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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 5:40 p.m. Thursday, June 15:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers issued a “Stink Alert” late Thursday afternoon about its corpse flower, which has been on the verge of blooming for days: Terra the Titan has started to open. It might not totally unfurl this evening, but its stench — which has been likened to rotting flesh — will be the strongest tonight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservatory will be open until 9 p.m., with the last entry at 8:30 p.m, to accommodate visitors to Terra, and will reopen at 10 a.m. Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s happening,” said its Facebook post. “Smell you soon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plant will reek for only a few days, but its collapse will also be something to see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post, June 13:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no prouder parent than Sidney Price. On Monday morning, he savored a private visit with his “baby” at the \u003ca href=\"http://conservatoryofflowers.org/\">San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I always thought she’d be an early bloomer,” said Price, as he gazed at Terra the Titan, a 9-year-old corpse flower poised to unleash an overpowering stench that has been compared to decaying animal flesh, filthy socks, rotting garbage and human feces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it doesn’t repel people. Quite the contrary. When a corpse flower blooms, it is always a botanical blockbuster, drawing thousands of people who can’t get enough of its putrid smell and unearthly beauty. The last time this rare event occurred at the conservatory was in 2005, drawing about 16,000 visitors in four days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EbKOVv5GII0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest unbranched inflorescence — or flowering structure — in the plant world, the corpse flower is also known as an \u003cem>Amorphophallus titanum\u003c/em> (giant misshapen penis) or \u003ca href=\"https://www.chicagobotanic.org/titan/about\">Titan Arum.\u003c/a> When one bloomed at the \u003ca href=\"http://botanicalgarden.berkeley.edu/\">UC Botanical Garden\u003c/a> in Berkeley in 2010, Price witnessed the phenomenon at its olfactory peak, which is usually no more than 48 hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was love at first sight,” recalled Price. “I’d never seen something so beautiful and that smelled so much. It was huuuuuge, as our president would say.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The odor reminded him of roadkill. “It smelled like dead possum,” Price said. “It was pretty pungent and intense. I grew up in Arkansas, so I know what dead possum smells like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though he lives in a small apartment in San Francisco’s Mission District, Price \u003cem>had\u003c/em> to have a corpse flower of his own. He bought a pot with two small plants at the shop in the botanical garden. The sprouts, the offspring of Trudy and Titania, had been propagated at UC a year and a half earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were sickly-looking, spindly and yellowish,” said the 64-year-old Price, a retired IT worker. “But I wanted one because they’re getting destroyed in their native habitat in Indonesia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He placed them in his kitchen window, but the northern exposure wasn’t kind. Two months later, Price moved them to his bathroom, where bright sunlight transformed them from wimps into amazons, and a third sibling emerged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shower mist didn’t hurt either. “I’m very clean,” Price said. “I take a shower in the morning and another in the evening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plants’ rampant growth began to resemble something out of a science-fiction movie. Price was thrilled but stunned, as he watched Terra overtake his bathroom. He also fretted about the consequences of an untimely bloom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was worried I’d be away on a trip and somebody would call the police and tear down my door because they thought a dead body was inside,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, when one of the gigantic leaves reached 7 feet, he realized it was time to say goodbye. One day in 2014, he called the Conservatory of Flowers. Three years later, Terra is poised to become its first permanent corpse flower to bloom — its 2005 predecessor was borrowed from UC Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11508296\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11508296\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Visitors take advantage of a rare open Monday at the San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers on June 12, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Visitors take advantage of a rare open Monday at the San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers on June 12, 2017. \u003ccite>(Patricia Yollin/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Price visited Terra on Monday, he noted that he’s 5-foot-8 and the plant’s phalluslike spadix is just under 6 feet, and rising. He still can’t believe it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mothered this plant,” he said. “I just wanted it to survive so badly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Price knows a thing or two about survival. The Ozark Mountains native moved to San Francisco in 1975 during its gay heyday — “Harvey Milk even hit on me” — and retired in 1996 when he was diagnosed with AIDS. But his timing was good: A new class of drugs kept him alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was like all the conditions came together for my survival,” he said. “And later, for the plants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Price refers to Terra as a she, he’s well aware that the plant is a hermaphrodite, with male and female flowers. “It’s perfect for gay pride month,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terra produced its first-ever bud on May 1, and is growing 1 to 3 inches a day. The flowers reside out of sight in the base of the spadix, which looks like a baguette and is encircled by a spathe that resembles a ruffled, pleated skirt and will turn the color of red meat when it unfurls. The odor and color lure pollinators in the form of carrion beetles and flies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s total deception on the plant’s part,” said Lizzie Roeble, education coordinator at the conservatory. “We are ecstatic. We can’t talk or think about anything else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Janet Spellmann, a nursery specialist at the conservatory, helped relocate Price’s plants from their bathroom habitat to their tropical oasis in the Richmond district, where Terra is about to attain superstar status. “Now it needs to be wet all the time,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within days, or even hours, it will likely bloom, but Titan Arums are “notoriously unpredictable,” according to Roeble. Terra’s celebrity will be short-lived — just a few days — before it goes limp and collapses into total anonymity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11508300\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11508300\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-160x284.jpg\" alt=\"The Titan Arum plants that Sidney Price purchased as sprouts eventually outgrew the bathroom of his Mission District apartment.\" width=\"320\" height=\"569\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-160x284.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-240x427.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-375x667.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-520x924.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom.jpg 720w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Titan Arum plants that Sidney Price purchased as sprouts eventually outgrew the bathroom of his Mission District apartment. \u003ccite>(Sidney Price)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Titan Arums grow on the hillsides of Sumatran rainforests, and “corpse flower” is the translation of its Indonesian name, \u003cem>bunga bangkai\u003c/em>. They’re vulnerable because their habitats are being wiped out by agricultural production and timber logging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes me incredibly sad,” Price said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roeble agreed. She hopes that the hordes who descend on Terra will learn a bit about the plight of its relatives in the wild, as they sniff and marvel and recoil and take selfies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservatory is extending its hours for Terra’s coming-out party. It is usually closed on Mondays, but it opened at noon on June 12 so that people could visit the Titan Arum as it inched ever closer to blooming. The plant’s progress will be charted with regular updates on \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=conservatory%20of%20flowers\">Facebook,\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=zqAGa9EDih4\">YouTube,\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/conservatoryofflowers/\">Instagram\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SFConservatory\">Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon after the doors opened Monday, Terra was holding court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the only thing that’s smellier than me,” said Tom Calder, a swimming-pool retiler from Australia. “She’s just a prize.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is as good as April the Giraffe,” declared another patron, referring to the ruminant that gave birth earlier this year as the world watched on YouTube.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matt McAndrews, a marketer from Philadelphia in town for a few days, heard about Terra from a friend and raced over to the conservatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I like plants but there’s nothing like this,” he said. “It’s pod people. It’s body snatchers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One woman seemed to think the entire pollination process would be on display. Docent Joan Simmons disabused her of that notion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We try not to have carrion flies in here,” Simmons explained.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Terra the Titan is poised to to dazzle the public at the San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers with its stunning colors and nauseating stench.",
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"title": "It's Really Big and Really Stinks But People Can't Wait to See S.F.'s Corpse Flower | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 5:40 p.m. Thursday, June 15:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers issued a “Stink Alert” late Thursday afternoon about its corpse flower, which has been on the verge of blooming for days: Terra the Titan has started to open. It might not totally unfurl this evening, but its stench — which has been likened to rotting flesh — will be the strongest tonight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservatory will be open until 9 p.m., with the last entry at 8:30 p.m, to accommodate visitors to Terra, and will reopen at 10 a.m. Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s happening,” said its Facebook post. “Smell you soon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plant will reek for only a few days, but its collapse will also be something to see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post, June 13:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no prouder parent than Sidney Price. On Monday morning, he savored a private visit with his “baby” at the \u003ca href=\"http://conservatoryofflowers.org/\">San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I always thought she’d be an early bloomer,” said Price, as he gazed at Terra the Titan, a 9-year-old corpse flower poised to unleash an overpowering stench that has been compared to decaying animal flesh, filthy socks, rotting garbage and human feces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it doesn’t repel people. Quite the contrary. When a corpse flower blooms, it is always a botanical blockbuster, drawing thousands of people who can’t get enough of its putrid smell and unearthly beauty. The last time this rare event occurred at the conservatory was in 2005, drawing about 16,000 visitors in four days.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/EbKOVv5GII0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/EbKOVv5GII0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The largest unbranched inflorescence — or flowering structure — in the plant world, the corpse flower is also known as an \u003cem>Amorphophallus titanum\u003c/em> (giant misshapen penis) or \u003ca href=\"https://www.chicagobotanic.org/titan/about\">Titan Arum.\u003c/a> When one bloomed at the \u003ca href=\"http://botanicalgarden.berkeley.edu/\">UC Botanical Garden\u003c/a> in Berkeley in 2010, Price witnessed the phenomenon at its olfactory peak, which is usually no more than 48 hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was love at first sight,” recalled Price. “I’d never seen something so beautiful and that smelled so much. It was huuuuuge, as our president would say.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The odor reminded him of roadkill. “It smelled like dead possum,” Price said. “It was pretty pungent and intense. I grew up in Arkansas, so I know what dead possum smells like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though he lives in a small apartment in San Francisco’s Mission District, Price \u003cem>had\u003c/em> to have a corpse flower of his own. He bought a pot with two small plants at the shop in the botanical garden. The sprouts, the offspring of Trudy and Titania, had been propagated at UC a year and a half earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were sickly-looking, spindly and yellowish,” said the 64-year-old Price, a retired IT worker. “But I wanted one because they’re getting destroyed in their native habitat in Indonesia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He placed them in his kitchen window, but the northern exposure wasn’t kind. Two months later, Price moved them to his bathroom, where bright sunlight transformed them from wimps into amazons, and a third sibling emerged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shower mist didn’t hurt either. “I’m very clean,” Price said. “I take a shower in the morning and another in the evening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plants’ rampant growth began to resemble something out of a science-fiction movie. Price was thrilled but stunned, as he watched Terra overtake his bathroom. He also fretted about the consequences of an untimely bloom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was worried I’d be away on a trip and somebody would call the police and tear down my door because they thought a dead body was inside,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, when one of the gigantic leaves reached 7 feet, he realized it was time to say goodbye. One day in 2014, he called the Conservatory of Flowers. Three years later, Terra is poised to become its first permanent corpse flower to bloom — its 2005 predecessor was borrowed from UC Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11508296\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11508296\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Visitors take advantage of a rare open Monday at the San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers on June 12, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Visitors take advantage of a rare open Monday at the San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers on June 12, 2017. \u003ccite>(Patricia Yollin/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Price visited Terra on Monday, he noted that he’s 5-foot-8 and the plant’s phalluslike spadix is just under 6 feet, and rising. He still can’t believe it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mothered this plant,” he said. “I just wanted it to survive so badly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Price knows a thing or two about survival. The Ozark Mountains native moved to San Francisco in 1975 during its gay heyday — “Harvey Milk even hit on me” — and retired in 1996 when he was diagnosed with AIDS. But his timing was good: A new class of drugs kept him alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was like all the conditions came together for my survival,” he said. “And later, for the plants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Price refers to Terra as a she, he’s well aware that the plant is a hermaphrodite, with male and female flowers. “It’s perfect for gay pride month,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terra produced its first-ever bud on May 1, and is growing 1 to 3 inches a day. The flowers reside out of sight in the base of the spadix, which looks like a baguette and is encircled by a spathe that resembles a ruffled, pleated skirt and will turn the color of red meat when it unfurls. The odor and color lure pollinators in the form of carrion beetles and flies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s total deception on the plant’s part,” said Lizzie Roeble, education coordinator at the conservatory. “We are ecstatic. We can’t talk or think about anything else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Janet Spellmann, a nursery specialist at the conservatory, helped relocate Price’s plants from their bathroom habitat to their tropical oasis in the Richmond district, where Terra is about to attain superstar status. “Now it needs to be wet all the time,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within days, or even hours, it will likely bloom, but Titan Arums are “notoriously unpredictable,” according to Roeble. Terra’s celebrity will be short-lived — just a few days — before it goes limp and collapses into total anonymity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11508300\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11508300\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-160x284.jpg\" alt=\"The Titan Arum plants that Sidney Price purchased as sprouts eventually outgrew the bathroom of his Mission District apartment.\" width=\"320\" height=\"569\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-160x284.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-240x427.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-375x667.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-520x924.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom.jpg 720w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Titan Arum plants that Sidney Price purchased as sprouts eventually outgrew the bathroom of his Mission District apartment. \u003ccite>(Sidney Price)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Titan Arums grow on the hillsides of Sumatran rainforests, and “corpse flower” is the translation of its Indonesian name, \u003cem>bunga bangkai\u003c/em>. They’re vulnerable because their habitats are being wiped out by agricultural production and timber logging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes me incredibly sad,” Price said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roeble agreed. She hopes that the hordes who descend on Terra will learn a bit about the plight of its relatives in the wild, as they sniff and marvel and recoil and take selfies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservatory is extending its hours for Terra’s coming-out party. It is usually closed on Mondays, but it opened at noon on June 12 so that people could visit the Titan Arum as it inched ever closer to blooming. The plant’s progress will be charted with regular updates on \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=conservatory%20of%20flowers\">Facebook,\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=zqAGa9EDih4\">YouTube,\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/conservatoryofflowers/\">Instagram\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SFConservatory\">Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon after the doors opened Monday, Terra was holding court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the only thing that’s smellier than me,” said Tom Calder, a swimming-pool retiler from Australia. “She’s just a prize.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is as good as April the Giraffe,” declared another patron, referring to the ruminant that gave birth earlier this year as the world watched on YouTube.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matt McAndrews, a marketer from Philadelphia in town for a few days, heard about Terra from a friend and raced over to the conservatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I like plants but there’s nothing like this,” he said. “It’s pod people. It’s body snatchers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One woman seemed to think the entire pollination process would be on display. Docent Joan Simmons disabused her of that notion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We try not to have carrion flies in here,” Simmons explained.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "4-things-you-should-know-about-californias-biggest-reservoir",
