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"content": "\u003cp>Cal ISO has declared a “flex alert,” \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/20/what-to-know-about-californias-long-heat-wave/\">urging Californians to conserve energy\u003c/a> so the state’s electrical grid can handle increased demand. It’s time to turn up those thermostats and delay doing laundry until evening — either that or we may be in for some sweltering blackouts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"slug": "a-real-alien-invasion-is-coming-to-a-palm-tree-near-you",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]Summer means vacation time, and nothing says, “Welcome to paradise!” quite like a palm tree. From Waikiki to Mar-a-Lago, the trees’ iconic fronds instantly signal luxury, glamor and the good life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though it’s home to only one native species, California has nonetheless adopted the palm as one of its quintessential icons. Just turn on “La La Land” and start counting how many you see on screen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680204\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680204\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Canary Island date palm is one of the more iconic features of the California landscape. \u003ccite>(Mark Hoddle/UC Riverside)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But a new snake in California’s palm tree-lined garden may soon put all that myth-making to the test. Dozens of palms in San Diego’s Sweetwater Summit Regional Park, about 10 miles from the U.S.- Mexico border, are looking more like sad, upside-down umbrellas than the usual bursts of botanical joy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They just look like brown starfish,” said Mark Hoddle, a biologist at the University of California, Riverside’s Center for Invasive Species Research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The offender is the South American palm weevil, a recent arrival to the U.S. that’s long been widespread in the tropics. Large, black, shiny and possessed of an impressive proboscis (nose), the weevil prefers the king of palms, the Canary Island date palm, also known as the “pineapple palm” for the distinctive way it’s often pruned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680207\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680207\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The South American palm weevil has recently appeared in San Diego. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A palm tree is basically a gigantic cake-pop, an enormous ball of veggie goodness on a stick. The adult female palm weevil uses her long snout to drill tunnels into that goodness—known to science as the “apical meristem” and to your grocer as the “heart” of palm—where she lays her eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When her larvae hatch, their food surrounds them. And they start to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They turn the inside of the tree to mush, and the mush ferments, and it stinks,” Hoddle said, adding colorfully, “It smells like baby diarrhea.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As its leaf-sprouting heart shrivels, the ailing tree takes on the characteristic wilt that Hoddle has observed in the Sweetwater palms. Inside, the weevil larvae grow into pupae, mature inside cocoons and depart on the wing to a fresh host.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Left half alive, the palm can never regain its splendorous form.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680208\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680208\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The red-headed larvae of the South American palm weevil eat the trees from the inside out. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>From aerial surveys conducted by drone, Hoddle estimates that more than 50 trees have been hit in Sweetwater Summit Regional Park. Other suspected infestation zones in San Diego, including the extensive Otay Valley Regional Park seven miles south, and the county’s innumerable streets, parks and golf courses, remain unsurveyed. The total number may be closer to 150.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>South American palm weevils are vulnerable to pesticides, but once the eggs and larvae are inside the tree, they’re just about impossible to find. Pesticides work better as a preventative measure sprayed on neighboring trees to keep the adults away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark and his research partner (and spouse) Christina Hoddle have seen it happen before. In 2010, an arborist removing an unsightly palm in Laguna Beach, California, discovered beetles and larvae in the tree litter. The adults were distinctive, even beautiful, for their red markings. Three months later, a beetle was found on another sickly tree less than a tenth of a mile away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The beetles in Laguna turned out to be the red palm weevil, a separate species related to the current San Diego invader.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the world’s most devastating pest to palm trees,” said Hoddle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680209\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680209\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Footage taken by drone shows numerous weevil-infested trees in one San Diego park. \u003ccite>(Mark Hoddle/UC Riverside)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>How that weevil got to Laguna remains a mystery. The nearest population is in Bali, an impossible distance for a weevil to travel on its own. So it had help getting here—possibly onboard an imported palm, though the FDA has had a ban on such imports in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Hoddles suspect that Laguna’s red palm weevil may have been brought in deliberately by other means—such as in a suitcase, possibly as a food source. Around the world, the yellow-bodied, red-headed larvae of many weevil species are a culinary delicacy harvested from afflicted wild palms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Laguna was lucky. As an isolated outbreak, the infestation was containable. The city’s $1 million eradication program included two tree removals, and preemptive chemical spraying on thirteen more. The plan took three years to be declared a success, when no new weevils turned up in that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also lucky in the Laguna infestation was California’s $34 million date industry, centered in Indio, not to mention the much larger ornamental trade, valued at $70 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With this new weevil threat in San Diego however, that luck may be running out. Rather than an isolated appearance, this outbreak marks the leading edge of a probably irreversible expansion by the weevil. The Hoddles believe that it’s hopscotching north, from tree to transplanted tree, on its own wings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Human activity has basically provided corridors of food though habitat that would have acted as a natural barrier,” Mark Hoddle said. “And that’s allowed it to creep its way all the way up to San Diego from its native range.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680210\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680210\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The South American palm weevil pupa gestates in a cocoon. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If the South American palm weevil consolidates its foothold in California, then the worst might still be to come. While these weevils generally stick to the Canary Island palms, they can harbor a parasitic worm that causes red ring disease—a fatal infection that can strike almost any palm, including the state’s precious native, the California fan, as well as more commercially valuable trees. So far, no red ring disease has shown up in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just across the border, Tijuana is already in the shadow of the South American palm weevil’s spread. Last year Mark Hoddle took an informal survey of Tijuana’s streets by car and found a chilling view of the future. In eight hours he counted 140 dead trees, some with only a scant few grey fronds, others so long dead and dry that they’d caught fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the moment, no eradication efforts are underway in San Diego, though the Hoddles continue to monitor the situation while conducting research on how far and fast the weevils spread. Their preliminary data suggests that the adult weevils can fly between two and 15 miles a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means, from the current infestation sites, most of San Diego is an easy leap for them. “It may only occur when they have killed everything locally and need to disperse to new pastures,” Hoddle said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "A Real Alien Invasion Is Coming to a Palm Tree Near You | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Summer means vacation time, and nothing says, “Welcome to paradise!” quite like a palm tree. From Waikiki to Mar-a-Lago, the trees’ iconic fronds instantly signal luxury, glamor and the good life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though it’s home to only one native species, California has nonetheless adopted the palm as one of its quintessential icons. Just turn on “La La Land” and start counting how many you see on screen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680204\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680204\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Canary Island date palm is one of the more iconic features of the California landscape. \u003ccite>(Mark Hoddle/UC Riverside)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But a new snake in California’s palm tree-lined garden may soon put all that myth-making to the test. Dozens of palms in San Diego’s Sweetwater Summit Regional Park, about 10 miles from the U.S.- Mexico border, are looking more like sad, upside-down umbrellas than the usual bursts of botanical joy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They just look like brown starfish,” said Mark Hoddle, a biologist at the University of California, Riverside’s Center for Invasive Species Research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The offender is the South American palm weevil, a recent arrival to the U.S. that’s long been widespread in the tropics. Large, black, shiny and possessed of an impressive proboscis (nose), the weevil prefers the king of palms, the Canary Island date palm, also known as the “pineapple palm” for the distinctive way it’s often pruned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680207\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680207\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The South American palm weevil has recently appeared in San Diego. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A palm tree is basically a gigantic cake-pop, an enormous ball of veggie goodness on a stick. The adult female palm weevil uses her long snout to drill tunnels into that goodness—known to science as the “apical meristem” and to your grocer as the “heart” of palm—where she lays her eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When her larvae hatch, their food surrounds them. And they start to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They turn the inside of the tree to mush, and the mush ferments, and it stinks,” Hoddle said, adding colorfully, “It smells like baby diarrhea.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As its leaf-sprouting heart shrivels, the ailing tree takes on the characteristic wilt that Hoddle has observed in the Sweetwater palms. Inside, the weevil larvae grow into pupae, mature inside cocoons and depart on the wing to a fresh host.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Left half alive, the palm can never regain its splendorous form.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680208\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680208\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The red-headed larvae of the South American palm weevil eat the trees from the inside out. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>From aerial surveys conducted by drone, Hoddle estimates that more than 50 trees have been hit in Sweetwater Summit Regional Park. Other suspected infestation zones in San Diego, including the extensive Otay Valley Regional Park seven miles south, and the county’s innumerable streets, parks and golf courses, remain unsurveyed. The total number may be closer to 150.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>South American palm weevils are vulnerable to pesticides, but once the eggs and larvae are inside the tree, they’re just about impossible to find. Pesticides work better as a preventative measure sprayed on neighboring trees to keep the adults away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark and his research partner (and spouse) Christina Hoddle have seen it happen before. In 2010, an arborist removing an unsightly palm in Laguna Beach, California, discovered beetles and larvae in the tree litter. The adults were distinctive, even beautiful, for their red markings. Three months later, a beetle was found on another sickly tree less than a tenth of a mile away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The beetles in Laguna turned out to be the red palm weevil, a separate species related to the current San Diego invader.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the world’s most devastating pest to palm trees,” said Hoddle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680209\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680209\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Footage taken by drone shows numerous weevil-infested trees in one San Diego park. \u003ccite>(Mark Hoddle/UC Riverside)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>How that weevil got to Laguna remains a mystery. The nearest population is in Bali, an impossible distance for a weevil to travel on its own. So it had help getting here—possibly onboard an imported palm, though the FDA has had a ban on such imports in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Hoddles suspect that Laguna’s red palm weevil may have been brought in deliberately by other means—such as in a suitcase, possibly as a food source. Around the world, the yellow-bodied, red-headed larvae of many weevil species are a culinary delicacy harvested from afflicted wild palms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Laguna was lucky. As an isolated outbreak, the infestation was containable. The city’s $1 million eradication program included two tree removals, and preemptive chemical spraying on thirteen more. The plan took three years to be declared a success, when no new weevils turned up in that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also lucky in the Laguna infestation was California’s $34 million date industry, centered in Indio, not to mention the much larger ornamental trade, valued at $70 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With this new weevil threat in San Diego however, that luck may be running out. Rather than an isolated appearance, this outbreak marks the leading edge of a probably irreversible expansion by the weevil. The Hoddles believe that it’s hopscotching north, from tree to transplanted tree, on its own wings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Human activity has basically provided corridors of food though habitat that would have acted as a natural barrier,” Mark Hoddle said. “And that’s allowed it to creep its way all the way up to San Diego from its native range.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680210\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680210\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The South American palm weevil pupa gestates in a cocoon. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If the South American palm weevil consolidates its foothold in California, then the worst might still be to come. While these weevils generally stick to the Canary Island palms, they can harbor a parasitic worm that causes red ring disease—a fatal infection that can strike almost any palm, including the state’s precious native, the California fan, as well as more commercially valuable trees. So far, no red ring disease has shown up in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just across the border, Tijuana is already in the shadow of the South American palm weevil’s spread. Last year Mark Hoddle took an informal survey of Tijuana’s streets by car and found a chilling view of the future. In eight hours he counted 140 dead trees, some with only a scant few grey fronds, others so long dead and dry that they’d caught fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the moment, no eradication efforts are underway in San Diego, though the Hoddles continue to monitor the situation while conducting research on how far and fast the weevils spread. Their preliminary data suggests that the adult weevils can fly between two and 15 miles a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means, from the current infestation sites, most of San Diego is an easy leap for them. “It may only occur when they have killed everything locally and need to disperse to new pastures,” Hoddle said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>First:\u003c/strong> If you want to see some real heat this week, head for Death Valley. The \u003ca target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http://forecast.weather.gov/MapClick.php?lon=-116.85653322753909&lat=36.26361095556311\">National Weather Service forecast\u003c/a> for the really hot parts of \u003ca target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http://www.discovery.com/tv-shows/north-america/top-10/top-10-most-extreme-places-in-north-america-hottest-place/\">the hottest place in North America\u003c/a> is for a high of 127 this week, with lows in the low to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/19/bay-area-northern-california-june-heat-wave/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" id=\"rssmi_more\">Read More …\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source:: \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/19/bay-area-northern-california-june-heat-wave/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"The Scorching Continues: Record High Temperatures Across Bay Area\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Newsfix – Science\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>First:\u003c/strong> If you want to see some real heat this week, head for Death Valley. The \u003ca target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http://forecast.weather.gov/MapClick.php?lon=-116.85653322753909&lat=36.26361095556311\">National Weather Service forecast\u003c/a> for the really hot parts of \u003ca target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http://www.discovery.com/tv-shows/north-america/top-10/top-10-most-extreme-places-in-north-america-hottest-place/\">the hottest place in North America\u003c/a> is for a high of 127 this week, with lows in the low to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/19/bay-area-northern-california-june-heat-wave/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" id=\"rssmi_more\">Read More …\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source:: \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/19/bay-area-northern-california-june-heat-wave/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"The Scorching Continues: Record High Temperatures Across Bay Area\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Newsfix – Science\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>With temperatures in Death Valley \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/19/extreme-heat-tourism-its-a-thing-in-death-valley/\" target=\"_blank\">topping 120 degrees on Sunday\u003c/a>, California is welcoming the arrival of summer with a heat wave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the National Weather Service, parts of the Central Valley \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/19/bay-area-northern-california-june-heat-wave/\" target=\"_blank\">will see triple-digit temperatures for several days\u003c/a>. Compared to the heat of the inland valleys, San Francisco's \"hot\" temperatures seem downright cool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>LAS VEGAS -- Desert dwellers in the western U.S. see temperatures topping 120 degrees (49 Celsius) as a reason to hunker down indoors and turn up the air conditioning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some tourists welcome it as a bucket-list opportunity to experience Death Valley -- famously the hottest place in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many will get their chance in the days ahead as a vicious heatwave bakes parts of Arizona, California and Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mercury at Death Valley National Park reached 124 degrees (51 Celsius) on Sunday, and temperatures are expected to keep climbing through midweek as a dry, high-pressure system lingers over much of the Southwest. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many places saw triple-digit temperatures on Sunday, and the heatwave was blamed for power outages in several areas in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's very few places on Earth to go to experience those temperatures, and Death Valley is one of those,\" said John Adair, a National Weather Service meteorologist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Business booms as temperatures soar in July and August at Panamint Springs Resort, near the entrance of Death Valley National Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When it's 120 to 125 (degrees), there's more customers than there ever is,\" said Mike Orozco, who works at the resort that includes a restaurant, gas station, camp sites and cabins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orozco said locals jokingly refer to the summer spike as \"European season,\" when a flood of tourists from Germany, France, Sweden and other places arrive in Death Valley to experience heat unheard of in Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11520444\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad-800x429.jpg\" alt=\"California State Route 190 near Panamint Springs Resort in Death Valley.