window.__IS_SSR__=true
window.__INITIAL_STATE__={
"attachmentsReducer": {
"audio_0": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_0",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background0.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_1": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_1",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background1.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_2": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_2",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background2.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_3": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_3",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background3.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_4": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_4",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background4.jpg"
}
}
},
"placeholder": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "placeholder",
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 512,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"small": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 32,
"height": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 50,
"height": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 64,
"height": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 96,
"height": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 128,
"height": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333
}
}
},
"science_1933622": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1933622",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933622",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1933612,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-520x339.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 339
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-160x104.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 104
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-960x625.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 625
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-375x244.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 244
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1303
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-1020x665.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 665
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-1180x769.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 769
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-1200x782.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 782
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-800x521.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 521
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-1920x1251.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1251
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-1180x769.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 769
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-1920x1251.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1251
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-768x500.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 500
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_0969-240x156.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 156
}
},
"publishDate": 1540568854,
"modified": 1540568938,
"caption": "Cars and trucks are the largest source of air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions in California.",
"description": "Cars and trucks are the largest source of air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions in California.",
"title": "IMG_0969",
"credit": "Craig Miller/KQED",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1933297": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1933297",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933297",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1933231,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_24_15-1030x688-520x347.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 347
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_24_15-1030x688-1030x576.jpg",
"width": 1030,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_24_15-1030x688-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_24_15-1030x688-960x641.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 641
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_24_15-1030x688-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_24_15-1030x688-375x250.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 250
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_24_15-1030x688.jpg",
"width": 1030,
"height": 688
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_24_15-1030x688-1020x681.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 681
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_24_15-1030x688-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_24_15-1030x688-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_24_15-1030x688-800x534.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 534
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_24_15-1030x688-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_24_15-1030x688-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_24_15-1030x688-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_24_15-1030x688-768x513.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 513
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_24_15-1030x688-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_24_15-1030x688-240x160.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 160
}
},
"publishDate": 1539987794,
"modified": 1540585051,
"caption": "The 2018 Bay Area Science Festival promises to be jam packed with engaging talks, workshops and exhibits for all ages.",
"description": null,
"title": "hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_24_15-1030x688",
"credit": "Bay Area Science Festival",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1927153": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1927153",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1927153",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1927142,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-520x363.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 363
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-160x112.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 112
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-960x670.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 670
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-375x262.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 262
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-e1540254135420.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1341
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-1020x712.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 712
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-1180x824.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 824
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-1200x838.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 838
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-800x559.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 559
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-1920x1341.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1341
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-1180x824.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 824
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-1920x1341.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1341
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-768x536.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 536
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-994931004-240x168.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 168
}
},
"publishDate": 1531252700,
"modified": 1554502993,
"caption": "Plaintiff Dewayne Johnson sits while his attorney speaks about his condition during the Monsanto trial in San Francisco in July 2018. ",
"description": null,
"title": "US-chemicals-environment-trial-health-cancer-illness",
"credit": "Josh Edelson/AFP/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1933388": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1933388",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933388",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1933282,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-520x347.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 347
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-960x640.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 640
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-375x250.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 250
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248.jpg",
"width": 2121,
"height": 1414
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-1200x800.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 800
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 512
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/iStock-849207248-240x160.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 160
}
},
"publishDate": 1540143614,
"modified": 1540231917,
"caption": "Supporters of Proposition 7 believe the time has come to reevaluate our biannual practice of changing our clocks.",
"description": null,
"title": "Clock on the bed in the morning.",
"credit": "manop1984/iStockphoto",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1933366": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1933366",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933366",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1933363,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-520x390.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 390
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-160x120.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 120
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-960x720.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 720
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-375x281.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 281
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098.jpg",
"width": 3264,
"height": 2448
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-1020x765.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 765
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-1180x885.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 885
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-1200x900.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 900
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-800x600.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 600
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-1920x1440.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1440
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-1180x885.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 885
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-1920x1440.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1440
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-768x576.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/IMG_9098-240x180.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 180
}
},
"publishDate": 1540000817,
"modified": 1540001510,
"caption": "Youth plaintiffs and supporters gather outside a federal courthouse in San Francisco, following pre-trial hearings on their climate case, in December, 2017. ",
"description": null,
"title": "IMG_9098",
"credit": "Craig Miller/KQED",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1933321": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1933321",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933321",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1933317,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-520x366.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 366
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-160x113.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 113
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-960x675.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 675
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-375x264.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 264
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater.jpg",
"width": 3138,
"height": 2208
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-1020x718.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 718
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-1180x830.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 830
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-1200x844.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 844
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-800x563.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 563
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-1920x1351.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1351
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-1180x830.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 830
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-1920x1351.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1351
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-768x540.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 540
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/TrumpWater-240x169.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 169
}
},
"publishDate": 1539990567,
"modified": 1539990625,
"caption": "President Donald Trump shakes hands with US Representative Devin Nunes after signing a presidential memorandum about water.",
"description": null,
"title": "US-POLITICS-TRUMP",
"credit": "NICHOLAS KAMM/AFP/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1933225": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1933225",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933225",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1933223,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/gettyimages-167393947_wide-5e33d1c27db7ad5eaec59872fd8e9d9c2c7ed1a9-s800-c85-520x293.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 293
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/gettyimages-167393947_wide-5e33d1c27db7ad5eaec59872fd8e9d9c2c7ed1a9-s800-c85-160x90.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 90
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/gettyimages-167393947_wide-5e33d1c27db7ad5eaec59872fd8e9d9c2c7ed1a9-s800-c85-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/gettyimages-167393947_wide-5e33d1c27db7ad5eaec59872fd8e9d9c2c7ed1a9-s800-c85-375x211.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 211
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/gettyimages-167393947_wide-5e33d1c27db7ad5eaec59872fd8e9d9c2c7ed1a9-s800-c85.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 450
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/gettyimages-167393947_wide-5e33d1c27db7ad5eaec59872fd8e9d9c2c7ed1a9-s800-c85-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/gettyimages-167393947_wide-5e33d1c27db7ad5eaec59872fd8e9d9c2c7ed1a9-s800-c85-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/gettyimages-167393947_wide-5e33d1c27db7ad5eaec59872fd8e9d9c2c7ed1a9-s800-c85-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 450
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/gettyimages-167393947_wide-5e33d1c27db7ad5eaec59872fd8e9d9c2c7ed1a9-s800-c85-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/gettyimages-167393947_wide-5e33d1c27db7ad5eaec59872fd8e9d9c2c7ed1a9-s800-c85-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/gettyimages-167393947_wide-5e33d1c27db7ad5eaec59872fd8e9d9c2c7ed1a9-s800-c85-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/gettyimages-167393947_wide-5e33d1c27db7ad5eaec59872fd8e9d9c2c7ed1a9-s800-c85-768x432.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 432
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/gettyimages-167393947_wide-5e33d1c27db7ad5eaec59872fd8e9d9c2c7ed1a9-s800-c85-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/gettyimages-167393947_wide-5e33d1c27db7ad5eaec59872fd8e9d9c2c7ed1a9-s800-c85-240x135.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 135
}
},
"publishDate": 1539967179,
"modified": 1539967254,
"caption": "The Ross Ice Shelf, photographed in 2003. Researchers found that by monitoring the seismic effects of wind on the surface of a shelf, they could gain insight into its structural integrity.",
"description": null,
"title": "gettyimages-167393947_wide-5e33d1c27db7ad5eaec59872fd8e9d9c2c7ed1a9-s800-c85",
"credit": "De Agostini Picture Library/De Agostini/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1984387": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1984387",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1984387",
"found": true
},
"parent": 0,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/M7-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/M7-160x90.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 90
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/M7-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/M7.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/M7-1020x574.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 574
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/M7-1536x864.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 864
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/M7-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 450
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2023/09/M7-768x432.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 432
}
},
"publishDate": 1695498028,
"modified": 1695498028,
"caption": null,
"description": null,
"title": "M7",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"altTag": null,
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1933074": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1933074",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933074",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1932901,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-520x347.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 347
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-960x640.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 640
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-375x250.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 250
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672.jpg",
"width": 5472,
"height": 3648
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-1200x800.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 800
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 512
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-1036099672-240x160.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 160
}
},
"publishDate": 1539815482,
"modified": 1539815953,
"caption": "Partial view of the flora in Puerto Rico's national park, on September 19, 2018. A new study blames climate change for the dramatic declines in insect populations in the tropics.",
"description": null,
"title": "Puerto Rico Still Recovering One Year After Hurricane Maria's Deadly Onslaught",
"credit": "Angel Valentin/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1933124": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1933124",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933124",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1933122,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/p1020847-520x310.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 310
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/p1020847-160x95.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 95
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/p1020847-640x372.jpg",
"width": 640,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/p1020847-375x223.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 223
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/p1020847.jpg",
"width": 640,
"height": 381
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/p1020847-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/p1020847-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/p1020847-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/p1020847-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/p1020847-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/p1020847-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/p1020847-240x143.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 143
}
},
"publishDate": 1539873454,
"modified": 1539873481,
"caption": "Researchers found that removing a section of old levee on the Cosumnes River Preserve in California appreciably restocked groundwater aquifers. State law requires a specific benefit to come out of such recharge efforts before granting a water diversion permit. ",
"description": null,
"title": "p1020847",
"credit": "UC Merced",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1933110": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1933110",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933110",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1933109,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-520x292.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 292
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-160x90.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 90
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-960x540.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 540
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-375x211.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 211
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d.jpg",
"width": 4832,
"height": 2717
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-1020x574.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 574
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-1180x664.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 664
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-1200x675.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 675
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 450
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-1920x1080.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1080
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-1180x664.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 664
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-1920x1080.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1080
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-768x432.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 432
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ap_17279712126426greenhouse_wide-1bf4d944b467b2ff9b17c153b8275b366cd8542d-240x135.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 135
}
},
"publishDate": 1539871653,
"modified": 1539871736,
"caption": "In this June 3, 2017, file photo, the coal-fired Plant Scherer stands in the distance in Juliette, Ga.",
"description": "In this June 3, 2017, file photo, the coal-fired Plant Scherer stands in the distance in Juliette, Ga.",
"title": "In this June 3, 2017, file photo, the coal-fired Plant Scherer stands in the distance in Juliette, Ga.",
"credit": "Branden Camp/AP",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1933031": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1933031",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933031",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1933028,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-520x355.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 355
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-160x109.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 109
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-960x655.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 655
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-375x256.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 256
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602.jpg",
"width": 3000,
"height": 2047
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-1020x696.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 696
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-1180x805.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 805
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-1200x819.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 819
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-800x546.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 546
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-1920x1310.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1310
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-1180x805.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 805
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-1920x1310.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1310
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-768x524.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 524
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-471006602-240x164.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 164
}
},
"publishDate": 1539764867,
"modified": 1539764905,
"caption": "Almonds hang from a branch at an almond orchard on April 24, 2015 in Firebaugh, California. ",
"description": null,
"title": "California's Central Valley Heavily Impacted By Severe Drought",
"credit": "Justin Sullivan/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
}
},
"audioPlayerReducer": {
"postId": "stream_live",
"isPaused": true,
"isPlaying": false,
"pfsActive": false,
"pledgeModalIsOpen": true,
"playerDrawerIsOpen": false,
"liveAudioPlayStartedAt": 0,
"liveAudioPlayContext": ""
},
"authorsReducer": {
"byline_science_1933463": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_science_1933463",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_science_1933463",
"name": "Paul Elias\u003cbr />Associated Press",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_science_1933363": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_science_1933363",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_science_1933363",
"name": "Phuong Le\u003cbr />The Associated Press",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_science_1933223": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_science_1933223",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_science_1933223",
"name": "Ruben Kimmelman, NPR",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_science_1933122": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_science_1933122",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_science_1933122",
"name": "Matt Weiser\u003cbr />Water Deeply",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_science_1933109": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_science_1933109",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_science_1933109",
"name": "Scott Horsley, NPR",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_science_1933028": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_science_1933028",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_science_1933028",
"name": "Daniel Beaulieu\u003cbr />Water Deeply",
"isLoading": false
},
"cmiller": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "221",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "221",
"found": true
},
"name": "Craig Miller",
"firstName": "Craig",
"lastName": "Miller",
"slug": "cmiller",
"email": "craig@voxterra.net",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [
"science"
],
"title": "Editor Emeritus, Science",
"bio": "Craig is a former KQED Science editor, specializing in weather, climate, water & energy issues, with a little seismology thrown in just to shake things up. Prior to that, he launched and led the station's award-winning multimedia project, Climate Watch. Craig is also an accomplished writer/producer of television documentaries, with a focus on natural resource issues.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b91661df645e001a9cafe0861fa685f9?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "voxterra",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"author"
]
},
{
"site": "futureofyou",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "stateofhealth",
"roles": [
"author"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "quest",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Craig Miller | KQED",
"description": "Editor Emeritus, Science",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b91661df645e001a9cafe0861fa685f9?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b91661df645e001a9cafe0861fa685f9?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/cmiller"
},
"laurensommer": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "239",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "239",
"found": true
},
"name": "Lauren Sommer",
"firstName": "Lauren",
"lastName": "Sommer",
"slug": "laurensommer",
"email": "lsommer@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [],
"title": "KQED Contributor",
"bio": "Lauren is a radio reporter formerly covering environment, water, and energy for KQED Science. As part of her day job, she has scaled Sierra Nevada peaks, run from charging elephant seals, and desperately tried to get her sea legs - all in pursuit of good radio. Her work has appeared on Marketplace, Living on Earth, Science Friday and NPR's Morning Edition and All Things Considered. You can find her on Twitter at \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/lesommer\">@lesommer\u003c/a>.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/33aa3772bb86c6ad45b8aca6a238bbdf?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"author"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor",
"manage_content_types",
"manage_taxonomies"
]
},
{
"site": "quest",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Lauren Sommer | KQED",
"description": "KQED Contributor",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/33aa3772bb86c6ad45b8aca6a238bbdf?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/33aa3772bb86c6ad45b8aca6a238bbdf?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/laurensommer"
},
"dventon": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "11088",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "11088",
"found": true
},
"name": "Danielle Venton",
"firstName": "Danielle",
"lastName": "Venton",
"slug": "dventon",
"email": "dventon@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": true,
"staff_mastheads": [
"science"
],
"title": "Science reporter",
"bio": "Danielle Venton is a reporter for KQED Science. She covers wildfires, space and oceans (though she is prone to sea sickness).\r\n\r\nBefore joining KQED in 2015, Danielle was a staff reporter at KRCB in Sonoma County and a freelancer. She studied science communication at UC Santa Cruz and formerly worked at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland where she wrote about computing. She lives in Sonoma County and enjoys backpacking.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ebaf11ee6cfb7bb40329a143d463829e?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "DanielleVenton",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "arts",
"roles": [
"contributor"
]
},
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "futureofyou",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "liveblog",
"roles": [
"contributor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Danielle Venton | KQED",
"description": "Science reporter",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ebaf11ee6cfb7bb40329a143d463829e?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ebaf11ee6cfb7bb40329a143d463829e?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/dventon"
},
"aahmed": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "11428",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "11428",
"found": true
},
"name": "Amel Ahmed",
"firstName": "Amel",
"lastName": "Ahmed",
"slug": "aahmed",
"email": "aahmed@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [],
"title": "KQED Contributor",
"bio": "Amel Ahmed is a reporter for KQED. Prior to joining KQED, Amel worked at Al Jazeera America, Al Jazeera English, Democracy Now! and Punched Productions. She also helped produce \u003cem>Changing Face of Harlem\u003c/em>, a documentary that tracked gentrification in Harlem over a period of ten years. She is a 2013 graduate of Brooklyn Law School and is currently researching war on terror prosecutions for an upcoming book.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c8b48ebc98e770640f3013c470d23f3e?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "amelscript",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "futureofyou",
"roles": []
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": []
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Amel Ahmed | KQED",
"description": "KQED Contributor",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c8b48ebc98e770640f3013c470d23f3e?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c8b48ebc98e770640f3013c470d23f3e?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/aahmed"
}
},
"pagesReducer": {
"science_category_news": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_40",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "40",
"score": 10.810677
},
"featImg": null,
"name": "News",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "News Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 42,
"slug": "news",
"isLoading": false,
"title": "News",
"pageMeta": {
"site": "science",
"WpPageTemplate": "page-topic-editorial",
"currentPage": 153
},
"blocks": [
{
"blockName": "kqed/post-list",
"attrs": {
"layout": "cardArticle2",
"query": "posts/science?category=news",
"seeMore": false,
"paginated": true,
"page": 153
}
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/ad"
}
]
}
},
"pfsSessionReducer": {},
"postsReducer": {
"stream_live": {
"type": "live",
"id": "stream_live",
"audioUrl": "https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio",
"title": "Live Stream",
"excerpt": "Live Stream information currently unavailable.",
"link": "/radio",
"featImg": "",
"label": {
"name": "KQED Live",
"link": "/"
}
},
"stream_kqedNewscast": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "stream_kqedNewscast",
"audioUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1",
"title": "KQED Newscast",
"featImg": "",
"label": {
"name": "88.5 FM",
"link": "/"
}
},
"science_1933612": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1933612",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933612",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1540575865000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1540575865,
"format": "standard",
"title": "California Escalates Battle With Trump EPA Over 'Clean Car' Rules",
"headTitle": "California Escalates Battle With Trump EPA Over ‘Clean Car’ Rules | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown, flanked by his attorney general and air quality chief, issued another demand on Friday that the Trump administration abandon its plan to freeze auto emission standards and revoke California’s right to set its own rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s important to shout it out,” said state Attorney General Xavier Becerra, raising his voice against the backdrop of Interstate 5 in Sacramento, “that this is high-stakes poker.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calling President Donald Trump a “one-man demolition derby,” Brown told reporters that the future is in electric vehicles, a development race the U.S. risks losing if the Trump proposal goes through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This Trump administration attack on innovative technology jeopardizes the health of millions,” shouted Brown, as 18-wheelers roared past, spewing diesel exhaust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials, along with attorneys general from 20 other states, also released their \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/carbs-comments-safe-proposal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">415 pages of comments\u003c/a> on the proposal, which Trump appointees have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927865/trump-epa-ready-to-throw-down-gauntlet-on-calif-auto-emissions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dubbed the SAFE Rule\u003c/a>, for Safer Affordable Fuel-Efficient Vehicles, calling it “riddled with errors and based on faulty assumptions, incorrect modeling, cherry-picked data and a fundamental misunderstanding of consumer behavior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today’s announcement was hardly the first shot fired in this battle. California and 17 other jurisdictions have had a \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/XZ5PCmZEBgFjRABYCQSdj-?domain=cert1.mail-west.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lawsuit pending\u003c/a> against the SAFE proposal since May. The plan would freeze fuel economy standards for cars and light trucks in model years 2021-26, rather than the current schedule that calls for a gradual increase in fleet average economy, nominally to about 50 miles per gallon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re prepared to do everything, including a lawsuit, to make sure we defend the nation’s clean-car standards, not just California’s,” state Attorney General Xavier Becerra told KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrarchive/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Report\u003c/a>. “Just because they’ve decided to ignore facts and science, doesn’t mean we’re going to stand by and let the federal government have its way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials have supposedly been in negotiations with EPA over the plan, but Mary Nichols, who heads California’s Air Resources Board, told reporters that federal officials have not moved at all off their intent to revamp the rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California, which has set its own standards for auto emissions since the 1970s, negotiated a compromise with the Obama administration that created a single national standard, something that automakers much prefer. Most carmakers have backed off of their initial support for the Trump rule, prompting Nichols to call it the rule that “nobody’s asking for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state is counting on the current escalating standard for auto emissions and fuel economy to meet its ambitious goals for cutting greenhouse gas emissions. Cars and trucks are the single largest source of global warming gases in the state, and those emissions have been on the rise of late, despite the tightest restrictions in the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/DxwWC680k4srGMxDHmpcGt?domain=nhtsa.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Draft Environmental Impact Statement\u003c/a> for the proposal, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, which is jointly drafting the rule with EPA, acknowledged that the climate is warming rapidly. The draft \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/jV4yC73Al2SAWy9qUNZk16?domain=apps.washingtonpost.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">projected a rise\u003c/a> of about 7 degrees Fahrenheit in global temperature by 2100, but justified relaxing emissions rules by claiming it would make little difference in the pace of warming.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 553,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 13
