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"bio": "Gabriela Quirós is the \u003cstrong>supervising producer for KQED's web science video series \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/deeplook\">Deep Look\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>. She joined KQED as a TV producer when its science series QUEST started in 2006 and has covered everything from Alzheimer’s to bee die-offs to dark energy.\r\n\r\nShe won a 2022 AAAS Kavli Science Journalism Award with a team of her Deep Look colleagues. She has won six regional Emmys as a video producer and has shared eight more as the coordinating producer of Deep Look. The episode she produced about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/728086/how-mosquitoes-use-six-needles-to-suck-your-blood\">How Mosquitoes Use Six Needles to Suck Your Blood\u003c/a> won a Webby \"People's Voice\" award. She has also earned awards from the Jackson Hole Wildlife Film Festival, the Society of Professional Journalists and the Society of Environmental Journalists.\r\n\r\nHer videos for KQED have also aired on NOVA scienceNOW and the PBS NewsHour, and appeared on NPR.org.\r\n\r\nAs an independent filmmaker, she produced and directed the hour-long documentary \u003ca href=\"http://lpbp.org/beautiful-sin-qa-with-producer-gabriela-quiros/\">\u003cem>Beautiful Sin\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, about the surprising story of how Costa Rica became the only country in the world to outlaw in vitro fertilization. The film aired in 2015 on public television stations throughout the U.S., and in Costa Rica.\r\n\r\nShe started her journalism career as a newspaper reporter in Costa Rica, where she grew up. She won the National Science Journalism Award there for a series of articles about organic agriculture, and developed a life-long interest in health reporting. She moved to the Bay Area in 1996 to study documentary filmmaking at the University of California, Berkeley, where she received master’s degrees in journalism and Latin American studies.",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14505\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/caremissions.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14505\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/caremissions.jpg\" alt=\"Under California climate law, gas prices are likely to rise in 2015. (Craig Miller/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Under California climate law, gas prices are likely to rise next year. (Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>State Senator Darrell Steinberg is proposing a carbon tax on gasoline that would put a price on the pollution that causes climate change. The plan would also preempt a key piece of California’s existing climate law, due to kick in next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s cap-and-trade program, created by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/ab32/ab32.htm\">Global Warming Solutions Act\u003c/a> of 2006, puts a limit on how much companies in California can pollute by pumping out greenhouse gases. Right now, it only applies to factories, refineries and other industrial polluters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next year for the first time, transportation fuels will come under the program: oil companies will have to account for the emissions from Californians’ cars and trucks. The cost of buying additional pollution permits is one that companies are almost certain to pass along to consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘For climate policy to work, it has to sting. I am concerned about who we sting.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Steinberg’s \u003ca href=\"http://sd06.senate.ca.gov/news/2014-02-20-steinberg-announces-major-proposal-strengthen-ca-climate-policy\">plan\u003c/a> would make it more direct, as a tax that we pay at the pump. His reasoning is that while drivers will pay more for gas either way, with a tax the increase is more predictable and transparent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Under my proposal, the price of carbon fuel is projected to rise gradually and predictably,” Steinberg explained \u003ca href=\"http://sd06.senate.ca.gov/sites/sd06.senate.ca.gov/files/MASTER-Press-Club-2014-Speech.pdf\">in a speech\u003c/a> at the Sacramento Press Club on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sacramento Democrat says his plan would also ensure that low-income Californians aren’t inordinately burdened by higher taxes, by building in an earned income tax credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Putting a price on carbon fuels is essential to salvaging our environment. For climate policy to work, it has to sting,” he said. “I am concerned about who we sting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What people in California also need is pollution cuts,” said Tim O’Connor, director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.edf.org/climate/california-climate-launch-pad\">Environmental Defense Fund’s California Climate Initiative\u003c/a>. He said that while he supports some of the ideas behind Steinberg’s proposal, he’s concerned it could undermine California’s efforts to charge for the right to pollute, and to reduce greenhouse emissions overall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”95fe02a5676e91eab10616cbeecd4297″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cap-and-trade does both, by introducing a cap on emissions and then methodically lowering it, and by allowing companies to buy and trade pollution permits. The program launched in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opting for a tax instead of the market-based program might have been a good idea, said Severin Borenstein, an energy economist at University of California, Berkeley, but at this point, California is too invested in cap-and-trade. “The program is already running,” he said. “The fuels coming in in 2015 is already something that has been very much accounted for and vetted, and it would take a huge change in the program to now take fuels back out of the cap.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.wspa.org/\">Western States Petroleum Association\u003c/a>, an industry group, welcomed Steinberg’s proposal in a statement. “By acknowledging that the state’s cap-and-trade regulations for fuels are about to have a significant impact on the cost of fuel for consumers, Sen. Steinberg has proposed a transparent carbon tax as an alternative.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steinberg’s bill would need a two-thirds majority to pass.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14505\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/caremissions.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14505\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/caremissions.jpg\" alt=\"Under California climate law, gas prices are likely to rise in 2015. (Craig Miller/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Under California climate law, gas prices are likely to rise next year. (Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>State Senator Darrell Steinberg is proposing a carbon tax on gasoline that would put a price on the pollution that causes climate change. The plan would also preempt a key piece of California’s existing climate law, due to kick in next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s cap-and-trade program, created by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/ab32/ab32.htm\">Global Warming Solutions Act\u003c/a> of 2006, puts a limit on how much companies in California can pollute by pumping out greenhouse gases. Right now, it only applies to factories, refineries and other industrial polluters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next year for the first time, transportation fuels will come under the program: oil companies will have to account for the emissions from Californians’ cars and trucks. The cost of buying additional pollution permits is one that companies are almost certain to pass along to consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘For climate policy to work, it has to sting. I am concerned about who we sting.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Steinberg’s \u003ca href=\"http://sd06.senate.ca.gov/news/2014-02-20-steinberg-announces-major-proposal-strengthen-ca-climate-policy\">plan\u003c/a> would make it more direct, as a tax that we pay at the pump. His reasoning is that while drivers will pay more for gas either way, with a tax the increase is more predictable and transparent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Under my proposal, the price of carbon fuel is projected to rise gradually and predictably,” Steinberg explained \u003ca href=\"http://sd06.senate.ca.gov/sites/sd06.senate.ca.gov/files/MASTER-Press-Club-2014-Speech.pdf\">in a speech\u003c/a> at the Sacramento Press Club on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sacramento Democrat says his plan would also ensure that low-income Californians aren’t inordinately burdened by higher taxes, by building in an earned income tax credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Putting a price on carbon fuels is essential to salvaging our environment. For climate policy to work, it has to sting,” he said. “I am concerned about who we sting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What people in California also need is pollution cuts,” said Tim O’Connor, director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.edf.org/climate/california-climate-launch-pad\">Environmental Defense Fund’s California Climate Initiative\u003c/a>. He said that while he supports some of the ideas behind Steinberg’s proposal, he’s concerned it could undermine California’s efforts to charge for the right to pollute, and to reduce greenhouse emissions overall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cap-and-trade does both, by introducing a cap on emissions and then methodically lowering it, and by allowing companies to buy and trade pollution permits. The program launched in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opting for a tax instead of the market-based program might have been a good idea, said Severin Borenstein, an energy economist at University of California, Berkeley, but at this point, California is too invested in cap-and-trade. “The program is already running,” he said. “The fuels coming in in 2015 is already something that has been very much accounted for and vetted, and it would take a huge change in the program to now take fuels back out of the cap.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.wspa.org/\">Western States Petroleum Association\u003c/a>, an industry group, welcomed Steinberg’s proposal in a statement. “By acknowledging that the state’s cap-and-trade regulations for fuels are about to have a significant impact on the cost of fuel for consumers, Sen. Steinberg has proposed a transparent carbon tax as an alternative.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steinberg’s bill would need a two-thirds majority to pass.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Bay Area Residents Resist Crude-by-Rail as Accidents Rise",
"headTitle": "Bay Area Residents Resist Crude-by-Rail as Accidents Rise | KQED",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"audio-wrap\">\n\u003ch2>Listen:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2014/02/20140217science.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update: \u003c/strong>On Tuesday, February 18, Pittsburg sent a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/WesPac-DEIR-Letter.pdf\">letter to WesPac\u003c/a>, reopening the comment period on the environmental review process for the project. The comment period had initially closed in September, 2013. This step will prolong the approval process for the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And on Friday, February 21, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ktiv.com/story/24787278/apnewsbreak-railroads-confront-crude-safety\">AP reported\u003c/a> that railroads that haul crude oil had reached an agreement with transportation officials to adopt increased safety measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original story:\u003c/strong> The city of Pittsburg, 20 miles east of Oakland, is considering approving a new oil terminal to supply crude to Bay Area refineries. The oil would come via ship, pipeline and railroad. But there have been a number of recent accidents around the United States involving rail shipments of crude oil, and some locals are concerned about the safety of the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘A Dynamite Factory in Our Backyard’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a Saturday morning in January, about 150 people gathered at a playground in Pittsburg. Greg Osorio, a local pastor stepped up to a microphone and got the rally started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They want to put a dynamite factory in our backyard with crude oil bombs,” he said. “Right next to housing. Turn around and look at that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A cluster of faded yellow metal oil tanks sit just behind the park. Each one is the size of a house. Right now they’re empty, and have been for 15 years. But they soon could be filled with crude oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Riding the Crude-by-Rail Boom\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14385\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/train.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14385 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/train.jpg\" alt=\"Tank cars on the tracks in Pittsburg. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tank cars on the tracks in Pittsburg. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pittsburgterminalproject.com/index.htm\">WesPac\u003c/a>, an Irvine-based company, is proposing to re-open and upgrade the tanks. The property, which includes a power plant that’s still in use, once belonged to PG&E and is now owned by an energy company called NRG. WesPac wants to take over the tanks to bring in oil, store it and redistribute it to Bay Area refineries to make into gasoline, diesel, jet fuel and other products. The $200 million project would be able to store up to 375,000 barrels of oil in 17 tanks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s consistent with the types of operations that are going on in that area already,” said \u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>Art Diefenbach, the project manager for WesPac. This is an existing facility in a traditionally industrial town, he says, so the project makes sense here. After the tanks were decommissioned, neighborhoods grew up around them, but Diefenbach says that won’t present a problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll be installing additional safety equipment and noise reduction equipment and air pollution control equipment so that it’s actually going to be better than it is today,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>Better, he means, than sitting empty. Plus, the project would create up to 40 permanent jobs, though those wouldn’t be guaranteed to Pittsburg residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But community members aren’t just concerned about the oil in the tanks; they’re also concerned about the trains that would deliver it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14372\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14372\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/crudebyrailincalifornia.png\" alt=\"Barrels of oil coming into California by train, 2009-2013. Data from the California Energy Commission.\" width=\"600\" height=\"371\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Barrels of oil coming into California by train, 2009-2013. Data from the \u003ca href=\"http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/petroleum/statistics/2013_crude_by_rail.html\">California Energy Commission\u003c/a>.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2008, there was no oil coming into California by rail. Last year in December alone, trains carried more than a million barrels into the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because there’s an oil boom in North Dakota and Canada, explained Tupper Hull, the spokesman for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wspa.org/\">Western States Petroleum Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problem that we have is, there’s not a terribly good infrastructure to get oil to the coasts where most of the refining and frankly most of the customers are, for that energy, located,” he said.\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without pipelines, oil companies are turning to trains. While crude delivered by rail accounts for a little less than two percent of all the oil California uses now, that may be changing. WesPac is one of six crude-by-rail projects being considered in the state. If they all get approved, rail could provide a quarter or more of California’s oil, according to the California Energy Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>More Trains, More Accidents\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But more crude-by-rail has led to more crude-by-rail accidents. Last summer in Quebec, 47 people died when an oil train exploded. In the past four months, there have been derailments in Pennsylvania, North Dakota, Alabama and New Brunswick, Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”d273e0a75a34e70e6e84cc38b95cf978″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People here are concerned about that happening,” said Andres Soto, an organizer with \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbecal.org/\">Communities for a Better Environment\u003c/a>. “They’d rather prevent it than respond to it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pittsburg is a city that’s weathered industrial catastrophes before. In 1944, 320 people were killed when two Navy munitions ships in nearby Port Chicago exploded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andres Soto says he thinks oil companies aren’t being transparent about safety concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t want to admit the risk,” he said. “Because if they did, the community would say, ‘Not in my backyard.’ And the people have a right to say that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been some responses: The National Transportation Safety Board is \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/24/business/us-and-canada-urge-new-safety-rules-for-crude-oil-rail-shipments.html\">making recommendations\u003c/a> to improve crude-by-rail safety; Governor Jerry Brown’s budget proposal boosts funding for the agency that cleans up oil spills; Attorney General Kamala Harris wrote a letter to the Pittsburg planning department, expressing her concerns about the WesPac project, particularly the impacts on air quality and the risk of accidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tupper Hull says the companies he works with are aware of the safety concerns, and he expects there will be more regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14383\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 307px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/monterreys.