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That’s not how a democracy works.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12024757\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12024757\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250125_Immigration-Forum_DB_00985.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250125_Immigration-Forum_DB_00985.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250125_Immigration-Forum_DB_00985-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250125_Immigration-Forum_DB_00985-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250125_Immigration-Forum_DB_00985-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250125_Immigration-Forum_DB_00985-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250125_Immigration-Forum_DB_00985-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People wait in line to register and enter an informational session about immigration services at Willow Cove Elementary in Pittsburg, California, Jan. 29, 2025. More than 300 people attended the event organized by Stand Together Contra Costa and the Pittsburg Unified School District, which offered free, private consultation with immigration attorneys, medical services and a resource fair. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The two suits, filed in a Rhode Island federal court, argue that the administration’s order violates the U.S. Constitution’s Spending Clause that precludes the executive branch from overriding the authority granted by Congress, and from using spending power to coerce states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Constitution makes clear that Congress, not the president, decides how federal money is spent, Bonta said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At this point, I’d recommend the President take a course on American civics to get a refresher on how checks and balances and the separation of powers work,” he added.[aside postID=news_12039333 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/FarmersTrumpGetty-1020x680.jpg']The Departments of Homeland Security and Transportation did not respond to KQED’s requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California receives over $15.7 billion in grant funding from the Department of Transportation to support and maintain its roads, railways, airports and bridges, and roughly $20 billion in funding from the Department of Homeland Security to protect against and respond to terrorist attacks and other national security threats, according to Bonta’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of that funding has so far been withheld from states, Bonta said, noting that the lawsuits are intended as a preemptive action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta has now filed \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2025/01/california-trump-lawsuits/\">22 lawsuits\u003c/a> against the flurry of executive orders President Donald Trump has signed in the 16 weeks since he took office. Many of those suits — which push back against the administration’s efforts to roll back everything from offshore wind licenses, electric vehicle mandates and sanctuary cities — are still making their way through the federal court system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, Trump issued an executive order to withhold federal funding for cities and counties across the country with sanctuary policies, a move\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037376/sf-santa-clara-counties-ask-us-court-halt-trumps-sanctuary-city-funding-freeze\"> subsequently blocked by a federal judge\u003c/a>. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crucial funding from the Departments of Homeland Security and Transportation has nothing to do with immigration enforcement, Bonta said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is our money and the money of other states that he’s holding hostage for his own unlawful gain,” Bonta said during a press conference on Tuesday, held with the attorneys general of Illinois, Rhode Island and New Jersey. “President Trump can’t use these funds as his bargaining chip, as his way of ensuring states abide by his preferred policies. That’s not how a democracy works.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12024757\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12024757\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250125_Immigration-Forum_DB_00985.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250125_Immigration-Forum_DB_00985.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250125_Immigration-Forum_DB_00985-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250125_Immigration-Forum_DB_00985-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250125_Immigration-Forum_DB_00985-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250125_Immigration-Forum_DB_00985-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250125_Immigration-Forum_DB_00985-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People wait in line to register and enter an informational session about immigration services at Willow Cove Elementary in Pittsburg, California, Jan. 29, 2025. More than 300 people attended the event organized by Stand Together Contra Costa and the Pittsburg Unified School District, which offered free, private consultation with immigration attorneys, medical services and a resource fair. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The two suits, filed in a Rhode Island federal court, argue that the administration’s order violates the U.S. Constitution’s Spending Clause that precludes the executive branch from overriding the authority granted by Congress, and from using spending power to coerce states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Constitution makes clear that Congress, not the president, decides how federal money is spent, Bonta said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At this point, I’d recommend the President take a course on American civics to get a refresher on how checks and balances and the separation of powers work,” he added.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Departments of Homeland Security and Transportation did not respond to KQED’s requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California receives over $15.7 billion in grant funding from the Department of Transportation to support and maintain its roads, railways, airports and bridges, and roughly $20 billion in funding from the Department of Homeland Security to protect against and respond to terrorist attacks and other national security threats, according to Bonta’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of that funding has so far been withheld from states, Bonta said, noting that the lawsuits are intended as a preemptive action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta has now filed \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2025/01/california-trump-lawsuits/\">22 lawsuits\u003c/a> against the flurry of executive orders President Donald Trump has signed in the 16 weeks since he took office. Many of those suits — which push back against the administration’s efforts to roll back everything from offshore wind licenses, electric vehicle mandates and sanctuary cities — are still making their way through the federal court system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, Trump issued an executive order to withhold federal funding for cities and counties across the country with sanctuary policies, a move\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037376/sf-santa-clara-counties-ask-us-court-halt-trumps-sanctuary-city-funding-freeze\"> subsequently blocked by a federal judge\u003c/a>. The administration also issued Department of Justice memos instructing federal law enforcement to investigate and prosecute local officials who don’t actively assist in immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the first Trump administration, San Francisco and Santa Clara sued the federal government for attempting to withhold federal funds based on their sanctuary policies; the two counties prevailed in that suit before the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, which ruled that the policies were legal and the withholding of funds was not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/mlagos\">Marisa Lagos\u003c/a> contributed reporting.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>This story was reported for K Onda KQED, a monthly newsletter focused on the Bay Area’s Latinx community. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/newsletters/k-onda\">Click here to subscribe\u003c/a>.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a recent episode of KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://link.chtbl.com/HyphenacionPodcast\">Hyphenación\u003c/a> podcast, San José poet Yosimar Reyes talked about his childhood nickname, Gordo, which roughly translates to “fatty.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Usually your parents are your first bully, so you get conditioned to facing the world through them,” Reyes said, referring to Latinos, laughing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cultural insight is one of many he shared in the episode titled, “Are You a Bad Person if You Don’t Take Care of Your Family?” Host Xorje Olivares interviewed Reyes and Anita Tijerina Revilla, chair of the Chicanx and Latinx Studies Department at California State University, Los Angeles, about their roles as caretakers for family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reyes became the primary caretaker of his grandmother in her final years, while Tijerina Revilla raised her niece and nephew from the time they were small children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It takes a really powerful person to raise a little queer child and to not murder their spirit and my grandma never did that,” Reyes said. “My grandma was an alcahueta. If I wanted something, she would make it work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conversation was funny, heartfelt and deep — exactly what \u003ca href=\"https://link.chtbl.com/HyphenacionPodcast\">Hyphenación\u003c/a> promises to deliver while centering the Latinx experience. The show, which launched April 15, is available on both audio and video platforms, leading KQED’s foray into producing video podcasts for YouTube.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The eight-episode first season explores a wide range of topics, such as U.S citizenship, religion and looking Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want folks to have aha moments the same way I have in the course of each episode and to really have a bunch of like thinkers,” Olivares said. “In each episode, I ask a question that is really how we focus ourselves within the course of the conversation. And, we’re not asking folks to have an answer by the end of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve created this open-ended opportunity for discourse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/aWnoGBdpaRo?si=FuUpll8jLuSOT2PL\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Market research suggests that younger audiences want video content. They don’t just want to hear a podcast, they also want to see it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hyphenación is a portmanteau of hyphen and nación, which means nation in Spanish. It refers to the concept that U.S. Latinos live in a hyphenated space with lots of combinations of identities, whether that involves country of origin, race, religion or relationship status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything I do is as a Mexican-American. I can’t just separate that from my day-to-day existence,” Olivares said. “Based on the conversations we were having with guests, it was similar in that they couldn’t separate being Puerto Rican, Dominican-American and Colombian-American from their navigation through the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And we said, ‘OK, Hyphenación is a place where hyphenated Latinos can come talk about life’s big questions.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What I find refreshing about Hyphenación is that the podcast dives into fascinating universal topics through a lens that treats Latine guests as experts. That remains rare in mainstream media, which continues to lack diversity in both the stories it highlights and the voices it elevates as experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The podcast also represents KQED’s efforts to reach younger people and the Latinx audience in the Bay Area, which is also why K Onda exists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[KQED] is a public media institution,” Olivares said. “Part of our goals is to better reflect the community in which we’re positioned. Right now in the Bay Area, a strong proportion of the residents are Latino, so how can we create programming that works for them?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039618\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039618\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-HYPHENACION-SCREENCAP-1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1071\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-HYPHENACION-SCREENCAP-1-KQED.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-HYPHENACION-SCREENCAP-1-KQED-800x446.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-HYPHENACION-SCREENCAP-1-KQED-1020x569.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-HYPHENACION-SCREENCAP-1-KQED-160x89.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-HYPHENACION-SCREENCAP-1-KQED-1536x857.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">KQED’s Xorje Olivares, top left, interviewed, clockwise, San José poet Yosimar Reyes and Anita Tijerina Revilla, chair of the Chicanx and Latinx Studies Department at CSU Los Angeles, for an episode of KQED’s Hyphenación. \u003ccite>(Hyphenación/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Before coming to KQED, Olivares held a variety of roles — reporter, producer and host — at ABC News, Sirius FM Radio and Lemonada Media, where he helped produce podcasts, including one with Julián Castro, the former Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and now head of the San Francisco-based Latino Community Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Olivares was raised in Texas along the U.S.-Mexico border, which helps inform his approach to storytelling and examining identity. His work is shaped by the various facets of his identity: millennial, Mexican American, Tejano, queer and his experiences across different parts of the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My experience of Latinidad is so specific that it is my job, I feel, to show you other points of views,” he said. “My job is to present folks with maybe people they would never have thought about looking up or reading their work or hearing them wax poetic on monogamy.”[aside postID=news_12034651 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/005_KQEDARTS_ALAMEDA_LADONA_07202021-KQED.jpg']Hyphenación’s videos feature Olivares and two guests streaming from different locations. The citizenship episode features writers Karla Cornejo Villavicencio, who wrote The Undocumented Americans and Catalina and Javier Zamora, a poet and author of the memoir Solito, talking about their experiences immigrating to and living in the United States without legal authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An upcoming episode on the meaning of the American Dream will feature journalists Paola Ramos, author of Defectors: The Rise of the Latino Far Right and What It Means for America, and Los Angeles-based Brian de los Santos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the caregiving episode, Reyes and Tijerina Revilla spoke about how they didn’t necessarily seek out to become caregivers, but embraced those roles once they were in them and how they navigated cultural expectations. Tijerina Revilla had planned on having a “child-free” lifestyle until her sister became too ill to care for her two young children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We as women and even queer men have been socialized to be the caretakers, right? Ay, you’re not married, you’re just a queer living your life so go take care of your grandma, go take care of your mom, go take care of your nieces and nephews,” she said. “Even as a young person, I already had a lot of responsibility [placed] on me. Even as a grad student, I was making much more money than anybody in my whole family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>This story was reported for K Onda KQED, a monthly newsletter focused on the Bay Area’s Latinx community. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/newsletters/k-onda\">Click here to subscribe\u003c/a>.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a recent episode of KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://link.chtbl.com/HyphenacionPodcast\">Hyphenación\u003c/a> podcast, San José poet Yosimar Reyes talked about his childhood nickname, Gordo, which roughly translates to “fatty.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Usually your parents are your first bully, so you get conditioned to facing the world through them,” Reyes said, referring to Latinos, laughing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cultural insight is one of many he shared in the episode titled, “Are You a Bad Person if You Don’t Take Care of Your Family?” Host Xorje Olivares interviewed Reyes and Anita Tijerina Revilla, chair of the Chicanx and Latinx Studies Department at California State University, Los Angeles, about their roles as caretakers for family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reyes became the primary caretaker of his grandmother in her final years, while Tijerina Revilla raised her niece and nephew from the time they were small children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It takes a really powerful person to raise a little queer child and to not murder their spirit and my grandma never did that,” Reyes said. “My grandma was an alcahueta. If I wanted something, she would make it work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conversation was funny, heartfelt and deep — exactly what \u003ca href=\"https://link.chtbl.com/HyphenacionPodcast\">Hyphenación\u003c/a> promises to deliver while centering the Latinx experience. The show, which launched April 15, is available on both audio and video platforms, leading KQED’s foray into producing video podcasts for YouTube.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The eight-episode first season explores a wide range of topics, such as U.S citizenship, religion and looking Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want folks to have aha moments the same way I have in the course of each episode and to really have a bunch of like thinkers,” Olivares said. “In each episode, I ask a question that is really how we focus ourselves within the course of the conversation. And, we’re not asking folks to have an answer by the end of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve created this open-ended opportunity for discourse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/aWnoGBdpaRo?si=FuUpll8jLuSOT2PL\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Market research suggests that younger audiences want video content. They don’t just want to hear a podcast, they also want to see it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hyphenación is a portmanteau of hyphen and nación, which means nation in Spanish. It refers to the concept that U.S. Latinos live in a hyphenated space with lots of combinations of identities, whether that involves country of origin, race, religion or relationship status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything I do is as a Mexican-American. I can’t just separate that from my day-to-day existence,” Olivares said. “Based on the conversations we were having with guests, it was similar in that they couldn’t separate being Puerto Rican, Dominican-American and Colombian-American from their navigation through the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And we said, ‘OK, Hyphenación is a place where hyphenated Latinos can come talk about life’s big questions.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What I find refreshing about Hyphenación is that the podcast dives into fascinating universal topics through a lens that treats Latine guests as experts. That remains rare in mainstream media, which continues to lack diversity in both the stories it highlights and the voices it elevates as experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The podcast also represents KQED’s efforts to reach younger people and the Latinx audience in the Bay Area, which is also why K Onda exists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[KQED] is a public media institution,” Olivares said. “Part of our goals is to better reflect the community in which we’re positioned. Right now in the Bay Area, a strong proportion of the residents are Latino, so how can we create programming that works for them?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039618\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039618\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-HYPHENACION-SCREENCAP-1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1071\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-HYPHENACION-SCREENCAP-1-KQED.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-HYPHENACION-SCREENCAP-1-KQED-800x446.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-HYPHENACION-SCREENCAP-1-KQED-1020x569.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-HYPHENACION-SCREENCAP-1-KQED-160x89.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-HYPHENACION-SCREENCAP-1-KQED-1536x857.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">KQED’s Xorje Olivares, top left, interviewed, clockwise, San José poet Yosimar Reyes and Anita Tijerina Revilla, chair of the Chicanx and Latinx Studies Department at CSU Los Angeles, for an episode of KQED’s Hyphenación. \u003ccite>(Hyphenación/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Before coming to KQED, Olivares held a variety of roles — reporter, producer and host — at ABC News, Sirius FM Radio and Lemonada Media, where he helped produce podcasts, including one with Julián Castro, the former Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and now head of the San Francisco-based Latino Community Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Olivares was raised in Texas along the U.S.-Mexico border, which helps inform his approach to storytelling and examining identity. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Hyphenación’s videos feature Olivares and two guests streaming from different locations. The citizenship episode features writers Karla Cornejo Villavicencio, who wrote The Undocumented Americans and Catalina and Javier Zamora, a poet and author of the memoir Solito, talking about their experiences immigrating to and living in the United States without legal authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An upcoming episode on the meaning of the American Dream will feature journalists Paola Ramos, author of Defectors: The Rise of the Latino Far Right and What It Means for America, and Los Angeles-based Brian de los Santos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the caregiving episode, Reyes and Tijerina Revilla spoke about how they didn’t necessarily seek out to become caregivers, but embraced those roles once they were in them and how they navigated cultural expectations. Tijerina Revilla had planned on having a “child-free” lifestyle until her sister became too ill to care for her two young children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We as women and even queer men have been socialized to be the caretakers, right? Ay, you’re not married, you’re just a queer living your life so go take care of your grandma, go take care of your mom, go take care of your nieces and nephews,” she said. “Even as a young person, I already had a lot of responsibility [placed] on me. Even as a grad student, I was making much more money than anybody in my whole family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "do-california-trump-supporters-have-buyers-remorse-not-so-far",
"title": "Do California Trump Supporters Have Buyer's Remorse? Not So Far",
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"headTitle": "Do California Trump Supporters Have Buyer’s Remorse? Not So Far | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">President Donald Trump\u003c/a> has flooded the first 100 days of his second term with a flurry of executive orders. His policies have included mass federal layoffs, sweeping tariffs, an overhaul of the country’s immigration system, the elimination of DEI initiatives and efforts to curb transgender rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Trump’s approval among all California registered voters is 30% — lower than his 39% approval in 2017 — according to a recent \u003ca href=\"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/128155g3\">poll from UC Berkeley’s Institute of Governmental Studies\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark DiCamillo, the director of the IGS poll, said Trump’s ratings are historically low. “Usually, presidents start out with a high approval because they’re in a honeymoon period. That’s not the case with Trump in California,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, many Californians remain enthusiastic about the direction of the country under Trump’s leadership. Among California Republicans, 75% approve of how the president is handling the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked how they feel about the president’s policies in his first three months, Trump voters across the state, from San Diego to Humboldt counties, told KQED they are “ecstatic,” “elated,” “thrilled” and “proud.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the two dozen California Trump voters interviewed for this story, some were more cautious — even skeptical. Several expressed a desire for Trump to take more of a scalpel, rather than an ax, approach in his agenda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following six voters shared how the president’s policies have impacted their lives and communities in his first 100 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Shannon Kessler, 56, San Luis Obispo\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“I’m really pleased with his policies and presidency. It’s what I was hoping for when I voted for him,” said Shannon Kessler, a mom to a now-graduated track and field athlete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kessler feels the country now has an administration that will stand up for girls. As a former student-athlete, she doesn’t think it’s fair for transgender athletes to compete in girls’ and women’s sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039094\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039094\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-1-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-1-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-1-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-1-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-1-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-1-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shannon Kessler sits in her home in Arroyo Grande, California, on Monday, May 5, 2025. Kessler, a Trump voter in 2016 and 2024, says she’s encouraged by the president’s actions during his first 100 days in office. \u003ccite>(Julie Leopo for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In March, Gov. Gavin Newsom, in a conversation with conservative activist Charlie Kirk, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12030376/newsom-splits-with-democrats-on-trans-athletes-in-sports\">called transgender participation in women’s sports\u003c/a> “deeply unfair.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I agree with him on that, but he has done nothing to change that,” Kessler, a real estate agent, said of Newsom’s comment. “He could set an example and take action to protect girls. He’s the father of girls.” She wants to see Newsom push Democratic legislators to support bills like one that would have \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2025-04-01/hearing-on-trans-kids-in-school-sports\">banned transgender athletes\u003c/a> from girls’ sports, locker rooms, bathrooms and dorms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a fifth-generation Californian, Kessler said she’s seen the state burden its residents with “extreme regulations” on housing and water rights. She’s glad to see Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1996483/never-before-seen-documents-reveal-epa-canceled-63-grants-across-california\">dismantling the Environmental Protection Agency\u003c/a> and taking power away from “out-of-control three-letter agencies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kessler is among the nearly 40% of Californians who voted for Trump. She said she’s resentful that Democratic leadership has vowed to fight the administration and doesn’t feel represented when she reads about Newsom and Attorney General Rob Bonta building up a war chest of taxpayer dollars to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038732/california-sues-to-block-trump-and-rfk-jr-health-cuts-that-shuttered-sf-office\">sue the Trump administration\u003c/a> over policies like tariffs, dismantling federal agencies and withholding research grants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It offends me that they’re supposed to be my representatives,” she said. “That doesn’t represent me at all. Why do you want to fight with your government? Why don’t you just work with them?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Emma Valdez Garrison, 19, Fresno\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“As a woman who lives in California, we’ve created such a dangerous climate for young women,” said Emma Valdez Garrison, a 19-year-old political science major at California State University, Fresno. “Seeing a president and a man who’s standing up against the invasion of our country is something that I’m personally really excited to see.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garrison supports Trump’s push for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12031468/trumps-anti-dei-crackdown-targets-over-50-universities-nationwide\">colleges and universities to eliminate DEI\u003c/a> in their hiring and admissions processes. “It brings back merit-based hiring and performance-based hiring,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12032137\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12032137\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/DonaldTrumpTigerWoods-e1742423060297.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. President Donald Trump and golf legend Tiger Woods arrive for a reception honoring Black History Month in the East Room of the White House on Feb. 20, 2025, in Washington, D.C. The Black History Month celebration comes as Trump has signed a series of executive orders ending federal diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) programs and cutting funding to schools and universities that do not cut DEI programs. \u003ccite>(Win McNamee/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Recently, a woman in Garrison’s sorority shared a trans visibility day post on the group’s social media page.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For a long time, as a sorority, they’ve promoted ideas that are really woke and against what the majority of the girls in the house believe,” Garrison said. “A lot of girls felt like they couldn’t say anything because federally it was accepted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after Trump was inaugurated, Garrison said she and other women in their sorority felt emboldened to speak out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039096\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039096\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-8-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-8-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-8-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-8-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-8-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-8-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-8-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shannon Kessler lays out her Trump hats in her home in Arroyo Grande, California, on Monday, May 5, 2025. \u003ccite>(Julie Leopo for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We finally felt confident enough to say we’re against this as a sorority,” she said. “It’s no longer going to be something that we as a sorority post or celebrate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garrison is also relieved to see Trump targeting undocumented immigrants and issuing mass deportations. Her grandmother immigrated to the United States from Mexico when she was 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She did it the legal way. She did it the hard way. It cost her a lot of money. It cost her a lot of time,” Garrison said. “It was a big sacrifice for her to become a United States citizen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said her grandmother feels it’s unfair when unauthorized immigrants receive certain benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Ben Pino, 55, Los Angeles County\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Ben Pino was a lifelong Democrat who voted for Hillary Clinton in 2016. However, after Trump’s first term, he noticed more money in his pocket and purchased a condo in 2019 that he said has nearly doubled in value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was impressed because I’ve never seen someone take so much action in such a short amount of time and truly make a difference on my day-to-day living,” Pino said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039370\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039370\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CA-TRUMP-VOTERS-1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CA-TRUMP-VOTERS-1-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CA-TRUMP-VOTERS-1-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CA-TRUMP-VOTERS-1-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CA-TRUMP-VOTERS-1-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CA-TRUMP-VOTERS-1-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CA-TRUMP-VOTERS-1-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ben Pino in his neighborhood in Los Angeles County on May 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Julie Leopo for LAist)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pino voted for Trump in 2020 and again in 2024. He’s happy with the president’s policies so far this year, especially on immigration. Although he sympathizes with people coming to the U.S. in search of a better life, he thinks the Biden administration allowed too many people to enter the country illegally, leaving Trump no choice but to enforce mass deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My parents waited eight years to come here from Cuba,” Pino said. “They waited patiently until it was their turn, and they came with permission and they became naturalized citizens.”[aside postID=news_12038735 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/039_KQED_SanFrancisco_Coronavirus_03132020_7340_qed-1020x680.jpg']But Pino does have one criticism of Trump: his rhetoric on transgender issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He takes down the entire Republican Party that way by making us look like we’re maybe not kind to other people,” Pino said. His friend recently transitioned, and he worries that Trump is “creating a climate where [the transgender community] could be disrespected or maybe even treated unfairly or unkindly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pino endorses Trump’s executive order \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025974/federal-officials-investigate-san-jose-state-under-trumps-order-trans-athletes\">barring transgender girls and women\u003c/a> from competing in sports that align with their gender identity. However, he disagrees with his order \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/defending-women-from-gender-ideology-extremism-and-restoring-biological-truth-to-the-federal-government/\">recognizing only two sexes\u003c/a>. “I don’t think that you should just throw them to the wolves and just ignore them now and pretend like they never existed,” Pino said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He views Trump more as a reality show character than a polished politician. Although he agrees with the policies, he’s a bit horrified by Trump’s delivery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even with the people that we’re deporting, I don’t want them deported because they’re different,” he said. “I want them to be deported because they came here illegally. So I just wish he’d lighten up on that stance there a little bit and not be so mean to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Kim Durham, 68, Sacramento\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“I am glad to see the corruptness exposed,” Kim Durham said, referring to the federal agencies scaled back or gutted by Elon Musk and his Department of Government Efficiency, or DOGE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not saying [Musk’s] done a perfect job,” Durham said. She thinks DOGE will have to revisit some of their cuts and consider re-employing some workers. She believes the administration had to move quickly to make sufficient progress in four years. “Unfortunately, they’re going to have to let a lot of good people go, too, if we’re cutting back on the government.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039089\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039089\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-TRUMP100DAYS-10-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-TRUMP100DAYS-10-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-TRUMP100DAYS-10-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-TRUMP100DAYS-10-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-TRUMP100DAYS-10-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-TRUMP100DAYS-10-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-TRUMP100DAYS-10-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kim Durham sits outside of an apartment she rents outside of Sacramento on May 6, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In response to Musk’s efforts to slash federal staffing and budgets, protestors have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12033741/protesters-swarm-tesla-showrooms-to-oppose-elon-musks-purge-of-us-government\">targeted the billionaire’s electric car company\u003c/a>, vandalizing Tesla vehicles and charging stations and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101909107/anti-musk-sentiment-boils-over-to-tesla-owners\">holding “Tesla Takedown” demonstrations\u003c/a> across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m extremely disheartened to see the level of evil that’s being generated against Elon Musk [and] the Tesla dealerships,” Durham said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added that it’s one thing to boycott a company you don’t like and another thing to involve innocent people caught in the crosshairs. “I feel for every employee that works at any of those dealerships.”[aside postID=news_12038128 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-21-1020x680.jpg']Durham’s daughter and son-in-law are both police officers, and she’s concerned by how politicized the job has become. The “defund the police” movement, in her view, has discouraged people from entering the police academy and contributed to challenges in police recruitment and retention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Defund the police has done a lot of damage here,” she said. “A police officer ought to be able to do his or her job to protect the people, regardless. It shouldn’t be such a political thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having worked in the print and shipping industry for 25 years, Durham noted that her company purchases much of its paper and ink from overseas, including China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result of Trump’s tariffs, currently \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101909786/trumps-tariff-strategy-risks-long-term-damage-to-us-china-relationship\">up to 145% against China\u003c/a>, Durham’s employer is looking to adapt by purchasing from different countries or offering customers digital marketing options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Durham’s not worried. In the short term, she anticipates the tariffs will harm the business and may even reduce her income. But in the long term, she hopes they will encourage timber industries and paper mills to reopen in America — providing more jobs and bolstering the economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s gonna hurt for a bit,” Durham explained. “I’m willing to lose a little bit myself for the country that I’d like to see my little granddaughter here enjoy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Cindy Cremona, 65, San Diego County\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Cindy Cremona approves of Trump’s plans to expand natural resource extraction, especially opening oil reserves to lower gas prices. However, she wants the administration to remain environmentally responsible. “You can be conservative and still care about the environment,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cremona lives in Encinitas, a coastal North County beach city in San Diego, with her dogs, horse and a rescue frog in her backyard pond. She worries that overdevelopment in the region has destroyed wildlife corridors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039413\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12039413 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250508-Trump-100-Days-San-Diego-CC-03.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1335\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250508-Trump-100-Days-San-Diego-CC-03.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250508-Trump-100-Days-San-Diego-CC-03-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250508-Trump-100-Days-San-Diego-CC-03-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250508-Trump-100-Days-San-Diego-CC-03-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250508-Trump-100-Days-San-Diego-CC-03-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250508-Trump-100-Days-San-Diego-CC-03-1920x1282.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cindy Cremona and her 12-year-old Andalusian horse Durango in San Marcos, California, on May 8, 2025. \u003ccite>(Carolyne Corelis/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I can’t let my dogs out in the yard alone anymore because bobcats and coyotes are jumping into yards and eating our pets,” she said. “They’re doing that because they’re being squeezed out of every last bit of open space in our residential communities. And that’s heartbreaking to me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a recruiter for life science technology companies, Cremona is concerned about the pace of Trump’s federal overhaul, especially when it comes to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12030313/uc-berkeley-scientists-protest-trump-administrations-cuts-to-research-funding\">National Institutes of Health funding cuts\u003c/a>. She’s already noticed companies slowing down hiring as they wait to see how grant funding and layoffs play out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While she supports the general idea of government audits and eliminating waste, Cremona takes issue with broad changes. “Sometimes it’s not what you do, it’s how you do it,” she said. “I would have preferred a more thoughtful scalpel approach.”[aside postID=news_12038033 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250421-CHINATOWNTARIFFS-30-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg']Still, Cremona expects Trump’s “shock and awe” approach will include some backpedaling. “There’s a lot of hysteria about what’s been cut and how it’s gonna hurt,” she said. “I just think it’s way too early to make a judgment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She sees Trump’s handling of government as his signature businessman approach that differs from most politicians. “As a businesswoman, I appreciate that and I relate to it,” she said. “I don’t always like his particular style, though.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cremona, who is currently shopping for a new car, is considering an American-made model because of Trump’s auto tariffs, despite typically buying foreign vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She believes Trump is using tariffs to reset the economy toward self-reliance. “I think this president, if anybody, can get China to bow down,” she said. “Because China is as much of a bully as [Trump is]. He’s not afraid of China.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if the tariffs cause short-term pain, including the drop she’s noticed in her retirement savings, Cremona remains confident that they will ultimately bolster the economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m cautiously optimistic,” she said. “I’m excited, I like change. I think the country needed a little shakeup.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Emerson Green, 25, El Dorado County\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Emerson Green feels “a little let down” by Trump’s second term so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although he initially supported Trump and Musk’s efforts to downsize the federal workforce, he “expected that a lot of that stuff would just hit a brick wall in the court system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hiring freezes were a little bit shocking,” Green said. His mom had applied for a job with the Internal Revenue Service — a job she was excited to secure for its good pay and benefits — and received an offer letter. However, when Trump issued an across-the-board \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034478/federal-workers-fired-thousands-california-wants-hire-them\">government hiring freeze\u003c/a>, her offer was rescinded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039098\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1489px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039098\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250505-EMERSON-02-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1489\" height=\"993\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250505-EMERSON-02-BL-KQED.jpg 1489w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250505-EMERSON-02-BL-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250505-EMERSON-02-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250505-EMERSON-02-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1489px) 100vw, 1489px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emerson Green sits during a hike in Adams Canyon, Utah, on May 4, 2025. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Emerson Green)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I just think that’s a really big sort of middle finger to the American working class,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green agrees with Trump’s objective of eliminating fraud, waste and abuse in the federal government. He just wants a more nuanced approach, such as limited hiring freezes on certain branches of the IRS, where wasteful spending could be more clearly pinpointed. “A lot of these things did make sense at the time, but the way they’re being enforced just raises some eyebrows for me,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Musk’s role in the administration, Green is ambivalent but dislikes that Musk touts the need for people to work 80-hour workweeks. “The thing that really grosses me out is how the Trump administration is sort of playing along with this dialogue of reducing people to just economic units,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until a few weeks ago, Green worked at AutoZone, where he noticed that parts imported from China were already increasing in price. Before that, he ran his own headstone company and imported much of the granite from China and India. He supports Trump’s intent behind imposing tariffs to boost American manufacturing, but worries that the sweeping policies will hurt small businesses the most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, Green gives Trump credit for trying to address long-standing issues and doing what he promised on the campaign trail. “At the very least, what I can give kudos to Trump for is actually trying to do the things,” Green said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green said he “somewhat regrets” voting for Trump in November, but he still wouldn’t have voted for Kamala Harris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Knowing where things have ended up now, I probably either would’ve hesitantly voted for him or just abstained altogether,” Green said. “I think honestly, from a moral standpoint, I probably would have abstained.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Has President Donald Trump’s second term affected your life or community? KQED is continuing our reporting on how Californians are experiencing the administration’s policies. Share your story using \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1SutmEdDAaQ3_y2onK16kD98WsM_H-JrsTYFxGzh7UXo/edit\">\u003cem>our form\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. You can also reach our politics team directly at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"mailto:politics@kqed.org\">\u003cem>politics@kqed.org\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe-6Em0FA1xZECy5BUiL9ZpDYksuiNmoh2TaPYkoWn-fV9wlQ/viewform?usp=preview\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "For California Trump supporters, many expressed enthusiasm for the president’s policies in his second term so far, especially his aggressive action on immigration and government spending.",
