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"content": "\u003cp>State officials say that it will take 30 to 45 days to repair damage detected this week at a key point in the state's system for shipping water from the Delta to farms in the San Joaquin Valley and to cities from Silicon Valley to Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Department of Water Resources says the damage, involving extensive underwater erosion around a concrete intake structure at Clifton Court Forebay in eastern Contra Costa County, should not result in an interruption of water deliveries to any of its many farm and city customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The forebay is a small reservoir that holds water to be pumped from the State Water Project's pumps into the California and South Bay aqueducts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem grows indirectly out of California's extraordinarily wet winter and resulting high flows down the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers into the Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Water Project took the opportunity to run its Delta pumps full bore for weeks on end to ship water south. The resulting high flows are believed to have contributed to erosion around the concrete apron at the intake gates at the reservoir's southeastern corner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What this erosion has done is undercut the apron where water flows across,\" said Doug Carlson, a DWR spokesman. \"We're going to be putting concrete into the area that's eroded over the next 30 to 45 days, hardening that and improving the apron.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That work won't begin until Thursday at the earliest, when the intake is completely shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlson said because the State Water Project's reservoirs are close to full and demand for water is low because of the season's abundant rain, there should be no interruption of deliveries to the system's customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Luis Reservoir, shared by federal and state water projects, has reached its 2 million acre-foot capacity, in large part because of the aggressive earlier pumping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a perfect time to do this -- if you had to pick a time, it would be now,\" Carlson said. \"You don't like to have a problem like this, but when they do occur, it's convenient that they occur when demand is low and we can get in there and get the job done without any interruption to scheduled deliveries.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlson also said that deliveries would continue through the South Bay Aqueduct, which supplies parts of Alameda and Santa Clara counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Clifton Court Forebay situation isn't as dire as the public safety emergency that arose last month at the State Water Project's Oroville Dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Damage to the dam's main spillway led to water flowing over an emergency weir. The resulting erosion triggered concerns that the emergency structure would collapse and unleash a wall of water down the Feather River. Those concerns led to a mass evacuation from the town of Oroville and other downstream communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Construction crews continue to do short-term reinforcement of Oroville Dam's spillway.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What this erosion has done is undercut the apron where water flows across,\" said Doug Carlson, a DWR spokesman. \"We're going to be putting concrete into the area that's eroded over the next 30 to 45 days, hardening that and improving the apron.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That work won't begin until Thursday at the earliest, when the intake is completely shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlson said because the State Water Project's reservoirs are close to full and demand for water is low because of the season's abundant rain, there should be no interruption of deliveries to the system's customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Luis Reservoir, shared by federal and state water projects, has reached its 2 million acre-foot capacity, in large part because of the aggressive earlier pumping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a perfect time to do this -- if you had to pick a time, it would be now,\" Carlson said. \"You don't like to have a problem like this, but when they do occur, it's convenient that they occur when demand is low and we can get in there and get the job done without any interruption to scheduled deliveries.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlson also said that deliveries would continue through the South Bay Aqueduct, which supplies parts of Alameda and Santa Clara counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Clifton Court Forebay situation isn't as dire as the public safety emergency that arose last month at the State Water Project's Oroville Dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Damage to the dam's main spillway led to water flowing over an emergency weir. The resulting erosion triggered concerns that the emergency structure would collapse and unleash a wall of water down the Feather River. Those concerns led to a mass evacuation from the town of Oroville and other downstream communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Construction crews continue to do short-term reinforcement of Oroville Dam's spillway.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California Oil Sees Ally in Trump, Even If He Can't Really Help Them",
"headTitle": "California Oil Sees Ally in Trump, Even If He Can’t Really Help Them | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>President Trump has vowed to bolster the country’s oil and gas industry by rolling back environmental regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it may not make much of a difference for California oil. The industry’s success is tied to a broad mix of influences, some outside the scope of federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘If you ask me the biggest reason why I voted for Trump, it’s because they forgot the middle class. They completely forgot those guys that are out there working on that rig.’\u003ccite>Chad Hathaway, Hathaway LLC\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In Kern County, in the heart of California’s oil country, 53 percent of voters chose Trump in November and support for the President is strong. The county, at the southern end of the Central Valley, produces 70 percent of the oil pumped out of the ground here and is one of this blue state’s pockets of dark red.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But ask most oil folks if they think Trump will make a difference to their industry, and the answer is largely the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not really, no,” says Chad Hathaway, who owns a small oil company in Bakersfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driving through town, you can’t miss how big oil is here — there are oil wells on the main streets of town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are close,” says Hathaway. “We are family and when part of the family hurts, everybody feels it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People here hit a low point last year when oil dropped to $26 a barrel, a quarter of what it was three years ago. Many companies laid off workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hathaway, a tall, 40-year-old guy with a determined streak, rode out the downturn by cutting pay. In December, he was able to drill some new oil wells and hire a few people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1478359\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1478359\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway.jpg\" alt=\"Chad Hathaway owns an oil company in Bakersfield.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1162\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway-160x97.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway-800x484.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway-768x465.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway-1020x617.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway-1180x714.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway-960x581.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway-240x145.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway-375x227.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway-520x315.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chad Hathaway owns an oil company in Bakersfield. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I had one of the roughnecks come up to me said, ‘You know what? My family, just having a job at Christmas time meant a lot to us,’” Hathaway says. “That’s meaningful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s what it came down to on election day, when Hathaway filled out his ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you ask me the biggest reason why I voted for Trump, it’s because they forgot the middle class,” he says about the Democrats. “They completely forgot those guys that are out there working on that rig.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To Hathaway, Kern County is a forgotten part of California, overlooked by cities on the coast where the economic upswing has returned full-force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like the people from LA and San Francisco,” he says. “They fly over this area all the time. They see all these farm fields and they can’t see the oil wells. But they don’t realize what we do to keep this state moving on daily basis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hathaway is even a supporter of California’s booming solar industry. “I have a lot of solar,” he says. “I’m a huge solar guy. If it makes sense, I’ll do it. I am not stupid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hathaway says he gets into Facebook battles with family members in the Bay Area who don’t understand\u003cb> \u003c/b>this part of the state, or his support for Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They just don’t understand,” he says. “How are we so dumb down here to think that this guy is actually going to do something for us? Well, nobody else was doing it for us before.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, as even Hathaway acknowledges, there may be little Trump can do for the state’s oil industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is the fourth-largest oil-producing state in the nation, but production has been declining since the mid-1980s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”VoMPoJgde3sCIYWFTjOsMMKIdT4Gjt6T”]That’s because the major economic driver for the industry is the price of oil. It rises and falls due to global market forces, including the international consortium OPEC, which is largely beyond President Trump’s reach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other reason is that California has a major say in environmental regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ninety percent of my problems are with Sacramento,” Hathaway says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hathaway doesn’t disparage all environmental regulations. ““Some are good,” he says. “Some are meaningful. Some are not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was glad to see Trump get rid of a rule about air pollution, which regulated methane from oil and gas wells. Nonetheless, California \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2017/02/08/68859/as-feds-roll-back-methane-rule-california-pushes-a/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has its own version of that rule\u003c/a>. So Hathaway won’t see much of a difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other people here in Kern County are feeling more optimistic, because there are policies where the federal government holds sway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in a good mood,” says Les Clark. He’s been in oil since 1965, but now runs a trade association called the Independent Oil Producers’ Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We meet up in Taft, a small town west of Bakersfield that was built around oil. Clark’s granddaughter is playing in the Friday night basketball game at the high school, where he knows almost everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clark says the federal government controls some rules, like ones relating to oil industry wastewater. The \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/01/17/california-says-oil-companies-can-keep-dumping-wastewater-during-state-review/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">federal EPA is currently reviewing\u003c/a> where oil companies can dispose of that water, so Clark thinks the Trump Administration could make it easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s going to help us, yeah,” he says. “I think a lot of those guys, they understand that some of these regulations are very onerous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, California lawmakers have said they plan to fight every inch of backsliding on environmental rules. A \u003ca href=\"http://sd24.senate.ca.gov/news/2017-02-23-senate-unveils-california-environmental-defense-act-public-lands-and-whistleblower\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">proposed legislative package\u003c/a> would lock in protections for water and air in the event the Trump Administration changes them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That federal-state push and pull is what Clark and others here in Kern County are watching. They’re waiting to see if Trump’s victory in November is actually a victory for them\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "In an occasional series on California's political divide, we travel to oil country to find out what people want from the Trump Administration.