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"content": "\u003cp>San José leaders are considering a plan to spread future shelters for people experiencing homelessness across the city, in response to complaints from some residents about the concentration of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12072999/tiny-homes-big-ambitions-matt-mahans-run-for-governor-spotlights-his-shelter-strategy\">interim housing\u003c/a> in Downtown and South San José.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://sanjose.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=15287745&GUID=E76CE262-AB90-4E36-B09E-1A3079B0EB10\">proposal\u003c/a>, unanimously approved Wednesday by the city council’s Rules and Open Government Committee, directs San José’s city manager to craft a policy to “decrease clustering” of future Emergency Interim Housing developments, typically communities of tiny homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The call for geographic equity mirrors a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050263/a-new-san-francisco-plan-would-spread-out-homeless-shelters-more-evenly\">similar push\u003c/a> in San Francisco, which enacted a policy last year to limit new shelter construction in certain neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José recently completed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12072666/san-jose-mayor-matt-mahan-wants-to-be-governor-heres-a-look-into-his-signature-homelessness-program\">rapid expansion\u003c/a> of temporary shelter, opening nearly 2,200 shelter spots across nearly two dozen tiny home villages, converted motels and RV parking lots. But even after the ambitious buildout, many neighborhoods — including upscale West San José and Evergreen — have no shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a staff memo, while previous city councils have approved policies referencing “equitable distribution” of shelters, the idea has never been codified into law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076281\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076281\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/250529-SJArrestShelterVote-25-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/250529-SJArrestShelterVote-25-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/250529-SJArrestShelterVote-25-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/250529-SJArrestShelterVote-25-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Via del Oro interim housing community in San José on May 29, 2025, developed by DignityMoves in partnership with the city. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Issa Ajlouny, who leads a neighborhood advisory committee for an interim housing site in South San José, said he pushed the council to consider a siting policy after reading a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12059460/bay-area-cities-expand-homeless-shelters-winning-over-neighbors-is-the-hard-part\">KQED story\u003c/a> on the topic. Ajlouny and other supporters argue it is unfair that some neighborhoods aren’t part of a solution to a citywide problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just common sense,” Ajlouny said in an interview. “It keeps the integrity of what the city of San José officials have stated they were going to do, and it’s just the fair thing to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It remains to be seen whether the San José policy will require shelter in new neighborhoods — or simply restrict additional temporary housing near existing sites.[aside postID=news_12075812 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260202-SuperBowlOpeningNight-08-BL_qed.jpg']While the expansion of shelter into new parts of the city could garner neighborhood opposition, homeless advocates fear geographic equity plans implicitly promote the idea that shelters are a “burden” on local communities. Mayors, including Daniel Lurie in San Francisco and Matt Mahan in San José, have warned that such ordinances slow the process of bringing people indoors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12059460/bay-area-cities-expand-homeless-shelters-winning-over-neighbors-is-the-hard-part\">interview\u003c/a> last year, Mahan said a restriction on new shelter in South San José would have prevented the city from opening Via del Oro, a tiny home development on land donated by a private developer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you create a straitjacket through policy, you start missing opportunities,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Supervisor Bilal Mahmood first introduced San Francisco’s policy, it mandated a new temporary housing or behavioral health care facility in each supervisorial district by mid-2026. But after opposition from Lurie, the bill was amended to only \u003ca href=\"https://sfbos.org/sites/default/files/o0172-25.pdf\">restrict new shelters\u003c/a> in neighborhoods where the number of existing beds exceeds the number of unhoused residents — and even that restriction can be paused by a board vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12072538\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12072538\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020526SJ-TINY-HOMES_GH_025-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020526SJ-TINY-HOMES_GH_025-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020526SJ-TINY-HOMES_GH_025-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020526SJ-TINY-HOMES_GH_025-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Construction workers continue building units at the Cerone Interim Housing Community on Feb. 5, 2026, in San José. The interim housing site is expected to house up to 200 people. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In San José, the opening of new shelters could be years away. A construction sprint that added 1,000 beds in 2025 finished last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Wednesday’s hearing, Councilmember Domingo Candelas questioned whether a siting policy is worth staff time now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I also want to be realistic given the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12075812/mahan-calls-for-belt-tightening-in-san-jose-budget-plan\">$56 million deficit\u003c/a> that we are facing and the reality that the administration on numerous occasions has come back and said we are not in expansion mode at all whatsoever,” Candelas said at Wednesday’s meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Vice Mayor Pam Foley, who co-authored the proposal, argued it’s not too early for the city to think about its next phase of shelter construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unsheltered homelessness in San José decreased by 10% between 2023 and 2025, but last year’s point-in-time count found nearly 4,000 people were still without shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12072535\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12072535\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020526SJ-TINY-HOMES_GH_014-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020526SJ-TINY-HOMES_GH_014-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020526SJ-TINY-HOMES_GH_014-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020526SJ-TINY-HOMES_GH_014-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The interior of a finished tiny home is seen through an open doorway at the Cerone Interim Housing Community on Feb. 5, 2026, in San José. Each unit includes a bed, storage space and basic furnishings for residents transitioning out of homelessness. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’ve already said as a council that we’re not moving forward with any more EIH [Emergency Interim Housing] at the time,” Foley said. “The idea is in the future, when we do make that decision, that we look at districts that do not have EIHs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lori Katcher, a resident who spoke at the meeting on behalf of the civil rights group Standing Up for Racial Justice, said the policy could be especially valuable for people who fall into homelessness in neighborhoods without existing shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that homelessness can befall anyone in any part of our city, and to have safe places for folks to go wherever they are living, near to where they are living, is very important,” Katcher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San José leaders are considering a plan to spread future shelters for people experiencing homelessness across the city, in response to complaints from some residents about the concentration of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12072999/tiny-homes-big-ambitions-matt-mahans-run-for-governor-spotlights-his-shelter-strategy\">interim housing\u003c/a> in Downtown and South San José.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://sanjose.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=15287745&GUID=E76CE262-AB90-4E36-B09E-1A3079B0EB10\">proposal\u003c/a>, unanimously approved Wednesday by the city council’s Rules and Open Government Committee, directs San José’s city manager to craft a policy to “decrease clustering” of future Emergency Interim Housing developments, typically communities of tiny homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The call for geographic equity mirrors a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050263/a-new-san-francisco-plan-would-spread-out-homeless-shelters-more-evenly\">similar push\u003c/a> in San Francisco, which enacted a policy last year to limit new shelter construction in certain neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José recently completed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12072666/san-jose-mayor-matt-mahan-wants-to-be-governor-heres-a-look-into-his-signature-homelessness-program\">rapid expansion\u003c/a> of temporary shelter, opening nearly 2,200 shelter spots across nearly two dozen tiny home villages, converted motels and RV parking lots. But even after the ambitious buildout, many neighborhoods — including upscale West San José and Evergreen — have no shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a staff memo, while previous city councils have approved policies referencing “equitable distribution” of shelters, the idea has never been codified into law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076281\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076281\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/250529-SJArrestShelterVote-25-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/250529-SJArrestShelterVote-25-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/250529-SJArrestShelterVote-25-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/250529-SJArrestShelterVote-25-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Via del Oro interim housing community in San José on May 29, 2025, developed by DignityMoves in partnership with the city. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Issa Ajlouny, who leads a neighborhood advisory committee for an interim housing site in South San José, said he pushed the council to consider a siting policy after reading a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12059460/bay-area-cities-expand-homeless-shelters-winning-over-neighbors-is-the-hard-part\">KQED story\u003c/a> on the topic. Ajlouny and other supporters argue it is unfair that some neighborhoods aren’t part of a solution to a citywide problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just common sense,” Ajlouny said in an interview. “It keeps the integrity of what the city of San José officials have stated they were going to do, and it’s just the fair thing to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It remains to be seen whether the San José policy will require shelter in new neighborhoods — or simply restrict additional temporary housing near existing sites.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>While the expansion of shelter into new parts of the city could garner neighborhood opposition, homeless advocates fear geographic equity plans implicitly promote the idea that shelters are a “burden” on local communities. Mayors, including Daniel Lurie in San Francisco and Matt Mahan in San José, have warned that such ordinances slow the process of bringing people indoors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12059460/bay-area-cities-expand-homeless-shelters-winning-over-neighbors-is-the-hard-part\">interview\u003c/a> last year, Mahan said a restriction on new shelter in South San José would have prevented the city from opening Via del Oro, a tiny home development on land donated by a private developer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you create a straitjacket through policy, you start missing opportunities,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Supervisor Bilal Mahmood first introduced San Francisco’s policy, it mandated a new temporary housing or behavioral health care facility in each supervisorial district by mid-2026. But after opposition from Lurie, the bill was amended to only \u003ca href=\"https://sfbos.org/sites/default/files/o0172-25.pdf\">restrict new shelters\u003c/a> in neighborhoods where the number of existing beds exceeds the number of unhoused residents — and even that restriction can be paused by a board vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12072538\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12072538\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020526SJ-TINY-HOMES_GH_025-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020526SJ-TINY-HOMES_GH_025-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020526SJ-TINY-HOMES_GH_025-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020526SJ-TINY-HOMES_GH_025-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Construction workers continue building units at the Cerone Interim Housing Community on Feb. 5, 2026, in San José. The interim housing site is expected to house up to 200 people. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In San José, the opening of new shelters could be years away. A construction sprint that added 1,000 beds in 2025 finished last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Wednesday’s hearing, Councilmember Domingo Candelas questioned whether a siting policy is worth staff time now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I also want to be realistic given the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12075812/mahan-calls-for-belt-tightening-in-san-jose-budget-plan\">$56 million deficit\u003c/a> that we are facing and the reality that the administration on numerous occasions has come back and said we are not in expansion mode at all whatsoever,” Candelas said at Wednesday’s meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Vice Mayor Pam Foley, who co-authored the proposal, argued it’s not too early for the city to think about its next phase of shelter construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unsheltered homelessness in San José decreased by 10% between 2023 and 2025, but last year’s point-in-time count found nearly 4,000 people were still without shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12072535\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12072535\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020526SJ-TINY-HOMES_GH_014-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020526SJ-TINY-HOMES_GH_014-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020526SJ-TINY-HOMES_GH_014-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020526SJ-TINY-HOMES_GH_014-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The interior of a finished tiny home is seen through an open doorway at the Cerone Interim Housing Community on Feb. 5, 2026, in San José. Each unit includes a bed, storage space and basic furnishings for residents transitioning out of homelessness. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’ve already said as a council that we’re not moving forward with any more EIH [Emergency Interim Housing] at the time,” Foley said. “The idea is in the future, when we do make that decision, that we look at districts that do not have EIHs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lori Katcher, a resident who spoke at the meeting on behalf of the civil rights group Standing Up for Racial Justice, said the policy could be especially valuable for people who fall into homelessness in neighborhoods without existing shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that homelessness can befall anyone in any part of our city, and to have safe places for folks to go wherever they are living, near to where they are living, is very important,” Katcher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose\">San José\u003c/a> City Council unanimously voted Tuesday to tighten restrictions on its network of automated license plate reader cameras — the latest \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12074467/santa-clara-county-leaders-cut-out-flock-safety-in-new-surveillance-policy\">Bay Area municipality\u003c/a> to take a closer look at the software’s risks and rewards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around 100 residents showed up to the meeting to weigh in on the city’s contract with Flock Safety, the automated license plate reader operator. Some credited the cameras with solving crime, while others warned of surveillance risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police Chief Paul Joseph told the council the cameras have been instrumental in solving serious crimes — including murders, kidnappings and sexual assaults — across every district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have never seen a technology advance so impactful to our ability to keep the community safe as I have with these license plate reader cameras,” Joseph said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s \u003ca href=\"https://sanjose.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=15279913&GUID=F5A3F78C-488C-4982-A9DC-EFFD550773B4\">changes\u003c/a> reduce the default data retention period from one year to 30 days, prohibit placing cameras near reproductive health care facilities and places of worship, and add new documentation and authentication requirements for agencies requesting access to the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076124\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1987px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076124\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/IMG_1821-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1987\" height=\"1490\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/IMG_1821-1.jpg 1987w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/IMG_1821-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/IMG_1821-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1987px) 100vw, 1987px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hui Tran, executive director of the Services, Immigrant Rights and Education Network, addresses demonstrators outside San Jose City Hall on Tuesday, March 10, 2026, as the City Council prepared to vote on changes to the city’s automated license plate reader program. \u003ccite>(Ayah Ali-Ahmad/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Officials said the new policy would also save the city an estimated $147,000 annually in storage costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, Santa Cruz became the first city in the state to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069705/santa-cruz-the-first-in-california-to-terminate-its-contract-with-flock-safety\">terminate its Flock contract in January\u003c/a>, after city officials confirmed out-of-state agencies had accessed its data in violation of state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mountain View \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12072077/as-california-cities-grow-wary-of-flock-safety-cameras-mountain-views-shuts-its-off\">shut off its cameras in February\u003c/a> after a similar discovery, and Santa Clara County supervisors \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12074467/santa-clara-county-leaders-cut-out-flock-safety-in-new-surveillance-policy\">also amended their surveillance policy last month\u003c/a> to effectively cut out Flock as a vendor in Cupertino, Saratoga and Los Altos Hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José has 474 Flock cameras administered by the police department’s Real Time Intelligence Center.[aside postID=news_12069838 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/250319-SF-SPEED-CAMERAS-MD-06_qed-1.jpg'] Joseph said the department has never shared data with federal immigration authorities — which would be illegal under California law — and that the manufacturer has disabled that capability statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An independent audit found no unauthorized access or suspicious activity, according to the city’s Chief Information Officer Khaled Tawfik.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But advocates say restricting the cameras is not enough — they want the city to end its Flock contract entirely. Kimberly Woo, an organizer with the Services, Immigrant Rights and Education Network, said no policy can fully protect residents from what she called the “dangers of mass surveillance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We must refuse to give this authoritarian federal government any AI mass surveillance weapon that will and has already been used to hunt our neighbors,” Woo said at a rally outside City Hall before the city council’s vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late last year, SIREN and the Council on American-Islamic Relations filed\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12064587/civil-liberties-groups-sue-san-jose-over-license-plate-reader-use\"> a lawsuit against the city\u003c/a> over its use of the cameras. Advocates warned that the data could be used to track residents visiting mosques, immigration legal clinics or health care facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12064595\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12064595\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/image-9.png 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/image-9-160x107.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/image-9-1536x1024.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San José Mayor Matt Mahan helps to install a Flock Safety brand automated license plate reader on April 23, 2024. Civil liberties groups are now suing the city and Mahan over the technology’s uses. \u003ccite>(Joseph Geha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The coalition is calling on the city to permanently end its Flock contract, halt all license plate reader operations until an alternative vendor is found, require judicial warrants for all data searches and establish a quarterly independent audit process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the council discussion, Mayor Matt Mahan defended the city’s approach, arguing San José had been ahead of other cities in establishing privacy protections before Tuesday’s additional recommendations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I personally believe from everything I have read, seen, studied and discussed that we’ve struck the right balance here,” Mahan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The council approved two additional memos related to the Flock contract. A \u003ca href=\"https://sanjose.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=15300715&GUID=F23F24C0-E5F4-4B56-9966-79D2D9CB7240\">brief \u003c/a>authored by Councilmember Domingo Candelas and four colleagues directs the city manager to explore alternative vendors, prohibits facial recognition integration and adds consulate and embassy offices to the list of sensitive locations where cameras cannot be placed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11987727\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11987727\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/240524-REGIONALMEDICAL-JG-5_qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/240524-REGIONALMEDICAL-JG-5_qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/240524-REGIONALMEDICAL-JG-5_qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/240524-REGIONALMEDICAL-JG-5_qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/240524-REGIONALMEDICAL-JG-5_qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/240524-REGIONALMEDICAL-JG-5_qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San José City Councilmember Peter Ortiz speaks during a rally outside of Regional Medical Center in East San José on May 24. Ortiz and others called on Attorney General Rob Bonta to halt service cuts planned by the hospital’s ownership. \u003ccite>(Joseph Geha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://sanjose.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=15300754&GUID=16AEDB62-5677-4F86-A16A-FF261DF0056B\">separate memo\u003c/a> from Councilmember Peter Ortiz expanded placement restrictions to include facilities that primarily offer gender-affirming care. During the meeting, Ortiz went further, saying the city should end its Flock contract entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My concern is not with ALPR technology itself; my concern is with Flock Safety as a vendor,” Ortiz said. “Honestly, I believe we should end our contract with Flock today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortiz noted that the contract comes up for renewal each June, meaning the council could opt not to extend it. The contract otherwise runs on annual extensions through 2034 before a new competitive bidding process would be required.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose\">San José\u003c/a> City Council unanimously voted Tuesday to tighten restrictions on its network of automated license plate reader cameras — the latest \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12074467/santa-clara-county-leaders-cut-out-flock-safety-in-new-surveillance-policy\">Bay Area municipality\u003c/a> to take a closer look at the software’s risks and rewards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around 100 residents showed up to the meeting to weigh in on the city’s contract with Flock Safety, the automated license plate reader operator. Some credited the cameras with solving crime, while others warned of surveillance risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police Chief Paul Joseph told the council the cameras have been instrumental in solving serious crimes — including murders, kidnappings and sexual assaults — across every district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have never seen a technology advance so impactful to our ability to keep the community safe as I have with these license plate reader cameras,” Joseph said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s \u003ca href=\"https://sanjose.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=15279913&GUID=F5A3F78C-488C-4982-A9DC-EFFD550773B4\">changes\u003c/a> reduce the default data retention period from one year to 30 days, prohibit placing cameras near reproductive health care facilities and places of worship, and add new documentation and authentication requirements for agencies requesting access to the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076124\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1987px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076124\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/IMG_1821-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1987\" height=\"1490\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/IMG_1821-1.jpg 1987w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/IMG_1821-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/IMG_1821-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1987px) 100vw, 1987px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hui Tran, executive director of the Services, Immigrant Rights and Education Network, addresses demonstrators outside San Jose City Hall on Tuesday, March 10, 2026, as the City Council prepared to vote on changes to the city’s automated license plate reader program. \u003ccite>(Ayah Ali-Ahmad/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Officials said the new policy would also save the city an estimated $147,000 annually in storage costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, Santa Cruz became the first city in the state to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069705/santa-cruz-the-first-in-california-to-terminate-its-contract-with-flock-safety\">terminate its Flock contract in January\u003c/a>, after city officials confirmed out-of-state agencies had accessed its data in violation of state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mountain View \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12072077/as-california-cities-grow-wary-of-flock-safety-cameras-mountain-views-shuts-its-off\">shut off its cameras in February\u003c/a> after a similar discovery, and Santa Clara County supervisors \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12074467/santa-clara-county-leaders-cut-out-flock-safety-in-new-surveillance-policy\">also amended their surveillance policy last month\u003c/a> to effectively cut out Flock as a vendor in Cupertino, Saratoga and Los Altos Hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José has 474 Flock cameras administered by the police department’s Real Time Intelligence Center.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> Joseph said the department has never shared data with federal immigration authorities — which would be illegal under California law — and that the manufacturer has disabled that capability statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An independent audit found no unauthorized access or suspicious activity, according to the city’s Chief Information Officer Khaled Tawfik.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But advocates say restricting the cameras is not enough — they want the city to end its Flock contract entirely. Kimberly Woo, an organizer with the Services, Immigrant Rights and Education Network, said no policy can fully protect residents from what she called the “dangers of mass surveillance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We must refuse to give this authoritarian federal government any AI mass surveillance weapon that will and has already been used to hunt our neighbors,” Woo said at a rally outside City Hall before the city council’s vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late last year, SIREN and the Council on American-Islamic Relations filed\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12064587/civil-liberties-groups-sue-san-jose-over-license-plate-reader-use\"> a lawsuit against the city\u003c/a> over its use of the cameras. Advocates warned that the data could be used to track residents visiting mosques, immigration legal clinics or health care facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12064595\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12064595\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/image-9.png 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/image-9-160x107.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/image-9-1536x1024.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San José Mayor Matt Mahan helps to install a Flock Safety brand automated license plate reader on April 23, 2024. Civil liberties groups are now suing the city and Mahan over the technology’s uses. \u003ccite>(Joseph Geha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The coalition is calling on the city to permanently end its Flock contract, halt all license plate reader operations until an alternative vendor is found, require judicial warrants for all data searches and establish a quarterly independent audit process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the council discussion, Mayor Matt Mahan defended the city’s approach, arguing San José had been ahead of other cities in establishing privacy protections before Tuesday’s additional recommendations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I personally believe from everything I have read, seen, studied and discussed that we’ve struck the right balance here,” Mahan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The council approved two additional memos related to the Flock contract. A \u003ca href=\"https://sanjose.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=15300715&GUID=F23F24C0-E5F4-4B56-9966-79D2D9CB7240\">brief \u003c/a>authored by Councilmember Domingo Candelas and four colleagues directs the city manager to explore alternative vendors, prohibits facial recognition integration and adds consulate and embassy offices to the list of sensitive locations where cameras cannot be placed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11987727\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11987727\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/240524-REGIONALMEDICAL-JG-5_qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/240524-REGIONALMEDICAL-JG-5_qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/240524-REGIONALMEDICAL-JG-5_qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/240524-REGIONALMEDICAL-JG-5_qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/240524-REGIONALMEDICAL-JG-5_qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/240524-REGIONALMEDICAL-JG-5_qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San José City Councilmember Peter Ortiz speaks during a rally outside of Regional Medical Center in East San José on May 24. Ortiz and others called on Attorney General Rob Bonta to halt service cuts planned by the hospital’s ownership. \u003ccite>(Joseph Geha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://sanjose.