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"title": "Do California Trump Supporters Have Buyer's Remorse? Not So Far | KQED",
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"headline": "Do California Trump Supporters Have Buyer's Remorse? Not So Far",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">President Donald Trump\u003c/a> has flooded the first 100 days of his second term with a flurry of executive orders. His policies have included mass federal layoffs, sweeping tariffs, an overhaul of the country’s immigration system, the elimination of DEI initiatives and efforts to curb transgender rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Trump’s approval among all California registered voters is 30% — lower than his 39% approval in 2017 — according to a recent \u003ca href=\"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/128155g3\">poll from UC Berkeley’s Institute of Governmental Studies\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark DiCamillo, the director of the IGS poll, said Trump’s ratings are historically low. “Usually, presidents start out with a high approval because they’re in a honeymoon period. That’s not the case with Trump in California,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, many Californians remain enthusiastic about the direction of the country under Trump’s leadership. Among California Republicans, 75% approve of how the president is handling the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked how they feel about the president’s policies in his first three months, Trump voters across the state, from San Diego to Humboldt counties, told KQED they are “ecstatic,” “elated,” “thrilled” and “proud.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the two dozen California Trump voters interviewed for this story, some were more cautious — even skeptical. Several expressed a desire for Trump to take more of a scalpel, rather than an ax, approach in his agenda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following six voters shared how the president’s policies have impacted their lives and communities in his first 100 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Shannon Kessler, 56, San Luis Obispo\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“I’m really pleased with his policies and presidency. It’s what I was hoping for when I voted for him,” said Shannon Kessler, a mom to a now-graduated track and field athlete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kessler feels the country now has an administration that will stand up for girls. As a former student-athlete, she doesn’t think it’s fair for transgender athletes to compete in girls’ and women’s sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039094\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039094\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-1-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-1-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-1-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-1-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-1-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-1-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shannon Kessler sits in her home in Arroyo Grande, California, on Monday, May 5, 2025. Kessler, a Trump voter in 2016 and 2024, says she’s encouraged by the president’s actions during his first 100 days in office. \u003ccite>(Julie Leopo for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In March, Gov. Gavin Newsom, in a conversation with conservative activist Charlie Kirk, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12030376/newsom-splits-with-democrats-on-trans-athletes-in-sports\">called transgender participation in women’s sports\u003c/a> “deeply unfair.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I agree with him on that, but he has done nothing to change that,” Kessler, a real estate agent, said of Newsom’s comment. “He could set an example and take action to protect girls. He’s the father of girls.” She wants to see Newsom push Democratic legislators to support bills like one that would have \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2025-04-01/hearing-on-trans-kids-in-school-sports\">banned transgender athletes\u003c/a> from girls’ sports, locker rooms, bathrooms and dorms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a fifth-generation Californian, Kessler said she’s seen the state burden its residents with “extreme regulations” on housing and water rights. She’s glad to see Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1996483/never-before-seen-documents-reveal-epa-canceled-63-grants-across-california\">dismantling the Environmental Protection Agency\u003c/a> and taking power away from “out-of-control three-letter agencies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kessler is among the nearly 40% of Californians who voted for Trump. She said she’s resentful that Democratic leadership has vowed to fight the administration and doesn’t feel represented when she reads about Newsom and Attorney General Rob Bonta building up a war chest of taxpayer dollars to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038732/california-sues-to-block-trump-and-rfk-jr-health-cuts-that-shuttered-sf-office\">sue the Trump administration\u003c/a> over policies like tariffs, dismantling federal agencies and withholding research grants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It offends me that they’re supposed to be my representatives,” she said. “That doesn’t represent me at all. Why do you want to fight with your government? Why don’t you just work with them?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Emma Valdez Garrison, 19, Fresno\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“As a woman who lives in California, we’ve created such a dangerous climate for young women,” said Emma Valdez Garrison, a 19-year-old political science major at California State University, Fresno. “Seeing a president and a man who’s standing up against the invasion of our country is something that I’m personally really excited to see.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garrison supports Trump’s push for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12031468/trumps-anti-dei-crackdown-targets-over-50-universities-nationwide\">colleges and universities to eliminate DEI\u003c/a> in their hiring and admissions processes. “It brings back merit-based hiring and performance-based hiring,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12032137\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12032137\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/DonaldTrumpTigerWoods-e1742423060297.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. President Donald Trump and golf legend Tiger Woods arrive for a reception honoring Black History Month in the East Room of the White House on Feb. 20, 2025, in Washington, D.C. The Black History Month celebration comes as Trump has signed a series of executive orders ending federal diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) programs and cutting funding to schools and universities that do not cut DEI programs. \u003ccite>(Win McNamee/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Recently, a woman in Garrison’s sorority shared a trans visibility day post on the group’s social media page.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For a long time, as a sorority, they’ve promoted ideas that are really woke and against what the majority of the girls in the house believe,” Garrison said. “A lot of girls felt like they couldn’t say anything because federally it was accepted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after Trump was inaugurated, Garrison said she and other women in their sorority felt emboldened to speak out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039096\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039096\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-8-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-8-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-8-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-8-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-8-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-8-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/TRUMPS-100-DAYS-2025-LEOPO-8-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shannon Kessler lays out her Trump hats in her home in Arroyo Grande, California, on Monday, May 5, 2025. \u003ccite>(Julie Leopo for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We finally felt confident enough to say we’re against this as a sorority,” she said. “It’s no longer going to be something that we as a sorority post or celebrate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garrison is also relieved to see Trump targeting undocumented immigrants and issuing mass deportations. Her grandmother immigrated to the United States from Mexico when she was 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She did it the legal way. She did it the hard way. It cost her a lot of money. It cost her a lot of time,” Garrison said. “It was a big sacrifice for her to become a United States citizen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said her grandmother feels it’s unfair when unauthorized immigrants receive certain benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Ben Pino, 55, Los Angeles County\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Ben Pino was a lifelong Democrat who voted for Hillary Clinton in 2016. However, after Trump’s first term, he noticed more money in his pocket and purchased a condo in 2019 that he said has nearly doubled in value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was impressed because I’ve never seen someone take so much action in such a short amount of time and truly make a difference on my day-to-day living,” Pino said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039370\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039370\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CA-TRUMP-VOTERS-1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CA-TRUMP-VOTERS-1-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CA-TRUMP-VOTERS-1-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CA-TRUMP-VOTERS-1-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CA-TRUMP-VOTERS-1-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CA-TRUMP-VOTERS-1-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CA-TRUMP-VOTERS-1-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ben Pino in his neighborhood in Los Angeles County on May 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Julie Leopo for LAist)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pino voted for Trump in 2020 and again in 2024. He’s happy with the president’s policies so far this year, especially on immigration. Although he sympathizes with people coming to the U.S. in search of a better life, he thinks the Biden administration allowed too many people to enter the country illegally, leaving Trump no choice but to enforce mass deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My parents waited eight years to come here from Cuba,” Pino said. “They waited patiently until it was their turn, and they came with permission and they became naturalized citizens.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But Pino does have one criticism of Trump: his rhetoric on transgender issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He takes down the entire Republican Party that way by making us look like we’re maybe not kind to other people,” Pino said. His friend recently transitioned, and he worries that Trump is “creating a climate where [the transgender community] could be disrespected or maybe even treated unfairly or unkindly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pino endorses Trump’s executive order \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025974/federal-officials-investigate-san-jose-state-under-trumps-order-trans-athletes\">barring transgender girls and women\u003c/a> from competing in sports that align with their gender identity. However, he disagrees with his order \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/defending-women-from-gender-ideology-extremism-and-restoring-biological-truth-to-the-federal-government/\">recognizing only two sexes\u003c/a>. “I don’t think that you should just throw them to the wolves and just ignore them now and pretend like they never existed,” Pino said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He views Trump more as a reality show character than a polished politician. Although he agrees with the policies, he’s a bit horrified by Trump’s delivery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even with the people that we’re deporting, I don’t want them deported because they’re different,” he said. “I want them to be deported because they came here illegally. So I just wish he’d lighten up on that stance there a little bit and not be so mean to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Kim Durham, 68, Sacramento\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“I am glad to see the corruptness exposed,” Kim Durham said, referring to the federal agencies scaled back or gutted by Elon Musk and his Department of Government Efficiency, or DOGE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not saying [Musk’s] done a perfect job,” Durham said. She thinks DOGE will have to revisit some of their cuts and consider re-employing some workers. She believes the administration had to move quickly to make sufficient progress in four years. “Unfortunately, they’re going to have to let a lot of good people go, too, if we’re cutting back on the government.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039089\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039089\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-TRUMP100DAYS-10-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-TRUMP100DAYS-10-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-TRUMP100DAYS-10-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-TRUMP100DAYS-10-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-TRUMP100DAYS-10-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-TRUMP100DAYS-10-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-TRUMP100DAYS-10-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kim Durham sits outside of an apartment she rents outside of Sacramento on May 6, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In response to Musk’s efforts to slash federal staffing and budgets, protestors have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12033741/protesters-swarm-tesla-showrooms-to-oppose-elon-musks-purge-of-us-government\">targeted the billionaire’s electric car company\u003c/a>, vandalizing Tesla vehicles and charging stations and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101909107/anti-musk-sentiment-boils-over-to-tesla-owners\">holding “Tesla Takedown” demonstrations\u003c/a> across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m extremely disheartened to see the level of evil that’s being generated against Elon Musk [and] the Tesla dealerships,” Durham said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added that it’s one thing to boycott a company you don’t like and another thing to involve innocent people caught in the crosshairs. “I feel for every employee that works at any of those dealerships.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Durham’s daughter and son-in-law are both police officers, and she’s concerned by how politicized the job has become. The “defund the police” movement, in her view, has discouraged people from entering the police academy and contributed to challenges in police recruitment and retention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Defund the police has done a lot of damage here,” she said. “A police officer ought to be able to do his or her job to protect the people, regardless. It shouldn’t be such a political thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having worked in the print and shipping industry for 25 years, Durham noted that her company purchases much of its paper and ink from overseas, including China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result of Trump’s tariffs, currently \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101909786/trumps-tariff-strategy-risks-long-term-damage-to-us-china-relationship\">up to 145% against China\u003c/a>, Durham’s employer is looking to adapt by purchasing from different countries or offering customers digital marketing options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Durham’s not worried. In the short term, she anticipates the tariffs will harm the business and may even reduce her income. But in the long term, she hopes they will encourage timber industries and paper mills to reopen in America — providing more jobs and bolstering the economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s gonna hurt for a bit,” Durham explained. “I’m willing to lose a little bit myself for the country that I’d like to see my little granddaughter here enjoy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Cindy Cremona, 65, San Diego County\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Cindy Cremona approves of Trump’s plans to expand natural resource extraction, especially opening oil reserves to lower gas prices. However, she wants the administration to remain environmentally responsible. “You can be conservative and still care about the environment,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cremona lives in Encinitas, a coastal North County beach city in San Diego, with her dogs, horse and a rescue frog in her backyard pond. She worries that overdevelopment in the region has destroyed wildlife corridors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039413\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12039413 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250508-Trump-100-Days-San-Diego-CC-03.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1335\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250508-Trump-100-Days-San-Diego-CC-03.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250508-Trump-100-Days-San-Diego-CC-03-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250508-Trump-100-Days-San-Diego-CC-03-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250508-Trump-100-Days-San-Diego-CC-03-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250508-Trump-100-Days-San-Diego-CC-03-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250508-Trump-100-Days-San-Diego-CC-03-1920x1282.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cindy Cremona and her 12-year-old Andalusian horse Durango in San Marcos, California, on May 8, 2025. \u003ccite>(Carolyne Corelis/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I can’t let my dogs out in the yard alone anymore because bobcats and coyotes are jumping into yards and eating our pets,” she said. “They’re doing that because they’re being squeezed out of every last bit of open space in our residential communities. And that’s heartbreaking to me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a recruiter for life science technology companies, Cremona is concerned about the pace of Trump’s federal overhaul, especially when it comes to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12030313/uc-berkeley-scientists-protest-trump-administrations-cuts-to-research-funding\">National Institutes of Health funding cuts\u003c/a>. She’s already noticed companies slowing down hiring as they wait to see how grant funding and layoffs play out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While she supports the general idea of government audits and eliminating waste, Cremona takes issue with broad changes. “Sometimes it’s not what you do, it’s how you do it,” she said. “I would have preferred a more thoughtful scalpel approach.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Still, Cremona expects Trump’s “shock and awe” approach will include some backpedaling. “There’s a lot of hysteria about what’s been cut and how it’s gonna hurt,” she said. “I just think it’s way too early to make a judgment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She sees Trump’s handling of government as his signature businessman approach that differs from most politicians. “As a businesswoman, I appreciate that and I relate to it,” she said. “I don’t always like his particular style, though.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cremona, who is currently shopping for a new car, is considering an American-made model because of Trump’s auto tariffs, despite typically buying foreign vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She believes Trump is using tariffs to reset the economy toward self-reliance. “I think this president, if anybody, can get China to bow down,” she said. “Because China is as much of a bully as [Trump is]. He’s not afraid of China.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if the tariffs cause short-term pain, including the drop she’s noticed in her retirement savings, Cremona remains confident that they will ultimately bolster the economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m cautiously optimistic,” she said. “I’m excited, I like change. I think the country needed a little shakeup.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Emerson Green, 25, El Dorado County\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Emerson Green feels “a little let down” by Trump’s second term so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although he initially supported Trump and Musk’s efforts to downsize the federal workforce, he “expected that a lot of that stuff would just hit a brick wall in the court system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hiring freezes were a little bit shocking,” Green said. His mom had applied for a job with the Internal Revenue Service — a job she was excited to secure for its good pay and benefits — and received an offer letter. However, when Trump issued an across-the-board \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034478/federal-workers-fired-thousands-california-wants-hire-them\">government hiring freeze\u003c/a>, her offer was rescinded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039098\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1489px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039098\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250505-EMERSON-02-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1489\" height=\"993\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250505-EMERSON-02-BL-KQED.jpg 1489w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250505-EMERSON-02-BL-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250505-EMERSON-02-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250505-EMERSON-02-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1489px) 100vw, 1489px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emerson Green sits during a hike in Adams Canyon, Utah, on May 4, 2025. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Emerson Green)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I just think that’s a really big sort of middle finger to the American working class,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green agrees with Trump’s objective of eliminating fraud, waste and abuse in the federal government. He just wants a more nuanced approach, such as limited hiring freezes on certain branches of the IRS, where wasteful spending could be more clearly pinpointed. “A lot of these things did make sense at the time, but the way they’re being enforced just raises some eyebrows for me,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Musk’s role in the administration, Green is ambivalent but dislikes that Musk touts the need for people to work 80-hour workweeks. “The thing that really grosses me out is how the Trump administration is sort of playing along with this dialogue of reducing people to just economic units,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until a few weeks ago, Green worked at AutoZone, where he noticed that parts imported from China were already increasing in price. Before that, he ran his own headstone company and imported much of the granite from China and India. He supports Trump’s intent behind imposing tariffs to boost American manufacturing, but worries that the sweeping policies will hurt small businesses the most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, Green gives Trump credit for trying to address long-standing issues and doing what he promised on the campaign trail. “At the very least, what I can give kudos to Trump for is actually trying to do the things,” Green said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green said he “somewhat regrets” voting for Trump in November, but he still wouldn’t have voted for Kamala Harris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Knowing where things have ended up now, I probably either would’ve hesitantly voted for him or just abstained altogether,” Green said. “I think honestly, from a moral standpoint, I probably would have abstained.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Has President Donald Trump’s second term affected your life or community? KQED is continuing our reporting on how Californians are experiencing the administration’s policies. Share your story using \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1SutmEdDAaQ3_y2onK16kD98WsM_H-JrsTYFxGzh7UXo/edit\">\u003cem>our form\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. You can also reach our politics team directly at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"mailto:politics@kqed.org\">\u003cem>politics@kqed.org\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe\n src='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe-6Em0FA1xZECy5BUiL9ZpDYksuiNmoh2TaPYkoWn-fV9wlQ/viewform?usp=preview?embedded=true'\n title='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe-6Em0FA1xZECy5BUiL9ZpDYksuiNmoh2TaPYkoWn-fV9wlQ/viewform?usp=preview'\n width='760' height='500'\n frameborder='0'\n marginheight='0' marginwidth='0'>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "california-farmers-hit-hard-trumps-trade-war-havent-turned-against-him-yet",
"title": "California Farmers, Hit Hard by Trump’s Trade War, Haven’t Turned Against Him Yet",
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"content": "\u003cp>California’s agricultural sector, a small and rare \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11138262/why-these-central-valley-republicans-stand-by-donald-trump\">base of support for President Trump\u003c/a> in the liberal state, has been flipped on its head in the administration’s first 100 days, but it doesn’t appear that farmers are ready to stop backing him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s hurting the people who voted for him,” Colin Carter, a professor of agricultural and resource economics at UC Davis, told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The industry already struggled to bounce back after the first Trump administration’s trade war with China and the COVID-19 pandemic. Now it is being rocked by what Sen. Alex Padilla called a “triple whammy”: farmworkers rattled by immigration enforcement; exports at risk of dwindling due to tariffs; and risky water use that could leave farmers in short supply this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Their workforce is worried, scared,” Padilla said \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038943/democrats-voice-frustration-and-determination-to-win-back-the-house\">on KQED’s Political Breakdown podcast\u003c/a> this week, adding that even before Trump took office, January \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021487/an-immigration-raid-in-kern-county-foreshadows-what-awaits-farmworkers-and-the-economy\">immigration raids in Bakersfield\u003c/a> shook Kern County and the wider farmworker community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Trump’s ping-ponging tariffs, which have spurred a global trade war, are not only making imports more expensive but also affecting “the growers in California who export so much as part of their business,” Padilla said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The levies have the potential to devastate California’s agriculture industry, according to Carter, who studied the fallout from the 2018–2019 trade war with China during Trump’s first term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12034427\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12034427\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Donald Trump holds a chart as he delivers remarks on reciprocal tariffs during an event in the Rose Garden entitled “Make America Wealthy Again” at the White House in Washington, D.C., on April 2, 2025. \u003ccite>(Brendan Smialowski/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Its long-lasting effects show what is at risk for the industry right now, only “much worse,” Carter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Prior to the early Trump trade war, China was the number one market for U.S. agriculture [exports],” he said. “The trade war that was initiated by Trump ruined that relationship, and China is no longer number one. And if we look at California, some California products were highly dependent on China.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prior to 2018, California’s export of tree nuts — mostly pistachios, walnuts and almonds — was lucrative and growing. Ninety-four percent of China’s tree nut imports came from the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after China levied tariffs of up to 25% on some agricultural imports in response to U.S. tariffs, that 94% figure dropped to just 53%. California’s farmers lost about $900 million in revenue in one year as a result, according to Carter.[aside postID=news_12038128 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-21-1020x680.jpg']“In the case of almonds, China pivoted towards Australia. Australia can produce almonds; they increased their production and they have 0% tariffs,” Carter said. “[China] started increasing its own production of walnuts instead of buying them from California. It was a growing market, [and] California had a big market share that would have continued to grow, but that was all ruined.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, Trump awarded $16 billion in relief for affected farms. There was some rebound in the years between that trade war and the current one, but California never regained the dominance it once held.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, on top of a near halt on exports to China under \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/11/nx-s1-5361056/china-us-trade-war-tariffs-escalation\">its 125% levies\u003c/a>, trade wars with California’s other primary export partner in Canada, threaten the same lasting impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California agriculture ships fruits and vegetables, wine up to Canada, and that’s already impacted,” Carter said. Canada is the state’s number one importer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Canada imposed a 25% retaliatory tariff on U.S. wine. Instead of looking to California, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/Statistics/PDFs/2022-2023_california_agricultural_exports.pdf\">sent 34% of its exported wine\u003c/a> to the country in 2022, Canada is relying on Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if the trade war ebbs, “they may not come back to California,” Carter told KQED. “Trading in agriculture is a relationship that develops over time. And if one trading partner breaks that relationship, it doesn’t snap back overnight. It takes a long time to regain that trust.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Farmworkers ‘refusing to come out’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The industry’s workforce is also under significant threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrants made up at least 50% of the state’s farmworker population between 2010 and 2018, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/publication/health-care-access-among-californias-farmworkers/\">according to data\u003c/a> from the Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those farmworkers are increasingly anxious and fearful, according to Belinda Hernandez-Arriaga, the executive director of Ayudando Latinos A Soñar (ALAS), an advocacy nonprofit for farmworkers in Half Moon Bay. Even though Trump’s threat of mass deportations has not yet been widely carried out, the emotional and psychological fear it’s caused is already having effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11973461\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11973461\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240123-HMBShootingAnniversary-39-BL.jpg\" alt=\"A person with long hair stands in front of a group of people in a room painted bright orange.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240123-HMBShootingAnniversary-39-BL.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240123-HMBShootingAnniversary-39-BL-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240123-HMBShootingAnniversary-39-BL-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240123-HMBShootingAnniversary-39-BL-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240123-HMBShootingAnniversary-39-BL-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Belinda Hernandez-Arriaga speaks during a roundtable discussion at the ALAS Sueño Center in Half Moon Bay on Jan. 23, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There’s a group of farmworkers … here on the North Coast and they have told our team that they’re refusing to come out beyond just their work duties,” Hernandez-Arriaga said. “They don’t want to leave the farm. They don’t want to come out for other things in the community because they don’t want to be at risk, and they’re scared.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said that in the days immediately after actions like the raids in Kern County, people have stayed home from work, worried that their farms would be targets for Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials, or that they could be stopped at a gas station on their way home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While many immigrants were already fearful of ICE enforcement under the Biden administration, Hernandez-Arriaga said those she spoke to in Half Moon Bay didn’t feel like a target.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The current administration, she said, is “saying that they’re focusing on criminals, but that’s not what we’re seeing happening at all. In many ways, that’s what they’re using to market this increased deportation of immigrants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Farmers still on Trump’s side\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Amid the threats both to agricultural workers and the industry’s economic stability, Padilla said he has been working with farmers and speaking with Republican colleagues about the impacts of Trump’s policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blanket tariffs risk retaliation and could harm the farmers they try to protect, warned Shannon Douglass, president of the California Farm Bureau, which advocates for the state’s farmers and ranchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_127407\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1636px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-127407 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/02/4669193811.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1636\" height=\"961\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California’s agricultural industry could be devastated by dwindling exports due to retaliatory tariffs and the effect of immigration enforcement on farmworkers. \u003ccite>(Frederic J. Brown/AFP-Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A more strategic approach is targeted enforcement, not blanket tariffs,” she said in a statement. “Strengthening and enforcing provisions of trade agreements like USMCA, expanding export markets and ensuring fair competition through diplomatic discussions would likely protect California farmers without triggering unnecessary retaliation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Carter noted that Trump didn’t lose very much support from California farmers after his 2018–2019 trade war, and there hasn’t been a dramatic outpouring of opposition from them in recent months either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is a mystery,” Carter said.[aside postID=news_12038519 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-1389555319-1020x681.jpg']He added that it could be because farmers believe they’ll benefit from the long-term effects of the tariff policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“President Trump and [trade advisor] Peter Navarro and [Secretary of Commerce Howard] Lutnick, I’ve seen them on CNN complaining about how U.S. agriculture’s ripped off in Canada, in Australia, in the European Union,” Carter said. “Actually, that’s just not correct.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said California exports 40% of its agricultural goods and that the U.S. has done well in recent decades because of lower trade barriers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other farmers are hoping that high prices will be worth it for less restricted water resources, he said. In January, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12023248/trump-again-wades-into-california-water-use-fight-drawing-skepticism-from-experts\">announced a “presidential action”\u003c/a> that directed the Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary of the Interior to develop a plan that would route more water from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta to dry parts of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he also \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/02/07/nx-s1-5287016/farmers-are-worried-after-trump-released-billions-of-gallons-of-water-in-california\">flushed 2 billion gallons of water\u003c/a> from dams in the Sierra Nevada foothills in February, claiming that it would help give Los Angeles and California “\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/02/07/nx-s1-5287016/farmers-are-worried-after-trump-released-billions-of-gallons-of-water-in-california\">virtually unlimited water\u003c/a>.” The fires had already been fully contained at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carter isn’t sure whether farmers will start to rethink their support for Trump if tariffs begin to make a bigger dent in their revenue, or if their workforce is decimated — as it would be should he carry out his threat of mass deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Trump] had a lot of support in the Central Valley, and even though they were harmed during the first trade war,” Carter told KQED. “It does make you wonder how much pain they’re willing to take.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California’s agricultural sector, a small and rare \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11138262/why-these-central-valley-republicans-stand-by-donald-trump\">base of support for President Trump\u003c/a> in the liberal state, has been flipped on its head in the administration’s first 100 days, but it doesn’t appear that farmers are ready to stop backing him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s hurting the people who voted for him,” Colin Carter, a professor of agricultural and resource economics at UC Davis, told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The industry already struggled to bounce back after the first Trump administration’s trade war with China and the COVID-19 pandemic. Now it is being rocked by what Sen. Alex Padilla called a “triple whammy”: farmworkers rattled by immigration enforcement; exports at risk of dwindling due to tariffs; and risky water use that could leave farmers in short supply this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Their workforce is worried, scared,” Padilla said \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038943/democrats-voice-frustration-and-determination-to-win-back-the-house\">on KQED’s Political Breakdown podcast\u003c/a> this week, adding that even before Trump took office, January \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021487/an-immigration-raid-in-kern-county-foreshadows-what-awaits-farmworkers-and-the-economy\">immigration raids in Bakersfield\u003c/a> shook Kern County and the wider farmworker community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Trump’s ping-ponging tariffs, which have spurred a global trade war, are not only making imports more expensive but also affecting “the growers in California who export so much as part of their business,” Padilla said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The levies have the potential to devastate California’s agriculture industry, according to Carter, who studied the fallout from the 2018–2019 trade war with China during Trump’s first term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12034427\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12034427\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Donald Trump holds a chart as he delivers remarks on reciprocal tariffs during an event in the Rose Garden entitled “Make America Wealthy Again” at the White House in Washington, D.C., on April 2, 2025. \u003ccite>(Brendan Smialowski/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Its long-lasting effects show what is at risk for the industry right now, only “much worse,” Carter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Prior to the early Trump trade war, China was the number one market for U.S. agriculture [exports],” he said. “The trade war that was initiated by Trump ruined that relationship, and China is no longer number one. And if we look at California, some California products were highly dependent on China.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prior to 2018, California’s export of tree nuts — mostly pistachios, walnuts and almonds — was lucrative and growing. Ninety-four percent of China’s tree nut imports came from the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after China levied tariffs of up to 25% on some agricultural imports in response to U.S. tariffs, that 94% figure dropped to just 53%. California’s farmers lost about $900 million in revenue in one year as a result, according to Carter.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“In the case of almonds, China pivoted towards Australia. Australia can produce almonds; they increased their production and they have 0% tariffs,” Carter said. “[China] started increasing its own production of walnuts instead of buying them from California. It was a growing market, [and] California had a big market share that would have continued to grow, but that was all ruined.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, Trump awarded $16 billion in relief for affected farms. There was some rebound in the years between that trade war and the current one, but California never regained the dominance it once held.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, on top of a near halt on exports to China under \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/11/nx-s1-5361056/china-us-trade-war-tariffs-escalation\">its 125% levies\u003c/a>, trade wars with California’s other primary export partner in Canada, threaten the same lasting impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California agriculture ships fruits and vegetables, wine up to Canada, and that’s already impacted,” Carter said. Canada is the state’s number one importer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Canada imposed a 25% retaliatory tariff on U.S. wine. Instead of looking to California, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/Statistics/PDFs/2022-2023_california_agricultural_exports.pdf\">sent 34% of its exported wine\u003c/a> to the country in 2022, Canada is relying on Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if the trade war ebbs, “they may not come back to California,” Carter told KQED. “Trading in agriculture is a relationship that develops over time. And if one trading partner breaks that relationship, it doesn’t snap back overnight. It takes a long time to regain that trust.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Farmworkers ‘refusing to come out’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The industry’s workforce is also under significant threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrants made up at least 50% of the state’s farmworker population between 2010 and 2018, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/publication/health-care-access-among-californias-farmworkers/\">according to data\u003c/a> from the Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those farmworkers are increasingly anxious and fearful, according to Belinda Hernandez-Arriaga, the executive director of Ayudando Latinos A Soñar (ALAS), an advocacy nonprofit for farmworkers in Half Moon Bay. Even though Trump’s threat of mass deportations has not yet been widely carried out, the emotional and psychological fear it’s caused is already having effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11973461\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11973461\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240123-HMBShootingAnniversary-39-BL.jpg\" alt=\"A person with long hair stands in front of a group of people in a room painted bright orange.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240123-HMBShootingAnniversary-39-BL.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240123-HMBShootingAnniversary-39-BL-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240123-HMBShootingAnniversary-39-BL-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240123-HMBShootingAnniversary-39-BL-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240123-HMBShootingAnniversary-39-BL-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Belinda Hernandez-Arriaga speaks during a roundtable discussion at the ALAS Sueño Center in Half Moon Bay on Jan. 23, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There’s a group of farmworkers … here on the North Coast and they have told our team that they’re refusing to come out beyond just their work duties,” Hernandez-Arriaga said. “They don’t want to leave the farm. They don’t want to come out for other things in the community because they don’t want to be at risk, and they’re scared.