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"content": "\u003cp>Immigrants around the country have staged hunger strikes over the past month to protest conditions inside detention facilities, prompting officials to force-feed six of them through plastic nasal tubes at a Texas location, The Associated Press has learned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The El Paso Processing Center has become the location with the most protests, with some detainees refusing food for more than 30 days. Detainees, a relative and an attorney told the AP that nearly 30 detainees, mostly from India and Cuba, have been refusing food and drink there to protest what they say is rampant verbal abuse and threats of deportation from guards. They are also upset about lengthy lock ups while awaiting legal proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, which has a more narrow definition of hunger strike, confirmed Thursday there are 11 detainees refusing food in El Paso, and an additional four in the agency's Miami, Phoenix, San Diego and San Francisco areas of responsibility, according to agency spokeswoman Leticia Zamarripa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reason for the discrepancy between the numbers given by lawyers and advocates and those by ICE could be because of varying definitions of what a hunger strike entails, which the government says is refusing nine consecutive meals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In mid-January, two weeks after they stopped eating, a federal judge authorized force-feeding of some El Paso detainees, Zamarripa said. She did not immediately address the detainees' allegations of abuse but did say the El Paso Processing Center would follow the federal standards for care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE officials say they closely monitor the food and water intake of detainees identified as being on a hunger strike to protect their health and safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The men with nasal tubes are having persistent nose bleeds, and are vomiting several times a day, said Amrit Singh, whose two nephews from the Indian state of Punjab have been on hunger strike for about a month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are not well. Their bodies are really weak, they can't talk and they have been hospitalized, back and forth,\" said Singh, from California. \"They want to know why they are still in the jail and want to get their rights and wake up the government immigration system.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh's nephews are both seeking asylum. Court records show they pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor charge in September after illegally walking across the border near El Paso.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been high-profile hunger strikes around the country at immigration detention centers in the past, and non-consensual feeding and hydration has been authorized by judges in court orders. Media reports and government statements don't indicate immigration detainees actually underwent involuntary feeding in recent years, opting to end their hunger strikes when faced with nasal intubation. ICE did not immediately respond to queries about how often they are force-feeding detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To force-feed someone, medical experts typically wind a tube tightly around their finger to make it bend easily, and put lubricant on the tip, before shoving it into a patient's nose. The patient has to swallow sips of water while the tube is pushed down their throat. It can be very painful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The El Paso detention facility, located on a busy street near the airport, is highly guarded and surrounded by chain-link fence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruby Kaur, a Michigan-based attorney representing one of the hunger strikers, said her client had been force-fed and put on an IV after more than three weeks without eating or drinking water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They go on hunger strike, and they are put into solitary confinement and then the ICE officers kind of psychologically torture them, telling the asylum-seekers they will send them back to Punjab,\" Kaur said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eiorjys Rodriguez Calderin, who on a call from the facility described himself as a Cuban dissident, said conditions in Cuba forced him and other detainees to seek safety in the U.S., and they risk persecution if they are deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are restraining people and forcing them to get tubes put in their noses,\" said Rodriguez, adding that he had passed his \"credible fear\" interview and sought to be released on parole. \"They put people in solitary, as punishment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those \"credible fear\" interviews are conducted by immigration authorities as an initial screening for asylum requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE classifies a detainee as a hunger striker after they refuse nine consecutive meals. Federal courts have not conclusively decided whether a judge must issue an order before ICE force-feeds an immigration detainee, so rules vary by district and type of court, and sometimes orders are filed secretly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Tacoma, Washington, where immigration detainees have held high-profile hunger strikes in recent years, courts have ordered force-feeding at least six times, according to court records. In July 2017, a federal judge refused to allow ICE to restrain and force-feed a hunger striking Iraqi detainee who wanted to be housed with fellow Iraqi Chaldean Christians detained Arizona facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since May 2015, volunteers for the nonprofit Freedom for Immigrants have documented 1,396 people on hunger strike in 18 immigration detention facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"By starving themselves, these men are trying to make public the very suffering that ICE is trying keep hidden from taxpayers,\" said Christina Fialho, director of the group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While court orders allowing force-feeding have been issued in cases involving inmates, Fialho couldn't recall a situation when involuntary feeding actually occurred in immigration detention facilities because the inmates opted to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The force-feeding of detainees through nasal tubes at Guantanamo Bay garnered international blowback. Hunger strikes began shortly after the military prison opened in 2002, with force-feeding starting in early 2006 following mass refusals to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After four weeks without eating, the body's metabolic systems start to break down, and hunger strikers can risk permanent damage, including cognitive impairment, said Dr. Marc Stern, a correctional physician at the University of Washington in Seattle who has previously consulted with the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can become demented and lose coordination, and some of it is reversible, some of it isn't,\" Stern said. \"The dangers are not just metabolic. If you are very weak, you could very simply get up to do something and fall and crack your skull.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Force-feeding raises ethics issues for medical professionals who work inside ICE facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Medical Association has expressed its concerns about physicians participating in the force-feeding of hunger strikers on multiple occasions, and its own principles of medical ethics state \"a patient who has decision-making capacity may accept or refuse any recommended medical intervention.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The association also endorses the World Medical Association Declaration of Tokyo, which states that when prisoners refuse food and physicians believe they are capable of \"rational judgment concerning the consequences of such a voluntary refusal of nourishment, he or she shall not be fed artificially.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE officials say they closely monitor the food and water intake of detainees identified as being on a hunger strike to protect their health and safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The men with nasal tubes are having persistent nose bleeds, and are vomiting several times a day, said Amrit Singh, whose two nephews from the Indian state of Punjab have been on hunger strike for about a month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are not well. Their bodies are really weak, they can't talk and they have been hospitalized, back and forth,\" said Singh, from California. \"They want to know why they are still in the jail and want to get their rights and wake up the government immigration system.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh's nephews are both seeking asylum. Court records show they pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor charge in September after illegally walking across the border near El Paso.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been high-profile hunger strikes around the country at immigration detention centers in the past, and non-consensual feeding and hydration has been authorized by judges in court orders. Media reports and government statements don't indicate immigration detainees actually underwent involuntary feeding in recent years, opting to end their hunger strikes when faced with nasal intubation. ICE did not immediately respond to queries about how often they are force-feeding detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To force-feed someone, medical experts typically wind a tube tightly around their finger to make it bend easily, and put lubricant on the tip, before shoving it into a patient's nose. The patient has to swallow sips of water while the tube is pushed down their throat. It can be very painful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The El Paso detention facility, located on a busy street near the airport, is highly guarded and surrounded by chain-link fence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruby Kaur, a Michigan-based attorney representing one of the hunger strikers, said her client had been force-fed and put on an IV after more than three weeks without eating or drinking water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They go on hunger strike, and they are put into solitary confinement and then the ICE officers kind of psychologically torture them, telling the asylum-seekers they will send them back to Punjab,\" Kaur said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eiorjys Rodriguez Calderin, who on a call from the facility described himself as a Cuban dissident, said conditions in Cuba forced him and other detainees to seek safety in the U.S., and they risk persecution if they are deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are restraining people and forcing them to get tubes put in their noses,\" said Rodriguez, adding that he had passed his \"credible fear\" interview and sought to be released on parole. \"They put people in solitary, as punishment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those \"credible fear\" interviews are conducted by immigration authorities as an initial screening for asylum requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE classifies a detainee as a hunger striker after they refuse nine consecutive meals. Federal courts have not conclusively decided whether a judge must issue an order before ICE force-feeds an immigration detainee, so rules vary by district and type of court, and sometimes orders are filed secretly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Tacoma, Washington, where immigration detainees have held high-profile hunger strikes in recent years, courts have ordered force-feeding at least six times, according to court records. In July 2017, a federal judge refused to allow ICE to restrain and force-feed a hunger striking Iraqi detainee who wanted to be housed with fellow Iraqi Chaldean Christians detained Arizona facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since May 2015, volunteers for the nonprofit Freedom for Immigrants have documented 1,396 people on hunger strike in 18 immigration detention facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"By starving themselves, these men are trying to make public the very suffering that ICE is trying keep hidden from taxpayers,\" said Christina Fialho, director of the group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While court orders allowing force-feeding have been issued in cases involving inmates, Fialho couldn't recall a situation when involuntary feeding actually occurred in immigration detention facilities because the inmates opted to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The force-feeding of detainees through nasal tubes at Guantanamo Bay garnered international blowback. Hunger strikes began shortly after the military prison opened in 2002, with force-feeding starting in early 2006 following mass refusals to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After four weeks without eating, the body's metabolic systems start to break down, and hunger strikers can risk permanent damage, including cognitive impairment, said Dr. Marc Stern, a correctional physician at the University of Washington in Seattle who has previously consulted with the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can become demented and lose coordination, and some of it is reversible, some of it isn't,\" Stern said. \"The dangers are not just metabolic. If you are very weak, you could very simply get up to do something and fall and crack your skull.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Force-feeding raises ethics issues for medical professionals who work inside ICE facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Medical Association has expressed its concerns about physicians participating in the force-feeding of hunger strikers on multiple occasions, and its own principles of medical ethics state \"a patient who has decision-making capacity may accept or refuse any recommended medical intervention.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The association also endorses the World Medical Association Declaration of Tokyo, which states that when prisoners refuse food and physicians believe they are capable of \"rational judgment concerning the consequences of such a voluntary refusal of nourishment, he or she shall not be fed artificially.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>On a chilly January morning, two psychotherapists from the Bay Area arrived at the Greyhound bus station in San Antonio, Texas to meet with dozens of migrant families who had just been dropped off by Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two bilingual therapists, Alicia Cruz and Chris Mullen, have worked together for a decade at Kaiser in San Francisco and see clients in offices right next to each other. They were prepared to put their therapeutic skills to use in the most unlikely place: the waiting area inside the bus station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was easy for the women to spot the parents and children just released from detention: They were wearing brightly colored sweatsuits, parkas and brandless tennis shoes issued to them by ICE. The families were delivered there from the country’s two largest ICE family detention centers, each about an hour away, and issued one-way tickets to travel on to relatives or sponsors around the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The families crammed onto metal benches, with bags of belongings stuffed under their feet. Several nuns and volunteers from local churches handed out box lunches and backpacks containing toiletries and stuffed animals for the kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clipboards in hand, Cruz and Mullen worked their way down the rows of benches, offering legal information. They also asked parents if they were willing to talk about their experiences crossing the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11721291\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11721291 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34822_IMG_9264-qut-e1548469438640-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Bay Area therapists, Chris Mullen and Alicia Cruz counsel asylum seekers released from detention in Texas\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34822_IMG_9264-qut-e1548469438640-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34822_IMG_9264-qut-e1548469438640-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34822_IMG_9264-qut-e1548469438640-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34822_IMG_9264-qut-e1548469438640-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34822_IMG_9264-qut-e1548469438640.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco therapists Chris Mullen (left) and Alicia Cruz speak with a migrant mother just released from detention. \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mullen and Cruz were so moved by news accounts of migrant families being detained at the border, that they used vacation days for the trip, working with \u003ca href=\"https://www.raicestexas.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">RAICES\u003c/a>, a Texas nonprofit that provides legal help to asylum seekers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I told my boys, ‘It’s not a choice for me. I’ve got to go help,’” said Cruz, whose two sons, ages 7 and 11, have helped collect toys to donate to the children in Texas. “It was an immense pull that I couldn’t really explain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>More Central American Families Seek Asylum in the U.S.\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Although the total number of people apprehended crossing the U.S.-Mexico border has dropped significantly in recent years, the number of families has grown dramatically, from \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/assets/documents/2017-Dec/BP%20Total%20Monthly%20Family%20Units%20by%20Sector%2C%20FY13-FY17.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">15,000\u003c/a> people traveling in families in 2013 to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/sw-border-migration/fy-2018\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">107,000\u003c/a> last year. Most are fleeing gang violence, government corruption or extreme poverty in their home countries in Central America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, after a controversial family separation policy was struck down by the courts, the Trump Administration proposed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/trump-administration-new-indefinite-family-detention-policy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">plan\u003c/a> to hold parents and children indefinitely in ICE custody — part of an effort to terminate a longstanding legal agreement that limits ICE detention of children. But ICE has space for about 3,600 people in its three family facilities and advocates in Texas say the families released at the bus station have typically been held by ICE for a week or two.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11721299\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11721299 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34845_IMG_9403-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Asylum seeking families take Greyhound buses to family and sponsor across the country.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34845_IMG_9403-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34845_IMG_9403-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34845_IMG_9403-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34845_IMG_9403-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34845_IMG_9403-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">ICE releases dozens of migrant families a day to the Greyhound Station in San Antonio, Texas. \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Many of the families Cruz and Mullen met at the Greyhound station were coughing and had fevers, looking dazed in their first moments of freedom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruz said these families have been through a lot. After surviving violence in their home countries, she said, they are often re-traumatized by the dangerous journey here and their time in U.S. detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruz and Mullen handed out plastic bags of Legos to the children so they can play while their parents talk. Most of the migrants don’t want their names used because they fear for the safety of their families. Mullen sat down with a man from Guatemala while his 9-year-old son drew in a coloring book nearby. Mullen asked him why they left home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Honestly, I had never thought of leaving,” the 29-year-old father replied, “because everything I have is there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The father told Mullen that drug traffickers had built landing strips in the jungle near his town and he saw local police driving back and forth each time airplanes landed. One day a friend told him his name was on a government official’s hit list. The next day, that friend disappeared and that’s when he knew he had to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the man spoke, tears dropped steadily onto the sleeve of his jacket. He told Mullen he crossed the border into California last month by climbing a tree with his son clinging to his back and leaping onto the wall, then down onto U.S. soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I told my son to grab my neck and hold on really tight because I was going to jump,” he said. “I told him, ‘You have to hold on so you don’t fall.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man said he and his son spent six days in a Border Patrol station, where they were given cold bean burritos for every meal, before they were transferred to an ICE facility for fathers and sons in Karnes City, Texas. Now they are heading to the East Coast to stay with relatives while their asylum claim is adjudicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Limits to Detention\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Under a 1997 legal settlement known as Flores, unaccompanied migrant children are not supposed to be held in US Customs and Border Protection facilities for longer than 72 hours except in “exceptional circumstances,” and they must be provided adequate food and shelter during their stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, attorneys for migrant children filed affidavits with a federal judge documenting numerous violations of the settlement. These included migrants’ lack of access to clean drinking water, being fed inadequate or inedible food, and being subject to unsanitary conditions, extreme cold and sleep deprivation. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after two children died in CBP custody in December, officials indicated they would work to transfer parents and children to ICE family detention centers more quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\u003cspan style=\"font-size: x-large\">‘You could see sometimes how intense and overwhelmed they are when they’re reliving their trauma because it’s still very raw and fresh.’\u003c/span>\u003ccite>Alicia Cruz\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, the Department of Homeland Security declined to confirm whether that has occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email to KQED, DHS spokeswoman Katie Waldman called the current situation “an immigration crisis,” and blamed the federal courts for creating a “loophole that rewards parents for bringing their children with them to the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As long as activist judges continue to set national immigration policy they continue to put family units and innocent children in harm’s way,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In dozens of interviews in the Greyhound station, parents from Central American countries described dire conditions they endured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One young mother, also from Guatemala, told Cruz she fled because a gang tried to extort money from her and threatened to kill her family when she did not pay up. As she described crossing the Rio Grande with her 10-year-old daughter and 4-year-old son, she started to cry, remembering her fear that they might die.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we crossed the river, we got lost,” she said. “We didn’t have any water to drink. We spent four, five hours lost before we got picked up by immigration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mother told Cruz that Border Patrol agents locked the family in a cold, windowless room for four days, and only gave them one sandwich and one juice box a day. When her children cried, she said, agents told her to shut them up. “’This isn’t your country’,” she said they told her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the family was transferred to ICE, the mother said they were given enough food to eat and access to showers, but she told Cruz she regrets putting her children through the experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought it would be easy to come here,” she said. “People told me, ‘Just turn yourself in to immigration!’ But no, it’s very difficult.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruz listened attentively and reflected back what she’d heard: that the mother made the only choice she could.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The truth is you didn’t come because you wanted to, you came because you had to,” Cruz said. “It’s important to remember that even though your children suffered, you had to come to survive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The woman nodded and wiped away her tears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A couple of hours later, she and her kids boarded a bus to San Francisco, a trip that takes 39 hours. In her pocket was some cash Cruz gave her for meals, along with the name of a trauma recovery center in San Francisco that works with asylum seekers.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714666/migrant-boy-8-dies-in-government-custody-in-new-mexico-hospital\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Migrant Boy, 8, Dies in Government Custody in New Mexico Hospital\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712244/judges-ask-ice-to-make-courts-off-limits-to-immigration-arrests\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Judges Ask ICE to Make Courts Off Limits to Immigration Arrests\u003cbr>\n\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718987/thousands-more-migrant-children-may-have-been-separated-from-families\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Thousands More Migrant Children May Have Been Separated From Families\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Cruz said many of these families will need ongoing help to recover from what they’ve gone through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You could see sometimes how intense and overwhelmed they are when they’re reliving their trauma,” she said, “because it’s still very raw and fresh.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and Mullen also know that the migrants will need to be able to talk about their experiences in a coherent and compelling way when it comes time for an interview with an asylum officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mullen said when someone is in a state of shock, they don’t always sound convincing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you’re really disconnected — and that’s often the case with PTSD — it sounds insincere and also it can be very vague,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two women spent five long days counseling migrants at the bus station. After flying home to her own children, Cruz said she struggled to process what she heard from parents about the mistreatment of children in Border Patrol custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How they were being yelled at for crying, or manhandled,” Cruz said. “I can’t imagine how their brain makes sense of that — because they are so little. As someone in the mental health field, that really worries me how this is all going to manifest itself in this child as he grows up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruz plans to return to San Antonio as often as she can. Her family and other parents at her son’s school have already donated enough money and frequent flyer miles for her next trip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This story was reported in collaboration with Public Radio International’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.pri.org/programs/the-world\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The World\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On a chilly January morning, two psychotherapists from the Bay Area arrived at the Greyhound bus station in San Antonio, Texas to meet with dozens of migrant families who had just been dropped off by Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two bilingual therapists, Alicia Cruz and Chris Mullen, have worked together for a decade at Kaiser in San Francisco and see clients in offices right next to each other. They were prepared to put their therapeutic skills to use in the most unlikely place: the waiting area inside the bus station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was easy for the women to spot the parents and children just released from detention: They were wearing brightly colored sweatsuits, parkas and brandless tennis shoes issued to them by ICE. The families were delivered there from the country’s two largest ICE family detention centers, each about an hour away, and issued one-way tickets to travel on to relatives or sponsors around the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The families crammed onto metal benches, with bags of belongings stuffed under their feet. Several nuns and volunteers from local churches handed out box lunches and backpacks containing toiletries and stuffed animals for the kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clipboards in hand, Cruz and Mullen worked their way down the rows of benches, offering legal information. They also asked parents if they were willing to talk about their experiences crossing the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11721291\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11721291 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34822_IMG_9264-qut-e1548469438640-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Bay Area therapists, Chris Mullen and Alicia Cruz counsel asylum seekers released from detention in Texas\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34822_IMG_9264-qut-e1548469438640-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34822_IMG_9264-qut-e1548469438640-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34822_IMG_9264-qut-e1548469438640-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34822_IMG_9264-qut-e1548469438640-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34822_IMG_9264-qut-e1548469438640.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco therapists Chris Mullen (left) and Alicia Cruz speak with a migrant mother just released from detention. \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mullen and Cruz were so moved by news accounts of migrant families being detained at the border, that they used vacation days for the trip, working with \u003ca href=\"https://www.raicestexas.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">RAICES\u003c/a>, a Texas nonprofit that provides legal help to asylum seekers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I told my boys, ‘It’s not a choice for me. I’ve got to go help,’” said Cruz, whose two sons, ages 7 and 11, have helped collect toys to donate to the children in Texas. “It was an immense pull that I couldn’t really explain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>More Central American Families Seek Asylum in the U.S.\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Although the total number of people apprehended crossing the U.S.-Mexico border has dropped significantly in recent years, the number of families has grown dramatically, from \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/assets/documents/2017-Dec/BP%20Total%20Monthly%20Family%20Units%20by%20Sector%2C%20FY13-FY17.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">15,000\u003c/a> people traveling in families in 2013 to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/sw-border-migration/fy-2018\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">107,000\u003c/a> last year. Most are fleeing gang violence, government corruption or extreme poverty in their home countries in Central America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, after a controversial family separation policy was struck down by the courts, the Trump Administration proposed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/trump-administration-new-indefinite-family-detention-policy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">plan\u003c/a> to hold parents and children indefinitely in ICE custody — part of an effort to terminate a longstanding legal agreement that limits ICE detention of children. But ICE has space for about 3,600 people in its three family facilities and advocates in Texas say the families released at the bus station have typically been held by ICE for a week or two.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11721299\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11721299 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34845_IMG_9403-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Asylum seeking families take Greyhound buses to family and sponsor across the country.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34845_IMG_9403-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34845_IMG_9403-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34845_IMG_9403-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34845_IMG_9403-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34845_IMG_9403-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">ICE releases dozens of migrant families a day to the Greyhound Station in San Antonio, Texas. \u003ccite>(Julie Small/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Many of the families Cruz and Mullen met at the Greyhound station were coughing and had fevers, looking dazed in their first moments of freedom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruz said these families have been through a lot. After surviving violence in their home countries, she said, they are often re-traumatized by the dangerous journey here and their time in U.S. detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruz and Mullen handed out plastic bags of Legos to the children so they can play while their parents talk. Most of the migrants don’t want their names used because they fear for the safety of their families. Mullen sat down with a man from Guatemala while his 9-year-old son drew in a coloring book nearby. Mullen asked him why they left home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Honestly, I had never thought of leaving,” the 29-year-old father replied, “because everything I have is there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The father told Mullen that drug traffickers had built landing strips in the jungle near his town and he saw local police driving back and forth each time airplanes landed. One day a friend told him his name was on a government official’s hit list. The next day, that friend disappeared and that’s when he knew he had to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the man spoke, tears dropped steadily onto the sleeve of his jacket. He told Mullen he crossed the border into California last month by climbing a tree with his son clinging to his back and leaping onto the wall, then down onto U.S. soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I told my son to grab my neck and hold on really tight because I was going to jump,” he said. “I told him, ‘You have to hold on so you don’t fall.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man said he and his son spent six days in a Border Patrol station, where they were given cold bean burritos for every meal, before they were transferred to an ICE facility for fathers and sons in Karnes City, Texas. Now they are heading to the East Coast to stay with relatives while their asylum claim is adjudicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Limits to Detention\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Under a 1997 legal settlement known as Flores, unaccompanied migrant children are not supposed to be held in US Customs and Border Protection facilities for longer than 72 hours except in “exceptional circumstances,” and they must be provided adequate food and shelter during their stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, attorneys for migrant children filed affidavits with a federal judge documenting numerous violations of the settlement. These included migrants’ lack of access to clean drinking water, being fed inadequate or inedible food, and being subject to unsanitary conditions, extreme cold and sleep deprivation. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after two children died in CBP custody in December, officials indicated they would work to transfer parents and children to ICE family detention centers more quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\u003cspan style=\"font-size: x-large\">‘You could see sometimes how intense and overwhelmed they are when they’re reliving their trauma because it’s still very raw and fresh.’\u003c/span>\u003ccite>Alicia Cruz\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, the Department of Homeland Security declined to confirm whether that has occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email to KQED, DHS spokeswoman Katie Waldman called the current situation “an immigration crisis,” and blamed the federal courts for creating a “loophole that rewards parents for bringing their children with them to the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As long as activist judges continue to set national immigration policy they continue to put family units and innocent children in harm’s way,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In dozens of interviews in the Greyhound station, parents from Central American countries described dire conditions they endured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One young mother, also from Guatemala, told Cruz she fled because a gang tried to extort money from her and threatened to kill her family when she did not pay up. As she described crossing the Rio Grande with her 10-year-old daughter and 4-year-old son, she started to cry, remembering her fear that they might die.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we crossed the river, we got lost,” she said. “We didn’t have any water to drink. We spent four, five hours lost before we got picked up by immigration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mother told Cruz that Border Patrol agents locked the family in a cold, windowless room for four days, and only gave them one sandwich and one juice box a day. When her children cried, she said, agents told her to shut them up. “’This isn’t your country’,” she said they told her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the family was transferred to ICE, the mother said they were given enough food to eat and access to showers, but she told Cruz she regrets putting her children through the experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought it would be easy to come here,” she said. “People told me, ‘Just turn yourself in to immigration!’ But no, it’s very difficult.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruz listened attentively and reflected back what she’d heard: that the mother made the only choice she could.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The truth is you didn’t come because you wanted to, you came because you had to,” Cruz said. “It’s important to remember that even though your children suffered, you had to come to survive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The woman nodded and wiped away her tears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A couple of hours later, she and her kids boarded a bus to San Francisco, a trip that takes 39 hours. In her pocket was some cash Cruz gave her for meals, along with the name of a trauma recovery center in San Francisco that works with asylum seekers.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714666/migrant-boy-8-dies-in-government-custody-in-new-mexico-hospital\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Migrant Boy, 8, Dies in Government Custody in New Mexico Hospital\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712244/judges-ask-ice-to-make-courts-off-limits-to-immigration-arrests\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Judges Ask ICE to Make Courts Off Limits to Immigration Arrests\u003cbr>\n\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718987/thousands-more-migrant-children-may-have-been-separated-from-families\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Thousands More Migrant Children May Have Been Separated From Families\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Cruz said many of these families will need ongoing help to recover from what they’ve gone through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You could see sometimes how intense and overwhelmed they are when they’re reliving their trauma,” she said, “because it’s still very raw and fresh.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and Mullen also know that the migrants will need to be able to talk about their experiences in a coherent and compelling way when it comes time for an interview with an asylum officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mullen said when someone is in a state of shock, they don’t always sound convincing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you’re really disconnected — and that’s often the case with PTSD — it sounds insincere and also it can be very vague,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two women spent five long days counseling migrants at the bus station. After flying home to her own children, Cruz said she struggled to process what she heard from parents about the mistreatment of children in Border Patrol custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How they were being yelled at for crying, or manhandled,” Cruz said. “I can’t imagine how their brain makes sense of that — because they are so little. As someone in the mental health field, that really worries me how this is all going to manifest itself in this child as he grows up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruz plans to return to San Antonio as often as she can. Her family and other parents at her son’s school have already donated enough money and frequent flyer miles for her next trip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This story was reported in collaboration with Public Radio International’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.pri.org/programs/the-world\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The World\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California's Immigration Courts Buried Under Massive Backlog As Government Shutdown Grinds On",
"title": "California's Immigration Courts Buried Under Massive Backlog As Government Shutdown Grinds On",