},
"modified": 1704927355,
"excerpt": "California officials decry the Trump auto emissions plan once again, calling it \"riddled with errors and based on faulty assumptions...and a fundamental misunderstanding of consumer behavior.\"",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "California officials decry the Trump auto emissions plan once again, calling it "riddled with errors and based on faulty assumptions...and a fundamental misunderstanding of consumer behavior."",
"title": "California Escalates Battle With Trump EPA Over 'Clean Car' Rules | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "California Escalates Battle With Trump EPA Over 'Clean Car' Rules",
"datePublished": "2018-10-26T10:44:25-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:55:55-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "california-escalates-battle-with-trump-epa-over-clean-car-rules",
"status": "publish",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Climate",
"path": "/science/1933612/california-escalates-battle-with-trump-epa-over-clean-car-rules",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown, flanked by his attorney general and air quality chief, issued another demand on Friday that the Trump administration abandon its plan to freeze auto emission standards and revoke California’s right to set its own rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s important to shout it out,” said state Attorney General Xavier Becerra, raising his voice against the backdrop of Interstate 5 in Sacramento, “that this is high-stakes poker.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calling President Donald Trump a “one-man demolition derby,” Brown told reporters that the future is in electric vehicles, a development race the U.S. risks losing if the Trump proposal goes through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This Trump administration attack on innovative technology jeopardizes the health of millions,” shouted Brown, as 18-wheelers roared past, spewing diesel exhaust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials, along with attorneys general from 20 other states, also released their \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/carbs-comments-safe-proposal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">415 pages of comments\u003c/a> on the proposal, which Trump appointees have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927865/trump-epa-ready-to-throw-down-gauntlet-on-calif-auto-emissions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dubbed the SAFE Rule\u003c/a>, for Safer Affordable Fuel-Efficient Vehicles, calling it “riddled with errors and based on faulty assumptions, incorrect modeling, cherry-picked data and a fundamental misunderstanding of consumer behavior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today’s announcement was hardly the first shot fired in this battle. California and 17 other jurisdictions have had a \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/XZ5PCmZEBgFjRABYCQSdj-?domain=cert1.mail-west.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lawsuit pending\u003c/a> against the SAFE proposal since May. The plan would freeze fuel economy standards for cars and light trucks in model years 2021-26, rather than the current schedule that calls for a gradual increase in fleet average economy, nominally to about 50 miles per gallon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re prepared to do everything, including a lawsuit, to make sure we defend the nation’s clean-car standards, not just California’s,” state Attorney General Xavier Becerra told KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrarchive/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Report\u003c/a>. “Just because they’ve decided to ignore facts and science, doesn’t mean we’re going to stand by and let the federal government have its way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials have supposedly been in negotiations with EPA over the plan, but Mary Nichols, who heads California’s Air Resources Board, told reporters that federal officials have not moved at all off their intent to revamp the rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California, which has set its own standards for auto emissions since the 1970s, negotiated a compromise with the Obama administration that created a single national standard, something that automakers much prefer. Most carmakers have backed off of their initial support for the Trump rule, prompting Nichols to call it the rule that “nobody’s asking for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state is counting on the current escalating standard for auto emissions and fuel economy to meet its ambitious goals for cutting greenhouse gas emissions. Cars and trucks are the single largest source of global warming gases in the state, and those emissions have been on the rise of late, despite the tightest restrictions in the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/DxwWC680k4srGMxDHmpcGt?domain=nhtsa.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Draft Environmental Impact Statement\u003c/a> for the proposal, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, which is jointly drafting the rule with EPA, acknowledged that the climate is warming rapidly. The draft \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/jV4yC73Al2SAWy9qUNZk16?domain=apps.washingtonpost.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">projected a rise\u003c/a> of about 7 degrees Fahrenheit in global temperature by 2100, but justified relaxing emissions rules by claiming it would make little difference in the pace of warming.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1933612/california-escalates-battle-with-trump-epa-over-clean-car-rules",
"authors": [
"221"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_35",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_3514"
],
"featImg": "science_1933622",
"label": "source_science_1933612"
},
"science_1933231": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1933231",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933231",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1540421599000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1540421599,
"format": "standard",
"title": "Your Guide to the 2018 Bay Area Science Festival",
"headTitle": "Your Guide to the 2018 Bay Area Science Festival | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Curious minds of all ages can rejoice: The \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/\">Bay Area Science Festival\u003c/a> is upon us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organized by UCSF, in collaboration with dozens of science and cultural institutions, the festival is brimming with hands-on programs and workshops designed for people of all ages. Whether it’s an intimate lecture at an Emeryville coffee shop, a haunted spook-shop in San Francisco, or a workshop that allows you to turn cells into cancer-killing superheroes, the nine-day affair promises something for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED Science is kicking off the event, which runs from Oct. 26 to Nov. 3, with a special screening of its award-winning science series Deep Look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here is a brief list of some of this year’s offerings. For more information, \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/schedule/\">check out the festival’s schedule. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933312\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 351px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1933312\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1-1020x681.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"351\" height=\"235\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1-768x513.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1-960x641.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1.jpg 1030w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 351px) 100vw, 351px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Participants at the BASF. (Image courtesy of BASF) \u003ccite>(bayareasciencefestival.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fri., Oct. 26\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED \u003cem>Deep Look\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n7 p.m. – 9 p.m. Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/bluxome-center/\">Bluxome Center\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring a special screening of KQED’s award-winning science series, \u003cem>Deep Look\u003c/em>. Meet the producers and hear how they captured the stunning imagery for some of \u003cem>Deep Look‘s\u003c/em> creepy creature videos, including flesh-eating beetles, ticks, whispering bats and more. Plus, you’ll meet some of the researchers behind the videos and enjoy hands-on activities that might reveal your fear factor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grounds for Science\u003cbr>\n6:30 p.m. – 8 p.m. Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/scarlet-city-espresso-bar/\">Scarlet City Espresso Bar\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enjoy cutting-edge science talks featuring UC Berkeley graduate students, science trivia, locally roasted coffee, pinball and more. Join Micah Brush (physics) and Wren Suess (astronomy) to learn more about the cosmic secrets of dark matter and galaxy formation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933301\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 353px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1933301\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ccdd-425x321.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"353\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ccdd-425x321.jpg 425w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ccdd-425x321-160x121.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ccdd-425x321-240x181.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ccdd-425x321-375x283.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 353px) 100vw, 353px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Playing with robots at BASF. (Image courtesy: BASF) \u003ccite>(bayareasciencefestival.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sat., Oct.27\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa Discovery Day\u003cbr>\n10 a.m.- 2 p.m. Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/csu-east-bay-concord-campus/\">CSU East Bay Concord Campus\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring more than 25 interactive exhibits showcasing science, technology and engineering from local businesses, museums and universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North Bay Science Discovery Day\u003cbr>\n10 a.m. – 4 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/sonoma-county-fairgrounds/\">Sonoma County Fairgrounds\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring family-friendly interactive workshops designed to get kids excited about STEM – Science, Technology, Engineering and Math. Participate in fun activities like formula racing engineering, where you can race your own gravity-powered model. Or discover what it’s like to be a heart surgeon using the newest technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Expand Her Potential in Science\u003cbr>\n11 a.m. – 12:30 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/2040-valley-life-sciences-building/\">2040 Valley Life Sciences Building (UC Berkeley)\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fields of Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) have been around for generations and will continue to shape our world in the years to come. This program explores how adults can give young girls the tools they need to succeed in a STEM career. In this discussion with women STEM professionals, the program will explore popular media perception of STEM, the parent or guardian’s role in empowering their child to pursue a STEM career, and inspiring STEM resources for girls and their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Happy Creepy Halloween\u003cbr>\n11 a.m. – 3 p.m., Free with museum admission\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/lawrence-hall-of-science-2/\">Lawrence Hall of Science\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring special Halloween-themed activities in the Ingenuity Lab and Animal Discovery Room. Pumpkins will fly during this annual outdoor event. In the Ingenuity Lab, use the basics of engineering to design your own hydraulic lifts. Then, grab some pumpkins and test the strength of your hydraulic creation in this Halloween-themed activity for all ages. The event will also feature a collection of animal skeletons and brains along with the science behind their unique characteristics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sun., Oct.28\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933305\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 845px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1933305\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/Integem_BASF-845x321.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"845\" height=\"321\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/Integem_BASF-845x321.jpg 845w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/Integem_BASF-845x321-160x61.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/Integem_BASF-845x321-800x304.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/Integem_BASF-845x321-768x292.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/Integem_BASF-845x321-240x91.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/Integem_BASF-845x321-375x142.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/Integem_BASF-845x321-520x198.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 845px) 100vw, 845px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Imagine yourself on different planets at BASF. \u003ccite>(bayareasciencefestival.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Interact with your imagination: Learn, Experience Holographic AR\u003cbr>\n1 p.m. – 2:30 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/los-altos-library/\">Los Altos Library\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Learn how to create your own holographic augmented reality experiences in this introductory workshop hosted by Integem Inc. Come create your own fantasy world with Holographic Augmented Reality (HAR). This event is suitable for K-12 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mon., Oct. 29\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933310\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 845px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1933310 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SciCommStudio012-845x321.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"845\" height=\"321\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SciCommStudio012-845x321.jpg 845w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SciCommStudio012-845x321-160x61.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SciCommStudio012-845x321-800x304.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SciCommStudio012-845x321-768x292.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SciCommStudio012-845x321-240x91.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SciCommStudio012-845x321-375x142.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SciCommStudio012-845x321-520x198.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 845px) 100vw, 845px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Image courtesy of BASF) \u003ccite>(bayareasciencefestival.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>SciComm Studio 012: Beneath the Sea\u003cbr>\n6 p.m. – 9 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/swissnex-san-francisco/\">swissnex San Francisco\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How can artists, scientists, and designers collaborate to create new methods of public engagement around marine conservation? swissnex San Francisco will host a conversation with Marie Griesmar, artist, diver, and science communicator. Marie will provide insights into her artistic process and her strategies for increasing awareness around coral reefs and environmental change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Habitarium and CA Trail Tour\u003cbr>\n2:45 p.m. – 4 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\nOakland Zoo\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enjoy a special guided tour of the newly opened Habitarium and CA Trail exhibits. Guests will learn all about the new resident animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tue., Oct. 30\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933306\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 845px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1933306 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/farmersmarket-845x321.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"845\" height=\"321\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/farmersmarket-845x321.jpg 845w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/farmersmarket-845x321-160x61.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/farmersmarket-845x321-800x304.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/farmersmarket-845x321-768x292.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/farmersmarket-845x321-240x91.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/farmersmarket-845x321-375x142.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/farmersmarket-845x321-520x198.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 845px) 100vw, 845px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Image courtesy of BASF) \u003ccite>(bayareasciencefestival.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hands-on Science at the Farmers Market\u003cbr>\n2 p.m. – 6 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/south-berkeley-farmers-market-2/\">South Berkeley Farmers’ Market\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Explore what you eat and learn about the biology, chemistry, physics and even math of your food. Get hands-on and join Cal scientists for some fun, food-related (and spooky!) investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turning Cells into Superheroes\u003cbr>\n6 p.m. – 7 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/ucsf-mission-bay-campus-genentech-hall/\">UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Genentech Hall\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Learn how UCSF scientists are turning cells into superheroes by engineering immune cells to kill cancer. Scientists will lead you through an interactive experience to design, build, and test a personalized cell therapy to treat a hypothetical cancer patient who has failed conventional treatment. Participants will also engineer immune T cells with the therapy they designed and use microscopy to test their ability to specifically kill cancer cells without harming healthy cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wed., Oct. 31\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933307\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 845px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1933307 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/MissionScience-845x321.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"845\" height=\"321\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/MissionScience-845x321.jpg 845w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/MissionScience-845x321-160x61.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/MissionScience-845x321-800x304.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/MissionScience-845x321-768x292.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/MissionScience-845x321-240x91.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/MissionScience-845x321-375x142.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/MissionScience-845x321-520x198.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 845px) 100vw, 845px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Image courtesy BASF.) \u003ccite>(bayareasciencefestival.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mission Science SPOOK-shop!\u003cbr>\n5:30 p.m. – 8 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/mission-science-workshop-2/\">Mission Science Workshop\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring exhibits that come to life and take over the workshop for one haunted evening! Come if you dare and explore the spooky side of science. Walk inside the belly of a (real!) whale, dissect an eyeball, meet the Mission’s friendliest python, dance with real animal calaveras and skeletons, and light up your costume with LEDs or get it moving with a motor at our tinkering table of terror. All ages are welcome!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"tribe-events-single-event-title summary entry-title\">\u003cstrong>Thurs., Nov. 1\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933308\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 845px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1933308 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/BrainsonVideoGames-1-845x321.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"845\" height=\"321\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/BrainsonVideoGames-1-845x321.png 845w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/BrainsonVideoGames-1-845x321-160x61.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/BrainsonVideoGames-1-845x321-800x304.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/BrainsonVideoGames-1-845x321-768x292.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/BrainsonVideoGames-1-845x321-240x91.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/BrainsonVideoGames-1-845x321-375x142.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/BrainsonVideoGames-1-845x321-520x198.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 845px) 100vw, 845px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Image courtesy of BASF) \u003ccite>(bayareasciencefestival.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Brains on Video Games\u003cbr>\n4 p.m. – 5 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/neuroscape-ucsf/\">Neuroscape UCSF\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Showcasing a cutting-edge approach to improving brain function by building a bridge between neuroscience and fun technologies. Discover how video games are being developed to support treatment of brain disorders such as ADHD, autism, depression, and Alzheimer’s disease. Neuroscape Research Labs are state-of-the-art programs designed to study novel, therapeutic approaches, with the primary goal of driving the rapid translation of neuroscience to real-world solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"tribe-events-single-event-title summary entry-title\">Stephen Hawking: A Celebration of His Life and Work\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-date-start\">6 p.m.-7\u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-time\">:30 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/san-francisco-public-library-koret-auditorium/\">San Francisco Public Library, Koret Auditorium\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"tribe-events-single-event-description tribe-events-content entry-content description\">\n\u003cp>Scientists and science enthusiasts are mourning the passing of Stephen Hawking, one of the great minds and spirits of our time. In this introductory, nontechnical talk, Andrew Fraknoi will briefly summarize Hawking’s life, and talk about the importance of his scientific work. No background in science or math will be required, but be prepared to have your mind boggled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"tribe-events-single-event-title summary entry-title\">Astronomy Night @ UC Berkeley\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-date-start\">7 p.m.\u003c/span>– \u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-time\">9:30 p.m., \u003c/span>Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/uc-berkeley-campbell-hall/\">UC Berkeley, Campbell Hall\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Come enjoy the final Astronomy Night of 2018! Featuring an astronomy talk and stargazing on the roof of Campbell Hall with a fleet of telescopes. Learn all about the search for extraterrestrial life, and how you can help search for ET too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933309\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 356px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1933309\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/themostunknown-426x321.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"356\" height=\"268\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/themostunknown-426x321.jpg 426w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/themostunknown-426x321-160x121.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/themostunknown-426x321-240x181.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/themostunknown-426x321-375x283.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 356px) 100vw, 356px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Image courtesy of BASF) \u003ccite>(bayareasciencefestival.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp class=\"tribe-events-single-event-title summary entry-title\">\u003cstrong>Fri., Nov. 2\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe Most Unknown\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-date-start\">7 p.m. \u003c/span>–\u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-time\">9 p.m., \u003c/span>Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/bluxome-center/\">Bluxome Center\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Most Unknown” is an epic documentary film that sends nine scientists to extraordinary parts of the world to uncover unexpected answers to some of humanity’s biggest questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"tribe-events-single-event-title summary entry-title\">\u003cstrong>Sat., Nov. 3\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Discovery Day at AT&T Park\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-date-start\">11 p.m.-\u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-time\">4:30 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/att-park/\">AT&T Park\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"tribe-events-single-event-description tribe-events-content entry-content description\">\n\u003cp>Come experience tons of dynamic demonstrations, engaging experiments, and geeky games led by Bay Area scientists and engineers. The entire ballpark will be packed with science content.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"tribe-events-single-event-title summary entry-title\">Possible Self STEM Expo\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-date-start\">8:30 p.m. \u003c/span>– \u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-time\">3:30 p.m., \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"tribe-events-cost\">Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/foothill-college-sunnyvale-campue/\">Foothill College – Sunnyvale Campue\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring a daylong program, middle-school aged students will take part in multiple Science-, Technology-, Engineering-, and Math- oriented sessions. Students will sign up for activities at the beginning of the day. There will also be an event connecting students with mentoring programs in the Bay Area. This will allow students to follow up with their STEM experiences throughout the year. This opportunity is open to all students. Youth from underrepresented backgrounds in STEM are especially encouraged to attend!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1489,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 44
},
"modified": 1704927357,
"excerpt": "This year's roster is jam-packed with engaging talks, workshops, and exhibits for all ages.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "This year's roster is jam-packed with engaging talks, workshops, and exhibits for all ages.",
"title": "Your Guide to the 2018 Bay Area Science Festival | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Your Guide to the 2018 Bay Area Science Festival",
"datePublished": "2018-10-24T15:53:19-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:55:57-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "your-2018-guide-to-the-bay-area-science-festival",
"status": "publish",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Events",
"path": "/science/1933231/your-2018-guide-to-the-bay-area-science-festival",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Curious minds of all ages can rejoice: The \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/\">Bay Area Science Festival\u003c/a> is upon us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organized by UCSF, in collaboration with dozens of science and cultural institutions, the festival is brimming with hands-on programs and workshops designed for people of all ages. Whether it’s an intimate lecture at an Emeryville coffee shop, a haunted spook-shop in San Francisco, or a workshop that allows you to turn cells into cancer-killing superheroes, the nine-day affair promises something for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED Science is kicking off the event, which runs from Oct. 26 to Nov. 3, with a special screening of its award-winning science series Deep Look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here is a brief list of some of this year’s offerings. For more information, \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/schedule/\">check out the festival’s schedule. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933312\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 351px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1933312\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1-1020x681.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"351\" height=\"235\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1-768x513.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1-960x641.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/hires_11.05.16_BASF_G9_58_53-1030x688-1.jpg 1030w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 351px) 100vw, 351px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Participants at the BASF. (Image courtesy of BASF) \u003ccite>(bayareasciencefestival.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fri., Oct. 26\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED \u003cem>Deep Look\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n7 p.m. – 9 p.m. Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/bluxome-center/\">Bluxome Center\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring a special screening of KQED’s award-winning science series, \u003cem>Deep Look\u003c/em>. Meet the producers and hear how they captured the stunning imagery for some of \u003cem>Deep Look‘s\u003c/em> creepy creature videos, including flesh-eating beetles, ticks, whispering bats and more. Plus, you’ll meet some of the researchers behind the videos and enjoy hands-on activities that might reveal your fear factor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grounds for Science\u003cbr>\n6:30 p.m. – 8 p.m. Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/scarlet-city-espresso-bar/\">Scarlet City Espresso Bar\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enjoy cutting-edge science talks featuring UC Berkeley graduate students, science trivia, locally roasted coffee, pinball and more. Join Micah Brush (physics) and Wren Suess (astronomy) to learn more about the cosmic secrets of dark matter and galaxy formation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933301\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 353px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1933301\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ccdd-425x321.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"353\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ccdd-425x321.jpg 425w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ccdd-425x321-160x121.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ccdd-425x321-240x181.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/ccdd-425x321-375x283.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 353px) 100vw, 353px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Playing with robots at BASF. (Image courtesy: BASF) \u003ccite>(bayareasciencefestival.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sat., Oct.27\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa Discovery Day\u003cbr>\n10 a.m.- 2 p.m. Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/csu-east-bay-concord-campus/\">CSU East Bay Concord Campus\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring more than 25 interactive exhibits showcasing science, technology and engineering from local businesses, museums and universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North Bay Science Discovery Day\u003cbr>\n10 a.m. – 4 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/sonoma-county-fairgrounds/\">Sonoma County Fairgrounds\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring family-friendly interactive workshops designed to get kids excited about STEM – Science, Technology, Engineering and Math. Participate in fun activities like formula racing engineering, where you can race your own gravity-powered model. Or discover what it’s like to be a heart surgeon using the newest technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Expand Her Potential in Science\u003cbr>\n11 a.m. – 12:30 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/2040-valley-life-sciences-building/\">2040 Valley Life Sciences Building (UC Berkeley)\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fields of Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) have been around for generations and will continue to shape our world in the years to come. This program explores how adults can give young girls the tools they need to succeed in a STEM career. In this discussion with women STEM professionals, the program will explore popular media perception of STEM, the parent or guardian’s role in empowering their child to pursue a STEM career, and inspiring STEM resources for girls and their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Happy Creepy Halloween\u003cbr>\n11 a.m. – 3 p.m., Free with museum admission\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/lawrence-hall-of-science-2/\">Lawrence Hall of Science\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring special Halloween-themed activities in the Ingenuity Lab and Animal Discovery Room. Pumpkins will fly during this annual outdoor event. In the Ingenuity Lab, use the basics of engineering to design your own hydraulic lifts. Then, grab some pumpkins and test the strength of your hydraulic creation in this Halloween-themed activity for all ages. The event will also feature a collection of animal skeletons and brains along with the science behind their unique characteristics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sun., Oct.28\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933305\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 845px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1933305\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/Integem_BASF-845x321.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"845\" height=\"321\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/Integem_BASF-845x321.jpg 845w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/Integem_BASF-845x321-160x61.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/Integem_BASF-845x321-800x304.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/Integem_BASF-845x321-768x292.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/Integem_BASF-845x321-240x91.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/Integem_BASF-845x321-375x142.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/Integem_BASF-845x321-520x198.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 845px) 100vw, 845px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Imagine yourself on different planets at BASF. \u003ccite>(bayareasciencefestival.