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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]F[/dropcap]or 26 years, a San Francisco-based digital library has stood in stark opposition to today’s commercial information ecosystem, hallmarked by paywalled periodicals, pricey books and advertisement-driven media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside the Internet Archive’s massive warehouse, with towers of books new and old, it begins to sink in just how ambitious the nonprofit organization’s mission is: to preserve millions of texts and lend them freely online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the library’s philosophy is now being tried in court, as a \u003ca href=\"https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2023/03/publishers-beat-internet-archive-as-judge-rules-e-book-lending-violates-copyright/\">ruling in a major lawsuit against the Internet Archive\u003c/a> not only threatens to remove many of the free books from the Internet Archive’s website, but also could set the tone for digital libraries across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea was to try to fulfill the dream of the internet, of a universal library, and of universal access to all knowledge. A digital Library of Alexandria,” Brewster Kahle, founder and digital librarian for the Internet Archive, told KQED, referencing one of the world’s \u003ca href=\"https://time.com/5912689/library-of-alexandria-burning/\">earliest and most storied libraries\u003c/a>. “The San Francisco Public Library, the Burlingame Public Library and many libraries around the Bay Area donate books when they don’t need them anymore to the Internet Archive rather than, say, landfill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>E-book lending is used across libraries and publishing houses, and often libraries will license those digital books from publishers. Through its \u003ca href=\"https://archive.org/details/ol_data\">Open Library\u003c/a>, the Internet Archive maintains that it uses a model known as “controlled digital lending,” where a library owns a book, scans it digitally and loans the digital copy to one user at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in March 2020, when physical libraries were closed due to the pandemic and students were learning from home, the Internet Archive temporarily removed waitlists so anyone could access the books online, calling the initiative the National Emergency Library.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11945692\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11945692\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023.jpg\" alt=\"An older white man with grey-white hair wearing a dark sweater reaches out to close a grey metallic door as huge cardboard boxes labeled as containing books sit in the background\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brewster Kahle closes a storage container with books labeled from “Allen County Public Library’’ at an Internet Archive storage facility in Richmond on March 30. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Archive stopped the program and returned to its regular lending practices in June 2020, the same month that Hachette Book Group and other major publishers hit the Internet Archive with a multimillion-dollar lawsuit alleging copyright infringement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month, a federal judge in New York sided with the publishers, which include Penguin Random House, Wiley and HarperCollins, ruling that the Internet Archive violated copyright infringement laws through both the Open Library and the National Emergency Library.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Brewster Kahle, Internet Archive founder\"]‘The publishers demanded that we destroy millions of digitized books and stop lending, and they sued us for tens of millions of dollars. That was the publishers’ response when libraries closed, was to sue libraries.’[/pullquote]In its \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/document/complaint-50\">lawsuit\u003c/a>, Hachette Group argued that the Internet Archive “badly misleads the public and boldly misappropriates the goodwill that libraries enjoy and have legitimately earned.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The publishers specifically complained about \u003ca href=\"https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.537900/gov.uscourts.nysd.537900.1.1.pdf\">127 books not under public domain (PDF)\u003c/a> that are stored and offered freely on the Archive, by authors such as Sylvia Plath, Jon Krakauer, Toni Morrison, Malcolm Gladwell, C.S. Lewis and J.D. Salinger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Publishers say Open Library flouts licensing fees libraries are supposed to pay them. But because libraries already paid licensing fees for the print books that the Internet Archive scans as part of the Open Library project, the nonprofit asserts that their one-to-one lending system constitutes fair use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“IA’s fair use defense rests on the notion that lawfully acquiring a copyrighted print book entitles the recipient to make an unauthorized copy and distribute it in place of the print book, so long as it does not simultaneously lend the print book,” the Southern District of New York Judge John Koeltl \u003ca href=\"https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.537900/gov.uscourts.nysd.537900.188.0.pdf\">stated in his ruling (PDF)\u003c/a>. “But no case or legal principle supports that notion. Every authority points the other direction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11945701\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11945701\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/018_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023.jpg\" alt=\"A man in the distance stands in a walkway between two huge walls of grey storage containers stacked on top of each other inside what appears to be a massive warehouse\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/018_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/018_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/018_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/018_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/018_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Matthew Soper, physical warehouse manager and archivist, walks alongside storage containers at the Internet Archive storage facility in Richmond on March 30. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The fight is not over, though. The Archive, with support from its fandom of technologists, librarians, researchers, authors and digital rights activists, \u003ca href=\"http://blog.archive.org/2023/03/25/the-fight-continues/\">plans to appeal the ruling\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The publishers demanded that we destroy millions of digitized books and stop lending, and they sued us for tens of millions of dollars. That was the publishers’ response when libraries closed, was to sue libraries,” said Kahle. “I don’t think it was very good behavior. In fact, it’s horrendous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Built in the Bay\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Archive is rooted in the Bay Area, spiritually with its high-tech-meets-open-access ethos, and physically, in the form of a Greek-columned, former Christian Science church-turned media museum in San Francisco’s Richmond District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11945689\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11945689\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/054_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg\" alt=\"Close-up photo of a shiny metallic plaque with text on it below a columned icon which is the symbol of the Internet Archive\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/054_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/054_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/054_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/054_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/054_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign at the Internet Archive’s offices in San Francisco reads, ‘Universal access to all knowledge.’ \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Inside its warehouse in the city of Richmond, just across the bay, rows of shipping containers hold meticulously organized boxes of books donated from places like the California State Library, the University of Florida, UC Riverside, the San Francisco Public Library and many other institutions the Archive helps to digitize books for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The collection also includes an entire section of books that are banned, as well as books that legislators across the U.S. are actively attempting to ban. Nationwide, attempts to ban books nearly doubled from 2021 to 2022, reaching the highest point ever recorded at \u003ca href=\"https://www.ala.org/news/press-releases/2023/03/record-book-bans-2022\">1,269 demands to censor library books and resources in 2022\u003c/a>, according to an analysis by the American Library Association, which began tracking the data nearly 20 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11945707\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11945707\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/016_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg\" alt=\"Someone wearing a bright orange hoodie sits at an archiving station holding an open book and facing a computer screen\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/016_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/016_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/016_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/016_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/016_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eliza Zhang scans books at the Internet Archive offices in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On any given day, staff with the Archive can be found tucked away at its San Francisco-based library scanning physical books, many of which are donated by local public libraries and university libraries, as well as individuals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amsterdam-based novelist Bette Adriaanse has used the Internet Archive for her work and was a fan from afar until she visited the Archive’s Richmond District location on a recent sunny Friday afternoon, when it hosts lunches open to the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was looking for this very obscure book on art and I couldn’t find it anywhere, not in libraries or bookstores. And then I found it on the Archive and I read it online and borrowed it,” said Adriaanse. “Since then I’ve been borrowing books from them that I can’t find in the library. And if I want to buy a book to support a book, I buy it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11945695\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11945695\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg\" alt=\"A white woman with short brown hair stands facing a middle-aged white man, both smiling and engaged in conversation, with an old time record player in the background within a corridor which appears to be lined with vinyl records\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brewster Kahle shows Amsterdam-based novelist Bette Adriaanse an early record player at the Internet Archive offices in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She was among about two dozen people who stopped by the Archive recently for its Friday lunches, during which Kahle is often around providing tours. On this particular Friday, the tour group was made up of fans visiting from out of the country, filmmakers, academics, archival vigilantes who scan the internet for websites to save, and video game designers in town for a conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In black socks with no shoes, Kahle dazzled the group with stories of the early internet days in the Archive’s common space. Then he laced up for a tour to the main attraction, a stained-glass chapel bordered with 3-foot-tall figures of people who are part of the Archive’s history and present.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11945697\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11945697\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/042_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg\" alt=\"A photo of what appear to be dozens of clay figurines which are delicately painted and apparently standing near church pews\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/042_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/042_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/042_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/042_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/042_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Statues of the Internet Archive staff, including founder Brewster Kahle, line church pews at the former church-turned-offices in San Francisco. Kahle explained that his idea was to create Terracotta Archivists after he saw the Terracotta Army in China. If you work for the Internet Archive for three years, a statue of you is made. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the pulpit there’s a tower of computer screens scrolling through bygone pages of the earliest days of the internet. The Internet Archive also runs the \u003ca href=\"https://archive.org/web/\">Wayback Machine\u003c/a>, a digital archive of more than 800 billion webpages and counting, ranging from early ’90s blogs to news websites and Donald Trump’s tweets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Behind the rows of pews, a giant server studded with lights that flash every time something is uploaded to the Archive twinkles like a technologic starry sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local musician and filmmaker Rohit Rao regularly works out of the space, which offers free public Wi-Fi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was drawn to it for nostalgia at first. But more recently, I’ve been uploading my films to the Archive. I had a bunch of these hard drives with films on there and I wanted to store them online,” said Rao, hunched over a keyboard in the Archive’s living room. “Lately, they’ve been giving me space to work. I might track my entire record here if they’re cool with it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The future of digital libraries\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Whichever way the Archive’s appeal in the publishers’ lawsuit ultimately goes, some librarians and authors say it could set the stage for what book lending looks like in an increasingly digital era.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some books could altogether disappear, advocates of the Archive say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Laura Gibbs, who taught folklore and mythology online for the University of Oklahoma for more than 20 years, frequently used the Archive with her students. In more recent years, she has been dedicated to uploading and preserving some of the rare texts she works with, which are often hard to access elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This completely changed my research, and I do all my reading via the Internet Archive now,” said Gibbs, who was on the tour. “It just feels like the most important thing I’ve ever done. This is the future of education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11945699\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11945699\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/031_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg\" alt=\"A middle-aged white woman with glasses and grey hair stands in front of what appears to be a large shelving unit full of memorabilia in a large, clean, well lit room\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/031_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/031_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/031_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/031_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/031_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Laura Gibbs looks at memorabilia at the Internet Archive offices in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Controlled digital lending “enables many authors to reach more readers than they could otherwise, and authors like our members who write to be read would not be served if fewer readers could access their books,” the \u003ca href=\"https://www.authorsalliance.org/about/\">Authors Alliance\u003c/a> wrote in response to the recent ruling. The Alliance is a broad coalition of librarians, writers, academics and copyright attorneys who advocate for wider public access to books and knowledge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Internet Archive case also arrives as more libraries are digitizing their books to meet new customer demands and technological shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The argument that the Internet Archive isn’t a library is wrong. If this argument is accepted, the results would jeopardize the future development of digital libraries nationwide. The Internet Archive is the most significant specialized library to emerge in decades,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.insidehighered.com/views/2023/03/17/librarians-should-stand-internet-archive-opinion\">a group of eight librarians from MIT, UC Berkeley and other prominent institutions recently wrote in an op-ed for Inside Higher Education\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11945709\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11945709\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/004_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg\" alt=\"A middle aged white man standing up gestures intensely as he speaks with the backs of audience members listening blurred in the foreground\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/004_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/004_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/004_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/004_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/004_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brewster Kahle speaks to guests, volunteers and staff at the Internet Archive offices in San Francisco on March 24. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Internet Archive says that it is, in fact, a modern-day library, pointing out that it has received government dollars earmarked for libraries, including from \u003ca href=\"https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/universal-service-program-schools-and-libraries-e-rate\">the federal E-Rate program\u003c/a>, which provides funds and discounts on internet connection for schools and libraries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authors like Adriaanse understand the tough reality of making it financially as a writer, and that publishers need to make money to stay afloat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she was pleasantly surprised to find her own books on the Archive, as well as other free digital lending services at her local Dutch library system during the pandemic for people who didn’t have a library card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I got a lot more readers, so that tells you there are a lot of people out there who want to read but don’t have a library card or money to buy books,” Adriaanse said. “It is inspiring. It makes me think we can have universal access to knowledge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "A judge recently ruled in favor of publishers in a lawsuit against San Francisco-based Internet Archive, demanding the nonprofit's online library remove e-books. The Archive will appeal.",
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"title": "SF-Based Internet Archive Is Fighting a Ruling That Could Change the Future of Digital Libraries | KQED",
"description": "A judge recently ruled in favor of publishers in a lawsuit against San Francisco-based Internet Archive, demanding the nonprofit's online library remove e-books. The Archive will appeal.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">F\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>or 26 years, a San Francisco-based digital library has stood in stark opposition to today’s commercial information ecosystem, hallmarked by paywalled periodicals, pricey books and advertisement-driven media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside the Internet Archive’s massive warehouse, with towers of books new and old, it begins to sink in just how ambitious the nonprofit organization’s mission is: to preserve millions of texts and lend them freely online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the library’s philosophy is now being tried in court, as a \u003ca href=\"https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2023/03/publishers-beat-internet-archive-as-judge-rules-e-book-lending-violates-copyright/\">ruling in a major lawsuit against the Internet Archive\u003c/a> not only threatens to remove many of the free books from the Internet Archive’s website, but also could set the tone for digital libraries across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea was to try to fulfill the dream of the internet, of a universal library, and of universal access to all knowledge. A digital Library of Alexandria,” Brewster Kahle, founder and digital librarian for the Internet Archive, told KQED, referencing one of the world’s \u003ca href=\"https://time.com/5912689/library-of-alexandria-burning/\">earliest and most storied libraries\u003c/a>. “The San Francisco Public Library, the Burlingame Public Library and many libraries around the Bay Area donate books when they don’t need them anymore to the Internet Archive rather than, say, landfill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>E-book lending is used across libraries and publishing houses, and often libraries will license those digital books from publishers. Through its \u003ca href=\"https://archive.org/details/ol_data\">Open Library\u003c/a>, the Internet Archive maintains that it uses a model known as “controlled digital lending,” where a library owns a book, scans it digitally and loans the digital copy to one user at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in March 2020, when physical libraries were closed due to the pandemic and students were learning from home, the Internet Archive temporarily removed waitlists so anyone could access the books online, calling the initiative the National Emergency Library.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11945692\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11945692\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023.jpg\" alt=\"An older white man with grey-white hair wearing a dark sweater reaches out to close a grey metallic door as huge cardboard boxes labeled as containing books sit in the background\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brewster Kahle closes a storage container with books labeled from “Allen County Public Library’’ at an Internet Archive storage facility in Richmond on March 30. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Archive stopped the program and returned to its regular lending practices in June 2020, the same month that Hachette Book Group and other major publishers hit the Internet Archive with a multimillion-dollar lawsuit alleging copyright infringement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month, a federal judge in New York sided with the publishers, which include Penguin Random House, Wiley and HarperCollins, ruling that the Internet Archive violated copyright infringement laws through both the Open Library and the National Emergency Library.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘The publishers demanded that we destroy millions of digitized books and stop lending, and they sued us for tens of millions of dollars. That was the publishers’ response when libraries closed, was to sue libraries.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In its \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/document/complaint-50\">lawsuit\u003c/a>, Hachette Group argued that the Internet Archive “badly misleads the public and boldly misappropriates the goodwill that libraries enjoy and have legitimately earned.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The publishers specifically complained about \u003ca href=\"https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.537900/gov.uscourts.nysd.537900.1.1.pdf\">127 books not under public domain (PDF)\u003c/a> that are stored and offered freely on the Archive, by authors such as Sylvia Plath, Jon Krakauer, Toni Morrison, Malcolm Gladwell, C.S. Lewis and J.D. Salinger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Publishers say Open Library flouts licensing fees libraries are supposed to pay them. But because libraries already paid licensing fees for the print books that the Internet Archive scans as part of the Open Library project, the nonprofit asserts that their one-to-one lending system constitutes fair use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“IA’s fair use defense rests on the notion that lawfully acquiring a copyrighted print book entitles the recipient to make an unauthorized copy and distribute it in place of the print book, so long as it does not simultaneously lend the print book,” the Southern District of New York Judge John Koeltl \u003ca href=\"https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.537900/gov.uscourts.nysd.537900.188.0.pdf\">stated in his ruling (PDF)\u003c/a>. “But no case or legal principle supports that notion. Every authority points the other direction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11945701\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11945701\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/018_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023.jpg\" alt=\"A man in the distance stands in a walkway between two huge walls of grey storage containers stacked on top of each other inside what appears to be a massive warehouse\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/018_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/018_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/018_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/018_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/018_KQED_InternetArchiveWarehouse_03302023-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Matthew Soper, physical warehouse manager and archivist, walks alongside storage containers at the Internet Archive storage facility in Richmond on March 30. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The fight is not over, though. The Archive, with support from its fandom of technologists, librarians, researchers, authors and digital rights activists, \u003ca href=\"http://blog.archive.org/2023/03/25/the-fight-continues/\">plans to appeal the ruling\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The publishers demanded that we destroy millions of digitized books and stop lending, and they sued us for tens of millions of dollars. That was the publishers’ response when libraries closed, was to sue libraries,” said Kahle. “I don’t think it was very good behavior. In fact, it’s horrendous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Built in the Bay\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Archive is rooted in the Bay Area, spiritually with its high-tech-meets-open-access ethos, and physically, in the form of a Greek-columned, former Christian Science church-turned media museum in San Francisco’s Richmond District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11945689\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11945689\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/054_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg\" alt=\"Close-up photo of a shiny metallic plaque with text on it below a columned icon which is the symbol of the Internet Archive\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/054_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/054_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/054_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/054_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/054_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign at the Internet Archive’s offices in San Francisco reads, ‘Universal access to all knowledge.’ \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Inside its warehouse in the city of Richmond, just across the bay, rows of shipping containers hold meticulously organized boxes of books donated from places like the California State Library, the University of Florida, UC Riverside, the San Francisco Public Library and many other institutions the Archive helps to digitize books for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The collection also includes an entire section of books that are banned, as well as books that legislators across the U.S. are actively attempting to ban. Nationwide, attempts to ban books nearly doubled from 2021 to 2022, reaching the highest point ever recorded at \u003ca href=\"https://www.ala.org/news/press-releases/2023/03/record-book-bans-2022\">1,269 demands to censor library books and resources in 2022\u003c/a>, according to an analysis by the American Library Association, which began tracking the data nearly 20 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11945707\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11945707\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/016_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg\" alt=\"Someone wearing a bright orange hoodie sits at an archiving station holding an open book and facing a computer screen\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/016_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/016_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/016_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/016_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/016_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eliza Zhang scans books at the Internet Archive offices in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On any given day, staff with the Archive can be found tucked away at its San Francisco-based library scanning physical books, many of which are donated by local public libraries and university libraries, as well as individuals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amsterdam-based novelist Bette Adriaanse has used the Internet Archive for her work and was a fan from afar until she visited the Archive’s Richmond District location on a recent sunny Friday afternoon, when it hosts lunches open to the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was looking for this very obscure book on art and I couldn’t find it anywhere, not in libraries or bookstores. And then I found it on the Archive and I read it online and borrowed it,” said Adriaanse. “Since then I’ve been borrowing books from them that I can’t find in the library. And if I want to buy a book to support a book, I buy it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11945695\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11945695\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg\" alt=\"A white woman with short brown hair stands facing a middle-aged white man, both smiling and engaged in conversation, with an old time record player in the background within a corridor which appears to be lined with vinyl records\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/021_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brewster Kahle shows Amsterdam-based novelist Bette Adriaanse an early record player at the Internet Archive offices in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She was among about two dozen people who stopped by the Archive recently for its Friday lunches, during which Kahle is often around providing tours. On this particular Friday, the tour group was made up of fans visiting from out of the country, filmmakers, academics, archival vigilantes who scan the internet for websites to save, and video game designers in town for a conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In black socks with no shoes, Kahle dazzled the group with stories of the early internet days in the Archive’s common space. Then he laced up for a tour to the main attraction, a stained-glass chapel bordered with 3-foot-tall figures of people who are part of the Archive’s history and present.