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"content": "\u003cp>In commemoration of International Migrants Day, dozens of faith leaders, activists and residents marched through \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose\">San José\u003c/a> on Thursday to protest the Trump administration’s immigration policies and pressure the city to bolster investments in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/immigration\">immigration\u003c/a> legal services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Participants from the nonprofit Services, Immigrant Rights & Education Network and the multi-faith group PACT reenacted “La Posada,” a Latin American tradition dramatizing a scene in the Bible where Mary and Joseph seek shelter but are repeatedly turned away — a metaphor for the U.S.’s treatment of asylum seekers today, advocates said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joanna Becerra, a community leader with Amigos de Guadalupe, spoke through an interpreter about the critical need for legal representation. She cited the administration’s expanded funding for enforcement — an estimated $\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101910650/ices-budget-just-tripled-whats-next\">170 billion federal budget for ICE\u003c/a> — as a direct threat to families in the South Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Trump administration has put together a massive machine to deport millions of people,” Becerra said. “When people facing deportation have access to legal representation, they have a way better chance at a positive outcome.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coalition, which includes the South Bay Labor Council and Amigos de Guadalupe, is demanding that the San José City Council allocate an additional $500,000 toward the legal defense of immigrant communities. This would bring the city’s total commitment to roughly $1.5 million for legal services and rapid response networks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12060896\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12060896\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PeterOrtizKQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1505\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PeterOrtizKQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PeterOrtizKQED-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PeterOrtizKQED-1536x1156.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">District 5 San José City Councilmember Peter Ortiz speaks during a protest against ICE in South San José on June 6, 2025. \u003ccite>(Joseph Geha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The push follows similar moves in neighboring \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12059894/alameda-county-approves-3-5-million-to-scale-up-immigrant-defense-amid-ice-surge\">Alameda County\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12061844/after-trump-surge-scare-sf-supervisors-race-to-fund-immigrant-legal-defense\">San Francisco\u003c/a>, where officials recently increased their own funding for immigrant legal defense in anticipation of federal policy changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With President Donald Trump’s mass deportation program recently expanding to include attacks on naturalized citizens and challenges to birthright citizenship in the Supreme Court, San José leaders are racing to fortify local protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The council moved forward with measures to establish “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12060893/south-bay-leaders-aim-to-create-ice-free-zones\">ICE-free zones\u003c/a>” on city property—barring federal agents from using city parking lots or facilities for operations—and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12058155/san-jose-city-council-supports-ice-mask-ban-after-plainclothes-arrest\">banned federal immigration officers\u003c/a> from concealing their identities with \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12059900/san-jose-could-soon-ban-ice-from-wearing-masks\">masks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re on the offense,” said San José Councilmember Peter Ortiz, who led both of those initiatives, and who joined the march. “I was watching what happened in Chicago and Los Angeles … so I took those test cases and started doing what those legislators were doing.”[aside postID=news_12066314 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251203-SJPRIESTIMMIGRATION00043_TV-KQED.jpg']Ortiz acknowledged that the city faces a budget shortfall, meaning difficult choices lie ahead during the mid-year budget review. He stressed that funding legal defense might require cuts to other programs or outreach to philanthropy, but argued inaction is not an option.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The threat of raids has already rippled through the local economy in East San José, Ortiz said. La Perla Taqueria, a small business in his district, recently announced it would close. He attributed the struggle, in part, to a drop in clientele as fear grips the neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve spoken to businesses who have seen a 40%-50% decrease in their customers,” Ortiz said. “They’re scared to go to their local restaurants … and it’s impacting our entire ecosystem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The march made strategic stops to deliver their demands, including at the office of U.S. Rep. Zoe Lofgren (D-San José). While \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12066314/as-immigration-enforcement-escalates-how-one-south-bay-priest-is-pushing-back\">Father Jon Pedigo\u003c/a>, executive director of PACT, praised Lofgren as a longstanding ally in Congress, the group asked federal lawmakers to act with greater urgency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pedigo noted that while the Posada is traditionally a celebration of hope, the mood this year has shifted toward vigilance against rising “intolerance” and “white Christian nationalism.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see the light getting darker,” Pedigo said. “We’re knocking on doors. Not just asking, but demanding a response for justice for immigrants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12066050\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12066050 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251203-SJPRIESTIMMIGRATION00002_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251203-SJPRIESTIMMIGRATION00002_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251203-SJPRIESTIMMIGRATION00002_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251203-SJPRIESTIMMIGRATION00002_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A mural decorates the exterior of Our Lady of Guadalupe Church, where Father Jon Pedigo has worked as a priest in San José on Dec. 3, 2025. Father Pedigo, who worked with immigrant communities affected by ICE raids and deportations, left his full-time job as a priest to be a full-time organizer. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The coalition’s demands also highlighted the intersection of immigration status and housing, calling for services that specifically include unhoused residents in their planning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paul Fong of the South Bay Labor Council emphasized that the fight for immigrant rights is inextricably linked to labor rights in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our unions are negotiating right now for strong contracts, fair wages and safe working conditions,” Fong said. “The work succeeds when the broader community stands with us, especially as immigrant workers are targeted and exploited to weaken labor standards for everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking to the crowd, Huy Tran, SIREN’s executive director, reflected on his own family’s journey as refugees from Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I knew that all of us came here for the same reasons: Safety. Security. Stability,” Tran said. “We are as American as anybody else in this country. No document or decree can take that from us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The demonstration in San José coincided with similar actions in Fresno and 25 other cities across the U.S. as part of a national mobilization by the Fair Immigration Reform Movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In commemoration of International Migrants Day, dozens of faith leaders, activists and residents marched through \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose\">San José\u003c/a> on Thursday to protest the Trump administration’s immigration policies and pressure the city to bolster investments in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/immigration\">immigration\u003c/a> legal services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Participants from the nonprofit Services, Immigrant Rights & Education Network and the multi-faith group PACT reenacted “La Posada,” a Latin American tradition dramatizing a scene in the Bible where Mary and Joseph seek shelter but are repeatedly turned away — a metaphor for the U.S.’s treatment of asylum seekers today, advocates said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joanna Becerra, a community leader with Amigos de Guadalupe, spoke through an interpreter about the critical need for legal representation. She cited the administration’s expanded funding for enforcement — an estimated $\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101910650/ices-budget-just-tripled-whats-next\">170 billion federal budget for ICE\u003c/a> — as a direct threat to families in the South Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Trump administration has put together a massive machine to deport millions of people,” Becerra said. “When people facing deportation have access to legal representation, they have a way better chance at a positive outcome.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coalition, which includes the South Bay Labor Council and Amigos de Guadalupe, is demanding that the San José City Council allocate an additional $500,000 toward the legal defense of immigrant communities. This would bring the city’s total commitment to roughly $1.5 million for legal services and rapid response networks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12060896\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12060896\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PeterOrtizKQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1505\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PeterOrtizKQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PeterOrtizKQED-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PeterOrtizKQED-1536x1156.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">District 5 San José City Councilmember Peter Ortiz speaks during a protest against ICE in South San José on June 6, 2025. \u003ccite>(Joseph Geha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The push follows similar moves in neighboring \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12059894/alameda-county-approves-3-5-million-to-scale-up-immigrant-defense-amid-ice-surge\">Alameda County\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12061844/after-trump-surge-scare-sf-supervisors-race-to-fund-immigrant-legal-defense\">San Francisco\u003c/a>, where officials recently increased their own funding for immigrant legal defense in anticipation of federal policy changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With President Donald Trump’s mass deportation program recently expanding to include attacks on naturalized citizens and challenges to birthright citizenship in the Supreme Court, San José leaders are racing to fortify local protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The council moved forward with measures to establish “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12060893/south-bay-leaders-aim-to-create-ice-free-zones\">ICE-free zones\u003c/a>” on city property—barring federal agents from using city parking lots or facilities for operations—and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12058155/san-jose-city-council-supports-ice-mask-ban-after-plainclothes-arrest\">banned federal immigration officers\u003c/a> from concealing their identities with \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12059900/san-jose-could-soon-ban-ice-from-wearing-masks\">masks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re on the offense,” said San José Councilmember Peter Ortiz, who led both of those initiatives, and who joined the march. “I was watching what happened in Chicago and Los Angeles … so I took those test cases and started doing what those legislators were doing.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Ortiz acknowledged that the city faces a budget shortfall, meaning difficult choices lie ahead during the mid-year budget review. He stressed that funding legal defense might require cuts to other programs or outreach to philanthropy, but argued inaction is not an option.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The threat of raids has already rippled through the local economy in East San José, Ortiz said. La Perla Taqueria, a small business in his district, recently announced it would close. He attributed the struggle, in part, to a drop in clientele as fear grips the neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve spoken to businesses who have seen a 40%-50% decrease in their customers,” Ortiz said. “They’re scared to go to their local restaurants … and it’s impacting our entire ecosystem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The march made strategic stops to deliver their demands, including at the office of U.S. Rep. Zoe Lofgren (D-San José). While \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12066314/as-immigration-enforcement-escalates-how-one-south-bay-priest-is-pushing-back\">Father Jon Pedigo\u003c/a>, executive director of PACT, praised Lofgren as a longstanding ally in Congress, the group asked federal lawmakers to act with greater urgency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pedigo noted that while the Posada is traditionally a celebration of hope, the mood this year has shifted toward vigilance against rising “intolerance” and “white Christian nationalism.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see the light getting darker,” Pedigo said. “We’re knocking on doors. Not just asking, but demanding a response for justice for immigrants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12066050\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12066050 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251203-SJPRIESTIMMIGRATION00002_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251203-SJPRIESTIMMIGRATION00002_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251203-SJPRIESTIMMIGRATION00002_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251203-SJPRIESTIMMIGRATION00002_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A mural decorates the exterior of Our Lady of Guadalupe Church, where Father Jon Pedigo has worked as a priest in San José on Dec. 3, 2025. Father Pedigo, who worked with immigrant communities affected by ICE raids and deportations, left his full-time job as a priest to be a full-time organizer. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The coalition’s demands also highlighted the intersection of immigration status and housing, calling for services that specifically include unhoused residents in their planning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paul Fong of the South Bay Labor Council emphasized that the fight for immigrant rights is inextricably linked to labor rights in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our unions are negotiating right now for strong contracts, fair wages and safe working conditions,” Fong said. “The work succeeds when the broader community stands with us, especially as immigrant workers are targeted and exploited to weaken labor standards for everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking to the crowd, Huy Tran, SIREN’s executive director, reflected on his own family’s journey as refugees from Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I knew that all of us came here for the same reasons: Safety. Security. Stability,” Tran said. “We are as American as anybody else in this country. No document or decree can take that from us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The demonstration in San José coincided with similar actions in Fresno and 25 other cities across the U.S. as part of a national mobilization by the Fair Immigration Reform Movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "us-judge-hears-lawsuits-over-ice-arrests-at-courthouses-immigration-check-ins",
"title": "US Judge Hears Lawsuits Over ICE Arrests at Courthouses, Immigration Check-Ins",
