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"content": "\u003cp>Finally — some good news for the bees of Hawaii.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has given endangered status to seven species of yellow-faced bees native to the islands. These are “the first bees in the country to be protected under the Endangered Species Act,” \u003ca href=\"http://www.xerces.org/blog/seven-bees-in-hawaii-added-to-us-endangered-species-list/\">according to the Xerces Society\u003c/a>, which advocated for the new designation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new rule designating protections for the bees, published Friday \u003ca href=\"https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2016-09-30/pdf/2016-23112.pdf\">in the Federal Register\u003c/a>, states that yellow-faced bees are known “for their yellow-to-white facial markings.” They look like small wasps, according to the rule, except for their “plumose [branched] hairs on the body that are longest on the sides of the thorax, which readily distinguish them from wasps.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The yellow-faced bee is the only bee native to Hawaii, meaning that it was able to reach the Hawaiian islands on its own, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/uhmg/news/V9-Magnacca-NativeBee.pdf\">according to a fact sheet\u003c/a> provided by the University of Hawai’i’s Master Gardner Program. “From that one original colonist they evolved into 63 known endemic species, about 10% of the world’s yellow-faced bees and more than are found in this genus in all of North America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the populations of these seven species are getting smaller and smaller, according to Fish and Wildlife. For example, the \u003cem>Hylaeus anthracinus\u003c/em> was once found in dozens of locations around Hawaii but is now in only 15 — while \u003cem>Hylaeus hilaris\u003c/em> and \u003cem>Hylaeus kuakea\u003c/em> are each found only in one location.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The seven endangered species are impacted by a wide variety of threats, including habitat destruction because of urbanization or nonnative animals, the introduction of nonnative plant species, wildfires, nonnative predators and natural events such as hurricanes, tsunamis and drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The protected status “will allow authorities to implement recovery programs, access funding and limit their harm from outside sources,” as Gregory Koob of the Fish and Wildlife Service told The Associated Press. He added that “all federal agencies must consult with the Fish and Wildlife service when interacting with endangered species.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Xerces Society called the new rule “excellent news” but added that “there is much work that needs to be done to ensure that Hawaii’s bees thrive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These bees are often found in small patches of habitat hemmed in by agricultural land or developments,” the group said. “Unfortunately, the [Fish and Wildlife Service] has not designated any ‘critical habitat’ areas of land of particular importance for the endangered bees.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/02/26/468241649/report-more-pollinators-species-in-jeopardy-threatening-world-food-supply\">As we’ve reported\u003c/a>, pollinators are under threat around the world. A U.N.-sponsored report released in February found that “about 40 percent of invertebrate pollinator species (such as bees and butterflies) are facing extinction.” This could have major implications for world food supply, because “about 75 percent of the world’s food crops … depend at least partly on pollination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the threats, the University of Hawaii says these bees “have managed to persist with amazing tenacity.” While this group of species is now endangered, new species of the genus are discovered regularly – “11 new native species have been found in the past 15 years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rule, which goes into effect at the end of the month, also gives the endangered designation to 39 plant species found on the islands and to three other animals native to Hawaii – the band-rumped storm-petrel, the orangeblack Hawaiian damselfly, and the anchialine pool shrimp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The anchialine pool shrimp is known for its unusual longevity — \u003ca href=\"http://hawaiinaturejournal.weebly.com/hawaii-plants-and-animals-in-the-backyard-and-beyond/slipping-through-the-cracks-opae-ula-hawaiian-red-shrimp\">according to the Hawaii Nature Journal\u003c/a>, they can live for 10 to 15 years in the wild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Bees+Added+To+U.S.+Endangered+Species+List+For+1st+Time&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Finally — some good news for the bees of Hawaii.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has given endangered status to seven species of yellow-faced bees native to the islands. These are “the first bees in the country to be protected under the Endangered Species Act,” \u003ca href=\"http://www.xerces.org/blog/seven-bees-in-hawaii-added-to-us-endangered-species-list/\">according to the Xerces Society\u003c/a>, which advocated for the new designation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new rule designating protections for the bees, published Friday \u003ca href=\"https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2016-09-30/pdf/2016-23112.pdf\">in the Federal Register\u003c/a>, states that yellow-faced bees are known “for their yellow-to-white facial markings.” They look like small wasps, according to the rule, except for their “plumose [branched] hairs on the body that are longest on the sides of the thorax, which readily distinguish them from wasps.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The yellow-faced bee is the only bee native to Hawaii, meaning that it was able to reach the Hawaiian islands on its own, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/uhmg/news/V9-Magnacca-NativeBee.pdf\">according to a fact sheet\u003c/a> provided by the University of Hawai’i’s Master Gardner Program. “From that one original colonist they evolved into 63 known endemic species, about 10% of the world’s yellow-faced bees and more than are found in this genus in all of North America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the populations of these seven species are getting smaller and smaller, according to Fish and Wildlife. For example, the \u003cem>Hylaeus anthracinus\u003c/em> was once found in dozens of locations around Hawaii but is now in only 15 — while \u003cem>Hylaeus hilaris\u003c/em> and \u003cem>Hylaeus kuakea\u003c/em> are each found only in one location.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The seven endangered species are impacted by a wide variety of threats, including habitat destruction because of urbanization or nonnative animals, the introduction of nonnative plant species, wildfires, nonnative predators and natural events such as hurricanes, tsunamis and drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The protected status “will allow authorities to implement recovery programs, access funding and limit their harm from outside sources,” as Gregory Koob of the Fish and Wildlife Service told The Associated Press. He added that “all federal agencies must consult with the Fish and Wildlife service when interacting with endangered species.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Xerces Society called the new rule “excellent news” but added that “there is much work that needs to be done to ensure that Hawaii’s bees thrive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These bees are often found in small patches of habitat hemmed in by agricultural land or developments,” the group said. “Unfortunately, the [Fish and Wildlife Service] has not designated any ‘critical habitat’ areas of land of particular importance for the endangered bees.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/02/26/468241649/report-more-pollinators-species-in-jeopardy-threatening-world-food-supply\">As we’ve reported\u003c/a>, pollinators are under threat around the world. A U.N.-sponsored report released in February found that “about 40 percent of invertebrate pollinator species (such as bees and butterflies) are facing extinction.” This could have major implications for world food supply, because “about 75 percent of the world’s food crops … depend at least partly on pollination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the threats, the University of Hawaii says these bees “have managed to persist with amazing tenacity.” While this group of species is now endangered, new species of the genus are discovered regularly – “11 new native species have been found in the past 15 years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rule, which goes into effect at the end of the month, also gives the endangered designation to 39 plant species found on the islands and to three other animals native to Hawaii – the band-rumped storm-petrel, the orangeblack Hawaiian damselfly, and the anchialine pool shrimp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The anchialine pool shrimp is known for its unusual longevity — \u003ca href=\"http://hawaiinaturejournal.weebly.com/hawaii-plants-and-animals-in-the-backyard-and-beyond/slipping-through-the-cracks-opae-ula-hawaiian-red-shrimp\">according to the Hawaii Nature Journal\u003c/a>, they can live for 10 to 15 years in the wild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Bees+Added+To+U.S.+Endangered+Species+List+For+1st+Time&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Infection Outbreak Shines Light on Water Risks at Dental Offices",
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"content": "\u003cp>When people go to the dentist, they generally expect to leave in better health than when they walked in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the water dentists use to rinse teeth sometimes carries infectious bacteria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Orange County Health Care Agency \u003ca href=\"http://ochealthinfo.com/phs/about/dcepi/epi/disease/myco\">says\u003c/a> that nearly two dozen children who received so-called baby root canals, or pulpotomies, are thought to have developed dangerous bacterial infections. Dentists perform pulpotomies to remove infected pulp inside a baby tooth so the rest of the tooth can be spared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The infections were caused by Mycobacterium abscessus, which the health department traced back to the water at Children's Dental Clinic of Anaheim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The reason we're so concerned is this infection is very hard to treat with antibiotics,\" says Dr. Eric Handler, health officer with the Orange County Health Authority. Instead, the tissue is surgically removed. \"Treatment can be very traumatic and deforming.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Sept. 27, three confirmed and 19 probable infections have been linked to the clinic. In each case, the children had to be hospitalized. In an email to Shots, Children's Dental Group CEO Sam Gruenbaum said, \"I am currently devoting all of my time and energy to making certain our patients are taken care of.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a Sept. 23 letter to patients, Gruenbaum asked the families of patients who have received pulpotomies since April 1 at the Anaheim clinic to come in and be examined for signs of infection. The letter said that the Orange County Health Care Agency had found abnormal levels of microbes in the water, and the clinic is no longer using office water for patient procedures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deepa Bharath and Courtney Perks at \u003cem>The Orange County Register\u003c/em> report that \u003ca href=\"http://www.ocregister.com/articles/children-729995-clinic-dental.html\">several children\u003c/a> have had surgery to treat infections, including a \u003ca href=\"http://www.ocregister.com/articles/mimi-730242-morales-children.html\">7-year-old girl\u003c/a> who had \"three permanent teeth, a baby tooth, and a part of her jawbone\" removed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although infections like these are rare, this isn't the first time Mycobacterium abscessu\u003cem>s\u003c/em> has been traced to a dental office. In \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6513a5.htm\">Georgia in 2015\u003c/a>, more than 20 children who had pulpotomies were later hospitalized with confirmed or suspected mycobacterium infections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, according to the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Georgia outbreak of dental mycobacteriuminfections is the only other one on record. The investigation into Georgia cases found that 1,386 children received pulpotomies and were potentially exposed to the bacteria. But only about 1 percent of them got sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Infections from mycobacterium are very rare,\" said Dr. Melissa Tobin-D'Angelo, a medical epidemiologist with the Georgia Department of Public Health who investigated the 2015 outbreak. \"We don't want to discourage parents from having their children see their dentists two times a year as recommended. The reason children had to have this procedure is because they had decay to begin with.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators learned that the water supply to the building wasn't contaminated. Ultimately, they traced the infection to the dental unit waterlines — the flexible plastic tubes that carry water to the hoses that rinse your mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers weren't surprised that the tubes turned out to be the source of the problem. Keeping waterlines clean can be a challenge for dentists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Bacterial Incubator\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dental unit waterlines are very good at growing bacteria, says Dr. Nuala Porteous, an associate professor of dentistry at University of Texas Health Science Center Dental School in San Antonio. In her research, she looks at how to control infection risks in dental offices, including the microbes that live in waterlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you think about the last time you went to the dentist, they only use the water sometimes,\" Porteous says. \"It's very start and stop. They work and then they rinse, so there's a lot of stagnant water.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And bacteria love to grow in stagnant water. How prevalent they are is hard to say. A study of dental waterlines in the U.S. found harmful bacteria \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC167375/\">68 percent of the time\u003c/a>. Still, another study was reassuring, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/bdj/journal/v195/n10/full/4810735a.html\">barely finding\u003c/a> any contamination in dental offices in London and Northern Ireland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mycobacterium isn't the only kind of germ that can thrive in waterlines. Pseudomonas and legionella \u003ca href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2007.06.002\">can\u003c/a>, too. Both types of bacteria can cause pneumonia-like illnesses. Despite studies showing that \u003ca href=\"http://aem.asm.org/content/61/4/1208.long\">dentists are more likely to have\u003c/a> antibodies for legionella than the general population, very few actual illnesses have been directly linked to dentistry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are organisms that are typically found in water and groundwater, things like that,\" says John Molinari, a microbiologist and professor emeritus at the University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry. \"They wouldn't normally get you sick. It's when you have high concentrations in a certain person that illness happens.