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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13037\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/01/Sprinkler.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13037\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/01/Sprinkler.jpg\" alt=\"Proposed rules from state water regulators would limit outdoor watering by homeowners. (Craig Miller/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Proposed rules from state water regulators would limit outdoor watering by homeowners. (Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California water officials, confronting the possibility that the state’s drought will continue into a fourth year, are proposing a strict set of new regulations that would bar residential water users from hosing down sidewalks and overwatering their lawns. Violation of the new rules could carry penalties of $500 per violation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regulations were unveiled Wednesday in Sacramento by Felicia Marcus, chair of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">State Water Resources Control Board\u003c/a>. She said the severity of the current drought, now in its third year, makes it imperative to crack down on wasteful water use.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"doc_18562\" class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"//www.scribd.com/embeds/233265512/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&show_recommendations=false\" width=\"60%\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" align=\"alignright\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are going to see hundreds of thousands of acres of field fallowed this year,” Marcus said during a conference call with reporters. “Thousands of people out of work. We have communities struggling for water, and bathing out of buckets. We have creeks and rivers running dry. And fish and wildlife is also going to be suffering. We also don’t know when it’s going to rain again.. but it’s prudent to act as if it won’t.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water board could adopt the new rules as early as next week. Under \u003ca href=\"http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/waterrights/water_issues/programs/drought/docs/emergency_regulations/proposed_emergency_regulations_urban_water_conservation_drought.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the proposed regulations\u003c/a>, each of the following actions would be prohibited:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>(1) The application of water to outdoor landscapes in a manner that causes runoff\u003cbr>\nsuch that water flows onto adjacent property, non-irrigated areas, private and public\u003cbr>\nwalkways, roadways, parking lots, or structures;\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(2) The use of a hose to wash an automobile, except where the hose is fitted with\u003cbr>\na shut-off nozzle or device attached to it that causes it to cease dispensing water\u003cbr>\nimmediately when not in use;\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(3) The application of water to any hard surface, including but not limited to\u003cbr>\ndriveways, sidewalks, and asphalt; and\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(4) The use of potable water in a fountain or other decorative water feature,\u003cbr>\nexcept where the water is part of a recirculating system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(b) The taking of any action prohibited in subdivision (a) of this section is an\u003cbr>\ninfraction, punishable by a fine of up to five hundred dollars ($500) for each day in which\u003cbr>\nthe violation occurs\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The water board’s proposal gives local water agencies — for instance, the Santa Clara Valley Water District, the East Bay Municipal Utility District and the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission — leeway to impose and enforce their own water-conservation rules. Urbandistricts would get 30 days to impose outdoor irrigation restrictions, either limiting outside watering to two days a week or taking “comparable measures.” The districts would also be required to file monthly reports on per capita water use among customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to take the lightest touch we can to get the point across,” Marcus said. She added that the water board wants to give “direction to the public about what we as members of the community really ought to be doing to help our fellows.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steven Ritchie, assistant general manager of the SFPUC’s water operation, told KQED’s Mina Kim that the state’s proposed restrictions “are good things to do” given the severity of the drought and that they’re similar to measures the agency has already considered. He said his agency will weigh how to enforce the new rules and could adopt a system in which customers get warnings for first violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That would be consistent with a lot of other things, even regular police and speeding,” Ritchie said. “Lots of times warnings are given instead of actual penalties. I think we’ll want to be sure the punishment fits the crime.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marcus said the state is acting now because the voluntary cuts that Gov. Jerry Brown and local water districts have called for have fallen far short of their goals. Brown called for a 20 percent reduction target earlier this year. But a water board report last month said that actual water savings over the previous three years have ranged from 10 percent in the Sacramento region to 2 percent in the Bay Area to 0 percent on the Central Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco water system has set a 10 percent voluntary conservation target for the 2.5 million people it serves, which include residents of the city, most of the Peninsula and parts of southern Alameda County. The SFPUC’s Ritchie says customers are starting to conserve more. He said systemwide water use last week was 234 million gallons, down from 272 million gallons a year ago — a 16 percent reduction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think people are starting to get the message,” Ritchie said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Mina Kim spoke to Paul Rogers, managing editor of KQED Science, about the emergency regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/158036788&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Below:\u003c/strong> \u003cem>The Associated Press’s Thursday night report on the state water board’s proposal: \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Don Thompson\u003cbr>\nAssociated Press\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wasting water outdoors amid the state’s drought will begin hitting Californians in the wallet under get-tough restrictions being proposed by state regulators, with fines of up to $500 a day for overwatering front lawns or washing a car without a shut-off nozzle on the hose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">State Water Resources Control Board\u003c/a> next week is scheduled to consider draft emergency regulations made public Tuesday. The rules are intended to put teeth into conservation efforts that so far have produced disappointing results.\u003cbr>\nMost of the regulations are aimed at reducing outdoor water use in cities and towns, which the board said accounts in some areas for more than half of residents’ daily water use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regulations would prohibit overwatering of lawns and landscaping that causes runoff onto sidewalks or streets, washing sidewalks, driveways and other hard surfaces, using a hose to wash a vehicle unless the hose has a shut-off nozzle and using drinking water in a fountain or decorative water feature unless the water is recirculated.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘We’re not doing standards here that say you have to kill your lawn. … It just means, think about it.’\u003ccite>— Felicia Marcus,\u003cbr>\nWater Resources Control Board\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Violations would be infractions punishable by fines of up to $500 a day, and tickets could be written by any public employee empowered to enforce laws. While $500 is the daily maximum, most cities are likely to have a sliding scale that starts with a warning and builds for repeat violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are in a drought of historic proportions,” board Chairwoman Felicia Marcus said. “Many urban water users don’t realize how bad this drought is. They’re not seeing the communities that are actually running out of water. … They don’t see the streams and creeks running dry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the board adopts the regulations after hearing comments during a July 15 public meeting in Sacramento, the rules would take effect immediately and remain in effect for nine months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They do not target indoor water use, such as doing the laundry or dishes, although some individual cities and water districts have asked or required their users to reduce overall water consumption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marcus said the restrictions to be considered next week represent what the water board considers the minimal level of conservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not doing standards here that say you have to kill your lawn,” Marcus said. “It doesn’t mean you can’t take a shower. … It just means, think about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the board might consider additional steps as the drought continues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the proposed rules, urban water agencies would have to implement their water-shortage contingency plans to require mandatory restrictions on outdoor water use, if they have not done so already.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water agencies without such a plan would have to act within 30 days to require their residents to restrict outdoor irrigation to no more than two days each week or take other mandatory steps to conserve the same amount of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water agencies that do not comply could face fines up to $10,000 each day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The generally obscure State Water Resources Control Board is assuming a more high-profile role during California’s drought, which has left some communities scrambling for drinking water and led to thousands of farm acres being fallowed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board usually regulates such things as wastewater and irrigation discharges to rivers and the ocean, as well as any activity that changes a waterway or harms water quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the board’s five members, who are appointed by the governor, are acting under Gov. Jerry Brown’s emergency drought proclamation in January and a related executive order in April, as well as drought legislation he signed in March. Last week, for example, the board adopted a different set of emergency regulations that will accelerate enforcement of orders prohibiting some junior water rights holders from diverting water from rivers and streams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The additional restrictions the board will consider next week were proposed after a recent survey of water suppliers serving 25 million Californians showed that current voluntary and mandatory conservation efforts had resulted in just a 5 percent decline in use through May. Brown is seeking a 20 percent reduction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survey found 30 percent of water suppliers had imposed mandatory restrictions that include limits on outdoor irrigation, washing vehicles and filling ornamental fountains and swimming pools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water use already was down the last three years because of dry conditions and poor economic conditions, and the survey found a significant reduction this May compared with the previous three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly all those who responded said they had increased their conservation outreach, while 40 percent had increased their enforcement and monitoring. Two-thirds of the suppliers are requesting 20 percent water conservation, and 7 percent changed their water rates in response to the drought.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13037\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/01/Sprinkler.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13037\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/01/Sprinkler.jpg\" alt=\"Proposed rules from state water regulators would limit outdoor watering by homeowners. (Craig Miller/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Proposed rules from state water regulators would limit outdoor watering by homeowners. (Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California water officials, confronting the possibility that the state’s drought will continue into a fourth year, are proposing a strict set of new regulations that would bar residential water users from hosing down sidewalks and overwatering their lawns. Violation of the new rules could carry penalties of $500 per violation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regulations were unveiled Wednesday in Sacramento by Felicia Marcus, chair of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">State Water Resources Control Board\u003c/a>. She said the severity of the current drought, now in its third year, makes it imperative to crack down on wasteful water use.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"doc_18562\" class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"//www.scribd.com/embeds/233265512/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&show_recommendations=false\" width=\"60%\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" align=\"alignright\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are going to see hundreds of thousands of acres of field fallowed this year,” Marcus said during a conference call with reporters. “Thousands of people out of work. We have communities struggling for water, and bathing out of buckets. We have creeks and rivers running dry. And fish and wildlife is also going to be suffering. We also don’t know when it’s going to rain again.. but it’s prudent to act as if it won’t.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water board could adopt the new rules as early as next week. Under \u003ca href=\"http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/waterrights/water_issues/programs/drought/docs/emergency_regulations/proposed_emergency_regulations_urban_water_conservation_drought.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the proposed regulations\u003c/a>, each of the following actions would be prohibited:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>(1) The application of water to outdoor landscapes in a manner that causes runoff\u003cbr>\nsuch that water flows onto adjacent property, non-irrigated areas, private and public\u003cbr>\nwalkways, roadways, parking lots, or structures;\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(2) The use of a hose to wash an automobile, except where the hose is fitted with\u003cbr>\na shut-off nozzle or device attached to it that causes it to cease dispensing water\u003cbr>\nimmediately when not in use;\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(3) The application of water to any hard surface, including but not limited to\u003cbr>\ndriveways, sidewalks, and asphalt; and\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(4) The use of potable water in a fountain or other decorative water feature,\u003cbr>\nexcept where the water is part of a recirculating system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(b) The taking of any action prohibited in subdivision (a) of this section is an\u003cbr>\ninfraction, punishable by a fine of up to five hundred dollars ($500) for each day in which\u003cbr>\nthe violation occurs\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The water board’s proposal gives local water agencies — for instance, the Santa Clara Valley Water District, the East Bay Municipal Utility District and the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission — leeway to impose and enforce their own water-conservation rules. Urbandistricts would get 30 days to impose outdoor irrigation restrictions, either limiting outside watering to two days a week or taking “comparable measures.” The districts would also be required to file monthly reports on per capita water use among customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to take the lightest touch we can to get the point across,” Marcus said. She added that the water board wants to give “direction to the public about what we as members of the community really ought to be doing to help our fellows.