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"headTitle": "US Judge Hears Lawsuits Over ICE Arrests at Courthouses, Immigration Check-Ins | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>After hearings on Tuesday in two related cases, a federal judge in San José is set to decide whether to temporarily block Trump administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12056762/bay-area-immigrant-advocates-sue-the-trump-administration-to-end-courthouse-arrests\">arrests at immigration courthouses\u003c/a> and check-in appointments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge P. Casey Pitts quizzed lawyers for the government, as well as for the Bay Area civil rights organizations that brought the lawsuits alleging U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement has essentially turned mandatory court hearings and ICE check-ins into traps — ensnaring people who are following the rules in hopes of winning a legal way to stay in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cases are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12060821/bay-area-advocates-head-to-court-to-halt-trump-administrations-immigration-policies\">part of a larger legal pushback\u003c/a> by immigrant advocacy groups across the country, challenging the Trump administration’s aggressive immigration enforcement tactics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since May, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement has been handcuffing asylum seekers and others in the halls of immigration courthouses and at required check-ins with ICE, resulting in more than 100 arrests in Northern and Central California. Many of those arrested had previously been granted conditional release and allowed to remain out of custody, typically after border agents had determined they were not dangerous and would show up for their hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers representing immigrants in the two cases argued that both the \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://lccrsf.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/2025-10-16-Dkt-No-94-705-Motion-Courthouse-Arrests.pdf&sa=D&source=docs&ust=1765332439579751&usg=AOvVaw2ilDpL-79bjt4YO7Bha2hI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">courthouse arrests\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.aclunc.org/sites/default/files/2025.10.16%2520%255B48%255D%2520Plts%2520705%2520Motion%2520to%2520Postpone%2520Effective%2520Date%2520of%2520Agency%2520Action%2520or%2520Preserve%2520Status%2520or%2520Rights.pdf&sa=D&source=docs&ust=1765332475568008&usg=AOvVaw1zmcS1lxWUxXtP8-mIRY04\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rearrest of people\u003c/a> who had been previously released were unheard of before this year — and called the actions arbitrary and illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just imagine if the government changed a [policy] and all of a sudden you could be thrown in jail at any time. Imagine how that would harm you. That’s how it harms our clients,” said Bree Bernwanger, a senior staff attorney for the ACLU of Northern California, who is representing plaintiffs in the lawsuit challenging rearrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12063685\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12063685\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251106_ICE-Vigil_GH-15_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251106_ICE-Vigil_GH-15_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251106_ICE-Vigil_GH-15_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251106_ICE-Vigil_GH-15_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A demonstrator holds a sign reading “Santuario: Manteniendo Familias Unidas” (“Sanctuary: Keeping Families United”) during the Faith in Action “Walking Our Faith” vigil outside the San Francisco Immigration Court on Nov. 6, 2025. The multi-faith gathering called for compassion and protection for immigrant families. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She said the courthouse arrests — challenged in the other case, which was argued by attorneys with the Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights of the San Francisco Bay Area — are also causing irreparable harm to people trying to defend themselves in immigration court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If an immigrant fails to appear for a hearing, they automatically lose their case and are ordered deported in absentia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiffs have asked Pitts, who was appointed to the bench by former President Joe Biden, to halt the arrests while the cases are decided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for the government argued that ICE has the authority to make arrests where and how the agency deems fit. They say new policies for\u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/doclib/foia/policy/11072.4.pdf\"> ICE\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://perma.cc/S9CB-FP96\">immigration courts \u003c/a>that now deem arrests in or near courthouses acceptable simply reflect the will of voters who elected President Donald Trump on a promise to crack down on illegal immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late May, ICE officials acknowledged the courthouse operations in a statement that read, in part: “Secretary Noem is reversing Biden’s catch and release policy that allowed millions of unvetted illegal aliens to be let loose on American streets. This Administration is once again implementing the rule of law.”[aside postID=news_12062774 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/CORECIVICCALCITY1-KQED.jpg']With regard to rearresting immigrants who are following the law and abiding by the terms of their release, the government lawyers deny there’s a new policy and say the Trump administration is simply reinterpreting the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bernwanger said the administration has radically reversed a four-decade-long policy of not redetaining immigrants unless there is a material change in their circumstances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Congress has never interpreted the detention statutes that way,” she said. “Immigration agencies, under every prior president since these immigration statutes were enacted, have never interpreted the laws that way. And that’s because that’s just not what they say.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cases are being heard at a time when California immigration lawyers say they are seeing another new and unprecedented trend: immigrants who are in the process of becoming legal U.S. residents being arrested when they attend their green card interviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late last month, in a ruling on a separate part of the courthouse arrest case, Pitts ordered ICE to immediately improve the conditions in its short-term holding cells in downtown San Francisco, where the agency has begun detaining people for days at a time in a facility not meant for overnight use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Detainees claimed the conditions were punishing and inhumane. Pitts agreed and ordered ICE to provide mattresses and clean bedding, hygiene supplies and medical care, and to dim the lights at night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the current question of halting the arrests while the cases play out, Pitts said he will rule “as quickly as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After hearings on Tuesday in two related cases, a federal judge in San José is set to decide whether to temporarily block Trump administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12056762/bay-area-immigrant-advocates-sue-the-trump-administration-to-end-courthouse-arrests\">arrests at immigration courthouses\u003c/a> and check-in appointments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge P. Casey Pitts quizzed lawyers for the government, as well as for the Bay Area civil rights organizations that brought the lawsuits alleging U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement has essentially turned mandatory court hearings and ICE check-ins into traps — ensnaring people who are following the rules in hopes of winning a legal way to stay in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cases are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12060821/bay-area-advocates-head-to-court-to-halt-trump-administrations-immigration-policies\">part of a larger legal pushback\u003c/a> by immigrant advocacy groups across the country, challenging the Trump administration’s aggressive immigration enforcement tactics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since May, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement has been handcuffing asylum seekers and others in the halls of immigration courthouses and at required check-ins with ICE, resulting in more than 100 arrests in Northern and Central California. Many of those arrested had previously been granted conditional release and allowed to remain out of custody, typically after border agents had determined they were not dangerous and would show up for their hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers representing immigrants in the two cases argued that both the \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://lccrsf.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/2025-10-16-Dkt-No-94-705-Motion-Courthouse-Arrests.pdf&sa=D&source=docs&ust=1765332439579751&usg=AOvVaw2ilDpL-79bjt4YO7Bha2hI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">courthouse arrests\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.aclunc.org/sites/default/files/2025.10.16%2520%255B48%255D%2520Plts%2520705%2520Motion%2520to%2520Postpone%2520Effective%2520Date%2520of%2520Agency%2520Action%2520or%2520Preserve%2520Status%2520or%2520Rights.pdf&sa=D&source=docs&ust=1765332475568008&usg=AOvVaw1zmcS1lxWUxXtP8-mIRY04\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rearrest of people\u003c/a> who had been previously released were unheard of before this year — and called the actions arbitrary and illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just imagine if the government changed a [policy] and all of a sudden you could be thrown in jail at any time. Imagine how that would harm you. That’s how it harms our clients,” said Bree Bernwanger, a senior staff attorney for the ACLU of Northern California, who is representing plaintiffs in the lawsuit challenging rearrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12063685\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12063685\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251106_ICE-Vigil_GH-15_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251106_ICE-Vigil_GH-15_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251106_ICE-Vigil_GH-15_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251106_ICE-Vigil_GH-15_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A demonstrator holds a sign reading “Santuario: Manteniendo Familias Unidas” (“Sanctuary: Keeping Families United”) during the Faith in Action “Walking Our Faith” vigil outside the San Francisco Immigration Court on Nov. 6, 2025. The multi-faith gathering called for compassion and protection for immigrant families. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She said the courthouse arrests — challenged in the other case, which was argued by attorneys with the Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights of the San Francisco Bay Area — are also causing irreparable harm to people trying to defend themselves in immigration court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If an immigrant fails to appear for a hearing, they automatically lose their case and are ordered deported in absentia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiffs have asked Pitts, who was appointed to the bench by former President Joe Biden, to halt the arrests while the cases are decided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers for the government argued that ICE has the authority to make arrests where and how the agency deems fit. They say new policies for\u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/doclib/foia/policy/11072.4.pdf\"> ICE\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://perma.cc/S9CB-FP96\">immigration courts \u003c/a>that now deem arrests in or near courthouses acceptable simply reflect the will of voters who elected President Donald Trump on a promise to crack down on illegal immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late May, ICE officials acknowledged the courthouse operations in a statement that read, in part: “Secretary Noem is reversing Biden’s catch and release policy that allowed millions of unvetted illegal aliens to be let loose on American streets. This Administration is once again implementing the rule of law.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>With regard to rearresting immigrants who are following the law and abiding by the terms of their release, the government lawyers deny there’s a new policy and say the Trump administration is simply reinterpreting the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bernwanger said the administration has radically reversed a four-decade-long policy of not redetaining immigrants unless there is a material change in their circumstances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Congress has never interpreted the detention statutes that way,” she said. “Immigration agencies, under every prior president since these immigration statutes were enacted, have never interpreted the laws that way. And that’s because that’s just not what they say.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cases are being heard at a time when California immigration lawyers say they are seeing another new and unprecedented trend: immigrants who are in the process of becoming legal U.S. residents being arrested when they attend their green card interviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late last month, in a ruling on a separate part of the courthouse arrest case, Pitts ordered ICE to immediately improve the conditions in its short-term holding cells in downtown San Francisco, where the agency has begun detaining people for days at a time in a facility not meant for overnight use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Detainees claimed the conditions were punishing and inhumane. Pitts agreed and ordered ICE to provide mattresses and clean bedding, hygiene supplies and medical care, and to dim the lights at night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the current question of halting the arrests while the cases play out, Pitts said he will rule “as quickly as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Immigration Crackdown Changes Everyday Life In California's Farm Towns",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Here are the morning’s top stories on Monday, December 1, 2025…\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fear, isolation, uneasiness. Ever since the Trump administration ramped up immigration enforcement efforts, immigrant communities in California have a growing sense of anxiety. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2025/11/immigration-california-farms/\">One community worried about enforcement is farm workers,\u003c/a> where many people’s lives have been upended. \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-shooting-stockton-party-b5694f32ae71d2e6d874641a78f65f4f\">shooting at a banquet hall in the Central Valley town of Stockton\u003c/a> has left four young people dead and 11 injured. The shooting Saturday took place at a children’s birthday party.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2 class=\"entry-title entry-title--with-subtitle\">\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2025/11/immigration-california-farms/\">\u003cstrong>How Fear Of Trump’s Immigration Blitz Is Changing Life In California Farm Towns\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As this year’s harvest ends, the small Central Valley towns that rely on migrant or undocumented labor to survive are themselves forced to imagine the end of a way of life. The worry here is the workers might not return next year, at least not in the numbers that sustain local economies and power the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://plantingseedsblog.cdfa.ca.gov/wordpress/?p=29277\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">$60 billion agricultural industry\u003c/a>, which grows three-fourths of the fruits and nuts consumed in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/donald-trump/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Trump administration\u003c/a> has pledged to carry out the largest deportation program in American history. They have, so far, mostly left the agricultural industry alone. But Trump and his advisers \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2025/08/08/trump-teased-a-solution-for-farmers-its-likely-not-coming-soon-00498932\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">have wavered\u003c/a> on whether to protect farms from \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/immigration/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">immigration raids\u003c/a>, so the seasonal workers and their employers will have to wait and see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Small farm towns in the Central Valley are similar in their seasonal economics to a beach town on the East Coast: Both swell in summer with a population boom, then dig in for a slow winter. Firebaugh City Manager Ben Gallegos said the town of 4,000 grows to 8,000 people in the summer, then empties out after the harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story plays out in the numbers, but already this year’s numbers tell a different tale. In the second quarter of the year, which runs from April 1 to June 30, total taxable transactions in Firebaugh were down 29% from the same quarter last year, according to the California Department of Tax and Fee Administration. In nearby Chowchilla, total taxable receipts are down 21% in the second quarter of this year compared to the same period last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People don’t want to shop or go out to eat, Gallegos said. The city of Firebaugh is staring down cuts to its police force, its parks and its senior center. In September, the appearance of county probation officers dressed in green fatigues caused waves of panicked Whatsapp texts. Some people went into hiding. The food bank in Firebaugh used to serve about 50 families. Today, at weekly distributions behind city hall, that number is up to 150. When it’s over, volunteers take the remaining food boxes to families who are too afraid to leave their homes. “We need those individuals to drive our community,” Gallegos said. “They’re the ones that eat at our local restaurants, they’re the ones that shop at our local stores. Without them, what do we do?