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"content": "\u003cp>Green card holder Jasmine Ngo has waited nearly seven years to see an immigration judge. The single mother of two was supposed to have her day in court earlier this month in San Francisco. But her hearing was canceled, as most immigration judges remain furloughed during the ongoing federal government shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been seven years of stress for me because it's hard to move forward when you have something hanging over your head,” said Ngo, 42, who lives in Lake Elsinore (Riverside County) and works as a caregiver for seniors. She was born in the Philippines and has been a lawful permanent resident in the U.S. for 30 years. But she is fighting deportation, after being convicted for shoplifting incidents in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11717702/thousands-of-immigrants-in-court-limbo-due-to-government-shutdown\">Thousands of Immigrants in Court Limbo Due to Government Shutdown\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11717702/thousands-of-immigrants-in-court-limbo-due-to-government-shutdown\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-923834000-e1547510905103-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ngo now worries that after the courts reopen and her hearing is rescheduled, she may have to wait years to resolve her case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the start of the shutdown, which is now the longest in history, California's immigration courts have cancelled \u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/543/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">more than 9,000 hearings\u003c/a>, nearly twice the rate in any other state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the shutdown continues through the end of the month, researchers expect as many as 25,000 cancellations in California alone — and more than 100,000 nationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shutdown-induced delays threaten to further strain the country’s overburdened system of immigration courts, leaving throngs of immigrants in extended legal limbo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because we are so backlogged and short-staffed, the calendars are jampacked and basically full for the next two to three years,\" said Dana Leigh Marks, one of 20 immigration judges in San Francisco, and a past president of the National Association of Immigration Judges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11720602\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11720602 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34795_IMG_0872-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34795_IMG_0872-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34795_IMG_0872-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34795_IMG_0872-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34795_IMG_0872-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34795_IMG_0872-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jasmine Ngo traveled from Southern California to San Francisco to attend an immigration court hearing that was canceled because of the shutdown. Ngo, a green card holder fighting deportation, worries she'll have to wait months or years for another hearing. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Immigration courts in California have the largest backlog of pending cases in the nation, more than 140,000 \u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/phptools/immigration/court_backlog/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according to\u003c/a> researchers with the Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse at Syracuse University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marks, who is currently furloughed, said she will try to squeeze as many canceled hearings back into her schedule as she possible, but also doubts that many people can be accommodated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By and large they're going to go to the end of the line,” said Marks, who herself has 4,000 pending cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only court proceedings being conducted during the shutdown are for people currently held in detention by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement. That means three of San Francisco’s immigration judges are holding court and working without pay, said Marks.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'It’s been seven years of stress for me because it's hard to move forward when you have something hanging over your head.'\u003ccite>Jasmine Ngo, green card holder fighting deportation\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Marks said immigrants with strong cases often suffer because of long delays, as witnesses often become hard to locate and documentary evidence grows stale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But ironically, Marks added, weaker cases that are not likely to succeed can benefit, as immigrants gain more time to bolster their claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s requests for comment to the Executive Office of Immigration Review — part of the U.S. Department of Justice, which oversees the nation’s 60 immigration courts — went unanswered. Automatic email replies from public information officials at the agency said they were also furloughed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mario Guzman, an 18-year-old asylum applicant, said he spent months preparing with his attorney to attend a court hearing that evaporated because of the shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11720603\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11720603 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34793_IMG_0386-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34793_IMG_0386-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34793_IMG_0386-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34793_IMG_0386-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34793_IMG_0386-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34793_IMG_0386-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mario Guzman, 18, in his statistics classroom at Oceana High School in Pacifica, California, on Jan 16, 2019. Guzman, an asylum-seeker from El Salvador, said he prepared for months for a court hearing that was cancelled because of the government shutdown. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The high school senior, who arrived in the U.S. with a tourist visa in 2016, said he fled gang violence and death threats in his native El Salvador. He said gang members shot his 21-year-old cousin in the throat and back, an attack that proved fatal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When he was in the hospital, he wasn't able to talk, and even if he [had] survived he wouldn't be able to walk,” said Guzman. “Seeing how the life of my cousin was destroyed was really hard for me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714388/california-teen-leads-suit-to-keep-hundreds-of-thousands-of-immigrants-in-u-s\">California Teen Leads Suit to Keep Hundreds of Thousands of Immigrants in U.S.\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714388/california-teen-leads-suit-to-keep-hundreds-of-thousands-of-immigrants-in-u-s\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34526_IMG_0789-qut-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Guzman will most likely have to revisit those painful experiences once more as he prepares for a rescheduled hearing, said his attorney, Helen Lawrence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just pretty traumatic and he's a high schooler, so he's just trying to go about his teenage life,” she said. “I think for him, he would like to get it over with. To move on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guzman, who lives with an aunt in Daly City, said he has applied to colleges in California to pursue a graphic design or animation major. But he knows an immigration judge will have the final say on his future in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's really hard because I can plan to do things here, but certainly I don't know how much time I have here,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Green card holder Jasmine Ngo has waited nearly seven years to see an immigration judge. The single mother of two was supposed to have her day in court earlier this month in San Francisco. But her hearing was canceled, as most immigration judges remain furloughed during the ongoing federal government shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been seven years of stress for me because it's hard to move forward when you have something hanging over your head,” said Ngo, 42, who lives in Lake Elsinore (Riverside County) and works as a caregiver for seniors. She was born in the Philippines and has been a lawful permanent resident in the U.S. for 30 years. But she is fighting deportation, after being convicted for shoplifting incidents in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11717702/thousands-of-immigrants-in-court-limbo-due-to-government-shutdown\">Thousands of Immigrants in Court Limbo Due to Government Shutdown\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11717702/thousands-of-immigrants-in-court-limbo-due-to-government-shutdown\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-923834000-e1547510905103-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ngo now worries that after the courts reopen and her hearing is rescheduled, she may have to wait years to resolve her case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the start of the shutdown, which is now the longest in history, California's immigration courts have cancelled \u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/543/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">more than 9,000 hearings\u003c/a>, nearly twice the rate in any other state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the shutdown continues through the end of the month, researchers expect as many as 25,000 cancellations in California alone — and more than 100,000 nationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shutdown-induced delays threaten to further strain the country’s overburdened system of immigration courts, leaving throngs of immigrants in extended legal limbo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because we are so backlogged and short-staffed, the calendars are jampacked and basically full for the next two to three years,\" said Dana Leigh Marks, one of 20 immigration judges in San Francisco, and a past president of the National Association of Immigration Judges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11720602\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11720602 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34795_IMG_0872-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34795_IMG_0872-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34795_IMG_0872-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34795_IMG_0872-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34795_IMG_0872-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34795_IMG_0872-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jasmine Ngo traveled from Southern California to San Francisco to attend an immigration court hearing that was canceled because of the shutdown. Ngo, a green card holder fighting deportation, worries she'll have to wait months or years for another hearing. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Immigration courts in California have the largest backlog of pending cases in the nation, more than 140,000 \u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/phptools/immigration/court_backlog/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according to\u003c/a> researchers with the Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse at Syracuse University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marks, who is currently furloughed, said she will try to squeeze as many canceled hearings back into her schedule as she possible, but also doubts that many people can be accommodated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By and large they're going to go to the end of the line,” said Marks, who herself has 4,000 pending cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only court proceedings being conducted during the shutdown are for people currently held in detention by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement. That means three of San Francisco’s immigration judges are holding court and working without pay, said Marks.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'It’s been seven years of stress for me because it's hard to move forward when you have something hanging over your head.'\u003ccite>Jasmine Ngo, green card holder fighting deportation\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Marks said immigrants with strong cases often suffer because of long delays, as witnesses often become hard to locate and documentary evidence grows stale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But ironically, Marks added, weaker cases that are not likely to succeed can benefit, as immigrants gain more time to bolster their claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s requests for comment to the Executive Office of Immigration Review — part of the U.S. Department of Justice, which oversees the nation’s 60 immigration courts — went unanswered. Automatic email replies from public information officials at the agency said they were also furloughed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mario Guzman, an 18-year-old asylum applicant, said he spent months preparing with his attorney to attend a court hearing that evaporated because of the shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11720603\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11720603 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34793_IMG_0386-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34793_IMG_0386-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34793_IMG_0386-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34793_IMG_0386-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34793_IMG_0386-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34793_IMG_0386-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mario Guzman, 18, in his statistics classroom at Oceana High School in Pacifica, California, on Jan 16, 2019. Guzman, an asylum-seeker from El Salvador, said he prepared for months for a court hearing that was cancelled because of the government shutdown. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The high school senior, who arrived in the U.S. with a tourist visa in 2016, said he fled gang violence and death threats in his native El Salvador. He said gang members shot his 21-year-old cousin in the throat and back, an attack that proved fatal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When he was in the hospital, he wasn't able to talk, and even if he [had] survived he wouldn't be able to walk,” said Guzman. “Seeing how the life of my cousin was destroyed was really hard for me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714388/california-teen-leads-suit-to-keep-hundreds-of-thousands-of-immigrants-in-u-s\">California Teen Leads Suit to Keep Hundreds of Thousands of Immigrants in U.S.\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714388/california-teen-leads-suit-to-keep-hundreds-of-thousands-of-immigrants-in-u-s\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34526_IMG_0789-qut-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Guzman will most likely have to revisit those painful experiences once more as he prepares for a rescheduled hearing, said his attorney, Helen Lawrence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just pretty traumatic and he's a high schooler, so he's just trying to go about his teenage life,” she said. “I think for him, he would like to get it over with. To move on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guzman, who lives with an aunt in Daly City, said he has applied to colleges in California to pursue a graphic design or animation major. But he knows an immigration judge will have the final say on his future in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's really hard because I can plan to do things here, but certainly I don't know how much time I have here,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "A Transgender Migrant Died in ICE Custody. Kamala Harris and New Mexico's Senators Want an Explanation",
"title": "A Transgender Migrant Died in ICE Custody. Kamala Harris and New Mexico's Senators Want an Explanation",
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"content": "\u003cp>Three U.S. senators want federal officials to publicly release information about the circumstances surrounding the death of a Honduran transgender migrant who was in the custody of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roxana Hernàndez, 33, died in May at an Albuquerque hospital where she was admitted after showing symptoms of pneumonia, dehydration and complications associated with HIV. The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator confirmed Thursday it has yet to complete an autopsy report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernàndez arrived at the San Ysidro Port of Entry in the spring as part of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665383/buses-carrying-central-american-migrants-roll-to-us-border\">highly publicized caravan\u003c/a> of Central American asylum seekers. Her death sparked protests, with immigrant and LGBTQ advocates saying her case underscores concerns that transgender migrants in detention facilities often do not receive adequate medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Sen. Kamala Harris, along with Sens. Tom Udall and Martin Heinrich of New Mexico sent a letter this week to top officials with ICE and U.S. Customs and Border Protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" src=\"//www.documentcloud.org/documents/5448957-12-05-18-Roxana-Hernandez-Letter-1.html?embed=true&responsive=false&sidebar=false#?secret=ow9o339x7r\" data-secret=\"ow9o339x7r\" title=\"12 05 18 Roxana Hernandez Letter[1] (Hosted by DocumentCloud)\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three Democrats contend that federal officials are responsible for publishing an initial report within 30 days when someone dies while in custody and that a final report is due within two months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It has been over 180 days since Ms. Hernàndez was pronounced dead and no such report has been publicly released,\" their letter states. \"ICE's failure to release this report diminishes the systemic, traumatic, and in this case fatal, violence that transgender individuals experience daily as a result of their gender identity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705992/in-mexico-caravan-lgbtq-migrants-stick-together-for-safety\">In Mexico Caravan, LGBTQ Migrants Stick Together for Safety\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705992/in-mexico-caravan-lgbtq-migrants-stick-together-for-safety\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1056338190-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Federal officials have said previously they were awaiting the results of the state autopsy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The senators also requested documentation on the training that officers, agents and contractors undergo related to the processing, care and safety of transgender detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The request comes after an attorney representing Hernàndez's family threatened to sue over claims she did not receive adequate medical care and was physically abused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Reports suggest that while she was held at the San Ysidro Port of Entry, Ms. Hernàndez endured freezing temperatures and was denied adequate food, water and medical care,\" the senators' letter states. \"During her transport between facilities by ICE, she vomited to the extent other detainees begged authorities to provide her with water and proper medical care.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration authorities have maintained that Hernàndez wasn't abused while in their custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710567\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11710567\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of the LGTB community and Pro-Migrants NGO's march in demand of justice for the death of Roxana Hernandez in downtown Tijuana, Mexico on June 06, 2018. \u003ccite>(Guillermo Arias/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After arriving in the United States, Hernàndez was taken into custody in San Diego and later transferred to El Paso, Texas, before being taken to the Cibola County Detention Center in western New Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was housed at the center's transgender unit for a day before being admitted to a local hospital. She was then transferred to the Albuquerque hospital, where she died several days later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal officials announced Hernàndez's death May 25, saying she was the sixth detainee to die in custody since Oct. 1, 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to immigration authorities, Hernàndez illegally entered the United States twice between 2005 and 2009. She was allowed to return to Mexico each time because she claimed Mexican nationality when encountered by immigration officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2006 and 2009, she was convicted of theft, prostitution and other charges in two separate cases in Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, Hernàndez illegally re-entered the U.S. a third time and was arrested and removed.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Three U.S. senators want federal officials to publicly release information about the circumstances surrounding the death of a Honduran transgender migrant who was in the custody of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roxana Hernàndez, 33, died in May at an Albuquerque hospital where she was admitted after showing symptoms of pneumonia, dehydration and complications associated with HIV. The New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator confirmed Thursday it has yet to complete an autopsy report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernàndez arrived at the San Ysidro Port of Entry in the spring as part of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11665383/buses-carrying-central-american-migrants-roll-to-us-border\">highly publicized caravan\u003c/a> of Central American asylum seekers. Her death sparked protests, with immigrant and LGBTQ advocates saying her case underscores concerns that transgender migrants in detention facilities often do not receive adequate medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Sen. Kamala Harris, along with Sens. Tom Udall and Martin Heinrich of New Mexico sent a letter this week to top officials with ICE and U.S. Customs and Border Protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" src=\"//www.documentcloud.org/documents/5448957-12-05-18-Roxana-Hernandez-Letter-1.html?embed=true&responsive=false&sidebar=false#?secret=ow9o339x7r\" data-secret=\"ow9o339x7r\" title=\"12 05 18 Roxana Hernandez Letter[1] (Hosted by DocumentCloud)\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three Democrats contend that federal officials are responsible for publishing an initial report within 30 days when someone dies while in custody and that a final report is due within two months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It has been over 180 days since Ms. Hernàndez was pronounced dead and no such report has been publicly released,\" their letter states. \"ICE's failure to release this report diminishes the systemic, traumatic, and in this case fatal, violence that transgender individuals experience daily as a result of their gender identity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705992/in-mexico-caravan-lgbtq-migrants-stick-together-for-safety\">In Mexico Caravan, LGBTQ Migrants Stick Together for Safety\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11705992/in-mexico-caravan-lgbtq-migrants-stick-together-for-safety\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/GettyImages-1056338190-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Federal officials have said previously they were awaiting the results of the state autopsy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The senators also requested documentation on the training that officers, agents and contractors undergo related to the processing, care and safety of transgender detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The request comes after an attorney representing Hernàndez's family threatened to sue over claims she did not receive adequate medical care and was physically abused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Reports suggest that while she was held at the San Ysidro Port of Entry, Ms. Hernàndez endured freezing temperatures and was denied adequate food, water and medical care,\" the senators' letter states. \"During her transport between facilities by ICE, she vomited to the extent other detainees begged authorities to provide her with water and proper medical care.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration authorities have maintained that Hernàndez wasn't abused while in their custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11710567\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11710567\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-968711672-e1544134857544-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of the LGTB community and Pro-Migrants NGO's march in demand of justice for the death of Roxana Hernandez in downtown Tijuana, Mexico on June 06, 2018. \u003ccite>(Guillermo Arias/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After arriving in the United States, Hernàndez was taken into custody in San Diego and later transferred to El Paso, Texas, before being taken to the Cibola County Detention Center in western New Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was housed at the center's transgender unit for a day before being admitted to a local hospital. She was then transferred to the Albuquerque hospital, where she died several days later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal officials announced Hernàndez's death May 25, saying she was the sixth detainee to die in custody since Oct. 1, 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to immigration authorities, Hernàndez illegally entered the United States twice between 2005 and 2009. She was allowed to return to Mexico each time because she claimed Mexican nationality when encountered by immigration officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2006 and 2009, she was convicted of theft, prostitution and other charges in two separate cases in Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, Hernàndez illegally re-entered the U.S. a third time and was arrested and removed.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "tragic-immigrant-deaths-fuel-drive-to-flip-california-gop-congressional-district",
