QUEST Northern CaliforniaQUEST Northern California
KQED serves the people of Northern California with a public-supported alternative to commercial media. Home to the most listened-to public radio station in the nation, one of the highest-rated public television services and an award-winning education program, and as a leader and innovator in interactive technology, KQED takes people of all ages on journeys of exploration — exposing them to new people, places and ideas.
The Science of Riding a Bicycle
Heron Spotting in Golden Gate Park
Personalized Medicine: A Potential Tool for Predicting Disease?
Tag Along On Science Adventures: The Field Trip Podcast
California's Deadlocked Delta: Can We Bring Back What We've Lost?
The Good and Not-So-Good News About California Salmon
Bay-Friendly Gardening: Welcoming Wildlife and Nature Into Human Habitats
Geological Outings Around the Bay: Rodeo Beach
KQED QUEST Receives 5 Northern California Area Emmy® Award Nominations!
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38018\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/14/heron-spotting-in-golden-gate-park/heron_gopher2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38018\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/heron_gopher2-640x360.jpg\" alt=\"gopher-hunting heron\" title=\"heron_gopher2\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-38018\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nature's gopher control, the Great Blue Heron, photographed in Bolinas by Ryan DiGaudio.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It's a sight to behold: an elegant four-foot tall heron slowly stalking across the field above the Big Rec baseball diamonds in Golden Gate Park. Suddenly, from a motionless stance, it strikes out and nabs an unsuspecting pocket gopher, swallowing it whole. If you've seen it happen, you won't soon forget it, and if not, this is a prime time for heron sightings. Why? Because up at Stow Lake, they have nests full of hungry mouths to feed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://birds.audubon.org/species/greblu1\">\u003cstrong>Great Blue Herons\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> are solitary birds for most of the year, but when mating season arrives in the spring, they pair off and build nests close to one another. Assuming they were successful the previous year, the same pair will often mate year after year, raising chicks in \u003ca href=\"http://www.chilliwackblueheron.com/wildlife/herons-nesting.html\">saucer-shaped nests\u003c/a> that range from 1.5 to 4 feet across. 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The large nest in the lower-center part of the photo contains two chicks whose heads are behind a tree branch.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Heron chicks hatch from eggs slightly bigger than a chicken’s and grow to full size in just 10-12 weeks. That means mom and dad are busy around the clock hunting and regurgitating partially digested food for their rapidly growing young to eat. Soon, the chicks will begin flapping from one branch to another and at about eight weeks old, they will be ready to fledge, taking their first flights from the nest. Just a few short weeks later, parents and chicks will part ways. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"float:right;margin-left:20px;margin-bottom:20px\">\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38022\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/14/heron-spotting-in-golden-gate-park/baby-heron-with-eggs_2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38022\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/baby-heron-with-eggs_2-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"heron chick with eggs\" title=\"baby heron with eggs_2\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38022\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">When Great Blue Heron chicks hatch, they have bluish eyes and are covered in covered in pale gray down. Photo credit: Glenn and Martha Vargas, California Academy of Sciences.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Hunting herons will eat just about anything within striking distance, including fish, amphibians, reptiles, small mammals, insects, and other birds. Their S-shaped neck allows them to strike with a spring-like power (up to 90 miles per hour), and underneath those feathers is a curious anatomic design. In a human neck, the esophagus runs parallel to our vertebral column, but in a heron's neck, the two cross one another, creating a \u003ca href=\"http://www.globalgiving.org/photo/PRA21800/head-and-neck-of-great-blue-heron-photo-from-progress-r/\">speed bump in the swallowing process\u003c/a>. When a meal hits the crux of the \"S,\" a heron will often do a series of maneuvers to help shift its meal past the obstacle. It sounds uncomfortable to me, but this design helps protect the delicate esophagus from potential damage to the front of the bird's neck. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"float:left;margin-right:20px;margin-bottom:20px\">\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38023\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/14/heron-spotting-in-golden-gate-park/observers2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38023\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/observers2-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Heron Watch\" title=\"observers2\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38023\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Find \"Heron Watch\" just to the right of the boathouse at Stow Lake on Saturday, May 19.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Herons can be seen in Golden Gate Park year-round, though individuals are thought to come and go. This year’s chicks and their parents should be visible at Stow Lake's Heron Island until mid-late June, but if you want the benefit of San Francisco Nature Education’s naturalists and spotting scopes at your disposal, \u003cstrong>don't miss the final \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfnature.org/programs/heron_watch.html\">\"Heron Watch\" program on Saturday, May 19\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>. Founder Nancy DeStefanis first started documenting the birds’ nesting behavior at Stow Lake in 1993, and now runs a series of interpretive bird walks, field trips, and observation sessions to educate school kids and locals about birds and local ecology. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "It's prime time for Great Blue Heron viewing at Golden Gate Park's Stow Lake. Visit in the next couple of weeks to see newly-hatched chicks learning to fly. Heron chicks hatch from eggs that are slightly bigger than a chicken’s and grow to full size in just 10-12 weeks. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38018\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/14/heron-spotting-in-golden-gate-park/heron_gopher2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38018\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/heron_gopher2-640x360.jpg\" alt=\"gopher-hunting heron\" title=\"heron_gopher2\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-38018\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nature's gopher control, the Great Blue Heron, photographed in Bolinas by Ryan DiGaudio.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It's a sight to behold: an elegant four-foot tall heron slowly stalking across the field above the Big Rec baseball diamonds in Golden Gate Park. Suddenly, from a motionless stance, it strikes out and nabs an unsuspecting pocket gopher, swallowing it whole. If you've seen it happen, you won't soon forget it, and if not, this is a prime time for heron sightings. Why? Because up at Stow Lake, they have nests full of hungry mouths to feed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://birds.audubon.org/species/greblu1\">\u003cstrong>Great Blue Herons\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> are solitary birds for most of the year, but when mating season arrives in the spring, they pair off and build nests close to one another. Assuming they were successful the previous year, the same pair will often mate year after year, raising chicks in \u003ca href=\"http://www.chilliwackblueheron.com/wildlife/herons-nesting.html\">saucer-shaped nests\u003c/a> that range from 1.5 to 4 feet across. Nests used over and over (like those at Stow Lake) tend to be on the larger end of the size scale. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Saturday morning, volunteers at \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfnature.org/\">San Francisco Nature Education\u003c/a> had a series of spotting scopes set up just to the right of \u003ca href=\"http://sfrecpark.org/StowLake.aspx\">Stow Lake's\u003c/a> boathouse, trained on Heron Island’s towering treetops. The scene was action-packed. Adult herons swooped through the air, chasing one another away from their nests, and every so often the chicks could be seen between tree branches strutting around their nests. Observers estimate the four nesting pairs produced six chicks, which hatched in early April and are now about six weeks old. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38021\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/14/heron-spotting-in-golden-gate-park/herons-in-tree2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38021\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/herons-in-tree2.jpg\" alt=\"herons in tree\" title=\"herons in tree2\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-38021\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/herons-in-tree2.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/herons-in-tree2-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">On Stow Lake's Heron Island, parents keep watch over young chicks. The large nest in the lower-center part of the photo contains two chicks whose heads are behind a tree branch.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Heron chicks hatch from eggs slightly bigger than a chicken’s and grow to full size in just 10-12 weeks. That means mom and dad are busy around the clock hunting and regurgitating partially digested food for their rapidly growing young to eat. Soon, the chicks will begin flapping from one branch to another and at about eight weeks old, they will be ready to fledge, taking their first flights from the nest. Just a few short weeks later, parents and chicks will part ways. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"float:right;margin-left:20px;margin-bottom:20px\">\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38022\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/14/heron-spotting-in-golden-gate-park/baby-heron-with-eggs_2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38022\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/baby-heron-with-eggs_2-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"heron chick with eggs\" title=\"baby heron with eggs_2\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38022\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">When Great Blue Heron chicks hatch, they have bluish eyes and are covered in covered in pale gray down. Photo credit: Glenn and Martha Vargas, California Academy of Sciences.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Hunting herons will eat just about anything within striking distance, including fish, amphibians, reptiles, small mammals, insects, and other birds. Their S-shaped neck allows them to strike with a spring-like power (up to 90 miles per hour), and underneath those feathers is a curious anatomic design. In a human neck, the esophagus runs parallel to our vertebral column, but in a heron's neck, the two cross one another, creating a \u003ca href=\"http://www.globalgiving.org/photo/PRA21800/head-and-neck-of-great-blue-heron-photo-from-progress-r/\">speed bump in the swallowing process\u003c/a>. When a meal hits the crux of the \"S,\" a heron will often do a series of maneuvers to help shift its meal past the obstacle. It sounds uncomfortable to me, but this design helps protect the delicate esophagus from potential damage to the front of the bird's neck. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"float:left;margin-right:20px;margin-bottom:20px\">\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_38023\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/14/heron-spotting-in-golden-gate-park/observers2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-38023\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/observers2-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Heron Watch\" title=\"observers2\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-38023\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Find \"Heron Watch\" just to the right of the boathouse at Stow Lake on Saturday, May 19.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Herons can be seen in Golden Gate Park year-round, though individuals are thought to come and go. This year’s chicks and their parents should be visible at Stow Lake's Heron Island until mid-late June, but if you want the benefit of San Francisco Nature Education’s naturalists and spotting scopes at your disposal, \u003cstrong>don't miss the final \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfnature.org/programs/heron_watch.html\">\"Heron Watch\" program on Saturday, May 19\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>. Founder Nancy DeStefanis first started documenting the birds’ nesting behavior at Stow Lake in 1993, and now runs a series of interpretive bird walks, field trips, and observation sessions to educate school kids and locals about birds and local ecology. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Personalized Medicine: A Potential Tool for Predicting Disease?",
"title": "Personalized Medicine: A Potential Tool for Predicting Disease?",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37481\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/14/personalized-medicine/pills/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37481\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Pills.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Pills\" width=\"640\" height=\"361\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37481\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Pills.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Pills-400x226.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">We've taken another baby step away from the current one size fits all health care system.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>We may finally be at the threshold of the age of personalized medicine. In a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22424236\">study\u003c/a>, scientists were able to predict that a man was at a higher risk for developing Type 2 diabetes and over a two-year period tracked his health as he developed the disease. And even better, because they caught it so early, they were able to stave off the diabetes with lifestyle changes. This man’s glucose levels have returned to normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wow. This story highlights the promise of at least one aspect of personalized medicine. By looking at someone’s DNA, you can predict what might go wrong with someone and so keep an eye out for early symptoms. Or maybe even start out with the right lifestyle changes that will keep the disease from developing in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This study also showed that intensely studying a single person can yield potential benefits for lots of other people. The researchers saw that just before the test subject’s glucose levels spiked, he had a viral infection. No one was really looking for viruses that trigger Type 2 diabetes in people. Now they will. (Keep in mind we don’t yet know if the two are connected or if it was just a coincidence.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study also points to the obstacles we still need to overcome to realize the full potential of personalized medicine. The top ones I could think of off the top of my head are our own ignorance, the inconvenience, the expense, and our lack of willpower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers were able to predict an increased risk for diabetes as well as an increased risk for high triglycerides but very little else. There is certainly more information lurking in his DNA…we just don’t understand our DNA well enough to tease it out yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37488\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 250px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/14/personalized-medicine/personalpill/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37488\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/PersonalPill.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"PersonalPill\" width=\"250\" height=\"302\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37488\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Soon your treatments will be tailored for you based on at least partly on what's in your DNA.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Another related issue is whether we actually do know enough to make good predictions or if we just got lucky here. In other words, was his developing Type 2 diabetes a coincidence or was he really at a higher risk for getting it? He didn’t have any classic risk factors but given that so many people in the U.S. have the disease, it could have been chance. Doing many more studies on lots of different people should give us some idea about how predictive our DNA really is right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides our still sketchy knowledge, we also have to deal with the expense and inconvenience of this form of personalized medicine. The test subject had over twenty blood draws over a two year period that each looked at tens of thousands of different things. Not many people would put up with so many blood draws. And the expense of looking at all those different molecules is prohibitively expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A better knowledge of our risks can help with the second point. Once we understand our DNA better and so know what are most likely risks are, we’ll be able to test for fewer molecules which should make the whole thing more affordable. This may also solve the first problem too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe in the future we’ll look at few enough molecules or the tests will be sensitive enough to get the information we need from a simple finger prick. Then we’d all be like folks with diabetes, self testing our blood on a regular basis. And hopefully in the more distant future, we’ll have some sort of implant that reads the information for us automatically without the need for a blood draw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of these are technical hurdles that will almost certainly be overcome at some point. The last obstacle, though, is much more difficult. It deals with human nature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason this is such a powerful story is that the test subject was able to get his glucose under control without the use of medicines. This is not only good for him but it suggests that this form of personalized medicine may prove to be cost effective sooner rather than later. Keeping his Type 2 diabetes at bay will probably save tons of money over his life time. Perhaps even enough to justify the cost of his testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to control his glucose levels, he had to make radical changes to his diet and exercise regime. He had to eat a whole lot less sugar and fat and exercise a lot more. Sound familiar?