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=15300754&GUID=16AEDB62-5677-4F86-A16A-FF261DF0056B\">separate memo\u003c/a> from Councilmember Peter Ortiz expanded placement restrictions to include facilities that primarily offer gender-affirming care. During the meeting, Ortiz went further, saying the city should end its Flock contract entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My concern is not with ALPR technology itself; my concern is with Flock Safety as a vendor,” Ortiz said. “Honestly, I believe we should end our contract with Flock today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortiz noted that the contract comes up for renewal each June, meaning the council could opt not to extend it. The contract otherwise runs on annual extensions through 2034 before a new competitive bidding process would be required.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>San José State University is challenging the Trump administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12071407/trump-officials-say-san-jose-state-broke-civil-rights-law-by-letting-trans-athlete-play\">threats to withhold funding\u003c/a> over policies supporting transgender student-athletes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit filed in federal court last week by the California State University system comes after the U.S. Department of Education presented San José State with an ultimatum in January, saying that if the school does not make a set of sweeping policy changes and public statements barring transgender students from athletic programs, it could risk losing hundreds of millions of dollars in federal financial aid and research funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is no choice at all,” the lawsuit reads. “SJSU has filed this action to defend the rule of law and protect itself and its community against such lawless acts by the federal government.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school made national headlines when a series of opponents forfeited games against its women’s volleyball team, which had a transgender player, in 2024. Shortly after, the department’s Office for Civil Rights opened an investigation into San José State University in February 2025, alleging the school violated federal Title IX law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same month, President Donald Trump issued an executive order barring transgender athletes from participating in women’s sports, and the NCAA said it would change its policies in line with the directive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074482\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074482\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/GettyImages-2262729717-scaled-e1773182284895.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1413\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Donald Trump speaks during a press briefing at the White House on Feb. 20, 2026, in Washington, D.C. \u003ccite>(Chen Mengtong/China News Service/VCG via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The moves followed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015114/anti-trans-lawsuit-seeks-ban-san-jose-state-volleyball-player-tournament\">lawsuit filed during the 2024 season\u003c/a> by San José State’s co-captain, Brooke Slusser and a slew of players on teams that had forfeited attempting to bar the transgender athlete from playing on San José State’s team, alleging that the school and the Big Mountain West athletic conference violated the rights of women by allowing transgender players to compete. At the time, the university had not acknowledged publicly whether a transgender athlete played on the team, and the player had not yet publicly \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/20/magazine/trans-athletes-women-college-sports.html\">come out\u003c/a> as trans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, the federal government threatened to withhold federal funding if it didn’t make changes to school policies that state that there are only two sexes and that “the sex of a human — female or male — is unchangeable,” issue public and personal apologies to women who forfeited games against the volleyball team and bar transgender women from women’s sports teams and gendered facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school receives nearly $200 million in research funding from the federal government. About two-thirds of its students also rely on a total of about $130 million in federal financial aid, according to the lawsuit. Without the funding, the lawsuit states, those students, many of whom are the first in their families to go to college, could lose necessary financial support and may not be able to afford tuition.[aside postID=news_12071407 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-01-1020x680.jpg']Still, the CSU rejected the proposed resolution agreement from the Department of Education last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for the school said that its policies allowing transgender players to participate on the team between 2022 and 2024 were in line with federal law, and the DOE’s own interpretation of Title IX at the time. The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals also issued rulings in 2023 and 2024 upholding the rights of transgender athletes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our position is simple: We have followed the law and cannot be punished for doing so,” SJSU President Cynthia Teniente-Matson said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for the CSU added that any future change cannot be applied retroactively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The President does not have the authority to override judicial decisions interpreting the Constitution or federal statutes — much less to go back in time and change the rules that applied before he took office,” the suit reads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement on its website, the CSU said its policies supporting transgender students and prohibiting gender identity discrimination remain in place, and “remains unwavering in its commitment to fostering an inclusive, respectful, and safe environment for all students, faculty, and staff — including LGBTQ+ community members.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the question of whether transgender athletes could be barred from competing in women’s sports more broadly in the future remains unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12016237\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12016237\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/AP24306173842056_qed.jpg\" alt=\"Inside a gym with players in yellow uniforms.\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/AP24306173842056_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/AP24306173842056_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/AP24306173842056_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/AP24306173842056_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/AP24306173842056_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/AP24306173842056_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San José State Spartans play the Air Force Falcons during the first set of an NCAA college volleyball match on Thursday, Oct. 31, 2024, in San José, California. \u003ccite>(Eakin Howard/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Trump’s executive order restricting transgender athletes’ participation is currently being challenged in multiple lawsuits — both alleging that its enforcement violates Title IX precedent, like the CSU case, and that the administration’s process for rescinding federal funding is unlawful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shiwali Patel, a senior director of education justice at the National Women’s Law Center and a Title IX attorney, said that federal law limits the government from rescinding funds from an entire institution, as opposed to the program that’s been found in noncompliance with Title IX.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12075180/advocates-worry-supreme-court-is-going-after-the-transgender-community-deliberately\">Supreme Court\u003c/a> is also expected to rule on a pair of state laws banning transgender athletes from women’s teams this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12015199\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12015199\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03.jpg\" alt=\"People wearing volleyball uniforms shake hands near the volleyball net.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San José State Spartans volleyball team greets their opponents, the University of New Mexico Lobos, before playing their home game on Nov. 2, 2024. \u003ccite>(Natalia Navarro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During oral arguments in January, the court appeared poised to uphold the bans, though depending on how narrowly the court chooses to rule, that decision might not directly impact schools in California, which has state laws protecting transgender students’ rights to participate in sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Assuming that the court does that, and does not hold that Title IX mandates an anti-trans sports ban, then there is even stronger grounds for CSU to fight back against the Trump administration,” Patel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, some schools that have faced federal funding threats have \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/article/trump-university-college.html\">made concessions \u003c/a>or come to agreements with the Trump administration, and the suit said that if the Supreme Court or Ninth Circuit changes the law and imposes new or different requirements, “SJSU will comply going forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San José State University is challenging the Trump administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12071407/trump-officials-say-san-jose-state-broke-civil-rights-law-by-letting-trans-athlete-play\">threats to withhold funding\u003c/a> over policies supporting transgender student-athletes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit filed in federal court last week by the California State University system comes after the U.S. Department of Education presented San José State with an ultimatum in January, saying that if the school does not make a set of sweeping policy changes and public statements barring transgender students from athletic programs, it could risk losing hundreds of millions of dollars in federal financial aid and research funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is no choice at all,” the lawsuit reads. “SJSU has filed this action to defend the rule of law and protect itself and its community against such lawless acts by the federal government.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school made national headlines when a series of opponents forfeited games against its women’s volleyball team, which had a transgender player, in 2024. Shortly after, the department’s Office for Civil Rights opened an investigation into San José State University in February 2025, alleging the school violated federal Title IX law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same month, President Donald Trump issued an executive order barring transgender athletes from participating in women’s sports, and the NCAA said it would change its policies in line with the directive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074482\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074482\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/GettyImages-2262729717-scaled-e1773182284895.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1413\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Donald Trump speaks during a press briefing at the White House on Feb. 20, 2026, in Washington, D.C. \u003ccite>(Chen Mengtong/China News Service/VCG via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The moves followed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015114/anti-trans-lawsuit-seeks-ban-san-jose-state-volleyball-player-tournament\">lawsuit filed during the 2024 season\u003c/a> by San José State’s co-captain, Brooke Slusser and a slew of players on teams that had forfeited attempting to bar the transgender athlete from playing on San José State’s team, alleging that the school and the Big Mountain West athletic conference violated the rights of women by allowing transgender players to compete. At the time, the university had not acknowledged publicly whether a transgender athlete played on the team, and the player had not yet publicly \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/20/magazine/trans-athletes-women-college-sports.html\">come out\u003c/a> as trans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, the federal government threatened to withhold federal funding if it didn’t make changes to school policies that state that there are only two sexes and that “the sex of a human — female or male — is unchangeable,” issue public and personal apologies to women who forfeited games against the volleyball team and bar transgender women from women’s sports teams and gendered facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school receives nearly $200 million in research funding from the federal government. About two-thirds of its students also rely on a total of about $130 million in federal financial aid, according to the lawsuit. Without the funding, the lawsuit states, those students, many of whom are the first in their families to go to college, could lose necessary financial support and may not be able to afford tuition.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Still, the CSU rejected the proposed resolution agreement from the Department of Education last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for the school said that its policies allowing transgender players to participate on the team between 2022 and 2024 were in line with federal law, and the DOE’s own interpretation of Title IX at the time. The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals also issued rulings in 2023 and 2024 upholding the rights of transgender athletes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our position is simple: We have followed the law and cannot be punished for doing so,” SJSU President Cynthia Teniente-Matson said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for the CSU added that any future change cannot be applied retroactively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The President does not have the authority to override judicial decisions interpreting the Constitution or federal statutes — much less to go back in time and change the rules that applied before he took office,” the suit reads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement on its website, the CSU said its policies supporting transgender students and prohibiting gender identity discrimination remain in place, and “remains unwavering in its commitment to fostering an inclusive, respectful, and safe environment for all students, faculty, and staff — including LGBTQ+ community members.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the question of whether transgender athletes could be barred from competing in women’s sports more broadly in the future remains unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12016237\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12016237\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/AP24306173842056_qed.jpg\" alt=\"Inside a gym with players in yellow uniforms.\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/AP24306173842056_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/AP24306173842056_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/AP24306173842056_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/AP24306173842056_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/AP24306173842056_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/AP24306173842056_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San José State Spartans play the Air Force Falcons during the first set of an NCAA college volleyball match on Thursday, Oct. 31, 2024, in San José, California. \u003ccite>(Eakin Howard/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Trump’s executive order restricting transgender athletes’ participation is currently being challenged in multiple lawsuits — both alleging that its enforcement violates Title IX precedent, like the CSU case, and that the administration’s process for rescinding federal funding is unlawful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shiwali Patel, a senior director of education justice at the National Women’s Law Center and a Title IX attorney, said that federal law limits the government from rescinding funds from an entire institution, as opposed to the program that’s been found in noncompliance with Title IX.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12075180/advocates-worry-supreme-court-is-going-after-the-transgender-community-deliberately\">Supreme Court\u003c/a> is also expected to rule on a pair of state laws banning transgender athletes from women’s teams this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12015199\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12015199\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03.jpg\" alt=\"People wearing volleyball uniforms shake hands near the volleyball net.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San José State Spartans volleyball team greets their opponents, the University of New Mexico Lobos, before playing their home game on Nov. 2, 2024. \u003ccite>(Natalia Navarro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During oral arguments in January, the court appeared poised to uphold the bans, though depending on how narrowly the court chooses to rule, that decision might not directly impact schools in California, which has state laws protecting transgender students’ rights to participate in sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Assuming that the court does that, and does not hold that Title IX mandates an anti-trans sports ban, then there is even stronger grounds for CSU to fight back against the Trump administration,” Patel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, some schools that have faced federal funding threats have \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/article/trump-university-college.html\">made concessions \u003c/a>or come to agreements with the Trump administration, and the suit said that if the Supreme Court or Ninth Circuit changes the law and imposes new or different requirements, “SJSU will comply going forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Facing a projected budget shortfall of $56 million, San José Mayor \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/matt-mahan\">Matt Mahan\u003c/a> on Tuesday called for a round of belt-tightening at City Hall in his annual spending plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan, who is running for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12075490/san-jose-mayor-matt-mahan-positions-himself-as-a-change-candidate-in-governors-race\">California governor\u003c/a>, acknowledged that cuts are likely unavoidable given sluggish tax returns and rising employee costs — but he called for the preservation of funding for five city “focus areas” that have defined both his mayoralty and his nascent \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12071306/san-jose-mayor-matt-mahan-announces-run-for-california-governor\">statewide campaign\u003c/a>: unsheltered homelessness, public safety, housing production, neighborhood cleanup and economic growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our current fiscal outlook demands that we make difficult trade-offs to maintain critical core services for our residents,” Mahan wrote in his March Budget Message. “Recommitting to focus reinforces our commitment to fiscal sustainability and cost-effective service delivery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan did not identify specific positions for cuts. Under San José’s weak-mayor system, that work will be left to the city manager, who oversees the municipal workforce and crafts a detailed budget based on the mayor’s budget message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his message, Mahan called broadly for reductions to come with minimal service impacts; investments in downtown to spur economic activity; and the pursuit of new revenue, including a potential expansion of the parcel tax that supports libraries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he vowed to reduce the ongoing cost of his \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12072999/tiny-homes-big-ambitions-matt-mahans-run-for-governor-spotlights-his-shelter-strategy\">signature program\u003c/a>: a network of shelters and tiny homes for people experiencing homelessness that Mahan has credited for a drop in the city’s unsheltered homeless population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075969\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075969\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20230801-SJCityHall-21-JY_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20230801-SJCityHall-21-JY_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20230801-SJCityHall-21-JY_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20230801-SJCityHall-21-JY_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pedestrians walk past City Hall in San José, California, on Aug. 1, 2023. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The city council will review Mahan’s initial budget plan on March 17. That vote will be followed by months of hearings and negotiations, before the council votes on a final budget in early June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Tucker, senior union representative for AFSCME Local 101, said there is a “pretty big concern” that layoffs could be coming. AFSCME represents most unionized municipal employees, including workers at San José Mineta International Airport and city libraries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San José already runs with one of the leanest city workforces of any major city in the country,” Tucker said. “So, when budget pressure like this hits, there’s not really a lot of cushion — and what that usually looks like then is reduced library hours and longer response times for services.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.sanjoseca.gov/home/showpublisheddocument/128789/639081378653070000\">budget forecast\u003c/a> released last week, San José’s city manager wrote that while city revenues are only slightly lower than anticipated last year, projected expenditures are running $54.2 million higher — largely driven by increases in employee compensation and retirement contributions.[aside postID=news_12075490 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260227-MATT-MAHAN-ON-PB-MD-05-KQED.jpg']Last fall, the city council unanimously approved a new contract with San José’s police union with wage increases of 7%, 5% and 3%, which will cost an \u003ca href=\"https://sanjose.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=14792860&GUID=534B17E5-8894-4197-B2DE-396CB354F373\">estimated\u003c/a> $14.3 million in the upcoming fiscal year, according to the city’s director of human resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The forecast also pointed to the cost of the city’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12072666/san-jose-mayor-matt-mahan-wants-to-be-governor-heres-a-look-into-his-signature-homelessness-program\">interim housing program\u003c/a>, which has rapidly expanded during Mahan’s time as mayor to include nearly 2,200 shelter spots across a network of tiny homes, converted motels and RV parking lots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of interim housing costs are covered using money in a voter-approved homeless fund — the result of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026437/san-jose-mayor-proposes-permanent-shift-homeless-funding-from-housing-shelter\">previous\u003c/a> budget \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043418/san-jose-council-approves-mahans-shelter-enforcement-plan\">debates\u003c/a> during Mahan’s tenure. But operating costs for the shelters are currently projected to outstrip that Measure E funding, requiring a projected $15 million infusion from the general fund in the upcoming budget year and $29 million in 2027-28.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have essentially shifted all of that money to [interim housing], and it is still not enough,” Councilmember Pamela Campos said in an interview. “It is unsustainable to be addressing our homelessness crisis at a level that is so focused on one faction of the issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan has described those forecasts as “pessimistic” and is promising to drive down interim housing costs by re-bidding contracts, obtaining funding from the state government and Santa Clara County and exploring the idea of charging interim housing residents a fee for their stay or having them assume maintenance tasks at the properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As we complete this phase of shelter expansion, we are shifting focus to system optimization: building on our progress by lowering operating costs without compromising outcomes,” Mahan wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042506\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042506\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250529-SJARRESTSHELTERVOTE-14-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250529-SJARRESTSHELTERVOTE-14-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250529-SJARRESTSHELTERVOTE-14-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250529-SJARRESTSHELTERVOTE-14-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250529-SJARRESTSHELTERVOTE-14-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250529-SJARRESTSHELTERVOTE-14-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250529-SJARRESTSHELTERVOTE-14-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An interim housing site is built near an unhoused community along the Guadalupe River in San José on May 29, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>City budget analysts are projecting that this year’s shortfall will be followed by smaller deficits of $26.8 million in 2027-28 and $11.8 million in 2028-29, before expected surpluses at the end of the decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Retirement costs, the subject of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10656386/san-joses-long-and-winding-road-to-pension-reform-takes-another-turn\">bitter political fights\u003c/a> last decade, are expected to decrease in future budget years — from $405.1 million in 2026-27 to $382.6 million in 2030-31.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, labor relations remain a volatile political issue in California’s third-largest city.[aside postID=news_12074738 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-12-BL-KQED.jpg']In 2023, Mahan was the lone vote against a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11958290/san-jose-city-council-approves-agreements-with-unions-to-avoid-strike\">wage agreement\u003c/a> with two unions representing nearly 4,500 city workers that narrowly avoided a strike. In a recent interview with KQED’s \u003cem>Political Breakdown\u003c/em>, Mahan said the city’s current fiscal outlook has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12075490/san-jose-mayor-matt-mahan-positions-himself-as-a-change-candidate-in-governors-race\">vindicated\u003c/a> him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over my warning, our council, under an incredible amount of pressure from some of our unions, gave a 14.5% raise over three years,” Mahan said. “This year we will be cutting services, we will be laying off unionized workers as a result, and it was avoidable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tucker, the union representative, called Mahan’s comment “concerning.” He pointed to the wage increase for police officers and questioned the administration’s downtown spending related to major sporting events and future upgrades to the SAP Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the city can spend on hockey arena upgrades and global events like the Super Bowl and the World Cup and March Madness, it should be able to fund the workforce that continues to deliver services,” Tucker said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new infusion of tax revenue could be on the way to help ease future cuts. City leaders are asking San José voters to approve a 2% increase in the city’s hotel tax that could raise $10 million annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Facing a projected budget shortfall of $56 million, San José Mayor \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/matt-mahan\">Matt Mahan\u003c/a> on Tuesday called for a round of belt-tightening at City Hall in his annual spending plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan, who is running for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12075490/san-jose-mayor-matt-mahan-positions-himself-as-a-change-candidate-in-governors-race\">California governor\u003c/a>, acknowledged that cuts are likely unavoidable given sluggish tax returns and rising employee costs — but he called for the preservation of funding for five city “focus areas” that have defined both his mayoralty and his nascent \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12071306/san-jose-mayor-matt-mahan-announces-run-for-california-governor\">statewide campaign\u003c/a>: unsheltered homelessness, public safety, housing production, neighborhood cleanup and economic growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our current fiscal outlook demands that we make difficult trade-offs to maintain critical core services for our residents,” Mahan wrote in his March Budget Message. “Recommitting to focus reinforces our commitment to fiscal sustainability and cost-effective service delivery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan did not identify specific positions for cuts. Under San José’s weak-mayor system, that work will be left to the city manager, who oversees the municipal workforce and crafts a detailed budget based on the mayor’s budget message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his message, Mahan called broadly for reductions to come with minimal service impacts; investments in downtown to spur economic activity; and the pursuit of new revenue, including a potential expansion of the parcel tax that supports libraries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he vowed to reduce the ongoing cost of his \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12072999/tiny-homes-big-ambitions-matt-mahans-run-for-governor-spotlights-his-shelter-strategy\">signature program\u003c/a>: a network of shelters and tiny homes for people experiencing homelessness that Mahan has credited for a drop in the city’s unsheltered homeless population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075969\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075969\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20230801-SJCityHall-21-JY_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20230801-SJCityHall-21-JY_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20230801-SJCityHall-21-JY_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/20230801-SJCityHall-21-JY_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pedestrians walk past City Hall in San José, California, on Aug. 1, 2023. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The city council will review Mahan’s initial budget plan on March 17. That vote will be followed by months of hearings and negotiations, before the council votes on a final budget in early June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Tucker, senior union representative for AFSCME Local 101, said there is a “pretty big concern” that layoffs could be coming. AFSCME represents most unionized municipal employees, including workers at San José Mineta International Airport and city libraries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San José already runs with one of the leanest city workforces of any major city in the country,” Tucker said. “So, when budget pressure like this hits, there’s not really a lot of cushion — and what that usually looks like then is reduced library hours and longer response times for services.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.sanjoseca.gov/home/showpublisheddocument/128789/639081378653070000\">budget forecast\u003c/a> released last week, San José’s city manager wrote that while city revenues are only slightly lower than anticipated last year, projected expenditures are running $54.2 million higher — largely driven by increases in employee compensation and retirement contributions.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Last fall, the city council unanimously approved a new contract with San José’s police union with wage increases of 7%, 5% and 3%, which will cost an \u003ca href=\"https://sanjose.