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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update October 10th:\u003c/strong> Fracking bans are on the November ballots in Mendocino, San Benito and Santa Barbara Counties. Butte County voters could see a measure on the 2016 ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post, July 14th: \u003c/strong>Opponents of hydraulic fracturing — or fracking — have pushed for a statewide moratorium on the controversial oil production technique. With those efforts stalled in the state legislature, activists are taking the fight to the county level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copying tactics that have worked in Colorado and New York, activists have qualified November ballot measures that would ban fracking in two counties and possibly others, trying a piecemeal approach to banning fracking in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://www.youtube.com/embed/W2NeqeaSFTc\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Video reported by Gabriela Quirós and Lauren Sommer, who narrates.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil companies use fracking to squeeze more oil out of rocks. Water mixed with sand and chemicals is injected underground at high pressure to create tiny fractures. The sand props open the cracks, so oil can flow out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”w4nKuhIm9gQiH3d9tzQJf1PP2G6IOC4d”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California legislators have debated a moratorium on fracking for the past four years, but the bills have repeatedly failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Benito County Qualifies First\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a parking lot in San Juan Bautista, an hour south of San Jose, volunteers paint signs that read, “Protect our water. Ban fracking in San Benito County.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We collected enough signatures to qualify in 14 days which was maybe a state record,” says Andy Hsia-Coron of San Benito Rising, the group that’s rallying support for a fracking ban on San Benito County’s November ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”d9531efb2815df8ad2fe5db4dd70d801″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ballot measure is largely pre-emptive. While San Benito County has a handful of oil wells in production, oil companies haven’t reported using fracking there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And we don’t want you to frack in San Benito County,” Hsia-Coron says. “We know this a county with a lot of oil potential.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hisa-Coron says his group is collaborating with activists across the country. Cities in Colorado and New York have banned fracking over concerns about groundwater contamination and land impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bigger Fight in Santa Barbara\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see a battle for sure, but we also see a great opportunity,” says Rebecca Claassen of the Santa Barbara County Water Guardians, a volunteer group that’s put a measure on the local ballot to ban fracking on unincorporated land in the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘We see a battle for sure, but we also see a great opportunity.’\u003ccite>— Rebecca Claassen, Santa Barbara County Water Guardians\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Claassen says the legacy of Santa Barbara’s 1969 oil spill came up often as her group gathered 20,000 signatures for measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Home of the first major oil spill in the United States,” she says. “In ’69, there were hundreds of thousands of gallons of oil pouring into the ocean and washing up on these beaches here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also fueling support for the ban are economic concerns. “We have a lot of agriculture and tourism that both depend on clean water,” Claassen says, “and so the risks of water contamination really resonated with most everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Claasen’s group is facing an uphill battle, because Santa Barbara’s oil industry is much larger than San Benito’s. When the measure came up at county supervisors meeting, industry workers turned out in force with concerns about their jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Banning More Than Fracking\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s attempting to outlaw all methods of oil extraction, not only fracking, but a number of other means of well stimulating,” says Armen Nahabedian of Citadel Exploration, a company that develops oil projects. “It is an absolute anti-hydrocarbon initiative.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent morning, Nahabedian is meeting with rancher Skip Ramsey about putting an oil well on his land outside of San Ardo, an hour south of Salinas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19346\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/fracking3.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-19346\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/fracking3.jpg\" alt=\"Armen Nahabedian of Citadel Exploration talks with rancher Skip Ramsey about an oil project. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"371\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Armen Nahabedian of Citadel Exploration (right) talks with rancher Skip Ramsey about an oil project. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The drought has hit Ramsey’s ranch hard, drying up feed for his cattle months sooner than expected. He says royalty payments from an oil well would go a long way for his family and his ranch. “To just support college educations,” he says, “and I’d like to increase my water capability to raise more feed for my cattle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahabedian says if the San Benito measure passes, it could stand in the way of deals like this one. “It’s difficult to make the same sort of offers to landowners in this area with this sort of uncertainty hanging the balance,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahabedian’s company doesn’t use fracking, but it does use another oil extraction technique that the initiatives would ban, called cyclic steam injection. Oil in California is heavy, so producers inject steam underground to loosen it up.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘You can drill for it or you can kill for it.’\u003ccite>— Armen Nahabedian, Citadel Exploration\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp> “Steam injection is an old technique,” he says. “We’ve been using it in the industry since the early 1960s. It’s not much different than cleaning a dirty engine block.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 60 percent of oil produced in California is extracted with steam injection and similar methods, making it more common than fracking. Nahabedian says banning steam injection would mean the state’s refineries would have to look at importing oil from outside the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I say very simply — and some people say very crudely — that you can drill for it or you can kill for it, but that’s just the truth,” he says. “I’m a veteran from Operation Iraqi Freedom, and I have a firm belief that it’s our social responsibility and our civil responsibility to become a domestic producer that’s totally independent of foreign oil supply.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19348\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/fracking1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-19348\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/fracking1.jpg\" alt=\"About 60 percent of oil pumped in California uses steam injection or similar methods, something the ballot measures seek to ban. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">About 60 percent of oil pumped in California is produced with steam injection or similar methods, which would also be banned under the ballot measures. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It would hurt oil production in our state, particularly in regions that are more economically depressed like the Central Valley,” says Sabrina Lockheart of Californians for Energy Independence, an advocacy group that’s funded in part by the oil industry and is fighting the local fracking bans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California regulators \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/11/15/what-californias-new-fracking-rules-would-do-and-not-do/\">are currently drafting new regulations\u003c/a> for fracking, ones that the oil industry says are more than enough to ensure fracking is done safely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re the strongest regulations in the country as it relates to fracking,” Lockheart says. “It includes conducting a science-based study, disclosure of the chemicals used, monitoring protected groundwater and prior notification of surrounding landowners.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Activists like Andy Hsia-Coron don’t believe those regulations go far enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We figure that if we pass these initiatives in November,” he says, “that dozens of counties will be filing their initiatives and it can even be done a city level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, Santa Cruz County supervisors voted to pass a fracking ban. Voters in San Benito and Santa Barbara counties will vote on bans in November. Activists in Butte and Mendocino counties are still working to qualify ballot measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/158339780&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Activists are hoping local residents will do what state legislators haven’t done -- shut down the controversial oil production technique known as hydraulic fracturing.\r\n",
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"description": "Activists are hoping local residents will do what state legislators haven’t done -- shut down the controversial oil production technique known as hydraulic fracturing.\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update October 10th:\u003c/strong> Fracking bans are on the November ballots in Mendocino, San Benito and Santa Barbara Counties. Butte County voters could see a measure on the 2016 ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post, July 14th: \u003c/strong>Opponents of hydraulic fracturing — or fracking — have pushed for a statewide moratorium on the controversial oil production technique. With those efforts stalled in the state legislature, activists are taking the fight to the county level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copying tactics that have worked in Colorado and New York, activists have qualified November ballot measures that would ban fracking in two counties and possibly others, trying a piecemeal approach to banning fracking in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://www.youtube.com/embed/W2NeqeaSFTc\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Video reported by Gabriela Quirós and Lauren Sommer, who narrates.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil companies use fracking to squeeze more oil out of rocks. Water mixed with sand and chemicals is injected underground at high pressure to create tiny fractures. The sand props open the cracks, so oil can flow out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California legislators have debated a moratorium on fracking for the past four years, but the bills have repeatedly failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Benito County Qualifies First\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a parking lot in San Juan Bautista, an hour south of San Jose, volunteers paint signs that read, “Protect our water. Ban fracking in San Benito County.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We collected enough signatures to qualify in 14 days which was maybe a state record,” says Andy Hsia-Coron of San Benito Rising, the group that’s rallying support for a fracking ban on San Benito County’s November ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ballot measure is largely pre-emptive. While San Benito County has a handful of oil wells in production, oil companies haven’t reported using fracking there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And we don’t want you to frack in San Benito County,” Hsia-Coron says. “We know this a county with a lot of oil potential.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hisa-Coron says his group is collaborating with activists across the country. Cities in Colorado and New York have banned fracking over concerns about groundwater contamination and land impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bigger Fight in Santa Barbara\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see a battle for sure, but we also see a great opportunity,” says Rebecca Claassen of the Santa Barbara County Water Guardians, a volunteer group that’s put a measure on the local ballot to ban fracking on unincorporated land in the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘We see a battle for sure, but we also see a great opportunity.’