"title": "4 Things You Should Know About California's Biggest Reservoir",
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"headTitle": "4 Things You Should Know About California’s Biggest Reservoir | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. It’s Probably Not the One You’re Thinking Of\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nope, not Shasta Lake. That’s California’s largest \u003cem>surface\u003c/em> reservoir, which is \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cdecapp/resapp/getResGraphsMain.action\">currently bulging\u003c/a> with more than 4 million acre-feet of water (Californians use about 40 million acre-feet in a year).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’re not likely to find the biggest “reservoir” on a map—but you might be standing on it. It’s underground, in the vast aquifers that lie beneath sections of the state, the Central Valley in particular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think anybody’s tried to calculate the complete volume,” says Claudia Faunt, a hydrologist with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S. Geological Survey\u003c/a> in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But we know it’s big.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘It’s huge. But that doesn’t mean that we can extract everything that’s down there.’\u003ccite>Thomas Harter, UC Davis\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>People sometimes refer to the Sierra snowpack as the state’s largest reservoir. Even though it supplies about a third of the water that Californians use annually, it’s a “drop in the bucket” compared to the state’s mother lode of groundwater. If you imagine a single bucket of water representing all the water contained in Sierra snowpack in a typical year (granted, this year is hardly typical), you would need 60-to-70 buckets to visualize all the water beneath our feet, contained in various groundwater basins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"sharedaddy show-for-medium-up\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1715565 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1260\" height=\"1260\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB.jpg 1260w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-960x960.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-240x240.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-375x375.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-520x520.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1260px) 100vw, 1260px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"show-for-small-only\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1715564\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_MobileB.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"1335\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_MobileB.jpg 750w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_MobileB-160x285.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_MobileB-240x427.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_MobileB-375x668.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_MobileB-520x926.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. It’s Big, But There’s a Catch\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s huge,” says Thomas Harter, a hydrologist and groundwater specialist at UC Davis. “But that doesn’t mean that we can extract everything that’s down there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nor would that be an especially fruitful exercise, since much of the water that’s down there is not fit for drinking or even irrigation of crops in some cases. And the deeper the aquifer, the more expensive it is to pump it—hundreds or even thousands of feet—to the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Part of it is so deep that it just gets more and more expensive to extract the water,” says Faunt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>California’s Stressed Aquifers \u003c/strong>\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nZoom in and click on individual wells to see how far the water table has receded in that area between Fall 2011 to Fall 2016.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"520\" frameborder=\"0\" src=\"https://kqednews.carto.com/builder/0f18beb9-c1c3-4008-9af2-f00101f0a047/embed\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>SOURCE: CA Dept. of Water Resources\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. It’s in Trouble\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A team of researchers at UCLA \u003ca href=\"http://newsroom.ucla.edu/releases/groundwater-loss-in-central-valley\">recently estimated \u003c/a>that during the recent five-year drought, groundwater was pumped out of the Central Valley at twice the rate of the previous drought (2007-09), eventually taking out enough to fill Lake Mead, the nation’s largest man-made reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”lOkDoHOujmmm1YDvj3RAh3PRMADuecpc”]But even in “normal” years, scientists say many farmers and water agencies around the state have been pumping groundwater at an unsustainable rate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically we’re taxing the system beyond what it can take,” warns Faunt. “We’ve been using water at a rate much higher than water’s being recharged to these areas, so you’ve got a loss of storage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the course of the drought, at least 3,500 wells went dry and Harter reckons that most of those remain dry, despite the record-setting precipitation over the winter. According to state regulators, there are still communities receiving emergency supplies of bottled water after local wells dried up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. It’s Not a Lost Cause\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists and water planners think the state’s aquifers can be made sustainable, but it will take time and commitment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">N\u003c/span>ew strategies are taking hold\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>to recharge groundwater basins. Since we reported on \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/03/29/how-flooding-fields-could-alleviate-water-supply-stress/\">one of the earliest pilot projects\u003c/a> in 2013, farm recharge programs have \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2017/01/13/as-rains-soak-california-farmers-test-how-to-store-water-underground/\">gained substantial momentum\u003c/a>, flooding fields with some of the high river flows in years like this, and using those fields as recharge basins, allowing the water to sink in and replenish aquifers below. In Orange County, water managers recycle urban water to recharge local aquifers.\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, state legislators passed the landmark \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/09/17/what-to-know-about-californias-new-groundwater-law/\">Sustainable Groundwater Management Act\u003c/a>, which will, for the first time, require users of groundwater to track and report how much they’re using, and devise plans to do so in a way that doesn’t further deplete supplies. Prior to SGMA, it was essentially open season on groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As NASA scientist Jay Famiglietti\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>has put it, “It’s not unlike your having several straws in a glass and everyone drinking at the same time and no one really watching the level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first management plans are due in 2020, and full implementation of the law — which could ultimately place some restrictions on pumping — won’t happen for another decade at least.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as the law’s sponsor, Sen. Lois Wolk (D-Davis) \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/05/06/tough-going-for-new-groundwater-regulations/\">told Water Deeply\u003c/a>, \u003cspan class=\"s1\">“When you’re digging yourself into a hole, the first solution is to stop digging.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "California's biggest reservoir is the one you can't see -- and it's far from overflowing.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. It’s Probably Not the One You’re Thinking Of\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nope, not Shasta Lake. That’s California’s largest \u003cem>surface\u003c/em> reservoir, which is \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cdecapp/resapp/getResGraphsMain.action\">currently bulging\u003c/a> with more than 4 million acre-feet of water (Californians use about 40 million acre-feet in a year).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’re not likely to find the biggest “reservoir” on a map—but you might be standing on it. It’s underground, in the vast aquifers that lie beneath sections of the state, the Central Valley in particular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think anybody’s tried to calculate the complete volume,” says Claudia Faunt, a hydrologist with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S. Geological Survey\u003c/a> in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But we know it’s big.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘It’s huge. But that doesn’t mean that we can extract everything that’s down there.’\u003ccite>Thomas Harter, UC Davis\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>People sometimes refer to the Sierra snowpack as the state’s largest reservoir. Even though it supplies about a third of the water that Californians use annually, it’s a “drop in the bucket” compared to the state’s mother lode of groundwater. If you imagine a single bucket of water representing all the water contained in Sierra snowpack in a typical year (granted, this year is hardly typical), you would need 60-to-70 buckets to visualize all the water beneath our feet, contained in various groundwater basins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"sharedaddy show-for-medium-up\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1715565 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1260\" height=\"1260\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB.jpg 1260w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-960x960.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-240x240.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-375x375.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-520x520.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-128x128.jpg 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_DesktopB-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1260px) 100vw, 1260px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"show-for-small-only\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1715564\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_MobileB.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"1335\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_MobileB.jpg 750w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_MobileB-160x285.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_MobileB-240x427.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_MobileB-375x668.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/GW_MobileB-520x926.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. It’s Big, But There’s a Catch\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s huge,” says Thomas Harter, a hydrologist and groundwater specialist at UC Davis. “But that doesn’t mean that we can extract everything that’s down there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nor would that be an especially fruitful exercise, since much of the water that’s down there is not fit for drinking or even irrigation of crops in some cases. And the deeper the aquifer, the more expensive it is to pump it—hundreds or even thousands of feet—to the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Part of it is so deep that it just gets more and more expensive to extract the water,” says Faunt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>California’s Stressed Aquifers \u003c/strong>\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nZoom in and click on individual wells to see how far the water table has receded in that area between Fall 2011 to Fall 2016.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"520\" frameborder=\"0\" src=\"https://kqednews.carto.com/builder/0f18beb9-c1c3-4008-9af2-f00101f0a047/embed\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>SOURCE: CA Dept. of Water Resources\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. It’s in Trouble\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A team of researchers at UCLA \u003ca href=\"http://newsroom.ucla.edu/releases/groundwater-loss-in-central-valley\">recently estimated \u003c/a>that during the recent five-year drought, groundwater was pumped out of the Central Valley at twice the rate of the previous drought (2007-09), eventually taking out enough to fill Lake Mead, the nation’s largest man-made reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>But even in “normal” years, scientists say many farmers and water agencies around the state have been pumping groundwater at an unsustainable rate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically we’re taxing the system beyond what it can take,” warns Faunt. “We’ve been using water at a rate much higher than water’s being recharged to these areas, so you’ve got a loss of storage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the course of the drought, at least 3,500 wells went dry and Harter reckons that most of those remain dry, despite the record-setting precipitation over the winter. According to state regulators, there are still communities receiving emergency supplies of bottled water after local wells dried up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. It’s Not a Lost Cause\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists and water planners think the state’s aquifers can be made sustainable, but it will take time and commitment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">N\u003c/span>ew strategies are taking hold\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>to recharge groundwater basins. Since we reported on \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/03/29/how-flooding-fields-could-alleviate-water-supply-stress/\">one of the earliest pilot projects\u003c/a> in 2013, farm recharge programs have \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2017/01/13/as-rains-soak-california-farmers-test-how-to-store-water-underground/\">gained substantial momentum\u003c/a>, flooding fields with some of the high river flows in years like this, and using those fields as recharge basins, allowing the water to sink in and replenish aquifers below. In Orange County, water managers recycle urban water to recharge local aquifers.\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, state legislators passed the landmark \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/09/17/what-to-know-about-californias-new-groundwater-law/\">Sustainable Groundwater Management Act\u003c/a>, which will, for the first time, require users of groundwater to track and report how much they’re using, and devise plans to do so in a way that doesn’t further deplete supplies. Prior to SGMA, it was essentially open season on groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As NASA scientist Jay Famiglietti\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>has put it, “It’s not unlike your having several straws in a glass and everyone drinking at the same time and no one really watching the level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first management plans are due in 2020, and full implementation of the law — which could ultimately place some restrictions on pumping — won’t happen for another decade at least.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as the law’s sponsor, Sen. Lois Wolk (D-Davis) \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/05/06/tough-going-for-new-groundwater-regulations/\">told Water Deeply\u003c/a>, \u003cspan class=\"s1\">“When you’re digging yourself into a hole, the first solution is to stop digging.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Trump Administration Wants to Shrink Bears Ears National Monument",