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Interact with your imagination: Learn, Experience Holographic AR\u003cbr>\n1 p.m. – 2:30 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/los-altos-library/\">Los Altos Library\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Learn how to create your own holographic augmented reality experiences in this introductory workshop hosted by Integem Inc. Come create your own fantasy world with Holographic Augmented Reality (HAR). This event is suitable for K-12 students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mon., Oct. 29\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933310\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 845px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1933310 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SciCommStudio012-845x321.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"845\" height=\"321\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SciCommStudio012-845x321.jpg 845w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SciCommStudio012-845x321-160x61.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SciCommStudio012-845x321-800x304.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SciCommStudio012-845x321-768x292.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SciCommStudio012-845x321-240x91.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SciCommStudio012-845x321-375x142.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SciCommStudio012-845x321-520x198.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 845px) 100vw, 845px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Image courtesy of BASF) \u003ccite>(bayareasciencefestival.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>SciComm Studio 012: Beneath the Sea\u003cbr>\n6 p.m. – 9 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/swissnex-san-francisco/\">swissnex San Francisco\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How can artists, scientists, and designers collaborate to create new methods of public engagement around marine conservation? swissnex San Francisco will host a conversation with Marie Griesmar, artist, diver, and science communicator. Marie will provide insights into her artistic process and her strategies for increasing awareness around coral reefs and environmental change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Habitarium and CA Trail Tour\u003cbr>\n2:45 p.m. – 4 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\nOakland Zoo\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enjoy a special guided tour of the newly opened Habitarium and CA Trail exhibits. Guests will learn all about the new resident animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tue., Oct. 30\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933306\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 845px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1933306 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/farmersmarket-845x321.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"845\" height=\"321\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/farmersmarket-845x321.jpg 845w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/farmersmarket-845x321-160x61.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/farmersmarket-845x321-800x304.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/farmersmarket-845x321-768x292.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/farmersmarket-845x321-240x91.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/farmersmarket-845x321-375x142.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/farmersmarket-845x321-520x198.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 845px) 100vw, 845px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Image courtesy of BASF) \u003ccite>(bayareasciencefestival.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hands-on Science at the Farmers Market\u003cbr>\n2 p.m. – 6 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/south-berkeley-farmers-market-2/\">South Berkeley Farmers’ Market\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Explore what you eat and learn about the biology, chemistry, physics and even math of your food. Get hands-on and join Cal scientists for some fun, food-related (and spooky!) investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turning Cells into Superheroes\u003cbr>\n6 p.m. – 7 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/ucsf-mission-bay-campus-genentech-hall/\">UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Genentech Hall\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Learn how UCSF scientists are turning cells into superheroes by engineering immune cells to kill cancer. Scientists will lead you through an interactive experience to design, build, and test a personalized cell therapy to treat a hypothetical cancer patient who has failed conventional treatment. Participants will also engineer immune T cells with the therapy they designed and use microscopy to test their ability to specifically kill cancer cells without harming healthy cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wed., Oct. 31\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933307\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 845px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1933307 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/MissionScience-845x321.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"845\" height=\"321\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/MissionScience-845x321.jpg 845w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/MissionScience-845x321-160x61.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/MissionScience-845x321-800x304.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/MissionScience-845x321-768x292.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/MissionScience-845x321-240x91.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/MissionScience-845x321-375x142.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/MissionScience-845x321-520x198.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 845px) 100vw, 845px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Image courtesy BASF.) \u003ccite>(bayareasciencefestival.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mission Science SPOOK-shop!\u003cbr>\n5:30 p.m. – 8 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/mission-science-workshop-2/\">Mission Science Workshop\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring exhibits that come to life and take over the workshop for one haunted evening! Come if you dare and explore the spooky side of science. Walk inside the belly of a (real!) whale, dissect an eyeball, meet the Mission’s friendliest python, dance with real animal calaveras and skeletons, and light up your costume with LEDs or get it moving with a motor at our tinkering table of terror. All ages are welcome!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"tribe-events-single-event-title summary entry-title\">\u003cstrong>Thurs., Nov. 1\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933308\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 845px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1933308 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/BrainsonVideoGames-1-845x321.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"845\" height=\"321\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/BrainsonVideoGames-1-845x321.png 845w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/BrainsonVideoGames-1-845x321-160x61.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/BrainsonVideoGames-1-845x321-800x304.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/BrainsonVideoGames-1-845x321-768x292.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/BrainsonVideoGames-1-845x321-240x91.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/BrainsonVideoGames-1-845x321-375x142.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/BrainsonVideoGames-1-845x321-520x198.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 845px) 100vw, 845px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Image courtesy of BASF) \u003ccite>(bayareasciencefestival.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Brains on Video Games\u003cbr>\n4 p.m. – 5 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/neuroscape-ucsf/\">Neuroscape UCSF\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Showcasing a cutting-edge approach to improving brain function by building a bridge between neuroscience and fun technologies. Discover how video games are being developed to support treatment of brain disorders such as ADHD, autism, depression, and Alzheimer’s disease. Neuroscape Research Labs are state-of-the-art programs designed to study novel, therapeutic approaches, with the primary goal of driving the rapid translation of neuroscience to real-world solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"tribe-events-single-event-title summary entry-title\">Stephen Hawking: A Celebration of His Life and Work\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-date-start\">6 p.m.-7\u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-time\">:30 p.m., Free\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/san-francisco-public-library-koret-auditorium/\">San Francisco Public Library, Koret Auditorium\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"tribe-events-single-event-description tribe-events-content entry-content description\">\n\u003cp>Scientists and science enthusiasts are mourning the passing of Stephen Hawking, one of the great minds and spirits of our time. In this introductory, nontechnical talk, Andrew Fraknoi will briefly summarize Hawking’s life, and talk about the importance of his scientific work. No background in science or math will be required, but be prepared to have your mind boggled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"tribe-events-single-event-title summary entry-title\">Astronomy Night @ UC Berkeley\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-date-start\">7 p.m.\u003c/span>– \u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-time\">9:30 p.m., \u003c/span>Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/uc-berkeley-campbell-hall/\">UC Berkeley, Campbell Hall\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Come enjoy the final Astronomy Night of 2018! Featuring an astronomy talk and stargazing on the roof of Campbell Hall with a fleet of telescopes. Learn all about the search for extraterrestrial life, and how you can help search for ET too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933309\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 356px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1933309\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/themostunknown-426x321.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"356\" height=\"268\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/themostunknown-426x321.jpg 426w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/themostunknown-426x321-160x121.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/themostunknown-426x321-240x181.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/themostunknown-426x321-375x283.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 356px) 100vw, 356px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Image courtesy of BASF) \u003ccite>(bayareasciencefestival.org)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp class=\"tribe-events-single-event-title summary entry-title\">\u003cstrong>Fri., Nov. 2\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe Most Unknown\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-date-start\">7 p.m. \u003c/span>–\u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-time\">9 p.m., \u003c/span>Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/bluxome-center/\">Bluxome Center\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Most Unknown” is an epic documentary film that sends nine scientists to extraordinary parts of the world to uncover unexpected answers to some of humanity’s biggest questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"tribe-events-single-event-title summary entry-title\">\u003cstrong>Sat., Nov. 3\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Discovery Day at AT&T Park\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-date-start\">11 p.m.-\u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-time\">4:30 p.m.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/att-park/\">AT&T Park\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"tribe-events-single-event-description tribe-events-content entry-content description\">\n\u003cp>Come experience tons of dynamic demonstrations, engaging experiments, and geeky games led by Bay Area scientists and engineers. The entire ballpark will be packed with science content.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"tribe-events-single-event-title summary entry-title\">Possible Self STEM Expo\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-date-start\">8:30 p.m. \u003c/span>– \u003cspan class=\"tribe-event-time\">3:30 p.m., \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"tribe-events-cost\">Free\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareasciencefestival.org/venue/foothill-college-sunnyvale-campue/\">Foothill College – Sunnyvale Campue\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Featuring a daylong program, middle-school aged students will take part in multiple Science-, Technology-, Engineering-, and Math- oriented sessions. Students will sign up for activities at the beginning of the day. There will also be an event connecting students with mentoring programs in the Bay Area. This will allow students to follow up with their STEM experiences throughout the year. This opportunity is open to all students. Youth from underrepresented backgrounds in STEM are especially encouraged to attend!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1933231/your-2018-guide-to-the-bay-area-science-festival",
"authors": [
"11428"
],
"categories": [
"science_28",
"science_30",
"science_29",
"science_31",
"science_32",
"science_89",
"science_35",
"science_37",
"science_3424",
"science_40",
"science_2873"
],
"tags": [
"science_1073",
"science_855",
"science_3370",
"science_672",
"science_309"
],
"featImg": "science_1933297",
"label": "source_science_1933231"
},
"science_1933463": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1933463",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933463",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1540254268000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "science"
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1540254268,
"format": "standard",
"title": "Judge Upholds Monsanto Verdict, Reduces Damages to $78 Million",
"headTitle": "Judge Upholds Monsanto Verdict, Reduces Damages to $78 Million | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>A Northern California judge on Monday upheld a jury’s verdict that found Monsanto’s weed killer caused a groundskeeper’s cancer, but she slashed the amount of money to be paid from $289 million to $78 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003ca href=\"https://usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Johnson-vs.-Monsanto-10.22.18-Order-re-JNOV-and-New-Trial.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read the judge’s order\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In denying Monsanto’s request for a new trial, San Francisco Superior Court Judge Suzanne Bolanos cut the jury’s punitive damage award from $250 million to $39 million. The judge had earlier said she had strong doubts about the jury’s entire punitive damage award.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bolanos gave DeWayne Johnson until Dec. 7 to accept the reduced amount or demand a new trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson’s spokeswoman Diana McKinley said he and his lawyers are reviewing the decision and haven’t decided the next step. “Although we believe a reduction in punitive damages was unwarranted and we are weighing the options, we are pleased the court did not disturb the verdict,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto spokeswoman Christi Dixon didn’t return phone and email inquiries placed late Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The jury awarded punitive damages after it found that the St. Louis-based agribusiness had purposely ignored warnings and evidence that its popular Roundup product causes cancer, including Johnson’s lymphoma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Punitive damages are designed to punish companies that juries determine have purposely misbehaved and to deter others from operating similarly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a tentative ruling on Oct. 11, Bolanos said it appeared the jurors overreached with their punitive damages award. She said then that she was considering wiping out the $250 million judgment after finding no compelling evidence presented at trial that Monsanto employees ignored evidence that the weed killer caused cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge reversed course Monday and said she was compelled to honor the jurors’ conclusions after they listened to expert witnesses for both sides debate the merits of Johnson’s claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge said jurors are entitled to accept the conclusion of Johnson’s expert witness who said Roundup caused his cancer and reject the conclusions of Monsanto’s expert witnesses, who concluded there’s no proof the weed killer causes cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Thus, the jury could conclude that Monsanto acted with malice by consciously disregarding a probable safety risk,” Bolanos wrote in her ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some jurors were so upset by the prospect of having their verdict thrown out that they wrote to Bolanos, the San Francisco Chronicle reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I urge you to respect and honor our verdict and the six weeks of our lives that we dedicated to this trial,” juror Gary Kitahata wrote. Juror Robert Howard said the jury paid “studious attention” to the evidence and any decision to overturn its verdict would shake his confidence in the judicial system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge did slash the $250 million punitive damage to $39 million, the same amount the jury awarded Johnson for other damages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson’s lawsuit is among hundreds alleging Roundup caused cancer, but it was the first one to go to trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson sprayed Roundup and a similar product, Ranger Pro, at his job as a pest control manager at a San Francisco Bay Area school district, according to his attorneys. He was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in 2014 at age 42.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many government regulators have rejected a link between the weed killer’s active chemical — glyphosate — and cancer. Monsanto has vehemently denied such a connection, saying hundreds of studies have established that glyphosate is safe.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 591,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 19
},
"modified": 1704927362,
"excerpt": "A Northern California judge has upheld a jury's verdict finding Monsanto's weed killer caused a groundskeeper's cancer, but she slashed his $287 million award to $78 million.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "A Northern California judge has upheld a jury's verdict finding Monsanto's weed killer caused a groundskeeper's cancer, but she slashed his $287 million award to $78 million.",
"title": "Judge Upholds Monsanto Verdict, Reduces Damages to $78 Million | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Judge Upholds Monsanto Verdict, Reduces Damages to $78 Million",
"datePublished": "2018-10-22T17:24:28-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:56:02-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "monsanto-judge-upholds-verdict-but-cuts-damages-to-groundskeeper",
"status": "publish",
"nprByline": "Paul Elias\u003cbr />Associated Press",
"sticky": false,
"path": "/science/1933463/monsanto-judge-upholds-verdict-but-cuts-damages-to-groundskeeper",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A Northern California judge on Monday upheld a jury’s verdict that found Monsanto’s weed killer caused a groundskeeper’s cancer, but she slashed the amount of money to be paid from $289 million to $78 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003ca href=\"https://usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Johnson-vs.-Monsanto-10.22.18-Order-re-JNOV-and-New-Trial.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read the judge’s order\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In denying Monsanto’s request for a new trial, San Francisco Superior Court Judge Suzanne Bolanos cut the jury’s punitive damage award from $250 million to $39 million. The judge had earlier said she had strong doubts about the jury’s entire punitive damage award.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bolanos gave DeWayne Johnson until Dec. 7 to accept the reduced amount or demand a new trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson’s spokeswoman Diana McKinley said he and his lawyers are reviewing the decision and haven’t decided the next step. “Although we believe a reduction in punitive damages was unwarranted and we are weighing the options, we are pleased the court did not disturb the verdict,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto spokeswoman Christi Dixon didn’t return phone and email inquiries placed late Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The jury awarded punitive damages after it found that the St. Louis-based agribusiness had purposely ignored warnings and evidence that its popular Roundup product causes cancer, including Johnson’s lymphoma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Punitive damages are designed to punish companies that juries determine have purposely misbehaved and to deter others from operating similarly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a tentative ruling on Oct. 11, Bolanos said it appeared the jurors overreached with their punitive damages award. She said then that she was considering wiping out the $250 million judgment after finding no compelling evidence presented at trial that Monsanto employees ignored evidence that the weed killer caused cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge reversed course Monday and said she was compelled to honor the jurors’ conclusions after they listened to expert witnesses for both sides debate the merits of Johnson’s claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge said jurors are entitled to accept the conclusion of Johnson’s expert witness who said Roundup caused his cancer and reject the conclusions of Monsanto’s expert witnesses, who concluded there’s no proof the weed killer causes cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Thus, the jury could conclude that Monsanto acted with malice by consciously disregarding a probable safety risk,” Bolanos wrote in her ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some jurors were so upset by the prospect of having their verdict thrown out that they wrote to Bolanos, the San Francisco Chronicle reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I urge you to respect and honor our verdict and the six weeks of our lives that we dedicated to this trial,” juror Gary Kitahata wrote. Juror Robert Howard said the jury paid “studious attention” to the evidence and any decision to overturn its verdict would shake his confidence in the judicial system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge did slash the $250 million punitive damage to $39 million, the same amount the jury awarded Johnson for other damages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson’s lawsuit is among hundreds alleging Roundup caused cancer, but it was the first one to go to trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson sprayed Roundup and a similar product, Ranger Pro, at his job as a pest control manager at a San Francisco Bay Area school district, according to his attorneys. He was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in 2014 at age 42.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many government regulators have rejected a link between the weed killer’s active chemical — glyphosate — and cancer. Monsanto has vehemently denied such a connection, saying hundreds of studies have established that glyphosate is safe.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1933463/monsanto-judge-upholds-verdict-but-cuts-damages-to-groundskeeper",
"authors": [
"byline_science_1933463"
],
"categories": [
"science_35",
"science_39",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_5198"
],
"featImg": "science_1927153",
"label": "science"
},
"science_1933282": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1933282",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933282",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1540213301000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "spring-forward-fall-back-or-neither-why-changing-our-clocks-might-fade-into-history",
"title": "Spring Forward, Fall Back, or Neither: Why Changing Our Clocks Might Fade Into History",
"publishDate": 1540213301,
"format": "audio",
"headTitle": "Spring Forward, Fall Back, or Neither: Why Changing Our Clocks Might Fade Into History | KQED",
"labelTerm": {},
"content": "\u003cp>On November 6, Californians will weigh in on whether they want to continue changing their clocks twice a year. Proposition 7 on the statewide ballot would lay the groundwork for year-round Daylight Saving Time in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lots of people hate switching between Standard and Daylight time, especially in March when we “spring forward” and lose an hour of sleep. Studies show this chronological hiccup is linked to increased rates of heart attacks, strokes and traffic accidents. This is due to the disruption in our daily biological cycles, known as circadian rhythms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in case you’re wondering, the clock switch no longer means significant energy savings and has no real benefit for farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet the measure does have its detractors. Some state \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-sac-skelton-daylight-saving-time-20180705-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">politicians\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/08/18/editorial-for-kids-safety-vote-no-on-year-around-daylight-saving-time/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">editorial writers\u003c/a> point to the last time the U.S. had year-round DST: in 1974 during the OPEC oil embargo – and people hated it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Public opinion polls showed that everybody liked Daylight Saving Time from March to October,” notes David Prerau, author of “\u003ca href=\"http://www.seizethedaylight.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Seize the Daylight: The Curious and Contentious Story of Daylight Saving Time,\u003c/a> “but nobody liked it in the middle of winter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Nixon had ordered the measure for two years. But it meant the winter mornings were dark and cold – especially in the northern latitudes. There were some reports of increased accidents in the morning, as kids traveled to school in the dark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Getting on the Ballot\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pedestrian safety is always a high concern, says Assemblyman Kansen Chu, but Prop 7 is a totally separate issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chu is a Democrat representing the South and East Bay and sponsor of the measure. Chu became interested in the issue after his dentist showed him medical studies linking a lost hour of sleep in the spring, to increased \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbsnews.com/news/study-ties-daylight-saving-time-change-to-rise-in-heart-attacks/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">heart attacks\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.aan.com/PressRoom/Home/PressRelease/1440\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">stroke \u003c/a>and traffic accidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.aeaweb.org/conference/2015/retrieve.php?pdfid=544\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study from the University of Colorado at Boulder\u003c/a> found a 17 percent increase in traffic accidents on the Monday following the springtime switch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out why this might be, I visited the Kriegsfeld Lab at UC Berkeley, where scientists study circadian rhythms. Post-doctoral researcher Benjamin Smarr tells me that every part of our body runs on a daily cycle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pretty much anything you can name,” he says. “So because we have circadian clocks in every cell in our body, every organ in our body is made up of cells trying to keep time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When we throw our timing out of whack, from missing sleep, doing shift work or being jet lagged, it misaligns systems like our attention and perception, digestion, emotions, blood pressure and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One thing falling apart looks scary,” notes Smarr, “when you realize that all these other things around it have also fallen apart and that they’re also sort of fighting with each other for saying, ‘It’s time to sleep,’ ‘No, it’s time to digest,’ ‘No, it’s time to be active’. It makes sense that jet lag feels bad, makes us [feel] sick.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The practice of switching back and forth between Standard and Daylight Time has been under fire for a while, each spring the internet bubbles over with segments and articles such as:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>– Last Week Tonight with John Oliver: \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=br0NW9ufUUw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Daylight Saving Time – How Is This Still A Thing?\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n– Bustle.com: \u003ca href=\"https://www.bustle.com/articles/118438-7-legitimately-scary-facts-about-daylight-saving-time-which-just-so-happens-to-fall-on-halloween\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">7 Legitimately Scary Facts About Daylight Saving Time, Which Just So Happens To Fall On Halloween This Year\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n– The Boston Globe: \u003ca href=\"https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/nation/2017/03/10/proof-daylight-saving-time-dumb-dangerous-and-costly/kOqQs7T33rYHMEnCraQSJO/story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proof Daylight Saving Time Is Dumb, Dangerous, and Costly\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How did we get here in the first place?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The History of Daylight Saving Time, Abridged\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea dates back centuries, at least to 1784 when Benjamin Franklin was the American ambassador to France. He was in the habit of staying up late to write by candlelight and then sleeping until noon. In a \u003ca href=\"http://www.webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/franklin.html\">satirical essay written\u003c/a> for the “Journal de Paris” he describes waking one morning, due to a loud noise, at 6 a.m. and being shocked to see the sun was already up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Your readers, who with me have never seen any sign of sunshine before noon, […], will be as much astonished as I was, when they hear of his rising so early; and especially when I assure them, that he gives light as soon as he rises. […] This event has given rise in my mind to several serious and important reflections. I considered that, if I had not been awakened so early in the morning, I should have slept six hours longer by the light of the sun, and in exchange have lived six hours the following night by candle-light; and, the latter being a much more expensive light than the former, my love of economy induced me to muster up what little arithmetic I was master of, and to make some calculations.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933421\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1933421 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/14065v-800x1008.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1008\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/14065v-800x1008.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/14065v-160x202.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/14065v-768x967.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/14065v-240x302.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/14065v-375x472.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/14065v-520x655.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/14065v.jpg 813w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Benjamin Franklin is credited with being the first to propose (in jest) that humans shift their schedules to match sunlight hours. \u003ccite>(Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Franklin even estimated Parisians could save 64 million pounds of candle wax a year by getting up with the sun. This is the essence of Daylight Saving Time in a nutshell: making the best use of the hours of sunlight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea was kicked around again in the late 19th century, notably by a New Zealand entomologist who wanted more daylight in the evening for bug collecting, and British businessmen and politicians. But the first country to do anything about it was Germany during World War I, to save energy for the war effort. By shifting the clocks so that sunlight lasted later into the evening, people did not need to use electric lights as much. Most countries involved in the war then followed suit. The U.S. adopted it in 1918.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the war it was repealed and local areas could decide for themselves whether to keep it. Then came World War II.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Within a month of Pearl Harbor, we put in Daylight Saving Time again,” says Prerau. “And when WWII ended it became voluntary and several parts of the country had it and several parts didn’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Unwinding History\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California voters chose, by Proposition, to enact Daylight Saving Time in 1949 — that’s why it has to go before voters again if the current system is going to change. It wouldn’t change automatically, however. Proposition 7 would just be the first of a three-step process. If it passes, the state legislature and Congress also would need to give the OK.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason this time-switching scheme is falling out of favor: the energy savings are not what they used to be. Most recent studies show the effects of DST offer a one-half to 1.5 percent saving, or sometimes a loss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To my eye these are basically a wash,” says Dan Kammen, who runs an energy lab at UC Berkeley. “They’re not an argument for or against Daylight Savings Time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(And for the astute reader, yes it is “saving,” not “savings time.”)\u003c/p>\n\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "On November 6, Californians will weigh in on whether they want to continue changing their clocks twice a year. Proposition 7 on the statewide ballot would lay the groundwork for year-round Daylight Saving Time in the state.\r\n\r\nLots of people hate switching between Standard and Daylight time, especially in March when we \"spring forward\" and lose an hour of sleep. Studies show this chronological hiccup is linked to increased rates of heart attacks, strokes and traffic accidents. This is due to the disruption in our daily biological cycles, known as circadian rhythms.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1727135610,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 31,
"wordCount": 1214
},
"headData": {
"title": "Spring Forward, Fall Back, or Neither: Why Changing Our Clocks Might Fade Into History | KQED",
"description": "On November 6, Californians will weigh in on whether they want to continue changing their clocks twice a year. Proposition 7 on the statewide ballot would lay the groundwork for year-round Daylight Saving Time in the state.\r\n\r\nLots of people hate switching between Standard and Daylight time, especially in March when we "spring forward" and lose an hour of sleep. Studies show this chronological hiccup is linked to increased rates of heart attacks, strokes and traffic accidents. This is due to the disruption in our daily biological cycles, known as circadian rhythms.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Spring Forward, Fall Back, or Neither: Why Changing Our Clocks Might Fade Into History",
"datePublished": "2018-10-22T06:01:41-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-09-23T16:53:30-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"source": "Election 2018",
"audioUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2018/10/VentonDaylightSavingTime.mp3",
"sticky": false,
"audioTrackLength": 433,
"templateType": "standard",
"featuredImageType": "standard",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/science/1933282/spring-forward-fall-back-or-neither-why-changing-our-clocks-might-fade-into-history",
