QUEST Northern CaliforniaQUEST Northern California
KQED serves the people of Northern California with a public-supported alternative to commercial media. Home to the most listened-to public radio station in the nation, one of the highest-rated public television services and an award-winning education program, and as a leader and innovator in interactive technology, KQED takes people of all ages on journeys of exploration — exposing them to new people, places and ideas.
It's Summer Vacation Time for the California Least Tern
Side Trips from Interstate 5: The Deep San Joaquin Valley
Photographing the Sun: Let Me Count The Ways
Brammo Unveils Powerful New All-Electric Motorcycle
California's Deadlocked Delta: Is Carbon Farming the Future?
The Once and Future Earth
Black Diamond Regional Mines Preserve Reopens Visitor Center
A Ribbon Cutting with a Green Twist
Making Women Partners in Breast Cancer Research
Try This at Home: The Chemistry of Fresh Cheese
Tomorrow’s Science Illustrators Step Up To the Plate
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38715\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 540px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/25/its-summer-vacation-time-for-the-california-least-tern/first_fish_feeding1/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38715\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-38715\" title=\"First_Fish_Feeding1\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/First_Fish_Feeding1-540x360.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"540\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Least tern offers fish to newly hatched chick by Dan Pancamo\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The wheel of the seasons is turning again. For a few glorious weeks earlier this month, our shorelines around the bay were packed with water birds. Shorebirds in their breeding finery shared the bounty of the intertidal and shallow water areas with \u003ca title=\"California Least Tern USFWS website\" href=\"http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/ES_Kids/CA-Least-Tern/es_kids_ca-least-tern.htm\">California least tern\u003c/a> newly arrived from Mexico. The shorebirds are now gone, away in the night with a high keening cry, for their nesting grounds in the far north.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38716\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 112px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/25/its-summer-vacation-time-for-the-california-least-tern/399px-florence_georgiana_spooner_carr_later_gray_formal_portrait_in_egret-feathered_hat_ca_1878_eastbourne/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38716\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38716 \" title=\"399px-Florence_Georgiana_Spooner_Carr_(later_Gray)_formal_portrait_in_Egret-feathered_Hat_ca_1878_Eastbourne\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/399px-Florence_Georgiana_Spooner_Carr_later_Gray_formal_portrait_in_Egret-feathered_Hat_ca_1878_Eastbourne-112x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"112\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Victorian woman with egret feathers on hat, 1878 by Eastbourne\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The least tern, smallest of our three tern species, will be with us for the summer. They arrive along California’s shore with their tuxedo colors and distinctive white “V” on their forehead in late April. Once on the brink of extinction, their population has been steadily increasing from a low of 600 birds in 1973 to current estimates of over 7,000 birds. Long before this, in the late 1800s, they suffered depletion for the millinery trade. What fashionable Victorian woman could be seen without \u003ca title=\"Victorian womens hats with birds\" href=\"http://www.victoriana.com/Victorian-Hats/birdhats.htm\">hats decorated with bird feathers\u003c/a>, wings and even whole birds?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca title=\"Migratory Bird Treaty of 1918\" href=\"http://www.fws.gov/laws/lawsdigest/migtrea.html\">Migratory Bird Treaty\u003c/a> was passed in 1918 affording protection from hunting. Another pressure on the California least tern’s success, however, is its reliance on open, sandy beaches for nesting habitat. Throughout much of California, this is also where people like to spend their summers. And with the introduction of non-native predators -- cats, dogs, and red foxes -- the ground-nesting birds have had a hard time raising their young.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38717\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 351px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/25/its-summer-vacation-time-for-the-california-least-tern/banded_juvenile_california_least_tern/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38717\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-38717\" title=\"Banded_juvenile_California_Least_Tern\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Banded_juvenile_California_Least_Tern-351x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"351\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Banding young California least terns helps track their success. Photo by Linda Tanner\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There remains a success story in the terns return and of the people who care enough to fight for their future. California least tern are on the verge of being delisted and downgraded from endangered to threatened, one of 110 success stories celebrated on \u003ca title=\"Endangered Species Day\" href=\"http://www.stopextinction.org/10athome.html\">Endangered Species Day\u003c/a> last week. The main remaining hurdle to delisting them is continued commitment by agencies to protect their all-important nesting habitat along our shores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tern-protection volunteers also work with the \u003ca title=\"Wildlife volunteers with EBRPD\" href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/getinvolved/volunteer/quack\">East Bay Regional Park District\u003c/a> and have successfully helped establish a new breeding colony in Hayward. You can learn more about the \u003ca title=\"Alameda Point Least Terns\" href=\"http://alamedapointenvironmentalreport.wordpress.com/2012/05/03/protecting-the-california-least-terns-at-the-alameda-point-wildlife-refuge/\">terns at Alameda Point\u003c/a> in this article and video. You can also view the Alameda nesting colony on Saturday, June 16 on one of three bus tours departing from \u003ca title=\"Crab Cove Visitor Center, EBRPD\" href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/parks/vc/crab_cove\">Crab Cove Visitor Center\u003c/a>; reserve a space by calling (888) 327-2757 or online at \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebparksonline.org\">www.ebparksonline.org\u003c/a>. There will also be programs throughout the day for all ages highlighting terns and a tern watch along the beach at 2:30pm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And are you curious about what a California least tern sounds like? Listen to an \u003ca href=\"http://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/id/htmwav2/h0740so.mp3\">audio recording here\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38715\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 540px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/25/its-summer-vacation-time-for-the-california-least-tern/first_fish_feeding1/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38715\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-38715\" title=\"First_Fish_Feeding1\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/First_Fish_Feeding1-540x360.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"540\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Least tern offers fish to newly hatched chick by Dan Pancamo\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The wheel of the seasons is turning again. For a few glorious weeks earlier this month, our shorelines around the bay were packed with water birds. Shorebirds in their breeding finery shared the bounty of the intertidal and shallow water areas with \u003ca title=\"California Least Tern USFWS website\" href=\"http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/ES_Kids/CA-Least-Tern/es_kids_ca-least-tern.htm\">California least tern\u003c/a> newly arrived from Mexico. The shorebirds are now gone, away in the night with a high keening cry, for their nesting grounds in the far north.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38716\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 112px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/25/its-summer-vacation-time-for-the-california-least-tern/399px-florence_georgiana_spooner_carr_later_gray_formal_portrait_in_egret-feathered_hat_ca_1878_eastbourne/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38716\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38716 \" title=\"399px-Florence_Georgiana_Spooner_Carr_(later_Gray)_formal_portrait_in_Egret-feathered_Hat_ca_1878_Eastbourne\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/399px-Florence_Georgiana_Spooner_Carr_later_Gray_formal_portrait_in_Egret-feathered_Hat_ca_1878_Eastbourne-112x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"112\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Victorian woman with egret feathers on hat, 1878 by Eastbourne\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The least tern, smallest of our three tern species, will be with us for the summer. They arrive along California’s shore with their tuxedo colors and distinctive white “V” on their forehead in late April. Once on the brink of extinction, their population has been steadily increasing from a low of 600 birds in 1973 to current estimates of over 7,000 birds. Long before this, in the late 1800s, they suffered depletion for the millinery trade. What fashionable Victorian woman could be seen without \u003ca title=\"Victorian womens hats with birds\" href=\"http://www.victoriana.com/Victorian-Hats/birdhats.htm\">hats decorated with bird feathers\u003c/a>, wings and even whole birds?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca title=\"Migratory Bird Treaty of 1918\" href=\"http://www.fws.gov/laws/lawsdigest/migtrea.html\">Migratory Bird Treaty\u003c/a> was passed in 1918 affording protection from hunting. Another pressure on the California least tern’s success, however, is its reliance on open, sandy beaches for nesting habitat. Throughout much of California, this is also where people like to spend their summers. And with the introduction of non-native predators -- cats, dogs, and red foxes -- the ground-nesting birds have had a hard time raising their young.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38717\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 351px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/25/its-summer-vacation-time-for-the-california-least-tern/banded_juvenile_california_least_tern/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38717\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-38717\" title=\"Banded_juvenile_California_Least_Tern\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Banded_juvenile_California_Least_Tern-351x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"351\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Banding young California least terns helps track their success. Photo by Linda Tanner\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There remains a success story in the terns return and of the people who care enough to fight for their future. California least tern are on the verge of being delisted and downgraded from endangered to threatened, one of 110 success stories celebrated on \u003ca title=\"Endangered Species Day\" href=\"http://www.stopextinction.org/10athome.html\">Endangered Species Day\u003c/a> last week. The main remaining hurdle to delisting them is continued commitment by agencies to protect their all-important nesting habitat along our shores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tern-protection volunteers also work with the \u003ca title=\"Wildlife volunteers with EBRPD\" href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/getinvolved/volunteer/quack\">East Bay Regional Park District\u003c/a> and have successfully helped establish a new breeding colony in Hayward. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And are you curious about what a California least tern sounds like? Listen to an \u003ca href=\"http://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/id/htmwav2/h0740so.mp3\">audio recording here\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Side Trips from Interstate 5: The Deep San Joaquin Valley",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38698\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/fairmeadfossil/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38698\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-38698\" title=\"fairmeadfossil\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadfossil.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadfossil.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadfossil-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pleistocene bones abound beneath the Fairmead landfill near Chowchilla. See them at the Fossil Discovery Center of Madera County. Photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>My previous side trips from I-5 have involved rocks, but that's not all there is to geology. This suggested route, an alternative to taking I-5 straight south to Los Angeles, will expose you to the southern Great Valley's hydrology and many excellent, recently excavated fossils.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Start by exiting at Santa Nella -- not to patronize the garish set of businesses there, but to take state route 152 east. You'll go all the way across the valley to Route 99, then south from there to the \"Grapevine\".\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first thing you'll notice, if you haven't already, is the profusion of canals in the Valley. They come in all sizes, ranging from the Edmund G. Brown Aqueduct (that's the first one you cross) down to uncountable numbers of field ditches. There are natural streams, but most of the water you'll see is in canals. This one runs parallel to the San Joaquin River about 6 miles west of Dos Palos Y.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/sjvcanal/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38696\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38696\" title=\"SJVcanal\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SJVcanal.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"455\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SJVcanal.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SJVcanal-400x303.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right next to it, the river that gave its name to the San Joaquin Valley was a sandy ditch in March during the rainy season. In good weather you'll be able to see mountains wherever you are, either the Coast Range on the west or the Sierra Nevada on the east (as seen here). I believe that there is no place in California where mountains are not visible if the air is clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/sanjoaquinriver/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38702\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38702\" title=\"sanjoaquinriver\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/sanjoaquinriver.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"461\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/sanjoaquinriver.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/sanjoaquinriver-400x307.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The far end of route 152 meets Route 99. I recommend the old-timey charm of Chowchilla just north of here for a road stop, but otherwise you'll turn south on 99 and take the very first exit to the \u003ca href=\"http://maderamammoths.org/\">Fossil Discovery Center of Madera County\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38701\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/fossilcenter/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38701\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-38701\" title=\"fossilcenter\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fossilcenter.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"380\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fossilcenter.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fossilcenter-400x253.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo courtesy Tsing Bardin\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The center is across the road from a sanitary landfill, and for a good reason: in 1996, diggers at the new Fairmead landfill uncovered a complete mammoth tusk. Soon it was realized that the site contained a world-class Irvingtonian fossil fauna dating from the mid-Pleistocene about half a million years ago. (There's a Bay Area connection here: the Irvingtonian is named for the wonderful bone beds unearthed in the East Bay's Irvington district during freeway construction in the 1940s.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A paleontological foundation was set up and scientific ties established at nearby Cal State Fresno. Whenever the landfill operators open up a new pit, fossil scientists are on hand to harvest what they can. Bones of mammoths, wolves, sabertooth cats, horses, camels, ground sloths and many smaller creatures are stockpiled and studied at leisure between digs. The Fossil Discovery Center opened its doors in late 2010 and makes an excellent visit whatever your level of interest or expertise. Its outdoor \"Pleistocene Water Source\" exhibit makes it easy to imagine the lush scene in ancient times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/fairmeadwaterexhibit/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38700\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38700\" title=\"fairmeadwaterexhibit\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadwaterexhibit.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"399\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadwaterexhibit.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadwaterexhibit-400x266.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can sit out back, next to the fossil washing station, and cast your eye over the surrounding land. I was told that the center has options on some of this acreage, where thousands more fossils surely lie in wait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/fairmeadgrounds/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38699\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38699\" title=\"fairmeadgrounds\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadgrounds.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"385\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadgrounds.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadgrounds-400x257.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually you'll need to return to 99 and resume your journey. Another stop you should consider is in Bakersfield, where less than 5 miles east of the road on Stockdale Highway is the city's gracious new Riverwalk Park on the Kern River, which is still a vigorous stream here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/bakersfieldriverpark/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38697\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38697\" title=\"bakersfieldriverpark\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/bakersfieldriverpark.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"387\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/bakersfieldriverpark.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/bakersfieldriverpark-400x258.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bakersfield has a lot going on. Another spot to consider visiting is the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sharktoothhill.org/\">Buena Vista Museum of Natural History\u003c/a>, home of superb fossils from nearby \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/fossilbasics/ss/Sharktooth-Hill.htm\">Sharktooth Hill\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38698\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/fairmeadfossil/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38698\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-38698\" title=\"fairmeadfossil\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadfossil.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadfossil.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadfossil-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pleistocene bones abound beneath the Fairmead landfill near Chowchilla. See them at the Fossil Discovery Center of Madera County. Photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>My previous side trips from I-5 have involved rocks, but that's not all there is to geology. This suggested route, an alternative to taking I-5 straight south to Los Angeles, will expose you to the southern Great Valley's hydrology and many excellent, recently excavated fossils.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Start by exiting at Santa Nella -- not to patronize the garish set of businesses there, but to take state route 152 east. You'll go all the way across the valley to Route 99, then south from there to the \"Grapevine\".\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first thing you'll notice, if you haven't already, is the profusion of canals in the Valley. They come in all sizes, ranging from the Edmund G. Brown Aqueduct (that's the first one you cross) down to uncountable numbers of field ditches. There are natural streams, but most of the water you'll see is in canals. This one runs parallel to the San Joaquin River about 6 miles west of Dos Palos Y.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/sjvcanal/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38696\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38696\" title=\"SJVcanal\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SJVcanal.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"455\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SJVcanal.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SJVcanal-400x303.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right next to it, the river that gave its name to the San Joaquin Valley was a sandy ditch in March during the rainy season. In good weather you'll be able to see mountains wherever you are, either the Coast Range on the west or the Sierra Nevada on the east (as seen here). I believe that there is no place in California where mountains are not visible if the air is clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/sanjoaquinriver/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38702\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38702\" title=\"sanjoaquinriver\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/sanjoaquinriver.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"461\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/sanjoaquinriver.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/sanjoaquinriver-400x307.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The far end of route 152 meets Route 99. I recommend the old-timey charm of Chowchilla just north of here for a road stop, but otherwise you'll turn south on 99 and take the very first exit to the \u003ca href=\"http://maderamammoths.org/\">Fossil Discovery Center of Madera County\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38701\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/fossilcenter/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38701\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-38701\" title=\"fossilcenter\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fossilcenter.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"380\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fossilcenter.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fossilcenter-400x253.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo courtesy Tsing Bardin\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The center is across the road from a sanitary landfill, and for a good reason: in 1996, diggers at the new Fairmead landfill uncovered a complete mammoth tusk. Soon it was realized that the site contained a world-class Irvingtonian fossil fauna dating from the mid-Pleistocene about half a million years ago. (There's a Bay Area connection here: the Irvingtonian is named for the wonderful bone beds unearthed in the East Bay's Irvington district during freeway construction in the 1940s.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A paleontological foundation was set up and scientific ties established at nearby Cal State Fresno. Whenever the landfill operators open up a new pit, fossil scientists are on hand to harvest what they can. Bones of mammoths, wolves, sabertooth cats, horses, camels, ground sloths and many smaller creatures are stockpiled and studied at leisure between digs. The Fossil Discovery Center opened its doors in late 2010 and makes an excellent visit whatever your level of interest or expertise. Its outdoor \"Pleistocene Water Source\" exhibit makes it easy to imagine the lush scene in ancient times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/fairmeadwaterexhibit/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38700\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38700\" title=\"fairmeadwaterexhibit\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadwaterexhibit.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"399\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadwaterexhibit.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadwaterexhibit-400x266.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can sit out back, next to the fossil washing station, and cast your eye over the surrounding land. I was told that the center has options on some of this acreage, where thousands more fossils surely lie in wait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/fairmeadgrounds/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38699\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38699\" title=\"fairmeadgrounds\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadgrounds.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"385\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadgrounds.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fairmeadgrounds-400x257.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually you'll need to return to 99 and resume your journey. Another stop you should consider is in Bakersfield, where less than 5 miles east of the road on Stockdale Highway is the city's gracious new Riverwalk Park on the Kern River, which is still a vigorous stream here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/24/side-trips-from-interstate-5-the-deep-san-joaquin-valley/bakersfieldriverpark/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38697\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38697\" title=\"bakersfieldriverpark\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/bakersfieldriverpark.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"387\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/bakersfieldriverpark.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/bakersfieldriverpark-400x258.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bakersfield has a lot going on. Another spot to consider visiting is the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sharktoothhill.org/\">Buena Vista Museum of Natural History\u003c/a>, home of superb fossils from nearby \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/fossilbasics/ss/Sharktooth-Hill.htm\">Sharktooth Hill\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Photographing the Sun: Let Me Count The Ways",
"title": "Photographing the Sun: Let Me Count The Ways",
"headTitle": "QUEST | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>Know how you can start a fire with just a magnifying glass and the sun? And if you stare at the sun, the lens of your eye is the magnifying glass, and the burning happens on your retina? Well, cameras have the same problem. So how do you take a picture of the sun--which you might want to do during, say, a solar eclipse?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turns out there are as many ways to photograph an eclipse as there are to watch it. With a bit of preparation and the generosity of strangers, I got to experience five of them during \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/05/17/when-where-and-how-to-watch-sundays-solar-eclipse-bay-area-northern-californi/\" title=\"KQED annular eclipse\">Sunday's annular eclipse\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My husband and I drove from the Bay Area up to \u003ca href=\"http://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/stnf/recarea/?recid=6453\" title=\"Hirz Mountain Lookout\">Mt. Hirz\u003c/a> near Lake Shasta which was smack in the middle of the optimal eclipse viewing path. About a mile from the top, we ran into an amateur astronomer named Ben who'd scoped the whole mountain the previous day and decided this was the best spot. He had a telescope, so we stayed with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A bit of cloud cover when the eclipse started had us all chewing our fingernails, but then it cleared up--and what a view!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although I am an admirer of photography, I am not the most skilled practitioner. Flickr, however, is a treasure trove of beautiful images. All the pictures in this post are from photographers kind enough to \u003ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/\" title=\"Creative Commons\">share their work\u003c/a> openly, for the enjoyment of the masses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To make a hokey pinhole camera like I did, cut a square out of a piece of cardbord, tape aluminum foil over the empty square, and poke a hole in the foil with a pin. Stand with your back to the sun and hold the cardboard so the sun shines directly through the pinhole onto a piece of white paper. (This photographer made three holes, one of which was obviously best.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/22/photographing-the-sun-let-me-count-the-ways/pinhole-2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38575\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/pinhole1-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"eclipse through pinhole\" title=\"pinhole\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-38575\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A better technique is to replace the pinhole with a pair of binoculars like my husband did. You keep your back to the sun and hold the binoculars in the same position as the pinhole camera and you get a larger, clearer view of the sun on the paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/22/photographing-the-sun-let-me-count-the-ways/binoculars/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38566\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/binoculars-336x253.jpg\" alt=\"eclipse through binoculars\" title=\"binoculars\" width=\"336\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-38566\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Astronomer Ben's wife had a pair of eclipse viewing glasses that were the best way to see color--the \"ring of fire\" when the moon is totally inside the sun. You can put these glasses--or a really thick filter, which is the same thing (but see comments)--in front of a camera as well as in front of your eyes. But the sun looks really small.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/22/photographing-the-sun-let-me-count-the-ways/filter/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38580\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/filter-358x253.jpg\" alt=\"eclipse through filter\" title=\"filter\" width=\"358\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-38580\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Best of all is an actual telescope. Then you can see sunspots!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/22/photographing-the-sun-let-me-count-the-ways/telescope/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38585\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/telescope-168x253.jpg\" alt=\"eclipse through telescope\" title=\"telescope\" width=\"168\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-38585\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fifth, final, and possibly my favorite way to see/photograph the eclipse requires no equipment at all--just some trees. When the sun is a crescent, it shines through the leaves to create hundreds of little crescents on the ground or wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/22/photographing-the-sun-let-me-count-the-ways/leaves/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38590\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/leaves-381x253.jpg\" alt=\"eclipse through leaves\" title=\"leaves\" width=\"381\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-38590\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Photographing the sun is one thing. But the full mood of an eclipse, with its cool air and dusky light, is difficult to capture. Here's one picture (not from the path of full annularity) that really pulled it off:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/22/photographing-the-sun-let-me-count-the-ways/sunset_eclipse/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38595\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/sunset_eclipse.jpg\" alt=\"sunset eclipse\" title=\"sunset_eclipse\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-38595\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/sunset_eclipse.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/sunset_eclipse-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Know how you can start a fire with just a magnifying glass and the sun? And if you stare at the sun, the lens of your eye is the magnifying glass, and the burning happens on your retina? Well, cameras have the same problem. So how do you take a picture of the sun--which you might want to do during, say, a solar eclipse?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turns out there are as many ways to photograph an eclipse as there are to watch it. With a bit of preparation and the generosity of strangers, I got to experience five of them during \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/05/17/when-where-and-how-to-watch-sundays-solar-eclipse-bay-area-northern-californi/\" title=\"KQED annular eclipse\">Sunday's annular eclipse\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My husband and I drove from the Bay Area up to \u003ca href=\"http://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/stnf/recarea/?recid=6453\" title=\"Hirz Mountain Lookout\">Mt. Hirz\u003c/a> near Lake Shasta which was smack in the middle of the optimal eclipse viewing path. About a mile from the top, we ran into an amateur astronomer named Ben who'd scoped the whole mountain the previous day and decided this was the best spot. He had a telescope, so we stayed with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A bit of cloud cover when the eclipse started had us all chewing our fingernails, but then it cleared up--and what a view!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although I am an admirer of photography, I am not the most skilled practitioner. Flickr, however, is a treasure trove of beautiful images. All the pictures in this post are from photographers kind enough to \u003ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/\" title=\"Creative Commons\">share their work\u003c/a> openly, for the enjoyment of the masses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To make a hokey pinhole camera like I did, cut a square out of a piece of cardbord, tape aluminum foil over the empty square, and poke a hole in the foil with a pin. Stand with your back to the sun and hold the cardboard so the sun shines directly through the pinhole onto a piece of white paper. (This photographer made three holes, one of which was obviously best.