"headTitle": "Trump Administration Wants to Shrink Bears Ears National Monument | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke is recommending that the boundaries of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/12/532605964/trump-administration-wants-to-shrink-bears-ears-national-monument\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bears Ears National Monument\u003c/a> in Utah be shrunk. He also is calling on Congress to give Native American tribes more say in how the new monument is managed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zinke’s recommendation to President Trump, announced Monday, is preliminary. But it signals that the administration does not plan to completely rescind President Obama’s creation of the Bears Ears monument late last year in a proclamation. The preliminary report is the first step of a larger review of more than two dozen national monuments that protect U.S. public lands, mostly in the West.[contextly_sidebar id=”Uhd3N6RrIG7pQs6dLCjsstxzDbvWZVgi”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former Montana congressman’s decision \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/06/10/532264595/what-utahs-canyon-country-can-tell-us-about-trumps-monuments-review\">was awaited\u003c/a> as an early test of how the administration will treat public lands issues, in this case balancing the interests of Native Americans, who consider Bears Ears sacred land, and other locals who oppose tough restrictions on other activities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement comes after a four-day tour the secretary made last month to rural southern Utah, where residents have wanted more input into federal land-control decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The recommendations were not made in a bubble in Washington D.C.,” Zinke told reporters, adding that he thought they are in the best interest of Utah and the tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zinke did not specify how much he would like to see the boundaries of the monument reduced, calling that premature. He did suggest that a priority is to protect the antiquities within the new monument but not necessarily all the land around them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bears Ears gets its name from two signature buttes in remote southeastern Utah that resemble bears’ ears. The rocky canyons of the Cedar Mesa below them are dense with cliff dwellings and cultural artifacts, estimated to number near 100,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looting and desecration of these sites was \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/05/05/526860725/with-national-monuments-under-review-bears-ears-is-focus-of-fierce-debate\">one of the primary reasons\u003c/a> the previous administration cited for adding additional federal protections in the area. But the Trump administration has accused previous presidents of using the Antiquities Act more broadly to protect large amounts of public land by executive order, without environmental review, when that’s traditionally been the role of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a lot more drop-dead gorgeous land than there is historic landmarks, historic structures and other objects,” Zinke said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zinke is also calling on Congress to give Native American tribes formal co-management authority once the boundaries of the monument are redrawn. Under the original Obama proclamation, tribes had only an advisory role in managing Bears Ears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The actual proclamation of Bears Ears as a national monument came after talks between tribes and Utah’s congressional delegation over protecting sacred sites in southeastern Utah broke down. Congress never passed a bill. Most large public lands protection bills have stalled in a polarized Congress dating to Bill Clinton’s administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Zinke, a Republican, said Monday he is confident that won’t be the case in 2017, with the GOP in control of both chambers and the White House. Zinke added that the administration has enormous respect for tribes and their “sovereignty, respect and self-determination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The preliminary report could be seen as an attempt to broker a compromise on one of the country’s most hot-button public lands issues. But it’s already clear some Native American tribes and environmental groups haven’t been won over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Secretary’s recommendation isn’t about doing what’s best for Utah. It’s not about the nuances of the Antiquities Act, it’s about appeasing political allies and special interests,” the tribal group Utah Dine Bikeyah said in a written statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group called Zinke’s recommendation “illegal” and meant “to turn back the clock one hundred years on tribal relations and Utah’s economy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It seems all but certain that tribes and the environmental groups will sue if the administration does shrink the boundaries of Bears Ears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zinke’s final recommendations on Bears Ears and 26 other national monuments in the administration’s review aren’t expected until later this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Administration+Wants+To+Shrink+Bears+Ears+National+Monument&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke is recommending that the boundaries of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/12/532605964/trump-administration-wants-to-shrink-bears-ears-national-monument\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bears Ears National Monument\u003c/a> in Utah be shrunk. He also is calling on Congress to give Native American tribes more say in how the new monument is managed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zinke’s recommendation to President Trump, announced Monday, is preliminary. But it signals that the administration does not plan to completely rescind President Obama’s creation of the Bears Ears monument late last year in a proclamation. The preliminary report is the first step of a larger review of more than two dozen national monuments that protect U.S. public lands, mostly in the West.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former Montana congressman’s decision \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/06/10/532264595/what-utahs-canyon-country-can-tell-us-about-trumps-monuments-review\">was awaited\u003c/a> as an early test of how the administration will treat public lands issues, in this case balancing the interests of Native Americans, who consider Bears Ears sacred land, and other locals who oppose tough restrictions on other activities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement comes after a four-day tour the secretary made last month to rural southern Utah, where residents have wanted more input into federal land-control decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The recommendations were not made in a bubble in Washington D.C.,” Zinke told reporters, adding that he thought they are in the best interest of Utah and the tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zinke did not specify how much he would like to see the boundaries of the monument reduced, calling that premature. He did suggest that a priority is to protect the antiquities within the new monument but not necessarily all the land around them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bears Ears gets its name from two signature buttes in remote southeastern Utah that resemble bears’ ears. The rocky canyons of the Cedar Mesa below them are dense with cliff dwellings and cultural artifacts, estimated to number near 100,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looting and desecration of these sites was \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/05/05/526860725/with-national-monuments-under-review-bears-ears-is-focus-of-fierce-debate\">one of the primary reasons\u003c/a> the previous administration cited for adding additional federal protections in the area. But the Trump administration has accused previous presidents of using the Antiquities Act more broadly to protect large amounts of public land by executive order, without environmental review, when that’s traditionally been the role of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a lot more drop-dead gorgeous land than there is historic landmarks, historic structures and other objects,” Zinke said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zinke is also calling on Congress to give Native American tribes formal co-management authority once the boundaries of the monument are redrawn. Under the original Obama proclamation, tribes had only an advisory role in managing Bears Ears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The actual proclamation of Bears Ears as a national monument came after talks between tribes and Utah’s congressional delegation over protecting sacred sites in southeastern Utah broke down. Congress never passed a bill. Most large public lands protection bills have stalled in a polarized Congress dating to Bill Clinton’s administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Zinke, a Republican, said Monday he is confident that won’t be the case in 2017, with the GOP in control of both chambers and the White House. Zinke added that the administration has enormous respect for tribes and their “sovereignty, respect and self-determination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The preliminary report could be seen as an attempt to broker a compromise on one of the country’s most hot-button public lands issues. But it’s already clear some Native American tribes and environmental groups haven’t been won over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Secretary’s recommendation isn’t about doing what’s best for Utah. It’s not about the nuances of the Antiquities Act, it’s about appeasing political allies and special interests,” the tribal group Utah Dine Bikeyah said in a written statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group called Zinke’s recommendation “illegal” and meant “to turn back the clock one hundred years on tribal relations and Utah’s economy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It seems all but certain that tribes and the environmental groups will sue if the administration does shrink the boundaries of Bears Ears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zinke’s final recommendations on Bears Ears and 26 other national monuments in the administration’s review aren’t expected until later this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Administration+Wants+To+Shrink+Bears+Ears+National+Monument&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "U.S. Cancels New Protection for Endangered West Coast Whales",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Trump administration on Monday threw out a new rule intended to limit the numbers of endangered whales and sea turtles getting caught in fishing nets off the West Coast, even though the fishing industry had proposed the measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”EC7Y8TV9yUyqvyzFXVv3dwHYmEphrgAC”]The \u003ca href=\"http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Marine Fisheries Service\u003c/a> said it decided the new protection was not warranted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The action is one of the first by the Trump administration targeting protections for threatened species off the Pacific coast, said Catherine Kilduff, an attorney for the Center for Biological Diversity conservation group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regulation was designed to reduce the numbers of humpback whales, leatherback sea turtles and other large creatures that accidentally become tangled in mile-long nets set adrift by commercial fishermen overnight to catch swordfish off California and Oregon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regulation allowed for shutting down swordfish fishing with the drift nets for up to two fishing seasons if too many of the endangered animals were getting caught in the nets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rule applied to endangered fin, humpback, and sperm whales, short-fin pilot whales and common bottlenose dolphins, as well as endangered leatherback sea turtles, loggerhead sea turtles, olive-ridley sea turtles and green sea turtles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the communities of whales that would have been protected under the rule have dwindled to the low hundreds, Kilduff said.\u003cbr>\nThe fishing industry’s Pacific Fishery Management Council had proposed the new regulation in 2015. Federal officials began implementing it the next year.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Trump administration on Monday threw out a new rule intended to limit the numbers of endangered whales and sea turtles getting caught in fishing nets off the West Coast, even though the fishing industry had proposed the measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Marine Fisheries Service\u003c/a> said it decided the new protection was not warranted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The action is one of the first by the Trump administration targeting protections for threatened species off the Pacific coast, said Catherine Kilduff, an attorney for the Center for Biological Diversity conservation group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regulation was designed to reduce the numbers of humpback whales, leatherback sea turtles and other large creatures that accidentally become tangled in mile-long nets set adrift by commercial fishermen overnight to catch swordfish off California and Oregon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The regulation allowed for shutting down swordfish fishing with the drift nets for up to two fishing seasons if too many of the endangered animals were getting caught in the nets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rule applied to endangered fin, humpback, and sperm whales, short-fin pilot whales and common bottlenose dolphins, as well as endangered leatherback sea turtles, loggerhead sea turtles, olive-ridley sea turtles and green sea turtles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the communities of whales that would have been protected under the rule have dwindled to the low hundreds, Kilduff said.\u003cbr>\nThe fishing industry’s Pacific Fishery Management Council had proposed the new regulation in 2015. Federal officials began implementing it the next year.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "A History of Big Sur Landslides and Highway 1 Closures",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]A[/dropcap]long the Big Sur coast, residents coexist with certain facts of life: a landscape of unparalleled beauty, tourist traffic, spotty cellphone and internet service — and slides that will shut down Highway 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only question we ever have is where it’s going to close, when and for how long,” says Kathleen Woods Novoa — known as Big Sur Kate to readers of her \u003ca href=\"https://bigsurkate.blog/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">indispensably newsy blog\u003c/a>. “We never question that it’s going to close somewhere every single winter. And it does, just about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caltrans records bear that out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2001 Caltrans report — “\u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/3701691/History-Road-Closures.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A History of Road Closures Along Highway 1, Big Sur (PDF)\u003c/a>” — has gotten a lot of attention in the last few weeks as one landslide after another has turned Big Sur into \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/02/into-the-big-surreal-36-hours-in-californias-isolated-lonely-island/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an isolated, lonely island\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report documents dozens of highway closures from the 1930s through the year 2000 along the 75 miles from the San Luis Obispo County line north to the Monterey County town of Carmel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you really delve into the chronology of Big Sur slides and road closures, you find out that Highway 1 goes through periods where it’s subject to nearly constant blockages because of moving earth and falling rocks. Most of these episodes don’t come to the attention of the outside world. Caltrans responds quickly and closures typically last less than a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several of this year’s closures, however, are of the marathon variety:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>One was caused by the February failure of a bridge near the village of Big Sur, just north of Pfeiffer Big Sur State Park. Caltrans says a new bridge will be in place by the end of September.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>An area called Paul’s Slide, about 25 south of the village of Big Sur, has been subject to on-and-off closures — including several total shutdowns — since December. Caltrans has said the area could be restored to “normal” traffic by the end of July.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>And finally, another 13 miles down the road from Paul’s Slide is Mud Creek, just south of the community of Gorda. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/26/before-and-after-the-historic-big-sur-landslide/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Highway 1 was buried\u003c/a> there by a mountainside that had begun moving in December and finally collapsed on May 20. There’s no estimate on when the road will be restored there, though local speculation has it that it will take a year or more.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The closures have disrupted life all through Big Sur, forcing tourist-oriented businesses like resorts, inns and restaurants to lay off employees and making it tough for residents to reach the outside world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”QzISdb8857KQRNYolMA3EaXfS7fZBI7D”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the 35-mile stretch of Highway 1 between the village of Big Sur and Mud Creek, the only way to drive in or out is over Nacimiento-Fergusson Road. That’s a steep, narrow, twisting byway — now frequented by more than its share of inexperienced mountain drivers and big trucks in construction convoys — that crosses the Santa Lucia range and connects with other rural roads that connect to U.S. 101 in the Salinas Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just last week, Novoa said Friday, she had to take her sick dog to a veterinarian in Morro Bay — a trip that’s now roughly double its normal 60-mile one-way distance. The drive took four hours each way. A recent shopping trip to San Luis Obispo — usually about 150 miles round trip — turned into a 250-mile drive and consumed 12 hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After doing that, we decided we can’t go that far a distance without doing an overnight,” Novoa said. “So now we’re planning everything around convoys, staying overnight. … Tuesday, we have to go to Paso Robles for an appointment to get some vehicle work done. So we’ll be spending the night in Paso Robles for a 9 o’clock appointment.