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said that in the days immediately after actions like the raids in Kern County, people have stayed home from work, worried that their farms would be targets for Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials, or that they could be stopped at a gas station on their way home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While many immigrants were already fearful of ICE enforcement under the Biden administration, Hernandez-Arriaga said those she spoke to in Half Moon Bay didn’t feel like a target.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The current administration, she said, is “saying that they’re focusing on criminals, but that’s not what we’re seeing happening at all. In many ways, that’s what they’re using to market this increased deportation of immigrants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Farmers still on Trump’s side\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Amid the threats both to agricultural workers and the industry’s economic stability, Padilla said he has been working with farmers and speaking with Republican colleagues about the impacts of Trump’s policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blanket tariffs risk retaliation and could harm the farmers they try to protect, warned Shannon Douglass, president of the California Farm Bureau, which advocates for the state’s farmers and ranchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_127407\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1636px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-127407 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/02/4669193811.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1636\" height=\"961\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California’s agricultural industry could be devastated by dwindling exports due to retaliatory tariffs and the effect of immigration enforcement on farmworkers. \u003ccite>(Frederic J. Brown/AFP-Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A more strategic approach is targeted enforcement, not blanket tariffs,” she said in a statement. “Strengthening and enforcing provisions of trade agreements like USMCA, expanding export markets and ensuring fair competition through diplomatic discussions would likely protect California farmers without triggering unnecessary retaliation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Carter noted that Trump didn’t lose very much support from California farmers after his 2018–2019 trade war, and there hasn’t been a dramatic outpouring of opposition from them in recent months either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is a mystery,” Carter said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>He added that it could be because farmers believe they’ll benefit from the long-term effects of the tariff policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“President Trump and [trade advisor] Peter Navarro and [Secretary of Commerce Howard] Lutnick, I’ve seen them on CNN complaining about how U.S. agriculture’s ripped off in Canada, in Australia, in the European Union,” Carter said. “Actually, that’s just not correct.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said California exports 40% of its agricultural goods and that the U.S. has done well in recent decades because of lower trade barriers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other farmers are hoping that high prices will be worth it for less restricted water resources, he said. In January, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12023248/trump-again-wades-into-california-water-use-fight-drawing-skepticism-from-experts\">announced a “presidential action”\u003c/a> that directed the Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary of the Interior to develop a plan that would route more water from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta to dry parts of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he also \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/02/07/nx-s1-5287016/farmers-are-worried-after-trump-released-billions-of-gallons-of-water-in-california\">flushed 2 billion gallons of water\u003c/a> from dams in the Sierra Nevada foothills in February, claiming that it would help give Los Angeles and California “\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/02/07/nx-s1-5287016/farmers-are-worried-after-trump-released-billions-of-gallons-of-water-in-california\">virtually unlimited water\u003c/a>.” The fires had already been fully contained at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carter isn’t sure whether farmers will start to rethink their support for Trump if tariffs begin to make a bigger dent in their revenue, or if their workforce is decimated — as it would be should he carry out his threat of mass deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Trump] had a lot of support in the Central Valley, and even though they were harmed during the first trade war,” Carter told KQED. “It does make you wonder how much pain they’re willing to take.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"headTitle": "As Safe Spaces Shrink, Immigrant Youth Find Solace in ‘The Beautiful Game’ | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by \u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org/\">El Tímpano\u003c/a>, a bilingual nonprofit news outlet that amplifies the voices of Latino and Mayan immigrants in Oakland and the wider Bay Area. The original version of the story can be \u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org/english/immigrant-rights/as-safe-spaces-shrink-immigrant-youth-find-solace-in-the-beautiful-game/\">found here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the winter of 2019, Adelaida, an immigrant from Todos Santos, a rural region in the northern highlands of Guatemala, arrived in the Bay Area. The timing was not ideal. The then 12-year-old resettled in California just a few months before the pandemic shut down the kinds of communal spaces that could help a teenager adjust to a new life on the other side of the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooped up at home, Adelaida stumbled through her online classes. She struggled to make new friends. The lockdown made the already difficult acculturation process even slower. “I never had a chance to go out, explore what was out there,” she said in Spanish. “It was very hard to adjust.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the years passed, Adelaida’s sense of isolation persisted. She was navigating the routine stress of any teenager’s high school life—grades, homework, the social scene—all the while thousands of miles from the familiar comforts of home. Then, one afternoon last winter, while walking home from school, Adelaida caught a glimpse of a scene that filled her with longing. A group of girls, roughly her age, enjoying the simple pleasure of an outdoor soccer practice. “They were laughing, having fun, playing so freely,” she recalled. “And I thought: ‘I want that.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soccer, or the beautiful game, as it’s affectionately called, is a singular global institution. It’s \u003ca href=\"https://guides.loc.gov/sports-industry/soccer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">estimated\u003c/a> that upwards of 240 million people worldwide play it —roughly two-thirds the population of the U.S.—with a fan base that tops three billion. For its legion of devotees, the sport is transcendent: at once magic, religion, a language unto itself. For immigrant youth, the sport’s global appeal has served as a cultural bridge to their new homes, \u003ca href=\"https://globalsportmatters.com/youth/2019/12/02/research-shows-importance-of-sport-for-refugee-children/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">helping\u003c/a> them build friendships that can ease the resettlement process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039319\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/1-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-23-scaled-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039319\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/1-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-23-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/1-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-23-scaled-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/1-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-23-scaled-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/1-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-23-scaled-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/1-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-23-scaled-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/1-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-23-scaled-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/1-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-23-scaled-1-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maddy Boston, coach and program manager at Soccer Without Borders Bay Area, wraps her arms around a player who forgot to bring a jacket to practice on Thursday, March 20, 2025. \u003ccite>(Credit: Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/ Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These days, the field is also a quiet oasis from the current anti-immigrant moment in the U.S. Since January 20, the Trump administration has launched what it calls “the largest deportation operation in American history,” \u003ca href=\"https://immpolicytracking.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">issuing\u003c/a> more than 250 sweeping changes targeting the nation’s immigration system, including policies \u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org/newsletter/immigrant-youth-in-the-crosshairs-of-the-trump-administrations-crackdown/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">aimed\u003c/a> squarely at migrant youth—moves that have chilled immigrant communities and made everyday life more fraught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These changes have significant implications for immigrant youth in Alameda County, which has the second-largest population of unaccompanied minors in California, with more than 560 resettling in the community between October 2023 and June 2024, \u003ca href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/programs/social-services/unaccompanied-children-released-to-sponsors-by-county-june-2024.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">according\u003c/a> to the latest data. As the administration targets young migrants, community members are reporting heightened levels of fear and uncertainty, said Katie Annand, an attorney at Immigrant Legal Defense, which provides legal representation to immigrant youth living in Oakland. That sense of fear can fracture “the sense of belonging that they are working so hard to find,” she explained. Finding community through soccer, she added, helps repair those ruptures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As an example, Annand recalled recently asking a young client what activities brought him joy. When he mentioned soccer, she invited him to describe how the game made him feel. “And there was no hesitation,” Annand said. “His first words were: ‘I feel free.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-without-sanctuary-protections-safe-spaces-shrink\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u003cstrong>Without sanctuary protections, safe spaces shrink\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Since January 20, the administration has introduced a string of policies targeting migrant children. Officials have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/07/g-s1-52674/trump-detention-families\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">revived\u003c/a> family detention—a practice largely \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-detention-texas-border-c008c78469d85a7c1962a6b36ac29330\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ended\u003c/a> under the Biden administration and widely criticized for its psychological impact on children. They’ve announced \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-administration-directs-ice-agents-find-deport-unaccompanied-migrant-2025-02-23/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">plans\u003c/a> to deport and prosecute hundreds of thousands of unaccompanied minors, \u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org/newsletter/trump-cuts-legal-aid-for-unaccompanied-minors-leaving-thousands-in-california-at-risk/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">terminated\u003c/a> federally funded legal aid for those children, leaving some as young as two to navigate immigration court alone, and created a new data-sharing \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/02/14/g-s1-48979/ice-unaccompanied-minors-database\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">agreement\u003c/a> between Immigration and Customs Enforcement and the Office of Refugee Resettlement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That arrangement grants immigration agents access to personal data of children released to sponsors, as well as information about the sponsors themselves, who are often part of or connected to immigrant communities. The move could dissuade guardians from taking in children who arrive in the U.S. alone and erode the firewall between the Office of Refugee Resettlement and the Department of Homeland Security that the federal government previously maintained, said Sergio Perez, Executive Director of the Center for Human Rights and Constitutional Law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea by the Trump administration is: ‘Here’s a treasure trove of information that we can use to better understand where all the immigrants are and where to send our agents,’” Perez said. “If you are going to take in an undocumented child, you probably have some connection to that child—familial or societal. And if you yourself are part of an immigrant community, you might be less likely to do that, if you know ICE is suddenly going to be breathing down your neck.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039320\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-15-scaled-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039320\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-15-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-15-scaled-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-15-scaled-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-15-scaled-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-15-scaled-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-15-scaled-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-15-scaled-1-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of the team’s goalkeepers lies flat on the ground after their 3–1 victory on Saturday, March 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Credit: Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/ Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the same time, the administration has \u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org/newsletter/as-the-world-mourns-pope-francis-bay-area-immigrants-grapple-with-safety-in-the-pews/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">stripped\u003c/a> sanctuary protections from institutions once considered off-limits: schools and churches. The result, advocates warn, is a new layer of fear in spaces that once offered safety. Many expect this wave of policies to add another layer of emotional distress to an already difficult resettlement process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best way to respond, Perez argued, is to mobilize community in the broadest sense possible. That includes “city and county laws that protect information and those spaces as best as they can,” Perez said, as well as “civic society stepping up and saying: ‘Not here.’” Children, he added, “should be able to enjoy the sun. It’s better than being in the shadows.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-a-network-of-care-and-community-nbsp\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u003cstrong>A network of care and community\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039322\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/3-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-01-scaled-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039322\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/3-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-01-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/3-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-01-scaled-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/3-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-01-scaled-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/3-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-01-scaled-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/3-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-01-scaled-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/3-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-01-scaled-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/3-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-01-scaled-1-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teammates helping each other tie their cleats and open water bottles for the goalkeeper wearing gloves before the Saturday morning game, March 22, 2025.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Adelaida eventually found her place on the team. After passing the practice that day, she approached the coach and asked if she could join the program, which is run by the nonprofit Soccer Without Borders, which uses free soccer programming to help immigrant and refugee youth build ties to their new communities. Adelaida was brought on board, joining a squad of newcomer girls. She has since found solace in the world’s most popular sport. “It has helped me feel more integrated in this country,” Adelaida explained. She made friends on the team, which helped her feel more settled in her new home. The twin shocks of relocation and lockdown have faded. Now, Adelaida said, “ I feel at home. I say that I am from Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers and advocates who work closely with recent immigrants say soccer is one of the most effective and accessible tools for helping young people rebuild their sense of self after migration. Kristina Lovato, director of UC Berkeley’s Center on Immigrant Child Welfare, interviewed dozens of young adults and unaccompanied minors across California for a forthcoming study, including immigrant youth who joined organized soccer leagues. She was struck by how the game helped ease their transition. “It’s such a friendly way that immigrants can connect to one another, and for an hour and a half on the field, let go of the mental stress that is burdening their day,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This cognitive stress load is often exacerbated by the material demands of relocation, such as finding stable housing, securing employment, and repaying debts accrued during their journey. “Children arrive with a huge list of to-dos and are stressed from the minute they get here,” Lovato said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039325\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/4-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-07-scaled-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039325\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/4-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-07-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/4-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-07-scaled-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/4-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-07-scaled-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/4-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-07-scaled-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/4-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-07-scaled-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/4-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-07-scaled-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/4-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-07-scaled-1-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two players who combined for each of the team’s three goals celebrate their second before halftime on Thursday, March 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Credit: Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/ Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For many immigrant youth, the trauma of relocation captures just one emotional stage of migration. Ryan Matlow, a Stanford clinical psychologist who works with immigrant youth in the Bay Area, described numerous stages of psychological stress that accompany children across the arc of the migratory process: the trauma of leaving home, the trauma of the journey to the U.S., the trauma of crossing the border and the trauma of resettlement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rupture of leaving home can leave children unmoored and searching for a sense of belonging. For children who came from soccer-loving communities or households, the sport can help preserve their emotional ties to the countries and cultures they left behind, Matlow said. “Having opportunities to connect with practices and traditions that resonate with their cultural history is really valuable,” he explained. The social dynamics of team sports, Matlow added, can also provide emotional support during resettlement, helping children reestablish the sense of community they left behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Adelaida, Ana arrived in the U.S. just before the pandemic. In the early days, she was overcome by everyone she missed in Guatemala. She thought about her family and friends constantly as she tried to figure out her place in the East Bay. When school reopened, Ana decided to give soccer a try. Though she had never played before, she joined one of Soccer Without Borders’ girls’ leagues. The learning curve was steep but fulfilling. “I feel like I found my family here,” Ana said in Spanish. “Here, I feel safe. I keep meeting new people. I like to be here in this community. I have found the perfect place for myself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another player in the league said the field lets her briefly tune out from the stress of daily life. “I put everything aside and have fun,” she said in Spanish. “It’s a safe space for me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coaches and advocates emphasized the importance of maintaining emotionally safe environments as the political climate becomes more unwelcoming to immigrants. That means being attentive to how, and if, national politics are discussed on the field, explained Ye-Htet Soe, the program manager of the Bay Area chapter of Soccer Without Borders. “Some teams want to talk about it more, and others just want to play,” he said. For some players, bringing the administration or politics into team spaces risks damaging the psychological safety they offer. “The most important thing is creating a sense of belonging. And the way you do that through sports isn’t necessarily to talk about the issue at hand,” Soe continued. “Sometimes you need to let sport do its thing and create that sense of community, with an emphasis on fun and joy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-finding-a-voice-on-the-field\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u003cstrong>Finding a voice on the field\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039327\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/5-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-13-scaled-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039327\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/5-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-13-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/5-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-13-scaled-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/5-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-13-scaled-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/5-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-13-scaled-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/5-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-13-scaled-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/5-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-13-scaled-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/5-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-13-scaled-1-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The teams exchanged compliments during the post-game positivity circle on Saturday, March 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Credit: Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/ Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On a bright Saturday afternoon in mid-April, Ana and her teammates stood in a straight line in front of their opponents after the referee blew the game’s final whistle. It had been a close, nail-biter of a game; while the two teams were evenly matched, one squeaked by with a victory after a late goal in the second half of the game. Friends and family cheered and groaned from the sidelines. Players were flushed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maddy Boston, one of the team’s coaches and a program manager at Soccer Without Borders Bay Area, gathered both squads at midfield for a ritual known as the positivity circle. Each player shared their name, country of origin and a compliment for someone on the opposing team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boston kicked off the circle with a peppy post-game recap, then opened up the floor. Ana stepped forward, shyly, praising two players on the opposing team for their crisp passing and stamina. “I loved the way you play,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later, sitting on a bench, Adelaida reflected on what the team had given her. Being in the league had inspired a dream: she wanted to start a team of her own someday. “It all came from this team that helped me grow stronger as a person,” she said. Her ideal name for it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>United.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039328\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/6-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-24-scaled-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039328\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/6-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-24-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/6-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-24-scaled-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/6-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-24-scaled-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/6-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-24-scaled-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/6-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-24-scaled-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/6-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-24-scaled-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/6-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-24-scaled-1-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The players and coach end practice with their team chant on Thursday, March 20, 2025. \u003ccite>(Credit: Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/ Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Amid the Trump administration's immigration crackdown, soccer provides a refuge for young newcomers. ",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org/author/ehellerstein/\">Erica Hellerstein\u003c/a>, El Tímpano",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by \u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org/\">El Tímpano\u003c/a>, a bilingual nonprofit news outlet that amplifies the voices of Latino and Mayan immigrants in Oakland and the wider Bay Area. The original version of the story can be \u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org/english/immigrant-rights/as-safe-spaces-shrink-immigrant-youth-find-solace-in-the-beautiful-game/\">found here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the winter of 2019, Adelaida, an immigrant from Todos Santos, a rural region in the northern highlands of Guatemala, arrived in the Bay Area. The timing was not ideal. The then 12-year-old resettled in California just a few months before the pandemic shut down the kinds of communal spaces that could help a teenager adjust to a new life on the other side of the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooped up at home, Adelaida stumbled through her online classes. She struggled to make new friends. The lockdown made the already difficult acculturation process even slower. “I never had a chance to go out, explore what was out there,” she said in Spanish. “It was very hard to adjust.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the years passed, Adelaida’s sense of isolation persisted. She was navigating the routine stress of any teenager’s high school life—grades, homework, the social scene—all the while thousands of miles from the familiar comforts of home. Then, one afternoon last winter, while walking home from school, Adelaida caught a glimpse of a scene that filled her with longing. A group of girls, roughly her age, enjoying the simple pleasure of an outdoor soccer practice. “They were laughing, having fun, playing so freely,” she recalled. “And I thought: ‘I want that.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soccer, or the beautiful game, as it’s affectionately called, is a singular global institution. It’s \u003ca href=\"https://guides.loc.gov/sports-industry/soccer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">estimated\u003c/a> that upwards of 240 million people worldwide play it —roughly two-thirds the population of the U.S.—with a fan base that tops three billion. For its legion of devotees, the sport is transcendent: at once magic, religion, a language unto itself. For immigrant youth, the sport’s global appeal has served as a cultural bridge to their new homes, \u003ca href=\"https://globalsportmatters.com/youth/2019/12/02/research-shows-importance-of-sport-for-refugee-children/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">helping\u003c/a> them build friendships that can ease the resettlement process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039319\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/1-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-23-scaled-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039319\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/1-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-23-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/1-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-23-scaled-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/1-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-23-scaled-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/1-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-23-scaled-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/1-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-23-scaled-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/1-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-23-scaled-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/1-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-23-scaled-1-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maddy Boston, coach and program manager at Soccer Without Borders Bay Area, wraps her arms around a player who forgot to bring a jacket to practice on Thursday, March 20, 2025. \u003ccite>(Credit: Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/ Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These days, the field is also a quiet oasis from the current anti-immigrant moment in the U.S. Since January 20, the Trump administration has launched what it calls “the largest deportation operation in American history,” \u003ca href=\"https://immpolicytracking.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">issuing\u003c/a> more than 250 sweeping changes targeting the nation’s immigration system, including policies \u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org/newsletter/immigrant-youth-in-the-crosshairs-of-the-trump-administrations-crackdown/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">aimed\u003c/a> squarely at migrant youth—moves that have chilled immigrant communities and made everyday life more fraught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These changes have significant implications for immigrant youth in Alameda County, which has the second-largest population of unaccompanied minors in California, with more than 560 resettling in the community between October 2023 and June 2024, \u003ca href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/programs/social-services/unaccompanied-children-released-to-sponsors-by-county-june-2024.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">according\u003c/a> to the latest data. As the administration targets young migrants, community members are reporting heightened levels of fear and uncertainty, said Katie Annand, an attorney at Immigrant Legal Defense, which provides legal representation to immigrant youth living in Oakland. That sense of fear can fracture “the sense of belonging that they are working so hard to find,” she explained. Finding community through soccer, she added, helps repair those ruptures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As an example, Annand recalled recently asking a young client what activities brought him joy. When he mentioned soccer, she invited him to describe how the game made him feel. “And there was no hesitation,” Annand said. “His first words were: ‘I feel free.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-without-sanctuary-protections-safe-spaces-shrink\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u003cstrong>Without sanctuary protections, safe spaces shrink\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Since January 20, the administration has introduced a string of policies targeting migrant children. Officials have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/07/g-s1-52674/trump-detention-families\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">revived\u003c/a> family detention—a practice largely \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-detention-texas-border-c008c78469d85a7c1962a6b36ac29330\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ended\u003c/a> under the Biden administration and widely criticized for its psychological impact on children. They’ve announced \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-administration-directs-ice-agents-find-deport-unaccompanied-migrant-2025-02-23/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">plans\u003c/a> to deport and prosecute hundreds of thousands of unaccompanied minors, \u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org/newsletter/trump-cuts-legal-aid-for-unaccompanied-minors-leaving-thousands-in-california-at-risk/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">terminated\u003c/a> federally funded legal aid for those children, leaving some as young as two to navigate immigration court alone, and created a new data-sharing \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/02/14/g-s1-48979/ice-unaccompanied-minors-database\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">agreement\u003c/a> between Immigration and Customs Enforcement and the Office of Refugee Resettlement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That arrangement grants immigration agents access to personal data of children released to sponsors, as well as information about the sponsors themselves, who are often part of or connected to immigrant communities. The move could dissuade guardians from taking in children who arrive in the U.S. alone and erode the firewall between the Office of Refugee Resettlement and the Department of Homeland Security that the federal government previously maintained, said Sergio Perez, Executive Director of the Center for Human Rights and Constitutional Law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea by the Trump administration is: ‘Here’s a treasure trove of information that we can use to better understand where all the immigrants are and where to send our agents,’” Perez said. “If you are going to take in an undocumented child, you probably have some connection to that child—familial or societal. And if you yourself are part of an immigrant community, you might be less likely to do that, if you know ICE is suddenly going to be breathing down your neck.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039320\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-15-scaled-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039320\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-15-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-15-scaled-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-15-scaled-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-15-scaled-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-15-scaled-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-15-scaled-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/2-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-15-scaled-1-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of the team’s goalkeepers lies flat on the ground after their 3–1 victory on Saturday, March 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Credit: Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/ Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the same time, the administration has \u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org/newsletter/as-the-world-mourns-pope-francis-bay-area-immigrants-grapple-with-safety-in-the-pews/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">stripped\u003c/a> sanctuary protections from institutions once considered off-limits: schools and churches. The result, advocates warn, is a new layer of fear in spaces that once offered safety. Many expect this wave of policies to add another layer of emotional distress to an already difficult resettlement process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best way to respond, Perez argued, is to mobilize community in the broadest sense possible. That includes “city and county laws that protect information and those spaces as best as they can,” Perez said, as well as “civic society stepping up and saying: ‘Not here.’” Children, he added, “should be able to enjoy the sun. It’s better than being in the shadows.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-a-network-of-care-and-community-nbsp\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u003cstrong>A network of care and community\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039322\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/3-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-01-scaled-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039322\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/3-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-01-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/3-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-01-scaled-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/3-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-01-scaled-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/3-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-01-scaled-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/3-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-01-scaled-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/3-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-01-scaled-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/3-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-01-scaled-1-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teammates helping each other tie their cleats and open water bottles for the goalkeeper wearing gloves before the Saturday morning game, March 22, 2025.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Adelaida eventually found her place on the team. After passing the practice that day, she approached the coach and asked if she could join the program, which is run by the nonprofit Soccer Without Borders, which uses free soccer programming to help immigrant and refugee youth build ties to their new communities. Adelaida was brought on board, joining a squad of newcomer girls. She has since found solace in the world’s most popular sport. “It has helped me feel more integrated in this country,” Adelaida explained. She made friends on the team, which helped her feel more settled in her new home. The twin shocks of relocation and lockdown have faded. Now, Adelaida said, “ I feel at home. I say that I am from Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers and advocates who work closely with recent immigrants say soccer is one of the most effective and accessible tools for helping young people rebuild their sense of self after migration. Kristina Lovato, director of UC Berkeley’s Center on Immigrant Child Welfare, interviewed dozens of young adults and unaccompanied minors across California for a forthcoming study, including immigrant youth who joined organized soccer leagues. She was struck by how the game helped ease their transition. “It’s such a friendly way that immigrants can connect to one another, and for an hour and a half on the field, let go of the mental stress that is burdening their day,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This cognitive stress load is often exacerbated by the material demands of relocation, such as finding stable housing, securing employment, and repaying debts accrued during their journey. “Children arrive with a huge list of to-dos and are stressed from the minute they get here,” Lovato said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039325\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/4-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-07-scaled-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039325\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/4-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-07-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/4-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-07-scaled-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/4-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-07-scaled-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/4-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-07-scaled-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/4-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-07-scaled-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/4-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-07-scaled-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/4-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-07-scaled-1-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two players who combined for each of the team’s three goals celebrate their second before halftime on Thursday, March 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Credit: Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/ Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For many immigrant youth, the trauma of relocation captures just one emotional stage of migration. Ryan Matlow, a Stanford clinical psychologist who works with immigrant youth in the Bay Area, described numerous stages of psychological stress that accompany children across the arc of the migratory process: the trauma of leaving home, the trauma of the journey to the U.S., the trauma of crossing the border and the trauma of resettlement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rupture of leaving home can leave children unmoored and searching for a sense of belonging. For children who came from soccer-loving communities or households, the sport can help preserve their emotional ties to the countries and cultures they left behind, Matlow said. “Having opportunities to connect with practices and traditions that resonate with their cultural history is really valuable,” he explained. The social dynamics of team sports, Matlow added, can also provide emotional support during resettlement, helping children reestablish the sense of community they left behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Adelaida, Ana arrived in the U.S. just before the pandemic. In the early days, she was overcome by everyone she missed in Guatemala. She thought about her family and friends constantly as she tried to figure out her place in the East Bay. When school reopened, Ana decided to give soccer a try. Though she had never played before, she joined one of Soccer Without Borders’ girls’ leagues. The learning curve was steep but fulfilling. “I feel like I found my family here,” Ana said in Spanish. “Here, I feel safe. I keep meeting new people. I like to be here in this community. I have found the perfect place for myself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another player in the league said the field lets her briefly tune out from the stress of daily life. “I put everything aside and have fun,” she said in Spanish. “It’s a safe space for me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coaches and advocates emphasized the importance of maintaining emotionally safe environments as the political climate becomes more unwelcoming to immigrants. That means being attentive to how, and if, national politics are discussed on the field, explained Ye-Htet Soe, the program manager of the Bay Area chapter of Soccer Without Borders. “Some teams want to talk about it more, and others just want to play,” he said. For some players, bringing the administration or politics into team spaces risks damaging the psychological safety they offer. “The most important thing is creating a sense of belonging. And the way you do that through sports isn’t necessarily to talk about the issue at hand,” Soe continued. “Sometimes you need to let sport do its thing and create that sense of community, with an emphasis on fun and joy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-finding-a-voice-on-the-field\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u003cstrong>Finding a voice on the field\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039327\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/5-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-13-scaled-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039327\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/5-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-13-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/5-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-13-scaled-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/5-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-13-scaled-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/5-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-13-scaled-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/5-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-13-scaled-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/5-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-13-scaled-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/5-03.22.2025-SoccerGame-13-scaled-1-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The teams exchanged compliments during the post-game positivity circle on Saturday, March 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Credit: Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/ Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On a bright Saturday afternoon in mid-April, Ana and her teammates stood in a straight line in front of their opponents after the referee blew the game’s final whistle. It had been a close, nail-biter of a game; while the two teams were evenly matched, one squeaked by with a victory after a late goal in the second half of the game. Friends and family cheered and groaned from the sidelines. Players were flushed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maddy Boston, one of the team’s coaches and a program manager at Soccer Without Borders Bay Area, gathered both squads at midfield for a ritual known as the positivity circle. Each player shared their name, country of origin and a compliment for someone on the opposing team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boston kicked off the circle with a peppy post-game recap, then opened up the floor. Ana stepped forward, shyly, praising two players on the opposing team for their crisp passing and stamina. “I loved the way you play,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later, sitting on a bench, Adelaida reflected on what the team had given her. Being in the league had inspired a dream: she wanted to start a team of her own someday. “It all came from this team that helped me grow stronger as a person,” she said. Her ideal name for it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>United.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039328\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/6-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-24-scaled-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039328\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/6-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-24-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/6-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-24-scaled-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/6-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-24-scaled-1-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/6-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-24-scaled-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/6-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-24-scaled-1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/6-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-24-scaled-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/6-03.21.2025-SoccerPractice-24-scaled-1-1920x1278.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The players and coach end practice with their team chant on Thursday, March 20, 2025. \u003ccite>(Credit: Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/ Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Bay Area Democrats Decry Trump Administration’s ‘Outrageous’ Plan to Use Military Base for Immigration Detention",
