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"content": "\u003cp>Sonoma County Emergency Services officials say the systems they use to alert residents of disasters have significant issues, nearly a year after the deadly Northern California wildfires prompted \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654931/my-world-was-burning-the-northern-california-wildfires-and-what-went-wrong\">criticism\u003c/a> about how the county alerted people to the dangers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county conducted a test of several alert systems last month and their newly released \u003ca href=\"http://sonomacounty.ca.gov/FES/Emergency-Alert-Testing/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">After Action Report\u003c/a> found serious problems with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no guarantee at this point that we can get [messages] to everybody at the right time,” said Christopher Godley, Sonoma County’s Interim Emergency Manager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the test, \u003ca href=\"https://sonomacounty.ca.gov/FES/Emergency-Management/SoCoAlert/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">SoCoAlerts\u003c/a>, which is an opt-in system that sends messages to landlines, cellphones and emails, successfully delivered the test message to a person or an answering machine 51 percent of the time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county did find that the publicity leading up to and after the test increased the number of people subscribed to the SoCoAlert system by more than 30 percent. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county also tested the federal Wireless Emergency Alert (WEA) system, which is commonly used for Amber Alerts. The report found that different cellphone carriers sent the WEA either too widely (AT&T) or not widely enough (Verizon). \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report says these differences cause “significant issues” and make it “challenging for emergency management officials to target specific areas with confidence.” It urged local officials to work with state and federal representatives to improve the system. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Godley says the county will have to rely on a combination of all of these systems, as well as community awareness and cooperation, to effectively communicate during an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As good as these technologies are it really does come down to people communicating and supporting each other,” Godley said. “We find that’s the best way to ensure that everyone gets the message.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Office of Emergency Services found problems with the county’s alert system in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11652293/report-as-wildfires-raced-through-sonoma-warnings-were-slowed-by-confusion-poor-coordination\">February report\u003c/a>, but said it was not yet ready to comment on how this report addresses those issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The test also asked for feedback from the public, which the county says it will use in crafting its improvement plan, which is due out later this month.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Sonoma County Emergency Services officials say the systems they use to alert residents of disasters have significant issues, nearly a year after the deadly Northern California wildfires prompted \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654931/my-world-was-burning-the-northern-california-wildfires-and-what-went-wrong\">criticism\u003c/a> about how the county alerted people to the dangers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county conducted a test of several alert systems last month and their newly released \u003ca href=\"http://sonomacounty.ca.gov/FES/Emergency-Alert-Testing/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">After Action Report\u003c/a> found serious problems with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no guarantee at this point that we can get [messages] to everybody at the right time,” said Christopher Godley, Sonoma County’s Interim Emergency Manager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the test, \u003ca href=\"https://sonomacounty.ca.gov/FES/Emergency-Management/SoCoAlert/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">SoCoAlerts\u003c/a>, which is an opt-in system that sends messages to landlines, cellphones and emails, successfully delivered the test message to a person or an answering machine 51 percent of the time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county did find that the publicity leading up to and after the test increased the number of people subscribed to the SoCoAlert system by more than 30 percent. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county also tested the federal Wireless Emergency Alert (WEA) system, which is commonly used for Amber Alerts. The report found that different cellphone carriers sent the WEA either too widely (AT&T) or not widely enough (Verizon). \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report says these differences cause “significant issues” and make it “challenging for emergency management officials to target specific areas with confidence.” It urged local officials to work with state and federal representatives to improve the system. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Godley says the county will have to rely on a combination of all of these systems, as well as community awareness and cooperation, to effectively communicate during an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As good as these technologies are it really does come down to people communicating and supporting each other,” Godley said. “We find that’s the best way to ensure that everyone gets the message.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Office of Emergency Services found problems with the county’s alert system in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11652293/report-as-wildfires-raced-through-sonoma-warnings-were-slowed-by-confusion-poor-coordination\">February report\u003c/a>, but said it was not yet ready to comment on how this report addresses those issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The test also asked for feedback from the public, which the county says it will use in crafting its improvement plan, which is due out later this month.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Sonoma County’s emergency response during the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/fire-investigation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">October 2017 wildfires\u003c/a> was understaffed, its workers undertrained, and its emergency alerts did not live up to “public expectations,” according to a report from the county that is set to be discussed by the Board of Supervisors Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The long-awaited \u003ca href=\"http://sonoma-county.granicus.com/MetaViewer.php?view_id=&event_id=945&meta_id=244351\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">85-page report\u003c/a> broke the county’s investigation into three components: Community Alert & Warning Program Assessment, Emergency Management Program Assessment and Emergency Operations Center (EOC) After-Action Report.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Community Alert & Warning Program Assessment\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The report found that Sonoma County’s public warning system is on par with most counties throughout the state, but “public expectations” exceeded that standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those expectations include more-timely emergency alerts with more information about residents’ specific situations and receiving emergency alerts without signing up for them. Sonoma County used opt-in systems to send \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654667/map-where-the-north-bay-fires-burned-and-who-was-called-to-evacuate%20target\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">alerts to residents\u003c/a> during the October wildfires, as well as sending sheriff’s deputies to homes in evacuation zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recommendations in the report to address these concerns include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Design an emergency alert system that can reach everyone, including areas with no cellphone service.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Standardize who has the authority to issue emergency alerts, as well as the triggers and threshold for activating those alerts.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Create a webpage with more information to which people receiving emergency alerts can be directed.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Implement a training program for workers who would have to use the alert system, including public safety leadership and emergency communications personnel.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Create two new full-time positions dedicated to managing and coordinating the system.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Design a system to more quickly identify the location and scope of a disaster.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Emergency Management Program Assessment\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Sonoma County’s Emergency Management Program is slightly subpar compared to other California counties in terms of staffing, funding and operational capability, according to the report. The program’s staff reported issues in most of the categories analyzed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674057\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 457px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11674057 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31376_internal-assessment-of-Sonoma-County-emergency-services-qut.jpg\" alt=\"This chart from Sonoma County's internal review of its emergency preparedness summarizes the internal staff assessment of the county’s current emergency management program capabilities based on categories identified in the Emergency Management Accreditation Program (EMAP).\" width=\"457\" height=\"663\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31376_internal-assessment-of-Sonoma-County-emergency-services-qut.jpg 457w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31376_internal-assessment-of-Sonoma-County-emergency-services-qut-160x232.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31376_internal-assessment-of-Sonoma-County-emergency-services-qut-240x348.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31376_internal-assessment-of-Sonoma-County-emergency-services-qut-375x544.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 457px) 100vw, 457px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This chart from Sonoma County’s internal review of its emergency preparedness summarizes the internal staff assessment of the county’s current emergency management program capabilities based on categories identified in the Emergency Management Accreditation Program (EMAP). \u003ccite>(County of Sonoma)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The report found that the county was not adequately prepared to recover after a disaster like the October wildfires, but found few issues with the administration of the county’s Emergency Management Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Staff did find issues of varying severity with the county’s mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery efforts. There is currently no program that coordinates emergency plans between different county departments. Additionally, the report found that the Emergency Operations Center facility is “not capable of fully supporting large, complex, or extended-duration incidents,” like the October 2017 fires. The facility was built in 1974 and has undergone only minor renovations since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recommendations in the report to address these concerns include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Create three new full-time positions:\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Community Warning Program Manager\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Emergency Director\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Emergency Services Coordinator\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Revise the Emergency Operations Plan and create a standardized Operation Area Plan to coordinate emergency plans between departments.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Consider introducing “sub-regional hubs” for unincorporated parts of the county, so those areas can better communicate with county emergency staff.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Train more staff members to fill a wider variety of roles during a disaster.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Find a new Emergency Operations Center or significantly remodel the current facility.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Provide more emergency preparedness information to the public, including a comprehensive “suite of materials and resources” that address all preparedness needs.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Read More of KQED’s North Bay Fire Coverage\u003c/h3>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11673398/cal-fire-release-cause-of-a-dozen-more-october-fires-nearly-all-connected-to-pge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cal Fire Releases Cause of a Dozen More October Fires: Nearly All Tied to PG&E\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654027/my-world-was-burning-the-north-bay-fires-and-what-went-wrong\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">‘My World Was Burning’: The North Bay Fires and What Went Wrong\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654203/why-emergency-response-was-already-overwhelmed-when-wildfires-hit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Why Emergency Response Was Already Overwhelmed When Wildfires Hit\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654427/finding-a-way-through-the-flames-when-911-cant-help\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Finding a Way Through the Flames When 911 Can’t Help\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654667/map-where-the-north-bay-fires-burned-and-who-was-called-to-evacuate%20target\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MAP: Where the North Bay Fires Burned and Who Was Called to Evacuate\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003ch2>Emergency Operations Center After-Action Report\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This section of the report is narrower than the other two. It examines only the actions in the Emergency Operations Center during the October 2017 wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Broadly, it found that emergency personnel were not able to gather enough information about the fires; the EOC was understaffed; the staff the EOC had were undertrained; EOC leadership was not clearly identified; and communication between local and regional agencies broke down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recommendations in the report to address these concerns include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Provide more staff, processes, and new technology to gather information about disasters in real-time.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Recruit more liaison officers to communicate with local and regional agencies and officials.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Develop clear roles and responsibilities for elected officials during a disaster.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Develop a plan to ensure non-English speakers can access emergency information, as well as ensure alerts and warnings go out in Spanish.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You can read the full report \u003ca href=\"http://sonoma-county.granicus.com/MetaViewer.php?view_id=&event_id=945&meta_id=244351\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Sonoma County’s emergency response during the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/fire-investigation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">October 2017 wildfires\u003c/a> was understaffed, its workers undertrained, and its emergency alerts did not live up to “public expectations,” according to a report from the county that is set to be discussed by the Board of Supervisors Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The long-awaited \u003ca href=\"http://sonoma-county.granicus.com/MetaViewer.php?view_id=&event_id=945&meta_id=244351\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">85-page report\u003c/a> broke the county’s investigation into three components: Community Alert & Warning Program Assessment, Emergency Management Program Assessment and Emergency Operations Center (EOC) After-Action Report.