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/22/photographing-the-sun-let-me-count-the-ways/pinhole-2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38575\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/pinhole1-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"eclipse through pinhole\" title=\"pinhole\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-38575\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A better technique is to replace the pinhole with a pair of binoculars like my husband did. You keep your back to the sun and hold the binoculars in the same position as the pinhole camera and you get a larger, clearer view of the sun on the paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/22/photographing-the-sun-let-me-count-the-ways/binoculars/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38566\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/binoculars-336x253.jpg\" alt=\"eclipse through binoculars\" title=\"binoculars\" width=\"336\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-38566\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Astronomer Ben's wife had a pair of eclipse viewing glasses that were the best way to see color--the \"ring of fire\" when the moon is totally inside the sun. You can put these glasses--or a really thick filter, which is the same thing (but see comments)--in front of a camera as well as in front of your eyes. But the sun looks really small.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/22/photographing-the-sun-let-me-count-the-ways/filter/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38580\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/filter-358x253.jpg\" alt=\"eclipse through filter\" title=\"filter\" width=\"358\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-38580\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Best of all is an actual telescope. Then you can see sunspots!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/22/photographing-the-sun-let-me-count-the-ways/telescope/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38585\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/telescope-168x253.jpg\" alt=\"eclipse through telescope\" title=\"telescope\" width=\"168\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-38585\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fifth, final, and possibly my favorite way to see/photograph the eclipse requires no equipment at all--just some trees. When the sun is a crescent, it shines through the leaves to create hundreds of little crescents on the ground or wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/22/photographing-the-sun-let-me-count-the-ways/leaves/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38590\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/leaves-381x253.jpg\" alt=\"eclipse through leaves\" title=\"leaves\" width=\"381\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-38590\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Photographing the sun is one thing. But the full mood of an eclipse, with its cool air and dusky light, is difficult to capture. Here's one picture (not from the path of full annularity) that really pulled it off:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/22/photographing-the-sun-let-me-count-the-ways/sunset_eclipse/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38595\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/sunset_eclipse.jpg\" alt=\"sunset eclipse\" title=\"sunset_eclipse\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-38595\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/sunset_eclipse.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/sunset_eclipse-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Brammo Unveils Powerful New All-Electric Motorcycle",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/22/brammo-unveils-powerful-new-all-electric-motorcycle/empulse-640-2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38560\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Empulse-6401.jpg\" alt=\"Empulse electric motorcyle\" title=\"Empulse-640\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-38560\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Empulse-6401.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Empulse-6401-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider these two numbers: 100 and 100, as in 100 miles-per-hour and 100 miles of driving range. Those are the two key metrics for the all-electric Brammo Empulse motorcycle that was launched in Los Angeles earlier this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was thrilled to hear that Oregon-based \u003ca href=\"http://www.brammo.com/home/\">Brammo\u003c/a> is ready to start selling the Empulse, after writing about the promise of electric motorcycles for \u003ca href=\"http://homepower.com/home/\">Home Power Magazine\u003c/a>’s August-September 2011 issue (\u003ca href=\"http://homepower.com/view/?file=HP144_pg48_Berman\">PDF article here)\u003c/a>. One of the key factors holding back the electric motorcycle industry is lack of product choice—as well as undeveloped sales and service channels. The Enertia, Brammo's previous product that it's been selling for a few years, is capable of a top-speed of 60 mph, and a range of 42 miles on a single charge. So, the Empulse represents a serious bump up in power and range—giving it an appeal that the Enertia lacked. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, the extra power and range comes at a cost. The Empulse R, the upscale version of the new model utilizing carbon fiber, is priced at a lofty $18,995—compared to the Enertia’s $7,995 sticker price. Production for the Empulse R will take place first with limited availability in June 2012 and in volume by Q3 2012. The more modest Empulse with plastic bodywork will be available in Q1 2013 for $16,995.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Empulse models come with a water-cooled AC motor, integrated six-speed transmission, seating for two, regenerative braking and on board J1772 Level 2 charging capability. (That’s the same J1772 charging standard used for electric cars.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of range, top-speed and price, electric motorcycles are a thrill. “Every opportunity we’ve had to put motorcyclists on our bikes, they come away with smiles on their faces,” said Brian Wismann, director of product development at Brammo, when I interviewed him last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, electric motorcycles can accelerate so fast from a standstill that manufacturers have to be careful that they don’t shoot out from between the rider’s legs. At the same time, they are very quiet—providing a sensation of flying down the road. “The only thing I hear when I ride my motorcycle is the wind inside my helmet, a little bit of chain noise, and the tires on the road,” said Harry Mallin, a Kansas City-based attorney who has been riding a Brammo bike for nearly two years. “It’s much more of a visceral experience and closer to nature, compared to the rumble of a gas bike,” he said. “On an electric bike, you can hear the crickets in the summer.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Consider these two numbers: 100 and 100, as in 100 miles-per-hour and 100 miles of driving range. Those are the two key metrics for the all-electric Brammo Empulse motorcycle that was launched in Los Angeles earlier this month.\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/22/brammo-unveils-powerful-new-all-electric-motorcycle/empulse-640-2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38560\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Empulse-6401.jpg\" alt=\"Empulse electric motorcyle\" title=\"Empulse-640\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-38560\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Empulse-6401.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Empulse-6401-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider these two numbers: 100 and 100, as in 100 miles-per-hour and 100 miles of driving range. Those are the two key metrics for the all-electric Brammo Empulse motorcycle that was launched in Los Angeles earlier this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was thrilled to hear that Oregon-based \u003ca href=\"http://www.brammo.com/home/\">Brammo\u003c/a> is ready to start selling the Empulse, after writing about the promise of electric motorcycles for \u003ca href=\"http://homepower.com/home/\">Home Power Magazine\u003c/a>’s August-September 2011 issue (\u003ca href=\"http://homepower.com/view/?file=HP144_pg48_Berman\">PDF article here)\u003c/a>. One of the key factors holding back the electric motorcycle industry is lack of product choice—as well as undeveloped sales and service channels. The Enertia, Brammo's previous product that it's been selling for a few years, is capable of a top-speed of 60 mph, and a range of 42 miles on a single charge. So, the Empulse represents a serious bump up in power and range—giving it an appeal that the Enertia lacked. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, the extra power and range comes at a cost. The Empulse R, the upscale version of the new model utilizing carbon fiber, is priced at a lofty $18,995—compared to the Enertia’s $7,995 sticker price. Production for the Empulse R will take place first with limited availability in June 2012 and in volume by Q3 2012. The more modest Empulse with plastic bodywork will be available in Q1 2013 for $16,995.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Empulse models come with a water-cooled AC motor, integrated six-speed transmission, seating for two, regenerative braking and on board J1772 Level 2 charging capability. (That’s the same J1772 charging standard used for electric cars.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2012/05/2012-05-21-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is the third story in our three-part \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/series/californias-deadlocked-delta/\">series on California's Delta\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38425\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Farming-marquee.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Farming-marquee-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Farming-marquee\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38425\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tules on Twitchell Island in the Delta. (Photo: Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With thousands of acres of rich farmland, the Delta has a long agricultural legacy. But farming there can be a risky business. Dozens of farms have been flooded over the past half century as aging levees have collapsed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That became a reality for farmer Rudy Mussi on the morning of June 3, 2004. It was clear, sunny day. \"You never expect a flood in the summer months,\" says Mussi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mussi was growing corn and asparagus on lower Jones Tract, an island in the Delta, 10 miles west of Stockton. That morning, he got a phone call. \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2004/06/04/MNG1G70S3A1.DTL&ao=all\">Water was flooding\u003c/a> onto his farmland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Your heart stops for a second or two and then realism sets in. And you just start moving your equipment and get it to high ground,\" says Mussi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How did a flood happen a on a sunny day? It's because of a basic rule of physics. Mussi farmed on an island below sea level, like a lot of the islands in the Delta. The Delta used to be a huge swath of wetlands, where two major rivers met San Francisco Bay. Today, earthen levees hold that water back – most of the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Once a break occurs, you know, there's no way you're gonna stop that, not with 10 feet of water on the other side,\" Mussi says. Draining the island and repairing the levees around Jones Tract cost about $90 million. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38449\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 232px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DeltaFarmingLevee.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DeltaFarmingLevee-232x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"DeltaFarmingLevee\" width=\"232\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38449\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The levee break on Jones Tract in 2004. (Photo: CA Department of Water Resources)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It wasn't an isolated incident. Over the last century, more than 150 levees have failed in the Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Delta Infrastructure at Risk\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is how we get ourselves in kind of an arms race between the water and the land,\" says Jeff Mount, professor with the Center for Watershed Sciences at the University of California-Davis. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levee-building began in the 1850s, when settlers came to the Delta for the rich soil. More than a thousand miles of levees were built. \"This network of levees through time had to get bigger and bigger for a very basic reason: the land has been steadily lowering,\" says Mount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As farmers exposed the rich peat soil, it started decomposing. The land level dropped; \"In some places they talked about four inches per year,\" says Mount. Today, it's less than an inch per year thanks to better farming practices. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Add up all those inches over the past century and some islands are now 30 feet below sea level. That puts a lot of stress on the levees. There are also other concerns: rising sea levels and extreme floods. \"And then the big 800-pound gorilla in the room – we're due for a very large earthquake on the San Andreas system.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Add up all these risks and Mount says there's a two-thirds \u003ca href=\"http://californiawaterblog.com/2011/03/09/sea-level-rise-and-delta-subsidence%E2%80%94the-demise-of-subsided-delta-islands/\">chance of a catastrophic levee failure\u003c/a> in the next 50 years. That, of course, affects farmers and communities in the Delta, but it could also impact California's water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The raindrops that fall in Mount Shasta are consumed by people in San Diego. Water moves a great distance and this is one of the critical hubs in that system,\" says Mount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fixing the Delta's levees is estimated to cost billions. But on some islands, scientists are experimenting with a new fix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Farming Carbon\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38450\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 219px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DeltaFarmingsoil.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DeltaFarmingsoil-219x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"DeltaFarmingsoil\" width=\"219\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38450\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Peat soil samples on Twitchell Island. (Photo: Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On a windy day on Twitchell Island in the Delta, ecologist Lisa Windham-Myers of the US Geological Survey pushes her way through a wetland filled with a tall, reed-like plant known as \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schoenoplectus_acutus\">tule\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The plant grows... some of these are 16 feet tall. They're just huge,\" she says. That growth is changing the ground we're standing on. Windham-Myers pulls out a sample of the dark peat soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wetland \u003ca href=\"http://ca.water.usgs.gov/Carbon_Farm/RandD.html\">produces soil at a rapid rate\u003c/a> – four inches a year on average. That's huge, says USGS scientist Brian Bergamaschi, in a place where the land is sinking. \"These islands are like bowls and the way we see projects like this is you want to fill up the middle of that bowl and help level out the whole island.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Planting wetlands like this one could raise the land level and water table on the inside of levees, relieving some of the pressure. But why would farmers want to replace cash crops with tule? Windham-Myers points to the soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is basically almost 100 percent carbon. These take up far more than a typical forest environment,\" she says. California is setting up a market for carbon, as part of the state's effort to cut global warming emissions. Early next year, companies that need to reduce their emissions could pay farmers to store carbon in wetlands like this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38451\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DeltaFarming2.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DeltaFarming2.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"DeltaFarming2\" width=\"320\" height=\"199\" class=\"size-full wp-image-38451\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">USGS scientist Brian Bergamaschi talks with Delta farmer Al Medvitch. (Photo: Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, two farmers are here checking out the project: Steve Mello, a Delta farmer on Tyler Island and Al Medvitch, a farmer in the Montezuma Hills. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The potential has been demonstrated well. You guys are standing in the middle of it. But in order to move from here to market, we need to develop a lot more techniques so people can come and verify that the carbon is stored,\" says Brian Bergamaschi, describing how wetland farming might work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both farmers seem open to the idea. But Mello says ultimately, it depends on the bottom line. \"It would absolutely need to cash flow. While it could dovetail with levee stability, it would still need to generate enough to amortize your property value.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Mello says assuming carbon prices are high enough, growing patches of wetlands could be a feasible way to improve the levees and to stay farming.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "California’s Delta has a rich agricultural legacy, but farming there can be a risky business. Dozens of farms have been flooded over the past half century as aging levees have collapsed. Now, scientists are encouraging farmers to switch to a new crop. Instead of growing vegetables, they’d grow something that has all but disappeared in the Delta: wetlands. ",
