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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>The fifth in a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/series/breaking-the-ice/\">series of dispatches\u003c/a> from freelance writer Brandon Reynolds aboard the USCG icebreaker Polar Star, on its annual resupply mission to the research base, McMurdo Station. 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There is only one that really means anything to the average dim-but-curious writer, and that’s the relationship between cutting a channel through the ice and the damage it causes; in other words, the ratio of breaking-in to breaking down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ice is, in scientific terms, absolute hell on the ship. Polar Star breaks in a variety of ways, and that delays the grooming of the channel, the only way that supply ships can get in. So when we’re back underway we speed along to the next breakdown. Are these critical breakdowns? They’re serious enough. Most of them are, strictly speaking, mission-enders — for a few hours. Then we’re on our way again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_485300\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-485300 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC03365.jpg\" alt=\"MK3 Chynna Loe talks on the very old-school but still-functional sound-powered phone while on rounds.\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC03365.jpg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC03365-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC03365-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC03365-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC03365-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC03365-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Machinery technician Chynna Loe talks on the very old-school but still-functional sound-powered phone while on rounds. \u003ccite>(Brandon R. Reynolds)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What’s happening here that keeps the engineering department busy with repairs is a living example of the paradox of the implacable force against the immovable object. Polar Star is the last working heavy icebreaker in the U.S. fleet, and with 75,000 horsepower, it’s billed as the “most powerful non-nuclear icebreaker in the world.” The bow is nearly two inches thick, made of a special steel alloy that’s resistant to the cold and — more than 40 years after the keel was laid — no longer made in the United States. For durability, the frames (the ship’s “ribs”) are about six inches closer together than normal. The football-shaped bow allows the ship to slide (or grind, as it were) up onto the ice like an aggressive leopard seal and break through it. That takes a lot of power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_460989\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-460989\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Polar-Star-2016-with-ship.jpg\" alt=\"About a week after sailing from Tasmania, the Polar Star entered the ice fields and began breaking a channel into McMurdo Sound.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1454\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Polar-Star-2016-with-ship.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Polar-Star-2016-with-ship-400x568.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Polar-Star-2016-with-ship-800x1136.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Polar-Star-2016-with-ship-768x1091.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Polar-Star-2016-with-ship-960x1363.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">About a week after sailing from Tasmania, the Polar Star entered the ice fields and began breaking a channel into McMurdo Sound.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most of the time, Polar Star runs on six Alco 251 diesel-electric generators. These are train locomotive engines, but they’re also used for icebreakers and nuclear power plant backups. They even make a satisfying chugga-chug chugga-chug, which is quite soothing when we’re out at sea. (During what qualifies as night during the austral summer, I lie in my “rack” and listen to the sound of distant trains along with the foamy hiss of the waves against the bow, a real surf ’n’ turf for the senses.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These six engines generate power which is fed to three motors which turn the three shafts attached to the three propellers that make us go. Then, when it’s time to break ice, they fire up the jet engines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the diesel-electrics, Polar Star also carries three Pratt & Whitney FT4 gas turbines, the kind once used in Boeing 707s. Each turbine is in its own chamber, and when they get turned on and you stand next to them, even with earplugs, it’s the kind of sound and force that you have to keep yourself from instinctively running away from, a terrible thrill like I imagine swimming with sharks would be. The turbines are each cranked down to a manageable RPM by a reduction gear and connected to a shaft, and when they’re all three going strong, they produce up to 75,000 hp. Power at that level is hard to imagine. I’ve seen what it can do, though. Plow through miles and miles of ice as thick as I am tall, tossing up fragments the size of Volkswagens into a channel cut to the horizon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_484971\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-484971\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12577_JV0A9246-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Polar Star's giant twin propellers, each 18 feet across, await installation at Vallejo's Mare Island shipyard in 2014.\" width=\"1400\" height=\"933\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12577_JV0A9246-qut.jpg 1400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12577_JV0A9246-qut-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12577_JV0A9246-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12577_JV0A9246-qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12577_JV0A9246-qut-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12577_JV0A9246-qut-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Polar Star’s three giant propellers, each 18 feet across, await installation at Vallejo’s Mare Island shipyard in 2014. The prop on the right has been removed for refurbishing. \u003ccite>(Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s well-designed, this ship. But still, stuff breaks all the time. Sometimes the turbines won’t start up, sometimes the diesels crap out, sometimes—a lot of times, lately—the vibrations through the ship from the bow smashing the ice and the propellers “milling” the ice, breaks anything connected to the shaft. Even for a ship built for this, it is an enormous amount of stress. There’s plenty of power. But there’s always more ice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few days ago, a crack was found in the reduction gear, a part of the ship’s propulsion system. It seemed like just another in a series of breakdowns, but this was one that gave Capt. Matt Walker cause to abandon the \u003ca href=\"https://popantarctica.wordpress.com/2016/01/07/marble-point-air-facility/\">Marble Point\u003c/a> mission. The ice would be thicker there, he said, and he didn’t believe the ship was up to the task of breaking through. “I made a decision to forego Marble Point because Marble Point is a nice mission but it’s not an essential mission,” he said. She’d done it two years before, so I took this as evidence of age wearing Polar Star down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_485301\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-485301 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC02774.jpg\" alt=\"Chief Keith Hoeffer and Petty Officer Keith Bryan work on repairs to the propulsion system. Breakdowns are a way of life in the ice.\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC02774.jpg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC02774-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC02774-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC02774-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC02774-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC02774-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chief Keith Hoeffer and Petty Officer Keith Bryan work on repairs to the propulsion system. Breakdowns are a way of life in the ice. \u003ccite>(Brandon R. Reynolds)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The crew I’ve talked to is of two minds about breakage. One attitude is that breakage is inevitable, that it’s the natural order of things around here, so they fix the damage and get on with it. They’re an industrious bunch. Fixes have included welding and replacing, but also, in a couple of cases, Super Glue and a surfboard repair kit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other perspective sees the law of diminishing returns at work. As Polar Star (now in her 40s) gets older, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/01/12/polar-missions-on-thin-ice-with-aging-equipment/\">she breaks more\u003c/a> — both more often and more seriously. More breakage not only imperils or at least alters the mission, as it did with Marble Point, but it also means more time in dry-dock, where repairs have to be hurriedly accomplished so that she can head out again for the next trip south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_485147\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-485147\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12569_JV0A9031-qut.jpg\" alt=\"This view of Polar Star in dry-dock reveals the specially-shaped keel for riding up onto heavy ice.\" width=\"1400\" height=\"959\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12569_JV0A9031-qut.jpg 1400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12569_JV0A9031-qut-400x274.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12569_JV0A9031-qut-800x548.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12569_JV0A9031-qut-768x526.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12569_JV0A9031-qut-1180x808.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12569_JV0A9031-qut-960x658.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This view of Polar Star in dry-dock reveals the specially-shaped keel for riding up onto heavy ice. \u003ccite>(Adam Grossberg/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Between Deep Freeze and \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/11/03/aging-u-s-icebreaker-fleet-may-imperil-polar-science/\">dry-dock in Vallejo\u003c/a>, Polar Star was out of home port something like 320 days. The day may well be at hand when Polar Star will only oscillate between going south and being fixed after going south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Next Time: The End of the World!\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Brandon R. Reynolds lives in Los Angeles but currently summers in the Antarctic Circle. He has written for San Francisco Magazine, SF Weekly, The Atlantic, and Oxford American (not the dictionary).\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "It takes major muscle to do battle with Antarctic ice fields -- but is the world's most powerful non-nuclear icebreaker losing its mojo?",
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"description": "It takes major muscle to do battle with Antarctic ice fields -- but is the world's most powerful non-nuclear icebreaker losing its mojo?",
"title": "Ice vs. Ship: Just How Cool Is a Heavy-Duty Icebreaker? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>The fifth in a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/series/breaking-the-ice/\">series of dispatches\u003c/a> from freelance writer Brandon Reynolds aboard the USCG icebreaker Polar Star, on its annual resupply mission to the research base, McMurdo Station. It’s a critical task imperiled by the nation’s aging, shrinking fleet of ice-breaking ships.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan was this: groom the channel; spend a few days at \u003ca href=\"http://www.coolantarctica.com/Bases/McMurdo/mcmurdo-base-antarctica.php\">McMurdo Station\u003c/a>; escort a supply ship and a fuel tanker in; go north to Marble Point to refuel a National Science Foundation depot; wander across the arc of the continent and then dart north across the chaotic Southern Ocean and up the coast of South America to Valparaiso and points north.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if there’s one thing I’ve learned on this ship, it’s that plans are suggestions and suggestions are dreams and dreams here are more familiar than reality. Things change at a moment’s notice. Mostly by breaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are arcane equations that affect the ship, dealing with power output, weight distribution, atmospheric behavior, celestial navigation, on and on. There is only one that really means anything to the average dim-but-curious writer, and that’s the relationship between cutting a channel through the ice and the damage it causes; in other words, the ratio of breaking-in to breaking down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ice is, in scientific terms, absolute hell on the ship. Polar Star breaks in a variety of ways, and that delays the grooming of the channel, the only way that supply ships can get in. So when we’re back underway we speed along to the next breakdown. Are these critical breakdowns? They’re serious enough. Most of them are, strictly speaking, mission-enders — for a few hours. Then we’re on our way again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_485300\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-485300 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC03365.jpg\" alt=\"MK3 Chynna Loe talks on the very old-school but still-functional sound-powered phone while on rounds.\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC03365.jpg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC03365-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC03365-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC03365-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC03365-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC03365-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Machinery technician Chynna Loe talks on the very old-school but still-functional sound-powered phone while on rounds. \u003ccite>(Brandon R. Reynolds)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What’s happening here that keeps the engineering department busy with repairs is a living example of the paradox of the implacable force against the immovable object. Polar Star is the last working heavy icebreaker in the U.S. fleet, and with 75,000 horsepower, it’s billed as the “most powerful non-nuclear icebreaker in the world.” The bow is nearly two inches thick, made of a special steel alloy that’s resistant to the cold and — more than 40 years after the keel was laid — no longer made in the United States. For durability, the frames (the ship’s “ribs”) are about six inches closer together than normal. The football-shaped bow allows the ship to slide (or grind, as it were) up onto the ice like an aggressive leopard seal and break through it. That takes a lot of power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_460989\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-460989\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Polar-Star-2016-with-ship.jpg\" alt=\"About a week after sailing from Tasmania, the Polar Star entered the ice fields and began breaking a channel into McMurdo Sound.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1454\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Polar-Star-2016-with-ship.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Polar-Star-2016-with-ship-400x568.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Polar-Star-2016-with-ship-800x1136.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Polar-Star-2016-with-ship-768x1091.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Polar-Star-2016-with-ship-960x1363.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">About a week after sailing from Tasmania, the Polar Star entered the ice fields and began breaking a channel into McMurdo Sound.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most of the time, Polar Star runs on six Alco 251 diesel-electric generators. These are train locomotive engines, but they’re also used for icebreakers and nuclear power plant backups. They even make a satisfying chugga-chug chugga-chug, which is quite soothing when we’re out at sea. (During what qualifies as night during the austral summer, I lie in my “rack” and listen to the sound of distant trains along with the foamy hiss of the waves against the bow, a real surf ’n’ turf for the senses.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These six engines generate power which is fed to three motors which turn the three shafts attached to the three propellers that make us go. Then, when it’s time to break ice, they fire up the jet engines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the diesel-electrics, Polar Star also carries three Pratt & Whitney FT4 gas turbines, the kind once used in Boeing 707s. Each turbine is in its own chamber, and when they get turned on and you stand next to them, even with earplugs, it’s the kind of sound and force that you have to keep yourself from instinctively running away from, a terrible thrill like I imagine swimming with sharks would be. The turbines are each cranked down to a manageable RPM by a reduction gear and connected to a shaft, and when they’re all three going strong, they produce up to 75,000 hp. Power at that level is hard to imagine. I’ve seen what it can do, though. Plow through miles and miles of ice as thick as I am tall, tossing up fragments the size of Volkswagens into a channel cut to the horizon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_484971\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-484971\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12577_JV0A9246-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Polar Star's giant twin propellers, each 18 feet across, await installation at Vallejo's Mare Island shipyard in 2014.\" width=\"1400\" height=\"933\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12577_JV0A9246-qut.jpg 1400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12577_JV0A9246-qut-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12577_JV0A9246-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12577_JV0A9246-qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12577_JV0A9246-qut-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12577_JV0A9246-qut-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Polar Star’s three giant propellers, each 18 feet across, await installation at Vallejo’s Mare Island shipyard in 2014. The prop on the right has been removed for refurbishing. \u003ccite>(Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s well-designed, this ship. But still, stuff breaks all the time. Sometimes the turbines won’t start up, sometimes the diesels crap out, sometimes—a lot of times, lately—the vibrations through the ship from the bow smashing the ice and the propellers “milling” the ice, breaks anything connected to the shaft. Even for a ship built for this, it is an enormous amount of stress. There’s plenty of power. But there’s always more ice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few days ago, a crack was found in the reduction gear, a part of the ship’s propulsion system. It seemed like just another in a series of breakdowns, but this was one that gave Capt. Matt Walker cause to abandon the \u003ca href=\"https://popantarctica.wordpress.com/2016/01/07/marble-point-air-facility/\">Marble Point\u003c/a> mission. The ice would be thicker there, he said, and he didn’t believe the ship was up to the task of breaking through. “I made a decision to forego Marble Point because Marble Point is a nice mission but it’s not an essential mission,” he said. She’d done it two years before, so I took this as evidence of age wearing Polar Star down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_485301\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-485301 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC02774.jpg\" alt=\"Chief Keith Hoeffer and Petty Officer Keith Bryan work on repairs to the propulsion system. Breakdowns are a way of life in the ice.