"audioDuration": 454000,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On November 6, Californians will weigh in on whether they want to continue changing their clocks twice a year. Proposition 7 on the statewide ballot would lay the groundwork for year-round Daylight Saving Time in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lots of people hate switching between Standard and Daylight time, especially in March when we “spring forward” and lose an hour of sleep. Studies show this chronological hiccup is linked to increased rates of heart attacks, strokes and traffic accidents. This is due to the disruption in our daily biological cycles, known as circadian rhythms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in case you’re wondering, the clock switch no longer means significant energy savings and has no real benefit for farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet the measure does have its detractors. Some state \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-sac-skelton-daylight-saving-time-20180705-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">politicians\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/08/18/editorial-for-kids-safety-vote-no-on-year-around-daylight-saving-time/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">editorial writers\u003c/a> point to the last time the U.S. had year-round DST: in 1974 during the OPEC oil embargo – and people hated it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Public opinion polls showed that everybody liked Daylight Saving Time from March to October,” notes David Prerau, author of “\u003ca href=\"http://www.seizethedaylight.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Seize the Daylight: The Curious and Contentious Story of Daylight Saving Time,\u003c/a> “but nobody liked it in the middle of winter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Nixon had ordered the measure for two years. But it meant the winter mornings were dark and cold – especially in the northern latitudes. There were some reports of increased accidents in the morning, as kids traveled to school in the dark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Getting on the Ballot\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pedestrian safety is always a high concern, says Assemblyman Kansen Chu, but Prop 7 is a totally separate issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chu is a Democrat representing the South and East Bay and sponsor of the measure. Chu became interested in the issue after his dentist showed him medical studies linking a lost hour of sleep in the spring, to increased \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbsnews.com/news/study-ties-daylight-saving-time-change-to-rise-in-heart-attacks/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">heart attacks\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.aan.com/PressRoom/Home/PressRelease/1440\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">stroke \u003c/a>and traffic accidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.aeaweb.org/conference/2015/retrieve.php?pdfid=544\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study from the University of Colorado at Boulder\u003c/a> found a 17 percent increase in traffic accidents on the Monday following the springtime switch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out why this might be, I visited the Kriegsfeld Lab at UC Berkeley, where scientists study circadian rhythms. Post-doctoral researcher Benjamin Smarr tells me that every part of our body runs on a daily cycle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pretty much anything you can name,” he says. “So because we have circadian clocks in every cell in our body, every organ in our body is made up of cells trying to keep time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When we throw our timing out of whack, from missing sleep, doing shift work or being jet lagged, it misaligns systems like our attention and perception, digestion, emotions, blood pressure and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One thing falling apart looks scary,” notes Smarr, “when you realize that all these other things around it have also fallen apart and that they’re also sort of fighting with each other for saying, ‘It’s time to sleep,’ ‘No, it’s time to digest,’ ‘No, it’s time to be active’. It makes sense that jet lag feels bad, makes us [feel] sick.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The practice of switching back and forth between Standard and Daylight Time has been under fire for a while, each spring the internet bubbles over with segments and articles such as:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>– Last Week Tonight with John Oliver: \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=br0NW9ufUUw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Daylight Saving Time – How Is This Still A Thing?\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n– Bustle.com: \u003ca href=\"https://www.bustle.com/articles/118438-7-legitimately-scary-facts-about-daylight-saving-time-which-just-so-happens-to-fall-on-halloween\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">7 Legitimately Scary Facts About Daylight Saving Time, Which Just So Happens To Fall On Halloween This Year\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n– The Boston Globe: \u003ca href=\"https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/nation/2017/03/10/proof-daylight-saving-time-dumb-dangerous-and-costly/kOqQs7T33rYHMEnCraQSJO/story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proof Daylight Saving Time Is Dumb, Dangerous, and Costly\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How did we get here in the first place?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The History of Daylight Saving Time, Abridged\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea dates back centuries, at least to 1784 when Benjamin Franklin was the American ambassador to France. He was in the habit of staying up late to write by candlelight and then sleeping until noon. In a \u003ca href=\"http://www.webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/franklin.html\">satirical essay written\u003c/a> for the “Journal de Paris” he describes waking one morning, due to a loud noise, at 6 a.m. and being shocked to see the sun was already up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Your readers, who with me have never seen any sign of sunshine before noon, […], will be as much astonished as I was, when they hear of his rising so early; and especially when I assure them, that he gives light as soon as he rises. […] This event has given rise in my mind to several serious and important reflections. I considered that, if I had not been awakened so early in the morning, I should have slept six hours longer by the light of the sun, and in exchange have lived six hours the following night by candle-light; and, the latter being a much more expensive light than the former, my love of economy induced me to muster up what little arithmetic I was master of, and to make some calculations.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933421\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1933421 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/14065v-800x1008.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1008\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/14065v-800x1008.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/14065v-160x202.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/14065v-768x967.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/14065v-240x302.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/14065v-375x472.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/14065v-520x655.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/14065v.jpg 813w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Benjamin Franklin is credited with being the first to propose (in jest) that humans shift their schedules to match sunlight hours. \u003ccite>(Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Franklin even estimated Parisians could save 64 million pounds of candle wax a year by getting up with the sun. This is the essence of Daylight Saving Time in a nutshell: making the best use of the hours of sunlight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea was kicked around again in the late 19th century, notably by a New Zealand entomologist who wanted more daylight in the evening for bug collecting, and British businessmen and politicians. But the first country to do anything about it was Germany during World War I, to save energy for the war effort. By shifting the clocks so that sunlight lasted later into the evening, people did not need to use electric lights as much. Most countries involved in the war then followed suit. The U.S. adopted it in 1918.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the war it was repealed and local areas could decide for themselves whether to keep it. Then came World War II.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Within a month of Pearl Harbor, we put in Daylight Saving Time again,” says Prerau. “And when WWII ended it became voluntary and several parts of the country had it and several parts didn’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Unwinding History\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California voters chose, by Proposition, to enact Daylight Saving Time in 1949 — that’s why it has to go before voters again if the current system is going to change. It wouldn’t change automatically, however. Proposition 7 would just be the first of a three-step process. If it passes, the state legislature and Congress also would need to give the OK.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason this time-switching scheme is falling out of favor: the energy savings are not what they used to be. Most recent studies show the effects of DST offer a one-half to 1.5 percent saving, or sometimes a loss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To my eye these are basically a wash,” says Dan Kammen, who runs an energy lab at UC Berkeley. “They’re not an argument for or against Daylight Savings Time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(And for the astute reader, yes it is “saving,” not “savings time.”)\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1933282/spring-forward-fall-back-or-neither-why-changing-our-clocks-might-fade-into-history",
"authors": [
"11088"
],
"programs": [
"science_5376"
],
"categories": [
"science_33",
"science_40",
"science_5141",
"science_3423"
],
"tags": [
"science_2006",
"science_813"
],
"featImg": "science_1933388",
"label": "source_science_1933282"
},
"science_1933363": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1933363",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933363",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1540001441000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "science"
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1540001441,
"format": "standard",
"title": "Supreme Court Stalls Kids' Climate Suit Days Before Trial",
"headTitle": "Supreme Court Stalls Kids’ Climate Suit Days Before Trial | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court on Friday temporarily blocked a high-profile climate change lawsuit\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1918228/san-francisco-federal-court-takes-up-young-peoples-climate-change-suit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> brought by young activists\u003c/a> who accuse the federal government of violating their constitutional rights with policies that have caused a dangerous climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chief Justice John Roberts signed an order freezing the trial that was set to start in 10 days in federal court in Oregon until lawyers for the young people provide a response and the high court issues another order.[contextly_sidebar id=”yVoRRrWHOmLgmwhujQXx1gfjQXcjiWSE”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It marked a victory for the government, which under the Obama and Trump administrations has tried unsuccessfully for years to get the case dismissed. An expert says the Trump administration tried again before the Oct. 29 trial as the court shifted to the right with the confirmation this month of Brett Kavanaugh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court refused to toss the lawsuit in July, calling it “premature.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Department lawyers asked again Thursday, arguing that the claim aims to redirect federal environmental policies through the courts rather than through the political process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Julia Olson, a lawyer representing the young plaintiffs and chief legal counsel for Our Children’s Trust, said they are confident the trial will move forward once the justices receive their response, which is due by Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court has recognized in other cases that review of constitutional questions “is better done on a full record where the evidence is presented and weighed,” she said in an email. “This case is about already recognized fundamental rights and children’s rights of equal protection under the law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The young people say government officials have known for more than 50 years that carbon pollution from fossil fuels was causing climate change and that policies on oil and gas deprive them of life, liberty and property. They also say the government has failed to protect natural resources as a “public trust” for future generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit wants a court to order the government to stop permitting and authorizing fossil fuels, quickly phase out carbon dioxide emissions to a certain level by 2100 and develop a national climate recovery plan.[contextly_sidebar id=”xcwIUXX2B4Q2CJC4CpSLqNKGRS1ogMv2″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration got a temporary reprieve on the case after also asking the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, which rejected the request in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The latest attempt to get the U.S. Supreme Court to stop the trial does not appear to be based on any new evidence or arguments. The only new element is an additional Supreme Court justice,” said Melissa Scanlan, a professor at Vermont Law School, who is not involved in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kavanaugh replaced the more moderate Anthony Kennedy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scanlan said the Trump administration is trying to avoid “what they’re expecting to be a 50-day trial focused on climate disruption.” The trial in Eugene, Oregon, was expected to wrap up in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government has argued in court filings that the young people don’t have standing to bring the case and the issues should be left to the political branches of government, not the court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffrey Wood, acting assistant attorney general for the Justice Department’s environment and natural resources division, said officials “firmly believe there is no legal basis for this case to be heard in federal court.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit “is an unconstitutional attempt to use a single court to control the entire nation’s energy and climate policy,” he said, according to prepared remarks for a speech he gave Friday at a conference in San Diego. “It is a matter of separation of powers and preserving the opportunity in our system of government for those policies to be decided by the elected branches, not the courts.”[contextly_sidebar id=”AdJP3FKaFsbXK3qojlVOi6maeNQZC0xR”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit is part of a nationwide effort led by the Oregon-based nonprofit Our Children’s Trust to force states and the federal government to take action on climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James Hansen, a former top NASA scientist who told the world 30 years ago that global warming had arrived, is also part of the federal case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District Court Judge Ann Aiken earlier this week dismissed President Donald Trump as a defendant in the case and rejected arguments that the young people can’t bring the case. She said they made specific allegations of “personal injuries caused by human induced climate change,” including extreme weather events in 2016 and 2017 that led to flooding in Louisiana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scanlan, the law professor, said the plaintiffs will need to show that the government created a danger, that they knew they created that danger and they “with deliberative indifference” failed to prevent harm.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 798,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 22
},
"modified": 1704927368,
"excerpt": "The U.S. government is trying to block a major climate change lawsuit days before young activists are set to argue that the government has violated their constitutional rights by failing to take action on climate change.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "The U.S. government is trying to block a major climate change lawsuit days before young activists are set to argue that the government has violated their constitutional rights by failing to take action on climate change.",
"title": "Supreme Court Stalls Kids' Climate Suit Days Before Trial | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Supreme Court Stalls Kids' Climate Suit Days Before Trial",
"datePublished": "2018-10-19T19:10:41-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:56:08-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "supreme-court-stalls-kids-climate-suit-days-before-trial",
"status": "publish",
"nprByline": "Phuong Le\u003cbr />The Associated Press",
"sticky": false,
"path": "/science/1933363/supreme-court-stalls-kids-climate-suit-days-before-trial",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court on Friday temporarily blocked a high-profile climate change lawsuit\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1918228/san-francisco-federal-court-takes-up-young-peoples-climate-change-suit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> brought by young activists\u003c/a> who accuse the federal government of violating their constitutional rights with policies that have caused a dangerous climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chief Justice John Roberts signed an order freezing the trial that was set to start in 10 days in federal court in Oregon until lawyers for the young people provide a response and the high court issues another order.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It marked a victory for the government, which under the Obama and Trump administrations has tried unsuccessfully for years to get the case dismissed. An expert says the Trump administration tried again before the Oct. 29 trial as the court shifted to the right with the confirmation this month of Brett Kavanaugh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court refused to toss the lawsuit in July, calling it “premature.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Department lawyers asked again Thursday, arguing that the claim aims to redirect federal environmental policies through the courts rather than through the political process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Julia Olson, a lawyer representing the young plaintiffs and chief legal counsel for Our Children’s Trust, said they are confident the trial will move forward once the justices receive their response, which is due by Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court has recognized in other cases that review of constitutional questions “is better done on a full record where the evidence is presented and weighed,” she said in an email. “This case is about already recognized fundamental rights and children’s rights of equal protection under the law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The young people say government officials have known for more than 50 years that carbon pollution from fossil fuels was causing climate change and that policies on oil and gas deprive them of life, liberty and property. They also say the government has failed to protect natural resources as a “public trust” for future generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit wants a court to order the government to stop permitting and authorizing fossil fuels, quickly phase out carbon dioxide emissions to a certain level by 2100 and develop a national climate recovery plan.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration got a temporary reprieve on the case after also asking the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, which rejected the request in July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The latest attempt to get the U.S. Supreme Court to stop the trial does not appear to be based on any new evidence or arguments. The only new element is an additional Supreme Court justice,” said Melissa Scanlan, a professor at Vermont Law School, who is not involved in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kavanaugh replaced the more moderate Anthony Kennedy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scanlan said the Trump administration is trying to avoid “what they’re expecting to be a 50-day trial focused on climate disruption.” The trial in Eugene, Oregon, was expected to wrap up in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government has argued in court filings that the young people don’t have standing to bring the case and the issues should be left to the political branches of government, not the court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffrey Wood, acting assistant attorney general for the Justice Department’s environment and natural resources division, said officials “firmly believe there is no legal basis for this case to be heard in federal court.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit “is an unconstitutional attempt to use a single court to control the entire nation’s energy and climate policy,” he said, according to prepared remarks for a speech he gave Friday at a conference in San Diego. “It is a matter of separation of powers and preserving the opportunity in our system of government for those policies to be decided by the elected branches, not the courts.”\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit is part of a nationwide effort led by the Oregon-based nonprofit Our Children’s Trust to force states and the federal government to take action on climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James Hansen, a former top NASA scientist who told the world 30 years ago that global warming had arrived, is also part of the federal case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District Court Judge Ann Aiken earlier this week dismissed President Donald Trump as a defendant in the case and rejected arguments that the young people can’t bring the case. She said they made specific allegations of “personal injuries caused by human induced climate change,” including extreme weather events in 2016 and 2017 that led to flooding in Louisiana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scanlan, the law professor, said the plaintiffs will need to show that the government created a danger, that they knew they created that danger and they “with deliberative indifference” failed to prevent harm.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1933363/supreme-court-stalls-kids-climate-suit-days-before-trial",
"authors": [
"byline_science_1933363"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_35",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_194",
"science_192",
"science_3301",
"science_556"
],
"featImg": "science_1933366",
"label": "science"
},
"science_1933317": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1933317",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933317",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1539996404000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "science"
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1539996404,
"format": "audio",
"title": "Here's How Trump Could Mess With California's Water",
"headTitle": "Here’s How Trump Could Mess With California’s Water | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>President Trump fired another shot in his ongoing environmental war with California, signing a directive Friday aimed at boosting water supplies for California farmers, which in turn could come at the expense of endangered fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump was flanked at the signing by Republican congressmen from California who have long pushed for a bigger share of water for Central Valley agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I hope you enjoy the water that you’re going to have.’\u003ccite>President Donald Trump\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“We will have it done very, very quickly,” Trump said. “I hope you enjoy the water that you’re going to have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The memo directed agencies to “minimize unnecessary regulatory burdens,” speeding up environmental reviews for water projects. It’s similar to a directive from Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke in August, ordering his staff to create a plan “maximizing” water deliveries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in all likelihood, the president’s action will have little immediate impact, as California largely oversees water decisions within its borders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For more than a century, dating back to the Reclamation Act of 1902, the federal government generally deferred to states on the management of water,” says Doug Obegi, an attorney with the Natural Resources Defense Council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is in charge of its water rights system, the pecking order of who gets water first. It also mandates how much water should flow through rivers to protect water quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Most Contentious Water Battle\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, there is one set of environmental rules, designed to protect endangered species, that put federal wildlife agencies in the driver’s seat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These rules are the cornerstone for protecting endangered Chinook salmon and delta smelt. Known as “biological opinions,” they determine how water projects should operate so that those species are not driven to extinction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the salmon and the delta smelt rely on the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, where major Sierra Nevada rivers meet San Francisco Bay. The federal rules for their protection are the focus of the most contentious California water battles, since in some years they reduce the amount of water that reaches farms and cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around two-thirds of Californians get at least some of their water from the delta. Canals and aqueducts carry delta water for hundreds of miles, from the Bay Area down to San Diego, fed by huge, powerful pumping plants along the way. The federal government’s biological opinions seek to protect delta smelt and salmon by slowing down the pumping at certain times of year when the fish are particularly at risk. That means more water flows out of the delta, into San Francisco Bay and ultimately to the Pacific Ocean\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that reduces water deliveries to the Central Valley, which has spawned outcries from farming interests about large amounts of water being “wasted,” even though, according to one estimate, endangered species protections only added 6.5 percent to the total amount of water flowing out of the Delta from 2011 to 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Speeding Up a Confrontation\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration is already in the process of rewriting the biological opinions. Federal agencies have that authority because they oversee the federal Endangered Species Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the President’s memorandum sets a deadline of Jan. 31, 2019 for getting the initial review for the biological opinions done. Final opinions would be due by 135 days later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many in the Central Valley agricultural community hope the new opinions will mean more water for farms, which in turn could mean fewer protections for endangered fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today’s order by President Trump will provide welcome relief to Western farmers, cities, rural communities and wildlife refuges that have struggled under water supply rules that are long overdue for an update,” the California Farm Bureau Federation said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But weaker protections for fish are likely to draw lawsuits from environmental groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They could also put California in a tough position. That’s because delta smelt and winter-run Chinook salmon are protected under California’s Endangered Species Act, or CESA, in addition to the federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, when California delivers water through its State Water Project, it will have to comply with CESA and potentially keep tougher protections in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California water, however, also flows through the federal government’s Central Valley Project, which has never been bound by CESA. And legally, some say, it’s an open question about whether it would be. California or environmental groups could file a lawsuit to find out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think there are lots of good arguments about why they’d have to meet CESA, says Obegi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California officials said they didn’t want to speculate on the issue until the federal government releases its biological opinions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California is advancing the policies needed to improve water supply reliability and protect ecosystems,” said Lisa Lien-Mager, spokesperson for the California Natural Resource Agency, in a statement. “We can and must do both, without sacrificing one for the other. We hope we can continue working with the federal government to achieve these shared goals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If anything, President Trump’s memorandum simply speeds up a collision with California that the state had already seen coming.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 888,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 28
},
"modified": 1704927369,
"excerpt": "President Trump fired another shot in his ongoing war with California, signing a directive to boost water supplies for farmers, which in turn could come at the expense of endangered fish.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "President Trump fired another shot in his ongoing war with California, signing a directive to boost water supplies for farmers, which in turn could come at the expense of endangered fish.",
"title": "Here's How Trump Could Mess With California's Water | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Here's How Trump Could Mess With California's Water",
"datePublished": "2018-10-19T17:46:44-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:56:09-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "heres-how-trump-could-mess-with-californias-water",
"status": "publish",
"audioUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2018/10/SommerTrumpWaterTCRAM.mp3",
"sticky": false,
"audioTrackLength": 60,
"path": "/science/1933317/heres-how-trump-could-mess-with-californias-water",
"audioDuration": 76000,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Trump fired another shot in his ongoing environmental war with California, signing a directive Friday aimed at boosting water supplies for California farmers, which in turn could come at the expense of endangered fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump was flanked at the signing by Republican congressmen from California who have long pushed for a bigger share of water for Central Valley agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I hope you enjoy the water that you’re going to have.’\u003ccite>President Donald Trump\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“We will have it done very, very quickly,” Trump said. “I hope you enjoy the water that you’re going to have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The memo directed agencies to “minimize unnecessary regulatory burdens,” speeding up environmental reviews for water projects. It’s similar to a directive from Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke in August, ordering his staff to create a plan “maximizing” water deliveries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in all likelihood, the president’s action will have little immediate impact, as California largely oversees water decisions within its borders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For more than a century, dating back to the Reclamation Act of 1902, the federal government generally deferred to states on the management of water,” says Doug Obegi, an attorney with the Natural Resources Defense Council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is in charge of its water rights system, the pecking order of who gets water first. It also mandates how much water should flow through rivers to protect water quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Most Contentious Water Battle\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, there is one set of environmental rules, designed to protect endangered species, that put federal wildlife agencies in the driver’s seat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These rules are the cornerstone for protecting endangered Chinook salmon and delta smelt. Known as “biological opinions,” they determine how water projects should operate so that those species are not driven to extinction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the salmon and the delta smelt rely on the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, where major Sierra Nevada rivers meet San Francisco Bay. The federal rules for their protection are the focus of the most contentious California water battles, since in some years they reduce the amount of water that reaches farms and cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around two-thirds of Californians get at least some of their water from the delta. Canals and aqueducts carry delta water for hundreds of miles, from the Bay Area down to San Diego, fed by huge, powerful pumping plants along the way. The federal government’s biological opinions seek to protect delta smelt and salmon by slowing down the pumping at certain times of year when the fish are particularly at risk. That means more water flows out of the delta, into San Francisco Bay and ultimately to the Pacific Ocean\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that reduces water deliveries to the Central Valley, which has spawned outcries from farming interests about large amounts of water being “wasted,” even though, according to one estimate, endangered species protections only added 6.5 percent to the total amount of water flowing out of the Delta from 2011 to 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Speeding Up a Confrontation\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration is already in the process of rewriting the biological opinions. Federal agencies have that authority because they oversee the federal Endangered Species Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the President’s memorandum sets a deadline of Jan. 31, 2019 for getting the initial review for the biological opinions done. Final opinions would be due by 135 days later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many in the Central Valley agricultural community hope the new opinions will mean more water for farms, which in turn could mean fewer protections for endangered fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today’s order by President Trump will provide welcome relief to Western farmers, cities, rural communities and wildlife refuges that have struggled under water supply rules that are long overdue for an update,” the California Farm Bureau Federation said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But weaker protections for fish are likely to draw lawsuits from environmental groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They could also put California in a tough position. That’s because delta smelt and winter-run Chinook salmon are protected under California’s Endangered Species Act, or CESA, in addition to the federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, when California delivers water through its State Water Project, it will have to comply with CESA and potentially keep tougher protections in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California water, however, also flows through the federal government’s Central Valley Project, which has never been bound by CESA. And legally, some say, it’s an open question about whether it would be. California or environmental groups could file a lawsuit to find out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think there are lots of good arguments about why they’d have to meet CESA, says Obegi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California officials said they didn’t want to speculate on the issue until the federal government releases its biological opinions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California is advancing the policies needed to improve water supply reliability and protect ecosystems,” said Lisa Lien-Mager, spokesperson for the California Natural Resource Agency, in a statement. “We can and must do both, without sacrificing one for the other. We hope we can continue working with the federal government to achieve these shared goals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If anything, President Trump’s memorandum simply speeds up a collision with California that the state had already seen coming.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1933317/heres-how-trump-could-mess-with-californias-water",
