/themothpodcast"
}
},
"the-new-yorker-radio-hour": {
"id": "the-new-yorker-radio-hour",
"title": "The New Yorker Radio Hour",
"info": "The New Yorker Radio Hour is a weekly program presented by the magazine's editor, David Remnick, and produced by WNYC Studios and The New Yorker. Each episode features a diverse mix of interviews, profiles, storytelling, and an occasional burst of humor inspired by the magazine, and shaped by its writers, artists, and editors. This isn't a radio version of a magazine, but something all its own, reflecting the rich possibilities of audio storytelling and conversation. Theme music for the show was composed and performed by Merrill Garbus of tUnE-YArDs.",
"airtime": "SAT 10am-11am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-New-Yorker-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/tnyradiohour",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-new-yorker-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1050430296",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/New-Yorker-Radio-Hour-p803804/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/newyorkerradiohour"
}
},
"the-sam-sanders-show": {
"id": "the-sam-sanders-show",
"title": "The Sam Sanders Show",
"info": "One of public radio's most dynamic voices, Sam Sanders helped launch The NPR Politics Podcast and hosted NPR's hit show It's Been A Minute. Now, the award-winning host returns with something brand new, The Sam Sanders Show. Every week, Sam Sanders and friends dig into the culture that shapes our lives: what's driving the biggest trends, how artists really think, and even the memes you can't stop scrolling past. Sam is beloved for his way of unpacking the world and bringing you up close to fresh currents and engaging conversations. The Sam Sanders Show is smart, funny and always a good time.",
"airtime": "FRI 12-1pm AND SAT 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/The-Sam-Sanders-Show-Podcast-Tile-400x400-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.kcrw.com/shows/the-sam-sanders-show/latest",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "KCRW"
},
"link": "https://www.kcrw.com/shows/the-sam-sanders-show/latest",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://feed.cdnstream1.com/zjb/feed/download/ac/28/59/ac28594c-e1d0-4231-8728-61865cdc80e8.xml"
}
},
"the-splendid-table": {
"id": "the-splendid-table",
"title": "The Splendid Table",
"info": "\u003cem>The Splendid Table\u003c/em> hosts our nation's conversations about cooking, sustainability and food culture.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Splendid-Table-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.splendidtable.org/",
"airtime": "SUN 10-11 pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-splendid-table"
},
"this-american-life": {
"id": "this-american-life",
"title": "This American Life",
"info": "This American Life is a weekly public radio show, heard by 2.2 million people on more than 500 stations. Another 2.5 million people download the weekly podcast. It is hosted by Ira Glass, produced in collaboration with Chicago Public Media, delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange, and has won all of the major broadcasting awards.",
"airtime": "SAT 12pm-1pm, 7pm-8pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/thisAmericanLife.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.thisamericanlife.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wbez"
},
"link": "/radio/program/this-american-life",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201671138&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"rss": "https://www.thisamericanlife.org/podcast/rss.xml"
}
},
"tinydeskradio": {
"id": "tinydeskradio",
"title": "Tiny Desk Radio",
"info": "We're bringing the best of Tiny Desk to the airwaves, only on public radio.",
"airtime": "SUN 8pm and SAT 9pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/300x300-For-Member-Station-Logo-Tiny-Desk-Radio-@2x.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/g-s1-52030/tiny-desk-radio",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/tinydeskradio",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/g-s1-52030/rss.xml"
}
},
"wait-wait-dont-tell-me": {
"id": "wait-wait-dont-tell-me",
"title": "Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!",
"info": "Peter Sagal and Bill Kurtis host the weekly NPR News quiz show alongside some of the best and brightest news and entertainment personalities.",
"airtime": "SUN 10am-11am, SAT 11am-12pm, SAT 6pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Wait-Wait-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/wait-wait-dont-tell-me/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/wait-wait-dont-tell-me",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/Xogv",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=121493804&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Wait-Wait-Dont-Tell-Me-p46/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/344098539/podcast.xml"
}
},
"weekend-edition-saturday": {
"id": "weekend-edition-saturday",
"title": "Weekend Edition Saturday",
"info": "Weekend Edition Saturday wraps up the week's news and offers a mix of analysis and features on a wide range of topics, including arts, sports, entertainment, and human interest stories. The two-hour program is hosted by NPR's Peabody Award-winning Scott Simon.",
"airtime": "SAT 5am-10am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-saturday/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/weekend-edition-saturday"
},
"weekend-edition-sunday": {
"id": "weekend-edition-sunday",
"title": "Weekend Edition Sunday",
"info": "Weekend Edition Sunday features interviews with newsmakers, artists, scientists, politicians, musicians, writers, theologians and historians. The program has covered news events from Nelson Mandela's 1990 release from a South African prison to the capture of Saddam Hussein.",
"airtime": "SUN 5am-10am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-sunday/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/weekend-edition-sunday"
}
},
"racesReducer": {},
"racesGenElectionReducer": {},
"racesGenElection2026Reducer": {},
"radioSchedulesReducer": {},
"listsReducer": {
"posts/science?category=news": {
"isFetching": false,
"latestQuery": {
"from": 288,
"size": 12
},
"vitalsOnly": false,
"totalRequested": 12,
"isLoading": false,
"isLoadingMore": true,
"total": {
"value": 3366,
"relation": "eq"
},
"items": [
"science_1994822",
"science_1994794",
"science_1994797",
"science_1994754",
"science_1994759",
"science_1994736",
"science_1992826",
"science_1994714",
"science_1994687",
"science_1994685",
"science_1994611",
"science_1994657"
],
"complete": true
}
},
"recallGuideReducer": {
"intros": {},
"policy": {},
"candidates": {}
},
"savedArticleReducer": {
"articles": [],
"status": {}
},
"newslettersReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"newsletters": {},
"isSubscribing": false,
"isUnsubscribing": false,
"subscribedNewsletters": {}
},
"termsReducer": {
"about": {
"name": "About",
"type": "terms",
"id": "about",
"slug": "about",
"link": "/about",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"arts": {
"name": "Arts & Culture",
"grouping": [
"arts",
"pop",
"trulyca"
],
"description": "KQED Arts provides daily in-depth coverage of the Bay Area's music, art, film, performing arts, literature and arts news, as well as cultural commentary and criticism.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "arts",
"slug": "arts",
"link": "/arts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"artschool": {
"name": "Art School",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "artschool",
"slug": "artschool",
"link": "/artschool",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"bayareabites": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "bayareabites",
"slug": "bayareabites",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"bayareahiphop": {
"name": "Bay Area Hiphop",
"type": "terms",
"id": "bayareahiphop",
"slug": "bayareahiphop",
"link": "/bayareahiphop",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"campaign21": {
"name": "Campaign 21",
"type": "terms",
"id": "campaign21",
"slug": "campaign21",
"link": "/campaign21",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"careers": {
"name": "Careers",
"type": "terms",
"id": "careers",
"slug": "careers",