\" The elderly and people with an underlying illness are most at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With legionella, you're more likely to get sick when there's a lot of bacteria, like when you get biofilms,\" says Molinari.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fighting Biofilms\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/33/8/1387.full\">biofilm\u003c/a> is a group of microorganisms — typically bacteria, fungi or a mixture of microbes — that live in a colony. These microbes communicate with each other and even feed and protect each other. And that can make them very hard to remove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Think of the plaque that grows on your teeth,\" says Molinari, \"That plaque is a biofilm. At first you can wash it off with water, but after 24 hours you need to brush your teeth and use chemicals to remove it. Even mouthwash alone isn't enough.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biofilms in waterlines do the same thing. The outer layers might die as cleaning chemicals rush through the pipes, but the inner layers can survive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftw094\">paper\u003c/a> published online Sept. 13 in the journal \u003cem>Pathogens and Disease\u003c/em> looked at dental practices using industry-standard sterilization techniques. \"We found fungi, bacteria, viruses and protozoa in dental unit waterlines. In our study, decontamination procedures worked but not completely,\" Damien Costa, at the University of Poitiers in France and the lead investigator on the study, told Shots in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Costa says there aren't any set procedures for sterilizing waterline units in France, where his research was conducted. He hopes his study will provide data that will help the government create guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the United States, the CDC says dentists should \"consult with the dental unit manufacturer for appropriate methods and equipment to maintain the recommended quality of dental water.\" Waterlines vary depending on the dental equipment, so a one-size-fits-all approach wouldn't be effective, a CDC spokesman told Shots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Generally, dental offices use a combination of chemicals. Some are added continuously to the water in low concentrations, while other, stronger disinfectants are used intermittently. Filters and disinfectant cartridges can be added to the ends of lines, and the ADA recommends occasionally draining and purging the waterlines with air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dentists should be able to tell if the bacteria-killing maintenance for their equipment is working. Porteous says chairside kits that check for bacteria are available. Dentists can also send water samples to testing companies to make sure bacterial counts fall within CDC guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC says that the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/oralhealth/infectioncontrol/pdf/safe-care.pdf\">water dentists use\u003c/a> should meet the same quality standards as drinking water. But the CDC and the American Dental Association don't say how often dentists should test their water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Without water testing, it's impossible to tell if your treatment works,\" says Mark Frampton, owner of ProEdge Dental Products, a manufacturer of disinfectants for dental lines. Frampton's company also analyzes water quality for dentists. \"In our experience, about a third of the time people that have maintenance programs will still fail our tests because they don't always follow the treatment instructions. People don't always do everything perfectly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frampton recommends that dentists check their water quality at least quarterly, or more often depending on the treatment product they use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University of Texas Health Science Center's Porteous recommends dentists check the water coming out of dental lines at least weekly. \"I would hope that all dentists take note of these cases that have been occurring recently in Georgia and under investigation in L.A.,\" she says. \"It's very sad, and I hope that it makes all dental institutions sit up and take note.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in California, the dental clinic linked to the mycobacterium infections isn't taking any chances. It will replace its entire water system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Infection+Outbreak+Shines+Light+On+Water+Risks+At+Dentists+Offices&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When people go to the dentist, they generally expect to leave in better health than when they walked in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the water dentists use to rinse teeth sometimes carries infectious bacteria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Orange County Health Care Agency \u003ca href=\"http://ochealthinfo.com/phs/about/dcepi/epi/disease/myco\">says\u003c/a> that nearly two dozen children who received so-called baby root canals, or pulpotomies, are thought to have developed dangerous bacterial infections. Dentists perform pulpotomies to remove infected pulp inside a baby tooth so the rest of the tooth can be spared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The infections were caused by Mycobacterium abscessus, which the health department traced back to the water at Children's Dental Clinic of Anaheim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The reason we're so concerned is this infection is very hard to treat with antibiotics,\" says Dr. Eric Handler, health officer with the Orange County Health Authority. Instead, the tissue is surgically removed. \"Treatment can be very traumatic and deforming.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Sept. 27, three confirmed and 19 probable infections have been linked to the clinic. In each case, the children had to be hospitalized. In an email to Shots, Children's Dental Group CEO Sam Gruenbaum said, \"I am currently devoting all of my time and energy to making certain our patients are taken care of.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a Sept. 23 letter to patients, Gruenbaum asked the families of patients who have received pulpotomies since April 1 at the Anaheim clinic to come in and be examined for signs of infection. The letter said that the Orange County Health Care Agency had found abnormal levels of microbes in the water, and the clinic is no longer using office water for patient procedures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deepa Bharath and Courtney Perks at \u003cem>The Orange County Register\u003c/em> report that \u003ca href=\"http://www.ocregister.com/articles/children-729995-clinic-dental.html\">several children\u003c/a> have had surgery to treat infections, including a \u003ca href=\"http://www.ocregister.com/articles/mimi-730242-morales-children.html\">7-year-old girl\u003c/a> who had \"three permanent teeth, a baby tooth, and a part of her jawbone\" removed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although infections like these are rare, this isn't the first time Mycobacterium abscessu\u003cem>s\u003c/em> has been traced to a dental office. In \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6513a5.htm\">Georgia in 2015\u003c/a>, more than 20 children who had pulpotomies were later hospitalized with confirmed or suspected mycobacterium infections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, according to the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Georgia outbreak of dental mycobacteriuminfections is the only other one on record. The investigation into Georgia cases found that 1,386 children received pulpotomies and were potentially exposed to the bacteria. But only about 1 percent of them got sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Infections from mycobacterium are very rare,\" said Dr. Melissa Tobin-D'Angelo, a medical epidemiologist with the Georgia Department of Public Health who investigated the 2015 outbreak. \"We don't want to discourage parents from having their children see their dentists two times a year as recommended. The reason children had to have this procedure is because they had decay to begin with.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators learned that the water supply to the building wasn't contaminated. Ultimately, they traced the infection to the dental unit waterlines — the flexible plastic tubes that carry water to the hoses that rinse your mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers weren't surprised that the tubes turned out to be the source of the problem. Keeping waterlines clean can be a challenge for dentists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Bacterial Incubator\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dental unit waterlines are very good at growing bacteria, says Dr. Nuala Porteous, an associate professor of dentistry at University of Texas Health Science Center Dental School in San Antonio. In her research, she looks at how to control infection risks in dental offices, including the microbes that live in waterlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you think about the last time you went to the dentist, they only use the water sometimes,\" Porteous says. \"It's very start and stop. They work and then they rinse, so there's a lot of stagnant water.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And bacteria love to grow in stagnant water. How prevalent they are is hard to say. A study of dental waterlines in the U.S. found harmful bacteria \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC167375/\">68 percent of the time\u003c/a>. Still, another study was reassuring, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/bdj/journal/v195/n10/full/4810735a.html\">barely finding\u003c/a> any contamination in dental offices in London and Northern Ireland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mycobacterium isn't the only kind of germ that can thrive in waterlines. Pseudomonas and legionella \u003ca href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2007.06.002\">can\u003c/a>, too. Both types of bacteria can cause pneumonia-like illnesses. Despite studies showing that \u003ca href=\"http://aem.asm.org/content/61/4/1208.long\">dentists are more likely to have\u003c/a> antibodies for legionella than the general population, very few actual illnesses have been directly linked to dentistry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are organisms that are typically found in water and groundwater, things like that,\" says John Molinari, a microbiologist and professor emeritus at the University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry. \"They wouldn't normally get you sick. It's when you have high concentrations in a certain person that illness happens.\" The elderly and people with an underlying illness are most at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With legionella, you're more likely to get sick when there's a lot of bacteria, like when you get biofilms,\" says Molinari.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fighting Biofilms\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/33/8/1387.full\">biofilm\u003c/a> is a group of microorganisms — typically bacteria, fungi or a mixture of microbes — that live in a colony. These microbes communicate with each other and even feed and protect each other. And that can make them very hard to remove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Think of the plaque that grows on your teeth,\" says Molinari, \"That plaque is a biofilm. At first you can wash it off with water, but after 24 hours you need to brush your teeth and use chemicals to remove it. Even mouthwash alone isn't enough.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biofilms in waterlines do the same thing. The outer layers might die as cleaning chemicals rush through the pipes, but the inner layers can survive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftw094\">paper\u003c/a> published online Sept. 13 in the journal \u003cem>Pathogens and Disease\u003c/em> looked at dental practices using industry-standard sterilization techniques. \"We found fungi, bacteria, viruses and protozoa in dental unit waterlines. In our study, decontamination procedures worked but not completely,\" Damien Costa, at the University of Poitiers in France and the lead investigator on the study, told Shots in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Costa says there aren't any set procedures for sterilizing waterline units in France, where his research was conducted. He hopes his study will provide data that will help the government create guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the United States, the CDC says dentists should \"consult with the dental unit manufacturer for appropriate methods and equipment to maintain the recommended quality of dental water.\" Waterlines vary depending on the dental equipment, so a one-size-fits-all approach wouldn't be effective, a CDC spokesman told Shots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Generally, dental offices use a combination of chemicals. Some are added continuously to the water in low concentrations, while other, stronger disinfectants are used intermittently. Filters and disinfectant cartridges can be added to the ends of lines, and the ADA recommends occasionally draining and purging the waterlines with air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dentists should be able to tell if the bacteria-killing maintenance for their equipment is working. Porteous says chairside kits that check for bacteria are available. Dentists can also send water samples to testing companies to make sure bacterial counts fall within CDC guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC says that the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/oralhealth/infectioncontrol/pdf/safe-care.pdf\">water dentists use\u003c/a> should meet the same quality standards as drinking water. But the CDC and the American Dental Association don't say how often dentists should test their water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Without water testing, it's impossible to tell if your treatment works,\" says Mark Frampton, owner of ProEdge Dental Products, a manufacturer of disinfectants for dental lines. Frampton's company also analyzes water quality for dentists. \"In our experience, about a third of the time people that have maintenance programs will still fail our tests because they don't always follow the treatment instructions. People don't always do everything perfectly.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frampton recommends that dentists check their water quality at least quarterly, or more often depending on the treatment product they use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University of Texas Health Science Center's Porteous recommends dentists check the water coming out of dental lines at least weekly. \"I would hope that all dentists take note of these cases that have been occurring recently in Georgia and under investigation in L.A.,\" she says. \"It's very sad, and I hope that it makes all dental institutions sit up and take note.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in California, the dental clinic linked to the mycobacterium infections isn't taking any chances. It will replace its entire water system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Infection+Outbreak+Shines+Light+On+Water+Risks+At+Dentists+Offices&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown has signed legislation to develop a statewide earthquake early warning system in California, after devoting $10 million to the program in the state budget he signed this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown announced Thursday that he signed SB 438 by state Sen. Jerry Hill, a Democrat from San Mateo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation sets up the early warning program, called “ShakeAlert.