\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC02774.jpg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC02774-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC02774-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC02774-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC02774-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/DSC02774-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chief Keith Hoeffer and Petty Officer Keith Bryan work on repairs to the propulsion system. Breakdowns are a way of life in the ice. \u003ccite>(Brandon R. Reynolds)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The crew I’ve talked to is of two minds about breakage. One attitude is that breakage is inevitable, that it’s the natural order of things around here, so they fix the damage and get on with it. They’re an industrious bunch. Fixes have included welding and replacing, but also, in a couple of cases, Super Glue and a surfboard repair kit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other perspective sees the law of diminishing returns at work. As Polar Star (now in her 40s) gets older, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/01/12/polar-missions-on-thin-ice-with-aging-equipment/\">she breaks more\u003c/a> — both more often and more seriously. More breakage not only imperils or at least alters the mission, as it did with Marble Point, but it also means more time in dry-dock, where repairs have to be hurriedly accomplished so that she can head out again for the next trip south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_485147\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-485147\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12569_JV0A9031-qut.jpg\" alt=\"This view of Polar Star in dry-dock reveals the specially-shaped keel for riding up onto heavy ice.\" width=\"1400\" height=\"959\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12569_JV0A9031-qut.jpg 1400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12569_JV0A9031-qut-400x274.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12569_JV0A9031-qut-800x548.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12569_JV0A9031-qut-768x526.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12569_JV0A9031-qut-1180x808.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/RS12569_JV0A9031-qut-960x658.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This view of Polar Star in dry-dock reveals the specially-shaped keel for riding up onto heavy ice. \u003ccite>(Adam Grossberg/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Between Deep Freeze and \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/11/03/aging-u-s-icebreaker-fleet-may-imperil-polar-science/\">dry-dock in Vallejo\u003c/a>, Polar Star was out of home port something like 320 days. The day may well be at hand when Polar Star will only oscillate between going south and being fixed after going south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Next Time: The End of the World!\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Brandon R. Reynolds lives in Los Angeles but currently summers in the Antarctic Circle. He has written for San Francisco Magazine, SF Weekly, The Atlantic, and Oxford American (not the dictionary).\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Maybe El Niño isn't as bad as its reputation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>El Niño is an ocean-warming phenomenon in the Pacific that crops up every few years and alters world weather patterns. And the world is in the middle of a big El Niño that roughly began in May 2015 and will continue for at least several more months this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This El Niño has already been linked to a series of weather-related disasters: Massive flooding in Paraguay. Drought in Ethiopia. Another looming food crisis in Madagascar and Zimbabwe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for all the doom and gloom, scientists say there's also a silver lining here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand why, you need to go back to the last time the planet was hit by an El Niño this big — in 1997. That event, which lasted through 1998, seemed particularly devastating to poor countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of people were looking around at the climate impacts and starting to create lists of how expensive that El Niño event was, how much damage it was costing,\" says Columbia University climate scientist \u003ca href=\"http://iri.columbia.edu/contact/staff-directory/lisa-goddard/\">Lisa Goddard\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, as now, there was a lot to add up: flooding in Peru, drought-fueled wildfires in Indonesia, a severe malaria epidemic in Kenya caused by excessive rainfall. The tab reached into the tens of billions of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The conclusion that was coming out was that El Niño events were very costly, were very damaging, were very extreme,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Goddard, who heads Columbia's \u003ca href=\"http://iri.columbia.edu/\">International Research Institute for Climate and Society\u003c/a>, had her doubts. After all, she notes, \"Different parts of the world experience extreme climate in any year.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Were extreme weather disasters really more likely to occur across the world during El Niño years?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we found was that they weren't,\" says Goddard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, what she and a colleague \u003ca href=\"http://iri.columbia.edu/~goddard/papers/Goddard_Dilley_2005.pdf\">concluded \u003c/a>after an extensive review of the data is that what distinguishes climate disasters during an El Niño isn't that they're more severe or more numerous. It's that El Niño-produced disasters are more ... predictable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goddard explains that scientists know an El Niño is coming when — for reasons that are not fully understood — the waters of the Pacific become unusually warm. That warming \"reorganizes the seasonal pattern of weather — like where the jet stream is carrying the storms,\" she says. The signature pattern of an El Niño has been well-documented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Screen-Shot-2016-01-22-at-10.36.38-AM.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10841439\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10841439\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Screen-Shot-2016-01-22-at-10.36.38-AM.png\" alt=\"Screen Shot 2016-01-22 at 10.36.38 AM\" width=\"780\" height=\"606\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Screen-Shot-2016-01-22-at-10.36.38-AM.png 780w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Screen-Shot-2016-01-22-at-10.36.38-AM-400x311.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Screen-Shot-2016-01-22-at-10.36.38-AM-768x597.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What's more, the stronger the El Niño, the more pronounced the effect — and therefore the more accurately scientists can predict the impacts. So this current, extra-powerful El Niño has offered governments and aid agencies a rare chance to prepare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take the United Nation's World Food Program. \u003ca href=\"https://www.wfp.org/people/richard-choularton\">Richard Choularton\u003c/a> is overseeing a groundbreaking \u003ca href=\"http://www.wfp.org/news/news-release/releasing-disaster-funds-crises-would-transform-humanitarian-response\">shift \u003c/a>there. They're monitoring the El Niño forecasts to identify places where a natural disaster \u003cem>might\u003c/em> hit so they can send aid money proactively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, explains Choularton, \"If you need a certain amount of rainfall for a maize crop to grow, and the forecast says there's a 60 percent chance that you'll get less than that, we trigger funding for communities to do things that will help them deal with a drought.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, in this scenario that would mean there's a 40 percent chance there won't be a drought. The WFP could end up spending money that wasn't needed. But Choularton says it's worth the risk because preventive aid is so much cheaper than emergency aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In fact, this is what's given us the confidence to be able to say we should be able to act before something happens based on the forecast, because we know that we'll save money in the long run.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WFP is setting up this pilot effort in five countries where El Niño-related weather could create food shortages in the coming months: Guatemala, Niger, Sudan, Zimbabwe and the Philippines. The International Red Cross has launched a similar program for Uganda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's never happened before,\" says Choularton. \"It really is changing the fundamental way we do our work from one which is reactive to one which is anticipatory.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, forewarned hasn't always meant forearmed in this El Niño.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Especially in Indonesia. Every fall, everyone from small farmers to big companies there set fires to clear land for palm oil production. It's always a problem. But this past year, the El Niño created extra-dry conditions. Any fires were bound to get out of control. And the government did spread the word.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Of course they told people about the situation,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://ccromseap.ipb.ac.id/web/profile/view/1\">Rizaldi Boer\u003c/a>, director of the Center for Climate Risk and Opportunity Management at Indonesia's Bogor Agricultural University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Boer says in many cases the warnings only encouraged people to set fires. They thought it would be the ideal year to do it, says Boer, because the fires would burn more easily and they could clear land more quickly. \"They really made use of the situation to get more land.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result was fires that raged for weeks, choking the region with smoke, sickening hundreds of thousands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boer says the solution for the next El Niño will be to give people a better reason \u003cem>not\u003c/em> to set fires — cracking down on offenders, of course, but just as important is offering financial rewards to villages that resist the temptation.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Maybe El Niño isn't as bad as its reputation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>El Niño is an ocean-warming phenomenon in the Pacific that crops up every few years and alters world weather patterns. And the world is in the middle of a big El Niño that roughly began in May 2015 and will continue for at least several more months this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This El Niño has already been linked to a series of weather-related disasters: Massive flooding in Paraguay. Drought in Ethiopia. Another looming food crisis in Madagascar and Zimbabwe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for all the doom and gloom, scientists say there's also a silver lining here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand why, you need to go back to the last time the planet was hit by an El Niño this big — in 1997. That event, which lasted through 1998, seemed particularly devastating to poor countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of people were looking around at the climate impacts and starting to create lists of how expensive that El Niño event was, how much damage it was costing,\" says Columbia University climate scientist \u003ca href=\"http://iri.columbia.edu/contact/staff-directory/lisa-goddard/\">Lisa Goddard\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, as now, there was a lot to add up: flooding in Peru, drought-fueled wildfires in Indonesia, a severe malaria epidemic in Kenya caused by excessive rainfall. The tab reached into the tens of billions of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The conclusion that was coming out was that El Niño events were very costly, were very damaging, were very extreme,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Goddard, who heads Columbia's \u003ca href=\"http://iri.columbia.edu/\">International Research Institute for Climate and Society\u003c/a>, had her doubts. After all, she notes, \"Different parts of the world experience extreme climate in any year.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Were extreme weather disasters really more likely to occur across the world during El Niño years?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we found was that they weren't,\" says Goddard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, what she and a colleague \u003ca href=\"http://iri.columbia.edu/~goddard/papers/Goddard_Dilley_2005.pdf\">concluded \u003c/a>after an extensive review of the data is that what distinguishes climate disasters during an El Niño isn't that they're more severe or more numerous. It's that El Niño-produced disasters are more ... predictable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goddard explains that scientists know an El Niño is coming when — for reasons that are not fully understood — the waters of the Pacific become unusually warm. That warming \"reorganizes the seasonal pattern of weather — like where the jet stream is carrying the storms,\" she says. The signature pattern of an El Niño has been well-documented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Screen-Shot-2016-01-22-at-10.36.38-AM.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10841439\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10841439\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Screen-Shot-2016-01-22-at-10.36.38-AM.png\" alt=\"Screen Shot 2016-01-22 at 10.36.38 AM\" width=\"780\" height=\"606\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Screen-Shot-2016-01-22-at-10.36.38-AM.png 780w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Screen-Shot-2016-01-22-at-10.36.38-AM-400x311.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/Screen-Shot-2016-01-22-at-10.36.38-AM-768x597.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What's more, the stronger the El Niño, the more pronounced the effect — and therefore the more accurately scientists can predict the impacts. So this current, extra-powerful El Niño has offered governments and aid agencies a rare chance to prepare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take the United Nation's World Food Program. \u003ca href=\"https://www.wfp.org/people/richard-choularton\">Richard Choularton\u003c/a> is overseeing a groundbreaking \u003ca href=\"http://www.wfp.org/news/news-release/releasing-disaster-funds-crises-would-transform-humanitarian-response\">shift \u003c/a>there. They're monitoring the El Niño forecasts to identify places where a natural disaster \u003cem>might\u003c/em> hit so they can send aid money proactively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, explains Choularton, \"If you need a certain amount of rainfall for a maize crop to grow, and the forecast says there's a 60 percent chance that you'll get less than that, we trigger funding for communities to do things that will help them deal with a drought.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, in this scenario that would mean there's a 40 percent chance there won't be a drought. The WFP could end up spending money that wasn't needed. But Choularton says it's worth the risk because preventive aid is so much cheaper than emergency aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In fact, this is what's given us the confidence to be able to say we should be able to act before something happens based on the forecast, because we know that we'll save money in the long run.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WFP is setting up this pilot effort in five countries where El Niño-related weather could create food shortages in the coming months: Guatemala, Niger, Sudan, Zimbabwe and the Philippines. The International Red Cross has launched a similar program for Uganda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's never happened before,\" says Choularton. \"It really is changing the fundamental way we do our work from one which is reactive to one which is anticipatory.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, forewarned hasn't always meant forearmed in this El Niño.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Especially in Indonesia. Every fall, everyone from small farmers to big companies there set fires to clear land for palm oil production. It's always a problem. But this past year, the El Niño created extra-dry conditions. Any fires were bound to get out of control. And the government did spread the word.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Of course they told people about the situation,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://ccromseap.ipb.ac.id/web/profile/view/1\">Rizaldi Boer\u003c/a>, director of the Center for Climate Risk and Opportunity Management at Indonesia's Bogor Agricultural University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Boer says in many cases the warnings only encouraged people to set fires. They thought it would be the ideal year to do it, says Boer, because the fires would burn more easily and they could clear land more quickly. \"They really made use of the situation to get more land.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result was fires that raged for weeks, choking the region with smoke, sickening hundreds of thousands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boer says the solution for the next El Niño will be to give people a better reason \u003cem>not\u003c/em> to set fires — cracking down on offenders, of course, but just as important is offering financial rewards to villages that resist the temptation.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Turmoil at Coastal Commission Worries Environmentalists",
"publishDate": 1453456859,
