window.__IS_SSR__=true
window.__INITIAL_STATE__={
"attachmentsReducer": {
"audio_0": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_0",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background0.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_1": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_1",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background1.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_2": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_2",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background2.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_3": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_3",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background3.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_4": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_4",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background4.jpg"
}
}
},
"placeholder": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "placeholder",
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 512,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"small": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 32,
"height": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 50,
"height": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 64,
"height": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 96,
"height": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 128,
"height": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333
}
}
},
"science_1938979": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1938979",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1938979",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1938969,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-160x88.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 88
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3.jpg",
"width": 1140,
"height": 630
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-1020x564.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 564
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-800x442.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 442
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-768x424.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 424
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1552333128,
"modified": 1552333154,
"caption": "The California drought map as of March 5, 2019 is on the left. On the right is the map from March 8, 2016.",
"description": null,
"title": "droughtcomparison3",
"credit": "U.S. Drought Monitor",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1938866": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1938866",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1938866",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1938853,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D09W_pNUYAEqanr-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D09W_pNUYAEqanr-160x142.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 142
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D09W_pNUYAEqanr-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D09W_pNUYAEqanr.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"height": 1064
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D09W_pNUYAEqanr-1020x904.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 904
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D09W_pNUYAEqanr-1200x1064.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1064
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D09W_pNUYAEqanr-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D09W_pNUYAEqanr-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D09W_pNUYAEqanr-800x709.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 709
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D09W_pNUYAEqanr-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D09W_pNUYAEqanr-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D09W_pNUYAEqanr-768x681.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 681
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D09W_pNUYAEqanr-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1551996496,
"modified": 1551997821,
"caption": "The latest winter storm lights up skies above Santa Barbara, March 5, 2019, as seen from Stearns Wharf.",
"description": null,
"title": "D09W_pNUYAEqanr",
"credit": "Mike Eliason/Santa Barbara County Fire Department",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1938672": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1938672",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1938672",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1938632,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Joshua_Landscape-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Joshua_Landscape-160x90.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 90
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Joshua_Landscape-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Joshua_Landscape.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Joshua_Landscape-1020x574.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 574
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Joshua_Landscape-1200x675.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 675
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Joshua_Landscape-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Joshua_Landscape-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Joshua_Landscape-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 450
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Joshua_Landscape-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Joshua_Landscape-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Joshua_Landscape-1920x1080.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1080
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Joshua_Landscape-768x432.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 432
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/03/Joshua_Landscape-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1551489730,
"modified": 1551490047,
"caption": "Joshua Tree National Park is one of the areas that will benefit from newly passed legislation expanding protected wilderness across the country. ",
"description": null,
"title": "Joshua_Landscape",
"credit": "Mojave Desert Land Trust Headquarters",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1938197": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1938197",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1938197",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1938135,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/iStock-864106820-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/iStock-864106820-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/iStock-864106820-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/iStock-864106820.jpg",
"width": 2048,
"height": 1366
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/iStock-864106820-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/iStock-864106820-1200x800.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 800
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/iStock-864106820-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/iStock-864106820-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/iStock-864106820-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/iStock-864106820-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/iStock-864106820-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/iStock-864106820-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/iStock-864106820-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/iStock-864106820-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 512
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/iStock-864106820-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1550623701,
"modified": 1550624150,
"caption": "KQED Forum's Michael Krasny hosted a panel this month at the Night of Ideas festival in San Francisco to discuss how we can design cities for a changing climate.",
"description": null,
"title": "Green city of the future.",
"credit": "iStock",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1934262": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1934262",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1934262",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1934110,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-520x293.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 293
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-160x90.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 90
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-960x540.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 540
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-375x211.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 211
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-1020x574.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 574
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-1180x664.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 664
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-1200x675.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 675
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 450
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-1920x1080.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1080
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-1180x664.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 664
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-1920x1080.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1080
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-768x432.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 432
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2018/11/HeatWorker-240x135.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 135
}
},
"publishDate": 1542151426,
"modified": 1550875834,
"caption": "At California Cartage near the Port of Long Beach, 68-year-old Jose Rodriguez said it gets so hot inside the shipping containers he unloads that his sweat sizzles on the metal. California will soon regulate heat at workplaces like the warehouse where Rodriguez works.",
"description": null,
"title": "HeatWorker",
"credit": "Molly Peterson/KQED",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1938332": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1938332",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1938332",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1938303,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/02/Wheeler-820x576.jpg",
"width": 820,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/02/Wheeler-160x120.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 120
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/02/Wheeler-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/02/Wheeler.jpg",
"width": 820,
"height": 615
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/02/Wheeler-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/02/Wheeler-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/02/Wheeler-800x600.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 600
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/02/Wheeler-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/02/Wheeler-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/02/Wheeler-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/02/Wheeler-768x576.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2029/02/Wheeler-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1550803522,
"modified": 1550807736,
"caption": "EPA Acting Director Andrew Wheeler, Left, interviewed in January by Climate One's Greg Dalton, in San Francisco.",
"description": null,
"title": "Wheeler",
"credit": "Tyler Reed/Climate One",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1938187": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1938187",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1938187",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1938157,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/download-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/download-160x90.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 90
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/download-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/download.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/download-1020x574.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 574
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/download-1200x675.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 675
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/download-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/download-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/download-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 450
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/download-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/download-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/download-1920x1080.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1080
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/download-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/download-768x432.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 432
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/download-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1550621969,
"modified": 1550773862,
"caption": "Satellite view of the Sierra Nevada and western Nevada from Yosemite National Park, at lower left, to Walker Lake, at the top of the images toward the right. The 'before' image was taken Feb. 16, 2018; the 'after' image on Feb. 11, 2019.",
"description": null,
"title": "Snowpack Feb 2019",
"credit": "Planet",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1938128": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1938128",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1938128",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1938127,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/ap_19049790976870-69b7fbccbbb7a566718fc8011d63482aac788f68-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/ap_19049790976870-69b7fbccbbb7a566718fc8011d63482aac788f68-160x120.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 120
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/ap_19049790976870-69b7fbccbbb7a566718fc8011d63482aac788f68-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/ap_19049790976870-69b7fbccbbb7a566718fc8011d63482aac788f68-e1550602719295.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1440
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/ap_19049790976870-69b7fbccbbb7a566718fc8011d63482aac788f68-1020x765.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 765
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/ap_19049790976870-69b7fbccbbb7a566718fc8011d63482aac788f68-1200x900.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 900
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/ap_19049790976870-69b7fbccbbb7a566718fc8011d63482aac788f68-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/ap_19049790976870-69b7fbccbbb7a566718fc8011d63482aac788f68-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/ap_19049790976870-69b7fbccbbb7a566718fc8011d63482aac788f68-800x600.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 600
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/ap_19049790976870-69b7fbccbbb7a566718fc8011d63482aac788f68-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/ap_19049790976870-69b7fbccbbb7a566718fc8011d63482aac788f68-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/ap_19049790976870-69b7fbccbbb7a566718fc8011d63482aac788f68-1920x1440.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1440
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/ap_19049790976870-69b7fbccbbb7a566718fc8011d63482aac788f68-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/ap_19049790976870-69b7fbccbbb7a566718fc8011d63482aac788f68-768x576.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/ap_19049790976870-69b7fbccbbb7a566718fc8011d63482aac788f68-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1550600281,
"modified": 1550601118,
"caption": "Wallace Broecker, a professor at Columbia University in New York, speaking during the Balzan Prize ceremony in Rome in 2008. Broecker, a climate scientist who popularized the term \"global warming,\" died Monday.",
"description": "Wallace Broecker, a professor at Columbia University in New York, speaking during the Balzan Prize ceremony in Rome in 2008. Broecker, a climate scientist who popularized the term \"global warming,\" died Monday.",
"title": "Wallace Broecker, a professor at Columbia University in New York, speaking during the Balzan Prize ceremony in Rome in 2008. Broecker, a climate scientist who popularized the term \"global warming,\" died Monday.",
"credit": "Gregorio Borgia/AP",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1937926": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1937926",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1937926",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1937918,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/DeadTrees-1020x612-1020x576.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/DeadTrees-1020x612-160x96.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/DeadTrees-1020x612-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/DeadTrees-1020x612.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 612
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/DeadTrees-1020x612-1020x612.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 612
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/DeadTrees-1020x612-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/DeadTrees-1020x612-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/DeadTrees-1020x612-800x480.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 480
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/DeadTrees-1020x612-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/DeadTrees-1020x612-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/DeadTrees-1020x612-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/DeadTrees-1020x612-768x461.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 461
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/DeadTrees-1020x612-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1549934112,
"modified": 1549934173,
"caption": "Dead trees in Sequoia National Park in May 2016. The Southern Sierra Nevada was one of the hardest-hit areas by drought and high temperatures, resulting in millions of dead trees. ",
"description": "Dead trees in Sequoia National Park in May 2016. The Southern Sierra Nevada was one of the hardest-hit areas by drought and high temperatures, resulting in millions of dead trees. ",
"title": "DeadTrees-1020x612",
"credit": "U.S. Forest Service",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1937688": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1937688",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1937688",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1937679,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS8626_467299859-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS8626_467299859-160x105.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 105
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS8626_467299859-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS8626_467299859.jpg",
"width": 1950,
"height": 1278
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS8626_467299859-1020x668.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 668
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS8626_467299859-1200x786.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 786
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS8626_467299859-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS8626_467299859-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS8626_467299859-800x524.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 524
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS8626_467299859-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS8626_467299859-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS8626_467299859-1920x1258.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1258
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS8626_467299859-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS8626_467299859-768x503.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 503
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS8626_467299859-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1549336428,
"modified": 1549336506,
"caption": "Atmospheric river storms deliver up to half of California's annual precipitation.",
"description": "SAN FRANCISCO, CA - FEBRUARY 06: A pedestrian carries an umbrella while walking near the Bay Bridge on February 6, 2014 in San Francisco, California. The San Francisco Bay Area is getting much needed rain with up to a half inch of rain falling overnight and a bigger weather system expected to bring more precipitation over the weekend. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)",
"title": "Much Needed Rain Falls In Bay Area, As State Continues To Suffer Worsening Drought",
"credit": "Justin Sullivan/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1937597": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1937597",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1937597",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1937521,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/polarvortex-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/polarvortex-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/polarvortex-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/polarvortex-e1549135970848.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/polarvortex-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/polarvortex-1200x800.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 800
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/polarvortex-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/polarvortex-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/polarvortex-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/polarvortex-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/polarvortex-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/polarvortex-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/polarvortex-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/polarvortex-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 512
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/polarvortex-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1549135930,
"modified": 1549135963,
"caption": "A man walks along the lakefront as temperatures hovered around -20 degrees on Jan. 30, 2019 in Chicago,",
"description": null,
"title": "Polar Vortex Brings Extreme Cold Temperatures To Chicago",
"credit": "Scott Olson/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1937564": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1937564",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1937564",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1937477,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS28367_GettyImages-887599032-qut-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS28367_GettyImages-887599032-qut-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS28367_GettyImages-887599032-qut-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS28367_GettyImages-887599032-qut.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS28367_GettyImages-887599032-qut-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS28367_GettyImages-887599032-qut-1200x800.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 800
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS28367_GettyImages-887599032-qut-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS28367_GettyImages-887599032-qut-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS28367_GettyImages-887599032-qut-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS28367_GettyImages-887599032-qut-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS28367_GettyImages-887599032-qut-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS28367_GettyImages-887599032-qut-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS28367_GettyImages-887599032-qut-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS28367_GettyImages-887599032-qut-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 512
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/RS28367_GettyImages-887599032-qut-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
}
},
"publishDate": 1549056144,
"modified": 1549056231,
"caption": "Santa Ana winds helped drive the Thomas Fire in December 2017.",
"description": "VENTURA, CA - DECEMBER 07: Firefighters monitor a section of the Thomas Fire along the 101 freeway on December 7, 2017 north of Ventura, California. The firefighters occasionally used a flare device to burn-off brush close to the roadside. Strong Santa Ana winds are rapidly pushing multiple wildfires across the region, expanding across tens of thousands of acres and destroying hundreds of homes and structures. (Photo by Mario Tama/Getty Images)",
"title": "Southern California Wildfires Forces Thousands to Evacuate",
"credit": "Mario Tama/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
}
},
"audioPlayerReducer": {
"postId": "stream_live",
"isPaused": true,
"isPlaying": false,
"pfsActive": false,
"pledgeModalIsOpen": true,
"playerDrawerIsOpen": false,
"liveAudioPlayStartedAt": 0,
"liveAudioPlayContext": ""
},
"authorsReducer": {
"byline_science_1938853": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_science_1938853",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_science_1938853",
"name": "Associated Press",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_science_1938127": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_science_1938127",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_science_1938127",
"name": "Francesca Paris\u003cbr/>NPR",
"isLoading": false
},
"cmiller": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "221",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "221",
"found": true
},
"name": "Craig Miller",
"firstName": "Craig",
"lastName": "Miller",
"slug": "cmiller",
"email": "craig@voxterra.net",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [
"science"
],
"title": "Editor Emeritus, Science",
"bio": "Craig is a former KQED Science editor, specializing in weather, climate, water & energy issues, with a little seismology thrown in just to shake things up. Prior to that, he launched and led the station's award-winning multimedia project, Climate Watch. Craig is also an accomplished writer/producer of television documentaries, with a focus on natural resource issues.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b91661df645e001a9cafe0861fa685f9?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "voxterra",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"author"
]
},
{
"site": "futureofyou",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "stateofhealth",
"roles": [
"author"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "quest",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Craig Miller | KQED",
"description": "Editor Emeritus, Science",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b91661df645e001a9cafe0861fa685f9?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b91661df645e001a9cafe0861fa685f9?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/cmiller"
},
"kqedscience": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "6387",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "6387",
"found": true
},
"name": "KQED Science",
"firstName": "KQED",
"lastName": "Science",
"slug": "kqedscience",
"email": "kqedscience@gmail.com",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [],
"title": null,
"bio": "KQED Science brings you award-winning science and environment coverage from the Bay Area and beyond by the flagship Northern California PBS and NPR affiliate.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5a295ff49cf82a8c0f30937d3f788b2f?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"contributor"
]
},
{
"site": "quest",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "food",
"roles": [
"contributor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "KQED Science | KQED",
"description": null,
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5a295ff49cf82a8c0f30937d3f788b2f?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5a295ff49cf82a8c0f30937d3f788b2f?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/kqedscience"
},
"dventon": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "11088",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "11088",
"found": true
},
"name": "Danielle Venton",
"firstName": "Danielle",
"lastName": "Venton",
"slug": "dventon",
"email": "dventon@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": true,
"staff_mastheads": [
"science"
],
"title": "Science reporter",
"bio": "Danielle Venton is a reporter for KQED Science. She covers wildfires, space and oceans (though she is prone to sea sickness).\r\n\r\nBefore joining KQED in 2015, Danielle was a staff reporter at KRCB in Sonoma County and a freelancer. She studied science communication at UC Santa Cruz and formerly worked at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland where she wrote about computing. She lives in Sonoma County and enjoys backpacking.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ebaf11ee6cfb7bb40329a143d463829e?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "DanielleVenton",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "arts",
"roles": [
"contributor"
]
},
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "futureofyou",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "liveblog",
"roles": [
"contributor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Danielle Venton | KQED",
"description": "Science reporter",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ebaf11ee6cfb7bb40329a143d463829e?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ebaf11ee6cfb7bb40329a143d463829e?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/dventon"
},
"mpeterson": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "11223",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "11223",
"found": true
},
"name": "Molly Peterson",
"firstName": "Molly",
"lastName": "Peterson",
"slug": "mpeterson",
"email": "mpeterson@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [],
"title": null,
"bio": "Molly Peterson reports for KQED science and news on climate change, catastrophe and risk. Previously she was environment correspondent at Southern California Public Radio. Her work has also appeared at The New York Times, The Guardian, on NPR, at High Country News, on Code Switch, and other national outlets. She has been honored with awards from Public Radio News Directors Incorporated, Investigative Reporters and Editors, the Society for Professional Journalists, the Los Angeles Press Club, and RTNDA Edward R. Murrow awards, among others.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/7908e2807131f776cc8165c649530b05?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "Mollydacious",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/radiomolly/",
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"subscriber"
]
},
{
"site": "futureofyou",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Molly Peterson | KQED",
"description": null,
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/7908e2807131f776cc8165c649530b05?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/7908e2807131f776cc8165c649530b05?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/mpeterson"
},
"parcuni": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "11368",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "11368",
"found": true
},
"name": "Peter Arcuni",
"firstName": "Peter",
"lastName": "Arcuni",
"slug": "parcuni",
"email": "parcuni@KQED.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [
"science"
],
"title": "Reporter",
"bio": "Peter reports radio and online stories for \u003cem>KQED Science\u003c/em>. His work has also appeared on the \u003cem>The California Report\u003c/em> morning show and \u003cem>KQED News\u003c/em>. His production credits include \u003cem>The California Report, The California Report Magazine\u003c/em> and KQED's local news podcast \u003cem>The Bay\u003c/em>. Other credits include NPR's \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em>, WNYC's \u003cem>Science Friday\u003c/em>, WBUR's \u003cem>Here & Now\u003c/em>, WIRED and SFGate. Peter graduated from Brown University and earned a master's degree in journalism from Stanford. He's covered everything from homelessness to wildfires, health, the environment, arts and Thanksgiving in San Quentin prison. In other lives, he played rock n roll music and studied neuroscience. You can email him at: parcuni@kqed.org",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d5032f6f27199d478af34ad2e1d98732?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "peterarcuni",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Peter Arcuni | KQED",
"description": "Reporter",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d5032f6f27199d478af34ad2e1d98732?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d5032f6f27199d478af34ad2e1d98732?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/parcuni"
}
},
"pagesReducer": {
"science_category_climate": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_31",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "31",
"score": 11.058992
},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Climate",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Climate Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 33,
"slug": "climate",
"isLoading": false,
"title": "Climate",
"pageMeta": {
"site": "science",
"WpPageTemplate": "page-topic-editorial",
"currentPage": 61
},
"blocks": [
{
"blockName": "kqed/post-list",
"attrs": {
"layout": "cardArticle2",
"query": "posts/science?category=climate",
"seeMore": false,
"paginated": true,
"page": 61
}
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/ad"
}
]
}
},
"pfsSessionReducer": {},
"postsReducer": {
"stream_live": {
"type": "live",
"id": "stream_live",
"audioUrl": "https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio",
"title": "Live Stream",
"excerpt": "Live Stream information currently unavailable.",
"link": "/radio",
"featImg": "",
"label": {
"name": "KQED Live",
"link": "/"
}
},
"stream_kqedNewscast": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "stream_kqedNewscast",
"audioUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1",
"title": "KQED Newscast",
"featImg": "",
"label": {
"name": "88.5 FM",
"link": "/"
}
},
"science_1938969": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1938969",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1938969",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1552296649000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1552296649,
"format": "aside",
"title": "All of California Is Now Out of Drought, According to U.S. Drought Monitor",