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steven Ritchie, assistant general manager of the SFPUC’s water operation, told KQED’s Mina Kim that the state’s proposed restrictions “are good things to do” given the severity of the drought and that they’re similar to measures the agency has already considered. He said his agency will weigh how to enforce the new rules and could adopt a system in which customers get warnings for first violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That would be consistent with a lot of other things, even regular police and speeding,” Ritchie said. “Lots of times warnings are given instead of actual penalties. I think we’ll want to be sure the punishment fits the crime.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marcus said the state is acting now because the voluntary cuts that Gov. Jerry Brown and local water districts have called for have fallen far short of their goals. Brown called for a 20 percent reduction target earlier this year. But a water board report last month said that actual water savings over the previous three years have ranged from 10 percent in the Sacramento region to 2 percent in the Bay Area to 0 percent on the Central Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco water system has set a 10 percent voluntary conservation target for the 2.5 million people it serves, which include residents of the city, most of the Peninsula and parts of southern Alameda County. The SFPUC’s Ritchie says customers are starting to conserve more. He said systemwide water use last week was 234 million gallons, down from 272 million gallons a year ago — a 16 percent reduction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think people are starting to get the message,” Ritchie said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Mina Kim spoke to Paul Rogers, managing editor of KQED Science, about the emergency regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/158036788&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Below:\u003c/strong> \u003cem>The Associated Press’s Thursday night report on the state water board’s proposal: \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Don Thompson\u003cbr>\nAssociated Press\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wasting water outdoors amid the state’s drought will begin hitting Californians in the wallet under get-tough restrictions being proposed by state regulators, with fines of up to $500 a day for overwatering front lawns or washing a car without a shut-off nozzle on the hose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">State Water Resources Control Board\u003c/a> next week is scheduled to consider draft emergency regulations made public Tuesday. The rules are intended to put teeth into conservation efforts that so far have produced disappointing results.\u003cbr>\nMost of the regulations are aimed at reducing outdoor water use in cities and towns, which the board said accounts in some areas for more than half of residents’ daily water use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regulations would prohibit overwatering of lawns and landscaping that causes runoff onto sidewalks or streets, washing sidewalks, driveways and other hard surfaces, using a hose to wash a vehicle unless the hose has a shut-off nozzle and using drinking water in a fountain or decorative water feature unless the water is recirculated.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘We’re not doing standards here that say you have to kill your lawn. … It just means, think about it.’\u003ccite>— Felicia Marcus,\u003cbr>\nWater Resources Control Board\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Violations would be infractions punishable by fines of up to $500 a day, and tickets could be written by any public employee empowered to enforce laws. While $500 is the daily maximum, most cities are likely to have a sliding scale that starts with a warning and builds for repeat violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are in a drought of historic proportions,” board Chairwoman Felicia Marcus said. “Many urban water users don’t realize how bad this drought is. They’re not seeing the communities that are actually running out of water. … They don’t see the streams and creeks running dry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the board adopts the regulations after hearing comments during a July 15 public meeting in Sacramento, the rules would take effect immediately and remain in effect for nine months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They do not target indoor water use, such as doing the laundry or dishes, although some individual cities and water districts have asked or required their users to reduce overall water consumption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marcus said the restrictions to be considered next week represent what the water board considers the minimal level of conservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not doing standards here that say you have to kill your lawn,” Marcus said. “It doesn’t mean you can’t take a shower. … It just means, think about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the board might consider additional steps as the drought continues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the proposed rules, urban water agencies would have to implement their water-shortage contingency plans to require mandatory restrictions on outdoor water use, if they have not done so already.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water agencies without such a plan would have to act within 30 days to require their residents to restrict outdoor irrigation to no more than two days each week or take other mandatory steps to conserve the same amount of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water agencies that do not comply could face fines up to $10,000 each day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The generally obscure State Water Resources Control Board is assuming a more high-profile role during California’s drought, which has left some communities scrambling for drinking water and led to thousands of farm acres being fallowed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board usually regulates such things as wastewater and irrigation discharges to rivers and the ocean, as well as any activity that changes a waterway or harms water quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the board’s five members, who are appointed by the governor, are acting under Gov. Jerry Brown’s emergency drought proclamation in January and a related executive order in April, as well as drought legislation he signed in March. Last week, for example, the board adopted a different set of emergency regulations that will accelerate enforcement of orders prohibiting some junior water rights holders from diverting water from rivers and streams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The additional restrictions the board will consider next week were proposed after a recent survey of water suppliers serving 25 million Californians showed that current voluntary and mandatory conservation efforts had resulted in just a 5 percent decline in use through May. Brown is seeking a 20 percent reduction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survey found 30 percent of water suppliers had imposed mandatory restrictions that include limits on outdoor irrigation, washing vehicles and filling ornamental fountains and swimming pools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water use already was down the last three years because of dry conditions and poor economic conditions, and the survey found a significant reduction this May compared with the previous three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly all those who responded said they had increased their conservation outreach, while 40 percent had increased their enforcement and monitoring. Two-thirds of the suppliers are requesting 20 percent water conservation, and 7 percent changed their water rates in response to the drought.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>Drakes Bay Oyster Co. workers harvest strings of oysters on Schooner Bay near Point Reyes. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Federal government lawyers are expected to discuss a plan for “the prompt and orderly wind-down” of Drakes Bay Oyster Co. operations at Point Reyes National Seashore — marking the possible end of a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/07/07/drakes-bay-oyster-company-kevin-lunny-fights-closure-order\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"rssmi_more\" rel=\"noopener\">…Read More\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/07/07/drakes-bay-oyster-company-kevin-lunny-fights-closure-order\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Government Pursue ‘Prompt Wind-Down’ of Drakes Bay Oyster Co.\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsfix – Environment\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>Drakes Bay Oyster Co. workers harvest strings of oysters on Schooner Bay near Point Reyes. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Federal government lawyers are expected to discuss a plan for “the prompt and orderly wind-down” of Drakes Bay Oyster Co. operations at Point Reyes National Seashore — marking the possible end of a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/07/07/drakes-bay-oyster-company-kevin-lunny-fights-closure-order\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"rssmi_more\" rel=\"noopener\">…Read More\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/07/07/drakes-bay-oyster-company-kevin-lunny-fights-closure-order\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Government Pursue ‘Prompt Wind-Down’ of Drakes Bay Oyster Co.\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsfix – Environment\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "How Efficient Is Your Sprinkler?",
"headTitle": "How Efficient Is Your Sprinkler? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18975\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/IMG_0728-1024x768.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18975 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/IMG_0728-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"The Department of Water Resources and UC Davis held a training for landscapers in Walnut Creek. They did a demonstration on measuring the precipitation rate of a sprinkler system. (Sally Schilling)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Department of Water Resources and UC Davis held a training for landscapers in Walnut Creek. The workshop included a demonstration on how to tell whether your sprinkler is delivering more water than the soil can absorb. (Sally Schilling/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What’s better: water your lawn for 20 minutes, or water your lawn for four minutes, five times a day? If you think it doesn’t make a difference, think again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State water conservation experts say the clay soil predominant in the Bay Area can’t absorb water as fast as some sprinklers put it out—and that’s your opportunity to save water and money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Landscaping makes up half the water bill for most homeowners, according to \u003ca href=\"http://ccuh.ucdavis.edu/drought\">researchers at University of California, Davis\u003c/a>. And it’s often the most wasteful piece of the water picture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a recent \u003ca href=\"http://ccuh.ucdavis.edu/events/industry/get-ahead-workshop/riverside/Get%20Ahead%20or%20Get%20Parched\">state-sponsored workshop\u003c/a> on how to conserve water in yards and gardens, trainer Jim Borneman handed around a high aerial photo showing a lawn that was being watered for so long, water was pouring out across the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we can see your runoff from a space shuttle, it’s a problem,” Borneman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most landscapes are over-watered by about 50 percent, according to water conservationist Scott Sommerfeld with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebmud.com/\">East Bay Municipal Utility District\u003c/a>, and some are over-watered by as much as 400 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sommerfeld, who spoke at the workshop about how to interpret your water bill, said most customers he talks to don’t really know how much water they’re using, even though EBMUD prints a “water budget” on bills for irrigation customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The answer is right there, and nobody seems to look at that,” he said. “There’s a huge opportunity [to save] in irrigation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘If we can see your runoff from a space shuttle, it’s a problem.’\u003ccite>— Jim Borneman, water conservation trainer\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.water.ca.gov/\">Department of Water Resources\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://ccuh.ucdavis.edu/\">UC Davis Center for Urban Horticulture\u003c/a> are \u003ca href=\"http://ccuh.ucdavis.edu/drought\">holding trainings\u003c/a> across the state for landscapers and homeowners to make their watering systems more efficient. The workshops are held in English and Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Landscapers for government, commercial and private properties attended a recent workshop in Walnut Creek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residential landscape designer Robert Dye came to learn how to maintain his clients’ yards in Contra Costa County, where the water district has requested a that customers \u003ca href=\"http://www.ccwater.com/customerservice/drought2.asp\">voluntarily reduce water use by 15 percent\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody’s trying to keep their yards alive and survive this mess,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trainer Jim Borneman, who works with \u003ca href=\"http://www.ewing1.com/\">Ewing Irrigation and Landscape Products\u003c/a>, led a sold-out session for about 100 landscapers, demonstrating how to measure the precipitation rate of a sprinkler system and check to be sure it’s watering evenly. He said landscapers want to learn how to conserve water, because their livelihoods depend upon it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18976\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 312px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/IMG_0699-216x162.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18976 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/IMG_0699-216x162.jpg\" alt=\"Jamie Bayona (left) with Ewing Irrigation, helps Gerry Vinson (middle), a landscape architect for California State Parks, measure the precipitation from a sprinkler system. (Sally Schilling)\" width=\"312\" height=\"244\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jamie Bayona with Ewing Irrigation, helps Gerry Vinson, a landscape architect for California State Parks, measure the precipitation from a sprinkler system. (Sally Schilling/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A dead lawn doesn’t need to be mowed,” Borneman said, “and the gardener who used to take care of that has to look for employment elsewhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Borneman emphasized that spray-head sprinklers should never run for more than four minutes at a time, because clay soil can only absorb so much water. Handing around photos of sprinklers irrigating lawns and showing the excess water pooling on the sidewalk, Borneman said sprinklers should run on several timed cycles throughout the day, in order to avoid runoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Matching application rates to soil intake rates—that’s what we have to do,” he told the audience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the minimal equipment needed to ensure your lawn is watered evenly, forty to fifty percent of sprinkler systems have never been checked for water pressure and spacing of the sprinklers, Borneman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Davis’ \u003ca href=\"http://ccuh.ucdavis.edu/drought\">landscaping resources page\u003c/a> offers tips for everyone from home gardeners to professionals.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18975\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/IMG_0728-1024x768.