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"headTitle": "Turmoil at Coastal Commission Worries Environmentalists | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The powerful California agency that manages development along the state’s fabled coastline may oust its top executive soon, setting up a battlefront between environmentalists and developers who frequently clash over projects large and small.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The potential shake-up at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.coastal.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Coastal Commission\u003c/a> raises questions about the direction of an agency often caught in the friction between property owners and conservation along the 1,100-mile coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission’s chairman, Steve Kinsey, notified Executive Director Charles Lester in a letter released Wednesday that the panel \u003ca href=\"http://documents.coastal.ca.gov/assets/press-releases/dr-lester/edhearing.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">will consider whether to fire him\u003c/a> next month. Lester has held the post since 2011, and no reason was given for the proposed dismissal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kinsey did not return a phone call or email seeking comment. However, environmental activists suspect some commission members want to push out Lester to make way for management that would be more welcoming to development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Susan Jordan of the California Coastal Protection Network said Lester’s ouster would leave the agency in turmoil and intimidate its staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”3f74YZQcq32EDiCmVMDMDtilsFn30xND”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not just about the homeowner who wants to build on the bluff. We are talking about billion-dollar projects,” Jordan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission has been at the center of fierce battles over beach access in celebrity enclaves, and it’s facing a lawsuit after \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/11/06/new-bill-would-phase-out-captivity-public-display-of-orcas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">banning SeaWorld from breeding captive killer whales\u003c/a> at its San Diego marine park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move to replace Lester comes in the midst of a long-running review of a proposed development of nearly 1,400 homes, a resort and retail space known as Banning Ranch in the Newport Beach area. Companies involved in the project include real estate firm Brooks Street, Cherokee Investment Partners and Aera Energy, which is jointly owned by affiliates of Royal Dutch Shell PLC and Exxon Mobil Corp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The timing of this may be very relative to the Banning Ranch case,” said Steve Ray, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"http://banningranchconservancy.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Banning Ranch Conservancy\u003c/a>, which wants the 400-acre site to remain open space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the last, large piece of unprotected open space left on the Southern California coast. This is the last big battle,” Ray said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10841446\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10841446\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/BanningRanch-800x735.jpg\" alt=\"Despite Banning Ranch's history of oil development, Coastal Commission director Charles Lester says it's "incredibly rich in biological resources."\" width=\"800\" height=\"735\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/BanningRanch-800x735.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/BanningRanch-400x368.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/BanningRanch-768x706.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/BanningRanch-1440x1324.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/BanningRanch.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/BanningRanch-1180x1085.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/BanningRanch-960x883.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Despite Banning Ranch’s history of oil development, Coastal Commission director Charles Lester says it’s “incredibly rich in biological resources.” \u003ccite>(ltenney1225/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lester, quoted in a media report last year, was skeptical of the project. Coastal Commission staff had recommended denial of the plan and thought developers didn’t work hard enough to identify sensitive habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This site is incredibly rich in biological resources,” Lester told the Orange County Register in October. “Despite its history of oil development, it deserves a more sensitive and creative effort to address the Coastal Act requirements than we have seen to date.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Commission spokeswoman Noaki Schwartz said in an email that Lester was not available for comment. She said he has exercised his right to have a public hearing on his possible dismissal, which will take place Feb. 10.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former commissioner Steve Blank, who was viewed as an environmental advocate and resigned in 2013, said the move to oust Lester was not a surprise and that developers have long sought greater influence at the agency that regulates them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a change in top management “the end result will be the paving of the California coast, because Charles Lester is the most reasonable guy you will ever get on the commission,” he said. “I don’t understand why (Gov. Jerry Brown) wants this as his legacy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown, a Democrat who appoints four of the commission’s 12 voting members, declined to comment on Lester’s possible dismissal through a spokesman.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The powerful California agency that manages development along the state’s fabled coastline may oust its top executive soon, setting up a battlefront between environmentalists and developers who frequently clash over projects large and small.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The potential shake-up at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.coastal.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Coastal Commission\u003c/a> raises questions about the direction of an agency often caught in the friction between property owners and conservation along the 1,100-mile coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission’s chairman, Steve Kinsey, notified Executive Director Charles Lester in a letter released Wednesday that the panel \u003ca href=\"http://documents.coastal.ca.gov/assets/press-releases/dr-lester/edhearing.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">will consider whether to fire him\u003c/a> next month. Lester has held the post since 2011, and no reason was given for the proposed dismissal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kinsey did not return a phone call or email seeking comment. However, environmental activists suspect some commission members want to push out Lester to make way for management that would be more welcoming to development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Susan Jordan of the California Coastal Protection Network said Lester’s ouster would leave the agency in turmoil and intimidate its staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not just about the homeowner who wants to build on the bluff. We are talking about billion-dollar projects,” Jordan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission has been at the center of fierce battles over beach access in celebrity enclaves, and it’s facing a lawsuit after \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/11/06/new-bill-would-phase-out-captivity-public-display-of-orcas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">banning SeaWorld from breeding captive killer whales\u003c/a> at its San Diego marine park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move to replace Lester comes in the midst of a long-running review of a proposed development of nearly 1,400 homes, a resort and retail space known as Banning Ranch in the Newport Beach area. Companies involved in the project include real estate firm Brooks Street, Cherokee Investment Partners and Aera Energy, which is jointly owned by affiliates of Royal Dutch Shell PLC and Exxon Mobil Corp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The timing of this may be very relative to the Banning Ranch case,” said Steve Ray, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"http://banningranchconservancy.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Banning Ranch Conservancy\u003c/a>, which wants the 400-acre site to remain open space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the last, large piece of unprotected open space left on the Southern California coast. This is the last big battle,” Ray said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10841446\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10841446\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/BanningRanch-800x735.jpg\" alt=\"Despite Banning Ranch's history of oil development, Coastal Commission director Charles Lester says it's "incredibly rich in biological resources."\" width=\"800\" height=\"735\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/BanningRanch-800x735.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/BanningRanch-400x368.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/BanningRanch-768x706.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/BanningRanch-1440x1324.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/BanningRanch.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/BanningRanch-1180x1085.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/BanningRanch-960x883.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Despite Banning Ranch’s history of oil development, Coastal Commission director Charles Lester says it’s “incredibly rich in biological resources.” \u003ccite>(ltenney1225/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Lester, quoted in a media report last year, was skeptical of the project. Coastal Commission staff had recommended denial of the plan and thought developers didn’t work hard enough to identify sensitive habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This site is incredibly rich in biological resources,” Lester told the Orange County Register in October. “Despite its history of oil development, it deserves a more sensitive and creative effort to address the Coastal Act requirements than we have seen to date.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Commission spokeswoman Noaki Schwartz said in an email that Lester was not available for comment. She said he has exercised his right to have a public hearing on his possible dismissal, which will take place Feb. 10.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former commissioner Steve Blank, who was viewed as an environmental advocate and resigned in 2013, said the move to oust Lester was not a surprise and that developers have long sought greater influence at the agency that regulates them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a change in top management “the end result will be the paving of the California coast, because Charles Lester is the most reasonable guy you will ever get on the commission,” he said. “I don’t understand why (Gov. Jerry Brown) wants this as his legacy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown, a Democrat who appoints four of the commission’s 12 voting members, declined to comment on Lester’s possible dismissal through a spokesman.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Our stormy January has produced a series of cool pictures from space. I’m partial to the photomosaics published every day on \u003ca target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"https://earthdata.nasa.gov/labs/worldview/\">NASA’s Worldview\u003c/a> site. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You need to be a little patient each day, as the northern Pacific, where our weather is coming from is generally the last part \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/21/january-storms-bay-area-california\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" id=\"rssmi_more\">Read More …\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source:: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/21/january-storms-bay-area-california\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Bay Area, You’ve Got Another Date With a Storm\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Newsfix – Science\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.savesfbay.org/\">Save the Bay\u003c/a>’s last living founder, Sylvia McLaughlin, died at her home in Berkeley on Tuesday. She was 99. The organization helped kick off the modern, grassroots environmental movement in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1950s, San Francisco Bay was in dire shape. There were plans to fill in most of it for development, leaving just a narrow channel of water. The Bay was regularly filled to provide space for ports, industry, airports, homes, and even garbage dumps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Families didn’t stroll along the shoreline because it was rife with trash and industrial development. The wetlands and wildlife were quickly disappearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McLaughlin could not sit by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_483245\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 3407px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-483245 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Save-The-Bay-Founders-photographer-unknown.jpg\" alt=\"Save the Bay’s founders: Esther Gulick, Sylvia McLaughlin, and Kay Kerr.\" width=\"3407\" height=\"2080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Save-The-Bay-Founders-photographer-unknown.jpg 3407w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Save-The-Bay-Founders-photographer-unknown-400x244.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Save-The-Bay-Founders-photographer-unknown-800x488.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Save-The-Bay-Founders-photographer-unknown-768x469.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Save-The-Bay-Founders-photographer-unknown-1440x879.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Save-The-Bay-Founders-photographer-unknown-1920x1172.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Save-The-Bay-Founders-photographer-unknown-1180x720.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Save-The-Bay-Founders-photographer-unknown-960x586.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3407px) 100vw, 3407px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Save the Bay’s founders: Esther Gulick, Sylvia McLaughlin, and Kay Kerr. \u003ccite>(Save the Bay)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She and friends Kay Kerr and Esther Gulick started a movement to stop Berkeley’s plan to fill in 2,000 acres of the Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a bold undertaking for a woman married to the head of a major mining company. McLaughlin’s husband was Donald McLaughlin, president of Homestake Mining Co.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was also 1961. The term “environmentalism” had not yet entered the popular lexicon and many didn’t support the women’s campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/10/14/the-amazing-transformation-of-san-franciscos-sludge-puddle/\">KQED’s Amy Standen reported in 2011\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>McLaughlin says it was not always a popular position to take. “I got called all kinds of names, not very complementary,” she recalls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while developers complained, Save the Bay was growing as an organization, in ways that other groups hadn’t thought to do in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They very wisely turned themselves into a mass organization by charging $1 for membership,” says UC Berkeley professor of geology Richard Walker. “And they very quickly had thousands, even tens of thousands of members within two years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to its vast membership, Save the Bay rallied the media. Pete Seeger even wrote a song about the Bay, calling it a “sludge puddle, sad and gray.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until this point, says Walker, environmentalism had been a small, elite movement. But Save the Bay changed that.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Over the years, McLaughlin won victories to open parks and restore public access to the shoreline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a cleaner, healthier and more vibrant Bay because of Sylvia’s efforts,” Save The Bay Executive Director David Lewis said in a statement. “Her drive, determination and spark will remain an inspiration to us all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A memorial service will be held on Tuesday, Feb. 2 at 4 p.m., at St. Mark’s Episcopal Church in Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/04/21/earth-day-tv-special-where-weve-been-where-were-headed/\">KQED interview\u003c/a> with McLaughlin about why she started Save the Bay:\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=50opyKckcXE?start=216]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.savesfbay.org/\">Save the Bay\u003c/a>’s last living founder, Sylvia McLaughlin, died at her home in Berkeley on Tuesday. She was 99. The organization helped kick off the modern, grassroots environmental movement in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1950s, San Francisco Bay was in dire shape. There were plans to fill in most of it for development, leaving just a narrow channel of water. The Bay was regularly filled to provide space for ports, industry, airports, homes, and even garbage dumps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Families didn’t stroll along the shoreline because it was rife with trash and industrial development. The wetlands and wildlife were quickly disappearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McLaughlin could not sit by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_483245\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 3407px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-483245 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Save-The-Bay-Founders-photographer-unknown.jpg\" alt=\"Save the Bay’s founders: Esther Gulick, Sylvia McLaughlin, and Kay Kerr.\" width=\"3407\" height=\"2080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Save-The-Bay-Founders-photographer-unknown.jpg 3407w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Save-The-Bay-Founders-photographer-unknown-400x244.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Save-The-Bay-Founders-photographer-unknown-800x488.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Save-The-Bay-Founders-photographer-unknown-768x469.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Save-The-Bay-Founders-photographer-unknown-1440x879.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Save-The-Bay-Founders-photographer-unknown-1920x1172.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Save-The-Bay-Founders-photographer-unknown-1180x720.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Save-The-Bay-Founders-photographer-unknown-960x586.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3407px) 100vw, 3407px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Save the Bay’s founders: Esther Gulick, Sylvia McLaughlin, and Kay Kerr. \u003ccite>(Save the Bay)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She and friends Kay Kerr and Esther Gulick started a movement to stop Berkeley’s plan to fill in 2,000 acres of the Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a bold undertaking for a woman married to the head of a major mining company. McLaughlin’s husband was Donald McLaughlin, president of Homestake Mining Co.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was also 1961. The term “environmentalism” had not yet entered the popular lexicon and many didn’t support the women’s campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/10/14/the-amazing-transformation-of-san-franciscos-sludge-puddle/\">KQED’s Amy Standen reported in 2011\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>McLaughlin says it was not always a popular position to take. “I got called all kinds of names, not very complementary,” she recalls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while developers complained, Save the Bay was growing as an organization, in ways that other groups hadn’t thought to do in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They very wisely turned themselves into a mass organization by charging $1 for membership,” says UC Berkeley professor of geology Richard Walker. “And they very quickly had thousands, even tens of thousands of members within two years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to its vast membership, Save the Bay rallied the media. Pete Seeger even wrote a song about the Bay, calling it a “sludge puddle, sad and gray.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until this point, says Walker, environmentalism had been a small, elite movement. But Save the Bay changed that.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Over the years, McLaughlin won victories to open parks and restore public access to the shoreline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a cleaner, healthier and more vibrant Bay because of Sylvia’s efforts,” Save The Bay Executive Director David Lewis said in a statement. “Her drive, determination and spark will remain an inspiration to us all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A memorial service will be held on Tuesday, Feb. 2 at 4 p.m., at St. Mark’s Episcopal Church in Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/04/21/earth-day-tv-special-where-weve-been-where-were-headed/\">KQED interview\u003c/a> with McLaughlin about why she started Save the Bay:\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/50opyKckcXE?start=216'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/50opyKckcXE?start=216'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Six-Legged Giant Finds Secret Hideaway, Hides for 80 Years",