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everyone should be doing this stuff anyway but most of us don’t. Will we have the willpower to realize the full potential of personalized medicine? Or will things pretty much stay the same except with more frequent scolding from our doctors? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, catching a disease early and getting patients their medications early when it could do the most good is obviously wonderful too. Just not as cost effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xbjqHj_J0is]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>What a visit to the doctor in the near future might look like.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37481\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/14/personalized-medicine/pills/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37481\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Pills.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Pills\" width=\"640\" height=\"361\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37481\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Pills.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Pills-400x226.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">We've taken another baby step away from the current one size fits all health care system.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>We may finally be at the threshold of the age of personalized medicine. In a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22424236\">study\u003c/a>, scientists were able to predict that a man was at a higher risk for developing Type 2 diabetes and over a two-year period tracked his health as he developed the disease. And even better, because they caught it so early, they were able to stave off the diabetes with lifestyle changes. This man’s glucose levels have returned to normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wow. This story highlights the promise of at least one aspect of personalized medicine. By looking at someone’s DNA, you can predict what might go wrong with someone and so keep an eye out for early symptoms. Or maybe even start out with the right lifestyle changes that will keep the disease from developing in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This study also showed that intensely studying a single person can yield potential benefits for lots of other people. The researchers saw that just before the test subject’s glucose levels spiked, he had a viral infection. No one was really looking for viruses that trigger Type 2 diabetes in people. Now they will. (Keep in mind we don’t yet know if the two are connected or if it was just a coincidence.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study also points to the obstacles we still need to overcome to realize the full potential of personalized medicine. The top ones I could think of off the top of my head are our own ignorance, the inconvenience, the expense, and our lack of willpower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers were able to predict an increased risk for diabetes as well as an increased risk for high triglycerides but very little else. There is certainly more information lurking in his DNA…we just don’t understand our DNA well enough to tease it out yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37488\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 250px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/14/personalized-medicine/personalpill/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37488\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/PersonalPill.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"PersonalPill\" width=\"250\" height=\"302\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37488\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Soon your treatments will be tailored for you based on at least partly on what's in your DNA.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Another related issue is whether we actually do know enough to make good predictions or if we just got lucky here. In other words, was his developing Type 2 diabetes a coincidence or was he really at a higher risk for getting it? He didn’t have any classic risk factors but given that so many people in the U.S. have the disease, it could have been chance. Doing many more studies on lots of different people should give us some idea about how predictive our DNA really is right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides our still sketchy knowledge, we also have to deal with the expense and inconvenience of this form of personalized medicine. The test subject had over twenty blood draws over a two year period that each looked at tens of thousands of different things. Not many people would put up with so many blood draws. And the expense of looking at all those different molecules is prohibitively expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A better knowledge of our risks can help with the second point. Once we understand our DNA better and so know what are most likely risks are, we’ll be able to test for fewer molecules which should make the whole thing more affordable. This may also solve the first problem too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe in the future we’ll look at few enough molecules or the tests will be sensitive enough to get the information we need from a simple finger prick. Then we’d all be like folks with diabetes, self testing our blood on a regular basis. And hopefully in the more distant future, we’ll have some sort of implant that reads the information for us automatically without the need for a blood draw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of these are technical hurdles that will almost certainly be overcome at some point. The last obstacle, though, is much more difficult. It deals with human nature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason this is such a powerful story is that the test subject was able to get his glucose under control without the use of medicines. This is not only good for him but it suggests that this form of personalized medicine may prove to be cost effective sooner rather than later. Keeping his Type 2 diabetes at bay will probably save tons of money over his life time. Perhaps even enough to justify the cost of his testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to control his glucose levels, he had to make radical changes to his diet and exercise regime. He had to eat a whole lot less sugar and fat and exercise a lot more. Sound familiar?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everyone should be doing this stuff anyway but most of us don’t. Will we have the willpower to realize the full potential of personalized medicine? Or will things pretty much stay the same except with more frequent scolding from our doctors? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, catching a disease early and getting patients their medications early when it could do the most good is obviously wonderful too. Just not as cost effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/xbjqHj_J0is'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/xbjqHj_J0is'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>What a visit to the doctor in the near future might look like.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37252\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/FireRollover_640x360.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/FireRollover_640x360.jpg\" alt=\"A rollover fire, viewed from inside the Oakland Fire Department's burn trailer.\" title=\"FireRollover_640x360\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37252\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/FireRollover_640x360.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/FireRollover_640x360-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The view from inside the Oakland Fire Department's burn trailer during a rollover fire. Photograph courtesy of Kara Platoni.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Looking back, the only field trip that stands out from my grade school days was our trip to the San Francisco \u003ca href=\"http://www.exploratorium.edu/\">Exploratorium\u003c/a>. What I remember best is the \u003ca href=\"http://www.exploratorium.edu/visit/tactile_dome/\" title=\"SF Exploratorium Tactile Dome\">tactile dome\u003c/a>. I entered into total darkness and spent the next hour feeling, crawling and sliding my way through a 3-D maze. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That excursion was fairly tame compared to the exploits Kara Platoni, Eric Simons, and Casey Miner take on for their podcast series, \u003ca href=\"http://www.fieldtrippodcast.com/\" title=\"The Field Trip Podcast\">The Field Trip\u003c/a>, which broadcasts their science adventures out in the real world. For their first series that debuted last year, they explored fermentation by visiting the Cultured Pickle Shop, climbed into the Oakland Fire Department’s burn trailer for a kitchen fire simulation, interviewed a commercial salmon fisherman on his boat in the Berkeley Marina and followed a NASA crew at the bottom of a lakebed in Canada for their research study on Mars. To add a little more intellectual rigor to their adventures, they also interviewed an expert guest in their radio studio for each episode. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We think our strong suit is going places, learning new things and being a proxy for the listener,” explained Kara Platoni. “We didn’t know of any other show where it was about going out and having a science adventure.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As friends and UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism colleagues, the genuine personal chemistry of this trio is evident in their podcasts and blogs. They're definitely having fun on their adventures while taking advantage of the wealth of knowledge and opportunities offered by scientists in the Bay Area -- and the listener is invited to tag along. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The studio interview segments are loosely scripted, but the field trips are taped live. The key to making this work is the trio’s insatiable curiosity for science. After lots of preparation, they just go out and ask the questions that interest them in a humorous and spontaneous way that engages their listeners. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When selecting topics for their episodes, they focus on stories that take science out of the laboratory. “Our ideal narrator for the field trip is someone whose life just embodies science everyday. It is part of their job, hobby and home,” explained Platoni, “so we can show people how science is something that happens in your everyday life, not just something that happens in school.” Casey Miner added, “And it should be fun, interesting, weird or gross.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their field trips will continue with a second series this spring and cover the diverse topics of coffee, taxidermy, telescopes and local inventors. One upcoming episode on telescopes will visit the \u003ca href=\"http://www.chabotspace.org/observatories.htm\">Chabot Space & Science Center Observatory\u003c/a> and feature a studio interview with UC Berkeley astronomer \u003ca href=\"http://astro.berkeley.edu/people/faculty/marcy.html\" title=\"Geoff Marcy\">Geoff Marcy\u003c/a>. Beginning today, a new episode will air weekly each Monday through June 4. You can listen to a preview of their new season \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fieldtrippodcast_s2promo1.mp3\">here.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Free episodes are available on their \u003ca href=\"http://www.fieldtrippodcast.com/\" title=\"The Field Trip Podcast\">website\u003c/a>, iTunes, Public Radio Exchange and Sound Cloud. You can also follow them on \u003ca href=\"http://www.facebook.com/TheFieldTripPodcast\" title=\"Facebook fan page\">Facebook\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/#!/FieldTripLog\" title=\"twitter account\">Twitter\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37252\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/FireRollover_640x360.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/FireRollover_640x360.jpg\" alt=\"A rollover fire, viewed from inside the Oakland Fire Department's burn trailer.\" title=\"FireRollover_640x360\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37252\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/FireRollover_640x360.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/FireRollover_640x360-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The view from inside the Oakland Fire Department's burn trailer during a rollover fire. Photograph courtesy of Kara Platoni.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Looking back, the only field trip that stands out from my grade school days was our trip to the San Francisco \u003ca href=\"http://www.exploratorium.edu/\">Exploratorium\u003c/a>. What I remember best is the \u003ca href=\"http://www.exploratorium.edu/visit/tactile_dome/\" title=\"SF Exploratorium Tactile Dome\">tactile dome\u003c/a>. I entered into total darkness and spent the next hour feeling, crawling and sliding my way through a 3-D maze. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That excursion was fairly tame compared to the exploits Kara Platoni, Eric Simons, and Casey Miner take on for their podcast series, \u003ca href=\"http://www.fieldtrippodcast.com/\" title=\"The Field Trip Podcast\">The Field Trip\u003c/a>, which broadcasts their science adventures out in the real world. For their first series that debuted last year, they explored fermentation by visiting the Cultured Pickle Shop, climbed into the Oakland Fire Department’s burn trailer for a kitchen fire simulation, interviewed a commercial salmon fisherman on his boat in the Berkeley Marina and followed a NASA crew at the bottom of a lakebed in Canada for their research study on Mars. To add a little more intellectual rigor to their adventures, they also interviewed an expert guest in their radio studio for each episode. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We think our strong suit is going places, learning new things and being a proxy for the listener,” explained Kara Platoni. “We didn’t know of any other show where it was about going out and having a science adventure.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As friends and UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism colleagues, the genuine personal chemistry of this trio is evident in their podcasts and blogs. They're definitely having fun on their adventures while taking advantage of the wealth of knowledge and opportunities offered by scientists in the Bay Area -- and the listener is invited to tag along. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The studio interview segments are loosely scripted, but the field trips are taped live. The key to making this work is the trio’s insatiable curiosity for science. After lots of preparation, they just go out and ask the questions that interest them in a humorous and spontaneous way that engages their listeners. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When selecting topics for their episodes, they focus on stories that take science out of the laboratory. “Our ideal narrator for the field trip is someone whose life just embodies science everyday. It is part of their job, hobby and home,” explained Platoni, “so we can show people how science is something that happens in your everyday life, not just something that happens in school.” Casey Miner added, “And it should be fun, interesting, weird or gross.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their field trips will continue with a second series this spring and cover the diverse topics of coffee, taxidermy, telescopes and local inventors. One upcoming episode on telescopes will visit the \u003ca href=\"http://www.chabotspace.org/observatories.htm\">Chabot Space & Science Center Observatory\u003c/a> and feature a studio interview with UC Berkeley astronomer \u003ca href=\"http://astro.berkeley.edu/people/faculty/marcy.html\" title=\"Geoff Marcy\">Geoff Marcy\u003c/a>. Beginning today, a new episode will air weekly each Monday through June 4. You can listen to a preview of their new season \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/fieldtrippodcast_s2promo1.mp3\">here.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Free episodes are available on their \u003ca href=\"http://www.fieldtrippodcast.com/\" title=\"The Field Trip Podcast\">website\u003c/a>, iTunes, Public Radio Exchange and Sound Cloud. You can also follow them on \u003ca href=\"http://www.facebook.com/TheFieldTripPodcast\" title=\"Facebook fan page\">Facebook\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/#!/FieldTripLog\" title=\"twitter account\">Twitter\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California's Deadlocked Delta: Can We Bring Back What We've Lost?",