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11945697\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11945697\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/042_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg\" alt=\"A photo of what appear to be dozens of clay figurines which are delicately painted and apparently standing near church pews\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/042_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/042_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/042_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/042_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/042_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Statues of the Internet Archive staff, including founder Brewster Kahle, line church pews at the former church-turned-offices in San Francisco. Kahle explained that his idea was to create Terracotta Archivists after he saw the Terracotta Army in China. If you work for the Internet Archive for three years, a statue of you is made. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the pulpit there’s a tower of computer screens scrolling through bygone pages of the earliest days of the internet. The Internet Archive also runs the \u003ca href=\"https://archive.org/web/\">Wayback Machine\u003c/a>, a digital archive of more than 800 billion webpages and counting, ranging from early ’90s blogs to news websites and Donald Trump’s tweets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Behind the rows of pews, a giant server studded with lights that flash every time something is uploaded to the Archive twinkles like a technologic starry sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local musician and filmmaker Rohit Rao regularly works out of the space, which offers free public Wi-Fi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was drawn to it for nostalgia at first. But more recently, I’ve been uploading my films to the Archive. I had a bunch of these hard drives with films on there and I wanted to store them online,” said Rao, hunched over a keyboard in the Archive’s living room. “Lately, they’ve been giving me space to work. I might track my entire record here if they’re cool with it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The future of digital libraries\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Whichever way the Archive’s appeal in the publishers’ lawsuit ultimately goes, some librarians and authors say it could set the stage for what book lending looks like in an increasingly digital era.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some books could altogether disappear, advocates of the Archive say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Laura Gibbs, who taught folklore and mythology online for the University of Oklahoma for more than 20 years, frequently used the Archive with her students. In more recent years, she has been dedicated to uploading and preserving some of the rare texts she works with, which are often hard to access elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This completely changed my research, and I do all my reading via the Internet Archive now,” said Gibbs, who was on the tour. “It just feels like the most important thing I’ve ever done. This is the future of education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11945699\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11945699\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/031_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg\" alt=\"A middle-aged white woman with glasses and grey hair stands in front of what appears to be a large shelving unit full of memorabilia in a large, clean, well lit room\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/031_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/031_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/031_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/031_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/031_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Laura Gibbs looks at memorabilia at the Internet Archive offices in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Controlled digital lending “enables many authors to reach more readers than they could otherwise, and authors like our members who write to be read would not be served if fewer readers could access their books,” the \u003ca href=\"https://www.authorsalliance.org/about/\">Authors Alliance\u003c/a> wrote in response to the recent ruling. The Alliance is a broad coalition of librarians, writers, academics and copyright attorneys who advocate for wider public access to books and knowledge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Internet Archive case also arrives as more libraries are digitizing their books to meet new customer demands and technological shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The argument that the Internet Archive isn’t a library is wrong. If this argument is accepted, the results would jeopardize the future development of digital libraries nationwide. The Internet Archive is the most significant specialized library to emerge in decades,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.insidehighered.com/views/2023/03/17/librarians-should-stand-internet-archive-opinion\">a group of eight librarians from MIT, UC Berkeley and other prominent institutions recently wrote in an op-ed for Inside Higher Education\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11945709\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11945709\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/004_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg\" alt=\"A middle aged white man standing up gestures intensely as he speaks with the backs of audience members listening blurred in the foreground\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/004_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/004_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/004_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/004_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/004_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brewster Kahle speaks to guests, volunteers and staff at the Internet Archive offices in San Francisco on March 24. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Internet Archive says that it is, in fact, a modern-day library, pointing out that it has received government dollars earmarked for libraries, including from \u003ca href=\"https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/universal-service-program-schools-and-libraries-e-rate\">the federal E-Rate program\u003c/a>, which provides funds and discounts on internet connection for schools and libraries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authors like Adriaanse understand the tough reality of making it financially as a writer, and that publishers need to make money to stay afloat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she was pleasantly surprised to find her own books on the Archive, as well as other free digital lending services at her local Dutch library system during the pandemic for people who didn’t have a library card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I got a lot more readers, so that tells you there are a lot of people out there who want to read but don’t have a library card or money to buy books,” Adriaanse said. “It is inspiring. It makes me think we can have universal access to knowledge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Last spring, workers at Chevron’s Richmond refinery went on strike for 10 weeks, demanding higher pay, better health benefits, and safer working conditions. When the strike ended, union leaders say that Chevron initially encouraged managers and workers to put the strike behind them.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But now, USW Local 5, the union representing Richmond refinery workers, alleges Chevron has fired at least\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11940114/union-says-chevron-fired-several-richmond-refinery-workers-who-went-on-strike\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> 5 workers for their \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">role in the strikes, a claim that Chevron denies.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guest: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/TedrickG\">Ted Goldberg\u003c/a>, KQED supervising senior editor for news\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Links:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>‘\u003c/b>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11940114/union-says-chevron-fired-several-richmond-refinery-workers-who-went-on-strike\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Union Says Chevron Fired Several Richmond Refinery Workers Who Went on Strike\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">,’ by Ted Goldberg, Feb. 5, 2023.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/about/17653/help-make-the-bay-even-better\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Bay Survey\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cdiv class=\"card card--enclosed grey\">\n\u003cp id=\"embed-code\" class=\"inconsolata\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC4497538450&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Last spring, workers at Chevron’s Richmond refinery went on strike for 10 weeks, demanding higher pay, better health benefits, and safer working conditions. When the strike ended, union leaders say that Chevron initially encouraged managers and workers to put the strike behind them.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But now, USW Local 5, the union representing Richmond refinery workers, alleges Chevron has fired at least\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11940114/union-says-chevron-fired-several-richmond-refinery-workers-who-went-on-strike\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> 5 workers for their \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">role in the strikes, a claim that Chevron denies.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guest: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/TedrickG\">Ted Goldberg\u003c/a>, KQED supervising senior editor for news\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Links:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>‘\u003c/b>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11940114/union-says-chevron-fired-several-richmond-refinery-workers-who-went-on-strike\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Union Says Chevron Fired Several Richmond Refinery Workers Who Went on Strike\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">,’ by Ted Goldberg, Feb. 5, 2023.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/about/17653/help-make-the-bay-even-better\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Bay Survey\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cdiv class=\"card card--enclosed grey\">\n\u003cp id=\"embed-code\" class=\"inconsolata\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC4497538450&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "a-dead-heat-richmond-city-council-race-will-be-decided-by-drawing-a-name-from-an-envelope",
"title": "Cesar Zepeda Wins Richmond City Council Race After Name Is Drawn From Red Shopping Bag",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 10 a.m. Thursday\u003c/strong>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Talk about luck of the draw! Cesar Zepeda was announced the winner of the Richmond District 2 City Council race on Tuesday morning after the city clerk pulled a green envelope with his name in it out of a red paper shopping bag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zepeda will be the first openly gay man to serve on Richmond’s City Council. He’s scheduled to be sworn in Jan. 10.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unusual process, which was livestreamed but not open to the public or the press, was conducted to break a tie between Zepeda and his opponent, Andrew Butt, who received the exact same number of votes last month in their bid for the seat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing in the Richmond City Council chambers Tuesday morning, the two candidates, both wearing masks covering their mouths and noses, were instructed by City Clerk Pamela Christian to write their names on slips of paper, seal them in small green envelopes, and place each envelope in a small, red, paper “Christmas bag,” as Christian referred to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christian then instructed both candidates to individually shake the bag. Butt, dressed casually, went first, giving it a hearty jiggle. Zepeda, in a suit and tie, followed with a gentler touch, prompting Christian to playfully chide him: “Come on, Cesar, shake it!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11934288\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1632px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/richmondd2.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11934288\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/richmondd2.jpg\" alt=\"Two pics, each of two men standing in front of a table.\" width=\"1632\" height=\"522\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/richmondd2.jpg 1632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/richmondd2-800x256.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/richmondd2-1020x326.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/richmondd2-160x51.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/richmondd2-1536x491.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1632px) 100vw, 1632px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In these two, very grainy screen grabs from the livestreamed video, Richmond City Council District 2 candidates Andrew Butt (left) and Cesar Zepeda first put their names in green envelopes and then put the envelopes in a red shopping bag, as Richmond City Clerk Pamela Christian observes behind them. The tie-breaker event took place in the Richmond City Council chambers at 9 a.m. on Tuesday morning, Dec. 6, 2022. \u003ccite>(Taken from livestream provided by City of Richmond)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With each candidate holding on to either side of the bag, Christian then reached in and mistakenly drew both envelopes. She then put both envelopes back in the bag and instructed the candidates to repeat the shaking process and resume their positions on either side of the bag. She then drew a single envelope, slowly opened it and announced:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The winner for District 2 is Cesar Zepeda. Congratulations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a brief moment, both candidates appeared stunned, facial expressions veiled by their masks. They then shook hands, amid a sprinkling of applause, at which point the livestream ended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the drawing, Zepeda dashed off to his day job, as a benefits consultant, and said he was still processing the news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My emails, my texts and every messaging app I have has been blowing up for the past couple of hours,” he told KQED. “It hasn’t quite yet hit reality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zepeda acknowledged the quirkiness of the tiebreak process, and said the city should reconsider how to resolve future deadlocked races.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While it’s not very common, we need to make sure that we lean more on the democratically elected person versus luck of the draw,” he said, suggesting that a runoff election could be a fairer method of determining a winner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his part, Butt said he was still a bit stunned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m taking it all in right now,” Butt said on Tuesday, after the drawing. “It’s not a great way to decide these things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butt said his family on Wednesday had filed the official paperwork requesting a recount, and was negotiating how to divvy up the considerable cost of it. The decision to do so, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/12/07/early-groundhog-day-recounts-called-for-antioch-richmond-council-races/\">he told the East Bay Times\u003c/a>, was driven by a “combination of wanting to follow it through to the end having come this far, and feeling like there are some issues worth looking into.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original story, 6 p.m. Friday, Dec. 2: \u003c/strong>A hotly contested City Council race in Richmond is going to be decided old-school raffle style … with a random drawing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, you read that correctly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move comes after District 2 candidates Andrew Butt and Cesar Zepeda both received the same number of votes — 1,921, to be precise — in a recount that Contra Costa County election officials performed by hand this week, ahead of Friday’s vote-certification deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richmond’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.ci.richmond.ca.us/DocumentCenter/View/61006/Adopted-Map-201-2020-Census-4-5-2022?bidId=\">newly redrawn District 2\u003c/a> covers a large swath of the city’s west side, including Point Richmond and other communities near its shoreline. Chevron’s oil refinery is also located within the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the county oversees Richmond’s elections, the city takes over in the extraordinarily unlikely event of a tie. Election code allows for a standard game of chance to be used to break any such stalemate — be it a coin flip, a roll of the dice, or a drawing — said Helen Nolan, the county’s assistant registrar of voters.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Cesar Zepeda, Richmond City Council candidate\"]‘Many people usually question themselves whether their vote matters or not. Here you can see it. The difference could have been one vote.’[/pullquote]Per obscure \u003ca href=\"https://www.ci.richmond.ca.us/ArchiveCenter/ViewFile/Item/12132\">Richmond city protocol (PDF)\u003c/a>, both candidates will appear before the city clerk, who will then “place the name of each candidate in a sealed unmarked envelope and the tie shall be broken by lot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s totally surreal and it just feels very bizarre, frankly, that after all the effort and all the votes that it would ultimately come down to pure luck,” said Butt, the son of outgoing mayor Tom Butt. He said a runoff election seemed much more sensible, and criticized officials for failing to adequately inform the public — not to mention the candidates themselves — about the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I find it pretty odd, honestly,” Butt added. “It seems a peculiar way to decide an election.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until the county’s audit this week, Butt had clutched onto an incredibly narrow, yet decisive lead — of five votes. But that advantage evaporated when 11 ballots that had been initially sidelined due to minor voter errors, were reintroduced into the mix, leveling the playing field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To make matters all the more confounding, it remained unclear on Friday exactly when the drawing would actually happen, as the city clerk was reportedly out sick that day, and her office staff said a date — presumably for the following week — had yet to be scheduled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s definitely some anxiety there, right, because we want to know the results already. We’ve been waiting so long,” said Zepeda, the second candidate, who had never heard of an exact tie happening before in a Richmond election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But ultimately, what I’m also feeling is excitement. Because it’s exciting to be able to see the process of voting come to life,” he added. “Many people usually question themselves whether their vote matters or not. Here you can see it. The difference could have been one vote.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zepeda agreed with his opponent that a runoff may have been a good option.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But democracy works all the way to the 50-50, and part of democracy is the process that’s been put into place,” he said. “And democracy is still there because we voted for people that put this process into place years ago — about how to break the tie.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A dead-heat finish is not without precedent in the county. In 2018, \u003ca href=\"https://eastcountytoday.net/by-roll-of-dice-larry-enos-reelected-to-byron-bethany-irrigation-district/\">the race for Byron-Bethany Irrigation District Division 1 director \u003c/a> resulted in a tie and was decided by … the roll of a 20-sided dice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This story includes additional reporting from KQED’s Daisy Nguyen.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The tie-break process was conducted after District 2 candidates Andrew Butt and Cesar Zepeda received exactly the same number of votes in the race for the District 2 City Council seat.",
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"title": "Cesar Zepeda Wins Richmond City Council Race After Name Is Drawn From Red Shopping Bag | KQED",
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"headline": "Cesar Zepeda Wins Richmond City Council Race After Name Is Drawn From Red Shopping Bag",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 10 a.m. Thursday\u003c/strong>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Talk about luck of the draw! Cesar Zepeda was announced the winner of the Richmond District 2 City Council race on Tuesday morning after the city clerk pulled a green envelope with his name in it out of a red paper shopping bag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zepeda will be the first openly gay man to serve on Richmond’s City Council. He’s scheduled to be sworn in Jan. 10.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unusual process, which was livestreamed but not open to the public or the press, was conducted to break a tie between Zepeda and his opponent, Andrew Butt, who received the exact same number of votes last month in their bid for the seat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing in the Richmond City Council chambers Tuesday morning, the two candidates, both wearing masks covering their mouths and noses, were instructed by City Clerk Pamela Christian to write their names on slips of paper, seal them in small green envelopes, and place each envelope in a small, red, paper “Christmas bag,” as Christian referred to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christian then instructed both candidates to individually shake the bag. Butt, dressed casually, went first, giving it a hearty jiggle. Zepeda, in a suit and tie, followed with a gentler touch, prompting Christian to playfully chide him: “Come on, Cesar, shake it!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11934288\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1632px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/richmondd2.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11934288\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/richmondd2.jpg\" alt=\"Two pics, each of two men standing in front of a table.\" width=\"1632\" height=\"522\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/richmondd2.jpg 1632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/richmondd2-800x256.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/richmondd2-1020x326.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/richmondd2-160x51.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/richmondd2-1536x491.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1632px) 100vw, 1632px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In these two, very grainy screen grabs from the livestreamed video, Richmond City Council District 2 candidates Andrew Butt (left) and Cesar Zepeda first put their names in green envelopes and then put the envelopes in a red shopping bag, as Richmond City Clerk Pamela Christian observes behind them. The tie-breaker event took place in the Richmond City Council chambers at 9 a.m. on Tuesday morning, Dec. 6, 2022. \u003ccite>(Taken from livestream provided by City of Richmond)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With each candidate holding on to either side of the bag, Christian then reached in and mistakenly drew both envelopes. She then put both envelopes back in the bag and instructed the candidates to repeat the shaking process and resume their positions on either side of the bag. She then drew a single envelope, slowly opened it and announced:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The winner for District 2 is Cesar Zepeda. Congratulations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a brief moment, both candidates appeared stunned, facial expressions veiled by their masks. They then shook hands, amid a sprinkling of applause, at which point the livestream ended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the drawing, Zepeda dashed off to his day job, as a benefits consultant, and said he was still processing the news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My emails, my texts and every messaging app I have has been blowing up for the past couple of hours,” he told KQED. “It hasn’t quite yet hit reality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zepeda acknowledged the quirkiness of the tiebreak process, and said the city should reconsider how to resolve future deadlocked races.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While it’s not very common, we need to make sure that we lean more on the democratically elected person versus luck of the draw,” he said, suggesting that a runoff election could be a fairer method of determining a winner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his part, Butt said he was still a bit stunned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m taking it all in right now,” Butt said on Tuesday, after the drawing. “It’s not a great way to decide these things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butt said his family on Wednesday had filed the official paperwork requesting a recount, and was negotiating how to divvy up the considerable cost of it. The decision to do so, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/12/07/early-groundhog-day-recounts-called-for-antioch-richmond-council-races/\">he told the East Bay Times\u003c/a>, was driven by a “combination of wanting to follow it through to the end having come this far, and feeling like there are some issues worth looking into.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original story, 6 p.m. Friday, Dec. 2: \u003c/strong>A hotly contested City Council race in Richmond is going to be decided old-school raffle style … with a random drawing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, you read that correctly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move comes after District 2 candidates Andrew Butt and Cesar Zepeda both received the same number of votes — 1,921, to be precise — in a recount that Contra Costa County election officials performed by hand this week, ahead of Friday’s vote-certification deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richmond’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.ci.richmond.ca.us/DocumentCenter/View/61006/Adopted-Map-201-2020-Census-4-5-2022?bidId=\">newly redrawn District 2\u003c/a> covers a large swath of the city’s west side, including Point Richmond and other communities near its shoreline. Chevron’s oil refinery is also located within the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the county oversees Richmond’s elections, the city takes over in the extraordinarily unlikely event of a tie. Election code allows for a standard game of chance to be used to break any such stalemate — be it a coin flip, a roll of the dice, or a drawing — said Helen Nolan, the county’s assistant registrar of voters.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Per obscure \u003ca href=\"https://www.ci.richmond.ca.us/ArchiveCenter/ViewFile/Item/12132\">Richmond city protocol (PDF)\u003c/a>, both candidates will appear before the city clerk, who will then “place the name of each candidate in a sealed unmarked envelope and the tie shall be broken by lot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s totally surreal and it just feels very bizarre, frankly, that after all the effort and all the votes that it would ultimately come down to pure luck,” said Butt, the son of outgoing mayor Tom Butt. He said a runoff election seemed much more sensible, and criticized officials for failing to adequately inform the public — not to mention the candidates themselves — about the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I find it pretty odd, honestly,” Butt added. “It seems a peculiar way to decide an election.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until the county’s audit this week, Butt had clutched onto an incredibly narrow, yet decisive lead — of five votes. But that advantage evaporated when 11 ballots that had been initially sidelined due to minor voter errors, were reintroduced into the mix, leveling the playing field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To make matters all the more confounding, it remained unclear on Friday exactly when the drawing would actually happen, as the city clerk was reportedly out sick that day, and her office staff said a date — presumably for the following week — had yet to be scheduled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s definitely some anxiety there, right, because we want to know the results already. We’ve been waiting so long,” said Zepeda, the second candidate, who had never heard of an exact tie happening before in a Richmond election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But ultimately, what I’m also feeling is excitement. Because it’s exciting to be able to see the process of voting come to life,” he added. “Many people usually question themselves whether their vote matters or not. Here you can see it. The difference could have been one vote.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zepeda agreed with his opponent that a runoff may have been a good option.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But democracy works all the way to the 50-50, and part of democracy is the process that’s been put into place,” he said. “And democracy is still there because we voted for people that put this process into place years ago — about how to break the tie.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A dead-heat finish is not without precedent in the county. In 2018, \u003ca href=\"https://eastcountytoday.net/by-roll-of-dice-larry-enos-reelected-to-byron-bethany-irrigation-district/\">the race for Byron-Bethany Irrigation District Division 1 director \u003c/a> resulted in a tie and was decided by … the roll of a 20-sided dice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This story includes additional reporting from KQED’s Daisy Nguyen.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Homes for All: Richmond's 1950s Attempt at Integrated Housing",