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">A\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>long the Big Sur coast, residents coexist with certain facts of life: a landscape of unparalleled beauty, tourist traffic, spotty cellphone and internet service — and slides that will shut down Highway 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only question we ever have is where it’s going to close, when and for how long,” says Kathleen Woods Novoa — known as Big Sur Kate to readers of her \u003ca href=\"https://bigsurkate.blog/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">indispensably newsy blog\u003c/a>. “We never question that it’s going to close somewhere every single winter. And it does, just about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caltrans records bear that out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2001 Caltrans report — “\u003ca href=\"https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/3701691/History-Road-Closures.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A History of Road Closures Along Highway 1, Big Sur (PDF)\u003c/a>” — has gotten a lot of attention in the last few weeks as one landslide after another has turned Big Sur into \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/02/into-the-big-surreal-36-hours-in-californias-isolated-lonely-island/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an isolated, lonely island\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report documents dozens of highway closures from the 1930s through the year 2000 along the 75 miles from the San Luis Obispo County line north to the Monterey County town of Carmel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you really delve into the chronology of Big Sur slides and road closures, you find out that Highway 1 goes through periods where it’s subject to nearly constant blockages because of moving earth and falling rocks. Most of these episodes don’t come to the attention of the outside world. Caltrans responds quickly and closures typically last less than a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several of this year’s closures, however, are of the marathon variety:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>One was caused by the February failure of a bridge near the village of Big Sur, just north of Pfeiffer Big Sur State Park. Caltrans says a new bridge will be in place by the end of September.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>An area called Paul’s Slide, about 25 south of the village of Big Sur, has been subject to on-and-off closures — including several total shutdowns — since December. Caltrans has said the area could be restored to “normal” traffic by the end of July.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>And finally, another 13 miles down the road from Paul’s Slide is Mud Creek, just south of the community of Gorda. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/26/before-and-after-the-historic-big-sur-landslide/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Highway 1 was buried\u003c/a> there by a mountainside that had begun moving in December and finally collapsed on May 20. There’s no estimate on when the road will be restored there, though local speculation has it that it will take a year or more.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The closures have disrupted life all through Big Sur, forcing tourist-oriented businesses like resorts, inns and restaurants to lay off employees and making it tough for residents to reach the outside world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the 35-mile stretch of Highway 1 between the village of Big Sur and Mud Creek, the only way to drive in or out is over Nacimiento-Fergusson Road. That’s a steep, narrow, twisting byway — now frequented by more than its share of inexperienced mountain drivers and big trucks in construction convoys — that crosses the Santa Lucia range and connects with other rural roads that connect to U.S. 101 in the Salinas Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just last week, Novoa said Friday, she had to take her sick dog to a veterinarian in Morro Bay — a trip that’s now roughly double its normal 60-mile one-way distance. The drive took four hours each way. A recent shopping trip to San Luis Obispo — usually about 150 miles round trip — turned into a 250-mile drive and consumed 12 hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After doing that, we decided we can’t go that far a distance without doing an overnight,” Novoa said. “So now we’re planning everything around convoys, staying overnight. … Tuesday, we have to go to Paso Robles for an appointment to get some vehicle work done. So we’ll be spending the night in Paso Robles for a 9 o’clock appointment.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Tahoe Kids Learn How to Grow Kale in the Snow",
"headTitle": "Tahoe Kids Learn How to Grow Kale in the Snow | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>It may have been a record snow year in the Sierra, but that hasn’t stopped locals from growing their own produce. In addition to the usual covered garden beds, some ambitious Tahoe gardeners have opted for a more engineered option: the Sierra Growing Dome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Designed in partnership with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.tahoefoodhub.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tahoe Food Hub\u003c/a> and manufactured by Colorado-based \u003ca href=\"http://geodesic-greenhouse-kits.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Growing Spaces\u003c/a>, the dome comes in a variety of sizes and has been engineered to withstand heavy snow loads. The geodesic greenhouses look a bit like glass golf balls and require no external heat source, which makes them fairly economical to operate. Instead of heating and cooling equipment, the domes’ temperatures are moderated via the sun, a large tank of water and some ingenious vents that keep things cool in the summer and warm in the winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Most kids don’t know where food comes from.’\u003ccite>Denise Pillsbury, second-grade teacher at Sierra House Elementary\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>At around $25,000, the domes run the risk of being a luxury that only wealthy foodies can afford for individual use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dome at the Tahoe Food Hub, however, also serves as the organization’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.tahoefoodhub.org/grow-local/sierra-agroecology-cen/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">agroecology center\u003c/a>, where experts share a variety of tips for growing food in alpine climates. The food hub connects local farmers with restaurants, schools and hospitals in the region in an effort to reduce food miles. Executive director Susie Sutphin said she hopes some local cities and organizations might consider taking on a dome. “It would make a lot of sense for some of the ski resorts up here. They’d be able to grow some of their own produce, which would reduce the amount of stuff they need to have trucked in and would also provide really fresh ingredients for their restaurants,” she said. “I could see one of the towns maybe putting one up, too, and they’re great for schools.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11502114\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11502114\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/TahoeFoodHub_SnowDome-800x450.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/TahoeFoodHub_SnowDome-800x450.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/TahoeFoodHub_SnowDome-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/TahoeFoodHub_SnowDome.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/TahoeFoodHub_SnowDome-240x135.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/TahoeFoodHub_SnowDome-375x211.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/TahoeFoodHub_SnowDome-520x293.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Produce can grow in the Tahoe Food Hub’s dome no matter what the weather outside is like. \u003ccite>(Amy Westervelt/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In fact, one local school, \u003ca href=\"http://sierrahouse.ltusd.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sierra House Elementary\u003c/a> in South Lake Tahoe, raised enough via donations and grants to buy not one but two domes, and start an ambitious gardening program that provides fresh produce twice per week to its students, two-thirds of whom are on the free and reduced lunch program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A big reason for supporting the domes was we thought it would not only improve the kids’ diets, but would also provide a benefit to the broader community if they were going home and encouraging their parents to buy more vegetables,” said Ryan Galles, principal of Sierra House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was actually parent Michelle McLean who got the program off the ground after touring the Tahoe Food Hub’s dome in Truckee. She has now helped the school raise enough to add a pollinator garden, garden-pegged curricula, a garden mural in the cafeteria and even a job for herself coordinating it all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”MFcneayQaXjvswI0AYSnahIN5quRwTlA”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twice each week, the kids go out to the domes and learn everything from basic gardening to more advanced biology and engineering. Once per week, they line up for a salad bar stocked by the domes, and you’ve never seen so many 6-year-olds this excited about salad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can really tell the difference between the students who have had the domes all along and the ones who were older when we got them,” said McLean. “The younger ones make much healthier choices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The teachers love the domes, too, and use them as a teaching aid for everything from science to vocabulary. Second-grade teacher Denise Pillsbury said the treks out to the domes help her kids get their wiggles out during the day, and that the program is improving their diets. “Most kids don’t know where food comes from, so they’re getting a much better understanding of it, helping to plant and weed, and then enjoy the food they grow,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And principal Galles’ goal of reaching the broader community has been achieved, too. Hector Ochoa, the\u003ca href=\"http://fsnep.ucdavis.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> UC CalFresh Nutrition\u003c/a> educator for Lake Tahoe, said he’s seen how kids are influencing their parents’ shopping and cooking decisions.Ochoa’s been fielding lots of requests at the Family Resource Center for tips on what to do with kale, and has been coordinating cooking classes filled with advice on how to make fresh produce stretch. “Sometimes it is more expensive, so we work with people to figure out how they can use every part of the vegetable, how they might be able to cook and freeze things,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The kids, though, just think it’s fun. They love to visit the fish in the aquaponic pond that sits in a corner of one of the domes; they like to eat everything from strawberry to mint to kale salad; and they’re noticeably chilled out after getting a little dose of nature in the middle of their school day — even when it’s snowing out.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It may have been a record snow year in the Sierra, but that hasn’t stopped locals from growing their own produce. In addition to the usual covered garden beds, some ambitious Tahoe gardeners have opted for a more engineered option: the Sierra Growing Dome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Designed in partnership with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.tahoefoodhub.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tahoe Food Hub\u003c/a> and manufactured by Colorado-based \u003ca href=\"http://geodesic-greenhouse-kits.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Growing Spaces\u003c/a>, the dome comes in a variety of sizes and has been engineered to withstand heavy snow loads. The geodesic greenhouses look a bit like glass golf balls and require no external heat source, which makes them fairly economical to operate. Instead of heating and cooling equipment, the domes’ temperatures are moderated via the sun, a large tank of water and some ingenious vents that keep things cool in the summer and warm in the winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Most kids don’t know where food comes from.’\u003ccite>Denise Pillsbury, second-grade teacher at Sierra House Elementary\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>At around $25,000, the domes run the risk of being a luxury that only wealthy foodies can afford for individual use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dome at the Tahoe Food Hub, however, also serves as the organization’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.tahoefoodhub.org/grow-local/sierra-agroecology-cen/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">agroecology center\u003c/a>, where experts share a variety of tips for growing food in alpine climates. The food hub connects local farmers with restaurants, schools and hospitals in the region in an effort to reduce food miles. Executive director Susie Sutphin said she hopes some local cities and organizations might consider taking on a dome. “It would make a lot of sense for some of the ski resorts up here. They’d be able to grow some of their own produce, which would reduce the amount of stuff they need to have trucked in and would also provide really fresh ingredients for their restaurants,” she said. “I could see one of the towns maybe putting one up, too, and they’re great for schools.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11502114\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11502114\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/TahoeFoodHub_SnowDome-800x450.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/TahoeFoodHub_SnowDome-800x450.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/TahoeFoodHub_SnowDome-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/TahoeFoodHub_SnowDome.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/TahoeFoodHub_SnowDome-240x135.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/TahoeFoodHub_SnowDome-375x211.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/TahoeFoodHub_SnowDome-520x293.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Produce can grow in the Tahoe Food Hub’s dome no matter what the weather outside is like. \u003ccite>(Amy Westervelt/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In fact, one local school, \u003ca href=\"http://sierrahouse.ltusd.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sierra House Elementary\u003c/a> in South Lake Tahoe, raised enough via donations and grants to buy not one but two domes, and start an ambitious gardening program that provides fresh produce twice per week to its students, two-thirds of whom are on the free and reduced lunch program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A big reason for supporting the domes was we thought it would not only improve the kids’ diets, but would also provide a benefit to the broader community if they were going home and encouraging their parents to buy more vegetables,” said Ryan Galles, principal of Sierra House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was actually parent Michelle McLean who got the program off the ground after touring the Tahoe Food Hub’s dome in Truckee. She has now helped the school raise enough to add a pollinator garden, garden-pegged curricula, a garden mural in the cafeteria and even a job for herself coordinating it all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twice each week, the kids go out to the domes and learn everything from basic gardening to more advanced biology and engineering. Once per week, they line up for a salad bar stocked by the domes, and you’ve never seen so many 6-year-olds this excited about salad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can really tell the difference between the students who have had the domes all along and the ones who were older when we got them,” said McLean. “The younger ones make much healthier choices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The teachers love the domes, too, and use them as a teaching aid for everything from science to vocabulary. Second-grade teacher Denise Pillsbury said the treks out to the domes help her kids get their wiggles out during the day, and that the program is improving their diets. “Most kids don’t know where food comes from, so they’re getting a much better understanding of it, helping to plant and weed, and then enjoy the food they grow,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And principal Galles’ goal of reaching the broader community has been achieved, too. Hector Ochoa, the\u003ca href=\"http://fsnep.ucdavis.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> UC CalFresh Nutrition\u003c/a> educator for Lake Tahoe, said he’s seen how kids are influencing their parents’ shopping and cooking decisions.Ochoa’s been fielding lots of requests at the Family Resource Center for tips on what to do with kale, and has been coordinating cooking classes filled with advice on how to make fresh produce stretch. “Sometimes it is more expensive, so we work with people to figure out how they can use every part of the vegetable, how they might be able to cook and freeze things,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The kids, though, just think it’s fun. They love to visit the fish in the aquaponic pond that sits in a corner of one of the domes; they like to eat everything from strawberry to mint to kale salad; and they’re noticeably chilled out after getting a little dose of nature in the middle of their school day — even when it’s snowing out.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Valero's Benicia Refinery Outage Triggered 'Huge' Release of Pollution",