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Trump has vowed to bolster the country’s oil and gas industry by rolling back environmental regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it may not make much of a difference for California oil. The industry’s success is tied to a broad mix of influences, some outside the scope of federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘If you ask me the biggest reason why I voted for Trump, it’s because they forgot the middle class. They completely forgot those guys that are out there working on that rig.’\u003ccite>Chad Hathaway, Hathaway LLC\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In Kern County, in the heart of California’s oil country, 53 percent of voters chose Trump in November and support for the President is strong. The county, at the southern end of the Central Valley, produces 70 percent of the oil pumped out of the ground here and is one of this blue state’s pockets of dark red.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But ask most oil folks if they think Trump will make a difference to their industry, and the answer is largely the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not really, no,” says Chad Hathaway, who owns a small oil company in Bakersfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driving through town, you can’t miss how big oil is here — there are oil wells on the main streets of town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are close,” says Hathaway. “We are family and when part of the family hurts, everybody feels it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People here hit a low point last year when oil dropped to $26 a barrel, a quarter of what it was three years ago. Many companies laid off workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hathaway, a tall, 40-year-old guy with a determined streak, rode out the downturn by cutting pay. In December, he was able to drill some new oil wells and hire a few people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1478359\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1478359\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway.jpg\" alt=\"Chad Hathaway owns an oil company in Bakersfield.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1162\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway-160x97.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway-800x484.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway-768x465.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway-1020x617.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway-1180x714.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway-960x581.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway-240x145.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway-375x227.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/hathaway-520x315.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chad Hathaway owns an oil company in Bakersfield. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I had one of the roughnecks come up to me said, ‘You know what? My family, just having a job at Christmas time meant a lot to us,’” Hathaway says. “That’s meaningful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s what it came down to on election day, when Hathaway filled out his ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you ask me the biggest reason why I voted for Trump, it’s because they forgot the middle class,” he says about the Democrats. “They completely forgot those guys that are out there working on that rig.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To Hathaway, Kern County is a forgotten part of California, overlooked by cities on the coast where the economic upswing has returned full-force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like the people from LA and San Francisco,” he says. “They fly over this area all the time. They see all these farm fields and they can’t see the oil wells. But they don’t realize what we do to keep this state moving on daily basis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hathaway is even a supporter of California’s booming solar industry. “I have a lot of solar,” he says. “I’m a huge solar guy. If it makes sense, I’ll do it. I am not stupid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hathaway says he gets into Facebook battles with family members in the Bay Area who don’t understand\u003cb> \u003c/b>this part of the state, or his support for Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They just don’t understand,” he says. “How are we so dumb down here to think that this guy is actually going to do something for us? Well, nobody else was doing it for us before.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, as even Hathaway acknowledges, there may be little Trump can do for the state’s oil industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is the fourth-largest oil-producing state in the nation, but production has been declining since the mid-1980s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>That’s because the major economic driver for the industry is the price of oil. It rises and falls due to global market forces, including the international consortium OPEC, which is largely beyond President Trump’s reach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other reason is that California has a major say in environmental regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ninety percent of my problems are with Sacramento,” Hathaway says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hathaway doesn’t disparage all environmental regulations. ““Some are good,” he says. “Some are meaningful. Some are not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was glad to see Trump get rid of a rule about air pollution, which regulated methane from oil and gas wells. Nonetheless, California \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2017/02/08/68859/as-feds-roll-back-methane-rule-california-pushes-a/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has its own version of that rule\u003c/a>. So Hathaway won’t see much of a difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other people here in Kern County are feeling more optimistic, because there are policies where the federal government holds sway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in a good mood,” says Les Clark. He’s been in oil since 1965, but now runs a trade association called the Independent Oil Producers’ Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We meet up in Taft, a small town west of Bakersfield that was built around oil. Clark’s granddaughter is playing in the Friday night basketball game at the high school, where he knows almost everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clark says the federal government controls some rules, like ones relating to oil industry wastewater. The \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/01/17/california-says-oil-companies-can-keep-dumping-wastewater-during-state-review/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">federal EPA is currently reviewing\u003c/a> where oil companies can dispose of that water, so Clark thinks the Trump Administration could make it easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s going to help us, yeah,” he says. “I think a lot of those guys, they understand that some of these regulations are very onerous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, California lawmakers have said they plan to fight every inch of backsliding on environmental rules. A \u003ca href=\"http://sd24.senate.ca.gov/news/2017-02-23-senate-unveils-california-environmental-defense-act-public-lands-and-whistleblower\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">proposed legislative package\u003c/a> would lock in protections for water and air in the event the Trump Administration changes them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That federal-state push and pull is what Clark and others here in Kern County are watching. They’re waiting to see if Trump’s victory in November is actually a victory for them\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "EPA Reopens U.S. Rules Setting Vehicle Efficiency Standards for 2025",
"headTitle": "EPA Reopens U.S. Rules Setting Vehicle Efficiency Standards for 2025 | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>U.S. automakers may not have to reach fuel efficiency standards that were set during President Obama’s administration, as the Environmental Protection Agency says it’s reopening a review of the rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump is expected to make that announcement Wednesday in meetings with auto industry executives and workers in Michigan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”0JXYQUHsmhBDgJWC1p7eT7p6Y8aBopSz”]In Washington, a senior White House official said the president wants to “set standards that are technologically feasible, economically feasible and allow the auto industry to grow and create jobs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/regulations-emissions-vehicles-and-engines/regulations-greenhouse-gas-emissions-passenger-cars-and\">The Obama-era rules\u003c/a> stemmed from an agreement the government reached in the summer of 2011, setting carbon dioxide emissions targets for passenger cars and light trucks that were equivalent to the industry’s fleet of achieving an average of 54.5 miles per gallon by the 2025 model year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reopening of the rules review comes after a request from the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, an industry group that represents both domestic and foreign automakers. The group’s request came last month, after the confirmation of Scott Pruitt as EPA administrator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Changing the standards isn’t expected to be a simple process. Noting that an agreement usually includes the EPA, the Department of Transportation and the state of California, NPR’s Sonari Glinton reports about the regulations on today’s \u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a question in here about whether these regulations were ‘final-final.’ But the White House wants to review them in 2018, and so do the automakers. And essentially there’s going to be a battle every inch of the way. Many environmental groups are just waiting to file suit. But to be clear, this is just whether to review a regulation — we’re not necessarily at the point of changing the fuel standards quite yet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA is expected to attempt to roll back rules that the Obama administration formally unveiled in 2012, when it mandated nearly doubling gas efficiency by 2025. \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2012/08/29/160225740/white-house-unveils-new-fuel-efficiency-standards\">As NPR reported\u003c/a>, those requirements were seen as “a rare example of industry agreeing to tough environmental regulations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the deal, the EPA had been scheduled to conduct a midterm review of the efficiency standards. After Democrats lost the presidency in last November’s election, the agency moved ahead with that review, issuing a proposed determination on Nov. 30 that triggered a 30-day public comment period. On Jan. 12, then-EPA Administrator Gina McCarthy \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/regulations-emissions-vehicles-and-engines/midterm-evaluation-light-duty-vehicle-greenhouse-gas-ghg\">signed off on her final determination\u003c/a> that maintained the 2025 targets. In its letter to the EPA, \u003ca href=\"http://www-s4.npr.org/templates/story/bypassed%20required%20procedures\">the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers said\u003c/a> the EPA had rushed to complete the review process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The senior White House official characterized Trump’s move as an attempt “to get this mid-term review back on track.