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18975 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/IMG_0728-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"The Department of Water Resources and UC Davis held a training for landscapers in Walnut Creek. They did a demonstration on measuring the precipitation rate of a sprinkler system. (Sally Schilling)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Department of Water Resources and UC Davis held a training for landscapers in Walnut Creek. The workshop included a demonstration on how to tell whether your sprinkler is delivering more water than the soil can absorb. (Sally Schilling/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What’s better: water your lawn for 20 minutes, or water your lawn for four minutes, five times a day? If you think it doesn’t make a difference, think again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State water conservation experts say the clay soil predominant in the Bay Area can’t absorb water as fast as some sprinklers put it out—and that’s your opportunity to save water and money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Landscaping makes up half the water bill for most homeowners, according to \u003ca href=\"http://ccuh.ucdavis.edu/drought\">researchers at University of California, Davis\u003c/a>. And it’s often the most wasteful piece of the water picture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a recent \u003ca href=\"http://ccuh.ucdavis.edu/events/industry/get-ahead-workshop/riverside/Get%20Ahead%20or%20Get%20Parched\">state-sponsored workshop\u003c/a> on how to conserve water in yards and gardens, trainer Jim Borneman handed around a high aerial photo showing a lawn that was being watered for so long, water was pouring out across the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we can see your runoff from a space shuttle, it’s a problem,” Borneman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most landscapes are over-watered by about 50 percent, according to water conservationist Scott Sommerfeld with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebmud.com/\">East Bay Municipal Utility District\u003c/a>, and some are over-watered by as much as 400 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sommerfeld, who spoke at the workshop about how to interpret your water bill, said most customers he talks to don’t really know how much water they’re using, even though EBMUD prints a “water budget” on bills for irrigation customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The answer is right there, and nobody seems to look at that,” he said. “There’s a huge opportunity [to save] in irrigation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘If we can see your runoff from a space shuttle, it’s a problem.’\u003ccite>— Jim Borneman, water conservation trainer\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.water.ca.gov/\">Department of Water Resources\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://ccuh.ucdavis.edu/\">UC Davis Center for Urban Horticulture\u003c/a> are \u003ca href=\"http://ccuh.ucdavis.edu/drought\">holding trainings\u003c/a> across the state for landscapers and homeowners to make their watering systems more efficient. The workshops are held in English and Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Landscapers for government, commercial and private properties attended a recent workshop in Walnut Creek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residential landscape designer Robert Dye came to learn how to maintain his clients’ yards in Contra Costa County, where the water district has requested a that customers \u003ca href=\"http://www.ccwater.com/customerservice/drought2.asp\">voluntarily reduce water use by 15 percent\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody’s trying to keep their yards alive and survive this mess,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trainer Jim Borneman, who works with \u003ca href=\"http://www.ewing1.com/\">Ewing Irrigation and Landscape Products\u003c/a>, led a sold-out session for about 100 landscapers, demonstrating how to measure the precipitation rate of a sprinkler system and check to be sure it’s watering evenly. He said landscapers want to learn how to conserve water, because their livelihoods depend upon it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18976\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 312px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/IMG_0699-216x162.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18976 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/IMG_0699-216x162.jpg\" alt=\"Jamie Bayona (left) with Ewing Irrigation, helps Gerry Vinson (middle), a landscape architect for California State Parks, measure the precipitation from a sprinkler system. (Sally Schilling)\" width=\"312\" height=\"244\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jamie Bayona with Ewing Irrigation, helps Gerry Vinson, a landscape architect for California State Parks, measure the precipitation from a sprinkler system. (Sally Schilling/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A dead lawn doesn’t need to be mowed,” Borneman said, “and the gardener who used to take care of that has to look for employment elsewhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Borneman emphasized that spray-head sprinklers should never run for more than four minutes at a time, because clay soil can only absorb so much water. Handing around photos of sprinklers irrigating lawns and showing the excess water pooling on the sidewalk, Borneman said sprinklers should run on several timed cycles throughout the day, in order to avoid runoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Matching application rates to soil intake rates—that’s what we have to do,” he told the audience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the minimal equipment needed to ensure your lawn is watered evenly, forty to fifty percent of sprinkler systems have never been checked for water pressure and spacing of the sprinklers, Borneman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Davis’ \u003ca href=\"http://ccuh.ucdavis.edu/drought\">landscaping resources page\u003c/a> offers tips for everyone from home gardeners to professionals.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/author/drew/\" rel=\"noopener\">Drew Jaffe\u003c/a>, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/\" rel=\"noopener\">Berkeleyside\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>Students at John Muir Elementary sort for composting and recycling, but more Berkeley residents need to recycle in order for the city to meet its 2020 zero waste goal. Photo: Green Schools Initiative\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://www.cityofberkeley.info/uploadedFiles/Auditor/Level_3_-_General/A%202_RPTwithCouncilRpt_Zero%20Waste_Final.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">recent audit\u003c/a> of several City of Berkeley departments has \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/07/07/Berkeley-Struggling-To-Reach-Zero-Waste-Goal-by-2020/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"rssmi_more\" rel=\"noopener\">…Read More\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/07/07/Berkeley-Struggling-To-Reach-Zero-Waste-Goal-by-2020/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Berkeley Struggling To Reach Zero Waste Goal by 2020\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsfix – Environment\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/author/drew/\" rel=\"noopener\">Drew Jaffe\u003c/a>, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/\" rel=\"noopener\">Berkeleyside\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\u003cp>Students at John Muir Elementary sort for composting and recycling, but more Berkeley residents need to recycle in order for the city to meet its 2020 zero waste goal. Photo: Green Schools Initiative\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://www.cityofberkeley.info/uploadedFiles/Auditor/Level_3_-_General/A%202_RPTwithCouncilRpt_Zero%20Waste_Final.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">recent audit\u003c/a> of several City of Berkeley departments has \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/07/07/Berkeley-Struggling-To-Reach-Zero-Waste-Goal-by-2020/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"rssmi_more\" rel=\"noopener\">...Read More\u003c/a>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/author/drew/\" rel=\"noopener\">Drew Jaffe\u003c/a>, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/\" rel=\"noopener\">Berkeleyside\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>Students at John Muir Elementary sort for composting and recycling, but more Berkeley residents need to recycle in order for the city to meet its 2020 zero waste goal. Photo: Green Schools Initiative\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://www.cityofberkeley.info/uploadedFiles/Auditor/Level_3_-_General/A%202_RPTwithCouncilRpt_Zero%20Waste_Final.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">recent audit\u003c/a> of several City of Berkeley departments has \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/07/07/Berkeley-Struggling-To-Reach-Zero-Waste-Goal-by-2020/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"rssmi_more\" rel=\"noopener\">…Read More\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/07/07/Berkeley-Struggling-To-Reach-Zero-Waste-Goal-by-2020/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Berkeley Struggling To Reach Zero Waste Goal by 2020\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsfix – Environment\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "New Way to Save Endangered Species: Make Predators Puke",
"headTitle": "New Way to Save Endangered Species: Make Predators Puke | KQED",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"audio-wrap\">\n\u003ch2>Listen:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2014/07/20140707science.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19041\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/DSC01412.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-19041\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/DSC01412.jpg\" alt=\"Fake marbled murrelet eggs being put out by a California State Parks field team. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fake marbled murrelet eggs with a rude surprise inside. The patch of velcro helps the California State Parks field team attach the eggs to tree branches. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Scientists in California state parks are using an unconventional strategy to save an endangered bird: food poisoning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marbled murrelets are rare seabirds that nest only in old-growth redwood trees on the West Coast. Their eggs are a favorite food item for another bird: Steller’s jays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an effort to teach jays not to eat murrelet eggs, researchers are putting out “mimic eggs” containing an unpleasant surprise: a chemical that makes jays vomit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decoy eggs are painted to look like a marbled murrelet egg. “They’re just chicken eggs,” says Portia Halbert, an environmental scientist with \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/\">California State Parks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hiking in a quiet redwood forest, Halbert spots one of the blue eggs with black spots on the ground in \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=536\">Butano State Park\u003c/a>, about an hour south of San Francisco. She picks it up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was knocked off the tree likely by a bird,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19044\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/Juvenile_Marbled_Murrelet2.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-19044\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/Juvenile_Marbled_Murrelet2.jpg\" alt=\"A juvenile marbled murrelet. The birds spend most of their time at sea, but nest in old-growth redwood trees. (US Fish and Wildlife Service)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A juvenile marbled murrelet. The birds are mostly at sea, but nest in old-growth redwood trees. (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A small amount of the chemical Carbocal inside the egg is enough to give any jay tummy trouble. The idea is that jays will learn to avoid murrelet eggs, much like a person might stay away from a restaurant after getting food poisoning there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Murrelet Populations Have Plummeted\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The creative approach came about because marbled murrelets are so challenging to save. They’re secretive, spending most of their time out at sea, diving for fish. Scientists \u003ca href=\"http://www.calacademy.org/exhibits/california_hotspot/habitat_redwoods_marbled_murrelet.htm\">didn’t know they nested in redwood trees\u003c/a> until 1974. The birds usually lay just one egg a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Murrelet populations have plummeted because much of their habitat has disappeared. Ninety-five percent of California’s old-growth redwood forests have been logged. At the same time, Steller’s jay populations have boomed in state parks, thanks to the crumbs left behind in picnic areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve got people on the edge of the park with backyard bird feeders and then you also have increased availability of food from park visitors,” Halbert says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California State Parks has set up a new program to control trash from visitors. The experimental decoy eggs are also looking promising. In a controlled lab study at Humboldt State University done by Pia Gabriel and Richard Golightly, the jays seemed to alter their behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Seventy-five percent of the birds that had been exposed to the eggs refused to eat them again,” Halbert says. “That’s a real success story.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Halbert’s field team is putting out 1,400 fake eggs this spring and summer in three parks. It’s the third year of the project. But the danger of outwitting a jay is that the bird can outwit you back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Einsteins of the Bird World\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ravens, crows, jays – they’re really, really smart,” says Elena West, a researcher at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and fellow researcher Harrison Jones have captured a blue and black Steller’s jay at a campsite in Butano State Park. They’re studying hundreds of jays in the area in an effort to learn how their behavior changes around people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coaxing so many study subjects into nets isn’t easy. “They know our tricks,” says West. “We’ve glued Cheetos to plates. We’ve glued peanuts to plates. We’ve had to devise unique ways of catching these guys over the years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19046\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/2013_Butano-State-Park_Gabriel-Golightly-Halbert-2.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-19046\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/2013_Butano-State-Park_Gabriel-Golightly-Halbert-2.jpg\" alt=\"A Steller's jay investigates a fake murrelet egg at Butano State Park, captured by a remote camera. (Image: Pia Gabriel, Richard Golightly & Portia Halbert)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Steller’s jay investigates a fake murrelet egg at Butano State Park, captured by a remote camera. (Courtesy of Pia Gabriel, Richard Golightly and Portia Halbert)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Working with the Einsteins of the bird world is a doubled-edged sword, West says. The jays are fast learners and may actually remember that murrelet eggs taste bad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But real murrelet nests are hundreds of feet up a redwood tree, higher than the decoy eggs are being placed. The jays might figure out they only need to avoid the eggs down low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To really help murrelets, the behavior change may have to come from people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>West’s blood and feather samples show the jays rely on human food for up to half of their diet, especially during the summer camping season. Researcher Harrison Jones says the birds actually stake out territories near the busiest campsites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’ll come down and do a song and dance for campers when they arrive at the campgrounds to try to get them to feed them,” says Jones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19048\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/DSC01431.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-19048\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/DSC01431.jpg\" alt=\"Elena West measured the wing of a captured Steller's jay at Butano State Park. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elena West measures the wing of a captured Steller’s jay at Butano State Park. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lawsuit Over Camping\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Concerns over the decline of murrelets prompted the Center for Biological Diversity, a non-profit advocacy group, \u003ca href=\"http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/news/press_releases/2013/marbled-murrelet-06-19-2013.html\">to file a lawsuit last year\u003c/a> against California State Parks, saying the agency wasn’t doing enough to protect the endangered birds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most visitors to the park would be very upset to know that their trash was pushing these birds, these amazing seabirds closer to extinction,” says the Center’s Shaye Wolf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolf’s group wanted to see campgrounds in several state parks moved out of redwood forests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The camping in those parks is concentrated in the heart of the best nesting habitat for murrelets and this is a highly endangered population,” Wolf says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/news/press_releases/2014/marbled-murrelet-03-11-2014.html\">lawsuit settlement\u003c/a> requires a trash control program be put in place. It includes new sealed trash cans and a “Keep It Crumb Clean” public education campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The big question is whether 2,000 campers in Big Basin State Park on a busy weekend located in the best nesting murrelet habitat – if that is workable,” says Wolf. “And we’ll find that out over the next five to ten years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California State Parks is hoping that trash control, along with the stomach-turning decoy eggs, will be enough to do the job.