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"description": "California’s Delta has a rich agricultural legacy, but farming there can be a risky business. Dozens of farms have been flooded over the past half century as aging levees have collapsed. Now, scientists are encouraging farmers to switch to a new crop. Instead of growing vegetables, they’d grow something that has all but disappeared in the Delta: wetlands. ",
"title": "California's Deadlocked Delta: Is Carbon Farming the Future? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2012/05/2012-05-21-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is the third story in our three-part \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/series/californias-deadlocked-delta/\">series on California's Delta\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38425\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Farming-marquee.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Farming-marquee-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Farming-marquee\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38425\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tules on Twitchell Island in the Delta. (Photo: Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With thousands of acres of rich farmland, the Delta has a long agricultural legacy. But farming there can be a risky business. Dozens of farms have been flooded over the past half century as aging levees have collapsed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That became a reality for farmer Rudy Mussi on the morning of June 3, 2004. It was clear, sunny day. \"You never expect a flood in the summer months,\" says Mussi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mussi was growing corn and asparagus on lower Jones Tract, an island in the Delta, 10 miles west of Stockton. That morning, he got a phone call. \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2004/06/04/MNG1G70S3A1.DTL&ao=all\">Water was flooding\u003c/a> onto his farmland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Your heart stops for a second or two and then realism sets in. And you just start moving your equipment and get it to high ground,\" says Mussi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How did a flood happen a on a sunny day? It's because of a basic rule of physics. Mussi farmed on an island below sea level, like a lot of the islands in the Delta. The Delta used to be a huge swath of wetlands, where two major rivers met San Francisco Bay. Today, earthen levees hold that water back – most of the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Once a break occurs, you know, there's no way you're gonna stop that, not with 10 feet of water on the other side,\" Mussi says. Draining the island and repairing the levees around Jones Tract cost about $90 million. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38449\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 232px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DeltaFarmingLevee.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DeltaFarmingLevee-232x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"DeltaFarmingLevee\" width=\"232\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38449\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The levee break on Jones Tract in 2004. (Photo: CA Department of Water Resources)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It wasn't an isolated incident. Over the last century, more than 150 levees have failed in the Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Delta Infrastructure at Risk\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is how we get ourselves in kind of an arms race between the water and the land,\" says Jeff Mount, professor with the Center for Watershed Sciences at the University of California-Davis. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levee-building began in the 1850s, when settlers came to the Delta for the rich soil. More than a thousand miles of levees were built. \"This network of levees through time had to get bigger and bigger for a very basic reason: the land has been steadily lowering,\" says Mount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As farmers exposed the rich peat soil, it started decomposing. The land level dropped; \"In some places they talked about four inches per year,\" says Mount. Today, it's less than an inch per year thanks to better farming practices. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Add up all those inches over the past century and some islands are now 30 feet below sea level. That puts a lot of stress on the levees. There are also other concerns: rising sea levels and extreme floods. \"And then the big 800-pound gorilla in the room – we're due for a very large earthquake on the San Andreas system.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Add up all these risks and Mount says there's a two-thirds \u003ca href=\"http://californiawaterblog.com/2011/03/09/sea-level-rise-and-delta-subsidence%E2%80%94the-demise-of-subsided-delta-islands/\">chance of a catastrophic levee failure\u003c/a> in the next 50 years. That, of course, affects farmers and communities in the Delta, but it could also impact California's water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The raindrops that fall in Mount Shasta are consumed by people in San Diego. Water moves a great distance and this is one of the critical hubs in that system,\" says Mount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fixing the Delta's levees is estimated to cost billions. But on some islands, scientists are experimenting with a new fix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Farming Carbon\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38450\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 219px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DeltaFarmingsoil.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DeltaFarmingsoil-219x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"DeltaFarmingsoil\" width=\"219\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38450\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Peat soil samples on Twitchell Island. (Photo: Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On a windy day on Twitchell Island in the Delta, ecologist Lisa Windham-Myers of the US Geological Survey pushes her way through a wetland filled with a tall, reed-like plant known as \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schoenoplectus_acutus\">tule\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The plant grows... some of these are 16 feet tall. They're just huge,\" she says. That growth is changing the ground we're standing on. Windham-Myers pulls out a sample of the dark peat soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wetland \u003ca href=\"http://ca.water.usgs.gov/Carbon_Farm/RandD.html\">produces soil at a rapid rate\u003c/a> – four inches a year on average. That's huge, says USGS scientist Brian Bergamaschi, in a place where the land is sinking. \"These islands are like bowls and the way we see projects like this is you want to fill up the middle of that bowl and help level out the whole island.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Planting wetlands like this one could raise the land level and water table on the inside of levees, relieving some of the pressure. But why would farmers want to replace cash crops with tule? Windham-Myers points to the soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is basically almost 100 percent carbon. These take up far more than a typical forest environment,\" she says. California is setting up a market for carbon, as part of the state's effort to cut global warming emissions. Early next year, companies that need to reduce their emissions could pay farmers to store carbon in wetlands like this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38451\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DeltaFarming2.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DeltaFarming2.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"DeltaFarming2\" width=\"320\" height=\"199\" class=\"size-full wp-image-38451\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">USGS scientist Brian Bergamaschi talks with Delta farmer Al Medvitch. (Photo: Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, two farmers are here checking out the project: Steve Mello, a Delta farmer on Tyler Island and Al Medvitch, a farmer in the Montezuma Hills. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The potential has been demonstrated well. You guys are standing in the middle of it. But in order to move from here to market, we need to develop a lot more techniques so people can come and verify that the carbon is stored,\" says Brian Bergamaschi, describing how wetland farming might work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both farmers seem open to the idea. But Mello says ultimately, it depends on the bottom line. \"It would absolutely need to cash flow. While it could dovetail with levee stability, it would still need to generate enough to amortize your property value.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Mello says assuming carbon prices are high enough, growing patches of wetlands could be a feasible way to improve the levees and to stay farming.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "The Once and Future Earth ",
"title": "The Once and Future Earth ",
"headTitle": "QUEST | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37539\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/18/the-once-and-future-earth/browndwarf-2-bryant-2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37539\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/browndwarf-2-bryant1.jpg\" alt=\"Hypothetical exoplanet of a brown dwarf star--similar to a future Earth? Credit: Jeff Bryant\" title=\"Hypothetical exoplanet of a brown dwarf star--similar to a future Earth? Credit: Jeff Bryant\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37539\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/browndwarf-2-bryant1.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/browndwarf-2-bryant1-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hypothetical exoplanet of a brown dwarf star--similar to a future Earth? Credit: Jeff Bryant\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Every now and then, when seeing fresh examples of the world's problems, local or global, I take a deep breath, sigh, and think, \"In a million years, what difference will it all make?\" It may sound fatalistic, and of course current events do matter to our short-timer existences on Earth, but the thought gives me an odd sense of peace and gets me to thinking about the future—the far distant future—of the Earth. It's hard to imagine what the future will bring in ten, a hundred, or even a thousand million years. Where will evolution take life on Earth—including us? How far will human civilization stretch, and what turns will it take? What exciting twists and cliffhangers are in store for the climate? What will be on television?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some things are a bit easier to predict: what the Sun will do and how the Earth and the Earth-Moon relationship will change. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I ran across a web version of the H.G. Wells novel \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.online-literature.com/wellshg/timemachine/\" title=\"The Time Machine\" target=\"_blank\">The Time Machine\u003c/a>\" a couple of weeks ago, and re-reading Chapter 11 I was reminded how insightful the story is with regard to visualizing future possibilities. In this chapter, the Time Traveler probes forward in time, going millions of years into the future and arriving in a tidally-locked Earth under a bloated, reddened Sun, with no Moon in the sky. The ocean was calm and cold, sporting only gentle, lazy swells, and the air was considerably less stocked with oxygen than today. Snow peppered the land and ice fringed the sea, and the only ubiquitous sign that life still existed was a green slime that coated the rocks of the shore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\"All the sounds of man, the bleating of sheep, the cries of birds, the hum of insects, the stir that makes the background of our lives - all that was over.\"\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An alien, cold, and pessimistic view of the future? Well—it can hardly be classified as pessimistic; pessimism is an emotion based on the seeming unchangeability of things we can in fact change. But the Earth's future is commanded by forces scarcely within our power to affect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For one, the Earth's rotation is slowing down. It used to spin much faster—maybe three times as much—but tidal effects of the Moon and Sun have been slowing it down for four and a half billion years. Imagine an eight-hour day, with the Sun crossing from horizon to horizon in about four. Wake up, it's only a couple of hours until lunchtime, and another two ‘til dinner. I got a whole three hours of sleep last night! Ahh!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where is Earth's spin going? Shakespeare had the answer: \u003cem>\"The Moon's an arrant thief….\"\u003c/em> The momentum of Earth's spin is being slowly siphoned off by the Moon through tidal interaction, which is simultaneously causing the Moon to move farther from the Earth. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/12/02/luna-nova-moon-of-the-cretaceous-skies/\" title=\"Luna Nova: Moon of the Cretaceous Skies\" target=\"_blank\">Once much closer to Earth\u003c/a>, even today the Moon continues to inch away into space--quite literally, at less than two inches per year. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So in the very distant future, we can project that the Moon will have moved much farther from the Earth, and the Earth's rotation will have slowed down even more. At some point the Earth's rotation would match the Moon's orbital period and the Earth will become tidally locked with the Moon, always keeping the same face to it, just as the Moon is currently tidal-locked to the Earth. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In H.G. Wells' vision, the far distant future Earth is tidally locked to the Sun, and the Moon is apparently gone. Would this happen? Will there ever be an Earth with an unending day and unending moonless night (depending on your address)? That could happen, but the Moon would have to leave the picture first, perhaps wandering far enough out that a chance gravitational disturbance by another planet would knock it off the edge of its orbit. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sun is changing too—has changed, and will continue to change—as the dynamics of its nuclear fuel supply mix shifts. As atomic fusion converts hydrogen into helium, helium to carbon, and so forth, the availability of easily released energy will diminish, causing the core to shrink and heat up, in turn causing the outer layers to inflate, becoming more expansive but also cooler and redder. In the very long run, the outer layers will expand beyond Earth's present orbit. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So there is a \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/earth/earth_timeline/future_earth\" title=\"BBC-Earth's distant fate\" target=\"_blank\">future out there\u003c/a> that we can be more certain of than the future shaped by human affairs. It's further out in time than the decades or centuries ahead—and frankly further out than H. G. Wells penned in at 30 million years (little will have changed with the length of a day and the mile markers to the Moon in that time, and I believe the Sun won't make much of a fuss for at least a billion, or more). \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, it's captivating to think what the scenery may be like around the place I stand today, a million or a billion years hence.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37539\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/18/the-once-and-future-earth/browndwarf-2-bryant-2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37539\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/browndwarf-2-bryant1.jpg\" alt=\"Hypothetical exoplanet of a brown dwarf star--similar to a future Earth? Credit: Jeff Bryant\" title=\"Hypothetical exoplanet of a brown dwarf star--similar to a future Earth? Credit: Jeff Bryant\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37539\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/browndwarf-2-bryant1.