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"content": "\u003cp>Two Bay Area Democratic members of Congress are demanding answers from U.S. Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth about a proposal, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037889/trump-administration-considers-immigration-detention-bay-area-military-base-records-show\">first reported by KQED\u003c/a>, to place an immigration detention facility on Travis Air Force Base in Fairfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. John Garamendi, whose district includes the base, said Travis is a key staging site from which U.S. military aid is flown to Ukraine and other parts of the world, a mission he said would be harmed if part of the base is turned over to the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is outrageous and it is inappropriate for the administration to use Travis Air Force Base as an immigration detention facility,” he told KQED. “There are dozens of flights that leave Travis every day, moving equipment, personnel and munitions around the world. It is an absolutely critical base.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garamendi was joined by Rep. Mike Thompson, whose district flanks the base on three sides, in sending a letter to Hegseth on Monday saying they are “deeply frustrated and gravely concerned” by reports of the proposed use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the questions they posed in the letter, Garamendi and Thompson asked:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>How diverting space and resources for a detention center would impact Travis’s operations;\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Whether military funds and personnel would be deployed for detention operations;\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>How the Department of Defense would ensure military personnel would not perform law enforcement activities.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Garamendi has expressed particular alarm in recent months that the Trump administration could be violating the Posse Comitatus Act, a 19th-century law that restricts federal troops from participating in civilian law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037935\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037935\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1181\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty-800x472.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty-1020x602.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty-160x94.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty-1536x907.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty-1920x1134.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Travis Air Force Base in Fairfield on Sept. 15, 2023. Rep. John Garamendi said he has “serious opposition” to using Travis Air Force base to lock up immigrants for deportation, a move he says would compromise military readiness and national security. \u003ccite>(Josh Edelson/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Assigning resources toward immigration enforcement risks blurring this crucial distinction and setting a concerning precedent for the use of military installations for purposes beyond their intended scope,” Garamendi and Thompson wrote in the letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Defense declined to respond to KQED’s request for comment on the letter, saying it would only reply to the authors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Congressmembers’ letter follows reporting based on a series of internal government emails obtained by KQED that show Defense and Homeland Security officials coordinating to evaluate several military installations, including Travis Air Force Base, for immigration detention and removal operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/02/24/nx-s1-5307156/immigration-dhs-memo-trump-migrant-detention-military-bases\">NPR reported\u003c/a> on an internal Homeland Security memo that described a plan to set up an immigration detention facility at Fort Bliss, near El Paso, Texas, and use it as a model for future sites on as many as 10 other military bases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, Garamendi and eight other Democratic members of Congress wrote to Hegseth and President Donald Trump with “staunch objection to plans to use our nation’s military installations as migrant detention centers.” A Defense official replied that Hegseth had already approved the Fort Bliss plan and said the department was actively coordinating with Homeland Security on other immigration enforcement efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12038872 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/gettyimages-2210243092-1020x680.jpeg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In support of DHS activities, DoD maintains strict oversight to ensure that such support does not degrade overall military readiness, operational availability, or the military’s ability to respond to global contingencies,” wrote Mark Roosevelt Ditlevson, Acting Assistant Secretary of Defense for Homeland Defense and Hemispheric Affairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The budget reconciliation bill, \u003ca href=\"https://breakingdefense.com/2025/04/hasc-approves-150b-defense-increase-as-gop-shuts-down-amendments-to-curb-hegseth-doge/\">recently passed\u003c/a> out of the House Armed Services Committee with unanimous Republican support, includes language explicitly authorizing the use of military resources for immigration purposes, according to Garamendi, who is a senior member of the committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the start of the year, Garamendi has repeatedly criticized other moves by the Trump administration to divert military resources from Travis and elsewhere to immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, Garamendi \u003ca href=\"https://garamendi.house.gov/sites/evo-subsites/garamendi.house.gov/files/evo-media-document/Letter-20250124-Military_and_EO_Deportation-1545.pdf\">wrote\u003c/a> to the Department of Defense challenging the use of military aircraft from Travis Air Force Base for deportation flights. And in February, Garamendi sent \u003ca href=\"https://garamendi.house.gov/sites/evo-subsites/garamendi.house.gov/files/evo-media-document/Letter-20250219-Travis-Medical-Deployment-GTMO.pdf\">a letter\u003c/a> raising concerns over a plan to deploy medical personnel from Travis Air Force Base’s David Grant Medical Center to the naval base at Guantanamo Bay for an immigration detention center there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flights appear to have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/politics/national-security/trump-deportation-flights-paused-cost-c37c577a\">halted\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.stripes.com/theaters/us/2025-03-05/military-deportation-flights%C2%A0migrants-17048119.html\">at least temporarily\u003c/a>. As to Guantanamo, the military has \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/05/05/us/politics/guantanamo-migrants-trump.html\">drastically scaled back\u003c/a> the planned detention operation there. And in a reply to Garamendi last month, Defense officials denied that medical personnel would be sent there from Travis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the Congress members were not letting up on their scrutiny or their criticism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are deeply alarmed by Trump’s blatant abuse of presidential power and his indifference to the rule of law,” Garamendi and Thompson said in a statement on Wednesday. “We will continue Congress’s oversight role and work to ensure the American people understand the unlawful, wasteful, and dangerous path Trump is pursuing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Two Bay Area Democratic members of Congress are demanding answers from U.S. Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth about a proposal, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037889/trump-administration-considers-immigration-detention-bay-area-military-base-records-show\">first reported by KQED\u003c/a>, to place an immigration detention facility on Travis Air Force Base in Fairfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. John Garamendi, whose district includes the base, said Travis is a key staging site from which U.S. military aid is flown to Ukraine and other parts of the world, a mission he said would be harmed if part of the base is turned over to the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is outrageous and it is inappropriate for the administration to use Travis Air Force Base as an immigration detention facility,” he told KQED. “There are dozens of flights that leave Travis every day, moving equipment, personnel and munitions around the world. It is an absolutely critical base.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garamendi was joined by Rep. Mike Thompson, whose district flanks the base on three sides, in sending a letter to Hegseth on Monday saying they are “deeply frustrated and gravely concerned” by reports of the proposed use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the questions they posed in the letter, Garamendi and Thompson asked:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>How diverting space and resources for a detention center would impact Travis’s operations;\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Whether military funds and personnel would be deployed for detention operations;\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>How the Department of Defense would ensure military personnel would not perform law enforcement activities.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Garamendi has expressed particular alarm in recent months that the Trump administration could be violating the Posse Comitatus Act, a 19th-century law that restricts federal troops from participating in civilian law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037935\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037935\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1181\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty-800x472.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty-1020x602.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty-160x94.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty-1536x907.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty-1920x1134.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Travis Air Force Base in Fairfield on Sept. 15, 2023. Rep. John Garamendi said he has “serious opposition” to using Travis Air Force base to lock up immigrants for deportation, a move he says would compromise military readiness and national security. \u003ccite>(Josh Edelson/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Assigning resources toward immigration enforcement risks blurring this crucial distinction and setting a concerning precedent for the use of military installations for purposes beyond their intended scope,” Garamendi and Thompson wrote in the letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Defense declined to respond to KQED’s request for comment on the letter, saying it would only reply to the authors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Congressmembers’ letter follows reporting based on a series of internal government emails obtained by KQED that show Defense and Homeland Security officials coordinating to evaluate several military installations, including Travis Air Force Base, for immigration detention and removal operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/02/24/nx-s1-5307156/immigration-dhs-memo-trump-migrant-detention-military-bases\">NPR reported\u003c/a> on an internal Homeland Security memo that described a plan to set up an immigration detention facility at Fort Bliss, near El Paso, Texas, and use it as a model for future sites on as many as 10 other military bases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, Garamendi and eight other Democratic members of Congress wrote to Hegseth and President Donald Trump with “staunch objection to plans to use our nation’s military installations as migrant detention centers.” A Defense official replied that Hegseth had already approved the Fort Bliss plan and said the department was actively coordinating with Homeland Security on other immigration enforcement efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In support of DHS activities, DoD maintains strict oversight to ensure that such support does not degrade overall military readiness, operational availability, or the military’s ability to respond to global contingencies,” wrote Mark Roosevelt Ditlevson, Acting Assistant Secretary of Defense for Homeland Defense and Hemispheric Affairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The budget reconciliation bill, \u003ca href=\"https://breakingdefense.com/2025/04/hasc-approves-150b-defense-increase-as-gop-shuts-down-amendments-to-curb-hegseth-doge/\">recently passed\u003c/a> out of the House Armed Services Committee with unanimous Republican support, includes language explicitly authorizing the use of military resources for immigration purposes, according to Garamendi, who is a senior member of the committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the start of the year, Garamendi has repeatedly criticized other moves by the Trump administration to divert military resources from Travis and elsewhere to immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, Garamendi \u003ca href=\"https://garamendi.house.gov/sites/evo-subsites/garamendi.house.gov/files/evo-media-document/Letter-20250124-Military_and_EO_Deportation-1545.pdf\">wrote\u003c/a> to the Department of Defense challenging the use of military aircraft from Travis Air Force Base for deportation flights. And in February, Garamendi sent \u003ca href=\"https://garamendi.house.gov/sites/evo-subsites/garamendi.house.gov/files/evo-media-document/Letter-20250219-Travis-Medical-Deployment-GTMO.pdf\">a letter\u003c/a> raising concerns over a plan to deploy medical personnel from Travis Air Force Base’s David Grant Medical Center to the naval base at Guantanamo Bay for an immigration detention center there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flights appear to have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/politics/national-security/trump-deportation-flights-paused-cost-c37c577a\">halted\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.stripes.com/theaters/us/2025-03-05/military-deportation-flights%C2%A0migrants-17048119.html\">at least temporarily\u003c/a>. As to Guantanamo, the military has \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/05/05/us/politics/guantanamo-migrants-trump.html\">drastically scaled back\u003c/a> the planned detention operation there. And in a reply to Garamendi last month, Defense officials denied that medical personnel would be sent there from Travis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the Congress members were not letting up on their scrutiny or their criticism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are deeply alarmed by Trump’s blatant abuse of presidential power and his indifference to the rule of law,” Garamendi and Thompson said in a statement on Wednesday. “We will continue Congress’s oversight role and work to ensure the American people understand the unlawful, wasteful, and dangerous path Trump is pursuing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "what-can-you-do-if-cbp-asks-to-see-your-phone",
"title": "Traveling Internationally? What to Know About Airport Phone Searches at the US Border",
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"headTitle": "Traveling Internationally? What to Know About Airport Phone Searches at the US Border | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the past few weeks, several U.S. citizens have shared their experiences being detained by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/customs-and-border-protection\">Customs and Border Protection\u003c/a> when reentering the country — and of having their cell phones searched in the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Amir Makled \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/09/nx-s1-5357455/attorney-detained-by-immigration-authorities\">was held by CBP for hours\u003c/a> when he landed at Detroit Metro Airport in Michigan after a family vacation in the Dominican Republic. Bachir Atallah, also a lawyer, told journalists that officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhpr.org/nh-news/2025-04-18/a-new-england-attorney-is-pursuing-legal-action-after-being-held-at-the-vermont-canadian-border\">detained him and his wife\u003c/a> without any explanation at the Vermont-Canadian border. In both accounts, the men said they reluctantly allowed CBP agents to look through their phones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another high-profile incident, the government of France said that \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/french-scientist-banned-us-entry-messages-trump-2047549\">a French scientist trying to enter the U.S. to attend a conference was denied entry\u003c/a> after a CBP agent searched the man’s phone and found messages with colleagues and friends in which he expressed opinions on President Donald Trump’s administration and its research policy. In a post on X, \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/TriciaOhio/status/1902881013220385220\">the U.S. Department of Homeland Security denied the\u003c/a> claim that his removal was based on political beliefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP officials have long \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/travel/cbp-search-authority/border-search-electronic-devices\">searched the personal electronic devices\u003c/a> — including phones, computers and cameras — of people at the U.S. border, which includes ports of entry like airports, land borders and sea ports. According to the agency, officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/2024-11/Border%20Search%20of%20Electronics%20at%20Ports%20of%20Entry%20FY%2024%20Statistics%20%28508%29.pdf\">searched through more than 47,000 devices\u003c/a> in 2024 alone. Although CBP characterizes the practice as rare, the agency’s own data shows that searches \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/717f33b1ee244594950ee39731d9fcea\">have increased consistently over the years\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no data publicly available yet for searches during the second Trump administration, although CBP spokesperson Hilton Beckham rejected the idea that “CBP is searching more electronic media due to the administration change,” and insisted that “allegations that political beliefs trigger inspections or removals are baseless and irresponsible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11970474\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11970474\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A driver's view of cars on a road moving towards a large building that says "San Francisco International."\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ali Asghar drives to a second waiting area for taxi drivers before being dispatched to the terminals to pick up passengers at San Francisco International Airport on Sept. 25, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But amid large-scale \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034742/california-students-visa-cancellations-sue-trump-administration\">denials of visas to international students\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.the-independent.com/travel/news-and-advice/usa-travel-advice-visa-ice-b2737431.html\">detention of tourists to the U.S.\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/what-records-show-about-migrants-sent-to-salvadoran-prison-60-minutes-transcript/\">deportations of immigrants\u003c/a> — and even \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4g8yj2n33yo\">some U.S. citizens\u003c/a> — more people are feeling anxious about crossing into the United States in 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading to learn more about how phone searches at the U.S. border work, what legal protections you have — and don’t have — when CBP officials ask to see your phone during international travel, and the possible consequences of refusing to comply with a search, especially for noncitizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Please bear in mind that the following is not legal advice, and advocates emphasize that you should \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013522/free-legal-aid-in-the-bay-area-how-it-works-where-to-find-it\">always seek legal advice about your individual situation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What gives CBP the power to look through my phone?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-4/\">Fourth Amendment\u003c/a> of the U.S. Constitution establishes that all individuals have the right to be secure “from unreasonable searches and seizure” in their person, homes, documentation, and belongings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that if government officials — like your local police department or a federal agency — want to search your home as part of an investigation, \u003ca href=\"https://constitutioncenter.org/the-constitution/amendments/amendment-iv/interpretations/121\">they would need a warrant\u003c/a>, usually provided by a judge. “But at the border, that changes,” said Tom McBrien, counsel at the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://epic.org/about/\">Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12034742 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-72_qed-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, the federal government \u003ca href=\"https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/vlr/vol66/iss5/1/\">has argued that certain privacy protections\u003c/a> should be waived in situations where national security may be at risk — and many courts have been receptive to this argument, McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In circumstances away from the border, “the courts recognize that the interest in enforcing the laws is strong, but so are people’s rights to privacy,” he said. But at the border and other points of entry, like an airport, the courts have “accepted the idea that national security is so important that it’s kind of a thumb on the scale in favor of being able to search people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This national security exception is what lets officials at the border search through your personal belongings — but groups that advocate for privacy and civil liberties insist that this exception gives the government too much power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The traditional justification for letting government agents freely access people’s luggage isn’t really appropriate for looking at digital data,” said Sophia Cope, senior staff attorney at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/\">Electronic Frontier Foundation\u003c/a>. “But the courts haven’t been fully convinced of that argument.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are the risks of refusing to comply with a CBP phone search?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If CBP wants to search your device, \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-5/\">the Fifth Amendment\u003c/a> allows citizens and noncitizens alike to “refuse to give them the password to unlock the phone or an account,” McBrien said. “And they can’t force you to do that until they get a warrant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are risks to this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“U.S. citizens have the most leverage — not a ton — but the most to not comply” with a search, Cope said. While CBP agents can detain you for several hours or \u003ca href=\"#takeyourphone\">take your phone\u003c/a> for an extended period of time, at some point, they have to let you back into the country as a citizen, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you are in the U.S. with a green card or short-term visa — like a student or tourist visa — and you refuse to unlock your phone during a secondary inspection, CBP can \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/wp/digital-privacy-us-border-2017#footnote1_y2jgkbj\">block you from entering the U.S.\u003c/a>, even if you live here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if you \u003cem>do\u003c/em> comply with law enforcement, if CBP agents don’t like what they see on your phone — for whatever reason — they “can detain you, or just turn you around and force you to exit the country” if you’re a green card or visa holder, McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also noted that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12035483/trump-administration-lays-out-its-evidence-for-deporting-activist-mahmoud-khalil\">the March arrest of student activist and green card holder Mahmoud Khalil\u003c/a> by USCIS has raised serious concerns among immigration advocates and legal scholars about how the federal government is attempting to deport permanent residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What kind of phone searches can CBP carry out — with or without a warrant?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Manual’ or ‘basic’ media searches\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a manual or basic media search, officials could be “grabbing your device, thumbing through it and looking for whatever they can find,” McBrien said. It can also include looking through your social media accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to CBP data, this is \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/2024-11/Border%20Search%20of%20Electronics%20at%20Ports%20of%20Entry%20FY%2024%20Statistics%20%28508%29.pdf\">the most common type of search\u003c/a>, representing over 90% of the searches registered in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A warrant is not required for this type of search, but CBP agents expect you to unlock your phone if this search takes place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Forensic’ or ‘advanced’ media searches\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this instance, an officer will usually connect your phone to another device. “That essentially allows them to either download all the content to look through it, or directly type in search terms to more powerfully screen through the phone,” McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some instances, agents can perform a forensic or advanced media search without needing you to unlock your device.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12027050 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1808440413-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP is also expected to follow certain rules around searches depending on \u003cem>where \u003c/em>the port of entry, like an airport, is located. Travelers arriving at the U.S. border in California have additional protections because of a 2019 ruling by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit — which presides over California, along with eight other western states — that agents can’t look in a device for anything other than “digital contraband.” (According to CBP, this could include \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/travel/cbp-search-authority/border-search-electronic-devices\">child pornography, classified materials or export-controlled information\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that a CBP agent in California can “look in the photos app of a phone, emails, email or text message \u003cem>attachments\u003c/em>,” said Cope, attorney with the Electronic Frontier Foundation. “But they can’t read the text messages. They can’t read emails. They can’t look at call logs, because call logs don’t have attachments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Ninth Circuit court has also ruled that an advanced search “requires reasonable suspicion that the traveler is involved in some kind of illegal activity,” Cope said. And if officials don’t have \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/reasonable_suspicion\">reasonable suspicion\u003c/a> to conduct an advanced search, “they’re going to have to get a warrant,” Cope said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What about my social media activity?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In many instances, CBP agents can look at your public social media accounts if they gain access to your phone, which has \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/DrewPavlou/status/1912380116321358274\">led many online to worry they could face consequences for having posted social media content \u003c/a>that is critical of the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear if CBP is sharing the data its agents retrieve with other immigration agencies like U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, which has publicly stated that it will begin \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/newsroom/news-releases/dhs-to-begin-screening-aliens-social-media-activity-for-antisemitism\">screening the social media activity of noncitizens\u003c/a> applying for an immigration status for “antisemitic activity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has already asked other government offices, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12035735/what-we-now-know-about-the-irs-ice-tax-data-deal\">like the Internal Revenue Service\u003c/a>, for data to enforce its immigration agenda. “Searching or gathering information for one purpose and then using it for another … we see that as being very dangerous and inappropriate,” McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>When can CBP seize my device?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Device seizures can happen in a variety of situations, but one situation that McBrien has seen before is when CBP agents confiscate a locked phone from someone who has refused to share their password.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though citizens and noncitizens alike technically have \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-5/\">the constitutional right to refuse to unlock their phones for CBP\u003c/a>, agents could then seize your phone “and hold onto that for days, weeks, even months at that point,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McBrien added that you could be more vulnerable if you use facial recognition (like an iPhone’s Face ID) to unlock your phone, as legal precedent allows law enforcement \u003ca href=\"https://idtechwire.com/fifth-amendment-does-not-protect-against-biometric-phone-unlock-says-9th-circuit-appeals-court/\">to wave your phone in front of your face to unlock it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your device \u003cem>is \u003c/em>seized, McBrien recommends asking officials for a receipt that includes the name and contact information of the federal agent you can call to keep up with the status of your device – essentially, “a paper trail so that you can prove that they have your device.” The American Civil Liberties Union also recommends you \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/our-work/know-your-rights/know-your-rights-us-airports-and-ports-entry\">document the names of any officers you interact with\u003c/a>, as well as their badge numbers and the name of the agency they work for.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What will \u003cem>you \u003c/em>do if CBP asks to search your phone?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>EFF’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/wp/digital-privacy-us-border-2017#footnote1_y2jgkbj\">comprehensive ‘Digital Privacy at the U.S. Border’ guide\u003c/a> explains how to best protect your personal electronic data before, during and after passing through the U.S. border. But “everyone should have a plan \u003cem>before \u003c/em>they leave on their trip,” Cope said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of making that plan, she said, is knowing exactly what you will do and say if you are pulled into a \u003ca href=\"https://ois.usc.edu/students/travel/u-s-customs-and-border-protection-cbp-inspection-process/\">secondary inspection\u003c/a> — that is, if you are asked to step aside at the CBP checkpoint and follow another agent to a separate area, where you may be asked to unlock your phone. This is a key decision point, Cope said, “because there are consequences” depending on whether you choose to comply or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12035489 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/250319-UCBerkeleyProtest-03-BL-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many, their decision will depend on their immigration status in the U.S. and the very real risks of refusing to unlock their phone as a noncitizen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You could also be steered by the type of data you have on your phone. Is it a work phone? Are you in a position to share it with law enforcement? And if CBP confiscates your phone, can you continue your job or daily functions without it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you plan to comply, remember that at that moment, it may be unclear how much of your personal information officers will try to access on your phone. This could be especially tricky if your phone contains sensitive or confidential information. For example, a doctor may have data about their patients or a lawyer about their clients, as was the case with attorneys \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/09/nx-s1-5357455/attorney-detained-by-immigration-authorities\">Amir Makled\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhpr.org/nh-news/2025-04-18/a-new-england-attorney-is-pursuing-legal-action-after-being-held-at-the-vermont-canadian-border\">Bachir Atallah\u003c/a>, whose phones contained privileged client information when CBP searched them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you refuse to provide your password, remember that officials can still \u003ca id=\"takeyourphone\">\u003c/a>seize your phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What do experts and advocates recommend for travelers entering the U.S. right now?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Being detained, denied entry to the U.S., or having confidential information on your phone seized: If these worst-case scenarios are “something that you’re unwilling to risk, then you should think about mitigation measures,” McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leaving personal devices at home is one way to avoid these interactions with law enforcement altogether. But if bringing your cell phone or laptop is essential, McBrien said — as it is for many travelers — you can also “look into ways to protect the data that is on those devices, both by taking sensitive information off the device or storing it somewhere else,” McBrien said. If you plan to travel with a device provided to you by your employer, EFF recommends \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/wp/digital-privacy-us-border-2017#talk-employer\">talking to your employer about data security before traveling\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cope has seen people travel with a “burner phone” — a phone you only use when travelling that doesn’t carry any personal or significant information. “But that also might raise questions,” she said. “‘What are you trying to hide?’ ‘Why isn’t this your real phone?’ So people need to be ready for that conversation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of whether you choose to comply with a phone search, Cope recommended backing up your data — to the cloud or another way — before you encounter CBP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you do comply, the data might get corrupted if they try to do a forensic search,” she said. “If you \u003cem>don’t \u003c/em>comply, then maybe you will lose that data if your device is confiscated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re worried about losing your phone at the border to a seizure, consider bringing several emergency contact numbers written in a notebook or similar, so that you can contact loved ones — or \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034703/what-should-international-students-on-visas-and-green-cards-know-right-now\">an immigration lawyer\u003c/a> — without having access to your phone’s contact list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12038094 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2204718967-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McBrien also said it’s “a really good idea for people to have friends and family know when they are planning on crossing a border or coming into an airport — so that if they’re not heard from quickly, people in their lives are aware and can reach out to someone for help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, any plan you make has to address concerns specific to your specific legal status and what type of information you carry with you, Cope said. “What’s important to understand is that one size doesn’t fit all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>More reading and resources\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/wp/digital-privacy-us-border-2017#footnote1_y2jgkbj\">Read more about digital privacy protections at the border in EFF’s guide.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013522/free-legal-aid-in-the-bay-area-how-it-works-where-to-find-it\">a guide on how to find free or low-cost legal aid in the Bay Area\u003c/a>, including those who provide immigration services. Keep in mind that many of these groups have limited resources and may not be able to provide assistance immediately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bar Association in San Francisco \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfbar.org/lris/immigration-lawyers/\">keeps a database of private immigration lawyers\u003c/a> in San Francisco and Marin counties and \u003ca href=\"https://lrsconnect.org/\">refers those living elsewhere to LRS Connect, a nonprofit search tool\u003c/a> set up to connect individuals with lawyers specific to their needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Amid large-scale denials of visas to international students and the detention of tourists to the U.S., as well as the deportation of U.S. citizens, more immigrants and citizens alike are feeling anxious about passing over the U.S. border.",
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"title": "Traveling Internationally? What to Know About Airport Phone Searches at the US Border | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the past few weeks, several U.S. citizens have shared their experiences being detained by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/customs-and-border-protection\">Customs and Border Protection\u003c/a> when reentering the country — and of having their cell phones searched in the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Amir Makled \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/09/nx-s1-5357455/attorney-detained-by-immigration-authorities\">was held by CBP for hours\u003c/a> when he landed at Detroit Metro Airport in Michigan after a family vacation in the Dominican Republic. Bachir Atallah, also a lawyer, told journalists that officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhpr.org/nh-news/2025-04-18/a-new-england-attorney-is-pursuing-legal-action-after-being-held-at-the-vermont-canadian-border\">detained him and his wife\u003c/a> without any explanation at the Vermont-Canadian border. In both accounts, the men said they reluctantly allowed CBP agents to look through their phones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another high-profile incident, the government of France said that \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/french-scientist-banned-us-entry-messages-trump-2047549\">a French scientist trying to enter the U.S. to attend a conference was denied entry\u003c/a> after a CBP agent searched the man’s phone and found messages with colleagues and friends in which he expressed opinions on President Donald Trump’s administration and its research policy. In a post on X, \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/TriciaOhio/status/1902881013220385220\">the U.S. Department of Homeland Security denied the\u003c/a> claim that his removal was based on political beliefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP officials have long \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/travel/cbp-search-authority/border-search-electronic-devices\">searched the personal electronic devices\u003c/a> — including phones, computers and cameras — of people at the U.S. border, which includes ports of entry like airports, land borders and sea ports. According to the agency, officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/2024-11/Border%20Search%20of%20Electronics%20at%20Ports%20of%20Entry%20FY%2024%20Statistics%20%28508%29.pdf\">searched through more than 47,000 devices\u003c/a> in 2024 alone. Although CBP characterizes the practice as rare, the agency’s own data shows that searches \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/717f33b1ee244594950ee39731d9fcea\">have increased consistently over the years\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no data publicly available yet for searches during the second Trump administration, although CBP spokesperson Hilton Beckham rejected the idea that “CBP is searching more electronic media due to the administration change,” and insisted that “allegations that political beliefs trigger inspections or removals are baseless and irresponsible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11970474\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11970474\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A driver's view of cars on a road moving towards a large building that says "San Francisco International."\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ali Asghar drives to a second waiting area for taxi drivers before being dispatched to the terminals to pick up passengers at San Francisco International Airport on Sept. 25, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But amid large-scale \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034742/california-students-visa-cancellations-sue-trump-administration\">denials of visas to international students\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.the-independent.com/travel/news-and-advice/usa-travel-advice-visa-ice-b2737431.html\">detention of tourists to the U.S.\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/what-records-show-about-migrants-sent-to-salvadoran-prison-60-minutes-transcript/\">deportations of immigrants\u003c/a> — and even \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4g8yj2n33yo\">some U.S. citizens\u003c/a> — more people are feeling anxious about crossing into the United States in 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading to learn more about how phone searches at the U.S. border work, what legal protections you have — and don’t have — when CBP officials ask to see your phone during international travel, and the possible consequences of refusing to comply with a search, especially for noncitizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Please bear in mind that the following is not legal advice, and advocates emphasize that you should \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013522/free-legal-aid-in-the-bay-area-how-it-works-where-to-find-it\">always seek legal advice about your individual situation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What gives CBP the power to look through my phone?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-4/\">Fourth Amendment\u003c/a> of the U.S. Constitution establishes that all individuals have the right to be secure “from unreasonable searches and seizure” in their person, homes, documentation, and belongings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that if government officials — like your local police department or a federal agency — want to search your home as part of an investigation, \u003ca href=\"https://constitutioncenter.org/the-constitution/amendments/amendment-iv/interpretations/121\">they would need a warrant\u003c/a>, usually provided by a judge. “But at the border, that changes,” said Tom McBrien, counsel at the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://epic.org/about/\">Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, the federal government \u003ca href=\"https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/vlr/vol66/iss5/1/\">has argued that certain privacy protections\u003c/a> should be waived in situations where national security may be at risk — and many courts have been receptive to this argument, McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In circumstances away from the border, “the courts recognize that the interest in enforcing the laws is strong, but so are people’s rights to privacy,” he said. But at the border and other points of entry, like an airport, the courts have “accepted the idea that national security is so important that it’s kind of a thumb on the scale in favor of being able to search people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This national security exception is what lets officials at the border search through your personal belongings — but groups that advocate for privacy and civil liberties insist that this exception gives the government too much power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The traditional justification for letting government agents freely access people’s luggage isn’t really appropriate for looking at digital data,” said Sophia Cope, senior staff attorney at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/\">Electronic Frontier Foundation\u003c/a>. “But the courts haven’t been fully convinced of that argument.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are the risks of refusing to comply with a CBP phone search?