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"content": "\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2012/05/2012-05-14-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is the second story in our three-part \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/series/californias-deadlocked-delta/\">series on California's Delta\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37673\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Deltamap.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37673\" title=\"Deltamap\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Deltamap-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A map of the Delta created by the US Geological Survey in the 1910s.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As detective stories go, this sunny, spring day in the Delta isn't a typical backdrop. In the distance, tractors move slowly through dry fields of row crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Once he got lost, they were wandering all over,\" says Alison Whipple of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfei.org/he\">San Francisco Estuary Institute\u003c/a>, a non-profit research group based in Richmond. Her colleague, Robin Grossinger, agrees. \"They were all over this place.\" The two are trying to piece together the path of William Wright, a man who got hopelessly lost somewhere nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I should probably mention: it happened 160 years ago. Whipple and Grossinger are historical ecologists. They use sources like old photos, hand-drawn maps and early land surveys to sleuth out what this landscape looked like before it was dramatically remade by Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Delta's landscape has been dramatically remade over the last 200 years. Today, it's a crucial part of the state's water system, supplying 25 million people and irrigating millions of acres of farm land. But with this re-engineering, the Delta's ecosystem has collapsed, harming the fishing industry and putting water supplies at risk. Little is known about what it once looked like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[box size=small align=right color=white]\u003cstrong>Map of Historical Delta\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/delta-map/\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-37955\" title=\"DeltaThumbnail6\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DeltaThumbnail6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"203\" height=\"110\">\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/delta-map/\">See an interactive map\u003c/a> of the Delta, past and present, and the historical photos and maps used to create it.\u003cbr>\n[/box]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lost in a Delta Marsh\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing on a levee about 20 miles south of Sacramento, Whipple and Grossinger are discussing what they found a tattered, yellowing notebook uncovered in a state archive. It contains stories from William Wright, a duck hunter who spent a long, cold night lost in the Delta in 1850.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 20pt;padding-right: 20pt;line-height: 110%\">\u003cem>\"On all sides stretched a vast wilderness of tules from ten to fifteen feet in height. The driving storm of sleet was bad, but the pitchy darkness was infinitely worse... Our situation was so miserable that no words can do justice to it.\"\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not just the dramatic story they're interested in. It's passages this like one:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 20pt;padding-right: 20pt;line-height: 110%\">\u003cem>\"The lakes proved to be from one hundred to three hundred yards in width, as near as we could judge. The water was very cold and often waist‐deep.\" \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Whipple and Grossinger read his account, they knew they’d found a Holy Grail source document. Its detail reveal a landscape that doesn't exist here today and hasn’t existed for some time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Delta is probably one of the most intensively transformed parts of California and it was also changed really early on because of such fertile land,\" says Grossinger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As California's Gold Rush boomed, farmers came to the Delta for its rich soil. Land went for a dollar an acre and settlers turned the wetlands into dry, agricultural land. 97% of the historic marshes were lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have here maybe one of the most important parts of the state's ecosystem and we don’t actually know how it used to work,\" Says Grossinger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37590\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-37590\" title=\"SFEI\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SFEI.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"320\" height=\"228\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alison Whipple and Robin Grossinger examine historic maps in the Delta.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He and Whipple have layered together thousands of historical sources that reveal an ecosystem of incredible complexity. “We would be in trees right here with a couple winding channels that were dry in the summer but had flowing water in the wintertime,\" explains Whipple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yearly floods from the Sacramento River inundated Delta marshes creating habitat for birds and young salmon. Closer to San Francisco Bay, hundreds of miles of small tidal channels branched out like capillaries in the wetlands. Today, most of those channels have been filled in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Returning the Delta to this pristine state just isn’t possible, says Whipple, and that’s not the goal of the project. But knowing how the ecosystem once worked could improve the habitat restoration efforts that are happening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Restoring Habitat\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liberty Island is one place in the Delta that looks as it might have 200 years ago. Not long ago, it was a low-lying expanse of farmland, protected by tall levees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The levees broke and it wasn’t financially worth reclaiming,” Says Carl Wilcox of with \u003ca href=\"http://www.dfg.ca.gov/\">California’s Department of Fish and Game\u003c/a>. The landowners gave up when the island flooded 15 years ago. After that, nature took over. Tules and cattails started sprouting and wildlife followed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37591\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/californias-deadlocked-delta-can-we-bring-back-what-weve-lost/libertyisland/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37591\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-37591\" title=\"LibertyIsland\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/LibertyIsland.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"320\" height=\"217\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Returning vegetation at Liberty Island in the Delta.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, “some of the endangered native fishes, Delta smelt, longfin smelt are using this area,” says Wilcox. They're finding endangered Chinook salmon as well. \"These are more productive areas for them, they’re more protected, they’re less prone to predators.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>California Considers Ambitious Restoration Plans\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is using the Liberty Island project as a model for a proposal to restore 65,000 acres of Delta habitat. It's part of the Bay Delta Conservation Plan - a major overhaul of the Delta’s water infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leo Winternitz of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.org/\">Nature Conservancy\u003c/a> says bringing back habitat for declining wildlife could make the state’s water supply more reliable. Restrictions under the Endangered Species Act have limited how much water can be pumped from the Delta in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is one big problem with restoration: most of the islands in the Delta are below sea level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just south of here, some of the islands, they're in the 17 to 25 below sea level range. So if their levees broke, what you’d have is a large open body of water. You can’t create tidal marshes in those areas,\" says Winternitz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That leaves only a few places where restoration is feasible. Winternitz says in those areas it’s crucial the state look to the past to create the same interconnected habitat that once was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Governor Jerry Brown's administration is set to unveil the sweeping plan to restore the Delta later this year.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"headline": "California's Deadlocked Delta: Can We Bring Back What We've Lost?",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2012/05/2012-05-14-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is the second story in our three-part \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/series/californias-deadlocked-delta/\">series on California's Delta\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37673\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Deltamap.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37673\" title=\"Deltamap\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Deltamap-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A map of the Delta created by the US Geological Survey in the 1910s.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As detective stories go, this sunny, spring day in the Delta isn't a typical backdrop. In the distance, tractors move slowly through dry fields of row crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Once he got lost, they were wandering all over,\" says Alison Whipple of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfei.org/he\">San Francisco Estuary Institute\u003c/a>, a non-profit research group based in Richmond. Her colleague, Robin Grossinger, agrees. \"They were all over this place.\" The two are trying to piece together the path of William Wright, a man who got hopelessly lost somewhere nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I should probably mention: it happened 160 years ago. Whipple and Grossinger are historical ecologists. They use sources like old photos, hand-drawn maps and early land surveys to sleuth out what this landscape looked like before it was dramatically remade by Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Delta's landscape has been dramatically remade over the last 200 years. Today, it's a crucial part of the state's water system, supplying 25 million people and irrigating millions of acres of farm land. But with this re-engineering, the Delta's ecosystem has collapsed, harming the fishing industry and putting water supplies at risk. Little is known about what it once looked like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[box size=small align=right color=white]\u003cstrong>Map of Historical Delta\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/delta-map/\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-37955\" title=\"DeltaThumbnail6\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DeltaThumbnail6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"203\" height=\"110\">\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/delta-map/\">See an interactive map\u003c/a> of the Delta, past and present, and the historical photos and maps used to create it.\u003cbr>\n[/box]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lost in a Delta Marsh\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing on a levee about 20 miles south of Sacramento, Whipple and Grossinger are discussing what they found a tattered, yellowing notebook uncovered in a state archive. It contains stories from William Wright, a duck hunter who spent a long, cold night lost in the Delta in 1850.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 20pt;padding-right: 20pt;line-height: 110%\">\u003cem>\"On all sides stretched a vast wilderness of tules from ten to fifteen feet in height. The driving storm of sleet was bad, but the pitchy darkness was infinitely worse... Our situation was so miserable that no words can do justice to it.\"\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not just the dramatic story they're interested in. It's passages this like one:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 20pt;padding-right: 20pt;line-height: 110%\">\u003cem>\"The lakes proved to be from one hundred to three hundred yards in width, as near as we could judge. The water was very cold and often waist‐deep.\" \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Whipple and Grossinger read his account, they knew they’d found a Holy Grail source document. Its detail reveal a landscape that doesn't exist here today and hasn’t existed for some time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Delta is probably one of the most intensively transformed parts of California and it was also changed really early on because of such fertile land,\" says Grossinger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As California's Gold Rush boomed, farmers came to the Delta for its rich soil. Land went for a dollar an acre and settlers turned the wetlands into dry, agricultural land. 97% of the historic marshes were lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have here maybe one of the most important parts of the state's ecosystem and we don’t actually know how it used to work,\" Says Grossinger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37590\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-37590\" title=\"SFEI\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SFEI.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"320\" height=\"228\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alison Whipple and Robin Grossinger examine historic maps in the Delta.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He and Whipple have layered together thousands of historical sources that reveal an ecosystem of incredible complexity. “We would be in trees right here with a couple winding channels that were dry in the summer but had flowing water in the wintertime,\" explains Whipple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yearly floods from the Sacramento River inundated Delta marshes creating habitat for birds and young salmon. Closer to San Francisco Bay, hundreds of miles of small tidal channels branched out like capillaries in the wetlands. Today, most of those channels have been filled in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Returning the Delta to this pristine state just isn’t possible, says Whipple, and that’s not the goal of the project. But knowing how the ecosystem once worked could improve the habitat restoration efforts that are happening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Restoring Habitat\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liberty Island is one place in the Delta that looks as it might have 200 years ago. Not long ago, it was a low-lying expanse of farmland, protected by tall levees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The levees broke and it wasn’t financially worth reclaiming,” Says Carl Wilcox of with \u003ca href=\"http://www.dfg.ca.gov/\">California’s Department of Fish and Game\u003c/a>. The landowners gave up when the island flooded 15 years ago. After that, nature took over. Tules and cattails started sprouting and wildlife followed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37591\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/californias-deadlocked-delta-can-we-bring-back-what-weve-lost/libertyisland/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37591\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-37591\" title=\"LibertyIsland\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/LibertyIsland.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"320\" height=\"217\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Returning vegetation at Liberty Island in the Delta.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, “some of the endangered native fishes, Delta smelt, longfin smelt are using this area,” says Wilcox. They're finding endangered Chinook salmon as well. \"These are more productive areas for them, they’re more protected, they’re less prone to predators.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>California Considers Ambitious Restoration Plans\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is using the Liberty Island project as a model for a proposal to restore 65,000 acres of Delta habitat. It's part of the Bay Delta Conservation Plan - a major overhaul of the Delta’s water infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leo Winternitz of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.org/\">Nature Conservancy\u003c/a> says bringing back habitat for declining wildlife could make the state’s water supply more reliable. Restrictions under the Endangered Species Act have limited how much water can be pumped from the Delta in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is one big problem with restoration: most of the islands in the Delta are below sea level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just south of here, some of the islands, they're in the 17 to 25 below sea level range. So if their levees broke, what you’d have is a large open body of water. You can’t create tidal marshes in those areas,\" says Winternitz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That leaves only a few places where restoration is feasible. Winternitz says in those areas it’s crucial the state look to the past to create the same interconnected habitat that once was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Governor Jerry Brown's administration is set to unveil the sweeping plan to restore the Delta later this year.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "The Good and Not-So-Good News About California Salmon",
"title": "The Good and Not-So-Good News About California Salmon",