"title": "Tragic Immigrant Deaths Fuel Drive to 'Flip' California GOP Congressional District",
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"headTitle": "Tragic Immigrant Deaths Fuel Drive to ‘Flip’ California GOP Congressional District | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]A[/dropcap] small shrine with fresh marigolds and votive candles marks the spot where immigrants Marcelina and Santos Garcia \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11659380/after-immigrant-couple-dies-fleeing-ice-farmworkers-describe-new-community-fears\">were killed on March 13.\u003c/a> The couple, of Mixtec Indian origin, had emigrated to California’s Central Valley from a rural region in Mexico where family values are strong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like so many other immigrants, they built a life in Delano, a city of 53,000 that’s about 140 miles north of Los Angeles. There, they worked in the world’s most productive farm industry, in its vast sea of grape vines, fruit trees and multi-seasonal crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But early that March morning, as the Garcias drove through town, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents closed in on their SUV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempting to evade agents, the undocumented couple sped down a country road. The vehicle went out of control and crashed into a pole and rolled over, killing the Garcias, who never knew that ICE was looking for Santos’ brother, not for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11703752\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11703752\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump2-800x476.jpg\" alt=\"Mourning family bid goodbye to the immigrant couple who died fleeing ICE agents.\" width=\"800\" height=\"476\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump2-800x476.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump2-160x95.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump2.jpg 940w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mourning family bid goodbye to the immigrant couple who died fleeing ICE agents. \u003ccite>(The Bakersfield Californian)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Garcias’ deaths left their six children, who are not all U.S. citizens, orphaned. And in Delano — where in 1965 the United Farm Workers first carved their place in history — anger and fear about what happened has added urgency and upped the stakes for the midterm election occurring tomorrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This has been huge wake-up call for the Latino community,” said Yazmin Hernandez, 22, a graduate of Fresno State University who helps legal permanent-resident immigrants in Delano apply for citizenship. “As a child of farmworkers,” she said, “I really want to vote.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But do others agree? Hernandez and a lot of young Latinos like her — many motivated, some less so — could be pivotal to what happens in this grape-growing region with a disappointing history of voter turnout. That history explains why get-out-the-vote campaigns hoping to energize thousands of voters have been sweeping through California’s Central Valley in recent weeks, as labor groups and immigrant rights activists aim to send a message to President Donald J. Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the eye of the storm: the district’s congressman, U.S. Rep. David Valadao, a Republican who has defied the odds by being elected three times in a district where Democrats hold a registration advantage and Hillary Clinton was victorious just two years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Youth Get Involved\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There’s no escaping Delano’s dramatic past. Not far from the roadside shrine commemorating the Garcias, the United Farm Workers’ original adobe headquarters, “Forty Acres,” is now a national historic landmark — something few would have imagined in the late 1960s here in Kern County. A bronze plaque and other markers explain Delano’s place in a chapter of American history that still rankles some conservatives and divides people here even today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took a five-year strike and a national boycott campaign for the UFW to obtain its first union contract in 1970 benefiting Mexican-American and Mexican and Filipino immigrant grape laborers. As door-to-door voter turnout campaigns tick up to Election Day, Forty Acres is a reminder that change can take root slowly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11703753\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11703753\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-800x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-800x300.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-160x60.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-1020x382.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-1200x450.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-1180x442.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-960x360.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-240x90.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-375x140.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-520x195.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3.jpg 1260w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Delano is home to Forty Acres, now a national historic landmark. It’s where Cesar Chavez and farmworkers established a headquarters in the late 1960s to fight for farm labor and civil rights. Chavez fasted in a room at Forty Acres, pictured at left, to demand rights for agricultural workers. (Susan Ferriss / Center for Public Integrity).\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For frustrated Democrats, this is a crucial beachhead. Out of the 53 seats allotted to California in the House of Representatives, only 14 districts are held by Republicans in a state that’s been gradually turning deep blue for years now. Delano, 77 percent Latino, sits in one of the GOP pockets: the sprawling 21st Congressional District. The Almanac of American Politics says Valadao has won here against Democratic candidates “who have consistently under-performed initial expectations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stretching more than 150 miles northwest to southeast, the Valley district includes parts of Fresno, Kings, Tulare and Kern counties and a piece of the city of Bakersfield. The district is also home to a smattering of small cities, Naval Air Station Lemoore, a major fighter base, and mile after mile of crops and dairy farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interest in midterm elections is usually tepid compared to presidential races. But it’s the age of Trump, and California is a state where Latinos, mostly Mexican-American, are now the single largest demographic.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“As a child of farmworkers, I really want to vote.” \u003ccite>Yazmin Hernandez, 22 \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Against this backdrop, Democrats hope that more door-to-door contact with “low-propensity” voters and “ticket splitters” will channel that anti-Trump sentiment into victories in at least a few GOP-held districts. If that happens, GOP California could shrink more and contribute to “flipping” the Republican-held U.S. House of Representatives to Democrats. But Valadao has not been alone in bucking the tide; neighboring conservative districts are held by House Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy and\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702053/the-nations-most-expensive-congressional-race-is-in-the-central-valley\"> rising conservative star Devin Nunes.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats would dearly love to do better here. But even enthusiasts don’t expect turnout miracles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Statewide, Latinos are only 21 percent of those most likely to vote in elections generally, even though 34 percent of those eligible to vote in California are Latino, according to the Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But young people, especially, who are scared for their peers’ or their own undocumented parents, say there’s no choice but to hit the streets and persuade those eligible to cast ballots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We share a history as the children of immigrant parents. We don’t know if the next ICE pursuit will be for one our families,” said Bryan Osorio, 22, who grew up in Delano. He explained the personal stakes for so many here during a meeting at Delano’s sole Starbucks. The coffee shop wasn’t far from where workers, swaddled in scarfs to fend off dust, were gleaning the last of this area’s gargantuan crop of table grapes to ship back East.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11703756\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11703756\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump4-800x534.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump4-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump4-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump4-240x160.jpeg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump4-375x250.jpeg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump4-520x347.jpeg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump4.jpeg 940w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bryan Osorio, 22, of Delano, talks to an 80-year-old Delano voter. Osorio is a University of California, Berkeley, graduate running for Delano City Council to address drinking water problems and defend immigrant families. (Susan Ferriss / Center for Public Integrity).\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After the Garcias died, Delano police examined video and found that ICE agents had pursued the couple with lights flashing, contrary to what ICE agents told officers investigating circumstances of the chase. Police recommended Kern County prosecutors charge ICE agents for providing false information, but prosecutors disagreed that evidence supported that charge. Osorio and fellow students who were home on spring break marched with Delano high school students denouncing Trump’s aggressive deployment of ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Osorio’s immigrant parents aren’t citizens and can’t vote, he said. But he can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Going back years, Republican politicians and agribusiness companies in California have acknowledged that they depend on immigrant workers, many of whom likely don’t have authentic work documents. As producers of more than half the fruits, vegetables and nuts in the country — and as the biggest dairy producers — California agribusiness interests lobbied Washington for years to legalize the labor force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That didn’t happen, and then Trump was elected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because he’d like a leadership role in vigorously challenging Trump policies, Osorio is now running for Delano City Council. He’s also vowing to address Delano’s poor water quality and stop water rate hikes burdening low-income families here. Armed with research to help him home in on infrequent voters, the recent University of California at Berkeley graduate has been knocking on doors on the West side of Delano, the Latino barrio back when Latinos were a minority and some white-owned establishments barred Mexicans from entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702053/the-nations-most-expensive-congressional-race-is-in-the-central-valley\">The Nation’s Most Expensive Congressional Race Is in the Central Valley\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702053/the-nations-most-expensive-congressional-race-is-in-the-central-valley\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/GettyImages-1000649560-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Other college students are backing Osorio, and they split up homes chosen as targets. When he’s not campaigning, Osorio’s working as a fellow at the American Civil Liberties Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve gotten a lot of vulgar comments from older men,” Osorio said of reactions to his campaign. “They said, ‘When I was your age I was chasing girls and partying. But my respect to you.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his canvassing rounds, Osorio secured a verbal pledge of support from an 80-year-old citizen relaxing in his rose garden. A younger man in dusty work clothes shook Osorio’s hand and assured him in a mix of Spanish and English that he’d already voted “all Democrats” and for Osorio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Maybe he did,” Osorio said, as his team discussed follow up visits. Not all voters appreciated the students’ visits. As one of Osorio’s friends approached a house, he was met with: “I don’t vote. Go away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Split Ticket Voters\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It’s easy to see why it’s frustrating to Delano immigrant activists and Democrats that the 21st congressional district remains Republican.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sunbaked valley has some of the worst air pollution in the country and high rates of health problems like diabetes and asthma. Obamacare was a boon to many low-income residents here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district chose Democrat Hillary Clinton over Trump by more than 15 points in 2016, making it one of seven GOP-held Congressional districts where the Democrat prevailed. But even though Democrats in the 21st had an estimated 16-point registration advantage over Republicans, voters returned Valadao to Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“We share a history as the children of immigrant parents. We don’t know if the next ICE pursuit will be for one our families.” \u003ccite>Bryan Osorio, 22 who grew up in Delano\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Like the more nationally recognizable Nunes, Valadao, 41, comes from dairy-farming roots. A bank seized Valadao’s family farm in June due to $8 million in unpaid loans, a crisis Valadao said exemplifies the travails of farmers he serves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A mild-mannered man, he recently posed in Arizona with President Trump, along with Nunes and McCarthy of Bakersfield, who hopes to vault from GOP majority leader to Speaker of the House if the GOP retains control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The photo op on Oct. 19 was all about irrigation water — a massive issue here. It showcased Trump signing a memo accelerating biological reviews of water systems that Central Valley farmers — and workers — hope will divert more water from California rivers bearing endangered species. Trump’s move was met here with strong approval, and there was Valadao by his side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to its tight bond with agribusiness, the valley is also one of California’s most culturally conservative regions. Evangelical churches are prominent, along with conservative talk radio in English and Spanish. Some local Latino activists suggest that Valadao has benefited at the polls because some voters think he is of Mexican heritage. In reality, Valadao is of Portuguese descent, as is Nunes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, what gives Democrats hope for this election?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president’s lacerating rhetoric about Mexican immigrants has upset a lot of people, so even if they regard Valadao as moderate, Trump has further tarnished the Republican brand in California. About 62 percent of the 21st district’s residents who are eligible to register to vote are Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These immigrants risk their lives to work here,” said Mexican-American Erica Cruz, 48, a self-employed hairdresser whose husband used to be undocumented. “Latinos are getting picked on. This town thrives on Latinos…Trump is putting us in a terrible position and we’re scared.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s irksome to Cruz because it’s plain to her that the region’s agribusiness industry — America’s farm powerhouse — has benefited from people who shoulder all the risks that come with undocumented immigration. Workers have assumed the burden of paying smugglers thousands of dollars to get them over the border, so they can take back-breaking jobs they obtain by showing fake documents that employers have no obligation to authenticate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, it’s common for there to be no bright line between documented and undocumented in towns like Delano because there are many “mixed status” families, with some members citizens, others legal residents and still others who are undocumented, “sin papales,” without papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11703757\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11703757\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump5-800x534.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump5-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump5-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump5.jpeg 940w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Immigrant workers are the backbone of agribusiness in California’s 21st Congressional District and other GOP-held districts in the Central Valley. (Susan Ferriss / Center for Public Integrity).\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Valadao, whose campaign did not respond to interview requests, has succeeded in part because he’s sensitive to the composition of his district, and he’s tried to walk a difficult line on immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On his Spanish-language website, he calls himself as an “hijo de inmigrantes,” a son of immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valadao’s website also says he supports a path to legal status for undocumented people: “This will allow millions of immigrants to come out of the shadows…and raise their families without the constant fear of deportation.” But none of Valadao’s positions have gone anywhere under GOP leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When pressed on immigration, Valadao has pointed out that he signed a petition this year designed to force GOP House leaders to allow lawmakers to vote on a series of complex immigration proposals, among them a path to legal status for Dreamers, undocumented people brought to the United States as children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The petition failed to lead to any reforms passing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Delano, voters seemed either unaware of the byzantine petition process or dismissed it as window dressing to aid GOP legislators looking for Latino votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TJ Cox, Valadao’s Democratic rival, told Valadao during a recent debate: “The fact is your party has control of every branch of government … and you can’t pass … an immigration bill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cox, 55, is a Fresno engineer and businessman who’s developed dams — he can talk water — and who’s also founded two nut-processing businesses and a series of health centers in lower-income areas. He’s part Chinese and Filipino, which he’s highlighted in this multicultural region.