"authors": [
"239"
],
"categories": [
"science_40",
"science_98"
],
"tags": [
"science_3370",
"science_201"
],
"featImg": "science_1933321",
"label": "science"
},
"science_1933223": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1933223",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933223",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1539967691000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1539967691,
"format": "aside",
"title": "Listen to The Ice Shelf as It Makes Eerie Sounds",
"headTitle": "Listen to The Ice Shelf as It Makes Eerie Sounds | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w56RxaX9THY\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “whistling” of the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica’s largest, is beautifully eerie. It’s also potentially a divining rod for changes to shelves’ composition that can be monitored in real time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Listening to it, the opening moan of Fever Ray’s song \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EBAzlNJonO8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“If I Had A Heart”\u003c/a> comes to mind, or the dramatic composition \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fnoxu4ocQb0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>Inuksuit\u003c/em>\u003c/a> from John Luther Adams:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To arrive at \u003ca href=\"https://news.agu.org/press-release/antarctic-ice-shelf-sings-as-winds-whip-across-its-surface/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">their new recording\u003c/a>, twelve scientists working on the ice shelf burrowed 34 tools for measuring seismic activity into it, expecting to monitor its internal vibrations. They noticed, however, that surface wind glazing over the “firn” — the top layer of snow of the shelf — was feeding the sensors below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What was at first considered to be “inconvenient ambient noise,” as the glaciologist Douglas R. MacAyeal put it in \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2018GL080366\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a summation of the new findings\u003c/a>, ended up yielding valuable insights about the health of the shelf itself. The shelf’s song changes as its surface does; strong storms can rearrange the snow dunes atop it, causing that ice to vibrate at different frequencies — how fast the seismic waves travel through the snow changes as air temperatures at the surface fluctuate, in turn giving scientists data on the shelf’s structural integrity. Meaning whether or not it will break up, and thus raise sea levels. Not bad for a whistle or two. Or 34.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reason we care so much about ice shelves is because their stability is so important to the stability of other ice masses,” Rick Aster, one of the authors of the study, tells NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>It’s worth noting that the recording above was not, in its original form, perceptible to human ears — the “song” was created by speeding up those seismic waves, allowing more casual observers to follow along.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It gives people an intuitive feel that there are these waves bouncing around in the ice shelf that are sensitive to changes, like warming,” Aster said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>More Music From the Natural World\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The New Orleans-based artist Quintron, through his company Quintronics, developed the Weather Warlock, a “giant analog synth” that is based around an F-major chord, but varies its resulting music due to input from the weather (temperature, wind, sun and rain) it’s experiencing at any given time. The result, which \u003ca href=\"http://weatherfortheblind.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">you can stream 24 hours a day\u003c/a> from its current home in Los Angeles, is mercurial and meditative and worth leaving in your headphones for a while. “Our hope is that this instrument could be of some help to those experiencing any type of sleep disorder or to anyone suffering from stress or health issues which might benefit from a direct musical connection to nature,” its creators note. (They also note it is \u003cem>not\u003c/em> meant to offer any medical treatment.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Baka in southeastern Cameroon \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qLGX7EPODug\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">use water as a drum\u003c/a>, resulting in a fluent, calming rhythmic form.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or, if you’re sick of Earth entirely, NASA has an archive of “spooky” space sounds — \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/vision/universe/features/halloween_sounds.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">perfect for Halloween\u003c/a>. (Not so sure about \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/edu_happy_halloween_2015.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">that cover art\u003c/a>, however.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Updated Oct. 18, 5:23 p.m. \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003cem>with further information on \u003c/em>\u003cem>the value of wind’s seismic data.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": true,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 578,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 14
},
"modified": 1704927371,
"excerpt": "Much to the researcher's surprise, the sounds ended up yielding valuable insights about the health of the shelf itself.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Much to the researcher's surprise, the sounds ended up yielding valuable insights about the health of the shelf itself.",
"title": "Listen to The Ice Shelf as It Makes Eerie Sounds | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Listen to The Ice Shelf as It Makes Eerie Sounds",
"datePublished": "2018-10-19T09:48:11-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:56:11-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "listen-to-the-ice-shelf-as-it-makes-eerie-sounds",
"status": "publish",
"nprByline": "Ruben Kimmelman, NPR",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Environment",
"path": "/science/1933223/listen-to-the-ice-shelf-as-it-makes-eerie-sounds",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/w56RxaX9THY'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/w56RxaX9THY'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The “whistling” of the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica’s largest, is beautifully eerie. It’s also potentially a divining rod for changes to shelves’ composition that can be monitored in real time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Listening to it, the opening moan of Fever Ray’s song \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EBAzlNJonO8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“If I Had A Heart”\u003c/a> comes to mind, or the dramatic composition \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fnoxu4ocQb0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>Inuksuit\u003c/em>\u003c/a> from John Luther Adams:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To arrive at \u003ca href=\"https://news.agu.org/press-release/antarctic-ice-shelf-sings-as-winds-whip-across-its-surface/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">their new recording\u003c/a>, twelve scientists working on the ice shelf burrowed 34 tools for measuring seismic activity into it, expecting to monitor its internal vibrations. They noticed, however, that surface wind glazing over the “firn” — the top layer of snow of the shelf — was feeding the sensors below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What was at first considered to be “inconvenient ambient noise,” as the glaciologist Douglas R. MacAyeal put it in \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2018GL080366\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a summation of the new findings\u003c/a>, ended up yielding valuable insights about the health of the shelf itself. The shelf’s song changes as its surface does; strong storms can rearrange the snow dunes atop it, causing that ice to vibrate at different frequencies — how fast the seismic waves travel through the snow changes as air temperatures at the surface fluctuate, in turn giving scientists data on the shelf’s structural integrity. Meaning whether or not it will break up, and thus raise sea levels. Not bad for a whistle or two. Or 34.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reason we care so much about ice shelves is because their stability is so important to the stability of other ice masses,” Rick Aster, one of the authors of the study, tells NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>It’s worth noting that the recording above was not, in its original form, perceptible to human ears — the “song” was created by speeding up those seismic waves, allowing more casual observers to follow along.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It gives people an intuitive feel that there are these waves bouncing around in the ice shelf that are sensitive to changes, like warming,” Aster said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>More Music From the Natural World\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The New Orleans-based artist Quintron, through his company Quintronics, developed the Weather Warlock, a “giant analog synth” that is based around an F-major chord, but varies its resulting music due to input from the weather (temperature, wind, sun and rain) it’s experiencing at any given time. The result, which \u003ca href=\"http://weatherfortheblind.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">you can stream 24 hours a day\u003c/a> from its current home in Los Angeles, is mercurial and meditative and worth leaving in your headphones for a while. “Our hope is that this instrument could be of some help to those experiencing any type of sleep disorder or to anyone suffering from stress or health issues which might benefit from a direct musical connection to nature,” its creators note. (They also note it is \u003cem>not\u003c/em> meant to offer any medical treatment.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Baka in southeastern Cameroon \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qLGX7EPODug\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">use water as a drum\u003c/a>, resulting in a fluent, calming rhythmic form.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or, if you’re sick of Earth entirely, NASA has an archive of “spooky” space sounds — \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/vision/universe/features/halloween_sounds.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">perfect for Halloween\u003c/a>. (Not so sure about \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/edu_happy_halloween_2015.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">that cover art\u003c/a>, however.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Updated Oct. 18, 5:23 p.m. \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003cem>with further information on \u003c/em>\u003cem>the value of wind’s seismic data.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1933223/listen-to-the-ice-shelf-as-it-makes-eerie-sounds",
"authors": [
"byline_science_1933223"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_35",
"science_38",
"science_40",
"science_2873"
],
"tags": [
"science_74",
"science_192"
],
"featImg": "science_1933225",
"label": "source_science_1933223"
},
"science_1933064": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1933064",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933064",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1539954013000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1539954013,
"format": "aside",
"title": "Are You in the Severe Damage Zone for the Bay Area's Next Big Earthquake?",
"headTitle": "Are You in the Severe Damage Zone for the Bay Area’s Next Big Earthquake? | KQED",
"content": "\u003ch5>Vulnerable Resources Near a Ticking Time Bomb\u003c/h5>\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: 90%\">\u003cspan style=\"font-size: small\">\u003cem>The Hayward Fault is capable of producing a 7.0 earthquake over an area with hundreds of hospitals, schools, police and fire stations. A recent study found such an event would cause an estimated 800 deaths, 18,000 injuries and billions in damage. Click the arrow to view the map legend. Zoom in and click on the dots on the map to identify schools and emergency facilities near you, or use the magnifier icon to find your address. Source: USGS\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.arcgis.com/apps/Embed/index.html?webmap=cd57f9659dad4de7aea6f295f587c334&extent=-122.8791,37.1125,-121.3808,38.3452&home=true&zoom=true&previewImage=false&scale=true&search=true&searchextent=false&details=true&legend=true&active_panel=legend&disable_scroll=true&theme=light\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>October 21 marks the anniversary of the “Great San Francisco Earthquake” — but not the one you’re thinking of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On that date back in 1868, a major quake struck on the East Bay’s Hayward Fault. The jolt reached across the Bay and caused extensive damage in San Francisco, the region’s largest city, so the name stuck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933234\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1344px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1933234\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: San Leandro courthouse ruins, 1868\" width=\"1344\" height=\"777\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI.jpg 1344w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-160x93.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-800x463.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-768x444.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-1020x590.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-1200x694.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-1180x682.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-960x555.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-240x139.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-375x217.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-520x301.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1344px) 100vw, 1344px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ruins of the Alameda County courthouse in San Leandro, after an earthquake on the Hayward Fault on October 21, 1868. Afterward, the county seat moved to Oakland. \u003ccite>(The Bancroft Library, UC Berkeley)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When a bigger one came along on the San Andreas Fault in the spring of 1906, the Great-Quake moniker was reassigned. But things have changed since 1906 and the Hayward is now considered the most urbanized fault in the nation. It runs for 40 miles through the East Bay’s most densely populated areas, not to mention key infrastructure such as airports, freeways, rail lines, and a major port.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say it’s also the most likely source for the Bay Area’s next “great quake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Hayward Fault is ready now,” said UC Berkeley seismologist Roland Burgmann. “It has built up all the energy it needs for a future event, so it could happen today, but it could also still wait another couple decades and then just have a somewhat larger event, because it took longer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3020/fs20163020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">have calculated\u003c/a> about a 30% chance that the Hayward will “break big” — with a M6.7 event or bigger — within 30 years.\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/natural-hazards/science-application-risk-reduction/science/haywired-scenario?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">“HayWired” scenario\u003c/a> from the U.S. Geological Survey projects that in the aftermath of a magnitude 7.0 quake on the Hayward, 2,500 people would need immediate rescue. Serious questions remain about whether emergency responders could get to everyone’s aid, given that roads are likely to be blocked and water for fighting fires cut off in many areas — possibly for weeks or months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In terms of exposure of hospitals, schools, lifelines, it’s really unequaled,” says Burgmann.\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, scientists have been trying to handicap where the fault is most likely to slip again, by mapping portions of the fault that are constantly slipping in slow-motion, or “creeping,” and portions that are “locked.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those locked portions hold the biggest quake potential because when they finally break loose, far more energy is released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we know where the fault is locked versus creeping,” explains Burgmann, “we can much better say which areas, which neighborhoods are more strongly affected”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_yZSSQmYG2E&w=560&h=315]\u003cbr>\nScientists haven’t pinned down exactly the epicenter of the 1868 quake, but are convinced that it broke on the southern segment of the Hayward Fault, which runs from Oakland, south through Fremont. The next major temblor, they conclude, is likely to be in about the same place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The USGS calculates that\u003ca href=\"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20181168\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> as much as $80 billion\u003c/a> has gone into earthquake preparedness in the nearly three decades since the Loma Prieta quake, a M6.8 shaker that caused widespread damage throughout the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than half of that has gone toward shoring up transportation infrastructure and health care facilities, according to the report. Another quarter was for upgrading privately owned buildings and schools, and the rest was “to strengthen the Bay Area’s water supply, government and emergency response buildings, electric and gas lines, cultural facilities, sewer lines, data centers and non-profit buildings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But achieving “resilience,” to use the current buzzword, is a project with no end in sight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It really takes building codes, planning by all the different agencies and communities involved to be more and more ready,” says Burgmann. “We’ll never be really ready.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": true,
"hasChartOrMap": true,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 747,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [
"https://www.arcgis.com/apps/Embed/index.html"
],
"paragraphCount": 18
},
"modified": 1704927372,
"excerpt": "Many of the East Bay's most critical health and safety services such as fire stations and hospitals are situated practically on top of the Hayward Fault, in the zone of most severe damage. ",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Many of the East Bay's most critical health and safety services such as fire stations and hospitals are situated practically on top of the Hayward Fault, in the zone of most severe damage. ",
"title": "Are You in the Severe Damage Zone for the Bay Area's Next Big Earthquake? | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Are You in the Severe Damage Zone for the Bay Area's Next Big Earthquake?",
"datePublished": "2018-10-19T06:00:13-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:56:12-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "map-are-you-in-the-severe-damage-zone-for-the-bay-areas-next-big-earthquake",
"status": "publish",
"audioUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2018/10/MillerHaywardQuake.mp3",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"sticky": false,
"audioTrackLength": 255,
"source": "Geology",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/science/1933064/map-are-you-in-the-severe-damage-zone-for-the-bay-areas-next-big-earthquake",
"audioDuration": 276000,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch5>Vulnerable Resources Near a Ticking Time Bomb\u003c/h5>\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: 90%\">\u003cspan style=\"font-size: small\">\u003cem>The Hayward Fault is capable of producing a 7.0 earthquake over an area with hundreds of hospitals, schools, police and fire stations. A recent study found such an event would cause an estimated 800 deaths, 18,000 injuries and billions in damage. Click the arrow to view the map legend. Zoom in and click on the dots on the map to identify schools and emergency facilities near you, or use the magnifier icon to find your address. Source: USGS\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.arcgis.com/apps/Embed/index.html?webmap=cd57f9659dad4de7aea6f295f587c334&extent=-122.8791,37.1125,-121.3808,38.3452&home=true&zoom=true&previewImage=false&scale=true&search=true&searchextent=false&details=true&legend=true&active_panel=legend&disable_scroll=true&theme=light\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>October 21 marks the anniversary of the “Great San Francisco Earthquake” — but not the one you’re thinking of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On that date back in 1868, a major quake struck on the East Bay’s Hayward Fault. The jolt reached across the Bay and caused extensive damage in San Francisco, the region’s largest city, so the name stuck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1933234\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1344px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1933234\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: San Leandro courthouse ruins, 1868\" width=\"1344\" height=\"777\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI.jpg 1344w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-160x93.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-800x463.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-768x444.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-1020x590.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-1200x694.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-1180x682.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-960x555.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-240x139.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-375x217.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/SLCourthouse_FI-520x301.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1344px) 100vw, 1344px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ruins of the Alameda County courthouse in San Leandro, after an earthquake on the Hayward Fault on October 21, 1868. Afterward, the county seat moved to Oakland. \u003ccite>(The Bancroft Library, UC Berkeley)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When a bigger one came along on the San Andreas Fault in the spring of 1906, the Great-Quake moniker was reassigned. But things have changed since 1906 and the Hayward is now considered the most urbanized fault in the nation. It runs for 40 miles through the East Bay’s most densely populated areas, not to mention key infrastructure such as airports, freeways, rail lines, and a major port.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say it’s also the most likely source for the Bay Area’s next “great quake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Hayward Fault is ready now,” said UC Berkeley seismologist Roland Burgmann. “It has built up all the energy it needs for a future event, so it could happen today, but it could also still wait another couple decades and then just have a somewhat larger event, because it took longer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3020/fs20163020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">have calculated\u003c/a> about a 30% chance that the Hayward will “break big” — with a M6.7 event or bigger — within 30 years.\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/natural-hazards/science-application-risk-reduction/science/haywired-scenario?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">“HayWired” scenario\u003c/a> from the U.S. Geological Survey projects that in the aftermath of a magnitude 7.0 quake on the Hayward, 2,500 people would need immediate rescue. Serious questions remain about whether emergency responders could get to everyone’s aid, given that roads are likely to be blocked and water for fighting fires cut off in many areas — possibly for weeks or months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In terms of exposure of hospitals, schools, lifelines, it’s really unequaled,” says Burgmann.\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, scientists have been trying to handicap where the fault is most likely to slip again, by mapping portions of the fault that are constantly slipping in slow-motion, or “creeping,” and portions that are “locked.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those locked portions hold the biggest quake potential because when they finally break loose, far more energy is released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we know where the fault is locked versus creeping,” explains Burgmann, “we can much better say which areas, which neighborhoods are more strongly affected”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/_yZSSQmYG2E'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/_yZSSQmYG2E'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nScientists haven’t pinned down exactly the epicenter of the 1868 quake, but are convinced that it broke on the southern segment of the Hayward Fault, which runs from Oakland, south through Fremont. The next major temblor, they conclude, is likely to be in about the same place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The USGS calculates that\u003ca href=\"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20181168\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> as much as $80 billion\u003c/a> has gone into earthquake preparedness in the nearly three decades since the Loma Prieta quake, a M6.8 shaker that caused widespread damage throughout the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than half of that has gone toward shoring up transportation infrastructure and health care facilities, according to the report. Another quarter was for upgrading privately owned buildings and schools, and the rest was “to strengthen the Bay Area’s water supply, government and emergency response buildings, electric and gas lines, cultural facilities, sewer lines, data centers and non-profit buildings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But achieving “resilience,” to use the current buzzword, is a project with no end in sight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It really takes building codes, planning by all the different agencies and communities involved to be more and more ready,” says Burgmann. “We’ll never be really ready.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1933064/map-are-you-in-the-severe-damage-zone-for-the-bay-areas-next-big-earthquake",
"authors": [
"221"
],
"categories": [
"science_38",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_257",
"science_3370",
"science_654",
"science_1864"
],
"featImg": "science_1984387",
"label": "source_science_1933064"
},
"science_1932901": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1932901",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1932901",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1539901546000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1539901546,
"format": "standard",
"title": "Where Have All the Critters Gone? Blame Climate Change",
"headTitle": "Where Have All the Critters Gone? Blame Climate Change | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Insect populations in the tropics are facing a crisis as global warming drives up temperatures, causing a 98 percent decline in their numbers over the last four decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those are the findings of a new \u003ca href=\"http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/10/09/1722477115\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study published\u003c/a> this week in the \u003cem>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, \u003c/em>which suggests that climate change is disrupting the global ecosystem at an accelerating pace.[contextly_sidebar id=”9X7r6vwdGlQwE6EW5F7mPjMQyBkzzvYq”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Worse, the study concludes that the problem is more widespread than scientists realized, with global warming triggering a “bottom-up” domino effect and resulting collapse of the forest food web, as insect-eating animals dwindle, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers say the consequences of a collapsed food web would have serious ramifications for the future stability of tropical ecosystems, which house two-thirds of the Earth’s species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A disruption in the tropical food web would also have catastrophic repercussions for the global ecosystem, according to lead author Bradford Lister, a biologist at \u003ca href=\"https://www.rpi.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Loss of species in tropical rainforests are a sign that increased temperatures have begun to take their toll on the local climate, according to Lister.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He warns that eventually the world could see dramatic changes in rainfall if tropical rainforests are degraded and vegetation starts to collapse, which is possible since pollinators are already crashing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because the global water cycle depends on plant life in these rainforests, which produce huge amounts of water that feed into rain flows carried by trade winds north and south of the equator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s happening all over the planet and once the pollinators crash, then the plants follow and you get accelerated extinction rates of a lot of animals and insects,” says Lister.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Climate Catastrophe Has Already Arrived\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lister points to the recent United Nations report on climate change to underscore the threat. The report lists 2040 as the year when the more severe impacts of global warming will start to unfold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[I]n Central and South America, you’re already seeing a 2 to 2.5 degree warming,” says Lister. “We don’t have to wait that long to see the impact of global warming. The damaging effects on the ecosystems that sustain us is already happening in tropical locations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the study, researchers focused on the Luquillo Rainforest in Puerto Rico and Chamela forest in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Puerto Rico, they compared data collected between 1976 and 2013, during which time the average temperature increased by two degrees Celsius (3.6 F).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Lister and his team returned to the island in 2013, he says he was \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/science/2018/10/15/hyperalarming-study-shows-massive-insect-loss/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.92b5efdda92d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">surprised by how\u003c/a> much the situation had changed.[contextly_sidebar id=”mSktpCB1i441tT4oxSnPqod1JuM7uE3q”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers didn’t observe any butterflies during the first two days, a considerable change from the 1970s, when Lister says butterflies could be spotted all over the forest. Lister says he also also noticed fewer flying insects in the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just based on casual observations of the forest, we knew something was amiss,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was also an obvious lack of birds that were once abundant such as the the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/10/09/1722477115\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Puerto Rican tody, \u003c/a>which feeds almost exclusively on insects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the data, Lister and his team collected insects using adhesive plates. They also swept the forest brush hundreds of times with nets, collecting any insects that passed through. They compared the results with previous measurements taken in the same way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They found that as temperatures increased,the biomass, or collective weight of insects declined by 98 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, researchers found that the biomass of insects captured by the adhesive traps declined 98 percent, while the net sweeps trapped between 12.5 and 25 percent of previous yields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers also discovered contemporaneous declines in the forest’s insect-eating populations such as lizards, frogs, and birds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/10/09/1722477115\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Puerto Rican tody \u003c/a>for example, diminished by 90 percent. The ten most common species living in the forest canopy also experienced declines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Insect populations in western Mexico also saw declines of about 70 to 80 percent in biomass, while temperatures in this region climbed by 2.4 C (36.3°F) over the same period.[contextly_sidebar id=”1RyDiECBYd2XPdCCn5lKDTdBRjEj2VzP”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One expert called the findings “one of the most disturbing articles” he had ever head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This study in PNAS is a real wake-up call — a clarion call — that the phenomenon could be much, much bigger, and across many more ecosystems,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/science/2018/10/15/hyperalarming-study-shows-massive-insect-loss/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.92b5efdda92d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">David Wagner\u003c/a>, an expert in invertebrate conservation at the University of Connecticut, told the Washington Post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Global Trend\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings corroborate similar findings from previous studies showing that global bug populations are declining at an alarming rate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Stanford study in 2014 \u003ca href=\"https://e360.yale.edu/features/insect_numbers_declining_why_it_matters\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">estimated that\u003c/a> insect populations around the world declined by 45 percent in the last 35 years. Another study in 2017 showed a 76 percent decline in flying insects in \u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.co.uk/topic/Germany\">German\u003c/a> nature preserves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers cite climate change as the cause of the dramatic declines based on a special statistical technique that allows scientists to single out specific variables — such as rainfall declines or increased temperatures — to determine their impact on the insects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tool, according to Lister, pointed to higher temperatures as the culprit 90 percent of the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interestingly, almost all of the insects displayed the same proportion of declines, regardless of what species or forest niche they occupied. Lister says this indicates that an overarching force must be at play.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His team plans on returning to these sites for newer measurements in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s with a lot of trepidation that I head back because it’s very disturbing to see what’s been going on in the last 30 to 40 years,” he says. “And if global temperatures keep increasing, the forests will eventually dry out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while rainforests harbor most of the world’s species, Lister says there have been few studies done on the impact of warming temperatures on tropical climates. He hopes his team’s work stimulates more research on this topic.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1040,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 37
},
"modified": 1704927374,
"excerpt": "Dramatic declines in insect populations are causing the rainforest's food web to collapse. A new study says the problem is worse than scientists previously thought.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Dramatic declines in insect populations are causing the rainforest's food web to collapse. A new study says the problem is worse than scientists previously thought.",
"title": "Where Have All the Critters Gone? Blame Climate Change | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Where Have All the Critters Gone? Blame Climate Change",
"datePublished": "2018-10-18T15:25:46-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:56:14-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "where-have-all-the-critters-gone-blame-climate-change",