"headTitle": "Homes for All: Richmond’s 1950s Attempt at Integrated Housing | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/3GZjPUc\">\u003cem>Read the transcript here.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You would be hard-pressed to get lost in Parchester Village, a small neighborhood in North Richmond. There’s a big loop road encircling the neighborhood of some 400 homes — \u003ca href=\"https://www.eichlernetwork.com/article/king-flat-tops\">many of which feature the original flat-top roof design\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea [for Parchester Village] was spearheaded by a group of ministers,” said longtime Village resident Maxine Henagan. “And the streets are named after each one of those ministers that participated on the committee that would spearhead getting the land.” \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Those ministers also organized to sell the homes.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One local minister in particular, Rev. Guthrie Williams, led the charge in brokering a deal with a local politician and a wealthy landowner to create quality housing for Black Americans at a time when racist lending and housing policies, like redlining, barred Black people from buying homes. The result was the first tract home development in Northern California explicitly open to Black residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Wartime workers organize to demand rights\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>During World War II, many Black Americans left the South and moved to Richmond for jobs in the shipyards. When the war ended, the wartime housing projects where they lived were scheduled to be torn down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The postwar period saw a real frenzy of building communities and homes and developments all around in the suburban areas,” said Shirley Ann Moore, professor emerita of history at \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sacramento State University\u003c/span>. “But those developments that were going up were restricted on a racial basis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore’s book, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520229204/to-place-our-deeds\">To Place Our Deeds: The African American Community in Richmond, California, 1910–1963\u003c/a>,” details the Black community’s impact on Richmond before and after World War II. According to Moore, city officials hoped all newcomers who moved for the war industries, Black people especially, would go back to where they came from after the war. Instead, the working-class Black community in Richmond grew, becoming an influential political force in the area — a political force that was not only exercising its power in Richmond, but across the country, paving the road for the modern civil rights movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those working-class Black people took the lead,” said Moore. “People who had been presumed not to be aware of the political currents around them were really in the vanguard.” Enter Rev. Guthrie Williams, a carpenter by trade who, in 1949, started organizing to end housing and workplace discrimination in Richmond. A self-described “persistent, cantankerous cuss,” Williams created the small, Richmond-based Universal Non-Partisan League to help bridge the racial divide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11933547\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11933547\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Guthrie-Williams-in-newspaper-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing glasses next to a table with family photographs\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Guthrie-Williams-in-newspaper-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Guthrie-Williams-in-newspaper-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Guthrie-Williams-in-newspaper-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Guthrie-Williams-in-newspaper-1536x1021.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Guthrie-Williams-in-newspaper-1920x1276.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Guthrie-Williams-in-newspaper.jpg 1988w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rev. Guthrie Williams in a photo featured in the Independent and Gazette in December 1980. \u003ccite>(Mike Musielski for the Independent and Gazette/Courtesy of Richmond Museum of History and Culture)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“He garnered a lot of support from those people living in the housing projects, and they became very valuable voters. And white politicians began to see that, too,” Moore said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amos Hinkley was one of those white politicians, a City Council member running for reelection in 1949. He approached Williams and the League to support his campaign. Williams agreed in exchange for Hinkley’s commitment to create permanent housing for Black people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hinkley was backed by Fred Parr, a wealthy developer who was key in building the Richmond shipping terminal and Kaiser shipyards. Parr brought lots of industry to the Bay Area, like the Ford Motor Company plant in Richmond, and owned 800 acres of industrial land in North Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11933530\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 246px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-11933530\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Fred-Parr-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"246\" height=\"317\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Fred-Parr-1.jpg 386w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Fred-Parr-1-160x206.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 246px) 100vw, 246px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Portrait of Fred Parr in 1952. \u003ccite>(The Henry Ford)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hinkley arranged a meeting among Parr, Williams and another local minister to talk about how some of Parr’s land could be used for housing for the Black community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 2002 documentary “\u003ca href=\"https://richmond.granicus.com/MediaPlayer.php?view_id=6&clip_id=312\">An Exploration of Our History: The Story of North Richmond\u003c/a>,” then-Richmond City Manager Isiah Turner, now deceased, recounted the deal: “[Parr] agreed that if the ministers could help them sell the homes for this land out here that he owned, that he would support working with the Black community so we could buy these homes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11933536\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11933536\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Mackay-John-and-Dick-and-Earl-Smith-1-cropped-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Mackay-John-and-Dick-and-Earl-Smith-1-cropped-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Mackay-John-and-Dick-and-Earl-Smith-1-cropped-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Mackay-John-and-Dick-and-Earl-Smith-1-cropped-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Mackay-John-and-Dick-and-Earl-Smith-1-cropped-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Mackay-John-and-Dick-and-Earl-Smith-1-cropped.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Builder Earl W. ‘Flat Top’ Smith (fourth from left) with neighborhood ministers, including Rev. L. Thomas (fourth from right, rear) and other developers at Parchester Village in Richmond. Smith, famous for his modern, affordable home-building — with flat-top roofs — designed and built the homes for Parchester Village. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the El Cerrito Historical Society)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the end of the meeting, Williams had a commitment from Parr to back the housing development that would become Parchester Village.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Envisioning a community for ‘all Americans’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When Parchester Village opened in 1950, it was advertised as “a home community for all Americans.” Early sales reflected that goal, with 30% of homes purchased by white buyers and the remaining 70% by Black and Asian Americans. That’s according to Fred Parr’s nephew, John Parr Cox, who recalled the housing project in a \u003ca href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb329005h7;NAAN=13030&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=0&toc.id=0&brand=oac4\">1986 interview with the UC Berkeley Oral History Project\u003c/a>. But “within a couple of years, the community changed completely to all Black,” Parr Cox said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11933533\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 278px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-11933533\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Parchester-Flyer-Yellow-scaled-e1669768391728-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"278\" height=\"371\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Parchester-Flyer-Yellow-scaled-e1669768391728-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Parchester-Flyer-Yellow-scaled-e1669768391728-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Parchester-Flyer-Yellow-scaled-e1669768391728-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Parchester-Flyer-Yellow-scaled-e1669768391728-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Parchester-Flyer-Yellow-scaled-e1669768391728-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Parchester-Flyer-Yellow-scaled-e1669768391728.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 278px) 100vw, 278px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Archival partial photocopy of the original advertisement for the sale of Parchester Village homes. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Richmond Public Library Richmond Collection)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“White flight” was common at the time, wherein white families fled neighborhoods where people of color were moving in. Some Black Richmondites held the more cynical view that Fred Parr never intended for an integrated community to work out, said Moore, of \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sacramento State University\u003c/span>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of the intentions of the white community, Rev. Williams told the Independent and Gazette in 1980 that he wanted Parchester to be an “All-American project.” He added, “We hoped to set a standard of perfection in fair play in housing for the Bay Area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Williams’ dream of a racially integrated community didn’t work out, the Black people who moved in still created something special. The political pressure Williams and others placed on city leaders to build Parchester Village was just the beginning of what became an active, organized neighborhood association that supported a vibrant community known for its safety, high-achieving children and regular block-party barbecues.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘We never locked our doors’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It was a village that everybody’s home was your home,” Charleszetta Pruitt remembered. Pruitt is a former resident whose family was one of the first to settle in Parchester. “You were cared about,” she said. “They provided for you.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11933554\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11933554 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Charleszetta-Pruitt-family-1-800x516.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"516\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Charleszetta-Pruitt-family-1-800x516.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Charleszetta-Pruitt-family-1-1020x658.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Charleszetta-Pruitt-family-1-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Charleszetta-Pruitt-family-1-1536x991.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Charleszetta-Pruitt-family-1-2048x1322.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Charleszetta-Pruitt-family-1-1920x1239.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charleszetta Pruitt’s parents lounging on their lawn on Johnson Drive in Parchester Village while Pruitt, age 7, plays with a friend, circa 1954. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Charleszetta Pruitt)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It felt like family, like a safe place,” recalled KQED announcer Michelle Henagan, who also grew up in Parchester Village. “Like coming home from school, you knew all your friends are going to be going around the neighborhood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michelle’s mother, Maxine Henagan, has lived in the Village since 1974 and takes pride in its history. “I think it’s exciting to be part of that history and knowing that the neighborhood where I live is actually organized and spearheaded by African American people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11933527\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11933527 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Maxine-Henagan-cropped-800x559.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"559\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Maxine-Henagan-cropped-800x559.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Maxine-Henagan-cropped-1020x713.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Maxine-Henagan-cropped-160x112.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Maxine-Henagan-cropped-1536x1073.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Maxine-Henagan-cropped-2048x1431.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Maxine-Henagan-cropped-1920x1342.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Parchester Village resident Maxine Henagan at home, holding up the T-shirt she designed for the Village’s 45th anniversary reunion celebration. \u003ccite>(Ariana Proehl/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The political organizing that Rev. Williams exemplified continued as the community grew. Parchester Village was built on unincorporated land, so residents lobbied the county to get services like streetlights and sewage through nearby San Pablo. They also sued the city of Richmond in 1950 to give their children access to Richmond’s public schools. It was one of many battles residents fought and won over the years. Eventually, they petitioned to be formally incorporated into Richmond, which was approved in 1963.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Resident Goretha Johnson, who currently serves as the Parchester Village Neighborhood Council president, reflected on growing up in the Village during those early years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were really self-contained,” she said. “We had our own store, our own gas station, our own nightclub. We were a community of many different professions because at that time they wouldn’t allow Black people to buy in other neighborhoods. So we had plumbers, laborers, teachers, doctors. Just everybody came together into one place. And everybody took pride in their property.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11933526\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11933526\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Hart-and-Johnson-edited-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Hart-and-Johnson-edited-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Hart-and-Johnson-edited-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Hart-and-Johnson-edited-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Hart-and-Johnson-edited-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Hart-and-Johnson-edited-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Hart-and-Johnson-edited-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Parchester Village residents Lori Hart (left) and Goretha Johnson at Johnson’s home. \u003ccite>(Ariana Proehl/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Resident Lori Hart, a friend of Johnson’s, also grew up in Parchester Village and lives there now. She remembered the Village’s political prowess well: “We used to be extremely politically involved. I remember hearing about how they would go down to the City Council and raise some Cain if something was not right.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hart was a big fan of the neighborhood’s bookmobile, which came by regularly to lend books. “It was anticipated and expected you would be somebody growing up,” Hart said. “We were taught and encouraged to read and we were taught to respect one another.” She added that the Village “was a space of safety. We never locked our doors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Change comes to Parchester\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Changes started creeping into the community in the 1970s. After the Fair Housing Act of 1968, more Bay Area neighborhoods started to integrate. The Village was no longer the only place in Richmond where Black families could buy, so they started branching out into other parts of the city. By the 1980s, many of the local businesses had long since closed. And then the crack epidemic hit the community hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[emailsignup newslettername=\"baycurious\" align=\"right\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s when the landscape really changed,” Johnson said. “It just kind of wiped through everybody’s home. It’s like everybody was touched with somebody who had got involved with that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early 1990s, a neighborhood teenager was shot and killed in a drive-by shooting. His death rocked the Parchester community. In response, Marilyn Dillihant, then a county alcohol and drug prevention specialist who grew up in Parchester, reasserted the Village’s values and established a youth association to give young people positive things to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the early 2000s, many original homeowners still called Parchester home, and the block-party barbecues were still in effect. But, like any neighborhood that evolves over time, it was becoming harder to hold onto its founding essence. It was also harder to hold onto homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High housing costs have pushed many Black families out of the Bay Area, putting \u003ca href=\"https://bayareaequityatlas.org/node/65531\">current Black homeownership rates at just 34%\u003c/a>, according to data analysis by Bay Area Equity Atlas. That’s a decline that’s mirrored in Parchester, where it’s now only 20% Black, according to the 2020 census. Twenty years ago, the population was almost 80% Black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With fewer residents who have direct ties to the tight-knit, open-door community of Parchester’s heyday, the strong sense of community it once cultivated has waned.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Parchester spirit lives on\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Eli Moore, program director with \u003ca href=\"https://belonging.berkeley.edu/\">UC Berkeley’s Othering and Belonging Institute\u003c/a> who co-authored \u003ca href=\"https://belonging.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/haasinstitute_housingandbelongingrichmond_psprint_jan11.pdf\">a 2017 housing study in Richmond (PDF)\u003c/a>, said recent community efforts in Richmond remind him of Parchester Village.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m thinking about \u003ca href=\"https://www.richmondland.org/potowski-av\">Richmond Land\u003c/a> and the community land trust that they’ve set up and the way that they’re really working with residents to build new models for collectively owning and developing housing,” Moore said. “And in that way, becoming more self-sufficient and creating platforms for the community to take action — with city support or without city support — to meet their needs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stories like Parchester’s also fuel conversations Moore and the institute have had around belonging in the Bay Area. “How do folks hold onto the place that they love and live in? It’s belonging to place — and that doesn’t just mean geography,” Moore said. “It means the connections to neighbors, to faith communities, to schools and elders and friends and community. It’s belonging to a collective, to a history, to a set of memories, as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite all the changes, Hart and Johnson are committed to bringing back some of the classic Parchester Village spirit to the community and feeding that sense of belonging Moore described. The Neighborhood Center, one of the last standing original Parchester institutions, was recently renovated and can once again be a hub for meetings and events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11933523\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11933523\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Neighborhood-Center-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Neighborhood-Center-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Neighborhood-Center-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Neighborhood-Center-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Neighborhood-Center-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Neighborhood-Center.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Parchester Village Neighborhood Center. \u003ccite>(Ariana Proehl/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re looking forward to that,” Hart said. “Trying to restore some of the glory of the old and just bring back some of the remembrance.” And, if Hart has her way, maybe bring a roller derby, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Richmond's Black community struck a deal with politicians to build integrated housing long before the Fair Housing Act. Instead, a thriving Black community grew.",
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"title": "Homes for All: Richmond's 1950s Attempt at Integrated Housing | KQED",
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"subhead": "Parchester Village in Richmond, California tried to build integrated housing in the 1950s. Here's what happened.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/3GZjPUc\">\u003cem>Read the transcript here.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You would be hard-pressed to get lost in Parchester Village, a small neighborhood in North Richmond. There’s a big loop road encircling the neighborhood of some 400 homes — \u003ca href=\"https://www.eichlernetwork.com/article/king-flat-tops\">many of which feature the original flat-top roof design\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea [for Parchester Village] was spearheaded by a group of ministers,” said longtime Village resident Maxine Henagan. “And the streets are named after each one of those ministers that participated on the committee that would spearhead getting the land.” \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Those ministers also organized to sell the homes.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One local minister in particular, Rev. Guthrie Williams, led the charge in brokering a deal with a local politician and a wealthy landowner to create quality housing for Black Americans at a time when racist lending and housing policies, like redlining, barred Black people from buying homes. The result was the first tract home development in Northern California explicitly open to Black residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Wartime workers organize to demand rights\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>During World War II, many Black Americans left the South and moved to Richmond for jobs in the shipyards. When the war ended, the wartime housing projects where they lived were scheduled to be torn down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The postwar period saw a real frenzy of building communities and homes and developments all around in the suburban areas,” said Shirley Ann Moore, professor emerita of history at \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sacramento State University\u003c/span>. “But those developments that were going up were restricted on a racial basis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore’s book, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520229204/to-place-our-deeds\">To Place Our Deeds: The African American Community in Richmond, California, 1910–1963\u003c/a>,” details the Black community’s impact on Richmond before and after World War II. According to Moore, city officials hoped all newcomers who moved for the war industries, Black people especially, would go back to where they came from after the war. Instead, the working-class Black community in Richmond grew, becoming an influential political force in the area — a political force that was not only exercising its power in Richmond, but across the country, paving the road for the modern civil rights movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those working-class Black people took the lead,” said Moore. “People who had been presumed not to be aware of the political currents around them were really in the vanguard.” Enter Rev. Guthrie Williams, a carpenter by trade who, in 1949, started organizing to end housing and workplace discrimination in Richmond. A self-described “persistent, cantankerous cuss,” Williams created the small, Richmond-based Universal Non-Partisan League to help bridge the racial divide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11933547\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11933547\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Guthrie-Williams-in-newspaper-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing glasses next to a table with family photographs\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Guthrie-Williams-in-newspaper-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Guthrie-Williams-in-newspaper-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Guthrie-Williams-in-newspaper-160x106.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Guthrie-Williams-in-newspaper-1536x1021.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Guthrie-Williams-in-newspaper-1920x1276.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Guthrie-Williams-in-newspaper.jpg 1988w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rev. Guthrie Williams in a photo featured in the Independent and Gazette in December 1980. \u003ccite>(Mike Musielski for the Independent and Gazette/Courtesy of Richmond Museum of History and Culture)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“He garnered a lot of support from those people living in the housing projects, and they became very valuable voters. And white politicians began to see that, too,” Moore said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amos Hinkley was one of those white politicians, a City Council member running for reelection in 1949. He approached Williams and the League to support his campaign. Williams agreed in exchange for Hinkley’s commitment to create permanent housing for Black people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hinkley was backed by Fred Parr, a wealthy developer who was key in building the Richmond shipping terminal and Kaiser shipyards. Parr brought lots of industry to the Bay Area, like the Ford Motor Company plant in Richmond, and owned 800 acres of industrial land in North Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11933530\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 246px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-11933530\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Fred-Parr-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"246\" height=\"317\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Fred-Parr-1.jpg 386w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Fred-Parr-1-160x206.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 246px) 100vw, 246px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Portrait of Fred Parr in 1952. \u003ccite>(The Henry Ford)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hinkley arranged a meeting among Parr, Williams and another local minister to talk about how some of Parr’s land could be used for housing for the Black community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 2002 documentary “\u003ca href=\"https://richmond.granicus.com/MediaPlayer.php?view_id=6&clip_id=312\">An Exploration of Our History: The Story of North Richmond\u003c/a>,” then-Richmond City Manager Isiah Turner, now deceased, recounted the deal: “[Parr] agreed that if the ministers could help them sell the homes for this land out here that he owned, that he would support working with the Black community so we could buy these homes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11933536\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11933536\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Mackay-John-and-Dick-and-Earl-Smith-1-cropped-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Mackay-John-and-Dick-and-Earl-Smith-1-cropped-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Mackay-John-and-Dick-and-Earl-Smith-1-cropped-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Mackay-John-and-Dick-and-Earl-Smith-1-cropped-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Mackay-John-and-Dick-and-Earl-Smith-1-cropped-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Mackay-John-and-Dick-and-Earl-Smith-1-cropped.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Builder Earl W. ‘Flat Top’ Smith (fourth from left) with neighborhood ministers, including Rev. L. Thomas (fourth from right, rear) and other developers at Parchester Village in Richmond. Smith, famous for his modern, affordable home-building — with flat-top roofs — designed and built the homes for Parchester Village. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the El Cerrito Historical Society)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the end of the meeting, Williams had a commitment from Parr to back the housing development that would become Parchester Village.