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19041\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/DSC01412.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-19041\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/DSC01412.jpg\" alt=\"Fake marbled murrelet eggs being put out by a California State Parks field team. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fake marbled murrelet eggs with a rude surprise inside. The patch of velcro helps the California State Parks field team attach the eggs to tree branches. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Scientists in California state parks are using an unconventional strategy to save an endangered bird: food poisoning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marbled murrelets are rare seabirds that nest only in old-growth redwood trees on the West Coast. Their eggs are a favorite food item for another bird: Steller’s jays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an effort to teach jays not to eat murrelet eggs, researchers are putting out “mimic eggs” containing an unpleasant surprise: a chemical that makes jays vomit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decoy eggs are painted to look like a marbled murrelet egg. “They’re just chicken eggs,” says Portia Halbert, an environmental scientist with \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/\">California State Parks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hiking in a quiet redwood forest, Halbert spots one of the blue eggs with black spots on the ground in \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=536\">Butano State Park\u003c/a>, about an hour south of San Francisco. She picks it up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was knocked off the tree likely by a bird,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19044\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/Juvenile_Marbled_Murrelet2.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-19044\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/Juvenile_Marbled_Murrelet2.jpg\" alt=\"A juvenile marbled murrelet. The birds spend most of their time at sea, but nest in old-growth redwood trees. (US Fish and Wildlife Service)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A juvenile marbled murrelet. The birds are mostly at sea, but nest in old-growth redwood trees. (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A small amount of the chemical Carbocal inside the egg is enough to give any jay tummy trouble. The idea is that jays will learn to avoid murrelet eggs, much like a person might stay away from a restaurant after getting food poisoning there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Murrelet Populations Have Plummeted\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The creative approach came about because marbled murrelets are so challenging to save. They’re secretive, spending most of their time out at sea, diving for fish. Scientists \u003ca href=\"http://www.calacademy.org/exhibits/california_hotspot/habitat_redwoods_marbled_murrelet.htm\">didn’t know they nested in redwood trees\u003c/a> until 1974. The birds usually lay just one egg a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Murrelet populations have plummeted because much of their habitat has disappeared. Ninety-five percent of California’s old-growth redwood forests have been logged. At the same time, Steller’s jay populations have boomed in state parks, thanks to the crumbs left behind in picnic areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve got people on the edge of the park with backyard bird feeders and then you also have increased availability of food from park visitors,” Halbert says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California State Parks has set up a new program to control trash from visitors. The experimental decoy eggs are also looking promising. In a controlled lab study at Humboldt State University done by Pia Gabriel and Richard Golightly, the jays seemed to alter their behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Seventy-five percent of the birds that had been exposed to the eggs refused to eat them again,” Halbert says. “That’s a real success story.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Halbert’s field team is putting out 1,400 fake eggs this spring and summer in three parks. It’s the third year of the project. But the danger of outwitting a jay is that the bird can outwit you back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Einsteins of the Bird World\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ravens, crows, jays – they’re really, really smart,” says Elena West, a researcher at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and fellow researcher Harrison Jones have captured a blue and black Steller’s jay at a campsite in Butano State Park. They’re studying hundreds of jays in the area in an effort to learn how their behavior changes around people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coaxing so many study subjects into nets isn’t easy. “They know our tricks,” says West. “We’ve glued Cheetos to plates. We’ve glued peanuts to plates. We’ve had to devise unique ways of catching these guys over the years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19046\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/2013_Butano-State-Park_Gabriel-Golightly-Halbert-2.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-19046\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/2013_Butano-State-Park_Gabriel-Golightly-Halbert-2.jpg\" alt=\"A Steller's jay investigates a fake murrelet egg at Butano State Park, captured by a remote camera. (Image: Pia Gabriel, Richard Golightly & Portia Halbert)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Steller’s jay investigates a fake murrelet egg at Butano State Park, captured by a remote camera. (Courtesy of Pia Gabriel, Richard Golightly and Portia Halbert)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Working with the Einsteins of the bird world is a doubled-edged sword, West says. The jays are fast learners and may actually remember that murrelet eggs taste bad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But real murrelet nests are hundreds of feet up a redwood tree, higher than the decoy eggs are being placed. The jays might figure out they only need to avoid the eggs down low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To really help murrelets, the behavior change may have to come from people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>West’s blood and feather samples show the jays rely on human food for up to half of their diet, especially during the summer camping season. Researcher Harrison Jones says the birds actually stake out territories near the busiest campsites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’ll come down and do a song and dance for campers when they arrive at the campgrounds to try to get them to feed them,” says Jones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19048\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/DSC01431.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-19048\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/DSC01431.jpg\" alt=\"Elena West measured the wing of a captured Steller's jay at Butano State Park. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elena West measures the wing of a captured Steller’s jay at Butano State Park. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lawsuit Over Camping\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Concerns over the decline of murrelets prompted the Center for Biological Diversity, a non-profit advocacy group, \u003ca href=\"http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/news/press_releases/2013/marbled-murrelet-06-19-2013.html\">to file a lawsuit last year\u003c/a> against California State Parks, saying the agency wasn’t doing enough to protect the endangered birds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most visitors to the park would be very upset to know that their trash was pushing these birds, these amazing seabirds closer to extinction,” says the Center’s Shaye Wolf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolf’s group wanted to see campgrounds in several state parks moved out of redwood forests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The camping in those parks is concentrated in the heart of the best nesting habitat for murrelets and this is a highly endangered population,” Wolf says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/news/press_releases/2014/marbled-murrelet-03-11-2014.html\">lawsuit settlement\u003c/a> requires a trash control program be put in place. It includes new sealed trash cans and a “Keep It Crumb Clean” public education campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The big question is whether 2,000 campers in Big Basin State Park on a busy weekend located in the best nesting murrelet habitat – if that is workable,” says Wolf. “And we’ll find that out over the next five to ten years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California State Parks is hoping that trash control, along with the stomach-turning decoy eggs, will be enough to do the job.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Lance Williams\u003c/strong>, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://cironline.org/\" rel=\"noopener\">The Center for Investigative Reporting\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>Former San Francisco Chief Trial Deputy Joanne Hoeper (Courtesy of Joanne Hoeper)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>San Francisco city officials steered millions in public funds to a handful of plumbing companies for unneeded repairs of private sewer lines, a former top lawyer in the city attorney’s office \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/07/03/-san-francisco-city-attorney-sewer-payment-case/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"rssmi_more\" rel=\"noopener\">…Read More\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/07/03/-san-francisco-city-attorney-sewer-payment-case/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"S.F. Lawyer Claims She Was Fired for Investigating Suspected Payment Scam\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsfix – Environment\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Lance Williams\u003c/strong>, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://cironline.org/\" rel=\"noopener\">The Center for Investigative Reporting\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\u003cp>Former San Francisco Chief Trial Deputy Joanne Hoeper (Courtesy of Joanne Hoeper)\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>San Francisco city officials steered millions in public funds to a handful of plumbing companies for unneeded repairs of private sewer lines, a former top lawyer in the city attorney's office \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/07/03/-san-francisco-city-attorney-sewer-payment-case/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"rssmi_more\" rel=\"noopener\">...Read More\u003c/a>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Lance Williams\u003c/strong>, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://cironline.org/\" rel=\"noopener\">The Center for Investigative Reporting\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>Former San Francisco Chief Trial Deputy Joanne Hoeper (Courtesy of Joanne Hoeper)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>San Francisco city officials steered millions in public funds to a handful of plumbing companies for unneeded repairs of private sewer lines, a former top lawyer in the city attorney’s office \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/07/03/-san-francisco-city-attorney-sewer-payment-case/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"rssmi_more\" rel=\"noopener\">…Read More\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/07/03/-san-francisco-city-attorney-sewer-payment-case/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"S.F. Lawyer Claims She Was Fired for Investigating Suspected Payment Scam\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsfix – Environment\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "As California Drought Deepens, Those With Water Can Sell at a High Price",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By \u003ca href=\"http://www.twitter.com/garanceburke\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Garance Burke\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nAssociated Press\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>Folsom Lake, east of Sacramento, pictured in January as it reached its winter low. (Dan Brekke/KQED)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Throughout California’s desperately dry Central Valley, those with water to spare are cashing in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a third drought year forces farmers to fallow fields and lay off workers, two water districts \u003ca class=\"rssmi_more\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/07/02/california-drought-water-sales/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">…Read More\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca title=\"As California Drought Deepens, Those With Water Can Sell at a High Price\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/07/02/california-drought-water-sales/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsfix – Environment\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By \u003ca href=\"http://www.twitter.com/garanceburke\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Garance Burke\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nAssociated Press\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>Folsom Lake, east of Sacramento, pictured in January as it reached its winter low. (Dan Brekke/KQED)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Throughout California’s desperately dry Central Valley, those with water to spare are cashing in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a third drought year forces farmers to fallow fields and lay off workers, two water districts \u003ca class=\"rssmi_more\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/07/02/california-drought-water-sales/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">…Read More\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca title=\"As California Drought Deepens, Those With Water Can Sell at a High Price\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/07/02/california-drought-water-sales/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Newsfix – Environment\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18422\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18422\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS3535_IMG_4245-scr-e1402709630380.jpg\" alt=\"Oracle's headquarters in Redwood Shores is built on landfill in an area that was once marsh. (Molly Samuel/KQED with aerial support from LightHawk)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oracle’s headquarters in Redwood Shores is built on landfill in an area that was once marsh. (Molly Samuel/KQED with aerial support from LightHawk)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rising seas will likely lead to unprecedented flooding along parts of California’s coast within 20-60 years, according to new research by Climate Central.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driven by climate change, global sea levels have already risen several inches over the past century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To help people learn about flooding risks in their communities, \u003ca href=\"http://ss2.climatecentral.org/index.html#9/37.7631/-122.0856?show=satellite&level=3&pois=show\">Climate Central\u003c/a> has released a new version of an online tool that explores flood risks by zip code.