"status": "publish",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Climate Change",
"path": "/science/1932901/where-have-all-the-critters-gone-blame-climate-change",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Insect populations in the tropics are facing a crisis as global warming drives up temperatures, causing a 98 percent decline in their numbers over the last four decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those are the findings of a new \u003ca href=\"http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/10/09/1722477115\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study published\u003c/a> this week in the \u003cem>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, \u003c/em>which suggests that climate change is disrupting the global ecosystem at an accelerating pace.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Worse, the study concludes that the problem is more widespread than scientists realized, with global warming triggering a “bottom-up” domino effect and resulting collapse of the forest food web, as insect-eating animals dwindle, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers say the consequences of a collapsed food web would have serious ramifications for the future stability of tropical ecosystems, which house two-thirds of the Earth’s species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A disruption in the tropical food web would also have catastrophic repercussions for the global ecosystem, according to lead author Bradford Lister, a biologist at \u003ca href=\"https://www.rpi.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Loss of species in tropical rainforests are a sign that increased temperatures have begun to take their toll on the local climate, according to Lister.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He warns that eventually the world could see dramatic changes in rainfall if tropical rainforests are degraded and vegetation starts to collapse, which is possible since pollinators are already crashing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because the global water cycle depends on plant life in these rainforests, which produce huge amounts of water that feed into rain flows carried by trade winds north and south of the equator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s happening all over the planet and once the pollinators crash, then the plants follow and you get accelerated extinction rates of a lot of animals and insects,” says Lister.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Climate Catastrophe Has Already Arrived\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lister points to the recent United Nations report on climate change to underscore the threat. The report lists 2040 as the year when the more severe impacts of global warming will start to unfold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[I]n Central and South America, you’re already seeing a 2 to 2.5 degree warming,” says Lister. “We don’t have to wait that long to see the impact of global warming. The damaging effects on the ecosystems that sustain us is already happening in tropical locations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the study, researchers focused on the Luquillo Rainforest in Puerto Rico and Chamela forest in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Puerto Rico, they compared data collected between 1976 and 2013, during which time the average temperature increased by two degrees Celsius (3.6 F).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Lister and his team returned to the island in 2013, he says he was \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/science/2018/10/15/hyperalarming-study-shows-massive-insect-loss/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.92b5efdda92d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">surprised by how\u003c/a> much the situation had changed.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers didn’t observe any butterflies during the first two days, a considerable change from the 1970s, when Lister says butterflies could be spotted all over the forest. Lister says he also also noticed fewer flying insects in the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just based on casual observations of the forest, we knew something was amiss,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was also an obvious lack of birds that were once abundant such as the the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/10/09/1722477115\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Puerto Rican tody, \u003c/a>which feeds almost exclusively on insects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the data, Lister and his team collected insects using adhesive plates. They also swept the forest brush hundreds of times with nets, collecting any insects that passed through. They compared the results with previous measurements taken in the same way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They found that as temperatures increased,the biomass, or collective weight of insects declined by 98 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, researchers found that the biomass of insects captured by the adhesive traps declined 98 percent, while the net sweeps trapped between 12.5 and 25 percent of previous yields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers also discovered contemporaneous declines in the forest’s insect-eating populations such as lizards, frogs, and birds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/10/09/1722477115\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Puerto Rican tody \u003c/a>for example, diminished by 90 percent. The ten most common species living in the forest canopy also experienced declines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Insect populations in western Mexico also saw declines of about 70 to 80 percent in biomass, while temperatures in this region climbed by 2.4 C (36.3°F) over the same period.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One expert called the findings “one of the most disturbing articles” he had ever head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This study in PNAS is a real wake-up call — a clarion call — that the phenomenon could be much, much bigger, and across many more ecosystems,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/science/2018/10/15/hyperalarming-study-shows-massive-insect-loss/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.92b5efdda92d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">David Wagner\u003c/a>, an expert in invertebrate conservation at the University of Connecticut, told the Washington Post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Global Trend\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings corroborate similar findings from previous studies showing that global bug populations are declining at an alarming rate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Stanford study in 2014 \u003ca href=\"https://e360.yale.edu/features/insect_numbers_declining_why_it_matters\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">estimated that\u003c/a> insect populations around the world declined by 45 percent in the last 35 years. Another study in 2017 showed a 76 percent decline in flying insects in \u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.co.uk/topic/Germany\">German\u003c/a> nature preserves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers cite climate change as the cause of the dramatic declines based on a special statistical technique that allows scientists to single out specific variables — such as rainfall declines or increased temperatures — to determine their impact on the insects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tool, according to Lister, pointed to higher temperatures as the culprit 90 percent of the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interestingly, almost all of the insects displayed the same proportion of declines, regardless of what species or forest niche they occupied. Lister says this indicates that an overarching force must be at play.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His team plans on returning to these sites for newer measurements in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s with a lot of trepidation that I head back because it’s very disturbing to see what’s been going on in the last 30 to 40 years,” he says. “And if global temperatures keep increasing, the forests will eventually dry out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while rainforests harbor most of the world’s species, Lister says there have been few studies done on the impact of warming temperatures on tropical climates. He hopes his team’s work stimulates more research on this topic.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1932901/where-have-all-the-critters-gone-blame-climate-change",
"authors": [
"11428"
],
"categories": [
"science_2874",
"science_31",
"science_35",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_1120",
"science_896",
"science_194",
"science_3370",
"science_157"
],
"featImg": "science_1933074",
"label": "source_science_1932901"
},
"science_1933122": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1933122",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933122",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1539885633000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1539885633,
"format": "standard",
"title": "Why California Law Requires a 'Clear Benefit' for Groundwater Recharge",
"headTitle": "Why California Law Requires a ‘Clear Benefit’ for Groundwater Recharge | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Researchers at the University of California recently \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/10/04/is-groundwater-recharge-a-beneficial-use-california-law-says-no\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">highlighted\u003c/a> a flaw in state law that may prohibit diverting streamflow to recharge groundwater. The problem is that groundwater recharge by itself is not considered a “beneficial use” under state law, and meeting that definition is a requirement to obtain a permit to divert water.[contextly_sidebar id=”2ViJvHaEuCTE5vIrxwfK4dAL7s8M3gsp”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials at the State Water Resources Control Board, which oversees water rights, say the reality is not so clear-cut. In fact, existing rules allow most groundwater recharge projects to obtain a water right. It’s just that they may not be awarded that right for the act of recharge by itself. The applicant would have to specifically target some ancillary benefit of recharge, such as salinity control in an aquifer or reversing land subsidence caused by overpumping groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cspan class=\"caps\">U.C.\u003c/span> researchers, among other things, recommended that the water board develop new regulations to clarify that those kinds of nonextractive uses of groundwater are, in fact, a beneficial use. But the water board has no plans to do so, asserting that existing rules are adequate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To explain all this further, Water Deeply recently spoke with Erik Ekdahl, a deputy director in the division of water rights at the state board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: Why isn’t the water board changing the rules to make groundwater recharge a beneficial use?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erik Ekdahl: Two main reasons. The first is that it leads to trouble and potential “cold storage,” for lack of a better term, related to junior water-right holders and senior water-right holders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you start making groundwater recharge a beneficial use, what that does is it allows senior water-right holders to start placing vast amounts of water into aquifer storage that downstream junior water-right holders essentially no longer have access to. It really messes up the order of things, including how much people pay for water.[contextly_sidebar id=”ECueFklUwqnkwOFl2tr31v8c74uqibfN”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s say you have a very senior water-right holder and they have a license for maybe 1,000 acre-feet a year. Yet they’re only able to actually use 300 a year, because that’s how much they need for their crops. So they have a right to 700 additional acre-feet, but no place to use it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Upon making groundwater recharge a beneficial use, what you basically allow that senior water-right holder to do is put that extra 700 acre-feet into storage. They can lock that up and keep it underground, and they don’t have to do anything with it. Then all the downstream users don’t have access to it. So something a junior water-right holder might have been getting very cheaply, they suddenly might have to pay a couple hundred dollars an acre-foot or more to get. It reduces the amount of water that might be available, and it changes the cost structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: And what’s the second reason?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ekdahl: The second is that you don’t really need to. I think that’s the more important one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There seems to be the mistaken belief among a lot of water-right users that if you just made groundwater recharge a beneficial use then it would be really easy to get a groundwater storage permit. Yet that’s not really the case. It doesn’t address the things that really fundamentally drive the water-right permitting process – which are whether or not they have done an environmental review and whether or not there is actually water available, as well as the effects on downstream water users and the environment. We still have to address all of those things. So simply making groundwater recharge a beneficial use doesn’t avoid those issues that take a long time to address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other element of this is that when you really look at what people want to use groundwater storage for, we already include those as beneficial uses. Typically, it’s because they want to use it for their irrigation or municipal supply later on. That’s already a beneficial use. You don’t need to create a new type of beneficial use to account for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other issues include what we might call “in situ” beneficial uses, or nonextractive uses. This could include recharging groundwater as a seawater barrier, protection from land subsidence or protecting instream flows. Pollution control could be a beneficial use. Those are all beneficial uses, as well. In fact we have permitted those types of things in the past. The storage itself doesn’t fundamentally affect the aquifer. It’s what use comes out of it after that’s fundamentally important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: What about the goal of achieving sustainability in an aquifer, as required by the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act. Is that a beneficial use?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ekdahl: It could be. I would take a slightly more skeptical view of this idea that we need to recharge an aquifer just to meet that definition in the \u003cspan class=\"caps\">SGMA.\u003c/span> Why are you trying to reach some water level in the aquifer? It’s almost certainly going to be for a number of reasons: That’s the level at which most of your private domestic or municipal wells are at [or] at which subsidence no longer occurs – or to repel salinity. There are all these other issues that would actually drive the need to raise the aquifer level to some point. And those would all be beneficial uses.[contextly_sidebar id=”W4YPLKnbvvxWhPrSK5b62r0uKlZk1krD”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other idea that I think merits a little bit of skepticism is this: If we’re going to raise the level in an aquifer, how realistic is that for most of these \u003cspan class=\"caps\">SGMA\u003c/span>basins? I think that’s a pretty unrealistic goal for many basins. I think what we’re going to see in most \u003cspan class=\"caps\">SGMA\u003c/span> plans is some kind of slow ramp-down to a level that’s lower than what we see today. I think it’s going to be really tough to raise groundwater levels in many of these aquifers without massive, massive changes in pumping rates or water application, or through recharge efforts. The mass balances just don’t work out otherwise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: So if the water board has no plans to change the regulations on beneficial use, what is it doing to encourage more groundwater recharge?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ekdahl: We are working internally to find ways to give better direction to stakeholders and do better outreach. We’ve added information to our website that clarifies examples of in situ uses, and also clarifies that you can use groundwater recharge to mitigate subsidence, support groundwater-dependent ecosystems, protect or enhance groundwater levels. We directly say this on our website now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re going to look in the next couple of months to further clarify nonextractive beneficial uses, and how an applicant might go about applying for a permit. The messaging and communication on that is maybe still a little bit unclear on our end. We do want to work on providing more information to applicants. Maybe it’s more FAQs on our website; maybe it’s more outreach events. But we are working toward it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We think we can permit and accommodate almost any kind of reasonable application that comes to us. We do encourage people to give us a call in advance and talk through why they are trying to recharge groundwater. We’ll tell them about all the different kinds of beneficial uses we can permit, and would be interested in working with the applicant to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I don’t want to make it sound like it’s going to be like buying a ticket at the fair and getting your water right. It’s still going to be a complex process. You still need to complete the California Environmental Quality Act process, go through a public notification process – and you’re likely to get protests, because most water-right applications do. We want these environmental protections in place to make sure we’re preserving instream flows for the environment or to protect senior water-right holders downstream.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1409,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 24
},
"modified": 1704927376,
"excerpt": "Aquifer recharge by itself isn’t enough to win a water diversion permit in California. A more specific benefit is required, and the board is working to ease the process.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Aquifer recharge by itself isn’t enough to win a water diversion permit in California. A more specific benefit is required, and the board is working to ease the process.",
"title": "Why California Law Requires a 'Clear Benefit' for Groundwater Recharge | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Why California Law Requires a 'Clear Benefit' for Groundwater Recharge",
"datePublished": "2018-10-18T11:00:33-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:56:16-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "why-california-law-requires-a-clear-benefit-for-groundwater-recharge",
"status": "publish",
"nprByline": "Matt Weiser\u003cbr />Water Deeply",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Water",
"path": "/science/1933122/why-california-law-requires-a-clear-benefit-for-groundwater-recharge",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Researchers at the University of California recently \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/10/04/is-groundwater-recharge-a-beneficial-use-california-law-says-no\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">highlighted\u003c/a> a flaw in state law that may prohibit diverting streamflow to recharge groundwater. The problem is that groundwater recharge by itself is not considered a “beneficial use” under state law, and meeting that definition is a requirement to obtain a permit to divert water.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials at the State Water Resources Control Board, which oversees water rights, say the reality is not so clear-cut. In fact, existing rules allow most groundwater recharge projects to obtain a water right. It’s just that they may not be awarded that right for the act of recharge by itself. The applicant would have to specifically target some ancillary benefit of recharge, such as salinity control in an aquifer or reversing land subsidence caused by overpumping groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cspan class=\"caps\">U.C.\u003c/span> researchers, among other things, recommended that the water board develop new regulations to clarify that those kinds of nonextractive uses of groundwater are, in fact, a beneficial use. But the water board has no plans to do so, asserting that existing rules are adequate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To explain all this further, Water Deeply recently spoke with Erik Ekdahl, a deputy director in the division of water rights at the state board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: Why isn’t the water board changing the rules to make groundwater recharge a beneficial use?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erik Ekdahl: Two main reasons. The first is that it leads to trouble and potential “cold storage,” for lack of a better term, related to junior water-right holders and senior water-right holders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you start making groundwater recharge a beneficial use, what that does is it allows senior water-right holders to start placing vast amounts of water into aquifer storage that downstream junior water-right holders essentially no longer have access to. It really messes up the order of things, including how much people pay for water.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s say you have a very senior water-right holder and they have a license for maybe 1,000 acre-feet a year. Yet they’re only able to actually use 300 a year, because that’s how much they need for their crops. So they have a right to 700 additional acre-feet, but no place to use it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Upon making groundwater recharge a beneficial use, what you basically allow that senior water-right holder to do is put that extra 700 acre-feet into storage. They can lock that up and keep it underground, and they don’t have to do anything with it. Then all the downstream users don’t have access to it. So something a junior water-right holder might have been getting very cheaply, they suddenly might have to pay a couple hundred dollars an acre-foot or more to get. It reduces the amount of water that might be available, and it changes the cost structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: And what’s the second reason?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ekdahl: The second is that you don’t really need to. I think that’s the more important one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There seems to be the mistaken belief among a lot of water-right users that if you just made groundwater recharge a beneficial use then it would be really easy to get a groundwater storage permit. Yet that’s not really the case. It doesn’t address the things that really fundamentally drive the water-right permitting process – which are whether or not they have done an environmental review and whether or not there is actually water available, as well as the effects on downstream water users and the environment. We still have to address all of those things. So simply making groundwater recharge a beneficial use doesn’t avoid those issues that take a long time to address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other element of this is that when you really look at what people want to use groundwater storage for, we already include those as beneficial uses. Typically, it’s because they want to use it for their irrigation or municipal supply later on. That’s already a beneficial use. You don’t need to create a new type of beneficial use to account for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other issues include what we might call “in situ” beneficial uses, or nonextractive uses. This could include recharging groundwater as a seawater barrier, protection from land subsidence or protecting instream flows. Pollution control could be a beneficial use. Those are all beneficial uses, as well. In fact we have permitted those types of things in the past. The storage itself doesn’t fundamentally affect the aquifer. It’s what use comes out of it after that’s fundamentally important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: What about the goal of achieving sustainability in an aquifer, as required by the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act. Is that a beneficial use?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ekdahl: It could be. I would take a slightly more skeptical view of this idea that we need to recharge an aquifer just to meet that definition in the \u003cspan class=\"caps\">SGMA.\u003c/span> Why are you trying to reach some water level in the aquifer? It’s almost certainly going to be for a number of reasons: That’s the level at which most of your private domestic or municipal wells are at [or] at which subsidence no longer occurs – or to repel salinity. There are all these other issues that would actually drive the need to raise the aquifer level to some point. And those would all be beneficial uses.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other idea that I think merits a little bit of skepticism is this: If we’re going to raise the level in an aquifer, how realistic is that for most of these \u003cspan class=\"caps\">SGMA\u003c/span>basins? I think that’s a pretty unrealistic goal for many basins. I think what we’re going to see in most \u003cspan class=\"caps\">SGMA\u003c/span> plans is some kind of slow ramp-down to a level that’s lower than what we see today. I think it’s going to be really tough to raise groundwater levels in many of these aquifers without massive, massive changes in pumping rates or water application, or through recharge efforts. The mass balances just don’t work out otherwise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: So if the water board has no plans to change the regulations on beneficial use, what is it doing to encourage more groundwater recharge?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ekdahl: We are working internally to find ways to give better direction to stakeholders and do better outreach. We’ve added information to our website that clarifies examples of in situ uses, and also clarifies that you can use groundwater recharge to mitigate subsidence, support groundwater-dependent ecosystems, protect or enhance groundwater levels. We directly say this on our website now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re going to look in the next couple of months to further clarify nonextractive beneficial uses, and how an applicant might go about applying for a permit. The messaging and communication on that is maybe still a little bit unclear on our end. We do want to work on providing more information to applicants. Maybe it’s more FAQs on our website; maybe it’s more outreach events. But we are working toward it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We think we can permit and accommodate almost any kind of reasonable application that comes to us. We do encourage people to give us a call in advance and talk through why they are trying to recharge groundwater. We’ll tell them about all the different kinds of beneficial uses we can permit, and would be interested in working with the applicant to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I don’t want to make it sound like it’s going to be like buying a ticket at the fair and getting your water right. It’s still going to be a complex process. You still need to complete the California Environmental Quality Act process, go through a public notification process – and you’re likely to get protests, because most water-right applications do. We want these environmental protections in place to make sure we’re preserving instream flows for the environment or to protect senior water-right holders downstream.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1933122/why-california-law-requires-a-clear-benefit-for-groundwater-recharge",
"authors": [
"byline_science_1933122"
],
"categories": [
"science_35",
"science_40",
"science_2873",
"science_98"
],
"tags": [
"science_192",
"science_490",
"science_201"
],
"featImg": "science_1933124",
"label": "source_science_1933122"
},
"science_1933109": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1933109",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933109",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1539871822000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1539871822,
"format": "standard",
"title": "EPA Boasts Of Reduced Greenhouse Gases While Trump Questions Climate Science",
"headTitle": "EPA Boasts Of Reduced Greenhouse Gases While Trump Questions Climate Science | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>The Trump administration is celebrating a drop in the nation’s greenhouse gas emissions last year, even as the president himself continues to challenge the scientific understanding of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Environmental Protection Agency says U.S. production of heat-trapping gases was 2.7 percent lower in 2017 than the previous year. Despite the improvement, independent analysts say the country is likely to fall far short of the pollution controls needed to rein in global warming.[contextly_sidebar id=”VTjU6Ienb3mgGQ17idCLv2PVkgjJf7dH”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The trends that are driving the emission reductions that we saw in 2017 were baked in several years before,” said Kate Larsen, who monitors greenhouse gas emissions for the \u003ca href=\"https://rhg.com/research/taking-stock-2018/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rhodium Group\u003c/a>, an independent research firm. “We can’t rely on those trends continuing forever.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the reduction in 2017 came from power plants — traditionally a leading source of carbon pollution. Emissions from the electricity sector fell by 4.5 percent as utilities switched to cheap natural gas and increasingly competitive renewable sources of power. \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=427&t=3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Coal’s share of electricity production\u003c/a> fell to just 30 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These achievements flow largely from technological breakthroughs in the private sector, not the heavy hand of government,” EPA Administrator Andrew Wheeler said in \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/data-shows-decrease-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-during-trumps-first-year-office\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a statement\u003c/a>. Wheeler is a former coal lobbyist and, like President Trump, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/06/626525274/get-to-know-andrew-wheeler-ex-coal-lobbyist-with-inside-track-to-lead-epa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a skeptic when it comes to climate science\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/donald-trump-full-interview-60-minutes-transcript-lesley-stahl-2018-10-14/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>60 Minutes\u003c/em>\u003c/a> that aired this week, Trump disputed the overwhelming scientific consensus that man-made carbon pollution is responsible for global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’d have to show me the scientists because they have a very big political agenda,” the president said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has made a priority of rolling back Obama-era climate policies, including measures designed to cut pollution from power plants and automotive tailpipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The electricity sector has continued to show progress in reducing emissions despite that about-face by the federal government. The abundance of cheap natural gas and falling prices for renewable power have encouraged the switch from dirtier, coal-fired plants. Some states have also required utilities to boost their reliance on greener sources of power.[contextly_sidebar id=”Zz74cMfmjLmakl6pTIO6KQWajbf0Cekx”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trends are less positive in the transportation sector, which has now eclipsed electricity as the leading producer of greenhouse gases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are driving more and because of low gas prices over the last few years, consumers are choosing larger, heavier vehicles,” Larsen said. The Trump administration has also \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/02/598888447/epa-moves-to-weaken-landmark-fuel-efficiency-rules\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">put the brakes on an Obama-era effort to boost fuel economy\u003c/a>, although states like California have threatened to impose their own standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Larsen says at the current pace, U.S. greenhouse gas emissions in 2025 will be about 15 percent below their 2005 levels. That’s far short of the 26 to 28 percent reduction promised under the Paris climate agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump announced his intention to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/01/530748899/watch-live-trump-announces-decision-on-paris-climate-agreement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">withdraw from that agreement\u003c/a> last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If cheap natural gas continues to grab market share, greenhouse gas emissions from the electricity sector could start to climb again after 2025. At that point, gas might not be displacing carbon-intensive coal but rather carbon-free nuclear power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the risk of taking credit for these market trends,” Larsen said. “When those trends push in a direction that’s not useful, no one is taking the blame for that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/ce719c7d6664400cb6b720ba84af2bc2?utm_source=Twitter&utm_medium=AP_Politics&utm_campaign=SocialFlow\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Associated Press\u003c/a> this week, Trump argued that government efforts to further curb carbon pollution could put the U.S. at an economic disadvantage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I’m not willing to do is sacrifice the economic well-being of our country for something that nobody really knows,” Trump said, repeating his false claim that there’s widespread debate on climate science. “I have a natural instinct for science,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=EPA+Boasts+Of+Reduced+Greenhouse+Gases%2C+Even+As+Trump+Questions+Climate+Science&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 657,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 19
},
"modified": 1704927380,
"excerpt": "U.S. production of heat-trapping greenhouse gases fell 2.7 percent last year. But larger cuts will be needed to address climate change.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "U.S. production of heat-trapping greenhouse gases fell 2.7 percent last year. But larger cuts will be needed to address climate change.",
"title": "EPA Boasts Of Reduced Greenhouse Gases While Trump Questions Climate Science | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "EPA Boasts Of Reduced Greenhouse Gases While Trump Questions Climate Science",
"datePublished": "2018-10-18T07:10:22-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:56:20-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "epa-boasts-of-reduced-greenhouse-gases-while-trump-questions-climate-science",
"status": "publish",
"nprApiLink": "http://api.npr.org/query?id=658296161&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004",
"nprByline": "Scott Horsley, NPR",
"nprStoryDate": "Thu, 18 Oct 2018 05:00:29 -0400",
"nprLastModifiedDate": "Thu, 18 Oct 2018 08:42:15 -0400",
"sticky": false,
"nprHtmlLink": "https://www.npr.org/2018/10/18/658296161/epa-boasts-of-reduced-greenhouse-gases-even-as-trump-questions-climate-science?ft=nprml&f=658296161",
"nprImageAgency": "AP",
"nprImageCredit": "Branden Camp",
"source": "Climate Change",
"nprStoryId": "658296161",
"nprRetrievedStory": "1",
"nprPubDate": "Thu, 18 Oct 2018 08:42:00 -0400",