"title": "Valero's Benicia Refinery Outage Triggered 'Huge' Release of Pollution",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The Valero refinery in Benicia released more than 74,000 pounds of sulfur dioxide during 14 days of flaring after a power outage in May, according to a report the company has filed with state officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A huge amount of sulfur dioxide was emitted,\" said Anthony Wexler, director of the Air Quality Research Center at UC Davis, who reviewed the Valero report KQED obtained through a California Public Records Act request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data were submitted to the California Office of Emergency Services last week. They will be a part of at least one of the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/10/after-valero-refinery-outage-three-probes-and-rising-gas-prices/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">three investigations\u003c/a> into the refinery malfunction that led to an increase in the state's gasoline prices and has prompted Benicia city leaders to consider increasing their \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/23/valero-outage-prompts-benicia-to-consider-industrial-safety-ordinance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">oversight\u003c/a> of the refinery and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/09/benicia-mayor-calls-for-key-emergency-improvements-after-valero-refinery-outage-and-flaring/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">improve how they communicate\u003c/a> with residents about emergencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly half of the sulfur dioxide the refinery released -- 31,000 pounds -- was emitted on May 5, the day the plant went offline and began flaring after the outage. That was also the day authorities imposed shelter-in-place and evacuation orders for parts of the city and at least a dozen people sought medical treatment for breathing difficulties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fact that it was emitted over a short period of time in some ways makes it worse,\" Wexler said on Thursday. \"That would have a much larger health impact.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Valero refinery released a total of nearly 25,000 pounds of sulfur dioxide on May 6 and 7, the company's report said. On May 14, it released close to 8,000 pounds of the gas, the company's report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To put those numbers in perspective, \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/compliance-and-enforcement/flares/graphs/flare-emissions-charts/flaring-so2-emissions-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">air district statistics\u003c/a> show that the Valero refinery released an estimated total of 13,800 pounds of sulfur dioxide in 2016 and 15,400 pounds in 2015 through flaring. From 2004 through 2016, flaring releases have ranged from a low of 13,400 in 2009 to a high of 277,000 pounds in 2008. The facility's average annual sulfur dioxide flaring release during the period was 76,000 pounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its report, Valero said the refinery also emitted 350 pounds of carbonyl sulfide, a highly toxic and extremely flammable gas, between May 12 and May 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero's report said its monitoring did not show an increase in ambient sulfur dioxide levels outside the refinery site, a sprawling facility at the northern end of the Benicia-Martinez Bridge. The company said exposure to the gas was limited to \"persons solely within the site or sites on which the facility is located.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The document did not give details about the hour-to-hour release of sulfur dioxide or the concentration of the gas at the refinery during the episode. The report also did not indicate whether workers at the facility were treated for exposure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new details about the refinery releases prompted an angry response from one environmental group that has monitored the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's absolutely unacceptable that this dirty refinery spewed dangerous gases into the air we breathe for two full weeks,\" said Hollin Kretzmann, a staff attorney at the Center for Biological Diversity's Climate Law Institute, in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These reckless air pollution releases are too frequent and too dangerous to continue,\" said Kretzmann, who also reviewed the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero's report will be a part of the investigation into the outage by local air regulators, according to Tom Flannigan, a spokesman for the Bay Area Air Quality Management District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But first, he said, the agency needs to confirm the numbers are correct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We review this data and information related to the flaring event for accuracy,\" Flannigan said in an email. \"Combined with other data from air monitors in and around the facility, we can create a comprehensive view of the incident.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district, which has issued \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/05/benicia-refinery-power-outage-triggers-evacuations/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">notices of violation\u003c/a> to the refinery, also needs to look at data on wind speed and direction during the flaring episode, Flannigan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the first three days of the incident, May 5-7, when sulfur dioxide releases were highest, the area experienced winds that veered from northwest to southwest. Sustained winds at two weather stations on the Martinez shoreline during the first day and a half of the episode ranged up to 30 mph, with gusts of up to 34 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report covers the refinery's releases through May 18, but the facility had trouble restarting even after that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of May, local air regulators opened a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/30/air-district-investigating-latest-valero-refinery-release-weeks-after-power-outage/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new investigation\u003c/a> into the facility after it sent another round of black smoke and toxic gas into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last releases took place on June 1, according to \u003ca href=\"https://w3.calema.ca.gov/operational/malhaz.nsf/f1841a103c102734882563e200760c4a/8b2f2322f8d3ae12882581330075ad7c?OpenDocument&Highlight=0,valero\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reports\u003c/a> posted on a hazardous materials database managed by the California Office of Emergency Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, a Valero official said the refinery had finally restarted and for the first time explained what was behind the weeks-long flaring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Due to the abrupt nature of the emergency shutdown, the refinery was unable to go through the systematic process we follow for planned shutdowns that allows the refinery to minimize emissions during shutdown and restart,\" company spokeswoman Lillian Riojas said in an email on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil company continues to blame PG&E for the outage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco-based utility has said the electrical failure was triggered by an \"inadvertent operation\" to protect power circuits. PG&E has hired a third party engineering firm, Exponent, to review the cause.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Company reports facility emitted 74,000 pounds of sulfur dioxide in two weeks -- more than the total amount it released in previous two years. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Valero refinery in Benicia released more than 74,000 pounds of sulfur dioxide during 14 days of flaring after a power outage in May, according to a report the company has filed with state officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A huge amount of sulfur dioxide was emitted,\" said Anthony Wexler, director of the Air Quality Research Center at UC Davis, who reviewed the Valero report KQED obtained through a California Public Records Act request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data were submitted to the California Office of Emergency Services last week. They will be a part of at least one of the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/10/after-valero-refinery-outage-three-probes-and-rising-gas-prices/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">three investigations\u003c/a> into the refinery malfunction that led to an increase in the state's gasoline prices and has prompted Benicia city leaders to consider increasing their \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/23/valero-outage-prompts-benicia-to-consider-industrial-safety-ordinance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">oversight\u003c/a> of the refinery and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/09/benicia-mayor-calls-for-key-emergency-improvements-after-valero-refinery-outage-and-flaring/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">improve how they communicate\u003c/a> with residents about emergencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly half of the sulfur dioxide the refinery released -- 31,000 pounds -- was emitted on May 5, the day the plant went offline and began flaring after the outage. That was also the day authorities imposed shelter-in-place and evacuation orders for parts of the city and at least a dozen people sought medical treatment for breathing difficulties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fact that it was emitted over a short period of time in some ways makes it worse,\" Wexler said on Thursday. \"That would have a much larger health impact.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Valero refinery released a total of nearly 25,000 pounds of sulfur dioxide on May 6 and 7, the company's report said. On May 14, it released close to 8,000 pounds of the gas, the company's report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To put those numbers in perspective, \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/compliance-and-enforcement/flares/graphs/flare-emissions-charts/flaring-so2-emissions-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">air district statistics\u003c/a> show that the Valero refinery released an estimated total of 13,800 pounds of sulfur dioxide in 2016 and 15,400 pounds in 2015 through flaring. From 2004 through 2016, flaring releases have ranged from a low of 13,400 in 2009 to a high of 277,000 pounds in 2008. The facility's average annual sulfur dioxide flaring release during the period was 76,000 pounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its report, Valero said the refinery also emitted 350 pounds of carbonyl sulfide, a highly toxic and extremely flammable gas, between May 12 and May 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero's report said its monitoring did not show an increase in ambient sulfur dioxide levels outside the refinery site, a sprawling facility at the northern end of the Benicia-Martinez Bridge. The company said exposure to the gas was limited to \"persons solely within the site or sites on which the facility is located.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The document did not give details about the hour-to-hour release of sulfur dioxide or the concentration of the gas at the refinery during the episode. The report also did not indicate whether workers at the facility were treated for exposure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new details about the refinery releases prompted an angry response from one environmental group that has monitored the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's absolutely unacceptable that this dirty refinery spewed dangerous gases into the air we breathe for two full weeks,\" said Hollin Kretzmann, a staff attorney at the Center for Biological Diversity's Climate Law Institute, in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These reckless air pollution releases are too frequent and too dangerous to continue,\" said Kretzmann, who also reviewed the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero's report will be a part of the investigation into the outage by local air regulators, according to Tom Flannigan, a spokesman for the Bay Area Air Quality Management District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But first, he said, the agency needs to confirm the numbers are correct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We review this data and information related to the flaring event for accuracy,\" Flannigan said in an email. \"Combined with other data from air monitors in and around the facility, we can create a comprehensive view of the incident.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district, which has issued \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/05/benicia-refinery-power-outage-triggers-evacuations/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">notices of violation\u003c/a> to the refinery, also needs to look at data on wind speed and direction during the flaring episode, Flannigan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the first three days of the incident, May 5-7, when sulfur dioxide releases were highest, the area experienced winds that veered from northwest to southwest. Sustained winds at two weather stations on the Martinez shoreline during the first day and a half of the episode ranged up to 30 mph, with gusts of up to 34 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report covers the refinery's releases through May 18, but the facility had trouble restarting even after that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of May, local air regulators opened a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/30/air-district-investigating-latest-valero-refinery-release-weeks-after-power-outage/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new investigation\u003c/a> into the facility after it sent another round of black smoke and toxic gas into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last releases took place on June 1, according to \u003ca href=\"https://w3.calema.ca.gov/operational/malhaz.nsf/f1841a103c102734882563e200760c4a/8b2f2322f8d3ae12882581330075ad7c?OpenDocument&Highlight=0,valero\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reports\u003c/a> posted on a hazardous materials database managed by the California Office of Emergency Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, a Valero official said the refinery had finally restarted and for the first time explained what was behind the weeks-long flaring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Due to the abrupt nature of the emergency shutdown, the refinery was unable to go through the systematic process we follow for planned shutdowns that allows the refinery to minimize emissions during shutdown and restart,\" company spokeswoman Lillian Riojas said in an email on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil company continues to blame PG&E for the outage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco-based utility has said the electrical failure was triggered by an \"inadvertent operation\" to protect power circuits. PG&E has hired a third party engineering firm, Exponent, to review the cause.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "A Year After Measure AA Passed, Funding Remains a Challenge for Restoring SF Bay Wetlands",
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"content": "\u003cp>Last year, on June 7, the nine counties of the Bay Area passed a ballot measure called Measure AA. The measure placed a $12 per year parcel tax on local landowners to be directed towards wetlands restoration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental advocacy nonprofit Save the Bay “realized in 2003 that the main limiting factor in getting these already acquired areas restored to tidal marsh was money,” said David Lewis, the organization’s executive director. Save the Bay came up with the idea of Measure AA and the regional authority that regulates it, the \u003ca href=\"http://sfbayrestore.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco Bay Restoration Authority\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Originally, the Bay had around 200,000 acres of marsh land. Salt harvesting and urban development, though, decimated the wetlands throughout the 19th and 20th Centuries, until restoration efforts began in the 1990s. A 1999 study called for the region to rebuild 100,000 acres of healthy wetlands — an attainable goal, since much of the former marshland is actually already under public ownership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure AA will raise $500 million over 20 years, providing a third of the total $1.5 billion needed to reach the restoration goal. But even with the help of an assortment of other grants, the project is currently less than 30 percent funded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposed cuts to federal environmental funding will also place a higher burden on state and local government to finance the wetlands restoration before sea level rise rates are projected to begin accelerating around 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That Measure AA money hasn’t been used yet. The first year of tax collection ends this month and the regional San Francisco Bay Restoration Authority will review project proposals from various environmental organizations this fall, with the initial round of funds distributed to chosen projects in early 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The slow influx of funds from Measure AA is better than nothing, say officials, but additional funding is needed if adequate restoration is to occur before the 2030 deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The longer you wait, the more expensive this is going to get,” said John Bourgeois, executive director of the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project — one of the biggest players in bringing back local marshlands. The project was established in 2003 by the California Department of Fish and Game, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the California Coastal Conservancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If natural wetlands are not rebuilt, Bay Area cities may ultimately need to construct more expensive seawalls or flood control levees to protect millions of residents from sea level rise. A recent state-commissioned report found that the San Francisco Bay could rise between 2.4 and 3.4 feet by the year 2100.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Last year, on June 7, the nine counties of the Bay Area passed a ballot measure called Measure AA. The measure placed a $12 per year parcel tax on local landowners to be directed towards wetlands restoration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental advocacy nonprofit Save the Bay “realized in 2003 that the main limiting factor in getting these already acquired areas restored to tidal marsh was money,” said David Lewis, the organization’s executive director. Save the Bay came up with the idea of Measure AA and the regional authority that regulates it, the \u003ca href=\"http://sfbayrestore.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco Bay Restoration Authority\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Originally, the Bay had around 200,000 acres of marsh land. Salt harvesting and urban development, though, decimated the wetlands throughout the 19th and 20th Centuries, until restoration efforts began in the 1990s. A 1999 study called for the region to rebuild 100,000 acres of healthy wetlands — an attainable goal, since much of the former marshland is actually already under public ownership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure AA will raise $500 million over 20 years, providing a third of the total $1.5 billion needed to reach the restoration goal. But even with the help of an assortment of other grants, the project is currently less than 30 percent funded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposed cuts to federal environmental funding will also place a higher burden on state and local government to finance the wetlands restoration before sea level rise rates are projected to begin accelerating around 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That Measure AA money hasn’t been used yet. The first year of tax collection ends this month and the regional San Francisco Bay Restoration Authority will review project proposals from various environmental organizations this fall, with the initial round of funds distributed to chosen projects in early 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The slow influx of funds from Measure AA is better than nothing, say officials, but additional funding is needed if adequate restoration is to occur before the 2030 deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The longer you wait, the more expensive this is going to get,” said John Bourgeois, executive director of the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project — one of the biggest players in bringing back local marshlands. The project was established in 2003 by the California Department of Fish and Game, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the California Coastal Conservancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If natural wetlands are not rebuilt, Bay Area cities may ultimately need to construct more expensive seawalls or flood control levees to protect millions of residents from sea level rise. A recent state-commissioned report found that the San Francisco Bay could rise between 2.4 and 3.4 feet by the year 2100.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Semi-Unusual June Rain Edges Closer to Bay Area",