\u003ccite>— Rebecca Claassen, Santa Barbara County Water Guardians\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Claassen says the legacy of Santa Barbara’s 1969 oil spill came up often as her group gathered 20,000 signatures for measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Home of the first major oil spill in the United States,” she says. “In ’69, there were hundreds of thousands of gallons of oil pouring into the ocean and washing up on these beaches here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also fueling support for the ban are economic concerns. “We have a lot of agriculture and tourism that both depend on clean water,” Claassen says, “and so the risks of water contamination really resonated with most everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Claasen’s group is facing an uphill battle, because Santa Barbara’s oil industry is much larger than San Benito’s. When the measure came up at county supervisors meeting, industry workers turned out in force with concerns about their jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Banning More Than Fracking\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s attempting to outlaw all methods of oil extraction, not only fracking, but a number of other means of well stimulating,” says Armen Nahabedian of Citadel Exploration, a company that develops oil projects. “It is an absolute anti-hydrocarbon initiative.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent morning, Nahabedian is meeting with rancher Skip Ramsey about putting an oil well on his land outside of San Ardo, an hour south of Salinas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19346\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/fracking3.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-19346\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/fracking3.jpg\" alt=\"Armen Nahabedian of Citadel Exploration talks with rancher Skip Ramsey about an oil project. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"371\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Armen Nahabedian of Citadel Exploration (right) talks with rancher Skip Ramsey about an oil project. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The drought has hit Ramsey’s ranch hard, drying up feed for his cattle months sooner than expected. He says royalty payments from an oil well would go a long way for his family and his ranch. “To just support college educations,” he says, “and I’d like to increase my water capability to raise more feed for my cattle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahabedian says if the San Benito measure passes, it could stand in the way of deals like this one. “It’s difficult to make the same sort of offers to landowners in this area with this sort of uncertainty hanging the balance,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nahabedian’s company doesn’t use fracking, but it does use another oil extraction technique that the initiatives would ban, called cyclic steam injection. Oil in California is heavy, so producers inject steam underground to loosen it up.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘You can drill for it or you can kill for it.’\u003ccite>— Armen Nahabedian, Citadel Exploration\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp> “Steam injection is an old technique,” he says. “We’ve been using it in the industry since the early 1960s. It’s not much different than cleaning a dirty engine block.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 60 percent of oil produced in California is extracted with steam injection and similar methods, making it more common than fracking. Nahabedian says banning steam injection would mean the state’s refineries would have to look at importing oil from outside the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I say very simply — and some people say very crudely — that you can drill for it or you can kill for it, but that’s just the truth,” he says. “I’m a veteran from Operation Iraqi Freedom, and I have a firm belief that it’s our social responsibility and our civil responsibility to become a domestic producer that’s totally independent of foreign oil supply.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_19348\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/fracking1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-19348\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/07/fracking1.jpg\" alt=\"About 60 percent of oil pumped in California uses steam injection or similar methods, something the ballot measures seek to ban. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">About 60 percent of oil pumped in California is produced with steam injection or similar methods, which would also be banned under the ballot measures. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It would hurt oil production in our state, particularly in regions that are more economically depressed like the Central Valley,” says Sabrina Lockheart of Californians for Energy Independence, an advocacy group that’s funded in part by the oil industry and is fighting the local fracking bans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California regulators \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/11/15/what-californias-new-fracking-rules-would-do-and-not-do/\">are currently drafting new regulations\u003c/a> for fracking, ones that the oil industry says are more than enough to ensure fracking is done safely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re the strongest regulations in the country as it relates to fracking,” Lockheart says. “It includes conducting a science-based study, disclosure of the chemicals used, monitoring protected groundwater and prior notification of surrounding landowners.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Activists like Andy Hsia-Coron don’t believe those regulations go far enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We figure that if we pass these initiatives in November,” he says, “that dozens of counties will be filing their initiatives and it can even be done a city level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, Santa Cruz County supervisors voted to pass a fracking ban. Voters in San Benito and Santa Barbara counties will vote on bans in November. Activists in Butte and Mendocino counties are still working to qualify ballot measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Climate Change Worsens Coastal Flooding From High Tides",
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"content": "\u003cp>A wave of high tides is expected to hit much of the East Coast this week. These special tides – \u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http://www.witnesskingtides.org/what-are-king-tides.aspx\">king tides\u003c/a> — occur a few times a year when the Moon’s orbit brings it close to the Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But scientists say that lately, even normal tides throughout the year \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/story/2014/10/08/144980/climate_change_worsens_coastal_flooding_from_high_tides?source=npr&category=science\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" class=\"rssmi_more\">…Read More\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/story/2014/10/08/144980/climate_change_worsens_coastal_flooding_from_high_tides?source=npr&category=science\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Climate Change Worsens Coastal Flooding From High Tides\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">NPR Science – ingested into KQED\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "\u003cp>A wave of high tides is expected to hit much of the East Coast this week. These special tides – \u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http://www.witnesskingtides.org/what-are-king-tides.aspx\">king tides\u003c/a> — occur a few times a year when the Moon's orbit brings it close to the Earth.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003cp>But scientists say that lately, even normal tides throughout the year \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/story/2014/10/08/144980/climate_change_worsens_coastal_flooding_from_high_tides?source=npr&category=science\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" class=\"rssmi_more\">...Read More\u003c/a>",
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"description": "A wave of high tides is expected to hit much of the East Coast this week. These special tides – king tides — occur a few times a year when the Moon's orbit brings it close to the Earth.\n\nBut scientists say that lately, even normal tides throughout the year ...Read More",
"title": "Climate Change Worsens Coastal Flooding From High Tides | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A wave of high tides is expected to hit much of the East Coast this week. These special tides – \u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http://www.witnesskingtides.org/what-are-king-tides.aspx\">king tides\u003c/a> — occur a few times a year when the Moon’s orbit brings it close to the Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But scientists say that lately, even normal tides throughout the year \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/story/2014/10/08/144980/climate_change_worsens_coastal_flooding_from_high_tides?source=npr&category=science\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" class=\"rssmi_more\">…Read More\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/story/2014/10/08/144980/climate_change_worsens_coastal_flooding_from_high_tides?source=npr&category=science\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Climate Change Worsens Coastal Flooding From High Tides\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">NPR Science – ingested into KQED\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By John Upton\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/oceans-getting-hotter-than-anybody-realized-18139\">Climate Central\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_22313\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 685px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/assets-climatecentral-org-images-uploads-news-10_3_14_John_ArgoFloats-685x390.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/assets-climatecentral-org-images-uploads-news-10_3_14_John_ArgoFloats-685x390.jpg\" alt=\"An Argo float. (Alicia Navidad/CSIRO) \" width=\"685\" height=\"389\" class=\"size-full wp-image-22313\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An Argo float. (Alicia Navidad/CSIRO)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.niwa.co.nz/vessels/kaharoa\">RV Kaharoa\u003c/a> motored out of Wellington, New Zealand on Saturday, loaded with more than 100 scientific instruments, each eventually destined for a watery grave. Crewmembers will spend the next two months dropping the 50-pound devices, called \u003ca href=\"http://www.argo.ucsd.edu/index.html\">Argo floats\u003c/a>, into the seas between New Zealand and Mauritius, off the coast of Madagascar. There, the instruments will sink and drift, then measure temperature, salinity and pressure as they resurface to beam the data to a satellite. The battery-powered floats will repeat that process every 10 days — until they conk out, after four years or more, and become ocean junk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under an international program begun in 2000, and that started producing useful global data in 2005, the world’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/temperature-plateau-is-likely-due-to-warming-of-deep-oceans-16280\">warming\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/what-will-survive-in-hot-acidic-oceans-18027\">acidifying\u003c/a> seas have been invisibly filled with thousands of these bobbing instruments. They are gathering and transmitting data that’s providing scientists with the clearest-ever pictures of the hitherto-unfathomed extent of ocean warming. About 90 percent of global warming is ending up not on land, but in the oceans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research published Sunday concluded that the upper 2,300 feet of the Southern Hemisphere’s oceans may have warmed twice as quickly after 1970 than had previously been thought. Gathering reliable ocean data in the Southern Hemisphere has historically been a challenge, given its remoteness and its relative paucity of commercial shipping, which helps gather ocean data. Argo floats and satellites are now helping to plug Austral ocean data gaps, and improving the accuracy of Northern Hemisphere measurements and estimates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Argo data is really critical,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www-pcmdi.llnl.gov/about/staff/Durack/\">Paul Durack\u003c/a>, a Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory researcher who led the new study, which was published in \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nclimate/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nclimate2389.html\">Nature Climate Change\u003c/a>. “The estimates that we had up until now have been pretty systematically underestimating the likely changes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Durack and Lawrence Livermore colleagues worked with a Jet Propulsion Laboratory scientist to compare ocean observations with ocean models. They concluded that the upper levels of the planet’s oceans — those of the northern and southern hemispheres combined — had been warming during several decades prior to 2005 at rates that were 24 to 58 percent faster than had previously been realized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That rapid ocean warming has consequences for the Earth’s climate and its shorelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We continue to be stunned at how rapidly the ocean is warming,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www-pord.ucsd.edu/~sgille/\">Sarah Gille\u003c/a>, a Scripps Institution of Oceanography professor. Gille was not involved with this paper, nor was she involved with a similar one published Sunday that examined the role of ocean warming in rising sea levels. She described both of them as “tremendously interesting” studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if we stopped all greenhouse gas emissions today, we’d still have an ocean that is warmer than the ocean of 1950, and that heat commits us to a warmer climate,” Gille said. “Extra heat means extra sea level rise, since warmer water is less dense, so a warmer ocean expands.