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using an interactive map, Bay Area residents can zoom in on their region to find out if flooding will impact their homes as well as nearby schools, power plants, and hospitals. The “\u003ca href=\"http://sealevel.climatecentral.org/\">Surging Seas\u003c/a>” website includes an interactive map, graphics, and other information to help people better understand the potential risks of sea level rise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The online tool also highlights who will be affected by severe flooding. Ngoc Nguyen of \u003ca href=\"http://newamericamedia.org/news/environment/sea-level-rise/index.php\">New America Media\u003c/a>, which collaborated on the interactive tool, says that low-income and communities of color will be most impacted by sea level rise. “We found that communities are responding, but there is a dangerous information gap about sea level rise and policies to address it among impacted ethnic communities,” says Nguyen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the map below, you can adjust the blue water level slider to see how rising water will affect coastal land. But don’t crank the slider up to 10 just yet. According to Dr. Ben Strauss of Climate Central, setting the water level to 3 feet will give a more realistic view of Bay Area flooding risks in the next few decades. Zoom in on San Mateo County and you can see how it could be ground zero for flooding in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: 0px;width: 100%;height: 530px\" src=\"http://ss2.climatecentral.org/widget.html#9/37.7631/-122.0856?show=satellite&level=3&pois=show\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using projected sea level rise and historic storm data, Climate Central’s research found that floods would reach greater than 3 feet above the high tide line every year by 2060 at study sites from San Diego to Los Angeles, and by 2070 in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Strauss, the interactive map should not be taken as a specific prediction of what is to come, but rather as an indication of future flood risk. Drawing on data from more than 10 federal agencies, Climate Central is creating tools for every coastal state in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the map below, you can adjust the blue water level slider to see how rising water will affect coastal land. But don’t crank the slider up to 10 just yet. According to Dr. Ben Strauss of Climate Central, setting the water level to 3 feet will give a more realistic view of Bay Area flooding risks in the next few decades. Zoom in on San Mateo County and you can see how it could be ground zero for flooding in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: 0px;width: 100%;height: 530px\" src=\"http://ss2.climatecentral.org/widget.html#9/37.7631/-122.0856?show=satellite&level=3&pois=show\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using projected sea level rise and historic storm data, Climate Central’s research found that floods would reach greater than 3 feet above the high tide line every year by 2060 at study sites from San Diego to Los Angeles, and by 2070 in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Strauss, the interactive map should not be taken as a specific prediction of what is to come, but rather as an indication of future flood risk. Drawing on data from more than 10 federal agencies, Climate Central is creating tools for every coastal state in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California Drought Dries Up Honey Supply",
"headTitle": "California Drought Dries Up Honey Supply | KQED",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"audio-wrap\">\n\u003ch2>Listen:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2014/06/20140616science.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Alice Daniel\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18342\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10813_Honey-Drought-007-hpf-e1402618479319.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18342\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10813_Honey-Drought-007-hpf-e1402618479319.jpg\" alt=\"A beekeeper for Bradshaw Honey Farm wears protective clothing to check the health of the bees. The bees don't have enough wildflowers to make honey. Instead, owner David Bradshaw is just trying to keep his bees alive.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beekeeper Chris DePrada wears protective clothing to check the health of the bees for Bradshaw Honey Farm.(Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These are hard times for honeybees; colonies are collapsing for reasons ranging from pesticides to parasites. And with this year’s pitiful rainfall in California, bees are facing another plight: There’s a lot less natural forage to make honey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Second-generation beekeeper David Bradshaw pulls his truck up alongside wooden boxes of beehives on a farm outside the Central Valley town of Visalia. Soon, a loud mechanical sound – some would say a beekeeper’s buzz kill – drowns out the lively drone of bees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a pump,” explains Bradshaw. His hungry insects aren’t getting enough natural nectar, so Bradshaw has to feed them. “It sucks the syrup blend out of that tank, and pumps it into that garden hose. Then we go from hive to hive and fill up these little feeders here. They hold about a gallon of syrup.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18406\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10821_Honey-Drought-015-hpf.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18406\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10821_Honey-Drought-015-hpf.jpg\" alt=\"Beekeeper Angel Corona feeds the bees a sweet syrup to keep them from starving during the summer at Bradshaw Honey Farm. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beekeeper Angel Corona feeds the bees a sweet syrup to keep them from starving during the summer at Bradshaw Honey Farm. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bradshaw will spend about $80,000 on artificial nectar this summer just to keep his colonies from starving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a normal year, Bradshaw takes his bees to hills laden with wildflowers. But this year, those hills are bone dry and they look barren. Plants are mostly dormant, and that means the natural nectar production line is shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When wildflowers do bloom, they make nectar from sugar and water. Bees use the nectar to make honey. But a drought means less water, less nectar and less honey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Bradshaw is keeping his bees on the valley floor. In addition to the syrup, he’s feeding them a doughy protein supplement: soy flour, brewer’s yeast, vitamins and minerals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18343\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10825_Honey-Drought-020-hpf.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18343 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10825_Honey-Drought-020-hpf.jpg\" alt=\"Beekeeper David Bradshaw feeds his bees a doughy protein supplement in addition to a sugary syrup. Bradshaw says he'll spend about $80,000 to feed his bees this summer. Typically he would take them to hills laden with wildflowers but this year those hills are bone dry because of the drought. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The protein supplement that beekeeper David Bradshaw feeds his bees sits on top of a hive. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s good enough to keep the bees going, but it’s no substitute for the nectar used to make honey. That’s one reason Bradshaw sent 700 of his hives to Kansas, to feast on bee pastures there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We just load them up on a semi truck and send them off,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s like sending his kids off to summer camp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I worry! If they run into some bad weather where it gets too hot,” Bradshaw says. “You don’t want to be stuck on the side of the road in a broken truck with a bunch of angry bees in there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘You can tell the bees are hungry.’ \u003ccite>— David Bradshaw, Beekeeper\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Bradshaw’s been keeping bees for 40 years. His 3,800 hives typically produce about 250 barrels of honey a year. In the past three years, because of the drought and lack of wildflower nectar, his bees have been producing one-tenth of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can tell the bees are hungry,” Bradshaw says. “They’re all over the truck. If there was nectar available, they wouldn’t even be around the truck. They smell the syrup there so they’re all over it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His bees fed, Bradshaw gets back in his truck. As he drives over a bridge spanning an empty riverbed, he says small packers from Santa Cruz to Ojai have called him begging for honey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Especially the more exotic honeys like sage honey or buckwheat honey,” he says. “Even alfalfa honey is gonna be in very, very short supply this year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crops like alfalfa and cotton are less abundant this year because there’s not enough water to irrigate them. So beekeepers are leaning heavily on one crop: oranges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beekeeper Steve Godlin watches the sticky orange blossom honey move slowly down a chute at his warehouse outside the little town of Exeter, not far from the Sierra foothills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He points to the production line where the wax gets separated from the honey and the honey gets pumped down to a tank. “That’s where we fill the barrels,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18411\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10827_Honey-Drought-022-hpf.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18411\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10827_Honey-Drought-022-hpf.jpg\" alt=\"Shop foreman Manuel Salas removes the wooden frames after honey is extracted from the honey combs. He works for Godlin Bees east of Visalia. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shop foreman Manuel Salas removes the wooden frames after honey is extracted from the honey combs. He works for Godlin Bees east of Visalia. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In wet years, Godlin runs his bees from the Coast Ranges to the Mojave Desert and he can make a million pounds of honey. This year he’ll produce half that much, and with less variety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On those wet years, there’s sage, buckwheat, blue curl, tarweed, manzanita, a lot of different plants,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On dry years, oranges are his best bet. But oranges are a crowded field. Beekeepers come from all over the country to plant their hives amid the sweet-smelling orchards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody and their brother wanted to bring their bees to the oranges,” Godlin says. “I do my best to protect my areas but it’s a free country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”916b3d5922f79e5bc384a9570b517551″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gene Brandi, vice president of the American Beekeeping Federation, says California is typically a major honey-producing state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In years when California receives adequate rainfall and especially in years when California receives above-normal rainfall, like the El Niño years, California is the number one honey-producing state in the nation,” Brandi says. “We’ve done that many times in the past.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Honey production in the state varies considerably from year to year, but in a drought year it typically gets cut by about half. This year, Brandi says, it might be worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve never seen a year like this when it’s not only dry but the irrigation water is so scarce,” Brandi says. “I think the honey production in California will likely be one of the lowest levels we’ve seen in a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile wholesale honey prices are the highest Brandi has ever seen, averaging $2 a pound. That’s great for beekeepers, he says, if only they had more to sell.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Mountain meadows that would normally be covered with wildflowers have nothing to offer the bees this year, as the flowers lie dormant in the drought. Beekeepers are looking at drastically reduced production, and in some cases are just trying to keep their bees alive.\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Alice Daniel\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18342\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10813_Honey-Drought-007-hpf-e1402618479319.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18342\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10813_Honey-Drought-007-hpf-e1402618479319.jpg\" alt=\"A beekeeper for Bradshaw Honey Farm wears protective clothing to check the health of the bees. The bees don't have enough wildflowers to make honey. Instead, owner David Bradshaw is just trying to keep his bees alive.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beekeeper Chris DePrada wears protective clothing to check the health of the bees for Bradshaw Honey Farm.(Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These are hard times for honeybees; colonies are collapsing for reasons ranging from pesticides to parasites. And with this year’s pitiful rainfall in California, bees are facing another plight: There’s a lot less natural forage to make honey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Second-generation beekeeper David Bradshaw pulls his truck up alongside wooden boxes of beehives on a farm outside the Central Valley town of Visalia. Soon, a loud mechanical sound – some would say a beekeeper’s buzz kill – drowns out the lively drone of bees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a pump,” explains Bradshaw. His hungry insects aren’t getting enough natural nectar, so Bradshaw has to feed them. “It sucks the syrup blend out of that tank, and pumps it into that garden hose. Then we go from hive to hive and fill up these little feeders here. They hold about a gallon of syrup.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18406\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10821_Honey-Drought-015-hpf.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18406\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10821_Honey-Drought-015-hpf.jpg\" alt=\"Beekeeper Angel Corona feeds the bees a sweet syrup to keep them from starving during the summer at Bradshaw Honey Farm. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Beekeeper Angel Corona feeds the bees a sweet syrup to keep them from starving during the summer at Bradshaw Honey Farm. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bradshaw will spend about $80,000 on artificial nectar this summer just to keep his colonies from starving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a normal year, Bradshaw takes his bees to hills laden with wildflowers. But this year, those hills are bone dry and they look barren. Plants are mostly dormant, and that means the natural nectar production line is shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When wildflowers do bloom, they make nectar from sugar and water. Bees use the nectar to make honey. But a drought means less water, less nectar and less honey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Bradshaw is keeping his bees on the valley floor. In addition to the syrup, he’s feeding them a doughy protein supplement: soy flour, brewer’s yeast, vitamins and minerals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18343\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10825_Honey-Drought-020-hpf.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18343 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10825_Honey-Drought-020-hpf.jpg\" alt=\"Beekeeper David Bradshaw feeds his bees a doughy protein supplement in addition to a sugary syrup. Bradshaw says he'll spend about $80,000 to feed his bees this summer. Typically he would take them to hills laden with wildflowers but this year those hills are bone dry because of the drought. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The protein supplement that beekeeper David Bradshaw feeds his bees sits on top of a hive. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s good enough to keep the bees going, but it’s no substitute for the nectar used to make honey. That’s one reason Bradshaw sent 700 of his hives to Kansas, to feast on bee pastures there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We just load them up on a semi truck and send them off,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s like sending his kids off to summer camp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I worry! If they run into some bad weather where it gets too hot,” Bradshaw says. “You don’t want to be stuck on the side of the road in a broken truck with a bunch of angry bees in there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘You can tell the bees are hungry.’ \u003ccite>— David Bradshaw, Beekeeper\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Bradshaw’s been keeping bees for 40 years. His 3,800 hives typically produce about 250 barrels of honey a year. In the past three years, because of the drought and lack of wildflower nectar, his bees have been producing one-tenth of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can tell the bees are hungry,” Bradshaw says. “They’re all over the truck. If there was nectar available, they wouldn’t even be around the truck. They smell the syrup there so they’re all over it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His bees fed, Bradshaw gets back in his truck. As he drives over a bridge spanning an empty riverbed, he says small packers from Santa Cruz to Ojai have called him begging for honey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Especially the more exotic honeys like sage honey or buckwheat honey,” he says. “Even alfalfa honey is gonna be in very, very short supply this year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crops like alfalfa and cotton are less abundant this year because there’s not enough water to irrigate them. So beekeepers are leaning heavily on one crop: oranges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beekeeper Steve Godlin watches the sticky orange blossom honey move slowly down a chute at his warehouse outside the little town of Exeter, not far from the Sierra foothills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He points to the production line where the wax gets separated from the honey and the honey gets pumped down to a tank. “That’s where we fill the barrels,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18411\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10827_Honey-Drought-022-hpf.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18411\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS10827_Honey-Drought-022-hpf.jpg\" alt=\"Shop foreman Manuel Salas removes the wooden frames after honey is extracted from the honey combs. He works for Godlin Bees east of Visalia. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shop foreman Manuel Salas removes the wooden frames after honey is extracted from the honey combs. He works for Godlin Bees east of Visalia. (Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In wet years, Godlin runs his bees from the Coast Ranges to the Mojave Desert and he can make a million pounds of honey. This year he’ll produce half that much, and with less variety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On those wet years, there’s sage, buckwheat, blue curl, tarweed, manzanita, a lot of different plants,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On dry years, oranges are his best bet. But oranges are a crowded field. Beekeepers come from all over the country to plant their hives amid the sweet-smelling orchards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody and their brother wanted to bring their bees to the oranges,” Godlin says. “I do my best to protect my areas but it’s a free country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gene Brandi, vice president of the American Beekeeping Federation, says California is typically a major honey-producing state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In years when California receives adequate rainfall and especially in years when California receives above-normal rainfall, like the El Niño years, California is the number one honey-producing state in the nation,” Brandi says. “We’ve done that many times in the past.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Honey production in the state varies considerably from year to year, but in a drought year it typically gets cut by about half. This year, Brandi says, it might be worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve never seen a year like this when it’s not only dry but the irrigation water is so scarce,” Brandi says. “I think the honey production in California will likely be one of the lowest levels we’ve seen in a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile wholesale honey prices are the highest Brandi has ever seen, averaging $2 a pound. That’s great for beekeepers, he says, if only they had more to sell.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "As Water Prices Soar, Some Profit From California’s Drought",
"headTitle": "As Water Prices Soar, Some Profit From California’s Drought | KQED",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"audio-wrap\">\n\u003ch2>Listen:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2014/06/20140623science.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18543\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard3.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18543\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard3.jpg\" alt=\"(Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An almond tree that’s been uprooted due to drought near Los Banos, California. (Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Farmers who lack water in California are facing a tough summer ahead, but for those who do have water, it can be a windfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water is hitting record prices on the open market, prompting some farmers to pump groundwater and sell it — what some call “groundwater mining.” With groundwater already at record-low levels in parts of the state, concerns are rising that these water sales, known as water transfers, may put pressure on California’s overtaxed aquifers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other water deals, farmers are selling the water they get from reservoirs or rivers and are using groundwater instead to irrigate their fields, known as “groundwater substitution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 60 billion gallons of groundwater are being proposed in water sales this year — either sold for profit or substituted for water sold for profit, according to a KQED analysis of documents filed with state and federal agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Drawing the Battle Lines\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, Anthea Hansen took the podium at a crowded Merced County Board of Supervisors meeting, knowing she was facing a tough crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m sorry to bring this issue to your board and cause such a ruckus,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘We’re in crisis mode. I have trees I need to keep alive.’\u003ccite>— Anthea Hansen, Del Puerto Water District\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Hansen is the general manger of the Del Puerto Water District, which serves about 45,000 acres of farmland on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley, an hour south of Stockton. But here she was, 50 miles away in Merced, telling the board why she needs to buy groundwater to save her district’s crops and orchards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in crisis mode,” she said. “I have trees I need to keep alive. We don’t need large quantities of water to do that. If that doesn’t happen, the trees are gone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many water districts with the lowest-priority rights, “junior” water rights, Del Puerto’s normal water supply has dried up this year. Water levels in the federal reservoir system, known as the Central Valley Project, are too low to meet demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, Hansen worked out a deal with two ranchers in Merced County. They would pump up to seven billion gallons of their groundwater, put it into canals, and sell it to Hansen’s farmers over two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is common practice,” Steve Sloan told the Merced Board of Supervisors at the same meeting. He’s one of the ranchers who stands to make millions from the deal. Under California’s system of water rights, he owns the groundwater under his property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Water exchanges, water transfers have been done for over 30 years,” Sloan said. “This is how we survive collectively as an ag industry in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18545\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS8927_Drought_JoshC-4395-sfi.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18545\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS8927_Drought_JoshC-4395-sfi.jpg\" alt=\"An unplanted field outside of Los Banos, California. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An unplanted field outside of Los Banos, California. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some of Sloan’s neighbors don’t see it that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m within about a five-mile radius of where they’re going be doing the pumping. So, obviously I’m concerned,” Mike Gallo told the board. Gallo runs a farming operation near Sloan’s. “What’s gonna happen when you take this much water out of an aquifer? We’re on the same aquifer. I don’t know what it’s going to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billy Grissom, a farmer and cattle rancher who owns property near Sloan’s, also objected to the water sale. “Water underground should not be sold for monetary gain,” Grissom said. “When the water is gone, all the farming is gone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re doing extensive monitoring,” Sloan responded. “We don’t want to damage the aquifer. We don’t want to damage our neighbors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bureau of Reclamation is reviewing the water transfer because the water would move through federal infrastructure. In a preliminary report, the agency found there would be no significant environmental impact, though groundwater levels could be drawn down. While Merced County supervisors are also looking into the water transfer, they have little influence over the deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Sales as Lifeline\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The water transfer market is the only way we’re surviving right now,” said Lon Martin, assistant general manager of the San Luis Water District, another Central Valley district that has a zero water allocation this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘Water underground should not be sold for monetary gain.’\u003ccite>— Billy Grissom, Farmer and Rancher\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Martin is walking among hundreds of uprooted almond trees near Los Banos; the orchard was ripped out because of the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We hope that we don’t see any more of this,” he said. “Depending on the ability of the water district to bring water supplies — if we’re not successful with that, we may see more orchards taken offline.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martin says in a dry year like this one, there are fewer water transfers than usual, but one of the few large deals going through may help the trees in his district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nine water districts north of Sacramento are planning to sell 26 billion gallons of water, about as much as San Francisco uses in a year. Farmers would fallow crops or would pump and use groundwater instead, freeing up their water in rivers and making it available for buyers down south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten water districts in the San Joaquin Valley would purchase the water, which is about half as much water as they’d tried to arrange to purchase in the transfer earlier this year. The deal is expected to cost $72 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are literally people with no water on their account, so this represents the only lifeline they have this year,” said Ara Azhderian, water policy administrator with the San Luis & Delta-Mendota Water Authority, which negotiated the water transfer for the San Joaquin Valley water districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Legal Challenge\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California has neglected its groundwater,” says Barbara Vlamis, director of AquAlliance, a non-profit focused on the Sacramento watershed. Her group is suing to stop the water transfer over groundwater concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18544\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18544\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard.jpg\" alt=\"An almond orchard that's been uprooted due to drought near Los Banos, California. (Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Orchards in the San Joaquin Valley need water every year just to keep trees alive. (Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You’re putting an added stress on the groundwater basin,” Vlamis said. “In the last year alone, there have been wells in Glenn County that have dropped 32 feet. Nineteen feet in Butte County.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vlamis says the problem is that groundwater isn’t regulated in California, so state and federal agencies don’t have a full picture of the impact transfers can have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s shoddy,” she said. “The agencies that are so casual about moving water out of here need to truly analyze what they’re doing to this region.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal challenge has raised anxiety levels for districts that were counting on purchasing the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a huge cloud of uncertainty,” Azhderian said. “You’ve got growers that not only have their livelihoods and farms at risk, but they have then dipped into stressed financial resources to make this transfer happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rise of California’s Water Market\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Water transfers are a way of making water available to people that don’t have old, senior water rights,” said Ellen Hanak, senior fellow at the Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water transfers in California first emerged during the 1976-77 drought. “The idea was to stretch the available supplies and do the least economic harm,” Hanak said. “It made sense to allow the market signals to work and allow people to lease that water to folks that were able to pay more for it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”3b073d41504f8b383e6897c6f4cbe645″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water transfers have since become commonplace. Earlier this year, Governor Jerry Brown ordered state agencies to \u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/news.php?id=18496\">speed up their environmental review\u003c/a> of water transfers to help with the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As groundwater levels dropped dramatically in the Central Valley, concerns have emerged about any added pressure to pump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Joaquin Valley has experienced the highest levels of groundwater overdraft, but there’s also increased pumping in the Sacramento Valley, generally perceived to have plenty of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re seeing an expansion of orchard crops, including in places that did not used to be irrigated,” Hanak said, “and it’s relying on groundwater.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concerns over using groundwater in water transfers tie into larger challenges California is facing in monitoring and managing its underground reservoirs, Hanak said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The state will look carefully at a transfer to make sure that you aren’t selling water out of a river or lake that someone downstream of you would be using,” she said. “But because California does not have statewide regulation of groundwater, the state doesn’t have the possibility of easily making that assessment about groundwater use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some counties have taken matters into their own hands and have passed rules that effectively ban the sale of groundwater outside county lines. In Merced County, where controversy over the groundwater sale continues, county supervisors have said they’re looking into that policy.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Fights are breaking out over controversial water sales. Some farmers say they need the water to keep trees alive, while others say groundwater pumping depletes supplies for neighboring farms, and could threaten California's already-stressed aquifers.\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18543\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard3.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18543\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard3.jpg\" alt=\"(Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An almond tree that’s been uprooted due to drought near Los Banos, California. (Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Farmers who lack water in California are facing a tough summer ahead, but for those who do have water, it can be a windfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water is hitting record prices on the open market, prompting some farmers to pump groundwater and sell it — what some call “groundwater mining.” With groundwater already at record-low levels in parts of the state, concerns are rising that these water sales, known as water transfers, may put pressure on California’s overtaxed aquifers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other water deals, farmers are selling the water they get from reservoirs or rivers and are using groundwater instead to irrigate their fields, known as “groundwater substitution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 60 billion gallons of groundwater are being proposed in water sales this year — either sold for profit or substituted for water sold for profit, according to a KQED analysis of documents filed with state and federal agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Drawing the Battle Lines\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, Anthea Hansen took the podium at a crowded Merced County Board of Supervisors meeting, knowing she was facing a tough crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m sorry to bring this issue to your board and cause such a ruckus,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘We’re in crisis mode. I have trees I need to keep alive.’