"headTitle": "All of California Is Now Out of Drought, According to U.S. Drought Monitor | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>This particular California winter has unfolded in good news/bad news fashion. Courtesy of a string of recurring \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1935067/rivers-in-the-sky-what-you-need-to-know-about-atmospheric-river-storms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">atmospheric rivers\u003c/a>, potent storms have caused flooding, power outages and canceled flights. But they have also — by at least one key measure — lifted the state completely out of drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The weekly map released by the U.S. Drought Monitor on Mar. 14 shows no remaining vestiges of California in moderate-or-more severe levels of drought. Less than 7 percent of the state remains “abnormally dry” (yellow areas).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1939101\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 715px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/USDM-CA_190314.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1939101\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/USDM-CA_190314.png\" alt=\"Map: U.S. Drought Monitor\" width=\"715\" height=\"631\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/USDM-CA_190314.png 715w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/USDM-CA_190314-160x141.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 715px) 100vw, 715px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The U.S. Drought Monitor’s California map shows no areas in drought, for the first time in more than seven years. \u003ccite>(National Drought Mitigation Ctr.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s worth noting that while the Drought Monitor, produced jointly by the National Drought Mitigation Center at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, with the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, is one measure of drought conditions, it’s a fairly comprehensive one. Authors take \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1441706/color-me-dry-drought-maps-blend-art-and-science-but-no-politics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a broad array of factors\u003c/a> into account, including groundwater conditions, where data is available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We primarily use groundwater data from the USGS; however, data is sparsely distributed across the state,” said David Simeral, one of 12 scientists who take turns assessing conditions for the U.S. Drought Monitor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More well data is available for areas in Southern California than in Northern California, Simeral says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the left, below, you can see the \u003ca href=\"https://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/CurrentMap/StateDroughtMonitor.aspx?CA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">map\u003c/a> released last week by the U.S. Drought Monitor, which is almost completely devoid of colors indicating \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1441706/color-me-dry-drought-maps-blend-art-and-science-but-no-politics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">various levels of \u003c/a>parchedness. On the right is the same map from three years ago, bleeding brick-red and showing nearly 40 percent of the state in the most advanced stage of drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1938979\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1140px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1938979 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1140\" height=\"630\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3.jpg 1140w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-160x88.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-800x442.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-768x424.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-1020x564.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-672x372.jpg 672w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The California drought map as of March 5, 2019 is on the left. On the right is the map from March 8, 2016. \u003ccite>(U.S. Drought Monitor)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>KQED Science Managing Editor \u003cstrong>Paul Rogers\u003c/strong> recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2019/03/07/heres-how-much-recent-rains-have-washed-away-californias-drought/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wrote\u003c/a> about the state’s stunning water comeback for the San Jose Mercury News, where he reports on science and the environment. Here are some key points from Rogers about current water conditions in California, taken from an interview with KQED’s Brian Watt (numbers reflect the Drought Monitor issued on Mar. 5.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>People were worried at one point about another drought developing. How about now? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a dry winter last year and a dry December this year, people were starting to worry that the kind of drought conditions we saw between 2012 and 2016 might be coming back. But then it started raining like crazy, particularly in February and through early March, and those rains have really washed away fears of a returning drought. The new report showed that less than 1 percent of California, a tiny sliver up near Oregon, is still in a drought, and it’s classified as “moderate.” So our reservoirs are full, our rivers are full, and things are looking good in terms of the state’s water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How long has it been since the state’s water tank has been this full?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You have to go back to December 2011 to find a time when such a small amount of the state has been in drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just by comparison, a year ago, 47 percent of California was in drought. In March 2016, 97 percent of California was in a drought. Now we’re at 1 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How do the storms of this year compare to those of the past?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have a really good \u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">historical rainfall record\u003c/a> in San Francisco, going all the way back to 1850. In February, San Francisco saw 7.6 inches of rain. That’s twice as much as the historical average and the largest amount of rain in 10 years. The month’s rain total was the 16th most in a February In 169 years, according to the records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happened to cause the turnaround in precipitation? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remember the “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/26293/ridiculous-ridge-may-be-back-to-prolong-california-drought\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ridiculously Resilient Ridge\u003c/a>?” That was a big mass of high pressure air sitting in the Pacific Ocean. It acted like a large boulder in a river, blocking the storms trying to make their way to California, pushing them up into Canada and other places. That ridge is long gone, and low-pressure zones are setting up conditions where these wet atmospheric river storms from the tropics just keep barreling into the state, one after the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 758,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 18
},
"modified": 1704848808,
"excerpt": "Courtesy of a procession of atmospheric rivers, potent storms have brought flooding, power outages and canceled flights. But they have also lifted the entire state completely out of drought, according to the U.S. Drought Monitor map.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Courtesy of a procession of atmospheric rivers, potent storms have brought flooding, power outages and canceled flights. But they have also lifted the entire state completely out of drought, according to the U.S. Drought Monitor map.",
"title": "All of California Is Now Out of Drought, According to U.S. Drought Monitor | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "All of California Is Now Out of Drought, According to U.S. Drought Monitor",
"datePublished": "2019-03-11T02:30:49-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-09T17:06:48-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "it-took-a-while-but-california-is-now-almost-completely-out-of-drought",
"status": "publish",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Water",
"path": "/science/1938969/it-took-a-while-but-california-is-now-almost-completely-out-of-drought",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This particular California winter has unfolded in good news/bad news fashion. Courtesy of a string of recurring \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1935067/rivers-in-the-sky-what-you-need-to-know-about-atmospheric-river-storms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">atmospheric rivers\u003c/a>, potent storms have caused flooding, power outages and canceled flights. But they have also — by at least one key measure — lifted the state completely out of drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The weekly map released by the U.S. Drought Monitor on Mar. 14 shows no remaining vestiges of California in moderate-or-more severe levels of drought. Less than 7 percent of the state remains “abnormally dry” (yellow areas).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1939101\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 715px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/USDM-CA_190314.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1939101\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/USDM-CA_190314.png\" alt=\"Map: U.S. Drought Monitor\" width=\"715\" height=\"631\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/USDM-CA_190314.png 715w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/USDM-CA_190314-160x141.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 715px) 100vw, 715px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The U.S. Drought Monitor’s California map shows no areas in drought, for the first time in more than seven years. \u003ccite>(National Drought Mitigation Ctr.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s worth noting that while the Drought Monitor, produced jointly by the National Drought Mitigation Center at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, with the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, is one measure of drought conditions, it’s a fairly comprehensive one. Authors take \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1441706/color-me-dry-drought-maps-blend-art-and-science-but-no-politics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a broad array of factors\u003c/a> into account, including groundwater conditions, where data is available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We primarily use groundwater data from the USGS; however, data is sparsely distributed across the state,” said David Simeral, one of 12 scientists who take turns assessing conditions for the U.S. Drought Monitor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More well data is available for areas in Southern California than in Northern California, Simeral says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the left, below, you can see the \u003ca href=\"https://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/CurrentMap/StateDroughtMonitor.aspx?CA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">map\u003c/a> released last week by the U.S. Drought Monitor, which is almost completely devoid of colors indicating \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1441706/color-me-dry-drought-maps-blend-art-and-science-but-no-politics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">various levels of \u003c/a>parchedness. On the right is the same map from three years ago, bleeding brick-red and showing nearly 40 percent of the state in the most advanced stage of drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1938979\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1140px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1938979 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1140\" height=\"630\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3.jpg 1140w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-160x88.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-800x442.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-768x424.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-1020x564.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2029/03/droughtcomparison3-672x372.jpg 672w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The California drought map as of March 5, 2019 is on the left. On the right is the map from March 8, 2016. \u003ccite>(U.S. Drought Monitor)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>KQED Science Managing Editor \u003cstrong>Paul Rogers\u003c/strong> recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2019/03/07/heres-how-much-recent-rains-have-washed-away-californias-drought/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wrote\u003c/a> about the state’s stunning water comeback for the San Jose Mercury News, where he reports on science and the environment. Here are some key points from Rogers about current water conditions in California, taken from an interview with KQED’s Brian Watt (numbers reflect the Drought Monitor issued on Mar. 5.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>People were worried at one point about another drought developing. How about now? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a dry winter last year and a dry December this year, people were starting to worry that the kind of drought conditions we saw between 2012 and 2016 might be coming back. But then it started raining like crazy, particularly in February and through early March, and those rains have really washed away fears of a returning drought. The new report showed that less than 1 percent of California, a tiny sliver up near Oregon, is still in a drought, and it’s classified as “moderate.” So our reservoirs are full, our rivers are full, and things are looking good in terms of the state’s water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How long has it been since the state’s water tank has been this full?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You have to go back to December 2011 to find a time when such a small amount of the state has been in drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just by comparison, a year ago, 47 percent of California was in drought. In March 2016, 97 percent of California was in a drought. Now we’re at 1 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How do the storms of this year compare to those of the past?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have a really good \u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">historical rainfall record\u003c/a> in San Francisco, going all the way back to 1850. In February, San Francisco saw 7.6 inches of rain. That’s twice as much as the historical average and the largest amount of rain in 10 years. The month’s rain total was the 16th most in a February In 169 years, according to the records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happened to cause the turnaround in precipitation? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remember the “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/26293/ridiculous-ridge-may-be-back-to-prolong-california-drought\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ridiculously Resilient Ridge\u003c/a>?” That was a big mass of high pressure air sitting in the Pacific Ocean. It acted like a large boulder in a river, blocking the storms trying to make their way to California, pushing them up into Canada and other places. That ridge is long gone, and low-pressure zones are setting up conditions where these wet atmospheric river storms from the tropics just keep barreling into the state, one after the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1938969/it-took-a-while-but-california-is-now-almost-completely-out-of-drought",
"authors": [
"6387"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_40",
"science_98"
],
"tags": [
"science_3841",
"science_572",
"science_3370",
"science_3830",
"science_201",
"science_365"
],
"featImg": "science_1938979",
"label": "source_science_1938969"
},
"science_1938853": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1938853",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1938853",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1551998137000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1551998137,
"format": "standard",
"title": "PHOTOS: Latest Winter Storm Lights Up Southern California Sky",
"headTitle": "PHOTOS: Latest Winter Storm Lights Up Southern California Sky | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Another very wet storm rolled into Southern California with spectacular lightning, thunderclaps and downpours, but evacuations were canceled Wednesday as significant debris and mud flows did not materialize.[contextly_sidebar id=”tWwS64gSK0n3mJCNQWGlKUyVmC0LZa4e”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Numerous traffic accidents, localized street flooding and canyon rock falls snarled Los Angeles area traffic, but conditions were diminishing to showers as the system moved east.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The storm was the latest atmospheric river to flow into the state this winter. The National Weather Service reported “copious” lightning strikes as the long plume of Pacific moisture approached the coast late Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sky over Southern California was streaked with bolts as thunder boomed and rattled the region. The weather service said it was “one of the more electrically active systems” seen all winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1938868\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-800x569.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"569\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-800x569.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-768x546.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-1020x725.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1938863\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1938863\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-800x547.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"547\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-800x547.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-768x525.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-1020x697.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lightning strikes in the skies above Santa Barbara, CA, March 5, 2019. \u003ccite>(Mike Eliason/Santa Barbara County Fire Department)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It was just thrilling. We were amazed,” said Jennifer Kennedy of Santa Monica, who was driving with her son near Los Angeles International Airport when the skies opened up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We started to see some really huge lightning strikes out over the water,” she said. “We wondered if it would affect flight operations at the airport.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delta Air Lines Flight 2432 returned to LAX “out of an abundance of caution” after encountering lightning Tuesday, the airline said. The 110 passengers were put aboard another flight to Seattle, a statement said, noting that airliners are designed to withstand lightning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Barbara County authorities were able to lift evacuation orders for an estimated 3,000 residents of communities below hills and mountains scarred by several recent wildfires, including parts of Montecito where a debris flow in January 2018 ravaged neighborhoods and killed more than 20 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/EliasonMike/status/1103196090721959936\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Highway Patrol reported numerous incidents of roadway flooding in the mountains northeast of Bakersfield and in areas of the San Joaquin Valley, as well as in the Owens Valley at the foot of the Eastern Sierra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A scenic stretch of Highway 1 near the popular tourist area of Big Sur was closed after the road surface broke apart while “several large boulders are perched above the coast route,” state transportation officials said on Twitter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors in Death Valley National Park were urged to use caution as roads flooded in one of the driest spots in the country. In a typical March, the Furnace Creek rain gauge in Death Valley records about 0.3 inches of rainfall. In a 24-hour period between Tuesday and Wednesday, the same gauge measured 0.84 inches, the weather service said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With just two weeks left in the season, California is flush with water and a vital snowpack that’s significantly above normal, and drought and abnormal dryness have been pushed to the fringes of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One inch of rain fell in downtown Los Angeles as of 2 p.m. Wednesday, breaking the previous record for the date of .88 inches set in 1884, the weather service said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With showers still occurring and more rain in the near- and long-term forecasts, downtown LA was nearing 18 inches so far this season. That’s more than 6 inches above normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Snow continued to fall in the Sierra Nevada, where winter storm warnings were to remain in effect for high elevations until early Thursday. The Mammoth Mountain ski resort reported more than 51 feet of snow on its summit so far this season.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 589,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 18
},
"modified": 1704848813,
"excerpt": "Lightning struck Santa Barbara skies on Tuesday as the latest atmospheric river storm hit the state.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Lightning struck Santa Barbara skies on Tuesday as the latest atmospheric river storm hit the state.",
"title": "PHOTOS: Latest Winter Storm Lights Up Southern California Sky | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "PHOTOS: Latest Winter Storm Lights Up Southern California Sky",
"datePublished": "2019-03-07T14:35:37-08:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-09T17:06:53-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "photos-latest-winter-storm-lights-up-southern-california-sky",
"status": "publish",
"nprByline": "Associated Press",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Weather",
"path": "/science/1938853/photos-latest-winter-storm-lights-up-southern-california-sky",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Another very wet storm rolled into Southern California with spectacular lightning, thunderclaps and downpours, but evacuations were canceled Wednesday as significant debris and mud flows did not materialize.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Numerous traffic accidents, localized street flooding and canyon rock falls snarled Los Angeles area traffic, but conditions were diminishing to showers as the system moved east.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The storm was the latest atmospheric river to flow into the state this winter. The National Weather Service reported “copious” lightning strikes as the long plume of Pacific moisture approached the coast late Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sky over Southern California was streaked with bolts as thunder boomed and rattled the region. The weather service said it was “one of the more electrically active systems” seen all winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1938868\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-800x569.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"569\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-800x569.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-768x546.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-1020x725.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1938863\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1938863\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-800x547.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"547\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-800x547.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-768x525.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-1020x697.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lightning strikes in the skies above Santa Barbara, CA, March 5, 2019. \u003ccite>(Mike Eliason/Santa Barbara County Fire Department)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It was just thrilling. We were amazed,” said Jennifer Kennedy of Santa Monica, who was driving with her son near Los Angeles International Airport when the skies opened up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We started to see some really huge lightning strikes out over the water,” she said. “We wondered if it would affect flight operations at the airport.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delta Air Lines Flight 2432 returned to LAX “out of an abundance of caution” after encountering lightning Tuesday, the airline said. The 110 passengers were put aboard another flight to Seattle, a statement said, noting that airliners are designed to withstand lightning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Barbara County authorities were able to lift evacuation orders for an estimated 3,000 residents of communities below hills and mountains scarred by several recent wildfires, including parts of Montecito where a debris flow in January 2018 ravaged neighborhoods and killed more than 20 people.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "singleTwitterStatus",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"id": "1103196090721959936"
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>The California Highway Patrol reported numerous incidents of roadway flooding in the mountains northeast of Bakersfield and in areas of the San Joaquin Valley, as well as in the Owens Valley at the foot of the Eastern Sierra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A scenic stretch of Highway 1 near the popular tourist area of Big Sur was closed after the road surface broke apart while “several large boulders are perched above the coast route,” state transportation officials said on Twitter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors in Death Valley National Park were urged to use caution as roads flooded in one of the driest spots in the country. In a typical March, the Furnace Creek rain gauge in Death Valley records about 0.3 inches of rainfall. In a 24-hour period between Tuesday and Wednesday, the same gauge measured 0.84 inches, the weather service said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With just two weeks left in the season, California is flush with water and a vital snowpack that’s significantly above normal, and drought and abnormal dryness have been pushed to the fringes of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One inch of rain fell in downtown Los Angeles as of 2 p.m. Wednesday, breaking the previous record for the date of .88 inches set in 1884, the weather service said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With showers still occurring and more rain in the near- and long-term forecasts, downtown LA was nearing 18 inches so far this season. That’s more than 6 inches above normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Snow continued to fall in the Sierra Nevada, where winter storm warnings were to remain in effect for high elevations until early Thursday. The Mammoth Mountain ski resort reported more than 51 feet of snow on its summit so far this season.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1938853/photos-latest-winter-storm-lights-up-southern-california-sky",
"authors": [
"byline_science_1938853"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_35",
"science_16",
"science_40",
"science_98"
],
"tags": [
"science_2227",
"science_3838",
"science_1746",
"science_5190",
"science_110",
"science_365"
],
"featImg": "science_1938866",
"label": "source_science_1938853"
},
"science_1938632": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1938632",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1938632",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1551686468000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "surprise-its-a-bipartisan-bill-and-a-gift-for-californias-desert-wildlife",
"title": "Surprise! It’s a Bipartisan Bill, and a Gift for California's Desert Wildlife",
"publishDate": 1551686468,
"format": "image",
"headTitle": "Surprise! It’s a Bipartisan Bill, and a Gift for California’s Desert Wildlife | KQED",
"labelTerm": {},
"content": "\u003cp>As anyone who has access to broadcast media, the internet, or gradeschool friend they have blocked on Facebook knows, we live in an era of hyperpartisanship. Which makes particularly noteworthy Congress’ recent \u003cem>bipartisan\u003c/em> passage of the biggest\u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/senate-bill/47/text\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> land conservation bill\u003c/a> in a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘There will be long, beautiful vistas in a place that is really an intact ecosystem. We’re protecting the very best of what remains.’\u003ccite>David Lamfrom, National Parks Conservation Association\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The bill protects more than 1 million acres of wilderness across the country. It also permanently reauthorizes a program that uses revenue from oil and gas drilling leases to pay for conservation initiatives. And it closes off some areas to mining, permanently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, the bill dramatically expands desert wilderness, and protects dozens of miles of waterways that will be newly designated as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927927/californias-wild-and-scenic-rivers-can-they-stay-that-way\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wild and scenic rivers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npca.org/people/david-lamfrom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cstrong>David Lamfrom\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> is the California desert and national wildlife director of the National Parks Conservation Association, and he’s worked for a decade on this legislation. He talked last week with KQED’s Brian Watt about what the bill means for the state. The following is a transcript of their conversation, edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So how did a bipartisan conservation bill ever get through Congress?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a great question. The reality is nowadays you don’t see individual pieces of public lands legislation generally moving through the House or the Senate. What you see are these larger packages being put together, what are called omnibus public lands bills. Many of the pieces of legislation represented within that larger package had been waiting up to a decade to be passed. So it’s not just a matter of ‘Why now?” It’s the fact that there has been a significant backlog of legislation related to public lands. The legislation is a profound conservation victory for areas all across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>And there’s something for almost every state in this?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Very much so. The proof is in the pudding, in that it passed the Senate 92 to 8, and the House 363-62. So it had incredibly bipartisan support, and it basically flew through both houses of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/tCsI9/23/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"width: 0; min-width: 100% !important;\" height=\"555\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>We’re talking about a big expansion of wilderness protection. Will any private property be taken ?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When we’re talking about public lands, they’re already owned by the federal government. Now there will be new levels of designation or protections added to them, but no private property was taken.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The legislation adds thousands of acres to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/jotr/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Joshua Tree\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/deva/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Death Valley\u003c/a> national parks. What does that mean for people who visit those areas and for wildlife?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What we’ve seen in the California desert, especially over the past five years, is millions and millions more visitors every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now we’re going to have just more remarkable landscape for people to explore, and I think visitors are going to be very excited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other piece is that this is really important as wildlife habitat and for the ecological integrity of the park. The additions to both Joshua Tree and Death Valley are really significant ecological pieces that were missing. We now have an opportunity to connect a large landscape through conservation. For example, the designation of \u003ca href=\"https://www.blm.gov/visit/soda-mountain-wilderness\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Soda Mountains Wilderness\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.calwild.org/portfolio/avawatz-mountains-wilderness/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Avawatz Mountains Wilderness\u003c/a>, and the expansion of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/deva/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Death Valley National Park\u003c/a>, means that the area between \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/moja/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mojave National Preserve\u003c/a> and Death Valley will be protected in perpetuity, creating a pathway that wildlife uses and that will protect incredible cultural resources. There will also be long, beautiful vistas in a place that is really an intact ecosystem. We’re protecting the very best of what remains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>We heard last August that bird populations in the Mojave were \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1929188/bird-species-collapse-in-the-mojave-driven-by-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">collapsing\u003c/a> due to climate change. Will these new protections help animals survive the coming changes?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here in the California desert, our ecosystem is going to be disproportionately affected by climate change. It’s going to affect species; it’s going to affect vegetation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Connecting the areas is a core strategy to avoiding the worst impacts, so that species can move to high elevations or low elevations to avoid temperatures that aren’t as favorable as they may have once been.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if we’re being really honest, that doesn’t mean every species might do well in this new regime. But at least on the landscape level, it will create opportunities for species to thrive in a rapidly changing world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I understand the legislation is a really big deal for something called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.doi.gov/lwcf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Land and Water Conservation Fund\u003c/a>. Can you tell us about that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Decades ago a deal was struck, as offshore drilling and leasing moved forward, to dedicate some of those revenues to conservation of land and water in the continental United States. That’s the Land and Water Conservation Fund. It’s a very, very important program, which in the California desert has been used to conserve a lot of land inside of desert national parks like Mojave National Preserve, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/jotr/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Joshua Tree National Park\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.fed.us/visit/sand-to-snow-national-monument\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sand to Stone National Monument\u003c/a>,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But every single year, in addition to the legislators having had to appropriate money to this fund, they had to reauthorize the fund itself. This new legislation permanently reauthorizes it. We’re not going to have to go through that step each and every time, and we can move forward with appropriating those funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "The legislation, which President Trump is expected to sign, protects more than 1 million acres of wilderness across the country, including a dramatic expansion in California.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1727135596,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": true,
"iframeSrcs": [
"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/tCsI9/23/"
],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 24,
"wordCount": 928
},
"headData": {
"title": "Surprise! It’s a Bipartisan Bill, and a Gift for California's Desert Wildlife | KQED",
"description": "The legislation, which President Trump is expected to sign, protects more than 1 million acres of wilderness across the country, including a dramatic expansion in California.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Surprise! It’s a Bipartisan Bill, and a Gift for California's Desert Wildlife",
"datePublished": "2019-03-04T00:01:08-08:00",
"dateModified": "2024-09-23T16:53:16-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"source": "Conservation",
"audioUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2019/03/Watt2wayParksBill.mp3",
"sticky": false,
"audioTrackLength": 294,
"path": "/science/1938632/surprise-its-a-bipartisan-bill-and-a-gift-for-californias-desert-wildlife",