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ocean warming is exacerbating flooding caused by the melting of glaciers and other ice. Seas have risen 8 inches since the industrial revolution, and they continue to rise at a hastening pace, worsening floods and boosting storm surges near shorelines around the world. Another 2 to 7 feet of sea level rise is \u003ca href=\"http://sealevel.climatecentral.org/\">forecast this century\u003c/a>, jeoparizing the homes and neighborhoods of the 5 million Americans who live less than 4 feet above high tide, as well as those of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/24/upshot/flooding-risk-from-climate-change-country-by-country.html?rref=upshot&abt=0002&abg=0&_r=0\">hundreds of millions\u003c/a> living along coastlines in other countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other ocean temperature study, also published Sunday in \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nclimate/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nclimate2387.html\">Nature Climate Change\u003c/a>, used Argo and other data to tentatively conclude that all of the ocean warming from 2005 to 2013 had occurred above depths of 6,500 feet. During the same period, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory scientists who wrote the paper concluded, the expansion of those warming waters caused a third of the planet’s 2.8 millimeters of annual sea-level rise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunday’s papers joined more than 1,000 others \u003ca href=\"http://www.argo.ucsd.edu/Bibliography.html\">published so far\u003c/a> that have used Argo float data to improve science’s understanding of waterways that are climatically influential but difficult to measure manually. “This research covers a very broad range of topics including ocean circulation, water mass formation and spreading, mesoscale eddies, interannual variability such as El Niño, decadal variability, and multi-decadal climate change,” said Scripps Institution of Oceanography professor \u003ca href=\"http://scrippsscholars.ucsd.edu/droemmich/biocv\">Dean Roemmich\u003c/a>, who was in New Zealand last week preparing Argo floats for deployment by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.vesselfinder.com/?mmsi=512119000\">RV Kaharoa’s crew\u003c/a>. “The program has revolutionized large-scale physical oceanography.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.csiro.au/Organisation-Structure/Divisions/Marine--Atmospheric-Research/SteveRintoul.aspx\">Steve Rintoul\u003c/a>, a researcher at Australia’s Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, or CSIRO, said findings of ocean warming above 6,500 feet in the Jet Propulsion Lab’s study \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/atlantic-holds-key-to-global-warming-hiatus-17930\">explain the recent slowdown\u003c/a> in warming at the Earth’s surface, which is sometimes called \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/new-study-ties-global-warming-hiatus-to-a-pacific-cooldown-16405\">global warming hiatus\u003c/a>, or warming pause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“An important result of this paper is the demonstration that the oceans have continued to warm over the past decade, at a rate consistent with estimates of Earth’s net energy imbalance,” Rintoul said. “While the rate of increase in surface air temperatures slowed in the last 10 to 15 years, the heat stored by the planet, which is heavily dominated by the oceans, has steadily increased as greenhouse gases have continued to rise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That extra heat isn’t expected to swim with the fishes forever. Some of it will eventually rise from the deep, raising temperatures in places that more directly affect us landlubbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just how rapidly the oceanic heat will resurface to warm the land is “something that we struggle with,” said Scripps’s Gille. But she said heat is constantly shifting between oceans and the atmosphere. “A warmer ocean will mean a warmer atmosphere.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By John Upton\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/oceans-getting-hotter-than-anybody-realized-18139\">Climate Central\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_22313\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 685px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/assets-climatecentral-org-images-uploads-news-10_3_14_John_ArgoFloats-685x390.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/assets-climatecentral-org-images-uploads-news-10_3_14_John_ArgoFloats-685x390.jpg\" alt=\"An Argo float. (Alicia Navidad/CSIRO) \" width=\"685\" height=\"389\" class=\"size-full wp-image-22313\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An Argo float. (Alicia Navidad/CSIRO)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.niwa.co.nz/vessels/kaharoa\">RV Kaharoa\u003c/a> motored out of Wellington, New Zealand on Saturday, loaded with more than 100 scientific instruments, each eventually destined for a watery grave. Crewmembers will spend the next two months dropping the 50-pound devices, called \u003ca href=\"http://www.argo.ucsd.edu/index.html\">Argo floats\u003c/a>, into the seas between New Zealand and Mauritius, off the coast of Madagascar. There, the instruments will sink and drift, then measure temperature, salinity and pressure as they resurface to beam the data to a satellite. The battery-powered floats will repeat that process every 10 days — until they conk out, after four years or more, and become ocean junk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under an international program begun in 2000, and that started producing useful global data in 2005, the world’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/temperature-plateau-is-likely-due-to-warming-of-deep-oceans-16280\">warming\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/what-will-survive-in-hot-acidic-oceans-18027\">acidifying\u003c/a> seas have been invisibly filled with thousands of these bobbing instruments. They are gathering and transmitting data that’s providing scientists with the clearest-ever pictures of the hitherto-unfathomed extent of ocean warming. About 90 percent of global warming is ending up not on land, but in the oceans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research published Sunday concluded that the upper 2,300 feet of the Southern Hemisphere’s oceans may have warmed twice as quickly after 1970 than had previously been thought. Gathering reliable ocean data in the Southern Hemisphere has historically been a challenge, given its remoteness and its relative paucity of commercial shipping, which helps gather ocean data. Argo floats and satellites are now helping to plug Austral ocean data gaps, and improving the accuracy of Northern Hemisphere measurements and estimates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Argo data is really critical,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www-pcmdi.llnl.gov/about/staff/Durack/\">Paul Durack\u003c/a>, a Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory researcher who led the new study, which was published in \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nclimate/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nclimate2389.html\">Nature Climate Change\u003c/a>. “The estimates that we had up until now have been pretty systematically underestimating the likely changes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Durack and Lawrence Livermore colleagues worked with a Jet Propulsion Laboratory scientist to compare ocean observations with ocean models. They concluded that the upper levels of the planet’s oceans — those of the northern and southern hemispheres combined — had been warming during several decades prior to 2005 at rates that were 24 to 58 percent faster than had previously been realized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That rapid ocean warming has consequences for the Earth’s climate and its shorelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We continue to be stunned at how rapidly the ocean is warming,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www-pord.ucsd.edu/~sgille/\">Sarah Gille\u003c/a>, a Scripps Institution of Oceanography professor. Gille was not involved with this paper, nor was she involved with a similar one published Sunday that examined the role of ocean warming in rising sea levels. She described both of them as “tremendously interesting” studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if we stopped all greenhouse gas emissions today, we’d still have an ocean that is warmer than the ocean of 1950, and that heat commits us to a warmer climate,” Gille said. “Extra heat means extra sea level rise, since warmer water is less dense, so a warmer ocean expands.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ocean warming is exacerbating flooding caused by the melting of glaciers and other ice. Seas have risen 8 inches since the industrial revolution, and they continue to rise at a hastening pace, worsening floods and boosting storm surges near shorelines around the world. Another 2 to 7 feet of sea level rise is \u003ca href=\"http://sealevel.climatecentral.org/\">forecast this century\u003c/a>, jeoparizing the homes and neighborhoods of the 5 million Americans who live less than 4 feet above high tide, as well as those of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/24/upshot/flooding-risk-from-climate-change-country-by-country.html?rref=upshot&abt=0002&abg=0&_r=0\">hundreds of millions\u003c/a> living along coastlines in other countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other ocean temperature study, also published Sunday in \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nclimate/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nclimate2387.html\">Nature Climate Change\u003c/a>, used Argo and other data to tentatively conclude that all of the ocean warming from 2005 to 2013 had occurred above depths of 6,500 feet. During the same period, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory scientists who wrote the paper concluded, the expansion of those warming waters caused a third of the planet’s 2.8 millimeters of annual sea-level rise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunday’s papers joined more than 1,000 others \u003ca href=\"http://www.argo.ucsd.edu/Bibliography.html\">published so far\u003c/a> that have used Argo float data to improve science’s understanding of waterways that are climatically influential but difficult to measure manually. “This research covers a very broad range of topics including ocean circulation, water mass formation and spreading, mesoscale eddies, interannual variability such as El Niño, decadal variability, and multi-decadal climate change,” said Scripps Institution of Oceanography professor \u003ca href=\"http://scrippsscholars.ucsd.edu/droemmich/biocv\">Dean Roemmich\u003c/a>, who was in New Zealand last week preparing Argo floats for deployment by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.vesselfinder.com/?mmsi=512119000\">RV Kaharoa’s crew\u003c/a>. “The program has revolutionized large-scale physical oceanography.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.csiro.au/Organisation-Structure/Divisions/Marine--Atmospheric-Research/SteveRintoul.aspx\">Steve Rintoul\u003c/a>, a researcher at Australia’s Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, or CSIRO, said findings of ocean warming above 6,500 feet in the Jet Propulsion Lab’s study \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/atlantic-holds-key-to-global-warming-hiatus-17930\">explain the recent slowdown\u003c/a> in warming at the Earth’s surface, which is sometimes called \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/new-study-ties-global-warming-hiatus-to-a-pacific-cooldown-16405\">global warming hiatus\u003c/a>, or warming pause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“An important result of this paper is the demonstration that the oceans have continued to warm over the past decade, at a rate consistent with estimates of Earth’s net energy imbalance,” Rintoul said. “While the rate of increase in surface air temperatures slowed in the last 10 to 15 years, the heat stored by the planet, which is heavily dominated by the oceans, has steadily increased as greenhouse gases have continued to rise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That extra heat isn’t expected to swim with the fishes forever. Some of it will eventually rise from the deep, raising temperatures in places that more directly affect us landlubbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just how rapidly the oceanic heat will resurface to warm the land is “something that we struggle with,” said Scripps’s Gille. But she said heat is constantly shifting between oceans and the atmosphere. “A warmer ocean will mean a warmer atmosphere.