\u003ccite>— Anthea Hansen, Del Puerto Water District\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Hansen is the general manger of the Del Puerto Water District, which serves about 45,000 acres of farmland on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley, an hour south of Stockton. But here she was, 50 miles away in Merced, telling the board why she needs to buy groundwater to save her district’s crops and orchards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in crisis mode,” she said. “I have trees I need to keep alive. We don’t need large quantities of water to do that. If that doesn’t happen, the trees are gone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many water districts with the lowest-priority rights, “junior” water rights, Del Puerto’s normal water supply has dried up this year. Water levels in the federal reservoir system, known as the Central Valley Project, are too low to meet demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, Hansen worked out a deal with two ranchers in Merced County. They would pump up to seven billion gallons of their groundwater, put it into canals, and sell it to Hansen’s farmers over two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is common practice,” Steve Sloan told the Merced Board of Supervisors at the same meeting. He’s one of the ranchers who stands to make millions from the deal. Under California’s system of water rights, he owns the groundwater under his property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Water exchanges, water transfers have been done for over 30 years,” Sloan said. “This is how we survive collectively as an ag industry in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18545\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS8927_Drought_JoshC-4395-sfi.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18545\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/RS8927_Drought_JoshC-4395-sfi.jpg\" alt=\"An unplanted field outside of Los Banos, California. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An unplanted field outside of Los Banos, California. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some of Sloan’s neighbors don’t see it that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m within about a five-mile radius of where they’re going be doing the pumping. So, obviously I’m concerned,” Mike Gallo told the board. Gallo runs a farming operation near Sloan’s. “What’s gonna happen when you take this much water out of an aquifer? We’re on the same aquifer. I don’t know what it’s going to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billy Grissom, a farmer and cattle rancher who owns property near Sloan’s, also objected to the water sale. “Water underground should not be sold for monetary gain,” Grissom said. “When the water is gone, all the farming is gone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re doing extensive monitoring,” Sloan responded. “We don’t want to damage the aquifer. We don’t want to damage our neighbors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bureau of Reclamation is reviewing the water transfer because the water would move through federal infrastructure. In a preliminary report, the agency found there would be no significant environmental impact, though groundwater levels could be drawn down. While Merced County supervisors are also looking into the water transfer, they have little influence over the deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Water Sales as Lifeline\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The water transfer market is the only way we’re surviving right now,” said Lon Martin, assistant general manager of the San Luis Water District, another Central Valley district that has a zero water allocation this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘Water underground should not be sold for monetary gain.’\u003ccite>— Billy Grissom, Farmer and Rancher\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Martin is walking among hundreds of uprooted almond trees near Los Banos; the orchard was ripped out because of the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We hope that we don’t see any more of this,” he said. “Depending on the ability of the water district to bring water supplies — if we’re not successful with that, we may see more orchards taken offline.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martin says in a dry year like this one, there are fewer water transfers than usual, but one of the few large deals going through may help the trees in his district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nine water districts north of Sacramento are planning to sell 26 billion gallons of water, about as much as San Francisco uses in a year. Farmers would fallow crops or would pump and use groundwater instead, freeing up their water in rivers and making it available for buyers down south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten water districts in the San Joaquin Valley would purchase the water, which is about half as much water as they’d tried to arrange to purchase in the transfer earlier this year. The deal is expected to cost $72 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are literally people with no water on their account, so this represents the only lifeline they have this year,” said Ara Azhderian, water policy administrator with the San Luis & Delta-Mendota Water Authority, which negotiated the water transfer for the San Joaquin Valley water districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Legal Challenge\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California has neglected its groundwater,” says Barbara Vlamis, director of AquAlliance, a non-profit focused on the Sacramento watershed. Her group is suing to stop the water transfer over groundwater concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18544\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18544\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/orchard.jpg\" alt=\"An almond orchard that's been uprooted due to drought near Los Banos, California. (Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Orchards in the San Joaquin Valley need water every year just to keep trees alive. (Lindsey Hoshaw/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You’re putting an added stress on the groundwater basin,” Vlamis said. “In the last year alone, there have been wells in Glenn County that have dropped 32 feet. Nineteen feet in Butte County.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vlamis says the problem is that groundwater isn’t regulated in California, so state and federal agencies don’t have a full picture of the impact transfers can have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s shoddy,” she said. “The agencies that are so casual about moving water out of here need to truly analyze what they’re doing to this region.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal challenge has raised anxiety levels for districts that were counting on purchasing the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a huge cloud of uncertainty,” Azhderian said. “You’ve got growers that not only have their livelihoods and farms at risk, but they have then dipped into stressed financial resources to make this transfer happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rise of California’s Water Market\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Water transfers are a way of making water available to people that don’t have old, senior water rights,” said Ellen Hanak, senior fellow at the Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water transfers in California first emerged during the 1976-77 drought. “The idea was to stretch the available supplies and do the least economic harm,” Hanak said. “It made sense to allow the market signals to work and allow people to lease that water to folks that were able to pay more for it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water transfers have since become commonplace. Earlier this year, Governor Jerry Brown ordered state agencies to \u003ca href=\"http://gov.ca.gov/news.php?id=18496\">speed up their environmental review\u003c/a> of water transfers to help with the drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As groundwater levels dropped dramatically in the Central Valley, concerns have emerged about any added pressure to pump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Joaquin Valley has experienced the highest levels of groundwater overdraft, but there’s also increased pumping in the Sacramento Valley, generally perceived to have plenty of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re seeing an expansion of orchard crops, including in places that did not used to be irrigated,” Hanak said, “and it’s relying on groundwater.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concerns over using groundwater in water transfers tie into larger challenges California is facing in monitoring and managing its underground reservoirs, Hanak said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The state will look carefully at a transfer to make sure that you aren’t selling water out of a river or lake that someone downstream of you would be using,” she said. “But because California does not have statewide regulation of groundwater, the state doesn’t have the possibility of easily making that assessment about groundwater use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some counties have taken matters into their own hands and have passed rules that effectively ban the sale of groundwater outside county lines. In Merced County, where controversy over the groundwater sale continues, county supervisors have said they’re looking into that policy.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18769\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/rewoodshot3-1024x573.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-18769\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/rewoodshot3-1024x573.jpg\" alt=\"Poachers have chopped the burl from the base of this redwood. (Sally Schilling/KQED)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"573\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Poachers have chopped the burl from the base of this redwood. (Sally Schilling/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California is home to the tallest trees in the world: coast redwoods. To forest visitors, staring up at the towering canopy of a 300-foot-tall old-growth redwood can feel surreal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For a lot of people this is an almost religious experience,” said ranger Brett Silver, standing recently in Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park in Humboldt County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of heavy logging in the 1800s and early 1900s, only about five percent of the old-growth redwoods remain, with much of that acreage in state and national parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The forests have also been designated an International Biosphere Reserve and World Heritage Site. But in spite of their status, these sacred groves are facing another threat: poachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18710\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/redw_rings.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18710 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/redw_rings.jpg\" alt=\"New trees can sprout from the dense bud material in a burl. (National Park Service.)\" width=\"300\" height=\"257\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">New trees can sprout from the dense bud material within a burl. (National Park Service.)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Stealing Seedlings\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They sneak into the forest, most likely at night, authorities say. They carry chainsaws and wear night-vision goggles. They’re after the trees’ precious burl — the knobby growths typically found at the base of a tree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, rangers have discovered a few instances of burl poaching, here and there. But in the past two years, they’ve noticed an increasing number of cuts, some huge gashes up to eight feet across at the base of the trees, some of which are nearly 1000 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem with cutting the burls off isn’t that it kills the tree. Rather it hurts the chances of a new clone of that tree taking life in the same space. Burls contain dormant bud tissue and can sprout new seedlings. Redwoods are unique in that they regenerate not only through their seed cones, but also their burls, said Jeff Denny, a ranger at Redwood National and State Parks. There are thousands of seeds carried in each grape-sized cone, but seeds rarely penetrate the thick layer of forest debris. Burls offer the best chance for a redwood to regenerate, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denny brushed his hand over the bright red, exposed heartwood where a burl was cut from an old-growth tree on the south end of the park. These cuts also expose the tree to disease and fire damage, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Lure of Burl\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Redwood burl is prized by woodworkers for its swirling grains and deep-red hues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has a very unique pattern, very different than the circular rings that you’ll find at the base of a tree,” Denny said. “It produces a very attractive piece.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18716\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 216px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/burl-bed-216x162.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-18716\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/burl-bed-216x162.jpg\" alt=\"Artisan Burlwood in Berkeley sells redwood burl bed frames, tables and other furniture to clients around the world. (Jim Parodi)\" width=\"216\" height=\"162\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Artisan Burlwood in Berkeley sells redwood burl bed frames, tables and other furniture to clients around the world. (Jim Parodi)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>South of Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park is the once-booming logging town of Orick. The town boasts one motel and about eight redwood burl shops. Rangers have investigated the shops over the past couple of years. But until recently, the question of who was committing these crimes was a mystery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rangers attribute the rise in burl poaching to increased drug addiction and unemployment in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rural economies, as we’ve all gone through transitions, you leave behind poverty,” said Jaqueline Debets, economic development director for Humboldt County. The timber industry was once the lifeblood of Humboldt County’s economy. Now, due to environmental protections and decreased supply of wood, timber has shrunk to a small fraction of the economy, Debets said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a breezy April afternoon, Rod Price stood at his outdoor carving shop on the outskirts of Orick. He rushed to a trailer behind his shop, and came out with a raw piece of “bird’s eye redwood” cut into the shape of a feather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Watch this,” he said. He poured water over the dry wood. The grains shimmered and popped as the wood soaked up the liquid. “The grains move,” he said excitedly, tilting the piece in the sunlight. “Sometimes they are golden.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Small burl chunks are often shined and shaped into salad bowls or bear figurines. Craftsmen use larger pieces to make one-of-a-kind furniture. Large burl slabs can sell for hundreds, or even thousands of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18713\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 114px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/Orick-map-114x162.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-18713\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/Orick-map-114x162.jpg\" alt=\"The town of Orick, Ca., is about 40 miles north of Eureka, and just south of Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park. (Google Maps)\" width=\"114\" height=\"162\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The town of Orick, Ca., is about 40 miles north of Eureka, and just south of Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park. (Google Maps)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who Are the Poachers?