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If CBP wants to search your device, \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-5/\">the Fifth Amendment\u003c/a> allows citizens and noncitizens alike to “refuse to give them the password to unlock the phone or an account,” McBrien said. “And they can’t force you to do that until they get a warrant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are risks to this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“U.S. citizens have the most leverage — not a ton — but the most to not comply” with a search, Cope said. While CBP agents can detain you for several hours or \u003ca href=\"#takeyourphone\">take your phone\u003c/a> for an extended period of time, at some point, they have to let you back into the country as a citizen, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you are in the U.S. with a green card or short-term visa — like a student or tourist visa — and you refuse to unlock your phone during a secondary inspection, CBP can \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/wp/digital-privacy-us-border-2017#footnote1_y2jgkbj\">block you from entering the U.S.\u003c/a>, even if you live here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if you \u003cem>do\u003c/em> comply with law enforcement, if CBP agents don’t like what they see on your phone — for whatever reason — they “can detain you, or just turn you around and force you to exit the country” if you’re a green card or visa holder, McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also noted that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12035483/trump-administration-lays-out-its-evidence-for-deporting-activist-mahmoud-khalil\">the March arrest of student activist and green card holder Mahmoud Khalil\u003c/a> by USCIS has raised serious concerns among immigration advocates and legal scholars about how the federal government is attempting to deport permanent residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What kind of phone searches can CBP carry out — with or without a warrant?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Manual’ or ‘basic’ media searches\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a manual or basic media search, officials could be “grabbing your device, thumbing through it and looking for whatever they can find,” McBrien said. It can also include looking through your social media accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to CBP data, this is \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/2024-11/Border%20Search%20of%20Electronics%20at%20Ports%20of%20Entry%20FY%2024%20Statistics%20%28508%29.pdf\">the most common type of search\u003c/a>, representing over 90% of the searches registered in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A warrant is not required for this type of search, but CBP agents expect you to unlock your phone if this search takes place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Forensic’ or ‘advanced’ media searches\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this instance, an officer will usually connect your phone to another device. “That essentially allows them to either download all the content to look through it, or directly type in search terms to more powerfully screen through the phone,” McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some instances, agents can perform a forensic or advanced media search without needing you to unlock your device.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP is also expected to follow certain rules around searches depending on \u003cem>where \u003c/em>the port of entry, like an airport, is located. Travelers arriving at the U.S. border in California have additional protections because of a 2019 ruling by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit — which presides over California, along with eight other western states — that agents can’t look in a device for anything other than “digital contraband.” (According to CBP, this could include \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/travel/cbp-search-authority/border-search-electronic-devices\">child pornography, classified materials or export-controlled information\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that a CBP agent in California can “look in the photos app of a phone, emails, email or text message \u003cem>attachments\u003c/em>,” said Cope, attorney with the Electronic Frontier Foundation. “But they can’t read the text messages. They can’t read emails. They can’t look at call logs, because call logs don’t have attachments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Ninth Circuit court has also ruled that an advanced search “requires reasonable suspicion that the traveler is involved in some kind of illegal activity,” Cope said. And if officials don’t have \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/reasonable_suspicion\">reasonable suspicion\u003c/a> to conduct an advanced search, “they’re going to have to get a warrant,” Cope said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What about my social media activity?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In many instances, CBP agents can look at your public social media accounts if they gain access to your phone, which has \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/DrewPavlou/status/1912380116321358274\">led many online to worry they could face consequences for having posted social media content \u003c/a>that is critical of the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear if CBP is sharing the data its agents retrieve with other immigration agencies like U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, which has publicly stated that it will begin \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/newsroom/news-releases/dhs-to-begin-screening-aliens-social-media-activity-for-antisemitism\">screening the social media activity of noncitizens\u003c/a> applying for an immigration status for “antisemitic activity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has already asked other government offices, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12035735/what-we-now-know-about-the-irs-ice-tax-data-deal\">like the Internal Revenue Service\u003c/a>, for data to enforce its immigration agenda. “Searching or gathering information for one purpose and then using it for another … we see that as being very dangerous and inappropriate,” McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>When can CBP seize my device?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Device seizures can happen in a variety of situations, but one situation that McBrien has seen before is when CBP agents confiscate a locked phone from someone who has refused to share their password.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though citizens and noncitizens alike technically have \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-5/\">the constitutional right to refuse to unlock their phones for CBP\u003c/a>, agents could then seize your phone “and hold onto that for days, weeks, even months at that point,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McBrien added that you could be more vulnerable if you use facial recognition (like an iPhone’s Face ID) to unlock your phone, as legal precedent allows law enforcement \u003ca href=\"https://idtechwire.com/fifth-amendment-does-not-protect-against-biometric-phone-unlock-says-9th-circuit-appeals-court/\">to wave your phone in front of your face to unlock it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your device \u003cem>is \u003c/em>seized, McBrien recommends asking officials for a receipt that includes the name and contact information of the federal agent you can call to keep up with the status of your device – essentially, “a paper trail so that you can prove that they have your device.” The American Civil Liberties Union also recommends you \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/our-work/know-your-rights/know-your-rights-us-airports-and-ports-entry\">document the names of any officers you interact with\u003c/a>, as well as their badge numbers and the name of the agency they work for.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What will \u003cem>you \u003c/em>do if CBP asks to search your phone?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>EFF’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/wp/digital-privacy-us-border-2017#footnote1_y2jgkbj\">comprehensive ‘Digital Privacy at the U.S. Border’ guide\u003c/a> explains how to best protect your personal electronic data before, during and after passing through the U.S. border. But “everyone should have a plan \u003cem>before \u003c/em>they leave on their trip,” Cope said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of making that plan, she said, is knowing exactly what you will do and say if you are pulled into a \u003ca href=\"https://ois.usc.edu/students/travel/u-s-customs-and-border-protection-cbp-inspection-process/\">secondary inspection\u003c/a> — that is, if you are asked to step aside at the CBP checkpoint and follow another agent to a separate area, where you may be asked to unlock your phone. This is a key decision point, Cope said, “because there are consequences” depending on whether you choose to comply or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many, their decision will depend on their immigration status in the U.S. and the very real risks of refusing to unlock their phone as a noncitizen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You could also be steered by the type of data you have on your phone. Is it a work phone? Are you in a position to share it with law enforcement? And if CBP confiscates your phone, can you continue your job or daily functions without it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you plan to comply, remember that at that moment, it may be unclear how much of your personal information officers will try to access on your phone. This could be especially tricky if your phone contains sensitive or confidential information. For example, a doctor may have data about their patients or a lawyer about their clients, as was the case with attorneys \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/09/nx-s1-5357455/attorney-detained-by-immigration-authorities\">Amir Makled\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhpr.org/nh-news/2025-04-18/a-new-england-attorney-is-pursuing-legal-action-after-being-held-at-the-vermont-canadian-border\">Bachir Atallah\u003c/a>, whose phones contained privileged client information when CBP searched them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you refuse to provide your password, remember that officials can still \u003ca id=\"takeyourphone\">\u003c/a>seize your phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What do experts and advocates recommend for travelers entering the U.S. right now?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Being detained, denied entry to the U.S., or having confidential information on your phone seized: If these worst-case scenarios are “something that you’re unwilling to risk, then you should think about mitigation measures,” McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leaving personal devices at home is one way to avoid these interactions with law enforcement altogether. But if bringing your cell phone or laptop is essential, McBrien said — as it is for many travelers — you can also “look into ways to protect the data that is on those devices, both by taking sensitive information off the device or storing it somewhere else,” McBrien said. If you plan to travel with a device provided to you by your employer, EFF recommends \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/wp/digital-privacy-us-border-2017#talk-employer\">talking to your employer about data security before traveling\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cope has seen people travel with a “burner phone” — a phone you only use when travelling that doesn’t carry any personal or significant information. “But that also might raise questions,” she said. “‘What are you trying to hide?’ ‘Why isn’t this your real phone?’ So people need to be ready for that conversation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of whether you choose to comply with a phone search, Cope recommended backing up your data — to the cloud or another way — before you encounter CBP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you do comply, the data might get corrupted if they try to do a forensic search,” she said. “If you \u003cem>don’t \u003c/em>comply, then maybe you will lose that data if your device is confiscated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re worried about losing your phone at the border to a seizure, consider bringing several emergency contact numbers written in a notebook or similar, so that you can contact loved ones — or \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034703/what-should-international-students-on-visas-and-green-cards-know-right-now\">an immigration lawyer\u003c/a> — without having access to your phone’s contact list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McBrien also said it’s “a really good idea for people to have friends and family know when they are planning on crossing a border or coming into an airport — so that if they’re not heard from quickly, people in their lives are aware and can reach out to someone for help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, any plan you make has to address concerns specific to your specific legal status and what type of information you carry with you, Cope said. “What’s important to understand is that one size doesn’t fit all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>More reading and resources\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/wp/digital-privacy-us-border-2017#footnote1_y2jgkbj\">Read more about digital privacy protections at the border in EFF’s guide.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013522/free-legal-aid-in-the-bay-area-how-it-works-where-to-find-it\">a guide on how to find free or low-cost legal aid in the Bay Area\u003c/a>, including those who provide immigration services. Keep in mind that many of these groups have limited resources and may not be able to provide assistance immediately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bar Association in San Francisco \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfbar.org/lris/immigration-lawyers/\">keeps a database of private immigration lawyers\u003c/a> in San Francisco and Marin counties and \u003ca href=\"https://lrsconnect.org/\">refers those living elsewhere to LRS Connect, a nonprofit search tool\u003c/a> set up to connect individuals with lawyers specific to their needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "What Are US Taxpayers Getting in $6 Million Deal With Salvadoran Mega-Prison?",
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"content": "\u003cp>In an unprecedented deal with a foreign government, the United States has paid millions of dollars to El Salvador for the incarceration of about 300 Venezuelan and Salvadoran nationals — many of whom were labeled terrorists and deported without due process under \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021919/bay-area-japanese-americans-draw-on-wwii-trauma-resist-deportation-threats\">the Alien Enemies Act of 1798\u003c/a>, an obscure wartime law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the exact terms of the controversial arrangement to hold these men in a crowded, foreign mega-prison — one that’s been cited for human rights violations — remain murky, even as lawyers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.foreign.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/shaheen_case_act_letter_to_rubio.pdf\">lawmakers\u003c/a> and the public seek answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email to KQED, a U.S. State Department spokesperson described the payment as “funding for El Salvador’s law enforcement and anticrime needs,” which was “provided in connection with the Government of El Salvador’s offer to receive Venezuelan Tren de Aragua (TdA) gang members removed from the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has filed a Freedom of Information Act request for the agreement, but has yet to receive responsive documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, 14 media organizations, including NPR, \u003cem>The\u003c/em> \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em> and the \u003cem>Associated Press\u003c/em>, filed a \u003ca href=\"https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.mdd.578815/gov.uscourts.mdd.578815.108.1.pdf\">motion to intervene\u003c/a> in the case of wrongly-deported Maryland man Kilmar Armando Abrego Garcia, asking the judge to unseal recent filings and release the transcript of an apparently secret proceeding that took place on April 30. KQED is an NPR member station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11937603\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11937603 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/gettyimages-1161630733-c49fd69fe9a132a12a758e5f2ac175c53611ae2c-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"An America flag flies near the Statue of Liberty on Liberty Island.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/gettyimages-1161630733-c49fd69fe9a132a12a758e5f2ac175c53611ae2c-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/gettyimages-1161630733-c49fd69fe9a132a12a758e5f2ac175c53611ae2c-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/gettyimages-1161630733-c49fd69fe9a132a12a758e5f2ac175c53611ae2c-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/gettyimages-1161630733-c49fd69fe9a132a12a758e5f2ac175c53611ae2c-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/gettyimages-1161630733-c49fd69fe9a132a12a758e5f2ac175c53611ae2c-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/gettyimages-1161630733-c49fd69fe9a132a12a758e5f2ac175c53611ae2c-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/gettyimages-1161630733-c49fd69fe9a132a12a758e5f2ac175c53611ae2c-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An American flag flies near the Statue of Liberty on Liberty Island on Aug. 14, 2019, in New York City. \u003ccite>(Drew Angerer/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The case raises profound questions of separation of powers, civil liberties, and foreign relations,” the filing reads. “Such a case requires maximum transparency so that ‘the public [can] participate in and serve as a check upon’ their government.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While much of the dollars-for-detention deal remains mired in secrecy, court filings, government press conferences and officials’ social media statements contain hints about the scope and legality of the unorthodox arrangement. Here’s what to know:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>President Nayib Bukele makes an offer\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Last July, then-U.S. Rep. Matt Gaetz (R-Florida) lauded the massive maximum-security complex, known as Centro de Confinamiento del Terrorismo, or CECOT, during a visit to El Salvador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot more discipline in this prison than we see in a lot of the prisons in the United States,” Gaetz said in a \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/nayibbukele/status/1815184818683904183\">video\u003c/a> President Nayib Bukele posted on social media platform X. “And there are a lot more murderers\u003cem> here.\u003c/em>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038931\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038931\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/MattGaetzAP.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/MattGaetzAP.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/MattGaetzAP-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/MattGaetzAP-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/MattGaetzAP-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/MattGaetzAP-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/MattGaetzAP-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rep. Matt Gaetz, R-Florida, speaks during the House Judiciary Committee hearing on Oversight of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security on Capitol Hill in Washington, on July 26, 2023. \u003ccite>(Jose Luis Magana/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gaetz expressed admiration for El Salvador’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/IN12510\">state of exception\u003c/a>,” the legal mechanism Bukele invoked to suspend many constitutional rights for Salvadorans to combat gang violence in the country. The crackdown has led to a sharp reduction in homicides and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wola.org/analysis/mass-incarceration-and-democratic-deterioration-three-years-of-the-state-of-exception-in-el-salvador/\">mass incarceration\u003c/a> of tens of thousands of people since 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We think the good ideas in El Salvador actually have legs and can go to other places and help other people be safe and secure and hopeful and prosperous,” Gaetz said, the brightly lit bars of prisoners’ cells visible behind him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then in February, Bukele took to X to offer the United States “the opportunity to outsource part of its prison system.” In this \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/nayibbukele/status/1886606794614587573\">post\u003c/a>, Bukele stated that El Salvador will accept “only convicted criminals (including convicted U.S. citizens)” into CECOT.[aside postID=news_12037889 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/TravisAirForceBaseGetty-1020x602.jpg']Secretary of State Marco Rubio was visiting El Salvador at the time and \u003ca href=\"https://www.state.gov/secretary-rubios-meeting-with-salvadoran-president-nayib-bukele/\">met with\u003c/a> Bukele to discuss the offer. Rubio said in a March \u003ca href=\"https://www.state.gov/secretary-of-state-marco-rubio-remarks-to-the-press-3/\">press conference\u003c/a> that the verbal agreement reached during that visit was later finalized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the alleged Tren de Aragua members sent to CECOT had no criminal record, according to court filings. When asked by KQED if this violated the understanding between the two countries, the State Department declined to answer. \u003cem>The\u003c/em> \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em> has \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/30/us/politics/trump-deportations-venezuela-el-salvador.html?unlocked_article_code=1.Dk8.tW5w.kzoxheiRdEIK&smid=nytcore-ios-share&referringSource=articleShare\">reported\u003c/a> that Bukele “wanted assurances” that the Venezuelans he’d agreed to lock up really were members of the gang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In court filings, Robert Cerna, an ICE official responsible for removal operations in South Texas, declared that the agency “carefully vetted each individual alien to ensure they were in fact members of TdA.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Family members and attorneys for some of the men have \u003ca href=\"https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.dcd.278436/gov.uscourts.dcd.278436.102.8.pdf\">vehemently denied\u003c/a> their ties to the Venezuelan gang. (U.S. officials have clearly made mistakes in this process, as the related \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/24/24A949/354843/20250407103341248_Kristi%20Noem%20application.pdf\">case\u003c/a> of Abrego Garcia demonstrates.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Doug Specht, who is an expert on\u003ca href=\"https://saisreview.sais.jhu.edu/el-salvadors-controversial-offer-housing-u-s-criminals-in-its-mega-prison/#_edn19\"> Central America, human rights and communications\u003c/a> at the University of Westminster in the United Kingdom, said it is extremely “ unusual for any country to want to — for want of a better phrase — import people who are accused of violent and extreme crimes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adding to the irregularity of the arrangement is El Salvador’s willingness to accept deportees who were not Salvadoran, but Venezuelan nationals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s not a repatriation, it’s not an extradition,” Specht said. “That is a movement of human beings beyond their nationality into a state of which they have no rights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Price tag: $6 million\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In a March 16 \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/nayibbukele/status/1901245427216978290\">post on\u003c/a> X, Bukele touted the arrival of “the first 238 members” of Tren de Aragua from the United States. He said they would be imprisoned in “CECOT, the Terrorism Confinement Center, for a period of one year (renewable). The United States will pay a very low fee for them, but a high one for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next day, White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kB-LdmGd920\">said\u003c/a> in a briefing that “approximately $6 million” had been paid to El Salvador “for the detention of these foreign terrorists.” Leavitt said this fee was “pennies on the dollar” when compared with the cost of housing these individuals in a U.S. maximum security prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958277\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11958277\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"People fill a plaza holding signs in front of a large ornate building.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1397\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-800x559.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-1020x712.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-160x112.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-1536x1073.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-1920x1341.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demonstrators hold signs at a rally held by immigrant and union groups as they march to mark May Day and protest against President Donald Trump’s efforts to boost deportations at the San Francisco City Hall on May 1, 2017. \u003ccite>(Jeff Chiu/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The average annual cost of housing someone in a U.S. federal prison is about $44,000, according to a 2024 report by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2024/12/06/2024-28743/annual-determination-of-average-cost-of-incarceration-fee-coif\">U.S. Bureau of Prisons\u003c/a>. Back-of-the-napkin math shows that $6 million divided by 300 comes to an annual cost of about $20,000 per person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, without knowing the details of the arrangement, it is difficult to accurately assess any cost savings. The $6 million figure does not include the costs of transportation to El Salvador or the legal costs of defending the government’s arrangement against court challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specht said the U.S. government’s financial motives are secondary to its chief goal. “It’s a power play,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the administration faces an uphill battle legally; politically, it’s a winning position, Specht said. “You can’t argue back against it without looking like you want to re-import dangerous people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘A tool in our toolkit’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On March 26, U.S. Department of Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem also visited CECOT. Her statements in an Instagram \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/reel/DHrtPr2o311/?hl=en\">reel\u003c/a> underscore the idea that the United States retains a meaningful interest in the detention of the deportees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She characterized their incarceration there as punishment “for the violence that they perpetuated in our communities.” The prison, she said, is now “a tool in our toolkit,” and thus, a part of the machinery of the U.S. detention system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038928\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12038928 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CECOTKristiNoemGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CECOTKristiNoemGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CECOTKristiNoemGetty-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CECOTKristiNoemGetty-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CECOTKristiNoemGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CECOTKristiNoemGetty-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CECOTKristiNoemGetty-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">As prisoners stand looking out from a cell, Department of Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem speaks during a tour of the Terrorist Confinement Center (CECOT) on March 26, 2025, in Tecoluca, El Salvador. \u003ccite>(Alex Brandon-Pool/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This is important because if the federal government retains custody over the deportees, “it probably would give them the right to bring a habeas corpus here in the United States,” according to Roger Parloff, senior editor of \u003ca href=\"https://www.lawfaremedia.org/about/about-lawfare\">Lawfare\u003c/a>, a nonprofit publication covering national security. He pointed to a 2004 Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/137000/rasul-v-bush/\">ruling\u003c/a>, which found that detainees at the Guantanamo Bay military base in Cuba had the right to challenge their detention in D.C. courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parloff said the ACLU is relying on this ruling to challenge the foreign imprisonment of Venezuelans who were deported and locked up without due process. In \u003ca href=\"https://journaliststudio.google.com/pinpoint/document-view?collection=2250b9975bba72ea&docid=173bf7817af41b48_2250b9975bba72ea&page=1&utm_source=highlight_deep_link&dapvm=1&highlight=4db42fc37d5661c4\">court filings\u003c/a>, the administration has asserted it has no jurisdiction over the individuals held at CECOT.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with the Venezuelan nationals, 23 Salvadorans — including Abrego Garcia — who the U.S. government alleges are MS-13 gang members were also put on planes to El Salvador. A judge later determined that Abrego Garcia should never have been sent to El Salvador, and on April 10, the Supreme Court largely \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/24pdf/24a949_lkhn.pdf\">upheld\u003c/a> the lower court’s ruling that the U.S. government must “facilitate” his return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four days later, during a \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/program/white-house-event/president-trump-welcomes-president-of-el-salvador-to-white-house/658588\">meeting\u003c/a> in the Oval Office, Bukele scoffed at the idea he would return Abrego Garcia, a Salvadoran citizen, to the United States: “How can I smuggle a terrorist into the United States?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Bukele and Trump administration officials told journalists they lacked the power to return Abrego Garcia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Jeanne Shaheen (D-New Hampshire), ranking member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, \u003ca href=\"https://www.foreign.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/shaheen_case_act_letter_to_rubio.pdf\">noted\u003c/a> the “absurdity” of the administration’s position in a letter to Rubio, given that “the administration is funding these detentions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Prisoner swap?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Part of the reason the Venezuelan nationals were sent to El Salvador, rather than their home country, is that Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro had refused to receive them, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/program/white-house-event/president-trump-meets-with-president-of-el-salvador/658589\">public statements\u003c/a> from Rubio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maduro was involved in the “intensive and delicate negotiations” that led to the multimillion-dollar arrangement to send alleged Tren de Aragua members to CECOT, according to a declaration from a senior State Department official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038944\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038944\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NicolasMaduroAP.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NicolasMaduroAP.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NicolasMaduroAP-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NicolasMaduroAP-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NicolasMaduroAP-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NicolasMaduroAP-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NicolasMaduroAP-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro speaks at the Supreme Court in Caracas, Venezuela, on July 31, 2024. \u003ccite>(Fernando Vergara/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But after the outcry and lawsuits over the deportation of Venezuelans under the Alien Enemies Act, Maduro labeled the deportation a “kidnapping” and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2025/03/20/americas/venezuela-el-salvador-us-migrant-deportations-intl-hnk/index.html\">called\u003c/a> on Bukele to return his citizens home. (He also agreed to again receive Venezuelan deportees from the United States.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, on April 22, Bukele made a \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/nayibbukele/status/1914802146325004726\">counteroffer\u003c/a> — posted in Spanish on X — proposing a “humanitarian agreement that includes the repatriation of 100% of the 252 Venezuelans who were deported, in exchange for the release and delivery of an identical number (252) of the thousands of political prisoners that you hold.” Bukele asked Maduro to let Venezuelan activists and journalists out of prison and to release about 50 foreign prisoners from the U.S. and two dozen other countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email, a State Department spokesperson said that “while this is a matter for El Salvador and the Maduro regime,” the administration supports the proposal and calls for the immediate release of “all Americans unjustly detained by the Maduro regime.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maduro’s deeply unpopular authoritarian rule has plunged Venezuela into an economic and civic crisis, according to analysis from the \u003ca href=\"https://2017-2021.state.gov/a-democratic-crisis-in-venezuela/\">State Department\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://theowp.org/venezuelas-justice-system-perpetuating-human-rights-abuses/\">international organizations\u003c/a>. Specht sees Bukele’s deal with the U.S. as a strategic move to further disrupt Venezuelan politics and expand his own power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ That kind of influence will ripple across the region,” Specht said. He worries it won’t end with a deal over a few hundred prisoners: “ I’m fearful for what that means for the millions and millions of people who live in these countries who are often just trying to exist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Source of funds: ‘Foreign assistance’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While a federal judge has \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/cases/jav-v-trump?document=ORDER#legal-documents\">blocked\u003c/a> further removals under the Alien Enemies Act, the Trump administration clearly made plans to send more people to the prison, costing taxpayers more money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Upwards of $15 million in International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement (INCLE) funds have been set aside to send to El Salvador to house additional detainees,” Shaheen wrote in her letter to Rubio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bureau of International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement “supports counter-drug activities through foreign assistance,” according to the 2019 \u003ca href=\"https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/FY-2019-Budget-Summary-FINAL.pdf\">National Drug Control Strategy\u003c/a>. Shaheen called the use of these funds for the foreign detention of unconvicted deportees “unprecedented and inappropriate.”[aside postID=news_12037508 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/026_SanJose_Immigration_08232021-1020x680.jpg']There are \u003ca href=\"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-1071/pdf/COMPS-1071.pdf\">legal restrictions\u003c/a> on foreign assistance, including the \u003ca href=\"https://www.state.gov/bureau-of-democracy-human-rights-and-labor/releases/2025/01/leahy-law-fact-sheet\">Leahy Law\u003c/a>, which prohibits the use of federal money for international security forces “where there is credible information implicating that unit in the commission of gross violations of human rights.” A 2022 State Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/el-salvador/\">report\u003c/a> on El Salvador found “significant human rights issues,” which included “life-threatening” and inhumane prison conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Department did not confirm the amount of money that had been set aside for this deal going forward, but said its goal is “to ensure our partners are well-equipped to handle the challenges they face, ultimately contributing to a more stable and secure region,” and that it is following “all applicable laws related to foreign assistance, including the Leahy law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specht pointed out that the United States has used foreign assistance money for dubious purposes dating back to the Contra war in Nicaragua and the civil war in El Salvador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ The idea that this is also being funded through foreign assistance money, rather suggests that the U.S. approach to Latin America hasn’t changed a great deal,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with restrictions on the programs and countries eligible for “foreign assistance,” that spending is also supposed to be transparent.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transparency implications\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“Taxpayers have a right to see where and how American dollars are being used overseas,” then-Sen. Rubio \u003ca href=\"https://www.usglc.org/media/2017/04/USGLC-FATAA-Fact-Sheet.pdf\">said\u003c/a> that in 2015, in support of the Foreign Assistance Transparency and Accountability \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/114/plaws/publ191/PLAW-114publ191.pdf\">Act\u003c/a>, which he co-sponsored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law, which passed with near-unanimous support, established rigorous reporting and monitoring requirements for foreign assistance, and a public-facing dashboard that the Secretary of State is required to update quarterly to reflect foreign payments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12033556\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12033556\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-2.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-2-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Secretary of State Marco Rubio speaks during his visit to the Yad Vashem Holocaust Memorial museum in Jerusalem on Feb. 16, 2025. \u003ccite>(Evelyn Hockstein/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As of publication, the \u003ca href=\"https://foreignassistance.gov/\">dashboard\u003c/a> does not reflect a $6 million payment to El Salvador from the Bureau of International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Letters to Rubio from Shaheen and \u003ca href=\"https://democrats-foreignaffairs.house.gov/2025/4/meeks-castro-send-letter-to-rubio-demanding-answers-on-el-salvador-agreement\">members\u003c/a> of the House Foreign Affairs Committee also invoked the \u003ca href=\"https://www.state.gov/treaty-negotiation-and-signing#:~:text=The%20Case%2DZablocki%20Act%20(1,agreements%20upon%20entry%20into%20force.\">Case-Zablocki Act\u003c/a>, which requires the Secretary of State to provide Congress with information about all international treaties and agreements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parloff, the Lawfare editor, said even non-binding agreements are supposed to be shared if “they could reasonably be expected to have a significant impact on the foreign policy of the United States.”[aside postID=news_12021919 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-47-1020x680.jpg']Rep. Joaquin Castro (D/R-Texas) is among those still pushing for transparency. On April 22, he submitted a \u003ca href=\"https://castro.house.gov/imo/media/doc/roi_42925.pdf\">resolution\u003c/a> which, if passed, would require the administration to turn over all records, transcripts, calls and even artificial intelligence chats related to the negotiations and agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Department did not answer KQED’s follow-up questions regarding its compliance with transparency laws or the legitimacy of using taxpayer funds to detain people abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While complex legal wranglings are still playing out in U.S. courts, Specht said that in the broadest sense, the deal “flies in the face” of how international law has been understood and interpreted across the world. For the people who are in prison in CECOT, he fears that it may not matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ They no longer exist as human beings,” he said. Even if a court finds they were removed illegally, “It’s already too late for most of these people. They won’t be found again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced with support from \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/californianewsroom#:~:text=About%20the%20California%20Newsroom&text=The%20California%20Newsroom%3A&text=provides%20one%2Don%2Done%20mentorship,UC%20Berkeley%20Journalism%20Fellows%20program.\">\u003cem>The California Newsroom\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a KQED-led collaboration of public media outlets throughout the state, with NPR as its national partner.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The Trump administration has cut an unprecedented deal to send alleged gang members to El Salvador’s notorious prison, but it won’t provide the details about the arrangement. Here’s what to know.",
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"title": "What Are US Taxpayers Getting in $6 Million Deal With Salvadoran Mega-Prison? | KQED",
"description": "The Trump administration has cut an unprecedented deal to send alleged gang members to El Salvador’s notorious prison, but it won’t provide the details about the arrangement. Here’s what to know.",