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Envisioning a community for ‘all Americans’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When Parchester Village opened in 1950, it was advertised as “a home community for all Americans.” Early sales reflected that goal, with 30% of homes purchased by white buyers and the remaining 70% by Black and Asian Americans. That’s according to Fred Parr’s nephew, John Parr Cox, who recalled the housing project in a \u003ca href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb329005h7;NAAN=13030&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=0&toc.id=0&brand=oac4\">1986 interview with the UC Berkeley Oral History Project\u003c/a>. But “within a couple of years, the community changed completely to all Black,” Parr Cox said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11933533\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 278px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-11933533\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Parchester-Flyer-Yellow-scaled-e1669768391728-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"278\" height=\"371\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Parchester-Flyer-Yellow-scaled-e1669768391728-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Parchester-Flyer-Yellow-scaled-e1669768391728-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Parchester-Flyer-Yellow-scaled-e1669768391728-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Parchester-Flyer-Yellow-scaled-e1669768391728-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Parchester-Flyer-Yellow-scaled-e1669768391728-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Parchester-Flyer-Yellow-scaled-e1669768391728.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 278px) 100vw, 278px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Archival partial photocopy of the original advertisement for the sale of Parchester Village homes. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Richmond Public Library Richmond Collection)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“White flight” was common at the time, wherein white families fled neighborhoods where people of color were moving in. Some Black Richmondites held the more cynical view that Fred Parr never intended for an integrated community to work out, said Moore, of \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sacramento State University\u003c/span>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of the intentions of the white community, Rev. Williams told the Independent and Gazette in 1980 that he wanted Parchester to be an “All-American project.” He added, “We hoped to set a standard of perfection in fair play in housing for the Bay Area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Williams’ dream of a racially integrated community didn’t work out, the Black people who moved in still created something special. The political pressure Williams and others placed on city leaders to build Parchester Village was just the beginning of what became an active, organized neighborhood association that supported a vibrant community known for its safety, high-achieving children and regular block-party barbecues.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘We never locked our doors’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It was a village that everybody’s home was your home,” Charleszetta Pruitt remembered. Pruitt is a former resident whose family was one of the first to settle in Parchester. “You were cared about,” she said. “They provided for you.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11933554\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11933554 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Charleszetta-Pruitt-family-1-800x516.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"516\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Charleszetta-Pruitt-family-1-800x516.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Charleszetta-Pruitt-family-1-1020x658.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Charleszetta-Pruitt-family-1-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Charleszetta-Pruitt-family-1-1536x991.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Charleszetta-Pruitt-family-1-2048x1322.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Charleszetta-Pruitt-family-1-1920x1239.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charleszetta Pruitt’s parents lounging on their lawn on Johnson Drive in Parchester Village while Pruitt, age 7, plays with a friend, circa 1954. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Charleszetta Pruitt)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It felt like family, like a safe place,” recalled KQED announcer Michelle Henagan, who also grew up in Parchester Village. “Like coming home from school, you knew all your friends are going to be going around the neighborhood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michelle’s mother, Maxine Henagan, has lived in the Village since 1974 and takes pride in its history. “I think it’s exciting to be part of that history and knowing that the neighborhood where I live is actually organized and spearheaded by African American people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11933527\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11933527 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Maxine-Henagan-cropped-800x559.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"559\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Maxine-Henagan-cropped-800x559.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Maxine-Henagan-cropped-1020x713.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Maxine-Henagan-cropped-160x112.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Maxine-Henagan-cropped-1536x1073.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Maxine-Henagan-cropped-2048x1431.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Maxine-Henagan-cropped-1920x1342.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Parchester Village resident Maxine Henagan at home, holding up the T-shirt she designed for the Village’s 45th anniversary reunion celebration. \u003ccite>(Ariana Proehl/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The political organizing that Rev. Williams exemplified continued as the community grew. Parchester Village was built on unincorporated land, so residents lobbied the county to get services like streetlights and sewage through nearby San Pablo. They also sued the city of Richmond in 1950 to give their children access to Richmond’s public schools. It was one of many battles residents fought and won over the years. Eventually, they petitioned to be formally incorporated into Richmond, which was approved in 1963.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Resident Goretha Johnson, who currently serves as the Parchester Village Neighborhood Council president, reflected on growing up in the Village during those early years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were really self-contained,” she said. “We had our own store, our own gas station, our own nightclub. We were a community of many different professions because at that time they wouldn’t allow Black people to buy in other neighborhoods. So we had plumbers, laborers, teachers, doctors. Just everybody came together into one place. And everybody took pride in their property.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11933526\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11933526\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Hart-and-Johnson-edited-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Hart-and-Johnson-edited-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Hart-and-Johnson-edited-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Hart-and-Johnson-edited-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Hart-and-Johnson-edited-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Hart-and-Johnson-edited-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Hart-and-Johnson-edited-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Parchester Village residents Lori Hart (left) and Goretha Johnson at Johnson’s home. \u003ccite>(Ariana Proehl/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Resident Lori Hart, a friend of Johnson’s, also grew up in Parchester Village and lives there now. She remembered the Village’s political prowess well: “We used to be extremely politically involved. I remember hearing about how they would go down to the City Council and raise some Cain if something was not right.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hart was a big fan of the neighborhood’s bookmobile, which came by regularly to lend books. “It was anticipated and expected you would be somebody growing up,” Hart said. “We were taught and encouraged to read and we were taught to respect one another.” She added that the Village “was a space of safety. We never locked our doors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Change comes to Parchester\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Changes started creeping into the community in the 1970s. After the Fair Housing Act of 1968, more Bay Area neighborhoods started to integrate. The Village was no longer the only place in Richmond where Black families could buy, so they started branching out into other parts of the city. By the 1980s, many of the local businesses had long since closed. And then the crack epidemic hit the community hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s when the landscape really changed,” Johnson said. “It just kind of wiped through everybody’s home. It’s like everybody was touched with somebody who had got involved with that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early 1990s, a neighborhood teenager was shot and killed in a drive-by shooting. His death rocked the Parchester community. In response, Marilyn Dillihant, then a county alcohol and drug prevention specialist who grew up in Parchester, reasserted the Village’s values and established a youth association to give young people positive things to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the early 2000s, many original homeowners still called Parchester home, and the block-party barbecues were still in effect. But, like any neighborhood that evolves over time, it was becoming harder to hold onto its founding essence. It was also harder to hold onto homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High housing costs have pushed many Black families out of the Bay Area, putting \u003ca href=\"https://bayareaequityatlas.org/node/65531\">current Black homeownership rates at just 34%\u003c/a>, according to data analysis by Bay Area Equity Atlas. That’s a decline that’s mirrored in Parchester, where it’s now only 20% Black, according to the 2020 census. Twenty years ago, the population was almost 80% Black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With fewer residents who have direct ties to the tight-knit, open-door community of Parchester’s heyday, the strong sense of community it once cultivated has waned.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Parchester spirit lives on\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Eli Moore, program director with \u003ca href=\"https://belonging.berkeley.edu/\">UC Berkeley’s Othering and Belonging Institute\u003c/a> who co-authored \u003ca href=\"https://belonging.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/haasinstitute_housingandbelongingrichmond_psprint_jan11.pdf\">a 2017 housing study in Richmond (PDF)\u003c/a>, said recent community efforts in Richmond remind him of Parchester Village.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m thinking about \u003ca href=\"https://www.richmondland.org/potowski-av\">Richmond Land\u003c/a> and the community land trust that they’ve set up and the way that they’re really working with residents to build new models for collectively owning and developing housing,” Moore said. “And in that way, becoming more self-sufficient and creating platforms for the community to take action — with city support or without city support — to meet their needs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stories like Parchester’s also fuel conversations Moore and the institute have had around belonging in the Bay Area. “How do folks hold onto the place that they love and live in? It’s belonging to place — and that doesn’t just mean geography,” Moore said. “It means the connections to neighbors, to faith communities, to schools and elders and friends and community. It’s belonging to a collective, to a history, to a set of memories, as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite all the changes, Hart and Johnson are committed to bringing back some of the classic Parchester Village spirit to the community and feeding that sense of belonging Moore described. The Neighborhood Center, one of the last standing original Parchester institutions, was recently renovated and can once again be a hub for meetings and events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11933523\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11933523\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Neighborhood-Center-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Neighborhood-Center-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Neighborhood-Center-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Neighborhood-Center-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Neighborhood-Center-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/Neighborhood-Center.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Parchester Village Neighborhood Center. \u003ccite>(Ariana Proehl/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re looking forward to that,” Hart said. “Trying to restore some of the glory of the old and just bring back some of the remembrance.” And, if Hart has her way, maybe bring a roller derby, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "A Progressive Vision for Richmond: Mayor-Elect Eduardo Martinez Talks About What Lies Ahead",
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"headTitle": "A Progressive Vision for Richmond: Mayor-Elect Eduardo Martinez Talks About What Lies Ahead | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The recent midterm elections signaled big changes for local government in Richmond. Mayor-Elect Eduardo Martinez is the first Latino to hold the office, after a close-fought campaign against runner-up Shawn Dunning. A member of the Richmond Progressive Alliance and a City Council member of nearly eight years, Martinez will replace outgoing mayor Tom Butt in January when Butt’s second term expires, ending nearly three decades on the City Council, the last eight of those years as mayor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The election of Martinez, a second-generation Mexican American, and the rise to prominence of the Richmond Progressive Alliance in city government, heralds what many consider to be the start of a new chapter, if not a new era, in Richmond politics. Martinez recently talked to KQED’s Annelise Finney about what his plans are and where his priorities lie come Jan. 10 when he takes office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>ANNELISE FINNEY:\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>So just to get started, I know that you are part of the Richmond Progressive Alliance, and the alliance in this election has really cemented its majority within the City Council and now the mayorship as well. I wonder if you can tell me a little bit about what this moment tells us about Richmond politics.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>EDUARDO MARTINEZ:\u003c/strong> I believe what it says is that the young voters are beginning to make their presence felt. The people who are against the RPA are generally older voters who can be swayed by narratives of fear. You know, not enough police, high crime, dangerous place to live … Whereas the young people are looking at Richmond as a place to change, to create a new society, I believe. That’s why we have a lot of young people in organizations like \u003ca href=\"https://www.richcityrides.org/\">Rich City Rides\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://urbantilth.org/\">Urban Tilth\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.populardemocracy.org/our-partners/acce-institute-alliance-californians-community-empowerment\">ACCE\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbecal.org/organizing/northern-california/richmond/\">Communities for a Better Environment\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>One thing that I’ve heard you speak a lot about is visioning for a Richmond without the Chevron refinery. Can you describe how you plan to make that a reality?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think the community is already doing that. We have an umbrella organization called \u003ca href=\"https://www.ourpowerrichmond.org/\">[Richmond Our Power Coalition]\u003c/a>, and they’re a conglomerate of a lot of the organizations that I’ve already mentioned. And they’re in the process of putting together an outline and a game plan for making a just transition from fossil fuels to renewables. And I think it’s essential because as we all know, fossil fuels won’t last forever. And unless we start planning now, we’ll end up scuttling to find solutions as opposed to having a well-thought-out map for moving from one to the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>And when you think about what that map looks like for you as the new mayor of Richmond, what do you see as your first steps to making that happen?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, as any good leader, follow the lead of your constituents. I think I want to initiate conversations with Chevron. And if Chevron the corporation doesn’t want to have that conversation, I’d like to have a conversation with Chevron, the workers. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11908722/they-own-the-oil-but-the-people-are-ours-workers-strike-at-chevrons-richmond-refinery\">We supported them during their strike\u003c/a> and I plan to continue supporting them in whatever capacity I can, because I see the workers as community, and the community needs to stick together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I know that during the strike there were a number of workers who talked about wanting to push for the refinery to pay fair wages and to provide safe working conditions. But a lot of people still expressed seeing the refinery as an important source of jobs in Richmond. How do you square that with the desire to maybe deal differently with an industry that has brought so much environmental and health harm to the community?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, when Chevron is decommissioned, we’re not just going to leave a big mess there. It needs to be taken apart and cleaned up. And the best people to do that are the people who work there now, who are the people who know the plant, know how it’s put together, who will know how to take it apart. So I see continued work for them doing that as they train for other types of renewable jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So outside of the refinery, what are some of your top priorities as you approach this new mayorship?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, we have the issue of housing and we need to have more housing, but we need affordable housing. Most of the housing in the developments that we’ve catered to are high-end, especially considering the wages and the economic level that our residents are living at. So I would like to have more affordable housing. And I would like to have it infilled, so that we have higher density.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the higher density will also promote small business within the city. If you go down Macdonald Avenue, which used to be the main street — and you still have a \u003ca href=\"https://www.richmondmainstreet.org/\">Main Street Initiative\u003c/a> — it’s practically dead. You don’t see that many people walking the streets. So if we build housing so that there’s high density, you’ll see more people on the streets and more people means more customers. More customers means more stores throughout. There’s other streets that [also] need to be revitalized, such as Cutting Blvd., 23rd, San Pablo … But I also have a vision of creating what I called “community commercial nodes” so that every community will have an area where they can walk to and do their shopping or stop and have a cup of coffee and relate to their neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a store in North Richmond that is a mom-and-pop. It used to be a problem, but the store only took out alcohol and tobacco. And now people just go there for groceries, and [the owner] told me that by having the store there, he’s gotten to know everyone who lives there. So it’s more like a community than not. I would like to have places like that all over Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What do you see as potential challenges to building more affordable housing in Richmond, and how will you tackle them?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s always finances. You know, building quality housing on the cheap is almost impossible. But I believe that the city can work with developers to work out some way to fix it, to make it happen. We’re in conversation with developers, you know, and hopefully we can come to some kind of working solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The way I’ve seen that play out in other places usually involves providing tax breaks to the developer or other types of incentives, especially since affordable housing generally is less profitable for the developer.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right. But we’ve also considered doing land trusts, you know, like if the developer doesn’t have to buy the property and the property can be put into a land trust that belongs not to the developer but to the citizens of Richmond, then the developer immediately doesn’t have to consider the price of the property. And, like you said, tax breaks. There’s a lot of instruments — fiscal instruments — that can be used to make something work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So you mentioned affordable housing and environmental justice as it relates to Chevron. Are there any other top priorities you have as you approach your new role as mayor?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fiscal responsibility. We’ve had issues with staff presenting questionable policies that the City Council has voted on. And it wasn’t until we got a RPA majority that we started asking questions. And they were pushing what are called swap trades [and] with the swap trades that we had, we ended up paying $60 million in penalty fees. So they were trying to get us to do a swap trade to pay off the swap trade with the penalty. And we basically said “no way.” You know, it’s time to change the way we borrow money. And so we no longer have swap trades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And we’ll have to worry about those penalty fees that the city’s been plagued with. But, you know, fiscal responsibility in terms of making sure that we have enough incoming money. And that’s one of the reasons why I’ve supported Measure U, which will bring the money in that we need in order to do the things that we want to do. A lot of people, in terms of public safety, keep saying we need more police. But they never ask, where is the money coming from?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You know, so the same people who want more police don’t want Measure U. So there’s a big disconnect between what you want and what the city can afford to do. Already public safety is taking over practically half of the city budget. So if we get more police, then we end up having a larger deficit and end up having to defund Parks and Rec, and defund maintenance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Yeah. I know something I’ve heard you talk about in the past is wanting to staff up the city and fill some of the vacant city worker positions. Right now many cities around the Bay are struggling with this. For example, San Francisco has a ton of open vacancies and has been struggling to provide the wages that would draw people to those jobs. How do you square the need to fill the city roles with the need to be fiscally responsible?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, we’re doing a comp study now to figure out what fair wages are for the staff, and we hope to be able to provide those wages. But I think in order to have buy-in from everyone, we need to have a conversation with the unions — and not with the unions separately, but with the unions together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think we need to bring all of the forces that make up the city together to have that conversation. I know several years ago we had a budget deficit, and [newly elected Richmond City Council member] Melvin Willis and I called for a conversation with the unions and with staff to figure out how to find the money in the budget. And we were able to do that. We were able to balance the budget, but it took a group effort to do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And I believe that we can continue working that way in order to make Richmond not only a better place to live but a happier place to live, where people aren’t trying to take a bigger bite of the budget than the city can actually afford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I think of your election as a huge change within Richmond politics, especially since Mayor Butt has held the position for the last eight years. I wonder how you see your election. You’ve said you’re the first Latino to be elected mayor of Richmond, so how do you understand that distinction and what this transition means for the city at large?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, the demographics of the city of Richmond is trending to the Latinx community, and we have about 40% Latinx. And I think my election mirrors that. I also think that most of the people who voted for me are young people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And I’ve actually had some constituents say that I may be old, but I think young. So, I hope that’s true. But I do want to think differently. I want to think positively, hopefully. And I want to be innovative. I would like the city of Richmond to become a model for other cities in terms of forming a Blue/Green New Deal where everyone is working together on the just transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think we can do it and it will depend on a lot of creativity, a lot of thinking outside the box. But I think the people of Richmond have that. We just need to find a catalyst to bring it all together and watch it grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is there anything you’d like to say about your new position and what you see as the future of Richmond before we sign off?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yeah, you know, I think we need to start seeing each other as one community. [Former Richmond City Council member and current AC Transit Director, Ward 1] Jovanka Beckles always said that about Richmond, but it didn’t seem that most people agreed with that. It’s changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You know, I think that we will have one Richmond and that it’s the young people who are going to bring it about. I feel very, very hopeful. And I think my style is relaxed, is calm, is thoughtful, and I think that it will project onto the City Council, and our City Council’s meetings hopefully will be much more productive and much more amicable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "A Progressive Vision for Richmond: Mayor-Elect Eduardo Martinez Talks About What Lies Ahead | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The recent midterm elections signaled big changes for local government in Richmond. Mayor-Elect Eduardo Martinez is the first Latino to hold the office, after a close-fought campaign against runner-up Shawn Dunning. A member of the Richmond Progressive Alliance and a City Council member of nearly eight years, Martinez will replace outgoing mayor Tom Butt in January when Butt’s second term expires, ending nearly three decades on the City Council, the last eight of those years as mayor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The election of Martinez, a second-generation Mexican American, and the rise to prominence of the Richmond Progressive Alliance in city government, heralds what many consider to be the start of a new chapter, if not a new era, in Richmond politics. Martinez recently talked to KQED’s Annelise Finney about what his plans are and where his priorities lie come Jan. 10 when he takes office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>ANNELISE FINNEY:\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>So just to get started, I know that you are part of the Richmond Progressive Alliance, and the alliance in this election has really cemented its majority within the City Council and now the mayorship as well. I wonder if you can tell me a little bit about what this moment tells us about Richmond politics.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>EDUARDO MARTINEZ:\u003c/strong> I believe what it says is that the young voters are beginning to make their presence felt. The people who are against the RPA are generally older voters who can be swayed by narratives of fear. You know, not enough police, high crime, dangerous place to live … Whereas the young people are looking at Richmond as a place to change, to create a new society, I believe. That’s why we have a lot of young people in organizations like \u003ca href=\"https://www.richcityrides.org/\">Rich City Rides\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://urbantilth.org/\">Urban Tilth\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.populardemocracy.org/our-partners/acce-institute-alliance-californians-community-empowerment\">ACCE\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbecal.org/organizing/northern-california/richmond/\">Communities for a Better Environment\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>One thing that I’ve heard you speak a lot about is visioning for a Richmond without the Chevron refinery. Can you describe how you plan to make that a reality?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think the community is already doing that. We have an umbrella organization called \u003ca href=\"https://www.ourpowerrichmond.org/\">[Richmond Our Power Coalition]\u003c/a>, and they’re a conglomerate of a lot of the organizations that I’ve already mentioned. And they’re in the process of putting together an outline and a game plan for making a just transition from fossil fuels to renewables. And I think it’s essential because as we all know, fossil fuels won’t last forever. And unless we start planning now, we’ll end up scuttling to find solutions as opposed to having a well-thought-out map for moving from one to the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>And when you think about what that map looks like for you as the new mayor of Richmond, what do you see as your first steps to making that happen?