"link": "/careers",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"checkplease": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "checkplease",
"slug": "checkplease",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"education": {
"name": "Education",
"grouping": [
"education"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "education",
"slug": "education",
"link": "/education",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"elections": {
"name": "Elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "elections",
"slug": "elections",
"link": "/elections",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"events": {
"name": "Events",
"type": "terms",
"id": "events",
"slug": "events",
"link": "/events",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"event": {
"name": "Event",
"alias": "events",
"type": "terms",
"id": "event",
"slug": "event",
"link": "/event",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"filmschoolshorts": {
"name": "Film School Shorts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "filmschoolshorts",
"slug": "filmschoolshorts",
"link": "/filmschoolshorts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"food": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "food",
"slug": "food",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"forum": {
"name": "Forum",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/forum?",
"parent": "news",
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum",
"slug": "forum",
"link": "/forum",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"futureofyou": {
"name": "Future of You",
"grouping": [
"science",
"futureofyou"
],
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou",
"slug": "futureofyou",
"link": "/futureofyou",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"jpepinheart": {
"name": "KQED food",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/food,bayareabites,checkplease",
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "jpepinheart",
"slug": "jpepinheart",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"liveblog": {
"name": "Live Blog",
"type": "terms",
"id": "liveblog",
"slug": "liveblog",
"link": "/liveblog",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"livetv": {
"name": "Live TV",
"parent": "tv",
"type": "terms",
"id": "livetv",
"slug": "livetv",
"link": "/livetv",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"lowdown": {
"name": "The Lowdown",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/lowdown?",
"parent": "news",
"type": "terms",
"id": "lowdown",
"slug": "lowdown",
"link": "/lowdown",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"mindshift": {
"name": "Mindshift",
"parent": "news",
"description": "MindShift explores the future of education by highlighting the innovative – and sometimes counterintuitive – ways educators and parents are helping all children succeed.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "mindshift",
"slug": "mindshift",
"link": "/mindshift",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"news": {
"name": "News",
"grouping": [
"news",
"forum"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "news",
"slug": "news",
"link": "/news",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"newsletters": {
"name": "newsletters",
"type": "terms",
"id": "newsletters",
"slug": "newsletters",
"link": "/newsletters",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"perspectives": {
"name": "Perspectives",
"parent": "radio",
"type": "terms",
"id": "perspectives",
"slug": "perspectives",
"link": "/perspectives",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"podcasts": {
"name": "Podcasts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "podcasts",
"slug": "podcasts",
"link": "/podcasts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"pop": {
"name": "Pop",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "pop",
"slug": "pop",
"link": "/pop",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"pressroom": {
"name": "Pressroom",
"type": "terms",
"id": "pressroom",
"slug": "pressroom",
"link": "/pressroom",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"quest": {
"name": "Quest",
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest",
"slug": "quest",
"link": "/quest",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"radio": {
"name": "Radio",
"grouping": [
"forum",
"perspectives"
],
"description": "Listen to KQED Public Radio – home of Forum and The California Report – on 88.5 FM in San Francisco, 89.3 FM in Sacramento, 88.3 FM in Santa Rosa and 88.1 FM in Martinez.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "radio",
"slug": "radio",
"link": "/radio",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"root": {
"name": "KQED",
"image": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"imageWidth": 1200,
"imageHeight": 630,
"headData": {
"title": "KQED | News, Radio, Podcasts, TV | Public Media for Northern California",
"description": "KQED provides public radio, television, and independent reporting on issues that matter to the Bay Area. We’re the NPR and PBS member station for Northern California."
},
"type": "terms",
"id": "root",
"slug": "root",
"link": "/root",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"science": {
"name": "Science",
"grouping": [
"science",
"futureofyou"
],
"description": "KQED Science brings you award-winning science and environment coverage from the Bay Area and beyond.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "science",
"slug": "science",
"link": "/science",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"stateofhealth": {
"name": "State of Health",
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "stateofhealth",
"slug": "stateofhealth",
"link": "/stateofhealth",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"support": {
"name": "Support",
"type": "terms",
"id": "support",
"slug": "support",
"link": "/support",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"thedolist": {
"name": "The Do List",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "thedolist",
"slug": "thedolist",
"link": "/thedolist",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"trulyca": {
"name": "Truly CA",
"grouping": [
"arts",
"pop",
"trulyca"
],
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "trulyca",
"slug": "trulyca",
"link": "/trulyca",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"tv": {
"name": "TV",
"type": "terms",
"id": "tv",
"slug": "tv",
"link": "/tv",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"voterguide": {
"name": "Voter Guide",
"parent": "elections",
"alias": "elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "voterguide",
"slug": "voterguide",
"link": "/voterguide",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"guiaelectoral": {
"name": "Guia Electoral",
"parent": "elections",
"alias": "elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "guiaelectoral",
"slug": "guiaelectoral",
"link": "/guiaelectoral",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"science_category_news": {
"isLoading": true
},
"science_40": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_40",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "40",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "News",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "News Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 42,
"slug": "news",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/news"
},
"source_science_1994736": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1994736",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Sold Out",
"link": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/soldout",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1994687": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1994687",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Inside Climate News",
"isLoading": false
},
"science_31": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_31",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "31",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Climate",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Climate Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 33,
"slug": "climate",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/climate"
},