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also said the administration is not seeking to withdraw a waiver allowing California to set its own higher emission standards. But he indicated that this issue could come up in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Obama-era agreement followed the federal bailout of General Motors and Chrysler; it also came at a time of high U.S. gas prices, when the average price per gallon topped $4 in some states. But \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/01/08/462306313/is-obamas-hope-for-better-fuel-economy-sputtering-out\">as gas prices fell\u003c/a>, both consumers and automakers put less focus on maximizing fuel efficiency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New guidelines could give automakers more reasons to focus on gas-powered, rather than electric or hybrid, vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Electric cars are still heavily dependent on external regulations,” electric car advocate and automaker adviser Chelsea Sexton \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/03/07/518956871/how-administration-regs-could-affect-the-future-of-the-electric-car\">told Sonari last week\u003c/a>. “And therefore most car companies are still offering very few numbers, limited capacity and range, and all those things, and not even nationwide.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without federal regulations leading the way, Sexton says, there’s no guarantee that work on electric cars will continue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other experts caution that whatever changes come, they won’t have an immediate effect. The EPA will need to hold a public review process, for instance. And then there’s the promise of legal battles — with environmental groups, and perhaps with California and other states that have set their own standards for emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What it’s going to do is, it’s going to throw the auto industry into chaos,” Roland Hwang, the Natural Resources Defense Council’s director of energy and transportation, tells Sonari, “because to unwind these standards will be a years-long battle in the courts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=EPA+Reopens+U.S.+Rules+Setting+Vehicle+Efficiency+Standards+For+2025&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>U.S. automakers may not have to reach fuel efficiency standards that were set during President Obama’s administration, as the Environmental Protection Agency says it’s reopening a review of the rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump is expected to make that announcement Wednesday in meetings with auto industry executives and workers in Michigan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>In Washington, a senior White House official said the president wants to “set standards that are technologically feasible, economically feasible and allow the auto industry to grow and create jobs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/regulations-emissions-vehicles-and-engines/regulations-greenhouse-gas-emissions-passenger-cars-and\">The Obama-era rules\u003c/a> stemmed from an agreement the government reached in the summer of 2011, setting carbon dioxide emissions targets for passenger cars and light trucks that were equivalent to the industry’s fleet of achieving an average of 54.5 miles per gallon by the 2025 model year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reopening of the rules review comes after a request from the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, an industry group that represents both domestic and foreign automakers. The group’s request came last month, after the confirmation of Scott Pruitt as EPA administrator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Changing the standards isn’t expected to be a simple process. Noting that an agreement usually includes the EPA, the Department of Transportation and the state of California, NPR’s Sonari Glinton reports about the regulations on today’s \u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a question in here about whether these regulations were ‘final-final.’ But the White House wants to review them in 2018, and so do the automakers. And essentially there’s going to be a battle every inch of the way. Many environmental groups are just waiting to file suit. But to be clear, this is just whether to review a regulation — we’re not necessarily at the point of changing the fuel standards quite yet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA is expected to attempt to roll back rules that the Obama administration formally unveiled in 2012, when it mandated nearly doubling gas efficiency by 2025. \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2012/08/29/160225740/white-house-unveils-new-fuel-efficiency-standards\">As NPR reported\u003c/a>, those requirements were seen as “a rare example of industry agreeing to tough environmental regulations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the deal, the EPA had been scheduled to conduct a midterm review of the efficiency standards. After Democrats lost the presidency in last November’s election, the agency moved ahead with that review, issuing a proposed determination on Nov. 30 that triggered a 30-day public comment period. On Jan. 12, then-EPA Administrator Gina McCarthy \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/regulations-emissions-vehicles-and-engines/midterm-evaluation-light-duty-vehicle-greenhouse-gas-ghg\">signed off on her final determination\u003c/a> that maintained the 2025 targets. In its letter to the EPA, \u003ca href=\"http://www-s4.npr.org/templates/story/bypassed%20required%20procedures\">the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers said\u003c/a> the EPA had rushed to complete the review process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The senior White House official characterized Trump’s move as an attempt “to get this mid-term review back on track.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also said the administration is not seeking to withdraw a waiver allowing California to set its own higher emission standards. But he indicated that this issue could come up in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Obama-era agreement followed the federal bailout of General Motors and Chrysler; it also came at a time of high U.S. gas prices, when the average price per gallon topped $4 in some states. But \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/01/08/462306313/is-obamas-hope-for-better-fuel-economy-sputtering-out\">as gas prices fell\u003c/a>, both consumers and automakers put less focus on maximizing fuel efficiency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New guidelines could give automakers more reasons to focus on gas-powered, rather than electric or hybrid, vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Electric cars are still heavily dependent on external regulations,” electric car advocate and automaker adviser Chelsea Sexton \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/03/07/518956871/how-administration-regs-could-affect-the-future-of-the-electric-car\">told Sonari last week\u003c/a>. “And therefore most car companies are still offering very few numbers, limited capacity and range, and all those things, and not even nationwide.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without federal regulations leading the way, Sexton says, there’s no guarantee that work on electric cars will continue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other experts caution that whatever changes come, they won’t have an immediate effect. The EPA will need to hold a public review process, for instance. And then there’s the promise of legal battles — with environmental groups, and perhaps with California and other states that have set their own standards for emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What it’s going to do is, it’s going to throw the auto industry into chaos,” Roland Hwang, the Natural Resources Defense Council’s director of energy and transportation, tells Sonari, “because to unwind these standards will be a years-long battle in the courts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=EPA+Reopens+U.S.+Rules+Setting+Vehicle+Efficiency+Standards+For+2025&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Golden Gate Love: National Park Tops List of Most Visited in Nation",
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"content": "\u003cp>The most visited national park in the country? Our very own Golden Gate National Recreation Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 19 million people visited the park in 2016, a large area that runs south from Marin through San Francisco to San Mateo County and is home to many of the Bay Area’s most beloved spaces, such as Muir Woods, the Marin Headlands, Lands End and the James V. Fitzgerald Marine Reserve in Moss Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are both an international destination and a neighborhood park to the 7 million people who call the Bay Area home,” said Nathan Sargent, a spokesman for the park, also known as GGNRA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11359179\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11359179\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/PR-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Trail to Coast Camp in Point Reyes in the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. GGNRA was the most visited national park in 2016. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/PR-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/PR-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/PR.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/PR-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/PR-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/PR-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Trail to Coast Camp in Point Reyes in the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. GGNRA was the most visited national park in 2016. \u003ccite>(Miranda Leitsinger/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, 331 million people visited America’s 417 national parks in 2016 — a third consecutive all-time record for the National Park Service. GGNRA often tops the list, typically ranking first or second alongside the \u003ca href=\"http://www.blueridgeparkway.org/\">Blue Ridge Parkway\u003c/a>, Sargent said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GGNRA said it undertook several initiatives last year during the National Parks’ centennial aimed at making it easier for people to visit the area: Hundreds of San Francisco residents made their first visit using free shuttles, and another program (\u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/nps100/packing-the-parks/packingtheparks.html\">Packing the Parks)\u003c/a> hosted 70 Bay Area youth — many newcomers to national parks — on a backpacking trip through park lands in San Francisco, Marin and San Mateo counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As the National Park Service enters our second century of stewardship, it’s inspiring to see the number of visitors, especially young people, enjoying their national parks,” acting Golden Gate Superintendent Craig Kenkel said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park spans nearly 83,000 acres, including 60 miles of coastline across Marin, San Francisco and San Mateo counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11359178\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11359178\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/GG-800x600.jpg\" alt=\" Golden Gate National Recreation Area was the most visited national park in 2016. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/GG-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/GG-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/GG.