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Jerry Brown on Carbon's 'Dark Shadow of Toxicity' at Climate Summit",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_121939\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 343px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-121939\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/12/RS7953_185719392-scr-640x422.jpg\" alt=\"Gov. Jerry Brown (Jim Watson/AFP/Getty Images)\" width=\"343\" height=\"226\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gov. Jerry Brown (Jim Watson/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Speaking at the U.N. Climate Summit in New York Tuesday, Gov. Jerry Brown said California is ahead of the pack when it comes to lowering greenhouse gases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the U.N. Private Sector Forum, Brown cited laws requiring more alternative energy sources, more electric vehicles and better insulation in buildings. He also acknowledged that the centerpiece of California's climate change efforts -- a cap-and-trade market mandating permits for pollution -- has come under political fire. Energy companies are warning cap-and-trade will lead to higher gasoline costs next year. But Brown said so far so good when it comes to gas prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Luckily the price of oil has been coming down ever since those ads went on the air just a month or so ago,\" he said. \"So somebody’s watching over California.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, state officials have acknowledged gas prices will likely go up -- possibly by more than a dime a gallon -- when the cap-and-trade program expands to cover transportation fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown also said that while carbon has led to \"progress and prosperity,\" that progress \"now has the dark shadow of the toxicity of carbon itself. The pollution, the smog, the health effects, the rising sea level -- in California, the forest fires which are now burning for more days than historically was ever imaginable -- it's real, it's here and we've got to put a price on carbon.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bloomberg News today takes a \u003ca href=\"http://www.businessweek.com/news/2014-09-24/brown-says-global-lead-on-zero-emissions-beating-forecast\" target=\"_blank\">further look at California's leadership on climate change\u003c/a>, including the proliferation of electric vehicles, reporting that 40 percent of plug-in electric vehicle sales occur in California. For more, check out\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/category/climate/\" target=\"_blank\"> KQED Science's climate coverage\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are Brown's full remarks:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The California story is a very hopeful one. It's a story of Republican and Democratic governors pioneering innovative climate strategies. It's not been easy, it's not without contest, but we're making real progress. In fact, the people themselves have been involved when those who oppose carbon pricing put the measure to a popular referendum. And in that vote just a few years ago, the people voted overwhelmingly to stay the course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, what do we have? Well, we've got a goal to have one-third of our electricity sector renewable by 2020. We're at 23 percent today and we will make it probably in the next three or four years, and then we'll go beyond that. We have a goal of a million electric cars - we have 100,000 on the roads today - and we have the toughest vehicle emission standards anywhere in the country. In fact, the country now has adopted the California standard. And I want to point out that that standard was developed under a special prerogative given to California when Ronald Reagan was governor and Richard Nixon was president. Our climate law was enacted by my Republican predecessor Arnold Schwarzenegger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, the efforts that we're making in California don't derive from one party or one politician - they're the work of activists, business people and elected representatives. We also, over the last 30 years, have developed the toughest building standards anywhere in the country, which have saved California literally tens of billions of dollars in avoided energy costs. Same thing with appliance standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, now the great challenge is to stay the course. Even today, as we speak, there are advertisements being purchased on the airwaves of California in an attempt to persuade the people that cap-and-trade should somehow go away. That it's going to raise the price of oil. Luckily the price of oil has been coming down ever since those ads went on the air just a month or so ago. So, somebody's watching over California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carbon really has been at the basis of the incredible progress and prosperity and affluence that so many people enjoy. But that progress now has the dark shadow of the toxicity of carbon itself. The pollution, the smog, the health effects, the rising sea level - in California, the forest fires which are now burning for more days than historically was ever imaginable - it's real, it's here and we've got to put a price on carbon. Which we have, we have a $13 price on carbon and our cap-and-trade system covers 85 percent of greenhouse gases. And yet, California is expected to outproduce - in terms of GDP, California is looking forward to very solid growth, higher than the national level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So you can do carbon pricing, you can do renewable energy, you can do building standards and you can get it done and you can still have a very vibrant economy. So that's what we have and I want to thank all of you here today because this is a heroic challenge that we have to face. And this is probably the greatest assemblage of committed people to get it done. So, I think we're on the right path. Thank you.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem> Jon Brooks contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_121939\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 343px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-121939\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2013/12/RS7953_185719392-scr-640x422.jpg\" alt=\"Gov. Jerry Brown (Jim Watson/AFP/Getty Images)\" width=\"343\" height=\"226\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gov. Jerry Brown (Jim Watson/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Speaking at the U.N. Climate Summit in New York Tuesday, Gov. Jerry Brown said California is ahead of the pack when it comes to lowering greenhouse gases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the U.N. Private Sector Forum, Brown cited laws requiring more alternative energy sources, more electric vehicles and better insulation in buildings. He also acknowledged that the centerpiece of California's climate change efforts -- a cap-and-trade market mandating permits for pollution -- has come under political fire. Energy companies are warning cap-and-trade will lead to higher gasoline costs next year. But Brown said so far so good when it comes to gas prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Luckily the price of oil has been coming down ever since those ads went on the air just a month or so ago,\" he said. \"So somebody’s watching over California.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, state officials have acknowledged gas prices will likely go up -- possibly by more than a dime a gallon -- when the cap-and-trade program expands to cover transportation fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown also said that while carbon has led to \"progress and prosperity,\" that progress \"now has the dark shadow of the toxicity of carbon itself. The pollution, the smog, the health effects, the rising sea level -- in California, the forest fires which are now burning for more days than historically was ever imaginable -- it's real, it's here and we've got to put a price on carbon.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bloomberg News today takes a \u003ca href=\"http://www.businessweek.com/news/2014-09-24/brown-says-global-lead-on-zero-emissions-beating-forecast\" target=\"_blank\">further look at California's leadership on climate change\u003c/a>, including the proliferation of electric vehicles, reporting that 40 percent of plug-in electric vehicle sales occur in California. For more, check out\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/category/climate/\" target=\"_blank\"> KQED Science's climate coverage\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are Brown's full remarks:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The California story is a very hopeful one. It's a story of Republican and Democratic governors pioneering innovative climate strategies. It's not been easy, it's not without contest, but we're making real progress. In fact, the people themselves have been involved when those who oppose carbon pricing put the measure to a popular referendum. And in that vote just a few years ago, the people voted overwhelmingly to stay the course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, what do we have? Well, we've got a goal to have one-third of our electricity sector renewable by 2020. We're at 23 percent today and we will make it probably in the next three or four years, and then we'll go beyond that. We have a goal of a million electric cars - we have 100,000 on the roads today - and we have the toughest vehicle emission standards anywhere in the country. In fact, the country now has adopted the California standard. And I want to point out that that standard was developed under a special prerogative given to California when Ronald Reagan was governor and Richard Nixon was president. Our climate law was enacted by my Republican predecessor Arnold Schwarzenegger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, the efforts that we're making in California don't derive from one party or one politician - they're the work of activists, business people and elected representatives. We also, over the last 30 years, have developed the toughest building standards anywhere in the country, which have saved California literally tens of billions of dollars in avoided energy costs. Same thing with appliance standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, now the great challenge is to stay the course. Even today, as we speak, there are advertisements being purchased on the airwaves of California in an attempt to persuade the people that cap-and-trade should somehow go away. That it's going to raise the price of oil. Luckily the price of oil has been coming down ever since those ads went on the air just a month or so ago. So, somebody's watching over California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carbon really has been at the basis of the incredible progress and prosperity and affluence that so many people enjoy. But that progress now has the dark shadow of the toxicity of carbon itself. The pollution, the smog, the health effects, the rising sea level - in California, the forest fires which are now burning for more days than historically was ever imaginable - it's real, it's here and we've got to put a price on carbon. Which we have, we have a $13 price on carbon and our cap-and-trade system covers 85 percent of greenhouse gases. And yet, California is expected to outproduce - in terms of GDP, California is looking forward to very solid growth, higher than the national level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So you can do carbon pricing, you can do renewable energy, you can do building standards and you can get it done and you can still have a very vibrant economy. So that's what we have and I want to thank all of you here today because this is a heroic challenge that we have to face. And this is probably the greatest assemblage of committed people to get it done. So, I think we're on the right path. Thank you.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem> Jon Brooks contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Brown, Bay Area Activists in NYC for U.N. Climate Summit",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Isaac Silk\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148319\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/09/22/-climate-change-summit-update/peoples-climate-march/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-148319\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148319\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12132_455871482-1-640x426.jpg\" alt=\" People protest for greater action against climate change during the People's Climate March on September 21, 2014 in New York City. The march, which calls for drastic political and economic changes to slow global warming, has been organized by a coalition of unions, activists, politicians and scientists. (Andrew Burton/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12132_455871482-1-640x426.