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=14792860&GUID=534B17E5-8894-4197-B2DE-396CB354F373\">estimated\u003c/a> $14.3 million in the upcoming fiscal year, according to the city’s director of human resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The forecast also pointed to the cost of the city’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12072666/san-jose-mayor-matt-mahan-wants-to-be-governor-heres-a-look-into-his-signature-homelessness-program\">interim housing program\u003c/a>, which has rapidly expanded during Mahan’s time as mayor to include nearly 2,200 shelter spots across a network of tiny homes, converted motels and RV parking lots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of interim housing costs are covered using money in a voter-approved homeless fund — the result of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026437/san-jose-mayor-proposes-permanent-shift-homeless-funding-from-housing-shelter\">previous\u003c/a> budget \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043418/san-jose-council-approves-mahans-shelter-enforcement-plan\">debates\u003c/a> during Mahan’s tenure. But operating costs for the shelters are currently projected to outstrip that Measure E funding, requiring a projected $15 million infusion from the general fund in the upcoming budget year and $29 million in 2027-28.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have essentially shifted all of that money to [interim housing], and it is still not enough,” Councilmember Pamela Campos said in an interview. “It is unsustainable to be addressing our homelessness crisis at a level that is so focused on one faction of the issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan has described those forecasts as “pessimistic” and is promising to drive down interim housing costs by re-bidding contracts, obtaining funding from the state government and Santa Clara County and exploring the idea of charging interim housing residents a fee for their stay or having them assume maintenance tasks at the properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As we complete this phase of shelter expansion, we are shifting focus to system optimization: building on our progress by lowering operating costs without compromising outcomes,” Mahan wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042506\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042506\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250529-SJARRESTSHELTERVOTE-14-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250529-SJARRESTSHELTERVOTE-14-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250529-SJARRESTSHELTERVOTE-14-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250529-SJARRESTSHELTERVOTE-14-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250529-SJARRESTSHELTERVOTE-14-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250529-SJARRESTSHELTERVOTE-14-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250529-SJARRESTSHELTERVOTE-14-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An interim housing site is built near an unhoused community along the Guadalupe River in San José on May 29, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>City budget analysts are projecting that this year’s shortfall will be followed by smaller deficits of $26.8 million in 2027-28 and $11.8 million in 2028-29, before expected surpluses at the end of the decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Retirement costs, the subject of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10656386/san-joses-long-and-winding-road-to-pension-reform-takes-another-turn\">bitter political fights\u003c/a> last decade, are expected to decrease in future budget years — from $405.1 million in 2026-27 to $382.6 million in 2030-31.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, labor relations remain a volatile political issue in California’s third-largest city.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In 2023, Mahan was the lone vote against a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11958290/san-jose-city-council-approves-agreements-with-unions-to-avoid-strike\">wage agreement\u003c/a> with two unions representing nearly 4,500 city workers that narrowly avoided a strike. In a recent interview with KQED’s \u003cem>Political Breakdown\u003c/em>, Mahan said the city’s current fiscal outlook has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12075490/san-jose-mayor-matt-mahan-positions-himself-as-a-change-candidate-in-governors-race\">vindicated\u003c/a> him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over my warning, our council, under an incredible amount of pressure from some of our unions, gave a 14.5% raise over three years,” Mahan said. “This year we will be cutting services, we will be laying off unionized workers as a result, and it was avoidable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tucker, the union representative, called Mahan’s comment “concerning.” He pointed to the wage increase for police officers and questioned the administration’s downtown spending related to major sporting events and future upgrades to the SAP Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the city can spend on hockey arena upgrades and global events like the Super Bowl and the World Cup and March Madness, it should be able to fund the workforce that continues to deliver services,” Tucker said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new infusion of tax revenue could be on the way to help ease future cuts. City leaders are asking San José voters to approve a 2% increase in the city’s hotel tax that could raise $10 million annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A Campbell townhome complex that broke ground on Friday tests \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11970993/these-new-california-housing-laws-are-going-into-effect-in-2024\">a 2023 state law\u003c/a> designed to fast-track small-scale homeownership opportunities for middle-income families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The six-unit Mercury Lane Townhomes, located at 300 Redding Road in Campbell, is believed to be the first construction under \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB684\">SB 684\u003c/a>, a state law known as California’s Starter Home Revitalization Act, state Sen. Anna Caballero said Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SB 684 streamlines permitting for qualified projects that have two to ten units, like Mercury Lane, bypassing the public hearings and environmental reviews typically required for a new development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Units are expected to be completed in early 2027 with projected prices starting at around $1.15 million — well below the median home price in Campbell, which exceeds $1.8 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today’s event represents progress, partnership and practical solutions to California’s housing shortage,” said Caballero, who authored the bill, at the Friday groundbreaking ceremony. “Proof that smart policy can translate into real homes for real families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075717\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075717\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/Site-Aerial-Photo.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/Site-Aerial-Photo.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/Site-Aerial-Photo-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/Site-Aerial-Photo-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/Site-Aerial-Photo-1200x675.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The lot at 300 Redding Road in Campbell, where the Mercury Lane Townhomes will be built. Construction broke ground on Friday, March 6, 2026. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of AlphaX RE Capital)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nolan Gray, California YIMBY’s senior director of legislation and research, said the bill was designed to mitigate the lengthy approval process that otherwise \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11965492/san-francisco-takes-forever-to-approve-new-housing-california-officials-are-forcing-change\">slows down\u003c/a> construction across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11985468/map-what-you-need-to-earn-to-afford-a-median-priced-home-in-your-county-in-california\">Homeownership in California\u003c/a> has become increasingly out of reach, as the state holds the second-lowest homeownership rate in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s median home price is roughly eight times higher than the state’s median household income. Homeownership has skewed older, with younger buyers often banking on inherited wealth or property to get a foothold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You essentially need intergenerational wealth to become a homeowner, or you have to sort of morbidly wait for your parents to pass away and inherit their home,” said Gray.[aside postID=news_12075043 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/026_KQED_Vallejo_FactoryOS_08062020_qed.jpg']“This is not how we’re going to build the next generation of middle-class California families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under standard permitting, projects can face months or years of discretionary review, environmental analysis and potential litigation, Gray said. SB 684 created what is known as ministerial review — meaning if a project meets the legal requirements, it must be approved within 60 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s impossible to scale housing production as long as you have these sorts of delays,” Gray said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campbell Mayor Daniel Furtado said projects like Mercury Lane are precisely what the city needs. Campbell, a city of about 47,000 in Santa Clara County, already has roughly equal shares of single-family and multi-family housing. Campbell is the first city in Santa Clara County with a state-certified housing plan and a pro-housing designation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project’s developer, AlphaX RE Capital, is a Silicon Valley firm that has used new state housing laws to build more than 500 units. In this case, the company submitted its application under SB 684 in January 2025 and received approval eight months later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruby Huo, a director at the firm, said the streamlined process led to a viable project that would have otherwise been financially unworkable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075718\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075718\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/Stephanie-Yi.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/Stephanie-Yi.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/Stephanie-Yi-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/Stephanie-Yi-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stephanie Yi, founder and CEO of AlphaX RE Capital, speaks at the groundbreaking ceremony for Mercury Lane Townhomes in Campbell on Friday, March 6, 2026. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of AlphaX RE Capital)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Huo said the streamlined review process helped the developer and builder reduce the holding and financing costs. Each unit will range from roughly 1,400 to nearly 2,000 square feet, with floor plans offering three or four bedrooms and two-car garages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AlphaX said that midway through construction, it plans to open an interest list for buyers, with a focus on younger families and first-time buyers. Huo said the firm is already using the same state law as it works on about 20 similar projects across the Bay Area, including four additional developments in Campbell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California YIMBY’s Muhammad Alameldin noted that while 60-day approval is a meaningful step forward, housing advocates would like to see more aggressive policy changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our goal here is for homes to be approved within 24 hours, just like it is in many other states,” he said. “This is a good start, but we’re in a housing crisis, and we’re treating it like a crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A Campbell townhome complex that broke ground on Friday tests \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11970993/these-new-california-housing-laws-are-going-into-effect-in-2024\">a 2023 state law\u003c/a> designed to fast-track small-scale homeownership opportunities for middle-income families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The six-unit Mercury Lane Townhomes, located at 300 Redding Road in Campbell, is believed to be the first construction under \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB684\">SB 684\u003c/a>, a state law known as California’s Starter Home Revitalization Act, state Sen. Anna Caballero said Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SB 684 streamlines permitting for qualified projects that have two to ten units, like Mercury Lane, bypassing the public hearings and environmental reviews typically required for a new development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Units are expected to be completed in early 2027 with projected prices starting at around $1.15 million — well below the median home price in Campbell, which exceeds $1.8 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today’s event represents progress, partnership and practical solutions to California’s housing shortage,” said Caballero, who authored the bill, at the Friday groundbreaking ceremony. “Proof that smart policy can translate into real homes for real families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075717\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075717\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/Site-Aerial-Photo.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/Site-Aerial-Photo.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/Site-Aerial-Photo-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/Site-Aerial-Photo-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/Site-Aerial-Photo-1200x675.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The lot at 300 Redding Road in Campbell, where the Mercury Lane Townhomes will be built. Construction broke ground on Friday, March 6, 2026. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of AlphaX RE Capital)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nolan Gray, California YIMBY’s senior director of legislation and research, said the bill was designed to mitigate the lengthy approval process that otherwise \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11965492/san-francisco-takes-forever-to-approve-new-housing-california-officials-are-forcing-change\">slows down\u003c/a> construction across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11985468/map-what-you-need-to-earn-to-afford-a-median-priced-home-in-your-county-in-california\">Homeownership in California\u003c/a> has become increasingly out of reach, as the state holds the second-lowest homeownership rate in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s median home price is roughly eight times higher than the state’s median household income. Homeownership has skewed older, with younger buyers often banking on inherited wealth or property to get a foothold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You essentially need intergenerational wealth to become a homeowner, or you have to sort of morbidly wait for your parents to pass away and inherit their home,” said Gray.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“This is not how we’re going to build the next generation of middle-class California families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under standard permitting, projects can face months or years of discretionary review, environmental analysis and potential litigation, Gray said. SB 684 created what is known as ministerial review — meaning if a project meets the legal requirements, it must be approved within 60 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s impossible to scale housing production as long as you have these sorts of delays,” Gray said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campbell Mayor Daniel Furtado said projects like Mercury Lane are precisely what the city needs. Campbell, a city of about 47,000 in Santa Clara County, already has roughly equal shares of single-family and multi-family housing. Campbell is the first city in Santa Clara County with a state-certified housing plan and a pro-housing designation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project’s developer, AlphaX RE Capital, is a Silicon Valley firm that has used new state housing laws to build more than 500 units. In this case, the company submitted its application under SB 684 in January 2025 and received approval eight months later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruby Huo, a director at the firm, said the streamlined process led to a viable project that would have otherwise been financially unworkable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075718\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075718\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/Stephanie-Yi.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/Stephanie-Yi.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/Stephanie-Yi-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/Stephanie-Yi-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stephanie Yi, founder and CEO of AlphaX RE Capital, speaks at the groundbreaking ceremony for Mercury Lane Townhomes in Campbell on Friday, March 6, 2026. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of AlphaX RE Capital)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Huo said the streamlined review process helped the developer and builder reduce the holding and financing costs. Each unit will range from roughly 1,400 to nearly 2,000 square feet, with floor plans offering three or four bedrooms and two-car garages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AlphaX said that midway through construction, it plans to open an interest list for buyers, with a focus on younger families and first-time buyers. Huo said the firm is already using the same state law as it works on about 20 similar projects across the Bay Area, including four additional developments in Campbell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California YIMBY’s Muhammad Alameldin noted that while 60-day approval is a meaningful step forward, housing advocates would like to see more aggressive policy changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our goal here is for homes to be approved within 24 hours, just like it is in many other states,” he said. “This is a good start, but we’re in a housing crisis, and we’re treating it like a crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "a-year-after-ice-detained-south-bay-immigrant-family-trauma-lingers",
"title": "A Year After ICE Detained South Bay Immigrant, Family Trauma Lingers",
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"headTitle": "A Year After ICE Detained South Bay Immigrant, Family Trauma Lingers | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>SUNNYVALE — Sitting on the sofa in her \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/sunnyvale\">Sunnyvale\u003c/a> apartment, Aby Peña blew a kiss into her pink cellphone as she said goodbye to her husband, Ulises Peña López, 2,000 miles away in Uruapan, Mexico. It wasn’t their first call of the day, and it wouldn’t be their last. They’ve talked often since Ulises, 31, was deported in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been a year since the couple woke up together in this apartment and began what they thought would be a mundane morning of family errands. Ulises, a carpenter, went downstairs to warm up the car, while Aby got their then-3-year-old daughter Emily ready.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An hour later, Ulises would be \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12028303/ice-arrest-left-bay-area-man-hospitalized-struggling-breathe-attorney-says\">in the emergency room\u003c/a> at El Camino Health in Mountain View, barely conscious, with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers stationed near his bed. His lawyers would later tell a court that ICE agents had beaten Ulises so severely he suffered a heart attack and a stroke, allegations the agency has denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Aby would be on the phone with the local Rapid Response Network, frantically trying to locate her husband while soothing her wailing daughter, who had watched from the window as the agents forced her father from the car at gunpoint, wrestled him into handcuffs and drove away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happened that February day, in the early weeks of President Donald Trump’s second term, prefigured the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/10/13/nx-s1-5566785/ice-dhs-immigration-tactics-more-violent\">often-violent immigration arrests\u003c/a> that have unfolded across the country over the past year. And the lasting trauma, upheaval and financial strain for this one Bay Area family is an early example of how Trump’s campaign of mass deportation has upended life for countless American children and families in the months that followed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, the right side of my body is paralyzed. I’ve lost vision and hearing and sensation,” Ulises said by phone from Mexico. “Before that day, I was a normal person working in construction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 400,000 people were arrested by ICE last year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/trump-2-immigration-1st-year\">more than four times\u003c/a> the number in 2024. Public attention has focused on the crackdown in cities like Los Angeles and Minneapolis, where federal agents have killed at least two people and observers have documented their use of aggressive tactics. But even in Northern California, where a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12061294/federal-immigration-agents-in-the-bay-what-we-know-and-dont-know\">planned Border Patrol\u003c/a> surge was called off at the last minute last fall, immigration arrests have more than doubled. Ulises’ detention was just one of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074619\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074619\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-04-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-04-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-04-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-04-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aby Peña leaves her husband’s belongings as he left them at their home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. Her husband, Ulises Peña Lopez, was deported to Mexico after being taken into ICE custody outside their home in February 2025, leaving his wife and young daughter in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With the help of pro bono lawyers, Ulises has appealed his deportation and the family has filed personal injury claims against ICE. KQED reviewed legal filings in those cases, as well as government documents, and interviewed Ulises, Aby, their lawyers and outside experts about what the last year has been like for the family and how it illustrates \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/12/25/nx-s1-5645006/how-trumps-mass-deportation-efforts-have-affected-families-this-year#:~:text=Transcript-,The%20centerpiece%20of%20the%20Trump%20administration's%20second%20term%20has%20been,Good%20morning.\">what is now unfolding\u003c/a> for tens of thousands of other families across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under previous administrations, ICE sometimes violated the civil rights of immigrants — and its own policies — said Elena Hodges, an immigration attorney with Pangea Legal Services who’s part of the team representing Ulises. But now the intensity is escalating, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This level of violence is becoming more common and is increasingly embraced as just the routine course of operations,” she said. “High-profile harms to people, where they end up in the hospital, their car window is smashed … that tracks with a new level of political acceptance and encouragement that we’re seeing from the Trump administration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past year, the administration has \u003ca href=\"https://www.epi.org/policywatch/trump-administration-closes-three-dhs-offices-focused-on-civil-rights-and-oversight/\">dismantled\u003c/a> many of the internal watchdog offices at the Department of Homeland Security, enabling agents to act with impunity, said Doris Meissner, a senior fellow at the non-partisan Migration Policy Institute in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we are seeing them be more aggressive and less likely to be called to account,” Meissner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The arrest\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It was a little after 7 a.m. on Feb. 21, 2025. Ulises was in the carport starting up his red Ford Explorer when unmarked SUVs suddenly blocked him in and armed men surrounded the car, shouting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s when it all started,” Ulises said. He said officers yelled racist epithets, pushed him to the ground, kicked him, then yanked him up and handcuffed him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said they did not show a warrant (the administrative warrant ICE eventually produced was dated four days after the arrest).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074621\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074621\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-09-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-09-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-09-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-09-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aby Peña sits in the kitchen at her home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Aby looked on in horror from the terrace outside their second-floor apartment as her daughter watched from the window.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just remember seeing him shaking really bad,” she said. “I didn’t know, was it a panic attack or what was happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aby said she screamed to the agents that Ulises had a life-threatening medical condition and an important appointment the following day. Doctors had recently diagnosed a tear inside an artery in his neck that put him at risk of a stroke, court filings show. They were treating him with medications and closely monitoring him, Aby said. As the arrest was unfolding, she ran to the bathroom, threw his prescriptions in a plastic bag and handed them to an officer.[aside postID=news_12073728 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260218-George-Retes-01-KQED.jpg']Ulises said officers drove him to a nearby alley and beat him again, his hands still cuffed behind his back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought they were going to kill me,” he said. “Suddenly, I couldn’t feel anything. I couldn’t see anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He came to with an officer pressing on his chest, performing CPR. He heard another man call an ambulance. The next thing he knew, he was in the hospital, hooked up to tubes and wires and handcuffed to the bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE’s arrest report tells the story differently. There’s no mention of officers striking Ulises. The report said they handcuffed him without incident, but once he was in the ICE vehicle, Ulises told them he had a heart condition and “appeared to be panicking.” They gave him a pill from one of the prescription bottles, but he started coughing and spitting out pill fragments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE said Ulises threw up a red substance and began convulsing, at which point officers uncuffed him and laid him on the ground. He began “violently coughing up phlegm and grabbing his chest,” ICE said. When he lost consciousness, they performed chest compressions until an ambulance arrived, the report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE did not reply to requests for comment for this story. Last year, shortly after the arrest, ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12028303/ice-arrest-left-bay-area-man-hospitalized-struggling-breathe-attorney-says\">responded\u003c/a> to KQED and denied mistreating Ulises. At the time, an ICE spokesperson called the allegation that Ulises was beaten by officers “absolutely inaccurate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The aftermath\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At the hospital, according to Ulises’ appeal to the Ninth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, “his hands and arms were bandaged, his face was swollen, and he could not move his right arm or hand.” A doctor indicated that Ulises had had a heart attack, the brief said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hodges, the attorney, said she waited many hours before ICE allowed her to see her client at the hospital — briefly, with armed officers present. Likewise, she said, ICE prevented him from speaking privately with doctors or his wife. When Aby was finally allowed 30 minutes with him the next morning, ICE officers took her cellphone away so she couldn’t photograph him, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon after, Ulises was transported to Golden State Annex, a privately run immigration jail in northern Kern County, where his lawyers say he didn’t receive consistent medication or meaningful follow-up care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074623\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074623\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-14-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-14-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-14-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-14-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Family photos hang on the wall at Aby Peña and Ulises Peña Lopez’s home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. Peña Lopez was deported to Mexico after being taken into ICE custody outside their home in February 2025, leaving his wife and young daughter in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the following days, ICE took Ulises to a local emergency room twice, for chest pain, trouble breathing and neurological symptoms. “A CT scan confirmed that he had had a stroke — either that day or during his arrest, or both,” according to his legal brief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the nearly eight months Ulises spent in ICE detention, first at Golden State Annex and then east of Bakersfield at the California City Detention Center, his pain and neurological symptoms worsened, Hodges said. He suffered nightmares and flashbacks to the assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ICE officers’ physical assaults and verbal abuse during the arrest, “shock the conscience,” according to his claim for damages under the Federal Tort Claims Act. And California Democrats, including Silicon Valley Rep. Ro Khanna, have recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069220/south-bay-rep-ro-khanna-horrified-after-visit-to-california-city-ice-detention-center\">called out deplorable conditions\u003c/a> at ICE detention centers, including at California City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Ulises said, he walks with a cane, still in pain. Unable to work, he has no health insurance in Mexico. An aunt took him in. And Aby sends some money. But the doctors he needs are expensive, and a two-hour bus ride away in Morelia, the capital of Michoacan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m certain that if I had gotten adequate medical attention at the time, I wouldn’t be suffering like this now,” he said. “It would be a totally different story if I’d gotten care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Those left behind\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s not only the physical ailments that linger. Aggressive immigration enforcement not only harms immigrants, but their family members, many of whom — like Aby and Emily — are U.S.-born citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abrupt family separations are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/66102/how-immigration-raids-traumatize-even-the-youngest-children\">traumatic for children\u003c/a>, said Dr. Lisa Fortuna, who chairs the psychiatry department at UC Riverside. But when a young child like Emily watches the violent arrest of a parent, the experience can leave lasting scars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Providing treatment early and effectively can really help children,” Fortuna said. “But it is an emotional injury nonetheless, and it’s quite serious.