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It will help save lives and really protect the public before tremblors can strike. Before you get the shaking at your location, you’ll get a warning,” Hill told KQED’s Peter Jon Shuler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seismic early warning systems are designed to detect the first shock waves from a large jolt, calculate the strength and alert people before the slower but damaging waves spread. Mexico, China and Japan are among the countries already using them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, scientists plan to develop apps for mobile phones and computers that would give the public the early alerts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill establishes a special advisory board within the Governor’s Office of Emergency Services to coordinate work already going on and shepherd the project to completion. It also lifts a ban on using funds in the state’s general fund to finance the sensors, infrastructure and public education necessary to make the system work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California officials will submit a plan to the state Legislature by February 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hill said the system could be in operation within the next two to three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Peter Jon Shuler and the Associated Press contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown has signed legislation to develop a statewide earthquake early warning system in California, after devoting $10 million to the program in the state budget he signed this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown announced Thursday that he signed SB 438 by state Sen. Jerry Hill, a Democrat from San Mateo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation sets up the early warning program, called “ShakeAlert.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It will help save lives and really protect the public before tremblors can strike. Before you get the shaking at your location, you’ll get a warning,” Hill told KQED’s Peter Jon Shuler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seismic early warning systems are designed to detect the first shock waves from a large jolt, calculate the strength and alert people before the slower but damaging waves spread. Mexico, China and Japan are among the countries already using them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, scientists plan to develop apps for mobile phones and computers that would give the public the early alerts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill establishes a special advisory board within the Governor’s Office of Emergency Services to coordinate work already going on and shepherd the project to completion. It also lifts a ban on using funds in the state’s general fund to finance the sensors, infrastructure and public education necessary to make the system work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California officials will submit a plan to the state Legislature by February 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hill said the system could be in operation within the next two to three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Peter Jon Shuler and the Associated Press contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The head of Yosemite National Park is retiring following employee complaints that he created a hostile workplace by allowing bullying, harassment and other misconduct, allegations also raised in other popular national parks, officials said Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Superintendent Don Neubacher announced his plans Wednesday, said Andrew Munoz, a spokesman for the National Park Service. It comes less than a week after a congressional oversight committee unveiled that at least 18 Yosemite staffers complained of a toxic work environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The employees described “horrific working conditions (that) lead us to believe that the environment is indeed toxic, hostile, repressive and harassing,” the park service said in a preliminary report last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1035311\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 612px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1035311\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/09/YO-Don-Neubacher-superintendent_NPS_680-612x354.jpg\" alt=\"Don Neubacher, retiring Superintendent of Yosemite National Park\" width=\"612\" height=\"354\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/09/YO-Don-Neubacher-superintendent_NPS_680-612x354.jpg 612w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/09/YO-Don-Neubacher-superintendent_NPS_680-612x354-400x231.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 612px) 100vw, 612px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Don Neubacher, retiring Superintendent of Yosemite National Park \u003ccite>(National Park Service)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The congressional hearing also showed wider allegations of sexual harassment, bullying and other misconduct among employees at national parks including Yellowstone and the Grand Canyon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neubacher, who headed Yosemite for nearly seven years, was not immediately available for comment, but his emailed statement to park staffers was provided to The Associated Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I regret leaving at this time, but want to do what’s best for Yosemite National Park,” he said in Wednesday’s message. “It is an iconic areas that is world renowned and deserves special attention.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neubacher did not mention the allegations but listed several accomplishments the park made in recent years under his leadership, including adding 400 acres and restoring the native Western Pond turtles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His retirement is effective Nov. 1 and he will be on leave immediately, he said in the statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘In Yosemite National Park today, dozens of people, the majority of whom are women, are being bullied, belittled, disenfranchised and marginalized.’\u003ccite>Kelly Martin, Yosemite National Park Chief of Fire and Aviation Management\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>At the congressional hearing, Kelly Martin, Yosemite’s fire chief, testified that Neubacher publicly humiliated her and intimidated staffers in front of others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In Yosemite National Park today, dozens of people, the majority of whom are women, are being bullied, belittled, disenfranchised and marginalized,” according to Martin’s written testimony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neubacher sent an apology email to all park employees days after the hearing, referencing “some serious staff concerns related to Yosemite’s workplace environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. House Oversight Committee Chairman Jason Chaffetz said in an AP interview Wednesday, prior to Neubacher’s retirement announcement, that he was concerned about a “corrosive culture” that tolerates sexual harassment within the National Park Service and has been allowed to persist for too long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Utah Republican predicted that the number of parks with sexual harassment scandals will grow as victims become more confident that they can speak up and be heard.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The head of Yosemite National Park is retiring following employee complaints that he created a hostile workplace by allowing bullying, harassment and other misconduct, allegations also raised in other popular national parks, officials said Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Superintendent Don Neubacher announced his plans Wednesday, said Andrew Munoz, a spokesman for the National Park Service. It comes less than a week after a congressional oversight committee unveiled that at least 18 Yosemite staffers complained of a toxic work environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The employees described “horrific working conditions (that) lead us to believe that the environment is indeed toxic, hostile, repressive and harassing,” the park service said in a preliminary report last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1035311\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 612px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1035311\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/09/YO-Don-Neubacher-superintendent_NPS_680-612x354.jpg\" alt=\"Don Neubacher, retiring Superintendent of Yosemite National Park\" width=\"612\" height=\"354\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/09/YO-Don-Neubacher-superintendent_NPS_680-612x354.jpg 612w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/09/YO-Don-Neubacher-superintendent_NPS_680-612x354-400x231.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 612px) 100vw, 612px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Don Neubacher, retiring Superintendent of Yosemite National Park \u003ccite>(National Park Service)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The congressional hearing also showed wider allegations of sexual harassment, bullying and other misconduct among employees at national parks including Yellowstone and the Grand Canyon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neubacher, who headed Yosemite for nearly seven years, was not immediately available for comment, but his emailed statement to park staffers was provided to The Associated Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I regret leaving at this time, but want to do what’s best for Yosemite National Park,” he said in Wednesday’s message. “It is an iconic areas that is world renowned and deserves special attention.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neubacher did not mention the allegations but listed several accomplishments the park made in recent years under his leadership, including adding 400 acres and restoring the native Western Pond turtles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His retirement is effective Nov. 1 and he will be on leave immediately, he said in the statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘In Yosemite National Park today, dozens of people, the majority of whom are women, are being bullied, belittled, disenfranchised and marginalized.’\u003ccite>Kelly Martin, Yosemite National Park Chief of Fire and Aviation Management\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>At the congressional hearing, Kelly Martin, Yosemite’s fire chief, testified that Neubacher publicly humiliated her and intimidated staffers in front of others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In Yosemite National Park today, dozens of people, the majority of whom are women, are being bullied, belittled, disenfranchised and marginalized,” according to Martin’s written testimony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neubacher sent an apology email to all park employees days after the hearing, referencing “some serious staff concerns related to Yosemite’s workplace environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. House Oversight Committee Chairman Jason Chaffetz said in an AP interview Wednesday, prior to Neubacher’s retirement announcement, that he was concerned about a “corrosive culture” that tolerates sexual harassment within the National Park Service and has been allowed to persist for too long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Utah Republican predicted that the number of parks with sexual harassment scandals will grow as victims become more confident that they can speak up and be heard.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The marine terminal that oil tankers use to unload crude to the Phillips 66 refinery in Rodeo has reopened, a week after an \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/09/22/officials-investigate-whether-phillips-66-refinery-tied-to-san-pablo-bay-oil-spill/\" target=\"_blank\">investigation into an oil spill and sickening odor\u003c/a> prompted the company to shut it down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A tanker at the refinery named the Yamuna Spirit left San Pablo Bay and the marine terminal restarted operations Tuesday night, said Phillips 66 spokesman Paul Adler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, a top Bay Area health official said the refinery needs to notify local agencies faster next time it learns of an oil spill near its facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Randy Sawyer, Contra Costa County's chief environmental health and hazardous materials officer, said Phillips 66 took 10 hours to tell his agency about the spill, a delay that could have impacted the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Hours later the sheen was gone and there was no evidence of it at that location,\" Sawyer said. \"So we lost some valuable time in trying to determine where the oil came from.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phillips 66 has not responded to requests for comment on its delay in contacting the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The odor that sent dozens to the hospital and prompted the investigation was first reported at 7:15 p.m. on Sept. 20, according to Joanna Altman, an assistant to Vallejo's city manager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Callers to the city's communications operators complained of an unknown odor in South Vallejo, areas just north of the Carquinez Strait and on the eastern shore of San Pablo Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city issued a shelter in place order, and city crews and PG&E representatives tried to find the source of the odor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after 8 p.m. that night, Vallejo city officials were told that Phillips 66 had shut down some of its operations, but they were not told why, Altman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crews on two San Francisco Bay ferryboats returning to Vallejo then reported an oil sheen to the U.S. Coast Guard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sawyer said that crews unloading crude from the Yamuna Spirit noticed a sheen in San Pablo Bay at 1 a.m. the following Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At daybreak, the Coast Guard confirmed the presence of a sheen that was 1 mile long and 40 feet wide. The agency later learned that there were two oil sheens in the water, one of them close to the Phillips 66 terminal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery told the California State Warning Center shortly before 9 a.m., according to Shawn Boyd, a spokesman for the Governor's Office of Emergency Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company told Contra Costa's hazardous materials program at 11 a.m., Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Coast Guard and the state Office of Spill Prevention and Response (OSPR) have been testing the liquid found in the sheens to determine what the substance was and where it came from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/OSPR/CalSpillWatch\" target=\"_blank\">Results of those tests are pending\u003c/a> and the investigation is ongoing, said OSPR spokeswoman Amy Norris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of answers frustrates at least one Vallejo city official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Councilwoman Katy Miessner said the possibility that an oil spill may have sickened some of the city's residents is cause for concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think this is something we're going to have to address,\" Miessner said. \"Personally, I had no idea that we were vulnerable to the refineries across the bay.