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11703637/immigrant-candidates-versus-trump-anti-immigrant-rhetoric\">Immigrant Candidates Versus Trump’s Anti-Immigrant Rhetoric\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11703637/immigrant-candidates-versus-trump-anti-immigrant-rhetoric\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/valencia_crowd-qut-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But Valadao has attacked Cox for living a few miles outside the 21st district — which is allowed — and for what Cox says was an “honest mistake” in claiming his Fresno home and an East Coast home as his primary address while his wife was studying in Maryland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The influential Cook Political Report predicts a win for Valadao. It’s moved the 21st district race to “likely Republican,” rather than the more equivocal “lean” or “toss up” designations given to some of California’s other contested districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cox’s campaign, though, sees hope in fresh numbers pollsters might not be capturing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Trump took office in January 2017, campaign workers point out, more than 30,000 additional people have registered to vote in the 21st district, more than 20,000 of them Latinos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Latinos know there’s some guy there in the administration that has no respect for them,” Cox told the Center for Public Integrity after his wife, Kathleen Murphy, a pediatric intensive care physician, passed her cell phone over for a chat. On a recent weekend, she was in a Delano park with supporters who fanned out through town as part of a Democratic “blue wave” door-to-door strategy to try to coax voters to come out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joining Murphy was Cruz, the Delano hairdresser, who said that rather than just casting a ballot this year, she felt compelled to hold home meetings and to canvass along with other bilingual volunteers. She’s hoping Republican hostility to the Affordable Care Act — and Valadao’s votes to oppose and then repeal it — will also animate voters to choose Cox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, she conceded, many people aren’t aware of Valadao’s votes and she’s left explaining them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We must fight back,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veronica Lopez, 36, a medical technician, is just the type of voter Cruz wants to reach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview at Starbucks, where she was scrolling through her phone, Lopez said that she had voted for Hillary Clinton. She has health insurance through her job. What’s weighing on her mind these days is college affordability, which has stymied her son’s plans for a four-year college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She does care about immigration to the extent that she doesn’t want to see families “torn apart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t like people deported for no good reason,” she said. Farms have been losing workers because of ICE enforcement and they need workers, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as for Trump, she said with a shake of her head, “I’ve never seen a president who talks so badly about people.” Will she vote? She thinks so but wasn’t certain. She didn’t seem that excited about the kinds of races on the ballot this time around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Political scientist Mark Martinez at California State University at Bakersfield, also in Kern County, said he thinks if TJ Cox were running in a presidential election year, his odds of defeating Valadao would be far greater.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“Latinos know there’s some guy there in the administration that has no respect for them.” — TJ Cox, David Valadao’s Democratic rival\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>A longtime observer of elections here, Martinez said it’s “Poli Sci 101” why more Central Valley voters don’t come out more at midterms: Just as in other parts of the country, he said, the least advantaged people are the least likely \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11697624/why-is-it-so-hard-to-engage-latino-voters-theyre-young-and-historically-neglected\">to believe their vote matters\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have some of the poorest congressional districts,” he said. Valadao, he added, doesn’t make “any stupid mistakes” in regard to the hot-button issue of immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Sowing Voter Seeds\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Another Delano resident, Valerie Gorospe, 40, is a community organizer at Delano’s Center on Race, Poverty and the Environment. She collaborated with a bipartisan voter-registration education campaign this past year called Central Valley Freedom Summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The campaign sent college students from the University of California’s Santa Cruz and Merced campuses back to their Valley hometowns to talk to kids about voting, and register 18-year-olds along with kids 16 and older, who can pre-register in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gorospe grew up in an Earlimart, right across from a giant vineyard in the 21st Congressional District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gorospe said she can’t understand how agribusiness can continue to vote for politicians who support Trump, who’s portrayed undocumented people as criminals and has pushed for blanket deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like cutting your arms off,” Gorospe said of Trump-supporting politicians whose districts have so eagerly used immigrant laborers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11703758\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11703758\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump6-800x534.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump6-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump6-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump6.jpeg 940w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Valerie Gorospe, 40, a Delano community organizer, said more young voters are connecting federal policy under Trump with their families’ lives. (Susan Ferriss / Center for Public Integrity).\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Kern County Farm Bureau didn’t respond to a request to talk about Trump, ICE enforcement and the election. The group’s Facebook page has multiple posts about labor shortage concerns and educational sessions on how to respond to audits of employment records ICE carries out to identify potential undocumented employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local chambers of commerce and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce have endorsed Valadao, because of his connections to “ag, energy and water,” as a press release said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Golespe said she thinks Trump and GOP positions on immigration are going to bring more younger voters to the polls next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve never seen curiosity about voting in this age group like I’ve seen this year,” she said. “They’ve really connected federal policies with what’s happening here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others are trying to share that optimism. Veronica Terriquez, who is a UC Santa Cruz associate professor of sociology, organized the Freedom Summer project. Research, she said, shows that kids are often “socialized” to vote and learn about candidates and issues within their family. The project is trying to address the absence of that socialization in Central Valley homes because so many kids’ parents aren’t citizens and either can’t vote or vote infrequently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools, too, Terriquez said, don’t devote a lot of time encouraging voting. She said some Central Valley school administrators, worried about controversy, were initially hesitant to allow returning college students to talk with younger kids and conduct registration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the high school students asked if there were concerns if she, a citizen, registered, and her parents were undocumented,” Terriquez added.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11697624/why-is-it-so-hard-to-engage-latino-voters-theyre-young-and-historically-neglected\">Why Is It So Hard to Engage Latino Voters? They’re Young – and Historically Neglected\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11697624/why-is-it-so-hard-to-engage-latino-voters-theyre-young-and-historically-neglected\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaCanvassing-1180x752.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>During the 2014 midterms, turnout among all Californians eligible to vote was a record low of about 31 percent. But for eligible 18- to 24-year-olds, turnout was even worse at about 8 percent. Turnout for the young demographic in the Central Valley was even lower at less than 7 percent, according to research by the California Civic Engagement Project at the University of Southern California’s Sacramento office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mindy Romero, director of the California Civic Engagement Project, said that beyond registration, cultivating turnout “takes deep, multiple contacts,” along with strategies that include “peer to peer” outreach and time spent in communities off the election cycle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s what one nonpartisan group, Faith in the Valley, has been trying to do in five counties, including Kern, where Delano is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re shooting to speak to between 12,000 and 15,000 voters,” said Carmen Medrano, a regional organizer for the Valley group. “We’re not from a political party, we say. We’re here about issues, like affordable housing, fair rents, making sure immigrant families are protected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The United Farm Workers are also active in the district, though they’re focused more on a state Assembly race. On their rounds, canvassers explain the union’s slate choices, which include Valadao’s opponent, TJ Cox. UFW member Nancy Oropeza, who’s working on the effort, said that canvassers have also left potted flowers with voters to remind them — when you water the flower, think about voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“I don’t like people deported for no good reason.” — Veronica Lopez, 36, a medical technician\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The UFW assignment was to reach a universe in multiple towns of 16,000, face-to-face, who are Latino and infrequent voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first thing we’ve been hearing from people we contact is: Trump, Trump. He attacks us,” Oropeza said. “Once they say, yes, they want to vote, you go back to ensure they’ve received their ballot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over at Delano’s Our Lady of Guadalupe Church, another influential institution in town — which has collaborated with the UFW to aid the orphaned Garcia children — Father Miguel Campos said the church doesn’t favor candidates in elections. But the church does believe that elections matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We tell people,” he said, “that it’s a civic and Christian duty to vote.” Tomorrow he’ll find out whether they’re listening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was published in partnership with HuffPost.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "Tragic Immigrant Deaths Fuel Drive to 'Flip' California GOP Congressional District | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">A\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp> small shrine with fresh marigolds and votive candles marks the spot where immigrants Marcelina and Santos Garcia \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11659380/after-immigrant-couple-dies-fleeing-ice-farmworkers-describe-new-community-fears\">were killed on March 13.\u003c/a> The couple, of Mixtec Indian origin, had emigrated to California’s Central Valley from a rural region in Mexico where family values are strong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like so many other immigrants, they built a life in Delano, a city of 53,000 that’s about 140 miles north of Los Angeles. There, they worked in the world’s most productive farm industry, in its vast sea of grape vines, fruit trees and multi-seasonal crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But early that March morning, as the Garcias drove through town, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents closed in on their SUV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempting to evade agents, the undocumented couple sped down a country road. The vehicle went out of control and crashed into a pole and rolled over, killing the Garcias, who never knew that ICE was looking for Santos’ brother, not for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11703752\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11703752\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump2-800x476.jpg\" alt=\"Mourning family bid goodbye to the immigrant couple who died fleeing ICE agents.\" width=\"800\" height=\"476\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump2-800x476.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump2-160x95.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump2.jpg 940w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mourning family bid goodbye to the immigrant couple who died fleeing ICE agents. \u003ccite>(The Bakersfield Californian)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Garcias’ deaths left their six children, who are not all U.S. citizens, orphaned. And in Delano — where in 1965 the United Farm Workers first carved their place in history — anger and fear about what happened has added urgency and upped the stakes for the midterm election occurring tomorrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This has been huge wake-up call for the Latino community,” said Yazmin Hernandez, 22, a graduate of Fresno State University who helps legal permanent-resident immigrants in Delano apply for citizenship. “As a child of farmworkers,” she said, “I really want to vote.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But do others agree? Hernandez and a lot of young Latinos like her — many motivated, some less so — could be pivotal to what happens in this grape-growing region with a disappointing history of voter turnout. That history explains why get-out-the-vote campaigns hoping to energize thousands of voters have been sweeping through California’s Central Valley in recent weeks, as labor groups and immigrant rights activists aim to send a message to President Donald J. Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the eye of the storm: the district’s congressman, U.S. Rep. David Valadao, a Republican who has defied the odds by being elected three times in a district where Democrats hold a registration advantage and Hillary Clinton was victorious just two years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Youth Get Involved\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There’s no escaping Delano’s dramatic past. Not far from the roadside shrine commemorating the Garcias, the United Farm Workers’ original adobe headquarters, “Forty Acres,” is now a national historic landmark — something few would have imagined in the late 1960s here in Kern County. A bronze plaque and other markers explain Delano’s place in a chapter of American history that still rankles some conservatives and divides people here even today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took a five-year strike and a national boycott campaign for the UFW to obtain its first union contract in 1970 benefiting Mexican-American and Mexican and Filipino immigrant grape laborers. As door-to-door voter turnout campaigns tick up to Election Day, Forty Acres is a reminder that change can take root slowly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11703753\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11703753\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-800x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-800x300.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-160x60.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-1020x382.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-1200x450.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-1180x442.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-960x360.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-240x90.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-375x140.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3-520x195.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump3.jpg 1260w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Delano is home to Forty Acres, now a national historic landmark. It’s where Cesar Chavez and farmworkers established a headquarters in the late 1960s to fight for farm labor and civil rights. Chavez fasted in a room at Forty Acres, pictured at left, to demand rights for agricultural workers. (Susan Ferriss / Center for Public Integrity).\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For frustrated Democrats, this is a crucial beachhead. Out of the 53 seats allotted to California in the House of Representatives, only 14 districts are held by Republicans in a state that’s been gradually turning deep blue for years now. Delano, 77 percent Latino, sits in one of the GOP pockets: the sprawling 21st Congressional District. The Almanac of American Politics says Valadao has won here against Democratic candidates “who have consistently under-performed initial expectations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stretching more than 150 miles northwest to southeast, the Valley district includes parts of Fresno, Kings, Tulare and Kern counties and a piece of the city of Bakersfield. The district is also home to a smattering of small cities, Naval Air Station Lemoore, a major fighter base, and mile after mile of crops and dairy farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interest in midterm elections is usually tepid compared to presidential races. But it’s the age of Trump, and California is a state where Latinos, mostly Mexican-American, are now the single largest demographic.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“As a child of farmworkers, I really want to vote.” \u003ccite>Yazmin Hernandez, 22 \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Against this backdrop, Democrats hope that more door-to-door contact with “low-propensity” voters and “ticket splitters” will channel that anti-Trump sentiment into victories in at least a few GOP-held districts. If that happens, GOP California could shrink more and contribute to “flipping” the Republican-held U.S. House of Representatives to Democrats. But Valadao has not been alone in bucking the tide; neighboring conservative districts are held by House Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy and\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702053/the-nations-most-expensive-congressional-race-is-in-the-central-valley\"> rising conservative star Devin Nunes.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats would dearly love to do better here. But even enthusiasts don’t expect turnout miracles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Statewide, Latinos are only 21 percent of those most likely to vote in elections generally, even though 34 percent of those eligible to vote in California are Latino, according to the Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But young people, especially, who are scared for their peers’ or their own undocumented parents, say there’s no choice but to hit the streets and persuade those eligible to cast ballots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We share a history as the children of immigrant parents. We don’t know if the next ICE pursuit will be for one our families,” said Bryan Osorio, 22, who grew up in Delano. He explained the personal stakes for so many here during a meeting at Delano’s sole Starbucks. The coffee shop wasn’t far from where workers, swaddled in scarfs to fend off dust, were gleaning the last of this area’s gargantuan crop of table grapes to ship back East.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11703756\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11703756\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump4-800x534.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump4-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump4-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump4-240x160.jpeg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump4-375x250.jpeg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump4-520x347.jpeg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump4.jpeg 940w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bryan Osorio, 22, of Delano, talks to an 80-year-old Delano voter. Osorio is a University of California, Berkeley, graduate running for Delano City Council to address drinking water problems and defend immigrant families. (Susan Ferriss / Center for Public Integrity).\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After the Garcias died, Delano police examined video and found that ICE agents had pursued the couple with lights flashing, contrary to what ICE agents told officers investigating circumstances of the chase. Police recommended Kern County prosecutors charge ICE agents for providing false information, but prosecutors disagreed that evidence supported that charge. Osorio and fellow students who were home on spring break marched with Delano high school students denouncing Trump’s aggressive deployment of ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Osorio’s immigrant parents aren’t citizens and can’t vote, he said. But he can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Going back years, Republican politicians and agribusiness companies in California have acknowledged that they depend on immigrant workers, many of whom likely don’t have authentic work documents. As producers of more than half the fruits, vegetables and nuts in the country — and as the biggest dairy producers — California agribusiness interests lobbied Washington for years to legalize the labor force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That didn’t happen, and then Trump was elected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because he’d like a leadership role in vigorously challenging Trump policies, Osorio is now running for Delano City Council. He’s also vowing to address Delano’s poor water quality and stop water rate hikes burdening low-income families here. Armed with research to help him home in on infrequent voters, the recent University of California at Berkeley graduate has been knocking on doors on the West side of Delano, the Latino barrio back when Latinos were a minority and some white-owned establishments barred Mexicans from entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702053/the-nations-most-expensive-congressional-race-is-in-the-central-valley\">The Nation’s Most Expensive Congressional Race Is in the Central Valley\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702053/the-nations-most-expensive-congressional-race-is-in-the-central-valley\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/GettyImages-1000649560-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Other college students are backing Osorio, and they split up homes chosen as targets. When he’s not campaigning, Osorio’s working as a fellow at the American Civil Liberties Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve gotten a lot of vulgar comments from older men,” Osorio said of reactions to his campaign. “They said, ‘When I was your age I was chasing girls and partying. But my respect to you.