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"headline": "What Are US Taxpayers Getting in $6 Million Deal With Salvadoran Mega-Prison?",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In an unprecedented deal with a foreign government, the United States has paid millions of dollars to El Salvador for the incarceration of about 300 Venezuelan and Salvadoran nationals — many of whom were labeled terrorists and deported without due process under \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021919/bay-area-japanese-americans-draw-on-wwii-trauma-resist-deportation-threats\">the Alien Enemies Act of 1798\u003c/a>, an obscure wartime law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the exact terms of the controversial arrangement to hold these men in a crowded, foreign mega-prison — one that’s been cited for human rights violations — remain murky, even as lawyers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.foreign.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/shaheen_case_act_letter_to_rubio.pdf\">lawmakers\u003c/a> and the public seek answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email to KQED, a U.S. State Department spokesperson described the payment as “funding for El Salvador’s law enforcement and anticrime needs,” which was “provided in connection with the Government of El Salvador’s offer to receive Venezuelan Tren de Aragua (TdA) gang members removed from the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has filed a Freedom of Information Act request for the agreement, but has yet to receive responsive documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, 14 media organizations, including NPR, \u003cem>The\u003c/em> \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em> and the \u003cem>Associated Press\u003c/em>, filed a \u003ca href=\"https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.mdd.578815/gov.uscourts.mdd.578815.108.1.pdf\">motion to intervene\u003c/a> in the case of wrongly-deported Maryland man Kilmar Armando Abrego Garcia, asking the judge to unseal recent filings and release the transcript of an apparently secret proceeding that took place on April 30. KQED is an NPR member station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11937603\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11937603 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/gettyimages-1161630733-c49fd69fe9a132a12a758e5f2ac175c53611ae2c-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"An America flag flies near the Statue of Liberty on Liberty Island.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/gettyimages-1161630733-c49fd69fe9a132a12a758e5f2ac175c53611ae2c-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/gettyimages-1161630733-c49fd69fe9a132a12a758e5f2ac175c53611ae2c-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/gettyimages-1161630733-c49fd69fe9a132a12a758e5f2ac175c53611ae2c-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/gettyimages-1161630733-c49fd69fe9a132a12a758e5f2ac175c53611ae2c-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/gettyimages-1161630733-c49fd69fe9a132a12a758e5f2ac175c53611ae2c-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/gettyimages-1161630733-c49fd69fe9a132a12a758e5f2ac175c53611ae2c-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/gettyimages-1161630733-c49fd69fe9a132a12a758e5f2ac175c53611ae2c-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An American flag flies near the Statue of Liberty on Liberty Island on Aug. 14, 2019, in New York City. \u003ccite>(Drew Angerer/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The case raises profound questions of separation of powers, civil liberties, and foreign relations,” the filing reads. “Such a case requires maximum transparency so that ‘the public [can] participate in and serve as a check upon’ their government.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While much of the dollars-for-detention deal remains mired in secrecy, court filings, government press conferences and officials’ social media statements contain hints about the scope and legality of the unorthodox arrangement. Here’s what to know:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>President Nayib Bukele makes an offer\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Last July, then-U.S. Rep. Matt Gaetz (R-Florida) lauded the massive maximum-security complex, known as Centro de Confinamiento del Terrorismo, or CECOT, during a visit to El Salvador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot more discipline in this prison than we see in a lot of the prisons in the United States,” Gaetz said in a \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/nayibbukele/status/1815184818683904183\">video\u003c/a> President Nayib Bukele posted on social media platform X. “And there are a lot more murderers\u003cem> here.\u003c/em>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038931\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038931\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/MattGaetzAP.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/MattGaetzAP.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/MattGaetzAP-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/MattGaetzAP-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/MattGaetzAP-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/MattGaetzAP-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/MattGaetzAP-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rep. Matt Gaetz, R-Florida, speaks during the House Judiciary Committee hearing on Oversight of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security on Capitol Hill in Washington, on July 26, 2023. \u003ccite>(Jose Luis Magana/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gaetz expressed admiration for El Salvador’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/IN12510\">state of exception\u003c/a>,” the legal mechanism Bukele invoked to suspend many constitutional rights for Salvadorans to combat gang violence in the country. The crackdown has led to a sharp reduction in homicides and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wola.org/analysis/mass-incarceration-and-democratic-deterioration-three-years-of-the-state-of-exception-in-el-salvador/\">mass incarceration\u003c/a> of tens of thousands of people since 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We think the good ideas in El Salvador actually have legs and can go to other places and help other people be safe and secure and hopeful and prosperous,” Gaetz said, the brightly lit bars of prisoners’ cells visible behind him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then in February, Bukele took to X to offer the United States “the opportunity to outsource part of its prison system.” In this \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/nayibbukele/status/1886606794614587573\">post\u003c/a>, Bukele stated that El Salvador will accept “only convicted criminals (including convicted U.S. citizens)” into CECOT.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Secretary of State Marco Rubio was visiting El Salvador at the time and \u003ca href=\"https://www.state.gov/secretary-rubios-meeting-with-salvadoran-president-nayib-bukele/\">met with\u003c/a> Bukele to discuss the offer. Rubio said in a March \u003ca href=\"https://www.state.gov/secretary-of-state-marco-rubio-remarks-to-the-press-3/\">press conference\u003c/a> that the verbal agreement reached during that visit was later finalized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the alleged Tren de Aragua members sent to CECOT had no criminal record, according to court filings. When asked by KQED if this violated the understanding between the two countries, the State Department declined to answer. \u003cem>The\u003c/em> \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em> has \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/30/us/politics/trump-deportations-venezuela-el-salvador.html?unlocked_article_code=1.Dk8.tW5w.kzoxheiRdEIK&smid=nytcore-ios-share&referringSource=articleShare\">reported\u003c/a> that Bukele “wanted assurances” that the Venezuelans he’d agreed to lock up really were members of the gang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In court filings, Robert Cerna, an ICE official responsible for removal operations in South Texas, declared that the agency “carefully vetted each individual alien to ensure they were in fact members of TdA.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Family members and attorneys for some of the men have \u003ca href=\"https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.dcd.278436/gov.uscourts.dcd.278436.102.8.pdf\">vehemently denied\u003c/a> their ties to the Venezuelan gang. (U.S. officials have clearly made mistakes in this process, as the related \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/24/24A949/354843/20250407103341248_Kristi%20Noem%20application.pdf\">case\u003c/a> of Abrego Garcia demonstrates.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Doug Specht, who is an expert on\u003ca href=\"https://saisreview.sais.jhu.edu/el-salvadors-controversial-offer-housing-u-s-criminals-in-its-mega-prison/#_edn19\"> Central America, human rights and communications\u003c/a> at the University of Westminster in the United Kingdom, said it is extremely “ unusual for any country to want to — for want of a better phrase — import people who are accused of violent and extreme crimes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adding to the irregularity of the arrangement is El Salvador’s willingness to accept deportees who were not Salvadoran, but Venezuelan nationals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s not a repatriation, it’s not an extradition,” Specht said. “That is a movement of human beings beyond their nationality into a state of which they have no rights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Price tag: $6 million\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In a March 16 \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/nayibbukele/status/1901245427216978290\">post on\u003c/a> X, Bukele touted the arrival of “the first 238 members” of Tren de Aragua from the United States. He said they would be imprisoned in “CECOT, the Terrorism Confinement Center, for a period of one year (renewable). The United States will pay a very low fee for them, but a high one for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next day, White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kB-LdmGd920\">said\u003c/a> in a briefing that “approximately $6 million” had been paid to El Salvador “for the detention of these foreign terrorists.” Leavitt said this fee was “pennies on the dollar” when compared with the cost of housing these individuals in a U.S. maximum security prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958277\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11958277\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"People fill a plaza holding signs in front of a large ornate building.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1397\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-800x559.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-1020x712.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-160x112.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-1536x1073.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-1920x1341.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demonstrators hold signs at a rally held by immigrant and union groups as they march to mark May Day and protest against President Donald Trump’s efforts to boost deportations at the San Francisco City Hall on May 1, 2017. \u003ccite>(Jeff Chiu/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The average annual cost of housing someone in a U.S. federal prison is about $44,000, according to a 2024 report by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2024/12/06/2024-28743/annual-determination-of-average-cost-of-incarceration-fee-coif\">U.S. Bureau of Prisons\u003c/a>. Back-of-the-napkin math shows that $6 million divided by 300 comes to an annual cost of about $20,000 per person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, without knowing the details of the arrangement, it is difficult to accurately assess any cost savings. The $6 million figure does not include the costs of transportation to El Salvador or the legal costs of defending the government’s arrangement against court challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specht said the U.S. government’s financial motives are secondary to its chief goal. “It’s a power play,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the administration faces an uphill battle legally; politically, it’s a winning position, Specht said. “You can’t argue back against it without looking like you want to re-import dangerous people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘A tool in our toolkit’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On March 26, U.S. Department of Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem also visited CECOT. Her statements in an Instagram \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/reel/DHrtPr2o311/?hl=en\">reel\u003c/a> underscore the idea that the United States retains a meaningful interest in the detention of the deportees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She characterized their incarceration there as punishment “for the violence that they perpetuated in our communities.” The prison, she said, is now “a tool in our toolkit,” and thus, a part of the machinery of the U.S. detention system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038928\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12038928 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CECOTKristiNoemGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CECOTKristiNoemGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CECOTKristiNoemGetty-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CECOTKristiNoemGetty-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CECOTKristiNoemGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CECOTKristiNoemGetty-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/CECOTKristiNoemGetty-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">As prisoners stand looking out from a cell, Department of Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem speaks during a tour of the Terrorist Confinement Center (CECOT) on March 26, 2025, in Tecoluca, El Salvador. \u003ccite>(Alex Brandon-Pool/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This is important because if the federal government retains custody over the deportees, “it probably would give them the right to bring a habeas corpus here in the United States,” according to Roger Parloff, senior editor of \u003ca href=\"https://www.lawfaremedia.org/about/about-lawfare\">Lawfare\u003c/a>, a nonprofit publication covering national security. He pointed to a 2004 Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/137000/rasul-v-bush/\">ruling\u003c/a>, which found that detainees at the Guantanamo Bay military base in Cuba had the right to challenge their detention in D.C. courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parloff said the ACLU is relying on this ruling to challenge the foreign imprisonment of Venezuelans who were deported and locked up without due process. In \u003ca href=\"https://journaliststudio.google.com/pinpoint/document-view?collection=2250b9975bba72ea&docid=173bf7817af41b48_2250b9975bba72ea&page=1&utm_source=highlight_deep_link&dapvm=1&highlight=4db42fc37d5661c4\">court filings\u003c/a>, the administration has asserted it has no jurisdiction over the individuals held at CECOT.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with the Venezuelan nationals, 23 Salvadorans — including Abrego Garcia — who the U.S. government alleges are MS-13 gang members were also put on planes to El Salvador. A judge later determined that Abrego Garcia should never have been sent to El Salvador, and on April 10, the Supreme Court largely \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/24pdf/24a949_lkhn.pdf\">upheld\u003c/a> the lower court’s ruling that the U.S. government must “facilitate” his return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four days later, during a \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/program/white-house-event/president-trump-welcomes-president-of-el-salvador-to-white-house/658588\">meeting\u003c/a> in the Oval Office, Bukele scoffed at the idea he would return Abrego Garcia, a Salvadoran citizen, to the United States: “How can I smuggle a terrorist into the United States?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Bukele and Trump administration officials told journalists they lacked the power to return Abrego Garcia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Jeanne Shaheen (D-New Hampshire), ranking member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, \u003ca href=\"https://www.foreign.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/shaheen_case_act_letter_to_rubio.pdf\">noted\u003c/a> the “absurdity” of the administration’s position in a letter to Rubio, given that “the administration is funding these detentions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Prisoner swap?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Part of the reason the Venezuelan nationals were sent to El Salvador, rather than their home country, is that Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro had refused to receive them, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/program/white-house-event/president-trump-meets-with-president-of-el-salvador/658589\">public statements\u003c/a> from Rubio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maduro was involved in the “intensive and delicate negotiations” that led to the multimillion-dollar arrangement to send alleged Tren de Aragua members to CECOT, according to a declaration from a senior State Department official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038944\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038944\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NicolasMaduroAP.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NicolasMaduroAP.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NicolasMaduroAP-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NicolasMaduroAP-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NicolasMaduroAP-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NicolasMaduroAP-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NicolasMaduroAP-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro speaks at the Supreme Court in Caracas, Venezuela, on July 31, 2024. \u003ccite>(Fernando Vergara/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But after the outcry and lawsuits over the deportation of Venezuelans under the Alien Enemies Act, Maduro labeled the deportation a “kidnapping” and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2025/03/20/americas/venezuela-el-salvador-us-migrant-deportations-intl-hnk/index.html\">called\u003c/a> on Bukele to return his citizens home. (He also agreed to again receive Venezuelan deportees from the United States.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, on April 22, Bukele made a \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/nayibbukele/status/1914802146325004726\">counteroffer\u003c/a> — posted in Spanish on X — proposing a “humanitarian agreement that includes the repatriation of 100% of the 252 Venezuelans who were deported, in exchange for the release and delivery of an identical number (252) of the thousands of political prisoners that you hold.” Bukele asked Maduro to let Venezuelan activists and journalists out of prison and to release about 50 foreign prisoners from the U.S. and two dozen other countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email, a State Department spokesperson said that “while this is a matter for El Salvador and the Maduro regime,” the administration supports the proposal and calls for the immediate release of “all Americans unjustly detained by the Maduro regime.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maduro’s deeply unpopular authoritarian rule has plunged Venezuela into an economic and civic crisis, according to analysis from the \u003ca href=\"https://2017-2021.state.gov/a-democratic-crisis-in-venezuela/\">State Department\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://theowp.org/venezuelas-justice-system-perpetuating-human-rights-abuses/\">international organizations\u003c/a>. Specht sees Bukele’s deal with the U.S. as a strategic move to further disrupt Venezuelan politics and expand his own power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ That kind of influence will ripple across the region,” Specht said. He worries it won’t end with a deal over a few hundred prisoners: “ I’m fearful for what that means for the millions and millions of people who live in these countries who are often just trying to exist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Source of funds: ‘Foreign assistance’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While a federal judge has \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/cases/jav-v-trump?document=ORDER#legal-documents\">blocked\u003c/a> further removals under the Alien Enemies Act, the Trump administration clearly made plans to send more people to the prison, costing taxpayers more money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Upwards of $15 million in International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement (INCLE) funds have been set aside to send to El Salvador to house additional detainees,” Shaheen wrote in her letter to Rubio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bureau of International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement “supports counter-drug activities through foreign assistance,” according to the 2019 \u003ca href=\"https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/FY-2019-Budget-Summary-FINAL.pdf\">National Drug Control Strategy\u003c/a>. Shaheen called the use of these funds for the foreign detention of unconvicted deportees “unprecedented and inappropriate.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>There are \u003ca href=\"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-1071/pdf/COMPS-1071.pdf\">legal restrictions\u003c/a> on foreign assistance, including the \u003ca href=\"https://www.state.gov/bureau-of-democracy-human-rights-and-labor/releases/2025/01/leahy-law-fact-sheet\">Leahy Law\u003c/a>, which prohibits the use of federal money for international security forces “where there is credible information implicating that unit in the commission of gross violations of human rights.” A 2022 State Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/el-salvador/\">report\u003c/a> on El Salvador found “significant human rights issues,” which included “life-threatening” and inhumane prison conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Department did not confirm the amount of money that had been set aside for this deal going forward, but said its goal is “to ensure our partners are well-equipped to handle the challenges they face, ultimately contributing to a more stable and secure region,” and that it is following “all applicable laws related to foreign assistance, including the Leahy law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specht pointed out that the United States has used foreign assistance money for dubious purposes dating back to the Contra war in Nicaragua and the civil war in El Salvador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ The idea that this is also being funded through foreign assistance money, rather suggests that the U.S. approach to Latin America hasn’t changed a great deal,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with restrictions on the programs and countries eligible for “foreign assistance,” that spending is also supposed to be transparent.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Transparency implications\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“Taxpayers have a right to see where and how American dollars are being used overseas,” then-Sen. Rubio \u003ca href=\"https://www.usglc.org/media/2017/04/USGLC-FATAA-Fact-Sheet.pdf\">said\u003c/a> that in 2015, in support of the Foreign Assistance Transparency and Accountability \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/114/plaws/publ191/PLAW-114publ191.pdf\">Act\u003c/a>, which he co-sponsored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law, which passed with near-unanimous support, established rigorous reporting and monitoring requirements for foreign assistance, and a public-facing dashboard that the Secretary of State is required to update quarterly to reflect foreign payments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12033556\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12033556\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-2.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-2-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Secretary of State Marco Rubio speaks during his visit to the Yad Vashem Holocaust Memorial museum in Jerusalem on Feb. 16, 2025. \u003ccite>(Evelyn Hockstein/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As of publication, the \u003ca href=\"https://foreignassistance.gov/\">dashboard\u003c/a> does not reflect a $6 million payment to El Salvador from the Bureau of International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Letters to Rubio from Shaheen and \u003ca href=\"https://democrats-foreignaffairs.house.gov/2025/4/meeks-castro-send-letter-to-rubio-demanding-answers-on-el-salvador-agreement\">members\u003c/a> of the House Foreign Affairs Committee also invoked the \u003ca href=\"https://www.state.gov/treaty-negotiation-and-signing#:~:text=The%20Case%2DZablocki%20Act%20(1,agreements%20upon%20entry%20into%20force.\">Case-Zablocki Act\u003c/a>, which requires the Secretary of State to provide Congress with information about all international treaties and agreements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parloff, the Lawfare editor, said even non-binding agreements are supposed to be shared if “they could reasonably be expected to have a significant impact on the foreign policy of the United States.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Rep. Joaquin Castro (D/R-Texas) is among those still pushing for transparency. On April 22, he submitted a \u003ca href=\"https://castro.house.gov/imo/media/doc/roi_42925.pdf\">resolution\u003c/a> which, if passed, would require the administration to turn over all records, transcripts, calls and even artificial intelligence chats related to the negotiations and agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Department did not answer KQED’s follow-up questions regarding its compliance with transparency laws or the legitimacy of using taxpayer funds to detain people abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While complex legal wranglings are still playing out in U.S. courts, Specht said that in the broadest sense, the deal “flies in the face” of how international law has been understood and interpreted across the world. For the people who are in prison in CECOT, he fears that it may not matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ They no longer exist as human beings,” he said. Even if a court finds they were removed illegally, “It’s already too late for most of these people. They won’t be found again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced with support from \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/californianewsroom#:~:text=About%20the%20California%20Newsroom&text=The%20California%20Newsroom%3A&text=provides%20one%2Don%2Done%20mentorship,UC%20Berkeley%20Journalism%20Fellows%20program.\">\u003cem>The California Newsroom\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a KQED-led collaboration of public media outlets throughout the state, with NPR as its national partner.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "visa-crackdown-leads-international-students-in-the-us-to-reconsider-summer-travel",
"title": "Visa Crackdown Leads International Students in the US to Reconsider Summer Travel",
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"headTitle": "Visa Crackdown Leads International Students in the US to Reconsider Summer Travel | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>On summer break from a Ph.D. program, an international student at University of California, San Diego, was planning a trip with a few friends to Hawaii. But after seeing international students across the United States \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/international-student-f1-visa-revoked-college-f12320b435b6bf9cf723f1e8eb8c67ae\">stripped of their legal status\u003c/a>, the student decided against it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any travel, even inside the U.S., just didn’t seem worth the risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I probably am going to skip that to … have as few interactions with governments as possible,” said the student, who spoke on condition of anonymity out of fear of being targeted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>International students weighing travel to see family, take a vacation or conduct research are thinking twice because of the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/trump-immigration-enforcement-deportation-public-polling-df7d0d35dfa031e1444bfa9e9e0b13bd\">Trump administration’s crackdown\u003c/a>, which has added to a sense of vulnerability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before students suddenly began losing permission to study in the U.S., some colleges were encouraging international students and faculty to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/college-admissions-international-student-enrollment-trump-fd8b6b8f298629bbcc7339568b1c76f3\">postpone travel\u003c/a>, citing government efforts to deport students involved in \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/columbia-university-mahmoud-khalil-ice-15014bcbb921f21a9f704d5acdcae7a8\">pro-Palestinian activism\u003c/a>. As the scale of the status terminations emerged in recent weeks, more schools have cautioned against non-essential travel abroad for international students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University of California, Berkeley, for one, issued an advisory last week saying upcoming international travel was risky due to “strict vetting and enforcement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 1,220 students at 187 colleges, universities and university systems have had their visas revoked or legal status terminated since late March, according to an Associated Press review of university statements, correspondence with school officials and court records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of affected students appears far higher, though. At least 4,736 international students’ visa records were terminated in a government database that maintains their legal status, according to an April 10 Immigration and Customs Enforcement response to inquiries from Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suddenly at risk for deportation, some students \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/international-student-visa-status-restraining-order-64a97b4fabc5264ed20b179952cdabff\">went into hiding\u003c/a> while others \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/college-international-student-f1-visa-ice-trump-7a1d186c06a5fdb2f64506dcf208105a\">left the country\u003c/a> on their own. Many of the students said they had only minor infractions on their records or didn’t know why their records were removed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After federal judges raised due process concerns in several students’ cases, the U.S. government \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/international-student-status-restored-9e8a7cb90f4193ec52bf06edc5094cd9\">reversed the terminations\u003c/a> but then issued new guidance \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/international-student-visa-f1-sevis-status-716ce8e67e2c3093eba4092e57ba1612\">expanding the reasons\u003c/a> international students can lose their legal status in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the new policy, valid reasons for status termination include the revocation of the visas students used to enter the U.S. In the past, if a student’s visa was revoked, they generally could stay in the U.S. to finish school. They simply would not be able to reenter if they left the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fast-evolving situation has left colleges struggling to advise students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Michigan college employee who helps international students navigate the visa process said they are inquiring more than ever about summer travel. The employee, who spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to speak to the media, said he often has been unable to give sufficient answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the U.S. hosted around 1.1 million international students, a source of essential tuition revenue at many schools. Advocates say that number is likely to shrink as the crackdown hurts America’s appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past few weeks, Rishi Oza’s immigration law firm in North Carolina has received calls about travel risks almost daily from people of varied immigration status, including international students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You kind of shake your head and say, ‘Is this the character of the country we want?’” Oza said. “It just seems that it’s a bit out of whack that people are fearful of leaving and whether they’ll be able to come back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students in the U.S. with a visa need to decide if their travels are critical, Oza said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When attempting reentry after leaving the country, they should bring immigration documents, school transcripts and even court documents if they were charged with a crime and the court dismissed the case. Ultimately, lawyers can’t foretell what will happen at the airport, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unpredictability has put one international student at the University of Illinois in distress. The student, who requested anonymity to avoid being targeted, has laid low since one of his classmates left the country after their legal status was terminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The student’s plan to travel to his home country in Asia this summer causes feelings of panic, but he has nowhere else to stay. He bought his plane ticket and is committed to the trip. His anxiety over what could happen when he returns, however, is still there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now,” he said, “I’m afraid I might not be able to come back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press reporter Christopher L. Keller contributed from Albuquerque, New Mexico.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "International students weighing travel to see family, take a vacation or conduct research are thinking twice because of the Trump administration’s crackdown, which has added to a sense of vulnerability.",
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"title": "Visa Crackdown Leads International Students in the US to Reconsider Summer Travel | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On summer break from a Ph.D. program, an international student at University of California, San Diego, was planning a trip with a few friends to Hawaii. But after seeing international students across the United States \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/international-student-f1-visa-revoked-college-f12320b435b6bf9cf723f1e8eb8c67ae\">stripped of their legal status\u003c/a>, the student decided against it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any travel, even inside the U.S., just didn’t seem worth the risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I probably am going to skip that to … have as few interactions with governments as possible,” said the student, who spoke on condition of anonymity out of fear of being targeted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>International students weighing travel to see family, take a vacation or conduct research are thinking twice because of the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/trump-immigration-enforcement-deportation-public-polling-df7d0d35dfa031e1444bfa9e9e0b13bd\">Trump administration’s crackdown\u003c/a>, which has added to a sense of vulnerability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before students suddenly began losing permission to study in the U.S., some colleges were encouraging international students and faculty to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/college-admissions-international-student-enrollment-trump-fd8b6b8f298629bbcc7339568b1c76f3\">postpone travel\u003c/a>, citing government efforts to deport students involved in \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/columbia-university-mahmoud-khalil-ice-15014bcbb921f21a9f704d5acdcae7a8\">pro-Palestinian activism\u003c/a>. As the scale of the status terminations emerged in recent weeks, more schools have cautioned against non-essential travel abroad for international students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University of California, Berkeley, for one, issued an advisory last week saying upcoming international travel was risky due to “strict vetting and enforcement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 1,220 students at 187 colleges, universities and university systems have had their visas revoked or legal status terminated since late March, according to an Associated Press review of university statements, correspondence with school officials and court records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of affected students appears far higher, though. At least 4,736 international students’ visa records were terminated in a government database that maintains their legal status, according to an April 10 Immigration and Customs Enforcement response to inquiries from Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suddenly at risk for deportation, some students \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/international-student-visa-status-restraining-order-64a97b4fabc5264ed20b179952cdabff\">went into hiding\u003c/a> while others \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/college-international-student-f1-visa-ice-trump-7a1d186c06a5fdb2f64506dcf208105a\">left the country\u003c/a> on their own. Many of the students said they had only minor infractions on their records or didn’t know why their records were removed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After federal judges raised due process concerns in several students’ cases, the U.S. government \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/international-student-status-restored-9e8a7cb90f4193ec52bf06edc5094cd9\">reversed the terminations\u003c/a> but then issued new guidance \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/international-student-visa-f1-sevis-status-716ce8e67e2c3093eba4092e57ba1612\">expanding the reasons\u003c/a> international students can lose their legal status in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the new policy, valid reasons for status termination include the revocation of the visas students used to enter the U.S. In the past, if a student’s visa was revoked, they generally could stay in the U.S. to finish school. They simply would not be able to reenter if they left the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fast-evolving situation has left colleges struggling to advise students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Michigan college employee who helps international students navigate the visa process said they are inquiring more than ever about summer travel. The employee, who spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to speak to the media, said he often has been unable to give sufficient answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the U.S. hosted around 1.1 million international students, a source of essential tuition revenue at many schools. Advocates say that number is likely to shrink as the crackdown hurts America’s appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past few weeks, Rishi Oza’s immigration law firm in North Carolina has received calls about travel risks almost daily from people of varied immigration status, including international students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You kind of shake your head and say, ‘Is this the character of the country we want?’” Oza said. “It just seems that it’s a bit out of whack that people are fearful of leaving and whether they’ll be able to come back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students in the U.S. with a visa need to decide if their travels are critical, Oza said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When attempting reentry after leaving the country, they should bring immigration documents, school transcripts and even court documents if they were charged with a crime and the court dismissed the case. Ultimately, lawyers can’t foretell what will happen at the airport, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unpredictability has put one international student at the University of Illinois in distress. The student, who requested anonymity to avoid being targeted, has laid low since one of his classmates left the country after their legal status was terminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The student’s plan to travel to his home country in Asia this summer causes feelings of panic, but he has nowhere else to stay. He bought his plane ticket and is committed to the trip. His anxiety over what could happen when he returns, however, is still there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now,” he said, “I’m afraid I might not be able to come back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press reporter Christopher L. Keller contributed from Albuquerque, New Mexico.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "may-day-thousands-bay-area-take-streets-immigrant-worker-rights",
"title": "May Day Photos: Thousands in Bay Area Take to the Streets for Immigrant, Worker Rights",
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"headTitle": "May Day Photos: Thousands in Bay Area Take to the Streets for Immigrant, Worker Rights | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Thousands of Bay Area residents, workers and labor activists \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038280/on-may-day-bay-area-workers-protest-trump-labor-battles\">rallied for May Day\u003c/a> in support of workers and immigrants, with protests calling out Trump administration policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Oakland, around 200 marched Thursday afternoon from the Fruitvale BART Station to San Antonio Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even though the conditions that we are living in are frightening and terrifying, a lot of our communities know that this is nothing new and that the constant escalation is something that we want to be prepared for and organized for,” said Priya Prabhakar, a member of Critical Resistance Oakland, one of the organizers of the march.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prabhakar said the Trump administration is not the root cause of struggles but rather the symptom of systems that are built to oppress people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers also drew parallels between rights for workers and immigrants and the push for a free Palestinian state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar marches took place in San Francisco, Santa Rosa, San José and across the Bay Area. More than 50 marches and strikes were slated to take place on May Day, also known as International Workers’ Day, among thousands nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to work freely,” said Socorro Diaz, a housekeeper in Sonoma County. Diaz said she felt compelled to start organizing fellow workers, many of them immigrants, when the administration launched its sweeping immigration crackdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our rights as immigrants are human rights, and we want worker rights to be respected,” Diaz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/skennedy\">\u003cem>Samantha Kennedy\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/matthewgreen\">\u003cem>Matthew Green\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>May Day San Francisco: Rally and March for Immigrant and Workers’ Rights\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038509\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038509\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-03-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-03-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-03-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-03-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-03-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-03-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-03-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thousands of demonstrators gather in Civic Center Plaza to listen to speakers during a May Day rally in San Francisco on Thursday, May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038499\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038499\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"670\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-1-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-1-KQED-800x268.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-1-KQED-1020x342.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-1-KQED-160x54.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-1-KQED-1536x515.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-1-KQED-1920x643.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Supervisor Jackie Fielder speaks during a May Day rally in Civic Center Plaza in San Francisco on Thursday, May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038508\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038508\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-01-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-01-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-01-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-01-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-01-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-01-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-01-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demonstrators gather in Civic Center Plaza to listen to speakers during a May Day rally in San Francisco on Thursday, May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038510\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038510\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-10-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-10-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-10-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-10-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-10-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-10-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-10-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thousands of demonstrators march from Civic Center Plaza toward the Embarcadero during a May Day protest in San Francisco on Thursday, May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038500\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038500\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-2-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"670\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-2-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-800x268.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-1020x342.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-160x54.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-1536x515.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-1920x643.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demonstrators march from Civic Center Plaza toward the Embarcadero during a May Day protest in San Francisco on Thursday, May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>May Day Strong: We Are the Many, Santa Rosa\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038513\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038513\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-2-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1326\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-2-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-2-KQED-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-2-KQED-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-2-KQED-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-2-KQED-1536x1018.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-2-KQED-1920x1273.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maureen Hayes holds an American flag during a May Day rally, calling for immigrant rights, on International Workers’ Day, in Santa Rosa on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038516\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12038516 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-14-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-14-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-14-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-14-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-14-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-14-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-14-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hundreds march during a May Day rally, calling for immigrant rights, on International Workers’ Day, in Santa Rosa on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038517\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038517\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-4-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"670\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-4-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-4-KQED-800x268.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-4-KQED-1020x342.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-4-KQED-160x54.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-4-KQED-1536x515.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-4-KQED-1920x643.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hundreds march during a May Day rally, calling for immigrant rights, on International Workers’ Day, in Santa Rosa on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038514\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038514\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-4-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-4-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-4-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-4-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-4-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-4-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-4-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carol Bloom, center, chants during a May Day rally, calling for immigrant rights, on International Workers’ Day, in Santa Rosa on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038515\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038515\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-7-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-7-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-7-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-7-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-7-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-7-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-7-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hundreds gather at the Sonoma County Sheriff’s Office during a May Day rally, calling for immigrant rights, on International Workers’ Day, in Santa Rosa on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038518\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038518\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-5-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"670\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-5-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-5-KQED-800x268.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-5-KQED-1020x342.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-5-KQED-160x54.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-5-KQED-1536x515.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-5-KQED-1920x643.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">La Banda Toxica performs as people dance at Old Courthouse Square, following a May Day rally, calling for immigrant rights, on International Workers’ Day, in Santa Rosa on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Oakland Sin Fronteras May Day March for Labor & Immigrants\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038503\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038503\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-12-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-12-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-12-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-12-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-12-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-12-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-12-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hortencia M. (left) and Maria E. chant and play buckets as drums as part of the Oakland Sin Fronteras May Day March for Labor & Immigrants in Oakland on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038506\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038506\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-QUAD-1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-QUAD-1-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-QUAD-1-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-QUAD-1-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-QUAD-1-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-QUAD-1-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-QUAD-1-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">ILWU Local 10 Drill team performs and Cat Brooks speaks in Fruitvale BART Plaza in Oakland prior to the Oakland Sin Fronteras May Day March for Labor & Immigrants in Oakland on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038502\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038502\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-09-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-09-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-09-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-09-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-09-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-09-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-09-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demonstrators march down International Boulevard in Oakland as part of the Oakland Sin Fronteras May Day March for Labor & Immigrants on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038504\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12038504 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-13-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-13-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-13-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-13-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-13-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-13-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-13-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Spectators watch as the Oakland Sin Fronteras May Day March for Labor & Immigrants proceeds down International Boulevard in Oakland on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038501\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038501\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-3-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"670\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-3-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-3-KQED-800x268.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-3-KQED-1020x342.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-3-KQED-160x54.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-3-KQED-1536x515.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-3-KQED-1920x643.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Spectators watch as the Oakland Sin Fronteras May Day March for Labor & Immigrants proceeds down International Boulevard in Oakland on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038505\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038505\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-16-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-16-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-16-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-16-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-16-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-16-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-16-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demonstrators march down International Boulevard in Oakland as part of the Oakland Sin Fronteras May Day March for Labor & Immigrants on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Thousands of Bay Area residents, workers and labor activists rallied for May Day in an annual demonstration made more urgent by the Trump administration’s policies.",