"headTitle": "Semi-Unusual June Rain Edges Closer to Bay Area | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>The Bay Area is in for a semi-unusual weather event beginning early Thursday: June rain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We say semi-unusual, or perhaps quasi-atypical, because while rain in June is a relatively infrequent occurrence in most of California — with no precipitation recorded in 53 of the 167 Junes in \u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">the San \u003c/a>\u003ca id=\"rssmi_more\" href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/07/june-rain-forecast-throughout-bay-area/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Read More …\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source:: \u003ca title=\"Semi-Unusual June Rain Edges Closer to Bay Area\" href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/07/june-rain-forecast-throughout-bay-area/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Newsfix – Science\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"description": "The Bay Area is in for a semi-unusual weather event beginning early Thursday: June rain. We say semi-unusual, or perhaps quasi-atypical, because while rain in June is a relatively infrequent occurrence in most of California — with no precipitation recorded in 53 of the 167 Junes in the San Read More ... Source:: Newsfix –",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Bay Area is in for a semi-unusual weather event beginning early Thursday: June rain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We say semi-unusual, or perhaps quasi-atypical, because while rain in June is a relatively infrequent occurrence in most of California — with no precipitation recorded in 53 of the 167 Junes in \u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">the San \u003c/a>\u003ca id=\"rssmi_more\" href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/07/june-rain-forecast-throughout-bay-area/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Read More …\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source:: \u003ca title=\"Semi-Unusual June Rain Edges Closer to Bay Area\" href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/07/june-rain-forecast-throughout-bay-area/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Newsfix – Science\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "What Can You Do With Used Clothing Not Suitable for Donation?",
"title": "What Can You Do With Used Clothing Not Suitable for Donation?",
"headTitle": "Bay Curious | News Fix | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]S[/dropcap]an Francisco is known for its thrift store scene, popular among many of the hip, eco-minded residents of the Bay Area. This trend is gaining traction -- in 2009, \u003ca href=\"http://homeguides.sfgate.com/recycled-clothing-79332.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an estimated 3.8 billion pounds of fabric\u003c/a> were kept out of U.S. landfills through used-clothing operations, according to the Council for Textile Recycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, even clothing of the highest quality simply doesn’t last forever. Whether it’s a coffee spill that ruins your favorite sweater, or the duct tape finally falling off the sole of your boot, clothes reach the end of their lifespan. And once you’re past wearing them, it can be hard to imagine your worn-out garments on the rack of a thrift store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some stores will not accept worn-out items at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We look for clean, like-new clothing that is in styles our customers are requesting,” says Emma Robinson, a communication and production assistant with popular vintage store Buffalo Exchange. “We do not buy items that are unclean or have condition issues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Area resident Ellen Shehadeh asked Bay Curious:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What can we do with used clothing that isn’t suitable for donation sites? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t like to throw things away if they have possible other uses,” Shehadeh says. “I just get appalled by all the waste that’s manufactured here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Recycling\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Clothing recycling bins do exist in the Bay Area. A company called \u003ca href=\"http://www.usagain.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">USAgain\u003c/a> has been operating textile collection sites here since 2010, with \u003ca href=\"https://usagain.com/find-treemachine\">locations around the Bay Area\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More people are beginning to realize and understand the environmental benefits in seeking a convenient way to having their old clothes recycled and reused instead of throwing it in the garbage,” says USAgain CEO Mattias Wallander.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While this is an exciting prospect, textile recycling has a ways to go before it’s as commonplace as curbside paper and plastic recycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Plot Twist – Recycling Through Donation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This may come as a surprise -- it did to me -- but it turns out one of the easiest ways to get old clothing into the greater textile recycling stream is donating it, no matter how worn you think it is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.huffpost.com/entry/what-does-goodwill-do-with-your-clothes_n_57e06b96e4b0071a6e092352\">percentage of what gets donated to places like Goodwill\u003c/a> or the Salvation Army ends up being sold to textile recyclers, at 5 to 7 cents per pound, with the cash still benefiting the charities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of these “recyclers” are actually used clothing exporters. A large portion of the items not sold in U.S. thrift shops wind up in foreign markets. In Uganda, 81 percent of all clothing purchases are made on secondhand clothes. (Although it may seem like a form of charity and eco-responsibility, the BBC explains how the used-clothing export market is something of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-35706427\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">political mixed bag\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The remaining recycled fabric goes into other production streams, and may end up as insulation, upholstery stuffing or ingredients in paper products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even high-end thrift stores like Buffalo Exchange participate in this process. Whatever clothes they’re unwilling to buy they will donate to local charities that pick up from their stores daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousbug]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a service we offer to our sellers so they don’t need to make a second trip to a donation drop,” Emma Robinson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when you take your old clothes to the thrift store, they may not actually end up on the rack -- but perhaps they’ll continue their lives as garments halfway across the world, or find their way into a couch cushion.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where to Donate\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Most thrift stores like Goodwill and the Salvation Army participate in textile recycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Find an ample list \u003ca href=\"https://satruck.org/DropOff/Index?zip=94105\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a> of Salvation Army donation sites around the Bay Area. Donations are even \u003ca href=\"https://satruck.org/Home/DonationValueGuide#mens-clothing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tax deductible\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11498380\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-11498380\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-1020x1020.jpg\" alt=\"There a number of organizations that will take used clothing, and recycle anything not fit for reuse.\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-960x960.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-240x240.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-375x375.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-520x520.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-150x150.jpg 150w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622.jpg 1732w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">There a number of organizations that will take used clothing, and recycle anything not fit for reuse. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But let’s take one step back. It’s possible, even when clothes wouldn’t make the cut at Buffalo Exchange or Goodwill, that someone in your own backyard might appreciate having them for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizations that serve the needy, like the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mnhc.org/community_programs/mission-neighborhood-resource-center/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mission Neighborhood Resource Center\u003c/a>, also accept clothing donations. It’s best to call in advance to see if the shelters are in need of items you have to offer, and swing by to drop them off during business hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco has a \u003ca href=\"http://www.homelessshelterdirectory.org/cgi-bin/id/city.cgi?city=San%20Francisco&state=CA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">number of shelters\u003c/a> and assistance programs for men, women, children and young people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another option to consider is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.hssv.org/give/give-items/\">Humane Society of Silicon Valley\u003c/a>. They accept old towels, blankets and comforters, to keep their furry residents warm -- and my guess is that the pups wouldn’t much mind a stain here or a rip there.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Repurposing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>We’ve covered recycling, but another important way to cut down on textile waste is to reuse and reduce. In a nutshell, the less we buy, the less we waste. And there are tons of creative ways to reuse the worn items you do have, without ever leaving the house – even the gnarliest of old T-shirts makes a great rag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11498394\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11498394\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Unwanted textiles can be repurposed for pets.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Unwanted textiles can be repurposed for pets. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">S\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>an Francisco is known for its thrift store scene, popular among many of the hip, eco-minded residents of the Bay Area. This trend is gaining traction -- in 2009, \u003ca href=\"http://homeguides.sfgate.com/recycled-clothing-79332.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an estimated 3.8 billion pounds of fabric\u003c/a> were kept out of U.S. landfills through used-clothing operations, according to the Council for Textile Recycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, even clothing of the highest quality simply doesn’t last forever. Whether it’s a coffee spill that ruins your favorite sweater, or the duct tape finally falling off the sole of your boot, clothes reach the end of their lifespan. And once you’re past wearing them, it can be hard to imagine your worn-out garments on the rack of a thrift store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some stores will not accept worn-out items at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We look for clean, like-new clothing that is in styles our customers are requesting,” says Emma Robinson, a communication and production assistant with popular vintage store Buffalo Exchange. “We do not buy items that are unclean or have condition issues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Area resident Ellen Shehadeh asked Bay Curious:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What can we do with used clothing that isn’t suitable for donation sites? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t like to throw things away if they have possible other uses,” Shehadeh says. “I just get appalled by all the waste that’s manufactured here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Recycling\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Clothing recycling bins do exist in the Bay Area. A company called \u003ca href=\"http://www.usagain.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">USAgain\u003c/a> has been operating textile collection sites here since 2010, with \u003ca href=\"https://usagain.com/find-treemachine\">locations around the Bay Area\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More people are beginning to realize and understand the environmental benefits in seeking a convenient way to having their old clothes recycled and reused instead of throwing it in the garbage,” says USAgain CEO Mattias Wallander.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While this is an exciting prospect, textile recycling has a ways to go before it’s as commonplace as curbside paper and plastic recycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Plot Twist – Recycling Through Donation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This may come as a surprise -- it did to me -- but it turns out one of the easiest ways to get old clothing into the greater textile recycling stream is donating it, no matter how worn you think it is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.huffpost.com/entry/what-does-goodwill-do-with-your-clothes_n_57e06b96e4b0071a6e092352\">percentage of what gets donated to places like Goodwill\u003c/a> or the Salvation Army ends up being sold to textile recyclers, at 5 to 7 cents per pound, with the cash still benefiting the charities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of these “recyclers” are actually used clothing exporters. A large portion of the items not sold in U.S. thrift shops wind up in foreign markets. In Uganda, 81 percent of all clothing purchases are made on secondhand clothes. (Although it may seem like a form of charity and eco-responsibility, the BBC explains how the used-clothing export market is something of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-35706427\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">political mixed bag\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The remaining recycled fabric goes into other production streams, and may end up as insulation, upholstery stuffing or ingredients in paper products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even high-end thrift stores like Buffalo Exchange participate in this process. Whatever clothes they’re unwilling to buy they will donate to local charities that pick up from their stores daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a service we offer to our sellers so they don’t need to make a second trip to a donation drop,” Emma Robinson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when you take your old clothes to the thrift store, they may not actually end up on the rack -- but perhaps they’ll continue their lives as garments halfway across the world, or find their way into a couch cushion.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where to Donate\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Most thrift stores like Goodwill and the Salvation Army participate in textile recycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Find an ample list \u003ca href=\"https://satruck.org/DropOff/Index?zip=94105\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a> of Salvation Army donation sites around the Bay Area. Donations are even \u003ca href=\"https://satruck.org/Home/DonationValueGuide#mens-clothing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tax deductible\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11498380\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-11498380\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-1020x1020.jpg\" alt=\"There a number of organizations that will take used clothing, and recycle anything not fit for reuse.