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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/doityourself-minisatellites\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/05/radio3-32_minisats300.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Cal Poly's CP-4 mini-satellite in orbit. Credit: The Aerospace\u003cbr>\nCorporation.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a classic engineering story - a garage inventor spends years working in isolation, only to produce something that gets the attention of the world. Ok, the CubeSat story may not be quite as romantic, but it does have a lot of the same ingredients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Professors at Stanford University and Cal Poly created \u003ca href=\"http://cubesat.calpoly.edu/\" target=\"_blank\">CubeSats\u003c/a> - 10 by 10 by 10 centimeter mini-satellites - as enginneering projects to give their students hands-on experience. Compared to standard satellite missions, which can run hundreds of millions of dollars and take years to complete, CubeSat missions are mean to be done cheaply and quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CubeSat is also a standard - a basic blueprint that any university program can use. CubeSats are actually known as \"FedEx satellites,\" since universities can mail them to Cal Poly to arrange a ride into space. They've created launching devices called P-Pods (a box that fits the CubeSats perfectly) so they can piggyback on larger rocket launches. Once the main cargo is deployed, the P-Pod releases the CubeSats into orbit. Depending how high they are, CubeSats can orbit for more than a decade before they burn up in the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What started at universities has spread - NASA, Boeing and other aerospace companies all have mini-satellite programs. Despite the small size, CubeSats are actually \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CubeSat\" target=\"_blank\">able to do valuable research\u003c/a>. They can space test new technology, submitting it to all the rigors of space travel like solar radiation and launch stress. Recreating those conditions on the ground can be very expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CubeSats can also gather scientific data. On Tuesday, NASA will be launching \u003ca href=\"http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/smallsats/pharmasat/main/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Pharmasat\u003c/a>, which they hope will be their second nano-satellite in orbit. It will carry yeast samples, and once in orbit will hit them with an anti-fungal to see if their resistance is increased in space. NASA has previously observed that some bacteria are more resistant to antibiotics in space, something that could be dangerous for future human space travel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can \u003ca href=\"http://sites.wff.nasa.gov/webcast/\" target=\"_blank\">tune in on Tuesday evening\u003c/a> for the Pharmasat launch. \u003ca href=\"http://cubesat.atl.calpoly.edu/pages/missions/upcoming-launches/tacsat-3.php\" target=\"_blank\">Three other CubeSats\u003c/a> from Cal Poly and other organizations will also be getting a lift into space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/doityourself-minisatellites\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/images/radio_icon_light.gif\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>Listen to the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/doityourself-minisatellites\">Do-It-Yourself Mini-Satellites\u003c/a> radio report online, and see our \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/slideshow/web-extra-minisatellites-slideshow\">Web Extra: Mini-Satellites Slideshow\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.42444 -122.16714\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CubeSats can also gather scientific data. On Tuesday, NASA will be launching \u003ca href=\"http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/smallsats/pharmasat/main/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Pharmasat\u003c/a>, which they hope will be their second nano-satellite in orbit. It will carry yeast samples, and once in orbit will hit them with an anti-fungal to see if their resistance is increased in space. NASA has previously observed that some bacteria are more resistant to antibiotics in space, something that could be dangerous for future human space travel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can \u003ca href=\"http://sites.wff.nasa.gov/webcast/\" target=\"_blank\">tune in on Tuesday evening\u003c/a> for the Pharmasat launch. \u003ca href=\"http://cubesat.atl.calpoly.edu/pages/missions/upcoming-launches/tacsat-3.php\" target=\"_blank\">Three other CubeSats\u003c/a> from Cal Poly and other organizations will also be getting a lift into space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/doityourself-minisatellites\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/images/radio_icon_light.gif\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>Listen to the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/doityourself-minisatellites\">Do-It-Yourself Mini-Satellites\u003c/a> radio report online, and see our \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/slideshow/web-extra-minisatellites-slideshow\">Web Extra: Mini-Satellites Slideshow\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.42444 -122.16714\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/05/julesverne.jpg\">\u003cem>Artwork from Jules Verne’s 1865 novel, From the Earth to the Moon\u003c/em>\u003c/span>Launching a spacecraft bound for the Moon with the deliberate intention of striking the Moon in a spectacular impact! \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sounds like something out of a Jules Verne novel... but that's exactly what NASA's up to this year with the upcoming \u003ca href=\"http://lcross.arc.nasa.gov/index.htm\">LCROSS\u003c/a> (Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite) mission, scheduled for launch on June 2nd and impact sometime in October-- exact date TBA. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it's not unprecedented, either: the \u003ca href=\"http://lunar.arc.nasa.gov/\">Lunar Prospector\u003c/a> spacecraft back in 1998/1999, whose instruments detected possible signs of water ice in craters around the Moon's poles, was crashed into the Moon's South Pole at the end of its mission. The aim was to blast up a cloud of material from the lunar surface and spectroscopically analyze the plume in search of water vapor. None was detected then, but that's where LCROSS comes in. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LCROSS will seek to verify the presence or absence of water ice and related hydrated materials buried at the bottom of a permanently shadowed crater floor on the Moon's South Pole. Water ice cannot persist on any part of the Moon's surface that is subjected to sunlight, but because of the Moon's low axial tilt with respect to the ecliptic (the Sun's apparent annual path in the sky)-- only about 1.5 degrees-- there are craters at the Moon's poles whose floors never see the light of day, all month long and year round. Water ice could persist near the surface in these places. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LCROSS consists of two pieces: a \"Shepherding Spacecraft\" that will guide the whole affair to the proper location on the Moon's South Pole, and the Centaur rocket stage that propelled the spacecraft to the Moon. The pair will separate, and the Centaur rocket will become the primary impactor, striking ground and producing a crater and plume of ejected material. Viewing the event from above, the Shepherding Spacecraft will use cameras and other instruments to analyze the plume from a distance, and will then follow the same course as the Centaur, descending four minutes after impact through the ejected plume and analyzing material samples as it falls. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, the Shepherding Spacecraft, too, will impact the Moon-- and the plume it kicks up may well be visible through modest sized telescopes on Earth. We're planning to watch the explosion live through our telescopes at Chabot, weather permitting. Keep an eye on \u003ca href=\"http://www.chabotspace.org/\">our website\u003c/a> for details. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, back to Jules Verne for a moment. The launching of a projectile with the intent of striking the Moon was indeed the subject of one of his novels, \u003ca href=\"http://books.google.com/books?id=9wdIPtTzEqoC&dq=from+the+earth+to+the+moon+verne&printsec=frontcover&source=bn&hl=en&ei=1MIBSvLTIJKatAPHvJj6BQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4#PPP1,M1\">From the Earth to the Moon\u003c/a>, published in 1865. Fired from an enormous cannon, the goal of that post Civil War mission was to catch the attention of anyone living on the Moon, to open up a line of communication with their civilization. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My wife asked me if crashing a probe into the Moon would have any harmful effects, particularly if in fact there is any form of life (subsurface microbes or such) living there. Well, certainly, if you happen to be a lifeform living at ground zero of the impact... but the fact is the Moon is frequently struck by meteorites much larger than the LCROSS impactor anyway. To paraphrase Douglas Adams, \"that kind of thing goes on all the time.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One last fun tidbit about the Jules Verne novel: the launch site for his cannon-fired projectile was a place in Florida, 50 miles south of Tampa Bay, and only about 135 miles from the Kennedy Space Center, from which LCROSS will be launched... \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7631 -122.409\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Update:\u003c/strong> On October 9th, 2009 at 4:30AM PDT, the upper stage of the Centaur rocket carrying LCROSS smashed into a crater near the moon's south pole. The LCROSS spacecraft followed close behind, made measurements and took images of the emerging lunar debris. On November 15th, beds of water ice were discovered at the lunar south pole.