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As anyone who has access to broadcast media, the internet, or gradeschool friend they have blocked on Facebook knows, we live in an era of hyperpartisanship. Which makes particularly noteworthy Congress’ recent \u003cem>bipartisan\u003c/em> passage of the biggest\u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/senate-bill/47/text\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> land conservation bill\u003c/a> in a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘There will be long, beautiful vistas in a place that is really an intact ecosystem. We’re protecting the very best of what remains.’\u003ccite>David Lamfrom, National Parks Conservation Association\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The bill protects more than 1 million acres of wilderness across the country. It also permanently reauthorizes a program that uses revenue from oil and gas drilling leases to pay for conservation initiatives. And it closes off some areas to mining, permanently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, the bill dramatically expands desert wilderness, and protects dozens of miles of waterways that will be newly designated as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927927/californias-wild-and-scenic-rivers-can-they-stay-that-way\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wild and scenic rivers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npca.org/people/david-lamfrom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cstrong>David Lamfrom\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> is the California desert and national wildlife director of the National Parks Conservation Association, and he’s worked for a decade on this legislation. He talked last week with KQED’s Brian Watt about what the bill means for the state. The following is a transcript of their conversation, edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So how did a bipartisan conservation bill ever get through Congress?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a great question. The reality is nowadays you don’t see individual pieces of public lands legislation generally moving through the House or the Senate. What you see are these larger packages being put together, what are called omnibus public lands bills. Many of the pieces of legislation represented within that larger package had been waiting up to a decade to be passed. So it’s not just a matter of ‘Why now?” It’s the fact that there has been a significant backlog of legislation related to public lands. The legislation is a profound conservation victory for areas all across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>And there’s something for almost every state in this?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Very much so. The proof is in the pudding, in that it passed the Senate 92 to 8, and the House 363-62. So it had incredibly bipartisan support, and it basically flew through both houses of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/tCsI9/23/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"width: 0; min-width: 100% !important;\" height=\"555\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>We’re talking about a big expansion of wilderness protection. Will any private property be taken ?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When we’re talking about public lands, they’re already owned by the federal government. Now there will be new levels of designation or protections added to them, but no private property was taken.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The legislation adds thousands of acres to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/jotr/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Joshua Tree\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/deva/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Death Valley\u003c/a> national parks. What does that mean for people who visit those areas and for wildlife?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What we’ve seen in the California desert, especially over the past five years, is millions and millions more visitors every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now we’re going to have just more remarkable landscape for people to explore, and I think visitors are going to be very excited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other piece is that this is really important as wildlife habitat and for the ecological integrity of the park. The additions to both Joshua Tree and Death Valley are really significant ecological pieces that were missing. We now have an opportunity to connect a large landscape through conservation. For example, the designation of \u003ca href=\"https://www.blm.gov/visit/soda-mountain-wilderness\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Soda Mountains Wilderness\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.calwild.org/portfolio/avawatz-mountains-wilderness/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Avawatz Mountains Wilderness\u003c/a>, and the expansion of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/deva/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Death Valley National Park\u003c/a>, means that the area between \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/moja/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mojave National Preserve\u003c/a> and Death Valley will be protected in perpetuity, creating a pathway that wildlife uses and that will protect incredible cultural resources. There will also be long, beautiful vistas in a place that is really an intact ecosystem. We’re protecting the very best of what remains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>We heard last August that bird populations in the Mojave were \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1929188/bird-species-collapse-in-the-mojave-driven-by-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">collapsing\u003c/a> due to climate change. Will these new protections help animals survive the coming changes?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here in the California desert, our ecosystem is going to be disproportionately affected by climate change. It’s going to affect species; it’s going to affect vegetation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Connecting the areas is a core strategy to avoiding the worst impacts, so that species can move to high elevations or low elevations to avoid temperatures that aren’t as favorable as they may have once been.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if we’re being really honest, that doesn’t mean every species might do well in this new regime. But at least on the landscape level, it will create opportunities for species to thrive in a rapidly changing world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I understand the legislation is a really big deal for something called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.doi.gov/lwcf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Land and Water Conservation Fund\u003c/a>. Can you tell us about that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Decades ago a deal was struck, as offshore drilling and leasing moved forward, to dedicate some of those revenues to conservation of land and water in the continental United States. That’s the Land and Water Conservation Fund. It’s a very, very important program, which in the California desert has been used to conserve a lot of land inside of desert national parks like Mojave National Preserve, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/jotr/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Joshua Tree National Park\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.fed.us/visit/sand-to-snow-national-monument\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sand to Stone National Monument\u003c/a>,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But every single year, in addition to the legislators having had to appropriate money to this fund, they had to reauthorize the fund itself. This new legislation permanently reauthorizes it. We’re not going to have to go through that step each and every time, and we can move forward with appropriating those funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1938632/surprise-its-a-bipartisan-bill-and-a-gift-for-californias-desert-wildlife",
"authors": [
"6387"
],
"programs": [
"science_5376"
],
"categories": [
"science_2874",
"science_46",
"science_31",
"science_35",
"science_40",
"science_5141",
"science_43",
"science_3423"
],
"tags": [
"science_3841",
"science_3370",
"science_1349",
"science_3830"
],
"featImg": "science_1938672",
"label": "source_science_1938632"
},
"science_1938135": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1938135",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1938135",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1551131922000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1551131922,
"format": "image",
"title": "Big Ideas for How Cities Can Adapt to a Changing Climate",
"headTitle": "Big Ideas for How Cities Can Adapt to a Changing Climate | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Rising temperatures, rising sea levels, increased flooding and natural disasters are hallmarks of global climate change. As the effects of the warming climate become more acute, cities, where people, industry and development are densely packed, may be particularly impacted.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘In the past if you wanted to think long-term, you thought long-term. Now if you want to think long-term, you get busy.’\u003ccite>Alex Steffen\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101869473/special-broadcast-future-of-cities-in-a-changing-climate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED Forum’s\u003c/a> Michael Krasny hosted a panel of guests at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nightofideassf.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Night of Ideas\u003c/a> festival at the San Francisco Public Library to examine bold actions cities might take in the face of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guests included a landscape architect, a futurist, a designer and a science fiction author. Here are some of their insights, edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Act Now\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alex Steffen, \u003c/strong>planetary futurist, \u003ca href=\"https://thenearlynow.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Nearly Now\u003c/a>; author, “Carbon Zero: Imagining Cities that Can Save the Planet”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We are in a planetary crisis and the choices we make in just the next few years will have profound implications for centuries and millennia. One of the difficult things to really grasp is how we’re used to thinking the world works — the speed of change that we tend to think is reasonable — is just right out the window. We’re now in a different world where change is fast. The impacts are very serious, and the stakes are high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So we want to think about the things that we need to do to make 200 years from now livable. In the past if you wanted to think long- term you thought long-term. Now if you want to think long-term you get busy; you go out there and start doing things. So much of the political fight around this is not really whether or not we will end up doing something, it’s how fast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a lot of people now who are recognizing that by acting much more quickly than we’re comfortable with we open up huge opportunities for the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where do we begin and what big changes can we make?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alex Steffen\u003c/strong>: Build. That is at the top of the list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have a massive housing crisis here in the state in almost every city. We know that adding dense affordable green housing to cities is possible. And if we do it right, we can decrease auto dependence. We can drop emissions. And we can have the money to build the kinds of systems we are going to need to not only bring our CO2 down with clean energy, but also prepare for the very serious consequences that are already hitting our shores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Richard Kennedy, \u003c/strong>landscape architect; senior principal, James Corner Field Operations\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I am absolutely an optimist about the pressures and challenges ahead. I think cities are where the action is, but they are also the most sustainable way of living. They’re compact and dense and tied to transit. But cities can be better. They can be healthier, they can be greener, and they can be more equitable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think we all in some sense like being surrounded by people, being cheek to jowl with others. We go to popular restaurants and we come to events like this filled with people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so the solution is to actually make these housing projects and new development more compact, more dense, and to create more space that can be retained as nature, as green space, parks, trails, running spaces, playgrounds. And when the tides come in, these places get flooded. When storms come and rainwater comes from the hills, they get flooded. But when those storms stop and the tides recede, those places dry up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So it’s just more dense but at the same time more green and I think more vibrant. It’s doing it in a way where you’re identifying where there’s space for green resources and where there’s space for development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And we do need to build. We do need to be creating those spaces where cities can grow and populations can live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Annalee Newitz\u003c/strong>, author, “Scatter, Adapt, and Remember: How Humans Will Survive a Mass Extinction; founder of \u003ca href=\"https://io9.gizmodo.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">io9\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think right now in the United States we have a model where most of our food is imported from another place. In San Franisco, we do have a whole locavore culture, which is kind of boutique food that’s grown locally, but most people get food that’s trucked or shipped in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of arguments have been made that if we want to reduce our carbon footprint, one way to do that is to try to have not necessarily farming on your roof, but farms located near the city. That would make the city or a set of cities able to sustain themselves within a local region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so you aren’t depending on truck routes, for example, to get your tomatoes or to get your oranges or to get your grapes. I don’t think we’re ever going to have a moment, at least in our lifetimes, where everyone in San Francisco is eating food only grown locally, but I think that that’s what we have to work toward\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It’s not just a technology problem; it’s also a ‘people problem\u003c/strong>‘\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Liz Ogbu, \u003c/strong>designer, urbanist; founder and princicpal, Studio O\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From an architecture perspective, we actually have the capacity to build better. We have made lots of advances in technology, and our buildings have a possibility of being carbon neutral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The buildings that we design today make a much lighter footprint on the Earth than the ones from many years ago. In Silicon Valley we can talk about what it might look like to have a city without cars. That is all within our grasp. I think the challenge, however, is that it is not just a technology problem; it’s also a people problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So as an architect I can tell you the things designed to make that better city. But the other piece of it is: What are the things that keep people poor? What are the things that keep us leading a wasteful existence? Are we at the point where we’re ready to make those big sacrifices?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now most of us with privilege are causing harm for those who are without. So what are we willing to give up? What are we willing to spend more on, in terms of taxes or in terms of us completely re-configuring the ways in which we design our cities. Maybe it’s not having such huge sprawl. Maybe our cities need to be much more compact and we have to be willing to let go of having such a large footprint. We could have lots of green life all around. We can have no cars on this street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The way that we’re going, those who have already benefited from the system the way it is now will probably be the ones who continue to benefit, and the poor will continue to remain poor unless we do something about changing our social systems. I think the city of the future may have Jetsons-like scenery, but you’re probably still going to have some homeless people on the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003cstrong>Annalee Newitz\u003c/strong>: \u003c/b> I think borders are the enemy of survival. And I mean that in many different ways. But I think that we are looking toward a future where there is going to be mass migration due to climate change and political instability. We’re going to have to be thinking about more than the questions around developing more places for them to live, which I think absolutely we do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So what could the city of the future look like?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003cstrong>Annalee Newitz\u003c/strong>: \u003c/b>A lot of designers now are thinking about incorporating biological materials into city design. There’s a really interesting group in New York called \u003ca href=\"http://www.thelivingnewyork.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Living\u003c/a>, and they’re working on the idea that maybe one day you would plant a seed and grow a house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a kind of extreme version of what they’re working on. But the idea would be that you might be able to build with living materials with semipermeable membranes and self-healing materials so that you wouldn’t have to just rip down your house and build a new one. It could work with the environment instead of against the environment. And I think that stuff is quite exciting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I love the idea of a city which itself is alive, and also a city that maybe is built to contain nonhuman animals. We do live with animals all the time, but we don’t build our cities in harmony with them. I love the notion of a city that might build a migration pathway for animals to pass through because this is a huge issue in cities often, where we kind of wreck natural habitats and the natural pathways of the other animals that want to get through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Learning from the past\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003cstrong>Annalee Newitz\u003c/strong>:\u003c/b> The past several years I’ve been visiting archaeological sites and talking with folks who work on ancient urban sites where people left. I looked at four cities in particular — \u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/place/Pompeii\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pompeii\u003c/a> was one of them. And you think you know why people left Pompeii. But actually it’s more complicated than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What really united all of these cities, one of which is 9,000 years old, is that people would start to leave those cities. They abandoned city life, often at great expense and personal cost, when there were environmental problems and infrastructure problems combined with political problems. And that’s pretty much the recipe for wrecking a city, when you combine those two things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of cities survive massive environmental problems, infrastructure that’s crumbling, if they have a healthy political or community structure. For example, Rome has survived thousands of years of political instability. But they have managed to maintain a healthy infrastructure through that time. So really what I found was that climate change and infrastructure maintenance are a huge theme throughout the history of cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think what history shows us is that as we look to the future we constantly have to weigh both the nuts and bolts of environmental sustainability and the more heady work of thinking through our political system and thinking through how we handle the most vulnerable people in our society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Start Locally\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003cstrong>Liz Ogbu:\u003c/strong> It’s been very interesting since this current administration came into power how all of a sudden you saw action happening at the city and at the state level. People stopped expecting the federal government to do stuff for us, and we started to invest more in our local systems and talk about how we can make change at that level. We need to double down on that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you try to think about all of this stuff at the federal level, it’s almost too overwhelming. We just stop because it’s like there’s nothing we can do about that. Whereas at the local level we actually do have the capacity to start to make a change. And so if we start to talk about not just what are we passing but what are we doing to actually heal the social structures at the local level, we actually might have a chance of eventually making our way up to completely redoing what’s coming from the federal level\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1979,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 43
},
"modified": 1704848834,
"excerpt": "How can the city of the future be reimagined for living in the face of climate change?",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "How can the city of the future be reimagined for living in the face of climate change?",
"title": "Big Ideas for How Cities Can Adapt to a Changing Climate | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Big Ideas for How Cities Can Adapt to a Changing Climate",
"datePublished": "2019-02-25T13:58:42-08:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-09T17:07:14-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "big-ideas-for-how-cities-can-cope-with-a-changing-climate",
"status": "publish",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Climate",
"path": "/science/1938135/big-ideas-for-how-cities-can-cope-with-a-changing-climate",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Rising temperatures, rising sea levels, increased flooding and natural disasters are hallmarks of global climate change. As the effects of the warming climate become more acute, cities, where people, industry and development are densely packed, may be particularly impacted.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘In the past if you wanted to think long-term, you thought long-term. Now if you want to think long-term, you get busy.’\u003ccite>Alex Steffen\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101869473/special-broadcast-future-of-cities-in-a-changing-climate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED Forum’s\u003c/a> Michael Krasny hosted a panel of guests at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nightofideassf.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Night of Ideas\u003c/a> festival at the San Francisco Public Library to examine bold actions cities might take in the face of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guests included a landscape architect, a futurist, a designer and a science fiction author. Here are some of their insights, edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Act Now\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alex Steffen, \u003c/strong>planetary futurist, \u003ca href=\"https://thenearlynow.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Nearly Now\u003c/a>; author, “Carbon Zero: Imagining Cities that Can Save the Planet”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We are in a planetary crisis and the choices we make in just the next few years will have profound implications for centuries and millennia. One of the difficult things to really grasp is how we’re used to thinking the world works — the speed of change that we tend to think is reasonable — is just right out the window. We’re now in a different world where change is fast. The impacts are very serious, and the stakes are high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So we want to think about the things that we need to do to make 200 years from now livable. In the past if you wanted to think long- term you thought long-term. Now if you want to think long-term you get busy; you go out there and start doing things. So much of the political fight around this is not really whether or not we will end up doing something, it’s how fast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a lot of people now who are recognizing that by acting much more quickly than we’re comfortable with we open up huge opportunities for the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where do we begin and what big changes can we make?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alex Steffen\u003c/strong>: Build. That is at the top of the list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have a massive housing crisis here in the state in almost every city. We know that adding dense affordable green housing to cities is possible. And if we do it right, we can decrease auto dependence. We can drop emissions. And we can have the money to build the kinds of systems we are going to need to not only bring our CO2 down with clean energy, but also prepare for the very serious consequences that are already hitting our shores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Richard Kennedy, \u003c/strong>landscape architect; senior principal, James Corner Field Operations\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I am absolutely an optimist about the pressures and challenges ahead. I think cities are where the action is, but they are also the most sustainable way of living. They’re compact and dense and tied to transit. But cities can be better. They can be healthier, they can be greener, and they can be more equitable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think we all in some sense like being surrounded by people, being cheek to jowl with others. We go to popular restaurants and we come to events like this filled with people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so the solution is to actually make these housing projects and new development more compact, more dense, and to create more space that can be retained as nature, as green space, parks, trails, running spaces, playgrounds. And when the tides come in, these places get flooded. When storms come and rainwater comes from the hills, they get flooded. But when those storms stop and the tides recede, those places dry up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So it’s just more dense but at the same time more green and I think more vibrant. It’s doing it in a way where you’re identifying where there’s space for green resources and where there’s space for development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And we do need to build. We do need to be creating those spaces where cities can grow and populations can live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Annalee Newitz\u003c/strong>, author, “Scatter, Adapt, and Remember: How Humans Will Survive a Mass Extinction; founder of \u003ca href=\"https://io9.gizmodo.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">io9\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think right now in the United States we have a model where most of our food is imported from another place. In San Franisco, we do have a whole locavore culture, which is kind of boutique food that’s grown locally, but most people get food that’s trucked or shipped in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of arguments have been made that if we want to reduce our carbon footprint, one way to do that is to try to have not necessarily farming on your roof, but farms located near the city. That would make the city or a set of cities able to sustain themselves within a local region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so you aren’t depending on truck routes, for example, to get your tomatoes or to get your oranges or to get your grapes. I don’t think we’re ever going to have a moment, at least in our lifetimes, where everyone in San Francisco is eating food only grown locally, but I think that that’s what we have to work toward\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It’s not just a technology problem; it’s also a ‘people problem\u003c/strong>‘\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Liz Ogbu, \u003c/strong>designer, urbanist; founder and princicpal, Studio O\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From an architecture perspective, we actually have the capacity to build better. We have made lots of advances in technology, and our buildings have a possibility of being carbon neutral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The buildings that we design today make a much lighter footprint on the Earth than the ones from many years ago. In Silicon Valley we can talk about what it might look like to have a city without cars. That is all within our grasp. I think the challenge, however, is that it is not just a technology problem; it’s also a people problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So as an architect I can tell you the things designed to make that better city. But the other piece of it is: What are the things that keep people poor? What are the things that keep us leading a wasteful existence? Are we at the point where we’re ready to make those big sacrifices?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now most of us with privilege are causing harm for those who are without. So what are we willing to give up? What are we willing to spend more on, in terms of taxes or in terms of us completely re-configuring the ways in which we design our cities. Maybe it’s not having such huge sprawl. Maybe our cities need to be much more compact and we have to be willing to let go of having such a large footprint. We could have lots of green life all around. We can have no cars on this street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The way that we’re going, those who have already benefited from the system the way it is now will probably be the ones who continue to benefit, and the poor will continue to remain poor unless we do something about changing our social systems. I think the city of the future may have Jetsons-like scenery, but you’re probably still going to have some homeless people on the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003cstrong>Annalee Newitz\u003c/strong>: \u003c/b> I think borders are the enemy of survival. And I mean that in many different ways. But I think that we are looking toward a future where there is going to be mass migration due to climate change and political instability. We’re going to have to be thinking about more than the questions around developing more places for them to live, which I think absolutely we do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So what could the city of the future look like?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003cstrong>Annalee Newitz\u003c/strong>: \u003c/b>A lot of designers now are thinking about incorporating biological materials into city design. There’s a really interesting group in New York called \u003ca href=\"http://www.thelivingnewyork.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Living\u003c/a>, and they’re working on the idea that maybe one day you would plant a seed and grow a house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a kind of extreme version of what they’re working on. But the idea would be that you might be able to build with living materials with semipermeable membranes and self-healing materials so that you wouldn’t have to just rip down your house and build a new one. It could work with the environment instead of against the environment. And I think that stuff is quite exciting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I love the idea of a city which itself is alive, and also a city that maybe is built to contain nonhuman animals. We do live with animals all the time, but we don’t build our cities in harmony with them. I love the notion of a city that might build a migration pathway for animals to pass through because this is a huge issue in cities often, where we kind of wreck natural habitats and the natural pathways of the other animals that want to get through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Learning from the past\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003cstrong>Annalee Newitz\u003c/strong>:\u003c/b> The past several years I’ve been visiting archaeological sites and talking with folks who work on ancient urban sites where people left. I looked at four cities in particular — \u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/place/Pompeii\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pompeii\u003c/a> was one of them. And you think you know why people left Pompeii. But actually it’s more complicated than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What really united all of these cities, one of which is 9,000 years old, is that people would start to leave those cities. They abandoned city life, often at great expense and personal cost, when there were environmental problems and infrastructure problems combined with political problems. And that’s pretty much the recipe for wrecking a city, when you combine those two things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of cities survive massive environmental problems, infrastructure that’s crumbling, if they have a healthy political or community structure. For example, Rome has survived thousands of years of political instability. But they have managed to maintain a healthy infrastructure through that time. So really what I found was that climate change and infrastructure maintenance are a huge theme throughout the history of cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think what history shows us is that as we look to the future we constantly have to weigh both the nuts and bolts of environmental sustainability and the more heady work of thinking through our political system and thinking through how we handle the most vulnerable people in our society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Start Locally\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003cstrong>Liz Ogbu:\u003c/strong> It’s been very interesting since this current administration came into power how all of a sudden you saw action happening at the city and at the state level. People stopped expecting the federal government to do stuff for us, and we started to invest more in our local systems and talk about how we can make change at that level. We need to double down on that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you try to think about all of this stuff at the federal level, it’s almost too overwhelming. We just stop because it’s like there’s nothing we can do about that. Whereas at the local level we actually do have the capacity to start to make a change. And so if we start to talk about not just what are we passing but what are we doing to actually heal the social structures at the local level, we actually might have a chance of eventually making our way up to completely redoing what’s coming from the federal level\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1938135/big-ideas-for-how-cities-can-cope-with-a-changing-climate",
"authors": [
"6387"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_33",
"science_35",
"science_37",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_194",
"science_3834",
"science_556",
"science_206"
],
"featImg": "science_1938197",
"label": "source_science_1938135"
},
"science_1938362": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1938362",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1938362",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1551081661000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1551081661,
"format": "audio",
"title": "New Rule Would Require Employers to Protect Indoor Workers From Heat Illness",
"headTitle": "New Rule Would Require Employers to Protect Indoor Workers From Heat Illness | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>The last five years have been the hottest on record in California, and state officials say climate change is raising heat-related health and safety concerns for hundreds of thousands of workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1020\" height=\"710\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1932919\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-1020x710.jpg\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-1020x710.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-160x111.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-800x557.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-768x535.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-1200x835.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-1920x1336.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-1180x821.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-960x668.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-240x167.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-375x261.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-520x362.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1934110/rising-heat-is-making-workers-sick\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rising Heat Is Making Workers Sick, Even Indoors\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/tag/heat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">More from KQED’s series on the increasing danger of extreme heat\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>California was the first in the nation to set heat safety limits outdoors, and now workplace regulators have a \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/doshreg/Heat-Illness-Prevention-Indoors/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new proposal\u003c/a> to keep employees safe indoors as well. These rules would also be the first of their kind in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED Science reporter Molly Peterson has been investigating climate-driven heat in homes and on the job around California. Her investigation into the heat experienced by 16 workers in workplaces around the state found that they spent nearly half their time on average in heat above the state’s currently proposed heat standard, resulting in fainting spells, heat sickness, unexpected doctors’ visits and lost wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here, Peterson breaks down what the state is considering and why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who’s affected by hot workplaces?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This isn’t just about canneries in the Central Valley and roasting-hot warehouse in San Bernardino. This is about restaurants in the South Bay and factories in the East Bay, and any office building where there’s no air conditioning and the sun gets brutal behind big windows. That could mean a lot of workplaces in Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It might be more obvious to think about workers outdoors, but in recent years there’s been a national movement to recognize the problem of people getting sick and even dying from heat indoors. So all eyes are on how California will deal with the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the state’s workplace regulators (Cal/OSHA, in the Department of Industrial Regulation) considering?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/doshreg/Heat-Illness-Prevention-Indoors/Draft-revisions-Jan-29-2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">latest version\u003c/a> of the proposed rule says that when the heat index is measured at 87 — heat index is temperature modified by humidity — employers must have a plan in place to protect workers. The rule says the best way to protect workers is to cool the workplace itself, and beyond that, to offer workers a break in a cooler location. If those options aren’t feasible, companies may supply their workers with protective gear like water-cooled garments or cooling vests to guard against the heat if it’s going to persist for a long time. Employers also have to measure and keep records about the temperatures indoors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state had earlier proposed a higher heat index of 90 as the trigger point for mandatory heat safety protection. Advocacy groups used scientific studies and other evidence, as well as data collected by KQED, to \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/doshreg/Heat-Illness-Prevention-Indoors/Comments-Oct-24-2018.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">argue\u003c/a> that workers would still be at risk for injury at that heat level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We also know from recorded incidences of heat illness, from OSHA records and studies of those, that people really start to become vulnerable to heat illness at a heat index of around 85 degrees,” says Tim Shadix, attorney for Oakland-based Worksafe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How has KQED investigated excessive heat at indoor workplaces?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We gave out sensors to measure the heat index to 16 workers in the most impacted industries, including garment factories, indoor car washes, a cannery, and, yes, warehouses in the Inland Empire. On average, the workers we talked to spent more than half their time in heat above the state’s currently proposed heat standard; if the rule is adopted, employers would have to take steps to protect every one of them. We’re talking about hourly wage employees without great health care. Worker advocates told us they were surprised at how much of the day workers spent in high heat, even in the morning or late at night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens now?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA finished taking public comments last Friday about its latest draft. The next step is to complete an economic impact analysis and figure out how much it will cost to implement the rule. Eventually, there will be a hearing and a vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 679,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 17