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"content": "\u003cp>No, this isn’t a make-believe place. It’s real.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They call it “Ball’s Pyramid.” It’s what’s left of an old volcano that emerged from the sea about 7 million years ago. A British naval officer named Ball was the first European to see it in 1788. It sits off Australia, in the South Pacific. It is extremely narrow, 1,844 feet high, and it sits alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s more, for years this place had a secret. At 225 feet above sea level, hanging on the rock surface, there is a small, spindly little bush, and under that bush, a few years ago, two climbers, working in the dark, found something totally improbable hiding in the soil below. How it got there, we still don’t know.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s the story: About 13 miles from this spindle of rock, there’s a bigger island, called Lord Howe Island.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_481268\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 749px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-481268\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/tree-lobsters.jpg\" alt=\"Dryococelus australis live on Ball's Pyramid off the east coast of Australia and, as best we know, live nowhere else.\" width=\"749\" height=\"1000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/tree-lobsters.jpg 749w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/tree-lobsters-400x534.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 749px) 100vw, 749px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dryococelus australis live on Ball’s Pyramid off the east coast of Australia and, as best we know, live nowhere else. \u003ccite>(Rod Morris)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On Lord Howe, there used to be an insect, famous for being big. It’s a stick insect, a critter that masquerades as a piece of wood, and the Lord Howe Island version was so large — as big as a human hand — that the Europeans labeled it a “tree lobster” because of its size and hard, lobsterlike exoskeleton. It was 12 centimeters long and the heaviest flightless stick insect in the world. Local fishermen used to put them on fishing hooks and use them as bait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then one day in 1918, a supply ship, the S.S. Makambo from Britain, ran aground at Lord Howe Island and had to be evacuated. One passenger drowned. The rest were put ashore. It took nine days to repair the Makambo, and during that time, some black rats managed to get from the ship to the island, where they instantly discovered a delicious new rat food: giant stick insects. Two years later, the rats were everywhere and the tree lobsters were gone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Totally gone. After 1920, there wasn’t a single sighting. By 1960, the Lord Howe stick insect, \u003cem>Dryococelus australis\u003c/em>, was presumed extinct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a rumor, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some climbers scaling Ball’s Pyramid in the 1960s said they’d seen a few stick insect corpses lying on the rocks that looked “recently dead.” But the species is nocturnal, and nobody wanted to scale the spire hunting for bugs in the dark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Climbing the Pyramid\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fast forward to 2001, when two Australian scientists, David Priddel and Nicholas Carlile, with two assistants, decided to take a closer look. From the water, they’d seen a few patches of vegetation that just might support walking sticks. So, they boated over. (“Swimming would have been much easier,” Carlile said, “but there are too many sharks.”) They crawled up the vertical rock face to about 500 feet, where they found a few crickets, nothing special. But on their way down, on a precarious, unstable rock surface, they saw a single melaleuca bush peeping out of a crack and, underneath, what looked like fresh droppings of some large insect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_481269\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-481269\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/tree-lobster-800x600.jpg\" alt='Two of the insects dubbed \"Adam\" and \"Eve,\" were taken to the Melbourne Zoo and placed in an invertebrate conservation breeding group.' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/tree-lobster.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/tree-lobster-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/tree-lobster-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two of the insects dubbed “Adam” and “Eve,” were taken to the Melbourne Zoo and placed in an invertebrate conservation breeding group. \u003ccite>(Patrick Honan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Where, they wondered, did that poop come from?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only thing to do was to go back up after dark, with flashlights and cameras, to see if the pooper would be out taking a nighttime walk. Nick Carlile and a local ranger, Dean Hiscox, agreed to make the climb. And with flashlights, they scaled the wall till they reached the plant, and there, spread out on the bushy surface, were two enormous, shiny, black-looking bodies. And below those two, slithering into the muck, were more, and more … 24 in all. All gathered near this one plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were alive and, to Nick Carlile’s eye, enormous. Looking at them, he said, “It felt like stepping back into the Jurassic age, when insects ruled the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were \u003cem>Dryococelus australis. \u003c/em>A search the next morning, and two years later, concluded these are the only ones on Ball’s Pyramid, the last ones. They live there, and, as best we know, nowhere else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_481189\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-481189\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2012/02/carlile_nick-1585e09358e9517becd94e66ac7086e50bafddae-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Nick Carlile, seen here with the Lord Howe Island stick insect, discovered the thought-to-be extinct phasmid in 2001 on Ball's Pyramid.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2012/02/carlile_nick-1585e09358e9517becd94e66ac7086e50bafddae-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2012/02/carlile_nick-1585e09358e9517becd94e66ac7086e50bafddae-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2012/02/carlile_nick-1585e09358e9517becd94e66ac7086e50bafddae-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2012/02/carlile_nick-1585e09358e9517becd94e66ac7086e50bafddae.jpg 885w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nick Carlile, seen here with the Lord Howe Island stick insect, discovered the thought-to-be extinct phasmid in 2001 on Ball’s Pyramid. \u003ccite>(Patrick Honan/Nick Carlile)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>How they got there is a mystery. Maybe they hitchhiked on birds, or traveled with fishermen, and how they survived for so long on just a single patch of plants, nobody knows either. The important thing, the scientists thought, was to get a few of these insects protected and into a breeding program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That wasn’t so easy. The Australian government didn’t know if the animals on Ball’s Pyramid could or should be moved. There were meetings, studies, two years passed, and finally officials agreed to allow four animals to be retrieved. Just four.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the team went back to collect them, it turned out there had been a rock slide on the mountain, and at first they feared that the whole population had been wiped out. But when they got back up to the site, on Valentine’s Day 2003, the animals were still there, sitting on and around their bush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan was to take one pair and give it to a man who was very familiar with mainland walking stick insects, a private breeder living in Sydney. He got his pair, but within two weeks, they died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Adam and Eve and Patrick\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That left the other two. They were named “Adam” and “Eve,” taken to the Melbourne Zoo and placed with Patrick Honan, of the zoo’s invertebrate conservation breeding group. At first, everything went well. Eve began laying little pea-shaped eggs, exactly as hoped. But then she got sick. According to biologist Jane Goodall, \u003ca href=\"http://discovermagazine.com/2009/sep/16-jane-goodall-on-the-lazarus-effect\">writing for Discover Magazine\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Eve became very, very sick. Patrick … worked every night for a month desperately trying to cure her. … Eventually, based on gut instinct, Patrick concocted a mixture that included calcium and nectar and fed it to his patient, drop by drop, as she lay curled up in his hand.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_481190\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 505px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-481190\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2012/02/phasmidae_dryococelus-austr-d589e304d45fe69d0a8de24985a3dc1a8cb146b7.jpg\" alt=\"Male Lord Howe Island Stick Insect K.\" width=\"505\" height=\"380\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2012/02/phasmidae_dryococelus-austr-d589e304d45fe69d0a8de24985a3dc1a8cb146b7.jpg 505w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2012/02/phasmidae_dryococelus-austr-d589e304d45fe69d0a8de24985a3dc1a8cb146b7-400x301.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Male Lord Howe Island Stick Insect K. \u003ccite>(Matthew Bulbert/The Australian Museum)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Her recovery was almost instant. Patrick \u003ca href=\"http://www.abc.net.au/pm/content/2008/s2441929.htm\">told the Australian Broadcasting Company\u003c/a>, “She went from being on her back curled up in my hand, almost as good as dead, to being up and walking around within a couple of hours.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eve’s eggs were harvested, incubated (though it turns out only the first 30 were fertile) and became the foundation of the zoo’s new population of walking sticks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Jane Goodall visited in 2008, Patrick showed her rows and rows of incubating eggs: 11,376 at that time, with about 700 adults in the captive population. Lord Howe Island walking sticks seem to pair off — \u003ca href=\"http://www.aszk.org.au/docs/lhisi.pdf\">an unusual insect behavior\u003c/a> — and Goodall says Patrick “showed me photos of how they sleep at night, in pairs, the male with three of his legs protectively over the female beside him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now comes the question that bedevils all such conservation rescue stories. Once a rare animal is safe at the zoo, when can we release it back to the wild?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://vimeo.com/14413689\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Lord Howe Island, their former habitat, the great-great-great-grandkids of those original black rats are still out and about, presumably hungry and still a problem. Step one, therefore, would be to mount an intensive (and expensive) rat annihilation program. Residents would, no doubt, be happy to go rat-free, but not every Lord Howe islander wants to make the neighborhood safe for gigantic, hard-shell crawling insects. So the Melbourne Museum is mulling over a public relations campaign to make these insects more … well, adorable, or noble, or whatever it takes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They recently made a video, with strumming guitars, featuring a brand new baby emerging from its egg. The newborn is emerald green, squirmy and so long, it just keeps coming and coming from an impossibly small container. Will this soften the hearts of Lord Howe islanders? I dunno. It’s so … so … big.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, hey, why don’t you look for yourself?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happens next? The story is simple: A bunch of black rats almost wiped out a bunch of gigantic bugs on a little island far, far away from most of us. A few dedicated scientists, passionate about biological diversity, risked their lives to keep the bugs going. For the bugs to get their homes and their future back doesn’t depend on scientists anymore. They’ve done their job. Now it’s up to the folks on Lord Howe Island.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Will ordinary Janes and Joes, going about their days, agree to spend a little extra effort and money to preserve an animal that isn’t what most of us would call beautiful? Its main attraction is that it has lived on the planet for a long time, and we have the power to keep it around. I don’t know if it will work, but in the end, that’s the walking stick’s best argument:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m still here. Don’t let me go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Six-Legged+Giant+Finds+Secret+Hideaway%2C+Hides+For+80+Years&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>No, this isn’t a make-believe place. It’s real.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They call it “Ball’s Pyramid.” It’s what’s left of an old volcano that emerged from the sea about 7 million years ago. A British naval officer named Ball was the first European to see it in 1788. It sits off Australia, in the South Pacific. It is extremely narrow, 1,844 feet high, and it sits alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s more, for years this place had a secret. At 225 feet above sea level, hanging on the rock surface, there is a small, spindly little bush, and under that bush, a few years ago, two climbers, working in the dark, found something totally improbable hiding in the soil below. How it got there, we still don’t know.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s the story: About 13 miles from this spindle of rock, there’s a bigger island, called Lord Howe Island.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_481268\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 749px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-481268\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/tree-lobsters.jpg\" alt=\"Dryococelus australis live on Ball's Pyramid off the east coast of Australia and, as best we know, live nowhere else.\" width=\"749\" height=\"1000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/tree-lobsters.jpg 749w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/tree-lobsters-400x534.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 749px) 100vw, 749px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dryococelus australis live on Ball’s Pyramid off the east coast of Australia and, as best we know, live nowhere else. \u003ccite>(Rod Morris)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On Lord Howe, there used to be an insect, famous for being big. It’s a stick insect, a critter that masquerades as a piece of wood, and the Lord Howe Island version was so large — as big as a human hand — that the Europeans labeled it a “tree lobster” because of its size and hard, lobsterlike exoskeleton. It was 12 centimeters long and the heaviest flightless stick insect in the world. Local fishermen used to put them on fishing hooks and use them as bait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then one day in 1918, a supply ship, the S.S. Makambo from Britain, ran aground at Lord Howe Island and had to be evacuated. One passenger drowned. The rest were put ashore. It took nine days to repair the Makambo, and during that time, some black rats managed to get from the ship to the island, where they instantly discovered a delicious new rat food: giant stick insects. Two years later, the rats were everywhere and the tree lobsters were gone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Totally gone. After 1920, there wasn’t a single sighting. By 1960, the Lord Howe stick insect, \u003cem>Dryococelus australis\u003c/em>, was presumed extinct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a rumor, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some climbers scaling Ball’s Pyramid in the 1960s said they’d seen a few stick insect corpses lying on the rocks that looked “recently dead.” But the species is nocturnal, and nobody wanted to scale the spire hunting for bugs in the dark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Climbing the Pyramid\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fast forward to 2001, when two Australian scientists, David Priddel and Nicholas Carlile, with two assistants, decided to take a closer look. From the water, they’d seen a few patches of vegetation that just might support walking sticks. So, they boated over. (“Swimming would have been much easier,” Carlile said, “but there are too many sharks.”) They crawled up the vertical rock face to about 500 feet, where they found a few crickets, nothing special. But on their way down, on a precarious, unstable rock surface, they saw a single melaleuca bush peeping out of a crack and, underneath, what looked like fresh droppings of some large insect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_481269\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-481269\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/tree-lobster-800x600.jpg\" alt='Two of the insects dubbed \"Adam\" and \"Eve,\" were taken to the Melbourne Zoo and placed in an invertebrate conservation breeding group.' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/tree-lobster.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/tree-lobster-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/tree-lobster-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two of the insects dubbed “Adam” and “Eve,” were taken to the Melbourne Zoo and placed in an invertebrate conservation breeding group. \u003ccite>(Patrick Honan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Where, they wondered, did that poop come from?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only thing to do was to go back up after dark, with flashlights and cameras, to see if the pooper would be out taking a nighttime walk. Nick Carlile and a local ranger, Dean Hiscox, agreed to make the climb. And with flashlights, they scaled the wall till they reached the plant, and there, spread out on the bushy surface, were two enormous, shiny, black-looking bodies. And below those two, slithering into the muck, were more, and more … 24 in all. All gathered near this one plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were alive and, to Nick Carlile’s eye, enormous. Looking at them, he said, “It felt like stepping back into the Jurassic age, when insects ruled the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were \u003cem>Dryococelus australis. \u003c/em>A search the next morning, and two years later, concluded these are the only ones on Ball’s Pyramid, the last ones. They live there, and, as best we know, nowhere else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_481189\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-481189\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2012/02/carlile_nick-1585e09358e9517becd94e66ac7086e50bafddae-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Nick Carlile, seen here with the Lord Howe Island stick insect, discovered the thought-to-be extinct phasmid in 2001 on Ball's Pyramid.