\" width=\"800\" height=\"429\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11520444\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad-800x429.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad-160x86.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad-1020x547.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad-1180x632.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad-960x515.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad-240x129.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad-375x201.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad-520x279.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California State Route 190 near Panamint Springs Resort in Death Valley. \u003ccite>(Tuxyso/Wikimedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Some people consider being out there in those conditions a kind of suffering. Other people can get a kind of euphoria, or a reward, out of it,\" said Ed Carreon, a commercial photographer in Los Angeles who regularly visits the park and prefers the scorching summer months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As a younger man, I would go out there to test myself\" by hiking peaks in the Panamint Range under blazing sun in triple-digit temperatures with the barest of supplies, Carreon said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now 58, he recognizes those broiling excursions as the folly of youth. He still makes the treks but usually in the morning before the day heats up \"and with the proper clothes, plenty of water and sunscreen.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost all of inland California was predicted to simmer at above normal temperatures. In Los Angeles County the airports in neighboring Palmdale and Lancaster each matched a record high of 108 degrees (42 Celsius) set in 1985.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"3LKvyaCfs1p1m2wZ5RpllqwAu0jNY2t0\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Las Vegas temperatures topped at 110 degrees (43 Celsius) on Sunday and could reach 117 degrees (47 Celsius) when the heatwave peaks by midweek. That would be the highest temperature ever recorded at McCarran International Airport since logging began in 1937.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Weather Service in Phoenix said the last time the temperature topped 120 was 1995, at 121 degrees. It could happen again on Tuesday. The record high is 122 degrees, set on June 26, 1990.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teresa Flores in Phoenix said she will make sure her two sons and daughter stay hydrated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Water, water, water, water,\" Flores said. \"So even when they think they're not thirsty, they're drinking water.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's very few places on Earth to go to experience those temperatures, and Death Valley is one of those,\" said John Adair, a National Weather Service meteorologist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Business booms as temperatures soar in July and August at Panamint Springs Resort, near the entrance of Death Valley National Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When it's 120 to 125 (degrees), there's more customers than there ever is,\" said Mike Orozco, who works at the resort that includes a restaurant, gas station, camp sites and cabins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orozco said locals jokingly refer to the summer spike as \"European season,\" when a flood of tourists from Germany, France, Sweden and other places arrive in Death Valley to experience heat unheard of in Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11520444\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad-800x429.jpg\" alt=\"California State Route 190 near Panamint Springs Resort in Death Valley.\" width=\"800\" height=\"429\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11520444\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad-800x429.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad-160x86.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad-1020x547.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad-1180x632.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad-960x515.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad-240x129.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad-375x201.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PanamintRoad-520x279.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California State Route 190 near Panamint Springs Resort in Death Valley. \u003ccite>(Tuxyso/Wikimedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Some people consider being out there in those conditions a kind of suffering. Other people can get a kind of euphoria, or a reward, out of it,\" said Ed Carreon, a commercial photographer in Los Angeles who regularly visits the park and prefers the scorching summer months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As a younger man, I would go out there to test myself\" by hiking peaks in the Panamint Range under blazing sun in triple-digit temperatures with the barest of supplies, Carreon said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now 58, he recognizes those broiling excursions as the folly of youth. He still makes the treks but usually in the morning before the day heats up \"and with the proper clothes, plenty of water and sunscreen.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost all of inland California was predicted to simmer at above normal temperatures. In Los Angeles County the airports in neighboring Palmdale and Lancaster each matched a record high of 108 degrees (42 Celsius) set in 1985.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Las Vegas temperatures topped at 110 degrees (43 Celsius) on Sunday and could reach 117 degrees (47 Celsius) when the heatwave peaks by midweek. That would be the highest temperature ever recorded at McCarran International Airport since logging began in 1937.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Weather Service in Phoenix said the last time the temperature topped 120 was 1995, at 121 degrees. It could happen again on Tuesday. The record high is 122 degrees, set on June 26, 1990.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teresa Flores in Phoenix said she will make sure her two sons and daughter stay hydrated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Water, water, water, water,\" Flores said. \"So even when they think they're not thirsty, they're drinking water.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Local air regulators have issued notices of violation to the Phillips 66 refinery in Rodeo and to the operator of an oil tanker for spilling crude oil they say caused an overpowering odor that sickened Vallejo residents last September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air Quality Management District says it has concluded its investigation into the incident and now believes the spill near the refinery's marine terminal is to blame for fumes that prompted more than 1,400 odor complaints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fumes and resulting odor led Vallejo officials to impose a shelter-in-place order for the city of 120,000. Some residents sought medical attention after suffering breathing problems, and the air district said Friday the incident led to 100 hospital visits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sept. 20 oil spill in San Pablo Bay led to investigations by the Coast Guard and the state's Office of Spill Prevention and Response. The Coast Guard probe blamed Phillips 66 and the operators of the tanker, the Yamuna Spirit, for the oil spill. Both companies rejected those findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But until now, no investigation had definitively linked the oil spill to the fumes that wafted over Vallejo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The air district thoroughly investigated this incident and determined the Phillips 66 refinery and the Yamuna Spirit oil tanker operator played a role in this event and both parties will be held accountable,\" said Jack Broadbent, the agency's executive officer, in a statement Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public nuisance violations issued Friday carry monetary penalties. The fines will likely be the subject of settlement talks involving the district, the refinery and the shipping company, air regulators said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, the air district told KQED it had completed its probe, though its staff had not produced a report or even written anything down concerning the incident. That disclosure prompted questions from state legislators, Vallejo residents and environmental advocates who had been seeking answers about the episode. The agency later \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/09/bay-area-air-district-baaqmd-says-it-is-still-investigating-vallejo-fumes/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">backtracked\u003c/a> and said its investigation was continuing.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Local air regulators have issued notices of violation to the Phillips 66 refinery in Rodeo and to the operator of an oil tanker for spilling crude oil they say caused an overpowering odor that sickened Vallejo residents last September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air Quality Management District says it has concluded its investigation into the incident and now believes the spill near the refinery's marine terminal is to blame for fumes that prompted more than 1,400 odor complaints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fumes and resulting odor led Vallejo officials to impose a shelter-in-place order for the city of 120,000. Some residents sought medical attention after suffering breathing problems, and the air district said Friday the incident led to 100 hospital visits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sept. 20 oil spill in San Pablo Bay led to investigations by the Coast Guard and the state's Office of Spill Prevention and Response. The Coast Guard probe blamed Phillips 66 and the operators of the tanker, the Yamuna Spirit, for the oil spill. Both companies rejected those findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But until now, no investigation had definitively linked the oil spill to the fumes that wafted over Vallejo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "It's Really Big and Really Stinks But People Can't Wait to See S.F.'s Corpse Flower",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 5:40 p.m. Thursday, June 15:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers issued a “Stink Alert” late Thursday afternoon about its corpse flower, which has been on the verge of blooming for days: Terra the Titan has started to open. It might not totally unfurl this evening, but its stench — which has been likened to rotting flesh — will be the strongest tonight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservatory will be open until 9 p.m., with the last entry at 8:30 p.m, to accommodate visitors to Terra, and will reopen at 10 a.m. Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s happening,” said its Facebook post. “Smell you soon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plant will reek for only a few days, but its collapse will also be something to see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post, June 13:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no prouder parent than Sidney Price. On Monday morning, he savored a private visit with his “baby” at the \u003ca href=\"http://conservatoryofflowers.org/\">San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I always thought she’d be an early bloomer,” said Price, as he gazed at Terra the Titan, a 9-year-old corpse flower poised to unleash an overpowering stench that has been compared to decaying animal flesh, filthy socks, rotting garbage and human feces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it doesn’t repel people. Quite the contrary. When a corpse flower blooms, it is always a botanical blockbuster, drawing thousands of people who can’t get enough of its putrid smell and unearthly beauty. The last time this rare event occurred at the conservatory was in 2005, drawing about 16,000 visitors in four days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EbKOVv5GII0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest unbranched inflorescence — or flowering structure — in the plant world, the corpse flower is also known as an \u003cem>Amorphophallus titanum\u003c/em> (giant misshapen penis) or \u003ca href=\"https://www.chicagobotanic.org/titan/about\">Titan Arum.\u003c/a> When one bloomed at the \u003ca href=\"http://botanicalgarden.berkeley.edu/\">UC Botanical Garden\u003c/a> in Berkeley in 2010, Price witnessed the phenomenon at its olfactory peak, which is usually no more than 48 hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was love at first sight,” recalled Price. “I’d never seen something so beautiful and that smelled so much. It was huuuuuge, as our president would say.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The odor reminded him of roadkill. “It smelled like dead possum,” Price said. “It was pretty pungent and intense. I grew up in Arkansas, so I know what dead possum smells like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though he lives in a small apartment in San Francisco’s Mission District, Price \u003cem>had\u003c/em> to have a corpse flower of his own. He bought a pot with two small plants at the shop in the botanical garden. The sprouts, the offspring of Trudy and Titania, had been propagated at UC a year and a half earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were sickly-looking, spindly and yellowish,” said the 64-year-old Price, a retired IT worker. “But I wanted one because they’re getting destroyed in their native habitat in Indonesia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He placed them in his kitchen window, but the northern exposure wasn’t kind. Two months later, Price moved them to his bathroom, where bright sunlight transformed them from wimps into amazons, and a third sibling emerged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shower mist didn’t hurt either. “I’m very clean,” Price said. “I take a shower in the morning and another in the evening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plants’ rampant growth began to resemble something out of a science-fiction movie. Price was thrilled but stunned, as he watched Terra overtake his bathroom. He also fretted about the consequences of an untimely bloom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was worried I’d be away on a trip and somebody would call the police and tear down my door because they thought a dead body was inside,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, when one of the gigantic leaves reached 7 feet, he realized it was time to say goodbye. One day in 2014, he called the Conservatory of Flowers. Three years later, Terra is poised to become its first permanent corpse flower to bloom — its 2005 predecessor was borrowed from UC Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11508296\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11508296\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Visitors take advantage of a rare open Monday at the San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers on June 12, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Visitors take advantage of a rare open Monday at the San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers on June 12, 2017. \u003ccite>(Patricia Yollin/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Price visited Terra on Monday, he noted that he’s 5-foot-8 and the plant’s phalluslike spadix is just under 6 feet, and rising. He still can’t believe it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mothered this plant,” he said. “I just wanted it to survive so badly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Price knows a thing or two about survival. The Ozark Mountains native moved to San Francisco in 1975 during its gay heyday — “Harvey Milk even hit on me” — and retired in 1996 when he was diagnosed with AIDS. But his timing was good: A new class of drugs kept him alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was like all the conditions came together for my survival,” he said. “And later, for the plants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Price refers to Terra as a she, he’s well aware that the plant is a hermaphrodite, with male and female flowers. “It’s perfect for gay pride month,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terra produced its first-ever bud on May 1, and is growing 1 to 3 inches a day. The flowers reside out of sight in the base of the spadix, which looks like a baguette and is encircled by a spathe that resembles a ruffled, pleated skirt and will turn the color of red meat when it unfurls. The odor and color lure pollinators in the form of carrion beetles and flies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s total deception on the plant’s part,” said Lizzie Roeble, education coordinator at the conservatory. “We are ecstatic. We can’t talk or think about anything else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Janet Spellmann, a nursery specialist at the conservatory, helped relocate Price’s plants from their bathroom habitat to their tropical oasis in the Richmond district, where Terra is about to attain superstar status. “Now it needs to be wet all the time,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within days, or even hours, it will likely bloom, but Titan Arums are “notoriously unpredictable,” according to Roeble. Terra’s celebrity will be short-lived — just a few days — before it goes limp and collapses into total anonymity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11508300\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11508300\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-160x284.jpg\" alt=\"The Titan Arum plants that Sidney Price purchased as sprouts eventually outgrew the bathroom of his Mission District apartment.\" width=\"320\" height=\"569\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-160x284.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-240x427.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-375x667.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-520x924.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom.jpg 720w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Titan Arum plants that Sidney Price purchased as sprouts eventually outgrew the bathroom of his Mission District apartment. \u003ccite>(Sidney Price)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Titan Arums grow on the hillsides of Sumatran rainforests, and “corpse flower” is the translation of its Indonesian name, \u003cem>bunga bangkai\u003c/em>. They’re vulnerable because their habitats are being wiped out by agricultural production and timber logging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes me incredibly sad,” Price said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roeble agreed. She hopes that the hordes who descend on Terra will learn a bit about the plight of its relatives in the wild, as they sniff and marvel and recoil and take selfies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservatory is extending its hours for Terra’s coming-out party. It is usually closed on Mondays, but it opened at noon on June 12 so that people could visit the Titan Arum as it inched ever closer to blooming. The plant’s progress will be charted with regular updates on \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=conservatory%20of%20flowers\">Facebook,\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=zqAGa9EDih4\">YouTube,\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/conservatoryofflowers/\">Instagram\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SFConservatory\">Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon after the doors opened Monday, Terra was holding court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the only thing that’s smellier than me,” said Tom Calder, a swimming-pool retiler from Australia. “She’s just a prize.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is as good as April the Giraffe,” declared another patron, referring to the ruminant that gave birth earlier this year as the world watched on YouTube.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matt McAndrews, a marketer from Philadelphia in town for a few days, heard about Terra from a friend and raced over to the conservatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I like plants but there’s nothing like this,” he said. “It’s pod people. It’s body snatchers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One woman seemed to think the entire pollination process would be on display. Docent Joan Simmons disabused her of that notion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We try not to have carrion flies in here,” Simmons explained.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"headline": "It's Really Big and Really Stinks But People Can't Wait to See S.F.'s Corpse Flower",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 5:40 p.m. Thursday, June 15:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers issued a “Stink Alert” late Thursday afternoon about its corpse flower, which has been on the verge of blooming for days: Terra the Titan has started to open. It might not totally unfurl this evening, but its stench — which has been likened to rotting flesh — will be the strongest tonight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservatory will be open until 9 p.m., with the last entry at 8:30 p.m, to accommodate visitors to Terra, and will reopen at 10 a.m. Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s happening,” said its Facebook post. “Smell you soon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plant will reek for only a few days, but its collapse will also be something to see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post, June 13:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no prouder parent than Sidney Price. On Monday morning, he savored a private visit with his “baby” at the \u003ca href=\"http://conservatoryofflowers.org/\">San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I always thought she’d be an early bloomer,” said Price, as he gazed at Terra the Titan, a 9-year-old corpse flower poised to unleash an overpowering stench that has been compared to decaying animal flesh, filthy socks, rotting garbage and human feces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it doesn’t repel people. Quite the contrary. When a corpse flower blooms, it is always a botanical blockbuster, drawing thousands of people who can’t get enough of its putrid smell and unearthly beauty. The last time this rare event occurred at the conservatory was in 2005, drawing about 16,000 visitors in four days.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/EbKOVv5GII0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/EbKOVv5GII0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The largest unbranched inflorescence — or flowering structure — in the plant world, the corpse flower is also known as an \u003cem>Amorphophallus titanum\u003c/em> (giant misshapen penis) or \u003ca href=\"https://www.chicagobotanic.org/titan/about\">Titan Arum.\u003c/a> When one bloomed at the \u003ca href=\"http://botanicalgarden.berkeley.edu/\">UC Botanical Garden\u003c/a> in Berkeley in 2010, Price witnessed the phenomenon at its olfactory peak, which is usually no more than 48 hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was love at first sight,” recalled Price. “I’d never seen something so beautiful and that smelled so much. It was huuuuuge, as our president would say.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The odor reminded him of roadkill. “It smelled like dead possum,” Price said. “It was pretty pungent and intense. I grew up in Arkansas, so I know what dead possum smells like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though he lives in a small apartment in San Francisco’s Mission District, Price \u003cem>had\u003c/em> to have a corpse flower of his own. He bought a pot with two small plants at the shop in the botanical garden. The sprouts, the offspring of Trudy and Titania, had been propagated at UC a year and a half earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were sickly-looking, spindly and yellowish,” said the 64-year-old Price, a retired IT worker. “But I wanted one because they’re getting destroyed in their native habitat in Indonesia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He placed them in his kitchen window, but the northern exposure wasn’t kind. Two months later, Price moved them to his bathroom, where bright sunlight transformed them from wimps into amazons, and a third sibling emerged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shower mist didn’t hurt either. “I’m very clean,” Price said. “I take a shower in the morning and another in the evening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plants’ rampant growth began to resemble something out of a science-fiction movie. Price was thrilled but stunned, as he watched Terra overtake his bathroom. He also fretted about the consequences of an untimely bloom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was worried I’d be away on a trip and somebody would call the police and tear down my door because they thought a dead body was inside,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, when one of the gigantic leaves reached 7 feet, he realized it was time to say goodbye. One day in 2014, he called the Conservatory of Flowers. Three years later, Terra is poised to become its first permanent corpse flower to bloom — its 2005 predecessor was borrowed from UC Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11508296\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11508296\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Visitors take advantage of a rare open Monday at the San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers on June 12, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/terra2-conservatory-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Visitors take advantage of a rare open Monday at the San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers on June 12, 2017. \u003ccite>(Patricia Yollin/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Price visited Terra on Monday, he noted that he’s 5-foot-8 and the plant’s phalluslike spadix is just under 6 feet, and rising. He still can’t believe it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I mothered this plant,” he said. “I just wanted it to survive so badly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Price knows a thing or two about survival. The Ozark Mountains native moved to San Francisco in 1975 during its gay heyday — “Harvey Milk even hit on me” — and retired in 1996 when he was diagnosed with AIDS. But his timing was good: A new class of drugs kept him alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was like all the conditions came together for my survival,” he said. “And later, for the plants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Price refers to Terra as a she, he’s well aware that the plant is a hermaphrodite, with male and female flowers. “It’s perfect for gay pride month,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terra produced its first-ever bud on May 1, and is growing 1 to 3 inches a day. The flowers reside out of sight in the base of the spadix, which looks like a baguette and is encircled by a spathe that resembles a ruffled, pleated skirt and will turn the color of red meat when it unfurls. The odor and color lure pollinators in the form of carrion beetles and flies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s total deception on the plant’s part,” said Lizzie Roeble, education coordinator at the conservatory. “We are ecstatic. We can’t talk or think about anything else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Janet Spellmann, a nursery specialist at the conservatory, helped relocate Price’s plants from their bathroom habitat to their tropical oasis in the Richmond district, where Terra is about to attain superstar status. “Now it needs to be wet all the time,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within days, or even hours, it will likely bloom, but Titan Arums are “notoriously unpredictable,” according to Roeble. Terra’s celebrity will be short-lived — just a few days — before it goes limp and collapses into total anonymity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11508300\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11508300\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-160x284.jpg\" alt=\"The Titan Arum plants that Sidney Price purchased as sprouts eventually outgrew the bathroom of his Mission District apartment.\" width=\"320\" height=\"569\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-160x284.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-240x427.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-375x667.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom-520x924.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Titaninbathroom.jpg 720w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Titan Arum plants that Sidney Price purchased as sprouts eventually outgrew the bathroom of his Mission District apartment. \u003ccite>(Sidney Price)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Titan Arums grow on the hillsides of Sumatran rainforests, and “corpse flower” is the translation of its Indonesian name, \u003cem>bunga bangkai\u003c/em>. They’re vulnerable because their habitats are being wiped out by agricultural production and timber logging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes me incredibly sad,” Price said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roeble agreed. She hopes that the hordes who descend on Terra will learn a bit about the plight of its relatives in the wild, as they sniff and marvel and recoil and take selfies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservatory is extending its hours for Terra’s coming-out party. It is usually closed on Mondays, but it opened at noon on June 12 so that people could visit the Titan Arum as it inched ever closer to blooming. The plant’s progress will be charted with regular updates on \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=conservatory%20of%20flowers\">Facebook,\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=zqAGa9EDih4\">YouTube,\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/conservatoryofflowers/\">Instagram\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SFConservatory\">Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon after the doors opened Monday, Terra was holding court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the only thing that’s smellier than me,” said Tom Calder, a swimming-pool retiler from Australia. “She’s just a prize.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is as good as April the Giraffe,” declared another patron, referring to the ruminant that gave birth earlier this year as the world watched on YouTube.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matt McAndrews, a marketer from Philadelphia in town for a few days, heard about Terra from a friend and raced over to the conservatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I like plants but there’s nothing like this,” he said. “It’s pod people. It’s body snatchers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One woman seemed to think the entire pollination process would be on display. Docent Joan Simmons disabused her of that notion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We try not to have carrion flies in here,” Simmons explained.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "after-oroville-crisis-state-orders-inspections-at-scores-of-aging-spillways",
"title": "After Oroville Crisis, State Orders Inspections at Scores of Aging Spillways",