},
"modified": 1704848836,
"excerpt": "A KQED investigation found indoor workers laboring at dangerous temperatures for nearly half their shifts. Reporter Molly Peterson clues us in on what would be first-in-the-nation protections against the rising threat of extreme heat in the era of climate change.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "A KQED investigation found indoor workers laboring at dangerous temperatures for nearly half their shifts. Reporter Molly Peterson clues us in on what would be first-in-the-nation protections against the rising threat of extreme heat in the era of climate change.",
"title": "New Rule Would Require Employers to Protect Indoor Workers From Heat Illness | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "New Rule Would Require Employers to Protect Indoor Workers From Heat Illness",
"datePublished": "2019-02-25T00:01:01-08:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-09T17:07:16-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "in-a-hotter-california-employers-may-soon-have-to-protect-workers-indoors",
"status": "publish",
"audioUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2019/02/PetersonHeatWorkerProtections.mp3",
"sticky": false,
"audioTrackLength": 424,
"source": "Heat",
"path": "/science/1938362/in-a-hotter-california-employers-may-soon-have-to-protect-workers-indoors",
"audioDuration": 442000,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The last five years have been the hottest on record in California, and state officials say climate change is raising heat-related health and safety concerns for hundreds of thousands of workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1020\" height=\"710\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1932919\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-1020x710.jpg\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-1020x710.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-160x111.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-800x557.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-768x535.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-1200x835.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-1920x1336.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-1180x821.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-960x668.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-240x167.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-375x261.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/10/GettyImages-452576530-520x362.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1934110/rising-heat-is-making-workers-sick\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rising Heat Is Making Workers Sick, Even Indoors\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/tag/heat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">More from KQED’s series on the increasing danger of extreme heat\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>California was the first in the nation to set heat safety limits outdoors, and now workplace regulators have a \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/doshreg/Heat-Illness-Prevention-Indoors/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new proposal\u003c/a> to keep employees safe indoors as well. These rules would also be the first of their kind in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED Science reporter Molly Peterson has been investigating climate-driven heat in homes and on the job around California. Her investigation into the heat experienced by 16 workers in workplaces around the state found that they spent nearly half their time on average in heat above the state’s currently proposed heat standard, resulting in fainting spells, heat sickness, unexpected doctors’ visits and lost wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here, Peterson breaks down what the state is considering and why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who’s affected by hot workplaces?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This isn’t just about canneries in the Central Valley and roasting-hot warehouse in San Bernardino. This is about restaurants in the South Bay and factories in the East Bay, and any office building where there’s no air conditioning and the sun gets brutal behind big windows. That could mean a lot of workplaces in Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It might be more obvious to think about workers outdoors, but in recent years there’s been a national movement to recognize the problem of people getting sick and even dying from heat indoors. So all eyes are on how California will deal with the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the state’s workplace regulators (Cal/OSHA, in the Department of Industrial Regulation) considering?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/doshreg/Heat-Illness-Prevention-Indoors/Draft-revisions-Jan-29-2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">latest version\u003c/a> of the proposed rule says that when the heat index is measured at 87 — heat index is temperature modified by humidity — employers must have a plan in place to protect workers. The rule says the best way to protect workers is to cool the workplace itself, and beyond that, to offer workers a break in a cooler location. If those options aren’t feasible, companies may supply their workers with protective gear like water-cooled garments or cooling vests to guard against the heat if it’s going to persist for a long time. Employers also have to measure and keep records about the temperatures indoors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state had earlier proposed a higher heat index of 90 as the trigger point for mandatory heat safety protection. Advocacy groups used scientific studies and other evidence, as well as data collected by KQED, to \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/doshreg/Heat-Illness-Prevention-Indoors/Comments-Oct-24-2018.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">argue\u003c/a> that workers would still be at risk for injury at that heat level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We also know from recorded incidences of heat illness, from OSHA records and studies of those, that people really start to become vulnerable to heat illness at a heat index of around 85 degrees,” says Tim Shadix, attorney for Oakland-based Worksafe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How has KQED investigated excessive heat at indoor workplaces?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We gave out sensors to measure the heat index to 16 workers in the most impacted industries, including garment factories, indoor car washes, a cannery, and, yes, warehouses in the Inland Empire. On average, the workers we talked to spent more than half their time in heat above the state’s currently proposed heat standard; if the rule is adopted, employers would have to take steps to protect every one of them. We’re talking about hourly wage employees without great health care. Worker advocates told us they were surprised at how much of the day workers spent in high heat, even in the morning or late at night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happens now?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal/OSHA finished taking public comments last Friday about its latest draft. The next step is to complete an economic impact analysis and figure out how much it will cost to implement the rule. Eventually, there will be a hearing and a vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1938362/in-a-hotter-california-employers-may-soon-have-to-protect-workers-indoors",
"authors": [
"6387"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_35",
"science_39",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_3841",
"science_194",
"science_3370",
"science_2184",
"science_3830"
],
"featImg": "science_1934262",
"label": "source_science_1938362"
},
"science_1938303": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1938303",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1938303",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1550805349000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1550805349,
"format": "standard",
"title": "Here's Trump's EPA Pick Talking Climate Change. And Yes, We Fact-Checked Him",
"headTitle": "Here’s Trump’s EPA Pick Talking Climate Change. And Yes, We Fact-Checked Him | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>The Trump Administration has ended negotiations with California over fuel-efficiency regulations, and that’s no surprise, given recent events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andrew Wheeler, acting administrator for the Environmental Protection Agency, appeared in San Francisco at the Bloomberg Mobility Conference in January. As KQED and other outlets reported at the time, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1933612/california-escalates-battle-with-trump-epa-over-clean-car-rules\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">relationship\u003c/a> between California and the EPA was already well and truly frosty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We thought it would be useful to look more closely at what Wheeler says on issues central to California. In a rare interview, he spoke to \u003ca href=\"https://climateone.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Climate One\u003c/a>’s \u003ca href=\"https://climateone.org/people/greg-dalton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Greg Dalton\u003c/a> in San Francisco, and KQED reporter Molly Peterson has annotated the following excerpts from the interview. The excerpts were chosen for their relevance to Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On Power Plants\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greg Dalton:\u003c/strong> During your Senate confirmation testimony, you said that climate change is not the greatest risk facing humanity, but it’s somewhere around an eight or nine on a scale of 10. So what is the Trump Administration doing to address that eight or nine challenge for humanity?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Andrew Wheeler: \u003c/strong>Sure, we’re moving forward with our ACE proposal, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/stationary-sources-air-pollution/proposal-affordable-clean-energy-ace-rule\">Affordable Clean Energy [Rule]\u003c/a>, which will reduce CO2 from the electric power segment. We’re also moving forth our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927865/trump-epa-ready-to-throw-down-gauntlet-on-calif-auto-emissions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CAFE standard\u003c/a>, which will also reduce CO2. On the ACE proposal, it’s projected to get 33 to 34 percent reduction in CO2 from the electric power sector over the life of the regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dalton: \u003c/strong>Though, I think a \u003ca href=\"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aafe25\">Harvard study\u003c/a> that questioned whether that will really reduce CO2 compared to the Obama Clean Power Plan, which I think that’s trying to replace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wheeler: \u003c/strong>Well, you got to remember the Obama \u003ca href=\"https://www.eenews.net/interactive/clean_power_plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Clean Power Plan\u003c/a> never took effect. It was stayed by the Supreme Court because, in my opinion, it went outside the Clean Air Act. It’s really hard to compare apples and oranges when you have a regulation that was never implemented outside the jurisdiction of the agency and the outside of the authority of the Clean Air Act versus a proposed regulation that follows the law, follows the Supreme Court precedents, and will reduce CO2.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">Wheeler’s right about one thing: It’s hard to compare the Obama-era Clean Power Plan and the Affordable Clean Energy Rule, but not for the reasons he cites. The two plans are based on dramatically different assumptions, both about how fast carbon emissions are already dropping, and how low they’ll be in the future.Wheeler’s pledge that ACE will reduce carbon in the electric power sector by “33 to 34 percent” comes from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-08/documents/utilities_ria_proposed_ace_2018-08.pdf\">EPA’s analysis of its rule\u003c/a>. But reading the fine print in that analysis, it’s clear that almost all of those emissions will go away whether or not the ACE rule takes effect: less than 1 percent of emissions reductions will come directly from the Trump-era rule.\n\u003cp>And EPA’s own analysis offers evidence the ACE rule won’t be as effective as the Clean Power Plan. I scratched out a tons-to-tons comparison of the projected emissions and promised reductions in each proposal from data tables in the analysis, and it comes out like this: By 2030, emissions under the Affordable Clean Energy Rule may be 5 to 6 percent higher than under the Clean Power Plan. On top of that, loopholes in the ACE rule could increase carbon emissions in 19 states and the District of Columbia, \u003ca href=\"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aafe25\">according to researchers at Resources for the Future and Harvard.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003ch3>On How Far EPA’s Authority Goes\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dalton:\u003c/strong> Coal production — coal capacity — in the United States is down about a third from 2010. Banks, insurance companies, hedge funds are all moving away from coal, as you well know. Do you really think that that easing regulations on coal will help bring back an industry that’s in decline for lots of reasons?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wheeler: \u003c/strong>I think the important thing here is that we’re not tipping the scales. The Obama Administration tipped the scales away from coal. It’s not the job of the EPA — the authority of the EPA — to pick winners and losers between the different fuel sources. That would be either Department of Energy or FERC [Federal Energy Regulatory Commission], or even more likely, the state PUCs [Public Utility Commissions]. Our job is to set the regulations that govern the industry, and that’s what we’re doing, and we believe we have a responsible regulation that will reduce CO2 in the electrical power segment, following both the Clean Air Act and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.oyez.org/cases/2006/05-1120\">Massachusetts vs. EPA decision\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">As Wheeler himself points out, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.eenews.net/interactive/clean_power_plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Clean Power Plan\u003c/a>, the regulatory scheme that presented the greatest existential threat to coal-fired power plants, never took effect. What really tipped the scales against coal was the market itself: \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=38172\">more than half\u003c/a> of mines that were open a decade ago have closed, and the Energy Information Authority \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=37817\">reports\u003c/a> that U.S. coal consumption was the lowest last year in 39 years.Wheeler says it’s not the job of the EPA to pick winners and losers among fuel sources. That’s not entirely accurate. It \u003cu>is\u003c/u> the job of the EPA to regulate greenhouse gases. In 2014, an opinion by Justice Antonin Scalia in the case \u003ca href=\"https://apps.washingtonpost.com/g/page/politics/supreme-court-decision-limiting-epa-regulation-of-greenhouse-gas-emissions/1117/\">Utility Air Regulatory Group vs. EPA\u003c/a> found that greenhouse gas emissions don’t automatically trigger federal regulation. But the court also decided that the EPA could limit greenhouse gas as a “pollutant subject to regulation” for big power plants that were already regulated for other pollutants.\n\u003cp>So, in effect, regulation can tip the scale toward cleaner fuel sources, because it’s meant to limit pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003ch3>On Clean Car Standards\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dalton: \u003c/strong>[W]e’re here talking at a Bloomberg Conference on Mobility — a lot of talk about the California waiver, clean car standards. California and the federal government are kind of at a deadlock there. How’s that gonna play out? \u003cem>[Editor’s Note: This interview happened before the break in talks.]\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wheeler:\u003c/strong> Well, hopefully we can end up with something as a regulation that California likes and can agree with, but, you know, California’s only looking at it as one policy issue and that is energy efficiency. The Trump Administration, the federal government, we’re looking at more than just one policy issue, including highway safety, lives saved. Our proposal will save 1,000 lives per year as opposed — over and above the Obama proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dalton: \u003c/strong>Is that because of bigger cars? What’s the basis for that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wheeler:\u003c/strong> It’s older cars. Right now, people are keeping their cars longer because the high price of cars. The average lifespan for a car on the on the road, the average age of a car on the road, today is 12 years. It used to be eight years. People are holding onto their cars longer. When you buy a new car, you buy a more energy-efficient car, you buy a safer car, and what we’re trying to do with our CAFE proposal is bring down the cost of a new car, which would bring us down [by] around $2,300 per car on average. That will incentivize more people to buy newer, safer, more energy-efficient cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">This is a little confusing. Wheeler is relying on a major public analysis \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.dot.gov/files/documents/ld-cafe-co2-nhtsa-2127-al76-epa-pria-180823.pdf\">released\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.dot.gov/files/documents/ld-cafe-co2-nhtsa-2127-al76-epa-pria-180823.pdf\">jointly\u003c/a> by the EPA and the National Transportation Safety Highway Authority that \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-09/documents/caaac_presentation_on_safe_nprm_sept_26_2018_final.pdf\">essentially\u003c/a> argues that it saves lives for fuel-efficient cars to come onto the market more slowly than the current standards require.The Trump Administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.dot.gov/files/documents/ld-cafe-co2-nhtsa-2127-al76-epa-pria-180823.pdf\">analysis\u003c/a> found that EPA’s CAFE proposal would reduce expected road fatalities by 1,000 a year, if it takes effect, because it assumes that people driving energy-efficient cars would drive far more often, raising their risk for fatal accidents. For this and other reasons, scholars \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/02/climate/trump-fuel-economy.html\">on whose work the EPA relies \u003c/a> disagree, \u003ca href=\"http://environment.yale.edu/news/article/economist-on-the-flaws-large-and-small-in-trumps-fuel-economy-rollback/\">saying\u003c/a> that this analysis is “botching the equation” and “flies in the face of economic logic.”\n\u003cp>In fact, an internal EPA staff presentation sent to the Office of Management and Budget \u003ca href=\"http://www.4cleanair.org/sites/default/files/Documents/EPA_Staff_Memo_to_NHTSA_on_Draft_NPRM-61818.pdf\">concluded\u003c/a> that the agency’s proposal would actually increase road fatalities by 17 a year. EPA director of standards William Charmley wrote that the “proposed standards are detrimental to safety, rather than beneficial.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s the cost question. EPA does conclude that its CAFE standards would make cars, on average, $2,340 cheaper, which also helps justify its record-breaking auto sales projections. But economists and consumer advocates say \u003ca href=\"https://consumerfed.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/on-the-road-to-2025-cafe-standards.pdf\">the\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://consumerfed.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/on-the-road-to-2025-cafe-standards.pdf\">cost\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://consumerfed.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/on-the-road-to-2025-cafe-standards.pdf\">of\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://consumerfed.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/on-the-road-to-2025-cafe-standards.pdf\">fuel\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://energyathaas.wordpress.com/2018/09/08/rebounds-role-in-trumps-fuel-economy-rollback/\">depreciation\u003c/a> of the cheaper cars would offset that initial benefit, a point that Greg Dalton makes in his follow up question, below:\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dalton:\u003c/strong> The cars that get better gas mileage cost less to operate over the lifetime of that car. People who have more fuel-efficient cars spend less on gas, so isn’t that also saving Americans money, if they have more efficient cars?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wheeler: \u003c/strong>If they actually buy the newer cars. As we’ve seen over the last 10 years, people aren’t buying the newer cars. Part of that is the Obama Administration looked at some faulty — we believe — looked at some faulty consumer profiling information as far as what people want to buy, what people are purchasing today. And right now electric cars make up about two percent of the sales. In order to completely comply with the Obama CAFE standards by 2025, you’d have to jumpstart the electric cars up to 30 percent. We just don’t – you know, the data we’ve seen about what the American public wants to buy, what they’re interested in buying, doesn’t match that.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">Wheeler’s interpretation of consumer behavior isn’t the only or dominant one. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1931169/governor-browns-biggest-climate-foe-isnt-trump-its-car-loving-californians\">Check out Lauren Sommer’s story\u003c/a> for a wide-ranging understanding of the obstacles to getting consumers to drive an electric vehicle home. She found that interest in electric cars is growing, but knowledge of them isn’t. And a key reason why is the absence of national advertising.(Let us know what you think! See reporter email below.)\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dalton:\u003c/strong> [Auto manufacturers] also have said that they don’t want to roll back the auto-emission standards. Ford has come out and said that. Other auto companies have said, “We want certainty. It’s not good for industry, for the federal government and California to fight it out in court,” and they don’t know who’s gonna win. So what about the voice of industry here, who’s saying, “Hey, we want some clarity,” which is what they always want?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wheeler:\u003c/strong> Well, industry came to us the beginning of this administration and said that they can’t meet the Obama standards going forward. And you know, right now, they’re not. If you look at the 2016 data, they paid $77,000,000 in penalties because they did not meet the 2016 Obama CAFE standard, and that amount is supposed to increase dramatically over the next 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">The source of Wheeler’s penalty number isn’t clear. For the years between 2010 and 2014, auto makers \u003ca href=\"https://one.nhtsa.gov/cafe_pic/CAFE_PIC_Fines_LIVE.html\">paid about $100 million\u003c/a> in CAFE penalties. Fiat Chrysler \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-02-07/fiat-chrysler-pays-77-million-for-missing-fuel-economy-target\">has paid\u003c/a> $77 million for the model year 2016 alone, after penalties rose to match inflation, but was the only automaker to fall short in 2016.Wheeler is mischaracterizing the industry’s perspective. Manufacturers may have asked for some regulatory relief in private, but in public they’re singing a different tune.“We support increasing clean car standards through 2025 and are not asking for a rollback,” \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/cityoftomorrow/a-measure-of-progress-bc34ad2b0ed\">wrote Bill Ford\u003c/a> about his company’s position, almost a year ago. Honda \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/30/climate/epa-auto-pollution-pruitt.html\">says\u003c/a> they’re not asking for a rollback. Mitch Bainwol, CEO for the industry’s lobbying umbrella, the Auto Alliance, \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20180928033730/https:/docs.house.gov/meetings/IF/IF18/20180508/108270/HHRG-115-IF18-Wstate-BainwolM-20180508.pdf\">told Congress\u003c/a> that meeting CAFE standards was challenging — but he didn’t say they can’t do it.\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003ch3>On a Carbon Tax\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dalton:\u003c/strong> There’s legislation in Congress now. Pricing carbon pollution is now on the table again; it hasn’t been that way in about ten years or so. There’s something called the Carbon Dividend Plan that was co-authored by James Baker, George Shultz and supported by one of your predecessors, Christine Todd Whitman; as well as Rob Walton, the scion of the of the Walmart family; Ben Bernanke; also corporations: ExxonMobil, Shell, BP, Excellon, AT&T. This is the corporate and political establishment. What do you think of that plan?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wheeler: …\u003c/strong>A carbon tax is one of the most regressive taxes you can put on the American public because lower income people, people on a fixed income, end up paying more of a percentage of their income. Well first of all, they paid more of a percentage of their income for energy today than people in upper brackets, so it really does hurt lower income people, people on a fixed budget. And it’s not just – I know they’re talking about paying dividends back to people, so they have a rebate for their gasoline, or a rebate for their home heating and air conditioning, but what about the dividends to make up for the increased price on goods from the small businesses, from the restaurants they go to? From the local McDonald’s, where they’re paying more for their electricity? So it’s a regressive form of taxation. It may be economically one of the easier ways of addressing CO2, but it’s really harmful to low-income people.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">Supporters of carbon taxes argue that this way of framing a discussion around the costs of climate change is misleading. An argument for a carbon tax is that we already pay one, through negative externalities, like the concentration of asthma-inducing smog, and increased vulnerabilities to heat. Those costs of climate change already affect the health and economic well-being of poor people disproportionately. A carbon tax would more accurately reflect the economic, social and health costs to these emissions.Economic studies show a carbon tax could be regressive, and to address that, economists propose methods to prevent pain in low- and middle-income tax brackets. Lump-sum rebates, targeted rebates, or cuts to existing regressive taxes could blunt the regressive effect, and acknowledge the costs that some Americans already pay more than others.\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003ch3>On Forest Management and Fire in California\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dalton:\u003c/strong>And what is the way — if you say climate change is an eight or a nine, I heard you talk about the clean energy plan — what are the other ways to tackle climate change? Because we’re seeing storms, fires and deaths in California. Storms are more severe, Houston, et cetera. It’s getting very expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wheeler:\u003c/strong>It is a global problem. It needs to be addressed globally…But also equally important is looking at adaptation, and making sure that when a natural disaster strikes, we rebuild to sustain a larger storm surge…As far as the California fires, and this is a topic that I got into in my confirmation, I believe the unofficial name is the Little Hoover Institute here in California, that drafted a report based upon the fires, and they blame the forest management practices of the last hundred years more than climate change. I think it’s important not to lose sight of that aspect because we really do need to have better forest management in order to stop the wild, destructive fires that we’ve seen in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">This is a mischaracterization of the Little Hoover Commission report, whose authors \u003ca href=\"https://lhc.ca.gov/sites/lhc.ca.gov/files/Reports/242/Report242.pdf\">wrote last May\u003c/a> that “[p]oor management policies that interrupted the natural and historical cycle of fire, combined now with a changing climate, have left forests vulnerable to disease, insects, catastrophic fire and drought.”According to the Congressional Research Service, the federal government owns about 46% of California’s total land, much of it forested. Federal and state forest managers and fire authorities have emphasized that they’re working together to shift away from managing only by suppressing fires. Public officials also have reiterated in the last year that climate change compounds the urgency of the problem.\n\u003cp>All of that work comes as President Trump has \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realdonaldtrump/status/1026587142989008897?lang=en\">blamed\u003c/a> California for \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1061554334276747264?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1061554334276747264&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeadline.com%2F2018%2F11%2Fdonald-trumps-latest-california-wildfires-twitter-do-over-first-responders-very-brave-1202500249%2F\">“poor”\u003c/a>” forest management, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1061168803218948096?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1061168803218948096&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2018%2F11%2F11%2Fpolitics%2Fcalifornia-wildfires-trump-tweets%2Findex.html\">threatening\u003c/a> on Twitter to \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1083022011574747137?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.buzzfeednews.com%2Farticle%2Fbriannasacks%2Ftrump-california-disaster-aid-order-no-record\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">take away\u003c/a> federal money. According to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/briannasacks/trump-california-disaster-aid-order-no-record\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recent Buzzfeed report\u003c/a>, FEMA says the President never did issue that order.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://climateone.org/people/greg-dalton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Greg Dalton\u003c/a> is the host and founder of Climate One, a \u003ca href=\"https://climateone.org/watch-and-listen/podcasts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">podcast\u003c/a> and radio show on \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500005/npr-news-now\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR Now\u003c/a> that engages high-level leaders from business, policy, advocacy and academic circles in a conversation about building a sustainable economy and stabilizing the Earth’s climate. Climate One is recorded with a live audience at \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Commonwealth Club\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Do you have thoughts about the story? \u003ca href=\"mailto:mpeterson@kqed.org\">Email Molly Peterson\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 2907,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 29
},
"modified": 1704848838,
"excerpt": "EPA Acting Administrator Andrew Wheeler spoke in San Francisco recently on fires, cars, and energy. We checked his claims ... it's complicated.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "EPA Acting Administrator Andrew Wheeler spoke in San Francisco recently on fires, cars, and energy. We checked his claims ... it's complicated.",
"title": "Here's Trump's EPA Pick Talking Climate Change. And Yes, We Fact-Checked Him | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Here's Trump's EPA Pick Talking Climate Change. And Yes, We Fact-Checked Him",
"datePublished": "2019-02-21T19:15:49-08:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-09T17:07:18-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "heres-trumps-epa-pick-talking-climate-change-and-yes-we-fact-checked-him",
"status": "publish",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Climate",