"science_33": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_33",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "33",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Energy",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Energy Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 35,
"slug": "energy",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/energy"
},
"science_2924": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2924",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2924",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Bay Area weather",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Bay Area weather Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2924,
"slug": "bay-area-weather",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/bay-area-weather"
},
"science_182": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_182",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "182",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "climate",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "climate Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 186,
"slug": "climate-2",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/climate-2"
},
"science_194": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_194",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "194",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "climate change",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "climate change Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 198,
"slug": "climate-change",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/climate-change"
},
"science_4417": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_4417",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "4417",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "featured-news",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "featured-news Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 4417,
"slug": "featured-news",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/featured-news"
},
"science_4414": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_4414",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "4414",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "featured-science",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "featured-science Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 4414,
"slug": "featured-science",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/featured-science"
},
"science_112": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_112",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "112",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "fire",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "fire Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 116,
"slug": "fire",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/fire"
},
"science_136": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_136",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "136",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "PG&E",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "PG&E Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 140,
"slug": "pge",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/pge"
},
"science_5235": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5235",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5235",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "power outage",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "power outage Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5235,
"slug": "power-outage",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/power-outage"
},
"science_365": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_365",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "365",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "weather",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "weather Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 371,
"slug": "weather",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/weather"
},
"science_5347": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5347",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5347",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"name": "wildfires",
"slug": "wildfires",
"taxonomy": "tag",
"description": null,
"featImg": null,
"headData": {
"title": "wildfires Archives | KQED Science",
"description": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogDescription": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"twDescription": null,
"twImgId": null
},
"ttid": 5347,
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/wildfires"
},
"science_187": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_187",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "187",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "wind",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "wind Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 191,
"slug": "wind",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/wind"
},
"science_5217": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5217",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5217",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "California",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "interest",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "California Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5217,
"slug": "california",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/interest/california"
},
"science_5229": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5229",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5229",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Climate",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "interest",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Climate Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5229,
"slug": "climate",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/interest/climate"
},
"science_5212": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5212",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5212",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "News",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "interest",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "News Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5212,
"slug": "news",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/interest/news"
},
"science_28": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_28",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "28",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Astronomy",
"description": "Explore the universe with KQED Science! Dive into the latest astronomy news, discover celestial events, and unravel the mysteries of outer space.",
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": "Explore the universe with KQED Science! Dive into the latest astronomy news, discover celestial events, and unravel the mysteries of outer space.",
"title": "Astronomy Articles | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 30,
"slug": "astronomy",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/astronomy"
},
"science_4450": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_4450",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "4450",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Science",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Science Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 4450,
"slug": "science",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/science"
},
"science_3947": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3947",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3947",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Space",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Space Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3947,
"slug": "space",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/space"
},
"science_1073": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_1073",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1073",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "astronomy",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "astronomy Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1081,
"slug": "astronomy-2",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/astronomy-2"
},