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Community Alert & Warning Program Assessment\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The report found that Sonoma County’s public warning system is on par with most counties throughout the state, but “public expectations” exceeded that standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those expectations include more-timely emergency alerts with more information about residents’ specific situations and receiving emergency alerts without signing up for them. Sonoma County used opt-in systems to send \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654667/map-where-the-north-bay-fires-burned-and-who-was-called-to-evacuate%20target\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">alerts to residents\u003c/a> during the October wildfires, as well as sending sheriff’s deputies to homes in evacuation zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recommendations in the report to address these concerns include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Design an emergency alert system that can reach everyone, including areas with no cellphone service.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Standardize who has the authority to issue emergency alerts, as well as the triggers and threshold for activating those alerts.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Create a webpage with more information to which people receiving emergency alerts can be directed.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Implement a training program for workers who would have to use the alert system, including public safety leadership and emergency communications personnel.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Create two new full-time positions dedicated to managing and coordinating the system.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Design a system to more quickly identify the location and scope of a disaster.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Emergency Management Program Assessment\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Sonoma County’s Emergency Management Program is slightly subpar compared to other California counties in terms of staffing, funding and operational capability, according to the report. The program’s staff reported issues in most of the categories analyzed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11674057\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 457px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11674057 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31376_internal-assessment-of-Sonoma-County-emergency-services-qut.jpg\" alt=\"This chart from Sonoma County's internal review of its emergency preparedness summarizes the internal staff assessment of the county’s current emergency management program capabilities based on categories identified in the Emergency Management Accreditation Program (EMAP).\" width=\"457\" height=\"663\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31376_internal-assessment-of-Sonoma-County-emergency-services-qut.jpg 457w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31376_internal-assessment-of-Sonoma-County-emergency-services-qut-160x232.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31376_internal-assessment-of-Sonoma-County-emergency-services-qut-240x348.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/RS31376_internal-assessment-of-Sonoma-County-emergency-services-qut-375x544.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 457px) 100vw, 457px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This chart from Sonoma County’s internal review of its emergency preparedness summarizes the internal staff assessment of the county’s current emergency management program capabilities based on categories identified in the Emergency Management Accreditation Program (EMAP). \u003ccite>(County of Sonoma)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The report found that the county was not adequately prepared to recover after a disaster like the October wildfires, but found few issues with the administration of the county’s Emergency Management Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Staff did find issues of varying severity with the county’s mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery efforts. There is currently no program that coordinates emergency plans between different county departments. Additionally, the report found that the Emergency Operations Center facility is “not capable of fully supporting large, complex, or extended-duration incidents,” like the October 2017 fires. The facility was built in 1974 and has undergone only minor renovations since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recommendations in the report to address these concerns include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Create three new full-time positions:\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Community Warning Program Manager\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Emergency Director\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Emergency Services Coordinator\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Revise the Emergency Operations Plan and create a standardized Operation Area Plan to coordinate emergency plans between departments.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Consider introducing “sub-regional hubs” for unincorporated parts of the county, so those areas can better communicate with county emergency staff.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Train more staff members to fill a wider variety of roles during a disaster.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Find a new Emergency Operations Center or significantly remodel the current facility.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Provide more emergency preparedness information to the public, including a comprehensive “suite of materials and resources” that address all preparedness needs.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Read More of KQED’s North Bay Fire Coverage\u003c/h3>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11673398/cal-fire-release-cause-of-a-dozen-more-october-fires-nearly-all-connected-to-pge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cal Fire Releases Cause of a Dozen More October Fires: Nearly All Tied to PG&E\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654027/my-world-was-burning-the-north-bay-fires-and-what-went-wrong\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">‘My World Was Burning’: The North Bay Fires and What Went Wrong\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654203/why-emergency-response-was-already-overwhelmed-when-wildfires-hit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Why Emergency Response Was Already Overwhelmed When Wildfires Hit\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654427/finding-a-way-through-the-flames-when-911-cant-help\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Finding a Way Through the Flames When 911 Can’t Help\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11654667/map-where-the-north-bay-fires-burned-and-who-was-called-to-evacuate%20target\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MAP: Where the North Bay Fires Burned and Who Was Called to Evacuate\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003ch2>Emergency Operations Center After-Action Report\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This section of the report is narrower than the other two. It examines only the actions in the Emergency Operations Center during the October 2017 wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Broadly, it found that emergency personnel were not able to gather enough information about the fires; the EOC was understaffed; the staff the EOC had were undertrained; EOC leadership was not clearly identified; and communication between local and regional agencies broke down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recommendations in the report to address these concerns include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Provide more staff, processes, and new technology to gather information about disasters in real-time.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Recruit more liaison officers to communicate with local and regional agencies and officials.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Develop clear roles and responsibilities for elected officials during a disaster.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Develop a plan to ensure non-English speakers can access emergency information, as well as ensure alerts and warnings go out in Spanish.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You can read the full report \u003ca href=\"http://sonoma-county.granicus.com/MetaViewer.php?view_id=&event_id=945&meta_id=244351\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update 3:26 p.m.:\u003c/strong> Authorities have lifted evacuation orders in the Sonoma County town of Schellville.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Sonoma County sheriff, \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/sonoma.sheriff/posts/1997765366914693\">some road closures are still in effect\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The closures and evacuation orders were put in place due to a three-alarm structure fire Tuesday at a lumber and pallet facility on Fremont Drive near Highway 12.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watch what appears to be a barrel or small propane tank launched by an explosion during the blaze nearly hit a camera filming the incident:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.facebook.com/plugins/video.php?href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2FCBSSanFrancisco%2Fvideos%2F10155805911699436%2F&show_text=0&width=560\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" style=\"border:none;overflow:hidden\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post:\u003c/strong> A three-alarm structure fire prompted evacuation orders in the Sonoma County town of Schellville Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/CHPSantaRosa/status/1004092542449692672\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sonoma County Sheriff's Office has issued a mandatory evacuation for people who live and work less than a mile from the fire, which is located on Fremont Drive near Highway 12.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NorthBayNews/status/1004105128087961601\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire is burning at a lumber and pallet facility and has prompted several road closures.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update 3:26 p.m.:\u003c/strong> Authorities have lifted evacuation orders in the Sonoma County town of Schellville.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Sonoma County sheriff, \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/sonoma.sheriff/posts/1997765366914693\">some road closures are still in effect\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The closures and evacuation orders were put in place due to a three-alarm structure fire Tuesday at a lumber and pallet facility on Fremont Drive near Highway 12.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watch what appears to be a barrel or small propane tank launched by an explosion during the blaze nearly hit a camera filming the incident:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.facebook.com/plugins/video.php?href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2FCBSSanFrancisco%2Fvideos%2F10155805911699436%2F&show_text=0&width=560\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" style=\"border:none;overflow:hidden\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Trade talks are going on in Washington, D.C., between China and the U.S. in an effort to avert an all-out trade war. Among those closely watching are California’s winemakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More \u003ca href=\"https://www.visitnapavalley.com/articles/post/international-visitation-to-the-napa-valley-increased-by-62-percent-from-2014-to-2016/\">visitors come to Napa Valley from China\u003c/a> than any other foreign country, and some wineries actively court Chinese customers. \u003ca href=\"https://www.robertmondaviwinery.com/mandarin-signature-tour\">Mondavi\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.beringer.com/en/visit/mandarin-tours\">Beringer\u003c/a> host frequent Mandarin-language tours, and other wineries have menus in Chinese. At the tasting room at \u003ca href=\"http://www.honigwine.com/\">Honig Winery\u003c/a> in Rutherford, there are Chinese signs, including ads for a door-to-door international delivery service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a balcony overlooking his vineyard, Michael Honig points to row upon row of grapes that will eventually become sauvignon blanc and cabernet. Both are among the wines that his winery sends to China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past decade, U.S. wine exports to “greater” China, including Taiwan, \u003ca href=\"http://www.wineinstitute.org/resources/pressroom/03232018\">rose 450 percent\u003c/a>. But last month \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/04/02/598870076/what-chinese-tariffs-targeting-american-crops-will-mean-for-farmers\">China slapped a tariff\u003c/a> on U.S. wine, and other food and agricultural products, in retaliation for U.S. tariffs on steel and aluminum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China is now one of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.discovercaliforniawines.com/u-s-wine-exports-total-1-53-billion-in-2017/?t=popup\">top export destinations\u003c/a> for U.S. wine, the vast majority of which comes from California. But, before the latest tariff spat, the combined taxes and tariffs for importing them to China were already more than 48 percent. On top of that, importers, distributors and retailers in China have to make a profit, too, and there are also shipping and warehousing costs. This already means a huge markup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our price point in the U.S. for our Napa cab, for example, it’s roughly $50 on the shelf,” Honig says. “In China, it’s more than double. It’s over $100 on the shelf in China.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And now there’s a 15 percent tariff increase. Most Chinese consumers haven’t felt the sting of the new prices yet because stores there are still stocked with pre-tariff wine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/612115771/612253770\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeff Zhang, who runs a company called \u003ca href=\"https://m.weibo.cn/p/1005056009747504\">Napa Go\u003c/a>, which markets U.S. wines in China, says the big wine-drinking season is around Chinese New Year. The spring is usually a good time to restock, but this year some importers are delaying their purchases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of the tariff increase, there are a good amount of wine being put on hold in the inventory from the U.S., not shipping to China,” Zhang says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Importers want to make sure there will be enough demand at the new prices. Honig winery had an annual shipment — worth hundreds of thousands of dollars — scheduled for this month. That’s now on hold until the fall. Likewise, \u003ca href=\"https://wentevineyards.com/\">Wente Vineyards\u003c/a> in Livermore has $500,000 in wine shipments on hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chinese study-abroad student Kai Feng Chen was visiting a vineyard outside Calistoga recently. He said his friends who have traveled to Napa know how good the wine is and will likely continue to buy it. But if the tariffs boost the prices for people back home in China, that would make those wines less popular.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11661709/should-california-winemakers-be-worried-about-chinas-tariffs\">How Worried Should California Winemakers Be About China’s Tariffs?\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11661709/should-california-winemakers-be-worried-about-chinas-tariffs\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS11744_IMG_0004-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“If you have [a] $500 budget for wine, most Chinese I believe would choose French wine instead of American wine,” Chen says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And French wines are not the only competition, Honig says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at other wines from around the world — New Zealand, Australia, Chile — they either have zero tariffs or going to zero tariffs next year, as it relates to China. We’re going up. It doesn’t make any sense,” the winemaker says. “We’re not gonna go out of business because we don’t sell wine in China, but I think the bigger challenge is we’re going the wrong direction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few wineries have opted to temporarily take on the entire hit of the new tariffs themselves, fearing a lost market share now might take them years to build back. Other wineries are splitting the cost burden with importers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later this month, winemakers from around the world will converge in Hong Kong for \u003ca href=\"http://www.vinexpohongkong.com/visit/the-exhibition/\">one of the largest wine shows of the year\u003c/a>. Many California winemakers are hoping trade talks will be resolved by then, so they can continue to make inroads into this growing market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=California+Winemakers+Nervous+About+U.S.