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his canvassing rounds, Osorio secured a verbal pledge of support from an 80-year-old citizen relaxing in his rose garden. A younger man in dusty work clothes shook Osorio’s hand and assured him in a mix of Spanish and English that he’d already voted “all Democrats” and for Osorio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Maybe he did,” Osorio said, as his team discussed follow up visits. Not all voters appreciated the students’ visits. As one of Osorio’s friends approached a house, he was met with: “I don’t vote. Go away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Split Ticket Voters\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It’s easy to see why it’s frustrating to Delano immigrant activists and Democrats that the 21st congressional district remains Republican.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sunbaked valley has some of the worst air pollution in the country and high rates of health problems like diabetes and asthma. Obamacare was a boon to many low-income residents here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district chose Democrat Hillary Clinton over Trump by more than 15 points in 2016, making it one of seven GOP-held Congressional districts where the Democrat prevailed. But even though Democrats in the 21st had an estimated 16-point registration advantage over Republicans, voters returned Valadao to Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“We share a history as the children of immigrant parents. We don’t know if the next ICE pursuit will be for one our families.” \u003ccite>Bryan Osorio, 22 who grew up in Delano\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Like the more nationally recognizable Nunes, Valadao, 41, comes from dairy-farming roots. A bank seized Valadao’s family farm in June due to $8 million in unpaid loans, a crisis Valadao said exemplifies the travails of farmers he serves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A mild-mannered man, he recently posed in Arizona with President Trump, along with Nunes and McCarthy of Bakersfield, who hopes to vault from GOP majority leader to Speaker of the House if the GOP retains control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The photo op on Oct. 19 was all about irrigation water — a massive issue here. It showcased Trump signing a memo accelerating biological reviews of water systems that Central Valley farmers — and workers — hope will divert more water from California rivers bearing endangered species. Trump’s move was met here with strong approval, and there was Valadao by his side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to its tight bond with agribusiness, the valley is also one of California’s most culturally conservative regions. Evangelical churches are prominent, along with conservative talk radio in English and Spanish. Some local Latino activists suggest that Valadao has benefited at the polls because some voters think he is of Mexican heritage. In reality, Valadao is of Portuguese descent, as is Nunes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, what gives Democrats hope for this election?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president’s lacerating rhetoric about Mexican immigrants has upset a lot of people, so even if they regard Valadao as moderate, Trump has further tarnished the Republican brand in California. About 62 percent of the 21st district’s residents who are eligible to register to vote are Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These immigrants risk their lives to work here,” said Mexican-American Erica Cruz, 48, a self-employed hairdresser whose husband used to be undocumented. “Latinos are getting picked on. This town thrives on Latinos…Trump is putting us in a terrible position and we’re scared.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s irksome to Cruz because it’s plain to her that the region’s agribusiness industry — America’s farm powerhouse — has benefited from people who shoulder all the risks that come with undocumented immigration. Workers have assumed the burden of paying smugglers thousands of dollars to get them over the border, so they can take back-breaking jobs they obtain by showing fake documents that employers have no obligation to authenticate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, it’s common for there to be no bright line between documented and undocumented in towns like Delano because there are many “mixed status” families, with some members citizens, others legal residents and still others who are undocumented, “sin papales,” without papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11703757\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11703757\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump5-800x534.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump5-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump5-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump5.jpeg 940w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Immigrant workers are the backbone of agribusiness in California’s 21st Congressional District and other GOP-held districts in the Central Valley. (Susan Ferriss / Center for Public Integrity).\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Valadao, whose campaign did not respond to interview requests, has succeeded in part because he’s sensitive to the composition of his district, and he’s tried to walk a difficult line on immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On his Spanish-language website, he calls himself as an “hijo de inmigrantes,” a son of immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valadao’s website also says he supports a path to legal status for undocumented people: “This will allow millions of immigrants to come out of the shadows…and raise their families without the constant fear of deportation.” But none of Valadao’s positions have gone anywhere under GOP leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When pressed on immigration, Valadao has pointed out that he signed a petition this year designed to force GOP House leaders to allow lawmakers to vote on a series of complex immigration proposals, among them a path to legal status for Dreamers, undocumented people brought to the United States as children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The petition failed to lead to any reforms passing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Delano, voters seemed either unaware of the byzantine petition process or dismissed it as window dressing to aid GOP legislators looking for Latino votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TJ Cox, Valadao’s Democratic rival, told Valadao during a recent debate: “The fact is your party has control of every branch of government … and you can’t pass … an immigration bill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cox, 55, is a Fresno engineer and businessman who’s developed dams — he can talk water — and who’s also founded two nut-processing businesses and a series of health centers in lower-income areas. He’s part Chinese and Filipino, which he’s highlighted in this multicultural region.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11703637/immigrant-candidates-versus-trump-anti-immigrant-rhetoric\">Immigrant Candidates Versus Trump’s Anti-Immigrant Rhetoric\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11703637/immigrant-candidates-versus-trump-anti-immigrant-rhetoric\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/valencia_crowd-qut-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But Valadao has attacked Cox for living a few miles outside the 21st district — which is allowed — and for what Cox says was an “honest mistake” in claiming his Fresno home and an East Coast home as his primary address while his wife was studying in Maryland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The influential Cook Political Report predicts a win for Valadao. It’s moved the 21st district race to “likely Republican,” rather than the more equivocal “lean” or “toss up” designations given to some of California’s other contested districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cox’s campaign, though, sees hope in fresh numbers pollsters might not be capturing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Trump took office in January 2017, campaign workers point out, more than 30,000 additional people have registered to vote in the 21st district, more than 20,000 of them Latinos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Latinos know there’s some guy there in the administration that has no respect for them,” Cox told the Center for Public Integrity after his wife, Kathleen Murphy, a pediatric intensive care physician, passed her cell phone over for a chat. On a recent weekend, she was in a Delano park with supporters who fanned out through town as part of a Democratic “blue wave” door-to-door strategy to try to coax voters to come out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joining Murphy was Cruz, the Delano hairdresser, who said that rather than just casting a ballot this year, she felt compelled to hold home meetings and to canvass along with other bilingual volunteers. She’s hoping Republican hostility to the Affordable Care Act — and Valadao’s votes to oppose and then repeal it — will also animate voters to choose Cox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, she conceded, many people aren’t aware of Valadao’s votes and she’s left explaining them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We must fight back,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veronica Lopez, 36, a medical technician, is just the type of voter Cruz wants to reach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview at Starbucks, where she was scrolling through her phone, Lopez said that she had voted for Hillary Clinton. She has health insurance through her job. What’s weighing on her mind these days is college affordability, which has stymied her son’s plans for a four-year college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She does care about immigration to the extent that she doesn’t want to see families “torn apart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t like people deported for no good reason,” she said. Farms have been losing workers because of ICE enforcement and they need workers, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as for Trump, she said with a shake of her head, “I’ve never seen a president who talks so badly about people.” Will she vote? She thinks so but wasn’t certain. She didn’t seem that excited about the kinds of races on the ballot this time around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Political scientist Mark Martinez at California State University at Bakersfield, also in Kern County, said he thinks if TJ Cox were running in a presidential election year, his odds of defeating Valadao would be far greater.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“Latinos know there’s some guy there in the administration that has no respect for them.” — TJ Cox, David Valadao’s Democratic rival\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>A longtime observer of elections here, Martinez said it’s “Poli Sci 101” why more Central Valley voters don’t come out more at midterms: Just as in other parts of the country, he said, the least advantaged people are the least likely \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11697624/why-is-it-so-hard-to-engage-latino-voters-theyre-young-and-historically-neglected\">to believe their vote matters\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have some of the poorest congressional districts,” he said. Valadao, he added, doesn’t make “any stupid mistakes” in regard to the hot-button issue of immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Sowing Voter Seeds\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Another Delano resident, Valerie Gorospe, 40, is a community organizer at Delano’s Center on Race, Poverty and the Environment. She collaborated with a bipartisan voter-registration education campaign this past year called Central Valley Freedom Summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The campaign sent college students from the University of California’s Santa Cruz and Merced campuses back to their Valley hometowns to talk to kids about voting, and register 18-year-olds along with kids 16 and older, who can pre-register in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gorospe grew up in an Earlimart, right across from a giant vineyard in the 21st Congressional District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gorospe said she can’t understand how agribusiness can continue to vote for politicians who support Trump, who’s portrayed undocumented people as criminals and has pushed for blanket deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like cutting your arms off,” Gorospe said of Trump-supporting politicians whose districts have so eagerly used immigrant laborers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11703758\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11703758\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump6-800x534.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump6-800x534.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump6-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/trump6.jpeg 940w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Valerie Gorospe, 40, a Delano community organizer, said more young voters are connecting federal policy under Trump with their families’ lives. (Susan Ferriss / Center for Public Integrity).\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Kern County Farm Bureau didn’t respond to a request to talk about Trump, ICE enforcement and the election. The group’s Facebook page has multiple posts about labor shortage concerns and educational sessions on how to respond to audits of employment records ICE carries out to identify potential undocumented employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local chambers of commerce and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce have endorsed Valadao, because of his connections to “ag, energy and water,” as a press release said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Golespe said she thinks Trump and GOP positions on immigration are going to bring more younger voters to the polls next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve never seen curiosity about voting in this age group like I’ve seen this year,” she said. “They’ve really connected federal policies with what’s happening here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others are trying to share that optimism. Veronica Terriquez, who is a UC Santa Cruz associate professor of sociology, organized the Freedom Summer project. Research, she said, shows that kids are often “socialized” to vote and learn about candidates and issues within their family. The project is trying to address the absence of that socialization in Central Valley homes because so many kids’ parents aren’t citizens and either can’t vote or vote infrequently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools, too, Terriquez said, don’t devote a lot of time encouraging voting. She said some Central Valley school administrators, worried about controversy, were initially hesitant to allow returning college students to talk with younger kids and conduct registration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the high school students asked if there were concerns if she, a citizen, registered, and her parents were undocumented,” Terriquez added.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11697624/why-is-it-so-hard-to-engage-latino-voters-theyre-young-and-historically-neglected\">Why Is It So Hard to Engage Latino Voters? They’re Young – and Historically Neglected\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11697624/why-is-it-so-hard-to-engage-latino-voters-theyre-young-and-historically-neglected\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/MenaCanvassing-1180x752.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>During the 2014 midterms, turnout among all Californians eligible to vote was a record low of about 31 percent. But for eligible 18- to 24-year-olds, turnout was even worse at about 8 percent. Turnout for the young demographic in the Central Valley was even lower at less than 7 percent, according to research by the California Civic Engagement Project at the University of Southern California’s Sacramento office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mindy Romero, director of the California Civic Engagement Project, said that beyond registration, cultivating turnout “takes deep, multiple contacts,” along with strategies that include “peer to peer” outreach and time spent in communities off the election cycle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s what one nonpartisan group, Faith in the Valley, has been trying to do in five counties, including Kern, where Delano is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re shooting to speak to between 12,000 and 15,000 voters,” said Carmen Medrano, a regional organizer for the Valley group. “We’re not from a political party, we say. We’re here about issues, like affordable housing, fair rents, making sure immigrant families are protected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The United Farm Workers are also active in the district, though they’re focused more on a state Assembly race. On their rounds, canvassers explain the union’s slate choices, which include Valadao’s opponent, TJ Cox. UFW member Nancy Oropeza, who’s working on the effort, said that canvassers have also left potted flowers with voters to remind them — when you water the flower, think about voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“I don’t like people deported for no good reason.” — Veronica Lopez, 36, a medical technician\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The UFW assignment was to reach a universe in multiple towns of 16,000, face-to-face, who are Latino and infrequent voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first thing we’ve been hearing from people we contact is: Trump, Trump. He attacks us,” Oropeza said. “Once they say, yes, they want to vote, you go back to ensure they’ve received their ballot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over at Delano’s Our Lady of Guadalupe Church, another influential institution in town — which has collaborated with the UFW to aid the orphaned Garcia children — Father Miguel Campos said the church doesn’t favor candidates in elections. But the church does believe that elections matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We tell people,” he said, “that it’s a civic and Christian duty to vote.” Tomorrow he’ll find out whether they’re listening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was published in partnership with HuffPost.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Advocates Question Timing of Change in Migrant Family Release Policy",