"headTitle": "California’s Deadlocked Delta | QUEST | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37679\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/11/the-good-news-and-not-so-good-about-california-salmon/salmon-2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37679\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-37679\" title=\"Chinook salmon\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SALMON.jpg\" alt=\"Chinook salmon\" width=\"640\" height=\"363\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SALMON.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SALMON-400x227.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chinook salmon, Feather River Hatchery, Oroville. Credit: Dan Brekke\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After years of dire tidings, the news this year about California's chinook salmon all sounds good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal fisheries biologists have predicted big numbers of Sacramento River fall run chinook--the state's biggest, most commercially important salmon fishery--and the biggest population of Klamath River fall-run fish in memory. The California Salmon Council, a commercial fishermen's group, \u003ca href=\"http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/dailydish/2012/05/california-salmon-start-their-comeback.html\">forecasts a harvest\u003c/a> of 3 million pounds this year. That's triple last year's take and represents a comeback from the Great Salmon Crash of '08-'09, when the sudden collapse of the Sacramento fall run forced state and federal officials to shut down salmon fishing two years in a row. Salmon fishermen who barely hung on through the crash, along with those who sell them gear and supplies and process and market their catch, can look forward to something like a prosperous season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for the rest of us, the civilian salmon lovers? Victor Gonella, who heads the Golden Gate Salmon Association, \u003ca href=\"http://goldengatesalmonassociation.com/2012/03/08/ggsa-announcement-welcome-2012-salmon-season/\">promised in March\u003c/a> that \"consumers can look forward to some of the best food on earth--wild salmon, coming to a dinner plate near them soon.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, that all sounds good. But here's the rest of the story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37714\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 287px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37714\" title=\"Salmon2\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Salmon21-287x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"287\" height=\"169\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Feather River Hatchery\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A declining catch\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let's start with that commercial harvest number. We won't really know until later this year how the season turns out, but that 3 million-pound catch is only impressive next to the recent string of disastrous salmon years. The forecast for this year is nearly one-third lower than the average yearly harvest for the decade before the crash. And \u003ca href=\"http://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/st1/commercial/landings/annual_landings.html\">National Marine Fisheries Service\u003c/a> data shows the catch has been slowly dwindling since 1950, with a more rapid decline starting in the late 1980s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But nothing prepared fishing communities, scientists, or interested onlookers for the population crash that took place in 2008. Everyone would still like to know why it happened. Scientists have studied factors from water pollution to a big bridge project in the Carquinez Strait--did construction noise harm out-migrating juvenile salmon?--without identifying a single factor. The consensus is that circumstances ranging from poor ocean feeding conditions to water diversions from the Delta played a role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this is a mystery with an answer hiding in plain sight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From abundance to scarcity\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once, salmon returned by the millions each year to the Bay, the Delta, and the rivers and streams in the Central Valley. Napa Valley pioneer George C. Yount recalled the region between San Pablo Bay and Sutter's Fort (in present-day Sacramento) as one where \"the Rivers were literally crouded [sic] with salmon.\" And there's plenty of pioneer testimony that echoes that description.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What changed? Just everything, starting with the Gold Rush, which brought forth fabulous wealth and wrought unimaginable environmental destruction to salmon streams. And then dams, cities, farms, and industry. In a word: Us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37728\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/11/the-good-news-and-not-so-good-about-california-salmon/salmon3/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37728\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-37728\" title=\"SALMON3\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SALMON3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"280\" height=\"322\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Feather River Hatchery\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even some efforts to preserve commercial chinook salmon populations may be hurting rather than helping the fish. When the Sacramento River fall-run chinook population collapsed a few years ago, it happened despite a long and aggressive effort to use hatcheries to replace spawning streams destroyed by dams, logging, and development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the heroic effort to improve on nature—even trucking baby hatchery fish downriver so they can avoid predators, polluted water, and Delta pumps—could be exacting a toll on the long-term fate of the run. Some biologists believe that the combination of habitat loss and hatchery production has essentially wiped out the last truly wild Sacramento Valley fall-run chinook. Worse, the surviving hatchery stock lacks the genetic variety of wild fish and could be more vulnerable to changes in ocean conditions or disease--and thus more prone to collapses like the crash of '08-'09.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The outlook\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Is there anything hopeful about the salmon's story in California? There is. Over the past twenty years, government and resource managers have taken the first steps to restoring both water and habitat for chinook salmon. One of the most publicized actions—a limit on pumping from the Delta at certain times of year to protect threatened salmon and other species. That action was prompted by an environmental lawsuit, and it prompted a wave of lawsuits from farm and city water users south of the Delta. Outside of court, both the state and federal governments are working on plans that are supposed to restore the Delta and its species while delivering the water that farms and cities expect. Doing that will take a lot of money and determination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chinook can't help with the cash, but they may provide a lesson about persistence. As a species, they are the product of millions of years of evolution. The few wild fish still out there have been doing what they do, sometimes climbing thousands of vertical feet out of the Central Valley to their home streams, for a very long time. They are engineered to deal with disasters on their home streams and famine at sea. Given half a chance, they not only survive, but thrive. Fortunately or unfortunately for them, they now depend on us for that chance.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37679\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/11/the-good-news-and-not-so-good-about-california-salmon/salmon-2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37679\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-37679\" title=\"Chinook salmon\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SALMON.jpg\" alt=\"Chinook salmon\" width=\"640\" height=\"363\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SALMON.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SALMON-400x227.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chinook salmon, Feather River Hatchery, Oroville. Credit: Dan Brekke\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After years of dire tidings, the news this year about California's chinook salmon all sounds good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal fisheries biologists have predicted big numbers of Sacramento River fall run chinook--the state's biggest, most commercially important salmon fishery--and the biggest population of Klamath River fall-run fish in memory. The California Salmon Council, a commercial fishermen's group, \u003ca href=\"http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/dailydish/2012/05/california-salmon-start-their-comeback.html\">forecasts a harvest\u003c/a> of 3 million pounds this year. That's triple last year's take and represents a comeback from the Great Salmon Crash of '08-'09, when the sudden collapse of the Sacramento fall run forced state and federal officials to shut down salmon fishing two years in a row. Salmon fishermen who barely hung on through the crash, along with those who sell them gear and supplies and process and market their catch, can look forward to something like a prosperous season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for the rest of us, the civilian salmon lovers? Victor Gonella, who heads the Golden Gate Salmon Association, \u003ca href=\"http://goldengatesalmonassociation.com/2012/03/08/ggsa-announcement-welcome-2012-salmon-season/\">promised in March\u003c/a> that \"consumers can look forward to some of the best food on earth--wild salmon, coming to a dinner plate near them soon.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, that all sounds good. But here's the rest of the story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37714\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 287px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37714\" title=\"Salmon2\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Salmon21-287x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"287\" height=\"169\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Feather River Hatchery\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A declining catch\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let's start with that commercial harvest number. We won't really know until later this year how the season turns out, but that 3 million-pound catch is only impressive next to the recent string of disastrous salmon years. The forecast for this year is nearly one-third lower than the average yearly harvest for the decade before the crash. And \u003ca href=\"http://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/st1/commercial/landings/annual_landings.html\">National Marine Fisheries Service\u003c/a> data shows the catch has been slowly dwindling since 1950, with a more rapid decline starting in the late 1980s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But nothing prepared fishing communities, scientists, or interested onlookers for the population crash that took place in 2008. Everyone would still like to know why it happened. Scientists have studied factors from water pollution to a big bridge project in the Carquinez Strait--did construction noise harm out-migrating juvenile salmon?--without identifying a single factor. The consensus is that circumstances ranging from poor ocean feeding conditions to water diversions from the Delta played a role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this is a mystery with an answer hiding in plain sight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From abundance to scarcity\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once, salmon returned by the millions each year to the Bay, the Delta, and the rivers and streams in the Central Valley. Napa Valley pioneer George C. Yount recalled the region between San Pablo Bay and Sutter's Fort (in present-day Sacramento) as one where \"the Rivers were literally crouded [sic] with salmon.\" And there's plenty of pioneer testimony that echoes that description.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What changed? Just everything, starting with the Gold Rush, which brought forth fabulous wealth and wrought unimaginable environmental destruction to salmon streams. And then dams, cities, farms, and industry. In a word: Us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37728\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 280px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/11/the-good-news-and-not-so-good-about-california-salmon/salmon3/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37728\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-37728\" title=\"SALMON3\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/SALMON3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"280\" height=\"322\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Feather River Hatchery\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even some efforts to preserve commercial chinook salmon populations may be hurting rather than helping the fish. When the Sacramento River fall-run chinook population collapsed a few years ago, it happened despite a long and aggressive effort to use hatcheries to replace spawning streams destroyed by dams, logging, and development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the heroic effort to improve on nature—even trucking baby hatchery fish downriver so they can avoid predators, polluted water, and Delta pumps—could be exacting a toll on the long-term fate of the run. Some biologists believe that the combination of habitat loss and hatchery production has essentially wiped out the last truly wild Sacramento Valley fall-run chinook. Worse, the surviving hatchery stock lacks the genetic variety of wild fish and could be more vulnerable to changes in ocean conditions or disease--and thus more prone to collapses like the crash of '08-'09.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The outlook\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Is there anything hopeful about the salmon's story in California? There is. Over the past twenty years, government and resource managers have taken the first steps to restoring both water and habitat for chinook salmon. One of the most publicized actions—a limit on pumping from the Delta at certain times of year to protect threatened salmon and other species. That action was prompted by an environmental lawsuit, and it prompted a wave of lawsuits from farm and city water users south of the Delta. Outside of court, both the state and federal governments are working on plans that are supposed to restore the Delta and its species while delivering the water that farms and cities expect. Doing that will take a lot of money and determination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chinook can't help with the cash, but they may provide a lesson about persistence. As a species, they are the product of millions of years of evolution. The few wild fish still out there have been doing what they do, sometimes climbing thousands of vertical feet out of the Central Valley to their home streams, for a very long time. They are engineered to deal with disasters on their home streams and famine at sea. Given half a chance, they not only survive, but thrive. Fortunately or unfortunately for them, they now depend on us for that chance.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Bay-Friendly Gardening: Welcoming Wildlife and Nature Into Human Habitats",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37226\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0857-e1336436422187.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-37226\" title=\"Bay Friendly Garden Tour\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0857-e1336436422187.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0857-e1336436422187.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0857-e1336436422187-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Our tour begins with a beautifully landscaped front yard\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imagine this audacious plan: we return our grid of manicured yards into watershed and wildlife-friendly spaces. From a bird or butterfly’s perspective, it would be a transformation from sterile segmented turf fields to bounteous habitat full of nectar plants, insects, hiding places and nesting spaces. This \u003ca title=\"Bay Friendly Gardens website\" href=\"http://www.bayfriendlycoalition.org/bayfriendlyis.shtml\" target=\"_blank\">\"Bay-Friendly\"\u003cbr>\ngardens\u003c/a> initiative is underway around the Bay Area under the sponsorship of \u003ca href=\"http://stopwaste.org/home/index.asp\">Stopwaste.org\u003c/a>. Last weekend some generous, certified “Bay-Friendly” garden owners opened their yards for tours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37228\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/11/bay-friendly-gardening-welcoming-wildlife-and-nature-into-human-habitats/dscf0856/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37228\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-37228\" title=\"Fox squirrel in the garden\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0856-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A red fox squirrel scampers through the garden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>We were able to purchase a tour booklet and tickets to gain entry to meander around and view the \u003ca title=\"Seven Principles of Bay-Friendly gardening\" href=\"http://bayfriendlycoalition.org/principles.shtml\" target=\"_blank\">seven principles\u003c/a> of \"Bay-Friendly\" gardening used in very different ways. As their website states, \"It’s an approach to landscaping with room for lots of personal preferences and interpretations.\" The gardens were beautiful, creative, and a great way to bring the natural world into people’s every day lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What struck me was the amount of insect and wildlife activity in the featured gardens. These gardens were busy with insects visiting flowers on the sunny Sunday afternoon. Squirrels scampered through the trees and a variety of birds were flitting about and calling from the shelter of trees and shrubs. Like little wildlife havens, the yards were alive with an abundant diversity of plants and wildlife compared with other nearby yards of traditional turf grass and ornamental plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37227\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 225px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0871.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37227\" title=\"Garden creekside retreat\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0871-225x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Garden creekside retreat featuring water permeable surface and artistic seating area\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Bay-Friendly\" gardening also calls for the limited use of pesticides. Toxic chemicals, along with trash pollution, pose big problems to our bay and creeks. Diazinon and chlorpyrifos are two commonly used insecticides. According to a report by \u003ca title=\"TDC Environmental report on pesticides\" href=\"http://www.tdcenvironmental.com/Pesticides.html\" target=\"_blank\">TDC Environmental\u003c/a>, the two are “of great concern, because elevated levels of the two pesticides have been linked to findings of toxicity in wastewater treatment plant effluent, storm water runoff, urban creeks (including all San Francisco Bay area urban creeks), estuaries (including San Francisco Bay), and the Sacramento River. Much of this toxicity occurs in urban areas, apparently reflecting urban releases—rather than agricultural releases—of diazinon and chlorpyrifos.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37229\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 225px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0882.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37229\" title=\"Thimbleberry blooming and setting fruit\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0882-225x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thimbleberry provides food for native birds and insects\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Bay-Friendly\" gardens seem to need fewer pest control measures because the owners strive to create healthier soil conditions, choose plants that are best suited to our climate and location in the garden which, in turn, encourages beneficial insects. Ultimately this combination keeps the pest populations in better balance. When control measures are called for, there are resources available to help you choose those least toxic to the environment. \u003ca title=\"Our Water, Our World website\" href=\"http://www.ourwaterourworld.org/Home.