\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-1180x1180.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-960x960.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-240x240.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-375x375.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-520x520.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622-150x150.jpg 150w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-520581622.jpg 1732w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">There a number of organizations that will take used clothing, and recycle anything not fit for reuse. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But let’s take one step back. It’s possible, even when clothes wouldn’t make the cut at Buffalo Exchange or Goodwill, that someone in your own backyard might appreciate having them for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizations that serve the needy, like the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mnhc.org/community_programs/mission-neighborhood-resource-center/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mission Neighborhood Resource Center\u003c/a>, also accept clothing donations. It’s best to call in advance to see if the shelters are in need of items you have to offer, and swing by to drop them off during business hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco has a \u003ca href=\"http://www.homelessshelterdirectory.org/cgi-bin/id/city.cgi?city=San%20Francisco&state=CA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">number of shelters\u003c/a> and assistance programs for men, women, children and young people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another option to consider is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.hssv.org/give/give-items/\">Humane Society of Silicon Valley\u003c/a>. They accept old towels, blankets and comforters, to keep their furry residents warm -- and my guess is that the pups wouldn’t much mind a stain here or a rip there.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Repurposing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>We’ve covered recycling, but another important way to cut down on textile waste is to reuse and reduce. In a nutshell, the less we buy, the less we waste. And there are tons of creative ways to reuse the worn items you do have, without ever leaving the house – even the gnarliest of old T-shirts makes a great rag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11498394\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11498394\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Unwanted textiles can be repurposed for pets.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/iStock-527690604-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Unwanted textiles can be repurposed for pets. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]With summer just around the corner, Southern California beaches are ready to welcome the yearly arrival of some very unique and amorous guests. That’s right, the grunion are running!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California grunion are fish that spend their lives in the ocean. But when the tides are at their highest during spring and summer, grunion make a trip up onto beaches to mate and lay eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grunion mate on beaches throughout Southern California and down into Mexico. The grunion runs are especially popular in coastal communities like Santa Barbara and San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During warm summer nights, crowds emerge to witness the grunion run. Some are there just to watch. Others scramble in the darkness to catch the fish and bring them home for a date with the grill or frying pan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grunion ride in on the biggest waves, wiggling and flopping to get as far up onto the sand as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1689035\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-run-500.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1689035\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-run-500.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"277\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California grunion spawning events can completely cover a section of beach. \u003ccite>(Michael Murrie/Pepperdine University)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They’re not particularly agile on land but they’re able to do what they need to do,” said Karen Martin, a biology professor at Pepperdine University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martin said she doesn’t get much sleep this time of year because California grunion typically run at night. Instead she can be found leading groups of students and researchers out to the coast where they use night-vision scopes and headlamps to search for the fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By tracking the tides, Martin is able to estimate the time \u003ca href=\"http://www.grunion.org/\">when grunion are most likely to run\u003c/a>. But the exact timing and locations are anyone’s guess.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to know where to look,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not like they run across the entire beach, usually it’s just one little area where you might be able to find them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Female grunion use their tails to burrow down into the loose wet sand until they are buried up to their gills. That’s when they lay their translucent orange-yolked eggs. The eggs are tiny— each one a little smaller than a pea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The male grunion do their best to join up with the females and that’s no easy feat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1689039\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-flop-500.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1689039\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-flop-500.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"278\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A grunion searches for a mate by flopping on the damp sand. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Grunion don’t appear particularly well adapted to getting around on the damp sand. Instead they bend their bodies and hurl themselves into the dark in search of mates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they do meet up, the males curl their bodies around the females and fertilize the eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1689041\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-laying-eggs-500.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1689041\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-laying-eggs-500.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"277\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Female grunion burrow into the semi-liquid sand to deposit their eggs. \u003ccite>(Michael Murrie/ Pepperdine University)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They’re not out very long,” Martin said. “But they’re not breathing air. They won’t survive very long like that, but when they’re out they don’t appear to be stressed out and panicking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the deed is done, the grunion wiggle back out and catch the next big wave home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whole undertaking is a sight to behold and prompts the question of why a fish would want to risk coming out on land just to leave their next generation stranded in the dry sand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I guess they just do it for the kids’ sake,” Martin said. “They get to develop in a protected area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ocean is full of predators who would like to gobble up a tasty fish egg. The grunion eggs tend to be safer up on the beach if they can make it there without raising the attention of predators like birds and raccoons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each egg is encased in a thick clear layer called a chorion that serves to protect them from damage while allowing oxygen through to the developing fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you touch them they almost feel like they’re made of plastic,” Martin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1689042\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-egg-eye-500.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1689042\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-egg-eye-500.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"280\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The eyes of a developing grunion are clearly visible through the translucent chorion layer. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The chorion makes the eggs tough enough to survive being buried under the sand and keeps them from drying out while they develop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that sand may not be as dry as it seems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The surface might be totally dry but if you dig down a few inches where the eggs are then it’s still damp,” Martin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The baby grunion wait for the next cycle of high tides to take them back out to sea. That typically means a two-week wait. But if that set of high tides turns out to be a dud, the grunion eggs can stay put for an extra two weeks to catch the following cycle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the high tides do return, the grunion get swept out by the waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cold seawater is the signal to hatch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1689044\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-hatch01-500.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1689044\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-hatch01-500.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"276\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">When exposed to seawater, grunion secrete enzymes from glands in their tails that eat through the chorion allowing them to break free from the protective layer. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Spurred on by the agitation of getting bounced around in the waves, the grunion come bursting out of their chorions and swim off to live their lives in the sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mating runs were first described in the early part of the 20th century, but the timing wasn’t linked to the tides until the 1940s. By then it was also becoming clear that people were catching grunion faster than they could be replaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To protect the grunion, the fishing season closes every year during the peak of the expected spawning period. During the open season there is no take limit but grunion can only be caught with hands without the use of nets or traps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to their dangerous mating strategy, grunion populations also contend with loss of sandy beach habitats and coastal pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These animals depend on their beaches,” said Martin. “The experience of watching them come surfing in on the waves… it goes along with our whole California thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more info about grunion head over to http://www.grunion.org/\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>With summer just around the corner, Southern California beaches are ready to welcome the yearly arrival of some very unique and amorous guests. That’s right, the grunion are running!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California grunion are fish that spend their lives in the ocean. But when the tides are at their highest during spring and summer, grunion make a trip up onto beaches to mate and lay eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grunion mate on beaches throughout Southern California and down into Mexico. The grunion runs are especially popular in coastal communities like Santa Barbara and San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During warm summer nights, crowds emerge to witness the grunion run. Some are there just to watch. Others scramble in the darkness to catch the fish and bring them home for a date with the grill or frying pan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grunion ride in on the biggest waves, wiggling and flopping to get as far up onto the sand as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1689035\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-run-500.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1689035\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-run-500.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"277\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California grunion spawning events can completely cover a section of beach. \u003ccite>(Michael Murrie/Pepperdine University)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They’re not particularly agile on land but they’re able to do what they need to do,” said Karen Martin, a biology professor at Pepperdine University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martin said she doesn’t get much sleep this time of year because California grunion typically run at night. Instead she can be found leading groups of students and researchers out to the coast where they use night-vision scopes and headlamps to search for the fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By tracking the tides, Martin is able to estimate the time \u003ca href=\"http://www.grunion.org/\">when grunion are most likely to run\u003c/a>. But the exact timing and locations are anyone’s guess.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to know where to look,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not like they run across the entire beach, usually it’s just one little area where you might be able to find them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Female grunion use their tails to burrow down into the loose wet sand until they are buried up to their gills. That’s when they lay their translucent orange-yolked eggs. The eggs are tiny— each one a little smaller than a pea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The male grunion do their best to join up with the females and that’s no easy feat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1689039\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-flop-500.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1689039\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-flop-500.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"278\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A grunion searches for a mate by flopping on the damp sand. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Grunion don’t appear particularly well adapted to getting around on the damp sand. Instead they bend their bodies and hurl themselves into the dark in search of mates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they do meet up, the males curl their bodies around the females and fertilize the eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1689041\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-laying-eggs-500.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1689041\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-laying-eggs-500.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"277\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Female grunion burrow into the semi-liquid sand to deposit their eggs. \u003ccite>(Michael Murrie/ Pepperdine University)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They’re not out very long,” Martin said. “But they’re not breathing air. They won’t survive very long like that, but when they’re out they don’t appear to be stressed out and panicking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the deed is done, the grunion wiggle back out and catch the next big wave home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whole undertaking is a sight to behold and prompts the question of why a fish would want to risk coming out on land just to leave their next generation stranded in the dry sand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I guess they just do it for the kids’ sake,” Martin said. “They get to develop in a protected area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ocean is full of predators who would like to gobble up a tasty fish egg. The grunion eggs tend to be safer up on the beach if they can make it there without raising the attention of predators like birds and raccoons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each egg is encased in a thick clear layer called a chorion that serves to protect them from damage while allowing oxygen through to the developing fish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you touch them they almost feel like they’re made of plastic,” Martin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1689042\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-egg-eye-500.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1689042\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-egg-eye-500.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"280\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The eyes of a developing grunion are clearly visible through the translucent chorion layer. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The chorion makes the eggs tough enough to survive being buried under the sand and keeps them from drying out while they develop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that sand may not be as dry as it seems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The surface might be totally dry but if you dig down a few inches where the eggs are then it’s still damp,” Martin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The baby grunion wait for the next cycle of high tides to take them back out to sea. That typically means a two-week wait. But if that set of high tides turns out to be a dud, the grunion eggs can stay put for an extra two weeks to catch the following cycle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the high tides do return, the grunion get swept out by the waves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cold seawater is the signal to hatch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1689044\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-hatch01-500.gif\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1689044\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL411-Grunion-hatch01-500.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"276\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">When exposed to seawater, grunion secrete enzymes from glands in their tails that eat through the chorion allowing them to break free from the protective layer. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Spurred on by the agitation of getting bounced around in the waves, the grunion come bursting out of their chorions and swim off to live their lives in the sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mating runs were first described in the early part of the 20th century, but the timing wasn’t linked to the tides until the 1940s. By then it was also becoming clear that people were catching grunion faster than they could be replaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To protect the grunion, the fishing season closes every year during the peak of the expected spawning period. During the open season there is no take limit but grunion can only be caught with hands without the use of nets or traps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to their dangerous mating strategy, grunion populations also contend with loss of sandy beach habitats and coastal pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These animals depend on their beaches,” said Martin. “The experience of watching them come surfing in on the waves… it goes along with our whole California thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more info about grunion head over to http://www.grunion.org/\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "How Our Caffeine Habit Affects California's Waterways",