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-14383 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/monterreys.jpg\" alt=\"Pittsburg residents George and Lyana Monterrey are among those leading protests against the oil terminal. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"307\" height=\"173\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pittsburg residents George and Lyana Monterrey are among those leading protests against the oil terminal. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re in one of these eras where the market has brought us good news, and now we’re catching up on the regulatory and the infrastructure side.” Good news, he said, because this is domestic oil—rather than from overseas—and it’s cheap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lyana Monterrey, a Pittsburg resident and one of the people leading the charge against the project, isn’t buying it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not here,” she said. “Not next to a community. You don’t sacrifice people, community for your profits. That’s wrong. That’s an injustice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of Pittsburg is\u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.pittsburg.ca.us/index.aspx?page=700\"> currently considering\u003c/a> the project. The city council is expected to decide on its fate soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[googlemaps https://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=696+west+10th+street+pittsburg+ca&aq=&sll=37.975598,-122.187538&sspn=0.220294,0.302467&t=h&gl=us&ie=UTF8&hq=&hnear=696+W+10th+St,+Pittsburg,+California+94565&ll=38.035383,-121.894855&spn=0.016901,0.027423&z=15&output=embed&w=640&h=500]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The oil tanks are the round shapes on the map.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The East Bay city of Pittsburg is considering a new oil terminal to supply crude to Bay Area refineries, but some locals are concerned about the safety of the project.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update: \u003c/strong>On Tuesday, February 18, Pittsburg sent a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/WesPac-DEIR-Letter.pdf\">letter to WesPac\u003c/a>, reopening the comment period on the environmental review process for the project. The comment period had initially closed in September, 2013. This step will prolong the approval process for the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And on Friday, February 21, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ktiv.com/story/24787278/apnewsbreak-railroads-confront-crude-safety\">AP reported\u003c/a> that railroads that haul crude oil had reached an agreement with transportation officials to adopt increased safety measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original story:\u003c/strong> The city of Pittsburg, 20 miles east of Oakland, is considering approving a new oil terminal to supply crude to Bay Area refineries. The oil would come via ship, pipeline and railroad. But there have been a number of recent accidents around the United States involving rail shipments of crude oil, and some locals are concerned about the safety of the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘A Dynamite Factory in Our Backyard’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a Saturday morning in January, about 150 people gathered at a playground in Pittsburg. Greg Osorio, a local pastor stepped up to a microphone and got the rally started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They want to put a dynamite factory in our backyard with crude oil bombs,” he said. “Right next to housing. Turn around and look at that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A cluster of faded yellow metal oil tanks sit just behind the park. Each one is the size of a house. Right now they’re empty, and have been for 15 years. But they soon could be filled with crude oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Riding the Crude-by-Rail Boom\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14385\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/train.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14385 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/train.jpg\" alt=\"Tank cars on the tracks in Pittsburg. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tank cars on the tracks in Pittsburg. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pittsburgterminalproject.com/index.htm\">WesPac\u003c/a>, an Irvine-based company, is proposing to re-open and upgrade the tanks. The property, which includes a power plant that’s still in use, once belonged to PG&E and is now owned by an energy company called NRG. WesPac wants to take over the tanks to bring in oil, store it and redistribute it to Bay Area refineries to make into gasoline, diesel, jet fuel and other products. The $200 million project would be able to store up to 375,000 barrels of oil in 17 tanks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s consistent with the types of operations that are going on in that area already,” said \u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>Art Diefenbach, the project manager for WesPac. This is an existing facility in a traditionally industrial town, he says, so the project makes sense here. After the tanks were decommissioned, neighborhoods grew up around them, but Diefenbach says that won’t present a problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll be installing additional safety equipment and noise reduction equipment and air pollution control equipment so that it’s actually going to be better than it is today,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>Better, he means, than sitting empty. Plus, the project would create up to 40 permanent jobs, though those wouldn’t be guaranteed to Pittsburg residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But community members aren’t just concerned about the oil in the tanks; they’re also concerned about the trains that would deliver it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14372\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14372\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/crudebyrailincalifornia.png\" alt=\"Barrels of oil coming into California by train, 2009-2013. Data from the California Energy Commission.\" width=\"600\" height=\"371\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Barrels of oil coming into California by train, 2009-2013. Data from the \u003ca href=\"http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/petroleum/statistics/2013_crude_by_rail.html\">California Energy Commission\u003c/a>.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2008, there was no oil coming into California by rail. Last year in December alone, trains carried more than a million barrels into the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because there’s an oil boom in North Dakota and Canada, explained Tupper Hull, the spokesman for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wspa.org/\">Western States Petroleum Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problem that we have is, there’s not a terribly good infrastructure to get oil to the coasts where most of the refining and frankly most of the customers are, for that energy, located,” he said.\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without pipelines, oil companies are turning to trains. While crude delivered by rail accounts for a little less than two percent of all the oil California uses now, that may be changing. WesPac is one of six crude-by-rail projects being considered in the state. If they all get approved, rail could provide a quarter or more of California’s oil, according to the California Energy Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>More Trains, More Accidents\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But more crude-by-rail has led to more crude-by-rail accidents. Last summer in Quebec, 47 people died when an oil train exploded. In the past four months, there have been derailments in Pennsylvania, North Dakota, Alabama and New Brunswick, Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People here are concerned about that happening,” said Andres Soto, an organizer with \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbecal.org/\">Communities for a Better Environment\u003c/a>. “They’d rather prevent it than respond to it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pittsburg is a city that’s weathered industrial catastrophes before. In 1944, 320 people were killed when two Navy munitions ships in nearby Port Chicago exploded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andres Soto says he thinks oil companies aren’t being transparent about safety concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t want to admit the risk,” he said. “Because if they did, the community would say, ‘Not in my backyard.’ And the people have a right to say that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been some responses: The National Transportation Safety Board is \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/24/business/us-and-canada-urge-new-safety-rules-for-crude-oil-rail-shipments.html\">making recommendations\u003c/a> to improve crude-by-rail safety; Governor Jerry Brown’s budget proposal boosts funding for the agency that cleans up oil spills; Attorney General Kamala Harris wrote a letter to the Pittsburg planning department, expressing her concerns about the WesPac project, particularly the impacts on air quality and the risk of accidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tupper Hull says the companies he works with are aware of the safety concerns, and he expects there will be more regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14383\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 307px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/monterreys.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-14383 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/monterreys.jpg\" alt=\"Pittsburg residents George and Lyana Monterrey are among those leading protests against the oil terminal. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"307\" height=\"173\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pittsburg residents George and Lyana Monterrey are among those leading protests against the oil terminal. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re in one of these eras where the market has brought us good news, and now we’re catching up on the regulatory and the infrastructure side.” Good news, he said, because this is domestic oil—rather than from overseas—and it’s cheap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lyana Monterrey, a Pittsburg resident and one of the people leading the charge against the project, isn’t buying it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not here,” she said. “Not next to a community. You don’t sacrifice people, community for your profits. That’s wrong. That’s an injustice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of Pittsburg is\u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.pittsburg.ca.us/index.aspx?page=700\"> currently considering\u003c/a> the project. 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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14241\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/RS5657_Ivanpah5-e1392320592264.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14241\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/RS5657_Ivanpah5-e1392320592264.jpg\" alt=\"The Ivanpah solar project in the Mojave Desert, the largest solar farm in the world. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Ivanpah solar project in the Mojave Desert, the largest solar farm in the world. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The largest solar plant in the world officially starts generating electricity on Thursday. The Ivanpah solar farm, in California’s Mojave Desert about 40 miles south of Las Vegas, will produce enough electricity to power 140,000 homes per year.[contextly_sidebar id=”9a895c24be9201b555cdf2381bd2df09″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took nearly four years to build the massive plant, which was developed by Oakland-based BrightSource Energy. NRG and Google are also investors in the plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The facility is not without \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/as-worlds-largest-solar-thermal-plant-opens-california-looks-to-end-solar-wars/\">controversy\u003c/a>: its planning and construction included measures to protect the threatened desert tortoise to the tune of $55,000 per tortoise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Energy provided Ivanpah’s developers with a $1.6 billion loan guarantee in 2011. Ivanpah is one of seven massive solar plants scheduled to open in California in 2014. Together they’re part of the coming of age of big solar in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A–1eRAcQd0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14199\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14199\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/LaserBay-0506-11956DP_14-300dp-1-copy.jpg\" alt=\"Inside NIF, a football-field sized array of lasers. (NIF)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Inside NIF, a football-field sized array of lasers. (NIF)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nuclear fusion is the holy grail of clean energy. It’s the energy the sun runs on. It doesn’t generate greenhouse gases or nuclear waste. It’s also been pretty much out of reach for mere mortals like us to create. But Tuesday, physicists at Lawrence Livermore National Lab’s National Ignition Facility said they’ve taken a significant step.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2014/02/12/275896094/scientists-say-their-giant-laser-has-produced-nuclear-fusion\">NPR\u003c/a> gets into the details:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The laser is known as the \u003ca href=\"https://lasers.llnl.gov/\">National Ignition Facility\u003c/a>, or NIF. Constructed at a cost of more than $3 billion, it consists of 192 beams that take up the length of three football fields. For a brief moment, the beams can focus 500 trillion watts of power — more power than is being used in that same time across the entire United States — onto a target about the width of a No. 2 pencil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal is fusion: a process where hydrogen atoms are squeezed together to make helium atoms.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The milestone that scientists published today in the journal, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature13008.html\">Nature\u003c/a>, is this: more energy is coming out of that pellet of fuel than they’re putting in. But it’s not more energy than is in all those lasers \u003cem>overall\u003c/em>. Only about one percent of all the lasers’ energy is actually reaching the fuel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can think about this as a proof of principle,” Livermore Lab physicist Denise Hinkel told KQED. “Once we’ve performed the proof of principle it opens up the horizon and opportunities for different creative ways to use it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Science News calls it a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencenews.org/article/getting-warmer-attempt-reach-ignition\">modest milestone\u003c/a>“:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The reactions… produced nearly 10 times as much energy as the previous record for laser fusion research. But they still fall well short of recouping the energy supplied by the world’s most powerful laser.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a very important milestone,” says Steven Rose, a plasma physicist at Imperial College London. “However, there are many other milestones to pass.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>After scientists completed the experiment last fall, it generated some breathless headlines. This \u003ca href=\"http://news.sciencemag.org/physics/2013/10/fusion-breakthrough-nif-uh-not-really-%E2%80%A6\">article from Science\u003c/a> gives some perspective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past, NIF has come under \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/in-livermore-still-waiting-on-nuclear-fusion/\">criticism\u003c/a> for falling short of expectations. It cost $5 billion (that’s construction plus operating costs), and missed its target of achieving ignition by October, 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Want more NIF? Here’s a video KQED produced about it before it opened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dmIHD6P3rdo\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14199\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14199\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/LaserBay-0506-11956DP_14-300dp-1-copy.jpg\" alt=\"Inside NIF, a football-field sized array of lasers. (NIF)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Inside NIF, a football-field sized array of lasers. (NIF)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nuclear fusion is the holy grail of clean energy. It’s the energy the sun runs on. It doesn’t generate greenhouse gases or nuclear waste. It’s also been pretty much out of reach for mere mortals like us to create. But Tuesday, physicists at Lawrence Livermore National Lab’s National Ignition Facility said they’ve taken a significant step.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2014/02/12/275896094/scientists-say-their-giant-laser-has-produced-nuclear-fusion\">NPR\u003c/a> gets into the details:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The laser is known as the \u003ca href=\"https://lasers.llnl.gov/\">National Ignition Facility\u003c/a>, or NIF. Constructed at a cost of more than $3 billion, it consists of 192 beams that take up the length of three football fields. For a brief moment, the beams can focus 500 trillion watts of power — more power than is being used in that same time across the entire United States — onto a target about the width of a No. 2 pencil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal is fusion: a process where hydrogen atoms are squeezed together to make helium atoms.