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/GG-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/GG-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/GG-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Golden Gate National Recreation Area was the most visited national park in 2016. \u003ccite>(Miranda Leitsinger/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The most visited national park in the country? Our very own Golden Gate National Recreation Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 19 million people visited the park in 2016, a large area that runs south from Marin through San Francisco to San Mateo County and is home to many of the Bay Area’s most beloved spaces, such as Muir Woods, the Marin Headlands, Lands End and the James V. Fitzgerald Marine Reserve in Moss Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are both an international destination and a neighborhood park to the 7 million people who call the Bay Area home,” said Nathan Sargent, a spokesman for the park, also known as GGNRA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11359179\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11359179\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/PR-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Trail to Coast Camp in Point Reyes in the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. GGNRA was the most visited national park in 2016. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/PR-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/PR-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/PR.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/PR-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/PR-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/PR-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Trail to Coast Camp in Point Reyes in the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. GGNRA was the most visited national park in 2016. \u003ccite>(Miranda Leitsinger/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, 331 million people visited America’s 417 national parks in 2016 — a third consecutive all-time record for the National Park Service. GGNRA often tops the list, typically ranking first or second alongside the \u003ca href=\"http://www.blueridgeparkway.org/\">Blue Ridge Parkway\u003c/a>, Sargent said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GGNRA said it undertook several initiatives last year during the National Parks’ centennial aimed at making it easier for people to visit the area: Hundreds of San Francisco residents made their first visit using free shuttles, and another program (\u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/nps100/packing-the-parks/packingtheparks.html\">Packing the Parks)\u003c/a> hosted 70 Bay Area youth — many newcomers to national parks — on a backpacking trip through park lands in San Francisco, Marin and San Mateo counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As the National Park Service enters our second century of stewardship, it’s inspiring to see the number of visitors, especially young people, enjoying their national parks,” acting Golden Gate Superintendent Craig Kenkel said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park spans nearly 83,000 acres, including 60 miles of coastline across Marin, San Francisco and San Mateo counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11359178\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11359178\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/GG-800x600.jpg\" alt=\" Golden Gate National Recreation Area was the most visited national park in 2016. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/GG-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/GG-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/GG.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/GG-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/GG-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/GG-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Golden Gate National Recreation Area was the most visited national park in 2016. \u003ccite>(Miranda Leitsinger/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California’s chinook salmon — or some of them — are in trouble again. And under a set of proposed rules approved Monday, that’s likely to mean a very restricted salmon season for both commercial fishers and recreational anglers alike. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Pacific Marine Fishery Council, the agency responsible for setting ocean \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/14/california-2017-salmon-season-klamath-sacramento-chinook/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" id=\"rssmi_more\">Read More …\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source:: \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/14/california-2017-salmon-season-klamath-sacramento-chinook/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"With Some Chinook in Trouble, California Faces ‘a Pathetic Scrap’ of a Salmon Season\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Newsfix – Science\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California’s chinook salmon — or some of them — are in trouble again. And under a set of proposed rules approved Monday, that’s likely to mean a very restricted salmon season for both commercial fishers and recreational anglers alike. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Pacific Marine Fishery Council, the agency responsible for setting ocean \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/14/california-2017-salmon-season-klamath-sacramento-chinook/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" id=\"rssmi_more\">Read More …\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source:: \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/14/california-2017-salmon-season-klamath-sacramento-chinook/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"With Some Chinook in Trouble, California Faces ‘a Pathetic Scrap’ of a Salmon Season\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Newsfix – Science\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Cal/OSHA Fines Contractors Over Soberanes Fire Casualties",
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"content": "\u003cp>State workplace regulators are issuing tens of thousands of dollars in fines against two private contractors that employed men who were killed and seriously injured working the costliest wildfire in U.S. history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's Division of Occupational Safety and Health (Cal/OSHA) is handing down \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3516442-HQ08863-Ian-Czirban-Dba-Czirban-Concrete.html\" target=\"_blank\">five citations to Czirban Concrete Construction\u003c/a>, a small Coarsegold (Madera County) firm that employed Robert Reagan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 35-year-old resident from the Fresno County town of Friant died July 26, 2016, four days after the Soberanes Fire began. The bulldozer he was operating near Big Sur tipped over on a steep embankment and pinned him to the ground, marking the first bulldozer operator fatality in a California wildfire in nearly nine years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency is also penalizing Groveland-based (Tuolumne County) \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3516448-HQ08863-Industrial-Defense-Development-Inc.html\" target=\"_blank\">Industrial Defense Development\u003c/a>, which employed 60-year-old John Tiersma. He suffered serious injuries when the water tender he was operating rolled over and down a hill on Sept. 11, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Safety Questions Over Private Contractors\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The companies are just two of the many firms Cal Fire and the U.S. Forest Service contracted with in the Soberanes Fire, a practice the agencies employ for large conflagrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA's investigations point to a lack of training on the part of private contractors pulled in to work the state's largest blazes, according to an expert on heavy equipment and construction site injuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The number of people that they're relying on, that are not really in the industry of firefighting, that they're expecting and relying on to provide them services, seems like a recipe for disaster,\" said Craig Peters, a lawyer with the San Francisco-based Veen Firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peters represented the relatives of Matthew Will, who died after his bulldozer rolled over on Oct. 8, 2007, an incident that led to a lawsuit against the bulldozer manufacturer Caterpillar Inc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire disputes the idea that its private contract workers aren't well trained on safety issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency requires the people it hires to operate heavy equipment to take an annual course focusing on fire-line safety, according to Cal Fire spokeswoman Janet Upton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Fire-line supervisors and managers are concerned for the safety and well-being of not only hired equipment vendors, but local, state and federal firefighters and law enforcement officers assigned to these types of emergencies as well as the affected public,\" Upton said in an email Monday. \"The risks on large, complex emergencies like the Soberanes Fire, and means to reduce risk, are conveyed daily through in-person operational briefings and written incident action plans.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Workers Lacked Coverage\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reagan and Tiersma were not covered by workers' compensation insurance, Cal/OSHA's reports concluded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the weeks after Reagan's death, Cal Fire pulled his employer, Czirban Concrete Construction, from its rotation of as-needed contractors after learning that it might not have been providing the coverage to its workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company is still not listed on the agency's Hired Equipment vendor list, said Upton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED revealed in August that \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/08/02/employer-of-worker-killed-in-soberanes-fire-under-scrutiny/\" target=\"_blank\">Czirban had its license suspended eight times\u003c/a> by the Contractors State License Board in four years for a set of violations, many of them tied to workers' comp problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dozer Fatality Tied to Lack of Seat Belt\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA issued $20,000 in fines against Czirban for five workplace violations. The largest, for $13,500, was because Czirban failed to make sure Reagan was wearing a seat belt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As a result, the employee received fatal injuries when the bulldozer rolled over,\" the Cal/OSHA citation stated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That correlates with a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/08/05/soberanes-fire-bulldozer-operator-killed/\" target=\"_blank\">preliminary Cal Fire report\u003c/a> that found that Reagan was ejected from the bulldozer as it tipped over on a steep embankment, that agency's investigators said, possibly because he wasn't wearing a seat belt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire said that Reagan died nearly instantly after being pinned to the ground as the bulldozer turned over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>New Information on Water Tender Injury\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Czirban's contract was with Cal Fire, Industrial Defense Development was working for the U.S. Forest Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA has issued $6,000 in fines against that firm. Its largest fine was for not reporting the injury to the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Forest Service has revealed very little about the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/09/20/another-private-contractor-under-investigation-in-soberanes-fire-injury/\">water tender rollover\u003c/a> that injured Tiersma. Six months after the incident the federal agency has yet to close its investigation, according to Deborah McKelvy, a staff assistant at the federal agency's Law Enforcement and Investigations unit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, the state's report provides some of the first details about the crash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tiersma was ejected from the cab of the water tender as it rolled over and down a hillside embankment. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>State workplace regulators are issuing tens of thousands of dollars in fines against two private contractors that employed men who were killed and seriously injured working the costliest wildfire in U.S. history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's Division of Occupational Safety and Health (Cal/OSHA) is handing down \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3516442-HQ08863-Ian-Czirban-Dba-Czirban-Concrete.html\" target=\"_blank\">five citations to Czirban Concrete Construction\u003c/a>, a small Coarsegold (Madera County) firm that employed Robert Reagan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 35-year-old resident from the Fresno County town of Friant died July 26, 2016, four days after the Soberanes Fire began. The bulldozer he was operating near Big Sur tipped over on a steep embankment and pinned him to the ground, marking the first bulldozer operator fatality in a California wildfire in nearly nine years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency is also penalizing Groveland-based (Tuolumne County) \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3516448-HQ08863-Industrial-Defense-Development-Inc.html\" target=\"_blank\">Industrial Defense Development\u003c/a>, which employed 60-year-old John Tiersma. He suffered serious injuries when the water tender he was operating rolled over and down a hill on Sept. 11, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Safety Questions Over Private Contractors\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The companies are just two of the many firms Cal Fire and the U.S. Forest Service contracted with in the Soberanes Fire, a practice the agencies employ for large conflagrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA's investigations point to a lack of training on the part of private contractors pulled in to work the state's largest blazes, according to an expert on heavy equipment and construction site injuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The number of people that they're relying on, that are not really in the industry of firefighting, that they're expecting and relying on to provide them services, seems like a recipe for disaster,\" said Craig Peters, a lawyer with the San Francisco-based Veen Firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peters represented the relatives of Matthew Will, who died after his bulldozer rolled over on Oct. 8, 2007, an incident that led to a lawsuit against the bulldozer manufacturer Caterpillar Inc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire disputes the idea that its private contract workers aren't well trained on safety issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency requires the people it hires to operate heavy equipment to take an annual course focusing on fire-line safety, according to Cal Fire spokeswoman Janet Upton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Fire-line supervisors and managers are concerned for the safety and well-being of not only hired equipment vendors, but local, state and federal firefighters and law enforcement officers assigned to these types of emergencies as well as the affected public,\" Upton said in an email Monday. \"The risks on large, complex emergencies like the Soberanes Fire, and means to reduce risk, are conveyed daily through in-person operational briefings and written incident action plans.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Workers Lacked Coverage\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reagan and Tiersma were not covered by workers' compensation insurance, Cal/OSHA's reports concluded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the weeks after Reagan's death, Cal Fire pulled his employer, Czirban Concrete Construction, from its rotation of as-needed contractors after learning that it might not have been providing the coverage to its workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company is still not listed on the agency's Hired Equipment vendor list, said Upton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED revealed in August that \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/08/02/employer-of-worker-killed-in-soberanes-fire-under-scrutiny/\" target=\"_blank\">Czirban had its license suspended eight times\u003c/a> by the Contractors State License Board in four years for a set of violations, many of them tied to workers' comp problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dozer Fatality Tied to Lack of Seat Belt\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA issued $20,000 in fines against Czirban for five workplace violations. The largest, for $13,500, was because Czirban failed to make sure Reagan was wearing a seat belt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As a result, the employee received fatal injuries when the bulldozer rolled over,\" the Cal/OSHA citation stated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That correlates with a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/08/05/soberanes-fire-bulldozer-operator-killed/\" target=\"_blank\">preliminary Cal Fire report\u003c/a> that found that Reagan was ejected from the bulldozer as it tipped over on a steep embankment, that agency's investigators said, possibly because he wasn't wearing a seat belt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire said that Reagan died nearly instantly after being pinned to the ground as the bulldozer turned over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>New Information on Water Tender Injury\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Czirban's contract was with Cal Fire, Industrial Defense Development was working for the U.S. Forest Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA has issued $6,000 in fines against that firm. Its largest fine was for not reporting the injury to the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Forest Service has revealed very little about the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/09/20/another-private-contractor-under-investigation-in-soberanes-fire-injury/\">water tender rollover\u003c/a> that injured Tiersma. Six months after the incident the federal agency has yet to close its investigation, according to Deborah McKelvy, a staff assistant at the federal agency's Law Enforcement and Investigations unit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, the state's report provides some of the first details about the crash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tiersma was ejected from the cab of the water tender as it rolled over and down a hillside embankment. The crash broke his ribs and one of his shoulder blades as well as bruising his spleen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Forest Service notified Cal/OSHA four days after the incident, and Scott Harvey, president of Industrial Defense Development, has yet to speak with investigators for each of the agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two contractors can either pay the fines or appeal them. So far they haven't done either, according to Cal/OSHA spokesman Frank Polizzi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harvey and Ian Czirban, who runs Czirban Concrete Construction, have not returned calls for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Soberanes Fire burned for several months, charring more than 132,000 acres. Investigators say it was ignited by an illegal campfire on July 22.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]The recent heavy rains in California have been good for the drought. But it’s not just people who are celebrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown garden snails, which originated in the Mediterranean where the climate resembles much of California’s, thrive in moist places. If it’s too cold or too dry, they hunker down in their shells and wait for a wet spell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the rain, when everything’s nice and damp, like it is now, snails re-emerge. That’s when love is in the air. But the sex life of these common snails is anything but ordinary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, they’re hermaphrodites, fitted with both male and female reproductive plumbing, and can mate with any member of their species they want.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sounds easy, but the battle of the sexes is alive and well in gastropods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1447017\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1447017\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Snails find reproductive partners by following their slime trails.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Snails find reproductive partners by following their slime trails. \u003ccite>(Elliott Kennerson / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The fundamental problem for snails, who are both male and female at the same time, is how you optimize both your male function and your female function,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Barry_Roth2/publications\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Barry Roth, \u003c/a>a former collections manager at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calacademy.org/?gclid=CM_Omev1utICFQmIfgodVAkI3g\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Academy of Sciences\u003c/a> who’s now an independent snail and slug consultant in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In nature, fatherhood is easier. It’s the quickest, cheapest way to pass on your genes. Motherhood requires a much greater investment of time, energy, and resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Courtship is how they sort that out,” Roth said. “Who’s going to be male? Who’s going to be female? Or is it going to be shared?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With garden snails, “courtship” is somewhat euphemistic. Their idea of foreplay is to stab each other with a tiny spike called a love dart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s the play-by-play. Snails find mates using taste and smell. By waving their upper tentacles in the air—smelling—and tapping their lower ones on the ground—tasting—they pick up on the gooey trails of potential partners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then they follow the slime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(For a detailed look at the many uses of slime, checkout this episode of Deep Look, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mHvCQSGanJg&list=PLdKlciEDdCQBpNSC7BIONruffF_ab4cqK\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Banana Slugs: Secret of the Slime.\u003c/a>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1447013\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snails_foreplay_720.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1447013\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snails_foreplay_720.gif\" alt=\"Snails spend hours smelling and tasting a potential mate.\" width=\"720\" height=\"404\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Snails spend hours smelling and tasting a potential mate. \u003ccite>(Elliott Kennerson / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When snails meet, the tasting and smelling continue, this time with full-body contact, sometimes for hours. Call it heavy petting or extreme vetting, snails take the time to get to know their partners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everything in this courtship is wine and roses at first—then comes the love dart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Technically called a gypsobelum, the love dart is a nail-clipping-sized needle that stays hidden in an internal sac until about half an hour before copulation begins, when the sac inverts and it’s fired, or stabbed, indiscriminately into the partner’s body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being stabbed by the male dart makes you more of a female-oriented partner in that courtship,” said Roth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1447011\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1447011\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-800x450.jpg\" alt='Garden snails stab each other with \"love darts\" before copulation.' width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Garden snails stab each other with “love darts” before copulation. \u003ccite>(Koene & Schulenburg 2005 BMC Evol. Biol.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The love dart is the snails’ tool for maximizing their male side. It injects hormones to prevent the other snail’s body from killing newly introduced sperm once copulation begins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When snails copulate, two penises enter two vaginal tracts. Both snails in a pairing transfer sperm, but whichever snail got in the best shot with the dart has a better chance of ultimately fertilizing eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some species, only one snail fires a love dart, but in others, like the garden snail, both do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whole reproductive system is a quite a maze,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.joriskoene.