"headTitle": "How Our Caffeine Habit Affects California’s Waterways | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>What would we do without caffeine? Millions of Americans rely on it in coffee, tea and energy drinks to prepare for a day at work, keep focused on a long drive or simply stay awake after a big lunch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a dark side to the world’s most popular legal stimulant is slowly emerging.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">More than one-third of water samples from open-space areas in Southern California tested positive for caffeine.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It turns out that our bodies don’t absorb all the caffeine we consume. Some gets expelled in our urine and ends up entering sewage systems or the environment, posing a threat to wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sewage treatment plants generally do a good job removing caffeine, and the treated wastewater they release back to the environment is generally free of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in a number of recent studies, caffeine has been detected in water sampled from remote streams – far from urban areas and sewer systems. This suggests our appetite for caffeine has crossed some unseen threshold, and is beginning to impact the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are no natural sources of caffeine in North America. So any found in water samples surely came from humans, whether in beverages, food or pharmaceuticals. That’s one result of a study recently conducted by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/sandiego/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we started getting results, we realized it’s way more prevalent than just from leaky sewer lines and septic systems,” said Carey Nagoda, a water resource control engineer for the water board. “So that was kind of a puzzle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nagoda analyzed nearly 100 water samples over a seven-year period from throughout San Diego County and part of Orange County. They came from a range of sites encompassing raw sewage and treated wastewater in urban areas, as well as streams in remote open-space areas where there is no human development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1696588\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1696588\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS-520x346.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS.jpg 980w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cedar Creek Falls, a popular hiking destination in Cleveland National Forest, is one area where the San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board has detected caffeine in the water. \u003ccite>(U.S. Forest Service)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The results, presented at the water board’s February meeting, showed that samples from urban areas tested positive for caffeine, which was not surprising, Nagoda said. Samples from untreated (raw) sewage contained between 0.052 and 8.5 micrograms per liter, while those taken near active septic systems ranged from 0.029 to 1.19 micrograms per liter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What did surprise her was that more than one-third of the samples from open-space areas tested positive for caffeine. The samples from these areas ranged from 0.032 to 0.662 micrograms per liter, or similar to those samples taken near septic systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were completely shocked by that,” Nagoda said. “What really ended up falling out was that the areas known for high recreational use – like fishing, horseback riding, hiking, camping – were the ones that had caffeine hits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This suggests visitors in these areas may not practicing good habits, whether by urinating too close to streams or leaving waste behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The results also suggest that other contaminants found in human waste, such as pharmaceuticals and pathogens, could be polluting these areas..\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For several years, water quality officials have used caffeine as a “marker” in water sampling. When they find caffeine in a sample, it usually means a leaking sewer line nearby, and it’s often associated with more harmful pollutants in sewage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caffeine has also been detected at remote locations in Oregon. In a 2012 study of coastal pollution, caffeine was found in beach waters near urban areas, and in coastal streams and estuaries. The highest concentrations, however, were found not near urban areas but in more remote coastal areas. These samples showed around .045 micrograms per liter – at the low end of the range found in remote areas of San Diego County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That indicates poor-performing septic systems in rural areas, said Elise Granek, the study’s lead author and a marine ecologist at Portland State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Numerous studies have shown that caffeine is toxic to a variety of wildlife at high concentrations. The effects are less clear in cases of continual exposure at low levels – like those documented in nature by Granek and Nagoda – because little research has been done in this area. So far, clear toxic thresholds have yet to be firmly established.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a separate study by graduate student Zoe Rodriguez del Rey and overseen by Granek, a common species of near-shore mussel was exposed to low levels of caffeine, similar to those found in both the Oregon and San Diego water samples. The mussels initially expended energy producing a protein designed to protect their DNA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At greater caffeine exposure levels – yet still within the range found in coastal water samples –— the mussels stopped producing the protective protein. As a result, they may have faced a risk of genetic mutation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They get so stressed out at a cellular level that they can’t protect their DNA with this protein,” Granek said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other research at UC Irvine found that caffeine in seawater may contribute to coral bleaching.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Granek planned to do followup studies to learn more about chronic effects on mussels. Ironically, ambient caffeine levels at her urban Portland lab made that impossible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It so happens that a Starbucks coffee franchise sits directly across the street from Granek’s lab. Caffeine is so easily aerosolized, she said, that it became impossible to obtain reliable “control” (or clean) conditions in the lab as a baseline for the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She hopes other scientists are able to continue this kind of research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are so many things that are stressing out organisms and ecosystems, it’s not on a lot of people’s radar to be looking at these [caffeine] compounds,” she said. “It seems like people focus on things that they think are sexier compounds, like Prozac.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, there are also no water-quality standards established for caffeine in wastewater effluent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, what’s a caffeine-lover to do? An easy starting point is to adopt better waste disposal habits, says Helen Yu, a water resources control engineer at the San Diego water board, who is studying caffeine and other contaminants in the Tijuana River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, don’t dump leftover caffeine beverages or containers where they could enter streams or storm drains. And when enjoying the outdoors, exercise proper bathroom practices. That means using a designated restroom or outhouse whenever available. If that’s not possible, choose a proper site at least 200 feet from any waterway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Residents should do their part to help reduce caffeine release to the environment,” said Yu. “The cumulative effect on ecosystem health is not known at this time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2017/06/05/your-caffeine-habit-may-be-harming-waterways-wildlife\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Recent testing has found low levels of caffeine, even in relatively remote waterways around the West. Studies show it may be harmful to some wildlife species, but more research is needed.",
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"description": "Recent testing has found low levels of caffeine, even in relatively remote waterways around the West. Studies show it may be harmful to some wildlife species, but more research is needed.",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/contributor/matt-weiser\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Matt Weiser\u003c/a>\u003c/br>Water Deeply",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>What would we do without caffeine? Millions of Americans rely on it in coffee, tea and energy drinks to prepare for a day at work, keep focused on a long drive or simply stay awake after a big lunch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a dark side to the world’s most popular legal stimulant is slowly emerging.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">More than one-third of water samples from open-space areas in Southern California tested positive for caffeine.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It turns out that our bodies don’t absorb all the caffeine we consume. Some gets expelled in our urine and ends up entering sewage systems or the environment, posing a threat to wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sewage treatment plants generally do a good job removing caffeine, and the treated wastewater they release back to the environment is generally free of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in a number of recent studies, caffeine has been detected in water sampled from remote streams – far from urban areas and sewer systems. This suggests our appetite for caffeine has crossed some unseen threshold, and is beginning to impact the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are no natural sources of caffeine in North America. So any found in water samples surely came from humans, whether in beverages, food or pharmaceuticals. That’s one result of a study recently conducted by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/sandiego/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we started getting results, we realized it’s way more prevalent than just from leaky sewer lines and septic systems,” said Carey Nagoda, a water resource control engineer for the water board. “So that was kind of a puzzle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nagoda analyzed nearly 100 water samples over a seven-year period from throughout San Diego County and part of Orange County. They came from a range of sites encompassing raw sewage and treated wastewater in urban areas, as well as streams in remote open-space areas where there is no human development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1696588\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1696588\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS-520x346.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/CedarCreekUSFS.jpg 980w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cedar Creek Falls, a popular hiking destination in Cleveland National Forest, is one area where the San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board has detected caffeine in the water. \u003ccite>(U.S. Forest Service)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The results, presented at the water board’s February meeting, showed that samples from urban areas tested positive for caffeine, which was not surprising, Nagoda said. Samples from untreated (raw) sewage contained between 0.052 and 8.5 micrograms per liter, while those taken near active septic systems ranged from 0.029 to 1.19 micrograms per liter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What did surprise her was that more than one-third of the samples from open-space areas tested positive for caffeine. The samples from these areas ranged from 0.032 to 0.662 micrograms per liter, or similar to those samples taken near septic systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were completely shocked by that,” Nagoda said. “What really ended up falling out was that the areas known for high recreational use – like fishing, horseback riding, hiking, camping – were the ones that had caffeine hits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This suggests visitors in these areas may not practicing good habits, whether by urinating too close to streams or leaving waste behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The results also suggest that other contaminants found in human waste, such as pharmaceuticals and pathogens, could be polluting these areas..\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For several years, water quality officials have used caffeine as a “marker” in water sampling. When they find caffeine in a sample, it usually means a leaking sewer line nearby, and it’s often associated with more harmful pollutants in sewage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caffeine has also been detected at remote locations in Oregon. In a 2012 study of coastal pollution, caffeine was found in beach waters near urban areas, and in coastal streams and estuaries. The highest concentrations, however, were found not near urban areas but in more remote coastal areas. These samples showed around .045 micrograms per liter – at the low end of the range found in remote areas of San Diego County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That indicates poor-performing septic systems in rural areas, said Elise Granek, the study’s lead author and a marine ecologist at Portland State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Numerous studies have shown that caffeine is toxic to a variety of wildlife at high concentrations. The effects are less clear in cases of continual exposure at low levels – like those documented in nature by Granek and Nagoda – because little research has been done in this area. So far, clear toxic thresholds have yet to be firmly established.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a separate study by graduate student Zoe Rodriguez del Rey and overseen by Granek, a common species of near-shore mussel was exposed to low levels of caffeine, similar to those found in both the Oregon and San Diego water samples. The mussels initially expended energy producing a protein designed to protect their DNA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At greater caffeine exposure levels – yet still within the range found in coastal water samples –— the mussels stopped producing the protective protein. As a result, they may have faced a risk of genetic mutation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They get so stressed out at a cellular level that they can’t protect their DNA with this protein,” Granek said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other research at UC Irvine found that caffeine in seawater may contribute to coral bleaching.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Granek planned to do followup studies to learn more about chronic effects on mussels. Ironically, ambient caffeine levels at her urban Portland lab made that impossible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It so happens that a Starbucks coffee franchise sits directly across the street from Granek’s lab. Caffeine is so easily aerosolized, she said, that it became impossible to obtain reliable “control” (or clean) conditions in the lab as a baseline for the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She hopes other scientists are able to continue this kind of research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are so many things that are stressing out organisms and ecosystems, it’s not on a lot of people’s radar to be looking at these [caffeine] compounds,” she said. “It seems like people focus on things that they think are sexier compounds, like Prozac.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, there are also no water-quality standards established for caffeine in wastewater effluent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, what’s a caffeine-lover to do? An easy starting point is to adopt better waste disposal habits, says Helen Yu, a water resources control engineer at the San Diego water board, who is studying caffeine and other contaminants in the Tijuana River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, don’t dump leftover caffeine beverages or containers where they could enter streams or storm drains. And when enjoying the outdoors, exercise proper bathroom practices. That means using a designated restroom or outhouse whenever available. If that’s not possible, choose a proper site at least 200 feet from any waterway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Residents should do their part to help reduce caffeine release to the environment,” said Yu. “The cumulative effect on ecosystem health is not known at this time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2017/06/05/your-caffeine-habit-may-be-harming-waterways-wildlife\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
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"soldout": {
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