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The milestone that scientists published today in the journal, \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature13008.html\">Nature\u003c/a>, is this: more energy is coming out of that pellet of fuel than they’re putting in. But it’s not more energy than is in all those lasers \u003cem>overall\u003c/em>. Only about one percent of all the lasers’ energy is actually reaching the fuel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can think about this as a proof of principle,” Livermore Lab physicist Denise Hinkel told KQED. “Once we’ve performed the proof of principle it opens up the horizon and opportunities for different creative ways to use it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Science News calls it a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencenews.org/article/getting-warmer-attempt-reach-ignition\">modest milestone\u003c/a>“:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The reactions… produced nearly 10 times as much energy as the previous record for laser fusion research. But they still fall well short of recouping the energy supplied by the world’s most powerful laser.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a very important milestone,” says Steven Rose, a plasma physicist at Imperial College London. “However, there are many other milestones to pass.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>After scientists completed the experiment last fall, it generated some breathless headlines. This \u003ca href=\"http://news.sciencemag.org/physics/2013/10/fusion-breakthrough-nif-uh-not-really-%E2%80%A6\">article from Science\u003c/a> gives some perspective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past, NIF has come under \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/in-livermore-still-waiting-on-nuclear-fusion/\">criticism\u003c/a> for falling short of expectations. It cost $5 billion (that’s construction plus operating costs), and missed its target of achieving ignition by October, 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Want more NIF? Here’s a video KQED produced about it before it opened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/dmIHD6P3rdo'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/dmIHD6P3rdo'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13901\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13901\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/shasta.jpg\" alt=\"Shasta Dam generates hydropower, controls floods and provides water to the Central Valley Project. (Deborah Svoboda/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shasta Dam generates hydropower, controls floods and provides water to the Central Valley Project. (Deborah Svoboda/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California’s deepening drought could have an effect on the electricity supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hydropower, which accounts for about 14 percent of the state’s power, comes from the mountains: reservoirs trap the snow as it melts, when the water is released it spins turbines and voila, electricity. But \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/products/rescond.pdf\">reservoir levels\u003c/a> are well below normal, stream flows are down to a trickle, and the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/01/30/sierra-snow-survey-offers-little-hope-as-drought-lingers/\">snowpack\u003c/a> is, frankly, pathetic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”731cb6d168a90f04a5853a258393280a”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no cause for concern about shortages, according to Steven Greenlee, a spokesman with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.caiso.com/Pages/default.aspx\">California Independent System Operator\u003c/a>, which manages California’s grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re used to balancing supply and demand whenever we have a sudden loss of a resource,” he said, pointing out that they deal with power plants and transmission lines going down all the time. But, he added, rates could go up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With less hydroelectricity on the grid, which is a very cost-efficient and effective resource, we may have to run more natural gas units, and natural gas is a bit higher in its base price,” Greenlee said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More natural gas also means more \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-and-you/affect/natural-gas.html\">air pollution\u003c/a>, though Greenlee said solar and wind energy will also help make up for the decrease in hydropower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drought is something utilities know to plan for in California, as the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/2014/02/04/6125877/drought-cuts-into-states-hydro.html\">Sacramento Bee explained\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Utilities are also being a lot more careful about running their hydro plants, holding off as much as possible until summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can hold onto water and use it during the summer,” said Paul Moreno\u003ca href=\"http://topics.sacbee.com/Paul+Moreno/\" rel=\"nofollow\">,\u003c/a> spokesman for Pacific Gas and Electric Co. “We are managing our available water resources so this summer we’ll be able to deliver power.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/science/climatewatch/waterandpower/\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13908 alignright\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/WarnerPowerAndWater300.jpg\" alt=\"WarnerPowerAndWater300\" width=\"300\" height=\"192\">\u003c/a>We explored the connection between water and power in California in a series couple years ago, and especially dug into how a \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/climatewatch/2012/06/17/hydropower-with-a-shrinking-snowpack/\">shrinking snowpack could affect electricity rates\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The years 2007-09 were dry, for example, and in those years, Juliet Christian-Smith from the \u003ca href=\"http://pacinst.org/\">Pacific Institute\u003c/a> calculated the cost, both financial and environmental:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>She ran the numbers and found that as utilities were forced to switch some of the load to natural gas-fired plants to make up the difference, “The cost to electricity consumers was about $1.7 billion dollars.” That’s billion, with a “B.” And here are some more billions from the same time frame: 13 billion additional tons of carbon dioxide emissions because, well, burning natural gas emits CO2 and hydropower does not. Christian-Smith says that, “Given the impact of this drought on our energy production possibilities and the costs that we had to pay for energy, it’s important to think about what a longer and more severe drought might do.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "California's deepening drought could have an effect on the electricity supply. Hydropower usually accounts for about 14 percent of the state's power, but with low reservoir levels, officials are preparing for it to be less.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With less hydroelectricity on the grid, which is a very cost-efficient and effective resource, we may have to run more natural gas units, and natural gas is a bit higher in its base price,” Greenlee said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More natural gas also means more \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-and-you/affect/natural-gas.html\">air pollution\u003c/a>, though Greenlee said solar and wind energy will also help make up for the decrease in hydropower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drought is something utilities know to plan for in California, as the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/2014/02/04/6125877/drought-cuts-into-states-hydro.html\">Sacramento Bee explained\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Utilities are also being a lot more careful about running their hydro plants, holding off as much as possible until summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can hold onto water and use it during the summer,” said Paul Moreno\u003ca href=\"http://topics.sacbee.com/Paul+Moreno/\" rel=\"nofollow\">,\u003c/a> spokesman for Pacific Gas and Electric Co. “We are managing our available water resources so this summer we’ll be able to deliver power.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/science/climatewatch/waterandpower/\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13908 alignright\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/WarnerPowerAndWater300.jpg\" alt=\"WarnerPowerAndWater300\" width=\"300\" height=\"192\">\u003c/a>We explored the connection between water and power in California in a series couple years ago, and especially dug into how a \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/climatewatch/2012/06/17/hydropower-with-a-shrinking-snowpack/\">shrinking snowpack could affect electricity rates\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The years 2007-09 were dry, for example, and in those years, Juliet Christian-Smith from the \u003ca href=\"http://pacinst.org/\">Pacific Institute\u003c/a> calculated the cost, both financial and environmental:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>She ran the numbers and found that as utilities were forced to switch some of the load to natural gas-fired plants to make up the difference, “The cost to electricity consumers was about $1.7 billion dollars.” That’s billion, with a “B.” And here are some more billions from the same time frame: 13 billion additional tons of carbon dioxide emissions because, well, burning natural gas emits CO2 and hydropower does not. Christian-Smith says that, “Given the impact of this drought on our energy production possibilities and the costs that we had to pay for energy, it’s important to think about what a longer and more severe drought might do.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13016\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13016\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/01/pittsburgoilprotest.jpg\" alt=\"About 150 people marched to Pittsburg city hall on Saturday, protesting a proposed oil terminal. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">About 150 people marched to Pittsburg city hall on Saturday, protesting a proposed oil terminal. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The East Bay city of Pittsburg is considering a new oil terminal, which would supply crude to Bay Area refineries. Some residents are hoping to stop the plan in its tracks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The terminal would bring in oil via ship, pipeline and railroad. At maximum capacity, it could handle 375,000 barrels of crude a day. Local residents are concerned about the effects it would have on air and water quality, and — in light of \u003ca href=\"http://www.nationaljournal.com/energy/regulators-face-growing-pressure-after-oil-by-rail-accidents-20140109\">a number of recent accidents\u003c/a> outside California — the safety of transporting crude oil by rail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a rally on Saturday, about 150 people gathered to protest the project, proposed by an Irvine-based energy company called \u003ca href=\"http://www.wespac.com/index01.html\">WesPac\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We got kids, we got grandkids, nieces and nephews and young people like myself who grew up here all our lives,” said Quincy Kaisa, president of the Pittsburg Ethics Council, a group formed to fight the oil terminal. “We hope to better the future of Pittsburg, but we can’t do that if WesPac is polluting our air and our water supply.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”7aba884b2c7b476e2da12e3cd59fb67d”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WesPac is proposing to re-open a marine terminal and oil storage facility that used to belong to PG&E. \u003ca href=\"http://www.pittsburgterminalproject.com/projectoverview.htm\">The company’s plan\u003c/a> is to update the existing infrastructure and to build a new rail terminal nearby, on property that would be leased from BNSF Railway Company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our project is going to be completely silent and odorless and the safest facility in the country for this type of business,” said WesPac project manager Art Diefenbach. “And it’s consistent with the types of operations that are going on in that area already.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Refineries here in the Bay Area have traditionally taken in crude via pipeline, from Southern California, or by ship, from Alaska or overseas. But California’s oil fields are producing less, while there’s a boom in the central part of the country, in places like North Dakota’s Bakken formation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil companies are eager to get access to the lower-cost crude, and the way to get that crude oil to refineries on the West Coast is by rail. Valero, in Benicia, is looking to build \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/valero-rail-project-fuels-tar-sands-speculation-in-bay-area/\">its own rail facility\u003c/a>, and there are \u003ca href=\"http://www.kansascity.com/2014/01/10/4742631/california-expects-more-crude.html\">other projects in the table\u003c/a> in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after a series of derailments and explosions, transporting crude oil by rail — especially from the Bakken Shale in North Dakota — is coming under closer scrutiny. \u003ca href=\"http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/portal/site/PHMSA/menuitem.ebdc7a8a7e39f2e55cf2031050248a0c/?vgnextoid=c6efec1c60f23410VgnVCM100000d2c97898RCRD&vgnextchannel=d248724dd7d6c010VgnVCM10000080e8a8c0RCRD&vgnextfmt=print\">Federal agencies are investigating\u003c/a> the risks of transporting Bakken crude by rail. And Governor Jerry Brown proposed boosting the funding for California’s oil spill response program in his \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/2014-15/pdf/BudgetSummary/NaturalResources.pdf\">budget proposal\u003c/a>, citing the expected increase of oil shipments by rail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.pittsburg.ca.us/index.aspx?page=700\">Pittsburg is preparing an environmental impact report\u003c/a> on the WesPac project. That’s expected to be completed sometime this month, after which the planning department and city council will decide whether it can go forward.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13016\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13016\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/01/pittsburgoilprotest.jpg\" alt=\"About 150 people marched to Pittsburg city hall on Saturday, protesting a proposed oil terminal. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">About 150 people marched to Pittsburg city hall on Saturday, protesting a proposed oil terminal. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The East Bay city of Pittsburg is considering a new oil terminal, which would supply crude to Bay Area refineries. Some residents are hoping to stop the plan in its tracks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The terminal would bring in oil via ship, pipeline and railroad. At maximum capacity, it could handle 375,000 barrels of crude a day. Local residents are concerned about the effects it would have on air and water quality, and — in light of \u003ca href=\"http://www.nationaljournal.com/energy/regulators-face-growing-pressure-after-oil-by-rail-accidents-20140109\">a number of recent accidents\u003c/a> outside California — the safety of transporting crude oil by rail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a rally on Saturday, about 150 people gathered to protest the project, proposed by an Irvine-based energy company called \u003ca href=\"http://www.wespac.com/index01.html\">WesPac\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We got kids, we got grandkids, nieces and nephews and young people like myself who grew up here all our lives,” said Quincy Kaisa, president of the Pittsburg Ethics Council, a group formed to fight the oil terminal. “We hope to better the future of Pittsburg, but we can’t do that if WesPac is polluting our air and our water supply.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WesPac is proposing to re-open a marine terminal and oil storage facility that used to belong to PG&E. \u003ca href=\"http://www.pittsburgterminalproject.com/projectoverview.htm\">The company’s plan\u003c/a> is to update the existing infrastructure and to build a new rail terminal nearby, on property that would be leased from BNSF Railway Company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our project is going to be completely silent and odorless and the safest facility in the country for this type of business,” said WesPac project manager Art Diefenbach. “And it’s consistent with the types of operations that are going on in that area already.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Refineries here in the Bay Area have traditionally taken in crude via pipeline, from Southern California, or by ship, from Alaska or overseas. But California’s oil fields are producing less, while there’s a boom in the central part of the country, in places like North Dakota’s Bakken formation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil companies are eager to get access to the lower-cost crude, and the way to get that crude oil to refineries on the West Coast is by rail. Valero, in Benicia, is looking to build \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/valero-rail-project-fuels-tar-sands-speculation-in-bay-area/\">its own rail facility\u003c/a>, and there are \u003ca href=\"http://www.kansascity.com/2014/01/10/4742631/california-expects-more-crude.html\">other projects in the table\u003c/a> in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after a series of derailments and explosions, transporting crude oil by rail — especially from the Bakken Shale in North Dakota — is coming under closer scrutiny. \u003ca href=\"http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/portal/site/PHMSA/menuitem.ebdc7a8a7e39f2e55cf2031050248a0c/?vgnextoid=c6efec1c60f23410VgnVCM100000d2c97898RCRD&vgnextchannel=d248724dd7d6c010VgnVCM10000080e8a8c0RCRD&vgnextfmt=print\">Federal agencies are investigating\u003c/a> the risks of transporting Bakken crude by rail. And Governor Jerry Brown proposed boosting the funding for California’s oil spill response program in his \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/2014-15/pdf/BudgetSummary/NaturalResources.pdf\">budget proposal\u003c/a>, citing the expected increase of oil shipments by rail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.pittsburg.ca.us/index.aspx?page=700\">Pittsburg is preparing an environmental impact report\u003c/a> on the WesPac project. That’s expected to be completed sometime this month, after which the planning department and city council will decide whether it can go forward.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Governor's Budget Plan Getting High Marks from Environmentalists",