"path": "/science/1938303/heres-trumps-epa-pick-talking-climate-change-and-yes-we-fact-checked-him",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Trump Administration has ended negotiations with California over fuel-efficiency regulations, and that’s no surprise, given recent events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andrew Wheeler, acting administrator for the Environmental Protection Agency, appeared in San Francisco at the Bloomberg Mobility Conference in January. As KQED and other outlets reported at the time, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1933612/california-escalates-battle-with-trump-epa-over-clean-car-rules\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">relationship\u003c/a> between California and the EPA was already well and truly frosty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We thought it would be useful to look more closely at what Wheeler says on issues central to California. In a rare interview, he spoke to \u003ca href=\"https://climateone.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Climate One\u003c/a>’s \u003ca href=\"https://climateone.org/people/greg-dalton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Greg Dalton\u003c/a> in San Francisco, and KQED reporter Molly Peterson has annotated the following excerpts from the interview. The excerpts were chosen for their relevance to Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>On Power Plants\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greg Dalton:\u003c/strong> During your Senate confirmation testimony, you said that climate change is not the greatest risk facing humanity, but it’s somewhere around an eight or nine on a scale of 10. So what is the Trump Administration doing to address that eight or nine challenge for humanity?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Andrew Wheeler: \u003c/strong>Sure, we’re moving forward with our ACE proposal, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/stationary-sources-air-pollution/proposal-affordable-clean-energy-ace-rule\">Affordable Clean Energy [Rule]\u003c/a>, which will reduce CO2 from the electric power segment. We’re also moving forth our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927865/trump-epa-ready-to-throw-down-gauntlet-on-calif-auto-emissions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CAFE standard\u003c/a>, which will also reduce CO2. On the ACE proposal, it’s projected to get 33 to 34 percent reduction in CO2 from the electric power sector over the life of the regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dalton: \u003c/strong>Though, I think a \u003ca href=\"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aafe25\">Harvard study\u003c/a> that questioned whether that will really reduce CO2 compared to the Obama Clean Power Plan, which I think that’s trying to replace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wheeler: \u003c/strong>Well, you got to remember the Obama \u003ca href=\"https://www.eenews.net/interactive/clean_power_plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Clean Power Plan\u003c/a> never took effect. It was stayed by the Supreme Court because, in my opinion, it went outside the Clean Air Act. It’s really hard to compare apples and oranges when you have a regulation that was never implemented outside the jurisdiction of the agency and the outside of the authority of the Clean Air Act versus a proposed regulation that follows the law, follows the Supreme Court precedents, and will reduce CO2.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">Wheeler’s right about one thing: It’s hard to compare the Obama-era Clean Power Plan and the Affordable Clean Energy Rule, but not for the reasons he cites. The two plans are based on dramatically different assumptions, both about how fast carbon emissions are already dropping, and how low they’ll be in the future.Wheeler’s pledge that ACE will reduce carbon in the electric power sector by “33 to 34 percent” comes from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-08/documents/utilities_ria_proposed_ace_2018-08.pdf\">EPA’s analysis of its rule\u003c/a>. But reading the fine print in that analysis, it’s clear that almost all of those emissions will go away whether or not the ACE rule takes effect: less than 1 percent of emissions reductions will come directly from the Trump-era rule.\n\u003cp>And EPA’s own analysis offers evidence the ACE rule won’t be as effective as the Clean Power Plan. I scratched out a tons-to-tons comparison of the projected emissions and promised reductions in each proposal from data tables in the analysis, and it comes out like this: By 2030, emissions under the Affordable Clean Energy Rule may be 5 to 6 percent higher than under the Clean Power Plan. On top of that, loopholes in the ACE rule could increase carbon emissions in 19 states and the District of Columbia, \u003ca href=\"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aafe25\">according to researchers at Resources for the Future and Harvard.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003ch3>On How Far EPA’s Authority Goes\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dalton:\u003c/strong> Coal production — coal capacity — in the United States is down about a third from 2010. Banks, insurance companies, hedge funds are all moving away from coal, as you well know. Do you really think that that easing regulations on coal will help bring back an industry that’s in decline for lots of reasons?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wheeler: \u003c/strong>I think the important thing here is that we’re not tipping the scales. The Obama Administration tipped the scales away from coal. It’s not the job of the EPA — the authority of the EPA — to pick winners and losers between the different fuel sources. That would be either Department of Energy or FERC [Federal Energy Regulatory Commission], or even more likely, the state PUCs [Public Utility Commissions]. Our job is to set the regulations that govern the industry, and that’s what we’re doing, and we believe we have a responsible regulation that will reduce CO2 in the electrical power segment, following both the Clean Air Act and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.oyez.org/cases/2006/05-1120\">Massachusetts vs. EPA decision\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">As Wheeler himself points out, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.eenews.net/interactive/clean_power_plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Clean Power Plan\u003c/a>, the regulatory scheme that presented the greatest existential threat to coal-fired power plants, never took effect. What really tipped the scales against coal was the market itself: \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=38172\">more than half\u003c/a> of mines that were open a decade ago have closed, and the Energy Information Authority \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=37817\">reports\u003c/a> that U.S. coal consumption was the lowest last year in 39 years.Wheeler says it’s not the job of the EPA to pick winners and losers among fuel sources. That’s not entirely accurate. It \u003cu>is\u003c/u> the job of the EPA to regulate greenhouse gases. In 2014, an opinion by Justice Antonin Scalia in the case \u003ca href=\"https://apps.washingtonpost.com/g/page/politics/supreme-court-decision-limiting-epa-regulation-of-greenhouse-gas-emissions/1117/\">Utility Air Regulatory Group vs. EPA\u003c/a> found that greenhouse gas emissions don’t automatically trigger federal regulation. But the court also decided that the EPA could limit greenhouse gas as a “pollutant subject to regulation” for big power plants that were already regulated for other pollutants.\n\u003cp>So, in effect, regulation can tip the scale toward cleaner fuel sources, because it’s meant to limit pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003ch3>On Clean Car Standards\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dalton: \u003c/strong>[W]e’re here talking at a Bloomberg Conference on Mobility — a lot of talk about the California waiver, clean car standards. California and the federal government are kind of at a deadlock there. How’s that gonna play out? \u003cem>[Editor’s Note: This interview happened before the break in talks.]\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wheeler:\u003c/strong> Well, hopefully we can end up with something as a regulation that California likes and can agree with, but, you know, California’s only looking at it as one policy issue and that is energy efficiency. The Trump Administration, the federal government, we’re looking at more than just one policy issue, including highway safety, lives saved. Our proposal will save 1,000 lives per year as opposed — over and above the Obama proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dalton: \u003c/strong>Is that because of bigger cars? What’s the basis for that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wheeler:\u003c/strong> It’s older cars. Right now, people are keeping their cars longer because the high price of cars. The average lifespan for a car on the on the road, the average age of a car on the road, today is 12 years. It used to be eight years. People are holding onto their cars longer. When you buy a new car, you buy a more energy-efficient car, you buy a safer car, and what we’re trying to do with our CAFE proposal is bring down the cost of a new car, which would bring us down [by] around $2,300 per car on average. That will incentivize more people to buy newer, safer, more energy-efficient cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">This is a little confusing. Wheeler is relying on a major public analysis \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.dot.gov/files/documents/ld-cafe-co2-nhtsa-2127-al76-epa-pria-180823.pdf\">released\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.dot.gov/files/documents/ld-cafe-co2-nhtsa-2127-al76-epa-pria-180823.pdf\">jointly\u003c/a> by the EPA and the National Transportation Safety Highway Authority that \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-09/documents/caaac_presentation_on_safe_nprm_sept_26_2018_final.pdf\">essentially\u003c/a> argues that it saves lives for fuel-efficient cars to come onto the market more slowly than the current standards require.The Trump Administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.dot.gov/files/documents/ld-cafe-co2-nhtsa-2127-al76-epa-pria-180823.pdf\">analysis\u003c/a> found that EPA’s CAFE proposal would reduce expected road fatalities by 1,000 a year, if it takes effect, because it assumes that people driving energy-efficient cars would drive far more often, raising their risk for fatal accidents. For this and other reasons, scholars \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/02/climate/trump-fuel-economy.html\">on whose work the EPA relies \u003c/a> disagree, \u003ca href=\"http://environment.yale.edu/news/article/economist-on-the-flaws-large-and-small-in-trumps-fuel-economy-rollback/\">saying\u003c/a> that this analysis is “botching the equation” and “flies in the face of economic logic.”\n\u003cp>In fact, an internal EPA staff presentation sent to the Office of Management and Budget \u003ca href=\"http://www.4cleanair.org/sites/default/files/Documents/EPA_Staff_Memo_to_NHTSA_on_Draft_NPRM-61818.pdf\">concluded\u003c/a> that the agency’s proposal would actually increase road fatalities by 17 a year. EPA director of standards William Charmley wrote that the “proposed standards are detrimental to safety, rather than beneficial.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s the cost question. EPA does conclude that its CAFE standards would make cars, on average, $2,340 cheaper, which also helps justify its record-breaking auto sales projections. But economists and consumer advocates say \u003ca href=\"https://consumerfed.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/on-the-road-to-2025-cafe-standards.pdf\">the\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://consumerfed.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/on-the-road-to-2025-cafe-standards.pdf\">cost\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://consumerfed.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/on-the-road-to-2025-cafe-standards.pdf\">of\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://consumerfed.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/on-the-road-to-2025-cafe-standards.pdf\">fuel\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://energyathaas.wordpress.com/2018/09/08/rebounds-role-in-trumps-fuel-economy-rollback/\">depreciation\u003c/a> of the cheaper cars would offset that initial benefit, a point that Greg Dalton makes in his follow up question, below:\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dalton:\u003c/strong> The cars that get better gas mileage cost less to operate over the lifetime of that car. People who have more fuel-efficient cars spend less on gas, so isn’t that also saving Americans money, if they have more efficient cars?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wheeler: \u003c/strong>If they actually buy the newer cars. As we’ve seen over the last 10 years, people aren’t buying the newer cars. Part of that is the Obama Administration looked at some faulty — we believe — looked at some faulty consumer profiling information as far as what people want to buy, what people are purchasing today. And right now electric cars make up about two percent of the sales. In order to completely comply with the Obama CAFE standards by 2025, you’d have to jumpstart the electric cars up to 30 percent. We just don’t – you know, the data we’ve seen about what the American public wants to buy, what they’re interested in buying, doesn’t match that.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">Wheeler’s interpretation of consumer behavior isn’t the only or dominant one. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1931169/governor-browns-biggest-climate-foe-isnt-trump-its-car-loving-californians\">Check out Lauren Sommer’s story\u003c/a> for a wide-ranging understanding of the obstacles to getting consumers to drive an electric vehicle home. She found that interest in electric cars is growing, but knowledge of them isn’t. And a key reason why is the absence of national advertising.(Let us know what you think! See reporter email below.)\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dalton:\u003c/strong> [Auto manufacturers] also have said that they don’t want to roll back the auto-emission standards. Ford has come out and said that. Other auto companies have said, “We want certainty. It’s not good for industry, for the federal government and California to fight it out in court,” and they don’t know who’s gonna win. So what about the voice of industry here, who’s saying, “Hey, we want some clarity,” which is what they always want?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wheeler:\u003c/strong> Well, industry came to us the beginning of this administration and said that they can’t meet the Obama standards going forward. And you know, right now, they’re not. If you look at the 2016 data, they paid $77,000,000 in penalties because they did not meet the 2016 Obama CAFE standard, and that amount is supposed to increase dramatically over the next 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">The source of Wheeler’s penalty number isn’t clear. For the years between 2010 and 2014, auto makers \u003ca href=\"https://one.nhtsa.gov/cafe_pic/CAFE_PIC_Fines_LIVE.html\">paid about $100 million\u003c/a> in CAFE penalties. Fiat Chrysler \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-02-07/fiat-chrysler-pays-77-million-for-missing-fuel-economy-target\">has paid\u003c/a> $77 million for the model year 2016 alone, after penalties rose to match inflation, but was the only automaker to fall short in 2016.Wheeler is mischaracterizing the industry’s perspective. Manufacturers may have asked for some regulatory relief in private, but in public they’re singing a different tune.“We support increasing clean car standards through 2025 and are not asking for a rollback,” \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/cityoftomorrow/a-measure-of-progress-bc34ad2b0ed\">wrote Bill Ford\u003c/a> about his company’s position, almost a year ago. Honda \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/30/climate/epa-auto-pollution-pruitt.html\">says\u003c/a> they’re not asking for a rollback. Mitch Bainwol, CEO for the industry’s lobbying umbrella, the Auto Alliance, \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20180928033730/https:/docs.house.gov/meetings/IF/IF18/20180508/108270/HHRG-115-IF18-Wstate-BainwolM-20180508.pdf\">told Congress\u003c/a> that meeting CAFE standards was challenging — but he didn’t say they can’t do it.\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003ch3>On a Carbon Tax\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dalton:\u003c/strong> There’s legislation in Congress now. Pricing carbon pollution is now on the table again; it hasn’t been that way in about ten years or so. There’s something called the Carbon Dividend Plan that was co-authored by James Baker, George Shultz and supported by one of your predecessors, Christine Todd Whitman; as well as Rob Walton, the scion of the of the Walmart family; Ben Bernanke; also corporations: ExxonMobil, Shell, BP, Excellon, AT&T. This is the corporate and political establishment. What do you think of that plan?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wheeler: …\u003c/strong>A carbon tax is one of the most regressive taxes you can put on the American public because lower income people, people on a fixed income, end up paying more of a percentage of their income. Well first of all, they paid more of a percentage of their income for energy today than people in upper brackets, so it really does hurt lower income people, people on a fixed budget. And it’s not just – I know they’re talking about paying dividends back to people, so they have a rebate for their gasoline, or a rebate for their home heating and air conditioning, but what about the dividends to make up for the increased price on goods from the small businesses, from the restaurants they go to? From the local McDonald’s, where they’re paying more for their electricity? So it’s a regressive form of taxation. It may be economically one of the easier ways of addressing CO2, but it’s really harmful to low-income people.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">Supporters of carbon taxes argue that this way of framing a discussion around the costs of climate change is misleading. An argument for a carbon tax is that we already pay one, through negative externalities, like the concentration of asthma-inducing smog, and increased vulnerabilities to heat. Those costs of climate change already affect the health and economic well-being of poor people disproportionately. A carbon tax would more accurately reflect the economic, social and health costs to these emissions.Economic studies show a carbon tax could be regressive, and to address that, economists propose methods to prevent pain in low- and middle-income tax brackets. Lump-sum rebates, targeted rebates, or cuts to existing regressive taxes could blunt the regressive effect, and acknowledge the costs that some Americans already pay more than others.\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003ch3>On Forest Management and Fire in California\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dalton:\u003c/strong>And what is the way — if you say climate change is an eight or a nine, I heard you talk about the clean energy plan — what are the other ways to tackle climate change? Because we’re seeing storms, fires and deaths in California. Storms are more severe, Houston, et cetera. It’s getting very expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Wheeler:\u003c/strong>It is a global problem. It needs to be addressed globally…But also equally important is looking at adaptation, and making sure that when a natural disaster strikes, we rebuild to sustain a larger storm surge…As far as the California fires, and this is a topic that I got into in my confirmation, I believe the unofficial name is the Little Hoover Institute here in California, that drafted a report based upon the fires, and they blame the forest management practices of the last hundred years more than climate change. I think it’s important not to lose sight of that aspect because we really do need to have better forest management in order to stop the wild, destructive fires that we’ve seen in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">This is a mischaracterization of the Little Hoover Commission report, whose authors \u003ca href=\"https://lhc.ca.gov/sites/lhc.ca.gov/files/Reports/242/Report242.pdf\">wrote last May\u003c/a> that “[p]oor management policies that interrupted the natural and historical cycle of fire, combined now with a changing climate, have left forests vulnerable to disease, insects, catastrophic fire and drought.”According to the Congressional Research Service, the federal government owns about 46% of California’s total land, much of it forested. Federal and state forest managers and fire authorities have emphasized that they’re working together to shift away from managing only by suppressing fires. Public officials also have reiterated in the last year that climate change compounds the urgency of the problem.\n\u003cp>All of that work comes as President Trump has \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realdonaldtrump/status/1026587142989008897?lang=en\">blamed\u003c/a> California for \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1061554334276747264?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1061554334276747264&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeadline.com%2F2018%2F11%2Fdonald-trumps-latest-california-wildfires-twitter-do-over-first-responders-very-brave-1202500249%2F\">“poor”\u003c/a>” forest management, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1061168803218948096?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1061168803218948096&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2018%2F11%2F11%2Fpolitics%2Fcalifornia-wildfires-trump-tweets%2Findex.html\">threatening\u003c/a> on Twitter to \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1083022011574747137?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.buzzfeednews.com%2Farticle%2Fbriannasacks%2Ftrump-california-disaster-aid-order-no-record\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">take away\u003c/a> federal money. According to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/briannasacks/trump-california-disaster-aid-order-no-record\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recent Buzzfeed report\u003c/a>, FEMA says the President never did issue that order.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://climateone.org/people/greg-dalton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Greg Dalton\u003c/a> is the host and founder of Climate One, a \u003ca href=\"https://climateone.org/watch-and-listen/podcasts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">podcast\u003c/a> and radio show on \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500005/npr-news-now\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR Now\u003c/a> that engages high-level leaders from business, policy, advocacy and academic circles in a conversation about building a sustainable economy and stabilizing the Earth’s climate. Climate One is recorded with a live audience at \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Commonwealth Club\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Do you have thoughts about the story? \u003ca href=\"mailto:mpeterson@kqed.org\">Email Molly Peterson\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1938303/heres-trumps-epa-pick-talking-climate-change-and-yes-we-fact-checked-him",
"authors": [
"11223"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_40",
"science_3730"
],
"tags": [
"science_194",
"science_3832",
"science_3830"
],
"featImg": "science_1938332",
"label": "source_science_1938303"
},
"science_1938157": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1938157",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1938157",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1550667676000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1550667676,
"format": "image",
"title": "Before and After: See California's Monster Snow Year by Satellite",
"headTitle": "Before and After: See California’s Monster Snow Year by Satellite | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>A rolling conveyor belt of storms this winter has left the Sierra Nevada blanketed in a thick layer of snow. The year started modestly, with the snowpack measuring around 70 percent of average on the first of the year. A robust January and February has brought the snowpack up to around 145 percent of normal for this time of year. April 1 typically marks the peak of Sierra snowpack accumulation and the start of the spring runoff. Move the sliders below to view the terrain before and after snowstorms.\u003c/p>\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n\u003ctbody>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Sierra Nevada Mountains\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Feb. 8, 2018\u003cbr>\nAfter: Feb. 11, 2019\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=229ac4ec-34bd-11e9-9dba-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"1\">\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>South Lake Tahoe Flyover Simulation\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Feb. 16, 2018\u003cbr>\nAfter: Feb. 11, 2019\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=931d8b8c-34bd-11e9-9dba-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"1\">\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Lake Tahoe\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Feb. 16, 2018\u003cbr>\nAfter: Feb. 11, 2019\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=0ada4a8e-34be-11e9-9dba-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"1\">\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Mammoth Lakes\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Feb. 16, 2018\u003cbr>\nAfter: Feb. 11, 2019\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=7037f5ca-34be-11e9-9dba-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"1\">\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Kings Canyon National Park\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Feb. 16, 2018\u003cbr>\nAfter: Feb. 11, 2019\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=c319d0f6-34be-11e9-9dba-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003c/tbody>\n\u003c/table>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": true,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 147,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [
"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html"
],
"paragraphCount": 3
},
"modified": 1704848843,
"excerpt": "In the Sierra Nevada, 2019 is shaping up to be a bonanza for the snowpack.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "In the Sierra Nevada, 2019 is shaping up to be a bonanza for the snowpack.",
"title": "Before and After: See California's Monster Snow Year by Satellite | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Before and After: See California's Monster Snow Year by Satellite",
"datePublished": "2019-02-20T05:01:16-08:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-09T17:07:23-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "before-and-after-check-out-californias-monster-snow-year-by-satellite",
"status": "publish",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Snowpack",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/science/1938157/before-and-after-check-out-californias-monster-snow-year-by-satellite",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A rolling conveyor belt of storms this winter has left the Sierra Nevada blanketed in a thick layer of snow. The year started modestly, with the snowpack measuring around 70 percent of average on the first of the year. A robust January and February has brought the snowpack up to around 145 percent of normal for this time of year. April 1 typically marks the peak of Sierra snowpack accumulation and the start of the spring runoff. Move the sliders below to view the terrain before and after snowstorms.\u003c/p>\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n\u003ctbody>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Sierra Nevada Mountains\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Feb. 8, 2018\u003cbr>\nAfter: Feb. 11, 2019\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=229ac4ec-34bd-11e9-9dba-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"1\">\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>South Lake Tahoe Flyover Simulation\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Feb. 16, 2018\u003cbr>\nAfter: Feb. 11, 2019\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=931d8b8c-34bd-11e9-9dba-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"1\">\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Lake Tahoe\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Feb. 16, 2018\u003cbr>\nAfter: Feb. 11, 2019\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=0ada4a8e-34be-11e9-9dba-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"1\">\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Mammoth Lakes\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Feb. 16, 2018\u003cbr>\nAfter: Feb. 11, 2019\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=7037f5ca-34be-11e9-9dba-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"1\">\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Kings Canyon National Park\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Feb. 16, 2018\u003cbr>\nAfter: Feb. 11, 2019\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=c319d0f6-34be-11e9-9dba-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003c/tbody>\n\u003c/table>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1938157/before-and-after-check-out-californias-monster-snow-year-by-satellite",
"authors": [
"6387"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_40",
"science_98"
],
"tags": [
"science_3370",
"science_1462"
],
"featImg": "science_1938187",
"label": "source_science_1938157"
},
"science_1938127": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1938127",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1938127",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1550601676000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1550601676,
"format": "standard",
"title": "'Grandfather of Climate Science' Wallace Broecker Dies at 87",
"headTitle": "‘Grandfather of Climate Science’ Wallace Broecker Dies at 87 | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Wallace Broecker, a climate scientist who brought the term “global warming” into the public and scientific lexicon, died on Monday. He was 87.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Broecker, a professor in the department of earth and environmental science at Columbia, was among the early scientists who raised alarms about the drastic changes in the planet’s climate that humans could bring about over a relatively short period of time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His 1975 \u003ca href=\"http://science.sciencemag.org/content/189/4201/460\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">paper \u003c/a>“Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming?” predicted the current rise in global temperatures as a result of increased carbon dioxide levels — and popularized the term “global warming” to describe the phenomenon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The geoscientist was also known for recognizing the global “\u003ca href=\"https://press.princeton.edu/titles/9162.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">conveyor belt\u003c/a>,” a system of deep-ocean currents that circulate water between the continents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sean Solomon, director of Columbia’s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, where Broecker worked, called his late colleague a force for scientific innovation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is difficult to imagine … a Columbia University without [Broecker’s] intellectual vision, his gift for distilling the important from the merely interesting, and his sustained passion for his science, his colleagues, and his planet,” Solomon wrote in an email to colleagues that he shared with NPR. “One of the last of the giants of our field no longer walks among us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Broecker’s work focused on the \u003ca href=\"http://www.earth.columbia.edu/articles/view/2246\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ocean’s role in climate change\u003c/a> and the behavior of the climate throughout the planet’s history, as \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1998/03/17/science/scientist-at-work-wallace-s-broecker-iconoclastic-guru-of-the-climate-debate.html?smid=tw-share\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reported in 1998\u003c/a>. As early as the ’70s, Broecker spoke openly about the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/08/01/magazine/climate-change-losing-earth.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">need to restrict fossil fuels\u003c/a> and the disruptive effects that just a few degrees of warming could have on the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The climate system is an angry beast and we are poking it with sticks,” he told the \u003cem>Times\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He accumulated a long list of honors and awards, including a National Medal of Science, the Balzan Prize, the BBVA Frontiers of Knowledge Award and honorary doctorates from Harvard, Cambridge and Oxford, among other universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory\u003ca href=\"https://www.apnews.com/cdf38be8fc6d49cc8cd1baa4d0a919ea\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> told The Associated Press\u003c/a> that Broecker died in a New York hospital and that he had been ailing in recent months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Broecker was born in Chicago in 1931 and grew up in Oak Park, according to AP. He received his bachelor’s and master’s from Columbia University, as well as his doctorate in geology, which he earned in 1958. He joined the university’s faculty the next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a testament to his impact on the field, Broecker came to be known by his peers as the “grandfather of climate science” and “\u003ca href=\"https://www.college.columbia.edu/cct/archive/summer12/features4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dean of climate scientists\u003c/a>.” But to his many friends, he was just “Wally.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2019 \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 478,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 14
},
"modified": 1704848845,
"excerpt": "Broecker was an early advocate for reducing fossil fuels to avoid the disruptive effects of climate change and brought the term \"global warming\" into the mainstream.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Broecker was an early advocate for reducing fossil fuels to avoid the disruptive effects of climate change and brought the term "global warming" into the mainstream.",
"title": "'Grandfather of Climate Science' Wallace Broecker Dies at 87 | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "'Grandfather of Climate Science' Wallace Broecker Dies at 87",
"datePublished": "2019-02-19T10:41:16-08:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-09T17:07:25-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "grandfather-of-climate-science-wallace-broecker-dies-at-87",
"status": "publish",
"nprApiLink": "http://api.npr.org/query?id=695797869&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004",
"nprByline": "Francesca Paris\u003cbr/>NPR",
"nprStoryDate": "Mon, 18 Feb 2019 23:35:00 -0500",
"nprLastModifiedDate": "Tue, 19 Feb 2019 00:12:15 -0500",
"sticky": false,
"nprHtmlLink": "https://www.npr.org/2019/02/18/695797869/grandfather-of-climate-science-wallace-broecker-dies-at-87?ft=nprml&f=695797869",
"nprImageAgency": "AP",
"nprImageCredit": "Gregorio Borgia",
"source": "NPR",
"nprStoryId": "695797869",
"nprRetrievedStory": "1",
"nprPubDate": "Tue, 19 Feb 2019 00:12:00 -0500",
"path": "/science/1938127/grandfather-of-climate-science-wallace-broecker-dies-at-87",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Wallace Broecker, a climate scientist who brought the term “global warming” into the public and scientific lexicon, died on Monday. He was 87.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Broecker, a professor in the department of earth and environmental science at Columbia, was among the early scientists who raised alarms about the drastic changes in the planet’s climate that humans could bring about over a relatively short period of time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His 1975 \u003ca href=\"http://science.sciencemag.org/content/189/4201/460\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">paper \u003c/a>“Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming?” predicted the current rise in global temperatures as a result of increased carbon dioxide levels — and popularized the term “global warming” to describe the phenomenon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The geoscientist was also known for recognizing the global “\u003ca href=\"https://press.princeton.edu/titles/9162.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">conveyor belt\u003c/a>,” a system of deep-ocean currents that circulate water between the continents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sean Solomon, director of Columbia’s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, where Broecker worked, called his late colleague a force for scientific innovation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is difficult to imagine … a Columbia University without [Broecker’s] intellectual vision, his gift for distilling the important from the merely interesting, and his sustained passion for his science, his colleagues, and his planet,” Solomon wrote in an email to colleagues that he shared with NPR. “One of the last of the giants of our field no longer walks among us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Broecker’s work focused on the \u003ca href=\"http://www.earth.columbia.edu/articles/view/2246\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ocean’s role in climate change\u003c/a> and the behavior of the climate throughout the planet’s history, as \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1998/03/17/science/scientist-at-work-wallace-s-broecker-iconoclastic-guru-of-the-climate-debate.html?smid=tw-share\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reported in 1998\u003c/a>. As early as the ’70s, Broecker spoke openly about the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/08/01/magazine/climate-change-losing-earth.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">need to restrict fossil fuels\u003c/a> and the disruptive effects that just a few degrees of warming could have on the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The climate system is an angry beast and we are poking it with sticks,” he told the \u003cem>Times\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He accumulated a long list of honors and awards, including a National Medal of Science, the Balzan Prize, the BBVA Frontiers of Knowledge Award and honorary doctorates from Harvard, Cambridge and Oxford, among other universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory\u003ca href=\"https://www.apnews.com/cdf38be8fc6d49cc8cd1baa4d0a919ea\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> told The Associated Press\u003c/a> that Broecker died in a New York hospital and that he had been ailing in recent months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Broecker was born in Chicago in 1931 and grew up in Oak Park, according to AP. He received his bachelor’s and master’s from Columbia University, as well as his doctorate in geology, which he earned in 1958. He joined the university’s faculty the next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a testament to his impact on the field, Broecker came to be known by his peers as the “grandfather of climate science” and “\u003ca href=\"https://www.college.columbia.edu/cct/archive/summer12/features4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dean of climate scientists\u003c/a>.” But to his many friends, he was just “Wally.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2019 \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1938127/grandfather-of-climate-science-wallace-broecker-dies-at-87",
"authors": [
"byline_science_1938127"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_35",
"science_16",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_194",
"science_3253",
"science_3301",
"science_556",
"science_3838"
],
"featImg": "science_1938128",
"label": "source_science_1938127"
},
"science_1937918": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1937918",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1937918",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1549934401000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1549934401,
"format": "standard",
"title": "Drought's Over But the Dead Tree Toll in California Keeps Rising",