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074620\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074620\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-07-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-07-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-07-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-07-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aby Peña holds a pink dress she bought for her daughter’s next birthday at her home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. Her husband, Ulises Peña Lopez, was deported to Mexico after being taken into ICE custody outside their home in February 2025, leaving his wife and young daughter in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Unlike many children who witness immigration arrests, Emily sees a therapist. But the little girl who used to sleep peacefully now wakes up screaming nightly. She’s fearful of strangers and jumpy when a car door slams. A year on, she is still replaying the event in her mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We did a video call just two days ago, and my daughter asked, ‘Papi, are the men going to come back and hit you again? Does it still hurt?’” Ulises said. “That just broke me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dislocation in Emily’s life only compounded after her father’s arrest. Aby, 32, who’d been a stay-at-home mom, had to go back to work as a licensed vocational nurse. Needing child care on an unpredictable schedule, she moved Emily in with her parents in Chico. Aby typically works three 14-hour shifts, then drives the four hours north to spend a couple of days with her daughter before starting the work week again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She doesn’t have me or her dad nearby now,” Aby said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arrangement runs counter to therapists’ suggestion that Emily’s recovery depends on a predictable routine, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She’s always having to say goodbye,” Aby said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Aby is home in Sunnyvale, the apartment feels empty. Her daughter’s closet is still full of toys and small pink dresses. Her husband’s watch is still on his nightstand, his razor in the bathroom – comforting reminders of the life they used to share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pair met a decade ago when she went to a restaurant where he was working. She was in nursing school, and he was training with the carpenters’ union. She admired that he was a hard worker and was happy to find that he loved to cook. When Emily was born, and Aby was recovering from a difficult pregnancy, Ulises soothed the baby to sleep on his chest.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The future\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Ulises was 18 when he came to the U.S. in 2013. According to his appeal to the Ninth Circuit, he was fleeing the Jalisco Cartel after its members extorted his family and beat him, then — when he reported it to the police — murdered his uncle and cousins. Lawyer Priya Patel, with the California Collaborative for Immigrant Justice, believes Ulises should have been considered for asylum at the time. Instead, he was swiftly deported under an expedited removal order. He crossed the border again, undetected, came to the Bay Area and built a life, unaware of that deportation order or the fact that it could be reinstated at any time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal documents show that early last year, ICE’s Law Enforcement Support Center flagged Ulises’ whereabouts for the San Francisco field office. The ICE arrest report mentions several misdemeanor convictions from his 20s. The most serious is a 2019 assault. Patel said Ulises pleaded no contest, following a verbal fight with his wife after he’d been out drinking. He was given a suspended sentence, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074618\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074618\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-02-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-02-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-02-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-02-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aby Peña speaks by phone with her husband, Ulises Peña Lopez, from their home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. Peña Lopez was deported to Mexico after being taken into ICE custody outside their home in February 2025, leaving his wife and young daughter in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There are four convictions, none of them resulted in jail time, other than one day,” Patel said. “And none of it involved physical violence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, the convictions may have marked Ulises as a target for ICE, under priorities spelled out by Trump’s border czar Tom Homan early last year to focus on convicted criminals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homan’s pledge to stay focused on the “worst of the worst” \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12071374/under-trump-ice-is-far-more-likely-to-arrest-people-with-no-criminal-record-data-shows\">buckled\u003c/a> in the face of Trump’s call for a million deportations in his first year, though. As of Jan. 6, just \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/trump-2-immigration-1st-year\">one in four people\u003c/a> in ICE detention had a criminal conviction, according to the Migration Policy Institute. Ulises’ misdemeanors put him in that category.[aside postID=news_12073215 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/CORECIVICCALCITY2-KQED.jpg']That’s likely to make his appeal harder. But his lawyers hope to convince the judges of the Ninth Circuit that Ulises was deported without due consideration of the risk of persecution he faced in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, Aby keeps working to support her daughter and herself and help Ulises get the medical care he needs in Mexico. She wonders if she should move to Chico to be with Emily. And then she wonders if she and Emily should move to Mexico to be with Ulises — though he doesn’t want his daughter to grow up there. Mostly, she’s hoping against hope that her husband will someday be able to return to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trauma and strain Aby, Ulises and Emily are experiencing, a year after the arrest, is multiplied thousands of times across the country, as the government’s mass deportation campaign continues, said Fortuna, the psychiatry professor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a public health issue,” she said. “It’s creating psychological distress, at minimum, for youth and children and families and whole communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the future uncertain, Aby and Ulises try to stay connected through frequent calls and — when his internet connection is strong enough — video chats. And both agree, their prime motivation is ensuring Emily gets well and has a bright future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whenever I call them, I can hear their smiles,” Ulises said. “I know what it means to be a parent: Your children are the engine that drives you, and you never give up. And that’s how it is for my wife and me. Whatever happens, we’re not giving up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>SUNNYVALE — Sitting on the sofa in her \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/sunnyvale\">Sunnyvale\u003c/a> apartment, Aby Peña blew a kiss into her pink cellphone as she said goodbye to her husband, Ulises Peña López, 2,000 miles away in Uruapan, Mexico. It wasn’t their first call of the day, and it wouldn’t be their last. They’ve talked often since Ulises, 31, was deported in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been a year since the couple woke up together in this apartment and began what they thought would be a mundane morning of family errands. Ulises, a carpenter, went downstairs to warm up the car, while Aby got their then-3-year-old daughter Emily ready.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An hour later, Ulises would be \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12028303/ice-arrest-left-bay-area-man-hospitalized-struggling-breathe-attorney-says\">in the emergency room\u003c/a> at El Camino Health in Mountain View, barely conscious, with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers stationed near his bed. His lawyers would later tell a court that ICE agents had beaten Ulises so severely he suffered a heart attack and a stroke, allegations the agency has denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Aby would be on the phone with the local Rapid Response Network, frantically trying to locate her husband while soothing her wailing daughter, who had watched from the window as the agents forced her father from the car at gunpoint, wrestled him into handcuffs and drove away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happened that February day, in the early weeks of President Donald Trump’s second term, prefigured the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/10/13/nx-s1-5566785/ice-dhs-immigration-tactics-more-violent\">often-violent immigration arrests\u003c/a> that have unfolded across the country over the past year. And the lasting trauma, upheaval and financial strain for this one Bay Area family is an early example of how Trump’s campaign of mass deportation has upended life for countless American children and families in the months that followed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, the right side of my body is paralyzed. I’ve lost vision and hearing and sensation,” Ulises said by phone from Mexico. “Before that day, I was a normal person working in construction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 400,000 people were arrested by ICE last year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/trump-2-immigration-1st-year\">more than four times\u003c/a> the number in 2024. Public attention has focused on the crackdown in cities like Los Angeles and Minneapolis, where federal agents have killed at least two people and observers have documented their use of aggressive tactics. But even in Northern California, where a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12061294/federal-immigration-agents-in-the-bay-what-we-know-and-dont-know\">planned Border Patrol\u003c/a> surge was called off at the last minute last fall, immigration arrests have more than doubled. Ulises’ detention was just one of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074619\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074619\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-04-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-04-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-04-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-04-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aby Peña leaves her husband’s belongings as he left them at their home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. Her husband, Ulises Peña Lopez, was deported to Mexico after being taken into ICE custody outside their home in February 2025, leaving his wife and young daughter in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With the help of pro bono lawyers, Ulises has appealed his deportation and the family has filed personal injury claims against ICE. KQED reviewed legal filings in those cases, as well as government documents, and interviewed Ulises, Aby, their lawyers and outside experts about what the last year has been like for the family and how it illustrates \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/12/25/nx-s1-5645006/how-trumps-mass-deportation-efforts-have-affected-families-this-year#:~:text=Transcript-,The%20centerpiece%20of%20the%20Trump%20administration's%20second%20term%20has%20been,Good%20morning.\">what is now unfolding\u003c/a> for tens of thousands of other families across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under previous administrations, ICE sometimes violated the civil rights of immigrants — and its own policies — said Elena Hodges, an immigration attorney with Pangea Legal Services who’s part of the team representing Ulises. But now the intensity is escalating, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This level of violence is becoming more common and is increasingly embraced as just the routine course of operations,” she said. “High-profile harms to people, where they end up in the hospital, their car window is smashed … that tracks with a new level of political acceptance and encouragement that we’re seeing from the Trump administration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past year, the administration has \u003ca href=\"https://www.epi.org/policywatch/trump-administration-closes-three-dhs-offices-focused-on-civil-rights-and-oversight/\">dismantled\u003c/a> many of the internal watchdog offices at the Department of Homeland Security, enabling agents to act with impunity, said Doris Meissner, a senior fellow at the non-partisan Migration Policy Institute in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we are seeing them be more aggressive and less likely to be called to account,” Meissner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The arrest\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It was a little after 7 a.m. on Feb. 21, 2025. Ulises was in the carport starting up his red Ford Explorer when unmarked SUVs suddenly blocked him in and armed men surrounded the car, shouting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s when it all started,” Ulises said. He said officers yelled racist epithets, pushed him to the ground, kicked him, then yanked him up and handcuffed him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said they did not show a warrant (the administrative warrant ICE eventually produced was dated four days after the arrest).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074621\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074621\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-09-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-09-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-09-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-09-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aby Peña sits in the kitchen at her home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Aby looked on in horror from the terrace outside their second-floor apartment as her daughter watched from the window.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just remember seeing him shaking really bad,” she said. “I didn’t know, was it a panic attack or what was happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aby said she screamed to the agents that Ulises had a life-threatening medical condition and an important appointment the following day. Doctors had recently diagnosed a tear inside an artery in his neck that put him at risk of a stroke, court filings show. They were treating him with medications and closely monitoring him, Aby said. As the arrest was unfolding, she ran to the bathroom, threw his prescriptions in a plastic bag and handed them to an officer.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Ulises said officers drove him to a nearby alley and beat him again, his hands still cuffed behind his back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought they were going to kill me,” he said. “Suddenly, I couldn’t feel anything. I couldn’t see anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He came to with an officer pressing on his chest, performing CPR. He heard another man call an ambulance. The next thing he knew, he was in the hospital, hooked up to tubes and wires and handcuffed to the bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE’s arrest report tells the story differently. There’s no mention of officers striking Ulises. The report said they handcuffed him without incident, but once he was in the ICE vehicle, Ulises told them he had a heart condition and “appeared to be panicking.” They gave him a pill from one of the prescription bottles, but he started coughing and spitting out pill fragments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE said Ulises threw up a red substance and began convulsing, at which point officers uncuffed him and laid him on the ground. He began “violently coughing up phlegm and grabbing his chest,” ICE said. When he lost consciousness, they performed chest compressions until an ambulance arrived, the report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE did not reply to requests for comment for this story. Last year, shortly after the arrest, ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12028303/ice-arrest-left-bay-area-man-hospitalized-struggling-breathe-attorney-says\">responded\u003c/a> to KQED and denied mistreating Ulises. At the time, an ICE spokesperson called the allegation that Ulises was beaten by officers “absolutely inaccurate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The aftermath\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At the hospital, according to Ulises’ appeal to the Ninth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, “his hands and arms were bandaged, his face was swollen, and he could not move his right arm or hand.” A doctor indicated that Ulises had had a heart attack, the brief said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hodges, the attorney, said she waited many hours before ICE allowed her to see her client at the hospital — briefly, with armed officers present. Likewise, she said, ICE prevented him from speaking privately with doctors or his wife. When Aby was finally allowed 30 minutes with him the next morning, ICE officers took her cellphone away so she couldn’t photograph him, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon after, Ulises was transported to Golden State Annex, a privately run immigration jail in northern Kern County, where his lawyers say he didn’t receive consistent medication or meaningful follow-up care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074623\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074623\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-14-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-14-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-14-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-14-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Family photos hang on the wall at Aby Peña and Ulises Peña Lopez’s home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. Peña Lopez was deported to Mexico after being taken into ICE custody outside their home in February 2025, leaving his wife and young daughter in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the following days, ICE took Ulises to a local emergency room twice, for chest pain, trouble breathing and neurological symptoms. “A CT scan confirmed that he had had a stroke — either that day or during his arrest, or both,” according to his legal brief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the nearly eight months Ulises spent in ICE detention, first at Golden State Annex and then east of Bakersfield at the California City Detention Center, his pain and neurological symptoms worsened, Hodges said. He suffered nightmares and flashbacks to the assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ICE officers’ physical assaults and verbal abuse during the arrest, “shock the conscience,” according to his claim for damages under the Federal Tort Claims Act. And California Democrats, including Silicon Valley Rep. Ro Khanna, have recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069220/south-bay-rep-ro-khanna-horrified-after-visit-to-california-city-ice-detention-center\">called out deplorable conditions\u003c/a> at ICE detention centers, including at California City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Ulises said, he walks with a cane, still in pain. Unable to work, he has no health insurance in Mexico. An aunt took him in. And Aby sends some money. But the doctors he needs are expensive, and a two-hour bus ride away in Morelia, the capital of Michoacan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m certain that if I had gotten adequate medical attention at the time, I wouldn’t be suffering like this now,” he said. “It would be a totally different story if I’d gotten care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Those left behind\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s not only the physical ailments that linger. Aggressive immigration enforcement not only harms immigrants, but their family members, many of whom — like Aby and Emily — are U.S.-born citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abrupt family separations are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/66102/how-immigration-raids-traumatize-even-the-youngest-children\">traumatic for children\u003c/a>, said Dr. Lisa Fortuna, who chairs the psychiatry department at UC Riverside. But when a young child like Emily watches the violent arrest of a parent, the experience can leave lasting scars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Providing treatment early and effectively can really help children,” Fortuna said. “But it is an emotional injury nonetheless, and it’s quite serious.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074620\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074620\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-07-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-07-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-07-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-07-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aby Peña holds a pink dress she bought for her daughter’s next birthday at her home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. Her husband, Ulises Peña Lopez, was deported to Mexico after being taken into ICE custody outside their home in February 2025, leaving his wife and young daughter in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Unlike many children who witness immigration arrests, Emily sees a therapist. But the little girl who used to sleep peacefully now wakes up screaming nightly. She’s fearful of strangers and jumpy when a car door slams. A year on, she is still replaying the event in her mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We did a video call just two days ago, and my daughter asked, ‘Papi, are the men going to come back and hit you again? Does it still hurt?’” Ulises said. “That just broke me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dislocation in Emily’s life only compounded after her father’s arrest. Aby, 32, who’d been a stay-at-home mom, had to go back to work as a licensed vocational nurse. Needing child care on an unpredictable schedule, she moved Emily in with her parents in Chico. Aby typically works three 14-hour shifts, then drives the four hours north to spend a couple of days with her daughter before starting the work week again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She doesn’t have me or her dad nearby now,” Aby said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arrangement runs counter to therapists’ suggestion that Emily’s recovery depends on a predictable routine, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She’s always having to say goodbye,” Aby said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Aby is home in Sunnyvale, the apartment feels empty. Her daughter’s closet is still full of toys and small pink dresses. Her husband’s watch is still on his nightstand, his razor in the bathroom – comforting reminders of the life they used to share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pair met a decade ago when she went to a restaurant where he was working. She was in nursing school, and he was training with the carpenters’ union. She admired that he was a hard worker and was happy to find that he loved to cook. When Emily was born, and Aby was recovering from a difficult pregnancy, Ulises soothed the baby to sleep on his chest.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The future\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Ulises was 18 when he came to the U.S. in 2013. According to his appeal to the Ninth Circuit, he was fleeing the Jalisco Cartel after its members extorted his family and beat him, then — when he reported it to the police — murdered his uncle and cousins. Lawyer Priya Patel, with the California Collaborative for Immigrant Justice, believes Ulises should have been considered for asylum at the time. Instead, he was swiftly deported under an expedited removal order. He crossed the border again, undetected, came to the Bay Area and built a life, unaware of that deportation order or the fact that it could be reinstated at any time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal documents show that early last year, ICE’s Law Enforcement Support Center flagged Ulises’ whereabouts for the San Francisco field office. The ICE arrest report mentions several misdemeanor convictions from his 20s. The most serious is a 2019 assault. Patel said Ulises pleaded no contest, following a verbal fight with his wife after he’d been out drinking. He was given a suspended sentence, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074618\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074618\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-02-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-02-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-02-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260219-SUNNYVALEDEPORTED-02-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aby Peña speaks by phone with her husband, Ulises Peña Lopez, from their home in Sunnyvale on Feb. 19, 2026. Peña Lopez was deported to Mexico after being taken into ICE custody outside their home in February 2025, leaving his wife and young daughter in the Bay Area. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There are four convictions, none of them resulted in jail time, other than one day,” Patel said. “And none of it involved physical violence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, the convictions may have marked Ulises as a target for ICE, under priorities spelled out by Trump’s border czar Tom Homan early last year to focus on convicted criminals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homan’s pledge to stay focused on the “worst of the worst” \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12071374/under-trump-ice-is-far-more-likely-to-arrest-people-with-no-criminal-record-data-shows\">buckled\u003c/a> in the face of Trump’s call for a million deportations in his first year, though. As of Jan. 6, just \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/trump-2-immigration-1st-year\">one in four people\u003c/a> in ICE detention had a criminal conviction, according to the Migration Policy Institute. Ulises’ misdemeanors put him in that category.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>That’s likely to make his appeal harder. But his lawyers hope to convince the judges of the Ninth Circuit that Ulises was deported without due consideration of the risk of persecution he faced in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, Aby keeps working to support her daughter and herself and help Ulises get the medical care he needs in Mexico. She wonders if she should move to Chico to be with Emily. And then she wonders if she and Emily should move to Mexico to be with Ulises — though he doesn’t want his daughter to grow up there. Mostly, she’s hoping against hope that her husband will someday be able to return to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trauma and strain Aby, Ulises and Emily are experiencing, a year after the arrest, is multiplied thousands of times across the country, as the government’s mass deportation campaign continues, said Fortuna, the psychiatry professor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a public health issue,” she said. “It’s creating psychological distress, at minimum, for youth and children and families and whole communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the future uncertain, Aby and Ulises try to stay connected through frequent calls and — when his internet connection is strong enough — video chats. And both agree, their prime motivation is ensuring Emily gets well and has a bright future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whenever I call them, I can hear their smiles,” Ulises said. “I know what it means to be a parent: Your children are the engine that drives you, and you never give up. And that’s how it is for my wife and me. Whatever happens, we’re not giving up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Macklin Celebrini, 19-year-old Olympian, Catapults the Sharks Into the Spotlight",
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"headTitle": "Macklin Celebrini, 19-year-old Olympian, Catapults the Sharks Into the Spotlight | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>After his first practice with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose-sharks\">San José Sharks\u003c/a> since the Winter Olympics ended, 19-year-old Macklin Celebrini seemed taken aback by the number of cameras there to watch him play.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the most media we have ever had. Ever,” he said Wednesday afternoon with a slight smile and a cut on his cheek from the international games still apparent. “It’s starting to feel like a Canadian market.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The teenage hockey player has become a breakout star for his impressive run in Milan, and his performance has made the Bay Area hyped for his return to the Sharks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the team’s chief marketing officer, Doug Bentz, individual game ticket sales for the Sharks are up 56% over last year, and Celebrini’s Team Canada jerseys sold out in less than an hour. Four of the six home games after the Olympics are almost or already sold out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would tell people, ‘If you want to come see Macklin live, get tickets as soon as possible,’” Bentz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/real_max_miller/status/2027218208667914508?s=46&t=7BBzFwo6eYLzJIVfAlumEQ\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with being one of the youngest players in men’s ice hockey on the global stage, Celebrini led \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhl.com/news/macklin-celebrini-back-with-san-jose-sharks-learned-a-lot-at-olympics-in-milan\">the Olympic tournament with five goals in six games\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/Jackie_Redmond/status/2024951958952370547\">a surprisingly large amount of playing time\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Celebrini even had American fans rooting for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was amazing. He was playing like crazy out there,” said J’lah Johnson of Modesto, a fan of both men’s and women’s ice hockey. “I’m Canadian at heart for Celebrini!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/leavetowns/status/2027222292061999414?s=46&t=7BBzFwo6eYLzJIVfAlumEQ\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the Sharks lost their first game after the Olympics on Thursday night, the excitement around Celebrini has fans starting to rank him among the Bay’s notable stars like the Warriors’ Stephen Curry and fellow Olympians \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12074589/olympic-star-alysa-liu-is-back-in-the-bay-and-oakland-is-ready-to-celebrate\">Alysa Liu\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://time.com/7355691/eileen-gu-interview-2026-olympics/\">Eileen Gu\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope that energy [from Milan] still translates for us back home,” Johnson said. “Prior to the Olympics, none of my friends could name a player. But a few of them have asked me — since they know I’m really into it — ‘Oh, do you know Celebrini?’ I’m like, ‘Oh, here we go.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>New attention\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to Bentz, Celebrini has “exploded both locally and outside of the market.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look over basically one year, the average daily mentions for Macklin versus his average during the Olympics” saw about a 420% increase in articles and social media posts, Bentz said. The Sharks’ own social media engagement went up as well, despite not posting as much during the Olympics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074750\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074750\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/Macklin-Celebrini-Getty-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1326\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/Macklin-Celebrini-Getty-2.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/Macklin-Celebrini-Getty-2-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/Macklin-Celebrini-Getty-2-1536x1018.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brady Tkachuk #7 of Team United States blocks a shot by Macklin Celebrini #17 of Team Canada during the Men’s Gold Medal match on day 16 of the Milano Cortina 2026 Winter Olympic Games at Milano Santagiulia Ice Hockey Arena on Feb. 22, 2026, in Milan, Italy. The United States defeated Canada 2-1 in overtime. \u003ccite>(Bruce Bennett/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Devoted Sharks fans seemed shocked by the newfound attention and by the fact that Sharks in-jokes have \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/dewties/status/2026104664668639461?s=46&t=7BBzFwo6eYLzJIVfAlumEQ\">“breached containment.”