"science_4992": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_4992",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "4992",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "audience-news",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "audience-news Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 4992,
"slug": "audience-news",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/audience-news"
},
"science_145": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_145",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "145",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "comet",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "comet Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 149,
"slug": "comet",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/comet"
},
"science_577": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_577",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "577",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "space",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "space Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 583,
"slug": "space",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/space"
},
"science_5208": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5208",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5208",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "San Francisco",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "interest",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "San Francisco Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5208,
"slug": "san-francisco",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/interest/san-francisco"
},
"science_5216": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5216",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5216",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Science",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "interest",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Science Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5216,
"slug": "science",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/interest/science"
},
"science_765": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_765",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "765",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "carbon",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "carbon Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 772,
"slug": "carbon",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/carbon"
},
"science_257": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_257",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "257",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "earthquake",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "earthquake Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 261,
"slug": "earthquake",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/earthquake"
},
"science_427": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_427",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "427",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "earthquakes",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "earthquakes Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 433,
"slug": "earthquakes",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/earthquakes"
},
"science_218": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_218",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "218",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "geology",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "geology Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 222,
"slug": "geology-2",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/geology-2"
},
"science_2677": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2677",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2677",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "ShakeAlert",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "ShakeAlert Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2689,
"slug": "shakealert",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/shakealert"
},
"science_5211": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5211",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5211",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Technology",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "interest",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Technology Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5211,
"slug": "technology",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/interest/technology"
},
"science_5178": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5178",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5178",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "California",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "California Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5178,
"slug": "california",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/california"
},
"science_309": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_309",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "309",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "science",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "science Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 314,
"slug": "science",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/science"
},
"science_5140": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5140",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5140",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "SOLD OUT",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "program",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "SOLD OUT Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5140,
"slug": "sold-out",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/program/sold-out"
},
"science_3448": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3448",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3448",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "flood",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "flood Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3448,
"slug": "flood",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/flood"
},
"science_2114": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2114",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2114",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "flooding",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "flooding Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2125,
"slug": "flooding",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/flooding"
},
"science_5379": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5379",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5379",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"name": "pajaro",
"slug": "pajaro",
"taxonomy": "tag",
"description": null,
"featImg": null,
"headData": {
"title": "pajaro | KQED Science",
"description": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogDescription": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"twDescription": null,
"twImgId": null
},
"ttid": 5379,
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/pajaro"
},
"science_5072": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5072",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5072",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Sold Out",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Sold Out Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5072,
"slug": "sold-out",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/sold-out"
},
"science_5094": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5094",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5094",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "sold out season 3",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "sold out season 3 Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5094,
"slug": "sold-out-season-3",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/sold-out-season-3"
},
"science_5073": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5073",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5073",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "soldout",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "soldout Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5073,