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"content": "\u003cp>Environmental groups are generally lauding \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/FullBudgetSummary.pdf\">Governor Jerry Brown’s proposed budget\u003c/a>, which includes an outline for spending revenue from the state’s carbon auctions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/11/14/five-reasons-you-should-care-about-california%E2%80%99s-cap-and-trade-carbon-market/\">cap-and-trade program\u003c/a> charges companies for the right to pollute. Fees are then supposed to be used for programs aimed at cutting greenhouse gas emissions and to shield consumers from any hikes in their electric bill caused by the regulation. Brown’s budget proposes how to spend $850 million from the program:\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12899\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12899\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/01/capandtradebudget.jpg\" alt=\"(Source: Governor's Full Budget Summary)\" width=\"640\" height=\"429\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Source: Governor’s Full Budget Summary)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A quarter of the revenue is required to go towards helping environmentally disadvantaged areas, with one tenth invested within those communities.[contextly_sidebar id=”981f6f2762c3416bfb4ebc29109a638d”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The most vulnerable to climate change are those who are low-income and communities of color,” said Mari Rose Taruc with the \u003ca href=\"http://apen4ej.org/\">Asian Pacific Environmental Network\u003c/a>. “A few of the priority investment areas include energy efficiency for low-income homes. It includes affordable transit-oriented development as part of a broader sustainable communities strategy, as well as urban forestry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the governor outraged environmentalists by \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/05/14/enviros-livid-as-brown-diverts-cap-and-trade-funds/\">“borrowing” cap-and-trade revenues\u003c/a> to balance the general fund. This year’s budget includes $100 million being repaid from that loan, plus $750 million in expected revenue from the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The overall budget picture is rosier than in years past, as KQED’s Sacramento bureau chief \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/01/09/happy-days-are-here-again-brown-unveils-106-billion-budget-draft/\">Scott Detrow explains\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Brace yourself, Californians: There’s no state budget crisis this year. Repeat: \u003cem>No crisis. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown didn’t actually say those exact words this morning as he unveiled \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/2014-15/BudgetSummary/BSS/BSS.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">his spending plan\u003c/a> for the next fiscal year, but he did sound a rare note of budget optimism. “For this year, there is very good news,” Brown said. “Good news in the fiscal stability and resources available for the state of California.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Other environmental budget items include $785,000 for \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/who-profits-from-proposition-65-part-one/\">Proposition 65 reform\u003c/a>; $655 million for state parks, including $40 million to catch up on deferred maintenance; $6.7 million for oil spill prevention and response, with an eye toward the expected increase in shipments of \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/12/04/tank-battle-activists-take-aim-at-bay-area-crude-projects/\">crude oil by rail\u003c/a>; and $618 million for water-related spending, including conservation, infrastructure, flood prevention, drinking water and habitat restoration\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked in a press conference this morning about more immediate water concerns in this \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/01/02/2013-californias-big-dry/\">very dry year\u003c/a>, Brown said he’ll do everything “humanly possible” to address water resources, but added, “Governors can’t make it rain.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Environmental groups are generally lauding \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/FullBudgetSummary.pdf\">Governor Jerry Brown’s proposed budget\u003c/a>, which includes an outline for spending revenue from the state’s carbon auctions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/11/14/five-reasons-you-should-care-about-california%E2%80%99s-cap-and-trade-carbon-market/\">cap-and-trade program\u003c/a> charges companies for the right to pollute. Fees are then supposed to be used for programs aimed at cutting greenhouse gas emissions and to shield consumers from any hikes in their electric bill caused by the regulation. Brown’s budget proposes how to spend $850 million from the program:\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12899\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12899\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/01/capandtradebudget.jpg\" alt=\"(Source: Governor's Full Budget Summary)\" width=\"640\" height=\"429\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Source: Governor’s Full Budget Summary)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A quarter of the revenue is required to go towards helping environmentally disadvantaged areas, with one tenth invested within those communities.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The most vulnerable to climate change are those who are low-income and communities of color,” said Mari Rose Taruc with the \u003ca href=\"http://apen4ej.org/\">Asian Pacific Environmental Network\u003c/a>. “A few of the priority investment areas include energy efficiency for low-income homes. It includes affordable transit-oriented development as part of a broader sustainable communities strategy, as well as urban forestry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the governor outraged environmentalists by \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/05/14/enviros-livid-as-brown-diverts-cap-and-trade-funds/\">“borrowing” cap-and-trade revenues\u003c/a> to balance the general fund. This year’s budget includes $100 million being repaid from that loan, plus $750 million in expected revenue from the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The overall budget picture is rosier than in years past, as KQED’s Sacramento bureau chief \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/01/09/happy-days-are-here-again-brown-unveils-106-billion-budget-draft/\">Scott Detrow explains\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Brace yourself, Californians: There’s no state budget crisis this year. Repeat: \u003cem>No crisis. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown didn’t actually say those exact words this morning as he unveiled \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/2014-15/BudgetSummary/BSS/BSS.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">his spending plan\u003c/a> for the next fiscal year, but he did sound a rare note of budget optimism. “For this year, there is very good news,” Brown said. “Good news in the fiscal stability and resources available for the state of California.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Other environmental budget items include $785,000 for \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/who-profits-from-proposition-65-part-one/\">Proposition 65 reform\u003c/a>; $655 million for state parks, including $40 million to catch up on deferred maintenance; $6.7 million for oil spill prevention and response, with an eye toward the expected increase in shipments of \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/12/04/tank-battle-activists-take-aim-at-bay-area-crude-projects/\">crude oil by rail\u003c/a>; and $618 million for water-related spending, including conservation, infrastructure, flood prevention, drinking water and habitat restoration\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked in a press conference this morning about more immediate water concerns in this \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/01/02/2013-californias-big-dry/\">very dry year\u003c/a>, Brown said he’ll do everything “humanly possible” to address water resources, but added, “Governors can’t make it rain.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Ford Motor company is trying to be the first on the road with a solar-powered car for everyday use. The company is unveiling its concept model at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cesweb.org/\">Consumer Electronics Show\u003c/a> in Las Vegas this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-12749\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/01/C-MAXSolarEnergi_10.jpg\" alt=\"C-MAXSolarEnergi_10\" width=\"640\" height=\"377\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford has taken its\u003ca href=\"http://www.ford.com/cars/cmax/trim/energi/\"> C-MAX Energi plug-in hybrid\u003c/a>, a gas and electric powered car, and lined its rooftop with solar panels provided by San Jose-based \u003ca href=\"http://us.sunpower.com/\">SunPower\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 300 watts of energy the rooftop solar panels generate are not nearly enough for a full day’s charge, but the company has tried to solve that problem by building a solar-charging carport. “When you park that car under a concentrator, basically a magnifying glass,” Ford’s Mike Tinskey says, “we can actually, in six hours, get a full 21 miles of range on that vehicle and that’s the part we are really excited about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Using 19th century technology to harness the sun\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not clear what you would do during those six hours that the car is charging. Most electric car drivers charge at home, at night, when electricity is cheapest. Ford’s solar-charging carports would need to be in a very sunny place. But what’s kind of cool about Ford’s large magnifying glass thingy, is that the company is using a 19th century technology, a \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresnel_lens\">Fresnel lens\u003c/a>, to harness the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were invented a long time ago for lighthouse use to take a single light and make it visible for a long distance. So we are using that same concept that was invented back in the 1800s to magnify the sun on top of our vehicle,” says Tinskey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you are saying, “Hey, what about the fact that the sun moves during the day,” well, good question and Ford has tried to address that. You can see their special solar-charging canopy and tracking system in this video.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvEhtqcbJ4U?rel=0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>100 miles per gallon\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just like other plug-in electric hybrids, after the battery runs out of fuel, in this case, solar energy, Ford’s solar concept car can then switch over and run on gasoline. Ford says the car can get 100 miles per gallon in city and highway driving combined. That’s more than enough to cut down on greenhouse gas emissions and be eligible for the HOV (carpool) lane.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While this concept car may never make it to mass production — the company would have to build an entire infrastructure of solar-charging carports — some of the technology could end up in a solar-powered car in the future.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Ford Motor company is trying to be the first on the road with a solar-powered car for everyday use. The company is unveiling its concept model at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cesweb.org/\">Consumer Electronics Show\u003c/a> in Las Vegas this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-12749\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/01/C-MAXSolarEnergi_10.jpg\" alt=\"C-MAXSolarEnergi_10\" width=\"640\" height=\"377\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford has taken its\u003ca href=\"http://www.ford.com/cars/cmax/trim/energi/\"> C-MAX Energi plug-in hybrid\u003c/a>, a gas and electric powered car, and lined its rooftop with solar panels provided by San Jose-based \u003ca href=\"http://us.sunpower.com/\">SunPower\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 300 watts of energy the rooftop solar panels generate are not nearly enough for a full day’s charge, but the company has tried to solve that problem by building a solar-charging carport. “When you park that car under a concentrator, basically a magnifying glass,” Ford’s Mike Tinskey says, “we can actually, in six hours, get a full 21 miles of range on that vehicle and that’s the part we are really excited about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Using 19th century technology to harness the sun\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not clear what you would do during those six hours that the car is charging. Most electric car drivers charge at home, at night, when electricity is cheapest. Ford’s solar-charging carports would need to be in a very sunny place. But what’s kind of cool about Ford’s large magnifying glass thingy, is that the company is using a 19th century technology, a \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresnel_lens\">Fresnel lens\u003c/a>, to harness the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were invented a long time ago for lighthouse use to take a single light and make it visible for a long distance. So we are using that same concept that was invented back in the 1800s to magnify the sun on top of our vehicle,” says Tinskey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you are saying, “Hey, what about the fact that the sun moves during the day,” well, good question and Ford has tried to address that. You can see their special solar-charging canopy and tracking system in this video.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvEhtqcbJ4U?rel=0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>100 miles per gallon\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just like other plug-in electric hybrids, after the battery runs out of fuel, in this case, solar energy, Ford’s solar concept car can then switch over and run on gasoline. Ford says the car can get 100 miles per gallon in city and highway driving combined. That’s more than enough to cut down on greenhouse gas emissions and be eligible for the HOV (carpool) lane.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While this concept car may never make it to mass production — the company would have to build an entire infrastructure of solar-charging carports — some of the technology could end up in a solar-powered car in the future.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"headTitle": "2013: Progress, But Long Road Ahead to California Climate Goals | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>2013 was a pivotal year for California’s efforts to confront the increasingly ominous threats from climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nation’s broadest cap-and-trade program for carbon pollution kicked in, and Governor Jerry Brown joined in two \u003ca title=\"Q-Sci - post\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/10/28/climate-pact-west-coast-states-bc-vow-to-step-up-attack-on-warming/\">new multi-state pacts\u003c/a> aimed at curbing emissions. But seven years after passing its landmark climate law, California’s journey toward attaining its climate goals has just begun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12580\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12580\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/traffic.jpg\" alt=\"A key way for California to cut emissions is by boosting low- and zero-emission vehicles. (Deborah Svoboda/KQED) \" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A key way for California to cut emissions is by boosting low- and zero-emission vehicles. (Deborah Svoboda/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After years of effort by California policymakers to shrink the state’s carbon footprint, the darnedest thing happened: the economy rebounded from its three-year recession—and \u003ca title=\"Bloomberg - post\" href=\"http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-11-04/california-emissions-climb-in-2012-on-low-nuclear-hydro-supply.html\">so did greenhouse gas emissions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over the past year, for instance, we’ve begun to see that emissions are rising again,” says Stanley Young with the California Air Resources Board. “But the interesting thing is that they are not rising as fast as the California economy is growing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young’s agency is charged with \u003ca title=\"CARB - scoping plan\" href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/scopingplan/scopingplan.htm\">developing rules\u003c/a> to meet the state’s legislated mandate to cut carbon emissions back to 1990 levels, by 2020. Young is not deterred by the post-recession set-back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will be able to make our 2020 goals,” he said in an interview. “That is clear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s not so clear is what happens after that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our best guess is that we are well on our way to meeting the 2020 standard, so the policies that we have in place do seem to be sufficient for that,” says\u003ca title=\"LBNL - Greenblatt\" href=\"http://eetd.lbl.gov/people/jeffery-greenblatt\"> Jeff Greenblatt\u003c/a>, an energy scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. “But looking to 2030 and beyond, we’re gonna have to do more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The 80 percent solution\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greenblatt raised some eyebrows in early November when he \u003ca title=\"LBNL - Report\" href=\"http://eetd.lbl.gov/news/article/57123/estimating-policy-driven-greenh\">published projections\u003c/a> of what it will take to hit California’s long-term goal, set by executive order during the Schwarzenegger years: an 80 percent cut in emissions by 2050.