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a price tag of 80 million dollars and a little more than two years in the making, the \u003ca href=\"http://lcross.arc.nasa.gov/\">LCROSS spacecraft\u003c/a> will begin its voyage atop an \u003ca href=\"http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/newhorizons/launch/atlasv101.html\">Atlas V rocket\u003c/a>. Shortly thereafter it will shepherd the upper stage of the rocket in an orbit around the moon to position it in place for a colossal impact that will kick up a cloud of lunar dust forty miles high. The goal is to see if water exists on the moon and if it does, buried deep beneath the lunar soil, accumulating over millions of years of impacts with comets, it would accelerate our efforts to establish a permanent lunar base. Think of it as a rest stop to refuel (oxygen is an essential ingredient of rocket fuel) before arriving at the next closest planetary body, Mars, a journey which takes roughly 600 days, or 200 times longer than a trip currently to the Moon from Earth. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The avid QUEST viewer may recall that we covered the LCROSS mission in the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/nasa-ames-rocket-to-the-moon-2007\">first episode\u003c/a> of QUEST back in 2007. A lot has happened since then, including most notably a change in the launch date which at the time of this post was scheduled for May 20th, 2009. \u003ca href=\"http://www.planetary.brown.edu/html_pages/schultz.htm\">Peter Schultz's\u003c/a> vertical gun range has been outfitted with some dizzyingly high-tech cameras, which are capable of recording at tens of thousands of frames per second (one can record at one million frames per second) to capture the most minute progressions of the lunar impact simulations performed with the thirty-foot tall vertical gun. The suite of nine instruments aboard LCROSS, known as its \"payload\", has been mercilessly subjected to thermal, vibration and acoustic testing to make sure they can withstand the effects of launch and the harsh celestial environment. And then there's the spacecraft itself which we weren't able to show you in 2007 because the spacecraft still had to be transformed from a set of designs into a compact, robust structure the size of a small car by a team of sharp, young \u003ca href=\"http://www.northropgrumman.com/\">Northrop Grumman\u003c/a> engineers. Moreover, amateur astronomers, armed with telescopes ten inches or more, are now being encouraged by NASA to share their images of LCROSS' historic lunar impact. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most impressive attributes of the LCROSS mission is its rapid turnaround and cost containment which in turn highlight the innovative production model that was essential in making LCROSS a reality. Imagine the spirit of Silicon Valley, with its entrepreneurial zeal and efficiency, fusing with some of the sharpest minds in astrophysics and aeronautical engineering, and you have a glimpse of the unique nature of this small but nimble mission which just may forever change our understanding of the moon and its secrets. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Update:\u003c/strong> On October 9th, 2009 at 4:30AM PDT, the upper stage of the Centaur rocket carrying LCROSS smashed into a crater near the moon's south pole. The LCROSS spacecraft followed close behind, made measurements and took images of the emerging lunar debris. On November 15th, beds of water ice were discovered at the lunar south pole.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a price tag of 80 million dollars and a little more than two years in the making, the \u003ca href=\"http://lcross.arc.nasa.gov/\">LCROSS spacecraft\u003c/a> will begin its voyage atop an \u003ca href=\"http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/newhorizons/launch/atlasv101.html\">Atlas V rocket\u003c/a>. Shortly thereafter it will shepherd the upper stage of the rocket in an orbit around the moon to position it in place for a colossal impact that will kick up a cloud of lunar dust forty miles high. The goal is to see if water exists on the moon and if it does, buried deep beneath the lunar soil, accumulating over millions of years of impacts with comets, it would accelerate our efforts to establish a permanent lunar base. Think of it as a rest stop to refuel (oxygen is an essential ingredient of rocket fuel) before arriving at the next closest planetary body, Mars, a journey which takes roughly 600 days, or 200 times longer than a trip currently to the Moon from Earth. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The avid QUEST viewer may recall that we covered the LCROSS mission in the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/nasa-ames-rocket-to-the-moon-2007\">first episode\u003c/a> of QUEST back in 2007. A lot has happened since then, including most notably a change in the launch date which at the time of this post was scheduled for May 20th, 2009. \u003ca href=\"http://www.planetary.brown.edu/html_pages/schultz.htm\">Peter Schultz's\u003c/a> vertical gun range has been outfitted with some dizzyingly high-tech cameras, which are capable of recording at tens of thousands of frames per second (one can record at one million frames per second) to capture the most minute progressions of the lunar impact simulations performed with the thirty-foot tall vertical gun. The suite of nine instruments aboard LCROSS, known as its \"payload\", has been mercilessly subjected to thermal, vibration and acoustic testing to make sure they can withstand the effects of launch and the harsh celestial environment. And then there's the spacecraft itself which we weren't able to show you in 2007 because the spacecraft still had to be transformed from a set of designs into a compact, robust structure the size of a small car by a team of sharp, young \u003ca href=\"http://www.northropgrumman.com/\">Northrop Grumman\u003c/a> engineers. Moreover, amateur astronomers, armed with telescopes ten inches or more, are now being encouraged by NASA to share their images of LCROSS' historic lunar impact. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most impressive attributes of the LCROSS mission is its rapid turnaround and cost containment which in turn highlight the innovative production model that was essential in making LCROSS a reality. Imagine the spirit of Silicon Valley, with its entrepreneurial zeal and efficiency, fusing with some of the sharpest minds in astrophysics and aeronautical engineering, and you have a glimpse of the unique nature of this small but nimble mission which just may forever change our understanding of the moon and its secrets. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/03/meteor-crater.jpg\">\u003cem>Apophis is about the same size as the asteroid that blasted \u003cbr>the mile-wide Barringer Crater in Arizona.\u003cbr>Credit: David Roddy, USGS\u003c/em>\u003c/span>Friday the 13th, April, 2029: If you're superstitious, this might not be a good day to schedule a near-Earth asteroid encounter. But, as it happens, that's the day that the Near Earth Asteroid (NEA) Apophis will make a very close flyby of Earth--a once in 800 years event for an asteroid Apophis' size. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, scientists have already predicted, 20 years in advance, that this is our lucky day: Apophis won't hit the Earth at that time. Rest assured (pretty much). \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Discovered in 2004, Apophis is an asteroid about 270 meters across that orbits the Sun at distances ranging from about one astronomical unit (1 AU; the distance between Earth and the Sun) and about three quarters of an AU. Apophis orbits the Sun once every 323 days. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After its initial discovery, before our knowledge of its orbital trajectory had been refined, astronomers had predicted that there was a \u003ca href=\"http://www.astronomy.com/asy/default.aspx?c=a&id=3434\">small chance it could hit the Earth\u003c/a> on April 13, 2029, but as we got a clearer picture of its orbit the probability dwindled to practically nothing. Instead, Apophis will pass by Earth no closer than about 18,000 miles. Whew! Disaster averted, and we didn't even have to send Bruce Willis to deal with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But wait--that's not all. Though Apophis almost certainly won't hit us in 2029, there's a chance that this close encounter will set the asteroid up for an impact with Earth in 2036--something like 1 in 45,000. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, if we know there won't be an impact in 2029, why don't we know whether or not there will be one in 2036? \u003ca href=\"http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/apophis/\">Why all the suspense?\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's where I pull out my pinball analogy. Think of a pinball machine. The play zone around your flippers represents near-Earth space, the various bumpers up in the field represent all the planets, the Sun, and other large asteroids of the Solar System, and the pinball represents a Near Earth Asteroid, like Apophis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the pinball inevitably comes into the play zone, there are two possibilities: either it will hit (or be hit by) one of your flippers and thus be deflected back into the field where it will bounce around some more between bumpers, or it will sail right through that dreaded \"window\" between the tips of the flippers and fall into the end pocket--which represents Terra Firma and a catastrophe if a NEA falls there. As any pinball player knows, it's nearly impossible to predict exactly what path the pinball will follow into the play zone until it gets close.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a lot like that with a NEA in the Solar System: as it orbits around the Sun, its course is influenced by the gravitational pull of planets, large asteroids, and potentially smaller asteroids that it might pass close to. A very small deviation in a NEA's direction or speed can, over time, \"amplify\" into a very large difference in position much farther down the road. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the 2029 close encounter with Earth, though we're reasonably confident Apophis won't hit us on that pass, we don't know precisely how that encounter will alter Apophis' orbit. The gravitational interaction between Earth and a NEA passing close by is a complex one, with many variables, not the least of which is Earth's non-uniform gravitational field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Apophis passes Earth through precisely the right \"window\" in 2029--say, right between the flipper tips--then it could be set up for an impact at its 2036 encounter. That window, called a gravitational keyhole, is only about 600 meters across for the 2029 encounter. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we gather more data on Apophis, we'll get a better prediction for what may happen in 2036--but right now the odds are that it will ultimately miss us at that time. That's a good thing, too, because at that time Bruce Willis will be 81 years old... and even John Glenn was only 80 when he returned to space... \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7631 -122.409\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/03/meteor-crater.jpg\">\u003cem>Apophis is about the same size as the asteroid that blasted \u003cbr>the mile-wide Barringer Crater in Arizona.\u003cbr>Credit: David Roddy, USGS\u003c/em>\u003c/span>Friday the 13th, April, 2029: If you're superstitious, this might not be a good day to schedule a near-Earth asteroid encounter. But, as it happens, that's the day that the Near Earth Asteroid (NEA) Apophis will make a very close flyby of Earth--a once in 800 years event for an asteroid Apophis' size. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, scientists have already predicted, 20 years in advance, that this is our lucky day: Apophis won't hit the Earth at that time. Rest assured (pretty much). \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Discovered in 2004, Apophis is an asteroid about 270 meters across that orbits the Sun at distances ranging from about one astronomical unit (1 AU; the distance between Earth and the Sun) and about three quarters of an AU. Apophis orbits the Sun once every 323 days. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After its initial discovery, before our knowledge of its orbital trajectory had been refined, astronomers had predicted that there was a \u003ca href=\"http://www.astronomy.com/asy/default.aspx?c=a&id=3434\">small chance it could hit the Earth\u003c/a> on April 13, 2029, but as we got a clearer picture of its orbit the probability dwindled to practically nothing. Instead, Apophis will pass by Earth no closer than about 18,000 miles. Whew! Disaster averted, and we didn't even have to send Bruce Willis to deal with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But wait--that's not all. Though Apophis almost certainly won't hit us in 2029, there's a chance that this close encounter will set the asteroid up for an impact with Earth in 2036--something like 1 in 45,000. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, if we know there won't be an impact in 2029, why don't we know whether or not there will be one in 2036? \u003ca href=\"http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/apophis/\">Why all the suspense?\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's where I pull out my pinball analogy. Think of a pinball machine. The play zone around your flippers represents near-Earth space, the various bumpers up in the field represent all the planets, the Sun, and other large asteroids of the Solar System, and the pinball represents a Near Earth Asteroid, like Apophis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the pinball inevitably comes into the play zone, there are two possibilities: either it will hit (or be hit by) one of your flippers and thus be deflected back into the field where it will bounce around some more between bumpers, or it will sail right through that dreaded \"window\" between the tips of the flippers and fall into the end pocket--which represents Terra Firma and a catastrophe if a NEA falls there. As any pinball player knows, it's nearly impossible to predict exactly what path the pinball will follow into the play zone until it gets close.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a lot like that with a NEA in the Solar System: as it orbits around the Sun, its course is influenced by the gravitational pull of planets, large asteroids, and potentially smaller asteroids that it might pass close to. A very small deviation in a NEA's direction or speed can, over time, \"amplify\" into a very large difference in position much farther down the road. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the 2029 close encounter with Earth, though we're reasonably confident Apophis won't hit us on that pass, we don't know precisely how that encounter will alter Apophis' orbit. The gravitational interaction between Earth and a NEA passing close by is a complex one, with many variables, not the least of which is Earth's non-uniform gravitational field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Apophis passes Earth through precisely the right \"window\" in 2029--say, right between the flipper tips--then it could be set up for an impact at its 2036 encounter. That window, called a gravitational keyhole, is only about 600 meters across for the 2029 encounter. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we gather more data on Apophis, we'll get a better prediction for what may happen in 2036--but right now the odds are that it will ultimately miss us at that time. That's a good thing, too, because at that time Bruce Willis will be 81 years old... and even John Glenn was only 80 when he returned to space... \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7631 -122.409\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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},
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"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"order": 8
},
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
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"source": "NPR"
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
},
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
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