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"title": "May Day Photos: Thousands in Bay Area Take to the Streets for Immigrant, Worker Rights | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Thousands of Bay Area residents, workers and labor activists \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038280/on-may-day-bay-area-workers-protest-trump-labor-battles\">rallied for May Day\u003c/a> in support of workers and immigrants, with protests calling out Trump administration policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Oakland, around 200 marched Thursday afternoon from the Fruitvale BART Station to San Antonio Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even though the conditions that we are living in are frightening and terrifying, a lot of our communities know that this is nothing new and that the constant escalation is something that we want to be prepared for and organized for,” said Priya Prabhakar, a member of Critical Resistance Oakland, one of the organizers of the march.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prabhakar said the Trump administration is not the root cause of struggles but rather the symptom of systems that are built to oppress people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers also drew parallels between rights for workers and immigrants and the push for a free Palestinian state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar marches took place in San Francisco, Santa Rosa, San José and across the Bay Area. More than 50 marches and strikes were slated to take place on May Day, also known as International Workers’ Day, among thousands nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to work freely,” said Socorro Diaz, a housekeeper in Sonoma County. Diaz said she felt compelled to start organizing fellow workers, many of them immigrants, when the administration launched its sweeping immigration crackdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our rights as immigrants are human rights, and we want worker rights to be respected,” Diaz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/skennedy\">\u003cem>Samantha Kennedy\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/matthewgreen\">\u003cem>Matthew Green\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>May Day San Francisco: Rally and March for Immigrant and Workers’ Rights\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038509\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038509\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-03-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-03-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-03-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-03-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-03-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-03-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-03-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thousands of demonstrators gather in Civic Center Plaza to listen to speakers during a May Day rally in San Francisco on Thursday, May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038499\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038499\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"670\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-1-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-1-KQED-800x268.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-1-KQED-1020x342.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-1-KQED-160x54.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-1-KQED-1536x515.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-1-KQED-1920x643.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Supervisor Jackie Fielder speaks during a May Day rally in Civic Center Plaza in San Francisco on Thursday, May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038508\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038508\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-01-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-01-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-01-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-01-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-01-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-01-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-01-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demonstrators gather in Civic Center Plaza to listen to speakers during a May Day rally in San Francisco on Thursday, May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038510\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038510\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-10-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-10-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-10-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-10-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-10-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-10-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAYDAYRALLYSF-10-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thousands of demonstrators march from Civic Center Plaza toward the Embarcadero during a May Day protest in San Francisco on Thursday, May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038500\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038500\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-2-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"670\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-2-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-800x268.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-1020x342.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-160x54.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-1536x515.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-2-KQED-1920x643.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demonstrators march from Civic Center Plaza toward the Embarcadero during a May Day protest in San Francisco on Thursday, May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>May Day Strong: We Are the Many, Santa Rosa\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038513\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038513\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-2-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1326\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-2-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-2-KQED-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-2-KQED-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-2-KQED-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-2-KQED-1536x1018.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-2-KQED-1920x1273.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maureen Hayes holds an American flag during a May Day rally, calling for immigrant rights, on International Workers’ Day, in Santa Rosa on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038516\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12038516 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-14-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-14-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-14-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-14-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-14-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-14-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-14-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hundreds march during a May Day rally, calling for immigrant rights, on International Workers’ Day, in Santa Rosa on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038517\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038517\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-4-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"670\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-4-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-4-KQED-800x268.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-4-KQED-1020x342.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-4-KQED-160x54.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-4-KQED-1536x515.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-4-KQED-1920x643.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hundreds march during a May Day rally, calling for immigrant rights, on International Workers’ Day, in Santa Rosa on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038514\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038514\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-4-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-4-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-4-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-4-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-4-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-4-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-4-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carol Bloom, center, chants during a May Day rally, calling for immigrant rights, on International Workers’ Day, in Santa Rosa on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038515\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038515\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-7-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-7-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-7-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-7-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-7-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-7-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250501_MAYDAYRALLY_GC-7-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hundreds gather at the Sonoma County Sheriff’s Office during a May Day rally, calling for immigrant rights, on International Workers’ Day, in Santa Rosa on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038518\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038518\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-5-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"670\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-5-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-5-KQED-800x268.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-5-KQED-1020x342.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-5-KQED-160x54.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-5-KQED-1536x515.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-5-KQED-1920x643.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">La Banda Toxica performs as people dance at Old Courthouse Square, following a May Day rally, calling for immigrant rights, on International Workers’ Day, in Santa Rosa on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Oakland Sin Fronteras May Day March for Labor & Immigrants\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038503\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038503\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-12-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-12-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-12-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-12-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-12-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-12-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-12-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hortencia M. (left) and Maria E. chant and play buckets as drums as part of the Oakland Sin Fronteras May Day March for Labor & Immigrants in Oakland on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038506\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038506\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-QUAD-1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-QUAD-1-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-QUAD-1-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-QUAD-1-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-QUAD-1-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-QUAD-1-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-QUAD-1-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">ILWU Local 10 Drill team performs and Cat Brooks speaks in Fruitvale BART Plaza in Oakland prior to the Oakland Sin Fronteras May Day March for Labor & Immigrants in Oakland on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038502\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038502\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-09-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-09-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-09-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-09-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-09-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-09-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-09-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demonstrators march down International Boulevard in Oakland as part of the Oakland Sin Fronteras May Day March for Labor & Immigrants on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038504\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12038504 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-13-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-13-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-13-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-13-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-13-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-13-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-13-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Spectators watch as the Oakland Sin Fronteras May Day March for Labor & Immigrants proceeds down International Boulevard in Oakland on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038501\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038501\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-3-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"670\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-3-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-3-KQED-800x268.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-3-KQED-1020x342.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-3-KQED-160x54.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-3-KQED-1536x515.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-DIPTYCH-3-KQED-1920x643.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Spectators watch as the Oakland Sin Fronteras May Day March for Labor & Immigrants proceeds down International Boulevard in Oakland on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038505\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038505\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-16-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-16-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-16-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-16-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-16-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-16-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-MAY-DAY-MARCH-OAKLAND-MD-16-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demonstrators march down International Boulevard in Oakland as part of the Oakland Sin Fronteras May Day March for Labor & Immigrants on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Last year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/expert/david-koranyi/\">David Koranyi\u003c/a> attended his mother’s 70th birthday party back home in Hungary, but the indirect route he took highlights the \u003ca href=\"https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20220909IPR40137/meps-hungary-can-no-longer-be-considered-a-full-democracy\">autocratic rule\u003c/a> that grips his homeland. Instead of flying straight to Hungary, Koranyi flew to neighboring Austria and then turned off his phone and drove across the border where there was no passport control and he knew he could slip in undetected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koranyi runs an organization called \u003ca href=\"https://www.actionfordemocracy.org/\">Action for Democracy\u003c/a> that has mobilized Hungarians overseas to vote back home, where political scientists say Prime Minister Viktor Orbán has tilted the electoral landscape toward his ruling party. The government says Koranyi threatens Hungary’s sovereignty; pro-government media routinely call him an “enemy of the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Friends and even embassies in Hungary … told me that maybe it’s better if I don’t come back to Hungary anytime soon,” says Koranyi, who was concerned Orbán’s government might try to detain him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Threats like this are one reason Koranyi came to America and became a citizen in 2022. So, he’s been struck to see U.S. government agents stopping and aggressively questioning people — including \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2025/04/18/us/us-citizen-detained-canada/index.html\">citizens\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/u-s-detention-of-european-and-canadian-tourists-creates-fear-over-traveling-to-america\">tourists\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.wgbh.org/news/local/2025-03-14/green-card-holder-from-new-hampshire-interrogated-at-logan-airport-detained\">green-card holders\u003c/a> — returning to America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038554\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038554\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-800x1000.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-1020x1275.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-160x200.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-1229x1536.jpg 1229w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amir Makled is a Michigan-based attorney who was detained by federal agents when returning to the US from a family vacation. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Amir Makled)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They include \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/09/nx-s1-5357455/attorney-detained-by-immigration-authorities\">Michigan lawyer Amir Makled\u003c/a>, who was stopped at Detroit Metro Airport in early April as he returned from a family vacation. Makled, who said agents asked to search his phone, thinks he was targeted because he represents a pro-Palestinian protester at the University of Michigan.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘I’m not going to be a dictator’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“I never in a million years would have imagined that atmosphere of fear and that random searches at border crossings and looking into people’s phones … is something that I would live through in my life in the United States,” says Koranyi, who lives in New York.[aside postID=news_12026783 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1148899659-1020x736.jpg']Countless people have left authoritarian countries for the promise of freedom and safety in the United States. NPR reached out to Koranyi and a dozen others to get their impressions of the Trump administration’s first several months in power. Most — but not all — said some of the administration’s tactics reminded them of those used by the regimes they fled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, a survey in February found that \u003ca href=\"https://brightlinewatch.org/\">hundreds of U.S.-based scholars\u003c/a> think the United States is moving swiftly from a liberal democracy toward some form of authoritarianism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is an elected government, obviously, but it is behaving as an authoritarian one,” says Steven Levitsky, a professor of government at Harvard University and co-author of \u003cem>How Democracies Die\u003c/em>. “It is engaging in a rapid and systematic weaponization of the machinery of government and its deployment to punish rivals, to protect allies and to bully elements of the media.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Some immigrants say Trump is the victim\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Last fall, President Trump insisted he would not be an autocrat beyond Inauguration Day, when he said he would all but lock down the southern border and green-light drilling for energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After that I’m not going to be a dictator,” Trump pledged to applause at a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TI0TfaIpr9s\">Fox News town hall\u003c/a> during the campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some U.S. immigrants from authoritarian countries say Trump has kept his word. \u003ca href=\"https://www.heritage.org/china/heritage-explains/lily-tang-williams-growing-communist-china\">Lily Tang Williams\u003c/a>, who is \u003ca href=\"https://www.wmur.com/article/lily-tang-williams-2026-campaign-congress-nh-0425/64437326\">running for Congress\u003c/a> for a third time in New Hampshire as a Republican, says it wasn’t Trump but former President Joe Biden, who most reminded her of the authoritarian leaders back in her homeland, China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Who censored us during the COVID times [and] put us in Facebook jail?” Tang Williams said in an interview with NPR. “It was not Trump. Trump himself was censored.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tang Williams says she blames the Biden administration for \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/zuckerberg-says-the-white-house-pressured-facebook-to-censor-some-covid-19-content-during-the-pandemic\">putting pressure\u003c/a> on Facebook and Twitter to crack down on certain posts, including a meme she said she posted about mask mandates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration has said it was encouraging responsible action to protect public health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the Trump administration’s tactics have unsettled immigrants such as Koranyi, they’ve instilled fear in others, such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.middlebury.edu/college/people/fulya-pinar\">Fulya Pinar\u003c/a>, a professor at Middlebury College in Vermont.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038555\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038555\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan (left) and Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán shake hands after a joint statement at the Carmelite Monastery in Budapest, Hungary, in 2023. \u003ccite>(Denes Erdos/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Similar authoritarian tactics by Turkey’s Erdogan\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pinar grew up in Turkey and says she watched Recep Tayyip Erdogan, the country’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/05/13/1175887249/turkey-recep-tayyip-erdogan-leader-president-election\">autocratic president\u003c/a>, attack scholars and consolidate power over the news media. She says she moved to the U.S. in 2016 to study for her Ph.D. and to have intellectual freedom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was about survival as an academic,” Pinar recalls, “to be able to continue thinking, teaching, writing without fear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since taking office, Trump has withheld or threatened to withhold \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/02/1242229717/who-loses-when-trump-cuts-funding-to-universities\">billions of dollars\u003c/a> in federal contracts and research grants from universities, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/14/nx-s1-5364829/trump-administration-freezes-funds-after-harvard-rejects-dei-demands\">Harvard\u003c/a>, saying they haven’t done enough to fight antisemitism. In this atmosphere, Pinar worries some students could report her. She’s teaching Anthropologies of the Middle East this semester and doing so differently than in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her lectures, for instance, Pinar used to cite death tolls for conflicts such as the war in Gaza. Now, she directs students to readings where they can find answers on their own. It’s a way to insulate herself from charges of bias.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Fear in college classrooms\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“I’m trying to be more careful,” says Pinar, who is untenured. “At the end of the semester, students usually provide feedback about professors, and then your promotion depends on that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pinar’s worries are representative, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://criticalissues.umd.edu/middle-east-scholar-barometer\">Middle East Scholar Barometer\u003c/a>, which tracks the opinions of scholars who teach about the region. A survey in February found 57% of professors in the U.S. felt more pressure under the Trump administration to self-censor when discussing Israeli-Palestinian issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having left Turkey’s autocracy for America’s freedom, Pinar says she never saw a period like this coming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel quite fragile because I feel like I can’t work freely here,” Pinar continues. “It just feels like I’m stuck.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to taking on universities, the Trump administration has also targeted news organizations that cover the president critically. The Federal Communications Commission is investigating broadcast news networks — including ABC, CBS and NBC — over allegations that they have \u003ca href=\"https://deadline.com/2025/01/fcc-complaints-trump-cbs-nbc-abc-1236263995/\">favored Democrats\u003c/a>. Trump has also attacked public broadcasters. In a social media post, he called NPR and PBS\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/16/nx-s1-5366151/president-trump-plans-order-to-cut-funding-for-npr-and-pbs\"> “radical left monsters”\u003c/a> that hurt the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038557\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038557\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maria Ressa gestures after she and her online news outfit Rappler were acquitted of tax evasion cases against her at the Court of Tax Appeals in Quezon City, Metro Manila, in January 2023. \u003ccite>(Jam Sta Rosa/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Threatening to strip licenses from TV news broadcasters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Journalist \u003ca href=\"https://www.sipa.columbia.edu/communities-connections/faculty/maria-ressa\">Maria Ressa\u003c/a> says Rodrigo Duterte, the Philippines’ autocratic former president, used similar tactics. In 2020, Duterte’s government refused to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/05/09/853217038/it-s-unbelievable-shutdown-of-philippines-major-broadcaster-worries-many\">renew the license\u003c/a> of the country’s largest broadcaster and shut it down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Duterte left office in 2022 and is now awaiting \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/13/nx-s1-5326081/rodrigo-duterte-to-face-trial-in-the-hague-for-charges-of-crimes-against-humanity\">trial in The Hague\u003c/a> on charges of crimes against humanity for allegedly allowing tens of thousands of extrajudicial killings during his war on the country’s drug trade. But Ressa says the damage he did to the news media endures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That network, even after the end of Duterte’s reign, never got its license … back,” says Ressa, who once ran the broadcaster herself. “What is damaged in this time period, what is destroyed, stays destroyed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ressa won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2021 for standing up to Duterte’s attacks on her and her news site, Rappler. At one point, she faced the possibility of more than a century in prison on tax evasion and cyber-libel charges that human rights groups say were politically motivated. Ressa is spending this semester teaching at Columbia University. A dual citizen, she has a message for people here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Americans are slow to respond, but I know what fear does,” she says. “Don’t let fear paralyze you because you are at your strongest now, and every day you do not act and hold the line on your rights, you get weaker.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Last year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/expert/david-koranyi/\">David Koranyi\u003c/a> attended his mother’s 70th birthday party back home in Hungary, but the indirect route he took highlights the \u003ca href=\"https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20220909IPR40137/meps-hungary-can-no-longer-be-considered-a-full-democracy\">autocratic rule\u003c/a> that grips his homeland. Instead of flying straight to Hungary, Koranyi flew to neighboring Austria and then turned off his phone and drove across the border where there was no passport control and he knew he could slip in undetected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koranyi runs an organization called \u003ca href=\"https://www.actionfordemocracy.org/\">Action for Democracy\u003c/a> that has mobilized Hungarians overseas to vote back home, where political scientists say Prime Minister Viktor Orbán has tilted the electoral landscape toward his ruling party. The government says Koranyi threatens Hungary’s sovereignty; pro-government media routinely call him an “enemy of the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Friends and even embassies in Hungary … told me that maybe it’s better if I don’t come back to Hungary anytime soon,” says Koranyi, who was concerned Orbán’s government might try to detain him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Threats like this are one reason Koranyi came to America and became a citizen in 2022. So, he’s been struck to see U.S. government agents stopping and aggressively questioning people — including \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2025/04/18/us/us-citizen-detained-canada/index.html\">citizens\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/u-s-detention-of-european-and-canadian-tourists-creates-fear-over-traveling-to-america\">tourists\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.wgbh.org/news/local/2025-03-14/green-card-holder-from-new-hampshire-interrogated-at-logan-airport-detained\">green-card holders\u003c/a> — returning to America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038554\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038554\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-800x1000.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-1020x1275.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-160x200.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-2-1229x1536.jpg 1229w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amir Makled is a Michigan-based attorney who was detained by federal agents when returning to the US from a family vacation. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Amir Makled)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They include \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/09/nx-s1-5357455/attorney-detained-by-immigration-authorities\">Michigan lawyer Amir Makled\u003c/a>, who was stopped at Detroit Metro Airport in early April as he returned from a family vacation. Makled, who said agents asked to search his phone, thinks he was targeted because he represents a pro-Palestinian protester at the University of Michigan.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘I’m not going to be a dictator’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“I never in a million years would have imagined that atmosphere of fear and that random searches at border crossings and looking into people’s phones … is something that I would live through in my life in the United States,” says Koranyi, who lives in New York.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Countless people have left authoritarian countries for the promise of freedom and safety in the United States. NPR reached out to Koranyi and a dozen others to get their impressions of the Trump administration’s first several months in power. Most — but not all — said some of the administration’s tactics reminded them of those used by the regimes they fled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, a survey in February found that \u003ca href=\"https://brightlinewatch.org/\">hundreds of U.S.-based scholars\u003c/a> think the United States is moving swiftly from a liberal democracy toward some form of authoritarianism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is an elected government, obviously, but it is behaving as an authoritarian one,” says Steven Levitsky, a professor of government at Harvard University and co-author of \u003cem>How Democracies Die\u003c/em>. “It is engaging in a rapid and systematic weaponization of the machinery of government and its deployment to punish rivals, to protect allies and to bully elements of the media.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Some immigrants say Trump is the victim\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Last fall, President Trump insisted he would not be an autocrat beyond Inauguration Day, when he said he would all but lock down the southern border and green-light drilling for energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After that I’m not going to be a dictator,” Trump pledged to applause at a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TI0TfaIpr9s\">Fox News town hall\u003c/a> during the campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some U.S. immigrants from authoritarian countries say Trump has kept his word. \u003ca href=\"https://www.heritage.org/china/heritage-explains/lily-tang-williams-growing-communist-china\">Lily Tang Williams\u003c/a>, who is \u003ca href=\"https://www.wmur.com/article/lily-tang-williams-2026-campaign-congress-nh-0425/64437326\">running for Congress\u003c/a> for a third time in New Hampshire as a Republican, says it wasn’t Trump but former President Joe Biden, who most reminded her of the authoritarian leaders back in her homeland, China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Who censored us during the COVID times [and] put us in Facebook jail?” Tang Williams said in an interview with NPR. “It was not Trump. Trump himself was censored.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tang Williams says she blames the Biden administration for \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/zuckerberg-says-the-white-house-pressured-facebook-to-censor-some-covid-19-content-during-the-pandemic\">putting pressure\u003c/a> on Facebook and Twitter to crack down on certain posts, including a meme she said she posted about mask mandates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration has said it was encouraging responsible action to protect public health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the Trump administration’s tactics have unsettled immigrants such as Koranyi, they’ve instilled fear in others, such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.middlebury.edu/college/people/fulya-pinar\">Fulya Pinar\u003c/a>, a professor at Middlebury College in Vermont.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038555\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038555\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan (left) and Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán shake hands after a joint statement at the Carmelite Monastery in Budapest, Hungary, in 2023. \u003ccite>(Denes Erdos/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Similar authoritarian tactics by Turkey’s Erdogan\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pinar grew up in Turkey and says she watched Recep Tayyip Erdogan, the country’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/05/13/1175887249/turkey-recep-tayyip-erdogan-leader-president-election\">autocratic president\u003c/a>, attack scholars and consolidate power over the news media. She says she moved to the U.S. in 2016 to study for her Ph.D. and to have intellectual freedom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was about survival as an academic,” Pinar recalls, “to be able to continue thinking, teaching, writing without fear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since taking office, Trump has withheld or threatened to withhold \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/02/1242229717/who-loses-when-trump-cuts-funding-to-universities\">billions of dollars\u003c/a> in federal contracts and research grants from universities, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/14/nx-s1-5364829/trump-administration-freezes-funds-after-harvard-rejects-dei-demands\">Harvard\u003c/a>, saying they haven’t done enough to fight antisemitism. In this atmosphere, Pinar worries some students could report her. She’s teaching Anthropologies of the Middle East this semester and doing so differently than in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her lectures, for instance, Pinar used to cite death tolls for conflicts such as the war in Gaza. Now, she directs students to readings where they can find answers on their own. It’s a way to insulate herself from charges of bias.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Fear in college classrooms\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“I’m trying to be more careful,” says Pinar, who is untenured. “At the end of the semester, students usually provide feedback about professors, and then your promotion depends on that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pinar’s worries are representative, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://criticalissues.umd.edu/middle-east-scholar-barometer\">Middle East Scholar Barometer\u003c/a>, which tracks the opinions of scholars who teach about the region. A survey in February found 57% of professors in the U.S. felt more pressure under the Trump administration to self-censor when discussing Israeli-Palestinian issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having left Turkey’s autocracy for America’s freedom, Pinar says she never saw a period like this coming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel quite fragile because I feel like I can’t work freely here,” Pinar continues. “It just feels like I’m stuck.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to taking on universities, the Trump administration has also targeted news organizations that cover the president critically. The Federal Communications Commission is investigating broadcast news networks — including ABC, CBS and NBC — over allegations that they have \u003ca href=\"https://deadline.com/2025/01/fcc-complaints-trump-cbs-nbc-abc-1236263995/\">favored Democrats\u003c/a>. Trump has also attacked public broadcasters. In a social media post, he called NPR and PBS\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/16/nx-s1-5366151/president-trump-plans-order-to-cut-funding-for-npr-and-pbs\"> “radical left monsters”\u003c/a> that hurt the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038557\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038557\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-3-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maria Ressa gestures after she and her online news outfit Rappler were acquitted of tax evasion cases against her at the Court of Tax Appeals in Quezon City, Metro Manila, in January 2023. \u003ccite>(Jam Sta Rosa/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Threatening to strip licenses from TV news broadcasters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Journalist \u003ca href=\"https://www.sipa.columbia.edu/communities-connections/faculty/maria-ressa\">Maria Ressa\u003c/a> says Rodrigo Duterte, the Philippines’ autocratic former president, used similar tactics. In 2020, Duterte’s government refused to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/05/09/853217038/it-s-unbelievable-shutdown-of-philippines-major-broadcaster-worries-many\">renew the license\u003c/a> of the country’s largest broadcaster and shut it down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Duterte left office in 2022 and is now awaiting \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/13/nx-s1-5326081/rodrigo-duterte-to-face-trial-in-the-hague-for-charges-of-crimes-against-humanity\">trial in The Hague\u003c/a> on charges of crimes against humanity for allegedly allowing tens of thousands of extrajudicial killings during his war on the country’s drug trade. But Ressa says the damage he did to the news media endures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That network, even after the end of Duterte’s reign, never got its license … back,” says Ressa, who once ran the broadcaster herself. “What is damaged in this time period, what is destroyed, stays destroyed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ressa won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2021 for standing up to Duterte’s attacks on her and her news site, Rappler. At one point, she faced the possibility of more than a century in prison on tax evasion and cyber-libel charges that human rights groups say were politically motivated. Ressa is spending this semester teaching at Columbia University. A dual citizen, she has a message for people here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Americans are slow to respond, but I know what fear does,” she says. “Don’t let fear paralyze you because you are at your strongest now, and every day you do not act and hold the line on your rights, you get weaker.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "50-years-after-the-fall-of-saigon-how-can-vietnamese-american-families-come-to-terms-with-the-past",
"title": "50 Years After the Fall of Saigon, How Can Vietnamese American Families Process the Past?",