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2012/02/carlile_nick-1585e09358e9517becd94e66ac7086e50bafddae-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2012/02/carlile_nick-1585e09358e9517becd94e66ac7086e50bafddae-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2012/02/carlile_nick-1585e09358e9517becd94e66ac7086e50bafddae-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2012/02/carlile_nick-1585e09358e9517becd94e66ac7086e50bafddae.jpg 885w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nick Carlile, seen here with the Lord Howe Island stick insect, discovered the thought-to-be extinct phasmid in 2001 on Ball’s Pyramid. \u003ccite>(Patrick Honan/Nick Carlile)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>How they got there is a mystery. Maybe they hitchhiked on birds, or traveled with fishermen, and how they survived for so long on just a single patch of plants, nobody knows either. The important thing, the scientists thought, was to get a few of these insects protected and into a breeding program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That wasn’t so easy. The Australian government didn’t know if the animals on Ball’s Pyramid could or should be moved. There were meetings, studies, two years passed, and finally officials agreed to allow four animals to be retrieved. Just four.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the team went back to collect them, it turned out there had been a rock slide on the mountain, and at first they feared that the whole population had been wiped out. But when they got back up to the site, on Valentine’s Day 2003, the animals were still there, sitting on and around their bush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan was to take one pair and give it to a man who was very familiar with mainland walking stick insects, a private breeder living in Sydney. He got his pair, but within two weeks, they died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Adam and Eve and Patrick\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That left the other two. They were named “Adam” and “Eve,” taken to the Melbourne Zoo and placed with Patrick Honan, of the zoo’s invertebrate conservation breeding group. At first, everything went well. Eve began laying little pea-shaped eggs, exactly as hoped. But then she got sick. According to biologist Jane Goodall, \u003ca href=\"http://discovermagazine.com/2009/sep/16-jane-goodall-on-the-lazarus-effect\">writing for Discover Magazine\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Eve became very, very sick. Patrick … worked every night for a month desperately trying to cure her. … Eventually, based on gut instinct, Patrick concocted a mixture that included calcium and nectar and fed it to his patient, drop by drop, as she lay curled up in his hand.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_481190\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 505px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-481190\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2012/02/phasmidae_dryococelus-austr-d589e304d45fe69d0a8de24985a3dc1a8cb146b7.jpg\" alt=\"Male Lord Howe Island Stick Insect K.\" width=\"505\" height=\"380\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2012/02/phasmidae_dryococelus-austr-d589e304d45fe69d0a8de24985a3dc1a8cb146b7.jpg 505w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2012/02/phasmidae_dryococelus-austr-d589e304d45fe69d0a8de24985a3dc1a8cb146b7-400x301.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Male Lord Howe Island Stick Insect K. \u003ccite>(Matthew Bulbert/The Australian Museum)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Her recovery was almost instant. Patrick \u003ca href=\"http://www.abc.net.au/pm/content/2008/s2441929.htm\">told the Australian Broadcasting Company\u003c/a>, “She went from being on her back curled up in my hand, almost as good as dead, to being up and walking around within a couple of hours.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eve’s eggs were harvested, incubated (though it turns out only the first 30 were fertile) and became the foundation of the zoo’s new population of walking sticks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Jane Goodall visited in 2008, Patrick showed her rows and rows of incubating eggs: 11,376 at that time, with about 700 adults in the captive population. Lord Howe Island walking sticks seem to pair off — \u003ca href=\"http://www.aszk.org.au/docs/lhisi.pdf\">an unusual insect behavior\u003c/a> — and Goodall says Patrick “showed me photos of how they sleep at night, in pairs, the male with three of his legs protectively over the female beside him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now comes the question that bedevils all such conservation rescue stories. Once a rare animal is safe at the zoo, when can we release it back to the wild?\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On Lord Howe Island, their former habitat, the great-great-great-grandkids of those original black rats are still out and about, presumably hungry and still a problem. Step one, therefore, would be to mount an intensive (and expensive) rat annihilation program. Residents would, no doubt, be happy to go rat-free, but not every Lord Howe islander wants to make the neighborhood safe for gigantic, hard-shell crawling insects. So the Melbourne Museum is mulling over a public relations campaign to make these insects more … well, adorable, or noble, or whatever it takes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They recently made a video, with strumming guitars, featuring a brand new baby emerging from its egg. The newborn is emerald green, squirmy and so long, it just keeps coming and coming from an impossibly small container. Will this soften the hearts of Lord Howe islanders? I dunno. It’s so … so … big.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, hey, why don’t you look for yourself?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happens next? The story is simple: A bunch of black rats almost wiped out a bunch of gigantic bugs on a little island far, far away from most of us. A few dedicated scientists, passionate about biological diversity, risked their lives to keep the bugs going. For the bugs to get their homes and their future back doesn’t depend on scientists anymore. They’ve done their job. Now it’s up to the folks on Lord Howe Island.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Will ordinary Janes and Joes, going about their days, agree to spend a little extra effort and money to preserve an animal that isn’t what most of us would call beautiful? Its main attraction is that it has lived on the planet for a long time, and we have the power to keep it around. I don’t know if it will work, but in the end, that’s the walking stick’s best argument:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>While we get a few hours to dry out — yes, after the soaking we got Sunday night and early Monday we’re going to partly withdraw complaints about errant weather models and \u003ca target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/11/23/ok-so-where-is-this-el-nino-already\">the feeble effects so far of El Niño\u003c/a> — let us take stock of how much \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/18/how-much-rain-fell-in-the-bay-area\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" id=\"rssmi_more\">Read More …\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source:: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/18/how-much-rain-fell-in-the-bay-area\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A Look at the Bay Area Rain Gauge After Sunday-Monday Soaking\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Newsfix – Science\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>While we get a few hours to dry out — yes, after the soaking we got Sunday night and early Monday we’re going to partly withdraw complaints about errant weather models and \u003ca target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/11/23/ok-so-where-is-this-el-nino-already\">the feeble effects so far of El Niño\u003c/a> — let us take stock of how much \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/18/how-much-rain-fell-in-the-bay-area\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" id=\"rssmi_more\">Read More …\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source:: \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/18/how-much-rain-fell-in-the-bay-area\" target=\"_self\" title=\"A Look at the Bay Area Rain Gauge After Sunday-Monday Soaking\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Newsfix – Science\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Whales, Penguins and a Few Loose Screws on An Epic Antarctic Voyage",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>The fourth \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/series/breaking-the-ice/\">in a series of dispatches\u003c/a> from freelance writer Brandon Reynolds aboard the USCG icebreaker Polar Star, on its annual resupply mission to the Antarctic research base, McMurdo Station. It’s a critical task imperiled by the nation’s aging, shrinking fleet of ice-breaking ships.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After about a week, we encounter ice. Like a Popsicle on a hot day, my feelings about it changed fast and were never quite the same after. Here is a full and true account of my relationship with ice:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DAY 9 – Miles of Ice to Get Through\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nWhat Polar Star really is, is the world’s greatest toy. She’s a big red boat that smashes up ice and makes a terrific sound as she’s doing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_474305\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-474305\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Ship-breaking-through-the-ice-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Polar Star's movement is difficult because the cut ice has nowhere to go. Subsequent maneuvers put huge cracks called leads between the ice. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Ship-breaking-through-the-ice-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Ship-breaking-through-the-ice-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Ship-breaking-through-the-ice-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Ship-breaking-through-the-ice-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Ship-breaking-through-the-ice-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Ship-breaking-through-the-ice.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Polar Star’s movement is difficult because the cut ice has nowhere to go. Subsequent maneuvers put huge cracks called leads between the ice. \u003ccite>(Brandon R. Reynolds)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This spirit of playfulness infects the first days of icebreaking. We’ve reached the ice coming off Ross Island, which is home to Mt. Byrd, Mt. Terror and Mt. Erebus–an active volcano. And somewhere up there, on the other side of the island is McMurdo Station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We celebrate with a day off the ship, playing around on the ice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I hop off with the crew and soon orcas and minke whales pop up in the open water at the stern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People smoke cigars on the ice and play football and walk around to nowhere in particular. I spot a group of people standing around a couple of toddlers running around flailing their arms. What in the screaming heck is that? Penguins. They’ve found us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This may be the strangest and most amazing place in the world. Penguins, whales, a volcano, a big sheet of ice, us and a boat are near the coldest and driest place on Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A pod of orcas shows up in the pool behind the ship, spy-hopping like great big Whack-a-Moles. One of them, before disappearing back into the dark waters, winks at me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_474308\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-474308\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Seals-on-ice-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Crabeater seals lounge on the ice in front of the Polar Star.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Seals-on-ice-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Seals-on-ice-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Seals-on-ice-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Seals-on-ice-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Seals-on-ice-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Seals-on-ice.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Crabeater seals lounge on the ice in front of the Polar Star. \u003ccite>(Brandon R. Reynolds)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DAY 10 – Carving Our Way to McMurdo Research Station\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe ice is one big sheet connected to Ross Island and we’re going to jigsaw it apart with this ship. We’ll cut a straight line through all that gleaming whiteness for the next few days and then carve a turning basin somewhere up ahead for the supply ships to maneuver near McMurdo, then head back out, then come back, and on and on, “turning big ice into little ice,” as they say around here. Sounds like a real hoot!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DAY 12 – Land Ahoy!\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Everything rattles on its hinges, except your teeth, which rattle in their sockets.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Amid all the ship’s shaking, I finally see McMurdo Station! It looks like a moon base or a mining town or a mining town on the moon, perched as it is on the barren black rock of Ross Island.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DAY 13 – Chattering Teeth \u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIce mostly comes in white and blue. When I get tired of looking at it, I can go below and feel it as though I’m sensing the world in Braille.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Living on a ship as it breaks through five to eight feet of ice is exactly what you’d imagine. You’re living through a controlled earthquake during the day and at night it’s like sleeping through a car crash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everything rattles on its hinges, except your teeth, which rattle in their sockets. You’re troubled by how quickly you come awake when they start smashing ice at 0800 and then you’re troubled a few days later by how easily you sleep through it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oh and here comes McMurdo again, still just sitting there, not in the ice, not vibrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DAY 14 – Things Break\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_474311\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 353px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-474311\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Mechanic-with-wrench-800x1200.jpg\" alt=\"Machinery technician Ryan Copeland replaces an eye-screw that holds an important part of the shaft hydraulics in place. The shaft vibrations stripped this part and the ship stopped for several hours while it was replaced. \" width=\"353\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Mechanic-with-wrench-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Mechanic-with-wrench-400x600.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Mechanic-with-wrench-768x1152.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Mechanic-with-wrench.jpg 853w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 353px) 100vw, 353px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Machinery technician Ryan Copeland replaces an eye-screw that holds an important part of the shaft hydraulics in place. The shaft vibrations stripped this part and the ship stopped for several hours while it was replaced. \u003ccite>(Brandon R. Reynolds)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Here’s a fun game to play:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1. Build a state-of-the-art icebreaking vessel 44 years ago.\u003cbr>\n2. Send it all around the world. Let it age.\u003cbr>\n3. Retire it for a couple of years. Unretire it.\u003cbr>\n4. Send it to Antarctica.\u003cbr>\n5. Watch how many things break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vibrations are hell on this ship. Screws unscrew. Things break. And the mechanics who repair this ship on a (no kidding) daily basis do not seem ruffled when bolts shear off or alarm bells wail. They climb down into the guts of the thing, repair it, and we’re back underway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DAY 15 – We May Be Crazy\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nI’m going to tell you something: There’s a lot of goddamn ice in the world. And the real aim of Operation Deep Freeze is apparently to run over all of it. The ice in your freezer? Polar Star makes every single cube. You know who doesn’t think about this? The people over at McMurdo who are probably laughing at us right now as we mow their lawn. And come to think of it, you’re probably laughing at us too: you with your liquid water up there, laughing as we make our way through a great big diaper of ice on the world’s chilly bottom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Brandon R. Reynolds lives in Los Angeles but currently summers in the Antarctic Circle. He has written for San Francisco Magazine, SF Weekly, The Atlantic, and Oxford American (not the dictionary). On Twitter @sonnyborderland.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The fourth in a series of dispatches, this piece describes Brandon Reynolds' experiences aboard Polar Star, an aging US Coast Guard ship. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>The fourth \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/series/breaking-the-ice/\">in a series of dispatches\u003c/a> from freelance writer Brandon Reynolds aboard the USCG icebreaker Polar Star, on its annual resupply mission to the Antarctic research base, McMurdo Station. It’s a critical task imperiled by the nation’s aging, shrinking fleet of ice-breaking ships.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After about a week, we encounter ice. Like a Popsicle on a hot day, my feelings about it changed fast and were never quite the same after. Here is a full and true account of my relationship with ice:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DAY 9 – Miles of Ice to Get Through\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nWhat Polar Star really is, is the world’s greatest toy. She’s a big red boat that smashes up ice and makes a terrific sound as she’s doing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_474305\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-474305\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Ship-breaking-through-the-ice-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Polar Star's movement is difficult because the cut ice has nowhere to go. Subsequent maneuvers put huge cracks called leads between the ice. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Ship-breaking-through-the-ice-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Ship-breaking-through-the-ice-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Ship-breaking-through-the-ice-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Ship-breaking-through-the-ice-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Ship-breaking-through-the-ice-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Ship-breaking-through-the-ice.