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/browndwarf-2-bryant1-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hypothetical exoplanet of a brown dwarf star--similar to a future Earth? Credit: Jeff Bryant\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Every now and then, when seeing fresh examples of the world's problems, local or global, I take a deep breath, sigh, and think, \"In a million years, what difference will it all make?\" It may sound fatalistic, and of course current events do matter to our short-timer existences on Earth, but the thought gives me an odd sense of peace and gets me to thinking about the future—the far distant future—of the Earth. It's hard to imagine what the future will bring in ten, a hundred, or even a thousand million years. Where will evolution take life on Earth—including us? How far will human civilization stretch, and what turns will it take? What exciting twists and cliffhangers are in store for the climate? What will be on television?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some things are a bit easier to predict: what the Sun will do and how the Earth and the Earth-Moon relationship will change. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I ran across a web version of the H.G. Wells novel \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.online-literature.com/wellshg/timemachine/\" title=\"The Time Machine\" target=\"_blank\">The Time Machine\u003c/a>\" a couple of weeks ago, and re-reading Chapter 11 I was reminded how insightful the story is with regard to visualizing future possibilities. In this chapter, the Time Traveler probes forward in time, going millions of years into the future and arriving in a tidally-locked Earth under a bloated, reddened Sun, with no Moon in the sky. The ocean was calm and cold, sporting only gentle, lazy swells, and the air was considerably less stocked with oxygen than today. Snow peppered the land and ice fringed the sea, and the only ubiquitous sign that life still existed was a green slime that coated the rocks of the shore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\"All the sounds of man, the bleating of sheep, the cries of birds, the hum of insects, the stir that makes the background of our lives - all that was over.\"\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An alien, cold, and pessimistic view of the future? Well—it can hardly be classified as pessimistic; pessimism is an emotion based on the seeming unchangeability of things we can in fact change. But the Earth's future is commanded by forces scarcely within our power to affect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For one, the Earth's rotation is slowing down. It used to spin much faster—maybe three times as much—but tidal effects of the Moon and Sun have been slowing it down for four and a half billion years. Imagine an eight-hour day, with the Sun crossing from horizon to horizon in about four. Wake up, it's only a couple of hours until lunchtime, and another two ‘til dinner. I got a whole three hours of sleep last night! Ahh!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where is Earth's spin going? Shakespeare had the answer: \u003cem>\"The Moon's an arrant thief….\"\u003c/em> The momentum of Earth's spin is being slowly siphoned off by the Moon through tidal interaction, which is simultaneously causing the Moon to move farther from the Earth. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/12/02/luna-nova-moon-of-the-cretaceous-skies/\" title=\"Luna Nova: Moon of the Cretaceous Skies\" target=\"_blank\">Once much closer to Earth\u003c/a>, even today the Moon continues to inch away into space--quite literally, at less than two inches per year. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So in the very distant future, we can project that the Moon will have moved much farther from the Earth, and the Earth's rotation will have slowed down even more. At some point the Earth's rotation would match the Moon's orbital period and the Earth will become tidally locked with the Moon, always keeping the same face to it, just as the Moon is currently tidal-locked to the Earth. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In H.G. Wells' vision, the far distant future Earth is tidally locked to the Sun, and the Moon is apparently gone. Would this happen? Will there ever be an Earth with an unending day and unending moonless night (depending on your address)? That could happen, but the Moon would have to leave the picture first, perhaps wandering far enough out that a chance gravitational disturbance by another planet would knock it off the edge of its orbit. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sun is changing too—has changed, and will continue to change—as the dynamics of its nuclear fuel supply mix shifts. As atomic fusion converts hydrogen into helium, helium to carbon, and so forth, the availability of easily released energy will diminish, causing the core to shrink and heat up, in turn causing the outer layers to inflate, becoming more expansive but also cooler and redder. In the very long run, the outer layers will expand beyond Earth's present orbit. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So there is a \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/earth/earth_timeline/future_earth\" title=\"BBC-Earth's distant fate\" target=\"_blank\">future out there\u003c/a> that we can be more certain of than the future shaped by human affairs. It's further out in time than the decades or centuries ahead—and frankly further out than H. G. Wells penned in at 30 million years (little will have changed with the length of a day and the mile markers to the Moon in that time, and I believe the Sun won't make much of a fuss for at least a billion, or more). \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, it's captivating to think what the scenery may be like around the place I stand today, a million or a billion years hence.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Black Diamond Regional Mines Preserve Reopens Visitor Center",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38380\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/17/black-diamond-reopens-visitor-center/blackd-portal/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38380\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-portal-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"blackd-portal\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38380\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Greathouse Portal Visitor Center, inside the former Hazel-Atlas sand mine, is open again after five years. Photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With California's state parks under threat of imminent closure, the East Bay Regional Park District is a bright spot for naturegoers. Careful management has maintained steady funding in hard times, and this summer EBRPD's \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/parks/black_diamond\">Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve\u003c/a> promises to be a well-attended place—especially with the long-awaited \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/news/043012a\">reopening of its underground Greathouse Visitor Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Black Diamond is named for its history as California's largest coal district, starting in the 1850s. Coal was a prerequisite of 19th-century technology, and its discovery in the hills south of Antioch helped propel the new state of California to prosperity. It wasn't great coal, being classified as lignite or the lowest grade of coal, but it was good enough to do the job. Several mining towns sprang up here, and for a while this was the biggest settlement in Contra Costa County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38378\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/17/black-diamond-reopens-visitor-center/blackd-coal/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38378\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-coal.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"blackd-coal\" width=\"500\" height=\"332\" class=\"size-full wp-image-38378\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-coal.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-coal-400x266.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fragments of Black Diamond's low-grade lignite coal can still be found in the tailings piles.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The coal didn't run out, but by the 1890s better coal was available from elsewhere so the mines shut down soon after. Next came the exploitation of the premium quartz sand beds beneath the coal. The sand mines supplied glassmakers in Oakland and steelmakers in Pittsburg from the 1920s to the late 1940s. That was when the Greathouse underground chamber was created, in the Hazel-Atlas sand mine. The Regional Parks District repurposed it as a visitor center in the 1970s, but storm damage shut it down in 2007. After five years of painstaking rehab, the room is receiving visitors again every weekend at no charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The old mining district is hidden from the riverside sprawl of Antioch behind a narrow canyon and oak-dotted hills. Driving through the canyon is like leaving the 21st century behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/17/black-diamond-reopens-visitor-center/blackd-entrance/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38379\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-entrance.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"blackd-entrance\" width=\"500\" height=\"340\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38379\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-entrance.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-entrance-400x272.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside, the vegetation is more lush on the higher hills, and miles of trails snake through the country. The area is notable for wildlife and plant species, but geologists find it notable too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/17/black-diamond-reopens-visitor-center/blackd-trail/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38377\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-trail.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"blackd-trail\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38377\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-trail.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-trail-400x266.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bones of the hills are relatively young sedimentary rocks that are well exposed here. They extend all the way across the Central Valley in the subsurface. I look forward to showing you more as I explore this beautiful place.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38380\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/17/black-diamond-reopens-visitor-center/blackd-portal/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38380\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-portal-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"blackd-portal\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38380\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Greathouse Portal Visitor Center, inside the former Hazel-Atlas sand mine, is open again after five years. Photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With California's state parks under threat of imminent closure, the East Bay Regional Park District is a bright spot for naturegoers. Careful management has maintained steady funding in hard times, and this summer EBRPD's \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/parks/black_diamond\">Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve\u003c/a> promises to be a well-attended place—especially with the long-awaited \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/news/043012a\">reopening of its underground Greathouse Visitor Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Black Diamond is named for its history as California's largest coal district, starting in the 1850s. Coal was a prerequisite of 19th-century technology, and its discovery in the hills south of Antioch helped propel the new state of California to prosperity. It wasn't great coal, being classified as lignite or the lowest grade of coal, but it was good enough to do the job. Several mining towns sprang up here, and for a while this was the biggest settlement in Contra Costa County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38378\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/17/black-diamond-reopens-visitor-center/blackd-coal/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38378\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-coal.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"blackd-coal\" width=\"500\" height=\"332\" class=\"size-full wp-image-38378\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-coal.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-coal-400x266.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fragments of Black Diamond's low-grade lignite coal can still be found in the tailings piles.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The coal didn't run out, but by the 1890s better coal was available from elsewhere so the mines shut down soon after. Next came the exploitation of the premium quartz sand beds beneath the coal. The sand mines supplied glassmakers in Oakland and steelmakers in Pittsburg from the 1920s to the late 1940s. That was when the Greathouse underground chamber was created, in the Hazel-Atlas sand mine. The Regional Parks District repurposed it as a visitor center in the 1970s, but storm damage shut it down in 2007. After five years of painstaking rehab, the room is receiving visitors again every weekend at no charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The old mining district is hidden from the riverside sprawl of Antioch behind a narrow canyon and oak-dotted hills. Driving through the canyon is like leaving the 21st century behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/17/black-diamond-reopens-visitor-center/blackd-entrance/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38379\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-entrance.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"blackd-entrance\" width=\"500\" height=\"340\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38379\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-entrance.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-entrance-400x272.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside, the vegetation is more lush on the higher hills, and miles of trails snake through the country. The area is notable for wildlife and plant species, but geologists find it notable too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/17/black-diamond-reopens-visitor-center/blackd-trail/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38377\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-trail.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"blackd-trail\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-38377\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-trail.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/blackd-trail-400x266.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bones of the hills are relatively young sedimentary rocks that are well exposed here. They extend all the way across the Central Valley in the subsurface. I look forward to showing you more as I explore this beautiful place.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38676\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/17/a-ribbon-cutting-with-a-green-twist/picture-2-3/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38676\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38676\" title=\"Gas Hose Ribbon Cutting\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Picture-22-300x169.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo of Ribbon Cutting by Christopher Lane\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>5/22/12 Update: I was just sent images from Christopher Lane, Assistant Director of Marketing at the Stanford Shopping Center, who helped produce this press event so I'm updating this blog with one of his images. (A link to all the images is given at the end of this blog.)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the afternoon of Tuesday, May 15, 2012, I hitched a ride with my closest friend from San Francisco out to Palo Alto to attend the ribbon cutting for the first public fast charger in California for electric vehicles in Stanford Mall. This was definitely a green carpet event as it took place in the shopping mall’s garage within walking distance of the fast charger. Many people drove in zero emission cars to attend and the podium was lined on both sides with electric vehicles. Out of the many electric vehicles that were parked, most of them were \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/01/12/life-with-the-leaf-lessons-from-an-early-adopter/\">Nissan Leafs\u003c/a>, the same model we drove in from San Francisco. I counted 17 electric vehicles in all which I was told was a modest turnout at a EV event!