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12132_455871482-1-1028x685.jpg 1028w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People protest for greater action against climate change during the People's Climate March on Sept. 21, 2014 in New York City. (Andrew Burton/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of thousands of climate change protesters, including a large delegation of Californians, descended on New York this past weekend ahead of the United Nations Climate Summit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some arrived aboard the People’s Climate Train, which left from Emeryville on Sept. 15. One is Sister Ayya Santussika, a Buddhist nun who practices in Mountain View, who attended several interfaith gatherings while in New York:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Of course climate is at the nucleus of [the gatherings] because it's affecting every one of us and everything. But the power of coming together as people of different faiths and speaking about this as a moral issue. ... I think this is powerful.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>El Cerrito resident Zia Grossman-Vendrillo was also in attendance at the People's Climate March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I'm not sure the U.N. can have real power.” said Grossman-Vendrillo, “I want them to bring about dramatic change, but feel a lack of belief that they will be able to do anything. The corporations are too powerful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jerry Brown Joins the Party\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown is also in New York and is scheduled to speak before the Climate Summit on Tuesday. He is expected to tout California’s efforts to fight climate change and to urge the international community to use the state’s actions as a policy model.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.worldbank.org/climatechange/gov-brown-co2-emissions-already-carry-cost-public-health-economy-climate\">video message\u003c/a> recorded ahead of the U.N, summit, Brown spoke of climate change as an existential challenge that requires immediate action. “Carbon pollution kills,” said Brown. “It undermines our environment, and, [in the] long term, it’s an economic loser.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has long been a leader on climate change issues. In 2002, then-Gov. Gray Davis signed the first state bill to regulate greenhouse gas emissions from passenger vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger signed AB32 in 2006, requiring California to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels by 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And on Sunday, Brown signed a batch of \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/politics/la-me-pol-brown-electric-cars-20140922-story.html\">bills\u003c/a> aimed at upping the number of zero-emission cars in California, speeding up the permitting process for rooftop solar panels and developing a strategy to deal with various climate pollutants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown argued that regulating climate change has not hindered the growth of the Californian economy. However, business groups and the Republican candidate for governor, Neel Kashkari, are raising concerns about an increase in gasoline prices set to kick in this January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The so-called \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_26578978/hidden-gas-tax\">hidden gas tax\u003c/a> comes as part of the ongoing rollout of California’s cap-and-trade program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the opposition, California continues to pass legislation to reduce carbon emissions. The protesters in New York are pressing the international community to do the same.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Isaac Silk\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_148319\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/09/22/-climate-change-summit-update/peoples-climate-march/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-148319\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-148319\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12132_455871482-1-640x426.jpg\" alt=\" People protest for greater action against climate change during the People's Climate March on September 21, 2014 in New York City. The march, which calls for drastic political and economic changes to slow global warming, has been organized by a coalition of unions, activists, politicians and scientists. (Andrew Burton/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12132_455871482-1-640x426.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/RS12132_455871482-1-1028x685.jpg 1028w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People protest for greater action against climate change during the People's Climate March on Sept. 21, 2014 in New York City. (Andrew Burton/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of thousands of climate change protesters, including a large delegation of Californians, descended on New York this past weekend ahead of the United Nations Climate Summit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some arrived aboard the People’s Climate Train, which left from Emeryville on Sept. 15. One is Sister Ayya Santussika, a Buddhist nun who practices in Mountain View, who attended several interfaith gatherings while in New York:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Of course climate is at the nucleus of [the gatherings] because it's affecting every one of us and everything. But the power of coming together as people of different faiths and speaking about this as a moral issue. ... I think this is powerful.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>El Cerrito resident Zia Grossman-Vendrillo was also in attendance at the People's Climate March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I'm not sure the U.N. can have real power.” said Grossman-Vendrillo, “I want them to bring about dramatic change, but feel a lack of belief that they will be able to do anything. The corporations are too powerful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jerry Brown Joins the Party\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown is also in New York and is scheduled to speak before the Climate Summit on Tuesday. He is expected to tout California’s efforts to fight climate change and to urge the international community to use the state’s actions as a policy model.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.worldbank.org/climatechange/gov-brown-co2-emissions-already-carry-cost-public-health-economy-climate\">video message\u003c/a> recorded ahead of the U.N, summit, Brown spoke of climate change as an existential challenge that requires immediate action. “Carbon pollution kills,” said Brown. “It undermines our environment, and, [in the] long term, it’s an economic loser.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has long been a leader on climate change issues. In 2002, then-Gov. Gray Davis signed the first state bill to regulate greenhouse gas emissions from passenger vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger signed AB32 in 2006, requiring California to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels by 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And on Sunday, Brown signed a batch of \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/politics/la-me-pol-brown-electric-cars-20140922-story.html\">bills\u003c/a> aimed at upping the number of zero-emission cars in California, speeding up the permitting process for rooftop solar panels and developing a strategy to deal with various climate pollutants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown argued that regulating climate change has not hindered the growth of the Californian economy. However, business groups and the Republican candidate for governor, Neel Kashkari, are raising concerns about an increase in gasoline prices set to kick in this January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The so-called \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_26578978/hidden-gas-tax\">hidden gas tax\u003c/a> comes as part of the ongoing rollout of California’s cap-and-trade program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the opposition, California continues to pass legislation to reduce carbon emissions. The protesters in New York are pressing the international community to do the same.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "PG&E Tests Tech Adapted From NASA's Mars Rover",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_22168\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/PGEMarsTech2-768x1024.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-22168\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/PGEMarsTech2-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Lance Christensen of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory tests the methane sensor he invented. (Courtesy of PG&E)\" width=\"300\" height=\"400\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lance Christensen of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory tests the methane sensor he invented. (Courtesy of PG&E)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pacific Gas and Electric is testing a new device for detecting methane leaks. The sensor is based on a tool that’s mounted on NASA’s Mars Curiosity rover. NASA designed PG&E’s new gadget, too, which the utility says is 1,000 times more sensitive than the hand-held equipment it’s been using to track down leaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sensor is a small, ultra-sensitive device, mounted on the end of a pole, so that it looks a little like a golf club, explains Hailey Wilson, a PG&E spokeswoman. Inspectors can walk around with it, and it will notify them of leaks in real-time. Methane is the main ingredient in natural gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It helps us localize the leaks quicker,” Wilson says. “So it’s not like it’s picking up leaks that we wouldn’t find eventually, but it enables us to find it much more quickly and fix it much more quickly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2010, a PG&E pipeline exploded in San Bruno, killing eight people. The utility faces a \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_26635239/judge-denies-pg-e-request-remove-san-bruno\">federal criminal trial\u003c/a> for violating pipeline safety regulations, and is being \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/09/02/2014/pge-fine-san-bruno-huge-but-less-than-expected/\">fined by the California Public Utilities Commission\u003c/a>. The explosion occurred when an old gas pipeline ruptured. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E currently monitors for natural gas leaks by helicopter, boat, car and foot along its nearly \u003ca href=\"http://www.pge.com/en/safety/systemworks/gas/overview/index.page?\">48,000 miles of pipelines\u003c/a>. The utility has begun using another ultra-sensitive methane detector, which is \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/ci_19855174\">mounted on cars\u003c/a>. While the Picarro car can sweep neighborhoods for leaks, Wilson says, hand-held devices are vital for pinpointing the sources. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a safety component, it makes sure that our system is even safer,” Wilson says. “But there’s actually that green component as well, with making sure that we eliminate as much methane emissions — which is a greenhouse gas — as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Mars, the Curiosity rover is using the tool, called the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/msl/multimedia/webster1.html\">tunable laser spectrometer\u003c/a>, to search for traces of methane in the atmosphere. There, though, the methane wouldn’t signal a leak, but would instead, perhaps, be a sign of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_22170\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1014px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/PGEMarsTech3.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/PGEMarsTech3.jpg\" alt=\"An artist's rendering of the methane gas detector at work on Mars. (NASA/JPL-Caltech)\" width=\"1014\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-full wp-image-22170\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An artist’s rendering of the methane gas detector at work on Mars. (NASA/JPL-Caltech)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Anytime we can go out and find an application that addresses real world problems — in this case one that relates very closely to global climate change and greenhouse gas concentrations — NASA is very supportive,” says Andrew Aubrey of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Lab in Pasadena. “So in this particular instance, it’s a Mars technology that we are translating to the needs of the oil and gas industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, PG&E is testing a prototype of the sensor. The company is planning to deploy more of them in the field in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_22168\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/PGEMarsTech2-768x1024.