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The marine terminal that oil tankers use to unload crude to the Phillips 66 refinery in Rodeo has reopened, a week after an \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/09/22/officials-investigate-whether-phillips-66-refinery-tied-to-san-pablo-bay-oil-spill/\" target=\"_blank\">investigation into an oil spill and sickening odor\u003c/a> prompted the company to shut it down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A tanker at the refinery named the Yamuna Spirit left San Pablo Bay and the marine terminal restarted operations Tuesday night, said Phillips 66 spokesman Paul Adler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, a top Bay Area health official said the refinery needs to notify local agencies faster next time it learns of an oil spill near its facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Randy Sawyer, Contra Costa County's chief environmental health and hazardous materials officer, said Phillips 66 took 10 hours to tell his agency about the spill, a delay that could have impacted the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Hours later the sheen was gone and there was no evidence of it at that location,\" Sawyer said. \"So we lost some valuable time in trying to determine where the oil came from.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phillips 66 has not responded to requests for comment on its delay in contacting the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The odor that sent dozens to the hospital and prompted the investigation was first reported at 7:15 p.m. on Sept. 20, according to Joanna Altman, an assistant to Vallejo's city manager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Callers to the city's communications operators complained of an unknown odor in South Vallejo, areas just north of the Carquinez Strait and on the eastern shore of San Pablo Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city issued a shelter in place order, and city crews and PG&E representatives tried to find the source of the odor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after 8 p.m. that night, Vallejo city officials were told that Phillips 66 had shut down some of its operations, but they were not told why, Altman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crews on two San Francisco Bay ferryboats returning to Vallejo then reported an oil sheen to the U.S. Coast Guard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sawyer said that crews unloading crude from the Yamuna Spirit noticed a sheen in San Pablo Bay at 1 a.m. the following Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At daybreak, the Coast Guard confirmed the presence of a sheen that was 1 mile long and 40 feet wide. The agency later learned that there were two oil sheens in the water, one of them close to the Phillips 66 terminal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery told the California State Warning Center shortly before 9 a.m., according to Shawn Boyd, a spokesman for the Governor's Office of Emergency Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company told Contra Costa's hazardous materials program at 11 a.m., Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Coast Guard and the state Office of Spill Prevention and Response (OSPR) have been testing the liquid found in the sheens to determine what the substance was and where it came from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/OSPR/CalSpillWatch\" target=\"_blank\">Results of those tests are pending\u003c/a> and the investigation is ongoing, said OSPR spokeswoman Amy Norris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of answers frustrates at least one Vallejo city official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Councilwoman Katy Miessner said the possibility that an oil spill may have sickened some of the city's residents is cause for concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think this is something we're going to have to address,\" Miessner said. \"Personally, I had no idea that we were vulnerable to the refineries across the bay.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Whales, Sea Turtles, Seals: The Unintended Catch of Abandoned Fishing Gear",
"title": "Whales, Sea Turtles, Seals: The Unintended Catch of Abandoned Fishing Gear",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 29 Sept 2016:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Governor Jerry Brown signed a bill this month allowing the retrieval of lost or abandoned crab traps after crab fishing season has closed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Current law doesn't allow anyone to disturb traps belonging to another person; the new law establishes a permit that grants a person the authority to collect lost or abandoned crab traps belonging to others, and provides a fee for each trap turned in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill also requires crab fishermen to pay a fee for each trap of theirs turned in, and prohibits the renewal of their fishing permit until the fee is paid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post:\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThere are fewer than 500 North Atlantic right whales left in the world. And now, one less: This weekend, one of the 45-ton creatures was found dead off the coast of Maine, completely entangled in fishing line — head, flippers and all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was not an isolated incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late June, an\u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-blue-whale-rescue-coast-entangled-20160628-snap-story.html\"> endangered blue whale\u003c/a> wrapped in fishing gear was seen struggling off the coast of Dana Point in Southern California. Rescuers were unable to extricate it before it swam away. And earlier this month, rescuers unsuccessfully tried to free an\u003ca href=\"http://www.ocregister.com/articles/whale-729059-entangled-humpback.html\"> entangled humpback\u003c/a> whale near Newport. Spotters say they believe the humpback eventually found its way free of most of the gear, though they're unsure if there's anything still trapped in its mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While any kind of fishing gear can be lost or abandoned at sea, gillnets, crab pots and traps are the most common types that continue to \"ghost fish\" — entrapping marine animals like whales, seals, sea lions and sea turtles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the West Coast saw 61 whale entanglements — \u003ca href=\"http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/campaigns/fisheries/pdfs/NMFS_3-21-2016_entaglements.pdf\">a record number\u003c/a> that is nonetheless likely to be broken this year. So far in 2016, there have been 60 reports of entanglements as of late September. Why it's happening is unclear. Researchers say there's more derelict gear in the water today, and more reported sightings, but population numbers and migratory patterns of whales have also shifted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happens when a whale becomes entangled is grim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The gear is really, really heavy and when a whale comes in contact with it, it thrashes around to shed the gear,\" says Kristen Monsell, an attorney with the Center for Biological Diversity. Sometimes that works; sometimes it entangles the whale even further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sometimes it can drown the whale immediately, or it can happen over weeks, because they get so tired,\" she says. \"They eventually die of exhaustion. If the gear is in their mouths, it impedes their ability to feed. It can amputate their tails or other parts of the body. And for younger whales, the gear may wrap around them, but the whale keeps growing and it cuts into their flesh.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To combat the problem, Gov. Jerry Brown signed \u003ca href=\"http://sd02.senate.ca.gov/news/2016-09-23-governor-brown-signs-mcguire%E2%80%99s-whale-protection-bill\">The Whale Protection & Crab Gear Retrieval Act\u003c/a> into law on Friday. A first of its kind for the state, the new law is designed to reduce the number of whales caught in fishing gear by creating financial incentives for the state's Dungeness and rock crab fishermen to collect any abandoned gear they find during the offseason. An \u003ca href=\"http://www.pcouncil.org/wp-content/uploads/FEP_FINAL.pdf\">estimated\u003c/a> 40,000 Dungeness crab pots may be lost every year between California and the Canadian border. And that's just one fishery in one region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But until now, plucking lost gear out of California waters was illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There was an existing law that made it unlawful to move, damage or disturb any trap that belongs to another person. And you [couldn't] have gear on your boat outside of the season,\" says Monsell, a member of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.opc.ca.gov/webmaster/ftp/project_pages/whale-entanglement/Charter2016.pdf\">fishing gear group\u003c/a> that worked on strategies to reduce whale entanglements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11108041\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/ghost-fishing-2_enl-206ec1ff00a7c23481ec6741b6ebff93bfcc792d-800x1115.jpg\" alt=\"A ghost net, entangling 17 deceased sea turtles, was discovered days after a storm off the coast of Bahia, Brazil.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1115\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11108041\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/ghost-fishing-2_enl-206ec1ff00a7c23481ec6741b6ebff93bfcc792d-800x1115.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/ghost-fishing-2_enl-206ec1ff00a7c23481ec6741b6ebff93bfcc792d-400x558.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/ghost-fishing-2_enl-206ec1ff00a7c23481ec6741b6ebff93bfcc792d-960x1338.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/ghost-fishing-2_enl-206ec1ff00a7c23481ec6741b6ebff93bfcc792d.jpg 1074w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A ghost net, entangling 17 deceased sea turtles, was discovered days after a storm off the coast of Bahia, Brazil. \u003ccite>(Projeto Tamar Brazil/Marine Photobank/Courtesy of World Animal Protection)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Unlike many other types of fishing gear, crab pots are traceable to the owner. Fishermen who collect abandoned gear in the offseason will be paid a recovery bounty by the owner who lost the trap. Fishermen who do not buy back their lost or abandoned traps will not be allowed to get their vessel permit for the following season. In California, the Dungeness crab season typically runs Nov. 15-June 30, although last year's season was delayed because of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/11/07/455049713/why-a-neurotoxin-is-closing-crab-season-in-california\">a toxic algae bloom\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're doing everything we can,\" says longtime crabber Larry Collins, president of the Crab Boat Owners Association in San Francisco. \"Three or four years ago we got trap limits. No one can throw more than 500 traps. We've decreased the gear in the water, and we're looking at that again.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Washington and Oregon also have postseason recovery programs, but unlike California's, fishermen are allowed to keep or sell the gear they retrieve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not all entanglements come from abandoned or lost gear. Whales can be caught up in active fishing gear, too, especially when changing ocean conditions move prey, like schools of anchovies, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/Unusual-Number-of-Whales-Seen-in-San-Francisco-Bay-379273711.html\">closer to shore\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Entanglements are a hard issue. When you have a whale, you don't know if it's active or abandoned fishing gear,\" says Sherry Lippiatt, California Regional Coordinator, NOAA Marine Debris Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The West Coast isn't alone in being a problem spot. It's estimated there are more than \u003ca href=\"http://myfwc.com/research/saltwater/crustaceans/lobster/fishery/trap-debris/\">85,000 derelict traps\u003c/a> in the Florida Keys, affecting 79 species and killing 630,000 lobsters a year. An estimated 450,000 pots used to catch blue crab are \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/news/ghost-story-1.18647\">lost each year\u003c/a> in Louisiana. In the Chesapeake Bay, where nearly half of all U.S. blue crabs are landed, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/articles/srep19671\">160,000 crab pots go astray\u003c/a> annually. And according to the environmental group \u003ca href=\"https://www.worldanimalprotection.us.org/news/working-our-partners-remove-lost-and-abandoned-fishing-gear-maine-waters\">World Animal Protection\u003c/a>, of the 3 million lobster pots that go into the water in Maine, an estimated 10 percent are lost each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year the group launched the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ghostgear.org/\">Global Ghost Gear Initiative\u003c/a> to tackle the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11108042\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 532px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/ghost-fishing-gear-3_enl-03fe162e6637b04ebdcf5cf1768c546d320fa3e4.jpg\" alt=\"World Animal Protection and the Gulf of Maine Lobster Foundation, in partnership with local fishermen, removed ghost fishing gear off the coast of Portland, Maine.\" width=\"532\" height=\"788\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11108042\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/ghost-fishing-gear-3_enl-03fe162e6637b04ebdcf5cf1768c546d320fa3e4.jpg 532w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/ghost-fishing-gear-3_enl-03fe162e6637b04ebdcf5cf1768c546d320fa3e4-400x592.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 532px) 100vw, 532px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">World Animal Protection and the Gulf of Maine Lobster Foundation, in partnership with local fishermen, removed ghost fishing gear off the coast of Portland, Maine. \u003ccite>(Kristian Whipple/Courtesy of World Animal Protection)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Elizabeth Hogan, campaign manager with World Animal Protection, says that each year around the globe, 640,000 tons of gear is getting lost in the ocean. \"It adds up. Very little of it is getting pulled out,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And lost gear has been known to travel great distances. \"Colleagues in the U.K. found lobster pots from Maine and Canada on the shores of the U.K. That gear crossed the ocean,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ghost gear can continue to trap fish and shellfish — and impact the health of a fishery. In the Chesapeake Bay, researchers found that removing just over 34,000 derelict pots allowed the fishery to harvest an additional 13,500 metric tons of crab worth $21.3 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other financial incentives to getting abandoned gear out of the water. Influential groups like Seafood Watch take ghost gear \u003ca href=\"http://www.seafoodwatch.org/-/m/sfw/pdf/standard%20revision%20reference/2015%20standard%20revision/mba_seafoodwatch_fisheries_criteria_final.pdf?la=en\">into account\u003c/a> when rating a fishery if there's strong evidence that it's a problem, while the Marine Stewardship Council's certification includes \u003ca href=\"https://www.msc.org/documents/scheme-documents/fisheries-certification-scheme-documents/fisheries-certification-requirements-version-2.0\">criteria\u003c/a> on effects from gear loss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://rochmanlab.com/\">Chelsea Rochman\u003c/a>, a professor at the University of Toronto who studies ocean debris, including derelict fishing gear, says that while the new California legislation is helpful, she's not sure whether it will ultimately save whales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In terms of marine debris and derelict fishing gear, it's a first step. But what's special about this law is that the fishermen are on board. It incentivises them to pick up their gear,\" she says. \"I think it's a great first step.