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Air Board’s Young sees it, California is on a roll: “We’re seeing far more electric vehicles on the road, for instance. That’s an important part of the plan.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even with the recent impressive growth of plug-in electric cars, it’s early in the game. California just\u003ca title=\"Q-Sci - post\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/10/24/california-joins-eight-state-roadmap-toward-more-electric-cars/\"> joined with seven other states\u003c/a> in a push to get 3.3 million “zero-emission” vehicles on the road by 2025. Depending on what you count, there are 25 to 30 million registered vehicles on the road right now, just in California—and Greenblatt says 80 to 90 percent would have to be zero-emission (electric or otherwise) to get to that 2050 goal, because transportation accounts for the biggest single chunk of California’s carbon footprint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These cars are driving around all over the place, so you can’t capture the CO2 from their tailpipes and store it somewhere,” Greenblatt explained in a recent interview. “So it’s very important to be able to shift to a low-carbon energy carrier like electricity or like hydrogen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Decarbonizing your electrical outlets\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, electric cars are only as clean as the juice that powers them. Regulators say the state is on track to hit another key target for 2020: generating one-third of its electrical power from renewable sources like wind, solar and geothermal. But by Greenblatt’s reckoning, that won’t be enough for the long haul, either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We essentially need our electricity system to run without any carbon emissions at all in 2050.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yikes. That’s 100 percent carbon-free electricity. But that daunting assertion doesn’t mean all renewable power, which is good because many experts agree that goal may not be possible. Some have calculated that \u003ca title=\"NPR - story\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/2013/12/02/248230187/slashing-fossil-fuel-consumption-comes-with-a-price\">80 percent renewables\u003c/a> may be technically feasible—but not without a major update to the electrical grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We may still need to burn some natural gas and capture its carbon emissions, so they don’t get into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the shutdown of Southern California Edison’s San Onofre nuclear power plant near San Diego, utilities have used natural gas to replace the carbon-free nuclear power lost from the grid. That set off alarms with environmental groups, who took to the streets in San Francisco this month, demanding that state regulators require renewable replacement power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>An optimist in spite of the numbers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I guess I would say, I’m an optimist but I don’t think this is gonna happen without a lot of trial and challenge, says Greenblatt, who expressed concern that his report was misconstrued in news accounts when it came out in November. He says it’s not that we can’t get to the 2050 goals. It’s that we won’t get there unless we step up our game—even beyond the aggressive policies the state has put in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why this year, the Air Board rolled out \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/scopingplan/2013_update/discussion_draft.pdf\">a revised playbook\u003c/a> that includes some new initiatives and suggested the state adopt new 2030 goals, moving the target a little closer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need a midpoint,” says the Air Board’s Young. “2050 is too far off to really grasp. From a broad policy perspective, we can take a look at where we need to be. But in terms of the programmatic elements, that’s a harder crystal ball.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already, the idea of a “midterm” target is raising hackles. Some say the state’s landmark climate law has no authority after 2020. So we might need a whole new law to keep things rolling. And even the state’s pioneering cap-and-trade program remains under legal assault from industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I refuse to give up,” says Greenblatt, who says he’s had to reassure his nine-year-old daughter that he’s working on the problem as hard as he can. “I want to live to see 2050 happen and to say we actually did this.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>2013 was a pivotal year for California’s efforts to confront the increasingly ominous threats from climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nation’s broadest cap-and-trade program for carbon pollution kicked in, and Governor Jerry Brown joined in two \u003ca title=\"Q-Sci - post\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/10/28/climate-pact-west-coast-states-bc-vow-to-step-up-attack-on-warming/\">new multi-state pacts\u003c/a> aimed at curbing emissions. But seven years after passing its landmark climate law, California’s journey toward attaining its climate goals has just begun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12580\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12580\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/traffic.jpg\" alt=\"A key way for California to cut emissions is by boosting low- and zero-emission vehicles. (Deborah Svoboda/KQED) \" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A key way for California to cut emissions is by boosting low- and zero-emission vehicles. (Deborah Svoboda/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After years of effort by California policymakers to shrink the state’s carbon footprint, the darnedest thing happened: the economy rebounded from its three-year recession—and \u003ca title=\"Bloomberg - post\" href=\"http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-11-04/california-emissions-climb-in-2012-on-low-nuclear-hydro-supply.html\">so did greenhouse gas emissions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over the past year, for instance, we’ve begun to see that emissions are rising again,” says Stanley Young with the California Air Resources Board. “But the interesting thing is that they are not rising as fast as the California economy is growing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young’s agency is charged with \u003ca title=\"CARB - scoping plan\" href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/scopingplan/scopingplan.htm\">developing rules\u003c/a> to meet the state’s legislated mandate to cut carbon emissions back to 1990 levels, by 2020. Young is not deterred by the post-recession set-back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will be able to make our 2020 goals,” he said in an interview. “That is clear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s not so clear is what happens after that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our best guess is that we are well on our way to meeting the 2020 standard, so the policies that we have in place do seem to be sufficient for that,” says\u003ca title=\"LBNL - Greenblatt\" href=\"http://eetd.lbl.gov/people/jeffery-greenblatt\"> Jeff Greenblatt\u003c/a>, an energy scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. “But looking to 2030 and beyond, we’re gonna have to do more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The 80 percent solution\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greenblatt raised some eyebrows in early November when he \u003ca title=\"LBNL - Report\" href=\"http://eetd.lbl.gov/news/article/57123/estimating-policy-driven-greenh\">published projections\u003c/a> of what it will take to hit California’s long-term goal, set by executive order during the Schwarzenegger years: an 80 percent cut in emissions by 2050.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Air Board’s Young sees it, California is on a roll: “We’re seeing far more electric vehicles on the road, for instance. That’s an important part of the plan.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even with the recent impressive growth of plug-in electric cars, it’s early in the game. California just\u003ca title=\"Q-Sci - post\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/10/24/california-joins-eight-state-roadmap-toward-more-electric-cars/\"> joined with seven other states\u003c/a> in a push to get 3.3 million “zero-emission” vehicles on the road by 2025. Depending on what you count, there are 25 to 30 million registered vehicles on the road right now, just in California—and Greenblatt says 80 to 90 percent would have to be zero-emission (electric or otherwise) to get to that 2050 goal, because transportation accounts for the biggest single chunk of California’s carbon footprint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These cars are driving around all over the place, so you can’t capture the CO2 from their tailpipes and store it somewhere,” Greenblatt explained in a recent interview. “So it’s very important to be able to shift to a low-carbon energy carrier like electricity or like hydrogen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Decarbonizing your electrical outlets\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, electric cars are only as clean as the juice that powers them. Regulators say the state is on track to hit another key target for 2020: generating one-third of its electrical power from renewable sources like wind, solar and geothermal. But by Greenblatt’s reckoning, that won’t be enough for the long haul, either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We essentially need our electricity system to run without any carbon emissions at all in 2050.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yikes. That’s 100 percent carbon-free electricity. But that daunting assertion doesn’t mean all renewable power, which is good because many experts agree that goal may not be possible. Some have calculated that \u003ca title=\"NPR - story\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/2013/12/02/248230187/slashing-fossil-fuel-consumption-comes-with-a-price\">80 percent renewables\u003c/a> may be technically feasible—but not without a major update to the electrical grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We may still need to burn some natural gas and capture its carbon emissions, so they don’t get into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the shutdown of Southern California Edison’s San Onofre nuclear power plant near San Diego, utilities have used natural gas to replace the carbon-free nuclear power lost from the grid. That set off alarms with environmental groups, who took to the streets in San Francisco this month, demanding that state regulators require renewable replacement power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>An optimist in spite of the numbers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I guess I would say, I’m an optimist but I don’t think this is gonna happen without a lot of trial and challenge, says Greenblatt, who expressed concern that his report was misconstrued in news accounts when it came out in November. He says it’s not that we can’t get to the 2050 goals. It’s that we won’t get there unless we step up our game—even beyond the aggressive policies the state has put in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why this year, the Air Board rolled out \u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/scopingplan/2013_update/discussion_draft.pdf\">a revised playbook\u003c/a> that includes some new initiatives and suggested the state adopt new 2030 goals, moving the target a little closer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need a midpoint,” says the Air Board’s Young. “2050 is too far off to really grasp. From a broad policy perspective, we can take a look at where we need to be. But in terms of the programmatic elements, that’s a harder crystal ball.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already, the idea of a “midterm” target is raising hackles. Some say the state’s landmark climate law has no authority after 2020. So we might need a whole new law to keep things rolling. 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"title": "49ers Tackle Sustainability With New Green Stadium",
"headTitle": "49ers Tackle Sustainability With New Green Stadium | KQED",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"audio-wrap\">\n\u003ch2>Listen:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2013/12/20131223science.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>On Monday the 49ers take the field for their last regular season game in Candlestick Park. Though they look good for the playoffs, this is likely their last game at Candlestick, period, ending a 43-year run in the stadium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Niners fans may miss the cold weather at Candlestick (OK, maybe not all of them will), but, in addition to Santa Clara’s balmier weather, fans can look forward to solar panels, bicycle parking and a native plant garden. Levi’s Stadium — the 49ers’ new home in Santa Clara — is being touted as the greenest stadium in the NFL.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12251\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/stadiumview.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12251 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/stadiumview.jpg\" alt=\"Levi's Stadium, the 49ers' new home in Santa Clara, is replacing Candlestick, one of the oldest parks in the NFL. (Molly Samuel/KQED) \" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Levi’s Stadium, the 49ers’ new home in Santa Clara, is replacing Candlestick, one of the oldest parks in the NFL. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The $1.3 billion project is almost complete. The day I visited, construction workers were installing interiors in the suites (those are inside the large glassy rectangle in the photo above) and putting seats in the stands. A big “Levi’s Stadium” sign was already up over one of the giant video boards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levi’s Stadium project executive Jack Hill showed me around the stadium, starting at the top. From the roof above the stadium’s suites (what Hill calls the suite tower) we had a view of San Francisco Bay on one side and the coastal hills on the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We love coming up here. It’s kind of fun to see the progress on the stadium,” he said. “I tell everybody I’ve got the coolest job in the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12291\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 380px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/IMG_5134.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12291 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/IMG_5134.jpg\" alt=\"As project executive, Jack Hill oversees the construction of Levi's Stadium. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"380\" height=\"214\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">As project executive, Jack Hill oversees the construction of Levi’s Stadium. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Solar photovoltaic panels are installed here on the roof and on pedestrian bridges connecting the parking lot to the park. In total, there will be about 20,000 square feet of panels, enough to stretch from the end zone to the 50-yard line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They won’t provide all the electricity to run the stadium — actually only a small percentage of it — but by generating power all year, they’ll offset what’s used for up to 10 game days, according to team officials. Hill says, on average, a football game uses 3.5 to four megawatts, about as much power as 3,000 homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other football stadiums with more solar panels, in Philadelphia and Washington D.C., for instance. But there’s one thing on the roof Hill is fairly sure no other team has yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The area that you see with all the black tarps over it, with the dirt underneath it, that’s our green roof,” he said. It will be a native plant garden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hill, who oversaw construction of the Dallas Cowboys’ new stadium, says he’s used to dealing with landscaping. (The point of all this, let’s not forget, is the football field.) But a rooftop garden takes some different thinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want something that’s full, something that’s fairly low,” he said. “Something that’s easy to maintain. Something that doesn’t require a lot of water. And something that’s pretty.” Also, nothing with the colors of a rival team, like the Cowboys. “We avoid blue and silver, and I guess we’re gonna have to start avoiding green and blue, from the Seahawks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12292\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/stadiumroof.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12292 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/stadiumroof.jpg\" alt=\"There will be a garden on the roof over the suites in Levi's Stadium. Solar panels are mounted on the structure on left side. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">There will be a garden on the roof over the suites in Levi’s Stadium. Solar panels are mounted on the structure on left side. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The garden and the field will be watered with recycled water, supplied by a nearby wastewater treatment plant. Hill took me down to field level to show me the pipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is like a little city down here. You have to maintain the field, you have to maintain all the electrical, plumbing,” he said. “You see the purple pipe? That’s all recycled water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The toilets in this stadium are low-flow, and they’ll use the recycled water, too. Other environmental measures include recycling most of the construction debris and using highly efficient LEDs for about 40 percent of the lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘The traditional arrangement is a stadium with a sea of asphalt around it.