-China+Trade+Talks&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Trade talks are going on in Washington, D.C., between China and the U.S. in an effort to avert an all-out trade war. Among those closely watching are California’s winemakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More \u003ca href=\"https://www.visitnapavalley.com/articles/post/international-visitation-to-the-napa-valley-increased-by-62-percent-from-2014-to-2016/\">visitors come to Napa Valley from China\u003c/a> than any other foreign country, and some wineries actively court Chinese customers. \u003ca href=\"https://www.robertmondaviwinery.com/mandarin-signature-tour\">Mondavi\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.beringer.com/en/visit/mandarin-tours\">Beringer\u003c/a> host frequent Mandarin-language tours, and other wineries have menus in Chinese. At the tasting room at \u003ca href=\"http://www.honigwine.com/\">Honig Winery\u003c/a> in Rutherford, there are Chinese signs, including ads for a door-to-door international delivery service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a balcony overlooking his vineyard, Michael Honig points to row upon row of grapes that will eventually become sauvignon blanc and cabernet. Both are among the wines that his winery sends to China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past decade, U.S. wine exports to “greater” China, including Taiwan, \u003ca href=\"http://www.wineinstitute.org/resources/pressroom/03232018\">rose 450 percent\u003c/a>. But last month \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/04/02/598870076/what-chinese-tariffs-targeting-american-crops-will-mean-for-farmers\">China slapped a tariff\u003c/a> on U.S. wine, and other food and agricultural products, in retaliation for U.S. tariffs on steel and aluminum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China is now one of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.discovercaliforniawines.com/u-s-wine-exports-total-1-53-billion-in-2017/?t=popup\">top export destinations\u003c/a> for U.S. wine, the vast majority of which comes from California. But, before the latest tariff spat, the combined taxes and tariffs for importing them to China were already more than 48 percent. On top of that, importers, distributors and retailers in China have to make a profit, too, and there are also shipping and warehousing costs. This already means a huge markup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our price point in the U.S. for our Napa cab, for example, it’s roughly $50 on the shelf,” Honig says. “In China, it’s more than double. It’s over $100 on the shelf in China.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And now there’s a 15 percent tariff increase. Most Chinese consumers haven’t felt the sting of the new prices yet because stores there are still stocked with pre-tariff wine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/612115771/612253770\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeff Zhang, who runs a company called \u003ca href=\"https://m.weibo.cn/p/1005056009747504\">Napa Go\u003c/a>, which markets U.S. wines in China, says the big wine-drinking season is around Chinese New Year. The spring is usually a good time to restock, but this year some importers are delaying their purchases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of the tariff increase, there are a good amount of wine being put on hold in the inventory from the U.S., not shipping to China,” Zhang says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Importers want to make sure there will be enough demand at the new prices. Honig winery had an annual shipment — worth hundreds of thousands of dollars — scheduled for this month. That’s now on hold until the fall. Likewise, \u003ca href=\"https://wentevineyards.com/\">Wente Vineyards\u003c/a> in Livermore has $500,000 in wine shipments on hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chinese study-abroad student Kai Feng Chen was visiting a vineyard outside Calistoga recently. He said his friends who have traveled to Napa know how good the wine is and will likely continue to buy it. But if the tariffs boost the prices for people back home in China, that would make those wines less popular.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11661709/should-california-winemakers-be-worried-about-chinas-tariffs\">How Worried Should California Winemakers Be About China’s Tariffs?\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11661709/should-california-winemakers-be-worried-about-chinas-tariffs\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS11744_IMG_0004-1180x885.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“If you have [a] $500 budget for wine, most Chinese I believe would choose French wine instead of American wine,” Chen says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And French wines are not the only competition, Honig says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at other wines from around the world — New Zealand, Australia, Chile — they either have zero tariffs or going to zero tariffs next year, as it relates to China. We’re going up. It doesn’t make any sense,” the winemaker says. “We’re not gonna go out of business because we don’t sell wine in China, but I think the bigger challenge is we’re going the wrong direction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few wineries have opted to temporarily take on the entire hit of the new tariffs themselves, fearing a lost market share now might take them years to build back. Other wineries are splitting the cost burden with importers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later this month, winemakers from around the world will converge in Hong Kong for \u003ca href=\"http://www.vinexpohongkong.com/visit/the-exhibition/\">one of the largest wine shows of the year\u003c/a>. Many California winemakers are hoping trade talks will be resolved by then, so they can continue to make inroads into this growing market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=California+Winemakers+Nervous+About+U.S.-China+Trade+Talks&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/julian-m-alston-460054\">Julian M. Alston\u003c/a> is Director of the Robert Mondavi Institute Center for Wine Economics; \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/daniel-sumner-164021\">Daniel Sumner\u003c/a> is Frank H. Buck, Jr, Distinguished Professor of Agricultural and Resource Economics; and \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/olena-sambucci-460055\">Olena Sambucci\u003c/a> is a Postdoctoral Scholar in Agricultural and Resource Economics, all at the \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-california-davis-1312\">University of California, Davis\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s vintners and grape growers are among the latest potential victims in the escalating trade spat between the U.S. and China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Responding to U.S. plans to impose import duties on goods from China, the Chinese Ministry of Commerce \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/01/world/asia/china-tariffs-united-states.html\">reciprocated\u003c/a> by introducing new tariffs on 128 U.S. products, including an additional 15 percent import tariff on wine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wine producers in California are concerned about the immediate and longer-term implications of this new tariff, on top of those already in place. \u003ca href=\"http://www.lodinews.com/news/article_cb943f44-395d-11e8-9d3b-5b199814232a.html\">Reports have already begun to circulate\u003c/a> about orders being canceled, redirected or renegotiated as a result.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How worried should U.S. winemakers be?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The U.S. Wine Industry\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The U.S. is a major player in the global wine industry both in terms of consumption and production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Americans \u003ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/wine-globalization/united-states/F91DB4F30BC37145AC9B92F37C2AA5D7\">consumed 3.59 billion liters of wine\u003c/a> in 2016, or about 11.1 liters per person. About a third of that was imported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In terms of production, the U.S. \u003ca href=\"http://www.wineinstitute.org/files/World_Wine_Production_by_Country_2015.pdf\">ranks fourth\u003c/a> after Italy, France and Spain – \u003ca href=\"https://www.wineinstitute.org/resources/statistics/article83\">making more than 3 billion liters\u003c/a> in 2016. California produced about 85 percent of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the vast majority of U.S. wine is consumed domestically, about 10 percent is shipped overseas. In 2017, the U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/wine-globalization/united-states/F91DB4F30BC37145AC9B92F37C2AA5D7\">exported 380 million liters\u003c/a> of wine worth US$1.46 billion. Canada was the top destination, importing 28 percent of the total, followed by the U.K. with 15 percent, Hong Kong at 8 percent and Japan with 6 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"4lR2z\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/4lR2z/4/\" height=\"600px\" width=\"100%\" style=\"border: none\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>China’s Small Share\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>China, for its part, imports quite a bit of wine. Very little, however, comes from the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China imported some $2.37 billion worth of wine in 2016, most of which came from the European Union. Only \u003ca href=\"https://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/visualize/tree_map/hs92/export/usa/show/2204/2016/\">$76 million\u003c/a>, or 2.2 percent, was American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"sAd9I\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/sAd9I/4/\" height=\"600px\" width=\"100%\" style=\"border: none\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That puts China sixth among top destinations for U.S. wine exports, with a share of about 5 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These \u003ca href=\"https://www.adelaide.edu.au/wine-econ/pubs/working_papers/WP0517.pdf\">figures underestimate\u003c/a> the true value somewhat because more than half of Hong Kong’s imports are then shipped or smuggled to China. Even allowing for these adjustments, Chinese consumption of U.S. wine makes up less than 1 percent of the total value of American production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s clear that at the moment China is not all that important to most California wine producers. Why then are U.S. wine producers anxious about new tariffs disrupting trade to this relatively minor market?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s all about the future. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although per capita consumption of wine in China remains very low, China is the world’s fastest-growing wine market and is expected to soon become the second largest, after the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From 2000 to 2016, \u003ca href=\"https://www.adelaide.edu.au/wine-econ/pubs/working_papers/WP0517.pdf\">Chinese wine consumption soared\u003c/a> from 219 million liters in 2000 to 1.24 billion liters in 2016. \u003ca href=\"https://www.adelaide.edu.au/wine-econ/pubs/working_papers/WP0517.pdf\">Some observers estimate\u003c/a> growth was even higher. Much of that consumption was imported – especially in the premium wine segment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/wine-globalization/asia-and-other-emerging-regions/85F1403DA98F8B4BB57F837734D91589\">Economists who have studied these markets\u003c/a> project further significant growth in China’s demand for wine, including premium wine imports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This would make getting pushed out of China especially troubling at a time when global per-capita wine consumption has been declining, especially in Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"WKNFE\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/WKNFE/1/\" height=\"600px\" width=\"100%\" style=\"border: none\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Already at a Disadvantage\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even without the new tax, U.S. exporters were facing a tilted playing field that would have constrained the potential for increasing California’s market share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without the new tariffs, China already collected a tariff of 14 percent on most U.S. wine – though it can reach as high as 20 percent in some categories. In contrast, \u003ca href=\"https://www.adelaide.edu.au/wine-econ/pubs/working_papers/WP0517.pdf\">wine from some countries\u003c/a>, such as Chile, Georgia, New Zealand and, starting next year, Australia, enter China duty-free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the new tariff in effect, most American wines will incur duties of 29 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hong Kong, however, does offer a back door to U.S. wine. The China-governed island phased out its own steep tariffs on wine imports a decade ago. This has created an incentive for smuggling.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Market Lost?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>So what does all this mean?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the small share of total U.S. wine currently going to China, the new tariff would not likely have a material effect on the American wine industry, whether in terms of domestic prices or producer bottom lines. Still, it will be disruptive for particular businesses especially in the near term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The real concern for American wine producers is that high tariffs applied today may make U.S. wine too expensive and cause them to miss out as hundreds of millions of Chinese middle-income consumers increase their wine consumption over the next decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://counter.theconversation.com/content/94607/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\">More broadly, if the trade spat escalates to a trade war, serious damage will be done to all of U.S. agriculture, including grape and wine producers. Even more troubling, if the loss of trade causes broader damage to the U.S. economy, it could even affect demand for California wine in its most important market: the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was originally published on \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/should-california-winemakers-be-worried-about-chinas-tariffs-94607\">The Conversation\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/julian-m-alston-460054\">Julian M. Alston\u003c/a> is Director of the Robert Mondavi Institute Center for Wine Economics; \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/daniel-sumner-164021\">Daniel Sumner\u003c/a> is Frank H. Buck, Jr, Distinguished Professor of Agricultural and Resource Economics; and \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/olena-sambucci-460055\">Olena Sambucci\u003c/a> is a Postdoctoral Scholar in Agricultural and Resource Economics, all at the \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-california-davis-1312\">University of California, Davis\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s vintners and grape growers are among the latest potential victims in the escalating trade spat between the U.S. and China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Responding to U.S. plans to impose import duties on goods from China, the Chinese Ministry of Commerce \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/01/world/asia/china-tariffs-united-states.html\">reciprocated\u003c/a> by introducing new tariffs on 128 U.S. products, including an additional 15 percent import tariff on wine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wine producers in California are concerned about the immediate and longer-term implications of this new tariff, on top of those already in place. \u003ca href=\"http://www.lodinews.com/news/article_cb943f44-395d-11e8-9d3b-5b199814232a.html\">Reports have already begun to circulate\u003c/a> about orders being canceled, redirected or renegotiated as a result.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How worried should U.S. winemakers be?