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Collins says that's because fishers had a voice at the table when the working group first sat down to address the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're trying to be proactive and get ahead of this. Now, at the end of the season, we can pick up the gear and get it out of the ocean, because we love whales like everyone else,\" says Collins. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "An endangered whale was found dead over the weekend, entangled in derelict fishing gear. Such incidents have been on the rise, but a new California law aims to combat the problem.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 29 Sept 2016:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Governor Jerry Brown signed a bill this month allowing the retrieval of lost or abandoned crab traps after crab fishing season has closed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Current law doesn't allow anyone to disturb traps belonging to another person; the new law establishes a permit that grants a person the authority to collect lost or abandoned crab traps belonging to others, and provides a fee for each trap turned in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill also requires crab fishermen to pay a fee for each trap of theirs turned in, and prohibits the renewal of their fishing permit until the fee is paid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post:\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThere are fewer than 500 North Atlantic right whales left in the world. And now, one less: This weekend, one of the 45-ton creatures was found dead off the coast of Maine, completely entangled in fishing line — head, flippers and all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was not an isolated incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late June, an\u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-blue-whale-rescue-coast-entangled-20160628-snap-story.html\"> endangered blue whale\u003c/a> wrapped in fishing gear was seen struggling off the coast of Dana Point in Southern California. Rescuers were unable to extricate it before it swam away. And earlier this month, rescuers unsuccessfully tried to free an\u003ca href=\"http://www.ocregister.com/articles/whale-729059-entangled-humpback.html\"> entangled humpback\u003c/a> whale near Newport. Spotters say they believe the humpback eventually found its way free of most of the gear, though they're unsure if there's anything still trapped in its mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While any kind of fishing gear can be lost or abandoned at sea, gillnets, crab pots and traps are the most common types that continue to \"ghost fish\" — entrapping marine animals like whales, seals, sea lions and sea turtles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the West Coast saw 61 whale entanglements — \u003ca href=\"http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/campaigns/fisheries/pdfs/NMFS_3-21-2016_entaglements.pdf\">a record number\u003c/a> that is nonetheless likely to be broken this year. So far in 2016, there have been 60 reports of entanglements as of late September. Why it's happening is unclear. Researchers say there's more derelict gear in the water today, and more reported sightings, but population numbers and migratory patterns of whales have also shifted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happens when a whale becomes entangled is grim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The gear is really, really heavy and when a whale comes in contact with it, it thrashes around to shed the gear,\" says Kristen Monsell, an attorney with the Center for Biological Diversity. Sometimes that works; sometimes it entangles the whale even further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sometimes it can drown the whale immediately, or it can happen over weeks, because they get so tired,\" she says. \"They eventually die of exhaustion. If the gear is in their mouths, it impedes their ability to feed. It can amputate their tails or other parts of the body. And for younger whales, the gear may wrap around them, but the whale keeps growing and it cuts into their flesh.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To combat the problem, Gov. Jerry Brown signed \u003ca href=\"http://sd02.senate.ca.gov/news/2016-09-23-governor-brown-signs-mcguire%E2%80%99s-whale-protection-bill\">The Whale Protection & Crab Gear Retrieval Act\u003c/a> into law on Friday. A first of its kind for the state, the new law is designed to reduce the number of whales caught in fishing gear by creating financial incentives for the state's Dungeness and rock crab fishermen to collect any abandoned gear they find during the offseason. An \u003ca href=\"http://www.pcouncil.org/wp-content/uploads/FEP_FINAL.pdf\">estimated\u003c/a> 40,000 Dungeness crab pots may be lost every year between California and the Canadian border. And that's just one fishery in one region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But until now, plucking lost gear out of California waters was illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There was an existing law that made it unlawful to move, damage or disturb any trap that belongs to another person. And you [couldn't] have gear on your boat outside of the season,\" says Monsell, a member of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.opc.ca.gov/webmaster/ftp/project_pages/whale-entanglement/Charter2016.pdf\">fishing gear group\u003c/a> that worked on strategies to reduce whale entanglements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11108041\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/ghost-fishing-2_enl-206ec1ff00a7c23481ec6741b6ebff93bfcc792d-800x1115.jpg\" alt=\"A ghost net, entangling 17 deceased sea turtles, was discovered days after a storm off the coast of Bahia, Brazil.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1115\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11108041\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/ghost-fishing-2_enl-206ec1ff00a7c23481ec6741b6ebff93bfcc792d-800x1115.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/ghost-fishing-2_enl-206ec1ff00a7c23481ec6741b6ebff93bfcc792d-400x558.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/ghost-fishing-2_enl-206ec1ff00a7c23481ec6741b6ebff93bfcc792d-960x1338.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/ghost-fishing-2_enl-206ec1ff00a7c23481ec6741b6ebff93bfcc792d.jpg 1074w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A ghost net, entangling 17 deceased sea turtles, was discovered days after a storm off the coast of Bahia, Brazil. \u003ccite>(Projeto Tamar Brazil/Marine Photobank/Courtesy of World Animal Protection)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Unlike many other types of fishing gear, crab pots are traceable to the owner. Fishermen who collect abandoned gear in the offseason will be paid a recovery bounty by the owner who lost the trap. Fishermen who do not buy back their lost or abandoned traps will not be allowed to get their vessel permit for the following season. In California, the Dungeness crab season typically runs Nov. 15-June 30, although last year's season was delayed because of \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/11/07/455049713/why-a-neurotoxin-is-closing-crab-season-in-california\">a toxic algae bloom\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're doing everything we can,\" says longtime crabber Larry Collins, president of the Crab Boat Owners Association in San Francisco. \"Three or four years ago we got trap limits. No one can throw more than 500 traps. We've decreased the gear in the water, and we're looking at that again.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Washington and Oregon also have postseason recovery programs, but unlike California's, fishermen are allowed to keep or sell the gear they retrieve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not all entanglements come from abandoned or lost gear. Whales can be caught up in active fishing gear, too, especially when changing ocean conditions move prey, like schools of anchovies, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/Unusual-Number-of-Whales-Seen-in-San-Francisco-Bay-379273711.html\">closer to shore\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Entanglements are a hard issue. When you have a whale, you don't know if it's active or abandoned fishing gear,\" says Sherry Lippiatt, California Regional Coordinator, NOAA Marine Debris Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The West Coast isn't alone in being a problem spot. It's estimated there are more than \u003ca href=\"http://myfwc.com/research/saltwater/crustaceans/lobster/fishery/trap-debris/\">85,000 derelict traps\u003c/a> in the Florida Keys, affecting 79 species and killing 630,000 lobsters a year. An estimated 450,000 pots used to catch blue crab are \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/news/ghost-story-1.18647\">lost each year\u003c/a> in Louisiana. In the Chesapeake Bay, where nearly half of all U.S. blue crabs are landed, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/articles/srep19671\">160,000 crab pots go astray\u003c/a> annually. And according to the environmental group \u003ca href=\"https://www.worldanimalprotection.us.org/news/working-our-partners-remove-lost-and-abandoned-fishing-gear-maine-waters\">World Animal Protection\u003c/a>, of the 3 million lobster pots that go into the water in Maine, an estimated 10 percent are lost each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year the group launched the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ghostgear.org/\">Global Ghost Gear Initiative\u003c/a> to tackle the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11108042\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 532px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/ghost-fishing-gear-3_enl-03fe162e6637b04ebdcf5cf1768c546d320fa3e4.jpg\" alt=\"World Animal Protection and the Gulf of Maine Lobster Foundation, in partnership with local fishermen, removed ghost fishing gear off the coast of Portland, Maine.\" width=\"532\" height=\"788\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11108042\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/ghost-fishing-gear-3_enl-03fe162e6637b04ebdcf5cf1768c546d320fa3e4.jpg 532w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/ghost-fishing-gear-3_enl-03fe162e6637b04ebdcf5cf1768c546d320fa3e4-400x592.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 532px) 100vw, 532px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">World Animal Protection and the Gulf of Maine Lobster Foundation, in partnership with local fishermen, removed ghost fishing gear off the coast of Portland, Maine. \u003ccite>(Kristian Whipple/Courtesy of World Animal Protection)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Elizabeth Hogan, campaign manager with World Animal Protection, says that each year around the globe, 640,000 tons of gear is getting lost in the ocean. \"It adds up. Very little of it is getting pulled out,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And lost gear has been known to travel great distances. \"Colleagues in the U.K. found lobster pots from Maine and Canada on the shores of the U.K. That gear crossed the ocean,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ghost gear can continue to trap fish and shellfish — and impact the health of a fishery. In the Chesapeake Bay, researchers found that removing just over 34,000 derelict pots allowed the fishery to harvest an additional 13,500 metric tons of crab worth $21.3 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other financial incentives to getting abandoned gear out of the water. Influential groups like Seafood Watch take ghost gear \u003ca href=\"http://www.seafoodwatch.org/-/m/sfw/pdf/standard%20revision%20reference/2015%20standard%20revision/mba_seafoodwatch_fisheries_criteria_final.pdf?la=en\">into account\u003c/a> when rating a fishery if there's strong evidence that it's a problem, while the Marine Stewardship Council's certification includes \u003ca href=\"https://www.msc.org/documents/scheme-documents/fisheries-certification-scheme-documents/fisheries-certification-requirements-version-2.0\">criteria\u003c/a> on effects from gear loss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://rochmanlab.com/\">Chelsea Rochman\u003c/a>, a professor at the University of Toronto who studies ocean debris, including derelict fishing gear, says that while the new California legislation is helpful, she's not sure whether it will ultimately save whales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In terms of marine debris and derelict fishing gear, it's a first step. But what's special about this law is that the fishermen are on board. It incentivises them to pick up their gear,\" she says. \"I think it's a great first step.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Collins says that's because fishers had a voice at the table when the working group first sat down to address the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're trying to be proactive and get ahead of this. Now, at the end of the season, we can pick up the gear and get it out of the ocean, because we love whales like everyone else,\" says Collins. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Update: Firefighters Battling Santa Cruz Blaze Welcome Cooler Temperatures",