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Joris Koene,\u003c/a> a gastropod researcher at Vrije Universiteit in Amsterdam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1447014\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1447014\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"When snails copulate, two penises enter two vaginas, and they exchange sperm. \" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">When snails copulate, two penises enter two vaginas, and they exchange sperm. \u003ccite>(Elliott Kennerson / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>You can spot love darts sticking out of snails in mid-courtship, and even find them abandoned in slime puddles where mating has been happening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scale it up to human size and the love dart would be the equivalent of a 15-inch knife, according to Koene. Nonetheless, he’s only seen one snail die by dart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It does make a pretty decent-sized hole in the body,” he said, “but in general, they are fine. They’re used to this, I guess.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1447072\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1447072\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"To film snails copulating, the Deep Look team built a tabletop snail love garden.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">To film snails copulating, the Deep Look team built a tabletop snail love garden. \u003ccite>(Jen Brady / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Besides having both boy and girl parts, they stab each other with “love darts” as a kind of foreplay.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The recent heavy rains in California have been good for the drought. But it’s not just people who are celebrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown garden snails, which originated in the Mediterranean where the climate resembles much of California’s, thrive in moist places. If it’s too cold or too dry, they hunker down in their shells and wait for a wet spell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the rain, when everything’s nice and damp, like it is now, snails re-emerge. That’s when love is in the air. But the sex life of these common snails is anything but ordinary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, they’re hermaphrodites, fitted with both male and female reproductive plumbing, and can mate with any member of their species they want.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sounds easy, but the battle of the sexes is alive and well in gastropods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1447017\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1447017\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Snails find reproductive partners by following their slime trails.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-two-snails-getting-close-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Snails find reproductive partners by following their slime trails. \u003ccite>(Elliott Kennerson / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The fundamental problem for snails, who are both male and female at the same time, is how you optimize both your male function and your female function,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Barry_Roth2/publications\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Barry Roth, \u003c/a>a former collections manager at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calacademy.org/?gclid=CM_Omev1utICFQmIfgodVAkI3g\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Academy of Sciences\u003c/a> who’s now an independent snail and slug consultant in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In nature, fatherhood is easier. It’s the quickest, cheapest way to pass on your genes. Motherhood requires a much greater investment of time, energy, and resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Courtship is how they sort that out,” Roth said. “Who’s going to be male? Who’s going to be female? Or is it going to be shared?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With garden snails, “courtship” is somewhat euphemistic. Their idea of foreplay is to stab each other with a tiny spike called a love dart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s the play-by-play. Snails find mates using taste and smell. By waving their upper tentacles in the air—smelling—and tapping their lower ones on the ground—tasting—they pick up on the gooey trails of potential partners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then they follow the slime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(For a detailed look at the many uses of slime, checkout this episode of Deep Look, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mHvCQSGanJg&list=PLdKlciEDdCQBpNSC7BIONruffF_ab4cqK\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Banana Slugs: Secret of the Slime.\u003c/a>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1447013\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snails_foreplay_720.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1447013\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snails_foreplay_720.gif\" alt=\"Snails spend hours smelling and tasting a potential mate.\" width=\"720\" height=\"404\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Snails spend hours smelling and tasting a potential mate. \u003ccite>(Elliott Kennerson / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When snails meet, the tasting and smelling continue, this time with full-body contact, sometimes for hours. Call it heavy petting or extreme vetting, snails take the time to get to know their partners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everything in this courtship is wine and roses at first—then comes the love dart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Technically called a gypsobelum, the love dart is a nail-clipping-sized needle that stays hidden in an internal sac until about half an hour before copulation begins, when the sac inverts and it’s fired, or stabbed, indiscriminately into the partner’s body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being stabbed by the male dart makes you more of a female-oriented partner in that courtship,” said Roth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1447011\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1447011\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-800x450.jpg\" alt='Garden snails stab each other with \"love darts\" before copulation.' width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-garden-snail-dart-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Garden snails stab each other with “love darts” before copulation. \u003ccite>(Koene & Schulenburg 2005 BMC Evol. Biol.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The love dart is the snails’ tool for maximizing their male side. It injects hormones to prevent the other snail’s body from killing newly introduced sperm once copulation begins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When snails copulate, two penises enter two vaginal tracts. Both snails in a pairing transfer sperm, but whichever snail got in the best shot with the dart has a better chance of ultimately fertilizing eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some species, only one snail fires a love dart, but in others, like the garden snail, both do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whole reproductive system is a quite a maze,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.joriskoene.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Joris Koene,\u003c/a> a gastropod researcher at Vrije Universiteit in Amsterdam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1447014\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1447014\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"When snails copulate, two penises enter two vaginas, and they exchange sperm. \" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406-snail-copulation-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">When snails copulate, two penises enter two vaginas, and they exchange sperm. \u003ccite>(Elliott Kennerson / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>You can spot love darts sticking out of snails in mid-courtship, and even find them abandoned in slime puddles where mating has been happening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scale it up to human size and the love dart would be the equivalent of a 15-inch knife, according to Koene. Nonetheless, he’s only seen one snail die by dart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It does make a pretty decent-sized hole in the body,” he said, “but in general, they are fine. They’re used to this, I guess.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1447072\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1447072\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"To film snails copulating, the Deep Look team built a tabletop snail love garden.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/DL406_snail-garden-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">To film snails copulating, the Deep Look team built a tabletop snail love garden. \u003ccite>(Jen Brady / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "These California Ranchers Welcome Trump's Policies ... Here's Why",
"headTitle": "These California Ranchers Welcome Trump’s Policies … Here’s Why | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>This week marks the halfway point of President Trump’s first 100 days in office. During that time, he’s taken aim at environmental policies on air pollution, water pollution and climate change, inspiring many Californians to protest. On the other hand, some Trump supporters in rural parts of the state are cheering even louder now than they were during the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About two hours north of San Francisco I talked to many residents around the town of Red Bluff who are big fans of Trump. Although Hillary Clinton won California in a landslide, some four million people voted for Trump, and he won Tehama County by a landslide.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Not just a group of people in Washington D.C. sitting around the table and deciding what’s best for me and my land. I want to be at that table.’\u003ccite>California rancher Darrell Wood\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“He’s our only hope,” says rancher Wally Roney, who has felt that the Democrats have been increasing regulations at an onerous pace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roney grazes cattle on 100,000 acres of private and federal land. He’s the sixth generation of his family to run cattle on rolling grasslands near the tiny town of Vina. You can see the snowy peaks of Mount Lassen and Mount Shasta from his front porch. His tidy home with modern decor is at the end of a gravel road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I ask him how many cows he has, he won’t tell me exactly. “That’s something you don’t ask a cattleman,” Roney laughs. “We never have enough when it comes time to pay our bills and we always have too many when comes time to feed ‘em.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trump’s Business Sense Appeals to Ranchers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a late afternoon a few hours before sunset, Roney takes me out on a tour of his property. We hop in his huge silver pickup. We bump along a potholed road beneath giant oak trees. Every few minutes we have to pause so he can swing open rusted cattle gates dripping from a recent rain storm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He pulls over at a creek where his black Angus steers often lap up water. Roney cheered last month when Trump shelved a \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/02/28/remarks-president-trump-signing-waters-united-states-wotus-executive\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">law\u003c/a> that would have expanded the \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/history-clean-water-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Clean Water Act\u003c/a>. “He said he was going to do it and by golly he did it!” exclaims Roney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rancher thought the law might limit where his thirsty cows could drink. Blocking regulations that could hurt Roney’s livelihood is exactly why Trump earned his vote. He trusts the President’s business background.