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Polar Star’s movement is difficult because the cut ice has nowhere to go. Subsequent maneuvers put huge cracks called leads between the ice. \u003ccite>(Brandon R. Reynolds)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This spirit of playfulness infects the first days of icebreaking. We’ve reached the ice coming off Ross Island, which is home to Mt. Byrd, Mt. Terror and Mt. Erebus–an active volcano. And somewhere up there, on the other side of the island is McMurdo Station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We celebrate with a day off the ship, playing around on the ice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I hop off with the crew and soon orcas and minke whales pop up in the open water at the stern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People smoke cigars on the ice and play football and walk around to nowhere in particular. I spot a group of people standing around a couple of toddlers running around flailing their arms. What in the screaming heck is that? Penguins. They’ve found us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This may be the strangest and most amazing place in the world. Penguins, whales, a volcano, a big sheet of ice, us and a boat are near the coldest and driest place on Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A pod of orcas shows up in the pool behind the ship, spy-hopping like great big Whack-a-Moles. One of them, before disappearing back into the dark waters, winks at me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_474308\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-474308\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Seals-on-ice-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Crabeater seals lounge on the ice in front of the Polar Star.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Seals-on-ice-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Seals-on-ice-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Seals-on-ice-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Seals-on-ice-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Seals-on-ice-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Seals-on-ice.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Crabeater seals lounge on the ice in front of the Polar Star. \u003ccite>(Brandon R. Reynolds)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DAY 10 – Carving Our Way to McMurdo Research Station\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe ice is one big sheet connected to Ross Island and we’re going to jigsaw it apart with this ship. We’ll cut a straight line through all that gleaming whiteness for the next few days and then carve a turning basin somewhere up ahead for the supply ships to maneuver near McMurdo, then head back out, then come back, and on and on, “turning big ice into little ice,” as they say around here. Sounds like a real hoot!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DAY 12 – Land Ahoy!\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Everything rattles on its hinges, except your teeth, which rattle in their sockets.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Amid all the ship’s shaking, I finally see McMurdo Station! It looks like a moon base or a mining town or a mining town on the moon, perched as it is on the barren black rock of Ross Island.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DAY 13 – Chattering Teeth \u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIce mostly comes in white and blue. When I get tired of looking at it, I can go below and feel it as though I’m sensing the world in Braille.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Living on a ship as it breaks through five to eight feet of ice is exactly what you’d imagine. You’re living through a controlled earthquake during the day and at night it’s like sleeping through a car crash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everything rattles on its hinges, except your teeth, which rattle in their sockets. You’re troubled by how quickly you come awake when they start smashing ice at 0800 and then you’re troubled a few days later by how easily you sleep through it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oh and here comes McMurdo again, still just sitting there, not in the ice, not vibrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DAY 14 – Things Break\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_474311\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 353px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-474311\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Mechanic-with-wrench-800x1200.jpg\" alt=\"Machinery technician Ryan Copeland replaces an eye-screw that holds an important part of the shaft hydraulics in place. The shaft vibrations stripped this part and the ship stopped for several hours while it was replaced. \" width=\"353\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Mechanic-with-wrench-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Mechanic-with-wrench-400x600.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Mechanic-with-wrench-768x1152.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/01/Mechanic-with-wrench.jpg 853w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 353px) 100vw, 353px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Machinery technician Ryan Copeland replaces an eye-screw that holds an important part of the shaft hydraulics in place. The shaft vibrations stripped this part and the ship stopped for several hours while it was replaced. \u003ccite>(Brandon R. Reynolds)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Here’s a fun game to play:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1. Build a state-of-the-art icebreaking vessel 44 years ago.\u003cbr>\n2. Send it all around the world. Let it age.\u003cbr>\n3. Retire it for a couple of years. Unretire it.\u003cbr>\n4. Send it to Antarctica.\u003cbr>\n5. Watch how many things break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vibrations are hell on this ship. Screws unscrew. Things break. And the mechanics who repair this ship on a (no kidding) daily basis do not seem ruffled when bolts shear off or alarm bells wail. They climb down into the guts of the thing, repair it, and we’re back underway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>DAY 15 – We May Be Crazy\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nI’m going to tell you something: There’s a lot of goddamn ice in the world. And the real aim of Operation Deep Freeze is apparently to run over all of it. The ice in your freezer? Polar Star makes every single cube. You know who doesn’t think about this? The people over at McMurdo who are probably laughing at us right now as we mow their lawn. And come to think of it, you’re probably laughing at us too: you with your liquid water up there, laughing as we make our way through a great big diaper of ice on the world’s chilly bottom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Brandon R. Reynolds lives in Los Angeles but currently summers in the Antarctic Circle. He has written for San Francisco Magazine, SF Weekly, The Atlantic, and Oxford American (not the dictionary). On Twitter @sonnyborderland.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Gas Company Understated Benzene Exposure From Porter Ranch Leak",
"title": "Gas Company Understated Benzene Exposure From Porter Ranch Leak",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The company that owns the leaking natural gas well in Los Angeles understated the number of air samples showing higher-than-usual levels of benzene, The Associated Press reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adding to concerns over the disaster, efforts to stop the leak appear to have destabilized the well, \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-aliso-well-hole-20160115-story.html\">the Los Angeles Times reports\u003c/a>, raising the risk of a blowout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The leak at Porter Ranch, which recently prompted California to declare \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/06/brown-declares-state-of-emergency-over-porter-ranch-gas-leak\">a state of emergency\u003c/a>, has been spewing enormous quantities of the greenhouse gas methane into the air \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/12/23/porter-ranch-residents-at-wits-end-over-months-old-gas-leak\">for months\u003c/a>. It's expected to take months more to fix. The disaster \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/01/11/462627012/la-councilman-compares-porter-ranch-gas-leak-to-bp-oil-spill-but-on-land\">has been compared to the BP oil spill\u003c/a> for its impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company that owns the leaking well, Southern California Gas Co., \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2015/12/14/56207/socal-gas-took-days-to-inform-residents-local-agen/\">has been under fire\u003c/a> for not quickly communicating to nearby residents when the leak (which is invisible to the naked eye) began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10833735\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 768px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10833735\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWellWorkers-1.jpg\" alt=\"Workers on-site at a relief well SoCalGas drilled to try and stop the leak at its Aliso Canyon Storage Facility.\" width=\"768\" height=\"934\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWellWorkers-1.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWellWorkers-1-400x486.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers on-site at a relief well SoCalGas drilled to try and stop the leak at its Aliso Canyon Storage Facility. \u003ccite>(Lance DeLaura/SoCalGas)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now the AP says the utility has also been less than transparent about the results of its air tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SoCalGas \"understated the number of times airborne levels of the cancer-causing chemical benzene have spiked during the crisis,\" the wire service reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twice-daily \u003ca href=\"https://www.alisoupdates.com/acu-aliso-canyon-air-sample-results\">air sample results\u003c/a> have been posted online by the company. Summarizing the results, the company said benzene — which is known to cause \u003ca href=\"http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/benzene/basics/facts.asp\">leukemia and anemia\u003c/a> — was detected at \"extremely low concentrations ... consistent with the levels expected for the area.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The South Coast Air Quality Management District's \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/air-quality/air-toxic-studies/mates-iv/mates-iv-final-draft-report-4-1-15.pdf?sfvrsn=7\">most recent report on air pollution\u003c/a> notes that average levels of benzene across the L.A. area are less than 0.5 parts per billion. But the company puts \"levels expected for the area\" at up to 2 ppb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AP reports says that:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Apparently relying on that standard, SoCalGas originally said that benzene was found in amounts slightly higher than background levels in just two samples, both on Nov. 10. The suspect readings were 5.6 parts per billion in one gated development about a mile from the well and 3.7 parts per billion in the Porter Ranch Estates neighborhood of 1,100 homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"However, a more detailed look at the data by the AP and outside experts showed at least 10 other instances over seven days in November when benzene exceeded 1 part per billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In its update Thursday, SoCalGas said that nearly 1,200 tests had found 14 instances where benzene exceeded 1 part per billion, including one time in December.\"\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>A SoCalGas spokeswoman called the omission of those readings from the summaries \"an oversight,\" the AP says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company maintains there's no health risk posed by the leak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how much benzene threatens human health? It depends on whom you ask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>SoCalGas points to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=10043\">OSHA standard\u003c/a> for acceptable workplace exposure, which is 1,000 ppb over an eight-hour period.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://oehha.ca.gov/air/chronic_rels/pdf/BenzeneRELsJune2014.pdf\">California's EPA\u003c/a> has defined stricter levels for benzene: 8 ppb for acute exposure (one hour) and 1 ppb for eight-hour or chronic exposure.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The World Health Organization maintains there is \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/ipcs/features/benzene.pdf\">no safe concentration of benzene.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the Los Angeles Times \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-aliso-well-hole-20160115-story.html\">reports\u003c/a> that SoCalGas' efforts to cap the well have actually increased the risk of a blowout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"KSBPwVARzVWbX3cKA8YnSpQtbpEUeYUL\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seven attempts to plug the leak have made the area less stable, the paper reports:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"The chief deputy director of the [California Department of Conservation], Jason Marshall, and a senior oil and gas field regulator assigned to daily watch at Aliso Canyon, Scott McGurk, told The Times the site and wellhead were made more unstable by the gas company's attempts to stop the leak by pumping a slurry directly into the well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The last of those efforts, which stretched over several days beginning Dec. 22, expanded a crater around the wellhead, state and gas company officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The crater is now 25 feet deep, 80 feet long and 30 feet wide, those officials said. The wellhead sits exposed within the cavernous space, held in place with cables attached after it wobbled during the plugging attempt, Marshall and McGurk said. The well pipe and its control valves are exposed and unsupported within that hole, atop a deep field of pressurized gas. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\" 'If the wellhead fails, the thing is just going to be full blast,' said Gene Nelson, a physical sciences professor at Cuesta College. \"It will be a horrible, horrible problem. The leak rates would go way up.' \"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The newspaper also notes that even without a blowout, the leak could catch on fire. It quoted California Department of Conservation spokesman Don Drysdale as saying the possibility is \"a concern.\" You can \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-aliso-well-hole-20160115-story.html\">read the Times' full report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The company that owns the leaking natural gas well in Los Angeles understated the number of air samples showing higher-than-usual levels of benzene, The Associated Press reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adding to concerns over the disaster, efforts to stop the leak appear to have destabilized the well, \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-aliso-well-hole-20160115-story.html\">the Los Angeles Times reports\u003c/a>, raising the risk of a blowout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The leak at Porter Ranch, which recently prompted California to declare \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/06/brown-declares-state-of-emergency-over-porter-ranch-gas-leak\">a state of emergency\u003c/a>, has been spewing enormous quantities of the greenhouse gas methane into the air \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/12/23/porter-ranch-residents-at-wits-end-over-months-old-gas-leak\">for months\u003c/a>. It's expected to take months more to fix. The disaster \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/01/11/462627012/la-councilman-compares-porter-ranch-gas-leak-to-bp-oil-spill-but-on-land\">has been compared to the BP oil spill\u003c/a> for its impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company that owns the leaking well, Southern California Gas Co., \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2015/12/14/56207/socal-gas-took-days-to-inform-residents-local-agen/\">has been under fire\u003c/a> for not quickly communicating to nearby residents when the leak (which is invisible to the naked eye) began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10833735\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 768px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10833735\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWellWorkers-1.jpg\" alt=\"Workers on-site at a relief well SoCalGas drilled to try and stop the leak at its Aliso Canyon Storage Facility.\" width=\"768\" height=\"934\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWellWorkers-1.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWellWorkers-1-400x486.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers on-site at a relief well SoCalGas drilled to try and stop the leak at its Aliso Canyon Storage Facility. \u003ccite>(Lance DeLaura/SoCalGas)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now the AP says the utility has also been less than transparent about the results of its air tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SoCalGas \"understated the number of times airborne levels of the cancer-causing chemical benzene have spiked during the crisis,\" the wire service reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twice-daily \u003ca href=\"https://www.alisoupdates.com/acu-aliso-canyon-air-sample-results\">air sample results\u003c/a> have been posted online by the company. Summarizing the results, the company said benzene — which is known to cause \u003ca href=\"http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/benzene/basics/facts.asp\">leukemia and anemia\u003c/a> — was detected at \"extremely low concentrations ... consistent with the levels expected for the area.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The South Coast Air Quality Management District's \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/air-quality/air-toxic-studies/mates-iv/mates-iv-final-draft-report-4-1-15.pdf?sfvrsn=7\">most recent report on air pollution\u003c/a> notes that average levels of benzene across the L.A. area are less than 0.5 parts per billion. But the company puts \"levels expected for the area\" at up to 2 ppb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AP reports says that:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Apparently relying on that standard, SoCalGas originally said that benzene was found in amounts slightly higher than background levels in just two samples, both on Nov. 10. The suspect readings were 5.6 parts per billion in one gated development about a mile from the well and 3.7 parts per billion in the Porter Ranch Estates neighborhood of 1,100 homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"However, a more detailed look at the data by the AP and outside experts showed at least 10 other instances over seven days in November when benzene exceeded 1 part per billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In its update Thursday, SoCalGas said that nearly 1,200 tests had found 14 instances where benzene exceeded 1 part per billion, including one time in December.\"\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>A SoCalGas spokeswoman called the omission of those readings from the summaries \"an oversight,\" the AP says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company maintains there's no health risk posed by the leak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how much benzene threatens human health? It depends on whom you ask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>SoCalGas points to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=10043\">OSHA standard\u003c/a> for acceptable workplace exposure, which is 1,000 ppb over an eight-hour period.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://oehha.ca.gov/air/chronic_rels/pdf/BenzeneRELsJune2014.pdf\">California's EPA\u003c/a> has defined stricter levels for benzene: 8 ppb for acute exposure (one hour) and 1 ppb for eight-hour or chronic exposure.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The World Health Organization maintains there is \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/ipcs/features/benzene.pdf\">no safe concentration of benzene.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the Los Angeles Times \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-aliso-well-hole-20160115-story.html\">reports\u003c/a> that SoCalGas' efforts to cap the well have actually increased the risk of a blowout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seven attempts to plug the leak have made the area less stable, the paper reports:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"The chief deputy director of the [California Department of Conservation], Jason Marshall, and a senior oil and gas field regulator assigned to daily watch at Aliso Canyon, Scott McGurk, told The Times the site and wellhead were made more unstable by the gas company's attempts to stop the leak by pumping a slurry directly into the well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The last of those efforts, which stretched over several days beginning Dec. 22, expanded a crater around the wellhead, state and gas company officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The crater is now 25 feet deep, 80 feet long and 30 feet wide, those officials said. The wellhead sits exposed within the cavernous space, held in place with cables attached after it wobbled during the plugging attempt, Marshall and McGurk said. The well pipe and its control valves are exposed and unsupported within that hole, atop a deep field of pressurized gas. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\" 'If the wellhead fails, the thing is just going to be full blast,' said Gene Nelson, a physical sciences professor at Cuesta College. \"It will be a horrible, horrible problem. The leak rates would go way up.' \"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The newspaper also notes that even without a blowout, the leak could catch on fire. It quoted California Department of Conservation spokesman Don Drysdale as saying the possibility is \"a concern.\" You can \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-aliso-well-hole-20160115-story.html\">read the Times' full report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "SoCalGas to Try Capturing Methane in Attempt to Address Porter Ranch Leak",