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now I’m not new to electric vehicles and the infrastructure. I tagged along with Obrie Hostetter, the Northern California EV Infrastructure Director at \u003ca href=\"http://350green.com/\">350 Green\u003c/a>, a developer of electric vehicle (EV) charging station networks. Her company, along with a partnership with the city of Palo Alto and John Ryan Company, Inc., was responsible for the permitting and construction necessary to place the Level 3 Fast Charger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A level 2 charger will take about 7 hours to fully charge an EV battery; the Level 3 fast charger can charge the battery up to 80% in 30 minutes. Most EV owners do the majority of their charging at night at home and stay within a close proximity mitigating \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/02/03/life-with-the-leaf-5-tips-to-beat-range-anxiety/\">“range anxiety”\u003c/a>. To give you an example: the ideal range of a Nissan Leaf for freeway driving is about 100 miles. With an infrastructure of fast chargers, that range can be increased without spending a lot of time to recharge the battery. This is just the first step in a fast charger infrastructure, as plans are in place to install 25 public fast chargers near retail locations by the fall of 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EV drivers sign up for a payment \u003ca href=\"https://350green.com/card/\">card\u003c/a> from 350Green to use the fast charger station. Use of the card and how to properly use the station was demonstrated after remarks from Palo Alto's Mayor Yiaway Yeh as well as the partners involved in making the public charging station possible. There were quite a few statistics that came out that were enlightening about this new technological movement: 1) There are over 3000 EVs in the Silicon Valley making Palo Alto a great corner stone for the EV infrastructure; the fast charger has already gotten quite a bit of use -- since being turned on, it’s been used 3 to 4 times a day; 136 EV drivers have already signed up for the payment card to use at the station and the infrastructure to follow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what is the best ribbon to cut at such a green event? Applause went up when a gas hose was cut in front of the fast charger station and the Nissan Leaf it was charging with 100% renewable energy!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More photos of this event can be found \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.10150963301784462.478479.179798759461&type=1http://\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38676\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/17/a-ribbon-cutting-with-a-green-twist/picture-2-3/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38676\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38676\" title=\"Gas Hose Ribbon Cutting\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Picture-22-300x169.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo of Ribbon Cutting by Christopher Lane\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>5/22/12 Update: I was just sent images from Christopher Lane, Assistant Director of Marketing at the Stanford Shopping Center, who helped produce this press event so I'm updating this blog with one of his images. (A link to all the images is given at the end of this blog.)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the afternoon of Tuesday, May 15, 2012, I hitched a ride with my closest friend from San Francisco out to Palo Alto to attend the ribbon cutting for the first public fast charger in California for electric vehicles in Stanford Mall. This was definitely a green carpet event as it took place in the shopping mall’s garage within walking distance of the fast charger. Many people drove in zero emission cars to attend and the podium was lined on both sides with electric vehicles. Out of the many electric vehicles that were parked, most of them were \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/01/12/life-with-the-leaf-lessons-from-an-early-adopter/\">Nissan Leafs\u003c/a>, the same model we drove in from San Francisco. I counted 17 electric vehicles in all which I was told was a modest turnout at a EV event!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now I’m not new to electric vehicles and the infrastructure. I tagged along with Obrie Hostetter, the Northern California EV Infrastructure Director at \u003ca href=\"http://350green.com/\">350 Green\u003c/a>, a developer of electric vehicle (EV) charging station networks. Her company, along with a partnership with the city of Palo Alto and John Ryan Company, Inc., was responsible for the permitting and construction necessary to place the Level 3 Fast Charger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A level 2 charger will take about 7 hours to fully charge an EV battery; the Level 3 fast charger can charge the battery up to 80% in 30 minutes. Most EV owners do the majority of their charging at night at home and stay within a close proximity mitigating \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/02/03/life-with-the-leaf-5-tips-to-beat-range-anxiety/\">“range anxiety”\u003c/a>. To give you an example: the ideal range of a Nissan Leaf for freeway driving is about 100 miles. With an infrastructure of fast chargers, that range can be increased without spending a lot of time to recharge the battery. This is just the first step in a fast charger infrastructure, as plans are in place to install 25 public fast chargers near retail locations by the fall of 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EV drivers sign up for a payment \u003ca href=\"https://350green.com/card/\">card\u003c/a> from 350Green to use the fast charger station. Use of the card and how to properly use the station was demonstrated after remarks from Palo Alto's Mayor Yiaway Yeh as well as the partners involved in making the public charging station possible. There were quite a few statistics that came out that were enlightening about this new technological movement: 1) There are over 3000 EVs in the Silicon Valley making Palo Alto a great corner stone for the EV infrastructure; the fast charger has already gotten quite a bit of use -- since being turned on, it’s been used 3 to 4 times a day; 136 EV drivers have already signed up for the payment card to use at the station and the infrastructure to follow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38099\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/16/making-women-partners-in-breast-cancer-research/cancercellsi640/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38099\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/CancerCellsI640-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"breast cancer cells\" title=\"breast cancer cells\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38099\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cancer cells under a microscope. Colored stains mark different compartments in the cell. The nucleus is red and lysosomes (which break down waste) are purple. (Image: Carolin Zehetmeier, Morphosys AG, Germany)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dr. Susan Love thinks breast cancer researchers need to get over their addiction to rodents. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>America’s most famous breast cancer surgeon started treating women some 30 years ago. “And we’re still doing the same thing we did when I started,” she told a crowd in San Francisco last month at the \u003ca href=\"http://sagecongress.org/\">Sage Bionetworks conference\u003c/a>, aimed at transforming biomedical research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Surgery radiation, chemotherapy, hormones, and now we’ve added a little bit of targeted therapies,” said Love, a clinical professor of surgery at UCLA. “We never subtract anything, mind you, we only add things on top. And our results are about the same.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/statistics/trends.htm\">breast cancer incidence and mortality\u003c/a> have decreased since 1998, by 1.3% and 2% respectively, more than 200,000 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer this year and more than 40,000 will die from it. Nearly 110 women die from breast cancer every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts think earlier detection and better treatments account for the decline in deaths, but screening carries risks. With mass screening comes overdiagnosis—that is, diagnosing a condition that would not prove symptomatic or fatal—and \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=bRKc7YqFNps\">with overdiagnosis comes overtreatment\u003c/a> and other potential harms (see video below). Screening technology can’t distinguish between aggressive and harmless tumors, which can shrink or even disappear on their own. Overdiagnosis will likely just increase as imaging technology finds smaller and smaller tumors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medical experts acknowledged in an editorial in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.annals.org/content/156/7/536.full\">Annals of Internal Medicine\u003c/a> last month that it’s time to recognize overdiagnosis as a serious problem. Most patient-education materials don’t even mention overdiagnosis and most women aren’t aware of the possibility, the authors said. As they pointed out, and any woman knows, “the impact of a cancer diagnosis lasts a lifetime.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard to think of a physician who’s done more to acknowledge the trauma of breast cancer than the author of the best-selling “Dr. Susan Love’s Breast Book,” now in its fifth edition. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That book, along with Love's early refusal to accept the oxymoronic (emphasis on moronic) “early detection is your best prevention” mantra of mainstream cancer and advocacy organizations, won her a place of honor among frustrated breast cancer activists, who know all too well that if you can diagnose cancer, you haven't prevented it. Detecting it, by definition, means it's there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38139\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 245px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/16/making-women-partners-in-breast-cancer-research/louis-jacques_goussier_enzyklopadie_diderot_pl_xxix-3/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38139\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Louis-Jacques_Goussier_Enzyklop%C3%A4die_Diderot_Pl_XXIX2-245x360.jpg\" alt=\"breast cancer surgery tools\" title=\"breast cancer surgery tools\" width=\"245\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-38139\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The surgical tools used on breast cancer patients in the 18th century look gruesome, but aren't really so far removed from the \"slash, burn and poison\" approach to breast cancer today. (Illustration: Louis-Jacques Goussier)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Activists have long \u003ca href=\"http://bcaction.org/2007/02/21/from-the-executive-director-of-pills-prevention-and-politics/\">pushed researchers to shift their focus\u003c/a> from treatments and cures to true prevention. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite $4 billion spent on breast cancer research, researchers still don’t know what causes it or how to prevent it. Yet Love believes that the tools exist to “eradicate breast cancer within our lifetime” if we ask the right questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for decades, Love has helped shine the spotlight on causes, not cures, to spare women from that dreaded diagnosis. But that goal will remain elusive, she believes, as long as researchers keep studying the disease in rodents. That’s because mice and rats don’t get breast cancer. Researchers have to give it to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So she’s been trying to wean researchers off rodents. “I can say this is a good study, you could do that in women, and they say, ‘Let me tell you about my rats.’ ” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet researchers can learn valuable insights into the origins of disease by comparing people with an illness to matched cohorts of healthy people, as the legendary \u003ca href=\"http://www.channing.harvard.edu/nhs/\">Nurses’ Health Study\u003c/a> has demonstrated for heart disease, diabetes and other conditions. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finding the causes and, ultimately, how to prevent breast cancer requires a radical shift in thinking, Love said. And that means that at least some researchers have to give up their rats and mice and start working with the people who get the disease. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers used to tell Love that even if they did want to study women, they didn’t know how to find them. But she knew that was the easy part. So for more than three years, the Dr. Susan Love Research Foundation has been recruiting an online \"army of women\" with a target of enrolling “one million women and a few good men.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38216\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 270px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/16/making-women-partners-in-breast-cancer-research/susan-love-unplugged/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38216\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Susan-Love-Unplugged-270x360.jpg\" alt=\"susan love at sage bionetworks\" title=\"Susan Love at Sage Bionetworks\" width=\"270\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-38216\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Susan Love spoke at the Sage Bionetworks conference in San Francisco last month. The Seattle-based nonprofit is dedicated to “moving beyond the current medical information system and its rewards.” \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Scientists come to us with studies that need people, and we e-blast them out to everybody in the army,” Love said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, they’ve recruited 365,000 women for about 60 studies. Seven in 10 of the women don’t have breast cancer, but are \"altruistic,” Love said. They’re willing to undergo unpleasant procedures to help researchers figure out root causes. In one study, women in the control group had to endure a sigmoidoscopy and a biopsy. And Love got more enrollees than researchers could use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the end of this summer, the foundation will be launching its own \u003ca href=\"http://www.armyofwomen.org/how_splash/pdf/HOW_2012.pdf\">Health of Women Study.\u003c/a> The large online breast cancer cohort study will follow women with and without a diagnosis to identify new risk factors. It will also follow breast cancer survivors to identify factors that predict long-term survival and consequences of different therapies. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any woman over 18 \u003ca href=\"https://www.armyofwomen.org/getinvolved\">can register online\u003c/a> or with a mobile phone. (Men are welcome, too.) \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Love’s study will let participants suggest questions they’d like to see tested, because she thinks you don’t need a PhD to come up with a good idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She told her San Francisco audience that early theories about the cause of \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/hpv/\">human papillomavirus\u003c/a> (HPV) came from observations of people who knew a man whose wife died of cervical cancer, and who then married a second woman who died of the same cancer. “They said, well maybe it’s the guy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then we figured out it was sexually transmitted, then we figured out it was a virus and now we have a vaccine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Potentially, Love reminds us, “Everybody is a patient.” She thinks eliminating disease is something we should all do together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bRKc7YqFNps]”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38099\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/16/making-women-partners-in-breast-cancer-research/cancercellsi640/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38099\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/CancerCellsI640-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"breast cancer cells\" title=\"breast cancer cells\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38099\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cancer cells under a microscope. Colored stains mark different compartments in the cell. The nucleus is red and lysosomes (which break down waste) are purple. (Image: Carolin Zehetmeier, Morphosys AG, Germany)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dr. Susan Love thinks breast cancer researchers need to get over their addiction to rodents. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>America’s most famous breast cancer surgeon started treating women some 30 years ago. “And we’re still doing the same thing we did when I started,” she told a crowd in San Francisco last month at the \u003ca href=\"http://sagecongress.org/\">Sage Bionetworks conference\u003c/a>, aimed at transforming biomedical research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Surgery radiation, chemotherapy, hormones, and now we’ve added a little bit of targeted therapies,” said Love, a clinical professor of surgery at UCLA. “We never subtract anything, mind you, we only add things on top. And our results are about the same.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/statistics/trends.htm\">breast cancer incidence and mortality\u003c/a> have decreased since 1998, by 1.3% and 2% respectively, more than 200,000 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer this year and more than 40,000 will die from it. Nearly 110 women die from breast cancer every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts think earlier detection and better treatments account for the decline in deaths, but screening carries risks. With mass screening comes overdiagnosis—that is, diagnosing a condition that would not prove symptomatic or fatal—and \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=bRKc7YqFNps\">with overdiagnosis comes overtreatment\u003c/a> and other potential harms (see video below). Screening technology can’t distinguish between aggressive and harmless tumors, which can shrink or even disappear on their own. Overdiagnosis will likely just increase as imaging technology finds smaller and smaller tumors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medical experts acknowledged in an editorial in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.annals.org/content/156/7/536.full\">Annals of Internal Medicine\u003c/a> last month that it’s time to recognize overdiagnosis as a serious problem. Most patient-education materials don’t even mention overdiagnosis and most women aren’t aware of the possibility, the authors said. As they pointed out, and any woman knows, “the impact of a cancer diagnosis lasts a lifetime.