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Our Water, Our World\u003c/a> website has some great resources including a \u003ca title=\"Downloadable pocket guide to least toxic pest control\" href=\"http://www.cleanwaterprogram.org/resources/resources-pest.html\" target=\"_blank\">downloadable pocket guide\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \"Bay-Friendly\" garden website is a great resource, too, for both home gardeners and landscaping professionals. There’s an interactive page showing some \u003ca title=\"Interactive picture of Bay Friendly Garden practices\" href=\"http://www.stopwaste.org/home/index.asp?page=142\" target=\"_blank\">examples of good gardening practices\u003c/a>. There is still one more tour you can attend in \u003ca title=\"Bay Friendly Garden Tour Marin County\" href=\"http://www.bayfriendlycoalition.org/GardenTour.shtml\" target=\"_blank\">Marin County\u003c/a> on May 19 to gather ideas for your own \"Bay-Friendly\" garden. We’ve also been working on creating a \"Bay-Friendly\" landscape around the \u003ca title=\"Crab Cove Visitor Center, EBRPD website\" href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/parks/vc/crab_cove\" target=\"_blank\">Crab Cove Visitor Center\u003c/a>. Maybe you’ll see us on the Alameda County garden tour, once we get certified, in the next couple of years!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Additional Links:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sunset.com/garden/landscaping-design/lush-look-less-lawn-00400000045131/\">Pesticide pollution prevention\u003c/a> ideas\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca title=\"Sunset Magazine less lawn landscaping\" href=\"http://www.sunset.com/garden/landscaping-design/lush-look-less-lawn-00400000045131/\" target=\"_blank\">Sunset Magazine\u003c/a> landscaping ideas with less lawn\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37226\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0857-e1336436422187.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-37226\" title=\"Bay Friendly Garden Tour\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0857-e1336436422187.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0857-e1336436422187.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0857-e1336436422187-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Our tour begins with a beautifully landscaped front yard\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imagine this audacious plan: we return our grid of manicured yards into watershed and wildlife-friendly spaces. From a bird or butterfly’s perspective, it would be a transformation from sterile segmented turf fields to bounteous habitat full of nectar plants, insects, hiding places and nesting spaces. This \u003ca title=\"Bay Friendly Gardens website\" href=\"http://www.bayfriendlycoalition.org/bayfriendlyis.shtml\" target=\"_blank\">\"Bay-Friendly\"\u003cbr>\ngardens\u003c/a> initiative is underway around the Bay Area under the sponsorship of \u003ca href=\"http://stopwaste.org/home/index.asp\">Stopwaste.org\u003c/a>. Last weekend some generous, certified “Bay-Friendly” garden owners opened their yards for tours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37228\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/11/bay-friendly-gardening-welcoming-wildlife-and-nature-into-human-habitats/dscf0856/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37228\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-37228\" title=\"Fox squirrel in the garden\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0856-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A red fox squirrel scampers through the garden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>We were able to purchase a tour booklet and tickets to gain entry to meander around and view the \u003ca title=\"Seven Principles of Bay-Friendly gardening\" href=\"http://bayfriendlycoalition.org/principles.shtml\" target=\"_blank\">seven principles\u003c/a> of \"Bay-Friendly\" gardening used in very different ways. As their website states, \"It’s an approach to landscaping with room for lots of personal preferences and interpretations.\" The gardens were beautiful, creative, and a great way to bring the natural world into people’s every day lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What struck me was the amount of insect and wildlife activity in the featured gardens. These gardens were busy with insects visiting flowers on the sunny Sunday afternoon. Squirrels scampered through the trees and a variety of birds were flitting about and calling from the shelter of trees and shrubs. Like little wildlife havens, the yards were alive with an abundant diversity of plants and wildlife compared with other nearby yards of traditional turf grass and ornamental plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37227\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 225px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0871.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37227\" title=\"Garden creekside retreat\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0871-225x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Garden creekside retreat featuring water permeable surface and artistic seating area\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Bay-Friendly\" gardening also calls for the limited use of pesticides. Toxic chemicals, along with trash pollution, pose big problems to our bay and creeks. Diazinon and chlorpyrifos are two commonly used insecticides. According to a report by \u003ca title=\"TDC Environmental report on pesticides\" href=\"http://www.tdcenvironmental.com/Pesticides.html\" target=\"_blank\">TDC Environmental\u003c/a>, the two are “of great concern, because elevated levels of the two pesticides have been linked to findings of toxicity in wastewater treatment plant effluent, storm water runoff, urban creeks (including all San Francisco Bay area urban creeks), estuaries (including San Francisco Bay), and the Sacramento River. Much of this toxicity occurs in urban areas, apparently reflecting urban releases—rather than agricultural releases—of diazinon and chlorpyrifos.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37229\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 225px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0882.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37229\" title=\"Thimbleberry blooming and setting fruit\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0882-225x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thimbleberry provides food for native birds and insects\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Bay-Friendly\" gardens seem to need fewer pest control measures because the owners strive to create healthier soil conditions, choose plants that are best suited to our climate and location in the garden which, in turn, encourages beneficial insects. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \"Bay-Friendly\" garden website is a great resource, too, for both home gardeners and landscaping professionals. There’s an interactive page showing some \u003ca title=\"Interactive picture of Bay Friendly Garden practices\" href=\"http://www.stopwaste.org/home/index.asp?page=142\" target=\"_blank\">examples of good gardening practices\u003c/a>. There is still one more tour you can attend in \u003ca title=\"Bay Friendly Garden Tour Marin County\" href=\"http://www.bayfriendlycoalition.org/GardenTour.shtml\" target=\"_blank\">Marin County\u003c/a> on May 19 to gather ideas for your own \"Bay-Friendly\" garden. We’ve also been working on creating a \"Bay-Friendly\" landscape around the \u003ca title=\"Crab Cove Visitor Center, EBRPD website\" href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/parks/vc/crab_cove\" target=\"_blank\">Crab Cove Visitor Center\u003c/a>. Maybe you’ll see us on the Alameda County garden tour, once we get certified, in the next couple of years!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Additional Links:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sunset.com/garden/landscaping-design/lush-look-less-lawn-00400000045131/\">Pesticide pollution prevention\u003c/a> ideas\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca title=\"Sunset Magazine less lawn landscaping\" href=\"http://www.sunset.com/garden/landscaping-design/lush-look-less-lawn-00400000045131/\" target=\"_blank\">Sunset Magazine\u003c/a> landscaping ideas with less lawn\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Geological Outings Around the Bay: Rodeo Beach",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37474\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeobeachtop/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37474\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachtop.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeobeachtop\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37474\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachtop.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachtop-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protecting blue-green Rodeo Lagoon from the green-blue Pacific, Rodeo Beach displays unusual materials in its unusual setting. Photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The strait called the Golden Gate has beaches on both sides of its seaward end. On the south side, in San Francisco, are Baker Beach and Ocean Beach, which are made of fine sand derived mostly from the Sierra Nevada. On the north side in Marin County is little Rodeo Beach, which is not. Rodeo Beach is small but has a lot to see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodeo Beach is next to old Fort Cronkhite in the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, situated between the sea and the valley of Rodeo Creek. The beach qualifies as a \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/structureslandforms/ig/Depositional-Landforms/bar.htm\">bar\u003c/a>, the geographer's term for a pile of sediment that crosses the mouth of a river. As you can see in the top photo, Rodeo Creek is dammed behind the beach to form Rodeo Lagoon, but some of the water from the lagoon manages to spill across the beach at its north (left) end into Rodeo Cove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodeo Creek supplies no sediment to the shoreline. Instead, the beach's sand and gravel is manufactured on the spot from the local bedrock of the Franciscan Complex, which crops out in steep coastal bluffs on either side. Before you study the beach itself, take a look at these rocks. There are three main Franciscan rock types at Rodeo Beach that you can easily distinguish: on the south side (see below) are chert and basalt and on the north side is sandstone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37472\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeobeachpan/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37472\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpan.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeobeachpan\" width=\"600\" height=\"379\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37472\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpan.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpan-400x253.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">View south of Rodeo Beach toward Point Bonita\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Chert is the most obvious of the three, a hard, flinty stone arranged in hundreds of thin layers. This is the same \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/04/21/geological-outings-around-the-bay-marin-headlands/\">deep-sea ribbon chert visible along Conzelman Road\u003c/a> as you arrive through the Marin Headlands, but here parts of it have been turned green and even bluish colors by the pressure and chemical action of metamorphism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeochert/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37475\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeochert.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeochert\" width=\"500\" height=\"480\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-37475\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeochert.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeochert-400x384.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeochert-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Basalt here is not the black lava you might expect in Hawaii or the Cascade volcanoes. It's largely deep-sea \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/structureslandforms/ig/pillowlava/\">pillow lava\u003c/a> that also has been metamorphosed into \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/rocks/ig/metrockindex/rocpicgreenstone.htm\">greenstone\u003c/a>. The original pillow shapes persist in some places here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeopillows/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37470\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeopillows.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeopillows\" width=\"500\" height=\"349\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-37470\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeopillows.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeopillows-400x279.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sandstone of the northern bluffs is not the red or brown rock of the Grand Canyon, but a dark grit with its own metamorphic overprint. Of these three rocks, basalt is the weakest, the sandstone grains are the hardest and the chert is the toughest. In Rodeo Cove, the vigorous Pacific surf tosses and sweeps and grinds them together, turning out batch after batch of coarse dark sand mixed with polished chert pebbles. The north end of the beach is the best place to admire (and not collect) this exquisite gravel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeobeachpebs/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37473\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpebs.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeobeachpebs\" width=\"500\" height=\"369\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-37473\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpebs.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpebs-400x295.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geologists have studied this sediment closely and matched its ingredients to nearby rocks, although one rare constituent used to puzzle them: round pebbles of translucent carnelian, a red-orange gemstone. In \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/bookreviews/fr/booksloan.htm\">\u003ci>Geology of the San Francisco Bay Region\u003c/i>\u003c/a>, Doris Sloan states that in the winter of 1967 after an especially strong storm, the outflow channel from Rodeo Lagoon dug its way to basalt bedrock six feet down. In that deeply buried stone the source of the carnelian grains was found. They had formed when bubbles in the lava filled with silica—in geologist's jargon, they were amygdules or mineral-filled vesicles. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37471\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/amygdules/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37471\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/amygdules.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"amygdules\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37471\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/amygdules.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/amygdules-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carnelian in a ring and amygdules in basalt, Berkeley Hills\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ever since learning this, I've watched for another such coincidence of storm and tide, although a lifetime might not be sufficient. As could be said of various things, the most severe times may produce the most sublime experiences.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "37469 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=37469",
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"excerpt": "As the weather warms, our fancy turns to thoughts of the beach. One of the most interesting is actually a bar.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37474\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeobeachtop/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37474\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachtop.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeobeachtop\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37474\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachtop.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachtop-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protecting blue-green Rodeo Lagoon from the green-blue Pacific, Rodeo Beach displays unusual materials in its unusual setting. Photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The strait called the Golden Gate has beaches on both sides of its seaward end. On the south side, in San Francisco, are Baker Beach and Ocean Beach, which are made of fine sand derived mostly from the Sierra Nevada. On the north side in Marin County is little Rodeo Beach, which is not. Rodeo Beach is small but has a lot to see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodeo Beach is next to old Fort Cronkhite in the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, situated between the sea and the valley of Rodeo Creek. The beach qualifies as a \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/structureslandforms/ig/Depositional-Landforms/bar.htm\">bar\u003c/a>, the geographer's term for a pile of sediment that crosses the mouth of a river. As you can see in the top photo, Rodeo Creek is dammed behind the beach to form Rodeo Lagoon, but some of the water from the lagoon manages to spill across the beach at its north (left) end into Rodeo Cove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodeo Creek supplies no sediment to the shoreline. Instead, the beach's sand and gravel is manufactured on the spot from the local bedrock of the Franciscan Complex, which crops out in steep coastal bluffs on either side. Before you study the beach itself, take a look at these rocks. There are three main Franciscan rock types at Rodeo Beach that you can easily distinguish: on the south side (see below) are chert and basalt and on the north side is sandstone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37472\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeobeachpan/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37472\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpan.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeobeachpan\" width=\"600\" height=\"379\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37472\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpan.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpan-400x253.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">View south of Rodeo Beach toward Point Bonita\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Chert is the most obvious of the three, a hard, flinty stone arranged in hundreds of thin layers. This is the same \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/04/21/geological-outings-around-the-bay-marin-headlands/\">deep-sea ribbon chert visible along Conzelman Road\u003c/a> as you arrive through the Marin Headlands, but here parts of it have been turned green and even bluish colors by the pressure and chemical action of metamorphism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeochert/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37475\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeochert.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeochert\" width=\"500\" height=\"480\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-37475\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeochert.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeochert-400x384.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeochert-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Basalt here is not the black lava you might expect in Hawaii or the Cascade volcanoes. It's largely deep-sea \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/structureslandforms/ig/pillowlava/\">pillow lava\u003c/a> that also has been metamorphosed into \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/rocks/ig/metrockindex/rocpicgreenstone.htm\">greenstone\u003c/a>. The original pillow shapes persist in some places here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeopillows/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37470\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeopillows.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeopillows\" width=\"500\" height=\"349\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-37470\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeopillows.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeopillows-400x279.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sandstone of the northern bluffs is not the red or brown rock of the Grand Canyon, but a dark grit with its own metamorphic overprint. Of these three rocks, basalt is the weakest, the sandstone grains are the hardest and the chert is the toughest. In Rodeo Cove, the vigorous Pacific surf tosses and sweeps and grinds them together, turning out batch after batch of coarse dark sand mixed with polished chert pebbles. The north end of the beach is the best place to admire (and not collect) this exquisite gravel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/rodeobeachpebs/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37473\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpebs.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rodeobeachpebs\" width=\"500\" height=\"369\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-37473\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpebs.jpg 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/rodeobeachpebs-400x295.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geologists have studied this sediment closely and matched its ingredients to nearby rocks, although one rare constituent used to puzzle them: round pebbles of translucent carnelian, a red-orange gemstone. In \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/bookreviews/fr/booksloan.htm\">\u003ci>Geology of the San Francisco Bay Region\u003c/i>\u003c/a>, Doris Sloan states that in the winter of 1967 after an especially strong storm, the outflow channel from Rodeo Lagoon dug its way to basalt bedrock six feet down. In that deeply buried stone the source of the carnelian grains was found. They had formed when bubbles in the lava filled with silica—in geologist's jargon, they were amygdules or mineral-filled vesicles. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37471\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/10/geological-outings-around-the-bay-rodeo-beach/amygdules/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37471\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/amygdules.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"amygdules\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37471\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/amygdules.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/amygdules-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carnelian in a ring and amygdules in basalt, Berkeley Hills\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ever since learning this, I've watched for another such coincidence of storm and tide, although a lifetime might not be sufficient. As could be said of various things, the most severe times may produce the most sublime experiences.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "KQED QUEST Receives 5 Northern California Area Emmy® Award Nominations!",
"headTitle": "KQED QUEST Receives 5 Northern California Area Emmy® Award Nominations! | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/09/kqed-quest-receives-5-northern-california-area-emmy%c2%ae-award-nominations/\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/EMMY.jpg\" alt=\"EMMY\" title=\"EMMY\" width=\"248\" height=\"140\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-37450\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 41st Annual Northern California Area EMMY® Award Nominations were announced today for outstanding achievement in television by The National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences (NATAS). The following five QUEST stories received nominations — congratulations to you all and best of luck!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Hetch Hetchy Aqueduct: Big Fixes for Big Quakes\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe San Francisco Public Utilities Commission is hard at work on a $4.6 billion, decade-long construction project to overhaul the Hetch Hetchy water system, which delivers water from the Hetch Hetchy reservoir in Yosemite National Park and five local reservoirs to 2.5 million residents in the Bay Area. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Exoskeletons Walk Forward\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An exoskeleton suit may seem like science fiction, turning ordinary humans into super heroes, but wearable robots are moving forward into reality. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Redwoods and Climate Change\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>QUEST follows a group of UC Berkeley scientists to the top of a 320-foot redwood in Mendocino County. Only 5 percent of these ancient redwoods survived our voracious desire for their hardy and plentiful wood. Now scientists are trying to predict how the remaining ones and their descendants might fare in the face of climate change in the decades to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sidelined: Sports Concussions\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studying the effects of a concussion at its source, inside the brain, is no easy feat. Says Dr. Geoffrey Manley, Chief of Neurosurgery at San Francisco General Hospital, “What we’re dealing with is one of the most complicated injuries in the most complicated organ in the body.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Science on the SPOT: Open Source Creativity – Hackerspaces\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inspired in part by the open source movement, public spaces are emerging where people congregate to share ideas, make cool projects, teach, and brainstorm on everything from coding to cooking. With no leaders, they have one rule: “Be excellent to each other.” Take a tour of the hackerspace Noisebridge, located in the heart of San Francisco’s Mission District, with co-founder Mitch Altman.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "KQED QUEST has been nominated for five Northern California Emmy® Awards in 2012. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/09/kqed-quest-receives-5-northern-california-area-emmy%c2%ae-award-nominations/\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/EMMY.jpg\" alt=\"EMMY\" title=\"EMMY\" width=\"248\" height=\"140\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-37450\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 41st Annual Northern California Area EMMY® Award Nominations were announced today for outstanding achievement in television by The National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences (NATAS). The following five QUEST stories received nominations — congratulations to you all and best of luck!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Hetch Hetchy Aqueduct: Big Fixes for Big Quakes\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe San Francisco Public Utilities Commission is hard at work on a $4.6 billion, decade-long construction project to overhaul the Hetch Hetchy water system, which delivers water from the Hetch Hetchy reservoir in Yosemite National Park and five local reservoirs to 2.5 million residents in the Bay Area. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Exoskeletons Walk Forward\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An exoskeleton suit may seem like science fiction, turning ordinary humans into super heroes, but wearable robots are moving forward into reality. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Redwoods and Climate Change\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>QUEST follows a group of UC Berkeley scientists to the top of a 320-foot redwood in Mendocino County. Only 5 percent of these ancient redwoods survived our voracious desire for their hardy and plentiful wood. Now scientists are trying to predict how the remaining ones and their descendants might fare in the face of climate change in the decades to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sidelined: Sports Concussions\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studying the effects of a concussion at its source, inside the brain, is no easy feat. Says Dr. Geoffrey Manley, Chief of Neurosurgery at San Francisco General Hospital, “What we’re dealing with is one of the most complicated injuries in the most complicated organ in the body.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Science on the SPOT: Open Source Creativity – Hackerspaces\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inspired in part by the open source movement, public spaces are emerging where people congregate to share ideas, make cool projects, teach, and brainstorm on everything from coding to cooking. With no leaders, they have one rule: “Be excellent to each other.” Take a tour of the hackerspace Noisebridge, located in the heart of San Francisco’s Mission District, with co-founder Mitch Altman.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "“The Art of Nature” Educates and Inspires",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/08/%e2%80%9cthe-art-of-nature%e2%80%9d-educates-and-inspires/ks_sailfish-art/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37904\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/KS_Sailfish-art.jpg\" alt=\"Indo-Pacific Sailfish by Kate Spencer\" title=\"KS_Sailfish-art\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37904\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/KS_Sailfish-art.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/KS_Sailfish-art-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two artists sat side by side at the demo table. Diane T. Sands wrestled with a live turtle who didn't want to pose; Megan Gnekow hovered over her laptop, flipping between \"nestcams\"--live video streams from birds' nests around the country. At the beginning of the evening, Gnekow found a pair of red-tailed hawk parents feeding their chicks. \"What a treat!\" she exclaimed, and began to sketch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sands and Gnekow were participants in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.firstfridaysantacruz.com/\" title=\"First Friday Santa Cruz\">First Friday Art Tour\u003c/a> on May 4th at the Santa Cruz Museum of Natural History's exhibit \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.santacruzmuseums.org/exhibits/current/index.htm\" title=\"Santa Cruz Museum of Natural History - The Art of Nature\">The Art of Nature\u003c/a>.\" Throughout the museum, behind permanent display cases of stuffed foxes and a marine touch pool, the walls were covered with artwork from the California Guild of Natural Science Illustrators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/08/%e2%80%9cthe-art-of-nature%e2%80%9d-educates-and-inspires/talbot-karen-selasphorus-sasin-allens-hummingbird/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37563\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Talbot-Karen-Selasphorus-sasin-Allens-Hummingbird-278x253.jpg\" alt=\"Allen's Hummingbird by Karen Talbot\" title=\"Talbot, Karen - Selasphorus sasin (Allen's Hummingbird)\" width=\"278\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-37563\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Cruz Museum of Natural History has been hosting an annual science illustration exhibit for twenty-three years. It began as a showcase for the graduating class of the UC Santa Cruz \u003ca href=\"http://scienceillustration.org/\" title=\"Science Illustration Certificate Program\">science illustration program\u003c/a>, but when that program moved to CSU Monterey Bay, the end-of-year show moved with it. (\"Illustrating Nature\" is now on display at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pgmuseum.org/exhibits\" title=\"Pacific Grove Museum of Natural History\">Pacific Grove Museum of Natural History\u003c/a>--I'll be reporting next week.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Cruz museum switched partners from the university to the California chapter of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.gnsi.org/groups/gnsi-california\" title=\"Guild of Natural Science Illustrators CA\">Guild of Natural Science Illustrators\u003c/a>. As it turns out, a large proportion of guild members are graduates of the UCSC/CSUMB program. So those artists currently showing at the PG Museum may well be featured in a few years in Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And future generations of science illustrators could spring from participants in school tours of \"The Art of Nature.\" Deborah McArthur, the Santa Cruz museum's education manager, leads kids on a picture hunt through the exhibit, then lets them experiment with their own mixed media illustration. Science and art instruction go hand in hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37395\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 257px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/08/%e2%80%9cthe-art-of-nature%e2%80%9d-educates-and-inspires/aon_butterfly/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37395\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/aon_butterfly-257x253.jpg\" alt=\"California Butterfly by Sondra Cohelan\" title=\"aon_butterfly\" width=\"257\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-37395\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Butterfly by Sondra Cohelan\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even as an adult wandering through the show, I found myself learning new things. When a drawing of shiny scarabs caught my eye, I first thought \"Ancient Egypt!\" then learned that \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewel_scarab\" title=\"Jewel Scarabs\">some scarabs\u003c/a> are actually native to the southwest US. On another wall, a California gull plowing hungrily through a cloud of flies taught me that a seagull's diet is far more varied than fish and picnic sandwiches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One painting is particularly poignant: a watercolor of an Indo-Pacific sailfish, commissioned by the Monterey Bay Aquarium as a gift to the director of the Japanese sea museum \u003ca href=\"http://www.marine.fks.ed.jp/english/top_e.html\" title=\"Aquamarine Fukushima\">Aquamarine Fukushima\u003c/a>. According to the placard, \"The framed original survived the 2011 earthquake/tsunami.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As I left the museum, Sands' turtle was crawling across Gnekow's colored pencil case while Gnekow sketched \u003ca href=\"http://www.decoraheaglecamalerts.com/\" title=\"Decorah Eagle Cam\">eagle chicks from Decorah, Iowa\u003c/a>. Science illustrators may travel far afield--there were sketchbooks on display from New Zealand and South America--but I appreciated the reminder that natural subjects are everywhere, from the family pet to the internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 5/10/12 with artists' links and higher-quality images. Thanks, artists!\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/08/%e2%80%9cthe-art-of-nature%e2%80%9d-educates-and-inspires/devonian-edited-copy-for-web/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37462\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Devonian-edited-copy-for-web.jpg\" alt=\"Marsh plants in sketchbook by Emily Coren (walkaboutem.com)\" title=\"Marsh plants in sketchbook by Emily Coren (walkaboutem.com)\" width=\"640\" class=\"size-large\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/08/%e2%80%9cthe-art-of-nature%e2%80%9d-educates-and-inspires/ks_sailfish-art/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37904\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/KS_Sailfish-art.jpg\" alt=\"Indo-Pacific Sailfish by Kate Spencer\" title=\"KS_Sailfish-art\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-37904\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/KS_Sailfish-art.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/KS_Sailfish-art-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two artists sat side by side at the demo table. Diane T. Sands wrestled with a live turtle who didn't want to pose; Megan Gnekow hovered over her laptop, flipping between \"nestcams\"--live video streams from birds' nests around the country. At the beginning of the evening, Gnekow found a pair of red-tailed hawk parents feeding their chicks. \"What a treat!\" she exclaimed, and began to sketch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sands and Gnekow were participants in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.firstfridaysantacruz.com/\" title=\"First Friday Santa Cruz\">First Friday Art Tour\u003c/a> on May 4th at the Santa Cruz Museum of Natural History's exhibit \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.santacruzmuseums.org/exhibits/current/index.htm\" title=\"Santa Cruz Museum of Natural History - The Art of Nature\">The Art of Nature\u003c/a>.\" Throughout the museum, behind permanent display cases of stuffed foxes and a marine touch pool, the walls were covered with artwork from the California Guild of Natural Science Illustrators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/08/%e2%80%9cthe-art-of-nature%e2%80%9d-educates-and-inspires/talbot-karen-selasphorus-sasin-allens-hummingbird/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37563\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Talbot-Karen-Selasphorus-sasin-Allens-Hummingbird-278x253.jpg\" alt=\"Allen's Hummingbird by Karen Talbot\" title=\"Talbot, Karen - Selasphorus sasin (Allen's Hummingbird)\" width=\"278\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-37563\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Cruz Museum of Natural History has been hosting an annual science illustration exhibit for twenty-three years. It began as a showcase for the graduating class of the UC Santa Cruz \u003ca href=\"http://scienceillustration.org/\" title=\"Science Illustration Certificate Program\">science illustration program\u003c/a>, but when that program moved to CSU Monterey Bay, the end-of-year show moved with it. (\"Illustrating Nature\" is now on display at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pgmuseum.org/exhibits\" title=\"Pacific Grove Museum of Natural History\">Pacific Grove Museum of Natural History\u003c/a>--I'll be reporting next week.