"title": "Update: Firefighters Battling Santa Cruz Blaze Welcome Cooler Temperatures",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update: 12:45 p.m. Wednesday:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The growing and destructive Loma Fire continued moving toward remote California homes in the Santa Cruz Mountains on Wednesday as it scorched its way through bone-dry brush and trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire, burning in steep mountain terrain south of San Francisco, grew overnight to over 2,200 acres and is only 10 percent contained, according to Cal Fire. It gutted one home and threatened 300 buildings, though it was not clear how many were homes or smaller structures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities ordered residents of several canyons and other rugged areas to evacuate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooler temperatures and calmer winds were expected to help more than 1,000 firefighters battling the flames, said Capt. Nick Wallingford of the Cal Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The cooling trend is very good news, but there's still a big threat,\" he said Wednesday. \"Today, we're really going on the offensive in fighting this fire.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[http_redir]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"450\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"http://firetracker.scpr.org/loma-fire-santa-clara-2016/embed/\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire burned in an area dotted with large-scale marijuana growing operations. Anthony Lopez returned Tuesday to check on his home, which was still under an evacuation order, and was overjoyed to find dozens of his marijuana plants intact and his 1972 Buick Skylark uncharred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Norman Noble, 75, left the mountain home where he's lived for a quarter-century as flames approached and fire trucks rolled in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I evacuated ... because I didn't want to get in anyone's way,\" he told the San Jose Mercury News, adding that he had no idea when he might be able to go back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire started Monday during a heat wave that brought low humidity and temperatures in the upper 90s to much of California. The heat began easing, but fire risk remained extreme.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11107879\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11107879\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/WeedPlantsLoma-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Anthony Lopez removes what's left of his marijuana crop as the Loma Fire approaches his neighborhood in the Santa Cruz Mountains on September 27, 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/WeedPlantsLoma-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/WeedPlantsLoma-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/WeedPlantsLoma.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/WeedPlantsLoma-1180x788.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/WeedPlantsLoma-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Anthony Lopez removes what's left of his marijuana crop as the Loma Fire approaches his neighborhood in the Santa Cruz Mountains on September 27, 2016. \u003ccite>(JOSH EDELSON/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update: 11:42 a.m. Tuesday:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Loma Fire has now spread over 2,000 acres, and more than 500 fire personnel are now fighting it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blaze has so far destroyed one home and charred more than 1.5 square miles of dry brush and timber, \u003ca href=\"http://www.fire.ca.gov/current_incidents\">according to Cal Fire\u003c/a>. The fire is only 5 percent contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fire right now is very active,\" said Cal Fire Battalion Chief Jonathon Cox. \"There's a lot of dry fuel up there and heat that, combined, are pushing this fire in directions at a rapid rate of spread or critical, as what we refer to it as.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evacuation centers have been set up at Soquel High School, the Jewish Community Center of Silicon Valley in Los Gatos and Morgan Hill Presbyterian Church.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11106570\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11106570 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/BurnedCarLoma-800x514.jpg\" alt=\"A burned out Porsche sits near a home partially burned by the Loma Fire in the Santa Cruz Mountains on September 27, 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"514\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/BurnedCarLoma-800x514.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/BurnedCarLoma-400x257.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/BurnedCarLoma.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/BurnedCarLoma-1180x758.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/BurnedCarLoma-960x617.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A burned-out Porsche sits near a home partially burned by the Loma Fire in the Santa Cruz Mountains on Sept. 27, 2016. \u003ccite>(JOSH EDELSON/AFP/Getty Images))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CLOVERDALE -- A fast-moving wildfire prompted the evacuations of 300 homes in the Santa Cruz Mountains, while fire crews continued to battle a blaze burning close to a massive geothermal power-producing facility in Sonoma County, officials said Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Loma Fire started Monday on the southern edge of Santa Clara County and quickly spread to 500 acres, threatening radio and television antennas, said Cal Fire spokeswoman Stephanie Stuehler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/bethwillon/status/780845866084999168\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, a second blaze known as the Sawmill Fire erupted amid hot, dry conditions and gusty winds in Sonoma County north of San Francisco and forced the temporary evacuation of one of its 14 geothermal plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brett Kerr, a spokesman for Calpine, which operates The Geysers geothermal complex, said evacuated employees were allowed to return to the plant, which started operating later Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All employees were safe and accounted for and the flow of electricity from the facility was not disrupted, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/kentphotos/status/780233282537402368\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our remaining plants at the Geysers continue to operate normally and our team is constantly assessing the situation and will take all steps necessary to ensure the safety of employees and the preservation of our facilities,\" Kerr said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire said the blaze near the small city of Cloverdale has charred about 1,500 acres, or more than 2 square miles of timber and dry brush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire spokesman Daniel Berlant said Monday that the fire also burned on plant property, but he did not know how close to the infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Geysers are located in the Mayacamas Mountains and are naturally occurring steam field reservoirs below the earth's surface. They are harnessed by Calpine to make renewable energy for homes and businesses across Northern California, according to the company web site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The site says The Geysers, spreading 45 square miles along the Sonoma and Lake County border, is the largest complex of geothermal power plants in the world. Calpine owns and operates the 14 power plants at The Geysers, providing power for the equivalent of 725,000 homes, according to the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Geysers supplies electricity to California's Sonoma, Lake and Mendocino counties, plus a portion of the power needs for Marin and Napa counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 90 residents from 36 homes near the fire were under evacuation orders or advisories Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cause of the fire was under investigation as firefighters battling the blaze Monday in steep terrain braced for another day of temperatures in the high 90s with strong winds. The fire is 55 percent contained, according to Cal Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Beth Willon contributed to this report \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update: 12:45 p.m. Wednesday:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The growing and destructive Loma Fire continued moving toward remote California homes in the Santa Cruz Mountains on Wednesday as it scorched its way through bone-dry brush and trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire, burning in steep mountain terrain south of San Francisco, grew overnight to over 2,200 acres and is only 10 percent contained, according to Cal Fire. It gutted one home and threatened 300 buildings, though it was not clear how many were homes or smaller structures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities ordered residents of several canyons and other rugged areas to evacuate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooler temperatures and calmer winds were expected to help more than 1,000 firefighters battling the flames, said Capt. Nick Wallingford of the Cal Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The cooling trend is very good news, but there's still a big threat,\" he said Wednesday. \"Today, we're really going on the offensive in fighting this fire.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[http_redir]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"450\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"http://firetracker.scpr.org/loma-fire-santa-clara-2016/embed/\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire burned in an area dotted with large-scale marijuana growing operations. Anthony Lopez returned Tuesday to check on his home, which was still under an evacuation order, and was overjoyed to find dozens of his marijuana plants intact and his 1972 Buick Skylark uncharred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Norman Noble, 75, left the mountain home where he's lived for a quarter-century as flames approached and fire trucks rolled in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I evacuated ... because I didn't want to get in anyone's way,\" he told the San Jose Mercury News, adding that he had no idea when he might be able to go back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire started Monday during a heat wave that brought low humidity and temperatures in the upper 90s to much of California. The heat began easing, but fire risk remained extreme.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11107879\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11107879\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/WeedPlantsLoma-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Anthony Lopez removes what's left of his marijuana crop as the Loma Fire approaches his neighborhood in the Santa Cruz Mountains on September 27, 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/WeedPlantsLoma-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/WeedPlantsLoma-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/WeedPlantsLoma.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/WeedPlantsLoma-1180x788.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/WeedPlantsLoma-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Anthony Lopez removes what's left of his marijuana crop as the Loma Fire approaches his neighborhood in the Santa Cruz Mountains on September 27, 2016. \u003ccite>(JOSH EDELSON/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update: 11:42 a.m. Tuesday:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Loma Fire has now spread over 2,000 acres, and more than 500 fire personnel are now fighting it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blaze has so far destroyed one home and charred more than 1.5 square miles of dry brush and timber, \u003ca href=\"http://www.fire.ca.gov/current_incidents\">according to Cal Fire\u003c/a>. The fire is only 5 percent contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fire right now is very active,\" said Cal Fire Battalion Chief Jonathon Cox. \"There's a lot of dry fuel up there and heat that, combined, are pushing this fire in directions at a rapid rate of spread or critical, as what we refer to it as.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evacuation centers have been set up at Soquel High School, the Jewish Community Center of Silicon Valley in Los Gatos and Morgan Hill Presbyterian Church.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11106570\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11106570 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/BurnedCarLoma-800x514.jpg\" alt=\"A burned out Porsche sits near a home partially burned by the Loma Fire in the Santa Cruz Mountains on September 27, 2016.\" width=\"800\" height=\"514\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/BurnedCarLoma-800x514.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/BurnedCarLoma-400x257.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/BurnedCarLoma.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/BurnedCarLoma-1180x758.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/BurnedCarLoma-960x617.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A burned-out Porsche sits near a home partially burned by the Loma Fire in the Santa Cruz Mountains on Sept. 27, 2016. \u003ccite>(JOSH EDELSON/AFP/Getty Images))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CLOVERDALE -- A fast-moving wildfire prompted the evacuations of 300 homes in the Santa Cruz Mountains, while fire crews continued to battle a blaze burning close to a massive geothermal power-producing facility in Sonoma County, officials said Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Loma Fire started Monday on the southern edge of Santa Clara County and quickly spread to 500 acres, threatening radio and television antennas, said Cal Fire spokeswoman Stephanie Stuehler.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, a second blaze known as the Sawmill Fire erupted amid hot, dry conditions and gusty winds in Sonoma County north of San Francisco and forced the temporary evacuation of one of its 14 geothermal plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brett Kerr, a spokesman for Calpine, which operates The Geysers geothermal complex, said evacuated employees were allowed to return to the plant, which started operating later Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All employees were safe and accounted for and the flow of electricity from the facility was not disrupted, he said.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\"Our remaining plants at the Geysers continue to operate normally and our team is constantly assessing the situation and will take all steps necessary to ensure the safety of employees and the preservation of our facilities,\" Kerr said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire said the blaze near the small city of Cloverdale has charred about 1,500 acres, or more than 2 square miles of timber and dry brush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire spokesman Daniel Berlant said Monday that the fire also burned on plant property, but he did not know how close to the infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Geysers are located in the Mayacamas Mountains and are naturally occurring steam field reservoirs below the earth's surface. They are harnessed by Calpine to make renewable energy for homes and businesses across Northern California, according to the company web site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The site says The Geysers, spreading 45 square miles along the Sonoma and Lake County border, is the largest complex of geothermal power plants in the world. Calpine owns and operates the 14 power plants at The Geysers, providing power for the equivalent of 725,000 homes, according to the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Geysers supplies electricity to California's Sonoma, Lake and Mendocino counties, plus a portion of the power needs for Marin and Napa counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 90 residents from 36 homes near the fire were under evacuation orders or advisories Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cause of the fire was under investigation as firefighters battling the blaze Monday in steep terrain braced for another day of temperatures in the high 90s with strong winds. The fire is 55 percent contained, according to Cal Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Beth Willon contributed to this report \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Will the Klamath River Be Renewed? Owner Applies to Remove 4 of 5 Dams",