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"content": "\u003cp>Growing up in Orange County’s Little Saigon, HaNhi Tran said she didn’t have time for many conversations with her parents about their past in Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t the norm to talk. They were focused on surviving and working. She was focused on school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We didn’t have a lot of time together,” Tran said. “I didn’t even know what to ask.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she knew the broad strokes around what happened to her family in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037680/san-jose-became-home-betty-duong-vietnamese-americans\">April 1975\u003c/a>, or “Black April”: when American soldiers pulled out of South Vietnam and the decades-long war officially ended. Over those years, it’s estimated that approximately \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/apr/29/50-years-on-from-the-fall-of-saigon-and-the-end-of-the-vietnam-war\">2 million Vietnamese civilians\u003c/a> were killed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tran knew how harrowing the war was for her parents. Her father, who was in the South Vietnamese military, was imprisoned in a labor camp for years. After his release, he met her mother and the pair fled the country, just the two of them. They arrived in America as refugees by boat — a journey so dangerous \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/lastdays/firstdaysstoryproject/slideshow/boat-peoples-journey/\">many people were lost at sea\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recalling her family’s story makes Tran tear up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have so much gratitude that I’m not sure I knew to have back then,” she said. “I wouldn’t be able to go to school here, be a professional, be a lawyer and now giving back to the community in the way that I am, without that sacrifice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Opening up conversations \u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Tran is currently the senior manager at Santa Clara County’s \u003ca href=\"https://vasc.santaclaracounty.gov/home\">Vietnamese American Service Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county was a major place for refugees to settle after the war, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.sccoe.org/news/NR/Pages/NewModelCurriculumUnveiledtoEducators.aspx\">10% of San José residents identify\u003c/a> as Vietnamese American — making it the largest Vietnamese population for a single city outside of Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://vasc.santaclaracounty.gov/about-us\">VASC was born in 2022 \u003c/a>out of \u003ca href=\"https://files.santaclaracounty.gov/migrated/vha-full-2011_0.pdf?VersionId=htyMDKO7wy0w3nfVLKUp6R3k3X4z17j8\">an earlier county health assessment\u003c/a> that found disparities in mental and physical health care for the Vietnamese population — as well as trouble accessing services due to language barriers. Tran described VASC as a “one stop shop,” helping people access \u003ca href=\"https://vasc.santaclaracounty.gov/services/find-healthcare-services\">resources as varied\u003c/a> as legal help to the senior nutrition programs and internal medicine, but also functioning as a community space where people — especially elders — gather for yoga, dancing and karaoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=forum_2010101909727 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/04/GettyImages-515513498-1-1020x574.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am so proud to say in the three years that we’ve existed and operated, we’ve become a really trusted place for the community,” Tran said, adding that VASC also serves other communities like Spanish speakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through the month of April, VASC held a series of events exploring the 50th anniversary of Black April. During these events, Tran saw that some seniors are eager to share their story with the younger generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re worried … as we move farther and farther away from 1975, that what they experienced, it’s going to be forgotten,” Tran said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The passing of this anniversary — which is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037680/san-jose-became-home-betty-duong-vietnamese-americans\">complex within the diaspora itself\u003c/a> — and the attendant media coverage may be bringing up painful memories for many Vietnamese and Vietnamese Americans. But if you’re seeing this up-close, how can you sensitively talk about these complicated feelings and events?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of times, this is an experience many people don’t want to revisit.” said Justin Hu-Nguyen, the co-executive director of mobility justice at Bike East Bay who previously worked at the Southeast Asian Development Center in San Francisco. “They want to stay closed, but that is what makes it harder for them to process that trauma and really build forward on it … it seems like yesterday for a lot of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED spoke to community leaders, activists and mental health experts on how to connect with older family and community members about this particular anniversary — balanced with the complexities of navigating your family’s history for your own mental health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038198\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038198\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-16-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-16-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-16-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-16-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-16-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-16-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-16-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Vietnamese American Service Center in San José, stands inside the center on April 29, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Doing the research …\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Michelle Vo, \u003ca href=\"https://www.michellevolcsw.com/\">a social worker based in Cupertino\u003c/a> whose clients are majority Asian American, is herself is the daughter of Vietnamese immigrants — and suggested that \u003cem>before \u003c/em>starting a conversation with elders, younger generations in the diaspora should first try doing their own research about the Fall of Saigon, to put things into context.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My dad was only 12. My mother was only 10,” Vo said — and knowing this, she said,“provides a very compassionate approach of, ‘They were just children trying to survive, or growing up, in such an unstable and traumatizing situation.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tran said she became more familiar with the details about Black April — and thus about the context for her family’s history — through her involvement with the Vietnamese American community growing up, and helping with events about Black April.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I learned so much that I didn’t know,” she said. “Because I didn’t even know \u003cem>what \u003c/em>questions to ask my parents.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038193\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038193\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250424-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250424-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250424-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250424-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250424-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250424-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250424-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Therapist Michelle Vo stands outside of her office in Cupertino on April 24, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Knowing more about the circumstances also helped Tran understand the context of some of the decisions her parents made for her family — and let go of some lingering resentments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that’s just so important: to have a conversation with them where it’s truly about understanding,” she said. “Versus coming from a place of some of this generational trauma [and] defensiveness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>… while acknowledging the challenges for your own mental health\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Vo said many Asian American children “carry ancestral wounds” of elders who have survived or grown up during war. Guilt is a major emotion her clients struggle with — “guilt of the sacrifice of what our parents and elders did, and then the pressure to uphold and make them proud.”[aside postID=news_12037893 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20250412_MIENGAMEMORIES_23-KQED-1020x680.jpg']But Vo said it is important for younger generations to know that they “are not responsible for healing their elders.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a pressure to uphold these unspoken and direct expectations to fulfill the ‘filial piety’ — which is respecting our elders, caring for them,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, this can be difficult in many Asian American households, who may have a more collectivist view of family, said Vo. “It’s definitely a privilege to learn from our heritage and the stories of suffering and resilience shared by our elders,” she said — but “it is also a privilege to be given the opportunity to take care of ourselves and forge a path because of their sacrifices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hu-Nguyen also stressed the long-term role of intergenerational trauma for Vietnamese Americans — a phenomenon formally known as the “intergenerational transfer of trauma,” first recognized in the descendants of Holocaust survivors, in which \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11616586/just-like-my-mother-how-we-inherit-our-parents-traits-and-tragedies\">trauma can literally be passed down genetically to the next generations\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether you are first generation or 1.5 or second generation, this generational trauma is something that we’re all growing with,” he said. “This is a long haul.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038199\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038199\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-09-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-09-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-09-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-09-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-09-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-09-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-09-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Attendees participate in a yoga and dancercise class at the Vietnamese American Service Center in San José on April 29, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://files.santaclaracounty.gov/migrated/vha-full-2011_0.pdf?VersionId=htyMDKO7wy0w3nfVLKUp6R3k3X4z17j8\">The Santa Clara Vietnamese American health survey\u003c/a> that spurred the creation of VASC found that nearly 1 in 10 Vietnamese adults reported feeling like they might need to see a health professional due to issues with their mental health, emotions, nerves, or alcohol or drugs. Meanwhile, a higher percentage of the county’s Vietnamese middle and high school students reported symptoms of depression than all Asian and Pacific Islanders, white people and students in the county overall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>”Losing your home, losing your country, sometimes the chemical warfare used back then … is very impactful to generations and generations after,” said Hu-Nguyen.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Learning to communicate, listen and watch for cues\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>People can practice active learning skills, like nodding your head, validating comments and avoiding judgement, Vo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said that younger generations can also allow loved ones to share at a “high level, without going into detail.” For example, they could ask holistic questions about their family’s favorite foods from Vietnam, or about their memories of school before the end of the war.[aside postID=news_11616586 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/My-Linh-Le-packing-1180x885.jpg']“Concern about re-traumatization of ‘opening old wounds’ is a very natural worry during any type of anniversary, any grief anniversary, death anniversary,” Vo said. But family members are “not the mental health professionals, so we don’t need to ‘heal’ or ‘solve’ … just be active listeners, with ears perked up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During this conversation, Vo said that it helps to keep track of your elder’s physical cues — in case it’s time to pause and assess how they are feeling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are they making eye contact?” Vo explained. “Are they breathing a different way? Are they pacing or kind of moving? Are they getting teary?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said many in the community find it difficult to express their feelings verbally, so it can be helpful to be lightly vigilant for family members giving any physical cues for hitting pause on a conversation that’s perhaps getting too intense for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They might say, actually, ‘I’m hungry. Oh, Mom has a headache,’” Vo advised.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Meeting people where they’re at — and decentering therapy\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Vo said one of the most important tips is meeting people “where they are” — and not insisting that elders immediately open up or go to therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mental health, she explained, is still “very much stigmatized” in \u003ca href=\"https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/confronting-mental-health-barriers-asian-american-and-2\">Asian and Vietnamese communities\u003c/a>. “We might have our agenda to heal and support, but the best way that we can be compassionate is to be curious about where people would like to go,” she said. “And most importantly, meet people where they are, shoulder by shoulder: ‘I’m here with you.’”[aside postID=news_12037680 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20240403_BETTYDUONG_GC-12-KQED-1020x680.jpg']Vo said people should think on how they’ve seen their elders manage their emotions or discuss vulnerable topics in the past. Younger generations should try asking themselves, “Is this something I even want to talk about? Is it healthy for us to do?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Talking about trauma can be, of course, important,” she said. “However, what is most important is that individuals who \u003cem>experience \u003c/em>that trauma have control over their reaction and emotional responses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is where you can take the lead from your elders, Vo said. If they want to talk, listen attentively. If they don’t, you can reassure them that you are still interested and can perhaps nudge them to talk to someone else in their family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Elders also want to protect their young,” stressed Vo, “so talking about emotions can bring up feelings of shame. And because they have had such a different lived experience here in America, transferring that emotional burden to our children can also be very difficult for elders too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you sense your family member is just not ready to talk with you, you can care for them in other ways, she said. On or around Black April, she said, you could suggest going on walks, having meals together as a family, going on errands or joining them on their favorite activities — just staying present.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Knowing talk therapy may not be for everyone\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Hu-Nguyen notes that therapy “is a very Western way of seeing things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How do we really give them the support and really feel included as a community and a way that they can find healing and restoration?” he said. “A lot of people feel, especially elders, [they] haven’t been talking about it. [They] feel that they’re alone in this hurt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But “there’s a community there to help,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vo added that not everyone “benefits from externally speaking and processing,” and that “some people and some cultures or generations benefit from a sense of belonging and security of having their families present with them without directly saying it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hu-Nguyen said culturally, some people may find it hard to ask elders intrusive questions. There are ways he recommended to circumvent this feeling, by asking people to write down their stories, share a poem, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037891/how-paris-by-night-became-the-spirit-of-vietnamese-american-life\">watch other stories around Vietnam\u003c/a> or immerse themselves in art projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those things are really important for sharing what’s on their heart and how to approach it — in a way that isn’t as direct or confrontational,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>‘Leveling expectations’ and finding other spaces\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Flooding someone’s feelings by asking many questions about the past, Vo said, can be “a lot for anyone to experience.” And some younger generations may need to acknowledge that “some people might not feel ready to speak about it, while some folks might not want to ever stop talking about it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vo said that as you prepare to speak with someone, “level your expectations” and “think about how they showed up in the past.”[aside postID=arts_13975100 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2025/04/tony-looking-at-urns-4-1020x574.jpeg']“Of course, we will feel disappointed when they don’t show up fully as warm or accepting,” Vo said. In these situations, she said, it’s important for younger generations not just to check their patience and learn “the skills to self-soothe,” but also to have “other spaces to allow us to open up fully.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other spaces could include Vietnamese American community centers and groups. Tran said at VASC, she noticed that some elders were willing to open up about their family history to younger generations \u003cem>not \u003c/em>in their family — especially those who are eager listeners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re more willing to share it because you don’t have the same complications or potential baggage sometimes that exists within a family,” she said. She added that staff members and other community members often work as “proxies” for their younger family members. And it works both ways — for the staff, elders may likely have a similar experience as their parents or grandparents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope that it’s two-way,” she said. “Learning their stories is healing for me and my generation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tran said her connection to Vietnamese American communities gave her a “stronger sense of identity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes me feel like you want to really honor our collective communities’ resilience,” she said, “but then in some ways it inspires me, and us, to think about other communities that may be facing challenges now — other refugee communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That preservation of history — and connection to culture and traditions — is important, Hu-Nguyen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There [was] a moment where I think a lot of the community wanted to close their eyes and not remember it,” he said. “But … here we are, we build our community up from so little to one where people are graduates. We have people in Congress … We have people in leadership roles, entrepreneurs. And that’s such a joy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even more so with the context of where we are and who we are, and who our community was, and who our ancestors are,” he said. “And I think that’s lost if we become ahistorical.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>How you can find more resources and support\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Having mental health support that is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13881725/where-to-find-affordable-culturally-competent-therapy-in-bay-area-and-beyond\">culturally competent and familiar with a client’s background\u003c/a> can be a major way to build trust — especially with groups who historically have a stigma surrounding mental health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a person walks into VASC, “you’ll see that even though we provide behavioral health services, we don’t label it as such,” Tran said. “Because we don’t want them to feel, ‘Oh, my neighbor is going to know my business if I show up to that clinic that has a sign on it that has ‘behavior health.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said that the connections VASC is able to make with programming — like exercise classes — allows staff members to build relationships with elders, and then nudge them to the clinic, if the time is right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038194\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038194\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Attendees participate in a yoga and dancercise class at the Vietnamese American Service Center in San José on April 29, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>According to the latest data from the American Psychological Association, only \u003ca href=\"https://www.apa.org/workforce/data-tools/demographics\">around 4% of active psychologists in the United States\u003c/a> identify as Asian, compared to 79% white psychologists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another major barrier for Asian American communities in accessing mental health and other resources in California is language — especially when those languages are as varied as, say, Khmer and Lao, Hu-Nguyen said. And without language access or culturally competent resources, people who “need it the most” will be missed entirely, he warned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the hard part is that the diaspora is so diasporic,” Hu-Nguyen said — not every Asian American population around the Bay Area is as dense as Santa Clara’s Vietnamese American community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Talking to your elected officials really helps find resources,” he advised. “Pushing for these community centers to have different language access is really important.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hu-Nguyen said another major way to fill these gaps is directly training young people of the diaspora — whether Cambodian or Burmese or Vietnamese — into mental health and community programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Making sure the community can serve the community is really important,” he said. “They’re the ones that share a narrative with their elders and also carry that. And how do they help process together, as a community?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Physical and mental health resources for Asian American communities in the Bay Area include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.asianmhc.org/\">Asian Mental Health Collective\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.asianmentalhealthproject.com/\">Asian Mental Health Project\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://vasc.santaclaracounty.gov/home\">Vietnamese American Service Center\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://aaci.org/\">Asian Americans for Community Involvement\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Local churches and temples\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Reaching out to a local nonprofit or community center focused on mental health\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.vacceb.org/\">Vietnamese American Community Center of The East Bay\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://seadcenter.org/\">Southeast Asian Development Center\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/778/how-to-do-therapy-with-sahaj-kohli\">Brown Girl Therapy\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://searac.org/\">Southeast Asian Community Center\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.viet-care.org/mental-health-outreach-services\">Viet Care\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ocapica.org/shine.html\">Project SHINE-OC\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The passing of this anniversary and the attendant media coverage may be bringing up painful memories for many Vietnamese Americans. Intergenerational dialogue could help cope with complex and often painful feelings in the Vietnamese diaspora 50 years on.",
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"title": "50 Years After the Fall of Saigon, How Can Vietnamese American Families Process the Past? | KQED",
"description": "The passing of this anniversary and the attendant media coverage may be bringing up painful memories for many Vietnamese Americans. Intergenerational dialogue could help cope with complex and often painful feelings in the Vietnamese diaspora 50 years on.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Growing up in Orange County’s Little Saigon, HaNhi Tran said she didn’t have time for many conversations with her parents about their past in Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t the norm to talk. They were focused on surviving and working. She was focused on school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We didn’t have a lot of time together,” Tran said. “I didn’t even know what to ask.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she knew the broad strokes around what happened to her family in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037680/san-jose-became-home-betty-duong-vietnamese-americans\">April 1975\u003c/a>, or “Black April”: when American soldiers pulled out of South Vietnam and the decades-long war officially ended. Over those years, it’s estimated that approximately \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/apr/29/50-years-on-from-the-fall-of-saigon-and-the-end-of-the-vietnam-war\">2 million Vietnamese civilians\u003c/a> were killed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tran knew how harrowing the war was for her parents. Her father, who was in the South Vietnamese military, was imprisoned in a labor camp for years. After his release, he met her mother and the pair fled the country, just the two of them. They arrived in America as refugees by boat — a journey so dangerous \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/lastdays/firstdaysstoryproject/slideshow/boat-peoples-journey/\">many people were lost at sea\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recalling her family’s story makes Tran tear up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have so much gratitude that I’m not sure I knew to have back then,” she said. “I wouldn’t be able to go to school here, be a professional, be a lawyer and now giving back to the community in the way that I am, without that sacrifice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Opening up conversations \u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Tran is currently the senior manager at Santa Clara County’s \u003ca href=\"https://vasc.santaclaracounty.gov/home\">Vietnamese American Service Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county was a major place for refugees to settle after the war, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.sccoe.org/news/NR/Pages/NewModelCurriculumUnveiledtoEducators.aspx\">10% of San José residents identify\u003c/a> as Vietnamese American — making it the largest Vietnamese population for a single city outside of Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://vasc.santaclaracounty.gov/about-us\">VASC was born in 2022 \u003c/a>out of \u003ca href=\"https://files.santaclaracounty.gov/migrated/vha-full-2011_0.pdf?VersionId=htyMDKO7wy0w3nfVLKUp6R3k3X4z17j8\">an earlier county health assessment\u003c/a> that found disparities in mental and physical health care for the Vietnamese population — as well as trouble accessing services due to language barriers. Tran described VASC as a “one stop shop,” helping people access \u003ca href=\"https://vasc.santaclaracounty.gov/services/find-healthcare-services\">resources as varied\u003c/a> as legal help to the senior nutrition programs and internal medicine, but also functioning as a community space where people — especially elders — gather for yoga, dancing and karaoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am so proud to say in the three years that we’ve existed and operated, we’ve become a really trusted place for the community,” Tran said, adding that VASC also serves other communities like Spanish speakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through the month of April, VASC held a series of events exploring the 50th anniversary of Black April. During these events, Tran saw that some seniors are eager to share their story with the younger generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re worried … as we move farther and farther away from 1975, that what they experienced, it’s going to be forgotten,” Tran said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The passing of this anniversary — which is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037680/san-jose-became-home-betty-duong-vietnamese-americans\">complex within the diaspora itself\u003c/a> — and the attendant media coverage may be bringing up painful memories for many Vietnamese and Vietnamese Americans. But if you’re seeing this up-close, how can you sensitively talk about these complicated feelings and events?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of times, this is an experience many people don’t want to revisit.” said Justin Hu-Nguyen, the co-executive director of mobility justice at Bike East Bay who previously worked at the Southeast Asian Development Center in San Francisco. “They want to stay closed, but that is what makes it harder for them to process that trauma and really build forward on it … it seems like yesterday for a lot of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED spoke to community leaders, activists and mental health experts on how to connect with older family and community members about this particular anniversary — balanced with the complexities of navigating your family’s history for your own mental health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038198\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038198\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-16-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-16-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-16-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-16-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-16-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-16-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-16-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Vietnamese American Service Center in San José, stands inside the center on April 29, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Doing the research …\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Michelle Vo, \u003ca href=\"https://www.michellevolcsw.com/\">a social worker based in Cupertino\u003c/a> whose clients are majority Asian American, is herself is the daughter of Vietnamese immigrants — and suggested that \u003cem>before \u003c/em>starting a conversation with elders, younger generations in the diaspora should first try doing their own research about the Fall of Saigon, to put things into context.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My dad was only 12. My mother was only 10,” Vo said — and knowing this, she said,“provides a very compassionate approach of, ‘They were just children trying to survive, or growing up, in such an unstable and traumatizing situation.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tran said she became more familiar with the details about Black April — and thus about the context for her family’s history — through her involvement with the Vietnamese American community growing up, and helping with events about Black April.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I learned so much that I didn’t know,” she said. “Because I didn’t even know \u003cem>what \u003c/em>questions to ask my parents.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038193\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038193\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250424-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250424-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250424-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250424-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250424-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250424-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250424-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Therapist Michelle Vo stands outside of her office in Cupertino on April 24, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Knowing more about the circumstances also helped Tran understand the context of some of the decisions her parents made for her family — and let go of some lingering resentments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that’s just so important: to have a conversation with them where it’s truly about understanding,” she said. “Versus coming from a place of some of this generational trauma [and] defensiveness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>… while acknowledging the challenges for your own mental health\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Vo said many Asian American children “carry ancestral wounds” of elders who have survived or grown up during war. Guilt is a major emotion her clients struggle with — “guilt of the sacrifice of what our parents and elders did, and then the pressure to uphold and make them proud.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But Vo said it is important for younger generations to know that they “are not responsible for healing their elders.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a pressure to uphold these unspoken and direct expectations to fulfill the ‘filial piety’ — which is respecting our elders, caring for them,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, this can be difficult in many Asian American households, who may have a more collectivist view of family, said Vo. “It’s definitely a privilege to learn from our heritage and the stories of suffering and resilience shared by our elders,” she said — but “it is also a privilege to be given the opportunity to take care of ourselves and forge a path because of their sacrifices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hu-Nguyen also stressed the long-term role of intergenerational trauma for Vietnamese Americans — a phenomenon formally known as the “intergenerational transfer of trauma,” first recognized in the descendants of Holocaust survivors, in which \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11616586/just-like-my-mother-how-we-inherit-our-parents-traits-and-tragedies\">trauma can literally be passed down genetically to the next generations\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether you are first generation or 1.5 or second generation, this generational trauma is something that we’re all growing with,” he said. “This is a long haul.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038199\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038199\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-09-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-09-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-09-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-09-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-09-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-09-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-09-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Attendees participate in a yoga and dancercise class at the Vietnamese American Service Center in San José on April 29, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://files.santaclaracounty.gov/migrated/vha-full-2011_0.pdf?VersionId=htyMDKO7wy0w3nfVLKUp6R3k3X4z17j8\">The Santa Clara Vietnamese American health survey\u003c/a> that spurred the creation of VASC found that nearly 1 in 10 Vietnamese adults reported feeling like they might need to see a health professional due to issues with their mental health, emotions, nerves, or alcohol or drugs. Meanwhile, a higher percentage of the county’s Vietnamese middle and high school students reported symptoms of depression than all Asian and Pacific Islanders, white people and students in the county overall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>”Losing your home, losing your country, sometimes the chemical warfare used back then … is very impactful to generations and generations after,” said Hu-Nguyen.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Learning to communicate, listen and watch for cues\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>People can practice active learning skills, like nodding your head, validating comments and avoiding judgement, Vo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said that younger generations can also allow loved ones to share at a “high level, without going into detail.” For example, they could ask holistic questions about their family’s favorite foods from Vietnam, or about their memories of school before the end of the war.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Concern about re-traumatization of ‘opening old wounds’ is a very natural worry during any type of anniversary, any grief anniversary, death anniversary,” Vo said. But family members are “not the mental health professionals, so we don’t need to ‘heal’ or ‘solve’ … just be active listeners, with ears perked up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During this conversation, Vo said that it helps to keep track of your elder’s physical cues — in case it’s time to pause and assess how they are feeling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are they making eye contact?” Vo explained. “Are they breathing a different way? Are they pacing or kind of moving? Are they getting teary?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said many in the community find it difficult to express their feelings verbally, so it can be helpful to be lightly vigilant for family members giving any physical cues for hitting pause on a conversation that’s perhaps getting too intense for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They might say, actually, ‘I’m hungry. Oh, Mom has a headache,’” Vo advised.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Meeting people where they’re at — and decentering therapy\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Vo said one of the most important tips is meeting people “where they are” — and not insisting that elders immediately open up or go to therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mental health, she explained, is still “very much stigmatized” in \u003ca href=\"https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/confronting-mental-health-barriers-asian-american-and-2\">Asian and Vietnamese communities\u003c/a>. “We might have our agenda to heal and support, but the best way that we can be compassionate is to be curious about where people would like to go,” she said. “And most importantly, meet people where they are, shoulder by shoulder: ‘I’m here with you.’”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Vo said people should think on how they’ve seen their elders manage their emotions or discuss vulnerable topics in the past. Younger generations should try asking themselves, “Is this something I even want to talk about? Is it healthy for us to do?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Talking about trauma can be, of course, important,” she said. “However, what is most important is that individuals who \u003cem>experience \u003c/em>that trauma have control over their reaction and emotional responses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is where you can take the lead from your elders, Vo said. If they want to talk, listen attentively. If they don’t, you can reassure them that you are still interested and can perhaps nudge them to talk to someone else in their family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Elders also want to protect their young,” stressed Vo, “so talking about emotions can bring up feelings of shame. And because they have had such a different lived experience here in America, transferring that emotional burden to our children can also be very difficult for elders too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you sense your family member is just not ready to talk with you, you can care for them in other ways, she said. On or around Black April, she said, you could suggest going on walks, having meals together as a family, going on errands or joining them on their favorite activities — just staying present.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Knowing talk therapy may not be for everyone\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Hu-Nguyen notes that therapy “is a very Western way of seeing things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How do we really give them the support and really feel included as a community and a way that they can find healing and restoration?” he said. “A lot of people feel, especially elders, [they] haven’t been talking about it. [They] feel that they’re alone in this hurt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But “there’s a community there to help,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vo added that not everyone “benefits from externally speaking and processing,” and that “some people and some cultures or generations benefit from a sense of belonging and security of having their families present with them without directly saying it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hu-Nguyen said culturally, some people may find it hard to ask elders intrusive questions. There are ways he recommended to circumvent this feeling, by asking people to write down their stories, share a poem, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037891/how-paris-by-night-became-the-spirit-of-vietnamese-american-life\">watch other stories around Vietnam\u003c/a> or immerse themselves in art projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those things are really important for sharing what’s on their heart and how to approach it — in a way that isn’t as direct or confrontational,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>‘Leveling expectations’ and finding other spaces\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Flooding someone’s feelings by asking many questions about the past, Vo said, can be “a lot for anyone to experience.” And some younger generations may need to acknowledge that “some people might not feel ready to speak about it, while some folks might not want to ever stop talking about it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vo said that as you prepare to speak with someone, “level your expectations” and “think about how they showed up in the past.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Of course, we will feel disappointed when they don’t show up fully as warm or accepting,” Vo said. In these situations, she said, it’s important for younger generations not just to check their patience and learn “the skills to self-soothe,” but also to have “other spaces to allow us to open up fully.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other spaces could include Vietnamese American community centers and groups. Tran said at VASC, she noticed that some elders were willing to open up about their family history to younger generations \u003cem>not \u003c/em>in their family — especially those who are eager listeners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re more willing to share it because you don’t have the same complications or potential baggage sometimes that exists within a family,” she said. She added that staff members and other community members often work as “proxies” for their younger family members. And it works both ways — for the staff, elders may likely have a similar experience as their parents or grandparents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope that it’s two-way,” she said. “Learning their stories is healing for me and my generation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tran said her connection to Vietnamese American communities gave her a “stronger sense of identity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes me feel like you want to really honor our collective communities’ resilience,” she said, “but then in some ways it inspires me, and us, to think about other communities that may be facing challenges now — other refugee communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That preservation of history — and connection to culture and traditions — is important, Hu-Nguyen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There [was] a moment where I think a lot of the community wanted to close their eyes and not remember it,” he said. “But … here we are, we build our community up from so little to one where people are graduates. We have people in Congress … We have people in leadership roles, entrepreneurs. And that’s such a joy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even more so with the context of where we are and who we are, and who our community was, and who our ancestors are,” he said. “And I think that’s lost if we become ahistorical.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>How you can find more resources and support\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Having mental health support that is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13881725/where-to-find-affordable-culturally-competent-therapy-in-bay-area-and-beyond\">culturally competent and familiar with a client’s background\u003c/a> can be a major way to build trust — especially with groups who historically have a stigma surrounding mental health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a person walks into VASC, “you’ll see that even though we provide behavioral health services, we don’t label it as such,” Tran said. “Because we don’t want them to feel, ‘Oh, my neighbor is going to know my business if I show up to that clinic that has a sign on it that has ‘behavior health.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said that the connections VASC is able to make with programming — like exercise classes — allows staff members to build relationships with elders, and then nudge them to the clinic, if the time is right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038194\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038194\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-02-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Attendees participate in a yoga and dancercise class at the Vietnamese American Service Center in San José on April 29, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>According to the latest data from the American Psychological Association, only \u003ca href=\"https://www.apa.org/workforce/data-tools/demographics\">around 4% of active psychologists in the United States\u003c/a> identify as Asian, compared to 79% white psychologists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another major barrier for Asian American communities in accessing mental health and other resources in California is language — especially when those languages are as varied as, say, Khmer and Lao, Hu-Nguyen said. And without language access or culturally competent resources, people who “need it the most” will be missed entirely, he warned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the hard part is that the diaspora is so diasporic,” Hu-Nguyen said — not every Asian American population around the Bay Area is as dense as Santa Clara’s Vietnamese American community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Talking to your elected officials really helps find resources,” he advised. “Pushing for these community centers to have different language access is really important.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hu-Nguyen said another major way to fill these gaps is directly training young people of the diaspora — whether Cambodian or Burmese or Vietnamese — into mental health and community programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Making sure the community can serve the community is really important,” he said. “They’re the ones that share a narrative with their elders and also carry that. And how do they help process together, as a community?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Physical and mental health resources for Asian American communities in the Bay Area include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.asianmhc.org/\">Asian Mental Health Collective\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.asianmentalhealthproject.com/\">Asian Mental Health Project\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://vasc.santaclaracounty.gov/home\">Vietnamese American Service Center\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://aaci.org/\">Asian Americans for Community Involvement\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Local churches and temples\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Reaching out to a local nonprofit or community center focused on mental health\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.vacceb.org/\">Vietnamese American Community Center of The East Bay\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://seadcenter.org/\">Southeast Asian Development Center\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/778/how-to-do-therapy-with-sahaj-kohli\">Brown Girl Therapy\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://searac.org/\">Southeast Asian Community Center\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.viet-care.org/mental-health-outreach-services\">Viet Care\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ocapica.org/shine.html\">Project SHINE-OC\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
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"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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"reveal": {
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"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"order": 16
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},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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"snap-judgment": {
"id": "snap-judgment",
"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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