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, authorities arrested Danny Garcia, 43, and Larry Morrow, 34, both of Orick. The arrests were the culmination of a year-long investigation. After receiving an anonymous tip, rangers found burl pieces at a local shop that matched the shape and size of a burl cut discovered last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of a plea deal, both men pleaded guilty to felony vandalism charges. Garcia was sentenced earlier this month to 700 hours of community service and required to pay a $11,178 in restitution. Morrow was sentenced to three years of probation and ordered to pay $1,600 in restitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three groups, the Center for Biological Diversity, Redwood Parks Association and Save the Redwoods League, are \u003ca href=\"http://www.savetheredwoods.org/league/press_detail.php?id=559\">offering a $5,000 reward\u003c/a> for information leading to the prosecution of redwood poachers. The parks’ law enforcement tip line is 707-464-7353.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rangers believe there are still several other individuals who are poaching. Ranger Silver says the theft is comparable to robbing a church. “When [people] see the damage that’s going on it really breaks their heart,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"single-video\">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AG5F9SeGI50\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/newsroom/watch/archive/277985\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED NEWSROOM\u003c/a> is a weekly news magazine program on television, radio and online. Watch Fridays at 8 p.m. on KQED Public Television 9, listen on Sundays at 6 p.m. on KQED Public Radio 88.5 FM and watch on demand \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/newsroom/watch/archive/277985\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18769\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/rewoodshot3-1024x573.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-18769\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/rewoodshot3-1024x573.jpg\" alt=\"Poachers have chopped the burl from the base of this redwood. (Sally Schilling/KQED)\" width=\"1024\" height=\"573\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Poachers have chopped the burl from the base of this redwood. (Sally Schilling/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California is home to the tallest trees in the world: coast redwoods. To forest visitors, staring up at the towering canopy of a 300-foot-tall old-growth redwood can feel surreal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For a lot of people this is an almost religious experience,” said ranger Brett Silver, standing recently in Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park in Humboldt County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of heavy logging in the 1800s and early 1900s, only about five percent of the old-growth redwoods remain, with much of that acreage in state and national parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The forests have also been designated an International Biosphere Reserve and World Heritage Site. But in spite of their status, these sacred groves are facing another threat: poachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18710\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/redw_rings.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18710 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/redw_rings.jpg\" alt=\"New trees can sprout from the dense bud material in a burl. (National Park Service.)\" width=\"300\" height=\"257\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">New trees can sprout from the dense bud material within a burl. (National Park Service.)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Stealing Seedlings\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They sneak into the forest, most likely at night, authorities say. They carry chainsaws and wear night-vision goggles. They’re after the trees’ precious burl — the knobby growths typically found at the base of a tree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, rangers have discovered a few instances of burl poaching, here and there. But in the past two years, they’ve noticed an increasing number of cuts, some huge gashes up to eight feet across at the base of the trees, some of which are nearly 1000 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem with cutting the burls off isn’t that it kills the tree. Rather it hurts the chances of a new clone of that tree taking life in the same space. Burls contain dormant bud tissue and can sprout new seedlings. Redwoods are unique in that they regenerate not only through their seed cones, but also their burls, said Jeff Denny, a ranger at Redwood National and State Parks. There are thousands of seeds carried in each grape-sized cone, but seeds rarely penetrate the thick layer of forest debris. Burls offer the best chance for a redwood to regenerate, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denny brushed his hand over the bright red, exposed heartwood where a burl was cut from an old-growth tree on the south end of the park. These cuts also expose the tree to disease and fire damage, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Lure of Burl\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Redwood burl is prized by woodworkers for its swirling grains and deep-red hues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has a very unique pattern, very different than the circular rings that you’ll find at the base of a tree,” Denny said. “It produces a very attractive piece.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18716\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 216px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/burl-bed-216x162.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-18716\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/burl-bed-216x162.jpg\" alt=\"Artisan Burlwood in Berkeley sells redwood burl bed frames, tables and other furniture to clients around the world. (Jim Parodi)\" width=\"216\" height=\"162\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Artisan Burlwood in Berkeley sells redwood burl bed frames, tables and other furniture to clients around the world. (Jim Parodi)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>South of Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park is the once-booming logging town of Orick. The town boasts one motel and about eight redwood burl shops. Rangers have investigated the shops over the past couple of years. But until recently, the question of who was committing these crimes was a mystery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rangers attribute the rise in burl poaching to increased drug addiction and unemployment in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rural economies, as we’ve all gone through transitions, you leave behind poverty,” said Jaqueline Debets, economic development director for Humboldt County. The timber industry was once the lifeblood of Humboldt County’s economy. Now, due to environmental protections and decreased supply of wood, timber has shrunk to a small fraction of the economy, Debets said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a breezy April afternoon, Rod Price stood at his outdoor carving shop on the outskirts of Orick. He rushed to a trailer behind his shop, and came out with a raw piece of “bird’s eye redwood” cut into the shape of a feather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Watch this,” he said. He poured water over the dry wood. The grains shimmered and popped as the wood soaked up the liquid. “The grains move,” he said excitedly, tilting the piece in the sunlight. “Sometimes they are golden.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Small burl chunks are often shined and shaped into salad bowls or bear figurines. Craftsmen use larger pieces to make one-of-a-kind furniture. Large burl slabs can sell for hundreds, or even thousands of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_18713\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 114px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/Orick-map-114x162.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-18713\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/06/Orick-map-114x162.jpg\" alt=\"The town of Orick, Ca., is about 40 miles north of Eureka, and just south of Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park. (Google Maps)\" width=\"114\" height=\"162\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The town of Orick, Ca., is about 40 miles north of Eureka, and just south of Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park. (Google Maps)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who Are the Poachers?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, authorities arrested Danny Garcia, 43, and Larry Morrow, 34, both of Orick. The arrests were the culmination of a year-long investigation. After receiving an anonymous tip, rangers found burl pieces at a local shop that matched the shape and size of a burl cut discovered last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of a plea deal, both men pleaded guilty to felony vandalism charges. Garcia was sentenced earlier this month to 700 hours of community service and required to pay a $11,178 in restitution. Morrow was sentenced to three years of probation and ordered to pay $1,600 in restitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three groups, the Center for Biological Diversity, Redwood Parks Association and Save the Redwoods League, are \u003ca href=\"http://www.savetheredwoods.org/league/press_detail.php?id=559\">offering a $5,000 reward\u003c/a> for information leading to the prosecution of redwood poachers. The parks’ law enforcement tip line is 707-464-7353.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rangers believe there are still several other individuals who are poaching. Ranger Silver says the theft is comparable to robbing a church. “When [people] see the damage that’s going on it really breaks their heart,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"single-video\">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AG5F9SeGI50\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/newsroom/watch/archive/277985\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED NEWSROOM\u003c/a> is a weekly news magazine program on television, radio and online. Watch Fridays at 8 p.m. on KQED Public Television 9, listen on Sundays at 6 p.m. on KQED Public Radio 88.5 FM and watch on demand \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/newsroom/watch/archive/277985\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Rot and Rubbish: The Rancid Truth About How Much Food We Waste",
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"content": "\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>Food. It’s almost as if we like wasting it as much as we enjoy eating it. About a third of all food in the world that’s produced for human consumption (roughly 1.2 billion tons) is lost or wasted, based on United Nations’ estimates — even as millions still suffer \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/lowdown/2013/12/13/food-waste\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"rssmi_more\" rel=\"noopener\">…Read More\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/lowdown/2013/12/13/food-waste\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Rot and Rubbish: The Rancid Truth About How Much Food We Waste\" rel=\"noopener\">The Lowdown – Green Space\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "\u003cdiv>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Food. It's almost as if we like wasting it as much as we enjoy eating it. About a third of all food in the world that's produced for human consumption (roughly 1.2 billion tons) is lost or wasted, based on United Nations' estimates — even as millions still suffer \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/lowdown/2013/12/13/food-waste\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"rssmi_more\" rel=\"noopener\">...Read More\u003c/a>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
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"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"perspectives": {
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"planet-money": {
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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},
"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
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"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
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"description": "\u003cp>[caption id=\"attachment_11894\" width=\"1180px\"]\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/deltadiablo.jpg\" alt=\"The Delta at sunset.\" align=\"none\" width=\"1180px\"/> The Delta at sunset. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/artolog/315963076/\">Art Siegel/Flickr\u003c/a>)[/caption]\u003c/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp>If you live in California, chances are that the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta matters to you. It’s the hub for California’s water supply. Two-thirds of Californians get their water from the vast inland Delta, which lies east of San Francisco Bay, at the confluence of California's two largest rivers, the Sacramento and San Joaquin. The water reaches cities from Silicon Valley to San Diego, and supplies millions of acres of Central Valley farmland through sprawling infrastructure projects built over the past century.But the Delta’s natural ecosystem has declined and it's become ground zero for the state’s most contentious battles over water and endangered species.\u003c/p>\u003cstrong>The Problem\u003c/strong>\u003cp>The Delta is home to a number of threatened or endangered species, including Delta smelt and Chinook salmon. Biologists point to a number of reasons for their decline. After the gold rush, farms replaced what was once a rich network of tidal wetlands. About \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/delta-map/\">95 percent of the Delta’s historic habitat\u003c/a> has been lost. Upstream dams have altered the rivers’ flow, and fish die when they’re drawn toward the large pumps that divert water to the Bay Area and Southern California.\u003c/p>\u003cstrong>The Latest\u003c/strong>\u003cp>To protect fish species, limits were placed on how much water could be pumped out of the Delta. Now, Governor Jerry Brown is proposing a $24.5 billion fix, known as the Bay Delta Conservation Plan. Two 35-mile water tunnels would cross the Delta, bypassing the ecosystem from below. More than 100,000 acres of habitat would be restored. The majority of the costs would be covered by the water users.Concerns remain about whether the plan would help the Delta’s ecosystem recover. Farmers and other residents in the Delta region fear permanent changes to their way of life. And water consumers south of the Delta are reluctant to pay for the project if it doesn’t include assurances that adequate volumes of water are delivered.\u003c/p> \r\n",
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"description": "[caption id=\"attachment_11894\" width=\"1180px\"] The Delta at sunset. (Art Siegel/Flickr)[/caption] If you live in California, chances are that the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta matters to you. It’s the hub for California’s water supply. Two-thirds of Californians get their water from the vast inland Delta, which lies east of San Francisco Bay, at the confluence of California's two largest rivers, the Sacramento and San Joaquin. The water reaches cities from Silicon Valley to San Diego, and supplies millions of acres of Central Valley farmland through sprawling infrastructure projects built over the past century.But the Delta’s natural ecosystem has declined and it's become ground zero for the state’s most contentious battles over water and endangered species.The ProblemThe Delta is home to a number of threatened or endangered species, including Delta smelt and Chinook salmon. Biologists point to a number of reasons for their decline. After the gold rush, farms replaced what was once a rich network of tidal wetlands. About 95 percent of the Delta’s historic habitat has been lost. Upstream dams have altered the rivers’ flow, and fish die when they’re drawn toward the large pumps that divert water to the Bay Area and Southern California.The LatestTo protect fish species, limits were placed on how much water could be pumped out of the Delta. Now, Governor Jerry Brown is proposing a $24.5 billion fix, known as the Bay Delta Conservation Plan. Two 35-mile water tunnels would cross the Delta, bypassing the ecosystem from below. More than 100,000 acres of habitat would be restored. The majority of the costs would be covered by the water users.Concerns remain about whether the plan would help the Delta’s ecosystem recover. Farmers and other residents in the Delta region fear permanent changes to their way of life. And water consumers south of the Delta are reluctant to pay for the project if it doesn’t include assurances that adequate volumes of water are delivered.",
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