\u003c/a> A major example: A team-sponsored fundraiser where fellow player Will Smith \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/reel/DVJ_Xj7EhJ9/\">seemingly volunteered Celebrini\u003c/a> for an \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/Frost_Cupcake/status/2026354390924407265?s=20\">“elevated cupcake experience”\u003c/a> at a San José bakery right after Canada’s loss to the U.S. in the gold medal game has become a meme-worthy moment, with posts about it attracting over \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@butterflybridgers/video/7609885938067574029\">259,000 likes on TikTok\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>New fans\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Hockey has seen an uptick of interest among the American mainstream audience, especially after the success of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/transcripts/nx-s1-5637480\">the television series \u003cem>Heated Rivalry\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, the Olympics and gold from both U.S. men’s and women’s teams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the American men’s ice hockey team is also facing some backlash after players celebrated their win \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2026/02/25/nx-s1-5724942/fbi-directors-leadership-questioned-after-partying-with-the-us-mens-hockey-team\">with FBI Director Kash Patel \u003c/a>and laughed at a comment made by President Donald Trump that \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2026/02/25/sport/hilary-knight-president-trump-distasteful-joke\">slighted the women’s team\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074937\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074937\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/Macklin-Celebrini-Getty-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/Macklin-Celebrini-Getty-3.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/Macklin-Celebrini-Getty-3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/Macklin-Celebrini-Getty-3-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Left to right) Silver medalists Bo Horvat #14, Macklin Celebrini #17 and Thomas Harley #20 of Team Canada react during the medal ceremony following the Men’s Gold Medal match between Canada and the United States on day 16 of the Milano Cortina 2026 Winter Olympic Games at Milano Santagiulia Ice Hockey Arena on Feb. 22, 2026, in Milan, Italy. \u003ccite>(Bruce Bennett/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When thinking about new fans who are just getting into hockey, Johnson said that “this is still one of the most conservative sports and has not always been super open.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She recommended that fans “find your community within the community,” and noted that there is a growing number of LGBTQ+ fans and fans of color, “so our voices are a little bit more heard, whether it’s on social media or in person.”[aside postID=news_12074589 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/AlysaLiuGetty3.jpg']Old and new fans alike are waiting to see if the Sharks, with their talented young roster, have what it takes to make it to the playoffs this year — something \u003ca href=\"https://sanjosehockeynow.com/san-jose-sharks-celebrini-askarov-nedeljkovic-playoffs/\">they haven’t done since 2019.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The anticipation has also added pressure on the teen player, which made some fans worried for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his part, Celebrini said on Wednesday he is “excited to start playing again” with the Sharks and bring the mindset he’s learned from some of the best players at the Olympics to San José.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’ll be hoping for a turnaround after Canada’s silver-medal finish, a feeling that he said will stick with him forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of those guys I looked up to my whole childhood, and it was an honor to play with them and be around them every single day,” the Vancouver-born athlete said. “But it sucks. It’s a little sour that you look back at it and just didn’t get the job done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After his first practice with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose-sharks\">San José Sharks\u003c/a> since the Winter Olympics ended, 19-year-old Macklin Celebrini seemed taken aback by the number of cameras there to watch him play.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the most media we have ever had. Ever,” he said Wednesday afternoon with a slight smile and a cut on his cheek from the international games still apparent. “It’s starting to feel like a Canadian market.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The teenage hockey player has become a breakout star for his impressive run in Milan, and his performance has made the Bay Area hyped for his return to the Sharks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the team’s chief marketing officer, Doug Bentz, individual game ticket sales for the Sharks are up 56% over last year, and Celebrini’s Team Canada jerseys sold out in less than an hour. Four of the six home games after the Olympics are almost or already sold out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would tell people, ‘If you want to come see Macklin live, get tickets as soon as possible,’” Bentz said.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Along with being one of the youngest players in men’s ice hockey on the global stage, Celebrini led \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhl.com/news/macklin-celebrini-back-with-san-jose-sharks-learned-a-lot-at-olympics-in-milan\">the Olympic tournament with five goals in six games\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/Jackie_Redmond/status/2024951958952370547\">a surprisingly large amount of playing time\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Celebrini even had American fans rooting for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was amazing. He was playing like crazy out there,” said J’lah Johnson of Modesto, a fan of both men’s and women’s ice hockey. “I’m Canadian at heart for Celebrini!”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>While the Sharks lost their first game after the Olympics on Thursday night, the excitement around Celebrini has fans starting to rank him among the Bay’s notable stars like the Warriors’ Stephen Curry and fellow Olympians \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12074589/olympic-star-alysa-liu-is-back-in-the-bay-and-oakland-is-ready-to-celebrate\">Alysa Liu\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://time.com/7355691/eileen-gu-interview-2026-olympics/\">Eileen Gu\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope that energy [from Milan] still translates for us back home,” Johnson said. “Prior to the Olympics, none of my friends could name a player. But a few of them have asked me — since they know I’m really into it — ‘Oh, do you know Celebrini?’ I’m like, ‘Oh, here we go.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>New attention\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to Bentz, Celebrini has “exploded both locally and outside of the market.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look over basically one year, the average daily mentions for Macklin versus his average during the Olympics” saw about a 420% increase in articles and social media posts, Bentz said. The Sharks’ own social media engagement went up as well, despite not posting as much during the Olympics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074750\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074750\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/Macklin-Celebrini-Getty-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1326\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/Macklin-Celebrini-Getty-2.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/Macklin-Celebrini-Getty-2-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/Macklin-Celebrini-Getty-2-1536x1018.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brady Tkachuk #7 of Team United States blocks a shot by Macklin Celebrini #17 of Team Canada during the Men’s Gold Medal match on day 16 of the Milano Cortina 2026 Winter Olympic Games at Milano Santagiulia Ice Hockey Arena on Feb. 22, 2026, in Milan, Italy. The United States defeated Canada 2-1 in overtime. \u003ccite>(Bruce Bennett/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Devoted Sharks fans seemed shocked by the newfound attention and by the fact that Sharks in-jokes have \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/dewties/status/2026104664668639461?s=46&t=7BBzFwo6eYLzJIVfAlumEQ\">“breached containment.”\u003c/a> A major example: A team-sponsored fundraiser where fellow player Will Smith \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/reel/DVJ_Xj7EhJ9/\">seemingly volunteered Celebrini\u003c/a> for an \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/Frost_Cupcake/status/2026354390924407265?s=20\">“elevated cupcake experience”\u003c/a> at a San José bakery right after Canada’s loss to the U.S. in the gold medal game has become a meme-worthy moment, with posts about it attracting over \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@butterflybridgers/video/7609885938067574029\">259,000 likes on TikTok\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>New fans\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Hockey has seen an uptick of interest among the American mainstream audience, especially after the success of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/transcripts/nx-s1-5637480\">the television series \u003cem>Heated Rivalry\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, the Olympics and gold from both U.S. men’s and women’s teams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the American men’s ice hockey team is also facing some backlash after players celebrated their win \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2026/02/25/nx-s1-5724942/fbi-directors-leadership-questioned-after-partying-with-the-us-mens-hockey-team\">with FBI Director Kash Patel \u003c/a>and laughed at a comment made by President Donald Trump that \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2026/02/25/sport/hilary-knight-president-trump-distasteful-joke\">slighted the women’s team\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074937\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074937\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/Macklin-Celebrini-Getty-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/Macklin-Celebrini-Getty-3.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/Macklin-Celebrini-Getty-3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/Macklin-Celebrini-Getty-3-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Left to right) Silver medalists Bo Horvat #14, Macklin Celebrini #17 and Thomas Harley #20 of Team Canada react during the medal ceremony following the Men’s Gold Medal match between Canada and the United States on day 16 of the Milano Cortina 2026 Winter Olympic Games at Milano Santagiulia Ice Hockey Arena on Feb. 22, 2026, in Milan, Italy. \u003ccite>(Bruce Bennett/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When thinking about new fans who are just getting into hockey, Johnson said that “this is still one of the most conservative sports and has not always been super open.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She recommended that fans “find your community within the community,” and noted that there is a growing number of LGBTQ+ fans and fans of color, “so our voices are a little bit more heard, whether it’s on social media or in person.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Old and new fans alike are waiting to see if the Sharks, with their talented young roster, have what it takes to make it to the playoffs this year — something \u003ca href=\"https://sanjosehockeynow.com/san-jose-sharks-celebrini-askarov-nedeljkovic-playoffs/\">they haven’t done since 2019.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The anticipation has also added pressure on the teen player, which made some fans worried for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his part, Celebrini said on Wednesday he is “excited to start playing again” with the Sharks and bring the mindset he’s learned from some of the best players at the Olympics to San José.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’ll be hoping for a turnaround after Canada’s silver-medal finish, a feeling that he said will stick with him forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of those guys I looked up to my whole childhood, and it was an honor to play with them and be around them every single day,” the Vancouver-born athlete said. “But it sucks. It’s a little sour that you look back at it and just didn’t get the job done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "housing-advocates-call-this-big-plot-of-san-jose-land-the-most-important-in-a-century",
"title": "Housing Advocates Call This Big Plot of San José Land the Most Important in a Century",
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"headTitle": "Housing Advocates Call This Big Plot of San José Land the Most Important in a Century | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Whether the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bay-area\">Bay Area\u003c/a>’s biggest city can meet its lofty housing goals to help cool a red-hot affordability crisis in the coming years could hinge on the fate of a former golf course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Housing advocates say the 113-acre former Pleasant Hills Golf Course in East San José, a huge plot of open land that shuttered in 2004, has the potential to become a thriving new neighborhood with several thousand homes or more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But neighbors and some city officials are not as keen to stack the site so densely over concerns about worsening traffic congestion and maintaining the area’s character.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San José is still way behind. It’s way behind on its housing, and it’s way behind on its thinking about what development should look like,” said Alex Shoor, the executive director of Catalyze SV, a pro-housing group in Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We either build a lot of housing on this site, and we’re actually serious about solving the housing crisis, or we have elected officials and civic leaders who continue to pay lip service to housing while doing nowhere near enough to solve the real issues,” Shoor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José could make a big dent in its state-mandated housing target to create 62,200 homes between 2023 and 2031 — a goal it is presently not on pace to meet — if it takes a full swing on the former course and pushes for roughly 6,000 homes, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074334\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074334\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-22-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-22-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-22-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-22-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A pedestrian walks by a sign reading “Notice of Development Proposal” covered in graffiti at the site of the former Pleasant Hills Golf Course in San José on Feb. 23, 2026. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Like much of the Bay Area, San José doesn’t have many large tracts of developable land left in its urban areas, making the golf course all the more appealing to housing advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This development should be a walkable, dense, vibrant neighborhood where shops, workplaces and housing and recreation space should all be next to each other. That is how centuries of housing and communities have been built. And it is how you create the most safe, sustainable and dynamic neighborhoods,” Shoor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The course opened in 1960 and closed in 2004, according to the city. The family that owns the land said it shut down due to rising costs and changing interests, \u003ca href=\"https://sanjosespotlight.com/san-jose-officials-want-denser-housing-on-former-golf-course/\">San José Spotlight\u003c/a> reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A proposal from Mark Lazzarini and Tony Arreola, two prominent South Bay real estate investors, initially contemplated about 1,700 homes, largely plotted out as single-family homes or townhomes, but was reworked to propose 2,000 homes in recent months, after city planning staff urged the pair to boost the density as high as 2,850 homes.[aside postID=news_12069836 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/251208-DOWNTOWN-WEST-MD-08-KQED.jpg']City planners have also said the project should include a significant number of affordable homes, commercial space and park or open space, and provide easier connections to the nearby Eastridge Transit Center and Lake Cunningham.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some neighbors worry the city is being too prescriptive about what the developer should build.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Reese, a leader of the District Eight Community Roundtable, which represents several neighborhood associations in the area, said the project needs to be consistent with the existing single-family home communities in the area. He pointed to city studies that show denser mid-rise projects often don’t pencil out for developers under current market conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reese said Shoor and a group of like-minded community organizations calling for very dense housing on the land are oversimplifying a complex situation. A more realistic project, in his view, should be in the realm of 1,300 or 1,700 homes, on the high end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s one thing to have capacity, but we need to have something actually get built,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the [San José City] Council is going to have to be focused on whether they want a chicken in the pot or turkey in the bush,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The site, while fully bounded by the city of San José, is currently an unincorporated part of Santa Clara County, and the county’s housing goals imagine the potential for up to 2,850 homes on the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074333\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-18-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-18-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-18-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-18-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An open grassy area at the former Pleasant Hills Golf Course in San José on Feb. 23, 2026. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If it were to be developed, City Planning Director Chris Burton said the property would need to be annexed into the city, and it’s not yet clear how the city and the county would divvy up the housing totals toward their respective targets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not very often we get 110 acres,” Burton said. “Obviously, the market wants to drive to feasibility, which at this moment in time tends to be at lower densities. Certainly, the neighborhood is concerned about the impacts of more units in the area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he also noted that market conditions that determine financing for housing projects can shift, and any large project on the site would take many years to build, in phases.[aside postID=news_12069608 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/019_KQED_RichmondHousing_08162022_qed.jpg']“From a city perspective, we really don’t see the future of building out the city around single-family homes and lower densities. We’ve got to continue to maximize opportunity to add,” he said. “But in a process like this, we have to balance all of those interests.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Converting golf courses and sprawling private recreational spaces into havens of housing and retail is not a new idea, particularly in places where development tends to happen as infill in small pockets. But like in San José, some communities oppose the idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just over the border from San José in Santa Clara, developers are planning \u003ca href=\"https://www.santaclaraca.gov/Home/Components/BusinessDirectory/BusinessDirectory/531/2495?npage=4\">316 apartments\u003c/a> on a portion of the popular nine-hole Pruneridge Golf Course, which already has older housing stock woven into it. That project doesn’t plan to replace the course, but will require a reconfiguration of three holes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Brentwood in the East Bay, voters overwhelmingly chose in a 2022 ballot measure to restrict potential developments across several golf course properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in San Diego, a developer is working to replace the Riverwalk Golf Club with 4,300 residential units, more than 150,000 square feet of retail space and 1 million square feet of office space, plus nearly 100 acres of green space, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/2025/10/28/riverwalk-developer-secures-380m-resumes-construction-on-mission-valley-project/\">The San Diego Union-Tribune\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San José, the Pleasant Hills Golf Course proposal is still undergoing environmental review. A formal vote to greenlight a final version of the project isn’t likely to happen this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074330\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12074330 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-09-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-09-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-09-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-09-BL-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An open grassy area at the former Pleasant Hills Golf Course in San José on Feb. 23, 2026. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>District 8 City Councilmember Domingo Candelas, who represents the area where the land sits, said there are still many questions to be answered, and declined to say how big or dense the project should be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I firmly believe we’re not going to solve our housing crisis with this single project,” Candelas said. “I remain fully committed to finding a thoughtful, responsible solution that addresses this crisis while protecting the quality of life of our neighborhoods and of our neighbors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shoor said the housing crisis in Silicon Valley — with average homes in San José valued at roughly $1.4 million — and the Bay Area needs to be treated with more urgency by officials around the region, and compared the situation to California’s drought cycles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we don’t build enough housing on Pleasant Hills, it’s like we’re in a drought, and we say, ‘One day of rain will be OK. If we just get a day of rainfall, we’ll get back to where we need to go,’” Shoor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we need is a rainstorm of housing,” he said. “We need a deluge of new housing to provide for the people who are already here, the people growing up here, the people who are trying to move back here, and the new immigrants who deserve to be here, as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Whether the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bay-area\">Bay Area\u003c/a>’s biggest city can meet its lofty housing goals to help cool a red-hot affordability crisis in the coming years could hinge on the fate of a former golf course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Housing advocates say the 113-acre former Pleasant Hills Golf Course in East San José, a huge plot of open land that shuttered in 2004, has the potential to become a thriving new neighborhood with several thousand homes or more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But neighbors and some city officials are not as keen to stack the site so densely over concerns about worsening traffic congestion and maintaining the area’s character.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San José is still way behind. It’s way behind on its housing, and it’s way behind on its thinking about what development should look like,” said Alex Shoor, the executive director of Catalyze SV, a pro-housing group in Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We either build a lot of housing on this site, and we’re actually serious about solving the housing crisis, or we have elected officials and civic leaders who continue to pay lip service to housing while doing nowhere near enough to solve the real issues,” Shoor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José could make a big dent in its state-mandated housing target to create 62,200 homes between 2023 and 2031 — a goal it is presently not on pace to meet — if it takes a full swing on the former course and pushes for roughly 6,000 homes, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074334\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074334\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-22-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-22-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-22-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-22-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A pedestrian walks by a sign reading “Notice of Development Proposal” covered in graffiti at the site of the former Pleasant Hills Golf Course in San José on Feb. 23, 2026. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Like much of the Bay Area, San José doesn’t have many large tracts of developable land left in its urban areas, making the golf course all the more appealing to housing advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This development should be a walkable, dense, vibrant neighborhood where shops, workplaces and housing and recreation space should all be next to each other. That is how centuries of housing and communities have been built. And it is how you create the most safe, sustainable and dynamic neighborhoods,” Shoor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The course opened in 1960 and closed in 2004, according to the city. The family that owns the land said it shut down due to rising costs and changing interests, \u003ca href=\"https://sanjosespotlight.com/san-jose-officials-want-denser-housing-on-former-golf-course/\">San José Spotlight\u003c/a> reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A proposal from Mark Lazzarini and Tony Arreola, two prominent South Bay real estate investors, initially contemplated about 1,700 homes, largely plotted out as single-family homes or townhomes, but was reworked to propose 2,000 homes in recent months, after city planning staff urged the pair to boost the density as high as 2,850 homes.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>City planners have also said the project should include a significant number of affordable homes, commercial space and park or open space, and provide easier connections to the nearby Eastridge Transit Center and Lake Cunningham.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some neighbors worry the city is being too prescriptive about what the developer should build.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Reese, a leader of the District Eight Community Roundtable, which represents several neighborhood associations in the area, said the project needs to be consistent with the existing single-family home communities in the area. He pointed to city studies that show denser mid-rise projects often don’t pencil out for developers under current market conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reese said Shoor and a group of like-minded community organizations calling for very dense housing on the land are oversimplifying a complex situation. A more realistic project, in his view, should be in the realm of 1,300 or 1,700 homes, on the high end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s one thing to have capacity, but we need to have something actually get built,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the [San José City] Council is going to have to be focused on whether they want a chicken in the pot or turkey in the bush,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The site, while fully bounded by the city of San José, is currently an unincorporated part of Santa Clara County, and the county’s housing goals imagine the potential for up to 2,850 homes on the site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074333\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-18-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-18-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-18-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-18-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An open grassy area at the former Pleasant Hills Golf Course in San José on Feb. 23, 2026. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If it were to be developed, City Planning Director Chris Burton said the property would need to be annexed into the city, and it’s not yet clear how the city and the county would divvy up the housing totals toward their respective targets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not very often we get 110 acres,” Burton said. “Obviously, the market wants to drive to feasibility, which at this moment in time tends to be at lower densities. Certainly, the neighborhood is concerned about the impacts of more units in the area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he also noted that market conditions that determine financing for housing projects can shift, and any large project on the site would take many years to build, in phases.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“From a city perspective, we really don’t see the future of building out the city around single-family homes and lower densities. We’ve got to continue to maximize opportunity to add,” he said. “But in a process like this, we have to balance all of those interests.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Converting golf courses and sprawling private recreational spaces into havens of housing and retail is not a new idea, particularly in places where development tends to happen as infill in small pockets. But like in San José, some communities oppose the idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just over the border from San José in Santa Clara, developers are planning \u003ca href=\"https://www.santaclaraca.gov/Home/Components/BusinessDirectory/BusinessDirectory/531/2495?npage=4\">316 apartments\u003c/a> on a portion of the popular nine-hole Pruneridge Golf Course, which already has older housing stock woven into it. That project doesn’t plan to replace the course, but will require a reconfiguration of three holes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Brentwood in the East Bay, voters overwhelmingly chose in a 2022 ballot measure to restrict potential developments across several golf course properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in San Diego, a developer is working to replace the Riverwalk Golf Club with 4,300 residential units, more than 150,000 square feet of retail space and 1 million square feet of office space, plus nearly 100 acres of green space, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/2025/10/28/riverwalk-developer-secures-380m-resumes-construction-on-mission-valley-project/\">The San Diego Union-Tribune\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San José, the Pleasant Hills Golf Course proposal is still undergoing environmental review. A formal vote to greenlight a final version of the project isn’t likely to happen this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074330\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12074330 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-09-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-09-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-09-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260223-PLEASANTHILLSDEV-09-BL-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An open grassy area at the former Pleasant Hills Golf Course in San José on Feb. 23, 2026. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>District 8 City Councilmember Domingo Candelas, who represents the area where the land sits, said there are still many questions to be answered, and declined to say how big or dense the project should be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I firmly believe we’re not going to solve our housing crisis with this single project,” Candelas said. “I remain fully committed to finding a thoughtful, responsible solution that addresses this crisis while protecting the quality of life of our neighborhoods and of our neighbors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shoor said the housing crisis in Silicon Valley — with average homes in San José valued at roughly $1.4 million — and the Bay Area needs to be treated with more urgency by officials around the region, and compared the situation to California’s drought cycles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we don’t build enough housing on Pleasant Hills, it’s like we’re in a drought, and we say, ‘One day of rain will be OK. If we just get a day of rainfall, we’ll get back to where we need to go,’” Shoor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we need is a rainstorm of housing,” he said. “We need a deluge of new housing to provide for the people who are already here, the people growing up here, the people who are trying to move back here, and the new immigrants who deserve to be here, as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "a-south-bay-mystery-what-happened-to-all-the-tree-frogs",