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"Page-headline\">\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-shooting-stockton-party-b5694f32ae71d2e6d874641a78f65f4f\">\u003cstrong>Investigators Urge Witnesses Of The Deadly Shooting At Child’s Party In Stockton To Come Forward\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Authorities in Stockton urged witnesses of a deadly shooting at a child’s birthday party to come forward as the search for a suspect stretched into another day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three children ages 8, 9 and 14 and a 21-year-old \u003cspan class=\"LinkEnhancement\">\u003ca class=\"Link AnClick-LinkEnhancement\" href=\"https://apnews.com/article/stockton-california-shooting-b59e32ae53716a0dfe9f28c246552607\" data-gtm-enhancement-style=\"LinkEnhancementA\">were killed Saturday when gunfire broke out\u003c/a>\u003c/span> at a banquet hall in Stockton where at least 100 people were gathered, San Joaquin County Sheriff Patrick Withrow said. Detectives believe the gunfire continued outside and there may have been multiple shooters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eleven people were also wounded, with at least one in critical condition, he said. No one was in custody by Sunday evening, and the sheriff urged anyone with information to contact his office with tips, cellphone video or witness accounts. “This is a time for our community to show that we will not put up with this type of behavior, when people will just walk in and kill children,” Withrow said. “And so if you know anything about this, you have to come forward and tell us what you know. If not, you just become complacent and think this is acceptable behavior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheriff’s spokesperson Heather Brent said earlier that investigators believe it was a “targeted incident.” Officials did not elaborate on why authorities believe it was intentional or who might have been targeted. She said investigators would welcome any information, “even rumors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Here are the morning’s top stories on Monday, December 1, 2025…\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fear, isolation, uneasiness. Ever since the Trump administration ramped up immigration enforcement efforts, immigrant communities in California have a growing sense of anxiety. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2025/11/immigration-california-farms/\">One community worried about enforcement is farm workers,\u003c/a> where many people’s lives have been upended. \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-shooting-stockton-party-b5694f32ae71d2e6d874641a78f65f4f\">shooting at a banquet hall in the Central Valley town of Stockton\u003c/a> has left four young people dead and 11 injured. The shooting Saturday took place at a children’s birthday party.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2 class=\"entry-title entry-title--with-subtitle\">\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2025/11/immigration-california-farms/\">\u003cstrong>How Fear Of Trump’s Immigration Blitz Is Changing Life In California Farm Towns\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As this year’s harvest ends, the small Central Valley towns that rely on migrant or undocumented labor to survive are themselves forced to imagine the end of a way of life. The worry here is the workers might not return next year, at least not in the numbers that sustain local economies and power the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://plantingseedsblog.cdfa.ca.gov/wordpress/?p=29277\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">$60 billion agricultural industry\u003c/a>, which grows three-fourths of the fruits and nuts consumed in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/donald-trump/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Trump administration\u003c/a> has pledged to carry out the largest deportation program in American history. They have, so far, mostly left the agricultural industry alone. But Trump and his advisers \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2025/08/08/trump-teased-a-solution-for-farmers-its-likely-not-coming-soon-00498932\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">have wavered\u003c/a> on whether to protect farms from \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/immigration/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">immigration raids\u003c/a>, so the seasonal workers and their employers will have to wait and see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Small farm towns in the Central Valley are similar in their seasonal economics to a beach town on the East Coast: Both swell in summer with a population boom, then dig in for a slow winter. Firebaugh City Manager Ben Gallegos said the town of 4,000 grows to 8,000 people in the summer, then empties out after the harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story plays out in the numbers, but already this year’s numbers tell a different tale. In the second quarter of the year, which runs from April 1 to June 30, total taxable transactions in Firebaugh were down 29% from the same quarter last year, according to the California Department of Tax and Fee Administration. In nearby Chowchilla, total taxable receipts are down 21% in the second quarter of this year compared to the same period last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People don’t want to shop or go out to eat, Gallegos said. The city of Firebaugh is staring down cuts to its police force, its parks and its senior center. In September, the appearance of county probation officers dressed in green fatigues caused waves of panicked Whatsapp texts. Some people went into hiding. The food bank in Firebaugh used to serve about 50 families. Today, at weekly distributions behind city hall, that number is up to 150. When it’s over, volunteers take the remaining food boxes to families who are too afraid to leave their homes. “We need those individuals to drive our community,” Gallegos said. “They’re the ones that eat at our local restaurants, they’re the ones that shop at our local stores. Without them, what do we do?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"Page-headline\">\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-shooting-stockton-party-b5694f32ae71d2e6d874641a78f65f4f\">\u003cstrong>Investigators Urge Witnesses Of The Deadly Shooting At Child’s Party In Stockton To Come Forward\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Authorities in Stockton urged witnesses of a deadly shooting at a child’s birthday party to come forward as the search for a suspect stretched into another day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three children ages 8, 9 and 14 and a 21-year-old \u003cspan class=\"LinkEnhancement\">\u003ca class=\"Link AnClick-LinkEnhancement\" href=\"https://apnews.com/article/stockton-california-shooting-b59e32ae53716a0dfe9f28c246552607\" data-gtm-enhancement-style=\"LinkEnhancementA\">were killed Saturday when gunfire broke out\u003c/a>\u003c/span> at a banquet hall in Stockton where at least 100 people were gathered, San Joaquin County Sheriff Patrick Withrow said. Detectives believe the gunfire continued outside and there may have been multiple shooters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eleven people were also wounded, with at least one in critical condition, he said. No one was in custody by Sunday evening, and the sheriff urged anyone with information to contact his office with tips, cellphone video or witness accounts. “This is a time for our community to show that we will not put up with this type of behavior, when people will just walk in and kill children,” Withrow said. “And so if you know anything about this, you have to come forward and tell us what you know. If not, you just become complacent and think this is acceptable behavior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheriff’s spokesperson Heather Brent said earlier that investigators believe it was a “targeted incident.” Officials did not elaborate on why authorities believe it was intentional or who might have been targeted. She said investigators would welcome any information, “even rumors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>After five federal judges were fired last week in San Francisco, legal scholars and advocates are warning that t\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">he Trump administration\u003c/a> is taking unprecedented steps to remake the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/immigration-court\">immigration court system\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friday’s firings bring the total number of immigration court judges removed by the Trump Administration to 90 across the country, including 12 on the Bay Area’s bench, according to the National Association of Immigration Judges. This overhaul comes amid a nationwide backlog of immigration cases — with about 120,000 currently pending in the Bay Area alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Davis Law Professor Kevin Johnson said that it’s not uncommon for presidents to appoint judges whose philosophy matches their own, but that the current administration appears to be not only at hiring, but firing, the federal judges based on their immigration ideology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very aggressive, and it’s like nothing we’ve seen in any of the previous five or six administrations. I don’t remember it ever happening in U.S. history,” he told KQED. “But it’s happening now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, Judges Amber George, Jeremiah Johnson, Louis Gordon, Shuting Chen and Patrick Savage were fired from San Francisco’s immigration court, which at the start of the year had more than 20 judges, according to Milli Atkinson, the director of the Immigrant Legal Defense Program with the Bar Association of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, she said, the bench is down to just nine judges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, at least \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12054620/despite-a-growing-case-backlog-trump-fires-6th-san-francisco-immigration-judge\">seven other Bay Area judges were fired\u003c/a>, including the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12055416/trump-fires-san-franciscos-top-immigration-judge\">city’s top judge, Loi McCleskey, who was terminated\u003c/a> after just over a year on the job in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12063685\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12063685\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251106_ICE-Vigil_GH-15_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251106_ICE-Vigil_GH-15_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251106_ICE-Vigil_GH-15_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251106_ICE-Vigil_GH-15_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A demonstrator holds a sign reading “Santuario: Manteniendo Familias Unidas” (“Sanctuary: Keeping Families United”) during the Faith in Action “Walking Our Faith” vigil outside the San Francisco Immigration Court on Nov. 6, 2025. The multi-faith gathering called for compassion and protection for immigrant families. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The firings of longstanding adjudicators have been without explanation from the DOJ, according to Atkinson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The general belief among the immigration legal community is that they are trying to remove judges who’ve been longstanding civil servants who’ve been very experienced in adjudicating these cases here in San Francisco and filling the bench with judges who are more aligned with the political beliefs of this administration and are going to follow policy memos and directives from the administration,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Justice did not respond to a request for comment on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s immigration court has historically granted asylum at higher rates than the national average, and 11 of the 12 judges who have lost their jobs have higher-than-average asylum-granting rates. The three San Francisco judges with the highest rates of asylum were all terminated earlier this year.[aside postID=news_12065068 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/HooverElementaryGetty.jpg']Attorneys told KQED in September that the discrepancy between rates across jurisdictions is likely due to a multitude of factors, including that asylum seekers in San Francisco are more likely to have representation and required to meet different standards than in some other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former immigration judge Dana Leigh Marks told KQED at the time that the firings also appear to be targeting those who have previously worked in immigrant advocacy rights, private practice or public interest law, while others who rose through the ranks as prosecutors for the Immigration and Customs Enforcement Division of the Department of Homeland Security have kept their appointments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is an effort to change things by removing people as well as selecting new people who are going to be with their party line,” Professor Kevin Johnson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Atkinson said that the firings will require a major reshuffling of scheduled proceedings, which will make attorneys’ jobs more difficult, since they usually know how the presiding judge runs proceedings and tailor preparation and testimony and preparation to fit their style.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is also jarring for asylum seekers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12003275\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12003275 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In August, the U.S. Department of Justice lowered the prerequisites to qualify for temporary judge positions, removing the requirement that candidates have prior experience. \u003ccite>(J. David Ake/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“People are being arrested when they go to their hearings. They’re being arrested when they show up for appointments. So, they’re already terrified,” Atkinson said. “Now, everything that they’d been working towards and kind of building themselves up for mentally to prepare for — to suddenly have that taken out from under them is really challenging.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shake-up will also add more strain to an overloaded immigration system, especially as temporary judges filling in remotely are no longer required to have a background in immigration law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August, the DOJ lowered the prerequisites to qualify for temporary judge positions, removing the requirement that candidates have prior experience. The following week, the federal government authorized 600 military lawyers to serve as temporary immigration judges, NPR reported.[aside postID=news_12063980 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231005-TRUCK-GETTY-KQED-1020x680.jpg']Experts who spoke with KQED worried more, though, that in the long term, the firings could be making way for a more partisan immigration court system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This has just been so extreme that it really is a radical departure from past experiences in terms of people being fired despite good performance,” Marks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the court’s enforcement priorities typically shift with each administration, since it is housed within the Department of Justice, Atkinson said sitting judges are now under unprecedented pressure to make decisions that the DOJ agrees with, or face possible termination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New immigration judge job\u003ca href=\"https://join.justice.gov/\"> postings\u003c/a> in San Francisco and other cities, \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/Sec_Noem\">advertised\u003c/a> on social media by Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem the day before the firings, seek candidates to apply for roles as “deportation judges,” who would “restore integrity and honor to our Nation’s Immigration Court system” and ensure that “only aliens with legally meritorious claims are allowed to remain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think immigration judges are the canaries in the coal mine of the judicial system in America, they are the early warning system,” Marks said. “I fear that this kind of erratic, irrational and probably illegal behavior by the administration is just starting at the immigration courts. And I worry as to how it’s going to affect the legal system writ large.