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"headTitle": "After Oroville Crisis, State Orders Inspections at Scores of Aging Spillways | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>State dam safety officials are ordering immediate spillway inspections at about 70 aging dams that it believes might not be sound enough to protect downstream communities in a flood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The engineering and on-site reviews are part of stepped-up inspections following the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/02/07/engineers-assess-spillway-problem-at-oroville-dam/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">February failure of both spillways\u003c/a> at Oroville Dam. Authorities ordered about 180,000 people to evacuate in that crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, the Department of Water Resources Division of Safety of Dams has been reviewing its records on the 1,250 dams it monitors, focusing on 100 big, aging dams with people living downstream, supervising engineer Daniel Meyersohn said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state has since written to owners of about 70 of the dams, ordering them to carry out a thorough review of the spillways’ engineering and, if necessary, on-site inspections of the soundness of the spillways and the rock supporting it. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those investigating the failure of Oroville Dam main concrete spillway and the hillside beneath an adjoining emergency overflow weir have focused on the presence of rapidly eroding \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/04/07/how-incompetent-rock-led-to-the-oroville-dam-crisis/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">incompetent rock\u003c/a> beneath and near the structures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meyersohn declined to identify the dams that had received the orders for extra inspections, saying some of the owners may not yet have received their notices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of San Luis Obispo, which operates the dam in conjunction with a nearby state prison and state university, received one of the letters this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In it, the state informs the city that the spillway at the dam — which the Department of Water Resources built and completed in 1961 — “may have potential geologic, structural, or performance issues that may jeopardize its ability to safely pass a flood event.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state order mandates that dam operators fix any spillway problems they find before the next rainy season, which in California usually begins around November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of California’s reservoirs and rivers are at their fullest in years after heavy winter rain and snow. At Oroville, construction crews already are rushing to rebuild and anchor half-century-old spillways before November, as part of about $500 million in emergency response and repairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oroville’s main and then back-up spillways collapsed in February, despite years of inspection and maintenance reports that failed to warn of any catastrophic failure of the concrete main spillway in particular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Whale Rock Dam, the orders come despite dam operators’ weekly visual inspections, said Noah Evans, supervisor for the city of San Luis Obispo’s Whale Rock Reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 2,000 people living in the coastal community of Cayucos are downstream from the reservoir, Evans said. The dam’s operators have used the spillway a dozen times since the dam was finished more than half a century ago, Evans said, and have never encountered problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials also ordered inspections at another San Luis Obispo County facility, Lopez Dam. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dam is upstream from about 5,000 people in the community of Arroyo Grande, said Mark Hutchinson, deputy director of San Luis Obispo County Public Works, which also received a letter from the state calling for an inspection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water first tumbled over the spillway a year after the completion of the dam in 1968. A detailed inspection in 1991 led officials there to perform significant repairs a decade later, Hutchinson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inspectors check the Lopez Dam — a fraction of Oroville’s size — each day, and Hutchinson said that he welcomes the opportunity to gain insights from the larger spillway’s failure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we were to build it today what would be different? If there is something that would be different, what are the implications of that?” he said. “There’s some good stuff to sink your teeth into.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Dam-safety officials tell agencies to evaluate spillways at 70 dams, with special attention on the quality of rock they're built on.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>State dam safety officials are ordering immediate spillway inspections at about 70 aging dams that it believes might not be sound enough to protect downstream communities in a flood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The engineering and on-site reviews are part of stepped-up inspections following the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/02/07/engineers-assess-spillway-problem-at-oroville-dam/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">February failure of both spillways\u003c/a> at Oroville Dam. Authorities ordered about 180,000 people to evacuate in that crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, the Department of Water Resources Division of Safety of Dams has been reviewing its records on the 1,250 dams it monitors, focusing on 100 big, aging dams with people living downstream, supervising engineer Daniel Meyersohn said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state has since written to owners of about 70 of the dams, ordering them to carry out a thorough review of the spillways’ engineering and, if necessary, on-site inspections of the soundness of the spillways and the rock supporting it. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those investigating the failure of Oroville Dam main concrete spillway and the hillside beneath an adjoining emergency overflow weir have focused on the presence of rapidly eroding \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/04/07/how-incompetent-rock-led-to-the-oroville-dam-crisis/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">incompetent rock\u003c/a> beneath and near the structures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meyersohn declined to identify the dams that had received the orders for extra inspections, saying some of the owners may not yet have received their notices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of San Luis Obispo, which operates the dam in conjunction with a nearby state prison and state university, received one of the letters this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In it, the state informs the city that the spillway at the dam — which the Department of Water Resources built and completed in 1961 — “may have potential geologic, structural, or performance issues that may jeopardize its ability to safely pass a flood event.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state order mandates that dam operators fix any spillway problems they find before the next rainy season, which in California usually begins around November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of California’s reservoirs and rivers are at their fullest in years after heavy winter rain and snow. At Oroville, construction crews already are rushing to rebuild and anchor half-century-old spillways before November, as part of about $500 million in emergency response and repairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oroville’s main and then back-up spillways collapsed in February, despite years of inspection and maintenance reports that failed to warn of any catastrophic failure of the concrete main spillway in particular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Whale Rock Dam, the orders come despite dam operators’ weekly visual inspections, said Noah Evans, supervisor for the city of San Luis Obispo’s Whale Rock Reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 2,000 people living in the coastal community of Cayucos are downstream from the reservoir, Evans said. The dam’s operators have used the spillway a dozen times since the dam was finished more than half a century ago, Evans said, and have never encountered problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials also ordered inspections at another San Luis Obispo County facility, Lopez Dam. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dam is upstream from about 5,000 people in the community of Arroyo Grande, said Mark Hutchinson, deputy director of San Luis Obispo County Public Works, which also received a letter from the state calling for an inspection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water first tumbled over the spillway a year after the completion of the dam in 1968. A detailed inspection in 1991 led officials there to perform significant repairs a decade later, Hutchinson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inspectors check the Lopez Dam — a fraction of Oroville’s size — each day, and Hutchinson said that he welcomes the opportunity to gain insights from the larger spillway’s failure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we were to build it today what would be different? If there is something that would be different, what are the implications of that?” he said. “There’s some good stuff to sink your teeth into.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK — There may be no more potent reminder of this year’s humongous snowfall than the plows still clearing roads that snake across California’s highest mountains as summer approaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crews have been digging, plowing and blasting for months — and the work is not finished, though an approaching heat \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/15/yosemite-national-park-tioga-pass-highway-120-season-opening/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" id=\"rssmi_more\">Read More …\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source:: \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/15/yosemite-national-park-tioga-pass-highway-120-season-opening/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Crews Blast and Burrow Through Snow to Open Yosemite’s Tioga Pass\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Newsfix – Science\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>In 2015, Steven Horowitz was watching one of the summer’s big blockbuster action flicks, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2015/05/23/us/ap-us-film-san-andreas-the-facts.html?_r=0\">\u003cem>San Andreas\u003c/em>.\u003c/a> In the movie, the San Andreas fault shifts, triggering a magnitude 9.6 earthquake in San Francisco. Disaster ensues — and for the rest of the movie we watch as all of the West Coast’s greatest landmarks are destroyed one by one in an epic, computer-generated spectacle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"size-full wp-image-10628783\">“I was sitting there watching the giant tsunami course through the Golden Gate and into the bay,” he says. “I looked at that and thought: Wouldn’t there be some kind of dissipation coming through the Golden Gate?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He asked Bay Curious:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>If a tsunami were to hit the Golden Gate, what would be its real effect on communities facing the San Francisco Bay?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>It’s all about our faults\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Despite the terrifying image of a 250-foot wave about to wash over the Golden Gate Bridge, tsunamis do not actually pose a considerable threat to the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It all has to do with the kinds of geologic faults that we have (and don’t have).