"headTitle": "Drought’s Over But the Dead Tree Toll in California Keeps Rising | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Federal officials report that 18 million more trees have died in California since the fall of 2017 – and that’s a bit of a relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s better news than \u003ca href=\"https://www.arcgis.com/apps/MapJournal/index.html?appid=3457736fb0dd45f98d41ab4030ebf048\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the previous few years\u003c/a>,” says Randy Moore, regional forester at the U.S. Forest Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wetter weather has slowly improved conditions for thirsty pines, firs and other conifers in the last two years. A previous mortality survey in 2017 found \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1918327/california-drought-kills-27-million-more-trees\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">27 million dead trees\u003c/a>. Before that, in 2016, federal scientists counted 62 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have evidence [at sites with] between 80 and 100 percent of ponderosa pines and mixed conifer — where every tree in there had died,” Moore says. “We’re starting to see a decline in that now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the latest aerial surveys boost the state’s tree-body count to at least 147 million, a staggering total since 2010, when a five-year drought set in, worsening infestations of bark beetles, and driven by climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bark beetles gained “a real big advantage” over weakened trees when the drought began nine years ago, according to Moore. “The bugs were beginning to eat at a higher level than they normally would, because with a change in climate, it’s warmer at a higher elevation,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even as precipitation remained below average, pulling out of drought has allowed forests to regain some leverage against hungry beetles. “When there’s moisture in the ground, the trees can make enough sap to squeeze the bugs out,” Moore says. “The trees are better able to defend itself against these kinds of bugs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Cal Fire director Thom Porter called 2018’s slower rate of mortality for trees “encouraging.” But, he added, continuing deaths “are an indication that the forests of California are still under significant stress.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The worst-hit forests are found along the west side of the central and southern Sierra Nevada range, though surveys show dead and dying trees across the state, especially at higher elevations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trees in poor health amplify fire risks, a concern after the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/12/674612113/rethinking-the-past-in-the-aftermath-of-california-s-deadly-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">deadliest wildfires\u003c/a> in California’s history. Even where fire is scarce, sickened trees can fall across roads and power lines unexpectedly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Established last May, a \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CATreeTaskForce?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Eembeddedtimeline%7Ctwterm%5Eprofile%3ACATreeTaskForce&ref_url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fire.ca.gov%2Ftreetaskforce%2F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Forest Management Task Force\u003c/a> comprised of more than two dozen federal, state, and local agencies has cleared trees and other forest debris along roads, near power lines, and around 165 communities in the wildland-urban interface, according to Moore. In the longer term, he says government land managers have committed to management strategies that thin forests, including by using \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927354/controlled-burns-can-help-solve-californias-fire-problem-so-why-arent-there-more-of-them\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">prescribed burns\u003c/a> across the landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Between the federal government and the state, we’ve decided that we need to treat a million acres in California a year, that’s what we’re working toward,” says Moore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reducing biomass and fire fuels in a forest is complex and expensive work, much of it funded by the State of California. In his first budget, Governor Gavin Newsom proposed spending $305 million on forest management, including $200 million from a 5-year, $1 billion program approved by lawmakers to support fire prevention efforts.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 548,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 15
},
"modified": 1704848853,
"excerpt": "The latest survey reveals an apparent slowdown in dying trees, but California's forests are still not out of the woods.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "The latest survey reveals an apparent slowdown in dying trees, but California's forests are still not out of the woods.",
"title": "Drought's Over But the Dead Tree Toll in California Keeps Rising | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Drought's Over But the Dead Tree Toll in California Keeps Rising",
"datePublished": "2019-02-11T17:20:01-08:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-09T17:07:33-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "droughts-over-but-the-dead-tree-toll-in-california-keeps-rising",
"status": "publish",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Weather",
"path": "/science/1937918/droughts-over-but-the-dead-tree-toll-in-california-keeps-rising",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Federal officials report that 18 million more trees have died in California since the fall of 2017 – and that’s a bit of a relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s better news than \u003ca href=\"https://www.arcgis.com/apps/MapJournal/index.html?appid=3457736fb0dd45f98d41ab4030ebf048\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the previous few years\u003c/a>,” says Randy Moore, regional forester at the U.S. Forest Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wetter weather has slowly improved conditions for thirsty pines, firs and other conifers in the last two years. A previous mortality survey in 2017 found \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1918327/california-drought-kills-27-million-more-trees\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">27 million dead trees\u003c/a>. Before that, in 2016, federal scientists counted 62 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have evidence [at sites with] between 80 and 100 percent of ponderosa pines and mixed conifer — where every tree in there had died,” Moore says. “We’re starting to see a decline in that now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the latest aerial surveys boost the state’s tree-body count to at least 147 million, a staggering total since 2010, when a five-year drought set in, worsening infestations of bark beetles, and driven by climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bark beetles gained “a real big advantage” over weakened trees when the drought began nine years ago, according to Moore. “The bugs were beginning to eat at a higher level than they normally would, because with a change in climate, it’s warmer at a higher elevation,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even as precipitation remained below average, pulling out of drought has allowed forests to regain some leverage against hungry beetles. “When there’s moisture in the ground, the trees can make enough sap to squeeze the bugs out,” Moore says. “The trees are better able to defend itself against these kinds of bugs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Cal Fire director Thom Porter called 2018’s slower rate of mortality for trees “encouraging.” But, he added, continuing deaths “are an indication that the forests of California are still under significant stress.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The worst-hit forests are found along the west side of the central and southern Sierra Nevada range, though surveys show dead and dying trees across the state, especially at higher elevations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trees in poor health amplify fire risks, a concern after the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/12/674612113/rethinking-the-past-in-the-aftermath-of-california-s-deadly-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">deadliest wildfires\u003c/a> in California’s history. Even where fire is scarce, sickened trees can fall across roads and power lines unexpectedly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Established last May, a \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CATreeTaskForce?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Eembeddedtimeline%7Ctwterm%5Eprofile%3ACATreeTaskForce&ref_url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fire.ca.gov%2Ftreetaskforce%2F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Forest Management Task Force\u003c/a> comprised of more than two dozen federal, state, and local agencies has cleared trees and other forest debris along roads, near power lines, and around 165 communities in the wildland-urban interface, according to Moore. In the longer term, he says government land managers have committed to management strategies that thin forests, including by using \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927354/controlled-burns-can-help-solve-californias-fire-problem-so-why-arent-there-more-of-them\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">prescribed burns\u003c/a> across the landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Between the federal government and the state, we’ve decided that we need to treat a million acres in California a year, that’s what we’re working toward,” says Moore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reducing biomass and fire fuels in a forest is complex and expensive work, much of it funded by the State of California. In his first budget, Governor Gavin Newsom proposed spending $305 million on forest management, including $200 million from a 5-year, $1 billion program approved by lawmakers to support fire prevention efforts.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1937918/droughts-over-but-the-dead-tree-toll-in-california-keeps-rising",
"authors": [
"11223"
],
"series": [
"science_1151"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_35",
"science_40",
"science_98",
"science_3730"
],
"tags": [
"science_194",
"science_3370",
"science_3833",
"science_3830"
],
"featImg": "science_1937926",
"label": "source_science_1937918"
},
"science_1937679": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1937679",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1937679",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1549386023000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1549386023,
"format": "standard",
"title": "West Coast Storms Get Some Respect With New Scale",
"headTitle": "West Coast Storms Get Some Respect With New Scale | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>The storms known as “atmospheric rivers” are make-or-break events for California’s water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Category-5 atmospheric river storms, designated as ‘primarily hazardous,’ come along every three to five years, says Marty Ralph of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>They can also be serious troublemakers, causing flooding and mudslides if they linger too long over the state. The recent National Climate Assessment included ARs as a type of extreme storm for the first time, and cites them as a specific risk associated with climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there hasn’t been a convenient way to classify these events according to their ferocity — until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A team of atmospheric scientists have come up with a scale similar to those used for hurricanes, \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/oun/efscale\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tornadoes\u003c/a>, and earthquakes. The new scale, proposed Tuesday in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, is similar to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutsshws.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">one used for hurricanes\u003c/a>: storms are classified as category 1 through 5, according to how much water they’re packing and how long they’re likely to stick around, wringing out that moisture as precipitation over land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1935067/rivers-in-the-sky-what-you-need-to-know-about-atmospheric-river-storms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">atmospheric rivers\u003c/a> are the most impactful storms for the West,” says Marty Ralph, who led the effort to develop the scale at \u003ca href=\"https://scripps.ucsd.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Scripps Institution of Oceanography\u003c/a> in San Diego. “In fact, something like 90 percent of the flood damages in the western U.S. come from atmospheric river-type storms. And we need to distinguish the hazardous ones from the beneficial ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s how the new scale stacks up, with examples provided by Scripps:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• \u003cstrong>AR Cat 1 (Weak):\u003c/strong> Primarily beneficial. For example, a Feb. 23, 2017 AR hit California, lasted 24 hours at the coast, and produced modest rainfall.\u003cbr>\n• \u003cstrong>AR Cat 2 (Moderate):\u003c/strong> Mostly beneficial, but also somewhat hazardous. An atmospheric river on Nov. 19-20, 2016 hit Northern California, lasted 42 hours at the coast, and produced several inches of rain that helped replenish low reservoirs after a drought.\u003cbr>\n• \u003cstrong>AR Cat 3 (Strong):\u003c/strong> Balance of beneficial and hazardous. An atmospheric river on Oct. 14-15, 2016 lasted 36 hours at the coast, produced 5-10 inches of rain that helped refill reservoirs after a drought, but also caused some rivers to rise to just below flood stage.\u003cbr>\n• \u003cstrong>AR Cat 4 (Extreme):\u003c/strong> Mostly hazardous, but also beneficial. For example, an atmospheric river on Jan. 8-9, 2017 that persisted for 36 hours produced up to 14 inches of rain in the Sierra Nevada and caused at least a dozen rivers to reach flood stage.\u003cbr>\n• \u003cstrong>AR Cat 5 (Exceptional):\u003c/strong> Primarily hazardous. For example, a Dec. 29, 1996 to Jan. 2, 1997 atmospheric river lasted over 100 hours at the Central California coast. The associated heavy precipitation and runoff caused more than $1 billion in damages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scale takes into account the amount of water vapor in the air and the strength of low-altitude winds. Storms are downgraded if they’re fast-moving and less likely to “stall,” dumping huge volumes of rain and snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ralph says that going by his new scale, Category-5 ARs come through every three to five years. The last one was during the drenching winter of 2017. It probably tipped the scale of runoff conditions that led to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11690563/new-cost-for-oroville-dam-spillway-disaster-1-1-billion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">catastrophic spillway collapse\u003c/a> at Oroville Dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked about official adoption of the AR scale, Ralph, who spent 21 years at the National Weather Service, says the concept is a murky one. He says some of his co-authors are government forecasters who say they’ll start using the scale, and a program is in the works to train broadcast meteorologists on it. But when — or whether — it will penetrate the popular lexicon to the extent that scales for hurricanes and tornadoes have is anyone’s guess.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 653,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 12
},
"modified": 1704848858,
"excerpt": "The storms known as 'atmospheric rivers' can be highly beneficial to California's water supply. They can also be deadly. A new scale helps sort them out -- but will it catch on?",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "The storms known as 'atmospheric rivers' can be highly beneficial to California's water supply. They can also be deadly. A new scale helps sort them out -- but will it catch on?",
"title": "West Coast Storms Get Some Respect With New Scale | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "West Coast Storms Get Some Respect With New Scale",
"datePublished": "2019-02-05T09:00:23-08:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-09T17:07:38-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "proposed-scale-for-atmospheric-river-storms-runs-from-beneficial-to-hazardous",
"status": "publish",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Climate",
"path": "/science/1937679/proposed-scale-for-atmospheric-river-storms-runs-from-beneficial-to-hazardous",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The storms known as “atmospheric rivers” are make-or-break events for California’s water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Category-5 atmospheric river storms, designated as ‘primarily hazardous,’ come along every three to five years, says Marty Ralph of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>They can also be serious troublemakers, causing flooding and mudslides if they linger too long over the state. The recent National Climate Assessment included ARs as a type of extreme storm for the first time, and cites them as a specific risk associated with climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there hasn’t been a convenient way to classify these events according to their ferocity — until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A team of atmospheric scientists have come up with a scale similar to those used for hurricanes, \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/oun/efscale\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tornadoes\u003c/a>, and earthquakes. The new scale, proposed Tuesday in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, is similar to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutsshws.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">one used for hurricanes\u003c/a>: storms are classified as category 1 through 5, according to how much water they’re packing and how long they’re likely to stick around, wringing out that moisture as precipitation over land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1935067/rivers-in-the-sky-what-you-need-to-know-about-atmospheric-river-storms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">atmospheric rivers\u003c/a> are the most impactful storms for the West,” says Marty Ralph, who led the effort to develop the scale at \u003ca href=\"https://scripps.ucsd.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Scripps Institution of Oceanography\u003c/a> in San Diego. “In fact, something like 90 percent of the flood damages in the western U.S. come from atmospheric river-type storms. And we need to distinguish the hazardous ones from the beneficial ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s how the new scale stacks up, with examples provided by Scripps:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• \u003cstrong>AR Cat 1 (Weak):\u003c/strong> Primarily beneficial. For example, a Feb. 23, 2017 AR hit California, lasted 24 hours at the coast, and produced modest rainfall.\u003cbr>\n• \u003cstrong>AR Cat 2 (Moderate):\u003c/strong> Mostly beneficial, but also somewhat hazardous. An atmospheric river on Nov. 19-20, 2016 hit Northern California, lasted 42 hours at the coast, and produced several inches of rain that helped replenish low reservoirs after a drought.\u003cbr>\n• \u003cstrong>AR Cat 3 (Strong):\u003c/strong> Balance of beneficial and hazardous. An atmospheric river on Oct. 14-15, 2016 lasted 36 hours at the coast, produced 5-10 inches of rain that helped refill reservoirs after a drought, but also caused some rivers to rise to just below flood stage.\u003cbr>\n• \u003cstrong>AR Cat 4 (Extreme):\u003c/strong> Mostly hazardous, but also beneficial. For example, an atmospheric river on Jan. 8-9, 2017 that persisted for 36 hours produced up to 14 inches of rain in the Sierra Nevada and caused at least a dozen rivers to reach flood stage.\u003cbr>\n• \u003cstrong>AR Cat 5 (Exceptional):\u003c/strong> Primarily hazardous. For example, a Dec. 29, 1996 to Jan. 2, 1997 atmospheric river lasted over 100 hours at the Central California coast. The associated heavy precipitation and runoff caused more than $1 billion in damages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scale takes into account the amount of water vapor in the air and the strength of low-altitude winds. Storms are downgraded if they’re fast-moving and less likely to “stall,” dumping huge volumes of rain and snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ralph says that going by his new scale, Category-5 ARs come through every three to five years. The last one was during the drenching winter of 2017. It probably tipped the scale of runoff conditions that led to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11690563/new-cost-for-oroville-dam-spillway-disaster-1-1-billion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">catastrophic spillway collapse\u003c/a> at Oroville Dam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked about official adoption of the AR scale, Ralph, who spent 21 years at the National Weather Service, says the concept is a murky one. He says some of his co-authors are government forecasters who say they’ll start using the scale, and a program is in the works to train broadcast meteorologists on it. But when — or whether — it will penetrate the popular lexicon to the extent that scales for hurricanes and tornadoes have is anyone’s guess.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1937679/proposed-scale-for-atmospheric-river-storms-runs-from-beneficial-to-hazardous",
"authors": [
"221"
],
"series": [
"science_1151"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_40",
"science_98"
],
"tags": [
"science_3840",
"science_3370",
"science_1004",
"science_3830"
],
"featImg": "science_1937688",
"label": "source_science_1937679"
},
"science_1937521": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1937521",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1937521",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1549267309000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1549267309,
"format": "image",
"title": "Scientist Sees Even Conservatives Now Worried Over Climate Change",
"headTitle": "Scientist Sees Even Conservatives Now Worried Over Climate Change | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Over the weekend, the Midwest and eastern U.S. were finally released from the grip of an icy air mass known as the “Polar Vortex.” Tens of millions of Americans experienced life-threatening cold that set record lows across the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump, not for the first time, seized on the obvious optics to minimize the threat of global warming.”In the beautiful Midwest, windchill temperatures are reaching minus 60 degrees, the coldest ever recorded,” he \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1090074254010404864?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1090074254010404864&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kqed.org%2Fscience%2F1937521%2F1937521-revision-v1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tweeted\u003c/a>. “What the hell is going on with Global Waming? Please come back fast, we need you!”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I’m getting calls from organizations that I never would have heard from 10 years ago: farmers and producers, ranchers, land managers, oil and gas companies, water managers, they’re calling me in and they’re saying, “We know there’s something going on. We want to have a conversation.”\u003ccite>Katherine Hayhoe,Texas Tech University\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Trump wasn’t alone, at least in terms of ignoring the science behind the \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/safety/cold-polar-vortex\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Polar Vortex \u003c/a>during the three days the phenomenon was the talk of the nation. A guy on The Weather Channel shattered a frozen cup of coffee using a banana; reporters from major networks stood outdoors bundled up like characters from South Park, spewing statistics and explanations of wind chill. But as to the whys and hows of what was happening, there wasn’t much. NBC News did post a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/video/how-the-polar-vortex-is-linked-to-climate-change-1435590211872\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">helpful video explainer\u003c/a>, but some TV news organizations, in particular, really \u003ca href=\"https://www.esquire.com/news-politics/a26111552/fox-and-friends-polar-vortex-climate-change-global-warming/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">did not distinguish themselves\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lost in the TV coverage was the fact that there’s good evidence warming in the Arctic is what’s disrupting the circular winds that normally keep the vortex at the pole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://katharinehayhoe.com/wp2016/biography/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Katharine Hayhoe\u003c/a> is a climate modeler at Texas Tech University. She was in San Francisco recently to receive the Commonwealth Club’s annual \u003ca href=\"https://climateone.org/events/eighth-annual-stephen-h-schneider-award-outstanding-climate-science-communication\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Schneider Award\u003c/a> for climate science communications. I asked her — it was before the polar vortex hit — about this apparent disconnect in the media and elsewhere. Here’s part of our conversation, edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Here you are being given this award for climate science communications, but don’t you feel sometimes like \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@chhavikumar/takeaways-from-the-story-of-sisyphus-and-the-rock-81721c6e499\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sisyphus\u003c/a> rolling a rock up a really steep hill?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oh, I absolutely do. I feel that way pretty much all the time \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KHayhoe/status/1090610360044974082/photo/1?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1090610360044974082&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kqed.org%2Fscience%2F1937521%2F1937521-autosave-v1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">on social media.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1937594\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/20-sm.Credit.Chris_.Soldt_.BostonCollege.MTS_.Photography.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1937594\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/20-sm.Credit.Chris_.Soldt_.BostonCollege.MTS_.Photography.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: Katharine Hayhoe\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1286\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/20-sm.Credit.Chris_.Soldt_.BostonCollege.MTS_.Photography.jpg 1500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/20-sm.Credit.Chris_.Soldt_.BostonCollege.MTS_.Photography-160x137.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/20-sm.Credit.Chris_.Soldt_.BostonCollege.MTS_.Photography-800x686.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/20-sm.Credit.Chris_.Soldt_.BostonCollege.MTS_.Photography-768x658.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/20-sm.Credit.Chris_.Soldt_.BostonCollege.MTS_.Photography-1020x874.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/20-sm.Credit.Chris_.Soldt_.BostonCollege.MTS_.Photography-1200x1029.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hayhoe says advances in attributional science could help make the connection between extreme weather events and climate change. \u003ccite>(Chris Soldt/Boston College/MTS Photography)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ironically, one of the most important lessons I’ve learned is that when we’re talking about climate, science is one of the least important things to bring up, because most of the smoke screens that people throw up sound sciencey. They say, but it’s cold, or it’s just a natural cycle, or the world’s been warmer before. But within 30 seconds or within a couple of tweets on Twitter, the conversation will take a 90-degree turn into, “I don’t want the government destroying the economy. They’re going to set my thermostat. What about China?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So really, it’s all about solution aversion. We’ve been told that these solutions pose an imminent threat to our well-being, our way of life, our identity and our ideology. And at the same time, we also believe that the impacts pose a very distant threat. That’s why it’s so interesting that the \u003ca href=\"http://climatecommunication.yale.edu/publications/climate-change-in-the-american-mind-december-2018/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">latest poll\u003c/a> from the Yale Program on Climate Communication that came out recently, and they found the highest levels ever of people in the United States who are concerned about a changing climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>But do you see this on the ground? You’re in Texas, for example. Did Hurricane Harvey create a mass conversion of conservative Texans to acceptance of climate science?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t like using the word conversion because it reinforces the myth that people have gone to a great extent to promote that caring about climate change is a religion, that you’re worshiping the earth. Then for the 85 percent of people in the U.S. who already have a religion that they like, you’re automatically setting up a conflict between their core beliefs and the idea that climate is changing due to human activities. So what I like to do is assume that most people actually have the values that they need to care; they just haven’t connected the dots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you rephrase the question, “Are people connecting the dots now?”, my answer to that is yes. Now, in very conservative Texas a lot of people aren’t willing to go so far as to say it’s humans yet. But over 70 percent in Texas are willing to say, “Something is different. Climate is changing.” So today, I’m getting calls from organizations that I never would have heard from 10 years ago: farmers and producers, ranchers, land managers, oil and gas companies, water managers, they’re calling me in and they’re saying, “We know there’s something going on. We want to have a conversation,” and I think that’s actually a very positive thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1924974/its-not-about-the-facts-the-irrational-fight-over-climate-change-explained-in-one-cartoon\">The Irrational Fight Over Climate Change Explained in One Cartoon\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It sounds like you think we’re nearing some kind of inflection point, where more people will start connecting those dots. Why is that?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think part of that is the fact that the chickens are coming home to roost. We, today, can point to specific ways that climate change is affecting us in the places we live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I served as a lead author for the \u003ca href=\"https://nca2018.globalchange.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. National Climate Assessment\u003c/a>, and this is a really important document because it brings climate change down to the local level where we live. In that assessment, there were examples from across the entire country of ways that real people are already being affected today. Small towns along the East Coast where the risk of sunny-day flooding has increased by a factor of 30 already. And of course, the wildfires here in the western United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But today, we’ve gotten to the point where — not quite in real time, but we’re getting there — you can actually calculate how much stronger an event was because of climate change. You can calculate how much more probable it was. We’re starting to be able to connect the dots, and many broadcast meteorologists are starting to be given the tools that they need, because, frankly, you need tools to be able to make these connections. We’re starting to be able to tell you how much worse it is because of a changing climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1165,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 18
},
"modified": 1704848860,
"excerpt": "Texas Tech climate modeler Katharine Hayhoe says people can now see 'the chickens coming home to roost' when it comes to climate change and extreme weather events.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Texas Tech climate modeler Katharine Hayhoe says people can now see 'the chickens coming home to roost' when it comes to climate change and extreme weather events.",
"title": "Scientist Sees Even Conservatives Now Worried Over Climate Change | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Scientist Sees Even Conservatives Now Worried Over Climate Change",
"datePublished": "2019-02-04T00:01:49-08:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-09T17:07:40-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "scientist-sees-even-conservatives-now-linking-climate-change-extreme-weather",
"status": "publish",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Climate",