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, as any good leader, follow the lead of your constituents. I think I want to initiate conversations with Chevron. And if Chevron the corporation doesn’t want to have that conversation, I’d like to have a conversation with Chevron, the workers. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11908722/they-own-the-oil-but-the-people-are-ours-workers-strike-at-chevrons-richmond-refinery\">We supported them during their strike\u003c/a> and I plan to continue supporting them in whatever capacity I can, because I see the workers as community, and the community needs to stick together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I know that during the strike there were a number of workers who talked about wanting to push for the refinery to pay fair wages and to provide safe working conditions. But a lot of people still expressed seeing the refinery as an important source of jobs in Richmond. How do you square that with the desire to maybe deal differently with an industry that has brought so much environmental and health harm to the community?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, when Chevron is decommissioned, we’re not just going to leave a big mess there. It needs to be taken apart and cleaned up. And the best people to do that are the people who work there now, who are the people who know the plant, know how it’s put together, who will know how to take it apart. So I see continued work for them doing that as they train for other types of renewable jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So outside of the refinery, what are some of your top priorities as you approach this new mayorship?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, we have the issue of housing and we need to have more housing, but we need affordable housing. Most of the housing in the developments that we’ve catered to are high-end, especially considering the wages and the economic level that our residents are living at. So I would like to have more affordable housing. And I would like to have it infilled, so that we have higher density.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the higher density will also promote small business within the city. If you go down Macdonald Avenue, which used to be the main street — and you still have a \u003ca href=\"https://www.richmondmainstreet.org/\">Main Street Initiative\u003c/a> — it’s practically dead. You don’t see that many people walking the streets. So if we build housing so that there’s high density, you’ll see more people on the streets and more people means more customers. More customers means more stores throughout. There’s other streets that [also] need to be revitalized, such as Cutting Blvd., 23rd, San Pablo … But I also have a vision of creating what I called “community commercial nodes” so that every community will have an area where they can walk to and do their shopping or stop and have a cup of coffee and relate to their neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a store in North Richmond that is a mom-and-pop. It used to be a problem, but the store only took out alcohol and tobacco. And now people just go there for groceries, and [the owner] told me that by having the store there, he’s gotten to know everyone who lives there. So it’s more like a community than not. I would like to have places like that all over Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What do you see as potential challenges to building more affordable housing in Richmond, and how will you tackle them?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s always finances. You know, building quality housing on the cheap is almost impossible. But I believe that the city can work with developers to work out some way to fix it, to make it happen. We’re in conversation with developers, you know, and hopefully we can come to some kind of working solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The way I’ve seen that play out in other places usually involves providing tax breaks to the developer or other types of incentives, especially since affordable housing generally is less profitable for the developer.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right. But we’ve also considered doing land trusts, you know, like if the developer doesn’t have to buy the property and the property can be put into a land trust that belongs not to the developer but to the citizens of Richmond, then the developer immediately doesn’t have to consider the price of the property. And, like you said, tax breaks. There’s a lot of instruments — fiscal instruments — that can be used to make something work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So you mentioned affordable housing and environmental justice as it relates to Chevron. Are there any other top priorities you have as you approach your new role as mayor?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fiscal responsibility. We’ve had issues with staff presenting questionable policies that the City Council has voted on. And it wasn’t until we got a RPA majority that we started asking questions. And they were pushing what are called swap trades [and] with the swap trades that we had, we ended up paying $60 million in penalty fees. So they were trying to get us to do a swap trade to pay off the swap trade with the penalty. And we basically said “no way.” You know, it’s time to change the way we borrow money. And so we no longer have swap trades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And we’ll have to worry about those penalty fees that the city’s been plagued with. But, you know, fiscal responsibility in terms of making sure that we have enough incoming money. And that’s one of the reasons why I’ve supported Measure U, which will bring the money in that we need in order to do the things that we want to do. A lot of people, in terms of public safety, keep saying we need more police. But they never ask, where is the money coming from?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You know, so the same people who want more police don’t want Measure U. So there’s a big disconnect between what you want and what the city can afford to do. Already public safety is taking over practically half of the city budget. So if we get more police, then we end up having a larger deficit and end up having to defund Parks and Rec, and defund maintenance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Yeah. I know something I’ve heard you talk about in the past is wanting to staff up the city and fill some of the vacant city worker positions. Right now many cities around the Bay are struggling with this. For example, San Francisco has a ton of open vacancies and has been struggling to provide the wages that would draw people to those jobs. How do you square the need to fill the city roles with the need to be fiscally responsible?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, we’re doing a comp study now to figure out what fair wages are for the staff, and we hope to be able to provide those wages. But I think in order to have buy-in from everyone, we need to have a conversation with the unions — and not with the unions separately, but with the unions together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think we need to bring all of the forces that make up the city together to have that conversation. I know several years ago we had a budget deficit, and [newly elected Richmond City Council member] Melvin Willis and I called for a conversation with the unions and with staff to figure out how to find the money in the budget. And we were able to do that. We were able to balance the budget, but it took a group effort to do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And I believe that we can continue working that way in order to make Richmond not only a better place to live but a happier place to live, where people aren’t trying to take a bigger bite of the budget than the city can actually afford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I think of your election as a huge change within Richmond politics, especially since Mayor Butt has held the position for the last eight years. I wonder how you see your election. You’ve said you’re the first Latino to be elected mayor of Richmond, so how do you understand that distinction and what this transition means for the city at large?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, the demographics of the city of Richmond is trending to the Latinx community, and we have about 40% Latinx. And I think my election mirrors that. I also think that most of the people who voted for me are young people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And I’ve actually had some constituents say that I may be old, but I think young. So, I hope that’s true. But I do want to think differently. I want to think positively, hopefully. And I want to be innovative. I would like the city of Richmond to become a model for other cities in terms of forming a Blue/Green New Deal where everyone is working together on the just transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think we can do it and it will depend on a lot of creativity, a lot of thinking outside the box. But I think the people of Richmond have that. We just need to find a catalyst to bring it all together and watch it grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is there anything you’d like to say about your new position and what you see as the future of Richmond before we sign off?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yeah, you know, I think we need to start seeing each other as one community. [Former Richmond City Council member and current AC Transit Director, Ward 1] Jovanka Beckles always said that about Richmond, but it didn’t seem that most people agreed with that. It’s changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You know, I think that we will have one Richmond and that it’s the young people who are going to bring it about. I feel very, very hopeful. And I think my style is relaxed, is calm, is thoughtful, and I think that it will project onto the City Council, and our City Council’s meetings hopefully will be much more productive and much more amicable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Emily Ross and her partner moved to Richmond together a decade ago. She was working in Napa, her partner was working in San Francisco and they couldn’t find an affordable place to live in either city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We looked all over the Bay and we wound up getting offered a place in Richmond,” Ross said. “We’d been looking for so long and it was the perfect halfway point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ross, 36, fell in love with Richmond as she got involved with local activism centered around racial justice and tenants rights. She worked for an education nonprofit in West Contra Costa County and Oakland schools, but when the pandemic hit, her position was eliminated. Her income dropped as she became an independent contractor, managing political campaigns. Then she and her partner split up, and she had to get her own place. Money got even tighter.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"forum_2010101889929,education_535942,forum_2010101890989\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rent is my No. 1 concern when I think about my personal finances. Every time I need a car repair or some unexpected expense comes up, it’s a stressor, you know,” she said. “It’s one of those weird things where I recognize how close I am to the brink of economic disaster.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August, she received an email from her landlord saying that her rent would increase by 5% to $1472 a month. Ross lives in a rent-controlled apartment, but under Richmond’s existing \u003ca href=\"https://www.ci.richmond.ca.us/DocumentCenter/View/41144/Richmond-Fair-Rent-Just-Cause-for-Eviction-and-Homeowner-Protection-Ordinance\">rent stabilization ordinance (PDF)\u003c/a>, landlords can increase their rents along with the Consumer Price Index, or roughly the rate of inflation. But in years like this one, when \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/cea/written-materials/2021/07/06/historical-parallels-to-todays-inflationary-episode/\">inflation is soaring to historic levels\u003c/a>, some rents are, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On this year’s ballot, Richmond voters will get a chance to change that. \u003ca href=\"https://www.ci.richmond.ca.us/DocumentCenter/View/62288/MEASURE-P---RENT-CONTROL---NOVEMBER-2022-ELECTION?bidId=\">Measure P (PDF)\u003c/a> would limit the rent increases landlords can charge tenants to 3% a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would be scary if the measure doesn’t pass,” Ross said. “I think, within a couple years, I would either need a significantly different line of work or I would need to live in a different city and I don’t love any of those options, so I’m going to hope it passes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11930801\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/RS59686_001_KQED_EmilyRossRichmond_10272022-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11930801\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/RS59686_001_KQED_EmilyRossRichmond_10272022-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"a woman with short hair and glasses stands drinking from a mug by the sink in her apartment kitchen\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/RS59686_001_KQED_EmilyRossRichmond_10272022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/RS59686_001_KQED_EmilyRossRichmond_10272022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/RS59686_001_KQED_EmilyRossRichmond_10272022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/RS59686_001_KQED_EmilyRossRichmond_10272022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/RS59686_001_KQED_EmilyRossRichmond_10272022-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Because her rent has increased, Ross forgoes doctor’s appointments and car repairs so she doesn’t get behind on rent. She has built a community here and doesn’t want to get pushed out by the high cost of living. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Richmond’s years-old fight over rent control\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>About half of Richmond’s 118,000 residents rent their homes, according to figures from the Richmond Rent Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m all for homeownership, but some residents are going to rent their whole lives,” said City Councilmember Gayle McLaughlin, who has been fighting for tenants’ rights since joining the council. “I see myself as likely being one of those renters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon after getting elected to Richmond’s City Council in 2005, she introduced the idea of rent control, but was the only vote in favor of it. A decade later, things had changed and the council approved a renter protection measure that included a rent cap and a just-cause eviction ordinance that set rules on when landlords can evict their tenants. Despite opposition from the California Apartment Association and other property owners, Richmond voters approved the measure in 2016. Measure P promises to amend that ordinance to deal with inflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I consider Measure P a way to avoid displacement, a way to prevent homelessness, and a way to help our struggling families in Richmond stay in their homes,” said McLaughlin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James Daniels and his wife are among those who have been priced out of Richmond by rising rents. They had been living in a senior living community in Richmond since 2005 and were paying $950 for a two-bedroom apartment. By the time they left Richmond this year, their rent had risen to $1,435.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Gayle McLaughlin, Richmond City Councilmember \"]‘I consider Measure P a way to avoid displacement, a way to prevent homelessness, and a way to help our struggling families in Richmond stay in their homes.’[/pullquote]“The only people that can afford to pay rent there are people who are still working,” said Daniels. “If you’re in retirement and you’re not getting much money from Social Security, you can’t afford to pay it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They searched for another rental in Richmond, but couldn’t find anything within their price range. So Daniels and his wife joined a waitlist for an apartment in Pinole. When they were finally accepted after four years of waiting, they jumped at the opportunity. Now they pay $993 a month for their two-bedroom apartment, which is bigger than their place in Richmond was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We love [our apartment in Pinole] — it’s quiet, the people are friendly,” Daniels said. “My wife already adopted some pets, and a lot of birds and butterflies come around here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said that some of his friends from Richmond have asked him for an application to live in his apartment complex in Pinole.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Landlords affected by inflation, too\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Mike Vasilas owns two buildings in Richmond, one with four units and another with three. His father immigrated from Greece in the early 1970s and worked as a contractor, building homes throughout Richmond. Seventeen years ago, Vasilas inherited the business from his father and also works as a general contractor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really hands-on, especially for the small guy, small-business style,” said Vasilas. “If someone calls you in the middle of the night, [saying] the water heater blew up, you’re the one going down there and taking care of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many small landlords, Vasilas, 40, tries to do most of the upkeep for his buildings himself, but the cost of maintenance has risen. According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nahb.org/blog/2022/04/building-materials-prices-start-2022-with-8-percent-increase\">National Association of Home Builders\u003c/a>, one of the largest trade associations for contractors and developers, the price of building materials has increased by 33% since the start of the pandemic. Vasilas doesn’t have access to the same resources that large corporate landlords do and worries that more rent restrictions could put smaller landlords out of business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The market has gone through the roof for construction,” he said. “You can’t get materials, you can’t get a contractor to come out. It costs — all that has just gone through the roof.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vasilas opposes Measure P because he feels it pinches small landlords the hardest. He’s in favor of capping the rent for a couple years while inflation is high, but he believes landlords should eventually be able to charge their tenants rates that align with inflation so they can make a reasonable profit from their properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The costs [to maintain a building] are going to continue to go up, whether or not we have high [inflation],” he said. “The costs are going up but [the amount that] you’re allowed to increase the rent is basically nothing. It makes you feel hopeless.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Renter protections gain momentum across the state\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Richmond is one of many cities throughout the state to consider renter protections this year. \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/2022/06/01/oakland-rent-control-increases-3/\">Oakland passed a similar rent cap\u003c/a> earlier this year, and this November, voters there \u003ca href=\"https://www.acgov.org/rov_app/measures\">will decide whether to set stricter rules\u003c/a> on why a landlord can evict their tenants. Fairfax, \u003ca href=\"https://www.petaluma360.com/article/news/petaluma-approves-just-cause-ordinance-with-4-2-vote-amid-split-support/\">Petaluma\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/09/28/antioch-approves-rent-stabilization-with-rollback-date-new-tenant-protections/\">Antioch\u003c/a> all passed renter protection measures through their city councils. \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/news/housing-homelessness/rent-control-pasadena-measure-h-november-2022-election-pomona-bell-gardens-california-housing-landlords-tenants-ab1482\">Residents in Pasadena\u003c/a> are getting ready to vote on their own rent control measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11930813\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1172506414.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11930813\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1172506414-800x549.jpg\" alt=\"a woman in a striped shirt speaks at a rally while a person holds a sign that says 'no rent hikes'\" width=\"800\" height=\"549\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1172506414-800x549.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1172506414-1020x700.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1172506414-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1172506414.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Leah Simon-Weisberg, now legal director for tenants rights group the Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment, speaks during a rally in Oakland in 2017. \u003ccite>(Anda Chu/Bay Area News Group/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Everyone feels anxiety about housing, whether you’re wealthy or not, because your kids can’t move back to your community even if you’re upper-middle-class and your teachers don’t have housing,” said Leah Simon-Weisberg, legal director for the tenants’ rights group the Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simon-Weisberg said this movement has been gaining momentum since the Great Recession and the pandemic made things worse for most renters. Now as tenants face steep rent hikes along with inflation, they are starting to push back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the ways you push back is you have to regulate the market, and so rent control, just-cause ordinances and anti-harassment ordinances, those are all ways of basically fighting back,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "With Bay Area tenants facing astronomical rent increases, housing advocates are pushing for more protections to help struggling renters — but landlords say they're struggling, too. Here's how the fight is playing out in one East Bay city.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Emily Ross and her partner moved to Richmond together a decade ago. She was working in Napa, her partner was working in San Francisco and they couldn’t find an affordable place to live in either city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We looked all over the Bay and we wound up getting offered a place in Richmond,” Ross said. “We’d been looking for so long and it was the perfect halfway point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ross, 36, fell in love with Richmond as she got involved with local activism centered around racial justice and tenants rights. She worked for an education nonprofit in West Contra Costa County and Oakland schools, but when the pandemic hit, her position was eliminated. Her income dropped as she became an independent contractor, managing political campaigns. Then she and her partner split up, and she had to get her own place. Money got even tighter.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rent is my No. 1 concern when I think about my personal finances. Every time I need a car repair or some unexpected expense comes up, it’s a stressor, you know,” she said. “It’s one of those weird things where I recognize how close I am to the brink of economic disaster.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August, she received an email from her landlord saying that her rent would increase by 5% to $1472 a month. Ross lives in a rent-controlled apartment, but under Richmond’s existing \u003ca href=\"https://www.ci.richmond.ca.us/DocumentCenter/View/41144/Richmond-Fair-Rent-Just-Cause-for-Eviction-and-Homeowner-Protection-Ordinance\">rent stabilization ordinance (PDF)\u003c/a>, landlords can increase their rents along with the Consumer Price Index, or roughly the rate of inflation. But in years like this one, when \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/cea/written-materials/2021/07/06/historical-parallels-to-todays-inflationary-episode/\">inflation is soaring to historic levels\u003c/a>, some rents are, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On this year’s ballot, Richmond voters will get a chance to change that. \u003ca href=\"https://www.ci.richmond.ca.us/DocumentCenter/View/62288/MEASURE-P---RENT-CONTROL---NOVEMBER-2022-ELECTION?bidId=\">Measure P (PDF)\u003c/a> would limit the rent increases landlords can charge tenants to 3% a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would be scary if the measure doesn’t pass,” Ross said. “I think, within a couple years, I would either need a significantly different line of work or I would need to live in a different city and I don’t love any of those options, so I’m going to hope it passes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11930801\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/RS59686_001_KQED_EmilyRossRichmond_10272022-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11930801\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/RS59686_001_KQED_EmilyRossRichmond_10272022-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"a woman with short hair and glasses stands drinking from a mug by the sink in her apartment kitchen\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/RS59686_001_KQED_EmilyRossRichmond_10272022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/RS59686_001_KQED_EmilyRossRichmond_10272022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/RS59686_001_KQED_EmilyRossRichmond_10272022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/RS59686_001_KQED_EmilyRossRichmond_10272022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/RS59686_001_KQED_EmilyRossRichmond_10272022-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Because her rent has increased, Ross forgoes doctor’s appointments and car repairs so she doesn’t get behind on rent. She has built a community here and doesn’t want to get pushed out by the high cost of living. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Richmond’s years-old fight over rent control\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>About half of Richmond’s 118,000 residents rent their homes, according to figures from the Richmond Rent Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m all for homeownership, but some residents are going to rent their whole lives,” said City Councilmember Gayle McLaughlin, who has been fighting for tenants’ rights since joining the council. “I see myself as likely being one of those renters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon after getting elected to Richmond’s City Council in 2005, she introduced the idea of rent control, but was the only vote in favor of it. A decade later, things had changed and the council approved a renter protection measure that included a rent cap and a just-cause eviction ordinance that set rules on when landlords can evict their tenants. Despite opposition from the California Apartment Association and other property owners, Richmond voters approved the measure in 2016. Measure P promises to amend that ordinance to deal with inflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I consider Measure P a way to avoid displacement, a way to prevent homelessness, and a way to help our struggling families in Richmond stay in their homes,” said McLaughlin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James Daniels and his wife are among those who have been priced out of Richmond by rising rents. They had been living in a senior living community in Richmond since 2005 and were paying $950 for a two-bedroom apartment. By the time they left Richmond this year, their rent had risen to $1,435.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘I consider Measure P a way to avoid displacement, a way to prevent homelessness, and a way to help our struggling families in Richmond stay in their homes.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The only people that can afford to pay rent there are people who are still working,” said Daniels. “If you’re in retirement and you’re not getting much money from Social Security, you can’t afford to pay it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They searched for another rental in Richmond, but couldn’t find anything within their price range. So Daniels and his wife joined a waitlist for an apartment in Pinole. When they were finally accepted after four years of waiting, they jumped at the opportunity. Now they pay $993 a month for their two-bedroom apartment, which is bigger than their place in Richmond was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We love [our apartment in Pinole] — it’s quiet, the people are friendly,” Daniels said. “My wife already adopted some pets, and a lot of birds and butterflies come around here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said that some of his friends from Richmond have asked him for an application to live in his apartment complex in Pinole.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Landlords affected by inflation, too\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Mike Vasilas owns two buildings in Richmond, one with four units and another with three. His father immigrated from Greece in the early 1970s and worked as a contractor, building homes throughout Richmond. Seventeen years ago, Vasilas inherited the business from his father and also works as a general contractor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really hands-on, especially for the small guy, small-business style,” said Vasilas. “If someone calls you in the middle of the night, [saying] the water heater blew up, you’re the one going down there and taking care of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many small landlords, Vasilas, 40, tries to do most of the upkeep for his buildings himself, but the cost of maintenance has risen. According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nahb.org/blog/2022/04/building-materials-prices-start-2022-with-8-percent-increase\">National Association of Home Builders\u003c/a>, one of the largest trade associations for contractors and developers, the price of building materials has increased by 33% since the start of the pandemic. Vasilas doesn’t have access to the same resources that large corporate landlords do and worries that more rent restrictions could put smaller landlords out of business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The market has gone through the roof for construction,” he said. “You can’t get materials, you can’t get a contractor to come out. It costs — all that has just gone through the roof.