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/wcruz\">\u003cem>Billy Cruz\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After five federal judges were fired last week in San Francisco, legal scholars and advocates are warning that t\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">he Trump administration\u003c/a> is taking unprecedented steps to remake the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/immigration-court\">immigration court system\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friday’s firings bring the total number of immigration court judges removed by the Trump Administration to 90 across the country, including 12 on the Bay Area’s bench, according to the National Association of Immigration Judges. This overhaul comes amid a nationwide backlog of immigration cases — with about 120,000 currently pending in the Bay Area alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Davis Law Professor Kevin Johnson said that it’s not uncommon for presidents to appoint judges whose philosophy matches their own, but that the current administration appears to be not only at hiring, but firing, the federal judges based on their immigration ideology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very aggressive, and it’s like nothing we’ve seen in any of the previous five or six administrations. I don’t remember it ever happening in U.S. history,” he told KQED. “But it’s happening now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, Judges Amber George, Jeremiah Johnson, Louis Gordon, Shuting Chen and Patrick Savage were fired from San Francisco’s immigration court, which at the start of the year had more than 20 judges, according to Milli Atkinson, the director of the Immigrant Legal Defense Program with the Bar Association of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, she said, the bench is down to just nine judges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, at least \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12054620/despite-a-growing-case-backlog-trump-fires-6th-san-francisco-immigration-judge\">seven other Bay Area judges were fired\u003c/a>, including the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12055416/trump-fires-san-franciscos-top-immigration-judge\">city’s top judge, Loi McCleskey, who was terminated\u003c/a> after just over a year on the job in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12063685\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12063685\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251106_ICE-Vigil_GH-15_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251106_ICE-Vigil_GH-15_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251106_ICE-Vigil_GH-15_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251106_ICE-Vigil_GH-15_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A demonstrator holds a sign reading “Santuario: Manteniendo Familias Unidas” (“Sanctuary: Keeping Families United”) during the Faith in Action “Walking Our Faith” vigil outside the San Francisco Immigration Court on Nov. 6, 2025. The multi-faith gathering called for compassion and protection for immigrant families. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The firings of longstanding adjudicators have been without explanation from the DOJ, according to Atkinson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The general belief among the immigration legal community is that they are trying to remove judges who’ve been longstanding civil servants who’ve been very experienced in adjudicating these cases here in San Francisco and filling the bench with judges who are more aligned with the political beliefs of this administration and are going to follow policy memos and directives from the administration,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Justice did not respond to a request for comment on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s immigration court has historically granted asylum at higher rates than the national average, and 11 of the 12 judges who have lost their jobs have higher-than-average asylum-granting rates. The three San Francisco judges with the highest rates of asylum were all terminated earlier this year.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Attorneys told KQED in September that the discrepancy between rates across jurisdictions is likely due to a multitude of factors, including that asylum seekers in San Francisco are more likely to have representation and required to meet different standards than in some other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former immigration judge Dana Leigh Marks told KQED at the time that the firings also appear to be targeting those who have previously worked in immigrant advocacy rights, private practice or public interest law, while others who rose through the ranks as prosecutors for the Immigration and Customs Enforcement Division of the Department of Homeland Security have kept their appointments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is an effort to change things by removing people as well as selecting new people who are going to be with their party line,” Professor Kevin Johnson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Atkinson said that the firings will require a major reshuffling of scheduled proceedings, which will make attorneys’ jobs more difficult, since they usually know how the presiding judge runs proceedings and tailor preparation and testimony and preparation to fit their style.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is also jarring for asylum seekers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12003275\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12003275 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In August, the U.S. Department of Justice lowered the prerequisites to qualify for temporary judge positions, removing the requirement that candidates have prior experience. \u003ccite>(J. David Ake/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“People are being arrested when they go to their hearings. They’re being arrested when they show up for appointments. So, they’re already terrified,” Atkinson said. “Now, everything that they’d been working towards and kind of building themselves up for mentally to prepare for — to suddenly have that taken out from under them is really challenging.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shake-up will also add more strain to an overloaded immigration system, especially as temporary judges filling in remotely are no longer required to have a background in immigration law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August, the DOJ lowered the prerequisites to qualify for temporary judge positions, removing the requirement that candidates have prior experience. The following week, the federal government authorized 600 military lawyers to serve as temporary immigration judges, NPR reported.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Experts who spoke with KQED worried more, though, that in the long term, the firings could be making way for a more partisan immigration court system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This has just been so extreme that it really is a radical departure from past experiences in terms of people being fired despite good performance,” Marks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the court’s enforcement priorities typically shift with each administration, since it is housed within the Department of Justice, Atkinson said sitting judges are now under unprecedented pressure to make decisions that the DOJ agrees with, or face possible termination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New immigration judge job\u003ca href=\"https://join.justice.gov/\"> postings\u003c/a> in San Francisco and other cities, \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/Sec_Noem\">advertised\u003c/a> on social media by Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem the day before the firings, seek candidates to apply for roles as “deportation judges,” who would “restore integrity and honor to our Nation’s Immigration Court system” and ensure that “only aliens with legally meritorious claims are allowed to remain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think immigration judges are the canaries in the coal mine of the judicial system in America, they are the early warning system,” Marks said. “I fear that this kind of erratic, irrational and probably illegal behavior by the administration is just starting at the immigration courts. And I worry as to how it’s going to affect the legal system writ large.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/wcruz\">\u003cem>Billy Cruz\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Two schools in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/west-oakland\">West Oakland\u003c/a> and concerned neighbors were on alert Wednesday after an immigration enforcement operation appeared to have led to a car crash near the campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the schools followed the district’s “\u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1uvwTgGIS_2SFTspbEnU7oPMTggaP8QOS6ieKHCDEh2c/edit?tab=t.0\">secure protocol\u003c/a>” for Immigration and Customs Enforcement activity, the Oakland Unified School District and Alameda County’s rapid response network said the sites were not targeted by ICE and remained safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what we know, and don’t know, about the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Enforcement activity in West Oakland\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to the Alameda County Immigration Legal Education Partnership, federal immigration officers were conducting targeted enforcement activity in the area on Wednesday morning when a vehicle crashed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crash happened just before 10 a.m. on the 800 block of 31st Street as “an outside law enforcement agency was conducting an investigation within the City of Oakland,” according to the Oakland Police Department, which is investigating the collision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12043210\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12043210\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250428-OUSD-OFFICE-FILE-MD-04_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250428-OUSD-OFFICE-FILE-MD-04_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250428-OUSD-OFFICE-FILE-MD-04_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250428-OUSD-OFFICE-FILE-MD-04_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Oakland Unified School District Offices in Oakland on April 28, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The outside agency — presumed to be ICE — was trying to contact a vehicle involved in its case, Oakland police said. That vehicle collided with another vehicle, which was not involved in the operation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Councilmember Carroll Fife \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DRQJ6nGEk8E/?hl=en\">said in a video on social media\u003c/a> that the crash happened as a parent dropping their child off at school was “chased by masked men” believed to be ICE officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monique Berlanga, who heads Centro Legal de la Raza in Oakland, said the collision scared people in the neighborhood, where there are multiple OUSD campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Schools respond\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The district said in a message to parents on Wednesday that it placed Hoover Elementary School and Harriet Tubman Child Development Center under its secure school protocol after hearing reports of ICE activity in their vicinity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Your child is safe in school,” the message continued, adding that other campuses were following standard protocol for ICE activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12013785\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12013785 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/030_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/030_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/030_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/030_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/030_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/030_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/030_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students at recess at an Oakland school on Oct. 20, 2022. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Berlanga said the Alameda County Immigration Legal Education Partnership got reports that staff at Hoover questioned the officers and asked them to identify themselves, but that they had not been able to confirm what agency they were with. She said the network had no reason to believe that either school was the target of enforcement activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It appears likely that this was targeted ICE enforcement nearby the school, which may have been related to a collision nearby,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the incident rattled community members and sparked a protest of about 50 people, including Oakland teachers and teachers union staff, outside Hoover in the late morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They told KQED they were gathered to support families and school staff if there was increased ICE presence, especially around pickup time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Olivia Udovic, a kindergarten teacher and Oakland Education Association officer, said principals were driving some students home from school.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What we don’t know\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Oakland police said their investigation into the crash is ongoing, and they did not specify which outside law enforcement agency was involved.[aside postID=news_12063793 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/20251028_IMMIGRANT-MASS-_HERNANDEZ-17-KQED.jpg']OUSD said it had heard reports of ICE presence in other Oakland neighborhoods, including between 71st and 81st avenues and International Boulevard, but those had not been confirmed. ICE did not immediately respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fife said that after the collision, neighbors surrounded the immigration officials’ vehicle and prevented them from making any arrest, though that has not been confirmed. Berlanga said ACILEP was still determining whether the morning’s enforcement activity had led to any arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Barbara Lee said in a statement that her office was in communication with the school district and police about the reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to reiterate to our immigrant community: Oakland stands firmly with you — this is who we are and what we believe. You are not alone, and we will not be intimidated by federal operations designed to create fear and division,” she wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/jlara\">\u003cem>Juan Carlos Lara\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Two schools in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/west-oakland\">West Oakland\u003c/a> and concerned neighbors were on alert Wednesday after an immigration enforcement operation appeared to have led to a car crash near the campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the schools followed the district’s “\u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1uvwTgGIS_2SFTspbEnU7oPMTggaP8QOS6ieKHCDEh2c/edit?tab=t.0\">secure protocol\u003c/a>” for Immigration and Customs Enforcement activity, the Oakland Unified School District and Alameda County’s rapid response network said the sites were not targeted by ICE and remained safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what we know, and don’t know, about the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Enforcement activity in West Oakland\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to the Alameda County Immigration Legal Education Partnership, federal immigration officers were conducting targeted enforcement activity in the area on Wednesday morning when a vehicle crashed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crash happened just before 10 a.m. on the 800 block of 31st Street as “an outside law enforcement agency was conducting an investigation within the City of Oakland,” according to the Oakland Police Department, which is investigating the collision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12043210\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12043210\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250428-OUSD-OFFICE-FILE-MD-04_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250428-OUSD-OFFICE-FILE-MD-04_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250428-OUSD-OFFICE-FILE-MD-04_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250428-OUSD-OFFICE-FILE-MD-04_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Oakland Unified School District Offices in Oakland on April 28, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The outside agency — presumed to be ICE — was trying to contact a vehicle involved in its case, Oakland police said. That vehicle collided with another vehicle, which was not involved in the operation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Councilmember Carroll Fife \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DRQJ6nGEk8E/?hl=en\">said in a video on social media\u003c/a> that the crash happened as a parent dropping their child off at school was “chased by masked men” believed to be ICE officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monique Berlanga, who heads Centro Legal de la Raza in Oakland, said the collision scared people in the neighborhood, where there are multiple OUSD campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Schools respond\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The district said in a message to parents on Wednesday that it placed Hoover Elementary School and Harriet Tubman Child Development Center under its secure school protocol after hearing reports of ICE activity in their vicinity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Your child is safe in school,” the message continued, adding that other campuses were following standard protocol for ICE activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12013785\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12013785 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/030_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/030_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/030_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/030_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/030_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/030_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/030_KQEDScience_IntCommunitySchoolOakland_10202022_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students at recess at an Oakland school on Oct. 20, 2022. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Berlanga said the Alameda County Immigration Legal Education Partnership got reports that staff at Hoover questioned the officers and asked them to identify themselves, but that they had not been able to confirm what agency they were with. She said the network had no reason to believe that either school was the target of enforcement activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It appears likely that this was targeted ICE enforcement nearby the school, which may have been related to a collision nearby,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the incident rattled community members and sparked a protest of about 50 people, including Oakland teachers and teachers union staff, outside Hoover in the late morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They told KQED they were gathered to support families and school staff if there was increased ICE presence, especially around pickup time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Olivia Udovic, a kindergarten teacher and Oakland Education Association officer, said principals were driving some students home from school.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What we don’t know\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Oakland police said their investigation into the crash is ongoing, and they did not specify which outside law enforcement agency was involved.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>OUSD said it had heard reports of ICE presence in other Oakland neighborhoods, including between 71st and 81st avenues and International Boulevard, but those had not been confirmed. ICE did not immediately respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fife said that after the collision, neighbors surrounded the immigration officials’ vehicle and prevented them from making any arrest, though that has not been confirmed. Berlanga said ACILEP was still determining whether the morning’s enforcement activity had led to any arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Barbara Lee said in a statement that her office was in communication with the school district and police about the reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to reiterate to our immigrant community: Oakland stands firmly with you — this is who we are and what we believe. You are not alone, and we will not be intimidated by federal operations designed to create fear and division,” she wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/jlara\">\u003cem>Juan Carlos Lara\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Civil rights advocates argued in federal court on Monday that immigrants are being \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12060821/bay-area-advocates-head-to-court-to-halt-trump-administrations-immigration-policies\">detained in unacceptable conditions\u003c/a> in the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement field office in downtown San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asylum seekers and others detained \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12056762/bay-area-immigrant-advocates-sue-the-trump-administration-to-end-courthouse-arrests\">while showing up for their immigration court date\u003c/a> have been kept for days at a time in rooms meant to hold people for less than 12 hours, according to advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights of the San Francisco Bay Area — one of the groups that has sued the federal government — said that this practice violates both federal law and the Constitution, and it is asking the court to provide immediate relief to detained immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit alleges that ICE has kept immigrants detained at the 630 Sansome St. holding site in “a state of sleep deprivation.” Plaintiffs say they were forced to sleep on either the floor or metal benches, with only a sheet of plastic for cover in cold rooms where the lights were kept on 24 hours a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These spaces cannot hold people safely for more than 12 hours, fundamentally, as a matter of operations and a matter of physical layout,” LCCRSF attorney Marissa Hatton declared at federal court in San José.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12063700\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12063700\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251014-AntifaRoundtableFolo-19-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251014-AntifaRoundtableFolo-19-BL_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251014-AntifaRoundtableFolo-19-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251014-AntifaRoundtableFolo-19-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People line up outside the ICE Field Office in downtown San Francisco on Oct. 14, 2025, for scheduled check-ins and immigration-related appointments. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One plaintiff, Martin Hernandez Torres, told lawyers that federal agents deprived him of his blood pressure medication while he was detained overnight, resulting in a hypertensive crisis that may have left him with permanent brain damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, ICE has kept individuals awaiting deportation or a hearing in hold rooms like the one in downtown San Francisco for up to 12 hours at a time — as required by the agency’s own standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as it ramped up operations under the Trump administration in recent months, ICE leadership issued a waiver in June for its own rule and allowed for detentions of up to several days.[aside postID=news_12063228 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251106_ICE-VIGIL_GH-3-KQED.jpg']LCCRSF and other civil groups argue that the federal government made this change without making changes to its procedures and practices “necessary for longer-term incarceration,” like making bedding, medication or hygiene products available to detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials with ICE said their agencies do not comment on pending litigation, but the attorney representing the federal government, Douglas Earl Johns, told Biden-appointed Judge P. Casey Pitts that the waiver to the 12-hour rule “is applied operationally on an individual basis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, several members of Congress and immigrant justice groups in New York \u003ca href=\"https://gothamist.com/news/theyre-killing-us-immigrants-complain-of-inhumane-conditions-inside-nyc-holding-site\">similarly accused ICE\u003c/a> of keeping immigrants \u003ca href=\"https://www.nyic.org/2025/07/new-video-shows-inhumane-conditions-inside-ice-detention-center-at-26-federal-plaza-ice-breaking-oversight-law/\">detained in “inhumane conditions”\u003c/a> after detaining them at their court hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Civil rights groups are asking the court to freeze ICE’s waiver of its 12-hour rule and require federal agents to provide detained individuals with basic medical screenings, prescribed medication and improve overall conditions in the holding rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court did not make a decision on Monday, but the next scheduled hearing is set for Dec. 9.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/tychehendricks\">\u003cem>Tyche Hendricks\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Civil rights advocates argued in federal court on Monday that immigrants are being \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12060821/bay-area-advocates-head-to-court-to-halt-trump-administrations-immigration-policies\">detained in unacceptable conditions\u003c/a> in the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement field office in downtown San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asylum seekers and others detained \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12056762/bay-area-immigrant-advocates-sue-the-trump-administration-to-end-courthouse-arrests\">while showing up for their immigration court date\u003c/a> have been kept for days at a time in rooms meant to hold people for less than 12 hours, according to advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights of the San Francisco Bay Area — one of the groups that has sued the federal government — said that this practice violates both federal law and the Constitution, and it is asking the court to provide immediate relief to detained immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit alleges that ICE has kept immigrants detained at the 630 Sansome St. holding site in “a state of sleep deprivation.” Plaintiffs say they were forced to sleep on either the floor or metal benches, with only a sheet of plastic for cover in cold rooms where the lights were kept on 24 hours a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These spaces cannot hold people safely for more than 12 hours, fundamentally, as a matter of operations and a matter of physical layout,” LCCRSF attorney Marissa Hatton declared at federal court in San José.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12063700\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12063700\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251014-AntifaRoundtableFolo-19-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251014-AntifaRoundtableFolo-19-BL_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251014-AntifaRoundtableFolo-19-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251014-AntifaRoundtableFolo-19-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People line up outside the ICE Field Office in downtown San Francisco on Oct. 14, 2025, for scheduled check-ins and immigration-related appointments. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One plaintiff, Martin Hernandez Torres, told lawyers that federal agents deprived him of his blood pressure medication while he was detained overnight, resulting in a hypertensive crisis that may have left him with permanent brain damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, ICE has kept individuals awaiting deportation or a hearing in hold rooms like the one in downtown San Francisco for up to 12 hours at a time — as required by the agency’s own standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as it ramped up operations under the Trump administration in recent months, ICE leadership issued a waiver in June for its own rule and allowed for detentions of up to several days.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>LCCRSF and other civil groups argue that the federal government made this change without making changes to its procedures and practices “necessary for longer-term incarceration,” like making bedding, medication or hygiene products available to detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials with ICE said their agencies do not comment on pending litigation, but the attorney representing the federal government, Douglas Earl Johns, told Biden-appointed Judge P. Casey Pitts that the waiver to the 12-hour rule “is applied operationally on an individual basis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, several members of Congress and immigrant justice groups in New York \u003ca href=\"https://gothamist.com/news/theyre-killing-us-immigrants-complain-of-inhumane-conditions-inside-nyc-holding-site\">similarly accused ICE\u003c/a> of keeping immigrants \u003ca href=\"https://www.nyic.org/2025/07/new-video-shows-inhumane-conditions-inside-ice-detention-center-at-26-federal-plaza-ice-breaking-oversight-law/\">detained in “inhumane conditions”\u003c/a> after detaining them at their court hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Civil rights groups are asking the court to freeze ICE’s waiver of its 12-hour rule and require federal agents to provide detained individuals with basic medical screenings, prescribed medication and improve overall conditions in the holding rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court did not make a decision on Monday, but the next scheduled hearing is set for Dec. 9.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/tychehendricks\">\u003cem>Tyche Hendricks\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Alameda County Approves $3.5 Million to Scale Up Immigrant Defense Amid ICE Surge",
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"content": "\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/alameda-county\">Alameda County\u003c/a> Board of Supervisors voted unanimously on Tuesday afternoon to approve a $3.57 million emergency allocation to dramatically scale up legal services, community outreach and rapid response networks for the county’s immigrant and refugee residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sourced primarily from the Measure W Essential Services Fund, \u003ca href=\"https://www.acgov.org/board/bos_calendar/documents/DocsAgendaReg_10_14_25/GENERAL%20ADMINISTRATION/Regular%20Calendar/Supervisor%20Fortunato%20Bas_Supervisor%20M%c3%a1rquez_394335.pdf\">the allocation\u003c/a> includes $2.5 million designated for immigrant and refugee support and an additional $1 million for a flexible contingency pool. The funds will extend and increase contracts for three frontline community coalitions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These funds extend the county’s initial $3.5 million emergency package approved on March 11, which helped establish the rapid response services now facing critical demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spearheaded by Supervisors Nikki Fortunato Bas and Elisa Márquez, the action is a direct response to what county staff reports describe as “exponentially more attacks” and “unprecedented levels” of federal immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is about real-time response and building an infrastructure that will continue to educate and empower our communities to withstand this escalation of threats and attacks,” Márquez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050001\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050001\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-11-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-11-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-11-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-11-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A person holds a red card, listing people’s rights and protections if they are approached by ICE agents, in Oakland on July 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Under the new federal budget, Immigration and Customs Enforcement is set to receive an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101910650/ices-budget-just-tripled-whats-next\">additional $75 billion\u003c/a> over four years, representing a more than 300% increase in enforcement and detention capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bas said that residents demanded greater support after a recent Supreme Court ruling that allows federal ICE agents to conduct stops based on perceived ethnicity, raising concerns about heightened racial profiling. The move also follows an incident last month where federal immigration officers\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12057368/unprecedented-ice-arrest-inside-oakland-courthouse-draws-backlash\"> detained a man inside an Oakland courthouse\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the surge in ICE arrests again, the targeting of our immigrant communities, the community has come to us to say it is urgent that we boost our capacity,” Bas said. “This will allow us to expand the rapid response hotline into the weekends and continue defending immigrants in our legal system to ensure they have due process.”[aside postID=news_12057368 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS24077_Courthouse-closeup-qut-1180x664.jpg']The six-month funding extension is designed to fortify the local safety net in a county where one in three residents is foreign-born and half of all children live in a mixed-status household, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.acgov.org/board/bos_calendar/documents/DocsAgendaReg_10_14_25/GENERAL%20ADMINISTRATION/Regular%20Calendar/Supervisor%20Fortunato%20Bas_Supervisor%20M%c3%a1rquez_394335.pdf\">letter\u003c/a> from Bas and Márquez to the board recommending adoption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enforcement data for what ICE refers to as the San Francisco “Area of Responsibility,” which stretches from Kern County to Hawaii, Saipan and Guam and includes Alameda County, showed that immigration arrests doubled in early 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This spike disproportionately impacts working-class families, particularly nationals from Mexico, Guatemala, India, El Salvador and Honduras, according to the supervisors’ letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alameda County Immigration Legal Education Partnership’s rapid response hotline documented a 500% surge in monthly call volume since its relaunch earlier this year, receiving over 1,300 calls between March and October 2025. At Tuesday’s meeting, ACILEP said during the weekday, one staffer currently mans the phone at a time, highlighting the group’s limited capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The $3.57 million will support the county’s three core partners in scaling their services:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://acilep.org/\">ACILEP\u003c/a>: The largest portion of the funding will support the expansion of the organization’s Rapid Response Hotline to operate on weekends and ensure 24/7 coverage, alongside bolstering legal services and community volunteer network coordination.