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The U.S. Wine Industry\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The U.S. is a major player in the global wine industry both in terms of consumption and production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Americans \u003ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/wine-globalization/united-states/F91DB4F30BC37145AC9B92F37C2AA5D7\">consumed 3.59 billion liters of wine\u003c/a> in 2016, or about 11.1 liters per person. About a third of that was imported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In terms of production, the U.S. \u003ca href=\"http://www.wineinstitute.org/files/World_Wine_Production_by_Country_2015.pdf\">ranks fourth\u003c/a> after Italy, France and Spain – \u003ca href=\"https://www.wineinstitute.org/resources/statistics/article83\">making more than 3 billion liters\u003c/a> in 2016. California produced about 85 percent of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the vast majority of U.S. wine is consumed domestically, about 10 percent is shipped overseas. In 2017, the U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/wine-globalization/united-states/F91DB4F30BC37145AC9B92F37C2AA5D7\">exported 380 million liters\u003c/a> of wine worth US$1.46 billion. Canada was the top destination, importing 28 percent of the total, followed by the U.K. with 15 percent, Hong Kong at 8 percent and Japan with 6 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"4lR2z\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/4lR2z/4/\" height=\"600px\" width=\"100%\" style=\"border: none\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>China’s Small Share\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>China, for its part, imports quite a bit of wine. Very little, however, comes from the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China imported some $2.37 billion worth of wine in 2016, most of which came from the European Union. Only \u003ca href=\"https://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/visualize/tree_map/hs92/export/usa/show/2204/2016/\">$76 million\u003c/a>, or 2.2 percent, was American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"sAd9I\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/sAd9I/4/\" height=\"600px\" width=\"100%\" style=\"border: none\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That puts China sixth among top destinations for U.S. wine exports, with a share of about 5 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These \u003ca href=\"https://www.adelaide.edu.au/wine-econ/pubs/working_papers/WP0517.pdf\">figures underestimate\u003c/a> the true value somewhat because more than half of Hong Kong’s imports are then shipped or smuggled to China. Even allowing for these adjustments, Chinese consumption of U.S. wine makes up less than 1 percent of the total value of American production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s clear that at the moment China is not all that important to most California wine producers. Why then are U.S. wine producers anxious about new tariffs disrupting trade to this relatively minor market?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s all about the future. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although per capita consumption of wine in China remains very low, China is the world’s fastest-growing wine market and is expected to soon become the second largest, after the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From 2000 to 2016, \u003ca href=\"https://www.adelaide.edu.au/wine-econ/pubs/working_papers/WP0517.pdf\">Chinese wine consumption soared\u003c/a> from 219 million liters in 2000 to 1.24 billion liters in 2016. \u003ca href=\"https://www.adelaide.edu.au/wine-econ/pubs/working_papers/WP0517.pdf\">Some observers estimate\u003c/a> growth was even higher. Much of that consumption was imported – especially in the premium wine segment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/wine-globalization/asia-and-other-emerging-regions/85F1403DA98F8B4BB57F837734D91589\">Economists who have studied these markets\u003c/a> project further significant growth in China’s demand for wine, including premium wine imports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This would make getting pushed out of China especially troubling at a time when global per-capita wine consumption has been declining, especially in Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"WKNFE\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/WKNFE/1/\" height=\"600px\" width=\"100%\" style=\"border: none\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Already at a Disadvantage\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even without the new tax, U.S. exporters were facing a tilted playing field that would have constrained the potential for increasing California’s market share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without the new tariffs, China already collected a tariff of 14 percent on most U.S. wine – though it can reach as high as 20 percent in some categories. In contrast, \u003ca href=\"https://www.adelaide.edu.au/wine-econ/pubs/working_papers/WP0517.pdf\">wine from some countries\u003c/a>, such as Chile, Georgia, New Zealand and, starting next year, Australia, enter China duty-free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the new tariff in effect, most American wines will incur duties of 29 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hong Kong, however, does offer a back door to U.S. wine. The China-governed island phased out its own steep tariffs on wine imports a decade ago. This has created an incentive for smuggling.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Market Lost?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>So what does all this mean?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the small share of total U.S. wine currently going to China, the new tariff would not likely have a material effect on the American wine industry, whether in terms of domestic prices or producer bottom lines. Still, it will be disruptive for particular businesses especially in the near term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The real concern for American wine producers is that high tariffs applied today may make U.S. wine too expensive and cause them to miss out as hundreds of millions of Chinese middle-income consumers increase their wine consumption over the next decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://counter.theconversation.com/content/94607/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\">More broadly, if the trade spat escalates to a trade war, serious damage will be done to all of U.S. agriculture, including grape and wine producers. Even more troubling, if the loss of trade causes broader damage to the U.S. economy, it could even affect demand for California wine in its most important market: the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was originally published on \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/should-california-winemakers-be-worried-about-chinas-tariffs-94607\">The Conversation\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A review of Sonoma County’s response to last October’s deadly wildfires has found that the county’s procedures for issuing emergency alerts and warnings were “uncoordinated and included gaps, overlaps, and redundancies,” according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4388831-Cal-OES-Public-Alert-and-Warning-Program.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report\u003c/a> released Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report from the Governor’s Office of Emergency Services also said that in the early hours of the conflagration, the “county lacked reliable, timely, and coordinated situational awareness as to the scale, size, and scope of the fires’ growth, character, and movement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty-four people died in the county as wind-whipped fires swept into Santa Rosa and other communities late on the evening of Oct. 8 and early Oct. 9. The blazes destroyed more than 5,000 homes in the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report found that during the critical time period, “Sonoma County had in place an established public alert and warning capability with the means to alert a wide range of county residents and visitors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report said a decision not to send wireless emergency alerts to cellphones was “influenced by a limited awareness and understanding of the system’s capabilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chris Helgren, former emergency manager for Sonoma County Fire and Emergency Services, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/25/north-bay-fires-what-took-authorities-so-long-to-warn-people/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">faced questions\u003c/a> about his decision not to send wireless emergency alerts, even as the Tubbs Fire still burned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helgren said in previous interviews with KQED that he was concerned about the possibility of panic and traffic jams if wireless emergency alerts were sent out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that our decisions saved lives,” he had said. “And I can’t imagine having a wider alert for people that were not in the immediate danger area. I can’t imagine what that would have added to the already overly congested situation, where literally the roads were locked and there was no movement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Rosa Press Democrat \u003ca href=\"http://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/8023746-181/sonoma-county-emergency-official-reassigned\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported last week\u003c/a> that Helgren has been reassigned to a new position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state OES report said Sonoma County would benefit from additional training and more preparation and analysis associated with “rapidly evolving evacuation scenarios.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sonoma County Board of Supervisors will discuss the report’s findings at its meeting Tuesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Marisa Lagos, Sukey Lewis and Lisa Pickoff-White contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Read the Cal OES report below.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[documentcloud url=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4388831-Cal-OES-Public-Alert-and-Warning-Program\" notes=\"true\" text=\"true\" search=\"true\" sidebar=\"true\" pdf=\"true\" responsive=\"true\" page=\"1\"]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A review of Sonoma County’s response to last October’s deadly wildfires has found that the county’s procedures for issuing emergency alerts and warnings were “uncoordinated and included gaps, overlaps, and redundancies,” according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4388831-Cal-OES-Public-Alert-and-Warning-Program.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report\u003c/a> released Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report from the Governor’s Office of Emergency Services also said that in the early hours of the conflagration, the “county lacked reliable, timely, and coordinated situational awareness as to the scale, size, and scope of the fires’ growth, character, and movement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty-four people died in the county as wind-whipped fires swept into Santa Rosa and other communities late on the evening of Oct. 8 and early Oct. 9. The blazes destroyed more than 5,000 homes in the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report found that during the critical time period, “Sonoma County had in place an established public alert and warning capability with the means to alert a wide range of county residents and visitors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report said a decision not to send wireless emergency alerts to cellphones was “influenced by a limited awareness and understanding of the system’s capabilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chris Helgren, former emergency manager for Sonoma County Fire and Emergency Services, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/25/north-bay-fires-what-took-authorities-so-long-to-warn-people/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">faced questions\u003c/a> about his decision not to send wireless emergency alerts, even as the Tubbs Fire still burned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helgren said in previous interviews with KQED that he was concerned about the possibility of panic and traffic jams if wireless emergency alerts were sent out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that our decisions saved lives,” he had said. “And I can’t imagine having a wider alert for people that were not in the immediate danger area. I can’t imagine what that would have added to the already overly congested situation, where literally the roads were locked and there was no movement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Rosa Press Democrat \u003ca href=\"http://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/8023746-181/sonoma-county-emergency-official-reassigned\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported last week\u003c/a> that Helgren has been reassigned to a new position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state OES report said Sonoma County would benefit from additional training and more preparation and analysis associated with “rapidly evolving evacuation scenarios.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sonoma County Board of Supervisors will discuss the report’s findings at its meeting Tuesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Marisa Lagos, Sukey Lewis and Lisa Pickoff-White contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Read the Cal OES report below.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Signs of Life Sprout Up in North Bay’s Burned Natural Landscapes",
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"content": "\u003cp>A rejuvenation of the land brought out about a dozen “fire walk” hikers to open space near the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sonomaecologycenter.org/\">Sonoma Ecology Center\u003c/a> recently. This area, known to locals as the Valley of the Moon, burned in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Wine-Country-fires-destroyed-8-889-structures-12328007.php\">wildfires\u003c/a> last fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biologist Caitlin Cornwall leads the hike. She points to a group of madrones, which usually have a shiny red and brown bark. These are charred, with burnt leaves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Cornwall reminds the group to look up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2018/02/FireRecoveryPlansCamhi.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29248_IMG_0335-qut-800x600.jpg\" Title=\"Signs of Life Sprout Up in North Bay’s Burned Natural Landscapes\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of those green leaves are new since the fire,” says Cornwall. “That tree looked dead, and pretty soon it’s going to be hard to tell that these trees burned.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farther down the trail, Cornwall finds an oak tree with leaves sprouting from its trunk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You just don’t see this normally,” she says. “I’ve been talking about these species for 30 years and I didn’t know they could do this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11648093\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11648093\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Biologist Caitlin Cornwall (right) leads curious hikers on a walk around Lake Suttonfield. \u003ccite>(Tiffany Camhi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Cornwall has been leading these fire recovery walks since December, but now with spring just around the corner, these charred lands are beginning to explode with color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cornwall is not surprised. She says fire has benefits for the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Native Americans who lived here would even periodically start grass fires to stimulate plant growth, Cornwall says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The effects of fire are like a renewal,” says Cornwall. “It gets rid of dead vegetation, it cleans the ground surface of diseases and it makes room for more plants to grow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That practice ended when Europeans settled California. But Cornwall says the plants are still well adapted to the fires we experience now. And she says these fires are not all bad. It’s actually what helps keep this natural landscape healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fires caused loss and trauma and we need to do a lot more as a society to better prepare for them, but we also live in a place where the beauty that we love here so much is not threatened by an event like this,” says Cornwall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11648092\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11648092\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">New plant life is rapidly sprouting up in some burned areas in Sonoma County. \u003ccite>(Tiffany Camhi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Oakmont resident Margaret Neilsen says she came on this walk as part of her own healing process from the wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know this isn’t going to help the people who lost their homes,” says Neilsen. “But I feel much better knowing that at least the landscape is going to recover.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sonoma Ecology Center is hosting “Fire Recovery Walks” through February.