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vasilas opposes Measure P because he feels it pinches small landlords the hardest. He’s in favor of capping the rent for a couple years while inflation is high, but he believes landlords should eventually be able to charge their tenants rates that align with inflation so they can make a reasonable profit from their properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The costs [to maintain a building] are going to continue to go up, whether or not we have high [inflation],” he said. “The costs are going up but [the amount that] you’re allowed to increase the rent is basically nothing. It makes you feel hopeless.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Renter protections gain momentum across the state\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Richmond is one of many cities throughout the state to consider renter protections this year. \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/2022/06/01/oakland-rent-control-increases-3/\">Oakland passed a similar rent cap\u003c/a> earlier this year, and this November, voters there \u003ca href=\"https://www.acgov.org/rov_app/measures\">will decide whether to set stricter rules\u003c/a> on why a landlord can evict their tenants. Fairfax, \u003ca href=\"https://www.petaluma360.com/article/news/petaluma-approves-just-cause-ordinance-with-4-2-vote-amid-split-support/\">Petaluma\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/09/28/antioch-approves-rent-stabilization-with-rollback-date-new-tenant-protections/\">Antioch\u003c/a> all passed renter protection measures through their city councils. \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/news/housing-homelessness/rent-control-pasadena-measure-h-november-2022-election-pomona-bell-gardens-california-housing-landlords-tenants-ab1482\">Residents in Pasadena\u003c/a> are getting ready to vote on their own rent control measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11930813\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1172506414.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11930813\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1172506414-800x549.jpg\" alt=\"a woman in a striped shirt speaks at a rally while a person holds a sign that says 'no rent hikes'\" width=\"800\" height=\"549\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1172506414-800x549.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1172506414-1020x700.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1172506414-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/GettyImages-1172506414.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Leah Simon-Weisberg, now legal director for tenants rights group the Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment, speaks during a rally in Oakland in 2017. \u003ccite>(Anda Chu/Bay Area News Group/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Everyone feels anxiety about housing, whether you’re wealthy or not, because your kids can’t move back to your community even if you’re upper-middle-class and your teachers don’t have housing,” said Leah Simon-Weisberg, legal director for the tenants’ rights group the Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simon-Weisberg said this movement has been gaining momentum since the Great Recession and the pandemic made things worse for most renters. Now as tenants face steep rent hikes along with inflation, they are starting to push back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the ways you push back is you have to regulate the market, and so rent control, just-cause ordinances and anti-harassment ordinances, those are all ways of basically fighting back,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s been clear to Richmond High School junior Angelee Montances that when it comes to arts and music education, all things are not created equal in Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Communities like mine, Richmond High, where it’s predominantly brown kids, we don’t get the same opportunity as in like Hercules, which is, you know, predominantly Asian kids and white kids,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montances is a senior who plays viola in the Richmond High orchestra. The East Bay public high school, along with Kennedy High, is located in the West Contra Costa Unified School District, and is made up of 1,511 students, of whom 85.4% are Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And, you know, it also sucks because I feel like parents, students and teachers have tried here in Richmond High and Kennedy High to get the funding that they have (at Hercules High),” Montances said. “But we don’t have the money, you know.”[aside postID=news_11927353 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/artsed_prop28-1020x626.jpg']Many Richmond High families, including that of Montances, consider themselves working class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really something you think about and not many people say, but it’s also a race thing. It’s a socioeconomic class thing, and it’s just an issue,” said Montances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California education law calls for all public schools to offer comprehensive arts education, but in reality, very few of them do. This November, voters will decide whether or not to guarantee arts funding in public schools, including charters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/voterguide/proposition-28-arts-education\">Proposition 28\u003c/a> would roughly double the amount of funding California gives schools for arts and music education, and it would send 30% of that money to schools serving students from lower-income families. Voters would also be locking in that funding stream for the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure would \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/21-0036A1%20%28Music%20and%20Art%20Education%29.pdf\">require public schools to spend 80%\u003c/a> of the money on hiring full-time arts and music teachers, which could double the number of arts and music teachers across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, voters in Berkeley, a wealthier part of the Bay Area, raised taxes to boost music education by \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/Berkeley_Unified_School_District,_California,_Parcel_Tax,_Measure_E1_(November_2016)\">passing a parcel tax\u003c/a> that raises $2 million annually to pay for music education for all public school kids starting in third grade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But just 11 miles north, in Richmond, many public elementary school principals have to plead with local community arts organizations to partner with them. Coming out of the pandemic, that cry became even louder, according to Andrea Landin, director of school and neighborhood partnerships at the East Bay Center for the Performing Arts.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Andrea Landin, director of school and neighborhood partnerships, East Bay Center for the Performing Arts\"]‘Sometimes kids can’t really name exactly what’s going on emotionally or mentally, but once they start to move or sing or play an instrument or get on stage and pretend to be someone else, then there’s so much healing that goes on, so much realization and growth.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had so many principals call me or email me saying that, ‘My students have been sitting in front of a screen for a year and a half. They need to sing, they need to move, they need to express themselves,’” Landin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eastbaycenter.org/school-and-neighborhood-partnerships\">East Bay Center for the Performing Arts\u003c/a> pays artists who don’t have a teaching credential about $45 an hour to help teach art and music in as many WCCUSD public schools requesting help as they can. However, the center has a hard time competing with tuition-based arts organizations in other parts of the Bay Area, which can pay those same artists between $80 and $100 an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Landin said there is never enough money or artists to meet the demand, which means lots of kids in the Richmond area are missing out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11929018\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11929018\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59095_Richmond_Orchestra_008-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A white music teacher in his 30s teaches a small orchestra of kids playing various instruments in a high school music classroom.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1282\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59095_Richmond_Orchestra_008-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59095_Richmond_Orchestra_008-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59095_Richmond_Orchestra_008-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59095_Richmond_Orchestra_008-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59095_Richmond_Orchestra_008-qut-1536x1026.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Music director Andrew Wilke conducts orchestra class at Richmond High School in Richmond on Wednesday, Oct. 5, 2022. Richmond High School’s arts programming would benefit from Prop. 28, a measure that would roughly double the amount of funding that California gives schools for arts and music education. ‘We could use it, desperately,’ said Wilke. ‘To not have to worry about finances on top of teaching seven classes would make my job more manageable, which would make me a better teacher and the kids happier.’ \u003ccite>(Marlena Sloss/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes kids can’t really name exactly what’s going on emotionally or mentally, but once they start to move or sing or play an instrument or get on stage and pretend to be someone else, then there’s so much healing that goes on, so much realization and growth,” Landin explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If approved by voters, Proposition 28 would roughly double funding for the arts in schools. The Legislative Analyst’s Office estimates it would raise between $800 million and $1 billion annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By some estimates, that would translate to about $166 per student across the state. A school like Richmond High would have about $250,000 more a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That would change everything,” said Andrew Wilke, director of the Richmond High Music Department. Wilke teaches seven periods, runs the marching band and the orchestra, and oversees all the instruments, scheduling and transportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m at rock-bottom emotionally,” Wilke said. “Not only am I trying to hold all these classes together, I’m trying to find money, I’m trying to support the kids, which is the actual real job we all have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, Richmond High’s music programs can only serve 140 students. Wilke said more money would mean hiring another music teacher, and the opportunities the school could create for students wouldn’t be limited by how much time he can commit to it. Wilke noted that, with guaranteed funding, there wouldn’t be a struggle for supplies, or a limit to performances the orchestra and marching band could do for lack of transportation funds. And Richmond High could hire specialized instrument coaches for students like Montances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the approximately $1 billion raised by Proposition 28 each school year, 30% would go to schools serving economically disadvantaged students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Teachers Association \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_28,_Art_and_Music_K-12_Education_Funding_Initiative_(2022)\">has helped get the measure passed by contributing $1 million\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Landin thinks filling these credentialed art and music teaching positions could be a challenge for schools. “I was like, ‘This is beautiful. Where are they going to find all the teachers?,’” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Landin says during COVID, many \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/29/arts/design/san-francisco-art-market.html\">artists left the Bay Area\u003c/a> for less expensive places. And spoken-word artist and poet \u003ca href=\"http://www.jazzhudson.com/about/\">Jazz Monique Hudson\u003c/a>, who has taught on contract in Oakland schools, has seen arts programs scaled back or eliminated when schools make budget cuts. Hudson had to get full-time employment with the district attorney’s office as a victim advocate to be able to support her family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Youth Speaks is very prominent in San Francisco,” Hudson explained, referring to the leading nonprofit presenter of youth poetry slams, spoken-word performance and youth-development programs. “However, they have not been able to maintain and sustain their partnerships with Oakland schools due to funding. I was set to teach at Elmhurst Middle School this semester but could not teach in the art program because there wasn’t enough funding for the spoken-word program.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If voters approved Proposition 28, it would lock in funding for the arts, making them less susceptible to budget cuts in tough times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That, in fact, is one reason some critics have come out against the measure: They object to so-called “ballot box budgeting” because it locks in funding that can’t be undone, for example, when a recession hits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marguerite Roza, who studies education finance at Georgetown University, points out that California schools have more money now than they’ve had in years. The current state budget, which passed in June, increased school spending by 13% over last year. Some of that funding could theoretically go to arts education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11929033\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11929033\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59091_Richmond_Orchestra_005-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Students in the school orchestra sit facing their teacher, a black girl on violin, a Latina girl on viola, and a Latino boy on violin.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59091_Richmond_Orchestra_005-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59091_Richmond_Orchestra_005-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59091_Richmond_Orchestra_005-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59091_Richmond_Orchestra_005-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59091_Richmond_Orchestra_005-qut-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Angelee Montances, a 12th grader at Richmond High School in Richmond, plays the viola during orchestra class on Wednesday, Oct. 5, 2022. \u003ccite>(Marlena Sloss/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Roza says, if passed, Proposition 28 would require the state and schools to come up with new ways of tracking personnel — since school districts will have to specifically show how they spent their new arts funds — which can be complicated and take time to implement. Furthermore, she adds, the creation of a separate “categorical” would add extra rules to different pots of funds, which could mean that districts end up spending more time on compliance than on trying to deliver what their students need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This push for separate arts ed money would be a move back to the old model, where legislators dictate how districts carve up their budgets,” Roza said, referring to the period before the implementation of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/fg/aa/lc/\">Local Control Funding Formula\u003c/a> in 2016, which fundamentally changed how all local education agencies (LEAs) in the state are funded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Peres Elementary School in Richmond, Principal Christy Chen says she currently has to constantly hustle community partnerships to bring art into the schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This fall, thanks to East Bay Center for the Performing Arts, her fourth graders are learning about African rhythms. But Chen says right now her kids only get a half hour of art or music a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That would be a dream to get a music teacher, because at the end of the day it gets the kids excited,” Chen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Richmond High, music leader Andrew Wilke says he doesn’t need much. Even another $20,000 would help his kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I tell the kids, the arts and music — these are languages. It’s not a tactile language like English, where we can say ‘desk,’ ‘floor,’ ‘sky.’ It’s an emotional language where we can express ourselves. I think folks who haven’t had an opportunity to really dive into that don’t fully understand it, which makes it difficult to get the importance across,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was made possible as part of The California Newsroom – a collaboration of California’s public radio stations, NPR and CalMatters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s been clear to Richmond High School junior Angelee Montances that when it comes to arts and music education, all things are not created equal in Richmond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Communities like mine, Richmond High, where it’s predominantly brown kids, we don’t get the same opportunity as in like Hercules, which is, you know, predominantly Asian kids and white kids,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montances is a senior who plays viola in the Richmond High orchestra. The East Bay public high school, along with Kennedy High, is located in the West Contra Costa Unified School District, and is made up of 1,511 students, of whom 85.4% are Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And, you know, it also sucks because I feel like parents, students and teachers have tried here in Richmond High and Kennedy High to get the funding that they have (at Hercules High),” Montances said. “But we don’t have the money, you know.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Many Richmond High families, including that of Montances, consider themselves working class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really something you think about and not many people say, but it’s also a race thing. It’s a socioeconomic class thing, and it’s just an issue,” said Montances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California education law calls for all public schools to offer comprehensive arts education, but in reality, very few of them do. This November, voters will decide whether or not to guarantee arts funding in public schools, including charters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/voterguide/proposition-28-arts-education\">Proposition 28\u003c/a> would roughly double the amount of funding California gives schools for arts and music education, and it would send 30% of that money to schools serving students from lower-income families. Voters would also be locking in that funding stream for the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure would \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/21-0036A1%20%28Music%20and%20Art%20Education%29.pdf\">require public schools to spend 80%\u003c/a> of the money on hiring full-time arts and music teachers, which could double the number of arts and music teachers across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, voters in Berkeley, a wealthier part of the Bay Area, raised taxes to boost music education by \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/Berkeley_Unified_School_District,_California,_Parcel_Tax,_Measure_E1_(November_2016)\">passing a parcel tax\u003c/a> that raises $2 million annually to pay for music education for all public school kids starting in third grade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But just 11 miles north, in Richmond, many public elementary school principals have to plead with local community arts organizations to partner with them. Coming out of the pandemic, that cry became even louder, according to Andrea Landin, director of school and neighborhood partnerships at the East Bay Center for the Performing Arts.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had so many principals call me or email me saying that, ‘My students have been sitting in front of a screen for a year and a half. They need to sing, they need to move, they need to express themselves,’” Landin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eastbaycenter.org/school-and-neighborhood-partnerships\">East Bay Center for the Performing Arts\u003c/a> pays artists who don’t have a teaching credential about $45 an hour to help teach art and music in as many WCCUSD public schools requesting help as they can. However, the center has a hard time competing with tuition-based arts organizations in other parts of the Bay Area, which can pay those same artists between $80 and $100 an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Landin said there is never enough money or artists to meet the demand, which means lots of kids in the Richmond area are missing out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11929018\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11929018\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59095_Richmond_Orchestra_008-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A white music teacher in his 30s teaches a small orchestra of kids playing various instruments in a high school music classroom.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1282\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59095_Richmond_Orchestra_008-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59095_Richmond_Orchestra_008-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59095_Richmond_Orchestra_008-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59095_Richmond_Orchestra_008-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59095_Richmond_Orchestra_008-qut-1536x1026.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Music director Andrew Wilke conducts orchestra class at Richmond High School in Richmond on Wednesday, Oct. 5, 2022. Richmond High School’s arts programming would benefit from Prop. 28, a measure that would roughly double the amount of funding that California gives schools for arts and music education. ‘We could use it, desperately,’ said Wilke. ‘To not have to worry about finances on top of teaching seven classes would make my job more manageable, which would make me a better teacher and the kids happier.’ \u003ccite>(Marlena Sloss/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes kids can’t really name exactly what’s going on emotionally or mentally, but once they start to move or sing or play an instrument or get on stage and pretend to be someone else, then there’s so much healing that goes on, so much realization and growth,” Landin explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If approved by voters, Proposition 28 would roughly double funding for the arts in schools. The Legislative Analyst’s Office estimates it would raise between $800 million and $1 billion annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By some estimates, that would translate to about $166 per student across the state. A school like Richmond High would have about $250,000 more a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That would change everything,” said Andrew Wilke, director of the Richmond High Music Department. Wilke teaches seven periods, runs the marching band and the orchestra, and oversees all the instruments, scheduling and transportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m at rock-bottom emotionally,” Wilke said. “Not only am I trying to hold all these classes together, I’m trying to find money, I’m trying to support the kids, which is the actual real job we all have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, Richmond High’s music programs can only serve 140 students. Wilke said more money would mean hiring another music teacher, and the opportunities the school could create for students wouldn’t be limited by how much time he can commit to it. Wilke noted that, with guaranteed funding, there wouldn’t be a struggle for supplies, or a limit to performances the orchestra and marching band could do for lack of transportation funds. And Richmond High could hire specialized instrument coaches for students like Montances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the approximately $1 billion raised by Proposition 28 each school year, 30% would go to schools serving economically disadvantaged students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Teachers Association \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_28,_Art_and_Music_K-12_Education_Funding_Initiative_(2022)\">has helped get the measure passed by contributing $1 million\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Landin thinks filling these credentialed art and music teaching positions could be a challenge for schools. “I was like, ‘This is beautiful. Where are they going to find all the teachers?,’” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Landin says during COVID, many \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/29/arts/design/san-francisco-art-market.html\">artists left the Bay Area\u003c/a> for less expensive places. And spoken-word artist and poet \u003ca href=\"http://www.jazzhudson.com/about/\">Jazz Monique Hudson\u003c/a>, who has taught on contract in Oakland schools, has seen arts programs scaled back or eliminated when schools make budget cuts. Hudson had to get full-time employment with the district attorney’s office as a victim advocate to be able to support her family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Youth Speaks is very prominent in San Francisco,” Hudson explained, referring to the leading nonprofit presenter of youth poetry slams, spoken-word performance and youth-development programs. “However, they have not been able to maintain and sustain their partnerships with Oakland schools due to funding. I was set to teach at Elmhurst Middle School this semester but could not teach in the art program because there wasn’t enough funding for the spoken-word program.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If voters approved Proposition 28, it would lock in funding for the arts, making them less susceptible to budget cuts in tough times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That, in fact, is one reason some critics have come out against the measure: They object to so-called “ballot box budgeting” because it locks in funding that can’t be undone, for example, when a recession hits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marguerite Roza, who studies education finance at Georgetown University, points out that California schools have more money now than they’ve had in years. The current state budget, which passed in June, increased school spending by 13% over last year. Some of that funding could theoretically go to arts education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11929033\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11929033\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59091_Richmond_Orchestra_005-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Students in the school orchestra sit facing their teacher, a black girl on violin, a Latina girl on viola, and a Latino boy on violin.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59091_Richmond_Orchestra_005-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59091_Richmond_Orchestra_005-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59091_Richmond_Orchestra_005-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59091_Richmond_Orchestra_005-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59091_Richmond_Orchestra_005-qut-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Angelee Montances, a 12th grader at Richmond High School in Richmond, plays the viola during orchestra class on Wednesday, Oct. 5, 2022. \u003ccite>(Marlena Sloss/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Roza says, if passed, Proposition 28 would require the state and schools to come up with new ways of tracking personnel — since school districts will have to specifically show how they spent their new arts funds — which can be complicated and take time to implement. Furthermore, she adds, the creation of a separate “categorical” would add extra rules to different pots of funds, which could mean that districts end up spending more time on compliance than on trying to deliver what their students need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This push for separate arts ed money would be a move back to the old model, where legislators dictate how districts carve up their budgets,” Roza said, referring to the period before the implementation of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/fg/aa/lc/\">Local Control Funding Formula\u003c/a> in 2016, which fundamentally changed how all local education agencies (LEAs) in the state are funded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Peres Elementary School in Richmond, Principal Christy Chen says she currently has to constantly hustle community partnerships to bring art into the schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This fall, thanks to East Bay Center for the Performing Arts, her fourth graders are learning about African rhythms. But Chen says right now her kids only get a half hour of art or music a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That would be a dream to get a music teacher, because at the end of the day it gets the kids excited,” Chen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Richmond High, music leader Andrew Wilke says he doesn’t need much. Even another $20,000 would help his kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I tell the kids, the arts and music — these are languages. It’s not a tactile language like English, where we can say ‘desk,’ ‘floor,’ ‘sky.’ It’s an emotional language where we can express ourselves. I think folks who haven’t had an opportunity to really dive into that don’t fully understand it, which makes it difficult to get the importance across,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was made possible as part of The California Newsroom – a collaboration of California’s public radio stations, NPR and CalMatters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Sea Level Rise and Environmental Justice\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the coming decades, rising sea levels will cause portions of the San Francisco Bay to flood. One worst-case scenario predicts that the bay could rise by 10 feet by the end of this century. Not only will that flood homes, but new research is focusing on the industrial sites that will be affected — from hazardous waste treatment facilities to landfills and refineries. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ezra David Romero, KQED climate reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Arieann Harrison, Marie Harrison Community Foundation founder and CEO\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Eduardo Martinez, Richmond Vice Mayor (D)\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Bay Area Monkeypox Infections\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Last week, the World Health Organization declared monkeypox a global emergency, and on Thursday, the city of San Francisco declared a state of emergency. The virus, which can cause a rash and lesions, has been endemic in Africa for decades, but it’s now spreading in Europe, Canada and the U.S. In California, health officials have recorded roughly 650 cases, with more than 300 in the Bay Area. We talk to KQED’s Senior Engagement Editor Carly Severn\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">about what you need to know about the virus and how it spreads.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: AIDS Interfaith Memorial Chapel\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Keith Haring and Grace Cathedral may not be an obvious association, but the chapel perched atop Nob Hill has brought the two together in a powerful tribute to those who have died of AIDS. Below the soaring arched ceilings of the cathedral, an intimate chapel in the North Tower hosts Haring’s final major artwork, a book of remembrance and a panel from the AIDS quilt. As this week’s Something Beautiful, the AIDS Interfaith Memorial chapel is an enduring reminder of the fragile yet beautiful world we live in.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Sea Level Rise and Environmental Justice\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the coming decades, rising sea levels will cause portions of the San Francisco Bay to flood. One worst-case scenario predicts that the bay could rise by 10 feet by the end of this century. Not only will that flood homes, but new research is focusing on the industrial sites that will be affected — from hazardous waste treatment facilities to landfills and refineries. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ezra David Romero, KQED climate reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Arieann Harrison, Marie Harrison Community Foundation founder and CEO\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Eduardo Martinez, Richmond Vice Mayor (D)\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Bay Area Monkeypox Infections\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Last week, the World Health Organization declared monkeypox a global emergency, and on Thursday, the city of San Francisco declared a state of emergency. The virus, which can cause a rash and lesions, has been endemic in Africa for decades, but it’s now spreading in Europe, Canada and the U.S. In California, health officials have recorded roughly 650 cases, with more than 300 in the Bay Area. We talk to KQED’s Senior Engagement Editor Carly Severn\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">about what you need to know about the virus and how it spreads.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: AIDS Interfaith Memorial Chapel\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Keith Haring and Grace Cathedral may not be an obvious association, but the chapel perched atop Nob Hill has brought the two together in a powerful tribute to those who have died of AIDS. Below the soaring arched ceilings of the cathedral, an intimate chapel in the North Tower hosts Haring’s final major artwork, a book of remembrance and a panel from the AIDS quilt. As this week’s Something Beautiful, the AIDS Interfaith Memorial chapel is an enduring reminder of the fragile yet beautiful world we live in.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "chevron-richmond-refinery-workers-ok-deal-to-end-first-strike-in-over-40-years",