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ccijustice.org/\">California Collaborative for Immigrant Justice\u003c/a>: The funds will maintain removal defense capacity, offset filing fees for low-income clients and fund legal education and outreach—ensuring immigrants in removal proceedings have access to due process and legal protection.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://tuwu.org/\">Trabajadores Unidos Workers United\u003c/a>: The group will use the funding to provide resources, mutual aid and community organizing opportunities to low-income immigrant workers and their families.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The board also designated $50,000 for the Alameda County Public Defender’s Office. This funding will help offset skyrocketing immigration application and litigation fees for low-income clients, such as the recent significant increase in costs for asylum applications and green cards following the passage of President Donald Trump’s “One Big Beautiful” budget bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike all three of its neighboring counties — Contra Costa, San Francisco and Santa Clara — Alameda County does not currently operate a dedicated Office of Immigrant and Refugee Affairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12055079\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12055079\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250905-ADOPTACORNER_00840_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250905-ADOPTACORNER_00840_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250905-ADOPTACORNER_00840_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250905-ADOPTACORNER_00840_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A day laborer waits for work on International Boulevard at a U-Haul in Oakland on Sept. 5, 2025. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We definitely have to do more strategic planning and develop stronger infrastructure for the long term,” Márquez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda County Together, an ad hoc committee prioritizing equity and inclusion for residents, recommended that the county establish such an office, which would be tasked with coordinating resources, overseeing immigrant-serving programs and advising the Board on responsive policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County staff have been directed to return to the Board on Oct. 21 with a comprehensive coordination plan, and again on Oct. 28. The county is engaging with philanthropy, including the San Francisco Foundation’s new initiative, the Stand Together Bay Area Fund, to support these initiatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really important that people have a sense of belonging in this county,” Márquez said. “By us investing in these services, to acknowledge the challenges that are occurring and finding a way to mitigate that, just reaffirms our commitment to being a space and inclusive community for everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/alameda-county\">Alameda County\u003c/a> Board of Supervisors voted unanimously on Tuesday afternoon to approve a $3.57 million emergency allocation to dramatically scale up legal services, community outreach and rapid response networks for the county’s immigrant and refugee residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sourced primarily from the Measure W Essential Services Fund, \u003ca href=\"https://www.acgov.org/board/bos_calendar/documents/DocsAgendaReg_10_14_25/GENERAL%20ADMINISTRATION/Regular%20Calendar/Supervisor%20Fortunato%20Bas_Supervisor%20M%c3%a1rquez_394335.pdf\">the allocation\u003c/a> includes $2.5 million designated for immigrant and refugee support and an additional $1 million for a flexible contingency pool. The funds will extend and increase contracts for three frontline community coalitions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These funds extend the county’s initial $3.5 million emergency package approved on March 11, which helped establish the rapid response services now facing critical demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spearheaded by Supervisors Nikki Fortunato Bas and Elisa Márquez, the action is a direct response to what county staff reports describe as “exponentially more attacks” and “unprecedented levels” of federal immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is about real-time response and building an infrastructure that will continue to educate and empower our communities to withstand this escalation of threats and attacks,” Márquez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050001\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050001\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-11-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-11-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-11-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-11-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A person holds a red card, listing people’s rights and protections if they are approached by ICE agents, in Oakland on July 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Under the new federal budget, Immigration and Customs Enforcement is set to receive an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101910650/ices-budget-just-tripled-whats-next\">additional $75 billion\u003c/a> over four years, representing a more than 300% increase in enforcement and detention capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bas said that residents demanded greater support after a recent Supreme Court ruling that allows federal ICE agents to conduct stops based on perceived ethnicity, raising concerns about heightened racial profiling. The move also follows an incident last month where federal immigration officers\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12057368/unprecedented-ice-arrest-inside-oakland-courthouse-draws-backlash\"> detained a man inside an Oakland courthouse\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the surge in ICE arrests again, the targeting of our immigrant communities, the community has come to us to say it is urgent that we boost our capacity,” Bas said. “This will allow us to expand the rapid response hotline into the weekends and continue defending immigrants in our legal system to ensure they have due process.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The six-month funding extension is designed to fortify the local safety net in a county where one in three residents is foreign-born and half of all children live in a mixed-status household, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.acgov.org/board/bos_calendar/documents/DocsAgendaReg_10_14_25/GENERAL%20ADMINISTRATION/Regular%20Calendar/Supervisor%20Fortunato%20Bas_Supervisor%20M%c3%a1rquez_394335.pdf\">letter\u003c/a> from Bas and Márquez to the board recommending adoption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enforcement data for what ICE refers to as the San Francisco “Area of Responsibility,” which stretches from Kern County to Hawaii, Saipan and Guam and includes Alameda County, showed that immigration arrests doubled in early 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This spike disproportionately impacts working-class families, particularly nationals from Mexico, Guatemala, India, El Salvador and Honduras, according to the supervisors’ letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alameda County Immigration Legal Education Partnership’s rapid response hotline documented a 500% surge in monthly call volume since its relaunch earlier this year, receiving over 1,300 calls between March and October 2025. At Tuesday’s meeting, ACILEP said during the weekday, one staffer currently mans the phone at a time, highlighting the group’s limited capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The $3.57 million will support the county’s three core partners in scaling their services:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://acilep.org/\">ACILEP\u003c/a>: The largest portion of the funding will support the expansion of the organization’s Rapid Response Hotline to operate on weekends and ensure 24/7 coverage, alongside bolstering legal services and community volunteer network coordination.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ccijustice.org/\">California Collaborative for Immigrant Justice\u003c/a>: The funds will maintain removal defense capacity, offset filing fees for low-income clients and fund legal education and outreach—ensuring immigrants in removal proceedings have access to due process and legal protection.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://tuwu.org/\">Trabajadores Unidos Workers United\u003c/a>: The group will use the funding to provide resources, mutual aid and community organizing opportunities to low-income immigrant workers and their families.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The board also designated $50,000 for the Alameda County Public Defender’s Office. This funding will help offset skyrocketing immigration application and litigation fees for low-income clients, such as the recent significant increase in costs for asylum applications and green cards following the passage of President Donald Trump’s “One Big Beautiful” budget bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike all three of its neighboring counties — Contra Costa, San Francisco and Santa Clara — Alameda County does not currently operate a dedicated Office of Immigrant and Refugee Affairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12055079\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12055079\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250905-ADOPTACORNER_00840_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250905-ADOPTACORNER_00840_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250905-ADOPTACORNER_00840_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250905-ADOPTACORNER_00840_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A day laborer waits for work on International Boulevard at a U-Haul in Oakland on Sept. 5, 2025. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We definitely have to do more strategic planning and develop stronger infrastructure for the long term,” Márquez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda County Together, an ad hoc committee prioritizing equity and inclusion for residents, recommended that the county establish such an office, which would be tasked with coordinating resources, overseeing immigrant-serving programs and advising the Board on responsive policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County staff have been directed to return to the Board on Oct. 21 with a comprehensive coordination plan, and again on Oct. 28. The county is engaging with philanthropy, including the San Francisco Foundation’s new initiative, the Stand Together Bay Area Fund, to support these initiatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really important that people have a sense of belonging in this county,” Márquez said. “By us investing in these services, to acknowledge the challenges that are occurring and finding a way to mitigate that, just reaffirms our commitment to being a space and inclusive community for everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "despite-a-growing-case-backlog-trump-fires-6th-san-francisco-immigration-judge",
"title": "Despite a Growing Case Backlog, Trump Fires Sixth San Francisco Immigration Judge",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Department of Justice this week fired a sixth\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/immigration\"> San Francisco immigration judge\u003c/a> since President Donald Trump took office. The firing appears to follow a pattern of targeting adjudicators likely to grant asylum or have spent their careers defending immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Shira Levine, who was appointed to the city’s immigration court in October 2021, was terminated without cause by the Department of Justice this week, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcbayarea.com/investigations/sixth-san-francisco-immigration-judge-fired/3942782/\">NBC Bay Area first reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Milli Atkinson, the director of the Immigrant Legal Defense Program with the Bar Association of San Francisco, Levine wasn’t given an explanation for her removal. But it wasn’t entirely out of the blue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since April, five other judges in the city’s immigration court have received similar termination messages, including Judges Chloe Dillon and Elisa Brasil, the two other judges in the city’s court who have the highest asylum grant rates, according to data collected by \u003ca href=\"https://tracreports.org/immigration/reports/judgereports/00876SFR/index.html\">Transaction Records Access Clearinghouse at Syracuse University\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dillon told KQED she learned she was fired through a three-sentence email on Aug. 22. She opened her inbox late that Friday, returning to her office after hearing oral arguments for a yearslong asylum hearing. She had already indicated how she would rule in the courtroom, and hoped to issue her decision by the end of the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12048131\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/250715-ImmigrationCourtProtests-16-BL_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/250715-ImmigrationCourtProtests-16-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12048131\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/250715-ImmigrationCourtProtests-16-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/250715-ImmigrationCourtProtests-16-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/250715-ImmigrationCourtProtests-16-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Supporters rally outside the U.S. District Court in San Francisco on July 15, 2025, calling on ICE to release Bay Area organizer Guillermo Medina Reyes ahead of his preliminary injunction hearing. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Instead, she spent the next 90 minutes scrambling to collect all of her personal items, return all of her federal property and hand over her 6,000-docket case load without any idea who would pick it up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dillon said it didn’t come entirely as a shock that she was fired — despite the job safety she and other government workers might have had in the past, the Trump administration has treated federal workers as at-will employees. And, she said, there had been mass firings at immigration courts, especially among people who fit certain demographics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said many of the judges who have been fired were appointed during the Biden administration. People with experience representing immigrants, or with high asylum grant rates also appear to be targets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are specifically targeting one end of the spectrum because they don’t like those results; they don’t think that people should be granted asylum essentially,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five of the six dismissed judges have \u003ca href=\"https://tracreports.org/immigration/reports/judgereports/\">higher asylum-granting rates\u003c/a> than the national average and have spent at least part of their careers aiding immigrants in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It appears to be completely ideologically based,” former San Francisco immigration judge Dana Leigh Marks said of the firings. “It’s making assumptions about people from their background, and it appears to be very results-oriented, targeted towards individuals who think more independently and are willing to listen to both sides when a case is presented to them rather than just accepting the government assertions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levine granted asylum to more than 97% of the immigrants in her courtroom between fiscal years 2019 and 2024. Dillon granted 96.5% of people asylum. During that period, the national average hovered around 50%, falling to its lowest last October at just below 36%, according to \u003ca href=\"https://tracreports.org/reports/751/\">TRAC data\u003c/a>.