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"content": "\u003cp>The owner of four dams on the Klamath River and the nonprofit corporation created to take responsibility for their destruction recently filed long-awaited applications with federal regulators to remove the dams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a major milestone,” said Mike Carrier, chair of the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://www.klamathrenewal.org/\">Klamath River Renewal Corp.\u003c/a> (KRRC), an entity created to oversee the massive dam removal process. Federal officials estimate decommissioning and removal could cost at least $290 million, with that work to be paid for by ratepayers of PacifiCorp and the state of California’s \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_1,_Water_Bond_(2014)\">Proposition 1.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Portland-based \u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificorp.com/index.html\">PacifiCorp \u003c/a>submitted paperwork on Sept. 23, seeking permission from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ferc.gov/\">Federal Energy Regulatory Commission\u003c/a> (FERC) to transfer ownership of the dams to the Klamath River Renewal Corp. KRRC joined that application, and is separately asking FERC to approve dam decommissioning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Early 20th century hydropower that was constructed didn’t foresee some of the environmental consequences that it would create, such as sediment behind dams, and the blockage of fish passage for species like salmon and steelhead,” KRRC’s Carrier said. He added that a dam relicensing process made complicated by environmental regulations influenced PacifiCorp’s decision to retire the hydropower projects as well. “They penciled it out and realized that the best business decision would be to agree to dam decommissioning and removal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Klamath River, which flows 263 miles from the plains of south-central Oregon to the rocky shores of California, is claimed by two states’ worth of farmers, fishers, native tribes and environmental groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'This is great news and there's no time to waste.'\u003ccite>Joshua Saxon, Karuk Tribe councilman\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It once teemed with chinook, coho, steelhead and other trout runs throughout the year. Several Native American tribes, including \u003ca href=\"http://www.yuroktribe.org/\">Yurok\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.hoopa-nsn.gov/\">Hoopa\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.karuk.us/\">Karuk\u003c/a> nations in California, have relied on its waters for thousands of years. Diverse interests have sparred over the Klamath for more than a century, when upriver dams began to enable irrigation, control flooding and create hydroelectricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2001, a year when upriver farmers’ water allocations were cut off, and 2002, when 70,000 fish died downriver, representatives of those diverse interests have negotiated ways to share the river and its resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ten years ago the idea of dam removal was extremely foreign, yet it was an idea that the parties rallied around,” said John Bezdek, counsel to the deputy secretary at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.doi.gov/\">U.S. Department of the Interior.\u003c/a> “They felt like with this central issue being addressed, it could provide a lot of the other things that was needed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2011, the Klamath Hydroelectric Settlement Agreement and the Klamath Basin Restoration Agreement aimed to improve water quality and fish habitat as well as create a framework to share water and end bitter water rights battles. But Republicans in Congress blocked the deals until they expired last December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now applicants want to decommission and remove four of the Klamath’s five dams -- J.C. Boyle, Copco No. 1, Copco No. 2 and Iron Gate Dam -- with work to begin in four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is great news and there’s no time to waste,\" said Karuk Tribe Councilman Joshua Saxon, in a prepared statement. \"We are suffering from one of the worst salmon runs in history this year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even with the support of PacificCorp, dam removal remains unpopular in some circles. Political leaders, including county supervisors in Siskiyou County, are vowing to contest the FERC application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is the first in a series of stories from the Klamath River basin. In the coming weeks we'll continue to look at the politics, the people and the fish.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The owner of four dams on the Klamath River and the nonprofit corporation created to take responsibility for their destruction recently filed long-awaited applications with federal regulators to remove the dams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a major milestone,” said Mike Carrier, chair of the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://www.klamathrenewal.org/\">Klamath River Renewal Corp.\u003c/a> (KRRC), an entity created to oversee the massive dam removal process. Federal officials estimate decommissioning and removal could cost at least $290 million, with that work to be paid for by ratepayers of PacifiCorp and the state of California’s \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_1,_Water_Bond_(2014)\">Proposition 1.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Portland-based \u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificorp.com/index.html\">PacifiCorp \u003c/a>submitted paperwork on Sept. 23, seeking permission from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ferc.gov/\">Federal Energy Regulatory Commission\u003c/a> (FERC) to transfer ownership of the dams to the Klamath River Renewal Corp. KRRC joined that application, and is separately asking FERC to approve dam decommissioning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Early 20th century hydropower that was constructed didn’t foresee some of the environmental consequences that it would create, such as sediment behind dams, and the blockage of fish passage for species like salmon and steelhead,” KRRC’s Carrier said. He added that a dam relicensing process made complicated by environmental regulations influenced PacifiCorp’s decision to retire the hydropower projects as well. “They penciled it out and realized that the best business decision would be to agree to dam decommissioning and removal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Klamath River, which flows 263 miles from the plains of south-central Oregon to the rocky shores of California, is claimed by two states’ worth of farmers, fishers, native tribes and environmental groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'This is great news and there's no time to waste.'\u003ccite>Joshua Saxon, Karuk Tribe councilman\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It once teemed with chinook, coho, steelhead and other trout runs throughout the year. Several Native American tribes, including \u003ca href=\"http://www.yuroktribe.org/\">Yurok\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.hoopa-nsn.gov/\">Hoopa\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.karuk.us/\">Karuk\u003c/a> nations in California, have relied on its waters for thousands of years. Diverse interests have sparred over the Klamath for more than a century, when upriver dams began to enable irrigation, control flooding and create hydroelectricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2001, a year when upriver farmers’ water allocations were cut off, and 2002, when 70,000 fish died downriver, representatives of those diverse interests have negotiated ways to share the river and its resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ten years ago the idea of dam removal was extremely foreign, yet it was an idea that the parties rallied around,” said John Bezdek, counsel to the deputy secretary at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.doi.gov/\">U.S. Department of the Interior.\u003c/a> “They felt like with this central issue being addressed, it could provide a lot of the other things that was needed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2011, the Klamath Hydroelectric Settlement Agreement and the Klamath Basin Restoration Agreement aimed to improve water quality and fish habitat as well as create a framework to share water and end bitter water rights battles. But Republicans in Congress blocked the deals until they expired last December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now applicants want to decommission and remove four of the Klamath’s five dams -- J.C. Boyle, Copco No. 1, Copco No. 2 and Iron Gate Dam -- with work to begin in four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is great news and there’s no time to waste,\" said Karuk Tribe Councilman Joshua Saxon, in a prepared statement. \"We are suffering from one of the worst salmon runs in history this year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even with the support of PacificCorp, dam removal remains unpopular in some circles. Political leaders, including county supervisors in Siskiyou County, are vowing to contest the FERC application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is the first in a series of stories from the Klamath River basin. In the coming weeks we'll continue to look at the politics, the people and the fish.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "San Pablo Bay Oil Spill Likely Linked to Crude Oil Tanker",
"title": "San Pablo Bay Oil Spill Likely Linked to Crude Oil Tanker",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update: 2:57 p.m. Thursday \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A unified command is inspecting the tanker docked at the Phillips 66 refinery in Rodeo, where operations have been temporarily suspended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company that owns the crude oil tanker -- known as the Yamuna Spirit -- says it is cooperating with local agencies through the unified command.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A combination of federal and state agencies, including the U.S. Coast Guard and the California Department of Fish and Wildlife's Office of Spill Prevention and Response, say they are investigating a \"broad range of potential sheen sources\" that include refineries, facilities and vessels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a press release from the unified command, there has been no visible sheen surrounding the dock or in the northern part of San Pablo Bay since Wednesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Fish and Wildlife officials say they have found no oiled wildlife in the water. But Shaye Wolf, with the Center for Biological Diversity, says the bay's ecology will experience long-term damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The reality is an oil spill is impossible to truly clean up,\" Wolf said. \"Most of the oil stays in the ecosystem and does long-term damage. So that's a real concern here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update: 9:41 a.m. Thursday\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Contra Costa County health official says the Philips 66 refinery in Rodeo was unloading crude oil from a tanker at its marine terminal at the same time hundreds of Vallejo residents began complaining about a petroleum-like odor Tuesday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local regulators say the tanker called the Yamuna Spirit may have leaked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of residents have since been hospitalized after the odor made them sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State and federal officials have conducted testing on the oil to determine what material was released. Results were expected to be released sometime before noon Thursday, but that has since changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update: 4:05 p.m. Wednesday\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Coast Guard is now saying it is responding to reports of two oil sheens in San Pablo Bay near the Phillips 66 refinery. Officials have not said how much oil has spilled, and investigators have not determined the source of either spill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the USCG says a helicopter crew spotted a sheen just over a mile long by 40 yards wide during a flyover at 7:40 a.m. today. Investigators from the Coast Guard and the California Office of Spill Prevention and Response are aboard a small boat taking samples to help determine the source.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Coast Guard flyover near the Phillips 66 Rodeo Refinery Marine Terminal identified the second sheen. Cleanup crews have placed 1,000 feet of boom on the water surrounding the refinery, and several vessels and skimmers are on scene conducting containment and cleanup operations. No oiled wildlife has been observed yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update: 2:49 p.m. Wednesday\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air Quality Management District says in a statement that \"initial indications are that a marine vessel may have a leak in its bow.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Coast Guard and state officials are investigating an oil spill in San Pablo Bay that may have produced an odor that sickened dozens of Vallejo residents Tuesday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's possible the Phillips 66 refinery in Rodeo could be connected to the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vallejo city officials issued a shelter-in-place order after hundreds of residents complained of a gaslike odor, which sent dozens to the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That shelter-in-place order was lifted Wednesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We had over 800 calls to our dispatch center of complaints of the smell, questions about what the smell is,\" Vallejo Fire Department spokesman Kevin Brown said. \"Several dozen of them were medical complaints, so we took several dozen patients into local hospitals.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED Science Editor Craig Miller, who lives in Vallejo, described the odor as it first began wafting through the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The air up here first starting turning acrid around 7:00 or 7:30 last evening and gradually became more intense. I would describe the smell as some kind of heavy petroleum distill,\" Miller said. \"It's similar to the smell you would get driving by an oil tank farm except much, much more intense, to the point where the city finally issued a shelter-in-place alert around 8:30.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For several hours Wednesday morning there was no ferry service between Vallejo and San Francisco due to the oil sheen, which had coated two ferryboats. Around 8 a.m., ferry service resumed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heidi Carle, who lives about a mile from the Carquinez Strait, was one of the residents sickened by the smell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All of a sudden the air that was coming through windows was just about toxic,\" Carle said. \"I could feel that I was starting to get very congested in my lungs, which is not normal, and my head just started pounding.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A light oily sheen was discovered shortly after 8 a.m. today at the Phillips 66 Refinery Marine Terminal in Rodeo, company spokesman Paul Adler wrote in an email to KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the email:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>At the time, a tanker was berthed at the marine terminal. Our internal response team immediately responded to the incident and we notified the National Response Center (NRC) and the United States Coast Guard. Operations at the marine terminal have been temporarily shut down and we are working closely with the Coast Guard and other agencies regarding the response.