"path": "/science/1933109/epa-boasts-of-reduced-greenhouse-gases-while-trump-questions-climate-science",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Trump administration is celebrating a drop in the nation’s greenhouse gas emissions last year, even as the president himself continues to challenge the scientific understanding of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Environmental Protection Agency says U.S. production of heat-trapping gases was 2.7 percent lower in 2017 than the previous year. Despite the improvement, independent analysts say the country is likely to fall far short of the pollution controls needed to rein in global warming.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The trends that are driving the emission reductions that we saw in 2017 were baked in several years before,” said Kate Larsen, who monitors greenhouse gas emissions for the \u003ca href=\"https://rhg.com/research/taking-stock-2018/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rhodium Group\u003c/a>, an independent research firm. “We can’t rely on those trends continuing forever.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the reduction in 2017 came from power plants — traditionally a leading source of carbon pollution. Emissions from the electricity sector fell by 4.5 percent as utilities switched to cheap natural gas and increasingly competitive renewable sources of power. \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=427&t=3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Coal’s share of electricity production\u003c/a> fell to just 30 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These achievements flow largely from technological breakthroughs in the private sector, not the heavy hand of government,” EPA Administrator Andrew Wheeler said in \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/data-shows-decrease-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-during-trumps-first-year-office\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a statement\u003c/a>. Wheeler is a former coal lobbyist and, like President Trump, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/07/06/626525274/get-to-know-andrew-wheeler-ex-coal-lobbyist-with-inside-track-to-lead-epa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a skeptic when it comes to climate science\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/donald-trump-full-interview-60-minutes-transcript-lesley-stahl-2018-10-14/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>60 Minutes\u003c/em>\u003c/a> that aired this week, Trump disputed the overwhelming scientific consensus that man-made carbon pollution is responsible for global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’d have to show me the scientists because they have a very big political agenda,” the president said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has made a priority of rolling back Obama-era climate policies, including measures designed to cut pollution from power plants and automotive tailpipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The electricity sector has continued to show progress in reducing emissions despite that about-face by the federal government. The abundance of cheap natural gas and falling prices for renewable power have encouraged the switch from dirtier, coal-fired plants. Some states have also required utilities to boost their reliance on greener sources of power.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trends are less positive in the transportation sector, which has now eclipsed electricity as the leading producer of greenhouse gases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are driving more and because of low gas prices over the last few years, consumers are choosing larger, heavier vehicles,” Larsen said. The Trump administration has also \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/02/598888447/epa-moves-to-weaken-landmark-fuel-efficiency-rules\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">put the brakes on an Obama-era effort to boost fuel economy\u003c/a>, although states like California have threatened to impose their own standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Larsen says at the current pace, U.S. greenhouse gas emissions in 2025 will be about 15 percent below their 2005 levels. That’s far short of the 26 to 28 percent reduction promised under the Paris climate agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump announced his intention to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/01/530748899/watch-live-trump-announces-decision-on-paris-climate-agreement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">withdraw from that agreement\u003c/a> last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If cheap natural gas continues to grab market share, greenhouse gas emissions from the electricity sector could start to climb again after 2025. At that point, gas might not be displacing carbon-intensive coal but rather carbon-free nuclear power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the risk of taking credit for these market trends,” Larsen said. “When those trends push in a direction that’s not useful, no one is taking the blame for that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/ce719c7d6664400cb6b720ba84af2bc2?utm_source=Twitter&utm_medium=AP_Politics&utm_campaign=SocialFlow\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Associated Press\u003c/a> this week, Trump argued that government efforts to further curb carbon pollution could put the U.S. at an economic disadvantage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I’m not willing to do is sacrifice the economic well-being of our country for something that nobody really knows,” Trump said, repeating his false claim that there’s widespread debate on climate science. “I have a natural instinct for science,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=EPA+Boasts+Of+Reduced+Greenhouse+Gases%2C+Even+As+Trump+Questions+Climate+Science&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1933109/epa-boasts-of-reduced-greenhouse-gases-while-trump-questions-climate-science",
"authors": [
"byline_science_1933109"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_33",
"science_35",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_1627",
"science_194",
"science_2080",
"science_3514"
],
"featImg": "science_1933110",
"label": "source_science_1933109"
},
"science_1933028": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1933028",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1933028",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1539799208000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1539799208,
"format": "standard",
"title": "Growing Almonds With Little Water. Is it Possible?",
"headTitle": "Growing Almonds With Little Water. Is it Possible? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Much was written during California’s recent five-year drought about the amount of water used by almonds. The nuts have become California’s most lucrative agricultural commodity, and a major export product.[contextly_sidebar id=”Gys31M8YZHJuaL1kDzkM2nYzaKntFeqQ”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long before concerns about water use by almond growers emerged, the industry initiated measures to conserve water by embracing microirrigation systems. It has also become a leader in efforts such as recharging groundwater by flooding almond orchards during winter storms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water required to grow almonds also grows more than nuts. Other materials from the plant – from the tree itself to the nut hull – are used in a variety of products, with initiatives underway to find new uses for these materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To explain these initiatives further, Water Deeply recently interviewed Richard Waycott, president and \u003cspan class=\"caps\">CEO\u003c/span> of the \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"http://www.almonds.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Almond Board of California\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: The almond industry has invested millions of dollars in water efficiency measures. What has this yielded so far and what more are you hoping to learn?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richard Waycott: Many almond growers have farmed in California for generations, and recognize that water is the lifeblood of California and a key component of responsible farming, essential to growing food. The California almond community began investing in water research in 1982 to determine if a then-new irrigation method – microirrigation – could work in almond orchards without negatively impacting yields. Tested via long-term studies across the growing region, the results were positive and, by targeting water applications directly to the trees’ roots instead of uniformly across the field, farmers conserved water and created other operational efficiencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This research has resulted in the wide adoption of microirrigation, which today is used by nearly 80 percent of almond farms. This is almost double the California state average of 42 percent of farms using microirrigation. This has helped almond farmers reduce the amount of water it takes to grow a pound of almonds by 33 percent over the past 20 years.[contextly_sidebar id=”E4oXBtmwgIjoy9mvOpU7kBz6znYNDFlH”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While almond farmers have made great strides in the area of irrigation efficiency, there’s more we can do and are doing. The Almond Irrigation Improvement Continuum, created by irrigation experts, is a roadmap for California almond farmers to accelerate adoption of research-based, water-efficient practices and technology. The continuum provides research-based guidance to improve any farmer’s irrigation efficiency by focusing on five key areas: calculating orchard water requirements, measuring applied water, and monitoring irrigation system performance, soil moisture and plant water status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, to help farmers minimize waste and grow more crop per drop, the Almond Board has developed a free irrigation scheduling tool. Using data from their farms about orchard and irrigation system setup, along with local weather data and other inputs, the calculator generates irrigation schedules including the optimal amount and timing of irrigation. Based on research, this interactive decision-support tool is designed to streamline on-farm decision-making and minimize environmental impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: What role is the almond industry playing in advancing groundwater recharge?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waycott: California’s aquifers are collectively the state’s largest water storage system and are used statewide for drinking water and farming. Overreliance on groundwater means that many of the state’s aquifers are under pressure. To support water sustainability in California, almond farmers are exploring how California’s almond orchards can be leveraged to replenish underground aquifers. On-farm groundwater recharge applies excess winter floodwater to dormant orchards, allowing it to seep down and restore groundwater.[contextly_sidebar id=”fXnXQm58AwRfxzxGL8QCBoJsJGYsBW2E”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water recharged back into those aquifers benefits all Californians, not just farmers. This research is critical to creating more sustainable water resources in California and core to the California almond community’s commitment to continuous improvement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: By your calculations, how much water does it take to grow an almond? And in what other ways is an almond used, besides for the nut itself?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waycott: All food takes water to grow and the water needed to grow an almond tree is similar to that of other fruit and nut trees in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water used to grow an almond actually grows four products: The kernel you eat, which is protected by a hull and a shell, as well as the tree. The trees store carbon and are transformed into electricity at the end of their lives; the shells become livestock bedding; and the hulls are nutritious dairy feed, reducing the water needed to grow other feed crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almond farmers are committed to finding even more innovative new uses of almond coproducts that can support California in creating a genuine bioeconomy where every byproduct is an input for another valuable product. Current research is exploring using almond hull and shell components as growing medium for mushroom cultivation, producing feed sources for poultry, plastic additives for strength and color, soil amendments for almonds and other crops, supplemental winter food sources for honey bees, and even for brewing beer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: Acreage of almonds planted in California has increased in recent years, with some percentage of this replacing annual crops. Is there a point at which, from a market or water standpoint, there’s an unsustainable number of acres?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waycott: Over the past several years, California as a whole has seen increased plantings of perennial crops – things like fruit trees, nuts and vines – which generally have higher associated values than annual crops. While some have suggested that the shift toward higher-value perennial crops has led to an increase in agricultural water use, according to the California Department of Water Resources the total amount of agricultural water has held steady since 2000 and actually declined over a longer period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you take a look at our crop specifically, almonds grow on 17 percent of California’s irrigated farmland, but they use only 11 percent of the water California devotes to growing food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is the most efficient place to grow almonds on the planet. In addition to its ideal Mediterranean climate – essential to growing almonds – California’s Central Valley is home to rich soils, natural resources and infrastructure, and innovative research and technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Economically, California grows more than 80 percent of the world’s almond supply, which creates a comparative advantage, creating value not just for farmers but for Californians as a whole. According to the California Agricultural Issues Center, the California almond community delivers significant economic value to the state, supporting 104,000 jobs across California and contributing $11 billion to California’s \u003cspan class=\"caps\">GDP.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/community/2018/10/15/in-california-prop-3-is-a-billion-dollar-fix-for-stubborn-water-woes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1141,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 24
},
"modified": 1704927381,
"excerpt": "California grows most of the world’s almonds, generating $11 billion annually. We look into what the industry is doing to use less water.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "California grows most of the world’s almonds, generating $11 billion annually. We look into what the industry is doing to use less water.",
"title": "Growing Almonds With Little Water. Is it Possible? | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Growing Almonds With Little Water. Is it Possible?",
"datePublished": "2018-10-17T11:00:08-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-10T14:56:21-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "growing-almonds-with-little-water-is-it-possible",
"status": "publish",
"nprByline": "Daniel Beaulieu\u003cbr />Water Deeply",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Water",
"path": "/science/1933028/growing-almonds-with-little-water-is-it-possible",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Much was written during California’s recent five-year drought about the amount of water used by almonds. The nuts have become California’s most lucrative agricultural commodity, and a major export product.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long before concerns about water use by almond growers emerged, the industry initiated measures to conserve water by embracing microirrigation systems. It has also become a leader in efforts such as recharging groundwater by flooding almond orchards during winter storms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water required to grow almonds also grows more than nuts. Other materials from the plant – from the tree itself to the nut hull – are used in a variety of products, with initiatives underway to find new uses for these materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To explain these initiatives further, Water Deeply recently interviewed Richard Waycott, president and \u003cspan class=\"caps\">CEO\u003c/span> of the \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"http://www.almonds.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Almond Board of California\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: The almond industry has invested millions of dollars in water efficiency measures. What has this yielded so far and what more are you hoping to learn?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richard Waycott: Many almond growers have farmed in California for generations, and recognize that water is the lifeblood of California and a key component of responsible farming, essential to growing food. The California almond community began investing in water research in 1982 to determine if a then-new irrigation method – microirrigation – could work in almond orchards without negatively impacting yields. Tested via long-term studies across the growing region, the results were positive and, by targeting water applications directly to the trees’ roots instead of uniformly across the field, farmers conserved water and created other operational efficiencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This research has resulted in the wide adoption of microirrigation, which today is used by nearly 80 percent of almond farms. This is almost double the California state average of 42 percent of farms using microirrigation. This has helped almond farmers reduce the amount of water it takes to grow a pound of almonds by 33 percent over the past 20 years.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While almond farmers have made great strides in the area of irrigation efficiency, there’s more we can do and are doing. The Almond Irrigation Improvement Continuum, created by irrigation experts, is a roadmap for California almond farmers to accelerate adoption of research-based, water-efficient practices and technology. The continuum provides research-based guidance to improve any farmer’s irrigation efficiency by focusing on five key areas: calculating orchard water requirements, measuring applied water, and monitoring irrigation system performance, soil moisture and plant water status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, to help farmers minimize waste and grow more crop per drop, the Almond Board has developed a free irrigation scheduling tool. Using data from their farms about orchard and irrigation system setup, along with local weather data and other inputs, the calculator generates irrigation schedules including the optimal amount and timing of irrigation. Based on research, this interactive decision-support tool is designed to streamline on-farm decision-making and minimize environmental impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: What role is the almond industry playing in advancing groundwater recharge?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waycott: California’s aquifers are collectively the state’s largest water storage system and are used statewide for drinking water and farming. Overreliance on groundwater means that many of the state’s aquifers are under pressure. To support water sustainability in California, almond farmers are exploring how California’s almond orchards can be leveraged to replenish underground aquifers. On-farm groundwater recharge applies excess winter floodwater to dormant orchards, allowing it to seep down and restore groundwater.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water recharged back into those aquifers benefits all Californians, not just farmers. This research is critical to creating more sustainable water resources in California and core to the California almond community’s commitment to continuous improvement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: By your calculations, how much water does it take to grow an almond? And in what other ways is an almond used, besides for the nut itself?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waycott: All food takes water to grow and the water needed to grow an almond tree is similar to that of other fruit and nut trees in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water used to grow an almond actually grows four products: The kernel you eat, which is protected by a hull and a shell, as well as the tree. The trees store carbon and are transformed into electricity at the end of their lives; the shells become livestock bedding; and the hulls are nutritious dairy feed, reducing the water needed to grow other feed crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almond farmers are committed to finding even more innovative new uses of almond coproducts that can support California in creating a genuine bioeconomy where every byproduct is an input for another valuable product. Current research is exploring using almond hull and shell components as growing medium for mushroom cultivation, producing feed sources for poultry, plastic additives for strength and color, soil amendments for almonds and other crops, supplemental winter food sources for honey bees, and even for brewing beer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Deeply: Acreage of almonds planted in California has increased in recent years, with some percentage of this replacing annual crops. Is there a point at which, from a market or water standpoint, there’s an unsustainable number of acres?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waycott: Over the past several years, California as a whole has seen increased plantings of perennial crops – things like fruit trees, nuts and vines – which generally have higher associated values than annual crops. While some have suggested that the shift toward higher-value perennial crops has led to an increase in agricultural water use, according to the California Department of Water Resources the total amount of agricultural water has held steady since 2000 and actually declined over a longer period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you take a look at our crop specifically, almonds grow on 17 percent of California’s irrigated farmland, but they use only 11 percent of the water California devotes to growing food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is the most efficient place to grow almonds on the planet. In addition to its ideal Mediterranean climate – essential to growing almonds – California’s Central Valley is home to rich soils, natural resources and infrastructure, and innovative research and technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Economically, California grows more than 80 percent of the world’s almond supply, which creates a comparative advantage, creating value not just for farmers but for Californians as a whole. According to the California Agricultural Issues Center, the California almond community delivers significant economic value to the state, supporting 104,000 jobs across California and contributing $11 billion to California’s \u003cspan class=\"caps\">GDP.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/community/2018/10/15/in-california-prop-3-is-a-billion-dollar-fix-for-stubborn-water-woes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1933028/growing-almonds-with-little-water-is-it-possible",
"authors": [
"byline_science_1933028"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_35",
"science_36",
"science_40",
"science_98"
],
"tags": [
"science_205",
"science_192",
"science_1452",
"science_201"
],
"featImg": "science_1933031",
"label": "source_science_1933028"
}
},
"podcastsReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"podcasts": {}
},
"radioProgramsReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"radioPrograms": {}
},
"radioSearchSegmentsReducer": {},
"programsReducer": {
"all-things-considered": {
"id": "all-things-considered",
"title": "All Things Considered",
"info": "Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/all-things-considered"
},
"american-suburb-podcast": {
"id": "american-suburb-podcast",
"title": "American Suburb: The Podcast",
"tagline": "The flip side of gentrification, told through one town",
"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/american-suburb-podcast",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 19
},
"link": "/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"
}
},
"baycurious": {
"id": "baycurious",
"title": "Bay Curious",
"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Bay Curious",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/baycurious",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 3
},
"link": "/podcasts/baycurious",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/9a90d476-aa04-455d-9a4c-0871ed6216d4/bay-curious",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"
}
},
"bbc-world-service": {
"id": "bbc-world-service",
"title": "BBC World Service",
"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/",
"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-the-california-report/id79681292",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/26099305-72af-4542-9dde-ac1807fe36d5/kqed-s-the-california-report",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432285393/the-california-report",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-the-california-report-podcast-8838",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcram/feed/podcast"
}
},
"californiareportmagazine": {
"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Magazine-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report Magazine",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 10
},
"link": "/californiareportmagazine",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/564733126/the-california-report-magazine",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-california-report-magazine",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrmag/feed/podcast"
}
},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
"title": "Close All Tabs",
"tagline": "Your irreverent guide to the trends redefining our world",
"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/CAT_2_Tile-scaled.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Close All Tabs",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 1
},
"link": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/close-all-tabs/id214663465",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC6993880386",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/92d9d4ac-67a3-4eed-b10a-fb45d45b1ef2/close-all-tabs",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/6LAJFHnGK1pYXYzv6SIol6?si=deb0cae19813417c"
}
},
"code-switch-life-kit": {
"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
"airtime": "SUN 9pm-10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"
}
},
"commonwealth-club": {
"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"
}
},
"forum": {
"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/forum",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"
}
},
"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 7pm-8pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
}
},
"here-and-now": {
"id": "here-and-now",
"title": "Here & Now",
"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
"airtime": "MON-THU 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Here-And-Now-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/here-and-now",
"subsdcribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=426698661",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Here--Now-p211/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
}
},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/hidden-brain/id1028908750?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"
}
},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Arts--Culture-Podcasts/How-I-Built-This-p910896/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
}
},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/hyphenaci%C3%B3n/id1191591838",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
"youtube": "https://www.youtube.com/c/kqedarts",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/790253322/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/jerrybrown/feed/podcast/",
"tuneIn": "http://tun.in/pjGcK",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/54C1dmuyFyKMFttY6X2j6r?si=K8SgRCoISNK6ZbjpXrX5-w",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/44420f75-3b0e-4301-ab3b-16da6b09e543/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown"
}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Latino-USA-p621/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201853034&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/APM-Marketplace-p88/",
"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"
}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
}
},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/political-breakdown/id1327641087",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/political-breakdown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/07RVyIjIdk2WDuVehvBMoN",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/political-breakdown/feed/podcast"
}
},
"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
}
},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pri.org/programs/the-world",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "PRI"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pri-the-world",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pris-the-world-latest-edition/id278196007?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/PRIs-The-World-p24/",
"rss": "http://feeds.feedburner.com/pri/theworld"
}
},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
"airtime": "SUN 12am-1am, SAT 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/radiolab1400.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/radiolab/",
"meta": {
"site": "science",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/radiolab",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/radiolab/id152249110?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/RadioLab-p68032/",
"rss": "https://feeds.wnyc.org/radiolab"
}
},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/reveal/id886009669",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Reveal-p679597/",
"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
}
},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Rightnowish-Podcast-Tile-500x500-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Rightnowish with Pendarvis Harshaw",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 16
},
"link": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/721590300/rightnowish",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/rightnowish/feed/podcast",
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/rightnowish/id1482187648",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/rightnowish",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMxMjU5MTY3NDc4",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/7kEJuafTzTVan7B78ttz1I"
}
},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
"airtime": "FRI 11am-1pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Science-Friday-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/science-friday",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/science-friday",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=73329284&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Science-Friday-p394/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/science-friday"
}
},
"snap-judgment": {
"id": "snap-judgment",
"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
"airtime": "SAT 1pm-2pm, 9pm-10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Snap-Judgment-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Snap Judgment",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://snapjudgment.org",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 4
},
"link": "https://snapjudgment.org",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/snap-judgment/id283657561",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/449018144/snap-judgment",
"stitcher": "https://www.pandora.com/podcast/snap-judgment/PC:241?source=stitcher-sunset",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3Cct7ZWmxHNAtLgBTqjC5v",
"rss": "https://snap.feed.snapjudgment.org/"
}
},
"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Sold-Out-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/soldout",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 13
},
"link": "/podcasts/soldout",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/911586047/s-o-l-d-o-u-t-a-new-future-for-housing",
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/introducing-sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america/id1531354937",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/soldout",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/38dTBSk2ISFoPiyYNoKn1X",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america",
"tunein": "https://tunein.com/radio/SOLD-OUT-Rethinking-Housing-in-America-p1365871/"
}
},
"spooked": {
"id": "spooked",
"title": "Spooked",
"tagline": "True-life supernatural stories",
"info": "",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Spooked-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Spooked",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://spookedpodcast.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 7
},
"link": "https://spookedpodcast.org/",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/spooked/id1279361017",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/549547848/snap-judgment-presents-spooked",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/76571Rfl3m7PLJQZKQIGCT",
"rss": "https://feeds.simplecast.com/TBotaapn"
}
},
"tech-nation": {
"id": "tech-nation",
"title": "Tech Nation Radio Podcast",
"info": "Tech Nation is a weekly public radio program, hosted by Dr. Moira Gunn. Founded in 1993, it has grown from a simple interview show to a multi-faceted production, featuring conversations with noted technology and science leaders, and a weekly science and technology-related commentary.",
"airtime": "FRI 10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Tech-Nation-Radio-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://technation.podomatic.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "science",
"source": "Tech Nation Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/tech-nation",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://technation.podomatic.com/rss2.xml"
}
},
"ted-radio-hour": {
"id": "ted-radio-hour",
"title": "TED Radio Hour",
"info": "The TED Radio Hour is a journey through fascinating ideas, astonishing inventions, fresh approaches to old problems, and new ways to think and create.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm, SAT 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/tedRadioHour.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/ted-radio-hour/?showDate=2018-06-22",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/ted-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/8vsS",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=523121474&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/TED-Radio-Hour-p418021/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510298/podcast.xml"
}
},
"thebay": {
"id": "thebay",
"title": "The Bay",
"tagline": "Local news to keep you rooted",
"info": "Host Devin Katayama walks you through the biggest story of the day with reporters and newsmakers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Bay-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Bay",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/thebay",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 2
},
"link": "/podcasts/thebay",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d800ea4c-7a2c-42f2-b861-edaf78a5db0b/the-bay",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/586725995/the-bay",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC8259786327"
}
},
"thelatest": {
"id": "thelatest",
"title": "The Latest",
"tagline": "Trusted local news in real time",
"info": "",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/The-Latest-2025-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Latest",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/thelatest",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 6
},
"link": "/thelatest",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-latest-from-kqed/id1197721799",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/1257949365/the-latest-from-k-q-e-d",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/5KIIXMgM9GTi5AepwOYvIZ?si=bd3053fec7244dba",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9137121918"
}
},
"theleap": {
"id": "theleap",
"title": "The Leap",
"tagline": "What if you closed your eyes, and jumped?",
"info": "Stories about people making dramatic, risky changes, told by award-winning public radio reporter Judy Campbell.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Leap-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Leap",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/theleap",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 17
},
"link": "/podcasts/theleap",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-leap/id1046668171",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/447248267/the-leap",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-leap",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3sSlVHHzU0ytLwuGs1SD1U",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/programs/the-leap/feed/podcast"
}
},
"the-moth-radio-hour": {
"id": "the-moth-radio-hour",
"title": "The Moth Radio Hour",
"info": "Since its launch in 1997, The Moth has presented thousands of true stories, told live and without notes, to standing-room-only crowds worldwide. Moth storytellers stand alone, under a spotlight, with only a microphone and a roomful of strangers. The storyteller and the audience embark on a high-wire act of shared experience which is both terrifying and exhilarating. Since 2008, The Moth podcast has featured many of our favorite stories told live on Moth stages around the country. For information on all of our programs and live events, visit themoth.org.",