[aside postID=news_12052975 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250820-ICE-ACTIVITY-JCL-03-KQED.jpg']While the numbers don’t reflect that San Francisco asylum seekers are more likely to have representation and have to meet different standards than those in other states, experts said the Department of Justice is targeting judges who they believe are more likely to stray from U.S. prosecutors’ requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marks said it appears that the DOJ is going after judges with backgrounds in immigrant advocacy rights, private practice or public interest law, while those who rose through the ranks as prosecutors for the Immigration and Customs Enforcement Division of the Department of Homeland Security have kept their appointments. She called the pattern “distressing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before being appointed to the court in May 2023, Brasil worked as a private practice immigration attorney, litigating pro bono cases throughout her career. Levine spent more than five years as an immigration attorney at Centro Legal de la Raza and the Immigration Institute of the Bay Area in the East Bay. Dillon served as an attorney advisor at Los Angeles’ immigration court and another fired judge, Jami Vigil, previously worked as a court-appointed counsel for immigrant families for eight years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Marks was appointed in 1987, the federal court system was undergoing a transformation, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the 1980s, many immigration judges were career Department of Homeland Security prosecutors who were “rewarded for their productivity” with a court appointment. But, “when I was recruited, and when others followed me, there was an effort to balance the court so that there were both immigration prosecutors and immigration defenders,” she told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marks was the 68th person to be appointed as an immigration judge in the country. Now, there are more than 600, many of whom previously defended immigrants in the courts they now oversee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s much more appropriate with regard to reflecting public attitudes towards immigration and towards the knowledge base and sophistication and professionalism that the court was trying to achieve,” Marks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent changes, she fears, reflect backsliding within the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August, the DOJ lowered the prerequisites to qualify for temporary judge positions, removing the requirement that candidates have prior immigration experience. The following week, the federal government authorized 600 military lawyers to serve as temporary immigration judges, NPR reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Immigration law is routinely considered to be second in complexity to tax law,” Marks said. “To hire someone with no immigration law experience seems very, very unfair, counterproductive [and] undermining the integrity and respect that the immigration judge core deserves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I fear it will have lasting consequences. And none of them good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the firings, U.S. immigration courts had growing case backlogs as ICE enforcement efforts ramped up under the Trump administration. New temporary judges who don’t understand the nuances of the immigration field, and don’t have time for training or mentorship, will likely work more slowly and could make more errors, Atkinson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both she and Marks said this could extend already long wait times for court dates and increase the number of erroneous rulings that end up in appeals court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Atkinson believes the changes could further deter asylum seekers from pursuing their cases if they cannot afford representation on appeal or understand the filing timeline to do so. Advocates have already been raising alarms that ICE agents are making previously unprecedented arrests in the halls of immigration courts and outside ICE field offices when people reported to mandatory hearings or check-in appointments, a move they say is meant to scare asylum seekers into missing these appointments and losing their case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every barrier at every stage is going to mean more and more asylum seekers are going to be put at risk of being removed and deported because they didn’t have the opportunity to present their case in front of a fair and unbiased judge,” she told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Department of Justice this week fired a sixth\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/immigration\"> San Francisco immigration judge\u003c/a> since President Donald Trump took office. The firing appears to follow a pattern of targeting adjudicators likely to grant asylum or have spent their careers defending immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Shira Levine, who was appointed to the city’s immigration court in October 2021, was terminated without cause by the Department of Justice this week, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcbayarea.com/investigations/sixth-san-francisco-immigration-judge-fired/3942782/\">NBC Bay Area first reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Milli Atkinson, the director of the Immigrant Legal Defense Program with the Bar Association of San Francisco, Levine wasn’t given an explanation for her removal. But it wasn’t entirely out of the blue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since April, five other judges in the city’s immigration court have received similar termination messages, including Judges Chloe Dillon and Elisa Brasil, the two other judges in the city’s court who have the highest asylum grant rates, according to data collected by \u003ca href=\"https://tracreports.org/immigration/reports/judgereports/00876SFR/index.html\">Transaction Records Access Clearinghouse at Syracuse University\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dillon told KQED she learned she was fired through a three-sentence email on Aug. 22. She opened her inbox late that Friday, returning to her office after hearing oral arguments for a yearslong asylum hearing. She had already indicated how she would rule in the courtroom, and hoped to issue her decision by the end of the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12048131\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/250715-ImmigrationCourtProtests-16-BL_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/250715-ImmigrationCourtProtests-16-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12048131\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/250715-ImmigrationCourtProtests-16-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/250715-ImmigrationCourtProtests-16-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/250715-ImmigrationCourtProtests-16-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Supporters rally outside the U.S. District Court in San Francisco on July 15, 2025, calling on ICE to release Bay Area organizer Guillermo Medina Reyes ahead of his preliminary injunction hearing. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Instead, she spent the next 90 minutes scrambling to collect all of her personal items, return all of her federal property and hand over her 6,000-docket case load without any idea who would pick it up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dillon said it didn’t come entirely as a shock that she was fired — despite the job safety she and other government workers might have had in the past, the Trump administration has treated federal workers as at-will employees. And, she said, there had been mass firings at immigration courts, especially among people who fit certain demographics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said many of the judges who have been fired were appointed during the Biden administration. People with experience representing immigrants, or with high asylum grant rates also appear to be targets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are specifically targeting one end of the spectrum because they don’t like those results; they don’t think that people should be granted asylum essentially,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five of the six dismissed judges have \u003ca href=\"https://tracreports.org/immigration/reports/judgereports/\">higher asylum-granting rates\u003c/a> than the national average and have spent at least part of their careers aiding immigrants in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It appears to be completely ideologically based,” former San Francisco immigration judge Dana Leigh Marks said of the firings. “It’s making assumptions about people from their background, and it appears to be very results-oriented, targeted towards individuals who think more independently and are willing to listen to both sides when a case is presented to them rather than just accepting the government assertions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levine granted asylum to more than 97% of the immigrants in her courtroom between fiscal years 2019 and 2024. Dillon granted 96.5% of people asylum. During that period, the national average hovered around 50%, falling to its lowest last October at just below 36%, according to \u003ca href=\"https://tracreports.org/reports/751/\">TRAC data\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>While the numbers don’t reflect that San Francisco asylum seekers are more likely to have representation and have to meet different standards than those in other states, experts said the Department of Justice is targeting judges who they believe are more likely to stray from U.S. prosecutors’ requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marks said it appears that the DOJ is going after judges with backgrounds in immigrant advocacy rights, private practice or public interest law, while those who rose through the ranks as prosecutors for the Immigration and Customs Enforcement Division of the Department of Homeland Security have kept their appointments. She called the pattern “distressing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before being appointed to the court in May 2023, Brasil worked as a private practice immigration attorney, litigating pro bono cases throughout her career. Levine spent more than five years as an immigration attorney at Centro Legal de la Raza and the Immigration Institute of the Bay Area in the East Bay. Dillon served as an attorney advisor at Los Angeles’ immigration court and another fired judge, Jami Vigil, previously worked as a court-appointed counsel for immigrant families for eight years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Marks was appointed in 1987, the federal court system was undergoing a transformation, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the 1980s, many immigration judges were career Department of Homeland Security prosecutors who were “rewarded for their productivity” with a court appointment. But, “when I was recruited, and when others followed me, there was an effort to balance the court so that there were both immigration prosecutors and immigration defenders,” she told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marks was the 68th person to be appointed as an immigration judge in the country. Now, there are more than 600, many of whom previously defended immigrants in the courts they now oversee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s much more appropriate with regard to reflecting public attitudes towards immigration and towards the knowledge base and sophistication and professionalism that the court was trying to achieve,” Marks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent changes, she fears, reflect backsliding within the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August, the DOJ lowered the prerequisites to qualify for temporary judge positions, removing the requirement that candidates have prior immigration experience. The following week, the federal government authorized 600 military lawyers to serve as temporary immigration judges, NPR reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Immigration law is routinely considered to be second in complexity to tax law,” Marks said. “To hire someone with no immigration law experience seems very, very unfair, counterproductive [and] undermining the integrity and respect that the immigration judge core deserves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I fear it will have lasting consequences. And none of them good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the firings, U.S. immigration courts had growing case backlogs as ICE enforcement efforts ramped up under the Trump administration. New temporary judges who don’t understand the nuances of the immigration field, and don’t have time for training or mentorship, will likely work more slowly and could make more errors, Atkinson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both she and Marks said this could extend already long wait times for court dates and increase the number of erroneous rulings that end up in appeals court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Atkinson believes the changes could further deter asylum seekers from pursuing their cases if they cannot afford representation on appeal or understand the filing timeline to do so. Advocates have already been raising alarms that ICE agents are making previously unprecedented arrests in the halls of immigration courts and outside ICE field offices when people reported to mandatory hearings or check-in appointments, a move they say is meant to scare asylum seekers into missing these appointments and losing their case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every barrier at every stage is going to mean more and more asylum seekers are going to be put at risk of being removed and deported because they didn’t have the opportunity to present their case in front of a fair and unbiased judge,” she told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A new \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12046793/facility-in-california-city-expected-to-be-states-largest-migrant-detention-center\">immigration detention facility\u003c/a> has quietly opened in California’s Mojave Desert, even though the private prison company that owns it may lack the permits to operate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California City Detention Facility in Kern County is set to become the largest immigration detention center in the state, with a \u003ca href=\"https://ir.corecivic.com/news-releases/news-release-details/corecivic-reports-second-quarter-2025-financial-results#:~:text=Intake%20Process%20Expected%20to%20Begin,required%20to%20operate%20the%20facility.\">capacity \u003c/a>of 2,560 beds. It’s part of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12048121/how-immigrant-communities-are-bracing-for-ice-expansion\">Trump administration’s push\u003c/a> for a massive expansion of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement detention nationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reopened prison in California City, a small town 100 miles north of Los Angeles, would significantly increase ICE’s ability to hold immigrants for deportation in the state. For most of the past year, ICE has held roughly 3,600 people a day on average across its six other California facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CoreCivic, the Tennessee-based private prison company that owns and operates the facility, confirmed it has begun receiving ICE detainees but would not say when it started to do so. Lawyers for detained immigrants say they first heard last week that clients were being transferred from other locations to California City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are once again housing federal detainees to meet the immediate needs of our government partners,” CoreCivic spokesperson Ryan Gustin said in a statement. He added that the company was responding “to an immediate need from the federal government for safe, humane and appropriate housing and care for these individuals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12054610\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12054610\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKernCountyGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKernCountyGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKernCountyGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKernCountyGetty-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The CoreCivic, Inc. California City Immigration Processing Center stands in the Kern County desert awaiting reopening as a federal immigrant detention facility under contract with the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) in California City, California, on July 10, 2025. \u003ccite>(Patrick T. Fallon/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Yet immigrant rights advocates who oppose the facility claim CoreCivic is operating without proper permits and in defiance of a state law that \u003ca href=\"https://legiscan.com/CA/text/SB29/id/1651848\">requires \u003c/a>180 days’ public notice and two public meetings before a local government can issue a permit allowing a private company to run an immigration jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CoreCivic built the prison in the 1990s with a capacity of 2,300 inmates. It contracted first with the federal government and then with the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, which operated it as a state prison. The state ended its contract in 2023 as part of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11949943/when-california-downsizes-prisons-incarcerated-people-are-shuffled-out-of-community-college-classes\">an effort to reduce incarceration.\u003c/a> The prison has sat empty since.