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Cruz museum switched partners from the university to the California chapter of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.gnsi.org/groups/gnsi-california\" title=\"Guild of Natural Science Illustrators CA\">Guild of Natural Science Illustrators\u003c/a>. As it turns out, a large proportion of guild members are graduates of the UCSC/CSUMB program. So those artists currently showing at the PG Museum may well be featured in a few years in Santa Cruz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And future generations of science illustrators could spring from participants in school tours of \"The Art of Nature.\" Deborah McArthur, the Santa Cruz museum's education manager, leads kids on a picture hunt through the exhibit, then lets them experiment with their own mixed media illustration. Science and art instruction go hand in hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37395\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 257px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/08/%e2%80%9cthe-art-of-nature%e2%80%9d-educates-and-inspires/aon_butterfly/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37395\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/aon_butterfly-257x253.jpg\" alt=\"California Butterfly by Sondra Cohelan\" title=\"aon_butterfly\" width=\"257\" height=\"253\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-37395\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Butterfly by Sondra Cohelan\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even as an adult wandering through the show, I found myself learning new things. When a drawing of shiny scarabs caught my eye, I first thought \"Ancient Egypt!\" then learned that \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewel_scarab\" title=\"Jewel Scarabs\">some scarabs\u003c/a> are actually native to the southwest US. On another wall, a California gull plowing hungrily through a cloud of flies taught me that a seagull's diet is far more varied than fish and picnic sandwiches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One painting is particularly poignant: a watercolor of an Indo-Pacific sailfish, commissioned by the Monterey Bay Aquarium as a gift to the director of the Japanese sea museum \u003ca href=\"http://www.marine.fks.ed.jp/english/top_e.html\" title=\"Aquamarine Fukushima\">Aquamarine Fukushima\u003c/a>. According to the placard, \"The framed original survived the 2011 earthquake/tsunami.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As I left the museum, Sands' turtle was crawling across Gnekow's colored pencil case while Gnekow sketched \u003ca href=\"http://www.decoraheaglecamalerts.com/\" title=\"Decorah Eagle Cam\">eagle chicks from Decorah, Iowa\u003c/a>. Science illustrators may travel far afield--there were sketchbooks on display from New Zealand and South America--but I appreciated the reminder that natural subjects are everywhere, from the family pet to the internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 5/10/12 with artists' links and higher-quality images. Thanks, artists!\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/08/%e2%80%9cthe-art-of-nature%e2%80%9d-educates-and-inspires/devonian-edited-copy-for-web/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37462\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Devonian-edited-copy-for-web.jpg\" alt=\"Marsh plants in sketchbook by Emily Coren (walkaboutem.com)\" title=\"Marsh plants in sketchbook by Emily Coren (walkaboutem.com)\" width=\"640\" class=\"size-large\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Exploring Corals of the Deep",
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"content": "\u003cp>It's hard to fathom that off our central California coast, just 80 miles southwest of Monterey, is a massive underwater mountain which blooms with deep sea coral life, including some corals which were new to science before they were discovered by researchers at the \u003ca href=\"http://montereybay.noaa.gov/\">Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.mbari.org/\">Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37177\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/NOAA_MBARI_2002_CMonticola_newspecies_2486_DSCN3687.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37177\" title=\"NOAA_MBARI_2002_CMonticola_newspecies_2486_DSCN3687\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/NOAA_MBARI_2002_CMonticola_newspecies_2486_DSCN3687-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A new species of coral, Chrysogorgia monticola, discovered more than a mile and a half deep at the Davidson Seamount. Courtesy NOAA / MBARI 2002.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This underwater mountain is the \u003ca href=\"http://montereybay.noaa.gov/research/dsmz/welcome.html\">Davidson Seamount\u003c/a>, an impressive geological structure which like the roughly 30,000 seamounts throughout the world, was generated by underwater volcanic activity. In 1933, it became the first geographic feature called a \"seamount\" and it is named after George Davidson, an astronomer and geographer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what makes the Davidson Seamount so special?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Andrew DeVogelaere, Research Coordinator for the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary told me during our filming for this QUEST story, \"It’s special because of its shape. Most sea mounts are circular...This one is oblong, because as it developed over millions of years, it was on a spreading center.Think of Hawaii underneath the water...that juts up from the sea floor mud thousands of feet.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37178\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/603_Corals_resized_DeVogelaere_SS_1-24-12_DSC_0011.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37178\" title=\"603_Corals_resized_DeVogelaere_SS_1-24-12_DSC_0011\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/603_Corals_resized_DeVogelaere_SS_1-24-12_DSC_0011-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary Research Coordinator Andrew DeVogelaere during a break from the filming of his interview. Photo by Sheraz Sadiq / QUEST.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The other reason why this seamount is so special is its reputation as an oasis of deep sea coral life. Approximately 30 species of deep sea corals have been found at the Davidson Seamount. While it may seem odd that any animal could survive let alone thrive in this dark, frigid environment, the deep sea corals opportunistically position themselves on the steep sides of the Davidson Seamount to catch nutrients and plankton rushing up from deep sea currents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But venturing to this seamount is no easy feat; in fact, the top of the Davidson Seamount is still 4,000 feet below the surface of the water! Undeterred and with the high-tech submersible tools at their disposal, DeVogelaere and fellow marine biologist Jim Barry of MBARI launched a research trip in 2006 to the 26 mile-long Davidson Seamount to explore the rich biodiversity teeming in its dark, watery depths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trip was a follow-up to a 2002 research expedition funded by NOAA, also under the direction of Andrew DeVogelaere at the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. The impetus of that trip was to catalogue, through the use of a Remotely Operated Vehicle mounted with sophisticated cameras, the abundance and diversity of deep sea corals and other striking animals such as anemones and fish observed along the sides and valleys of this volcanic, rocky formation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37179\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/NOAA_MBARI_2006_1313_bubblegum_DSCN71851.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37179\" title=\"NOAA_MBARI_2006_1313_bubblegum_DSCN7185\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/NOAA_MBARI_2006_1313_bubblegum_DSCN71851-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A bubble gum coral spotted more than 4,300 feet deep at the Davidson Seamount. Courtesy NOAA / MBARI 2006.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2006, the team returned to the seamount and once more recorded hours upon hours of breathtaking HD footage. The scientists were also trying to develop a model that would help them predict where other corals might be in the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, which the Davidson Seamount was incorporated into in 2009. Some deep sea corals were also transplanted from a less acidic region at the top of the seamount to a more acidic region farther below to assess how these transplanted corals would fare in the face of increasing ocean acidification. Not only did the scientists find evidence of ocean acidification at 12,000 feet, they also found evidence of the toxic pesticide DDT and trash, including a Coca-Cola bottle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a personal level, this was an aspect of the story which indelibly affected me - how is it that creatures like corals, which can live thousands of years, survive in an inhospitable environment thousands of feet beneath the surface of the ocean?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37180\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/NOAA_MBARI_2002_blackcoral_2467_DSCN3430.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37180\" title=\"NOAA_MBARI_2002_blackcoral_2467_DSCN3430\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/NOAA_MBARI_2002_blackcoral_2467_DSCN3430-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A black coral clinging to the side of the Davidson seamount. A species of black coral was discovered off the coast of Hawaii and dated to 4,600 years old! Courtesy NOAA / MBARI 2002.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sadly, these seemingly fragile but resilient, ancient organisms are experiencing stresses, such as ocean acidification, to their ancient marine habitats which may far outstrip their ability to adapt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Barry is studying the effects of ocean acidification on deep sea organisms like urchins and, as he told me, he plans to bring into his lab precious corals (so named for their value as jewelry) to see how they contend with increasing levels of acidity. \"The California coast could be considered the front line for ocean acidification damage, within 50 years, and certainly by the end of the century...As ocean acidification due to our C02 emissions intensifies along this coast, those corals are gonna have a hard time,\" Barry said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37181\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/603_Corals_resized_Barry_SS_1-24-12_DSC_0004.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37181\" title=\"603_Corals_resized_Barry_SS_1-24-12_DSC_0004\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/603_Corals_resized_Barry_SS_1-24-12_DSC_0004-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">MBARI Staff Scientist in his lab at Moss Landing, looking at a tank containing urchins. Photo by Sheraz Sadiq / QUEST.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Stephen Palumbi, Director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www-marine.stanford.edu/\">Hopkins Marine Station\u003c/a>, is another amazing, eloquent marine biologist whom I interviewed for this story. He specializes in tropical corals which are also vulnerable to the effects of ocean acidification. His research in American Samoa focuses on \"super corals\" - species of corals which thrive in waters that would be too warm for most other corals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Palumbi similarly struck a somber note in regards to ocean acidification, trawling and other pressures facing corals, be they in the cold, deep ocean or in the warm, shallow waters of the tropics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37182\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/603_Corals_resized_Palumbi_SS_1-31-12DSC_0005.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37182\" title=\"603_Corals_resized_Palumbi_SS_1-31-12DSC_0005\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/603_Corals_resized_Palumbi_SS_1-31-12DSC_0005-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stephen Palumbi, Director of the Hopkins Marine Station in his lab at Pacific Grove. Photo by Sheraz Sadiq / QUEST.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"The biggest worry is that we humans are such game-changers. We change the rules wherever we go,\" he said. \"That record of coral success, which has been a quarter of a billion years that corals have been successful on our planet, ...is about to come to an end because of the way we are so incredibly changing the oceans.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, it's a race against time. DeVogelaere told me that we know less about the deep ocean than the surface of the moon. With tens of thousands of seamounts around the world, perhaps now is the time to descend high-tech ROVs thousands of feet into the cold, watery abyss and illuminate the stunning, ancient corals of the deep, documenting their diversity and habitat range around the world before they disappear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the course of my production on this story, I was lucky enough to acquire some very compelling footage of bottom trawling activity. In particular, \u003ca href=\"http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/campaigns/oceans/\">Greenpeace International \u003c/a> allowed me to use the powerful clip of a large bubblegum coral being thrown overboard, part of the senseless bycatch scooped up in the shipping vessel's trawl net. The size of the coral, which took two men two throw overboard, indicates that it must have been growing for at least hundreds of years in the deep sea. Greenpeace also had video shot in the deep Bering Sea, where parts of the seafloor bore scars from trawling activity. \u003ca href=\"http://oceana.org/en/about-us/what-we-do\">Oceana\u003c/a>, another NGO diligently trying to protect the world's oceans, shared black and white video footage originally shot by NOAA of a trawl net scraping the seafloor and scooping up any and all marine organisms in its indiscriminate, destructive path.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Off California's coastline, thousands of feet below the deep blue ocean where the sun's rays don't reach, teems a diverse community of deep sea corals. Armed with unmanned submarines equipped with robotic arms, sensors and HD cameras, scientists are exploring this treasure trove of corals and the rich marine life living among them.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It's hard to fathom that off our central California coast, just 80 miles southwest of Monterey, is a massive underwater mountain which blooms with deep sea coral life, including some corals which were new to science before they were discovered by researchers at the \u003ca href=\"http://montereybay.noaa.gov/\">Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.mbari.org/\">Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37177\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/NOAA_MBARI_2002_CMonticola_newspecies_2486_DSCN3687.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37177\" title=\"NOAA_MBARI_2002_CMonticola_newspecies_2486_DSCN3687\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/NOAA_MBARI_2002_CMonticola_newspecies_2486_DSCN3687-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A new species of coral, Chrysogorgia monticola, discovered more than a mile and a half deep at the Davidson Seamount. Courtesy NOAA / MBARI 2002.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This underwater mountain is the \u003ca href=\"http://montereybay.noaa.gov/research/dsmz/welcome.html\">Davidson Seamount\u003c/a>, an impressive geological structure which like the roughly 30,000 seamounts throughout the world, was generated by underwater volcanic activity. In 1933, it became the first geographic feature called a \"seamount\" and it is named after George Davidson, an astronomer and geographer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what makes the Davidson Seamount so special?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Andrew DeVogelaere, Research Coordinator for the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary told me during our filming for this QUEST story, \"It’s special because of its shape. Most sea mounts are circular...This one is oblong, because as it developed over millions of years, it was on a spreading center.Think of Hawaii underneath the water...that juts up from the sea floor mud thousands of feet.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37178\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/603_Corals_resized_DeVogelaere_SS_1-24-12_DSC_0011.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37178\" title=\"603_Corals_resized_DeVogelaere_SS_1-24-12_DSC_0011\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/603_Corals_resized_DeVogelaere_SS_1-24-12_DSC_0011-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary Research Coordinator Andrew DeVogelaere during a break from the filming of his interview. Photo by Sheraz Sadiq / QUEST.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The other reason why this seamount is so special is its reputation as an oasis of deep sea coral life. Approximately 30 species of deep sea corals have been found at the Davidson Seamount. While it may seem odd that any animal could survive let alone thrive in this dark, frigid environment, the deep sea corals opportunistically position themselves on the steep sides of the Davidson Seamount to catch nutrients and plankton rushing up from deep sea currents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But venturing to this seamount is no easy feat; in fact, the top of the Davidson Seamount is still 4,000 feet below the surface of the water! Undeterred and with the high-tech submersible tools at their disposal, DeVogelaere and fellow marine biologist Jim Barry of MBARI launched a research trip in 2006 to the 26 mile-long Davidson Seamount to explore the rich biodiversity teeming in its dark, watery depths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trip was a follow-up to a 2002 research expedition funded by NOAA, also under the direction of Andrew DeVogelaere at the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. The impetus of that trip was to catalogue, through the use of a Remotely Operated Vehicle mounted with sophisticated cameras, the abundance and diversity of deep sea corals and other striking animals such as anemones and fish observed along the sides and valleys of this volcanic, rocky formation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37179\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/NOAA_MBARI_2006_1313_bubblegum_DSCN71851.