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The email indicates the exact amount of oil released is not known, and the cause of the incident is under investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the U.S. Coast Guard, the California Office of Spill Prevention and Response and the Bay Area Air Quality Management District are investigating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Ted Goldberg, Brian Watt and John Sepulvado contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update: 2:57 p.m. Thursday \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A unified command is inspecting the tanker docked at the Phillips 66 refinery in Rodeo, where operations have been temporarily suspended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company that owns the crude oil tanker -- known as the Yamuna Spirit -- says it is cooperating with local agencies through the unified command.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A combination of federal and state agencies, including the U.S. Coast Guard and the California Department of Fish and Wildlife's Office of Spill Prevention and Response, say they are investigating a \"broad range of potential sheen sources\" that include refineries, facilities and vessels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a press release from the unified command, there has been no visible sheen surrounding the dock or in the northern part of San Pablo Bay since Wednesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Fish and Wildlife officials say they have found no oiled wildlife in the water. But Shaye Wolf, with the Center for Biological Diversity, says the bay's ecology will experience long-term damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The reality is an oil spill is impossible to truly clean up,\" Wolf said. \"Most of the oil stays in the ecosystem and does long-term damage. So that's a real concern here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update: 9:41 a.m. Thursday\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Contra Costa County health official says the Philips 66 refinery in Rodeo was unloading crude oil from a tanker at its marine terminal at the same time hundreds of Vallejo residents began complaining about a petroleum-like odor Tuesday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local regulators say the tanker called the Yamuna Spirit may have leaked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of residents have since been hospitalized after the odor made them sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State and federal officials have conducted testing on the oil to determine what material was released. Results were expected to be released sometime before noon Thursday, but that has since changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update: 4:05 p.m. Wednesday\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Coast Guard is now saying it is responding to reports of two oil sheens in San Pablo Bay near the Phillips 66 refinery. Officials have not said how much oil has spilled, and investigators have not determined the source of either spill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the USCG says a helicopter crew spotted a sheen just over a mile long by 40 yards wide during a flyover at 7:40 a.m. today. Investigators from the Coast Guard and the California Office of Spill Prevention and Response are aboard a small boat taking samples to help determine the source.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Coast Guard flyover near the Phillips 66 Rodeo Refinery Marine Terminal identified the second sheen. Cleanup crews have placed 1,000 feet of boom on the water surrounding the refinery, and several vessels and skimmers are on scene conducting containment and cleanup operations. No oiled wildlife has been observed yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update: 2:49 p.m. Wednesday\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air Quality Management District says in a statement that \"initial indications are that a marine vessel may have a leak in its bow.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Coast Guard and state officials are investigating an oil spill in San Pablo Bay that may have produced an odor that sickened dozens of Vallejo residents Tuesday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's possible the Phillips 66 refinery in Rodeo could be connected to the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vallejo city officials issued a shelter-in-place order after hundreds of residents complained of a gaslike odor, which sent dozens to the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That shelter-in-place order was lifted Wednesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We had over 800 calls to our dispatch center of complaints of the smell, questions about what the smell is,\" Vallejo Fire Department spokesman Kevin Brown said. \"Several dozen of them were medical complaints, so we took several dozen patients into local hospitals.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED Science Editor Craig Miller, who lives in Vallejo, described the odor as it first began wafting through the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The air up here first starting turning acrid around 7:00 or 7:30 last evening and gradually became more intense. I would describe the smell as some kind of heavy petroleum distill,\" Miller said. \"It's similar to the smell you would get driving by an oil tank farm except much, much more intense, to the point where the city finally issued a shelter-in-place alert around 8:30.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For several hours Wednesday morning there was no ferry service between Vallejo and San Francisco due to the oil sheen, which had coated two ferryboats. Around 8 a.m., ferry service resumed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heidi Carle, who lives about a mile from the Carquinez Strait, was one of the residents sickened by the smell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All of a sudden the air that was coming through windows was just about toxic,\" Carle said. \"I could feel that I was starting to get very congested in my lungs, which is not normal, and my head just started pounding.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A light oily sheen was discovered shortly after 8 a.m. today at the Phillips 66 Refinery Marine Terminal in Rodeo, company spokesman Paul Adler wrote in an email to KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the email:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>At the time, a tanker was berthed at the marine terminal. Our internal response team immediately responded to the incident and we notified the National Response Center (NRC) and the United States Coast Guard. Operations at the marine terminal have been temporarily shut down and we are working closely with the Coast Guard and other agencies regarding the response.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The email indicates the exact amount of oil released is not known, and the cause of the incident is under investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the U.S. Coast Guard, the California Office of Spill Prevention and Response and the Bay Area Air Quality Management District are investigating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Ted Goldberg, Brian Watt and John Sepulvado contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A wildfire that's been burning for nearly two months in Monterey County east of the Big Sur coast has surpassed $200 million in firefighting costs, becoming the costliest to fight in U.S. history, according to data released Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Sept. 20, \u003ca href=\"http://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/4888/\">the Soberanes Fire \u003c/a>has cost $208.4 million to fight, according to the National Interagency Fire Center. And with the blaze only 67 percent contained, there could be weeks left before the firefight is done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost of fighting the massive blaze is now well past the previous high of $165 million established by the 2002 Biscuit Fire that burned in California and Oregon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Soberanes Fire figure does not include actual damages done by the fire such as destroyed homes -- it reflects only the costs of extinguishing and containing it. It's also not adjusted for inflation, which would put the Biscuit Fire and others ahead of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"xaH6183hKhVSyVRCvSAkGxaUxNXK85Ga\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost is mostly attributable to the long duration of the fire and the need to pay thousands of firefighters for their daily work, the U.S. Forest Service said. The daily costs got as high as $8 million at the fire's peak, though they've settled at closer to $2 million as the blaze has calmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire burning in the Los Padres National Forest wrought havoc on the summer tourist season in the area after it broke out \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/07/29/soberanes-fire-containment-update/\" target=\"_blank\">because of an illegal, abandoned campfire\u003c/a> on July 22.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wildfire has also exacted a human toll. A \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/08/05/soberanes-fire-bulldozer-operator-killed/\" target=\"_blank\">bulldozer driver was killed\u003c/a> after being ejected from his machine as it rolled down a steep slope the night of July 26. More recently, another driver was seriously injured when his large water tender vehicle rolled over multiple times down an embankment. Both workers were employed by private contractors, and state regulators are \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/09/20/another-private-contractor-under-investigation-in-soberanes-fire-injury/\" target=\"_blank\">investigating both incidents\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A wildfire that's been burning for nearly two months in Monterey County east of the Big Sur coast has surpassed $200 million in firefighting costs, becoming the costliest to fight in U.S. history, according to data released Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Sept. 20, \u003ca href=\"http://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/4888/\">the Soberanes Fire \u003c/a>has cost $208.4 million to fight, according to the National Interagency Fire Center. And with the blaze only 67 percent contained, there could be weeks left before the firefight is done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost of fighting the massive blaze is now well past the previous high of $165 million established by the 2002 Biscuit Fire that burned in California and Oregon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Soberanes Fire figure does not include actual damages done by the fire such as destroyed homes -- it reflects only the costs of extinguishing and containing it. It's also not adjusted for inflation, which would put the Biscuit Fire and others ahead of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost is mostly attributable to the long duration of the fire and the need to pay thousands of firefighters for their daily work, the U.S. Forest Service said. The daily costs got as high as $8 million at the fire's peak, though they've settled at closer to $2 million as the blaze has calmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire burning in the Los Padres National Forest wrought havoc on the summer tourist season in the area after it broke out \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/07/29/soberanes-fire-containment-update/\" target=\"_blank\">because of an illegal, abandoned campfire\u003c/a> on July 22.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wildfire has also exacted a human toll. A \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/08/05/soberanes-fire-bulldozer-operator-killed/\" target=\"_blank\">bulldozer driver was killed\u003c/a> after being ejected from his machine as it rolled down a steep slope the night of July 26. More recently, another driver was seriously injured when his large water tender vehicle rolled over multiple times down an embankment. Both workers were employed by private contractors, and state regulators are \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/09/20/another-private-contractor-under-investigation-in-soberanes-fire-injury/\" target=\"_blank\">investigating both incidents\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>State regulators have opened an investigation into Industrial Defense Development Inc., a private contractor that employs a worker who was seriously injured when his water tender flipped over while battling a massive wildfire burning in Monterey County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's the second time this summer a private contractor has come under scrutiny after a worker was hurt while battling the Soberanes Fire, which has \u003ca href=\"http://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/4888/\">burned more than 117,000 acres\u003c/a> since it ignited two months ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first incident killed a bulldozer operator in late July. A \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/08/05/soberanes-fire-bulldozer-operator-killed/\">preliminary report\u003c/a> by Cal Fire found that Robert Reagan, the operator, was ejected from his machine as it tipped over on a steep embankment. Czirban Concrete, the construction company that employed Reagan, had its \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/08/02/employer-of-worker-killed-in-soberanes-fire-under-scrutiny/\">license suspended eight times\u003c/a> by state regulators in the last four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.montereyherald.com/article/NF/20160912/NEWS/160919935\">most recent water tender incident\u003c/a> took place on the west side of the Soberanes Fire on Sept. 11.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"Fqq1COqypACCr6uCXLJoSz3vqiESsrrM\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The large vehicle rolled over multiple times down an embankment, according to the U.S. Forest Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The injured 60-year-old man inside was taken to a hospital, where he was expected to make a full recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forest Service officials have released little about the incident or the worker, despite repeated requests for information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For several days, officials with California’s Division of Occupational Safety and Health (Cal/OSHA) did not believe the incident was in their jurisdiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the Sobranes Fire is managed by federal fire officials on federal land, Cal/OSHA did not immediately investigate the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But last Friday afternoon, five days after the accident, that changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Per legal guidance that we have recently received, Cal/OSHA ... opened an investigation into this case,\" said agency spokeswoman Julia Bernstein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Industrial Defense Development Inc. is based in both Groveland in Tuolomne County and San Luis Obispo, and is owned by Scott Harvey, who could not be reached for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Czirban Concrete and Industrial Defense Development are just two of a number of companies that Cal Fire and the Forest Service contracted with on the Soberanes Fire, a practice the agencies employ for large wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
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"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
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"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"order": 16
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},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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