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A rejuvenation of the land brought out about a dozen “fire walk” hikers to open space near the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sonomaecologycenter.org/\">Sonoma Ecology Center\u003c/a> recently. This area, known to locals as the Valley of the Moon, burned in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Wine-Country-fires-destroyed-8-889-structures-12328007.php\">wildfires\u003c/a> last fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biologist Caitlin Cornwall leads the hike. She points to a group of madrones, which usually have a shiny red and brown bark. These are charred, with burnt leaves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Cornwall reminds the group to look up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of those green leaves are new since the fire,” says Cornwall. “That tree looked dead, and pretty soon it’s going to be hard to tell that these trees burned.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farther down the trail, Cornwall finds an oak tree with leaves sprouting from its trunk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You just don’t see this normally,” she says. “I’ve been talking about these species for 30 years and I didn’t know they could do this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11648093\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11648093\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29246_IMG_0310-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Biologist Caitlin Cornwall (right) leads curious hikers on a walk around Lake Suttonfield. \u003ccite>(Tiffany Camhi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Cornwall has been leading these fire recovery walks since December, but now with spring just around the corner, these charred lands are beginning to explode with color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cornwall is not surprised. She says fire has benefits for the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Native Americans who lived here would even periodically start grass fires to stimulate plant growth, Cornwall says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The effects of fire are like a renewal,” says Cornwall. “It gets rid of dead vegetation, it cleans the ground surface of diseases and it makes room for more plants to grow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That practice ended when Europeans settled California. But Cornwall says the plants are still well adapted to the fires we experience now. And she says these fires are not all bad. It’s actually what helps keep this natural landscape healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fires caused loss and trauma and we need to do a lot more as a society to better prepare for them, but we also live in a place where the beauty that we love here so much is not threatened by an event like this,” says Cornwall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11648092\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11648092\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29245_IMG_0308-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">New plant life is rapidly sprouting up in some burned areas in Sonoma County. \u003ccite>(Tiffany Camhi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Oakmont resident Margaret Neilsen says she came on this walk as part of her own healing process from the wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know this isn’t going to help the people who lost their homes,” says Neilsen. “But I feel much better knowing that at least the landscape is going to recover.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sonoma Ecology Center is hosting “Fire Recovery Walks” through February.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]A[/dropcap]round 10 p.m. on the night of Oct. 8, 2017, an unidentified woman frantically called 911.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are blocked, and we can’t get out of here,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was her second call of the night, and her voice sounded shaky. She was trapped behind a tree in the Franz Valley area northwest of Calistoga as a neighboring house went up in flames.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 911 operator said she would send help, but no evacuations had been ordered for that area yet. As Cal Fire crews saw the quickly moving flames burn through the hills around Calistoga, they realized people needed to evacuate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 10:30 p.m. state fire officials tried to get law enforcement to call and warn people on their home phones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those calls did not go out until 11:35 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S06shHLLLjk&feature=youtu.be\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 11:59 p.m., Cal Fire expanded its request for evacuations to include the entire area from Calistoga west to the city of Santa Rosa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But residents did not receive another alert, of any kind, until 1:05 a.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of hours of 911 calls and dispatch recordings reviewed by KQED expose gaps in the emergency response system. These problems go beyond North Bay communities and touch on the limitations of current evacuation procedures, the challenge of communicating across jurisdictional boundaries and the difficulties in notifying hundreds of thousands of people when disaster strikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the night of Oct. 8, those problems led to overwhelmed emergency operators giving 911 callers conflicting information about whether to evacuate. In some instances, operators told residents to stay put until law enforcement officers knocked on their doors. Others told callers to use their judgment and evacuate if they felt unsafe. In more than one case, dispatchers who were asked to send out evacuation calls didn’t know what they needed to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Tubbs Fire would ultimately kill 22 people and destroy thousands of homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2018/01/FireCommsLewisPickoffWhite.mp3\" title=\"Cal Fire Asked Sonoma Officials to Call Residents to Evacuate\" program=\"KQED News\" image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/29025_transform.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]A[/dropcap]aron Abbott, who runs Sonoma County’s fire and medical dispatch center, Redcom, acknowledged that authorities were overwhelmed in the early hours of the fire as they fielded hundreds of calls. The Redcom center, where 911 operators are located, was itself impacted by the fires. The dispatch center lost power — causing the room to fill with smoke. Flames burned within a few hundred feet of the building, nearly forcing Abbott to evacuate his staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was not the wall of fire coming down the mountain like I think a lot of people have this concept in their head,” Abbott said. “What we experienced in the dispatch center were hundreds of disparate fire locations throughout the entire county … and when you have that many fire locations and that many responders being dispatched to disparate locations, it’s going to take some time to understand what the nature of this fire was.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”PyTgw4wvAbUnq8c2hRXYQrhEiHItWOJv”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Firefighters and law enforcement officers also faced logistical challenges as they attempted to save lives and evacuate people: Power lines knocked down by high winds sprawled across roads, blocking access; landlines went dead as the fire chewed through telephone lines; and even mobile phones were rendered useless after the fires took out more than 70 cellphone towers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Cox, a Northern California battalion chief for Cal Fire, said the fire’s speed made it hard to get people out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Tubbs Fire was moving at a football-field-a-minute from the Calistoga side of this area,” Cox said. “It was one of those instances where the disaster was moving faster than literally people could communicate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]B[/dropcap]ut evacuation procedures also contributed to some of the delays in getting people out of harm’s way. As blazes bore down on Sonoma County homes, Cal Fire wasn’t authorized to order evacuations. Neither were dispatchers. Only law enforcement could tell people they had to leave their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means in the first hours of the October fire, Cal Fire recommended evacuations to Redcom dispatchers, who then had to get approval from the Sheriff’s Department before they could order people to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have a state agency in another county who asked to call us in this county because something going on in their county is now crossing jurisdictional lines and they need the authorities in this county to be able to send the alerts out locally here because they’re not going to have, in another county, the infrastructure or even the capability … or the authority to send an alert in this county,” Redcom’s Abbott said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also complicating matters are the different types of alerts that exist and how they are sent out:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/wireless-emergency-alerts-wea\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wireless Emergency Alert, or WEA\u003c/a>: When phone companies override private cellphones in a specific geographic area on behalf of government agencies and send you an alert you cannot ignore — for instance, these are commonly used for Amber Alerts\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://safetyinformed.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reverse 911\u003c/a>: When 911 operators call you, often on a landline\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://sonomacounty.ca.gov/FES/Emergency-Management/SoCoAlert/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SoCo Alert\u003c/a>: An opt-in system that is similar to Reverse 911 that can send alerts to phone lines, emails and texts\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nixle.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nixle\u003c/a>: An opt-in system that many county agencies, including Sonoma and Napa, use to contact residents via text and email alerts\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Even with these various technologies available, many residents in the path of the fire never received a single evacuation notification. Between the time the fires broke out and 2 a.m., Sonoma County officials sent out four alerts through SoCo. The city of Santa Rosa sent out three alerts, but not until 1:53 a.m., after the fire had jumped over Highway 101, a six-lane freeway, and was already in the city’s residential subdivisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sonoma County officials also sent out four alerts about evacuations and the fires through the opt-in system Nixle between 11 p.m. and 2 a.m. That included a Nixle alert sent at 11:03 p.m. warning people to evacuate around Porter Creek and Petrified Forest Road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chris Helgren, emergency manager for Sonoma County Fire and Emergency Services, faced questions about his decision not to send wireless emergency alerts even as the Tubbs Fire still burned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that our decisions saved lives,” he said. “And I can’t imagine having a wider alert for people that were not in the immediate danger area. I can’t imagine what that would have added to the already overly congested situation, where literally the roads were locked and there was no movement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sonoma County Sheriff Robert Giordano declined KQED’s request for an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has been well documented that we had 29 deputies on duty when the fire broke out and over 170 deputies responded within the first 12 hours,” sheriff’s spokesman Spencer Crum wrote in an email. “We went door to door notifying residents of the fire, along with sending Nixles and a SoCo Alert reverse 911 call to residents to evacuate. At this time we are focused on rebuilding our community here in Sonoma County.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2018/01/NBFiresInvestigation180125.mp3\" title=\"North Bay Fires Show Gaps in California's Emergency Alert Systems\" program=\"The California Report\" image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/27212_transform.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]C[/dropcap]ounty officials say they’re examining their communications system in the wake of what happened in October and weighing whether changes should be made. Abbott, who runs the dispatch center, said giving more people the authority to make evacuation calls could make alerts go out faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But if you’re going to do that, you also have to indemnify those folks, too, from liability, right?” he said. “Because if you’re not a law enforcement entity and you’re telling people to leave their homes, and then somebody gets hurt in the process, you’re going to be on the hook.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11644178\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11644178\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Cal Fire dispatcher Eric Pastrama came in on the night of Oct. 8. One of his first jobs that night was to call in more staff as the fires spread.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cal Fire dispatcher Eric Pastrama came in on the night of Oct. 8. One of his first jobs that night was to call in more staff as the fires spread. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>New laws could also impact how the public is notified of emergencies. Earlier this month, state Sen. Mike McGuire (D-Healdsburg) \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB833\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">introduced legislation\u003c/a> that could create a statewide notification system through Wireless Emergency Alerts. The bill would require counties to send alerts to cellphones and landlines as well as broadcasting those messages through radio, television and on state-controlled highway billboards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Federal Communications Commission is also \u003ca href=\"https://www.fcc.gov/fcc-takes-action-strengthen-wireless-emergency-alerts-public-safety-tool\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">considering regulations\u003c/a> that would strengthen the Wireless Emergency Alert system and make it more effective. For instance, it is looking at expanding the length of alerts from 90 to 360 characters and allowing the system to target smaller geographic areas. Sonoma County officials said these limitations were part of the reason why they did not want to use the system during the fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Abbott said the disaster has already changed the way he does his job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t care if you’re a dispatcher or you’re fire department or you’re a police officer, or whatever,” Abbott said. “If you were involved in this incident, you’re doing things differently today than you were on the 7th [of October].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sonja Hutson and Peter Arcuni contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">A\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>round 10 p.m. on the night of Oct. 8, 2017, an unidentified woman frantically called 911.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are blocked, and we can’t get out of here,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was her second call of the night, and her voice sounded shaky. She was trapped behind a tree in the Franz Valley area northwest of Calistoga as a neighboring house went up in flames.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 911 operator said she would send help, but no evacuations had been ordered for that area yet. As Cal Fire crews saw the quickly moving flames burn through the hills around Calistoga, they realized people needed to evacuate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 10:30 p.m. state fire officials tried to get law enforcement to call and warn people on their home phones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those calls did not go out until 11:35 p.m.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/S06shHLLLjk'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/S06shHLLLjk'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>By 11:59 p.m., Cal Fire expanded its request for evacuations to include the entire area from Calistoga west to the city of Santa Rosa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But residents did not receive another alert, of any kind, until 1:05 a.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of hours of 911 calls and dispatch recordings reviewed by KQED expose gaps in the emergency response system. These problems go beyond North Bay communities and touch on the limitations of current evacuation procedures, the challenge of communicating across jurisdictional boundaries and the difficulties in notifying hundreds of thousands of people when disaster strikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the night of Oct. 8, those problems led to overwhelmed emergency operators giving 911 callers conflicting information about whether to evacuate. In some instances, operators told residents to stay put until law enforcement officers knocked on their doors. Others told callers to use their judgment and evacuate if they felt unsafe. In more than one case, dispatchers who were asked to send out evacuation calls didn’t know what they needed to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Tubbs Fire would ultimately kill 22 people and destroy thousands of homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Cal Fire Asked Sonoma Officials to Call Residents to Evacuate",