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He hasn’t made a living as a politician,” says Roney. “He’s been in the trenches. I understand that world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roney was relieved when Trump scrapped the \u003ca href=\"https://ustr.gov/trade-agreements/free-trade-agreements/trans-pacific-partnership/tpp-full-text\">Trans-Pacific Partnership\u003c/a> trade agreement in his first week in office. He worried cheaper beef from Mexico would have driven down his profit margins. Roney believes environmental regulations are weaker south of the border, making their beef cheaper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“TPP would’ve killed us!” exclaims Roney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ranchers Argue They Need Fewer Regulations\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roney hopes Trump will build on these early moves by rolling back other environmental regulations. But he says some rules do make sense, as long as they don’t apply to him. For example, he supports the mining regulations on a gravel quarry on his property because he wants to prevent damage to the land. And, he’s in favor of the rules medical marijuana farmers must follow on the plots bordering his ranch. “Yeah, we need regulations,” says Roney. “They hate me.” He keeps a tight watch on the pot growers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he argues, ranchers are different. They don’t need environmental rules to keep them in check. “The reason we survive is that we take care of the land,” says Roney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1465668\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1465668 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_1646\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Darrell Wood runs about 1000 cattle near Vina, California. \u003ccite>(Lesley McClurg/ KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>About fifteen minutes down the road another sixth generation rancher named Darrell Wood agrees that taking care of the land is inherent to his business. Wood is also a lifelong conservative who supported Trump from early in the President’s campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wood invites me to hop in an ATV to check on his herd. As we jostle along a dirt path, Wood’s cattle dogs race alongside. His cows are certified organic, sold under the label \u003ca href=\"http://www.panoramameats.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Panorama Grass-Fed Meats\u003c/a>. No one in Wood’s family has ever used chemicals on his land. He says he’s motivated to farm organically because his beef sells for 25 to 30 percent more at market, but it also feels right. “The land is what gives life to everything,” says Wood. “We love the cattle, our dogs, the horses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘All those visceral fears you’re watching with people, that would be me in the fetal position watching some of the things that happened under the Obama administration.’\u003ccite>Billie Roney\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Wood believes in market forces rather than government rules to protect the landscape from things like overgrazing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So my theory on this. that, ok, the more regulations you have on something is not good,” says Wood. “But let’s create an incentive based idea that if you’ve been eating this ground down to the dirt every year that’s not good for the eco-system. So, let’s create the incentive that makes them change their management practices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, he points to \u003ca href=\"https://www.fsa.usda.gov/programs-and-services/conservation-programs/\">voluntary conservation programs\u003c/a> sponsored by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. They offer ranchers financial bonuses if they care for the land in a sustainable manner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Seat at the Table\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wood hopes Trump’s administration will listen to ideas from people like him—to create more incentive based policies rather than more regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not just a group of people in Washington D.C. sitting around the table and deciding what’s best for me and my land,” says Wood. “I want to be at that table.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of people I talked to in Tehama County felt similarly: that the environmental conversation hasn’t included their voices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1465667\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1465667 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-800x562.jpg\" alt=\"Wally and Billy Roney ranch on nearly 100 thousand acres near Vina, CA. \" width=\"800\" height=\"562\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-800x562.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-160x112.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-768x540.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-1020x717.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-1920x1350.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-1180x830.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-960x675.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-240x169.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-375x264.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-520x366.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wally and Billie Roney ranch on nearly 100,000 acres near Vina, California. \u003ccite>(Lesley McClurg/ KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Billie Roney said it best. She’s the wife of rancher Wally Roney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is there anybody, anywhere who I feel like-minded with who might be a little less radical?” asks Billie Roney, who feels liberals dominated politics for too long. “I’ve just felt disenfranchised for a long long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billie Roney says she empathizes with people who are scared right now by what they’re hearing from Trump. She says she used to feel like that when Democrats talked about tightening gun control, expanding the government’s role in health care and legalizing undocumented immigrants. She is especially worried about the recent addition of the wolf to the endangered species list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had fears too,” says Billie Roney. “All those visceral fears you’re watching with people, that would be me in the fetal position watching some of the things that happened under the Obama administration,” says Roney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Billie Roney says, listening to Trump is a welcome relief after eight years where she felt like her way of life was not only ignored, but despised by the other side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The progressive party looks at people like us as though we are the devil,” says Billie Roney. “It makes it really hard to find common ground.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most everyone I talked to in Tehama County said the only way to bridge the divide in California—and the nation—is for everyone to be at the table.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This week marks the halfway point of President Trump’s first 100 days in office. During that time, he’s taken aim at environmental policies on air pollution, water pollution and climate change, inspiring many Californians to protest. On the other hand, some Trump supporters in rural parts of the state are cheering even louder now than they were during the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About two hours north of San Francisco I talked to many residents around the town of Red Bluff who are big fans of Trump. Although Hillary Clinton won California in a landslide, some four million people voted for Trump, and he won Tehama County by a landslide.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Not just a group of people in Washington D.C. sitting around the table and deciding what’s best for me and my land. I want to be at that table.’\u003ccite>California rancher Darrell Wood\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“He’s our only hope,” says rancher Wally Roney, who has felt that the Democrats have been increasing regulations at an onerous pace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roney grazes cattle on 100,000 acres of private and federal land. He’s the sixth generation of his family to run cattle on rolling grasslands near the tiny town of Vina. You can see the snowy peaks of Mount Lassen and Mount Shasta from his front porch. His tidy home with modern decor is at the end of a gravel road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I ask him how many cows he has, he won’t tell me exactly. “That’s something you don’t ask a cattleman,” Roney laughs. “We never have enough when it comes time to pay our bills and we always have too many when comes time to feed ‘em.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trump’s Business Sense Appeals to Ranchers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a late afternoon a few hours before sunset, Roney takes me out on a tour of his property. We hop in his huge silver pickup. We bump along a potholed road beneath giant oak trees. Every few minutes we have to pause so he can swing open rusted cattle gates dripping from a recent rain storm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He pulls over at a creek where his black Angus steers often lap up water. Roney cheered last month when Trump shelved a \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/02/28/remarks-president-trump-signing-waters-united-states-wotus-executive\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">law\u003c/a> that would have expanded the \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/history-clean-water-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Clean Water Act\u003c/a>. “He said he was going to do it and by golly he did it!” exclaims Roney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rancher thought the law might limit where his thirsty cows could drink. Blocking regulations that could hurt Roney’s livelihood is exactly why Trump earned his vote. He trusts the President’s business background.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He hasn’t made a living as a politician,” says Roney. “He’s been in the trenches. I understand that world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roney was relieved when Trump scrapped the \u003ca href=\"https://ustr.gov/trade-agreements/free-trade-agreements/trans-pacific-partnership/tpp-full-text\">Trans-Pacific Partnership\u003c/a> trade agreement in his first week in office. He worried cheaper beef from Mexico would have driven down his profit margins. Roney believes environmental regulations are weaker south of the border, making their beef cheaper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“TPP would’ve killed us!” exclaims Roney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ranchers Argue They Need Fewer Regulations\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roney hopes Trump will build on these early moves by rolling back other environmental regulations. But he says some rules do make sense, as long as they don’t apply to him. For example, he supports the mining regulations on a gravel quarry on his property because he wants to prevent damage to the land. And, he’s in favor of the rules medical marijuana farmers must follow on the plots bordering his ranch. “Yeah, we need regulations,” says Roney. “They hate me.” He keeps a tight watch on the pot growers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he argues, ranchers are different. They don’t need environmental rules to keep them in check. “The reason we survive is that we take care of the land,” says Roney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1465668\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1465668 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_1646\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1646-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Darrell Wood runs about 1000 cattle near Vina, California. \u003ccite>(Lesley McClurg/ KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>About fifteen minutes down the road another sixth generation rancher named Darrell Wood agrees that taking care of the land is inherent to his business. Wood is also a lifelong conservative who supported Trump from early in the President’s campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wood invites me to hop in an ATV to check on his herd. As we jostle along a dirt path, Wood’s cattle dogs race alongside. His cows are certified organic, sold under the label \u003ca href=\"http://www.panoramameats.