"title": "A South Bay Mystery: What Happened to All the Tree Frogs?",
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"headTitle": "A South Bay Mystery: What Happened to All the Tree Frogs? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>View the full episode transcript.\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Springtime in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bay-area\">Bay Area\u003c/a> brings with it lush green landscapes, vibrant wildflowers and buds breaking open on trees. And in some places, the soundtrack to all that visual beauty is the chorusing of tree frogs, which can be incredibly loud in the spring when they mate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our local frog is the Pacific tree frog. They may sound mighty, but they’re not your stereotypical big, bloated bullfrogs. They’re little green frogs, just a couple of inches long, with bulging eyes and giant toe pads that allow them to climb trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I used to wonder how people that lived next to them could sleep in the springtime because the frogs were so loud,” said Bay Curious listener Dave Ellis, who grew up in the South Bay city of Saratoga.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dave grew up a quarter mile from a creek, which runs through West Valley College. He said he used to be able to hear the loud chorus of frogs all the way from his house, and would sometimes venture to the creek in search of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, even though he still lives nearby, he never hears them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074229\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_006-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074229\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_006-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_006-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_006-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_006-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Leticia Gallardo, a biology professor at West Valley College, points out fungi growing on bark to student Galen Ventresca during a frog hunt on Feb. 19, 2026, at West Valley College in Saratoga. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s so weird, it used to be so loud this time of year, and it’s just dead silent,” he said. “All of a sudden, the silence was just deafening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, now Dave’s wondering, what happened to the tree frogs?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The decline of amphibians\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are many possible explanations for the disappearance of the tree frogs in Dave’s neighborhood, making it hard to pinpoint an exact cause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One is the use of pesticides on the West Valley College campus, through which the creek runs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12055329 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250811-WILD-BOAR-OSA-03-KQED.jpg']“West Valley College uses limited pesticides in specific locations on campus when necessary,” a spokesperson for the college wrote in an email. “All applications are performed by licensed professionals and in accordance with California state regulations and safety guidelines.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pesticides could inflict direct harm on frogs, or they could kill the insects the frogs rely on for food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another possible contributor could be changes in habitat over time. For example, perhaps West Valley College has paved over certain parts of the creekbed, or disturbed it in some other way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you bulldoze or cover in concrete a creek bed, then a lot of times you’ll wipe out the water-loving species, including amphibians,” said Emily Taylor, a biology professor at Cal Poly who specializes in reptiles and amphibians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frogs are particularly vulnerable to changes in their environment because they have permeable skin, which makes them susceptible to many toxins and diseases. Some scientists even refer to them as canaries in the coal mine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s why both locally here in California, as well as globally, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06578-4\">amphibians are on the decline\u003c/a>, in large part due to habitat destruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We used to, up until literally just a couple hundred years ago, have this vast untouched landscape full of pristine wetlands,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074233\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_014-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074233\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_014-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_014-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_014-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_014-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Pacific tree frog sits inside a sprinkler box on campus after West Valley College student Galen Ventresca discovered it during a frog hunt on Feb. 19, 2026, at West Valley College in Saratoga. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, much of that habitat has been paved over for interstate freeways and housing developments, or cultivated for farmland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that time, the climate has also changed a lot, which has led to more drought. Frogs need wet environments to survive, and drought poses real danger to them over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New diseases have cropped up as well, including one caused by the \u003ca href=\"https://cisr.ucr.edu/invasive-species/chytrid-fungus\">chytrid fungus\u003c/a>, which affects frogs’ skin and prevents them from regulating their water intake. The chytrid fungus is a major factor in amphibian declines around the world, as well as here in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at California frogs in general, more than half of them are threatened or endangered,” Taylor said. “It’s really dire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>A resilient species\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Interestingly, though, that global trend doesn’t apply to the Pacific tree frog species, the one that Dave grew up hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, statewide, the population is thriving.[aside postID=news_12052988 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250804-BC-BIODIVERSITY-01-KQED.jpg']“They are known for being very resilient,” Taylor said. “So whereas other species of frogs have become locally extinct in certain areas, Pacific chorus frogs are doing very well still.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their propensity for living in urban areas, including under garden hose drips, in backyard water features and small creeks, has made them resilient to all the changes the Bay Area has seen over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which means the fact that Dave isn’t hearing those specific frogs anymore means there’s something going on more locally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that’s actually something that’s really concerning, because this is probably one of the most resilient amphibian species that we have,” Taylor said. “So if it is being impacted, then that does imply that there’s probably something amiss in that particular neighborhood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luckily, Taylor said, the solution to bringing them back is quite simple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the best thing people can do to encourage a thriving tree frog population in their neighborhoods is avoid pesticide use, have a water feature and plant native plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: If you grew up here in the Bay Area … or if you’ve lived here a long time … I bet this sound is familiar to you:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sounds of Pacific tree frogs chorusing\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: Tree frogs. A quintessential soundtrack to the Bay Area. These aren’t your stereotypical big, bloated bullfrogs. They’re little green frogs just a couple inches long, with bulging eyes and giant toe pads that allow them to climb trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re especially noisy during the springtime, which is their mating season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dave Ellis: \u003c/strong>I used to wonder how people that lived next to them could sleep in the springtime because the frogs were so loud. It was really cool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: Dave Ellis grew up in the South Bay city of Saratoga.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dave Ellis: \u003c/strong>We live about a quarter mile from the creek, and you could hear the tree frogs that far away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: When he was a kid, he used to go to the creek, which ran through a community college campus, to try to see the frogs for himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dave Ellis:\u003c/strong> We used to go to West Valley College and we used to catch them in the creek there um because they had like a little bridge you could climb down it was really easy to get into the creek um and you could hear lots of them there too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: Dave still lives in Saratoga, not too far from that creek. But now, come springtime, it’s silent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dave Ellis:\u003c/strong> It’s so weird, it used to be so loud this time of year, and it’s just dead silent. All of a sudden, the silence was just deafening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: He says he has hardly heard a single frog sound for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dave Ellis:\u003c/strong> So I was wondering what happened. I mean, it could be pesticides. It could be climate change. It could mean, who knows, but it’s such a dramatic change because for years and years and probably before we moved here when I was a kid, even there was tree frogs and now there’s like literally none. There’s not a single one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: Dave’s question won a public voting round at BayCurious.org. Which reminds me, head over to Bay Curious dot org to cast your vote in this month’s contest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bay Curious theme music\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: I’m Olivia Allen-Price, and today on Bay Curious, we look into the mystery of the disappearing tree frogs. We’ll visit that creek on the West Valley College campus … and enlist the help of some students … all to find out what happened to the tree frogs. Stay with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sponsor message\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: This week, we’re looking into the odd lack of tree frog choruses that one Bay Curious listener has noticed. We sent Bay Curious reporter Dana Cronin on a hunt to find out what’s going on with the tree frogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin:\u003c/strong> I can totally relate to Dave’s nostalgia for the sound of frogs in the springtime. I, too, grew up across the street from some frogs. I’m not sure how many of them there were, but boy, were they loud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I figured the best way to find out what happened to Dave’s frogs was to go straight to the source.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I headed to the West Valley College campus — the one in the neighborhood where Dave grew up, with the creek running through it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin (in scene):\u003c/strong> So this is the creek?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>This is the Creek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>I met up with West Valley College biology professor Leticia Gallardo … who has agreed to go on this frog hunt with me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>I thought we’d walk up a little bit farther up … We have a little, bit of a wetland. I’m hoping we might have some luck looking for some frogs up there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin (in scene): \u003c/strong>That sounds great!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>So, we set off. It’s early fall, which isn’t the best time of year to be looking for them since it’s so dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But nonetheless, Professor Gallardo tells me we’re looking for the Pacific tree frog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo:\u003c/strong> Their characteristic look is this black stripe over their eye. So if you see a little frog, maybe about two inches or so, with a black almost mask. Over their face, you’re probably looking at a tree frog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>Pacific tree frogs like living in cool, wet environments. In creekbeds … but even underneath a drip from a garden hose, or in a fountain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And we’re keeping our ears — as well as our eyes — peeled. Because even though these frogs are small, their sound is mighty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo:\u003c/strong> In fact, it’s the frog that Hollywood records right in the hills. And so they call it sometimes the Hollywood frog because when you hear frogs in the background of a movie or a TV show, is oftentimes that Pacific tree frog. That’s the one chorusing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>We walk along the creek, which winds through campus. We pass by classrooms, walk through a mini golf course, all the while looking for frog habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Professor Gallardo spots a utility box, makes a beeline for it, and turns it over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo:\u003c/strong> They sometimes hang out in the nice little cozy, moist utility box. They like those.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>But not today. So, we keep walking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo:\u003c/strong> Do you hear that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin (in scene):\u003c/strong> Yeah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>We think we hear one. So we start to follow the sound back down to the creek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo:\u003c/strong> I was trying to find a spot that doesn’t have as much poison oak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>But someone — ahem, me — wasn’t willing to brave the poison oak. So we keep walking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Professor Gallardo has one more spot in mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>The next spot where there’s water, we might get lucky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin (in scene):\u003c/strong> Sure, let’s do it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sounds of running water\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>We start walking back downstream, and get to a part of the creek where there’s a slow, steady drip – IDEAL frog habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>I thought I heard one. Were you recording?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin (in scene):\u003c/strong> I was, I didn’t hear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo:\u003c/strong> You didn’t hear it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin (in scene):\u003c/strong> No. Now we’re imagining frogs. (laughs)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>We wait in silence, hoping for just one croak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin (in scene): \u003c/strong>Well dang, it might be a strikeout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>No frogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>I’m bummed. But Professor Gallardo is more than bummed; she seems disturbed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo:\u003c/strong> It just seems that there should be something in here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>After all, this little creek is perfect habitat for tree frogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, where are they all?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Music starts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>Dave’s right. What was once a booming tree frog population at West Valley College seems to have been nearly erased.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it’s difficult to pinpoint exactly what happened to this particular population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But still, I tried by asking Emily Taylor, a biology professor at Cal Poly, who specializes in amphibians and reptiles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Taylor: \u003c/strong>So my guess would be that they could be declining in some areas due to a combination of increased pesticide use, possibly. Which could be directly harming them, or it could be killing the insects that they rely on for food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>Indeed, there was a noticeable lack of bugs along the creekbed at West Valley College.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And sure enough, when I asked, a West Valley spokesperson said the college quote “uses limited pesticides in specific locations on campus when necessary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Professor Taylor said the decline could also be due to habitat changes in the creek bed where these frogs used to live. Like, maybe the college has paved over certain parts of it or has disturbed it in some other way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Taylor:\u003c/strong> If you bulldoze or cover in concrete a creek bed to manage the watersheds, then a lot of times you’ll wipe out the water-loving species, including amphibians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>Frogs in general are especially vulnerable to changes in their environment because they have permeable skin, which makes them susceptible to certain types of toxins and also disease. Some scientists even refer to them as canaries in the coal mine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s why both locally here in California and globally, amphibians are on the decline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because think about how much things have changed here for frogs over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Taylor:\u003c/strong> We used to, up until literally just a couple hundred years ago, like pre-Gold Rush era, have just this vast untouched landscape full of pristine wetlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>We’ve destroyed a lot of that habitat over time to make room for interstate freeways, housing developments and farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in that time, our climate has also changed a lot, leading to more drought, which — as we’ve learned — is not good for frogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New diseases have cropped up over time as well, including one caused by the chytrid fungus, which affects frogs’ skin and prevents them from regulating their water intake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chytrid fungus is a major factor in amphibian declines around the world and here in California, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Taylor:\u003c/strong> If you look at California frogs in general, more than half of them are threatened or endangered. It’s really dire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>But interestingly, Pacific tree frogs — the ones that Dave asked about — are not threatened or endangered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, their population is thriving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Taylor:\u003c/strong> They are known for being very resilient. So, whereas other species of frogs have become locally extinct in certain areas, Pacific chorus frogs are doing very well still.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>Professor Taylor says their propensity for living in urban areas … including under garden hose drips, in backyard water features, and small creeks has made them resilient to all the changes the Bay Area has seen over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the fact that Dave’s not hearing his neighborhood frogs anymore means there’s something going on more locally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Taylor: \u003c/strong>I think that’s actually something that’s really concerning, because this is probably one of the most resilient amphibian species that we have. And so if it is being impacted, then that does imply that there’s probably something amiss in that particular neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>The good news is that the solution is also pretty hyperlocal. Dave doesn’t need to solve climate change or cure any diseases to bring his neighborhood frogs back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The solution is actually quite simple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Taylor:\u003c/strong> The best thing people can do, really, is to plant native plants in your yard, have a water feature, and really avoid pesticide use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sounds of flowing water\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>Which is exactly what Leticia Gallardo has done at West Valley College.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo:\u003c/strong> This little plant right in here, this big-leafed, low-growing plant, is called yerba mansa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>Professor Gallardo and her students have been working on installing native gardens for the past few years. They want to create habitat for all kinds of native critters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’re starting to see results! Just this year, a monarch butterfly caterpillar affixed its chrysalis to a big metal pole right outside their classroom. It’s the first time they’ve seen a monarch on campus, and they’re very protective of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Student Melanie Zarza reads me a sign that students pinned up next to the chrysalis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Melanie Zarza:\u003c/strong> “This is a monarch butterfly chrysalis. He is cooking. Don’t bug him If you hurt this little creature the entire biology department will have beef with you and you and will release the curse of Ra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>As Melanie and I are admiring the chrysalis, Professor Gallardo is examining the native milkweed they have planted in the garden nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>There’s more caterpillars!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Melanie Zarza: \u003c/strong>Really?!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>There are more of them, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>There’s an itty bitty tiny one right here. …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Melanie Zarza: \u003c/strong>There’s one right there, under you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>You see another one?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Melanie Zarza:\u003c/strong> Yeah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>Oh my God, oh my God! There’s more!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>We fan out and start peeking under leaves and closely examining stalks — and we keep seeing more and more caterpillars, with vibrant yellow, black and white stripes lining their chunky bodies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Melanie Zarza: \u003c/strong>So, how many do we have now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>I think we should count them. Oh, look, there’s another one. Oh my god, that’s so exciting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>It’s amazing when you like, spend so much time planting and like waiting for the critters to come and then they come. It makes it all worth it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin (in scene): \u003c/strong>Do you think this could be? I mean, not that it has to be all about the frogs, but do you think that this could be an indication that the frog species here on campus could start to really come back?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>Well, I think if you restore the habitat, you make a home for them, you make space for them. Yeah. If we can have less contaminants going into that creek, it’s totally hospitable. They are really adaptable, generalized little critters, And so I think they totally could.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin (in scene): \u003c/strong>Fingers crossed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>Sure enough, a couple months after my visit to West Valley College, I got an email from Professor Gallardo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said that winter rains brought out some frogs and that they’re now consistently hearing a few frogs in the gardens and the creek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not a huge chorus yet, she said, not like the one that Dave remembers. But it’s a step in that direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: That was KQED’s Dana Cronin. Thanks to Dave Ellis for asking this week’s question, which won a public voting round on Bay Curious dot org. There’s still time left to vote in February’s contest, so head on over and cast your vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member-supported KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our show is produced by Katrina Schwartz, Christopher Beale and me, Olivia Allen-Price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With extra support from Maha Sanad, Katie Sprenger, Jen Chien, Ethan Toven-Lindsey and everyone on team KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some members of the KQED podcast team are represented by The Screen Actors Guild, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists. San Francisco Northern California Local.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m Olivia Allen-Price. Have a wonderful week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>View the full episode transcript.\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Springtime in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bay-area\">Bay Area\u003c/a> brings with it lush green landscapes, vibrant wildflowers and buds breaking open on trees. And in some places, the soundtrack to all that visual beauty is the chorusing of tree frogs, which can be incredibly loud in the spring when they mate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our local frog is the Pacific tree frog. They may sound mighty, but they’re not your stereotypical big, bloated bullfrogs. They’re little green frogs, just a couple of inches long, with bulging eyes and giant toe pads that allow them to climb trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I used to wonder how people that lived next to them could sleep in the springtime because the frogs were so loud,” said Bay Curious listener Dave Ellis, who grew up in the South Bay city of Saratoga.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dave grew up a quarter mile from a creek, which runs through West Valley College. He said he used to be able to hear the loud chorus of frogs all the way from his house, and would sometimes venture to the creek in search of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, even though he still lives nearby, he never hears them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074229\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_006-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074229\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_006-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_006-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_006-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_006-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Leticia Gallardo, a biology professor at West Valley College, points out fungi growing on bark to student Galen Ventresca during a frog hunt on Feb. 19, 2026, at West Valley College in Saratoga. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s so weird, it used to be so loud this time of year, and it’s just dead silent,” he said. “All of a sudden, the silence was just deafening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, now Dave’s wondering, what happened to the tree frogs?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The decline of amphibians\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are many possible explanations for the disappearance of the tree frogs in Dave’s neighborhood, making it hard to pinpoint an exact cause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One is the use of pesticides on the West Valley College campus, through which the creek runs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“West Valley College uses limited pesticides in specific locations on campus when necessary,” a spokesperson for the college wrote in an email. “All applications are performed by licensed professionals and in accordance with California state regulations and safety guidelines.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pesticides could inflict direct harm on frogs, or they could kill the insects the frogs rely on for food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another possible contributor could be changes in habitat over time. For example, perhaps West Valley College has paved over certain parts of the creekbed, or disturbed it in some other way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you bulldoze or cover in concrete a creek bed, then a lot of times you’ll wipe out the water-loving species, including amphibians,” said Emily Taylor, a biology professor at Cal Poly who specializes in reptiles and amphibians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frogs are particularly vulnerable to changes in their environment because they have permeable skin, which makes them susceptible to many toxins and diseases. Some scientists even refer to them as canaries in the coal mine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s why both locally here in California, as well as globally, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06578-4\">amphibians are on the decline\u003c/a>, in large part due to habitat destruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We used to, up until literally just a couple hundred years ago, have this vast untouched landscape full of pristine wetlands,” Taylor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074233\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_014-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074233\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_014-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_014-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_014-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/021926_TREEFROG-_GH_014-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Pacific tree frog sits inside a sprinkler box on campus after West Valley College student Galen Ventresca discovered it during a frog hunt on Feb. 19, 2026, at West Valley College in Saratoga. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, much of that habitat has been paved over for interstate freeways and housing developments, or cultivated for farmland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that time, the climate has also changed a lot, which has led to more drought. Frogs need wet environments to survive, and drought poses real danger to them over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New diseases have cropped up as well, including one caused by the \u003ca href=\"https://cisr.ucr.edu/invasive-species/chytrid-fungus\">chytrid fungus\u003c/a>, which affects frogs’ skin and prevents them from regulating their water intake. The chytrid fungus is a major factor in amphibian declines around the world, as well as here in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at California frogs in general, more than half of them are threatened or endangered,” Taylor said. “It’s really dire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>A resilient species\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Interestingly, though, that global trend doesn’t apply to the Pacific tree frog species, the one that Dave grew up hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, statewide, the population is thriving.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“They are known for being very resilient,” Taylor said. “So whereas other species of frogs have become locally extinct in certain areas, Pacific chorus frogs are doing very well still.