"program": "KQED News",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">A\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>aron Abbott, who runs Sonoma County’s fire and medical dispatch center, Redcom, acknowledged that authorities were overwhelmed in the early hours of the fire as they fielded hundreds of calls. The Redcom center, where 911 operators are located, was itself impacted by the fires. The dispatch center lost power — causing the room to fill with smoke. Flames burned within a few hundred feet of the building, nearly forcing Abbott to evacuate his staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was not the wall of fire coming down the mountain like I think a lot of people have this concept in their head,” Abbott said. “What we experienced in the dispatch center were hundreds of disparate fire locations throughout the entire county … and when you have that many fire locations and that many responders being dispatched to disparate locations, it’s going to take some time to understand what the nature of this fire was.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Firefighters and law enforcement officers also faced logistical challenges as they attempted to save lives and evacuate people: Power lines knocked down by high winds sprawled across roads, blocking access; landlines went dead as the fire chewed through telephone lines; and even mobile phones were rendered useless after the fires took out more than 70 cellphone towers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Cox, a Northern California battalion chief for Cal Fire, said the fire’s speed made it hard to get people out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Tubbs Fire was moving at a football-field-a-minute from the Calistoga side of this area,” Cox said. “It was one of those instances where the disaster was moving faster than literally people could communicate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">B\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>ut evacuation procedures also contributed to some of the delays in getting people out of harm’s way. As blazes bore down on Sonoma County homes, Cal Fire wasn’t authorized to order evacuations. Neither were dispatchers. Only law enforcement could tell people they had to leave their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means in the first hours of the October fire, Cal Fire recommended evacuations to Redcom dispatchers, who then had to get approval from the Sheriff’s Department before they could order people to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have a state agency in another county who asked to call us in this county because something going on in their county is now crossing jurisdictional lines and they need the authorities in this county to be able to send the alerts out locally here because they’re not going to have, in another county, the infrastructure or even the capability … or the authority to send an alert in this county,” Redcom’s Abbott said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also complicating matters are the different types of alerts that exist and how they are sent out:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/wireless-emergency-alerts-wea\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wireless Emergency Alert, or WEA\u003c/a>: When phone companies override private cellphones in a specific geographic area on behalf of government agencies and send you an alert you cannot ignore — for instance, these are commonly used for Amber Alerts\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://safetyinformed.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reverse 911\u003c/a>: When 911 operators call you, often on a landline\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://sonomacounty.ca.gov/FES/Emergency-Management/SoCoAlert/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SoCo Alert\u003c/a>: An opt-in system that is similar to Reverse 911 that can send alerts to phone lines, emails and texts\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nixle.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nixle\u003c/a>: An opt-in system that many county agencies, including Sonoma and Napa, use to contact residents via text and email alerts\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Even with these various technologies available, many residents in the path of the fire never received a single evacuation notification. Between the time the fires broke out and 2 a.m., Sonoma County officials sent out four alerts through SoCo. The city of Santa Rosa sent out three alerts, but not until 1:53 a.m., after the fire had jumped over Highway 101, a six-lane freeway, and was already in the city’s residential subdivisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sonoma County officials also sent out four alerts about evacuations and the fires through the opt-in system Nixle between 11 p.m. and 2 a.m. That included a Nixle alert sent at 11:03 p.m. warning people to evacuate around Porter Creek and Petrified Forest Road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chris Helgren, emergency manager for Sonoma County Fire and Emergency Services, faced questions about his decision not to send wireless emergency alerts even as the Tubbs Fire still burned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that our decisions saved lives,” he said. “And I can’t imagine having a wider alert for people that were not in the immediate danger area. I can’t imagine what that would have added to the already overly congested situation, where literally the roads were locked and there was no movement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sonoma County Sheriff Robert Giordano declined KQED’s request for an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has been well documented that we had 29 deputies on duty when the fire broke out and over 170 deputies responded within the first 12 hours,” sheriff’s spokesman Spencer Crum wrote in an email. “We went door to door notifying residents of the fire, along with sending Nixles and a SoCo Alert reverse 911 call to residents to evacuate. At this time we are focused on rebuilding our community here in Sonoma County.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"src": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2018/01/NBFiresInvestigation180125.mp3",
"title": "North Bay Fires Show Gaps in California's Emergency Alert Systems",
"program": "The California Report",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">C\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>ounty officials say they’re examining their communications system in the wake of what happened in October and weighing whether changes should be made. Abbott, who runs the dispatch center, said giving more people the authority to make evacuation calls could make alerts go out faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But if you’re going to do that, you also have to indemnify those folks, too, from liability, right?” he said. “Because if you’re not a law enforcement entity and you’re telling people to leave their homes, and then somebody gets hurt in the process, you’re going to be on the hook.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11644178\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11644178\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Cal Fire dispatcher Eric Pastrama came in on the night of Oct. 8. One of his first jobs that night was to call in more staff as the fires spread.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/dispatch4-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cal Fire dispatcher Eric Pastrama came in on the night of Oct. 8. One of his first jobs that night was to call in more staff as the fires spread. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>New laws could also impact how the public is notified of emergencies. Earlier this month, state Sen. Mike McGuire (D-Healdsburg) \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB833\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">introduced legislation\u003c/a> that could create a statewide notification system through Wireless Emergency Alerts. The bill would require counties to send alerts to cellphones and landlines as well as broadcasting those messages through radio, television and on state-controlled highway billboards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Federal Communications Commission is also \u003ca href=\"https://www.fcc.gov/fcc-takes-action-strengthen-wireless-emergency-alerts-public-safety-tool\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">considering regulations\u003c/a> that would strengthen the Wireless Emergency Alert system and make it more effective. For instance, it is looking at expanding the length of alerts from 90 to 360 characters and allowing the system to target smaller geographic areas. Sonoma County officials said these limitations were part of the reason why they did not want to use the system during the fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Abbott said the disaster has already changed the way he does his job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t care if you’re a dispatcher or you’re fire department or you’re a police officer, or whatever,” Abbott said. “If you were involved in this incident, you’re doing things differently today than you were on the 7th [of October].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sonja Hutson and Peter Arcuni contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Insurance Claims for Northern California Wildfires Reach $9 Billion",
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"content": "\u003cp>More than $9 billion in insurance claims have been filed following wildfires that ravaged Northern California two months ago, the state's top insurance regulator said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The figure represents residential, commercial, automobile and other property claims filed with 260 insurers by Dec. 1, Insurance Commissioner Dave Jones said. It's up from \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/10/31/wildfires-price-tag-3-3b-most-expensive-in-state-history/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$3.3 billion\u003c/a> in losses that Jones announced in late October. He said the number is not likely to rise significantly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/north-bay-fires-information/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wildfires that ripped through Northern California\u003c/a> were the deadliest in state history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This represents one of the most devastating series of fires in California's history in terms of insured losses,\" Jones told The Associated Press. \"And behind those staggering numbers are personal stories of tragedy and loss, and 44 individuals whose lives were lost.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People have filed claims about full or partial losses of more than 18,000 homes, most of them in Sonoma County, where a blaze destroyed several neighborhoods. There were nearly 2,300 business property claims, nearly 5,000 vehicle claims and 650 claims for other property, including boats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones said the state has helped at least 2,000 people with insurance questions or disputes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the staggering losses in a short period of time, Jones said there's \"no question\" that insurers have the money available to pay claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also Wednesday, the FBI announced it's created a task force with state and local agencies to investigate potential fraud in wildfire relief efforts. The FBI's San Francisco Division said the task force will use intelligence about fraud in other recent disasters, including hurricanes in Texas, Florida and Puerto Rico earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The figure represents residential, commercial, automobile and other property claims filed with 260 insurers by Dec. 1, Insurance Commissioner Dave Jones said.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>More than $9 billion in insurance claims have been filed following wildfires that ravaged Northern California two months ago, the state's top insurance regulator said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The figure represents residential, commercial, automobile and other property claims filed with 260 insurers by Dec. 1, Insurance Commissioner Dave Jones said. It's up from \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/10/31/wildfires-price-tag-3-3b-most-expensive-in-state-history/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$3.3 billion\u003c/a> in losses that Jones announced in late October. He said the number is not likely to rise significantly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/north-bay-fires-information/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wildfires that ripped through Northern California\u003c/a> were the deadliest in state history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This represents one of the most devastating series of fires in California's history in terms of insured losses,\" Jones told The Associated Press. \"And behind those staggering numbers are personal stories of tragedy and loss, and 44 individuals whose lives were lost.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People have filed claims about full or partial losses of more than 18,000 homes, most of them in Sonoma County, where a blaze destroyed several neighborhoods. There were nearly 2,300 business property claims, nearly 5,000 vehicle claims and 650 claims for other property, including boats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones said the state has helped at least 2,000 people with insurance questions or disputes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the staggering losses in a short period of time, Jones said there's \"no question\" that insurers have the money available to pay claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also Wednesday, the FBI announced it's created a task force with state and local agencies to investigate potential fraud in wildfire relief efforts. The FBI's San Francisco Division said the task force will use intelligence about fraud in other recent disasters, including hurricanes in Texas, Florida and Puerto Rico earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "outdoor-emergency-sirens-werent-used-in-north-bay-fires",
"title": "Outdoor Emergency Sirens Weren't Used in North Bay Fires",