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Levi’s Stadium is on track to earn a gold certification from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.usgbc.org/leed\">U.S. Green Building Council\u003c/a>, the second-highest rating possible. It would be the first new pro-football stadium to earn LEED gold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not just what’s inside the stadium that makes it green. The team is encouraging more environmentally-friendly transportation to and from the games, as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most of the traditional arrangement is a stadium with a sea of asphalt around it and everybody parks right around the stadium,” said Kevin Riley, the director of planning and inspection for the city of Santa Clara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12312\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/suiteview.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12312\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/suiteview.jpg\" alt=\"The view from one of the suites in Levi's Stadium. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The view from one of the suites in Levi’s Stadium. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>We were standing across the street from the stadium, which still has a fair amount of asphalt around it, though fewer dedicated parking spaces than most stadiums have. There are train tracks, too; the VTA, which connects to CalTrain, stops here and there’s an Amtrak stop nearby. There’s also bike parking, which opens up the possibility of bicycle tailgating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for cars, Riley explained, to keep the stadium’s footprint smaller, it’s the team’s job to rent parking from nearby technology companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The goal always was, go out there and beat the bushes, find the guys who are willing to make some money off of selling parking spaces,” he told me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that hasn’t been totally successful: the 49ers haven’t found enough parking for Monday or Thursday night games, when fans would be pulling in before businesses close. So next season, home games will \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/southbayfootball/ci_24571696/49ers-wont-play-monday-night-football-at-santa\">be only on Sundays\u003c/a>. Opponents of the stadium \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/science/ci_24543355/new-49ers-stadium-is-it-really-environmentally-friendly?IADID=Search-www.mercurynews.com-www.mercurynews.com\">have expressed concerns\u003c/a> about traffic and parking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A green NFL stadium sets a good example, said David Lehrer of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbe.berkeley.edu/\">Center for the Built Environment\u003c/a> at the University of California, Berkeley’s. But he pointed out that being environmentally-friendly doesn’t just mean building green.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘The important thing is that people are building buildings and structures and spaces that are going to be used for a long time.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“You go to one of these events, when you walk out it’s littered with all kinds of garbage,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara will have recycling at the stadium, and Riley said they’re looking into composting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bu there’s the larger issue, Lehrer pointed out, of whether the stadium will be used enough to make up for all the energy that’s going into building it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the important thing is that people are building buildings and structures and spaces that are going to be used for a long time,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Candlestick, which opened in 1960, is one of the oldest parks in the NFL. Stadiums like nearly-90-year-old Soldier Field in Chicago are a rarity, because \u003ca href=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/kurtbadenhausen/2013/08/14/nfl-stadiums-by-the-numbers/\">teams make money on new stadiums\u003c/a> by selling fancy seats, ad space and naming rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the best scenario for the 49ers’ green legacy could be for the team to play well and for the fans to keep coming, making it worth it for the Niners to stick around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12314\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/fieldview.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12314\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/fieldview.jpg\" alt=\"The view from the field. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The view from the field. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You know, at the end of the day, there’s going to be between 65– and 70,00 people that are going to sit in a seat, order a hotdog, go to the restroom, and enjoy the entertainment on the field,” Hill said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levi’s Stadium’s first event will be in August 2014, when San Jose’s pro-soccer team the Earthquakes break in the field. The Niners pick it up that fall. And Santa Clara will host the Super Bowl in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "49ers fans may miss the cold weather at Candlestick Park, but can look forward to solar panels, bicycle parking and grass watered with recycled water. Levi’s Stadium in Santa Clara is being touted as the greenest stadium in the NFL. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>On Monday the 49ers take the field for their last regular season game in Candlestick Park. Though they look good for the playoffs, this is likely their last game at Candlestick, period, ending a 43-year run in the stadium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Niners fans may miss the cold weather at Candlestick (OK, maybe not all of them will), but, in addition to Santa Clara’s balmier weather, fans can look forward to solar panels, bicycle parking and a native plant garden. Levi’s Stadium — the 49ers’ new home in Santa Clara — is being touted as the greenest stadium in the NFL.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12251\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/stadiumview.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12251 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/stadiumview.jpg\" alt=\"Levi's Stadium, the 49ers' new home in Santa Clara, is replacing Candlestick, one of the oldest parks in the NFL. (Molly Samuel/KQED) \" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Levi’s Stadium, the 49ers’ new home in Santa Clara, is replacing Candlestick, one of the oldest parks in the NFL. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The $1.3 billion project is almost complete. The day I visited, construction workers were installing interiors in the suites (those are inside the large glassy rectangle in the photo above) and putting seats in the stands. A big “Levi’s Stadium” sign was already up over one of the giant video boards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levi’s Stadium project executive Jack Hill showed me around the stadium, starting at the top. From the roof above the stadium’s suites (what Hill calls the suite tower) we had a view of San Francisco Bay on one side and the coastal hills on the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We love coming up here. It’s kind of fun to see the progress on the stadium,” he said. “I tell everybody I’ve got the coolest job in the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12291\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 380px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/IMG_5134.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12291 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/IMG_5134.jpg\" alt=\"As project executive, Jack Hill oversees the construction of Levi's Stadium. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"380\" height=\"214\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">As project executive, Jack Hill oversees the construction of Levi’s Stadium. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Solar photovoltaic panels are installed here on the roof and on pedestrian bridges connecting the parking lot to the park. In total, there will be about 20,000 square feet of panels, enough to stretch from the end zone to the 50-yard line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They won’t provide all the electricity to run the stadium — actually only a small percentage of it — but by generating power all year, they’ll offset what’s used for up to 10 game days, according to team officials. Hill says, on average, a football game uses 3.5 to four megawatts, about as much power as 3,000 homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other football stadiums with more solar panels, in Philadelphia and Washington D.C., for instance. But there’s one thing on the roof Hill is fairly sure no other team has yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The area that you see with all the black tarps over it, with the dirt underneath it, that’s our green roof,” he said. It will be a native plant garden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hill, who oversaw construction of the Dallas Cowboys’ new stadium, says he’s used to dealing with landscaping. (The point of all this, let’s not forget, is the football field.) But a rooftop garden takes some different thinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want something that’s full, something that’s fairly low,” he said. “Something that’s easy to maintain. Something that doesn’t require a lot of water. And something that’s pretty.” Also, nothing with the colors of a rival team, like the Cowboys. “We avoid blue and silver, and I guess we’re gonna have to start avoiding green and blue, from the Seahawks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12292\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/stadiumroof.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12292 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/stadiumroof.jpg\" alt=\"There will be a garden on the roof over the suites in Levi's Stadium. Solar panels are mounted on the structure on left side. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">There will be a garden on the roof over the suites in Levi’s Stadium. Solar panels are mounted on the structure on left side. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The garden and the field will be watered with recycled water, supplied by a nearby wastewater treatment plant. Hill took me down to field level to show me the pipes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is like a little city down here. You have to maintain the field, you have to maintain all the electrical, plumbing,” he said. “You see the purple pipe? That’s all recycled water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The toilets in this stadium are low-flow, and they’ll use the recycled water, too. Other environmental measures include recycling most of the construction debris and using highly efficient LEDs for about 40 percent of the lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘The traditional arrangement is a stadium with a sea of asphalt around it.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Levi’s Stadium is on track to earn a gold certification from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.usgbc.org/leed\">U.S. Green Building Council\u003c/a>, the second-highest rating possible. It would be the first new pro-football stadium to earn LEED gold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not just what’s inside the stadium that makes it green. The team is encouraging more environmentally-friendly transportation to and from the games, as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most of the traditional arrangement is a stadium with a sea of asphalt around it and everybody parks right around the stadium,” said Kevin Riley, the director of planning and inspection for the city of Santa Clara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12312\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/suiteview.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12312\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/suiteview.jpg\" alt=\"The view from one of the suites in Levi's Stadium. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The view from one of the suites in Levi’s Stadium. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>We were standing across the street from the stadium, which still has a fair amount of asphalt around it, though fewer dedicated parking spaces than most stadiums have. There are train tracks, too; the VTA, which connects to CalTrain, stops here and there’s an Amtrak stop nearby. There’s also bike parking, which opens up the possibility of bicycle tailgating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for cars, Riley explained, to keep the stadium’s footprint smaller, it’s the team’s job to rent parking from nearby technology companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The goal always was, go out there and beat the bushes, find the guys who are willing to make some money off of selling parking spaces,” he told me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that hasn’t been totally successful: the 49ers haven’t found enough parking for Monday or Thursday night games, when fans would be pulling in before businesses close. So next season, home games will \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/southbayfootball/ci_24571696/49ers-wont-play-monday-night-football-at-santa\">be only on Sundays\u003c/a>. Opponents of the stadium \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/science/ci_24543355/new-49ers-stadium-is-it-really-environmentally-friendly?IADID=Search-www.mercurynews.com-www.mercurynews.com\">have expressed concerns\u003c/a> about traffic and parking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A green NFL stadium sets a good example, said David Lehrer of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbe.berkeley.edu/\">Center for the Built Environment\u003c/a> at the University of California, Berkeley’s. But he pointed out that being environmentally-friendly doesn’t just mean building green.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘The important thing is that people are building buildings and structures and spaces that are going to be used for a long time.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“You go to one of these events, when you walk out it’s littered with all kinds of garbage,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara will have recycling at the stadium, and Riley said they’re looking into composting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bu there’s the larger issue, Lehrer pointed out, of whether the stadium will be used enough to make up for all the energy that’s going into building it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the important thing is that people are building buildings and structures and spaces that are going to be used for a long time,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Candlestick, which opened in 1960, is one of the oldest parks in the NFL. Stadiums like nearly-90-year-old Soldier Field in Chicago are a rarity, because \u003ca href=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/kurtbadenhausen/2013/08/14/nfl-stadiums-by-the-numbers/\">teams make money on new stadiums\u003c/a> by selling fancy seats, ad space and naming rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the best scenario for the 49ers’ green legacy could be for the team to play well and for the fans to keep coming, making it worth it for the Niners to stick around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12314\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/fieldview.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12314\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/fieldview.jpg\" alt=\"The view from the field. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The view from the field. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You know, at the end of the day, there’s going to be between 65– and 70,00 people that are going to sit in a seat, order a hotdog, go to the restroom, and enjoy the entertainment on the field,” Hill said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>From the debut of the world’s largest solar plant to Comet ISON, zombified bees to the physics of sailing — it’s been another year of diverse storytelling from the KQED Science team. Here’s a round-up of our top 10 stories (based on page views) that you’ve enjoyed in 2013. Please let us know what other stories you’ve enjoyed in the comments section below and if there’s anything you’d like to see in the coming season!\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/as-worlds-largest-solar-thermal-plant-opens-california-looks-to-end-solar-wars/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">As World’s Largest Solar Thermal Plant Opens, California Looks to End Solar Wars\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" link=\"file\" ids=\"5477,5479,5480,5478,5482,5481,5484\" width=\"640\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After controversy over a threatened species delayed several large solar projects, state officials are trying to broker an agreement between conservation groups and solar companies on a path forward for renewable energy. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/as-worlds-largest-solar-thermal-plant-opens-california-looks-to-end-solar-wars/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/video/zombees-flight-of-the-living-dead/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ZomBees: Flight of the Living Dead\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cobject width=\"639\" height=\"359\" classid=\"d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000\" codebase=\"http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0\">\u003cparam name=\"src\" value=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/jw-player-plugin-for-wordpress/player/player.swf\">\u003cparam name=\"allowscriptaccess\" value=\"always\">\u003cparam name=\"allowfullscreen\" value=\"true\">\u003cparam name=\"flashvars\" value=\"&bandwidth=2841&controlbar=over&dock=false&file=WS405_zombees.flv&image=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.kqed.org%2Fscience%2Fwp-content%2Fblogs.dir%2F48%2Ffiles%2F2013%2F10%2FZombees-side-640x360.jpg&gapro.accountid=UA-1538528-1&gapro.height=359&gapro.pluginmode=FLASH&gapro.trackpercentage=true&gapro.trackstarts=true&gapro.tracktime=true&gapro.visible=true&gapro.width=639&gapro.x=0&gapro.y=0&plugins=gapro-1&skin=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.kqed.org%2Fscience%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fjw-player-plugin-for-wordpress%2Fskins%2Fglow.zip&streamer=rtmp%3A%2F%2Fkqed-flash02.streamguys.us%2Fquest%2F&viral.allowmenu=true&viral.bgcolor=0x333333&viral.fgcolor=0xffffff&viral.functions=embed&viral.matchplayercolors=true&viral.oncomplete=false&viral.pluginmode=FLASH\">\u003cembed width=\"639\" height=\"359\" type=\"application/x-shockwave-flash\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/jw-player-plugin-for-wordpress/player/player.swf\" flashvars=\"&bandwidth=2841&controlbar=over&dock=false&file=WS405_zombees.flv&image=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.kqed.org%2Fscience%2Fwp-content%2Fblogs.dir%2F48%2Ffiles%2F2013%2F10%2FZombees-side-640x360.jpg&gapro.accountid=UA-1538528-1&gapro.height=359&gapro.pluginmode=FLASH&gapro.trackpercentage=true&gapro.trackstarts=true&gapro.tracktime=true&gapro.visible=true&gapro.width=639&gapro.x=0&gapro.y=0&plugins=gapro-1&skin=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.kqed.org%2Fscience%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fjw-player-plugin-for-wordpress%2Fskins%2Fglow.zip&streamer=rtmp%3A%2F%2Fkqed-flash02.streamguys.us%2Fquest%2F&viral.allowmenu=true&viral.bgcolor=0x333333&viral.fgcolor=0xffffff&viral.functions=embed&viral.matchplayercolors=true&viral.oncomplete=false&viral.pluginmode=FLASH\">\u003c/embed>\u003c/object>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Something strange and unsettling is happening to Bay Area honeybees. Entomologists at San Francisco State University have identified the culprit: a tiny parasitic fly is causing the bees to exhibit bizarre nocturnal behaviors before suffering a gruesome demise. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/video/zombees-flight-of-the-living-dead/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/video/silicon-valley-goes-to-space/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Silicon Valley Goes to Space\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cobject width=\"639\" height=\"359\" classid=\"d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000\" codebase=\"http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0\">\u003cparam name=\"src\" value=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/jw-player-plugin-for-wordpress/player/player.swf\">\u003cparam name=\"allowscriptaccess\" value=\"always\">\u003cparam name=\"allowfullscreen\" value=\"true\">\u003cparam name=\"flashvars\" value=\"&bandwidth=2841&controlbar=over&dock=false&file=KS101_svspace.flv&image=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.kqed.org%2Fscience%2Fwp-content%2Fblogs.dir%2F48%2Ffiles%2F2013%2F11%2F703_KQEDSci_Space_JRoy_Masten_14044207_2.jpg&gapro.accountid=UA-1538528-1&gapro.height=359&gapro.pluginmode=FLASH&gapro.trackpercentage=true&gapro.trackstarts=true&gapro.tracktime=true&gapro.visible=true&gapro.width=639&gapro.x=0&gapro.y=0&plugins=gapro-1&skin=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.kqed.org%2Fscience%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fjw-player-plugin-for-wordpress%2Fskins%2Fglow.zip&streamer=rtmp%3A%2F%2Fkqed-flash02.streamguys.us%2Fquest%2F&viral.allowmenu=true&viral.bgcolor=0x333333&viral.fgcolor=0xffffff&viral.functions=embed&viral.matchplayercolors=true&viral.oncomplete=false&viral.pluginmode=FLASH\">\u003cembed width=\"639\" height=\"359\" type=\"application/x-shockwave-flash\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/jw-player-plugin-for-wordpress/player/player.swf\" flashvars=\"&bandwidth=2841&controlbar=over&dock=false&file=KS101_svspace.flv&image=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.kqed.org%2Fscience%2Fwp-content%2Fblogs.dir%2F48%2Ffiles%2F2013%2F11%2F703_KQEDSci_Space_JRoy_Masten_14044207_2.jpg&gapro.accountid=UA-1538528-1&gapro.height=359&gapro.pluginmode=FLASH&gapro.trackpercentage=true&gapro.trackstarts=true&gapro.tracktime=true&gapro.visible=true&gapro.width=639&gapro.x=0&gapro.y=0&plugins=gapro-1&skin=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.kqed.org%2Fscience%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fjw-player-plugin-for-wordpress%2Fskins%2Fglow.zip&streamer=rtmp%3A%2F%2Fkqed-flash02.streamguys.us%2Fquest%2F&viral.allowmenu=true&viral.bgcolor=0x333333&viral.fgcolor=0xffffff&viral.functions=embed&viral.matchplayercolors=true&viral.oncomplete=false&viral.pluginmode=FLASH\">\u003c/embed>\u003c/object>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Commercial space ventures are taking off and opening up space like never before. With its culture of risk and game-changing startups, Silicon Valley is playing a starring role in many of these new space companies. But risks and costs emerge with the increasing privatization of space. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/video/silicon-valley-goes-to-space/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/could-rooftop-solar-kill-utilities-california-grapples-with-solars-success-2/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Could Rooftop Solar Kill Utilities? California Grapples with Solar’s Success\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2790\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/05/NetMetering.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2790 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/05/NetMetering.jpg\" alt=\"As rooftop solar power grows, the electric utility business model could change. (Photo: Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">As rooftop solar power grows, the electric utility business model could change. (Photo: Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As increasing numbers of Californians generate their own electricity, they rely less on electric utilities. That’s raising major questions about the future of California’s utilities. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/could-rooftop-solar-kill-utilities-california-grapples-with-solars-success-2/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/09/11/how-do-these-boats-sail-faster-than-the-wind/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How Do These Boats Sail Faster Than the Wind?\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_8511\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/americascup-featured.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8511 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/americascup-featured.jpg\" alt=\"Emirates Team New Zealand and Oracle Team USA during race three of the America's Cup finals on September 8, 2013. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emirates Team New Zealand and Oracle Team USA during race three of the America’s Cup finals on September 8, 2013. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It isn’t magic; it’s just physics. And it’s an idea as simple as rocket science, which in this case really breaks down to what you learned from riding a bike. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/09/11/how-do-these-boats-sail-faster-than-the-wind/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/09/06/comet-ison-comet-of-the-century-or-fanciful-fluff/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Comet ISON: Comet of the Century or Fanciful Fluff?\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_7956\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 630px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/cometISON-hst-april2013.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-7956 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/cometISON-hst-april2013.jpg\" alt=\"Hubble Space Telescope Image of Comet ISON, April 2013\" width=\"630\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hubble Space Telescope Image of Comet ISON, April 2013\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A comet named ISON has been hailed as a possible “comet of the century.” But scientists aren’t sure yet if it will survive a hairpin turn around the sun. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/09/06/comet-ison-comet-of-the-century-or-fanciful-fluff/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/12/02/garcinia-cambogia-the-fastest-fat-buster-or-another-fad-diet/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Garcinia Cambogia: The Fastest Fat-Buster or Another Fad Diet?\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11529\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/11/GarciniaGummi-Gutta_wikimedia_Vssun_640x360.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11529 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/11/GarciniaGummi-Gutta_wikimedia_Vssun_640x360.jpg\" alt=\"garcinia cambogia fruit\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Garcinia cambogia fruit, photograph courtesy of \u003ca href=\"http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BF.JPG\">Vssun\u003c/a> via Wikimedia Commons.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Garcinia cambogia has been called the ”newest, fastest fat-buster” and a “magic ingredient that lets you lose weight without diet or exercise,” but scientific research questions its effectiveness. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/12/02/garcinia-cambogia-the-fastest-fat-buster-or-another-fad-diet/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/09/19/birders-flock-to-see-blue-footed-boobies/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Birders Flock to See Blue-Footed Boobies\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_9087\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 960px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/bluefootedbooby.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9087 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/bluefootedbooby.jpg\" alt=\"A blue-footed booby fails to blend in with the pelicans and cormorants at Año Nuevo State Park earlier this week. It's the brown and white bird at the lower left. (Photo: Jennifer Rycenga)\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A blue-footed booby fails to blend in with the pelicans and cormorants at Año Nuevo State Park earlier this week. It’s the brown and white bird at the lower left. (Photo: Jennifer Rycenga)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Blue-footed boobies are most commonly seen down in the Gulf of California or the Galapagos, but this week they’ve been flooding the Southern California coast, and making their way up north, where very few have come before. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/09/19/birders-flock-to-see-blue-footed-boobies/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/10/11/californas-tarantulas-are-on-the-move-during-mating-season/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California’s Tarantulas Are on the Move During Mating Season\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_9837\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 480px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/10/dussau-holds-tarantula-e1381367430751.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9837 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/10/dussau-holds-tarantula-e1381367430751.jpg\" alt=\"Wandering male tarantulas go searching for females in the fall, never to return home again. Photo by Robert Kanagaki, EBRPD\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wandering male tarantulas go searching for females in the fall, never to return home again. Photo by Robert Kanagaki, EBRPD\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Male California tarantulas are now roaming through the Bay Area looking for love. Find out more about where you can see them, what they’re doing and what dangers they face from naturalist Sharol Nelson-Embry. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/10/11/californas-tarantulas-are-on-the-move-during-mating-season/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/11/21/its-official-toxic-flame-retardants-no-longer-required-in-furniture/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">It’s Official: Toxic Flame Retardants No Longer Required in Furniture\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11324\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/11/sofa.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11324 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/11/sofa.jpg\" alt=\"Starting next year, shoppers will be able to buy sofas that don't contain flame retardant chemicals. \" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Starting next year, shoppers will be able to buy sofas that don’t contain flame retardant chemicals.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California overturns a nearly 40-year-old law that made your sofa potentially menacing. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/11/21/its-official-toxic-flame-retardants-no-longer-required-in-furniture/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "From the debut of the world's largest solar plant to Comet ISON, zombified bees to the physics of sailing — it's been another year of diverse storytelling from the KQED Science team. Here's a round-up of our top 10 stories (based on page views) that you've enjoyed in 2013.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After controversy over a threatened species delayed several large solar projects, state officials are trying to broker an agreement between conservation groups and solar companies on a path forward for renewable energy. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/as-worlds-largest-solar-thermal-plant-opens-california-looks-to-end-solar-wars/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/video/zombees-flight-of-the-living-dead/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ZomBees: Flight of the Living Dead\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cobject width=\"639\" height=\"359\" classid=\"d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000\" codebase=\"http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0\">\u003cparam name=\"src\" value=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/jw-player-plugin-for-wordpress/player/player.swf\">\u003cparam name=\"allowscriptaccess\" value=\"always\">\u003cparam name=\"allowfullscreen\" value=\"true\">\u003cparam name=\"flashvars\" value=\"&bandwidth=2841&controlbar=over&dock=false&file=WS405_zombees.flv&image=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.kqed.org%2Fscience%2Fwp-content%2Fblogs.dir%2F48%2Ffiles%2F2013%2F10%2FZombees-side-640x360.jpg&gapro.accountid=UA-1538528-1&gapro.height=359&gapro.pluginmode=FLASH&gapro.trackpercentage=true&gapro.trackstarts=true&gapro.tracktime=true&gapro.visible=true&gapro.width=639&gapro.x=0&gapro.y=0&plugins=gapro-1&skin=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.kqed.org%2Fscience%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fjw-player-plugin-for-wordpress%2Fskins%2Fglow.zip&streamer=rtmp%3A%2F%2Fkqed-flash02.streamguys.us%2Fquest%2F&viral.allowmenu=true&viral.bgcolor=0x333333&viral.fgcolor=0xffffff&viral.functions=embed&viral.matchplayercolors=true&viral.oncomplete=false&viral.pluginmode=FLASH\">\u003cembed width=\"639\" height=\"359\" type=\"application/x-shockwave-flash\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/jw-player-plugin-for-wordpress/player/player.swf\" flashvars=\"&bandwidth=2841&controlbar=over&dock=false&file=WS405_zombees.flv&image=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.kqed.org%2Fscience%2Fwp-content%2Fblogs.dir%2F48%2Ffiles%2F2013%2F10%2FZombees-side-640x360.jpg&gapro.accountid=UA-1538528-1&gapro.height=359&gapro.pluginmode=FLASH&gapro.trackpercentage=true&gapro.trackstarts=true&gapro.tracktime=true&gapro.visible=true&gapro.width=639&gapro.x=0&gapro.y=0&plugins=gapro-1&skin=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.kqed.org%2Fscience%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fjw-player-plugin-for-wordpress%2Fskins%2Fglow.zip&streamer=rtmp%3A%2F%2Fkqed-flash02.streamguys.us%2Fquest%2F&viral.allowmenu=true&viral.bgcolor=0x333333&viral.fgcolor=0xffffff&viral.functions=embed&viral.matchplayercolors=true&viral.oncomplete=false&viral.pluginmode=FLASH\">\u003c/embed>\u003c/object>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Something strange and unsettling is happening to Bay Area honeybees. Entomologists at San Francisco State University have identified the culprit: a tiny parasitic fly is causing the bees to exhibit bizarre nocturnal behaviors before suffering a gruesome demise. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/video/zombees-flight-of-the-living-dead/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/video/silicon-valley-goes-to-space/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Silicon Valley Goes to Space\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cobject width=\"639\" height=\"359\" classid=\"d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000\" codebase=\"http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0\">\u003cparam name=\"src\" value=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/jw-player-plugin-for-wordpress/player/player.swf\">\u003cparam name=\"allowscriptaccess\" value=\"always\">\u003cparam name=\"allowfullscreen\" value=\"true\">\u003cparam name=\"flashvars\" value=\"&bandwidth=2841&controlbar=over&dock=false&file=KS101_svspace.flv&image=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.kqed.org%2Fscience%2Fwp-content%2Fblogs.dir%2F48%2Ffiles%2F2013%2F11%2F703_KQEDSci_Space_JRoy_Masten_14044207_2.jpg&gapro.accountid=UA-1538528-1&gapro.height=359&gapro.pluginmode=FLASH&gapro.trackpercentage=true&gapro.trackstarts=true&gapro.tracktime=true&gapro.visible=true&gapro.width=639&gapro.x=0&gapro.y=0&plugins=gapro-1&skin=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.kqed.org%2Fscience%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fjw-player-plugin-for-wordpress%2Fskins%2Fglow.zip&streamer=rtmp%3A%2F%2Fkqed-flash02.streamguys.us%2Fquest%2F&viral.allowmenu=true&viral.bgcolor=0x333333&viral.fgcolor=0xffffff&viral.functions=embed&viral.matchplayercolors=true&viral.oncomplete=false&viral.pluginmode=FLASH\">\u003cembed width=\"639\" height=\"359\" type=\"application/x-shockwave-flash\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/jw-player-plugin-for-wordpress/player/player.swf\" flashvars=\"&bandwidth=2841&controlbar=over&dock=false&file=KS101_svspace.flv&image=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.kqed.org%2Fscience%2Fwp-content%2Fblogs.dir%2F48%2Ffiles%2F2013%2F11%2F703_KQEDSci_Space_JRoy_Masten_14044207_2.jpg&gapro.accountid=UA-1538528-1&gapro.height=359&gapro.pluginmode=FLASH&gapro.trackpercentage=true&gapro.trackstarts=true&gapro.tracktime=true&gapro.visible=true&gapro.width=639&gapro.x=0&gapro.y=0&plugins=gapro-1&skin=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.kqed.org%2Fscience%2Fwp-content%2Fplugins%2Fjw-player-plugin-for-wordpress%2Fskins%2Fglow.zip&streamer=rtmp%3A%2F%2Fkqed-flash02.streamguys.us%2Fquest%2F&viral.allowmenu=true&viral.bgcolor=0x333333&viral.fgcolor=0xffffff&viral.functions=embed&viral.matchplayercolors=true&viral.oncomplete=false&viral.pluginmode=FLASH\">\u003c/embed>\u003c/object>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Commercial space ventures are taking off and opening up space like never before. With its culture of risk and game-changing startups, Silicon Valley is playing a starring role in many of these new space companies. But risks and costs emerge with the increasing privatization of space. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/video/silicon-valley-goes-to-space/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/could-rooftop-solar-kill-utilities-california-grapples-with-solars-success-2/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Could Rooftop Solar Kill Utilities? California Grapples with Solar’s Success\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2790\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/05/NetMetering.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2790 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/05/NetMetering.jpg\" alt=\"As rooftop solar power grows, the electric utility business model could change. (Photo: Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">As rooftop solar power grows, the electric utility business model could change. (Photo: Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As increasing numbers of Californians generate their own electricity, they rely less on electric utilities. That’s raising major questions about the future of California’s utilities. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/could-rooftop-solar-kill-utilities-california-grapples-with-solars-success-2/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/09/11/how-do-these-boats-sail-faster-than-the-wind/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How Do These Boats Sail Faster Than the Wind?\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_8511\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/americascup-featured.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8511 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/americascup-featured.jpg\" alt=\"Emirates Team New Zealand and Oracle Team USA during race three of the America's Cup finals on September 8, 2013. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emirates Team New Zealand and Oracle Team USA during race three of the America’s Cup finals on September 8, 2013. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It isn’t magic; it’s just physics. And it’s an idea as simple as rocket science, which in this case really breaks down to what you learned from riding a bike. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/09/11/how-do-these-boats-sail-faster-than-the-wind/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/09/06/comet-ison-comet-of-the-century-or-fanciful-fluff/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Comet ISON: Comet of the Century or Fanciful Fluff?\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_7956\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 630px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/cometISON-hst-april2013.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-7956 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/cometISON-hst-april2013.jpg\" alt=\"Hubble Space Telescope Image of Comet ISON, April 2013\" width=\"630\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hubble Space Telescope Image of Comet ISON, April 2013\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A comet named ISON has been hailed as a possible “comet of the century.” But scientists aren’t sure yet if it will survive a hairpin turn around the sun. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/09/06/comet-ison-comet-of-the-century-or-fanciful-fluff/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/12/02/garcinia-cambogia-the-fastest-fat-buster-or-another-fad-diet/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Garcinia Cambogia: The Fastest Fat-Buster or Another Fad Diet?\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11529\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/11/GarciniaGummi-Gutta_wikimedia_Vssun_640x360.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11529 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/11/GarciniaGummi-Gutta_wikimedia_Vssun_640x360.jpg\" alt=\"garcinia cambogia fruit\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Garcinia cambogia fruit, photograph courtesy of \u003ca href=\"http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BF.JPG\">Vssun\u003c/a> via Wikimedia Commons.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Garcinia cambogia has been called the ”newest, fastest fat-buster” and a “magic ingredient that lets you lose weight without diet or exercise,” but scientific research questions its effectiveness. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/12/02/garcinia-cambogia-the-fastest-fat-buster-or-another-fad-diet/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/09/19/birders-flock-to-see-blue-footed-boobies/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Birders Flock to See Blue-Footed Boobies\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_9087\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 960px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/bluefootedbooby.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9087 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/bluefootedbooby.jpg\" alt=\"A blue-footed booby fails to blend in with the pelicans and cormorants at Año Nuevo State Park earlier this week. It's the brown and white bird at the lower left. (Photo: Jennifer Rycenga)\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A blue-footed booby fails to blend in with the pelicans and cormorants at Año Nuevo State Park earlier this week. It’s the brown and white bird at the lower left. (Photo: Jennifer Rycenga)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Blue-footed boobies are most commonly seen down in the Gulf of California or the Galapagos, but this week they’ve been flooding the Southern California coast, and making their way up north, where very few have come before. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/09/19/birders-flock-to-see-blue-footed-boobies/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/10/11/californas-tarantulas-are-on-the-move-during-mating-season/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California’s Tarantulas Are on the Move During Mating Season\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_9837\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 480px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/10/dussau-holds-tarantula-e1381367430751.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9837 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/10/dussau-holds-tarantula-e1381367430751.jpg\" alt=\"Wandering male tarantulas go searching for females in the fall, never to return home again. Photo by Robert Kanagaki, EBRPD\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wandering male tarantulas go searching for females in the fall, never to return home again. Photo by Robert Kanagaki, EBRPD\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Male California tarantulas are now roaming through the Bay Area looking for love. Find out more about where you can see them, what they’re doing and what dangers they face from naturalist Sharol Nelson-Embry. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/10/11/californas-tarantulas-are-on-the-move-during-mating-season/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/11/21/its-official-toxic-flame-retardants-no-longer-required-in-furniture/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">It’s Official: Toxic Flame Retardants No Longer Required in Furniture\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11324\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/11/sofa.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11324 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/11/sofa.jpg\" alt=\"Starting next year, shoppers will be able to buy sofas that don't contain flame retardant chemicals. \" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Starting next year, shoppers will be able to buy sofas that don’t contain flame retardant chemicals.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California overturns a nearly 40-year-old law that made your sofa potentially menacing. \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/11/21/its-official-toxic-flame-retardants-no-longer-required-in-furniture/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Activists Take Aim at Bay Area Crude Oil Projects",
"headTitle": "Activists Take Aim at Bay Area Crude Oil Projects | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11741\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/airdistrictprotest.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11741\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/airdistrictprotest.jpg\" alt=\"Pennie Opal Plant from the environmental group Idle No More at a rally at the Air District in San Francisco says she's concerned about crude oil from the Tar Sands. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pennie Opal Plant from the environmental group Idle No More at a rally in San Francisco. She says she’s concerned about local refineries bringing in crude oil from Canadian tar sands. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Local community and environmental activists are sounding an alarm over four proposed energy projects in the Bay Area. Demonstrators rallied Wednesday morning outside a \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/\">Bay Area Air Quality Management District\u003c/a> board meeting, calling on the Air District to put the developments on hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the proposals are for crude-by-rail projects. One would be an addition to the Valero refinery in Benicia; the other would be an oil terminal in Pittsburg that would receive crude by pipeline, rail and ship. Activists are concerned about crude-by-rail because, they say, trains would provide a means to bring in what they call “dirty” oil from the Canadian tar sands.[contextly_sidebar id=”e215254f951b640c3ec1b5e5143e9370″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other two projects, at Chevron’s Richmond refinery and the Phillips 66 refinery in Rodeo, concern equipment upgrades, which, activists say, will position refiners to process heavier grades of crude.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What’s really at stake here is the public’s health,” said Andres Soto, an organizer with the East Bay group \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbecal.org/\">Communities for a Better Environment\u003c/a>. “We’re asking the District to not issue any more permits until this issue about the quality of the crude is publicly disclosed, publicly discussed, and either mitigation or a moratorium on its processing here in the Bay Area is established.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil companies have not disclosed where exactly the oil involved in these projects would be coming from. But, as Valero spokesman Bill Day told me for a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/valero-rail-project-fuels-tar-sands-speculation-in-bay-area/\">previous story\u003c/a>, they’re all looking for ways to get oil out of the middle of the continent and to the refineries on the coasts:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Whether it’s in Texas, up in Canada, in the Northeast, in the Marcellus Shale, up in the Dakotas in the Bakken Shale, that’s where the new crude oil is coming from, and there are huge amounts of it,” says Bill Day, a spokesman for the San Antonio-based Valero. “There’s no such thing as dirty oil or clean oil, I want to be very clear about that.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Air district engineer Jim Karas, who briefed the Board on the projects at Wednesday’s meeting, told me none of the projects can go ahead without its approval, and the Air District won’t allow the refineries to go over the pollution limits already in place. “That is what we do. That’s our business,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he also pointed out, that with or without oil from the tar sands, the refineries are processing what the environmentalists might call “dirty” crude.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reality is that the refiners already process very heavy crude,” he said. “That’s California crude. That’s what they were built to handle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Board heard updates but did not make any decisions on the projects at the meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Track the projects:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.benicia.ca.us/index.asp?SEC=%7BC45EA667-8D39-4B30-87EB-9110A2F9CE13%7D\">Valero crude-by-rail in Benicia\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.pittsburg.ca.us/index.aspx?page=700\">WesPac oil terminal in Pittsburg\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.chevronrevisedrenewalproject.com/\">Chevron hydrogen plant and sulfur removal in Richmond\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ca-contracostacounty.civicplus.com/DocumentCenter/Index/2713\">Phillips 66 propane recovery in Rodeo\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Local activists are sounding an alarm over four proposed crude oil projects in the Bay Area. They say they're concerned about the health and environmental implications of the developments.",
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"description": "Local activists are sounding an alarm over four proposed crude oil projects in the Bay Area. They say they're concerned about the health and environmental implications of the developments.",
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"headline": "Activists Take Aim at Bay Area Crude Oil Projects",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11741\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/airdistrictprotest.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11741\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/12/airdistrictprotest.jpg\" alt=\"Pennie Opal Plant from the environmental group Idle No More at a rally at the Air District in San Francisco says she's concerned about crude oil from the Tar Sands. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pennie Opal Plant from the environmental group Idle No More at a rally in San Francisco. She says she’s concerned about local refineries bringing in crude oil from Canadian tar sands. (Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Local community and environmental activists are sounding an alarm over four proposed energy projects in the Bay Area. Demonstrators rallied Wednesday morning outside a \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/\">Bay Area Air Quality Management District\u003c/a> board meeting, calling on the Air District to put the developments on hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the proposals are for crude-by-rail projects. One would be an addition to the Valero refinery in Benicia; the other would be an oil terminal in Pittsburg that would receive crude by pipeline, rail and ship. Activists are concerned about crude-by-rail because, they say, trains would provide a means to bring in what they call “dirty” oil from the Canadian tar sands.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other two projects, at Chevron’s Richmond refinery and the Phillips 66 refinery in Rodeo, concern equipment upgrades, which, activists say, will position refiners to process heavier grades of crude.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What’s really at stake here is the public’s health,” said Andres Soto, an organizer with the East Bay group \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbecal.org/\">Communities for a Better Environment\u003c/a>. “We’re asking the District to not issue any more permits until this issue about the quality of the crude is publicly disclosed, publicly discussed, and either mitigation or a moratorium on its processing here in the Bay Area is established.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil companies have not disclosed where exactly the oil involved in these projects would be coming from. But, as Valero spokesman Bill Day told me for a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/valero-rail-project-fuels-tar-sands-speculation-in-bay-area/\">previous story\u003c/a>, they’re all looking for ways to get oil out of the middle of the continent and to the refineries on the coasts:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Whether it’s in Texas, up in Canada, in the Northeast, in the Marcellus Shale, up in the Dakotas in the Bakken Shale, that’s where the new crude oil is coming from, and there are huge amounts of it,” says Bill Day, a spokesman for the San Antonio-based Valero. “There’s no such thing as dirty oil or clean oil, I want to be very clear about that.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Air district engineer Jim Karas, who briefed the Board on the projects at Wednesday’s meeting, told me none of the projects can go ahead without its approval, and the Air District won’t allow the refineries to go over the pollution limits already in place. “That is what we do. That’s our business,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he also pointed out, that with or without oil from the tar sands, the refineries are processing what the environmentalists might call “dirty” crude.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reality is that the refiners already process very heavy crude,” he said. “That’s California crude. That’s what they were built to handle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Board heard updates but did not make any decisions on the projects at the meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Track the projects:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.benicia.ca.us/index.asp?SEC=%7BC45EA667-8D39-4B30-87EB-9110A2F9CE13%7D\">Valero crude-by-rail in Benicia\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.pittsburg.ca.us/index.aspx?page=700\">WesPac oil terminal in Pittsburg\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.chevronrevisedrenewalproject.com/\">Chevron hydrogen plant and sulfur removal in Richmond\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ca-contracostacounty.civicplus.com/DocumentCenter/Index/2713\">Phillips 66 propane recovery in Rodeo\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
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"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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"reveal": {
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"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
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"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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"snap-judgment": {
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"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
"airtime": "SAT 1pm-2pm, 9pm-10pm",
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},
"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
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