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"content": "\u003cp>Advocates for immigrants along the U.S.-Mexico border say a Tuesday decision by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement to no longer provide assistance to migrant families being released from detention may be more rhetorical than real.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until this week, ICE had a policy of conducting “post-release planning” to ensure that migrant families being released in the U.S. had transportation arrangements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Tuesday, ICE abandoned the policy, ostensibly in order to release families from detention more quickly and adhere to court orders on the treatment of migrant children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To mitigate the risk of holding family units past the time frame allotted to the government, ICE began curtailing all reviews of post-release plans from families apprehended along the southwest border,” ICE Deputy Press Secretary Sarah Rodriguez said in a statement shared with KQED Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant rights advocates say they learned about the policy change only after it was implemented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Catholic church group in El Paso, Texas, that provides temporary housing for hundreds of migrant families released from local detention facilities each week, expressed concern. In an email to supporters, Annunciation House warned that the group’s shelters could be overwhelmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Annunciation House is committed to increasing its network of hospitality centers so as to prevent releases to the street,\" the email says. \"Right now we are not there yet and so I expect that we will start seeing families with their children on the street in the coming days.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Vicki Gaubeca with the Southern Border Communities Coalition in Tucson, Arizona, said that in recent years ICE has already been making large-scale releases of families without ensuring they have transportation arrangements from border detention facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's not an unusual event,” Gaubeca said. “But it is part of the enhanced political theater … that's in essence trying to rally the Republican base to come out and vote through a narrative of fear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gaubeca said the ICE policy change seems calculated to give an impression that migrants seeking refuge in the U.S. will overwhelm border communities. But, she said, that has never been the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gaubeca speculated that the ICE announcement was related to an executive order the president is expected to announce next week, aimed at blocking a caravan of thousands of Central Americans seeking asylum in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Diego, advocates also said they had seen no changes to the number and manner of family releases since the government’s announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lauren Cusitello with Crossroads Justice Center, a nonprofit group that provides legal services to migrants, said community organizations in the San Diego can provide a lot of support to migrant families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are resources available to make sure that that they are safe and healthy,” Cusitello said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she worried that if ICE stops reviewing families’ post-release plans, the burden will shift to nonprofit and church groups to locate families and ensure their safety. And that could mean some people don’t get help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There may be people whose needs go unmet even though there are providers in the community,” Cusitello said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her statement, ICE’s Rodriguez said: “The government remains severely constrained in its ability to detain and promptly remove families with no legal basis to remain in the U.S.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She went on: “[D]ue to the recent uptick in family units presenting themselves along the Southwest border, ICE no longer has the capacity to conduct … reviews without risking violation of the Flores limitations on lengths of stay for families in both [U.S. Customs and Border Patrol] and ICE custody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1997 Flores Settlement Agreement requires migrant children to be kept in the least restrictive environment possible and released from custody as soon as possible. Children who cannot be released, must be transferred to a state-licensed child care facility, usually within 72 hours. A federal judge has ruled that the agreement applies to children with a known parent as well as those who arrive at the border without their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Holguín, one of the plaintiffs’ attorneys in the Flores case, said the change in ICE policy is “not necessary” to comply with the settlement agreement. That’s because the number of migrant kids has been high in recent years, triggering an exemption to the 72-hour rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Holguín, the government must simply release children from unlicensed immigration facilities along the border “as expeditiously as possible.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only hard limit on family detention right now is the capacity of the three family detention centers,” Holguín said. “Inasmuch as those are not full, ICE’s statements appear aimed at spreading disinformation.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Advocates for immigrants along the U.S.-Mexico border say a Tuesday decision by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement to no longer provide assistance to migrant families being released from detention may be more rhetorical than real.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until this week, ICE had a policy of conducting “post-release planning” to ensure that migrant families being released in the U.S. had transportation arrangements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Tuesday, ICE abandoned the policy, ostensibly in order to release families from detention more quickly and adhere to court orders on the treatment of migrant children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To mitigate the risk of holding family units past the time frame allotted to the government, ICE began curtailing all reviews of post-release plans from families apprehended along the southwest border,” ICE Deputy Press Secretary Sarah Rodriguez said in a statement shared with KQED Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant rights advocates say they learned about the policy change only after it was implemented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Catholic church group in El Paso, Texas, that provides temporary housing for hundreds of migrant families released from local detention facilities each week, expressed concern. In an email to supporters, Annunciation House warned that the group’s shelters could be overwhelmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Annunciation House is committed to increasing its network of hospitality centers so as to prevent releases to the street,\" the email says. \"Right now we are not there yet and so I expect that we will start seeing families with their children on the street in the coming days.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Vicki Gaubeca with the Southern Border Communities Coalition in Tucson, Arizona, said that in recent years ICE has already been making large-scale releases of families without ensuring they have transportation arrangements from border detention facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's not an unusual event,” Gaubeca said. “But it is part of the enhanced political theater … that's in essence trying to rally the Republican base to come out and vote through a narrative of fear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gaubeca said the ICE policy change seems calculated to give an impression that migrants seeking refuge in the U.S. will overwhelm border communities. But, she said, that has never been the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gaubeca speculated that the ICE announcement was related to an executive order the president is expected to announce next week, aimed at blocking a caravan of thousands of Central Americans seeking asylum in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Diego, advocates also said they had seen no changes to the number and manner of family releases since the government’s announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lauren Cusitello with Crossroads Justice Center, a nonprofit group that provides legal services to migrants, said community organizations in the San Diego can provide a lot of support to migrant families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are resources available to make sure that that they are safe and healthy,” Cusitello said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she worried that if ICE stops reviewing families’ post-release plans, the burden will shift to nonprofit and church groups to locate families and ensure their safety. And that could mean some people don’t get help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There may be people whose needs go unmet even though there are providers in the community,” Cusitello said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her statement, ICE’s Rodriguez said: “The government remains severely constrained in its ability to detain and promptly remove families with no legal basis to remain in the U.S.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She went on: “[D]ue to the recent uptick in family units presenting themselves along the Southwest border, ICE no longer has the capacity to conduct … reviews without risking violation of the Flores limitations on lengths of stay for families in both [U.S. Customs and Border Patrol] and ICE custody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1997 Flores Settlement Agreement requires migrant children to be kept in the least restrictive environment possible and released from custody as soon as possible. Children who cannot be released, must be transferred to a state-licensed child care facility, usually within 72 hours. A federal judge has ruled that the agreement applies to children with a known parent as well as those who arrive at the border without their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Holguín, one of the plaintiffs’ attorneys in the Flores case, said the change in ICE policy is “not necessary” to comply with the settlement agreement. That’s because the number of migrant kids has been high in recent years, triggering an exemption to the 72-hour rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Holguín, the government must simply release children from unlicensed immigration facilities along the border “as expeditiously as possible.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only hard limit on family detention right now is the capacity of the three family detention centers,” Holguín said. “Inasmuch as those are not full, ICE’s statements appear aimed at spreading disinformation.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A federal judge in San Diego gave provisional approval this week to a settlement agreement that gives hundreds of migrant parents and children separated at the U.S.-Mexico border another chance to apply for asylum — but some immigrant advocates say the agreement unfairly excludes hundreds of already-deported families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The settlement comes more than three months after U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw halted a Trump administration “zero tolerance” policy that led to thousands of children, including infants and toddlers, being forcibly taken from their parents in Border Patrol stations, ostensibly so the parents could be prosecuted in criminal court for illegally entering the United States. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw has been overseeing the reunification of 2,654 children with their families, and all but 358 children have so far been released to a parent or other sponsor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a San Diego hearing Tuesday, Sabraw congratulated attorneys on the progress toward reunifications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We appear to be moving closer to wrapping things up,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Rights Under the Settlement Agreement\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The agreement reached between the government and the American Civil Liberties Union will resolve three separate lawsuits challenging migrant family separations, and give children and parents who are still in the United States a chance to re-file an asylum claim and provide them legal help to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ACLU attorney Lee Gelernt says the agreement protects the asylum rights of at least 1,000 immigrant children and parents by giving them a new interview regarding credible fear in their home countries — the first hurdle in applying for asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they pass, they and their child will get to pursue asylum in more full immigration hearings,” Gelernt said. “If the parents don't pass, the child will get to have an asylum hearing. And if they [the children] pass, both parent and child will get to have a more full process to seek asylum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Deported Parents Face Untenable Choice\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But advocates say the settlement unfairly excludes 414 parents deported by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement without their children. Immigrant kids who have since returned to their home countries are also ineligible to reapply for asylum. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To me it’s striking,” said attorney Erika Pinheiro. “Parents who suffered the same or worse rights violations and who were deported are not receiving the same kind of benefits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pinheiro is with the nonprofit legal organization Al Otro Lado, whose attorneys recently fanned out through El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras to meet with dozens of deported parents whose kids are still in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Essentially they were told that the only way that they could ... have contact with their child was to get out of detention. And the only way to do that was to sign their own removal order.'\u003ccite>Erika Pinheiro, Al Otro Lado\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>She said all of the parents she met with in Central America had legitimate fears that they would be threatened or killed if they returned to their home countries, but most were not allowed to meet with an asylum officer before they were deported. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The countries of Central America’s northern triangle are experiencing widespread gang violence and extortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pinheiro said excluding deported parents from reapplying for asylum means that if they want their children to remain in the U.S. to seek asylum, they may never see them again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The parents are really desperate and feel very powerless to help their children,” Pinheiro said. “But at the same time they don't want their children returned to them in home country because of the very real threat of persecution or death that they face.” \u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Government Refuses to Bring Parents Back\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Department of Homeland Security officials have repeatedly said they have no legal obligation to bring deported parents back to the U.S., and the settlement agreement explicitly states, “The government does not intend to, nor does it agree to, return any removed parent to the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a provision in the agreement that enables attorneys to advocate for the return of some deported parents, but only in “rare” and “unusual” cases. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We'll be looking into a number of cases where we believe the parent may have been misled or coerced,” said the ACLU’s Gelernt.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11695281/u-s-still-separating-families-at-border-when-children-are-u-s-citizens\">U.S. Still Separating Families at Border When Children Are U.S. Citizens\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11695281/u-s-still-separating-families-at-border-when-children-are-u-s-citizens\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Pinheiro said many of the men and women she spoke to in Central America say they were pressured or misled into accepting deportation after their children were taken from them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Essentially they were told that the only way that they could really have contact with their child was to get out of detention,” Pinheiro said. “And the only way to do that was to sign their own removal order.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant advocates hope to convince Judge Sabraw to give deported parents a chance to return to their children in the U.S. to seek asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any objections to the settlement will be considered at a Nov. 15 hearing in Sabraw’s courtroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Family Separations Before Zero Tolerance\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Under the settlement, the right to reapply for asylum is given only to children and parents who have been in the United States since June 26 — the day Sabraw issued a preliminary \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11677646/judge-bars-migrant-family-separations-orders-return-of-children-within-30-days\">injunction\u003c/a> that stopped the government from separating families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Pinhiero and other immigrant advocates say they started getting reports of numerous children being taken from parents as early as January 2017, long before the May 5 adoption of the zero tolerance policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/immigration-border-crisis/trump-admin-ran-pilot-program-separating-migrant-families-2017-n887616\">investigation\u003c/a> this summer by NBC found that the government separated 1,768 children from their parents between October 2016 and February 2018.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Under a settlement provisionally approved this week, the choice is this: bring the children back to violence the family fled, or leave the children in the U.S. and risk never seeing them again.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A federal judge in San Diego gave provisional approval this week to a settlement agreement that gives hundreds of migrant parents and children separated at the U.S.-Mexico border another chance to apply for asylum — but some immigrant advocates say the agreement unfairly excludes hundreds of already-deported families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The settlement comes more than three months after U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw halted a Trump administration “zero tolerance” policy that led to thousands of children, including infants and toddlers, being forcibly taken from their parents in Border Patrol stations, ostensibly so the parents could be prosecuted in criminal court for illegally entering the United States. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw has been overseeing the reunification of 2,654 children with their families, and all but 358 children have so far been released to a parent or other sponsor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a San Diego hearing Tuesday, Sabraw congratulated attorneys on the progress toward reunifications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We appear to be moving closer to wrapping things up,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Rights Under the Settlement Agreement\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The agreement reached between the government and the American Civil Liberties Union will resolve three separate lawsuits challenging migrant family separations, and give children and parents who are still in the United States a chance to re-file an asylum claim and provide them legal help to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ACLU attorney Lee Gelernt says the agreement protects the asylum rights of at least 1,000 immigrant children and parents by giving them a new interview regarding credible fear in their home countries — the first hurdle in applying for asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they pass, they and their child will get to pursue asylum in more full immigration hearings,” Gelernt said. “If the parents don't pass, the child will get to have an asylum hearing. And if they [the children] pass, both parent and child will get to have a more full process to seek asylum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Deported Parents Face Untenable Choice\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But advocates say the settlement unfairly excludes 414 parents deported by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement without their children. Immigrant kids who have since returned to their home countries are also ineligible to reapply for asylum. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To me it’s striking,” said attorney Erika Pinheiro. “Parents who suffered the same or worse rights violations and who were deported are not receiving the same kind of benefits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pinheiro is with the nonprofit legal organization Al Otro Lado, whose attorneys recently fanned out through El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras to meet with dozens of deported parents whose kids are still in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Essentially they were told that the only way that they could ... have contact with their child was to get out of detention. And the only way to do that was to sign their own removal order.'\u003ccite>Erika Pinheiro, Al Otro Lado\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>She said all of the parents she met with in Central America had legitimate fears that they would be threatened or killed if they returned to their home countries, but most were not allowed to meet with an asylum officer before they were deported. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The countries of Central America’s northern triangle are experiencing widespread gang violence and extortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pinheiro said excluding deported parents from reapplying for asylum means that if they want their children to remain in the U.S. to seek asylum, they may never see them again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The parents are really desperate and feel very powerless to help their children,” Pinheiro said. “But at the same time they don't want their children returned to them in home country because of the very real threat of persecution or death that they face.” \u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Government Refuses to Bring Parents Back\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Department of Homeland Security officials have repeatedly said they have no legal obligation to bring deported parents back to the U.S., and the settlement agreement explicitly states, “The government does not intend to, nor does it agree to, return any removed parent to the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a provision in the agreement that enables attorneys to advocate for the return of some deported parents, but only in “rare” and “unusual” cases. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We'll be looking into a number of cases where we believe the parent may have been misled or coerced,” said the ACLU’s Gelernt.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11695281/u-s-still-separating-families-at-border-when-children-are-u-s-citizens\">U.S. Still Separating Families at Border When Children Are U.S. Citizens\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11695281/u-s-still-separating-families-at-border-when-children-are-u-s-citizens\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Pinheiro said many of the men and women she spoke to in Central America say they were pressured or misled into accepting deportation after their children were taken from them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Essentially they were told that the only way that they could really have contact with their child was to get out of detention,” Pinheiro said. “And the only way to do that was to sign their own removal order.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant advocates hope to convince Judge Sabraw to give deported parents a chance to return to their children in the U.S. to seek asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any objections to the settlement will be considered at a Nov. 15 hearing in Sabraw’s courtroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Family Separations Before Zero Tolerance\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Under the settlement, the right to reapply for asylum is given only to children and parents who have been in the United States since June 26 — the day Sabraw issued a preliminary \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11677646/judge-bars-migrant-family-separations-orders-return-of-children-within-30-days\">injunction\u003c/a> that stopped the government from separating families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Pinhiero and other immigrant advocates say they started getting reports of numerous children being taken from parents as early as January 2017, long before the May 5 adoption of the zero tolerance policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/immigration-border-crisis/trump-admin-ran-pilot-program-separating-migrant-families-2017-n887616\">investigation\u003c/a> this summer by NBC found that the government separated 1,768 children from their parents between October 2016 and February 2018.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Bay Area Lawmakers, Advocates Urge Pardon for Southeast Asian Refugees Facing Deportation",