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard to think of a physician who’s done more to acknowledge the trauma of breast cancer than the author of the best-selling “Dr. Susan Love’s Breast Book,” now in its fifth edition. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That book, along with Love's early refusal to accept the oxymoronic (emphasis on moronic) “early detection is your best prevention” mantra of mainstream cancer and advocacy organizations, won her a place of honor among frustrated breast cancer activists, who know all too well that if you can diagnose cancer, you haven't prevented it. Detecting it, by definition, means it's there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38139\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 245px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/16/making-women-partners-in-breast-cancer-research/louis-jacques_goussier_enzyklopadie_diderot_pl_xxix-3/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38139\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Louis-Jacques_Goussier_Enzyklop%C3%A4die_Diderot_Pl_XXIX2-245x360.jpg\" alt=\"breast cancer surgery tools\" title=\"breast cancer surgery tools\" width=\"245\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-38139\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The surgical tools used on breast cancer patients in the 18th century look gruesome, but aren't really so far removed from the \"slash, burn and poison\" approach to breast cancer today. (Illustration: Louis-Jacques Goussier)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Activists have long \u003ca href=\"http://bcaction.org/2007/02/21/from-the-executive-director-of-pills-prevention-and-politics/\">pushed researchers to shift their focus\u003c/a> from treatments and cures to true prevention. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite $4 billion spent on breast cancer research, researchers still don’t know what causes it or how to prevent it. Yet Love believes that the tools exist to “eradicate breast cancer within our lifetime” if we ask the right questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for decades, Love has helped shine the spotlight on causes, not cures, to spare women from that dreaded diagnosis. But that goal will remain elusive, she believes, as long as researchers keep studying the disease in rodents. That’s because mice and rats don’t get breast cancer. Researchers have to give it to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So she’s been trying to wean researchers off rodents. “I can say this is a good study, you could do that in women, and they say, ‘Let me tell you about my rats.’ ” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet researchers can learn valuable insights into the origins of disease by comparing people with an illness to matched cohorts of healthy people, as the legendary \u003ca href=\"http://www.channing.harvard.edu/nhs/\">Nurses’ Health Study\u003c/a> has demonstrated for heart disease, diabetes and other conditions. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finding the causes and, ultimately, how to prevent breast cancer requires a radical shift in thinking, Love said. And that means that at least some researchers have to give up their rats and mice and start working with the people who get the disease. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers used to tell Love that even if they did want to study women, they didn’t know how to find them. But she knew that was the easy part. So for more than three years, the Dr. Susan Love Research Foundation has been recruiting an online \"army of women\" with a target of enrolling “one million women and a few good men.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38216\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 270px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/16/making-women-partners-in-breast-cancer-research/susan-love-unplugged/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38216\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Susan-Love-Unplugged-270x360.jpg\" alt=\"susan love at sage bionetworks\" title=\"Susan Love at Sage Bionetworks\" width=\"270\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-38216\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Susan Love spoke at the Sage Bionetworks conference in San Francisco last month. The Seattle-based nonprofit is dedicated to “moving beyond the current medical information system and its rewards.” \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Scientists come to us with studies that need people, and we e-blast them out to everybody in the army,” Love said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, they’ve recruited 365,000 women for about 60 studies. Seven in 10 of the women don’t have breast cancer, but are \"altruistic,” Love said. They’re willing to undergo unpleasant procedures to help researchers figure out root causes. In one study, women in the control group had to endure a sigmoidoscopy and a biopsy. And Love got more enrollees than researchers could use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the end of this summer, the foundation will be launching its own \u003ca href=\"http://www.armyofwomen.org/how_splash/pdf/HOW_2012.pdf\">Health of Women Study.\u003c/a> The large online breast cancer cohort study will follow women with and without a diagnosis to identify new risk factors. It will also follow breast cancer survivors to identify factors that predict long-term survival and consequences of different therapies. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any woman over 18 \u003ca href=\"https://www.armyofwomen.org/getinvolved\">can register online\u003c/a> or with a mobile phone. (Men are welcome, too.) \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Love’s study will let participants suggest questions they’d like to see tested, because she thinks you don’t need a PhD to come up with a good idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She told her San Francisco audience that early theories about the cause of \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/hpv/\">human papillomavirus\u003c/a> (HPV) came from observations of people who knew a man whose wife died of cervical cancer, and who then married a second woman who died of the same cancer. “They said, well maybe it’s the guy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then we figured out it was sexually transmitted, then we figured out it was a virus and now we have a vaccine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Potentially, Love reminds us, “Everybody is a patient.” She thinks eliminating disease is something we should all do together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/16/try-this-at-home-fresh-cheese/queso-fresco-resize/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38350\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/queso-fresco-resize-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"queso fresco\" title=\"queso fresco resize\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38350\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opening the refrigerator to find a gallon of spoiled milk is a rotten way to start the day. But for fresh cheese makers, every day begins with sour milk. Here’s why: 80% of the proteins in milk belong to a family called caseins. Adding acid to milk, like lemon juice or vinegar, makes these invisible proteins visible as a white, chunky solid we call the curds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a glass of milk, caseins aggregate into small spheres called micelles. The outside of each protein cluster is negatively charged, causing neighboring spheres to repel each other. Thus, these micelles remain evenly distributed throughout the milk. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acidic vinegar neutralizes the negative charge on the spheres. With the repulsive force gone, the protein clusters clump together and form an observable solid, the curds. When chefs collect the curds and discard the liquid whey, they have \u003ca href=\"http://www.thekitchn.com/queso-fresco-the-cheesemonger-91408\">queso fresco\u003c/a>. Try it yourself with \u003ca href=\"http://www.thekitchn.com/make-queso-fresco-the-cheesemo-99011\">this recipe\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stretching the hot curds instead of pressing them into a cake gives you homemade mozzarella cheese. I've tried to make mozzarella using \u003ca href=\"http://www.cheesemaking.com/store/pg/242-FAQ-Mozzarella.html\">this kit\u003c/a>, but it only worked once. That's because the quality of the curds depends on the type of milk that you use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/16/try-this-at-home-fresh-cheese/caprese-image/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38341\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/caprese-image.jpg\" alt=\"caprese salad\" title=\"caprese image\" width=\"212\" height=\"320\" class=\"size-full wp-image-38341\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most milk from the grocery store has been ultra-pasteurized, meaning it's been heated to temperatures above 172° Fahrenheit. That extra heat disturbs the casein proteins. Curds from ultra-pasteurized milk don't stick together and stretch as nicely as they do when made from milk that has been pasteurized. I've had a hard time finding milk not labeled UP or UHP, so I haven't tried to make mozzarella at home again. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now I'm hankering for a mozzarella, tomato and basil salad. Guess I'd better find some pasteurized milk before summer comes! \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/16/try-this-at-home-fresh-cheese/queso-fresco-resize/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38350\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/queso-fresco-resize-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"queso fresco\" title=\"queso fresco resize\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38350\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opening the refrigerator to find a gallon of spoiled milk is a rotten way to start the day. But for fresh cheese makers, every day begins with sour milk. Here’s why: 80% of the proteins in milk belong to a family called caseins. Adding acid to milk, like lemon juice or vinegar, makes these invisible proteins visible as a white, chunky solid we call the curds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a glass of milk, caseins aggregate into small spheres called micelles. The outside of each protein cluster is negatively charged, causing neighboring spheres to repel each other. Thus, these micelles remain evenly distributed throughout the milk. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acidic vinegar neutralizes the negative charge on the spheres. With the repulsive force gone, the protein clusters clump together and form an observable solid, the curds. When chefs collect the curds and discard the liquid whey, they have \u003ca href=\"http://www.thekitchn.com/queso-fresco-the-cheesemonger-91408\">queso fresco\u003c/a>. Try it yourself with \u003ca href=\"http://www.thekitchn.com/make-queso-fresco-the-cheesemo-99011\">this recipe\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stretching the hot curds instead of pressing them into a cake gives you homemade mozzarella cheese. I've tried to make mozzarella using \u003ca href=\"http://www.cheesemaking.com/store/pg/242-FAQ-Mozzarella.html\">this kit\u003c/a>, but it only worked once. That's because the quality of the curds depends on the type of milk that you use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/16/try-this-at-home-fresh-cheese/caprese-image/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38341\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/caprese-image.jpg\" alt=\"caprese salad\" title=\"caprese image\" width=\"212\" height=\"320\" class=\"size-full wp-image-38341\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most milk from the grocery store has been ultra-pasteurized, meaning it's been heated to temperatures above 172° Fahrenheit. That extra heat disturbs the casein proteins. Curds from ultra-pasteurized milk don't stick together and stretch as nicely as they do when made from milk that has been pasteurized. I've had a hard time finding milk not labeled UP or UHP, so I haven't tried to make mozzarella at home again. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now I'm hankering for a mozzarella, tomato and basil salad. Guess I'd better find some pasteurized milk before summer comes! \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Tomorrow’s Science Illustrators Step Up To the Plate",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/15/tomorrow%e2%80%99s-science-illustrators-step-up-to-the-plate/lmundy_redeyedtreefrogs/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38242\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/LMundy_redeyedtreefrogs.jpg\" alt=\"Red-eyed Tree Frogs by Laurel Mundy.\" title=\"LMundy_redeyedtreefrogs\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-38242\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/LMundy_redeyedtreefrogs.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/LMundy_redeyedtreefrogs-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/15/tomorrow%e2%80%99s-science-illustrators-step-up-to-the-plate/leafy-sea-dragon/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38248\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/leafy-sea-dragon-226x253.jpg\" alt=\"Leafy Sea Dragon by Natalia Wilkins\" title=\"leafy sea dragon\" width=\"226\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-38248\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Science illustration began in a time when drawing was the only way to record the anatomy of a bird or the life stages of a flower. While it's charming to envision Darwin sketching in a field notebook, is illustration still useful today, when it seems every cell phone has an 8 MB camera with zoom, auto-focus, and image stabilization?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/15/tomorrow%e2%80%99s-science-illustrators-step-up-to-the-plate/justineshih-marimo/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38247\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/JustineShih-Marimo.jpg\" alt=\"JustineShih-Marimo\" title=\"JustineShih-Marimo\" width=\"200\" class=\"size-full wp-image-38247\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://scienceillustration.org/index.htm\" title=\"Science Illustration Program\">Science Illustration Certificate Program\u003c/a> at Cal State University, Monterey Bay, gives a resounding \"yes,\" and the success of its graduates lends credence to that answer. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Illustration and photography are both powerful tools of modern science and education. There's nothing like a photo to record, for example, the unique identifying pattern on a \u003ca href=\"http://www.alaskahumpbacks.org/flukeIDcatalog.html\" title=\"Alaska Humpback Whale Fluke ID Catalog\">whale's flukes\u003c/a> as they make a fleeting appearance above the water. But an illustration is uniquely suited to convey the similarities and differences of all cetacean species in a \u003ca href=\"http://acsonline.org/shop-acs/whales-of-the-world-poster/\" title=\"ACS - Whales of the World\">comparative poster\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/15/tomorrow%e2%80%99s-science-illustrators-step-up-to-the-plate/50-bills-of-ardeinae-herons-jillian-walters/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38243\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/50-Bills-of-Ardeinae-Herons-Jillian-Walters-358x253.jpg\" alt=\"50-Bills of Ardeinae Herons-Jillian Walters\" title=\"50-Bills of Ardeinae Herons-Jillian Walters\" width=\"358\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-38243\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \"Program\", as it is affectionately known, trains fifteen students every year in the skills of science illustration. Techniques range from the obvious, like graphite and watercolor, to things you've probably never heard of unless you're an artist, like coquille and scratchboard. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students also become adept with digital tools (but how many people can use Photoshop \u003cem>well\u003c/em>?). They learn to sketch in the field, to create \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trompe-l'%C5%93il\" title=\"Trompe L'Oeil\">trompe l'oeil\u003c/a> compositions and to design infographics and interactive displays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CSUMB students complete their training with summer internships at magazines, museums, and parks. The Smithsonian is a popular destination. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/15/tomorrow%e2%80%99s-science-illustrators-step-up-to-the-plate/carter_alveoli/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38246\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Carter_Alveoli-226x169.jpg\" alt=\"Alveoli by Leigh Anne Carter\" title=\"Carter_Alveoli\" width=\"226\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38246\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some graduates may go on to regular employment, but the job of science illustrator is more often a freelance one these days. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/15/tomorrow%e2%80%99s-science-illustrators-step-up-to-the-plate/blueringprismacolor/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38249\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/BlueRingPrismacolor-307x360.jpg\" alt=\"Blue-Ringed Octopus by Meghan Rock\" title=\"BlueRingPrismacolor\" width=\"200\" class=\"size-large wp-image-38249\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They have their work cut out for them. Once you start looking, you see science illustration everywhere: in aquariums and on hiking trails, in field guides and textbooks, in the doctor's office and even in legal briefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some truly spectacular examples can be seen right now on the walls of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pgmuseum.org/exhibits\" title=\"PG Museum Exhibits\">Pacific Grove Museum of Natural History\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Illustrating Nature,\" the Program’s end-of-year exhibit, is open until June 18th, and it's just as fun and educational as the \"Art of Nature\" show in Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I learned that the \"lucky bamboo\" my aunt gave me at my wedding is actually not related to real bamboo at all, and that the novelist Vladimir Nabokov made a seminal discovery about the evolution of butterflies. Who knew?\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/15/tomorrow%e2%80%99s-science-illustrators-step-up-to-the-plate/lmundy_redeyedtreefrogs/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38242\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/LMundy_redeyedtreefrogs.jpg\" alt=\"Red-eyed Tree Frogs by Laurel Mundy.\" title=\"LMundy_redeyedtreefrogs\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-38242\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/LMundy_redeyedtreefrogs.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/LMundy_redeyedtreefrogs-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/15/tomorrow%e2%80%99s-science-illustrators-step-up-to-the-plate/leafy-sea-dragon/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38248\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/leafy-sea-dragon-226x253.jpg\" alt=\"Leafy Sea Dragon by Natalia Wilkins\" title=\"leafy sea dragon\" width=\"226\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-38248\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Science illustration began in a time when drawing was the only way to record the anatomy of a bird or the life stages of a flower. While it's charming to envision Darwin sketching in a field notebook, is illustration still useful today, when it seems every cell phone has an 8 MB camera with zoom, auto-focus, and image stabilization?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/15/tomorrow%e2%80%99s-science-illustrators-step-up-to-the-plate/justineshih-marimo/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38247\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/JustineShih-Marimo.jpg\" alt=\"JustineShih-Marimo\" title=\"JustineShih-Marimo\" width=\"200\" class=\"size-full wp-image-38247\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://scienceillustration.org/index.htm\" title=\"Science Illustration Program\">Science Illustration Certificate Program\u003c/a> at Cal State University, Monterey Bay, gives a resounding \"yes,\" and the success of its graduates lends credence to that answer. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Illustration and photography are both powerful tools of modern science and education. There's nothing like a photo to record, for example, the unique identifying pattern on a \u003ca href=\"http://www.alaskahumpbacks.org/flukeIDcatalog.html\" title=\"Alaska Humpback Whale Fluke ID Catalog\">whale's flukes\u003c/a> as they make a fleeting appearance above the water. But an illustration is uniquely suited to convey the similarities and differences of all cetacean species in a \u003ca href=\"http://acsonline.org/shop-acs/whales-of-the-world-poster/\" title=\"ACS - Whales of the World\">comparative poster\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/15/tomorrow%e2%80%99s-science-illustrators-step-up-to-the-plate/50-bills-of-ardeinae-herons-jillian-walters/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38243\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/50-Bills-of-Ardeinae-Herons-Jillian-Walters-358x253.jpg\" alt=\"50-Bills of Ardeinae Herons-Jillian Walters\" title=\"50-Bills of Ardeinae Herons-Jillian Walters\" width=\"358\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-38243\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \"Program\", as it is affectionately known, trains fifteen students every year in the skills of science illustration. Techniques range from the obvious, like graphite and watercolor, to things you've probably never heard of unless you're an artist, like coquille and scratchboard. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students also become adept with digital tools (but how many people can use Photoshop \u003cem>well\u003c/em>?). They learn to sketch in the field, to create \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trompe-l'%C5%93il\" title=\"Trompe L'Oeil\">trompe l'oeil\u003c/a> compositions and to design infographics and interactive displays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CSUMB students complete their training with summer internships at magazines, museums, and parks. The Smithsonian is a popular destination. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/15/tomorrow%e2%80%99s-science-illustrators-step-up-to-the-plate/carter_alveoli/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38246\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Carter_Alveoli-226x169.jpg\" alt=\"Alveoli by Leigh Anne Carter\" title=\"Carter_Alveoli\" width=\"226\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38246\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some graduates may go on to regular employment, but the job of science illustrator is more often a freelance one these days. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/15/tomorrow%e2%80%99s-science-illustrators-step-up-to-the-plate/blueringprismacolor/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38249\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/BlueRingPrismacolor-307x360.jpg\" alt=\"Blue-Ringed Octopus by Meghan Rock\" title=\"BlueRingPrismacolor\" width=\"200\" class=\"size-large wp-image-38249\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They have their work cut out for them. Once you start looking, you see science illustration everywhere: in aquariums and on hiking trails, in field guides and textbooks, in the doctor's office and even in legal briefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some truly spectacular examples can be seen right now on the walls of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pgmuseum.org/exhibits\" title=\"PG Museum Exhibits\">Pacific Grove Museum of Natural History\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Illustrating Nature,\" the Program’s end-of-year exhibit, is open until June 18th, and it's just as fun and educational as the \"Art of Nature\" show in Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I learned that the \"lucky bamboo\" my aunt gave me at my wedding is actually not related to real bamboo at all, and that the novelist Vladimir Nabokov made a seminal discovery about the evolution of butterflies. Who knew?\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>I’d like to switch places with \u003ca href=\"http://kipevansphotography.com/\">Kip Evans\u003c/a> for a few months. He’s a professional photographer, underwater explorer, and award-winning cinematographer from Pacific Grove, California and we are delighted to be featuring on QUEST an excerpt of his short film, “\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/MhiVfF-vM-g\" target=\"_blank\">Isla Holbox: Whale Shark Island\u003c/a>.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The film is about an unusually large population of whale sharks that gathers off the coast of Mexico’s \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isla_Holbox\">Holbox Island\u003c/a> during the summer months to feed and mate. Narrated by marine biologist, Sylvia Earle, the film explores how the recent discovery of this population of whale sharks – the largest fish in the world- is shifting the economic focus of the surrounding area from fishing to eco-tourism. The film highlights the successes as well as the ecological concerns that have arisen from this transition. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37868\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 263px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Whale-Shark-Verticle-Feeding-Kip-Evans_MG_1393_21-263x360.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Whale Shark Verticle Feeding Kip Evans_MG_1393_2\" width=\"263\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-37868\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Diver and whale shark vertical feeding. Photo by Kip Evans\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If I was actually able to switch places with Kip Evans, I’m not sure how he would feel about working at KQED and running the QUEST TV series. I’ll admit, my job is pretty much as cool as it gets for a Bay Area science geek and TV producer like me, but Evans's resume makes the day-to-day aspects of my job look downright mundane. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s an internationally known photographer who’s been widely published in books and magazines including National Geographic, Outside, Sea and Patagonia. He’s an underwater cinematographer and documentary producer who’s worked on shows for BBC, CNN, Discovery Channel and National Geographic. He’s also the Director of Photography and Expeditions for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sylviaearlealliance.org/\">Sylvia Earle Alliance\u003c/a> and has served for many years as the great marine biologist’s chief photographer and videographer. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I first became aware of Kip Evans's work in 2008 when I produced a QUEST TV story about \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/profile-sylvia-earle/\">Sylvia Earle\u003c/a>. We only had about two hours to shoot an interview with Earle and that was all the time she could give us for the whole story. We normally shoot with the main subjects of our stories for two or three days in order to get enough footage to make a 10-minute story. So, because I had only a sit-down interview with Earle, I had to acquire all of the footage and photographs of her throughout her career. We were happy to locate Kip Evans and licensed some spectacular underwater footage and photographs from him. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37799\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 377px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Sylvia-Earle-in-a-Deep-Rover_horiz-377x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Dr. Sylvia Earle in the Deep Rover submarine. \" width=\"377\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-37799\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Sylvia Earle in the Deep Rover submarine. Photo by Kip Evans\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So, when I was thinking about who we could feature in our new segment, “Your Videos on QUEST,” where we feature the work Bay Area filmmakers who tell science, environment and nature stories, I immediately thought of Evans. I feel lucky that he answered the phone when I first called because it seems that he’s often traveling around the world to shoot photographs and video about what he and Sylvia Earle call “Hope Spots”- places that are critically in need of protection and conservation because they are vital to saving what’s left of the planet’s oceans. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I was in college studying biology and cinema production, my dream was to one day, travel the world as a cinematographer shooting films and TV shows about science and nature. I’m not at all disappointed with where I ended up but I realize that one of the most special things about my job is that I get to meet people like Kip Evans and Sylvia Earle and showcase the important work they are doing to protect the environment. I suppose it’s the next best thing to being them. \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>I’d like to switch places with \u003ca href=\"http://kipevansphotography.com/\">Kip Evans\u003c/a> for a few months. He’s a professional photographer, underwater explorer, and award-winning cinematographer from Pacific Grove, California and we are delighted to be featuring on QUEST an excerpt of his short film, “\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/MhiVfF-vM-g\" target=\"_blank\">Isla Holbox: Whale Shark Island\u003c/a>.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The film is about an unusually large population of whale sharks that gathers off the coast of Mexico’s \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isla_Holbox\">Holbox Island\u003c/a> during the summer months to feed and mate. Narrated by marine biologist, Sylvia Earle, the film explores how the recent discovery of this population of whale sharks – the largest fish in the world- is shifting the economic focus of the surrounding area from fishing to eco-tourism. The film highlights the successes as well as the ecological concerns that have arisen from this transition. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37868\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 263px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Whale-Shark-Verticle-Feeding-Kip-Evans_MG_1393_21-263x360.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Whale Shark Verticle Feeding Kip Evans_MG_1393_2\" width=\"263\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-37868\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Diver and whale shark vertical feeding. Photo by Kip Evans\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If I was actually able to switch places with Kip Evans, I’m not sure how he would feel about working at KQED and running the QUEST TV series. I’ll admit, my job is pretty much as cool as it gets for a Bay Area science geek and TV producer like me, but Evans's resume makes the day-to-day aspects of my job look downright mundane. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s an internationally known photographer who’s been widely published in books and magazines including National Geographic, Outside, Sea and Patagonia. He’s an underwater cinematographer and documentary producer who’s worked on shows for BBC, CNN, Discovery Channel and National Geographic. He’s also the Director of Photography and Expeditions for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sylviaearlealliance.org/\">Sylvia Earle Alliance\u003c/a> and has served for many years as the great marine biologist’s chief photographer and videographer. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I first became aware of Kip Evans's work in 2008 when I produced a QUEST TV story about \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/profile-sylvia-earle/\">Sylvia Earle\u003c/a>. We only had about two hours to shoot an interview with Earle and that was all the time she could give us for the whole story. We normally shoot with the main subjects of our stories for two or three days in order to get enough footage to make a 10-minute story. So, because I had only a sit-down interview with Earle, I had to acquire all of the footage and photographs of her throughout her career. We were happy to locate Kip Evans and licensed some spectacular underwater footage and photographs from him. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37799\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 377px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Sylvia-Earle-in-a-Deep-Rover_horiz-377x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Dr. Sylvia Earle in the Deep Rover submarine. \" width=\"377\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-37799\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Sylvia Earle in the Deep Rover submarine. Photo by Kip Evans\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So, when I was thinking about who we could feature in our new segment, “Your Videos on QUEST,” where we feature the work Bay Area filmmakers who tell science, environment and nature stories, I immediately thought of Evans. I feel lucky that he answered the phone when I first called because it seems that he’s often traveling around the world to shoot photographs and video about what he and Sylvia Earle call “Hope Spots”- places that are critically in need of protection and conservation because they are vital to saving what’s left of the planet’s oceans. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
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},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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}
},
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"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
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"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"order": 1
},
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"here-and-now": {
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"info": "One of public radio's most dynamic voices, Sam Sanders helped launch The NPR Politics Podcast and hosted NPR's hit show It's Been A Minute. Now, the award-winning host returns with something brand new, The Sam Sanders Show. Every week, Sam Sanders and friends dig into the culture that shapes our lives: what's driving the biggest trends, how artists really think, and even the memes you can't stop scrolling past. Sam is beloved for his way of unpacking the world and bringing you up close to fresh currents and engaging conversations. The Sam Sanders Show is smart, funny and always a good time.",
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