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tsunamis are caused when one tectonic plate slides underneath another — a process called \u003ca href=\"http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/eoc/teachers/t_tectonics/p_subduction.html\">subduction\u003c/a>. This slow movement is happening all the time, but sometimes a plate will get stuck and pressure starts to build. When it finally lets go, there’s an underwater earthquake that can move the seafloor up and down, sending a wave to the surface of the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the San Andreas Fault is different. It’s called a slip-strike fault because the two plates slide past each other horizontally. Of course, whenever plates move, the ground shakes. But here, there is no subduction and little displaced ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meaning no killer tsunamis. Even San Francisco’s infamous 1906 earthquake generated only a 4-inch wave at the Presidio gauge station.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Small waves still pack a punch\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Although they aren’t generated here, tsunamis do occasionally hit our shores. Since 1854, more than 71 tsunamis have been recorded in San Francisco Bay. Most were generated by earthquakes in subduction zones near Russia, Japan or Alaska.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Geist, a geophysicist at the U.S. Geological Survey in Menlo Park, says that size is the most important factor in evaluating risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can look at anything, from huge waves to micro-tsunamis, that you’d never see with your eyes but our instruments can detect,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The worst tsunami to hit the Bay Area was triggered in 1964 by a magnitude 9.2 earthquake in Alaska, Geist says, that killed 11 people in \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2005/11/17/5007860/california-town-still-scarred-by-1964-tsunami\">Crescent City.\u003c/a> That wave rolled in at just under 4 feet and damaged marinas and private boats in Marin County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The infamous 2011 tsunami that devastated parts of Japan also \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/2011/03/17/the-san-francisco-impact-of-the-japan-tsunami/\">arrived in the East Bay\u003c/a> 10 hours later at just over a foot in height, and caused millions of dollars of \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Tsunami-causes-millions-in-damage-in-California-2389661.php\">damage in Crescent City\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10628784\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10628784\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/5517993750_0ece81abd3_b.jpg\" alt=\"The 2011 Japanese tsunami, photographed as it arrived in Emeryville\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/5517993750_0ece81abd3_b.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/5517993750_0ece81abd3_b-400x225.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/5517993750_0ece81abd3_b-800x449.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/5517993750_0ece81abd3_b-960x539.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The 2011 Japanese tsunami, photographed as it arrived in Emeryville. See \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jdMDCLwblkY\">video of the tsunami\u003c/a>. \u003ccite>(Steven Winter/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Cascadia subduction zone, which runs roughly from Mendocino County to Vancouver Island, could also produce a massive earthquake and tsunami. But Geist says it’s unclear how a tsunami from “\u003ca href=\"http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/07/20/the-really-big-one\">The Really Big One\u003c/a>” would affect the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oregon, Washington and California north of Eureka would really bear the brunt of that tsunami,” he explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>But what if a big one arrived?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Although it’s unlikely, \u003ca href=\"http://www.pmc.ucsc.edu/~seisweb/steve_ward/\">Steven Ward\u003c/a>, a professor of earth and planetary sciences at UC Santa Cruz, has created \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/user/ingomar200\">a series of animations\u003c/a> to show how a big tsunami might spread through San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Ward’s simulations, the incoming wave stands just over 16 feet tall. This is much larger than historical tsunamis, but Geist agrees that a wave this size is theoretically possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/bP_AIWgknfI\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Approaching the Golden Gate at 55 mph, the wave would first hit the outlying areas of Point Reyes National Seashore and Montara. It would then start to flood low-lying areas like Half Moon Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not like splash and dash,” explains Ward. “When the water comes in, it’s going to flood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would feel like a 12-hour tidal cycle was packed into an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And it will do as much damage when it goes back out and drags along cars and debris,” he adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10630229\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS2674_goldengatebridge_20070115.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10630229\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS2674_goldengatebridge_20070115-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"A 30-foot-high Tsunami would barely reach the top of the pylon on the Golden Gate Bridge.\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS2674_goldengatebridge_20070115-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS2674_goldengatebridge_20070115-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS2674_goldengatebridge_20070115-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS2674_goldengatebridge_20070115.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A 30-foot-high tsunami would barely reach the top of the pylon on the Golden Gate Bridge. \u003ccite>(Salim Virji/\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/salim/402618628\" target=\"_blank\">Flickr\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The original wave and splashbacks from shore would then start to pile up as they squeeze through the 1-mile-wide Golden Gate. In Ward’s simulations, the wave reaches a maximum height of about 30 feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s barely to the top the pylon,” says Ward, who is confident that the bridge would have no trouble withstanding the wave energy. “It probably wouldn’t even touch the steel.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousbug]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, the wave would fan out into San Francisco Bay. Parts of Crissy Field, Mission Bay and the Marina could see significant flooding, but by the time it reached Treasure Island or the East Bay, the wave would be less than 3 feet tall. It would probably not even make it to the South Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/geologic_hazards/Tsunami/Inundation_Maps#County\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Inundation maps for coastal counties\u003c/a> are a great resource for understanding how high ocean waters could rise near you. Here’s San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10628785\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 850px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10628785 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sf-cropped.jpg\" alt=\"Red regions of San Francisco may be vulnerable to inundation by a tsunami.\" width=\"850\" height=\"813\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sf-cropped.jpg 850w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sf-cropped-400x383.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sf-cropped-800x765.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sf-cropped-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Red regions may be vulnerable to inundation by a tsunami. \u003ccite>(Cal EMA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Verdict: The Bay Area is relatively safe\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Steven Horowitz, who asked \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> the question, was glad to hear that the tsunami would be nothing like the movie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By the time it gets to Berkeley, which is where I’m sitting right now, I think I’m pretty safe,” he says. “Sounds like it’s not going to come rushing up University Avenue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Area residents can also rest assured that there have been no recorded deaths from tsunami-related events in San Francisco. And even a worst-case-scenario Cascadia tsunami would take several hours to reach the city, providing ample time to mobilize a response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And just in case, the City and County of San Francisco has a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfdem.org/ftp/uploadedfiles/DEM/PlansReports/TsunamiAnnex-2008.pdf\">tsunami plan (PDF)\u003c/a> in place. It includes a strategy for evacuating people from \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/geologic_hazards/Tsunami/Inundation_Maps/SanFrancisco/Documents/Tsunami_Inundation_SF_Overview_SanFrancisco.pdf\">vulnerable areas (PDF)\u003c/a> like Ocean Beach, coordinating basic services (like shelter, water, food, and medical attention) and performing search and rescue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, “if you get a warning and are in a tsunami zone, follow the evacuation instructions,” says Ward. “What do you have to lose, a couple hours of your time?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In 2015, Steven Horowitz was watching one of the summer’s big blockbuster action flicks, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2015/05/23/us/ap-us-film-san-andreas-the-facts.html?_r=0\">\u003cem>San Andreas\u003c/em>.\u003c/a> In the movie, the San Andreas fault shifts, triggering a magnitude 9.6 earthquake in San Francisco. Disaster ensues — and for the rest of the movie we watch as all of the West Coast’s greatest landmarks are destroyed one by one in an epic, computer-generated spectacle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"size-full wp-image-10628783\">“I was sitting there watching the giant tsunami course through the Golden Gate and into the bay,” he says. “I looked at that and thought: Wouldn’t there be some kind of dissipation coming through the Golden Gate?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He asked Bay Curious:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>If a tsunami were to hit the Golden Gate, what would be its real effect on communities facing the San Francisco Bay?