"title": "SoCalGas to Try Capturing Methane in Attempt to Address Porter Ranch Leak",
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"content": "\u003cp>As methane \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/06/brown-declares-state-of-emergency-over-porter-ranch-gas-leak\" target=\"_blank\">continues to billow out\u003c/a> of the Aliso Canyon storage field in Los Angeles County, Southern California Gas (SoCalGas) is seeking permission to try to capture the leak and possibly incinerate it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers detected the leak almost three months ago. Initial repairs failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SoCalGas shot a heavy, sticky fluid into the leak, a kind of mud crossed with chewing gum. But the high pressure of the leak blew this “well kill” right back out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/241930199\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To date the company has attempted seven separate attempts to plug the well directly in this standard manner, but none has worked,” says Bob Wyman, a lawyer with the firm Latham & Watkins, which is representing SoCalGas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the company is drilling new wells to relieve pressure and reduce the flow of the leak, to enable another attempt to plug the well nearer to its source.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/12/23/porter-ranch-residents-at-wits-end-over-months-old-gas-leak\" target=\"_blank\">another kind of pressure is growing\u003c/a>. Thousands of people living in nearby Porter Ranch, a community in the City of Los Angeles, have relocated away from the leak. Those who remain continue to complain of headaches, nausea and nosebleeds. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/12/08/l-a-sues-socal-gas-over-month-long-porter-ranch-leak\" target=\"_blank\">Lawsuits are piling up\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10832869\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWell-1440x2160.jpg\" alt=\"A relief well at SoCalGas' Aliso Canyon Storage Facility.\" width=\"640\" height=\"960\" class=\"size-large wp-image-10832869\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWell-1440x2160.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWell-400x600.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWell-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWell-768x1152.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWell.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWell-1180x1770.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWell-960x1440.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A relief well at SoCalGas' Aliso Canyon Storage Facility. \u003ccite>(Kim Rice-Bogdan/SoCalGas)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>SoCalGas says it has been developing a plan to capture fugitive natural gas since mid-November. Now the company has applied to the South Coast Air Quality Management District for permits to enact its plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The company would use pipes,\" says the district’s Sam Atwood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Big ones. Imagine a straw 3 feet wide hovering over the leak, sucking in methane and air. Rough estimates suggest the company could catch up to 90 percent of the methane as the leak slows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The gas would have to be piped to some distance from the wellhead for safety reasons,” Atwood says. “And then it would be either captured and, or, it would be incinerated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing SoCalGas could do is bring in an adsorption system, equipment that could eliminate foul odors. Jen Wilcox, a professor of energy systems engineering at Stanford, says an activated carbon filter system could do for escaping natural gas what home purifiers do for water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s just a, you know, charcoal kind of material,” she says. “It’s porous. And what it’s doing is selectively removing contaminants from the air.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">If the company burns the methane, it would eventually create enough pollution to need the kind of permit required for big refineries.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The pores could capture problematic molecules in the chemical mercaptan, which is a stinky additive used to help identify when odorless, colorless methane is around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that methane remains a concern, because the state requires all utilities to cut contributions to global warming. So, under another scenario, the company may burn what it captures from the leak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s not an irrational thing to do. It’s just a difficult thing to do,” says Roger Aines, a geochemist at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Equipment often used by oil companies would allow SoCalGas to burn methane inside a ceramic chamber, or a sort of kiln. Once the methane was captured in pipes, it could pass over a very hot surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"6H6cn39snXSakf87dBb4XtOGCkNSPgxL\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s a hot screen, you know, or pile of screens” Aines says. “It’s hot enough that as you pass the mixture of gas and air over it, it burns but it doesn’t burn with a flame. It actually just combusts on that catalyst.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SoCalGas emphasizes that safety is its top concern. But a fix this big has never been tried in California. If the company burns this methane, it would eventually create enough pollution to need the kind of permit required for big refineries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All these unknowns make the gas field’s neighbors nervous -- including Matt Pakucko, a founder of Save Porter Ranch, a grass-roots group that wants to shut the gas field down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are greatly concerned with the possible unintended consequences of that plan,” he told a hearing board for the AQMD. “This does not sound safe. Especially since SoCalGas has failed in all attempts to stop or mitigate their nuisance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pakucko and other homeowners say they don’t trust SoCalGas. That’s why they’re pushing politicians to investigate not only why the leak happened but why a gas capture plan wasn’t in place sooner.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As methane \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/06/brown-declares-state-of-emergency-over-porter-ranch-gas-leak\" target=\"_blank\">continues to billow out\u003c/a> of the Aliso Canyon storage field in Los Angeles County, Southern California Gas (SoCalGas) is seeking permission to try to capture the leak and possibly incinerate it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers detected the leak almost three months ago. Initial repairs failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SoCalGas shot a heavy, sticky fluid into the leak, a kind of mud crossed with chewing gum. But the high pressure of the leak blew this “well kill” right back out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/241930199&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/241930199'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To date the company has attempted seven separate attempts to plug the well directly in this standard manner, but none has worked,” says Bob Wyman, a lawyer with the firm Latham & Watkins, which is representing SoCalGas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the company is drilling new wells to relieve pressure and reduce the flow of the leak, to enable another attempt to plug the well nearer to its source.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/12/23/porter-ranch-residents-at-wits-end-over-months-old-gas-leak\" target=\"_blank\">another kind of pressure is growing\u003c/a>. Thousands of people living in nearby Porter Ranch, a community in the City of Los Angeles, have relocated away from the leak. Those who remain continue to complain of headaches, nausea and nosebleeds. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/12/08/l-a-sues-socal-gas-over-month-long-porter-ranch-leak\" target=\"_blank\">Lawsuits are piling up\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10832869\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWell-1440x2160.jpg\" alt=\"A relief well at SoCalGas' Aliso Canyon Storage Facility.\" width=\"640\" height=\"960\" class=\"size-large wp-image-10832869\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWell-1440x2160.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWell-400x600.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWell-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWell-768x1152.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWell.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWell-1180x1770.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/ReliefWell-960x1440.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A relief well at SoCalGas' Aliso Canyon Storage Facility. \u003ccite>(Kim Rice-Bogdan/SoCalGas)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>SoCalGas says it has been developing a plan to capture fugitive natural gas since mid-November. Now the company has applied to the South Coast Air Quality Management District for permits to enact its plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The company would use pipes,\" says the district’s Sam Atwood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Big ones. Imagine a straw 3 feet wide hovering over the leak, sucking in methane and air. Rough estimates suggest the company could catch up to 90 percent of the methane as the leak slows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The gas would have to be piped to some distance from the wellhead for safety reasons,” Atwood says. “And then it would be either captured and, or, it would be incinerated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing SoCalGas could do is bring in an adsorption system, equipment that could eliminate foul odors. Jen Wilcox, a professor of energy systems engineering at Stanford, says an activated carbon filter system could do for escaping natural gas what home purifiers do for water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s just a, you know, charcoal kind of material,” she says. “It’s porous. And what it’s doing is selectively removing contaminants from the air.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">If the company burns the methane, it would eventually create enough pollution to need the kind of permit required for big refineries.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The pores could capture problematic molecules in the chemical mercaptan, which is a stinky additive used to help identify when odorless, colorless methane is around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that methane remains a concern, because the state requires all utilities to cut contributions to global warming. So, under another scenario, the company may burn what it captures from the leak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s not an irrational thing to do. It’s just a difficult thing to do,” says Roger Aines, a geochemist at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Equipment often used by oil companies would allow SoCalGas to burn methane inside a ceramic chamber, or a sort of kiln. Once the methane was captured in pipes, it could pass over a very hot surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s a hot screen, you know, or pile of screens” Aines says. “It’s hot enough that as you pass the mixture of gas and air over it, it burns but it doesn’t burn with a flame. It actually just combusts on that catalyst.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SoCalGas emphasizes that safety is its top concern. But a fix this big has never been tried in California. If the company burns this methane, it would eventually create enough pollution to need the kind of permit required for big refineries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All these unknowns make the gas field’s neighbors nervous -- including Matt Pakucko, a founder of Save Porter Ranch, a grass-roots group that wants to shut the gas field down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are greatly concerned with the possible unintended consequences of that plan,” he told a hearing board for the AQMD. “This does not sound safe. Especially since SoCalGas has failed in all attempts to stop or mitigate their nuisance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pakucko and other homeowners say they don’t trust SoCalGas. That’s why they’re pushing politicians to investigate not only why the leak happened but why a gas capture plan wasn’t in place sooner.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Yosemite to Change Historic Names in Trademark Dispute",
"title": "Yosemite to Change Historic Names in Trademark Dispute",
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"content": "\u003cp>The names of iconic hotels and other landmarks in Yosemite National Park will soon change in an ongoing battle over who owns the intellectual property, park officials said Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The luxurious Ahwahnee Hotel will become the Majestic Yosemite Hotel, and Curry Village will become Half Dome Village, said park spokesman Scott Gediman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move comes in an ongoing dispute with Delaware North, the company that recently lost a $2 billion bid — the National Park Service's largest single contract — to run Yosemite's hotels, restaurants and outdoor activities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delaware North demands to be paid $51 million for the names and other intellectual property. The New York-based firm filed a lawsuit last year, saying that when it won the contract in 1993, the park service required the company to buy the former concessionaire's assets.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'[Delaware North] apparently embarked on a business model whereby it collects trademarks to the names of iconic property owned by the United States.'\u003ccite>Justice Department attorney John Robertson\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Park officials are making the name changes to avoid any disruptions to visitors with hotel reservations during the transition to a new concessionaire on March 1, Gediman said. He said the park service is fighting for the rights to the original names.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're clearly in disagreement with Delaware North,\" he said. \"We're taking this action to ensure the seamless transition.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yosemite National Park \u003ca href=\"http://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/news/yosemite-national-park-to-change-historic-property-names.htm\" target=\"_blank\">outlined the five name changes in a press release\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>● Yosemite Lodge at the Falls to become: \u003cstrong>Yosemite Valley Lodge\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n● The Ahwahnee to become: \u003cstrong>The Majestic Yosemite Hotel\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n● Curry Village to become: \u003cstrong>Half Dome Village\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n● Wawona Hotel to become: \u003cstrong>Big Trees Lodge\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n● Badger Pass Ski Area to become: \u003cstrong>Yosemite Ski & Snowboard Area\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Yosemite National Park — another name which is also claimed by Delaware North and remains in dispute — will stay put, Gediman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10832725\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-10832725\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CurryVillage-1440x1053.jpg\" alt=\"Tent cabins at Yosemite's Curry Village, now to be called Half Dome Village.\" width=\"640\" height=\"468\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CurryVillage-1440x1053.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CurryVillage-400x293.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CurryVillage-800x585.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CurryVillage-768x562.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CurryVillage.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CurryVillage-1180x863.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CurryVillage-960x702.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tent cabins at Yosemite's Curry Village, now to be called Half Dome Village. \u003ccite>(pshab/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The National Park Service says the names and other intellectual property are worth about $3.5 million, according to the government's response to a lawsuit that Delaware North filed with the U.S. Court of Federal Claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DNC Parks & Resorts at Yosemite Inc., a subsidiary of Delaware North, said in a written statement that it was \"shocked and disappointed\" that the park service is using the beloved names as a \"bargaining chip.