"title": "Bay Area Lawmakers, Advocates Urge Pardon for Southeast Asian Refugees Facing Deportation",
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"content": "\u003cp>Asian-American state lawmakers, along with immigrant and civil rights advocates, are urging Gov. Jerry Brown to immediately pardon dozens of Southeast Asian refugees facing deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This group of refugees — mostly from Cambodia — are permanent legal residents, and most have lived in the U.S. since they were children. But in past years they were convicted of crimes, some of them gang-related. Because of that, immigration authorities have stripped them of their legal immigration status. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refugees seeking pardons have been detained by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and could be deported before the end of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates are turning to the governor because if the criminal convictions are pardoned, the refugees could reopen their cases in immigration court and fight deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>East Bay Assemblyman Rob Bonta, who joined the call for Brown to intercede, said these longtime California residents have served their time and are now fully rehabilitated and contributing to society. And he condemned ICE for targeting the refugees, which he says is part of a broader hostility of the Trump administration toward immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"California immigrants are under full frontal assault from the federal administration. Period,\" said Bonta at a San Francisco press conference held by the Asian Law Caucus on Wednesday. \"We believe — the API Caucus and our California Legislature — that we should do, and must do, everything in our power to stand up for, defend and protect our immigrants.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angela Chan, policy director of the Asian Law Caucus, said the refugees and their families came to this country because of the violence in Southeast Asia that resulted from the U.S. war in Vietnam and related upheavals. She said it is ironic that decades later, the U.S. is trying to deport them back to those countries. But Chan asserted that the state government also played a role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"California's prison boom and harsh criminal laws over the past three decades have contributed to the criminalization of many Southeast Asian-Americans, who came to the country as refugees, and were resettled by the U.S. government in low-income communities that were over-policed and over-criminalized,\" Chan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 1977 and 1997 the criminal arrest rate for Asian American and Pacific Islander youth increased by more than 700 percent, according to the Asian Law Caucus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russell Jeung, chairman of the Asian American Studies Department at San Francisco State University, said the fate of these refugees is a public policy concern that affects the fabric of California families and communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The deportation of Southeast Asians is the top issue facing our community because it has such dire consequences,\" Jeung said. \"We are tearing apart families at the borders. But for Asian Americans, we are tearing families apart by oceans.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new law, Assembly Bill 2845, authored by Bonta, will make the pardon and commutation process more transparent and creates an expedited pardon system when an urgent issue, such as a deportation, is at stake. It is due to go into effect in January.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Southeast Asian refugees who have been convicted of crimes in the past have been detained by ICE, and could be deported before the end of the year. Most have lived in the U.S. since they were children.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Asian-American state lawmakers, along with immigrant and civil rights advocates, are urging Gov. Jerry Brown to immediately pardon dozens of Southeast Asian refugees facing deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This group of refugees — mostly from Cambodia — are permanent legal residents, and most have lived in the U.S. since they were children. But in past years they were convicted of crimes, some of them gang-related. Because of that, immigration authorities have stripped them of their legal immigration status. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refugees seeking pardons have been detained by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and could be deported before the end of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates are turning to the governor because if the criminal convictions are pardoned, the refugees could reopen their cases in immigration court and fight deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>East Bay Assemblyman Rob Bonta, who joined the call for Brown to intercede, said these longtime California residents have served their time and are now fully rehabilitated and contributing to society. And he condemned ICE for targeting the refugees, which he says is part of a broader hostility of the Trump administration toward immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"California immigrants are under full frontal assault from the federal administration. Period,\" said Bonta at a San Francisco press conference held by the Asian Law Caucus on Wednesday. \"We believe — the API Caucus and our California Legislature — that we should do, and must do, everything in our power to stand up for, defend and protect our immigrants.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angela Chan, policy director of the Asian Law Caucus, said the refugees and their families came to this country because of the violence in Southeast Asia that resulted from the U.S. war in Vietnam and related upheavals. She said it is ironic that decades later, the U.S. is trying to deport them back to those countries. But Chan asserted that the state government also played a role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"California's prison boom and harsh criminal laws over the past three decades have contributed to the criminalization of many Southeast Asian-Americans, who came to the country as refugees, and were resettled by the U.S. government in low-income communities that were over-policed and over-criminalized,\" Chan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 1977 and 1997 the criminal arrest rate for Asian American and Pacific Islander youth increased by more than 700 percent, according to the Asian Law Caucus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russell Jeung, chairman of the Asian American Studies Department at San Francisco State University, said the fate of these refugees is a public policy concern that affects the fabric of California families and communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The deportation of Southeast Asians is the top issue facing our community because it has such dire consequences,\" Jeung said. \"We are tearing apart families at the borders. But for Asian Americans, we are tearing families apart by oceans.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new law, Assembly Bill 2845, authored by Bonta, will make the pardon and commutation process more transparent and creates an expedited pardon system when an urgent issue, such as a deportation, is at stake. It is due to go into effect in January.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California Attorney General Xavier Becerra has released new guidance and \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-becerra-issues-guidance-clarifying-rights-californians-and\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">model policies\u003c/a> on how public institutions across the state should comply with so-called \"sanctuary\" policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policies outline best practices for collecting, retaining, and disclosing client information, addressing immigration status inquiries and how to respond to Immigration and Customs Enforcement activities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Attorney General's office did provide quite a bit of detail,\" Angela Chan, Senior Attorney and Policy Director for Advancing Justice Asian Law Caucus, said. \"In explaining the difference, for example, between a warrant signed by a judge versus an administrative warrant signed by only an ICE agent. It gave examples of those in the appendix of the model policies and also advised on making sure courthouse employees are trained and given examples of these differences.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The model policies were issued as part of the guidelines laid out \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB54\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in Senate Bill 54\u003c/a>, or the \"California Values Act,\" which first established sanctuary laws in the state. The Attorney General's guidelines were issued for \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/immigration/higher-education-guidance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">state-run colleges\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/immigration/libraries.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">libraries\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/immigration/healthcare-guidance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hospitals\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/immigration/healthcare-guidance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">clinics\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/immigration/court.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">courthouses\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/immigration/shelter.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">shelters\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/immigration/labor-agency-guidance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">labor agencies\u003c/a>. But only those run by state or local governments are required to adopt these — or equivalent — guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think the overarching goal of this particular model policy for courthouses, and really for all the public agency model policies, is to allow people to access these public agencies — like courthouses — to access justice regardless of immigration status,\" Chan said. \"And not to have to be afraid of ICE enforcement activity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials at ICE were not immediately available for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with the model policies, a law enforcement database information bulletin was issued to aid agencies ensuring that non-criminal history information in law enforcement databases is used appropriately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Becerra said, “effective public safety, our economic vitality, and our strength as one community rely on building trust in one another and in our institutions.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California Attorney General Xavier Becerra has released new guidance and \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-becerra-issues-guidance-clarifying-rights-californians-and\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">model policies\u003c/a> on how public institutions across the state should comply with so-called \"sanctuary\" policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policies outline best practices for collecting, retaining, and disclosing client information, addressing immigration status inquiries and how to respond to Immigration and Customs Enforcement activities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Attorney General's office did provide quite a bit of detail,\" Angela Chan, Senior Attorney and Policy Director for Advancing Justice Asian Law Caucus, said. \"In explaining the difference, for example, between a warrant signed by a judge versus an administrative warrant signed by only an ICE agent. It gave examples of those in the appendix of the model policies and also advised on making sure courthouse employees are trained and given examples of these differences.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The model policies were issued as part of the guidelines laid out \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB54\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in Senate Bill 54\u003c/a>, or the \"California Values Act,\" which first established sanctuary laws in the state. The Attorney General's guidelines were issued for \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/immigration/higher-education-guidance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">state-run colleges\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/immigration/libraries.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">libraries\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/immigration/healthcare-guidance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hospitals\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/immigration/healthcare-guidance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">clinics\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/immigration/court.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">courthouses\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/immigration/shelter.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">shelters\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/immigration/labor-agency-guidance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">labor agencies\u003c/a>. But only those run by state or local governments are required to adopt these — or equivalent — guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think the overarching goal of this particular model policy for courthouses, and really for all the public agency model policies, is to allow people to access these public agencies — like courthouses — to access justice regardless of immigration status,\" Chan said. \"And not to have to be afraid of ICE enforcement activity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/eoir/page/file/1095056/download\">plans to review\u003c/a> a case that allows asylum-seekers who enter the U.S. without inspection to have a bond hearing with an immigration judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Sessions overrules this case — which he stayed on Tuesday — most asylum-seekers could end up waiting in detention centers indefinitely while their asylum claims are processed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Justice declined a request for comment from KPBS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As things stand, asylum-seekers who cross the border illegally don’t always have to remain in detention. Based on the case \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/legacy/2014/07/25/3510.pdf\">Matter of X-K-\u003c/a>,\" they can request a release on bond if they pass a “credible fear” interview. This applies to anyone apprehended by Border Patrol within 100 miles of the border within 14 days of arrival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Sessions has referred \"Matter of X-K-\" to himself, just like he has with other Board of Immigration Appeals cases, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/11/618988483/attorney-general-denies-asylum-to-victims-of-domestic-abuse-gang-violence\">such as one\u003c/a> where he revoked the right to asylum based on gang and domestic violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sessions asked for briefs from both parties that \"shall not exceed 15,000 words and shall be filed on or before October 9.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said requests for extensions were \"disfavored.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sessions' decisions are not the \"be all, end all,\" because they can be challenged in federal circuit courts, said immigration attorney Ginger Jacobs. But she said Sessions' decisions have been making it a lot harder for people to win their asylum cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve seen him do this now with about a half a dozen cases — he’s starting to pick up speed in going through these cases and referring them to himself so he can basically assert his interpretation of the law,\" Jacobs said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Board of Immigration Appeals exists within the Department of Justice's Executive Office for Immigration Review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asylum-seekers who present themselves at ports of entry instead of crossing the border illegally already do not have a right to a bond hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can be released from detention centers on parole or bond at the discretion of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), but the agency is decreasingly exercising that discretion under the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Trump administration is proposing to lift court-imposed limits on how long it can hold children in immigration detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4834243-Apprehension-Processing-Care-and-Custody-of.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">proposed regulations\u003c/a> set to be published in the Federal Register on Friday, the administration seeks to replace the Flores settlement, a decades-old agreement that dictates how long the government can hold migrant children, and under what conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4 style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11690601/toddlers-death-after-detention-casts-doubt-on-medical-care-for-migrant-families\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">Toddler's Death After ICE Detention Casts Doubt on Medical Care for Migrant Families\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11690601/toddlers-death-after-detention-casts-doubt-on-medical-care-for-migrant-families\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/UrgentCareDetention.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The administration wants to detain migrant families together for as long as their immigration cases are pending. The proposed regulations will satisfy the \"basic purpose\" of Flores, the administration argues, by making sure that children are treated with \"dignity, respect, and special concern for their particular vulnerability as minors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Today, legal loopholes significantly hinder the Department's ability to appropriately detain and promptly remove family units that have no legal basis to remain in the country,\" said Homeland Security Kirstjen Nielsen in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposed changes are expected to face legal challenges. Federal Judge Dolly Gee, who oversees the Flores settlement, recently rejected a separate attempt by the administration to detain children in jail-like settings for more than 20 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the Flores settlement, decided in 1997 and modified in 2015, immigrant minors can't be held in jail-like settings and can't be held for longer than 20 days. The Justice Department had asked the federal court for permission \"to detain alien families together throughout the pendency of criminal proceedings for improper entry or any removal or other immigration proceedings.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Gee rejected that request. \"It is apparent that Defendants' Application is a cynical attempt,\" she wrote, \"to shift responsibility to the Judiciary for over 20 years of congressional inaction and ill-considered Executive action that have led to the current stalemate.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move comes just months after the Trump administration attempted to discourage illegal immigration by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/family-separation\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">separating migrant families\u003c/a> at the border, but then backed down because of the resulting uproar. As of last week, nearly 500 children were still in government-run shelters without their parents. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Administration+Proposes+Rule+To+Allow+Longer+Detention+Of+Migrant+Children&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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}
},
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"id": "bbc-world-service",
"title": "BBC World Service",
"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
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"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
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},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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}
},
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"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
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"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"order": 1
},
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
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"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"order": 15
},
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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