"path": "/science/1937521/scientist-sees-even-conservatives-now-linking-climate-change-extreme-weather",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Over the weekend, the Midwest and eastern U.S. were finally released from the grip of an icy air mass known as the “Polar Vortex.” Tens of millions of Americans experienced life-threatening cold that set record lows across the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump, not for the first time, seized on the obvious optics to minimize the threat of global warming.”In the beautiful Midwest, windchill temperatures are reaching minus 60 degrees, the coldest ever recorded,” he \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1090074254010404864?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1090074254010404864&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kqed.org%2Fscience%2F1937521%2F1937521-revision-v1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tweeted\u003c/a>. “What the hell is going on with Global Waming? Please come back fast, we need you!”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I’m getting calls from organizations that I never would have heard from 10 years ago: farmers and producers, ranchers, land managers, oil and gas companies, water managers, they’re calling me in and they’re saying, “We know there’s something going on. We want to have a conversation.”\u003ccite>Katherine Hayhoe,Texas Tech University\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Trump wasn’t alone, at least in terms of ignoring the science behind the \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/safety/cold-polar-vortex\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Polar Vortex \u003c/a>during the three days the phenomenon was the talk of the nation. A guy on The Weather Channel shattered a frozen cup of coffee using a banana; reporters from major networks stood outdoors bundled up like characters from South Park, spewing statistics and explanations of wind chill. But as to the whys and hows of what was happening, there wasn’t much. NBC News did post a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/video/how-the-polar-vortex-is-linked-to-climate-change-1435590211872\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">helpful video explainer\u003c/a>, but some TV news organizations, in particular, really \u003ca href=\"https://www.esquire.com/news-politics/a26111552/fox-and-friends-polar-vortex-climate-change-global-warming/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">did not distinguish themselves\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lost in the TV coverage was the fact that there’s good evidence warming in the Arctic is what’s disrupting the circular winds that normally keep the vortex at the pole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://katharinehayhoe.com/wp2016/biography/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Katharine Hayhoe\u003c/a> is a climate modeler at Texas Tech University. She was in San Francisco recently to receive the Commonwealth Club’s annual \u003ca href=\"https://climateone.org/events/eighth-annual-stephen-h-schneider-award-outstanding-climate-science-communication\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Schneider Award\u003c/a> for climate science communications. I asked her — it was before the polar vortex hit — about this apparent disconnect in the media and elsewhere. Here’s part of our conversation, edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Here you are being given this award for climate science communications, but don’t you feel sometimes like \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@chhavikumar/takeaways-from-the-story-of-sisyphus-and-the-rock-81721c6e499\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sisyphus\u003c/a> rolling a rock up a really steep hill?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oh, I absolutely do. I feel that way pretty much all the time \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KHayhoe/status/1090610360044974082/photo/1?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1090610360044974082&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kqed.org%2Fscience%2F1937521%2F1937521-autosave-v1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">on social media.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1937594\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/20-sm.Credit.Chris_.Soldt_.BostonCollege.MTS_.Photography.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1937594\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/20-sm.Credit.Chris_.Soldt_.BostonCollege.MTS_.Photography.jpg\" alt=\"Photo: Katharine Hayhoe\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1286\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/20-sm.Credit.Chris_.Soldt_.BostonCollege.MTS_.Photography.jpg 1500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/20-sm.Credit.Chris_.Soldt_.BostonCollege.MTS_.Photography-160x137.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/20-sm.Credit.Chris_.Soldt_.BostonCollege.MTS_.Photography-800x686.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/20-sm.Credit.Chris_.Soldt_.BostonCollege.MTS_.Photography-768x658.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/20-sm.Credit.Chris_.Soldt_.BostonCollege.MTS_.Photography-1020x874.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/02/20-sm.Credit.Chris_.Soldt_.BostonCollege.MTS_.Photography-1200x1029.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hayhoe says advances in attributional science could help make the connection between extreme weather events and climate change. \u003ccite>(Chris Soldt/Boston College/MTS Photography)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ironically, one of the most important lessons I’ve learned is that when we’re talking about climate, science is one of the least important things to bring up, because most of the smoke screens that people throw up sound sciencey. They say, but it’s cold, or it’s just a natural cycle, or the world’s been warmer before. But within 30 seconds or within a couple of tweets on Twitter, the conversation will take a 90-degree turn into, “I don’t want the government destroying the economy. They’re going to set my thermostat. What about China?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So really, it’s all about solution aversion. We’ve been told that these solutions pose an imminent threat to our well-being, our way of life, our identity and our ideology. And at the same time, we also believe that the impacts pose a very distant threat. That’s why it’s so interesting that the \u003ca href=\"http://climatecommunication.yale.edu/publications/climate-change-in-the-american-mind-december-2018/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">latest poll\u003c/a> from the Yale Program on Climate Communication that came out recently, and they found the highest levels ever of people in the United States who are concerned about a changing climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>But do you see this on the ground? You’re in Texas, for example. Did Hurricane Harvey create a mass conversion of conservative Texans to acceptance of climate science?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t like using the word conversion because it reinforces the myth that people have gone to a great extent to promote that caring about climate change is a religion, that you’re worshiping the earth. Then for the 85 percent of people in the U.S. who already have a religion that they like, you’re automatically setting up a conflict between their core beliefs and the idea that climate is changing due to human activities. So what I like to do is assume that most people actually have the values that they need to care; they just haven’t connected the dots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you rephrase the question, “Are people connecting the dots now?”, my answer to that is yes. Now, in very conservative Texas a lot of people aren’t willing to go so far as to say it’s humans yet. But over 70 percent in Texas are willing to say, “Something is different. Climate is changing.” So today, I’m getting calls from organizations that I never would have heard from 10 years ago: farmers and producers, ranchers, land managers, oil and gas companies, water managers, they’re calling me in and they’re saying, “We know there’s something going on. We want to have a conversation,” and I think that’s actually a very positive thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1924974/its-not-about-the-facts-the-irrational-fight-over-climate-change-explained-in-one-cartoon\">The Irrational Fight Over Climate Change Explained in One Cartoon\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It sounds like you think we’re nearing some kind of inflection point, where more people will start connecting those dots. Why is that?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think part of that is the fact that the chickens are coming home to roost. We, today, can point to specific ways that climate change is affecting us in the places we live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I served as a lead author for the \u003ca href=\"https://nca2018.globalchange.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. National Climate Assessment\u003c/a>, and this is a really important document because it brings climate change down to the local level where we live. In that assessment, there were examples from across the entire country of ways that real people are already being affected today. Small towns along the East Coast where the risk of sunny-day flooding has increased by a factor of 30 already. And of course, the wildfires here in the western United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But today, we’ve gotten to the point where — not quite in real time, but we’re getting there — you can actually calculate how much stronger an event was because of climate change. You can calculate how much more probable it was. We’re starting to be able to connect the dots, and many broadcast meteorologists are starting to be given the tools that they need, because, frankly, you need tools to be able to make these connections. We’re starting to be able to tell you how much worse it is because of a changing climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1937521/scientist-sees-even-conservatives-now-linking-climate-change-extreme-weather",
"authors": [
"221"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_3841",
"science_194",
"science_3370",
"science_3830"
],
"featImg": "science_1937597",
"label": "source_science_1937521"
},
"science_1937477": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1937477",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1937477",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1549056603000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1549056603,
"format": "image",
"title": "Changing Winds Could Shift Southern California Fire Season",
"headTitle": "Changing Winds Could Shift Southern California Fire Season | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>In popular culture, Southern California’s Santa Ana winds have been portrayed as \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Ana_winds_in_popular_culture\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">harbingers\u003c/a> of chaos, strange behavior and most notably, fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’re changing, with potential big implications for the SoCal fire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I think that these changes together mean a later wildfire season in Southern California’s future.’\u003ccite>Alexander Gershunov, Scripps Institution\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>These intense, dry gusts, sometimes referred to as “devil winds,” can lead to coastal heat waves, downed trees and the spread of the region’s most destructive wildfires. Santa Ana wind conditions played a role in the massive \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2017/12/05/us/ventura-county-fire-california/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Thomas Fire\u003c/a> that broke out in December 2017, scorching more than 280,000 acres across Ventura and Santa Barbara counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Anas also contribute to Southern California’s characteristic sunshine and year-round warmth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2018GL080261\">new study\u003c/a> out this week suggests that rising temperatures as a result of climate change could have a big impact on the timing of Santa Ana wind season, compressing more of it into December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Diminishing Winds\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The results of the study, published this week in Geophysical Research Letters, project that Santa Ana wind frequency could drop \u003ca href=\"https://scripps.ucsd.edu/news/climate-change-may-suppress-santa-ana-winds-particularly-fall?hash=GKVME8bwLdEz_8vul3N4bH3gz7MROXNUxH6VRrk2Tm8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nearly 20 percent\u003c/a> by the end of this century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We found that, in general, Santa Ana winds are likely to diminish with warming,” says Alexander Gershunov, a researcher at Scripps Institution of Oceanography in San Diego and the study’s co-author.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study’s forecast was drawn from eight global climate models adjusted to detect more localized weather characteristics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The predicted decrease in Santa Ana wind activity is expected to be most pronounced in the “shoulder” seasons, with big declines in October and May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Really it’s that Santa Ana winds are expected to diminish in the fall and spring,” Gershunov says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peak wind activity will likely occur in December, which is typical historically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the paper, Gershunov and co-author Janin Guzman‐Morales suggest that changes in the timing of Santa Ana winds could alter Southern California’s wildfire outlook. But just how this will affect fire season is “much more nuanced,” according to Gershunov.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Santa Ana winds do drive the most catastrophic wildfires in Southern California,” Gershunov says. “But they’re not the only ingredient.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, don’t expect the shorter windy season to mean less wildfire risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dry fuel” from vegetation is another key factor in the spread of wildfires. According to Gershunov, trends for rising temperatures and changing precipitation patterns mean that the prevalence of fire’s natural fuel could persist into winter, when the winds are at their most frequent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that these changes together mean a later wildfire season in Southern California’s future,” Gershunov says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The worst of California’s fire season typically peaks in the fall months. But the Thomas Fire was exacerbated by a warm, dry fall combined with a series of Santa Ana wind events starting in December 2017. Gershunov says the likelihood of similar fire conditions could increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t say anything with any confidence at this point, whether the fire season will intensify or decrease on average in the future,” he says. “But this later fire season does suggest that future fires may burn longer, because as the wildfire season shifts to December, which is the peak of Santa Ana wind activity, we’re more likely to get back-to-back Santa Ana winds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So events like the Thomas Fire, which burned for three weeks fanned by a couple of back-to-back Santa Ana wind events, will be more likely in the future than they were in the past.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mimi Hughes largely agrees. She researches climate at the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences at the University of Colorado, Boulder. Hughes has modeled how climate affects the \u003ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10584-011-0300-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Santa Ana winds\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cold Air and Hot Wind\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winds are powered by the sharp pressure difference or “gradient” between the Great Basin — a vast interior region spanning parts of Nevada, Utah and Oregon — and the Pacific Ocean off the Southern California coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while the Santa Ana winds feel hot, that pressure gradient depends on the presence of high-density cold air masses over the Great Basin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These [winds] actually happen when it’s cold in the desert interior, which is kind of counterintuitive,” Hughes says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you have less cold air in the desert, then that actually means that you get fewer of these pressure gradients that can set up the conditions that are ripe for Santa Ana winds,” Hughes says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Hughes, the Scripps study implies “an increased likelihood of fire later in the season.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And like Gershunov, she says that to understand the bigger picture of what this spells for Southern California wildfires, other factors must be taken into account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In particular, she says the dry and wet extremes in the region are projected to increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So if you had a very, very dry winter, and then compound that with the fact that the Santa Ana season is a bit later,” Hughes explains, “Then you could really see this being potential for devastatingly large fires.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 901,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 32
},
"modified": 1704848861,
"excerpt": "A new study suggests that rising temperatures could have a big impact on the Santa Ana wind season, which in turn could shift the worst of fire season to later in the year. ",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "A new study suggests that rising temperatures could have a big impact on the Santa Ana wind season, which in turn could shift the worst of fire season to later in the year. ",
"title": "Changing Winds Could Shift Southern California Fire Season | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Changing Winds Could Shift Southern California Fire Season",
"datePublished": "2019-02-01T13:30:03-08:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-09T17:07:41-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "changing-winds-could-shift-southern-california-fire-season",
"status": "publish",
"templateType": "standard",
"audioUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2019/02/VentonSantaAnaWinds.mp3",
"featuredImageType": "standard",
"sticky": false,
"audioTrackLength": 86,
"source": "Wildfires",
"path": "/science/1937477/changing-winds-could-shift-southern-california-fire-season",
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In popular culture, Southern California’s Santa Ana winds have been portrayed as \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Ana_winds_in_popular_culture\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">harbingers\u003c/a> of chaos, strange behavior and most notably, fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’re changing, with potential big implications for the SoCal fire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I think that these changes together mean a later wildfire season in Southern California’s future.’\u003ccite>Alexander Gershunov, Scripps Institution\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>These intense, dry gusts, sometimes referred to as “devil winds,” can lead to coastal heat waves, downed trees and the spread of the region’s most destructive wildfires. Santa Ana wind conditions played a role in the massive \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2017/12/05/us/ventura-county-fire-california/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Thomas Fire\u003c/a> that broke out in December 2017, scorching more than 280,000 acres across Ventura and Santa Barbara counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Anas also contribute to Southern California’s characteristic sunshine and year-round warmth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a \u003ca href=\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2018GL080261\">new study\u003c/a> out this week suggests that rising temperatures as a result of climate change could have a big impact on the timing of Santa Ana wind season, compressing more of it into December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Diminishing Winds\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The results of the study, published this week in Geophysical Research Letters, project that Santa Ana wind frequency could drop \u003ca href=\"https://scripps.ucsd.edu/news/climate-change-may-suppress-santa-ana-winds-particularly-fall?hash=GKVME8bwLdEz_8vul3N4bH3gz7MROXNUxH6VRrk2Tm8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nearly 20 percent\u003c/a> by the end of this century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We found that, in general, Santa Ana winds are likely to diminish with warming,” says Alexander Gershunov, a researcher at Scripps Institution of Oceanography in San Diego and the study’s co-author.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study’s forecast was drawn from eight global climate models adjusted to detect more localized weather characteristics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The predicted decrease in Santa Ana wind activity is expected to be most pronounced in the “shoulder” seasons, with big declines in October and May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Really it’s that Santa Ana winds are expected to diminish in the fall and spring,” Gershunov says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peak wind activity will likely occur in December, which is typical historically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the paper, Gershunov and co-author Janin Guzman‐Morales suggest that changes in the timing of Santa Ana winds could alter Southern California’s wildfire outlook. But just how this will affect fire season is “much more nuanced,” according to Gershunov.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Santa Ana winds do drive the most catastrophic wildfires in Southern California,” Gershunov says. “But they’re not the only ingredient.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, don’t expect the shorter windy season to mean less wildfire risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dry fuel” from vegetation is another key factor in the spread of wildfires. According to Gershunov, trends for rising temperatures and changing precipitation patterns mean that the prevalence of fire’s natural fuel could persist into winter, when the winds are at their most frequent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that these changes together mean a later wildfire season in Southern California’s future,” Gershunov says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The worst of California’s fire season typically peaks in the fall months. But the Thomas Fire was exacerbated by a warm, dry fall combined with a series of Santa Ana wind events starting in December 2017. Gershunov says the likelihood of similar fire conditions could increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t say anything with any confidence at this point, whether the fire season will intensify or decrease on average in the future,” he says. “But this later fire season does suggest that future fires may burn longer, because as the wildfire season shifts to December, which is the peak of Santa Ana wind activity, we’re more likely to get back-to-back Santa Ana winds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So events like the Thomas Fire, which burned for three weeks fanned by a couple of back-to-back Santa Ana wind events, will be more likely in the future than they were in the past.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mimi Hughes largely agrees. She researches climate at the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences at the University of Colorado, Boulder. Hughes has modeled how climate affects the \u003ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10584-011-0300-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Santa Ana winds\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cold Air and Hot Wind\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winds are powered by the sharp pressure difference or “gradient” between the Great Basin — a vast interior region spanning parts of Nevada, Utah and Oregon — and the Pacific Ocean off the Southern California coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while the Santa Ana winds feel hot, that pressure gradient depends on the presence of high-density cold air masses over the Great Basin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These [winds] actually happen when it’s cold in the desert interior, which is kind of counterintuitive,” Hughes says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you have less cold air in the desert, then that actually means that you get fewer of these pressure gradients that can set up the conditions that are ripe for Santa Ana winds,” Hughes says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Hughes, the Scripps study implies “an increased likelihood of fire later in the season.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And like Gershunov, she says that to understand the bigger picture of what this spells for Southern California wildfires, other factors must be taken into account.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In particular, she says the dry and wet extremes in the region are projected to increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So if you had a very, very dry winter, and then compound that with the fact that the Santa Ana season is a bit later,” Hughes explains, “Then you could really see this being potential for devastatingly large fires.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1937477/changing-winds-could-shift-southern-california-fire-season",
"authors": [
"11368",
"11088"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_35",
"science_40",
"science_3730"
],
"tags": [
"science_194",
"science_1596",
"science_556",
"science_3428",
"science_113"
],
"featImg": "science_1937564",
"label": "source_science_1937477"
}
},
"podcastsReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"podcasts": {}
},
"radioProgramsReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"radioPrograms": {}
},
"radioSearchSegmentsReducer": {},
"programsReducer": {
"all-things-considered": {
"id": "all-things-considered",
"title": "All Things Considered",
"info": "Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/all-things-considered"
},
"american-suburb-podcast": {
"id": "american-suburb-podcast",
"title": "American Suburb: The Podcast",
"tagline": "The flip side of gentrification, told through one town",
"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/american-suburb-podcast",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 19
},
"link": "/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"
}
},
"baycurious": {
"id": "baycurious",
"title": "Bay Curious",
"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Bay Curious",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/baycurious",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 3
},
"link": "/podcasts/baycurious",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/9a90d476-aa04-455d-9a4c-0871ed6216d4/bay-curious",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"
}
},
"bbc-world-service": {
"id": "bbc-world-service",
"title": "BBC World Service",
"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/",
"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-the-california-report/id79681292",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/26099305-72af-4542-9dde-ac1807fe36d5/kqed-s-the-california-report",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432285393/the-california-report",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-the-california-report-podcast-8838",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcram/feed/podcast"
}
},
"californiareportmagazine": {
"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Magazine-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report Magazine",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 10
},
"link": "/californiareportmagazine",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/564733126/the-california-report-magazine",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-california-report-magazine",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrmag/feed/podcast"
}
},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
"title": "Close All Tabs",
"tagline": "Your irreverent guide to the trends redefining our world",
"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/CAT_2_Tile-scaled.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Close All Tabs",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 1
},
"link": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/close-all-tabs/id214663465",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC6993880386",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/92d9d4ac-67a3-4eed-b10a-fb45d45b1ef2/close-all-tabs",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/6LAJFHnGK1pYXYzv6SIol6?si=deb0cae19813417c"
}
},
"code-switch-life-kit": {
"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
"airtime": "SUN 9pm-10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"
}
},
"commonwealth-club": {
"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"
}
},
"forum": {
"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/forum",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"
}
},
"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 7pm-8pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
}
},
"here-and-now": {
"id": "here-and-now",
"title": "Here & Now",
"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
"airtime": "MON-THU 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Here-And-Now-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/here-and-now",
"subsdcribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=426698661",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Here--Now-p211/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
}
},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/hidden-brain/id1028908750?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"
}
},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Arts--Culture-Podcasts/How-I-Built-This-p910896/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
}
},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/hyphenaci%C3%B3n/id1191591838",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
"youtube": "https://www.youtube.com/c/kqedarts",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/790253322/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/jerrybrown/feed/podcast/",
"tuneIn": "http://tun.in/pjGcK",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/54C1dmuyFyKMFttY6X2j6r?si=K8SgRCoISNK6ZbjpXrX5-w",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/44420f75-3b0e-4301-ab3b-16da6b09e543/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown"
}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Latino-USA-p621/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201853034&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/APM-Marketplace-p88/",
"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"
}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
}
},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/political-breakdown/id1327641087",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/political-breakdown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/07RVyIjIdk2WDuVehvBMoN",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/political-breakdown/feed/podcast"
}
},
"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
}
},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pri.org/programs/the-world",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "PRI"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pri-the-world",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pris-the-world-latest-edition/id278196007?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/PRIs-The-World-p24/",
"rss": "http://feeds.feedburner.com/pri/theworld"
}
},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
"airtime": "SUN 12am-1am, SAT 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/radiolab1400.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/radiolab/",
"meta": {
"site": "science",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/radiolab",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/radiolab/id152249110?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/RadioLab-p68032/",
"rss": "https://feeds.wnyc.org/radiolab"
}
},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/reveal/id886009669",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Reveal-p679597/",
"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
}
},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Rightnowish-Podcast-Tile-500x500-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Rightnowish with Pendarvis Harshaw",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 16
},
"link": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/721590300/rightnowish",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/rightnowish/feed/podcast",
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/rightnowish/id1482187648",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/rightnowish",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMxMjU5MTY3NDc4",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/7kEJuafTzTVan7B78ttz1I"
}
},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
"airtime": "FRI 11am-1pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Science-Friday-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/science-friday",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/science-friday",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=73329284&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Science-Friday-p394/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/science-friday"
}
},
"snap-judgment": {
"id": "snap-judgment",
"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
"airtime": "SAT 1pm-2pm, 9pm-10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Snap-Judgment-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Snap Judgment",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://snapjudgment.org",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 4
},
"link": "https://snapjudgment.org",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/snap-judgment/id283657561",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/449018144/snap-judgment",
"stitcher": "https://www.pandora.com/podcast/snap-judgment/PC:241?source=stitcher-sunset",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3Cct7ZWmxHNAtLgBTqjC5v",
"rss": "https://snap.feed.snapjudgment.org/"
}
},
"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Sold-Out-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/soldout",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 13
},
"link": "/podcasts/soldout",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/911586047/s-o-l-d-o-u-t-a-new-future-for-housing",
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/introducing-sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america/id1531354937",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/soldout",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/38dTBSk2ISFoPiyYNoKn1X",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america",
"tunein": "https://tunein.com/radio/SOLD-OUT-Rethinking-Housing-in-America-p1365871/"
}
},
"spooked": {
"id": "spooked",
"title": "Spooked",
"tagline": "True-life supernatural stories",
"info": "",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Spooked-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Spooked",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://spookedpodcast.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 7
},
"link": "https://spookedpodcast.org/",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/spooked/id1279361017",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/549547848/snap-judgment-presents-spooked",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/76571Rfl3m7PLJQZKQIGCT",
"rss": "https://feeds.simplecast.com/TBotaapn"
}
},
"tech-nation": {
"id": "tech-nation",
"title": "Tech Nation Radio Podcast",
"info": "Tech Nation is a weekly public radio program, hosted by Dr. Moira Gunn. Founded in 1993, it has grown from a simple interview show to a multi-faceted production, featuring conversations with noted technology and science leaders, and a weekly science and technology-related commentary.",
"airtime": "FRI 10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Tech-Nation-Radio-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://technation.podomatic.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "science",
"source": "Tech Nation Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/tech-nation",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://technation.podomatic.com/rss2.xml"
}
},
"ted-radio-hour": {
"id": "ted-radio-hour",
"title": "TED Radio Hour",
"info": "The TED Radio Hour is a journey through fascinating ideas, astonishing inventions, fresh approaches to old problems, and new ways to think and create.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm, SAT 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/tedRadioHour.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/ted-radio-hour/?showDate=2018-06-22",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/ted-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/8vsS",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=523121474&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/TED-Radio-Hour-p418021/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510298/podcast.xml"
}
},
"thebay": {
"id": "thebay",
"title": "The Bay",
"tagline": "Local news to keep you rooted",
"info": "Host Devin Katayama walks you through the biggest story of the day with reporters and newsmakers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Bay-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Bay",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/thebay",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 2
},
"link": "/podcasts/thebay",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d800ea4c-7a2c-42f2-b861-edaf78a5db0b/the-bay",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/586725995/the-bay",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC8259786327"
}
},
"thelatest": {
"id": "thelatest",
"title": "The Latest",
"tagline": "Trusted local news in real time",
"info": "",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/The-Latest-2025-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Latest",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/thelatest",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 6
},
"link": "/thelatest",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-latest-from-kqed/id1197721799",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/1257949365/the-latest-from-k-q-e-d",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/5KIIXMgM9GTi5AepwOYvIZ?si=bd3053fec7244dba",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9137121918"
}
},
"theleap": {
"id": "theleap",
"title": "The Leap",
"tagline": "What if you closed your eyes, and jumped?",
"info": "Stories about people making dramatic, risky changes, told by award-winning public radio reporter Judy Campbell.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Leap-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Leap",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/theleap",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 17
},
"link": "/podcasts/theleap",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-leap/id1046668171",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/447248267/the-leap",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-leap",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3sSlVHHzU0ytLwuGs1SD1U",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/programs/the-leap/feed/podcast"
}
},
"the-moth-radio-hour": {
"id": "the-moth-radio-hour",
"title": "The Moth Radio Hour",
"info": "Since its launch in 1997, The Moth has presented thousands of true stories, told live and without notes, to standing-room-only crowds worldwide. Moth storytellers stand alone, under a spotlight, with only a microphone and a roomful of strangers. The storyteller and the audience embark on a high-wire act of shared experience which is both terrifying and exhilarating. Since 2008, The Moth podcast has featured many of our favorite stories told live on Moth stages around the country. For information on all of our programs and live events, visit themoth.org.",
"airtime": "SAT 8pm-9pm and SUN 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/theMoth.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://themoth.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "prx"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-moth-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-moth-podcast/id275699983?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/The-Moth-p273888/",
"rss": "http://feeds.themoth.org/themothpodcast"
}
},
"the-new-yorker-radio-hour": {
"id": "the-new-yorker-radio-hour",
"title": "The New Yorker Radio Hour",
"info": "The New Yorker Radio Hour is a weekly program presented by the magazine's editor, David Remnick, and produced by WNYC Studios and The New Yorker. Each episode features a diverse mix of interviews, profiles, storytelling, and an occasional burst of humor inspired by the magazine, and shaped by its writers, artists, and editors. This isn't a radio version of a magazine, but something all its own, reflecting the rich possibilities of audio storytelling and conversation. Theme music for the show was composed and performed by Merrill Garbus of tUnE-YArDs.",