"airtime": "SAT 8pm-9pm and SUN 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/theMoth.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://themoth.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "prx"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-moth-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-moth-podcast/id275699983?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/The-Moth-p273888/",
"rss": "http://feeds.themoth.org/themothpodcast"
}
},
"the-new-yorker-radio-hour": {
"id": "the-new-yorker-radio-hour",
"title": "The New Yorker Radio Hour",
"info": "The New Yorker Radio Hour is a weekly program presented by the magazine's editor, David Remnick, and produced by WNYC Studios and The New Yorker. Each episode features a diverse mix of interviews, profiles, storytelling, and an occasional burst of humor inspired by the magazine, and shaped by its writers, artists, and editors. This isn't a radio version of a magazine, but something all its own, reflecting the rich possibilities of audio storytelling and conversation. Theme music for the show was composed and performed by Merrill Garbus of tUnE-YArDs.",
"airtime": "SAT 10am-11am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-New-Yorker-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/tnyradiohour",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-new-yorker-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1050430296",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/New-Yorker-Radio-Hour-p803804/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/newyorkerradiohour"
}
},
"the-sam-sanders-show": {
"id": "the-sam-sanders-show",
"title": "The Sam Sanders Show",
"info": "One of public radio's most dynamic voices, Sam Sanders helped launch The NPR Politics Podcast and hosted NPR's hit show It's Been A Minute. Now, the award-winning host returns with something brand new, The Sam Sanders Show. Every week, Sam Sanders and friends dig into the culture that shapes our lives: what's driving the biggest trends, how artists really think, and even the memes you can't stop scrolling past. Sam is beloved for his way of unpacking the world and bringing you up close to fresh currents and engaging conversations. The Sam Sanders Show is smart, funny and always a good time.",
"airtime": "FRI 12-1pm AND SAT 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/The-Sam-Sanders-Show-Podcast-Tile-400x400-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.kcrw.com/shows/the-sam-sanders-show/latest",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "KCRW"
},
"link": "https://www.kcrw.com/shows/the-sam-sanders-show/latest",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://feed.cdnstream1.com/zjb/feed/download/ac/28/59/ac28594c-e1d0-4231-8728-61865cdc80e8.xml"
}
},
"the-splendid-table": {
"id": "the-splendid-table",
"title": "The Splendid Table",
"info": "\u003cem>The Splendid Table\u003c/em> hosts our nation's conversations about cooking, sustainability and food culture.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Splendid-Table-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.splendidtable.org/",
"airtime": "SUN 10-11 pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-splendid-table"
},
"this-american-life": {
"id": "this-american-life",
"title": "This American Life",
"info": "This American Life is a weekly public radio show, heard by 2.2 million people on more than 500 stations. Another 2.5 million people download the weekly podcast. It is hosted by Ira Glass, produced in collaboration with Chicago Public Media, delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange, and has won all of the major broadcasting awards.",
"airtime": "SAT 12pm-1pm, 7pm-8pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/thisAmericanLife.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.thisamericanlife.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wbez"
},
"link": "/radio/program/this-american-life",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201671138&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"rss": "https://www.thisamericanlife.org/podcast/rss.xml"
}
},
"tinydeskradio": {
"id": "tinydeskradio",
"title": "Tiny Desk Radio",
"info": "We're bringing the best of Tiny Desk to the airwaves, only on public radio.",
"airtime": "SUN 8pm and SAT 9pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/300x300-For-Member-Station-Logo-Tiny-Desk-Radio-@2x.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/g-s1-52030/tiny-desk-radio",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/tinydeskradio",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/g-s1-52030/rss.xml"
}
},
"wait-wait-dont-tell-me": {
"id": "wait-wait-dont-tell-me",
"title": "Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!",
"info": "Peter Sagal and Bill Kurtis host the weekly NPR News quiz show alongside some of the best and brightest news and entertainment personalities.",
"airtime": "SUN 10am-11am, SAT 11am-12pm, SAT 6pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Wait-Wait-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/wait-wait-dont-tell-me/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/wait-wait-dont-tell-me",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/Xogv",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=121493804&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Wait-Wait-Dont-Tell-Me-p46/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/344098539/podcast.xml"
}
},
"weekend-edition-saturday": {
"id": "weekend-edition-saturday",
"title": "Weekend Edition Saturday",
"info": "Weekend Edition Saturday wraps up the week's news and offers a mix of analysis and features on a wide range of topics, including arts, sports, entertainment, and human interest stories. The two-hour program is hosted by NPR's Peabody Award-winning Scott Simon.",
"airtime": "SAT 5am-10am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-saturday/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/weekend-edition-saturday"
},
"weekend-edition-sunday": {
"id": "weekend-edition-sunday",
"title": "Weekend Edition Sunday",
"info": "Weekend Edition Sunday features interviews with newsmakers, artists, scientists, politicians, musicians, writers, theologians and historians. The program has covered news events from Nelson Mandela's 1990 release from a South African prison to the capture of Saddam Hussein.",
"airtime": "SUN 5am-10am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-sunday/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/weekend-edition-sunday"
}
},
"racesReducer": {},
"racesGenElectionReducer": {},
"racesGenElection2026Reducer": {},
"radioSchedulesReducer": {},
"listsReducer": {
"posts/science?category=news": {
"isFetching": false,
"latestQuery": {
"from": 1824,
"size": 12
},
"vitalsOnly": false,
"totalRequested": 12,
"isLoading": false,
"isLoadingMore": true,
"total": {
"value": 3368,
"relation": "eq"
},
"items": [
"science_1933612",
"science_1933231",
"science_1933463",
"science_1933282",
"science_1933363",
"science_1933317",
"science_1933223",
"science_1933064",
"science_1932901",
"science_1933122",
"science_1933109",
"science_1933028"
],
"complete": true
}
},
"recallGuideReducer": {
"intros": {},
"policy": {},
"candidates": {}
},
"savedArticleReducer": {
"articles": [],
"status": {}
},
"newslettersReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"newsletters": {},
"isSubscribing": false,
"isUnsubscribing": false,
"subscribedNewsletters": {}
},
"termsReducer": {
"about": {
"name": "About",
"type": "terms",
"id": "about",
"slug": "about",
"link": "/about",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"arts": {
"name": "Arts & Culture",
"grouping": [
"arts",
"pop",
"trulyca"
],
"description": "KQED Arts provides daily in-depth coverage of the Bay Area's music, art, film, performing arts, literature and arts news, as well as cultural commentary and criticism.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "arts",
"slug": "arts",
"link": "/arts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"artschool": {
"name": "Art School",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "artschool",
"slug": "artschool",
"link": "/artschool",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"bayareabites": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "bayareabites",
"slug": "bayareabites",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"bayareahiphop": {
"name": "Bay Area Hiphop",
"type": "terms",
"id": "bayareahiphop",
"slug": "bayareahiphop",
"link": "/bayareahiphop",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"campaign21": {
"name": "Campaign 21",
"type": "terms",
"id": "campaign21",
"slug": "campaign21",
"link": "/campaign21",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"careers": {
"name": "Careers",
"type": "terms",
"id": "careers",
"slug": "careers",
"link": "/careers",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"checkplease": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "checkplease",
"slug": "checkplease",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"education": {
"name": "Education",
"grouping": [
"education"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "education",
"slug": "education",
"link": "/education",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"elections": {
"name": "Elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "elections",
"slug": "elections",
"link": "/elections",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"events": {
"name": "Events",
"type": "terms",
"id": "events",
"slug": "events",
"link": "/events",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"event": {
"name": "Event",
"alias": "events",
"type": "terms",
"id": "event",
"slug": "event",
"link": "/event",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"filmschoolshorts": {
"name": "Film School Shorts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "filmschoolshorts",
"slug": "filmschoolshorts",
"link": "/filmschoolshorts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"food": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "food",
"slug": "food",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"forum": {
"name": "Forum",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/forum?",
"parent": "news",
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum",
"slug": "forum",
"link": "/forum",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"futureofyou": {
"name": "Future of You",
"grouping": [
"science",
"futureofyou"
],
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou",
"slug": "futureofyou",
"link": "/futureofyou",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"jpepinheart": {
"name": "KQED food",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/food,bayareabites,checkplease",
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "jpepinheart",
"slug": "jpepinheart",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"liveblog": {
"name": "Live Blog",
"type": "terms",
"id": "liveblog",
"slug": "liveblog",
"link": "/liveblog",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"livetv": {
"name": "Live TV",
"parent": "tv",
"type": "terms",
"id": "livetv",
"slug": "livetv",
"link": "/livetv",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"lowdown": {
"name": "The Lowdown",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/lowdown?",
"parent": "news",
"type": "terms",
"id": "lowdown",
"slug": "lowdown",
"link": "/lowdown",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"mindshift": {
"name": "Mindshift",
"parent": "news",
"description": "MindShift explores the future of education by highlighting the innovative – and sometimes counterintuitive – ways educators and parents are helping all children succeed.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "mindshift",
"slug": "mindshift",
"link": "/mindshift",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"news": {
"name": "News",
"grouping": [
"news",
"forum"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "news",
"slug": "news",
"link": "/news",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"newsletters": {
"name": "newsletters",
"type": "terms",
"id": "newsletters",
"slug": "newsletters",
"link": "/newsletters",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"perspectives": {
"name": "Perspectives",
"parent": "radio",
"type": "terms",
"id": "perspectives",
"slug": "perspectives",
"link": "/perspectives",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"podcasts": {
"name": "Podcasts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "podcasts",
"slug": "podcasts",
"link": "/podcasts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"pop": {
"name": "Pop",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "pop",
"slug": "pop",
"link": "/pop",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"pressroom": {
"name": "Pressroom",
"type": "terms",
"id": "pressroom",
"slug": "pressroom",
"link": "/pressroom",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"quest": {
"name": "Quest",
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest",
"slug": "quest",
"link": "/quest",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"radio": {
"name": "Radio",
"grouping": [
"forum",
"perspectives"
],
"description": "Listen to KQED Public Radio – home of Forum and The California Report – on 88.5 FM in San Francisco, 89.3 FM in Sacramento, 88.3 FM in Santa Rosa and 88.1 FM in Martinez.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "radio",
"slug": "radio",
"link": "/radio",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"root": {
"name": "KQED",
"image": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"imageWidth": 1200,
"imageHeight": 630,
"headData": {
"title": "KQED | News, Radio, Podcasts, TV | Public Media for Northern California",
"description": "KQED provides public radio, television, and independent reporting on issues that matter to the Bay Area. We’re the NPR and PBS member station for Northern California."
},
"type": "terms",
"id": "root",
"slug": "root",
"link": "/root",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"science": {
"name": "Science",
"grouping": [
"science",
"futureofyou"
],
"description": "KQED Science brings you award-winning science and environment coverage from the Bay Area and beyond.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "science",
"slug": "science",
"link": "/science",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"stateofhealth": {
"name": "State of Health",
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "stateofhealth",
"slug": "stateofhealth",
"link": "/stateofhealth",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"support": {
"name": "Support",
"type": "terms",
"id": "support",
"slug": "support",
"link": "/support",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"thedolist": {
"name": "The Do List",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "thedolist",
"slug": "thedolist",
"link": "/thedolist",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"trulyca": {
"name": "Truly CA",
"grouping": [
"arts",
"pop",
"trulyca"
],
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "trulyca",
"slug": "trulyca",
"link": "/trulyca",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"tv": {
"name": "TV",
"type": "terms",
"id": "tv",
"slug": "tv",
"link": "/tv",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"voterguide": {
"name": "Voter Guide",
"parent": "elections",
"alias": "elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "voterguide",
"slug": "voterguide",
"link": "/voterguide",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"guiaelectoral": {
"name": "Guia Electoral",
"parent": "elections",
"alias": "elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "guiaelectoral",
"slug": "guiaelectoral",
"link": "/guiaelectoral",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"science_category_news": {
"isLoading": true
},
"science_40": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_40",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "40",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "News",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "News Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 42,
"slug": "news",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/news"
},
"source_science_1933612": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1933612",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Climate",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1933231": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1933231",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Events",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1933282": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1933282",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Election 2018",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1933223": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1933223",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Environment",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1933064": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1933064",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Geology",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1932901": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1932901",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Climate Change",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1933122": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1933122",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Water",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1933109": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1933109",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Climate Change",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1933028": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1933028",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Water",
"isLoading": false
},
"science_31": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_31",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "31",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Climate",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Climate Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 33,
"slug": "climate",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/climate"
},
"science_35": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_35",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "35",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Environment",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Environment Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 37,
"slug": "environment",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/environment"
},
"science_3514": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3514",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3514",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Trump Administration",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Trump Administration Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3514,
"slug": "trump-administration",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/trump-administration"
},
"science_28": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_28",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "28",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Astronomy",
"description": "Explore the universe with KQED Science! Dive into the latest astronomy news, discover celestial events, and unravel the mysteries of outer space.",
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": "Explore the universe with KQED Science! Dive into the latest astronomy news, discover celestial events, and unravel the mysteries of outer space.",
"title": "Astronomy Articles | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 30,
"slug": "astronomy",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/astronomy"
},
"science_30": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_30",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "30",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Biology",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Biology Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 32,
"slug": "biology",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/biology"
},
"science_29": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_29",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "29",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Chemistry",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Chemistry Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 31,
"slug": "chemistry",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/chemistry"
},
"science_32": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_32",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "32",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Education",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Education Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 34,
"slug": "education",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/education"
},
"science_89": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_89",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "89",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Engineering",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Engineering Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 92,
"slug": "engineering",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/engineering"
},
"science_37": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_37",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "37",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Events",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Events Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 39,
"slug": "events",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/events"
},
"science_3424": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3424",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3424",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "KQED Future of You",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "KQED Future of You Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3424,
"slug": "kqed-future-of-you",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/kqed-future-of-you"
},
"science_2873": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2873",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2873",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Oceans",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Oceans Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2873,
"slug": "oceans",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/oceans"
},
"science_1073": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_1073",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1073",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "astronomy",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "astronomy Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1081,
"slug": "astronomy-2",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/astronomy-2"
},
"science_855": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_855",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "855",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "events",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "events Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 861,
"slug": "events-2",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/events-2"
},
"science_3370": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3370",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3370",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "featured",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "featured Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3370,
"slug": "featured",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/featured"
},
"science_672": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_672",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "672",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "physics",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "physics Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 678,
"slug": "physics-2",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/physics-2"
},
"science_309": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_309",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "309",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "science",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "science Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 314,
"slug": "science",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/science"
},
"science_39": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_39",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "39",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Health",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Health Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 41,
"slug": "health",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/health"
},
"science_5198": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5198",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5198",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Monsanto",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Monsanto Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5198,
"slug": "monsanto",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/monsanto"
},
"science_5376": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5376",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5376",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"name": "Science Podcast",
"slug": "science-podcast",
"taxonomy": "program",
"description": null,
"featImg": null,
"headData": {
"title": "Science Podcast | KQED Science",
"description": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogDescription": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"twDescription": null,
"twImgId": null
},
"ttid": 5376,
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/program/science-podcast"
},
"science_33": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_33",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "33",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Energy",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Energy Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 35,
"slug": "energy",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/energy"
},
"science_5141": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5141",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5141",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Podcast",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Podcast Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5141,
"slug": "podcast",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/podcast"
},
"science_3423": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3423",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3423",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Science Podcast",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"socialTitle": "Bay Area Science: Stories & Insights with KQED's Science Podcasts",
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": "Our captivating podcasts take you on a journey through the Bay Area's vibrant scientific landscape. Discover groundbreaking research & hear expert insights.",
"title": "Bay Area Science: Stories & Insights with KQED's Science Podcasts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3423,
"slug": "science-podcast",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/science-podcast"
},
"science_2006": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2006",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2006",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "election",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "election Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2017,
"slug": "election",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/election"
},
"science_813": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_813",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "813",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "news",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "news Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 820,
"slug": "news-2",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/news-2"
},
"science_194": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_194",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "194",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "climate change",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "climate change Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 198,
"slug": "climate-change",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/climate-change"
},
"science_192": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_192",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "192",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "environment",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "environment Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 196,
"slug": "environment-2",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/environment-2"
},
"science_3301": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3301",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3301",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "fossil fuels",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "fossil fuels Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3301,
"slug": "fossil-fuels",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/fossil-fuels"
},
"science_556": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_556",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "556",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "global warming",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "global warming Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 562,
"slug": "global-warming",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/global-warming"
},
"science_98": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_98",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "98",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Water",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Water Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 102,
"slug": "water",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/water"
},
"science_201": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_201",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "201",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "water",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "water Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 205,
"slug": "water-2",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/water-2"
},
"science_38": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_38",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "38",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Geology",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Geology Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 40,
"slug": "geology",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/geology"
},
"science_74": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_74",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "74",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "earth",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "earth Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 77,
"slug": "earth",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/earth"
},
"science_257": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_257",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "257",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "earthquake",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "earthquake Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 261,
"slug": "earthquake",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/earthquake"
},
"science_654": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_654",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "654",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "hayward fault",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "hayward fault Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 660,
"slug": "hayward-fault",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/hayward-fault"
},
"science_1864": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_1864",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1864",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "seismic",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "seismic Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1875,
"slug": "seismic",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/seismic"
},
"science_2874": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2874",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2874",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Animals",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Animals Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2874,
"slug": "animals",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/animals"
},
"science_1120": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_1120",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1120",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "animals",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "animals Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1128,
"slug": "animals",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/animals"
},
"science_896": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_896",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "896",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Bees",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Bees Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 903,
"slug": "bees",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/bees"
},
"science_157": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_157",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "157",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "insects",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "insects Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 161,
"slug": "insects",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/insects"
},
"science_490": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_490",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "490",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "groundwater",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "groundwater Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 496,
"slug": "groundwater",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/groundwater"
},
"science_1627": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_1627",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1627",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "carbon emissions",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "carbon emissions Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1636,
"slug": "carbon-emissions",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/carbon-emissions"
},
"science_2080": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2080",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2080",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "EPA",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "EPA Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2091,
"slug": "epa",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/epa"
},
"science_36": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_36",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "36",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Food",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Food Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 38,
"slug": "food",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/food"
},
"science_205": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_205",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "205",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "conservation",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "conservation Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 209,
"slug": "conservation",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/conservation"
},
"science_1452": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_1452",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1452",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "farming",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "farming Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1461,
"slug": "farming",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/farming"
}
},
"userPermissionsReducer": {
"wpLoggedIn": false
},
"eventsReducer": {},
"fssReducer": {},
"tvDailyScheduleReducer": {},
"tvWeeklyScheduleReducer": {},
"tvPrimetimeScheduleReducer": {},
"tvMonthlyScheduleReducer": {},
"userAccountReducer": {
"user": {
"email": null,
"emailStatus": "EMAIL_UNVALIDATED",
"loggedStatus": "LOGGED_OUT",
"loggingChecked": false,
"articles": [],
"firstName": null,
"lastName": null,
"phoneNumber": null,
"fetchingMembership": false,
"membershipError": false,
"memberships": [
{
"id": null,
"startDate": null,
"firstName": null,
"lastName": null,
"familyNumber": null,
"memberNumber": null,
"memberSince": null,
"expirationDate": null,
"pfsEligible": false,
"isSustaining": false,
"membershipLevel": "Prospect",
"membershipStatus": "Non Member",
"lastGiftDate": null,
"renewalDate": null,
"lastDonationAmount": null
}
]
},
"authModal": {
"isOpen": false,
"view": "LANDING_VIEW"
},
"error": null
},
"youthMediaReducer": {},
"checkPleaseReducer": {
"filterData": {
"region": {
"key": "Restaurant Region",
"filters": [
"Any Region"
]
},
"cuisine": {
"key": "Restaurant Cuisine",
"filters": [
"Any Cuisine"
]
}
},
"restaurantDataById": {},
"restaurantIdsSorted": [],
"error": null
},
"userAgentReducer": {
"userAgent": "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)",
"isBot": true
}
}