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"content": "\u003cp>Hundreds of unionized workers who’ve been striking against Chevron’s Richmond refinery for more than two months have voted to ratify a contract with the energy giant, ending a bitter labor dispute at one of the West Coast’s major oil-refining facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Results out Saturday afternoon show the new four-year contract was approved by a slim majority of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.usw5.org/\">United Steelworkers Local 5\u003c/a> members who work at the plant, according to B.K. White, vice president of the union chapter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m proud of the women and men who held the line for over two months. They showed unbelievable solidarity and resolve as they exercised their right to strike in an attempt to improve their and their co-workers’ lives,” White said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron representatives say the striking employees will return to work in the coming weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>USW Local 5 and Chevron have yet to release details of the contract, but it looks like union members may not have gained much from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11908916/a-strike-at-chevrons-richmond-refinery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">walkout\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the strike, Chevron offered to give the Richmond workers a $2,500 bonus on top of what was agreed to between the national union and a group of oil companies in February, in what’s known as a “\u003ca href=\"https://m.usw.org/news/media-center/releases/2022/usw-reaches-tentative-agreement-with-marathon-to-set-four-year-pattern-for-oil-sector-bargaining\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pattern\u003c/a>.” The contract the local workers approved Saturday included a $1,500 bonus, according to White.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Richmond City Councilmember Claudia Jimenez\"]‘It should not have taken workers striking to get the benefits they were asking for. Chevron fought the workers every step of the way.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the two-months-long strike began to wear on his members, who’d missed out on several paychecks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On March 19 the local union chapter announced their 500 members would walk off the job after the two sides could not agree on a variety of sticking points that included worker safety improvements, pay and benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following evening Chevron escorted the USW Local 5 workers from the facility. Hours after that, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11908722/they-own-the-oil-but-the-people-are-ours-workers-strike-at-chevrons-richmond-refinery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the pickets went up\u003c/a>. Community members, activists and some members of the Richmond City Council, who’ve long criticized the refinery over its environmental record, joined the striking workers on the picket lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903874\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11903874\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53159_013_Richmond_ChevronRefinery_01132022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Steam rises from Chevron's oil refinery in Richmond, California.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53159_013_Richmond_ChevronRefinery_01132022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53159_013_Richmond_ChevronRefinery_01132022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53159_013_Richmond_ChevronRefinery_01132022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53159_013_Richmond_ChevronRefinery_01132022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53159_013_Richmond_ChevronRefinery_01132022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chevron’s Richmond refinery viewed from Point Richmond in January 2022. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Since then, refinery managers and contract workers have been running the plant themselves. The two sides talked at the negotiating table only a few times during the strike, trading and rejecting several offers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Thursday afternoon they reached a tentative contract that’s now been ratified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richmond City Councilmember Claudia Jimenez said it shouldn’t have taken so long, or been such a hard fight, to reach a deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am glad that the workers got a contract,” Jimenez said. “However, it should not have taken workers striking to get the benefits they were asking for. Chevron fought the workers every step of the way.”[aside postID=\"news_11908852,news_11908916,news_11908722\" label=\"Related Posts\"]Chevron’s decision to have managers and non-USW Local 5 workers operate the refinery led to concerns among activists and some elected officials that having inexperienced employees run the facility would lead to an accident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the strike began, there have been nine flaring operations at the refinery, according to the Contra Costa County Hazardous Materials Programs. That typically happens when there’s a malfunction at the facility, and the facility needs to send gases to its flares to relieve pressure, a process the industry and regulators say is needed for safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flaring operations often involve flames and smoke coming from the refinery’s stacks, and releases of toxic chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m glad the United Steelworkers have reached an agreement with Chevron to bring back experienced workers and improve safety at the refinery,” said Contra Costa Supervisor John Gioia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11912101/chevron-calls-to-police-during-strike-prompt-pushback-strain-on-resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">called police to respond to picketers\u003c/a> dozens of times during the strike. The company also arranged financial agreements with the Richmond and San Pablo police departments in response to the strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late April, \u003ca href=\"https://www.chevron.com/-/media/chevron/stories/documents/1Q22-earnings-press-release.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Chevron announced a profit of $6.3 billion\u003c/a> for the first three months of this year, more than quadruple its earnings for the same period a year ago.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The more than two-months-long strike at Richmond's Chevron refinery saw managers and non-USW Local 5 workers operate the refinery, leading to concerns among activists and some elected officials.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Hundreds of unionized workers who’ve been striking against Chevron’s Richmond refinery for more than two months have voted to ratify a contract with the energy giant, ending a bitter labor dispute at one of the West Coast’s major oil-refining facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Results out Saturday afternoon show the new four-year contract was approved by a slim majority of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.usw5.org/\">United Steelworkers Local 5\u003c/a> members who work at the plant, according to B.K. White, vice president of the union chapter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m proud of the women and men who held the line for over two months. They showed unbelievable solidarity and resolve as they exercised their right to strike in an attempt to improve their and their co-workers’ lives,” White said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron representatives say the striking employees will return to work in the coming weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>USW Local 5 and Chevron have yet to release details of the contract, but it looks like union members may not have gained much from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11908916/a-strike-at-chevrons-richmond-refinery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">walkout\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the strike, Chevron offered to give the Richmond workers a $2,500 bonus on top of what was agreed to between the national union and a group of oil companies in February, in what’s known as a “\u003ca href=\"https://m.usw.org/news/media-center/releases/2022/usw-reaches-tentative-agreement-with-marathon-to-set-four-year-pattern-for-oil-sector-bargaining\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pattern\u003c/a>.” The contract the local workers approved Saturday included a $1,500 bonus, according to White.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the two-months-long strike began to wear on his members, who’d missed out on several paychecks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On March 19 the local union chapter announced their 500 members would walk off the job after the two sides could not agree on a variety of sticking points that included worker safety improvements, pay and benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following evening Chevron escorted the USW Local 5 workers from the facility. Hours after that, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11908722/they-own-the-oil-but-the-people-are-ours-workers-strike-at-chevrons-richmond-refinery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the pickets went up\u003c/a>. Community members, activists and some members of the Richmond City Council, who’ve long criticized the refinery over its environmental record, joined the striking workers on the picket lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11903874\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11903874\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53159_013_Richmond_ChevronRefinery_01132022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Steam rises from Chevron's oil refinery in Richmond, California.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53159_013_Richmond_ChevronRefinery_01132022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53159_013_Richmond_ChevronRefinery_01132022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53159_013_Richmond_ChevronRefinery_01132022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53159_013_Richmond_ChevronRefinery_01132022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/RS53159_013_Richmond_ChevronRefinery_01132022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chevron’s Richmond refinery viewed from Point Richmond in January 2022. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Since then, refinery managers and contract workers have been running the plant themselves. The two sides talked at the negotiating table only a few times during the strike, trading and rejecting several offers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on Thursday afternoon they reached a tentative contract that’s now been ratified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richmond City Councilmember Claudia Jimenez said it shouldn’t have taken so long, or been such a hard fight, to reach a deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am glad that the workers got a contract,” Jimenez said. “However, it should not have taken workers striking to get the benefits they were asking for. Chevron fought the workers every step of the way.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Chevron’s decision to have managers and non-USW Local 5 workers operate the refinery led to concerns among activists and some elected officials that having inexperienced employees run the facility would lead to an accident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the strike began, there have been nine flaring operations at the refinery, according to the Contra Costa County Hazardous Materials Programs. That typically happens when there’s a malfunction at the facility, and the facility needs to send gases to its flares to relieve pressure, a process the industry and regulators say is needed for safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flaring operations often involve flames and smoke coming from the refinery’s stacks, and releases of toxic chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m glad the United Steelworkers have reached an agreement with Chevron to bring back experienced workers and improve safety at the refinery,” said Contra Costa Supervisor John Gioia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11912101/chevron-calls-to-police-during-strike-prompt-pushback-strain-on-resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">called police to respond to picketers\u003c/a> dozens of times during the strike. The company also arranged financial agreements with the Richmond and San Pablo police departments in response to the strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late April, \u003ca href=\"https://www.chevron.com/-/media/chevron/stories/documents/1Q22-earnings-press-release.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Chevron announced a profit of $6.3 billion\u003c/a> for the first three months of this year, more than quadruple its earnings for the same period a year ago.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>This spring, the nation’s oldest park ranger, Betty Reid Soskin, hung up her hat and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11910061/betty-reid-soskin-americas-oldest-park-ranger-retires-at-100\">retired, at the age of 100. \u003c/a>For years, she led tours of the Rosie the Riveter World War II Home Front National Historical Park in Richmond. She played a major role in helping to establish the park and museum, which honors the women who worked in shipyards during wartime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’ve probably heard of Betty Reid Soskin. But what you may not know is that she’s also an activist, author, singer/songwriter, and a poet. Soskin’s life has so many chapters. The documentary duo \u003ca href=\"https://kitchensisters.org/\">The Kitchen Sisters\u003c/a> bring us this tribute to Betty – a kind of mixtape of stories that drop in on her life of 100 years, gathered and preserved by producers and archivists over the years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>Officials at Chevron’s Richmond refinery have called police dozens of times in recent weeks to respond to the facility during a strike that’s now entering its seventh week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The calls come on the heels of financial arrangements worth tens of thousands of dollars that the oil giant made with the Richmond and San Pablo police departments in response to the labor dispute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the weeks before the walkout, a group of Richmond police officers were put on standby in case they were needed at the refinery. During the first week of April, Chevron paid the San Pablo Police Department to put officers at the facility’s gates. Chevron agreed to pay overtime to both departments to make officers available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The union behind the strike calls the police contracts and the company’s repeated calls to Richmond police an attempt to intimidate strikers. A top Richmond police official says the work has strained the understaffed department. And a member of the Richmond City Council says the police presence is a problematic use of public law enforcement resources at a time when staffing is strained.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Fred Glass, instructor in labor and community studies, City College of San Francisco\"]‘Most strikes are quite law-abiding, so the use of private security or off-duty police — or for that matter on-duty police — is usually more meant to intimidate than actually protect anything.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Why are we deploying our police officers to support a corporation like Chevron?” said Richmond City Councilmember Claudia Jimenez, a critic of the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.chevron.com/-/media/chevron/stories/documents/1Q22-earnings-press-release.pdf\">Chevron announced a profit of $6.3 billion\u003c/a> for the first three months of this year, more than quadruple its earnings for the same period a year ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The police presence at the Richmond refinery is one element of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11908916/a-strike-at-chevrons-richmond-refinery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">labor conflict\u003c/a> that sees no signs of ending. Chevron and leaders of United Steelworkers Local 5 have met several times since \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11908722/they-own-the-oil-but-the-people-are-ours-workers-strike-at-chevrons-richmond-refinery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the walkout began March 21\u003c/a>. Neither the company nor the union has indicated that a resolution on the sticking points, which include worker safety as well as pay and benefits, is close.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Chevron understands the optics’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Four days after the strike began, the refinery’s security director asked four law enforcement agencies whether they could station officers outside the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was asked to reach out to you and any other police agencies to see if there is any interest in providing, on Chevron paid overtime, uniformed officers to assist in keeping traffic flowing around the refinery,” wrote Chevron Security Director Daryl Jackson in a March 25 email to the California Highway Patrol and Richmond, San Pablo and El Cerrito police departments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The email, obtained by KQED through California Public Records Act requests, describes the job as a “24/7 operation.” Two officers would be deployed during the day and two at night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Chevron understands the optics, but I’ve seen some very dangerous vehicle opportunities and those optics have the opportunity to look bad as well,” Jackson wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several hours later, San Pablo Police Chief Ron Raman wrote back, asking whether any of the other law enforcement agencies expressed interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Crickets. Nothing. Nada,” Jackson replied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Wow. Our rate would be close to $200 an offer [sic] per hour. I can try to fill but it’s kind of last minute,” Raman wrote. Five days later Chevron and San Pablo police officials began trading emails in order to create a contract, marking the first time that police department ever agreed to such a deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Due to the imminent and ongoing public safety concerns of the events of the refinery, the police department agreed to provide support in the interest of the West Contra Costa County community,” Raman told KQED in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Richmond officers deploy to refinery amid staffing shortages\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A top Richmond police officer replied to Chevron’s security manager on March 28 in a message that laid bare how strained that department has become.[aside postID=\"news_11908852,news_11908916,news_11908722\" label=\"Related Posts\"]“We can post an overtime sign-up to see if we garner any interest. However, our patrol officers are currently being forced over on multiple 16-18 hours shifts each week, on forced overtime (minimum staffing),” wrote Capt. Timothy Simmons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simmons told Chevron the department had already posted overtime opportunities for officers on several other projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of these assignments routinely go unfilled because officers are tapped out. We will do our best,” wrote Simmons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with KQED on Friday, Simmons said that before that exchange, Chevron had arranged for Richmond police officers to be ready in case there was trouble outside the refinery in the weeks leading up to the walkout. Those officers were paid overtime for being on call, but were never sent to the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But since then, Chevron has called Richmond police frequently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s calls for service almost every day down there,” Simmons said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company has been asking police to clear roads so trucks can drive in and out of the facility. On occasion, officers are asked to respond to complaints of loud music on the picket line. On several occasions, Chevron has reported that one of its managers or contract workers has been assaulted, though police have never been able to substantiate those allegations and have made no arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simmons says the refinery calls have exacerbated pressure on a department that’s suffering from a shortage of officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the leanest I have ever seen it,” said Simmons, a 13-year veteran of the department. “We are reaching critical mass staffing levels,” he added, saying that last week, all officers were ordered to sign up for overtime shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They [Chevron] are a major customer in our city. And we’re getting called down there often. It takes away from other things that that beat officer could be doing,” Simmons said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Emails: Nonunion workers stayed inside refinery for over a week\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jackson, the Chevron security official, asked police agencies for help on April 1 in a message that revealed that non-striking refinery workers had been sleeping at the facility since the walkout began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The refinery is re-posturing itself by now allowing the initial workforce to go home for a day or two. This workforce, just like myself, were considered essential workers and have been living within the refinery property since March 20,” Jackson wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope to have an orderly transition during that shift change period and having marked units assisting in that endeavor would be great,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The use of law enforcement by companies involved in strikes is very much a part of our nation’s labor history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Strikes with large numbers of workers are more likely to see companies bring in the ‘rent-a-cops’ than smaller ones,” said Fred Glass, an instructor in labor and community studies at City College of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The police response to Bay Area labor disputes has sometimes led to historic episodes of violence. In a 1934 strike, longshore workers shut down the port of San Francisco. Police opened fire on strikers, killing two workers and triggering a general strike in the city. During Oakland’s general strike in 1946, police beat strikers on the picket line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most strikes are quite law-abiding, so the use of private security or off-duty police — or for that matter on-duty police — is usually more meant to intimidate than actually protect anything,” said Glass, author of “From Mission to Microchip: A History of the California Labor Movement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A top local United Steelworkers union official says the police arrangements at Chevron’s Richmond refinery paint unionized striking workers unfairly as lawbreakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only reason I think you would have all that is to intimidate our people. But our people are not doing anything wrong. They’re conducting themselves well on the picket lines,” said B.K. White, vice president of USW Local 5, in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘A jurisdiction miles away from San Pablo’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Chevron’s security manager for the most part seemed happy with the work San Pablo officers did but sent an email to the department’s Capt. Brian Bubar on April 6, highlighting an interaction he did not like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackson said Chevron firefighters in the area of the picketers told him an unidentified San Pablo police officer expressed support for the striking workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I understand that officers, of which you know I was one for 33 years, can have an opinion,” Jackson wrote. “There’s a time and place to express that opinion. This wasn’t one of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bubar wrote back, telling Jackson he understood and agreed. He emphasized that his officers were there to “keep the peace” and said that there had been several incidents they’d worked to deescalate involving “both sides.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I understand the challenges of the situation and the officers are doing their best not to get involved politically,” Bubar wrote. “I hope Chevron staff understands that challenge as we’re trying to navigate through this in a jurisdiction miles away from San Pablo.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Pablo Police Chief Raman says his officers were deployed for five days, from April 4 to April 8, and that there are no plans to redeploy officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Chevron defends deployments, councilmember challenges them\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Chevron says the police deployments are aimed at managing traffic into and out of the refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve appreciated the help of some local off-duty officers,” said refinery spokesperson Linsi Crain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company, on a webpage titled “\u003ca href=\"https://richmond.chevron.com/uswstrike\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">USW Local 5 Strike at Chevron Richmond\u003c/a>,” says hiring local police officers is a regular occurrence and that the Richmond and San Pablo officers “encourage safe and smooth movement through gates at times of increased in and out flow of our workforce, supplies and products.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richmond Councilmember Jimenez — a member of the Richmond Progressive Alliance, which backs USW Local 5 — says it’s concerning the city would agree to put police officers on standby for Chevron at a time when the department is having a tough time responding to local 911 calls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a problem in terms of how the Richmond Police Department decides what’s more important to deploy services,” Jimenez said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richmond police have yet to outline a full accounting of how much Chevron paid for the department’s officers to be on standby before the strike, but the price tag is expected to be in the thousands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Pablo police sent an invoice recently to Chevron for $27,500 for the work its officers did the first week of April, according to Chief Raman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "Chevron Calls to Police During Strike Prompt Pushback, Strain on Resources | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Officials at Chevron’s Richmond refinery have called police dozens of times in recent weeks to respond to the facility during a strike that’s now entering its seventh week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The calls come on the heels of financial arrangements worth tens of thousands of dollars that the oil giant made with the Richmond and San Pablo police departments in response to the labor dispute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the weeks before the walkout, a group of Richmond police officers were put on standby in case they were needed at the refinery. During the first week of April, Chevron paid the San Pablo Police Department to put officers at the facility’s gates. Chevron agreed to pay overtime to both departments to make officers available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The union behind the strike calls the police contracts and the company’s repeated calls to Richmond police an attempt to intimidate strikers. A top Richmond police official says the work has strained the understaffed department. And a member of the Richmond City Council says the police presence is a problematic use of public law enforcement resources at a time when staffing is strained.