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"content": "\u003cp>Outdoor emergency sirens were not used to warn or evacuate Northern California residents from their homes in the path of deadly wildfires that sparked the night of Oct. 8 because there weren’t any installed in the affected neighborhoods, according to officials in Napa, Sonoma and Mendocino counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many fire victims have said they had no warning of the wildfires approaching their neighborhoods, which left them little time to collect important items before evacuating. The fires killed at least 42 people, many of whom were elderly residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mass outdoor alert systems use loud speakers positioned on poles and buildings that broadcast a wailing siren to warn people of a serious or dangerous situation. Some sirens can provide safety information in pre-recorded or live announcements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Napa, Sonoma and Mendocino counties don’t have an outdoor emergency siren system like that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have emergency alert sirens in Sonoma County,” said county spokeswoman Jennifer Larocque. “Those are typically for more coastal, populated areas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11625902\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11625902\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-1180x885.jpeg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-960x720.jpeg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-240x180.jpeg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-375x281.jpeg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-520x390.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This is an outdoor warning siren at Union Square in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Erika Aguilar/KQED News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Outdoor emergency sirens in California are typically used to warn of tsunamis. \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/MendocinoSheriff/posts/10151320580502967\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">There are four in Mendocino County\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mendocino County Sheriff Tom Allman said there are a few more along the coast of Humboldt County, but there aren’t any emergency sirens inland to warn of other disasters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There certainly is a need for loud sirens outside,” Allman said. “They shouldn’t be used for everything. People get tired of hearing them so they just don’t listen to them, but there is certainly a need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Napa County, there is one outdoor siren at a fire station in St. Helena and another at Napa State Hospital, according to county spokeswoman Kristi Jourdan. Both locations were outside evacuation perimeters and therefore not used, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outdoor emergency sirens are sometimes thought of as outdated technology. Long ago, fire stations used them to call in firefighters to work in an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, \u003ca href=\"http://sfdem.org/outdoor-public-warning-system-fact-sheet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">50 sirens were installed in 1942 to warn people of potential air raids\u003c/a> or bombs during World War II. The sirens eventually got old and defunct until the city received $2.1 million in federal funding in 2005 to fix them and add new ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, San Francisco has 114 outdoor wailing sirens capable of broadcasting pre-recorded messages in Spanish, Cantonese and English, and also live announcements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city tests the siren system every Tuesday at noon. Its main purpose is to warn residents of an incoming tsunami and supplement the city’s public emergency alert strategy, said Francis Zamora, director of external affairs at the city’s Department of Emergency Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You want to have a healthy redundancy,” he said. “My mother is not on Twitter, but she will hear the sirens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zamora said the last time the outdoor sirens were sounded was in 2011, only on Treasure Island, to warn residents that potable drinking water was suspected of being polluted after a major water main break. The sirens were followed up with door-to-door visits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the night of the fires, Northern California emergency officials sent text messages, emails and robocalls to landlines, but many residents said they had little to no warning of the approaching fires and evacuated only after \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/10/22/in-time-of-darkness-a-real-life-hero/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hearing neighbors or law enforcement officers banging on doors urging people to get out\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the problem is that the digital alert system counties used during the wildfires, which is called Nixle, is an opt-in program that sends alerts only to people who have signed up for the free messaging service. In addition, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/10/17/feinstein-harris-press-fcc-on-wireless-alert-failures-during-wildfires/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wireless Emergency Alerts, a screeching alarm sent to cellphones much like Amber Alerts, were not deployed.\u003c/a> And nearly 80 cell towers were damaged or destroyed by the fires that also knocked out power lines, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/10/10/fire-victims-frustrated-by-lack-of-wireless-connectivity/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">making it difficult to communicate, including for emergency responders.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outdoor sirens aren’t traditionally used to warn of wildfires. They are commonly known as tornado warnings but \u003ca href=\"http://www.wbtv.com/story/23222373/flash-flood-sirens-added-to-dangerous-swim-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">some cities use them for flash floods\u003c/a> and other disasters, especially as many emergency warning systems rely on wireless or digital power capabilities, said Aaron Wolking, national sales manager at the Colorado-based manufacturer Sentry Sirens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You still need something out there that tells people, ‘Seriously this is a big problem. You need to seek shelter. You need to seek safety,’ ” Wolking said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.midstatecomm.com/PDF/FEMA_guide.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">technical bulletin issued by the Federal Emergency Management Agency in 2006\u003c/a> advised that all new outdoor warning systems, including outdoor sirens, should have alternative power supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no single method of alert and notification that meets the needs of every portion of every community in every situation,” the bulletin states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[documentcloud url=\"http://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4117213-Map-of-Emergency-Sirens-in-San-Francisco.html\" responsive=true]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "Outdoor Emergency Sirens Weren't Used in North Bay Fires | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Outdoor emergency sirens were not used to warn or evacuate Northern California residents from their homes in the path of deadly wildfires that sparked the night of Oct. 8 because there weren’t any installed in the affected neighborhoods, according to officials in Napa, Sonoma and Mendocino counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many fire victims have said they had no warning of the wildfires approaching their neighborhoods, which left them little time to collect important items before evacuating. The fires killed at least 42 people, many of whom were elderly residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mass outdoor alert systems use loud speakers positioned on poles and buildings that broadcast a wailing siren to warn people of a serious or dangerous situation. Some sirens can provide safety information in pre-recorded or live announcements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Napa, Sonoma and Mendocino counties don’t have an outdoor emergency siren system like that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have emergency alert sirens in Sonoma County,” said county spokeswoman Jennifer Larocque. “Those are typically for more coastal, populated areas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11625902\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11625902\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-1180x885.jpeg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-960x720.jpeg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-240x180.jpeg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-375x281.jpeg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/0A9C64CC-B887-4AA0-8DDD-644705056E28-520x390.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This is an outdoor warning siren at Union Square in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Erika Aguilar/KQED News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Outdoor emergency sirens in California are typically used to warn of tsunamis. \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/MendocinoSheriff/posts/10151320580502967\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">There are four in Mendocino County\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mendocino County Sheriff Tom Allman said there are a few more along the coast of Humboldt County, but there aren’t any emergency sirens inland to warn of other disasters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There certainly is a need for loud sirens outside,” Allman said. “They shouldn’t be used for everything. People get tired of hearing them so they just don’t listen to them, but there is certainly a need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Napa County, there is one outdoor siren at a fire station in St. Helena and another at Napa State Hospital, according to county spokeswoman Kristi Jourdan. Both locations were outside evacuation perimeters and therefore not used, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outdoor emergency sirens are sometimes thought of as outdated technology. Long ago, fire stations used them to call in firefighters to work in an emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, \u003ca href=\"http://sfdem.org/outdoor-public-warning-system-fact-sheet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">50 sirens were installed in 1942 to warn people of potential air raids\u003c/a> or bombs during World War II. The sirens eventually got old and defunct until the city received $2.1 million in federal funding in 2005 to fix them and add new ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, San Francisco has 114 outdoor wailing sirens capable of broadcasting pre-recorded messages in Spanish, Cantonese and English, and also live announcements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city tests the siren system every Tuesday at noon. Its main purpose is to warn residents of an incoming tsunami and supplement the city’s public emergency alert strategy, said Francis Zamora, director of external affairs at the city’s Department of Emergency Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You want to have a healthy redundancy,” he said. “My mother is not on Twitter, but she will hear the sirens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zamora said the last time the outdoor sirens were sounded was in 2011, only on Treasure Island, to warn residents that potable drinking water was suspected of being polluted after a major water main break. The sirens were followed up with door-to-door visits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the night of the fires, Northern California emergency officials sent text messages, emails and robocalls to landlines, but many residents said they had little to no warning of the approaching fires and evacuated only after \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/10/22/in-time-of-darkness-a-real-life-hero/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hearing neighbors or law enforcement officers banging on doors urging people to get out\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the problem is that the digital alert system counties used during the wildfires, which is called Nixle, is an opt-in program that sends alerts only to people who have signed up for the free messaging service. In addition, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/10/17/feinstein-harris-press-fcc-on-wireless-alert-failures-during-wildfires/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wireless Emergency Alerts, a screeching alarm sent to cellphones much like Amber Alerts, were not deployed.\u003c/a> And nearly 80 cell towers were damaged or destroyed by the fires that also knocked out power lines, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/10/10/fire-victims-frustrated-by-lack-of-wireless-connectivity/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">making it difficult to communicate, including for emergency responders.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outdoor sirens aren’t traditionally used to warn of wildfires. They are commonly known as tornado warnings but \u003ca href=\"http://www.wbtv.com/story/23222373/flash-flood-sirens-added-to-dangerous-swim-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">some cities use them for flash floods\u003c/a> and other disasters, especially as many emergency warning systems rely on wireless or digital power capabilities, said Aaron Wolking, national sales manager at the Colorado-based manufacturer Sentry Sirens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You still need something out there that tells people, ‘Seriously this is a big problem. You need to seek shelter. You need to seek safety,’ ” Wolking said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.midstatecomm.com/PDF/FEMA_guide.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">technical bulletin issued by the Federal Emergency Management Agency in 2006\u003c/a> advised that all new outdoor warning systems, including outdoor sirens, should have alternative power supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no single method of alert and notification that meets the needs of every portion of every community in every situation,” the bulletin states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "pigs-fleeing-north-bay-fires-find-refuge-in-half-moon-bay",
"title": "Pigs Fleeing North Bay Fires Find Refuge in Half Moon Bay",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When Anna Sweet of \u003ca href=\"http://www.sweetfarm.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sweet Farm\u003c/a> got the call in the middle of the night, she said she’d be happy to take in emergency guests fleeing the fires in Sonoma County. And then realized she needed to get up and get busy.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were not set up yet for pigs at all,” Sweet recalls. “We didn’t have a shelter for them. We weren’t quite sure our fences were going to work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They did need to build new fencing. Not to embarrass these fine ladies, but Gertrude weighs about 600 pounds and Punky’s just a wee bit smaller than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11625489\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11625489 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Punky and her buddy Gertrude have found refuge from the North Bay Fires in Half Moon Bay at Sweet Ranch, a non-profit farm animal sanctuary.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Punky and her buddy, Gertrude, have found refuge from the North Bay Fires in Half Moon Bay at Sweet Ranch, a nonprofit farm animal sanctuary. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Chris McCann)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These porcine refugees came from \u003ca href=\"https://www.charliesacres.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Charlie’s Acres\u003c/a>, escaping the Partrick Fire. Charlie’s Acres, like Sweet Farm, is a nonprofit farm animal sanctuary. They provide a “forever” home for all kinds of animals that would otherwise be headed for slaughter, including chickens, llamas and horses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sheep and goats and a few, probably more, cows, and then definitely on the pig side, we’re ready,” Sweet adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some animals are “liberated” — or stolen, depending on your perspective — from industrial farms. A lot of bulls and roosters are rescued in this fashion. Other animals are given up for adoption or abandoned, often when families are surprised to discover an animal they procured when small has grown quite large.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11625490\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11625490 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"You can't ask just anyone to babysit two 600 lb pigs. Tracy Vogt (left) of Charlie's Acres in Sonoma County knew she could count on Anna Sweet and Nate Salpeter of Sweet Farm to help out in a pinch. \" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">You can’t ask just anyone to baby-sit two 600-lb pigs. Tracy Vogt (left) of Charlie’s Acres in Sonoma County knew she could count on Anna Sweet and Nate Salpeter of Sweet Farm to help out in a pinch. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gertrude was found wandering around during a wildfire: the 2016 Blue Cut Fire in San Bernardino County. Tracy Vogt of Charlie’s Acres explains, “Somebody had just left her there when they were evacuating. She had a burned back hoof. She had smoke inhalation issues, and hadn’t eaten or drank anything for three days.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now Gertrude is a fire survivor twice over. For Vogt, the help from Sweet Farm is sweet in more ways than one. The fire was on her property when the animals were shuttled away in trucks and trailers. Her barn and fences burned, and it’s going to take some time to get the electricity up and running again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel very lucky. I feel very blessed that we were able to get the animals to a really nice spot. And it was really cool to see that the community stepped in and helped each other out,” Vogt says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11625494\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11625494\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Paco the llama is almost 10 years old and good friends with the steers and horse at Sweet Farm. The reasons why animals end up at a sanctuary are as varied as the animals themselves. Paco came from a horse farm where he was getting attacked by neighborhood dogs.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paco the llama is almost 10 years old and good friends with the steers and horse at Sweet Farm. The reasons why animals end up at a sanctuary are as varied as the animals themselves. Paco came from a horse farm where he was getting attacked by neighborhood dogs. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For Sweet, who like her husband, Nate Salpeter, has a day job in tech, this nonprofit work is what feeds the soul.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I like coming home and turning everything off and focusing on the animals and the land. It’s a good balance,” Sweet says. The couple gets help paying for this passion project from fans and members who come out for tours and classes. Their \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/SweetFarmCA/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Facebook page\u003c/a> boasts more than 86,000 followers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another sanctuary near Sweet Farm is housing Vogt’s chickens and ducks. Now that Vogt’s brood is safely settled, she and Sweet are turning their attention to anyone else who needs help with housing and supplies for farm animals in the wake of the North Bay wildfires. Vogt has set up a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/z2brs-sonoma-fire-victims\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GoFundMe campaign\u003c/a> to further that mission.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The farm animal sanctuary community has rallied to help animals left homeless by the deadly North Bay fires.",