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>It’s all about our faults\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Despite the terrifying image of a 250-foot wave about to wash over the Golden Gate Bridge, tsunamis do not actually pose a considerable threat to the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It all has to do with the kinds of geologic faults that we have (and don’t have).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tsunamis are caused when one tectonic plate slides underneath another — a process called \u003ca href=\"http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/eoc/teachers/t_tectonics/p_subduction.html\">subduction\u003c/a>. This slow movement is happening all the time, but sometimes a plate will get stuck and pressure starts to build. When it finally lets go, there’s an underwater earthquake that can move the seafloor up and down, sending a wave to the surface of the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the San Andreas Fault is different. It’s called a slip-strike fault because the two plates slide past each other horizontally. Of course, whenever plates move, the ground shakes. But here, there is no subduction and little displaced ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meaning no killer tsunamis. Even San Francisco’s infamous 1906 earthquake generated only a 4-inch wave at the Presidio gauge station.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Small waves still pack a punch\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Although they aren’t generated here, tsunamis do occasionally hit our shores. Since 1854, more than 71 tsunamis have been recorded in San Francisco Bay. Most were generated by earthquakes in subduction zones near Russia, Japan or Alaska.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Geist, a geophysicist at the U.S. Geological Survey in Menlo Park, says that size is the most important factor in evaluating risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can look at anything, from huge waves to micro-tsunamis, that you’d never see with your eyes but our instruments can detect,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The worst tsunami to hit the Bay Area was triggered in 1964 by a magnitude 9.2 earthquake in Alaska, Geist says, that killed 11 people in \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2005/11/17/5007860/california-town-still-scarred-by-1964-tsunami\">Crescent City.\u003c/a> That wave rolled in at just under 4 feet and damaged marinas and private boats in Marin County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The infamous 2011 tsunami that devastated parts of Japan also \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/2011/03/17/the-san-francisco-impact-of-the-japan-tsunami/\">arrived in the East Bay\u003c/a> 10 hours later at just over a foot in height, and caused millions of dollars of \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Tsunami-causes-millions-in-damage-in-California-2389661.php\">damage in Crescent City\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10628784\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10628784\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/5517993750_0ece81abd3_b.jpg\" alt=\"The 2011 Japanese tsunami, photographed as it arrived in Emeryville\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/5517993750_0ece81abd3_b.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/5517993750_0ece81abd3_b-400x225.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/5517993750_0ece81abd3_b-800x449.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/5517993750_0ece81abd3_b-960x539.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The 2011 Japanese tsunami, photographed as it arrived in Emeryville. See \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jdMDCLwblkY\">video of the tsunami\u003c/a>. \u003ccite>(Steven Winter/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Cascadia subduction zone, which runs roughly from Mendocino County to Vancouver Island, could also produce a massive earthquake and tsunami. But Geist says it’s unclear how a tsunami from “\u003ca href=\"http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/07/20/the-really-big-one\">The Really Big One\u003c/a>” would affect the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oregon, Washington and California north of Eureka would really bear the brunt of that tsunami,” he explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>But what if a big one arrived?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Although it’s unlikely, \u003ca href=\"http://www.pmc.ucsc.edu/~seisweb/steve_ward/\">Steven Ward\u003c/a>, a professor of earth and planetary sciences at UC Santa Cruz, has created \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/user/ingomar200\">a series of animations\u003c/a> to show how a big tsunami might spread through San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Ward’s simulations, the incoming wave stands just over 16 feet tall. This is much larger than historical tsunamis, but Geist agrees that a wave this size is theoretically possible.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/bP_AIWgknfI'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/bP_AIWgknfI'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Approaching the Golden Gate at 55 mph, the wave would first hit the outlying areas of Point Reyes National Seashore and Montara. It would then start to flood low-lying areas like Half Moon Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not like splash and dash,” explains Ward. “When the water comes in, it’s going to flood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would feel like a 12-hour tidal cycle was packed into an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And it will do as much damage when it goes back out and drags along cars and debris,” he adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10630229\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS2674_goldengatebridge_20070115.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10630229\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS2674_goldengatebridge_20070115-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"A 30-foot-high Tsunami would barely reach the top of the pylon on the Golden Gate Bridge.\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS2674_goldengatebridge_20070115-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS2674_goldengatebridge_20070115-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS2674_goldengatebridge_20070115-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS2674_goldengatebridge_20070115.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A 30-foot-high tsunami would barely reach the top of the pylon on the Golden Gate Bridge. \u003ccite>(Salim Virji/\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/salim/402618628\" target=\"_blank\">Flickr\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The original wave and splashbacks from shore would then start to pile up as they squeeze through the 1-mile-wide Golden Gate. In Ward’s simulations, the wave reaches a maximum height of about 30 feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s barely to the top the pylon,” says Ward, who is confident that the bridge would have no trouble withstanding the wave energy. “It probably wouldn’t even touch the steel.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, the wave would fan out into San Francisco Bay. Parts of Crissy Field, Mission Bay and the Marina could see significant flooding, but by the time it reached Treasure Island or the East Bay, the wave would be less than 3 feet tall. It would probably not even make it to the South Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/geologic_hazards/Tsunami/Inundation_Maps#County\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Inundation maps for coastal counties\u003c/a> are a great resource for understanding how high ocean waters could rise near you. Here’s San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10628785\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 850px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10628785 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sf-cropped.jpg\" alt=\"Red regions of San Francisco may be vulnerable to inundation by a tsunami.\" width=\"850\" height=\"813\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sf-cropped.jpg 850w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sf-cropped-400x383.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sf-cropped-800x765.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/sf-cropped-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Red regions may be vulnerable to inundation by a tsunami. \u003ccite>(Cal EMA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Verdict: The Bay Area is relatively safe\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Steven Horowitz, who asked \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> the question, was glad to hear that the tsunami would be nothing like the movie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By the time it gets to Berkeley, which is where I’m sitting right now, I think I’m pretty safe,” he says. “Sounds like it’s not going to come rushing up University Avenue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Area residents can also rest assured that there have been no recorded deaths from tsunami-related events in San Francisco. And even a worst-case-scenario Cascadia tsunami would take several hours to reach the city, providing ample time to mobilize a response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And just in case, the City and County of San Francisco has a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfdem.org/ftp/uploadedfiles/DEM/PlansReports/TsunamiAnnex-2008.pdf\">tsunami plan (PDF)\u003c/a> in place. It includes a strategy for evacuating people from \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/geologic_hazards/Tsunami/Inundation_Maps/SanFrancisco/Documents/Tsunami_Inundation_SF_Overview_SanFrancisco.pdf\">vulnerable areas (PDF)\u003c/a> like Ocean Beach, coordinating basic services (like shelter, water, food, and medical attention) and performing search and rescue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, “if you get a warning and are in a tsunami zone, follow the evacuation instructions,” says Ward. “What do you have to lose, a couple hours of your time?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"order": 9
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"order": 15
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 18
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
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"meta": {
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"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 11
},
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"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
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"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"planet-money": {
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
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},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
"subscribe": {
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
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