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-22168\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/PGEMarsTech2-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Lance Christensen of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory tests the methane sensor he invented. (Courtesy of PG&E)\" width=\"300\" height=\"400\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lance Christensen of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory tests the methane sensor he invented. (Courtesy of PG&E)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pacific Gas and Electric is testing a new device for detecting methane leaks. The sensor is based on a tool that’s mounted on NASA’s Mars Curiosity rover. NASA designed PG&E’s new gadget, too, which the utility says is 1,000 times more sensitive than the hand-held equipment it’s been using to track down leaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sensor is a small, ultra-sensitive device, mounted on the end of a pole, so that it looks a little like a golf club, explains Hailey Wilson, a PG&E spokeswoman. Inspectors can walk around with it, and it will notify them of leaks in real-time. Methane is the main ingredient in natural gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It helps us localize the leaks quicker,” Wilson says. “So it’s not like it’s picking up leaks that we wouldn’t find eventually, but it enables us to find it much more quickly and fix it much more quickly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2010, a PG&E pipeline exploded in San Bruno, killing eight people. The utility faces a \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_26635239/judge-denies-pg-e-request-remove-san-bruno\">federal criminal trial\u003c/a> for violating pipeline safety regulations, and is being \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/09/02/2014/pge-fine-san-bruno-huge-but-less-than-expected/\">fined by the California Public Utilities Commission\u003c/a>. The explosion occurred when an old gas pipeline ruptured. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E currently monitors for natural gas leaks by helicopter, boat, car and foot along its nearly \u003ca href=\"http://www.pge.com/en/safety/systemworks/gas/overview/index.page?\">48,000 miles of pipelines\u003c/a>. The utility has begun using another ultra-sensitive methane detector, which is \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/ci_19855174\">mounted on cars\u003c/a>. While the Picarro car can sweep neighborhoods for leaks, Wilson says, hand-held devices are vital for pinpointing the sources. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a safety component, it makes sure that our system is even safer,” Wilson says. “But there’s actually that green component as well, with making sure that we eliminate as much methane emissions — which is a greenhouse gas — as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Mars, the Curiosity rover is using the tool, called the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/msl/multimedia/webster1.html\">tunable laser spectrometer\u003c/a>, to search for traces of methane in the atmosphere. There, though, the methane wouldn’t signal a leak, but would instead, perhaps, be a sign of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_22170\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1014px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/PGEMarsTech3.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/10/PGEMarsTech3.jpg\" alt=\"An artist's rendering of the methane gas detector at work on Mars. (NASA/JPL-Caltech)\" width=\"1014\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-full wp-image-22170\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An artist’s rendering of the methane gas detector at work on Mars. (NASA/JPL-Caltech)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Anytime we can go out and find an application that addresses real world problems — in this case one that relates very closely to global climate change and greenhouse gas concentrations — NASA is very supportive,” says Andrew Aubrey of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Lab in Pasadena. “So in this particular instance, it’s a Mars technology that we are translating to the needs of the oil and gas industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, PG&E is testing a prototype of the sensor. The company is planning to deploy more of them in the field in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California's 'Water Year' Ends as Third Driest on Record",
"headTitle": "California’s ‘Water Year’ Ends as Third Driest on Record | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_22139\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 850px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/RS8907_Drought_JoshC-4427-scr.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-22139\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/RS8907_Drought_JoshC-4427-scr.jpg\" alt=\"At the end of the water year, San Luis Reservoir is at less than a quarter of its capacity. (Josh Cassidy/KQED) \" width=\"850\" height=\"567\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At the end of the water year, San Luis Reservoir is at less than a quarter of its capacity. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tuesday is “New Year’s Eve” for water managers in California, but they aren’t celebrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the end of the state’s official “water year,” kind of a fiscal year for the water budget. Officials watch water years more closely than calendar years because they run from October to September, centered around the months in which California gets virtually all of its rainfall. And this one appears to be clocking in as the third driest on record, according to state climatologist Mike Anderson, with less than 60 percent of normal precipitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measured by total precipitation within those months, the driest water year on record was 1924. Clocking in second was 1977, toward the end of California’s last epic drought, when one of the state’s \u003ca title=\"DWR - reservoir levels\" href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cdecapp/resapp/getResGraphsMain.action\">principal reservoirs\u003c/a>, Lake Oroville on the Feather River, dropped to its all-time low of 26 percent of capacity. The lake’s current level is hovering just barely above that at 30 percent (less than half its historical average). But as state water officials are keen to point out in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.water.ca.gov/news/newsreleases/2014/092914drywateryear.pdf\">press release\u003c/a>, the state’s population in those years was a fraction of what it is today:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“…on September 1, the state’s major reservoirs collectively held only 57 percent of average storage for the date, or about 36 percent of capacity. Cumulative reservoir storage in 1977, to date California’s driest year on record, was approximately five million acre-feet less than today but the state in that year had millions fewer people.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>If you’re counting calendar years, 2013 was the driest on record and the outlook for 2014 isn’t much better, despite the early showers that have passed through already this fall. Those rains helped put a damper on wildfires but weren’t nearly enough to put a dent in the drought. \u003ca title=\"Q-Sci - post\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/08/07/el-nino-fizzle-no-relief-likely-for-california-drought/\">Early hopes\u003c/a> for drought-busting El Niño conditions in the Pacific Ocean have waned. It \u003ca title=\"Q-Sci - post\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/drought-myth-busting-why-el-nino-wont-save-california/\">takes a mighty El Niño\u003c/a> to really soak Northern California. Federal climate forecasters say the odds favor only a pipsqueak El Niño this fall and winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state also tracks a “precipitation year,” which runs July through June, in which the one ended June 30 was the second driest on record. California typically gets half its precipitation in the three months between December and February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anderson says it would take something in the range of 150 percent of normal precipitation for the year ahead to be a drought buster, and the forecast models are sending mixed messages. “Right now there’s no definitive signal, where the ocean or atmosphere are telling us to lean one way or the other,” he says, with an audible sigh. “It’s just a lot of uncertainty.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The immediate certainty is that day-to-day conservation — wise, sparing use of water — is essential as we face the possibility of a fourth dry winter,” DWR director Mark Cowin said in a release. The web is rife with water-saving tips, including the state’s \u003ca title=\"Save our Water - main\" href=\"http://saveourwater.com/\">official conservation site\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_22139\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 850px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/RS8907_Drought_JoshC-4427-scr.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-22139\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/RS8907_Drought_JoshC-4427-scr.jpg\" alt=\"At the end of the water year, San Luis Reservoir is at less than a quarter of its capacity. (Josh Cassidy/KQED) \" width=\"850\" height=\"567\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At the end of the water year, San Luis Reservoir is at less than a quarter of its capacity. (Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tuesday is “New Year’s Eve” for water managers in California, but they aren’t celebrating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the end of the state’s official “water year,” kind of a fiscal year for the water budget. Officials watch water years more closely than calendar years because they run from October to September, centered around the months in which California gets virtually all of its rainfall. And this one appears to be clocking in as the third driest on record, according to state climatologist Mike Anderson, with less than 60 percent of normal precipitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measured by total precipitation within those months, the driest water year on record was 1924. Clocking in second was 1977, toward the end of California’s last epic drought, when one of the state’s \u003ca title=\"DWR - reservoir levels\" href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cdecapp/resapp/getResGraphsMain.action\">principal reservoirs\u003c/a>, Lake Oroville on the Feather River, dropped to its all-time low of 26 percent of capacity. The lake’s current level is hovering just barely above that at 30 percent (less than half its historical average). But as state water officials are keen to point out in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.water.ca.gov/news/newsreleases/2014/092914drywateryear.pdf\">press release\u003c/a>, the state’s population in those years was a fraction of what it is today:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“…on September 1, the state’s major reservoirs collectively held only 57 percent of average storage for the date, or about 36 percent of capacity. Cumulative reservoir storage in 1977, to date California’s driest year on record, was approximately five million acre-feet less than today but the state in that year had millions fewer people.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>If you’re counting calendar years, 2013 was the driest on record and the outlook for 2014 isn’t much better, despite the early showers that have passed through already this fall. Those rains helped put a damper on wildfires but weren’t nearly enough to put a dent in the drought. \u003ca title=\"Q-Sci - post\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/08/07/el-nino-fizzle-no-relief-likely-for-california-drought/\">Early hopes\u003c/a> for drought-busting El Niño conditions in the Pacific Ocean have waned. It \u003ca title=\"Q-Sci - post\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/audio/drought-myth-busting-why-el-nino-wont-save-california/\">takes a mighty El Niño\u003c/a> to really soak Northern California. Federal climate forecasters say the odds favor only a pipsqueak El Niño this fall and winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state also tracks a “precipitation year,” which runs July through June, in which the one ended June 30 was the second driest on record. California typically gets half its precipitation in the three months between December and February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anderson says it would take something in the range of 150 percent of normal precipitation for the year ahead to be a drought buster, and the forecast models are sending mixed messages. “Right now there’s no definitive signal, where the ocean or atmosphere are telling us to lean one way or the other,” he says, with an audible sigh. “It’s just a lot of uncertainty.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The immediate certainty is that day-to-day conservation — wise, sparing use of water — is essential as we face the possibility of a fourth dry winter,” DWR director Mark Cowin said in a release. The web is rife with water-saving tips, including the state’s \u003ca title=\"Save our Water - main\" href=\"http://saveourwater.com/\">official conservation site\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_22108\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 850px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/RS8413_reservoir-full-scr.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-22108\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/09/RS8413_reservoir-full-scr.jpg\" alt=\"A security guard walks the perimeter of the Almaden Reservoir on January 28, 2014 in San Jose, California. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\" width=\"850\" height=\"533\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A security guard walks the perimeter of the Almaden Reservoir on January 28, 2014 in San Jose, California. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Climate change is making the weather pattern that’s responsible for California’s drought more likely, according to a new study from Stanford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The phenomenon, known as the “\u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/science/ci_24904396/california-drought-whats-causing-it\">ridiculously resilient ridge\u003c/a>,” is a huge, hard bubble of high pressure air parked in the Pacific Ocean. In the rainy season, it pushes storms that could’ve been headed to California up north, to Canada. High pressure ridges that cause California to dry out happen naturally — there have been plenty of long droughts in the past — but climate change is likely to make them more frequent, according to the study published Monday in the \u003ca href=\"http://www2.ametsoc.org/ams/assets/File/publications/BAMS_EEE_2013_Full_Report.pdf\">\u003cem>Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. Swain’s study was published as part of a collection of papers that focused on the links between climate change and extreme weather events. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nobody’s saying this event (California’s drought) was caused by climate change, period,” said Daniel Swain, a grad student at Stanford and lead author of the paper. (He also \u003ca href=\"http://www.weatherwest.com/archives/tag/ridiculously-resilient-ridge\">coined the term “ridiculously resilient ridge.”\u003c/a>) “The question that is being asked — and really can be asked — is, ‘Has the risk of an event like this changed due to climate change?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The answer, he says, is yes. It’s three times more likely, according to computer models, than if humans weren’t releasing greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Swain said there are a number of things that can cause high pressure regions; often they’re tied to the oceans, but he wasn’t looking at the ultimate cause, just at the likelihood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That approach has limitations, said Bill Patzert, a climatologist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Lab. “The state of the art projections by many of these climate models, we have to remember they’re experimental. They’re getting better and better, but at this point, you definitely don’t want to invest your 401(k) in any of these climate models because many of them are in their infancy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swain’s study was published as part of a collection focused on the links between climate change and extreme weather events. Two of the other studies also examined the California drought. One found that fewer Pacific storms are likely to reach California, but that increased humidity means that the ones that do reach California will be wetter. The other examined if increases in sea surface temperatures caused by global warming are responsible for the California drought. It did not find a link between the two. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With regard to climate model research, Patzert said he’s worried that it misses what he says are more immediate concerns: development and population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Global warming is the real deal. It’s serious, it’s irreversible and it’s going to be punishing as we look out into the 21\u003csup>st\u003c/sup> century,” he said. But “the model doesn’t tell you that you’re using too much water in your yard and that farmers are growing too much almonds and too much rice. It doesn’t tell you that, but those are the real issues in the next two decades, not global warming. These reports never deal with that, and that’s the human factor and the population factor.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swain’s study was published as part of a collection focused on the links between climate change and extreme weather events. Two of the other studies also examined the California drought. One found that fewer Pacific storms are likely to reach California, but that increased humidity means that the ones that do reach California will be wetter. The other examined if increases in sea surface temperatures caused by global warming are responsible for the California drought. It did not find a link between the two. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With regard to climate model research, Patzert said he’s worried that it misses what he says are more immediate concerns: development and population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Global warming is the real deal. It’s serious, it’s irreversible and it’s going to be punishing as we look out into the 21\u003csup>st\u003c/sup> century,” he said. But “the model doesn’t tell you that you’re using too much water in your yard and that farmers are growing too much almonds and too much rice. It doesn’t tell you that, but those are the real issues in the next two decades, not global warming. These reports never deal with that, and that’s the human factor and the population factor.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>It has been nearly two years since Hurricane Sandy crashed ashore in New Jersey, devastating cities throughout the region. As cities and towns along the coast consider how to prepare for future weather patterns, and avert the kind of damage that happened in 2012, a two-pronged response has emerged — \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/story/2014/09/26/144223/nj_braces_for_future_disasters_by_fleeing_and_fortifying_the?source=npr&category=science\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" class=\"rssmi_more\">…Read More\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Source: \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/story/2014/09/26/144223/nj_braces_for_future_disasters_by_fleeing_and_fortifying_the?source=npr&category=science\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"N.J. Braces For Future Disasters By Fleeing, And Fortifying, The Coast\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">NPR Science – ingested into KQED\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "\u003cp>It has been nearly two years since Hurricane Sandy crashed ashore in New Jersey, devastating cities throughout the region. As cities and towns along the coast consider how to prepare for future weather patterns, and avert the kind of damage that happened in 2012, a two-pronged response has emerged — \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/news/story/2014/09/26/144223/nj_braces_for_future_disasters_by_fleeing_and_fortifying_the?source=npr&category=science\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" class=\"rssmi_more\">...Read More\u003c/a>",
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"disqusTitle": "Eight Great Multimedia Resources for Teaching about Climate Change",
"title": "Eight Great Multimedia Resources for Teaching about Climate Change",
"headTitle": "The Lowdown | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1-qd8YCaoQ4&feature=youtu.be\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Obama joined leaders and diplomats from more than 190 countries who convened in Paris today to kick off a two week effort towards negotiating an international climate change agreement. \u003c!--more-->The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/en/\" target=\"_blank\">United Nations' sponsored event\u003c/a>, the largest gathering of world leaders in history, is an urgent, sweeping attempt to reduce global carbon emissions and stave off the worst consequences of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2015 is on track to be the warmest year on record. In fact, nearly all of the warmest years on record \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/gallery/graphics/10-warmest-years-globally\" target=\"_blank\">have occurred\u003c/a> since 2000. During that time, the frequency of extreme weather events -- from droughts and floods, to hurricanes and freezes -- have also risen significantly. The vast majority of scientists agree that these changes largely stem from a rapid increase in greenhouse gas emissions, primarily from the burning of fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the greatest inequity of the crisis is that those least responsible for contributing to climate change -- people of the world's poorest nations -- will likely continue to be the most adversely impacted by its consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Explore the issue in greater depth with these excellent interactive resources from around the web. Additionally, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/education/e-books/\" target=\"_blank\">click here\u003c/a> to download a series of KQED Science Education e-Books on the science of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Climate 101\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>A good short explainer on the basic science of climate change, narrated by celebrity scientist Bill Nye (\"the Science Guy\") and produced by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.climaterealityproject.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Climate Reality\u003c/a> project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/3v-w8Cyfoq8\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Climate map: the global culprits and victims\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.carbonmap.org/\" target=\"_blank\">The Carbon Map\u003c/a> was created by Duncan Clark and Robin Houston from the design firm \u003ca href=\"http://www.kiln.it/\" target=\"_blank\">KILN\u003c/a> as an entry in the World Bank’s \u003ca href=\"http://worldbank.org/appsforclimate\" target=\"_blank\">Apps for Climate competition\u003c/a>. Recently updated and featured on \u003ca href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/environment/ng-interactive/2014/sep/23/carbon-map-which-countries-are-responsible-for-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\">The Guardian's site\u003c/a>, the map resizes the world's geography so as to reflect the nations that are most responsible for climate change and those most vulnerable to its impacts. Click the PLAY button to see a demo. Listed below the map is a collection of additional interactive climate change resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.carbonmap.org/?header=hidden#\" width=\"1000\" height=\"660\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003ch4>NASA's Climate Time Machine\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>A series of visualizations showing how some of the world's key climate indicators like global temperature, sea ice and carbon levels have changed over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://climate.nasa.gov/interactives/climate_time_machine\" width=\"900\" height=\"800\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Carbon story\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Produced by the \u003ca href=\"http://globalcarbonatlas.org/?q=outreach\" target=\"_blank\">Global Carbon Project\u003c/a>, this visualization shows the past, present and future of carbon production and its environmental impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://globalcarbonatlas.org/?q=outreach\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-14331 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy.jpg\" alt=\"carbon story - Copy\" width=\"1065\" height=\"569\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy.jpg 1065w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy-400x214.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy-800x427.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy-768x410.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy-320x171.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1065px) 100vw, 1065px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Flooding risks\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/24/upshot/flooding-risk-from-climate-change-country-by-country.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&version=HpSum&module=second-column-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news&abt=0002&abg=1\" target=\"_blank\">NY Times\u003c/a> interactive team put together a country by country map of flooding risks due to climate change, using data from an analysis conducted by \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Climate Central\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/24/upshot/flooding-risk-from-climate-change-country-by-country.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&version=HpSum&module=second-column-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news&abt=0002&abg=1\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-14336 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy.jpg\" alt=\"Upshot - Copy\" width=\"814\" height=\"598\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy.jpg 814w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy-400x294.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy-800x588.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy-768x564.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy-320x235.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 814px) 100vw, 814px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Climate Hot Map\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Produced by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucsusa.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Union of Concerned Scientists\u003c/a>, this map tracks climate change-related impacts in locations around the world. Indicators include heat waves, sea-level rise, flooding, melting glaciers, earlier spring arrival, coral reef bleaching, and the spread of disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.climatehotmap.org/\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-20326 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2015/11/ucs.jpg\" alt=\"ucs\" width=\"907\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/11/ucs.jpg 907w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/11/ucs-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/11/ucs-800x601.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 907px) 100vw, 907px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>How hot has it gotten in your lifetime (and how much hotter will it get)?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Also created by Duncan Clark from \u003ca href=\"http://ipcc.live.kiln.it/\" target=\"_blank\">Kiln\u003c/a> (and featured on the Guardian), this interactive shows predicted temperature changes in your lifetime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://ipcc.live.kiln.it/\" width=\"1000\" height=\"660\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003ch4>Climate change crisis guide\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>An extensive interactive guide on climate change, produced by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cfr.org/climate-change/crisis-guide-climate-change/p17088\" target=\"_blank\">Council on Foreign Relations\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cfr.org/climate-change/crisis-guide-climate-change/p17088\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-14332 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL.jpg\" alt=\"CFL\" width=\"773\" height=\"526\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL.jpg 773w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL-400x272.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL-768x523.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL-320x218.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 773px) 100vw, 773px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/1-qd8YCaoQ4'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/1-qd8YCaoQ4'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>President Obama joined leaders and diplomats from more than 190 countries who convened in Paris today to kick off a two week effort towards negotiating an international climate change agreement. \u003c!--more-->The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/en/\" target=\"_blank\">United Nations' sponsored event\u003c/a>, the largest gathering of world leaders in history, is an urgent, sweeping attempt to reduce global carbon emissions and stave off the worst consequences of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2015 is on track to be the warmest year on record. In fact, nearly all of the warmest years on record \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/gallery/graphics/10-warmest-years-globally\" target=\"_blank\">have occurred\u003c/a> since 2000. During that time, the frequency of extreme weather events -- from droughts and floods, to hurricanes and freezes -- have also risen significantly. The vast majority of scientists agree that these changes largely stem from a rapid increase in greenhouse gas emissions, primarily from the burning of fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the greatest inequity of the crisis is that those least responsible for contributing to climate change -- people of the world's poorest nations -- will likely continue to be the most adversely impacted by its consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Explore the issue in greater depth with these excellent interactive resources from around the web. Additionally, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/education/e-books/\" target=\"_blank\">click here\u003c/a> to download a series of KQED Science Education e-Books on the science of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Climate 101\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>A good short explainer on the basic science of climate change, narrated by celebrity scientist Bill Nye (\"the Science Guy\") and produced by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.climaterealityproject.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Climate Reality\u003c/a> project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/3v-w8Cyfoq8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/3v-w8Cyfoq8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch4>Climate map: the global culprits and victims\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.carbonmap.org/\" target=\"_blank\">The Carbon Map\u003c/a> was created by Duncan Clark and Robin Houston from the design firm \u003ca href=\"http://www.kiln.it/\" target=\"_blank\">KILN\u003c/a> as an entry in the World Bank’s \u003ca href=\"http://worldbank.org/appsforclimate\" target=\"_blank\">Apps for Climate competition\u003c/a>. Recently updated and featured on \u003ca href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/environment/ng-interactive/2014/sep/23/carbon-map-which-countries-are-responsible-for-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\">The Guardian's site\u003c/a>, the map resizes the world's geography so as to reflect the nations that are most responsible for climate change and those most vulnerable to its impacts. Click the PLAY button to see a demo. Listed below the map is a collection of additional interactive climate change resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.carbonmap.org/?header=hidden#\" width=\"1000\" height=\"660\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003ch4>NASA's Climate Time Machine\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>A series of visualizations showing how some of the world's key climate indicators like global temperature, sea ice and carbon levels have changed over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://climate.nasa.gov/interactives/climate_time_machine\" width=\"900\" height=\"800\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Carbon story\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Produced by the \u003ca href=\"http://globalcarbonatlas.org/?q=outreach\" target=\"_blank\">Global Carbon Project\u003c/a>, this visualization shows the past, present and future of carbon production and its environmental impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://globalcarbonatlas.org/?q=outreach\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-14331 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy.jpg\" alt=\"carbon story - Copy\" width=\"1065\" height=\"569\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy.jpg 1065w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy-400x214.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy-800x427.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy-768x410.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy-320x171.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1065px) 100vw, 1065px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Flooding risks\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/24/upshot/flooding-risk-from-climate-change-country-by-country.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&version=HpSum&module=second-column-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news&abt=0002&abg=1\" target=\"_blank\">NY Times\u003c/a> interactive team put together a country by country map of flooding risks due to climate change, using data from an analysis conducted by \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Climate Central\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/24/upshot/flooding-risk-from-climate-change-country-by-country.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&version=HpSum&module=second-column-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news&abt=0002&abg=1\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-14336 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy.jpg\" alt=\"Upshot - Copy\" width=\"814\" height=\"598\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy.jpg 814w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy-400x294.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy-800x588.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy-768x564.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy-320x235.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 814px) 100vw, 814px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Climate Hot Map\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Produced by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucsusa.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Union of Concerned Scientists\u003c/a>, this map tracks climate change-related impacts in locations around the world. Indicators include heat waves, sea-level rise, flooding, melting glaciers, earlier spring arrival, coral reef bleaching, and the spread of disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.climatehotmap.org/\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-20326 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2015/11/ucs.jpg\" alt=\"ucs\" width=\"907\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/11/ucs.jpg 907w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/11/ucs-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/11/ucs-800x601.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 907px) 100vw, 907px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>How hot has it gotten in your lifetime (and how much hotter will it get)?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Also created by Duncan Clark from \u003ca href=\"http://ipcc.live.kiln.it/\" target=\"_blank\">Kiln\u003c/a> (and featured on the Guardian), this interactive shows predicted temperature changes in your lifetime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://ipcc.live.kiln.it/\" width=\"1000\" height=\"660\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003ch4>Climate change crisis guide\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>An extensive interactive guide on climate change, produced by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cfr.org/climate-change/crisis-guide-climate-change/p17088\" target=\"_blank\">Council on Foreign Relations\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cfr.org/climate-change/crisis-guide-climate-change/p17088\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-14332 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL.jpg\" alt=\"CFL\" width=\"773\" height=\"526\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL.jpg 773w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL-400x272.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL-768x523.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL-320x218.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 773px) 100vw, 773px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
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},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
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"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"order": 8
},
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},
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"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
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"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"description": "[caption id=\"attachment_13657\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"351\"] Just over 2,000 wells have been fracked in California, according to industry data. (Craig Miller/KQED)[/caption] Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, has been used for more than 30 years in California, but it’s attracting attention and scrutiny because of renewed interest in the state’s large oil reserve, known as the Monterey Shale. In California, fracking is done mainly for oil, while in other states with recent fracking booms, like Pennsylvania and Texas, it’s used largely for natural gas. What is it? Fracking is just one phase of the process used to bring an oil or gas well into production. The technique is used to release oil from rocks deep underground. Water, mixed with sand and chemicals, is injected down the well bore at high pressure to create tiny fractures in the rock. According to the oil industry, more than 2,000 wells have been fracked in the state. Concerns Environmental groups have called for a moratorium on fracking until the state does a comprehensive review of potential impacts on both water and air quality. A chief concern is the chemicals used, some of which are carcinogens, and potential contamination of groundwater. Fracking also uses large volumes of freshwater. Industry sources say it uses less freshwater in California than is used in other states and no cases of groundwater contamination have been found. Where it Stands In November 2013, state regulators released draft rules for fracking that are now expected to go into effect in July 2015. They followed passage of SB 4, a bill signed by Governor Jerry Brown, that spelled out what the regulations should cover. Under the rules, oil and gas operators would be required to apply for a permit prior to fracking a well, and to provide written notice to nearby landowners. Operators would have to disclose what chemicals they use, but not the specific concentrations if they consider those a trade secret. State water regulators are also developing a groundwater monitoring program. The regulations are expected to be finalized by the end of 2014.",
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