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"title": "Pigs Fleeing North Bay Fires Find Refuge in Half Moon Bay | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When Anna Sweet of \u003ca href=\"http://www.sweetfarm.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sweet Farm\u003c/a> got the call in the middle of the night, she said she’d be happy to take in emergency guests fleeing the fires in Sonoma County. And then realized she needed to get up and get busy.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were not set up yet for pigs at all,” Sweet recalls. “We didn’t have a shelter for them. We weren’t quite sure our fences were going to work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They did need to build new fencing. Not to embarrass these fine ladies, but Gertrude weighs about 600 pounds and Punky’s just a wee bit smaller than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11625489\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11625489 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Punky and her buddy Gertrude have found refuge from the North Bay Fires in Half Moon Bay at Sweet Ranch, a non-profit farm animal sanctuary.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27691_Charlies20Acres-12028129-2-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Punky and her buddy, Gertrude, have found refuge from the North Bay Fires in Half Moon Bay at Sweet Ranch, a nonprofit farm animal sanctuary. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Chris McCann)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These porcine refugees came from \u003ca href=\"https://www.charliesacres.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Charlie’s Acres\u003c/a>, escaping the Partrick Fire. Charlie’s Acres, like Sweet Farm, is a nonprofit farm animal sanctuary. They provide a “forever” home for all kinds of animals that would otherwise be headed for slaughter, including chickens, llamas and horses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sheep and goats and a few, probably more, cows, and then definitely on the pig side, we’re ready,” Sweet adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some animals are “liberated” — or stolen, depending on your perspective — from industrial farms. A lot of bulls and roosters are rescued in this fashion. Other animals are given up for adoption or abandoned, often when families are surprised to discover an animal they procured when small has grown quite large.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11625490\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11625490 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"You can't ask just anyone to babysit two 600 lb pigs. Tracy Vogt (left) of Charlie's Acres in Sonoma County knew she could count on Anna Sweet and Nate Salpeter of Sweet Farm to help out in a pinch. \" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27695_IMG_3487-2-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">You can’t ask just anyone to baby-sit two 600-lb pigs. Tracy Vogt (left) of Charlie’s Acres in Sonoma County knew she could count on Anna Sweet and Nate Salpeter of Sweet Farm to help out in a pinch. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gertrude was found wandering around during a wildfire: the 2016 Blue Cut Fire in San Bernardino County. Tracy Vogt of Charlie’s Acres explains, “Somebody had just left her there when they were evacuating. She had a burned back hoof. She had smoke inhalation issues, and hadn’t eaten or drank anything for three days.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now Gertrude is a fire survivor twice over. For Vogt, the help from Sweet Farm is sweet in more ways than one. The fire was on her property when the animals were shuttled away in trucks and trailers. Her barn and fences burned, and it’s going to take some time to get the electricity up and running again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel very lucky. I feel very blessed that we were able to get the animals to a really nice spot. And it was really cool to see that the community stepped in and helped each other out,” Vogt says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11625494\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11625494\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Paco the llama is almost 10 years old and good friends with the steers and horse at Sweet Farm. The reasons why animals end up at a sanctuary are as varied as the animals themselves. Paco came from a horse farm where he was getting attacked by neighborhood dogs.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27694_IMG_3476-2-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paco the llama is almost 10 years old and good friends with the steers and horse at Sweet Farm. The reasons why animals end up at a sanctuary are as varied as the animals themselves. Paco came from a horse farm where he was getting attacked by neighborhood dogs. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For Sweet, who like her husband, Nate Salpeter, has a day job in tech, this nonprofit work is what feeds the soul.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I like coming home and turning everything off and focusing on the animals and the land. It’s a good balance,” Sweet says. The couple gets help paying for this passion project from fans and members who come out for tours and classes. Their \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/SweetFarmCA/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Facebook page\u003c/a> boasts more than 86,000 followers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another sanctuary near Sweet Farm is housing Vogt’s chickens and ducks. Now that Vogt’s brood is safely settled, she and Sweet are turning their attention to anyone else who needs help with housing and supplies for farm animals in the wake of the North Bay wildfires. Vogt has set up a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/z2brs-sonoma-fire-victims\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GoFundMe campaign\u003c/a> to further that mission.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "california-wildfires-have-disrupted-school-for-260000-students",
"title": "California Wildfires Have Disrupted School For 260,000 Students",
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"headTitle": "California Wildfires Have Disrupted School For 260,000 Students | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The wildfires in Northern California cut across a wide swath of the state — including dozens of school districts, hundreds of schools and hundreds of thousands of students. At one point, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/nr/ne/yr17/yr17rel75.asp\">classes were canceled for 260,000 students in 600 schools\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while schools are slowly coming back on line, there remain many that may not resume classes for days or even weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the latest in a series of crises across the country — including \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2017/08/30/547280712/houston-school-superintendent-says-a-lot-of-work-ahead-to-open-schools\">hurricanes in Texas\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/09/17/551670847/since-hurricane-irma-only-some-students-have-been-able-to-return-to-school-in-mi\">Florida\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2017/10/12/556953509/puerto-rico-s-secretary-of-education-says-its-schools-are-connecting-communities\">Puerto Rico\u003c/a> — that have left millions of children, teachers and parents scrambling both to resume teaching and learning and to confront the trauma that disasters like these can leave in the minds of children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, the fires have created a unique set of challenges for schools. In addition to the disruption and trauma, there is the potential health risks of smoke and air quality and damage to school structures. Before children can return, many schools face a costly and lengthy process of “remediation” to ensure that the buildings are safe and the air is clean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sonoma County was hit particularly hard. There, flames leveled nearly 7,000 structures — mostly homes. In the county seat, Santa Rosa, one school and one educational farm site were completely destroyed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a dozen other schools suffered varying degrees of smoke damage. Steve Herrington, the Sonoma County superintendent, said about 180 schools were closed between Oct. 9 and Oct. 13. Most have since reopened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 400 students and 200 staff members have reported losing their homes, he added. The number is almost certainly higher, he said, because the full extent of the damage won’t be known until all schools are up and running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the school year resumes, “there will be a real need to address the trauma and long-term displacement that so many of our students, their families and their teachers have experienced,” Herrington said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the affected region, schools and communities are working to ensure that students have the things they need to come back to school: clothing, backpacks, school supplies, hygiene kits, bicycles and access to trauma-informed care and counseling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even where the fires were suppressed relatively quickly, fears about their lingering effects remain. In Lake County, 2,207 acres burned. And while the fires \u003ca href=\"http://www.fire.ca.gov/current_incidents/incidentdetails/Index/1876\">are mostly contained and evacuation orders have been lifted\u003c/a>, educators are working to help students with the healing process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two school districts in the county were shut down last week, but most are now reopened without major structural damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of our main concerns is the poor air quality,” said Jill Ruzicka, communications director at the Lake County Office of Education. That makes sense, considering that the smoke from the wildfires is equivalent to the pollution created by all of the state’s cars \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation-now/2017/10/11/air-pollution-california-fires-equals-years-worth-traffic-analyst-says/756602001/\">in a year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Mendocino County, north of Sonoma, there was no direct fire damage in any school and every school has reopened. But there is still a lot of work to be done, said Assistant Superintendent Becky Jeffries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 100 students lost their homes and several staff members did, too. “This is a disaster that will impact our county for more than two weeks,” she said. “Rebuilding will take years.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The fires have created unique challenges for schools: disruption, trauma, damage to school structures and potential health risks over air quality.",
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"headline": "California Wildfires Have Disrupted School For 260,000 Students",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The wildfires in Northern California cut across a wide swath of the state — including dozens of school districts, hundreds of schools and hundreds of thousands of students. At one point, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/nr/ne/yr17/yr17rel75.asp\">classes were canceled for 260,000 students in 600 schools\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while schools are slowly coming back on line, there remain many that may not resume classes for days or even weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the latest in a series of crises across the country — including \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2017/08/30/547280712/houston-school-superintendent-says-a-lot-of-work-ahead-to-open-schools\">hurricanes in Texas\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/09/17/551670847/since-hurricane-irma-only-some-students-have-been-able-to-return-to-school-in-mi\">Florida\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2017/10/12/556953509/puerto-rico-s-secretary-of-education-says-its-schools-are-connecting-communities\">Puerto Rico\u003c/a> — that have left millions of children, teachers and parents scrambling both to resume teaching and learning and to confront the trauma that disasters like these can leave in the minds of children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, the fires have created a unique set of challenges for schools. In addition to the disruption and trauma, there is the potential health risks of smoke and air quality and damage to school structures. Before children can return, many schools face a costly and lengthy process of “remediation” to ensure that the buildings are safe and the air is clean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sonoma County was hit particularly hard. There, flames leveled nearly 7,000 structures — mostly homes. In the county seat, Santa Rosa, one school and one educational farm site were completely destroyed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a dozen other schools suffered varying degrees of smoke damage. Steve Herrington, the Sonoma County superintendent, said about 180 schools were closed between Oct. 9 and Oct. 13. Most have since reopened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 400 students and 200 staff members have reported losing their homes, he added. The number is almost certainly higher, he said, because the full extent of the damage won’t be known until all schools are up and running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the school year resumes, “there will be a real need to address the trauma and long-term displacement that so many of our students, their families and their teachers have experienced,” Herrington said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the affected region, schools and communities are working to ensure that students have the things they need to come back to school: clothing, backpacks, school supplies, hygiene kits, bicycles and access to trauma-informed care and counseling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even where the fires were suppressed relatively quickly, fears about their lingering effects remain. In Lake County, 2,207 acres burned. And while the fires \u003ca href=\"http://www.fire.ca.gov/current_incidents/incidentdetails/Index/1876\">are mostly contained and evacuation orders have been lifted\u003c/a>, educators are working to help students with the healing process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two school districts in the county were shut down last week, but most are now reopened without major structural damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of our main concerns is the poor air quality,” said Jill Ruzicka, communications director at the Lake County Office of Education. That makes sense, considering that the smoke from the wildfires is equivalent to the pollution created by all of the state’s cars \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation-now/2017/10/11/air-pollution-california-fires-equals-years-worth-traffic-analyst-says/756602001/\">in a year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Mendocino County, north of Sonoma, there was no direct fire damage in any school and every school has reopened. But there is still a lot of work to be done, said Assistant Superintendent Becky Jeffries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 100 students lost their homes and several staff members did, too. “This is a disaster that will impact our county for more than two weeks,” she said. “Rebuilding will take years.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"radiolab": {
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"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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"reveal": {
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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"snap-judgment": {
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"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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