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Why are we deploying our police officers to support a corporation like Chevron?” said Richmond City Councilmember Claudia Jimenez, a critic of the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.chevron.com/-/media/chevron/stories/documents/1Q22-earnings-press-release.pdf\">Chevron announced a profit of $6.3 billion\u003c/a> for the first three months of this year, more than quadruple its earnings for the same period a year ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The police presence at the Richmond refinery is one element of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11908916/a-strike-at-chevrons-richmond-refinery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">labor conflict\u003c/a> that sees no signs of ending. Chevron and leaders of United Steelworkers Local 5 have met several times since \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11908722/they-own-the-oil-but-the-people-are-ours-workers-strike-at-chevrons-richmond-refinery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the walkout began March 21\u003c/a>. Neither the company nor the union has indicated that a resolution on the sticking points, which include worker safety as well as pay and benefits, is close.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Chevron understands the optics’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Four days after the strike began, the refinery’s security director asked four law enforcement agencies whether they could station officers outside the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was asked to reach out to you and any other police agencies to see if there is any interest in providing, on Chevron paid overtime, uniformed officers to assist in keeping traffic flowing around the refinery,” wrote Chevron Security Director Daryl Jackson in a March 25 email to the California Highway Patrol and Richmond, San Pablo and El Cerrito police departments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The email, obtained by KQED through California Public Records Act requests, describes the job as a “24/7 operation.” Two officers would be deployed during the day and two at night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Chevron understands the optics, but I’ve seen some very dangerous vehicle opportunities and those optics have the opportunity to look bad as well,” Jackson wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several hours later, San Pablo Police Chief Ron Raman wrote back, asking whether any of the other law enforcement agencies expressed interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Crickets. Nothing. Nada,” Jackson replied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Wow. Our rate would be close to $200 an offer [sic] per hour. I can try to fill but it’s kind of last minute,” Raman wrote. Five days later Chevron and San Pablo police officials began trading emails in order to create a contract, marking the first time that police department ever agreed to such a deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Due to the imminent and ongoing public safety concerns of the events of the refinery, the police department agreed to provide support in the interest of the West Contra Costa County community,” Raman told KQED in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Richmond officers deploy to refinery amid staffing shortages\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A top Richmond police officer replied to Chevron’s security manager on March 28 in a message that laid bare how strained that department has become.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We can post an overtime sign-up to see if we garner any interest. However, our patrol officers are currently being forced over on multiple 16-18 hours shifts each week, on forced overtime (minimum staffing),” wrote Capt. Timothy Simmons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simmons told Chevron the department had already posted overtime opportunities for officers on several other projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of these assignments routinely go unfilled because officers are tapped out. We will do our best,” wrote Simmons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with KQED on Friday, Simmons said that before that exchange, Chevron had arranged for Richmond police officers to be ready in case there was trouble outside the refinery in the weeks leading up to the walkout. Those officers were paid overtime for being on call, but were never sent to the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But since then, Chevron has called Richmond police frequently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s calls for service almost every day down there,” Simmons said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company has been asking police to clear roads so trucks can drive in and out of the facility. On occasion, officers are asked to respond to complaints of loud music on the picket line. On several occasions, Chevron has reported that one of its managers or contract workers has been assaulted, though police have never been able to substantiate those allegations and have made no arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simmons says the refinery calls have exacerbated pressure on a department that’s suffering from a shortage of officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the leanest I have ever seen it,” said Simmons, a 13-year veteran of the department. “We are reaching critical mass staffing levels,” he added, saying that last week, all officers were ordered to sign up for overtime shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They [Chevron] are a major customer in our city. And we’re getting called down there often. It takes away from other things that that beat officer could be doing,” Simmons said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Emails: Nonunion workers stayed inside refinery for over a week\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jackson, the Chevron security official, asked police agencies for help on April 1 in a message that revealed that non-striking refinery workers had been sleeping at the facility since the walkout began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The refinery is re-posturing itself by now allowing the initial workforce to go home for a day or two. This workforce, just like myself, were considered essential workers and have been living within the refinery property since March 20,” Jackson wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope to have an orderly transition during that shift change period and having marked units assisting in that endeavor would be great,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The use of law enforcement by companies involved in strikes is very much a part of our nation’s labor history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Strikes with large numbers of workers are more likely to see companies bring in the ‘rent-a-cops’ than smaller ones,” said Fred Glass, an instructor in labor and community studies at City College of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The police response to Bay Area labor disputes has sometimes led to historic episodes of violence. In a 1934 strike, longshore workers shut down the port of San Francisco. Police opened fire on strikers, killing two workers and triggering a general strike in the city. During Oakland’s general strike in 1946, police beat strikers on the picket line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most strikes are quite law-abiding, so the use of private security or off-duty police — or for that matter on-duty police — is usually more meant to intimidate than actually protect anything,” said Glass, author of “From Mission to Microchip: A History of the California Labor Movement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A top local United Steelworkers union official says the police arrangements at Chevron’s Richmond refinery paint unionized striking workers unfairly as lawbreakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only reason I think you would have all that is to intimidate our people. But our people are not doing anything wrong. They’re conducting themselves well on the picket lines,” said B.K. White, vice president of USW Local 5, in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘A jurisdiction miles away from San Pablo’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Chevron’s security manager for the most part seemed happy with the work San Pablo officers did but sent an email to the department’s Capt. Brian Bubar on April 6, highlighting an interaction he did not like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackson said Chevron firefighters in the area of the picketers told him an unidentified San Pablo police officer expressed support for the striking workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I understand that officers, of which you know I was one for 33 years, can have an opinion,” Jackson wrote. “There’s a time and place to express that opinion. This wasn’t one of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bubar wrote back, telling Jackson he understood and agreed. He emphasized that his officers were there to “keep the peace” and said that there had been several incidents they’d worked to deescalate involving “both sides.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I understand the challenges of the situation and the officers are doing their best not to get involved politically,” Bubar wrote. “I hope Chevron staff understands that challenge as we’re trying to navigate through this in a jurisdiction miles away from San Pablo.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Pablo Police Chief Raman says his officers were deployed for five days, from April 4 to April 8, and that there are no plans to redeploy officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Chevron defends deployments, councilmember challenges them\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Chevron says the police deployments are aimed at managing traffic into and out of the refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve appreciated the help of some local off-duty officers,” said refinery spokesperson Linsi Crain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company, on a webpage titled “\u003ca href=\"https://richmond.chevron.com/uswstrike\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">USW Local 5 Strike at Chevron Richmond\u003c/a>,” says hiring local police officers is a regular occurrence and that the Richmond and San Pablo officers “encourage safe and smooth movement through gates at times of increased in and out flow of our workforce, supplies and products.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richmond Councilmember Jimenez — a member of the Richmond Progressive Alliance, which backs USW Local 5 — says it’s concerning the city would agree to put police officers on standby for Chevron at a time when the department is having a tough time responding to local 911 calls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a problem in terms of how the Richmond Police Department decides what’s more important to deploy services,” Jimenez said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richmond police have yet to outline a full accounting of how much Chevron paid for the department’s officers to be on standby before the strike, but the price tag is expected to be in the thousands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Pablo police sent an invoice recently to Chevron for $27,500 for the work its officers did the first week of April, according to Chief Raman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Betty Reid Soskin, America's Oldest Park Ranger, Retires at 100",
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"headTitle": "Betty Reid Soskin, America’s Oldest Park Ranger, Retires at 100 | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The nation’s oldest active park ranger is hanging up her Smokey hat at the age of 100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Betty Reid Soskin retired Thursday from her job as an interpretative tour guide at the Rosie the Riveter WWII Home Front National Historical Park in Richmond, the National Park Service announced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soskin led tours at the site for more than 15 years, regularly drawing large crowds. She played a major role in helping to establish the park and museum, which honors the women who worked in factories during wartime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a guide, Soskin taught park visitors about the contributions of women and African Americans to the war effort, and about the experience of often overlooked Black home-front workers, who played a crucial role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879208\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BETTYREIDSOSKIN.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11879208 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BETTYREIDSOSKIN.jpg\" alt=\"An elderly woman in dark glasses, a U.S. Park Service uniform and sits/leans atop a cement wall in front of a brick building, looking seriously at the camera.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1460\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BETTYREIDSOSKIN.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BETTYREIDSOSKIN-800x608.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BETTYREIDSOSKIN-1020x776.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BETTYREIDSOSKIN-160x122.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BETTYREIDSOSKIN-1536x1168.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">National Park Service Ranger Betty Reid Soskin, then 99, at the Rosie the Riveter Visitor Center in Richmond, in 2017. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Luther Bailey/National Park Service)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She also shared with visitors her experience as a Black woman during the conflict, in which she worked for the U.S. Air Force in 1942, but quit after learning that “she was employed only because her superiors believed she was white,” according to a Park Service \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/betty-reid-soskin.htm\">biography\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being a primary source in the sharing of that history — my history — and giving shape to a new national park has been exciting and fulfilling,” Soskin said in the Park Service statement. “It has proven to bring meaning to my final years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the only person of color at planning meetings for the Richmond park, which opened in 2000, Soskin said she sought to underscore the deep connection between the area’s World War II-era home-front historic sites that define the park, and the long history of racial segregation that also existed there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11889544\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/028_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11889544 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/028_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021.jpg\" alt=\"Masked middle school students hold up large colorful signs thanking Betty Reid Soskin, as they all look to their left on a shaded cement area beside a one-story building.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/028_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/028_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/028_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/028_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/028_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students wait to give gifts to Betty Reid Soskin during a ceremony on her 100th birthday at the newly renamed Betty Reid Soskin Middle School in El Sobrante on Sept. 22, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“What gets remembered is a function of who’s in the room doing the remembering,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2014/05/15/312707926/oldest-national-park-ranger-shares-what-gets-remembered\">Soskin told NPR in 2014\u003c/a>, recalling her involvement in hashing out plans for the historical park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"betty-reid-soskin\"]Soskin got a temporary Park Service position at the age of 84 and became a permanent Park Service employee in 2011. She celebrated her 100th birthday last September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Betty has made a profound impact on the National Park Service and the way we carry out our mission,” NPS Director Chuck Sams said. “Her efforts remind us that we must seek out and give space for all perspectives so that we can tell a more full and inclusive history of our nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soskin was born Betty Charbonnet in Detroit in 1921, and later moved to New Orleans to live with her Creole family. She recalled surviving the devastating Great Mississippi Flood of 1927, according to the Park Service biography.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her family then moved to Oakland, and in 1945 she and her first husband opened Reid’s Records in Berkeley, one of the first Black-owned record stores in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soskin was named California Woman of the Year in 1995.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, Soskin received a presidential coin from President Barack Obama after she lit the National Christmas Tree at the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11889549\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/RS51631_077_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11889549 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/RS51631_077_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A thin, elderly woman with close-cropped, white hair and shaded glasses, lots of bracelets on one wrist, smiles and talks to someone off camera. She sits in a wheelchair, a sign on the wall behind her saying 'Betty Reid Soskin Middle School'.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/RS51631_077_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/RS51631_077_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/RS51631_077_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/RS51631_077_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/RS51631_077_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Betty Reid Soskin poses for a portrait underneath a sign for the newly renamed Betty Reid Soskin Middle School in El Sobrante on her 100th birthday, Sept. 22, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In June 2016, she was awakened in her home by a robber who punched her repeatedly in the face, dragged her out of her bedroom and beat her before making off with the coin and other items. Soskin, then 94, recovered and returned to work just weeks after the attack. The coin was replaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soskin also was honored with entry into the Congressional Record. And in 2018, Glamour magazine named her woman of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To mark her 100th birthday last year, the West Contra Costa Unified School District renamed Juan Crespi Middle School in El Sobrante in her honor: Betty Reid Soskin Middle School.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11910080\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS51618_063_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11910080\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS51618_063_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"An elderly woman with a facemask sits behind a large birthday cake, with a crowd behind her.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS51618_063_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS51618_063_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS51618_063_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS51618_063_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS51618_063_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A birthday cake is presented to Betty Reid Soskin during a ceremony at the newly renamed Betty Reid Soskin Middle School in El Sobrante on her 100th birthday, on Sept. 22, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Surrounded by family members, local leaders and students, Soskin cut the red ribbon to officially mark the name change, and was showered with flowers and an ornate birthday cake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know what one might do to justify a long life,” she said. “I think that you have pretty much got it made.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from The Associated Press and KQED’s Beth LaBerge.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Soskin officially hung up her Smokey hat this week, after leading tours for more than 15 years at the Rosie the Riveter WWII Home Front National Historical Park in Richmond.",
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"title": "Betty Reid Soskin, America's Oldest Park Ranger, Retires at 100 | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The nation’s oldest active park ranger is hanging up her Smokey hat at the age of 100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Betty Reid Soskin retired Thursday from her job as an interpretative tour guide at the Rosie the Riveter WWII Home Front National Historical Park in Richmond, the National Park Service announced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soskin led tours at the site for more than 15 years, regularly drawing large crowds. She played a major role in helping to establish the park and museum, which honors the women who worked in factories during wartime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a guide, Soskin taught park visitors about the contributions of women and African Americans to the war effort, and about the experience of often overlooked Black home-front workers, who played a crucial role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11879208\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BETTYREIDSOSKIN.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11879208 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BETTYREIDSOSKIN.jpg\" alt=\"An elderly woman in dark glasses, a U.S. Park Service uniform and sits/leans atop a cement wall in front of a brick building, looking seriously at the camera.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1460\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BETTYREIDSOSKIN.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BETTYREIDSOSKIN-800x608.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BETTYREIDSOSKIN-1020x776.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BETTYREIDSOSKIN-160x122.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/BETTYREIDSOSKIN-1536x1168.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">National Park Service Ranger Betty Reid Soskin, then 99, at the Rosie the Riveter Visitor Center in Richmond, in 2017. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Luther Bailey/National Park Service)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She also shared with visitors her experience as a Black woman during the conflict, in which she worked for the U.S. Air Force in 1942, but quit after learning that “she was employed only because her superiors believed she was white,” according to a Park Service \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/betty-reid-soskin.htm\">biography\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being a primary source in the sharing of that history — my history — and giving shape to a new national park has been exciting and fulfilling,” Soskin said in the Park Service statement. “It has proven to bring meaning to my final years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the only person of color at planning meetings for the Richmond park, which opened in 2000, Soskin said she sought to underscore the deep connection between the area’s World War II-era home-front historic sites that define the park, and the long history of racial segregation that also existed there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11889544\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/028_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11889544 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/028_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021.jpg\" alt=\"Masked middle school students hold up large colorful signs thanking Betty Reid Soskin, as they all look to their left on a shaded cement area beside a one-story building.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/028_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/028_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/028_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/028_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/028_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students wait to give gifts to Betty Reid Soskin during a ceremony on her 100th birthday at the newly renamed Betty Reid Soskin Middle School in El Sobrante on Sept. 22, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“What gets remembered is a function of who’s in the room doing the remembering,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2014/05/15/312707926/oldest-national-park-ranger-shares-what-gets-remembered\">Soskin told NPR in 2014\u003c/a>, recalling her involvement in hashing out plans for the historical park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Soskin got a temporary Park Service position at the age of 84 and became a permanent Park Service employee in 2011. She celebrated her 100th birthday last September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Betty has made a profound impact on the National Park Service and the way we carry out our mission,” NPS Director Chuck Sams said. “Her efforts remind us that we must seek out and give space for all perspectives so that we can tell a more full and inclusive history of our nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soskin was born Betty Charbonnet in Detroit in 1921, and later moved to New Orleans to live with her Creole family. She recalled surviving the devastating Great Mississippi Flood of 1927, according to the Park Service biography.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her family then moved to Oakland, and in 1945 she and her first husband opened Reid’s Records in Berkeley, one of the first Black-owned record stores in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soskin was named California Woman of the Year in 1995.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015, Soskin received a presidential coin from President Barack Obama after she lit the National Christmas Tree at the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11889549\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/RS51631_077_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11889549 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/RS51631_077_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A thin, elderly woman with close-cropped, white hair and shaded glasses, lots of bracelets on one wrist, smiles and talks to someone off camera. She sits in a wheelchair, a sign on the wall behind her saying 'Betty Reid Soskin Middle School'.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/RS51631_077_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/RS51631_077_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/RS51631_077_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/RS51631_077_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/RS51631_077_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Betty Reid Soskin poses for a portrait underneath a sign for the newly renamed Betty Reid Soskin Middle School in El Sobrante on her 100th birthday, Sept. 22, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In June 2016, she was awakened in her home by a robber who punched her repeatedly in the face, dragged her out of her bedroom and beat her before making off with the coin and other items. Soskin, then 94, recovered and returned to work just weeks after the attack. The coin was replaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soskin also was honored with entry into the Congressional Record. And in 2018, Glamour magazine named her woman of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To mark her 100th birthday last year, the West Contra Costa Unified School District renamed Juan Crespi Middle School in El Sobrante in her honor: Betty Reid Soskin Middle School.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11910080\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS51618_063_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11910080\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS51618_063_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"An elderly woman with a facemask sits behind a large birthday cake, with a crowd behind her.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS51618_063_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS51618_063_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS51618_063_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS51618_063_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS51618_063_ElSobrante_BettyReidSoskinMiddleSchool_09222021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A birthday cake is presented to Betty Reid Soskin during a ceremony at the newly renamed Betty Reid Soskin Middle School in El Sobrante on her 100th birthday, on Sept. 22, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Surrounded by family members, local leaders and students, Soskin cut the red ribbon to officially mark the name change, and was showered with flowers and an ornate birthday cake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know what one might do to justify a long life,” she said. “I think that you have pretty much got it made.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from The Associated Press and KQED’s Beth LaBerge.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"soldout": {
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"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
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