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their propensity for living in urban areas, including under garden hose drips, in backyard water features and small creeks, has made them resilient to all the changes the Bay Area has seen over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which means the fact that Dave isn’t hearing those specific frogs anymore means there’s something going on more locally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that’s actually something that’s really concerning, because this is probably one of the most resilient amphibian species that we have,” Taylor said. “So if it is being impacted, then that does imply that there’s probably something amiss in that particular neighborhood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luckily, Taylor said, the solution to bringing them back is quite simple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the best thing people can do to encourage a thriving tree frog population in their neighborhoods is avoid pesticide use, have a water feature and plant native plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-content post-body\">\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: If you grew up here in the Bay Area … or if you’ve lived here a long time … I bet this sound is familiar to you:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sounds of Pacific tree frogs chorusing\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: Tree frogs. A quintessential soundtrack to the Bay Area. These aren’t your stereotypical big, bloated bullfrogs. They’re little green frogs just a couple inches long, with bulging eyes and giant toe pads that allow them to climb trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re especially noisy during the springtime, which is their mating season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dave Ellis: \u003c/strong>I used to wonder how people that lived next to them could sleep in the springtime because the frogs were so loud. It was really cool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: Dave Ellis grew up in the South Bay city of Saratoga.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dave Ellis: \u003c/strong>We live about a quarter mile from the creek, and you could hear the tree frogs that far away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: When he was a kid, he used to go to the creek, which ran through a community college campus, to try to see the frogs for himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dave Ellis:\u003c/strong> We used to go to West Valley College and we used to catch them in the creek there um because they had like a little bridge you could climb down it was really easy to get into the creek um and you could hear lots of them there too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: Dave still lives in Saratoga, not too far from that creek. But now, come springtime, it’s silent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dave Ellis:\u003c/strong> It’s so weird, it used to be so loud this time of year, and it’s just dead silent. All of a sudden, the silence was just deafening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: He says he has hardly heard a single frog sound for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dave Ellis:\u003c/strong> So I was wondering what happened. I mean, it could be pesticides. It could be climate change. It could mean, who knows, but it’s such a dramatic change because for years and years and probably before we moved here when I was a kid, even there was tree frogs and now there’s like literally none. There’s not a single one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: Dave’s question won a public voting round at BayCurious.org. Which reminds me, head over to Bay Curious dot org to cast your vote in this month’s contest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bay Curious theme music\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: I’m Olivia Allen-Price, and today on Bay Curious, we look into the mystery of the disappearing tree frogs. We’ll visit that creek on the West Valley College campus … and enlist the help of some students … all to find out what happened to the tree frogs. Stay with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sponsor message\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: This week, we’re looking into the odd lack of tree frog choruses that one Bay Curious listener has noticed. We sent Bay Curious reporter Dana Cronin on a hunt to find out what’s going on with the tree frogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin:\u003c/strong> I can totally relate to Dave’s nostalgia for the sound of frogs in the springtime. I, too, grew up across the street from some frogs. I’m not sure how many of them there were, but boy, were they loud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I figured the best way to find out what happened to Dave’s frogs was to go straight to the source.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I headed to the West Valley College campus — the one in the neighborhood where Dave grew up, with the creek running through it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin (in scene):\u003c/strong> So this is the creek?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>This is the Creek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>I met up with West Valley College biology professor Leticia Gallardo … who has agreed to go on this frog hunt with me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>I thought we’d walk up a little bit farther up … We have a little, bit of a wetland. I’m hoping we might have some luck looking for some frogs up there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin (in scene): \u003c/strong>That sounds great!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>So, we set off. It’s early fall, which isn’t the best time of year to be looking for them since it’s so dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But nonetheless, Professor Gallardo tells me we’re looking for the Pacific tree frog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo:\u003c/strong> Their characteristic look is this black stripe over their eye. So if you see a little frog, maybe about two inches or so, with a black almost mask. Over their face, you’re probably looking at a tree frog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>Pacific tree frogs like living in cool, wet environments. In creekbeds … but even underneath a drip from a garden hose, or in a fountain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And we’re keeping our ears — as well as our eyes — peeled. Because even though these frogs are small, their sound is mighty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo:\u003c/strong> In fact, it’s the frog that Hollywood records right in the hills. And so they call it sometimes the Hollywood frog because when you hear frogs in the background of a movie or a TV show, is oftentimes that Pacific tree frog. That’s the one chorusing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>We walk along the creek, which winds through campus. We pass by classrooms, walk through a mini golf course, all the while looking for frog habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Professor Gallardo spots a utility box, makes a beeline for it, and turns it over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo:\u003c/strong> They sometimes hang out in the nice little cozy, moist utility box. They like those.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>But not today. So, we keep walking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo:\u003c/strong> Do you hear that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin (in scene):\u003c/strong> Yeah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>We think we hear one. So we start to follow the sound back down to the creek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo:\u003c/strong> I was trying to find a spot that doesn’t have as much poison oak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>But someone — ahem, me — wasn’t willing to brave the poison oak. So we keep walking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Professor Gallardo has one more spot in mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>The next spot where there’s water, we might get lucky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin (in scene):\u003c/strong> Sure, let’s do it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sounds of running water\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>We start walking back downstream, and get to a part of the creek where there’s a slow, steady drip – IDEAL frog habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>I thought I heard one. Were you recording?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin (in scene):\u003c/strong> I was, I didn’t hear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo:\u003c/strong> You didn’t hear it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin (in scene):\u003c/strong> No. Now we’re imagining frogs. (laughs)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>We wait in silence, hoping for just one croak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin (in scene): \u003c/strong>Well dang, it might be a strikeout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>No frogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>I’m bummed. But Professor Gallardo is more than bummed; she seems disturbed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo:\u003c/strong> It just seems that there should be something in here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>After all, this little creek is perfect habitat for tree frogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, where are they all?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Music starts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>Dave’s right. What was once a booming tree frog population at West Valley College seems to have been nearly erased.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it’s difficult to pinpoint exactly what happened to this particular population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But still, I tried by asking Emily Taylor, a biology professor at Cal Poly, who specializes in amphibians and reptiles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Taylor: \u003c/strong>So my guess would be that they could be declining in some areas due to a combination of increased pesticide use, possibly. Which could be directly harming them, or it could be killing the insects that they rely on for food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>Indeed, there was a noticeable lack of bugs along the creekbed at West Valley College.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And sure enough, when I asked, a West Valley spokesperson said the college quote “uses limited pesticides in specific locations on campus when necessary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Professor Taylor said the decline could also be due to habitat changes in the creek bed where these frogs used to live. Like, maybe the college has paved over certain parts of it or has disturbed it in some other way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Taylor:\u003c/strong> If you bulldoze or cover in concrete a creek bed to manage the watersheds, then a lot of times you’ll wipe out the water-loving species, including amphibians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>Frogs in general are especially vulnerable to changes in their environment because they have permeable skin, which makes them susceptible to certain types of toxins and also disease. Some scientists even refer to them as canaries in the coal mine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that’s why both locally here in California and globally, amphibians are on the decline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because think about how much things have changed here for frogs over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Taylor:\u003c/strong> We used to, up until literally just a couple hundred years ago, like pre-Gold Rush era, have just this vast untouched landscape full of pristine wetlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>We’ve destroyed a lot of that habitat over time to make room for interstate freeways, housing developments and farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in that time, our climate has also changed a lot, leading to more drought, which — as we’ve learned — is not good for frogs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New diseases have cropped up over time as well, including one caused by the chytrid fungus, which affects frogs’ skin and prevents them from regulating their water intake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chytrid fungus is a major factor in amphibian declines around the world and here in California, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Taylor:\u003c/strong> If you look at California frogs in general, more than half of them are threatened or endangered. It’s really dire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>But interestingly, Pacific tree frogs — the ones that Dave asked about — are not threatened or endangered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, their population is thriving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Taylor:\u003c/strong> They are known for being very resilient. So, whereas other species of frogs have become locally extinct in certain areas, Pacific chorus frogs are doing very well still.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>Professor Taylor says their propensity for living in urban areas … including under garden hose drips, in backyard water features, and small creeks has made them resilient to all the changes the Bay Area has seen over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the fact that Dave’s not hearing his neighborhood frogs anymore means there’s something going on more locally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Taylor: \u003c/strong>I think that’s actually something that’s really concerning, because this is probably one of the most resilient amphibian species that we have. And so if it is being impacted, then that does imply that there’s probably something amiss in that particular neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>The good news is that the solution is also pretty hyperlocal. Dave doesn’t need to solve climate change or cure any diseases to bring his neighborhood frogs back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The solution is actually quite simple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Taylor:\u003c/strong> The best thing people can do, really, is to plant native plants in your yard, have a water feature, and really avoid pesticide use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sounds of flowing water\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>Which is exactly what Leticia Gallardo has done at West Valley College.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo:\u003c/strong> This little plant right in here, this big-leafed, low-growing plant, is called yerba mansa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>Professor Gallardo and her students have been working on installing native gardens for the past few years. They want to create habitat for all kinds of native critters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they’re starting to see results! Just this year, a monarch butterfly caterpillar affixed its chrysalis to a big metal pole right outside their classroom. It’s the first time they’ve seen a monarch on campus, and they’re very protective of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Student Melanie Zarza reads me a sign that students pinned up next to the chrysalis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Melanie Zarza:\u003c/strong> “This is a monarch butterfly chrysalis. He is cooking. Don’t bug him If you hurt this little creature the entire biology department will have beef with you and you and will release the curse of Ra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>As Melanie and I are admiring the chrysalis, Professor Gallardo is examining the native milkweed they have planted in the garden nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>There’s more caterpillars!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Melanie Zarza: \u003c/strong>Really?!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>There are more of them, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>There’s an itty bitty tiny one right here. …\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Melanie Zarza: \u003c/strong>There’s one right there, under you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>You see another one?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Melanie Zarza:\u003c/strong> Yeah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>Oh my God, oh my God! There’s more!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>We fan out and start peeking under leaves and closely examining stalks — and we keep seeing more and more caterpillars, with vibrant yellow, black and white stripes lining their chunky bodies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Melanie Zarza: \u003c/strong>So, how many do we have now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>I think we should count them. Oh, look, there’s another one. Oh my god, that’s so exciting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>It’s amazing when you like, spend so much time planting and like waiting for the critters to come and then they come. It makes it all worth it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin (in scene): \u003c/strong>Do you think this could be? I mean, not that it has to be all about the frogs, but do you think that this could be an indication that the frog species here on campus could start to really come back?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Leticia Gallardo: \u003c/strong>Well, I think if you restore the habitat, you make a home for them, you make space for them. Yeah. If we can have less contaminants going into that creek, it’s totally hospitable. They are really adaptable, generalized little critters, And so I think they totally could.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin (in scene): \u003c/strong>Fingers crossed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dana Cronin: \u003c/strong>Sure enough, a couple months after my visit to West Valley College, I got an email from Professor Gallardo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said that winter rains brought out some frogs and that they’re now consistently hearing a few frogs in the gardens and the creek.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not a huge chorus yet, she said, not like the one that Dave remembers. But it’s a step in that direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price\u003c/strong>: That was KQED’s Dana Cronin. Thanks to Dave Ellis for asking this week’s question, which won a public voting round on Bay Curious dot org. There’s still time left to vote in February’s contest, so head on over and cast your vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member-supported KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our show is produced by Katrina Schwartz, Christopher Beale and me, Olivia Allen-Price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With extra support from Maha Sanad, Katie Sprenger, Jen Chien, Ethan Toven-Lindsey and everyone on team KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some members of the KQED podcast team are represented by The Screen Actors Guild, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists. San Francisco Northern California Local.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m Olivia Allen-Price. Have a wonderful week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>"
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"title": "Santa Clara County Leaders Cut Out Flock Safety in New Surveillance Policy",
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"content": "\u003cp>Santa Clara County leaders are distancing themselves from automated license plate reader company Flock Safety due to growing concerns about the use of its data for immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A split decision on Tuesday afternoon by the Board of Supervisors to effectively cut ties with Flock brings the county in league with dozens of other local governments that have canceled or paused contracts with, or otherwise separated from, the prolific license plate reader vendor in recent months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The severings follow media reports that federal agencies like Customs and Border Protection and Immigration and Customs Enforcement were able to access data from vast local Flock camera networks across the country, at times even while local police departments and city officials said they were unaware the data sharing was happening. In some cases, the data sharing went directly against local or state policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do not believe the County of Santa Clara should be doing business with Flock,” District 2 Supervisor Betty Duong said at a press conference on Tuesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Flock is a problematic company, and their reported conduct and sharing of private data is incompatible with our county’s values, my personal values and the values that I promised the voters of District 2 that I would uphold, and with multiple policies that we as a board have unanimously approved in recent years,” Duong said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074576\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/GettyImages-2247092731-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074576\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/GettyImages-2247092731-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1826\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/GettyImages-2247092731-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/GettyImages-2247092731-2000x1426.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/GettyImages-2247092731-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/GettyImages-2247092731-1536x1095.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/GettyImages-2247092731-2048x1461.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Automated License Plate Readers (ALPRs) are seen at the intersection of Washington and La Cienega boulevards on Thursday, Nov. 20, 2025, in Culver City, California. \u003ccite>(Kayla Bartkowski / Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While there are many license plate reader vendors, Flock has become one of the largest suppliers, with tens of thousands of cameras in more than 5,000 cities and counties around the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board voted 3-2 in favor of amending its own policies to effectively render Flock cameras useless in Cupertino and Saratoga, two South Bay cities that currently contract with the Santa Clara County Sheriff’s Office for public safety services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board’s decision also applies to Los Altos Hills, though that small town’s leadership decided to terminate its contract with Flock last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the sheriff’s office runs law enforcement for those three places, it also oversees the license plate cameras that those cities and towns use. All three have relied on Atlanta-based Flock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the newly updated county “Surveillance Use Policy” adopted by the board, the sheriff’s office will no longer access or use any data sourced from a Flock camera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Effective immediately, the sheriff’s office and the staff cannot operate, manage or touch the cameras, the data, transmission, anything from ALPRs that are operated by Flock, vended by Flock,” Duong told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the county doesn’t have the authority to force those cities to end their Flock contracts, the change in policy appears to make the images and data being logged by those cameras moot, as there isn’t another law enforcement agency to pursue leads it generates.[aside postID=news_12072077 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/SAN-JOSE-LICENSE-PLATE-READERS-11-KQED-1020x680.jpg']Cupertino City Manager Tina Kapoor confirmed Tuesday that the city’s Flock contract is active.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will be evaluating the agreement based on the county’s decision and other considerations at the moment, such as our upcoming law enforcement contract with the county and the budget,” Kapoor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Duong noted that if Cupertino or Saratoga were to find new vendors for license plate readers, the sheriff’s office would likely be able to quickly resume oversight and operation of that technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, some county leaders raised broader concerns about the technology of ALPRs, which, in Flock’s case, record not only a car’s license plate, but also its make and model, color and defining features like roof racks and bumper stickers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Susan Ellenberg voted against the change in policy on Tuesday because she feels license plate readers in general represent an “excessive invasion of privacy,” and that those concerns outweigh any public safety benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Flock is particularly problematic. But I differ from my colleagues in that I don’t believe they are an outlying bad actor and alternatives are not necessarily any safer,” Ellenberg said during the county board meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am really existentially troubled by the expansion of the surveillance state and its contribution to the erosion of democracy, civil liberties and other protections that actually create safe communities,” Ellenberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Alleviating poverty and ensuring stable housing, sufficient nutrition, access to health care and education, clean and well-lit streets, of course, create more safety than surveillance cameras, even when used under the strictest use policies,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12066777\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1279px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-License-Plate-Readers-01-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12066777\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-License-Plate-Readers-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1279\" height=\"853\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-License-Plate-Readers-01-KQED.jpg 1279w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-License-Plate-Readers-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1279px) 100vw, 1279px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Law enforcement agencies are deploying vehicle-tracking networks with settings that some advocates say can make local data nationally searchable. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Flock Safety)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nick Hidalgo, a senior staff attorney with the ACLU of Northern California, said the county’s move was encouraging but that it does not go far enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no guarantee that rival ALPR vendors will do better,” he said. “These companies market their systems as easy to share with other law enforcement agencies — sharing is by design, and vendors are incentivized to facilitate it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for Flock Safety, Paris Lewbel, said in an emailed statement that the company “is proud of the impact our technology has had in helping solve crimes and locate missing people in Santa Clara County and across the state of California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Locally, other cities have also taken steps to back away from Flock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mountain View’s City Council voted unanimously to\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12072077/as-california-cities-grow-wary-of-flock-safety-cameras-mountain-views-shuts-its-off\"> end a contract and terminate\u003c/a> automatic license plate readers on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Councilmember Ellen Kamei said the city learned a lesson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Acknowledging a situation, acting quickly and communicating openly reflects integrity and public service,” she said. “We’ve talked about how our city is known as a community for all, and being a community for all means telling the truth, even when it’s difficult.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Cruz became the first city in California to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069705/santa-cruz-the-first-in-california-to-terminate-its-contract-with-flock-safety\">sever ties with Flock \u003c/a>in January, following similar data-sharing problems, which violate longstanding state laws against sharing ALPR data with federal agencies and other agencies out of state.[aside postID=news_12069705 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/SFFlockSafetyGetty.jpg']In the wake of those cases, where local officials blamed Flock’s software platform for the unwanted searches of their databases, the company has pushed back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Each Flock customer fully owns and controls 100% of its data. Only our customers have sole authority over if, when, and with whom information is shared,” Lewbel, the Flock spokesperson, said. “By default, vehicle data is automatically deleted after 30 days unless local law or policy requires otherwise. Flock never shares data on its own, and customers may limit, revoke or deny data access at any time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to NPR, at least 30 localities have either deactivated their Flock cameras or canceled their contracts since the beginning of 2025, with many of the changes happening this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration’s crackdown on illegal immigration has heightened awareness and concern around such technologies, but privacy and civil liberties advocates have long pushed back against the growing webs of long-lasting data being created about people all over the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group of civil-liberties and immigrant-support organizations\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12064587/civil-liberties-groups-sue-san-jose-over-license-plate-reader-use\"> sued San José\u003c/a> over what they allege is the city’s “deeply invasive” mass surveillance network of hundreds of Flock cameras.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city, the largest in the Bay Area, holds onto all ALPR data for a year, well beyond the 30-day default of Flock, whether a car is implicated in a crime or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county’s new policy will also require immediate reporting to the board if any unauthorized ALPR data under county control is shared with the federal government. It will also require audits of the sheriff’s office’s compliance with the new policy every four months by the Office of Correction and Law Enforcement Monitoring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Senior Editor\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/aemslie\">\u003cem> Alex Emslie\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Santa Clara County leaders are distancing themselves from automated license plate reader company Flock Safety due to growing concerns about the use of its data for immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A split decision on Tuesday afternoon by the Board of Supervisors to effectively cut ties with Flock brings the county in league with dozens of other local governments that have canceled or paused contracts with, or otherwise separated from, the prolific license plate reader vendor in recent months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The severings follow media reports that federal agencies like Customs and Border Protection and Immigration and Customs Enforcement were able to access data from vast local Flock camera networks across the country, at times even while local police departments and city officials said they were unaware the data sharing was happening. In some cases, the data sharing went directly against local or state policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do not believe the County of Santa Clara should be doing business with Flock,” District 2 Supervisor Betty Duong said at a press conference on Tuesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Flock is a problematic company, and their reported conduct and sharing of private data is incompatible with our county’s values, my personal values and the values that I promised the voters of District 2 that I would uphold, and with multiple policies that we as a board have unanimously approved in recent years,” Duong said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074576\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/GettyImages-2247092731-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074576\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/GettyImages-2247092731-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1826\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/GettyImages-2247092731-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/GettyImages-2247092731-2000x1426.