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company defended its demands, saying that it hopes Yosemite and the new concessionaire decide not to change the names. \"All we want in this is fair and just treatment,\" the company said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Department attorney John Robertson wrote in court papers that the company \"wildly inflated\" the value of the trademark names. He added that Delaware North has \"breached its duty of good faith and fair dealing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trademark dispute at Yosemite is similar to disputes at Hot Springs National Park in Arkansas and the Grand Canyon in Arizona, and with other iconic pieces of Americana owned by the U.S. government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"fPpJiZlZNGkUS9yfRMptsuAI1Kfn6xUG\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park service belatedly learned of the trademark issue when it prepared to open bids for the concessionary operation. Yosemite awarded a 15-year contract to Aramark last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delaware North also runs concessions at the Kennedy Space Center and has a trademark application for \"Space Shuttle Atlantis,\" government court papers say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delaware North \"apparently embarked on a business model whereby it collects trademarks to the names of iconic property owned by the United States,\" Robertson wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The name changes don't sit well with park admirers like John Lenau, an amateur historian and president of the Conference of California Historical Societies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now 76, he's visited Yosemite since childhood and says when somebody mentions Curry Village he can picture it in his head. That will be lost with the change, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also worries about stripping away the Native American heritage by turning the Ahwahnee to the Majestic Yosemite Hotel and the Wawona Hotel to Big Trees Lodge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't see the advantage of doing that,\" Lenau said, speaking for himself rather than the society. \"I'm just a little bit against changing something that has been around for so many years.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The names of iconic hotels and other landmarks in Yosemite National Park will soon change in an ongoing battle over who owns the intellectual property, park officials said Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The luxurious Ahwahnee Hotel will become the Majestic Yosemite Hotel, and Curry Village will become Half Dome Village, said park spokesman Scott Gediman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move comes in an ongoing dispute with Delaware North, the company that recently lost a $2 billion bid — the National Park Service's largest single contract — to run Yosemite's hotels, restaurants and outdoor activities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delaware North demands to be paid $51 million for the names and other intellectual property. The New York-based firm filed a lawsuit last year, saying that when it won the contract in 1993, the park service required the company to buy the former concessionaire's assets.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'[Delaware North] apparently embarked on a business model whereby it collects trademarks to the names of iconic property owned by the United States.'\u003ccite>Justice Department attorney John Robertson\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Park officials are making the name changes to avoid any disruptions to visitors with hotel reservations during the transition to a new concessionaire on March 1, Gediman said. He said the park service is fighting for the rights to the original names.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're clearly in disagreement with Delaware North,\" he said. \"We're taking this action to ensure the seamless transition.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yosemite National Park \u003ca href=\"http://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/news/yosemite-national-park-to-change-historic-property-names.htm\" target=\"_blank\">outlined the five name changes in a press release\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>● Yosemite Lodge at the Falls to become: \u003cstrong>Yosemite Valley Lodge\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n● The Ahwahnee to become: \u003cstrong>The Majestic Yosemite Hotel\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n● Curry Village to become: \u003cstrong>Half Dome Village\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n● Wawona Hotel to become: \u003cstrong>Big Trees Lodge\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n● Badger Pass Ski Area to become: \u003cstrong>Yosemite Ski & Snowboard Area\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Yosemite National Park — another name which is also claimed by Delaware North and remains in dispute — will stay put, Gediman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10832725\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-10832725\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CurryVillage-1440x1053.jpg\" alt=\"Tent cabins at Yosemite's Curry Village, now to be called Half Dome Village.\" width=\"640\" height=\"468\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CurryVillage-1440x1053.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CurryVillage-400x293.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CurryVillage-800x585.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CurryVillage-768x562.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CurryVillage.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CurryVillage-1180x863.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/CurryVillage-960x702.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tent cabins at Yosemite's Curry Village, now to be called Half Dome Village. \u003ccite>(pshab/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The National Park Service says the names and other intellectual property are worth about $3.5 million, according to the government's response to a lawsuit that Delaware North filed with the U.S. Court of Federal Claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DNC Parks & Resorts at Yosemite Inc., a subsidiary of Delaware North, said in a written statement that it was \"shocked and disappointed\" that the park service is using the beloved names as a \"bargaining chip.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company defended its demands, saying that it hopes Yosemite and the new concessionaire decide not to change the names. \"All we want in this is fair and just treatment,\" the company said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice Department attorney John Robertson wrote in court papers that the company \"wildly inflated\" the value of the trademark names. He added that Delaware North has \"breached its duty of good faith and fair dealing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trademark dispute at Yosemite is similar to disputes at Hot Springs National Park in Arkansas and the Grand Canyon in Arizona, and with other iconic pieces of Americana owned by the U.S. government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park service belatedly learned of the trademark issue when it prepared to open bids for the concessionary operation. Yosemite awarded a 15-year contract to Aramark last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delaware North also runs concessions at the Kennedy Space Center and has a trademark application for \"Space Shuttle Atlantis,\" government court papers say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delaware North \"apparently embarked on a business model whereby it collects trademarks to the names of iconic property owned by the United States,\" Robertson wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The name changes don't sit well with park admirers like John Lenau, an amateur historian and president of the Conference of California Historical Societies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now 76, he's visited Yosemite since childhood and says when somebody mentions Curry Village he can picture it in his head. That will be lost with the change, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also worries about stripping away the Native American heritage by turning the Ahwahnee to the Majestic Yosemite Hotel and the Wawona Hotel to Big Trees Lodge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't see the advantage of doing that,\" Lenau said, speaking for himself rather than the society. \"I'm just a little bit against changing something that has been around for so many years.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Would You Pay $12 a Year to Fight Sea Level Rise?",
"headTitle": "Would You Pay $12 a Year to Fight Sea Level Rise? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Billions of dollars of infrastructure around San Francisco Bay are sitting in the path of rising sea levels, including homes, roads and tech company offices. And a coalition of environmental and business groups is hoping Bay Area residents will help pay to protect it.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“Wetlands are like magic when it comes to protecting against floods.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>David Lewis, Save the Bay\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In June, residents in nine Bay Area counties will vote on a new $12 a year parcel tax, designed to raise hundreds of millions of dollars over the next two decades to restore wetlands and build levees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A specially-appointed council, the \u003ca href=\"http://sfbayrestore.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Francisco Bay Restoration Authority\u003c/a>, voted Wednesday to have the measure placed on the ballot in Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, San Mateo, Santa Clara, Solano, Sonoma and San Francisco counties. Each region of the bay would be guaranteed a certain amount of the funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Wetlands are like magic when it comes to protecting against floods,” says David Lewis, executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.savesfbay.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Save the Bay\u003c/a>. “They can act like a sponge during times of high tides and floods and soak up extra water, instead of having that water pile up against communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say sea levels could rise up to two feet by 2050, inundating today’s shoreline. Add to that the flooding from a catastrophic storm, and the damage could cost the Bay Area more than $10 billion, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareacouncil.org/issues-initiatives/storm-flood-protection/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a report\u003c/a> from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareacouncil.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Area Council\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How much seas will rise by the end of the century depends partly on what we do to mitigate global warming; scientists say \u003ca href=\"http://www.adaptingtorisingtides.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/NAS_SLR_brief.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the range\u003c/a> is from 17 inches to 66 inches. Add to that a storm surge of more than three feet, and we could end up with waves crashing in 8 feet higher than they do today. This map showing what \u003ca href=\"http://sfpublicpress.org/news/searise/2015-07/as-science-gets-better-dramatic-sea-rise-seems-more-certain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">8 feet of sea level rise\u003c/a> would mean in Bay Area counties is from the \u003ca href=\"http://sfpublicpress.org/searise\">San Francisco Public Press’ 2015 summer cover story\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" allowfullscreen frameborder=\"0\" height=\"800\" mozallowfullscreen msallowfullscreen oallowfullscreen src=\"https://amandabee.cartodb.com/viz/00d63d00-3598-11e5-adac-0e018d66dc29/embed_map\" webkitallowfullscreen width=\"100%\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 90 percent of the wetlands around San Francisco Bay have been lost, with many diked off and filled in as communities around the bay expanded. About 30,000 acres are awaiting restoration, Lewis says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the South Bay, some 15,000 acres of former \u003ca href=\"http://www.southbayrestoration.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">are being restored\u003c/a>, but the project still needs millions more in funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a crucial time to start this work and raise the money that can restore marshes now,” says Lewis. “The longer we wait, the harder and more expensive it is to restore tidal marsh, once sea level starts increasing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to restoring wildlife habitat, wetlands and levees could protect important roads, highways, wastewater treatment plants and even tech companies. The headquarters of Facebook, Google, Cisco and more than a dozen others sit right on the bay’s edge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”Hv6icoIVCCvB24JQKHiyiQlcaMeByR0f”]“This concerns the health and welfare of the entire region,” says Mike Mielke of the\u003ca href=\"http://svlg.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Silicon Valley Leadership Group\u003c/a>. “It’s that simple.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the measure will have to make that case to the entire Bay Area, including residents who don’t live next to the bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if your daily commute doesn’t take you near the water’s edge, if there’s a significant problem on the roadway because of flooding, that is going to impact you, because people are going to change the way they get to work and commute,” says Mielke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The $500 million from the new parcel tax is only about a third of what’s needed to restore more than 30,000 acres around the bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a good first step,” says Mielke. “We’re going to need money from the state and we’re going to need money from the federal government.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The parcel tax measure needs a two-thirds majority to pass, not within each county, but across all nine counties where residents will vote.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Billions of dollars of infrastructure around San Francisco Bay are sitting in the path of rising sea levels, including homes, roads and tech company offices. And a coalition of environmental and business groups is hoping Bay Area residents will help pay to protect it.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“Wetlands are like magic when it comes to protecting against floods.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>David Lewis, Save the Bay\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In June, residents in nine Bay Area counties will vote on a new $12 a year parcel tax, designed to raise hundreds of millions of dollars over the next two decades to restore wetlands and build levees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A specially-appointed council, the \u003ca href=\"http://sfbayrestore.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Francisco Bay Restoration Authority\u003c/a>, voted Wednesday to have the measure placed on the ballot in Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, San Mateo, Santa Clara, Solano, Sonoma and San Francisco counties. Each region of the bay would be guaranteed a certain amount of the funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Wetlands are like magic when it comes to protecting against floods,” says David Lewis, executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.savesfbay.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Save the Bay\u003c/a>. “They can act like a sponge during times of high tides and floods and soak up extra water, instead of having that water pile up against communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say sea levels could rise up to two feet by 2050, inundating today’s shoreline. Add to that the flooding from a catastrophic storm, and the damage could cost the Bay Area more than $10 billion, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareacouncil.org/issues-initiatives/storm-flood-protection/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a report\u003c/a> from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareacouncil.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Area Council\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How much seas will rise by the end of the century depends partly on what we do to mitigate global warming; scientists say \u003ca href=\"http://www.adaptingtorisingtides.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/NAS_SLR_brief.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the range\u003c/a> is from 17 inches to 66 inches. Add to that a storm surge of more than three feet, and we could end up with waves crashing in 8 feet higher than they do today. This map showing what \u003ca href=\"http://sfpublicpress.org/news/searise/2015-07/as-science-gets-better-dramatic-sea-rise-seems-more-certain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">8 feet of sea level rise\u003c/a> would mean in Bay Area counties is from the \u003ca href=\"http://sfpublicpress.org/searise\">San Francisco Public Press’ 2015 summer cover story\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" allowfullscreen frameborder=\"0\" height=\"800\" mozallowfullscreen msallowfullscreen oallowfullscreen src=\"https://amandabee.cartodb.com/viz/00d63d00-3598-11e5-adac-0e018d66dc29/embed_map\" webkitallowfullscreen width=\"100%\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 90 percent of the wetlands around San Francisco Bay have been lost, with many diked off and filled in as communities around the bay expanded. About 30,000 acres are awaiting restoration, Lewis says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the South Bay, some 15,000 acres of former \u003ca href=\"http://www.southbayrestoration.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">are being restored\u003c/a>, but the project still needs millions more in funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a crucial time to start this work and raise the money that can restore marshes now,” says Lewis. “The longer we wait, the harder and more expensive it is to restore tidal marsh, once sea level starts increasing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to restoring wildlife habitat, wetlands and levees could protect important roads, highways, wastewater treatment plants and even tech companies. The headquarters of Facebook, Google, Cisco and more than a dozen others sit right on the bay’s edge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>“This concerns the health and welfare of the entire region,” says Mike Mielke of the\u003ca href=\"http://svlg.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Silicon Valley Leadership Group\u003c/a>. “It’s that simple.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the measure will have to make that case to the entire Bay Area, including residents who don’t live next to the bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if your daily commute doesn’t take you near the water’s edge, if there’s a significant problem on the roadway because of flooding, that is going to impact you, because people are going to change the way they get to work and commute,” says Mielke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The $500 million from the new parcel tax is only about a third of what’s needed to restore more than 30,000 acres around the bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a good first step,” says Mielke. “We’re going to need money from the state and we’re going to need money from the federal government.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The parcel tax measure needs a two-thirds majority to pass, not within each county, but across all nine counties where residents will vote.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"radiolab": {
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"reveal": {
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},
"rightnowish": {
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"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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},
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"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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"snap-judgment": {
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"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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