"airtime": "SAT 10am-11am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-New-Yorker-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/tnyradiohour",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-new-yorker-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1050430296",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/New-Yorker-Radio-Hour-p803804/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/newyorkerradiohour"
}
},
"the-sam-sanders-show": {
"id": "the-sam-sanders-show",
"title": "The Sam Sanders Show",
"info": "One of public radio's most dynamic voices, Sam Sanders helped launch The NPR Politics Podcast and hosted NPR's hit show It's Been A Minute. Now, the award-winning host returns with something brand new, The Sam Sanders Show. Every week, Sam Sanders and friends dig into the culture that shapes our lives: what's driving the biggest trends, how artists really think, and even the memes you can't stop scrolling past. Sam is beloved for his way of unpacking the world and bringing you up close to fresh currents and engaging conversations. The Sam Sanders Show is smart, funny and always a good time.",
"airtime": "FRI 12-1pm AND SAT 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/The-Sam-Sanders-Show-Podcast-Tile-400x400-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.kcrw.com/shows/the-sam-sanders-show/latest",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "KCRW"
},
"link": "https://www.kcrw.com/shows/the-sam-sanders-show/latest",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://feed.cdnstream1.com/zjb/feed/download/ac/28/59/ac28594c-e1d0-4231-8728-61865cdc80e8.xml"
}
},
"the-splendid-table": {
"id": "the-splendid-table",
"title": "The Splendid Table",
"info": "\u003cem>The Splendid Table\u003c/em> hosts our nation's conversations about cooking, sustainability and food culture.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Splendid-Table-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.splendidtable.org/",
"airtime": "SUN 10-11 pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-splendid-table"
},
"this-american-life": {
"id": "this-american-life",
"title": "This American Life",
"info": "This American Life is a weekly public radio show, heard by 2.2 million people on more than 500 stations. Another 2.5 million people download the weekly podcast. It is hosted by Ira Glass, produced in collaboration with Chicago Public Media, delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange, and has won all of the major broadcasting awards.",
"airtime": "SAT 12pm-1pm, 7pm-8pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/thisAmericanLife.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.thisamericanlife.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wbez"
},
"link": "/radio/program/this-american-life",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201671138&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"rss": "https://www.thisamericanlife.org/podcast/rss.xml"
}
},
"tinydeskradio": {
"id": "tinydeskradio",
"title": "Tiny Desk Radio",
"info": "We're bringing the best of Tiny Desk to the airwaves, only on public radio.",
"airtime": "SUN 8pm and SAT 9pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/300x300-For-Member-Station-Logo-Tiny-Desk-Radio-@2x.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/g-s1-52030/tiny-desk-radio",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/tinydeskradio",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/g-s1-52030/rss.xml"
}
},
"wait-wait-dont-tell-me": {
"id": "wait-wait-dont-tell-me",
"title": "Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!",
"info": "Peter Sagal and Bill Kurtis host the weekly NPR News quiz show alongside some of the best and brightest news and entertainment personalities.",
"airtime": "SUN 10am-11am, SAT 11am-12pm, SAT 6pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Wait-Wait-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/wait-wait-dont-tell-me/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/wait-wait-dont-tell-me",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/Xogv",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=121493804&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Wait-Wait-Dont-Tell-Me-p46/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/344098539/podcast.xml"
}
},
"weekend-edition-saturday": {
"id": "weekend-edition-saturday",
"title": "Weekend Edition Saturday",
"info": "Weekend Edition Saturday wraps up the week's news and offers a mix of analysis and features on a wide range of topics, including arts, sports, entertainment, and human interest stories. The two-hour program is hosted by NPR's Peabody Award-winning Scott Simon.",
"airtime": "SAT 5am-10am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-saturday/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/weekend-edition-saturday"
},
"weekend-edition-sunday": {
"id": "weekend-edition-sunday",
"title": "Weekend Edition Sunday",
"info": "Weekend Edition Sunday features interviews with newsmakers, artists, scientists, politicians, musicians, writers, theologians and historians. The program has covered news events from Nelson Mandela's 1990 release from a South African prison to the capture of Saddam Hussein.",
"airtime": "SUN 5am-10am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-sunday/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/weekend-edition-sunday"
}
},
"racesReducer": {},
"racesGenElectionReducer": {},
"racesGenElection2026Reducer": {},
"radioSchedulesReducer": {},
"listsReducer": {
"posts/science?category=climate": {
"isFetching": false,
"latestQuery": {
"from": 720,
"size": 12
},
"vitalsOnly": false,
"totalRequested": 12,
"isLoading": false,
"isLoadingMore": true,
"total": {
"value": 1578,
"relation": "eq"
},
"items": [
"science_1938969",
"science_1938853",
"science_1938632",
"science_1938135",
"science_1938362",
"science_1938303",
"science_1938157",
"science_1938127",
"science_1937918",
"science_1937679",
"science_1937521",
"science_1937477"
],
"complete": true
}
},
"recallGuideReducer": {
"intros": {},
"policy": {},
"candidates": {}
},
"savedArticleReducer": {
"articles": [],
"status": {}
},
"newslettersReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"newsletters": {},
"isSubscribing": false,
"isUnsubscribing": false,
"subscribedNewsletters": {}
},
"termsReducer": {
"about": {
"name": "About",
"type": "terms",
"id": "about",
"slug": "about",
"link": "/about",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"arts": {
"name": "Arts & Culture",
"grouping": [
"arts",
"pop",
"trulyca"
],
"description": "KQED Arts provides daily in-depth coverage of the Bay Area's music, art, film, performing arts, literature and arts news, as well as cultural commentary and criticism.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "arts",
"slug": "arts",
"link": "/arts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"artschool": {
"name": "Art School",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "artschool",
"slug": "artschool",
"link": "/artschool",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"bayareabites": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "bayareabites",
"slug": "bayareabites",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"bayareahiphop": {
"name": "Bay Area Hiphop",
"type": "terms",
"id": "bayareahiphop",
"slug": "bayareahiphop",
"link": "/bayareahiphop",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"campaign21": {
"name": "Campaign 21",
"type": "terms",
"id": "campaign21",
"slug": "campaign21",
"link": "/campaign21",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"careers": {
"name": "Careers",
"type": "terms",
"id": "careers",
"slug": "careers",
"link": "/careers",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"checkplease": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "checkplease",
"slug": "checkplease",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"education": {
"name": "Education",
"grouping": [
"education"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "education",
"slug": "education",
"link": "/education",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"elections": {
"name": "Elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "elections",
"slug": "elections",
"link": "/elections",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"events": {
"name": "Events",
"type": "terms",
"id": "events",
"slug": "events",
"link": "/events",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"event": {
"name": "Event",
"alias": "events",
"type": "terms",
"id": "event",
"slug": "event",
"link": "/event",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"filmschoolshorts": {
"name": "Film School Shorts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "filmschoolshorts",
"slug": "filmschoolshorts",
"link": "/filmschoolshorts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"food": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "food",
"slug": "food",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"forum": {
"name": "Forum",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/forum?",
"parent": "news",
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum",
"slug": "forum",
"link": "/forum",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"futureofyou": {
"name": "Future of You",
"grouping": [
"science",
"futureofyou"
],
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou",
"slug": "futureofyou",
"link": "/futureofyou",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"jpepinheart": {
"name": "KQED food",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/food,bayareabites,checkplease",
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "jpepinheart",
"slug": "jpepinheart",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"liveblog": {
"name": "Live Blog",
"type": "terms",
"id": "liveblog",
"slug": "liveblog",
"link": "/liveblog",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"livetv": {
"name": "Live TV",
"parent": "tv",
"type": "terms",
"id": "livetv",
"slug": "livetv",
"link": "/livetv",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"lowdown": {
"name": "The Lowdown",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/lowdown?",
"parent": "news",
"type": "terms",
"id": "lowdown",
"slug": "lowdown",
"link": "/lowdown",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"mindshift": {
"name": "Mindshift",
"parent": "news",
"description": "MindShift explores the future of education by highlighting the innovative – and sometimes counterintuitive – ways educators and parents are helping all children succeed.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "mindshift",
"slug": "mindshift",
"link": "/mindshift",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"news": {
"name": "News",
"grouping": [
"news",
"forum"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "news",
"slug": "news",
"link": "/news",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"newsletters": {
"name": "newsletters",
"type": "terms",
"id": "newsletters",
"slug": "newsletters",
"link": "/newsletters",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"perspectives": {
"name": "Perspectives",
"parent": "radio",
"type": "terms",
"id": "perspectives",
"slug": "perspectives",
"link": "/perspectives",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"podcasts": {
"name": "Podcasts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "podcasts",
"slug": "podcasts",
"link": "/podcasts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"pop": {
"name": "Pop",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "pop",
"slug": "pop",
"link": "/pop",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"pressroom": {
"name": "Pressroom",
"type": "terms",
"id": "pressroom",
"slug": "pressroom",
"link": "/pressroom",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"quest": {
"name": "Quest",
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest",
"slug": "quest",
"link": "/quest",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"radio": {
"name": "Radio",
"grouping": [
"forum",
"perspectives"
],
"description": "Listen to KQED Public Radio – home of Forum and The California Report – on 88.5 FM in San Francisco, 89.3 FM in Sacramento, 88.3 FM in Santa Rosa and 88.1 FM in Martinez.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "radio",
"slug": "radio",
"link": "/radio",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"root": {
"name": "KQED",
"image": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"imageWidth": 1200,
"imageHeight": 630,
"headData": {
"title": "KQED | News, Radio, Podcasts, TV | Public Media for Northern California",
"description": "KQED provides public radio, television, and independent reporting on issues that matter to the Bay Area. We’re the NPR and PBS member station for Northern California."
},
"type": "terms",
"id": "root",
"slug": "root",
"link": "/root",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"science": {
"name": "Science",
"grouping": [
"science",
"futureofyou"
],
"description": "KQED Science brings you award-winning science and environment coverage from the Bay Area and beyond.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "science",
"slug": "science",
"link": "/science",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"stateofhealth": {
"name": "State of Health",
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "stateofhealth",
"slug": "stateofhealth",
"link": "/stateofhealth",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"support": {
"name": "Support",
"type": "terms",
"id": "support",
"slug": "support",
"link": "/support",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"thedolist": {
"name": "The Do List",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "thedolist",
"slug": "thedolist",
"link": "/thedolist",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"trulyca": {
"name": "Truly CA",
"grouping": [
"arts",
"pop",
"trulyca"
],
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "trulyca",
"slug": "trulyca",
"link": "/trulyca",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"tv": {
"name": "TV",
"type": "terms",
"id": "tv",
"slug": "tv",
"link": "/tv",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"voterguide": {
"name": "Voter Guide",
"parent": "elections",
"alias": "elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "voterguide",
"slug": "voterguide",
"link": "/voterguide",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"guiaelectoral": {
"name": "Guia Electoral",
"parent": "elections",
"alias": "elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "guiaelectoral",
"slug": "guiaelectoral",
"link": "/guiaelectoral",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"science_category_climate": {
"isLoading": true
},
"science_31": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_31",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "31",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Climate",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Climate Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 33,
"slug": "climate",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/climate"
},
"source_science_1938969": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1938969",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Water",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1938853": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1938853",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Weather",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1938632": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1938632",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Conservation",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1938135": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1938135",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Climate",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1938362": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1938362",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Heat",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1938303": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1938303",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Climate",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1938157": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1938157",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Snowpack",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1938127": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1938127",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "NPR",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1937918": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1937918",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Weather",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1937679": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1937679",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Climate",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1937521": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1937521",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Climate",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1937477": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1937477",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Wildfires",
"isLoading": false
},
"science_40": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_40",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "40",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "News",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "News Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 42,
"slug": "news",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/news"
},
"science_98": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_98",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "98",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Water",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Water Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 102,
"slug": "water",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/water"
},
"science_3841": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3841",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3841",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "2way",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "2way Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3841,
"slug": "2way",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/2way"
},
"science_572": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_572",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "572",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "drought",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "drought Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 578,
"slug": "drought",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/drought"
},
"science_3370": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3370",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3370",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "featured",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "featured Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3370,
"slug": "featured",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/featured"
},
"science_3830": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3830",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3830",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Staff",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Staff Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3830,
"slug": "staff",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/staff"
},
"science_201": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_201",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "201",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "water",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "water Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 205,
"slug": "water-2",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/water-2"
},
"science_365": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_365",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "365",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "weather",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "weather Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 371,
"slug": "weather",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/weather"
},
"science_35": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_35",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "35",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Environment",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Environment Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 37,
"slug": "environment",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/environment"
},
"science_16": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_16",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "16",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Import",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Import Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 17,
"slug": "import",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/import"
},
"science_2227": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2227",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2227",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "atmospheric river",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "atmospheric river Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2239,
"slug": "atmospheric-river",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/atmospheric-river"
},
"science_3838": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3838",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3838",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "ingest",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "ingest Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3838,
"slug": "ingest",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/ingest"
},
"science_1746": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_1746",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1746",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "lightning",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "lightning Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1756,
"slug": "lightning",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/lightning"
},
"science_5190": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5190",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5190",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Los Angeles",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Los Angeles Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5190,
"slug": "los-angeles",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/los-angeles"
},
"science_110": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_110",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "110",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "water supply",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "water supply Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 114,
"slug": "water-supply",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/water-supply"
},
"science_5376": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5376",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5376",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"name": "Science Podcast",
"slug": "science-podcast",
"taxonomy": "program",
"description": null,
"featImg": null,
"headData": {
"title": "Science Podcast | KQED Science",
"description": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogDescription": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"twDescription": null,
"twImgId": null
},
"ttid": 5376,
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/program/science-podcast"
},
"science_2874": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2874",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2874",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Animals",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Animals Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2874,
"slug": "animals",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/animals"
},
"science_46": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_46",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "46",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Audio",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Audio Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 48,
"slug": "audio",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/audio"
},
"science_5141": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5141",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5141",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Podcast",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Podcast Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5141,
"slug": "podcast",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/podcast"
},
"science_43": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_43",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "43",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Radio",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Radio Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 45,
"slug": "radio",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/radio"
},
"science_3423": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3423",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3423",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Science Podcast",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"socialTitle": "Bay Area Science: Stories & Insights with KQED's Science Podcasts",
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": "Our captivating podcasts take you on a journey through the Bay Area's vibrant scientific landscape. Discover groundbreaking research & hear expert insights.",
"title": "Bay Area Science: Stories & Insights with KQED's Science Podcasts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3423,
"slug": "science-podcast",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/science-podcast"
},
"science_1349": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_1349",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1349",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "national parks",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "national parks Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1358,
"slug": "national-parks",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/national-parks"
},
"science_33": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_33",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "33",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Energy",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Energy Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 35,
"slug": "energy",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/energy"
},
"science_37": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_37",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "37",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Events",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Events Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 39,
"slug": "events",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/events"
},
"science_194": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_194",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "194",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "climate change",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "climate change Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 198,
"slug": "climate-change",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/climate-change"
},
"science_3834": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3834",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3834",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Freelance",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Freelance Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3834,
"slug": "freelance",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/freelance"
},
"science_556": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_556",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "556",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "global warming",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "global warming Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 562,
"slug": "global-warming",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/global-warming"
},
"science_206": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_206",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "206",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "sea level rise",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "sea level rise Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 210,
"slug": "sea-level-rise",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/sea-level-rise"
},
"science_39": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_39",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "39",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Health",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Health Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 41,
"slug": "health",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/health"
},
"science_2184": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2184",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2184",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "heat",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "heat Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2196,
"slug": "heat",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/heat"
},
"science_3730": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3730",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3730",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Wildfires",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Wildfires Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3730,
"slug": "wildfires",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/wildfires"
},
"science_3832": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3832",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3832",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "FeatureText",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "FeatureText Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3832,
"slug": "featuretext",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/featuretext"
},
"science_1462": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_1462",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1462",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Sierra snowpack",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Sierra snowpack Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1471,
"slug": "sierra-snowpack",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/sierra-snowpack"
},
"science_3253": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3253",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3253",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "climate science",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "climate science Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3253,
"slug": "climate-science",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/climate-science"
},
"science_3301": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3301",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3301",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "fossil fuels",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "fossil fuels Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3301,
"slug": "fossil-fuels",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/fossil-fuels"
},
"science_1151": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_1151",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1151",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Drought Watch",
"description": "\u003cem>What California's reservoirs look like right now (From KQED's \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/\">The Lowdown\u003c/a>)\u003c/em>\r\n\r\n[iframe src=\"http://kroodsma.com/KQED/water-supply-master/public/map.html\" width=\"640\" height=\"720\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"]\r\n\r\n\u003cem>We’re collecting all of our California drought coverage here, starting with the current state of the drought, then providing the \u003ca href=\"#background\">background\u003c/a> and rounding up \u003ca href=\"#river\">all the stories\u003c/a> we’ve produced.\u003c/em>\r\n\r\n\u003cstrong>Relief at Last\r\n\u003c/strong>\r\n\r\nIn early April, after more than five years of the most withering drought on record, California Governor Jerry Brown finally lifted the emergency drought order he issued in January of 2014. By that time, the record-setting winter of 2016-17 had removed all doubt that the drought was over, though concerns over depleted groundwater levels still remain. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/\" target=\"_blank\">U.S. Drought Monitor\u003c/a>, less than 10 percent of California remains in “moderate drought” — compared to nearly 100 percent of the state a year ago.\r\n\r\n[http_redir]",
"taxonomy": "series",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": "What California's reservoirs look like right now (From KQED's The Lowdown) [iframe src=\"http://kroodsma.com/KQED/water-supply-master/public/map.html\" width=\"640\" height=\"720\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"] We’re collecting all of our California drought coverage here, starting with the current state of the drought, then providing the background and rounding up all the stories we’ve produced. Relief at Last In early April, after more than five years of the most withering drought on record, California Governor Jerry Brown finally lifted the emergency drought order he issued in January of 2014. By that time, the record-setting winter of 2016-17 had removed all doubt that the drought was over, though concerns over depleted groundwater levels still remain. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, less than 10 percent of California remains in “moderate drought” — compared to nearly 100 percent of the state a year ago. [http_redir]",
"title": "Drought Watch Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1160,
"slug": "california-drought-watch",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/series/california-drought-watch"
},
"science_3833": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3833",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3833",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "FeatureRadio",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "FeatureRadio Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3833,
"slug": "featureradio",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/featureradio"
},
"science_3840": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3840",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3840",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "daily",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "daily Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3840,
"slug": "daily",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/daily"
},
"science_1004": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_1004",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1004",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "precipitation",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "precipitation Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1012,
"slug": "precipitation",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/precipitation"
},
"science_1596": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_1596",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1596",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "fire season",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "fire season Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1605,
"slug": "fire-season",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/fire-season"
},
"science_3428": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3428",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3428",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "temperature",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "temperature Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3428,
"slug": "temperature",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/temperature"
},
"science_113": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_113",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "113",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "wildfire",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "wildfire Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 117,
"slug": "wildfire",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/wildfire"
}
},
"userPermissionsReducer": {
"wpLoggedIn": false
},
"eventsReducer": {},
"fssReducer": {},
"tvDailyScheduleReducer": {},
"tvWeeklyScheduleReducer": {},
"tvPrimetimeScheduleReducer": {},
"tvMonthlyScheduleReducer": {},
"userAccountReducer": {
"user": {
"email": null,
"emailStatus": "EMAIL_UNVALIDATED",
"loggedStatus": "LOGGED_OUT",
"loggingChecked": false,
"articles": [],
"firstName": null,
"lastName": null,
"phoneNumber": null,
"fetchingMembership": false,
"membershipError": false,
"memberships": [
{
"id": null,
"startDate": null,
"firstName": null,
"lastName": null,
"familyNumber": null,
"memberNumber": null,
"memberSince": null,
"expirationDate": null,
"pfsEligible": false,
"isSustaining": false,
"membershipLevel": "Prospect",
"membershipStatus": "Non Member",
"lastGiftDate": null,
"renewalDate": null,
"lastDonationAmount": null
}
]
},
"authModal": {
"isOpen": false,
"view": "LANDING_VIEW"
},
"error": null
},
"youthMediaReducer": {},
"checkPleaseReducer": {
"filterData": {
"region": {
"key": "Restaurant Region",
"filters": [
"Any Region"
]
},
"cuisine": {
"key": "Restaurant Cuisine",
"filters": [
"Any Cuisine"
]
}
},
"restaurantDataById": {},
"restaurantIdsSorted": [],
"error": null
},
"userAgentReducer": {
"userAgent": "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)",
"isBot": true
}
}