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/GettyImages-2247092731-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/GettyImages-2247092731-1536x1095.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/GettyImages-2247092731-2048x1461.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Automated License Plate Readers (ALPRs) are seen at the intersection of Washington and La Cienega boulevards on Thursday, Nov. 20, 2025, in Culver City, California. \u003ccite>(Kayla Bartkowski / Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While there are many license plate reader vendors, Flock has become one of the largest suppliers, with tens of thousands of cameras in more than 5,000 cities and counties around the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board voted 3-2 in favor of amending its own policies to effectively render Flock cameras useless in Cupertino and Saratoga, two South Bay cities that currently contract with the Santa Clara County Sheriff’s Office for public safety services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board’s decision also applies to Los Altos Hills, though that small town’s leadership decided to terminate its contract with Flock last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the sheriff’s office runs law enforcement for those three places, it also oversees the license plate cameras that those cities and towns use. All three have relied on Atlanta-based Flock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the newly updated county “Surveillance Use Policy” adopted by the board, the sheriff’s office will no longer access or use any data sourced from a Flock camera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Effective immediately, the sheriff’s office and the staff cannot operate, manage or touch the cameras, the data, transmission, anything from ALPRs that are operated by Flock, vended by Flock,” Duong told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the county doesn’t have the authority to force those cities to end their Flock contracts, the change in policy appears to make the images and data being logged by those cameras moot, as there isn’t another law enforcement agency to pursue leads it generates.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Cupertino City Manager Tina Kapoor confirmed Tuesday that the city’s Flock contract is active.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will be evaluating the agreement based on the county’s decision and other considerations at the moment, such as our upcoming law enforcement contract with the county and the budget,” Kapoor said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Duong noted that if Cupertino or Saratoga were to find new vendors for license plate readers, the sheriff’s office would likely be able to quickly resume oversight and operation of that technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, some county leaders raised broader concerns about the technology of ALPRs, which, in Flock’s case, record not only a car’s license plate, but also its make and model, color and defining features like roof racks and bumper stickers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Susan Ellenberg voted against the change in policy on Tuesday because she feels license plate readers in general represent an “excessive invasion of privacy,” and that those concerns outweigh any public safety benefit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Flock is particularly problematic. But I differ from my colleagues in that I don’t believe they are an outlying bad actor and alternatives are not necessarily any safer,” Ellenberg said during the county board meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am really existentially troubled by the expansion of the surveillance state and its contribution to the erosion of democracy, civil liberties and other protections that actually create safe communities,” Ellenberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Alleviating poverty and ensuring stable housing, sufficient nutrition, access to health care and education, clean and well-lit streets, of course, create more safety than surveillance cameras, even when used under the strictest use policies,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12066777\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1279px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-License-Plate-Readers-01-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12066777\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-License-Plate-Readers-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1279\" height=\"853\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-License-Plate-Readers-01-KQED.jpg 1279w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251210-License-Plate-Readers-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1279px) 100vw, 1279px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Law enforcement agencies are deploying vehicle-tracking networks with settings that some advocates say can make local data nationally searchable. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Flock Safety)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nick Hidalgo, a senior staff attorney with the ACLU of Northern California, said the county’s move was encouraging but that it does not go far enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no guarantee that rival ALPR vendors will do better,” he said. “These companies market their systems as easy to share with other law enforcement agencies — sharing is by design, and vendors are incentivized to facilitate it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for Flock Safety, Paris Lewbel, said in an emailed statement that the company “is proud of the impact our technology has had in helping solve crimes and locate missing people in Santa Clara County and across the state of California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Locally, other cities have also taken steps to back away from Flock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mountain View’s City Council voted unanimously to\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12072077/as-california-cities-grow-wary-of-flock-safety-cameras-mountain-views-shuts-its-off\"> end a contract and terminate\u003c/a> automatic license plate readers on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Councilmember Ellen Kamei said the city learned a lesson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Acknowledging a situation, acting quickly and communicating openly reflects integrity and public service,” she said. “We’ve talked about how our city is known as a community for all, and being a community for all means telling the truth, even when it’s difficult.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Cruz became the first city in California to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069705/santa-cruz-the-first-in-california-to-terminate-its-contract-with-flock-safety\">sever ties with Flock \u003c/a>in January, following similar data-sharing problems, which violate longstanding state laws against sharing ALPR data with federal agencies and other agencies out of state.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In the wake of those cases, where local officials blamed Flock’s software platform for the unwanted searches of their databases, the company has pushed back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Each Flock customer fully owns and controls 100% of its data. Only our customers have sole authority over if, when, and with whom information is shared,” Lewbel, the Flock spokesperson, said. “By default, vehicle data is automatically deleted after 30 days unless local law or policy requires otherwise. Flock never shares data on its own, and customers may limit, revoke or deny data access at any time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to NPR, at least 30 localities have either deactivated their Flock cameras or canceled their contracts since the beginning of 2025, with many of the changes happening this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration’s crackdown on illegal immigration has heightened awareness and concern around such technologies, but privacy and civil liberties advocates have long pushed back against the growing webs of long-lasting data being created about people all over the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A group of civil-liberties and immigrant-support organizations\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12064587/civil-liberties-groups-sue-san-jose-over-license-plate-reader-use\"> sued San José\u003c/a> over what they allege is the city’s “deeply invasive” mass surveillance network of hundreds of Flock cameras.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city, the largest in the Bay Area, holds onto all ALPR data for a year, well beyond the 30-day default of Flock, whether a car is implicated in a crime or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county’s new policy will also require immediate reporting to the board if any unauthorized ALPR data under county control is shared with the federal government. It will also require audits of the sheriff’s office’s compliance with the new policy every four months by the Office of Correction and Law Enforcement Monitoring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Senior Editor\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/aemslie\">\u003cem> Alex Emslie\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Authorities arrested nearly 30 people and recovered more than 70 victims across the Bay Area during heightened human trafficking investigations around \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/super-bowl\">Super Bowl LX\u003c/a>, the Santa Clara County district attorney’s office announced Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The push, led by the office’s Human Trafficking Task Force, included dozens of law enforcement agencies and community organizations that carried out nearly 40 operations in counties surrounding Santa Clara during the lead-up to the game this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the 73 victims of trafficking who were recovered, 10 were minors, including a 12-year-old in Oakland, according to the district attorney’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are literally looking for that one 12-year-old or that one child or one adult whose voice isn’t heard,” said Cheryl Csiky, the executive director of advocacy group In Our Backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates say the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12072253/during-super-bowl-lx-bay-area-advocates-police-renew-focus-on-human-trafficking-awareness\">heightened attention to human trafficking\u003c/a> in the Bay Area underscored the impact of collaboration in recovering victims — and could serve as a model for expanding such efforts regularly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Human trafficking happens every single day,” said Sharan Dhanoa, who directs the South Bay Coalition to End Human Trafficking. “The hope is that we can kind of replicate that in the future and not have it just be dependent on a sporting event.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12073894\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12073894\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260202-SuperBowlOpeningNight-17-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260202-SuperBowlOpeningNight-17-BL_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260202-SuperBowlOpeningNight-17-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260202-SuperBowlOpeningNight-17-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A New England Patriots team member speaks with the press during Super Bowl Opening Night at the San José Convention Center in San José on Feb. 2, 2026. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For the two weeks ahead of the Feb. 8 game, the Human Trafficking Task Force set up a command center in Sunnyvale that included 20 analysts from various agencies who responded to tips and coordinated with agents from Monterey to Sacramento to make arrests, according to the district attorney’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Operations that often take weeks took minutes in the enhanced Human Trafficking Tactical Operations Center,” it said in a statement on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such operations are common around the Super Bowl, and Bay Area authorities intend to focus similar anti-trafficking efforts ahead of World Cup games at Levi’s Stadium this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dhanoa said that, in part, this is because major economic draws to an area can increase demand for sex trafficking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Economics drives exploitation,” she told KQED.[aside postID=news_12072253 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/IMG_1350-2000x1500.jpg']However, Dhanoa said, the high volume of arrests and recoveries is also a reflection of law enforcement agencies being able to tap into additional resources that aren’t available year-round.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This effort shows that when we’re all in a room together and have this opportunity to all work our resources in one place and our strategies, it’s a much quicker process,” Csiky said. “It just matters how much manpower is put into the effort.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Dhanoa and Csiky said the operation’s focus on recovering victims of trafficking was especially significant. Dhanoa said some similar operations in the past have focused more on arrests of traffickers and less on victim identification and contact with potential survivors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while the operations can lead to recoveries of trafficking victims, some sex work advocates say they also negatively affect those who aren’t being trafficked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maxine Doogan, who describes herself as a “working prostitute of 30-plus years,” said that when such operations are going on, it puts her and other sex workers in an “economically disadvantaged position.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really hard for people to turn down opportunities to make money, because this time of year is always traditionally very slow,” she told KQED. During such operations, she said, “anybody that was new, I wouldn’t answer their call. I would be too scared.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I couldn’t risk having an arrest, and then having to dig myself out of that while I’m trying to provide housing and food for myself and my children,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071720\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071720\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260128-superbowlfile00030_TV_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260128-superbowlfile00030_TV_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260128-superbowlfile00030_TV_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260128-superbowlfile00030_TV_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Super Bowl Banner decorates the exterior of Levi’s Stadium in San José on Jan. 28, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dhanoa acknowledged that an unintended consequence of these operations has sometimes been arresting “individuals who don’t identify as survivors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lt. Josh Singleton, the anti-trafficking task force’s commander, said Santa Clara County does not criminalize sex work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, he said, the department treats commercial sex workers as “potential victims.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our team always takes a victim-centered, trauma-informed approach,” Singleton told KQED. “It can be very challenging to distinguish the difference between a commercial sex worker who’s working independently on their own versus someone who’s being trafficked by somebody else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Singleton, the task force’s 29 arrests were for pimping, pandering, human trafficking of an adult or human trafficking of a minor. An additional 36 commercial sex buyers were cited or arrested for solicitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Authorities arrested nearly 30 people and recovered more than 70 victims across the Bay Area during heightened human trafficking investigations around \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/super-bowl\">Super Bowl LX\u003c/a>, the Santa Clara County district attorney’s office announced Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The push, led by the office’s Human Trafficking Task Force, included dozens of law enforcement agencies and community organizations that carried out nearly 40 operations in counties surrounding Santa Clara during the lead-up to the game this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the 73 victims of trafficking who were recovered, 10 were minors, including a 12-year-old in Oakland, according to the district attorney’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are literally looking for that one 12-year-old or that one child or one adult whose voice isn’t heard,” said Cheryl Csiky, the executive director of advocacy group In Our Backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates say the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12072253/during-super-bowl-lx-bay-area-advocates-police-renew-focus-on-human-trafficking-awareness\">heightened attention to human trafficking\u003c/a> in the Bay Area underscored the impact of collaboration in recovering victims — and could serve as a model for expanding such efforts regularly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Human trafficking happens every single day,” said Sharan Dhanoa, who directs the South Bay Coalition to End Human Trafficking. “The hope is that we can kind of replicate that in the future and not have it just be dependent on a sporting event.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12073894\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12073894\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260202-SuperBowlOpeningNight-17-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260202-SuperBowlOpeningNight-17-BL_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260202-SuperBowlOpeningNight-17-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260202-SuperBowlOpeningNight-17-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A New England Patriots team member speaks with the press during Super Bowl Opening Night at the San José Convention Center in San José on Feb. 2, 2026. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For the two weeks ahead of the Feb. 8 game, the Human Trafficking Task Force set up a command center in Sunnyvale that included 20 analysts from various agencies who responded to tips and coordinated with agents from Monterey to Sacramento to make arrests, according to the district attorney’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Operations that often take weeks took minutes in the enhanced Human Trafficking Tactical Operations Center,” it said in a statement on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such operations are common around the Super Bowl, and Bay Area authorities intend to focus similar anti-trafficking efforts ahead of World Cup games at Levi’s Stadium this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dhanoa said that, in part, this is because major economic draws to an area can increase demand for sex trafficking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Economics drives exploitation,” she told KQED.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>However, Dhanoa said, the high volume of arrests and recoveries is also a reflection of law enforcement agencies being able to tap into additional resources that aren’t available year-round.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This effort shows that when we’re all in a room together and have this opportunity to all work our resources in one place and our strategies, it’s a much quicker process,” Csiky said. “It just matters how much manpower is put into the effort.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Dhanoa and Csiky said the operation’s focus on recovering victims of trafficking was especially significant. Dhanoa said some similar operations in the past have focused more on arrests of traffickers and less on victim identification and contact with potential survivors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while the operations can lead to recoveries of trafficking victims, some sex work advocates say they also negatively affect those who aren’t being trafficked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maxine Doogan, who describes herself as a “working prostitute of 30-plus years,” said that when such operations are going on, it puts her and other sex workers in an “economically disadvantaged position.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really hard for people to turn down opportunities to make money, because this time of year is always traditionally very slow,” she told KQED. During such operations, she said, “anybody that was new, I wouldn’t answer their call. I would be too scared.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I couldn’t risk having an arrest, and then having to dig myself out of that while I’m trying to provide housing and food for myself and my children,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071720\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071720\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260128-superbowlfile00030_TV_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260128-superbowlfile00030_TV_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260128-superbowlfile00030_TV_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260128-superbowlfile00030_TV_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Super Bowl Banner decorates the exterior of Levi’s Stadium in San José on Jan. 28, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Dhanoa acknowledged that an unintended consequence of these operations has sometimes been arresting “individuals who don’t identify as survivors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lt. Josh Singleton, the anti-trafficking task force’s commander, said Santa Clara County does not criminalize sex work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, he said, the department treats commercial sex workers as “potential victims.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our team always takes a victim-centered, trauma-informed approach,” Singleton told KQED. “It can be very challenging to distinguish the difference between a commercial sex worker who’s working independently on their own versus someone who’s being trafficked by somebody else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Singleton, the task force’s 29 arrests were for pimping, pandering, human trafficking of an adult or human trafficking of a minor. An additional 36 commercial sex buyers were cited or arrested for solicitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Budget shortfalls could force the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/south-bay\">South Bay\u003c/a>’s top prosecutor to abandon misdemeanor prosecutions, domestic violence cases and youth programs — leading to “tragic” consequences for public safety, according to Santa Clara District Attorney Jeff Rosen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his annual State of the Office address on Tuesday, Rosen said a potential 12% cut to his office’s general fund — estimated at $19 million — would likely result in the loss of 75 to 80 employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking to KQED, Rosen called his office’s work “both exceptional and extraordinary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While we’re very proud of those achievements, I have to let the residents know I’m very concerned about the budget cuts that are looming,” Rosen said. “And how it will affect everyone’s public safety in a very negative way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosen’s concern comes as Santa Clara County faces a \u003ca href=\"https://www.santaclaracounty.gov/federalfunding\">$1 billion\u003c/a> hole. H.R. 1, or the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101910533/what-the-big-beautiful-bill-means-for-california\">One Big Beautiful Bill Act\u003c/a>, has triggered what County Executive James R. Williams described as an “unprecedented fiscal crisis,” with the county projecting an enormous loss of federal and state revenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors recently approved $183 million in midyear \u003ca href=\"https://news.santaclaracounty.gov/board-supervisors-takes-mid-year-budget-action-offset-federal-funding-cuts-impacting-critical\">reductions\u003c/a> to the county’s public hospital system, eliminating 365 full-time positions countywide — many of which were vacant beforehand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12062885\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12062885 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/250924-Election-SJ-Measure-A_00671_TV_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/250924-Election-SJ-Measure-A_00671_TV_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/250924-Election-SJ-Measure-A_00671_TV_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/250924-Election-SJ-Measure-A_00671_TV_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Santa Clara Valley Medical Center in San José on Sept. 29, 2025. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While Rosen’s office was spared from those cuts, 10 of those positions, including five attorney openings, came from the Santa Clara County Public Defender’s Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public Defender Damon Silver said the strain is reaching a breaking point across the legal system. He noted his office has already eliminated non-mandated work, and warned that further cuts will harm legal defense services provided to residents who cannot afford an attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Balance between the two offices is critical to ensure fairness,” Silver said. “Both offices need appropriate funding to ensure a healthy criminal legal process.”[aside postID=news_12073534 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/251117-STANFORDTRIAL-JG-2_qed.jpg']The County Executive’s Office, however, said that no formal budget recommendations for fiscal year 2026-2027 have been finalized. Per the county’s annual process, official proposals will be released by the County Executive on May 1, with the Board of Supervisors set to adopt a final budget by June 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/measure-a\">voter-approved sales tax Measure A\u003c/a>, which is expected to generate $330 million annually starting in April, the county is still projecting a $470 million deficit for the upcoming fiscal year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hospital system and every General Fund department is being asked to make difficult reductions,” Williams said in a statement. “The fact remains that the largest share of our General Fund resources goes to public safety functions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosen said his office would be among those hit hard. Without the $19 million, he said prosecutors could no longer pursue misdemeanor cases — including drunk driving, domestic violence and sexual assault cases in which victims are uncooperative. Those victim cases make up more than 70% of the office’s prosecutions, Rosen said, meaning thousands could go unprosecuted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosen also said that prevention programs targeting youth, including anti-truancy efforts, gang intervention and drug treatment, would end up on the chopping block.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re seriously underfunding public safety,” he said. “These proposed budget cuts would be dire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While we’re very proud of those achievements, I have to let the residents know I’m very concerned about the budget cuts that are looming,” Rosen said. “And how it will affect everyone’s public safety in a very negative way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosen’s concern comes as Santa Clara County faces a \u003ca href=\"https://www.santaclaracounty.gov/federalfunding\">$1 billion\u003c/a> hole. H.R. 1, or the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101910533/what-the-big-beautiful-bill-means-for-california\">One Big Beautiful Bill Act\u003c/a>, has triggered what County Executive James R. Williams described as an “unprecedented fiscal crisis,” with the county projecting an enormous loss of federal and state revenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors recently approved $183 million in midyear \u003ca href=\"https://news.santaclaracounty.gov/board-supervisors-takes-mid-year-budget-action-offset-federal-funding-cuts-impacting-critical\">reductions\u003c/a> to the county’s public hospital system, eliminating 365 full-time positions countywide — many of which were vacant beforehand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12062885\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12062885 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/250924-Election-SJ-Measure-A_00671_TV_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/250924-Election-SJ-Measure-A_00671_TV_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/250924-Election-SJ-Measure-A_00671_TV_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/250924-Election-SJ-Measure-A_00671_TV_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Santa Clara Valley Medical Center in San José on Sept. 29, 2025. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While Rosen’s office was spared from those cuts, 10 of those positions, including five attorney openings, came from the Santa Clara County Public Defender’s Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public Defender Damon Silver said the strain is reaching a breaking point across the legal system. He noted his office has already eliminated non-mandated work, and warned that further cuts will harm legal defense services provided to residents who cannot afford an attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Balance between the two offices is critical to ensure fairness,” Silver said. “Both offices need appropriate funding to ensure a healthy criminal legal process.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The County Executive’s Office, however, said that no formal budget recommendations for fiscal year 2026-2027 have been finalized. Per the county’s annual process, official proposals will be released by the County Executive on May 1, with the Board of Supervisors set to adopt a final budget by June 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/measure-a\">voter-approved sales tax Measure A\u003c/a>, which is expected to generate $330 million annually starting in April, the county is still projecting a $470 million deficit for the upcoming fiscal year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hospital system and every General Fund department is being asked to make difficult reductions,” Williams said in a statement. “The fact remains that the largest share of our General Fund resources goes to public safety functions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosen said his office would be among those hit hard. Without the $19 million, he said prosecutors could no longer pursue misdemeanor cases — including drunk driving, domestic violence and sexual assault cases in which victims are uncooperative. Those victim cases make up more than 70% of the office’s prosecutions, Rosen said, meaning thousands could go unprosecuted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosen also said that prevention programs targeting youth, including anti-truancy efforts, gang intervention and drug treatment, would end up on the chopping block.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re seriously underfunding public safety,” he said. “These proposed budget cuts would be dire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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},
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"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
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},
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},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
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"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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},
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"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
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"order": 10
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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},
"closealltabs": {
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"order": 1
},
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
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"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"order": 15
},
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 18
},
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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