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Panorama Grass-Fed Meats\u003c/a>. No one in Wood’s family has ever used chemicals on his land. He says he’s motivated to farm organically because his beef sells for 25 to 30 percent more at market, but it also feels right. “The land is what gives life to everything,” says Wood. “We love the cattle, our dogs, the horses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘All those visceral fears you’re watching with people, that would be me in the fetal position watching some of the things that happened under the Obama administration.’\u003ccite>Billie Roney\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Wood believes in market forces rather than government rules to protect the landscape from things like overgrazing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So my theory on this. that, ok, the more regulations you have on something is not good,” says Wood. “But let’s create an incentive based idea that if you’ve been eating this ground down to the dirt every year that’s not good for the eco-system. So, let’s create the incentive that makes them change their management practices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, he points to \u003ca href=\"https://www.fsa.usda.gov/programs-and-services/conservation-programs/\">voluntary conservation programs\u003c/a> sponsored by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. They offer ranchers financial bonuses if they care for the land in a sustainable manner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Seat at the Table\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wood hopes Trump’s administration will listen to ideas from people like him—to create more incentive based policies rather than more regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not just a group of people in Washington D.C. sitting around the table and deciding what’s best for me and my land,” says Wood. “I want to be at that table.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of people I talked to in Tehama County felt similarly: that the environmental conversation hasn’t included their voices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1465667\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1465667 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-800x562.jpg\" alt=\"Wally and Billy Roney ranch on nearly 100 thousand acres near Vina, CA. \" width=\"800\" height=\"562\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-800x562.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-160x112.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-768x540.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-1020x717.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-1920x1350.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-1180x830.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-960x675.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-240x169.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-375x264.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/IMG_1688-e1489103577961-520x366.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wally and Billie Roney ranch on nearly 100,000 acres near Vina, California. \u003ccite>(Lesley McClurg/ KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Billie Roney said it best. She’s the wife of rancher Wally Roney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is there anybody, anywhere who I feel like-minded with who might be a little less radical?” asks Billie Roney, who feels liberals dominated politics for too long. “I’ve just felt disenfranchised for a long long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billie Roney says she empathizes with people who are scared right now by what they’re hearing from Trump. She says she used to feel like that when Democrats talked about tightening gun control, expanding the government’s role in health care and legalizing undocumented immigrants. She is especially worried about the recent addition of the wolf to the endangered species list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had fears too,” says Billie Roney. “All those visceral fears you’re watching with people, that would be me in the fetal position watching some of the things that happened under the Obama administration,” says Roney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Billie Roney says, listening to Trump is a welcome relief after eight years where she felt like her way of life was not only ignored, but despised by the other side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The progressive party looks at people like us as though we are the devil,” says Billie Roney. “It makes it really hard to find common ground.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most everyone I talked to in Tehama County said the only way to bridge the divide in California—and the nation—is for everyone to be at the table.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump’s head of the Environmental Protection Agency says he does not believe that carbon dioxide is a major cause of global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would not agree that [CO\u003csub>\u003csup>2\u003c/sup>\u003c/sub>] is a primary contributor to the global warming that we see,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/aboutepa/epas-administrator\">Scott Pruitt\u003c/a> said Thursday in \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnbc.com/2017/03/09/epa-chief-scott-pruitt.html\">an interview\u003c/a> with CNBC’s Joe Kernen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe that measuring with precision human activity on the climate is something very challenging to do, and there’s tremendous disagreement about the degree of impact,” Pruitt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those statements are at odds with \u003ca href=\"https://www.climate.gov/\">an overwhelming body of scientific evidence\u003c/a> showing that humans are causing the climate to warm by releasing CO\u003csub>\u003csup>2\u003c/sup>\u003c/sub> into the atmosphere. The view that CO\u003csub>\u003csup>2\u003c/sup>\u003c/sub> is a major heat-trapping gas is supported by reams of data, included data collected by government agencies such as NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pruitt’s views are consistent with earlier comments he has made on the topic of climate change. As attorney general of Oklahoma, Pruitt often claimed that there was scientific uncertainty over whether humans are changing the climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”wdb79Im6uNsqwmDBOKmrESHdXUVqlCBG”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/07/us/politics/scott-pruitt-environmental-protection-agency.html\">reported\u003c/a> earlier this week that Pruitt is bringing in similar-minded political appointees to help run the EPA. Many come from the office of \u003ca href=\"http://www.inhofe.senate.gov/\">Sen. James Inhofe\u003c/a>, an Oklahoma Republican and longtime climate change denier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pruitt’s comments come just over two weeks after he took the helm of the EPA, the agency with the authority to regulate CO\u003csub>\u003csup>2\u003c/sup>\u003c/sub> and other greenhouse gases as pollutants. In 2014, the EPA \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/cleanpowerplan/clean-power-plan-existing-power-plants#CPP-final\">unveiled rules\u003c/a> that would require substantial reductions to greenhouse gases from power plants as part of a broader effort to limit global warming. The rule was contested by industry and states, and is currently under review in the courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pruitt also said he believed that a major climate agreement reached in Paris was “a bad deal,” and that he would soon be making an announcement about changes to so-called \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhtsa.gov/laws-regulations/corporate-average-fuel-economy\">CAFE standards\u003c/a>, which set fuel efficiency goals for cars and trucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pruitt’s latest statements on climate change come after the second-warmest February in the past 123 years, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/\">according to NOAA\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Trump’s head of the Environmental Protection Agency says he does not believe that carbon dioxide is a major cause of global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would not agree that [CO\u003csub>\u003csup>2\u003c/sup>\u003c/sub>] is a primary contributor to the global warming that we see,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/aboutepa/epas-administrator\">Scott Pruitt\u003c/a> said Thursday in \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnbc.com/2017/03/09/epa-chief-scott-pruitt.html\">an interview\u003c/a> with CNBC’s Joe Kernen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe that measuring with precision human activity on the climate is something very challenging to do, and there’s tremendous disagreement about the degree of impact,” Pruitt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those statements are at odds with \u003ca href=\"https://www.climate.gov/\">an overwhelming body of scientific evidence\u003c/a> showing that humans are causing the climate to warm by releasing CO\u003csub>\u003csup>2\u003c/sup>\u003c/sub> into the atmosphere. The view that CO\u003csub>\u003csup>2\u003c/sup>\u003c/sub> is a major heat-trapping gas is supported by reams of data, included data collected by government agencies such as NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pruitt’s views are consistent with earlier comments he has made on the topic of climate change. As attorney general of Oklahoma, Pruitt often claimed that there was scientific uncertainty over whether humans are changing the climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When you get enough rain to end a drought, there’s gonna be collateral damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re talking about our roads, where some drivers have noticed the extra potholes popping up on our highways and local streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I ran over a pothole on Van Ness,” Muni transit operator Matt Smith says. “It damaged the inner boot of my car and gave me a flat front tire. The pothole was massive. It was massive! It’s no reason why that pothole should not have been fixed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> got this question from Anne Schaefer-Salinas and her son, Declan: Why does bad weather cause potholes?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We spoke to \u003ca href=\"http://www.dot.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Caltrans \u003c/a>and got a lesson in how potholes are formed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imagine for a moment life as a section of roadway. Passing cars are constantly pressing down on you, followed by periods of relaxation when there’s no car. All day, every day, year after year. All this repeated pressing and releasing creates tiny imperfections in the pavement that turn into cracks. When you add water into the mix, those cracks get bigger, faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whenever it rains and the rainwater accumulates on the road, tires from the road actually squeeze the water into the pavement,” Caltrans spokesman Bob Haus says. “So that repeated squeezing into the asphalt and into the concrete causes the cracking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water gets through those cracks and weakens the soil under the road. That leads to even more cracking and eventually a pothole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The more traffic, the more potholes. And the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/SF-traffic-ranks-as-4th-worst-in-world-10960858.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Area has no shortage of traffic\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s just a lot of traffic on Bay Area roads,” Haus says. “We all know that. We feel the congestion every day. So there’s just a lot of wear and tear on our highways.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m sure a lot of you are wondering why crews aren’t out there fixing all these potholes. One thing to note: Road workers have to wait for dry conditions to make permanent fixes. So the rain not only makes more potholes, it makes it harder to fix them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Got a question you want to see the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> team take on? Submit it!\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
"title": "Close All Tabs",
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
"link": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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}
},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
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