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37179\" title=\"NOAA_MBARI_2006_1313_bubblegum_DSCN7185\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/NOAA_MBARI_2006_1313_bubblegum_DSCN71851-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A bubble gum coral spotted more than 4,300 feet deep at the Davidson Seamount. Courtesy NOAA / MBARI 2006.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2006, the team returned to the seamount and once more recorded hours upon hours of breathtaking HD footage. The scientists were also trying to develop a model that would help them predict where other corals might be in the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, which the Davidson Seamount was incorporated into in 2009. Some deep sea corals were also transplanted from a less acidic region at the top of the seamount to a more acidic region farther below to assess how these transplanted corals would fare in the face of increasing ocean acidification. Not only did the scientists find evidence of ocean acidification at 12,000 feet, they also found evidence of the toxic pesticide DDT and trash, including a Coca-Cola bottle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a personal level, this was an aspect of the story which indelibly affected me - how is it that creatures like corals, which can live thousands of years, survive in an inhospitable environment thousands of feet beneath the surface of the ocean?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37180\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/NOAA_MBARI_2002_blackcoral_2467_DSCN3430.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37180\" title=\"NOAA_MBARI_2002_blackcoral_2467_DSCN3430\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/NOAA_MBARI_2002_blackcoral_2467_DSCN3430-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A black coral clinging to the side of the Davidson seamount. A species of black coral was discovered off the coast of Hawaii and dated to 4,600 years old! Courtesy NOAA / MBARI 2002.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sadly, these seemingly fragile but resilient, ancient organisms are experiencing stresses, such as ocean acidification, to their ancient marine habitats which may far outstrip their ability to adapt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Barry is studying the effects of ocean acidification on deep sea organisms like urchins and, as he told me, he plans to bring into his lab precious corals (so named for their value as jewelry) to see how they contend with increasing levels of acidity. \"The California coast could be considered the front line for ocean acidification damage, within 50 years, and certainly by the end of the century...As ocean acidification due to our C02 emissions intensifies along this coast, those corals are gonna have a hard time,\" Barry said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37181\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/603_Corals_resized_Barry_SS_1-24-12_DSC_0004.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37181\" title=\"603_Corals_resized_Barry_SS_1-24-12_DSC_0004\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/603_Corals_resized_Barry_SS_1-24-12_DSC_0004-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">MBARI Staff Scientist in his lab at Moss Landing, looking at a tank containing urchins. Photo by Sheraz Sadiq / QUEST.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Stephen Palumbi, Director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www-marine.stanford.edu/\">Hopkins Marine Station\u003c/a>, is another amazing, eloquent marine biologist whom I interviewed for this story. He specializes in tropical corals which are also vulnerable to the effects of ocean acidification. His research in American Samoa focuses on \"super corals\" - species of corals which thrive in waters that would be too warm for most other corals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Palumbi similarly struck a somber note in regards to ocean acidification, trawling and other pressures facing corals, be they in the cold, deep ocean or in the warm, shallow waters of the tropics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37182\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/603_Corals_resized_Palumbi_SS_1-31-12DSC_0005.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37182\" title=\"603_Corals_resized_Palumbi_SS_1-31-12DSC_0005\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/603_Corals_resized_Palumbi_SS_1-31-12DSC_0005-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stephen Palumbi, Director of the Hopkins Marine Station in his lab at Pacific Grove. Photo by Sheraz Sadiq / QUEST.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"The biggest worry is that we humans are such game-changers. We change the rules wherever we go,\" he said. \"That record of coral success, which has been a quarter of a billion years that corals have been successful on our planet, ...is about to come to an end because of the way we are so incredibly changing the oceans.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, it's a race against time. DeVogelaere told me that we know less about the deep ocean than the surface of the moon. With tens of thousands of seamounts around the world, perhaps now is the time to descend high-tech ROVs thousands of feet into the cold, watery abyss and illuminate the stunning, ancient corals of the deep, documenting their diversity and habitat range around the world before they disappear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the course of my production on this story, I was lucky enough to acquire some very compelling footage of bottom trawling activity. In particular, \u003ca href=\"http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/campaigns/oceans/\">Greenpeace International \u003c/a> allowed me to use the powerful clip of a large bubblegum coral being thrown overboard, part of the senseless bycatch scooped up in the shipping vessel's trawl net. The size of the coral, which took two men two throw overboard, indicates that it must have been growing for at least hundreds of years in the deep sea. Greenpeace also had video shot in the deep Bering Sea, where parts of the seafloor bore scars from trawling activity. \u003ca href=\"http://oceana.org/en/about-us/what-we-do\">Oceana\u003c/a>, another NGO diligently trying to protect the world's oceans, shared black and white video footage originally shot by NOAA of a trawl net scraping the seafloor and scooping up any and all marine organisms in its indiscriminate, destructive path.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Field Notes: Oakland Zoo in Uganda",
"title": "Field Notes: Oakland Zoo in Uganda",
"headTitle": "Field Notes | QUEST | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Zoos and Aquariums Embrace Conservation \u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Text by \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/author/amy-gotliffe/\">Amy Gotliffe\u003c/a>, Conservation Director at the Oakland Zoo.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are many admirable conservation organizations around the world, but zoos and aquariums have a unique advantage: they welcome 175 million people through their gates each year. On a nice, affordable day out, these zoo-goers can be exposed to conservation messages at a variety of levels. In fact, zoos were ranked among the top most trusted messengers of wildlife conservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zoos and aquariums are now on the forefront of wildlife protection. They raise and donate funds, send medical, educational and operational supplies to projects, raise awareness through lectures, classes and publications, donate expertise by sending vets and other staff to project sites and sell indigenous wares in their gift shops. They band together with other zoos in their ecosystem to work on local conservation issues, breed and release species, and provide medical attention to local wildlife. They are full service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservation of wildlife is central to the mission of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.oaklandzoo.org/\">Oakland Zoo\u003c/a> as well, and we fully embrace the projects we are closest to. The \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/07/03/wire-snares-in-africa/\">Budongo Snare Removal Project\u003c/a> in Uganda is a good example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37084\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-37084\" title=\"603i chimp 2\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/603i-chimp-21-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A chimp from the Budongo Forest Reserve in Uganda\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This project protects endangered chimpanzees by providing a snare patrol and removal team, an educational outreach program and a means for getting protein for ex-poachers: goats!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.oaklandzoo.org/Conservation.php\">Oakland Zoo Conservation Fund\u003c/a> has been the sole financial supporter of the project since 2001. The funding is raised through an evening event and silent auction, called For the Love of Primates, in February, giving us a chance to raise awareness about the project, as well as funds. Discovering Primates Day also happens in February, where guests participate in fun, hands-on stations and learn about all primates and what each of us can do to help them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37037\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-37037\" title=\"ZC11 budongo shirts\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/ZC11-budongo-shirts-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kids participate in The Oakland Zoo's \"ZooCamp\"\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2011, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.oaklandzoo.org/ZooCamp.php\">Oakland Zoo’s ZooCamp\u003c/a> selected the Budongo Snare Removal Project as their beneficiary, thereby designating one dollar of every camper registration as a donation to the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the week, 1000 plus children donned in yellow t-shirts with the Budongo logo, connected to chimps and the project in a variety of ways. They visited our dynamic group of chimpanzees, created enrichment for them and participated in a theatrical, live presentation called Budongo Hour. Their ZooCamp gift was a \u003ca href=\"http://www.oaklandzoo.org/Zoo_Gift_shop.php\">Kibale Bead\u003c/a> bracelet made by an artisan group in Uganda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, an intrepid group of adults and an enthusiastic group of teens collected cameras, laptops, books, school supplies, medical supplies and notes of appreciation from staff and ZooCampers, and set sail for Uganda to visit the project. After a very warm welcome, each group delivered their goods, walked the forest with the snare patrol team, attended ex-poacher meetings, got schooled in their outreach programs, and experienced first-hand the joys and challenges of maintaining a successful conservation program. I think the highlight for many of us was the day spent working to de-worm the many goats in the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37064\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 360px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-37064\" title=\"Group with Dr Carol 3\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Group-with-Dr-Carol-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"203\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Oakland Zoo team in Uganda\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Back at the zoo, a new concept launched: Quarters for Conservation. This program donates $.25 from each zoo admission to one of three featured conservation programs, and in our inaugural year, the Budongo Snare Removal Project was selected. Visitors receive a token at the gate and vote for their favorite project at the conservation voting station. Signage and often a volunteer, enlighten all Oakland Zoo visitors about the plight of these Ugandan primates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we have reached a critical time in the history of conserving wildlife, now is the time for all of us to care and take action. It is fortunate that most zoos do just that. We look forward to creating more ways our zoo can fully embrace the Budongo Snare Removal Project and all of our planet’s precious wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Zoos and Aquariums Embrace Conservation \u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Text by \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/author/amy-gotliffe/\">Amy Gotliffe\u003c/a>, Conservation Director at the Oakland Zoo.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are many admirable conservation organizations around the world, but zoos and aquariums have a unique advantage: they welcome 175 million people through their gates each year. On a nice, affordable day out, these zoo-goers can be exposed to conservation messages at a variety of levels. In fact, zoos were ranked among the top most trusted messengers of wildlife conservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zoos and aquariums are now on the forefront of wildlife protection. They raise and donate funds, send medical, educational and operational supplies to projects, raise awareness through lectures, classes and publications, donate expertise by sending vets and other staff to project sites and sell indigenous wares in their gift shops. They band together with other zoos in their ecosystem to work on local conservation issues, breed and release species, and provide medical attention to local wildlife. They are full service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conservation of wildlife is central to the mission of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.oaklandzoo.org/\">Oakland Zoo\u003c/a> as well, and we fully embrace the projects we are closest to. The \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/07/03/wire-snares-in-africa/\">Budongo Snare Removal Project\u003c/a> in Uganda is a good example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37084\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-37084\" title=\"603i chimp 2\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/603i-chimp-21-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A chimp from the Budongo Forest Reserve in Uganda\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This project protects endangered chimpanzees by providing a snare patrol and removal team, an educational outreach program and a means for getting protein for ex-poachers: goats!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.oaklandzoo.org/Conservation.php\">Oakland Zoo Conservation Fund\u003c/a> has been the sole financial supporter of the project since 2001. The funding is raised through an evening event and silent auction, called For the Love of Primates, in February, giving us a chance to raise awareness about the project, as well as funds. Discovering Primates Day also happens in February, where guests participate in fun, hands-on stations and learn about all primates and what each of us can do to help them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37037\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-37037\" title=\"ZC11 budongo shirts\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/ZC11-budongo-shirts-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kids participate in The Oakland Zoo's \"ZooCamp\"\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2011, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.oaklandzoo.org/ZooCamp.php\">Oakland Zoo’s ZooCamp\u003c/a> selected the Budongo Snare Removal Project as their beneficiary, thereby designating one dollar of every camper registration as a donation to the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the week, 1000 plus children donned in yellow t-shirts with the Budongo logo, connected to chimps and the project in a variety of ways. They visited our dynamic group of chimpanzees, created enrichment for them and participated in a theatrical, live presentation called Budongo Hour. Their ZooCamp gift was a \u003ca href=\"http://www.oaklandzoo.org/Zoo_Gift_shop.php\">Kibale Bead\u003c/a> bracelet made by an artisan group in Uganda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, an intrepid group of adults and an enthusiastic group of teens collected cameras, laptops, books, school supplies, medical supplies and notes of appreciation from staff and ZooCampers, and set sail for Uganda to visit the project. After a very warm welcome, each group delivered their goods, walked the forest with the snare patrol team, attended ex-poacher meetings, got schooled in their outreach programs, and experienced first-hand the joys and challenges of maintaining a successful conservation program. I think the highlight for many of us was the day spent working to de-worm the many goats in the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37064\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 360px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-37064\" title=\"Group with Dr Carol 3\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/Group-with-Dr-Carol-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"203\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Oakland Zoo team in Uganda\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Back at the zoo, a new concept launched: Quarters for Conservation. This program donates $.25 from each zoo admission to one of three featured conservation programs, and in our inaugural year, the Budongo Snare Removal Project was selected. Visitors receive a token at the gate and vote for their favorite project at the conservation voting station. Signage and often a volunteer, enlighten all Oakland Zoo visitors about the plight of these Ugandan primates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we have reached a critical time in the history of conserving wildlife, now is the time for all of us to care and take action. It is fortunate that most zoos do just that. We look forward to creating more ways our zoo can fully embrace the Budongo Snare Removal Project and all of our planet’s precious wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
},
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"perspectives": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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},
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},
"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
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"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
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