"slug": "soldout",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/soldout"
},
"science_5218": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5218",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5218",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Housing",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "interest",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Housing Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5218,
"slug": "housing",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/interest/housing"
},
"science_3253": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3253",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3253",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "climate science",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "climate science Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3253,
"slug": "climate-science",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/climate-science"
},
"science_2874": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2874",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2874",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Animals",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Animals Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2874,
"slug": "animals",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/animals"
},
"science_205": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_205",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "205",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "conservation",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "conservation Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 209,
"slug": "conservation",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/conservation"
},
"science_2053": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2053",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2053",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "monarch butterflies",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "monarch butterflies Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2064,
"slug": "monarch-butterflies",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/monarch-butterflies"
},
"science_2184": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2184",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2184",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "heat",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "heat Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2196,
"slug": "heat",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/heat"
},
"science_383": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_383",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "383",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "heat wave",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "heat wave Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 389,
"slug": "heat-wave",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/heat-wave"
},
"science_5183": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5183",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5183",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "San Francisco",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "San Francisco Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5183,
"slug": "san-francisco",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/san-francisco"
},
"science_5177": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5177",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5177",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "San Jose",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "San Jose Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5177,
"slug": "san-jose",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/san-jose"
},
"science_1935": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_1935",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1935",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Deep Look",
"description": "[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mpAc7SyETD4?rel=0&w=640&h=360]\r\n\r\n\u003cbr/>\r\n\r\n\u003ch2>About Deep Look\u003c/h2>\r\n\r\n[dl_subscribe]\r\n\r\n\u003cp>See the unseen at the very edge of our visible world. Get a new perspective on our place in the universe and meet extraordinary new friends. Explore big scientific mysteries by going incredibly small with Deep Look, a new ultra-HD (4K) short video series created by KQED San Francisco and presented by PBS Digital Studios.\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\u003cp>Don't miss an episode! \u003ca href=\"http://goo.gl/8NwXqt\">SUBSCRIBE to Deep Look on YouTube.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\r\n",
"taxonomy": "series",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": "[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mpAc7SyETD4?rel=0&w=640&h=360] About Deep Look [dl_subscribe] See the unseen at the very edge of our visible world. Get a new perspective on our place in the universe and meet extraordinary new friends. Explore big scientific mysteries by going incredibly small with Deep Look, a new ultra-HD (4K) short video series created by KQED San Francisco and presented by PBS Digital Studios. Don't miss an episode! SUBSCRIBE to Deep Look on YouTube.",
"title": "Deep Look Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1946,
"slug": "deep-look",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/series/deep-look"
},
"science_30": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_30",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "30",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Biology",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Biology Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 32,
"slug": "biology",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/biology"
},
"science_39": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_39",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "39",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Health",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Health Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 41,
"slug": "health",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/health"
},
"science_86": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_86",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "86",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Video",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Video Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 89,
"slug": "video",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/video"
},
"science_856": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_856",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "856",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "bay area",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "bay area Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 862,
"slug": "bay-area",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/bay-area"
}
},
"userPermissionsReducer": {
"wpLoggedIn": false
},
"eventsReducer": {},
"fssReducer": {},
"tvDailyScheduleReducer": {},
"tvWeeklyScheduleReducer": {},
"tvPrimetimeScheduleReducer": {},
"tvMonthlyScheduleReducer": {},
"userAccountReducer": {
"user": {
"email": null,
"emailStatus": "EMAIL_UNVALIDATED",
"loggedStatus": "LOGGED_OUT",
"loggingChecked": false,
"articles": [],
"firstName": null,
"lastName": null,
"phoneNumber": null,
"fetchingMembership": false,
"membershipError": false,
"memberships": [
{
"id": null,
"startDate": null,
"firstName": null,
"lastName": null,
"familyNumber": null,
"memberNumber": null,
"memberSince": null,
"expirationDate": null,
"pfsEligible": false,
"isSustaining": false,
"membershipLevel": "Prospect",
"membershipStatus": "Non Member",
"lastGiftDate": null,
"renewalDate": null,
"lastDonationAmount": null
}
]
},
"authModal": {
"isOpen": false,
"view": "LANDING_VIEW"
},
"error": null
},
"youthMediaReducer": {},
"checkPleaseReducer": {
"filterData": {
"region": {
"key": "Restaurant Region",
"filters": [
"Any Region"
]
},
"cuisine": {
"key": "Restaurant Cuisine",
"filters": [
"Any Cuisine"
]
}
},
"restaurantDataById": {},
"restaurantIdsSorted": [],
"error": null
},
"userAgentReducer": {
"userAgent": "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)",
"isBot": true
}
}