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Significant public health and safety risks’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Grisel Ruiz, an attorney with the Immigrant Legal Resource Center in San Francisco, said CoreCivic still needs a city business license and a conditional use permit, arguing that an immigration detention center differs significantly from a long-term prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are operating unlawfully,” she told the California City Planning Commission at its meeting Tuesday. “We urge the Planning Commission to hold CoreCivic accountable to local municipal code and state law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12054615\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12054615 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKQED1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1125\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKQED1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKQED1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKQED1-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The CoreCivic Inc. California City Immigration Processing Center in California City, California, in June 2025. \u003ccite>(Saul Gonzalez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ruiz was one of dozens of immigrant advocates, business owners, faith leaders and local residents who spoke in opposition to the project at the packed meeting on Tuesday night. Many called on the commission to shut down CoreCivic’s facility for operating without permits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chair David Brottlund said commissioners could not act on an issue unless staff presented them with an agenda item, and that he city council could overrule them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The five-member city council has not had a quorum to function for weeks, after two members stepped down and another has missed meetings. As a result, Mayor Marquette Hawkins said the council has not had a chance to discuss the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company has applied for a business license, but the application is still pending. In an Aug. 5 Planning Commission \u003ca href=\"https://californiacity.granicus.com/DocumentViewer.php?file=californiacity_88dee556fc9f227ce0b4a1acab618b55.pdf&view=1\">report\u003c/a>, city planner Anu Doravari noted: “Business license will be considered for approval once Fire & Building Dept. requirements and inspections are met.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The facility failed a fire department inspection in late July.[aside postID=news_12053380 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/75ACE4D9-068E-4167-9BD3-CFF3A0BE597B-2000x1335.jpg']In a July 29 letter to CoreCivic describing the deficiencies, City Manager Christopher Lopez wrote that the building is unsafe and violates the fire code because its construction prevents radio signals from transmitting from key areas, including the location of the fire alarm control panel, mechanics shop, IT server rooms and some inmate cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Risks to the public’s health and safety are of such significance that the City cannot permit or otherwise allow for the operation of the facility at this time and in its current condition,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lopez was unavailable for comment on whether the fire safety issue had been resolved and what permits city staff believe CoreCivic must obtain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gustin said CoreCivic had addressed all the concerns raised in the letter and had “submitted all required information for the business license.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawkins said in an interview that the city lacks jurisdiction over what a private business does, “as long as they have their ducks in a row.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the case of the immigration processing center, which has the federal layer of protection, there’s even less that we can do as a municipality in terms of how we regulate what they do and whether or not their doors open,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawkins said some residents expressed concern that the CoreCivic facility put too much pressure on the desert city’s water and sewer systems. He acknowledged that those systems are fragile but said the prison was not the source of the problem. The detention facility, he added, is already creating jobs and will augment the city’s tax revenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He referred questions about licensing to the city manager and city planner— neither of whom responded to KQED’s requests for comment by press time.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Incarcerating farmworkers and nannies’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Montes Diaz, a 33-year-old California man detained at the Mesa Verde ICE Processing Center in Bakersfield, said he had first-hand experience of what he called the “poor infrastructure” at the California City facility when it was operating as a state prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s up there with some of the worst time I’ve been in prison,” said Montes Diaz, who served a criminal sentence there and said he did not ever want to go back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12054617\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12054617\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKQED3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1125\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKQED3.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKQED3-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKQED3-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The CoreCivic Inc. California City Immigration Processing Center in California City, California, in June 2025. \u003ccite>(Saul Gonzalez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In April of 2023, a water line ruptured, cutting off drinking water and the\u003cbr>\nability to flush toilets. Montes Diaz recalls a couple of days, before portable toilets were installed, when prison staff issued plastic bags to inmates to relieve themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had it better than others,” he said. “I was the main baker and the little water we had was prioritized for the kitchen, so I was able to use the restroom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDCR spokesperson Mary Xjimenez confirmed the break but said staff provided bottled water and portable toilets within 24 hours. She said CDCR “did not issue plastic bags and did not condone this use,” adding that CoreCivic, the building’s owner, carried out the repair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montes Diaz said the warden at Mesa Verde told him late last week that some detainees would soon be transferred to the California City facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE did not respond to KQED’s questions, including whether it had inspected the facility prior to housing detainees there and why it was placing people at a facility that is so far not licensed to do business in California City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB103\">state law\u003c/a>, the California attorney general has authority to inspect conditions at privately-owned immigration detention facilities in California.[aside postID=news_12054322 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/NationalGuardLAAP.jpg']Nina Sheridan, a spokesperson for Attorney General Rob Bonta, said in an email that these reviews “remain especially critical in light of efforts by the Trump Administration to both eliminate federal oversight of conditions at immigration detention facilities and increase their inhumane campaign of deportation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added: “As we’ve shown in recent reports, conditions at these facilities are already substandard in a number of areas, failing to meet ICE’s own detention standards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April, the federal government awarded CoreCivic a six-month, \u003ca href=\"https://www.usaspending.gov/award/CONT_IDV_70CDCR25D00000010_7012\">$31 million contract \u003c/a>to prepare and reopen the facility. To date, $13.5 million of that has been spent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an emailed statement, an ICE spokesperson who would not identify themself said the agency has “an urgent operational need to house the historic number of arrests and removals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Expanding detention is “critical to restoring law and order,” the statement said, adding that ICE is working to “bring online over 60 new detention facilities, to include California City. These contracts ensure ICE has the resources and infrastructure required to detain individuals who violate our immigration laws and to carry out its enforcement mission effectively.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some residents of the desert community \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12046793/facility-in-california-city-expected-to-be-states-largest-migrant-detention-center\">told KQED\u003c/a> in early summer that they hoped that restarting the prison facility would bring new jobs to their struggling town. Others said, while they voted for President Donald Trump, they disagreed with ICE tactics of arresting non-criminals and breaking apart families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, ICE has had six detention centers in California, all of them privately-owned. The largest until now was Otay Mesa Detention Center in San Diego County, with \u003ca href=\"https://tracreports.org/reports/762/#:~:text=As%20of%20April%2014%2C%202025,these%20181%20authorized%20detention%20facilities.\">a contractual capacity of 1,358 beds\u003c/a>. These facilities are becoming increasingly \u003ca href=\"https://www.kpbs.org/news/local/2025/07/28/overcrowded-conditions-plague-otay-mesa-and-other-immigrant-detention-facilities\">overcrowded\u003c/a>, as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/aug/03/trump-administration-daily-quota-immigration-arrests\">White House\u003c/a> has pushed agents to meet a goal of 3,000 arrests per day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE is currently detaining more than \u003ca href=\"https://tracreports.org/immigration/quickfacts/\">61,000 people\u003c/a> nationwide, up from 39,000 at the start of the year. Immigration detention is not a criminal sentence — it is civil detention while people await deportation or fight their cases in immigration court. Advocates argue that ICE detention is cruel and unnecessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Tuesday evening planning commission meeting in California City, advocates warned that once ICE facilities are opened, there’s growing pressure to fill them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruiz, the ILRC attorney, told commissioners: “The decisions being made right now will impact this community for decades to come. Detention centers operate for decades, and we know that California City is better than that. California City deserves to be known as more than a prison town.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another speaker was United Farm Workers co-founder Dolores Huerta. The 95-year-old Kern County resident waited nearly 90 minutes for her turn at the microphone during public comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing at the podium, she called Trump’s mass detention and deportation plan a move toward authoritarianism, and decried the $45 billion in new Congressional funding for ICE detention “to incarcerate farmworkers and nannies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are we going to fight back?” she asked the commissioners. “This is our test … You have to stand up to this prison system here in California City. You can do it. Si se puede.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A new \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12046793/facility-in-california-city-expected-to-be-states-largest-migrant-detention-center\">immigration detention facility\u003c/a> has quietly opened in California’s Mojave Desert, even though the private prison company that owns it may lack the permits to operate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California City Detention Facility in Kern County is set to become the largest immigration detention center in the state, with a \u003ca href=\"https://ir.corecivic.com/news-releases/news-release-details/corecivic-reports-second-quarter-2025-financial-results#:~:text=Intake%20Process%20Expected%20to%20Begin,required%20to%20operate%20the%20facility.\">capacity \u003c/a>of 2,560 beds. It’s part of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12048121/how-immigrant-communities-are-bracing-for-ice-expansion\">Trump administration’s push\u003c/a> for a massive expansion of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement detention nationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reopened prison in California City, a small town 100 miles north of Los Angeles, would significantly increase ICE’s ability to hold immigrants for deportation in the state. For most of the past year, ICE has held roughly 3,600 people a day on average across its six other California facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CoreCivic, the Tennessee-based private prison company that owns and operates the facility, confirmed it has begun receiving ICE detainees but would not say when it started to do so. Lawyers for detained immigrants say they first heard last week that clients were being transferred from other locations to California City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are once again housing federal detainees to meet the immediate needs of our government partners,” CoreCivic spokesperson Ryan Gustin said in a statement. He added that the company was responding “to an immediate need from the federal government for safe, humane and appropriate housing and care for these individuals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12054610\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12054610\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKernCountyGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKernCountyGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKernCountyGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKernCountyGetty-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The CoreCivic, Inc. California City Immigration Processing Center stands in the Kern County desert awaiting reopening as a federal immigrant detention facility under contract with the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) in California City, California, on July 10, 2025. \u003ccite>(Patrick T. Fallon/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Yet immigrant rights advocates who oppose the facility claim CoreCivic is operating without proper permits and in defiance of a state law that \u003ca href=\"https://legiscan.com/CA/text/SB29/id/1651848\">requires \u003c/a>180 days’ public notice and two public meetings before a local government can issue a permit allowing a private company to run an immigration jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CoreCivic built the prison in the 1990s with a capacity of 2,300 inmates. It contracted first with the federal government and then with the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, which operated it as a state prison. The state ended its contract in 2023 as part of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11949943/when-california-downsizes-prisons-incarcerated-people-are-shuffled-out-of-community-college-classes\">an effort to reduce incarceration.\u003c/a> The prison has sat empty since.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Significant public health and safety risks’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Grisel Ruiz, an attorney with the Immigrant Legal Resource Center in San Francisco, said CoreCivic still needs a city business license and a conditional use permit, arguing that an immigration detention center differs significantly from a long-term prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are operating unlawfully,” she told the California City Planning Commission at its meeting Tuesday. “We urge the Planning Commission to hold CoreCivic accountable to local municipal code and state law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12054615\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12054615 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKQED1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1125\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKQED1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKQED1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKQED1-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The CoreCivic Inc. California City Immigration Processing Center in California City, California, in June 2025. \u003ccite>(Saul Gonzalez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ruiz was one of dozens of immigrant advocates, business owners, faith leaders and local residents who spoke in opposition to the project at the packed meeting on Tuesday night. Many called on the commission to shut down CoreCivic’s facility for operating without permits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chair David Brottlund said commissioners could not act on an issue unless staff presented them with an agenda item, and that he city council could overrule them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The five-member city council has not had a quorum to function for weeks, after two members stepped down and another has missed meetings. As a result, Mayor Marquette Hawkins said the council has not had a chance to discuss the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company has applied for a business license, but the application is still pending. In an Aug. 5 Planning Commission \u003ca href=\"https://californiacity.granicus.com/DocumentViewer.php?file=californiacity_88dee556fc9f227ce0b4a1acab618b55.pdf&view=1\">report\u003c/a>, city planner Anu Doravari noted: “Business license will be considered for approval once Fire & Building Dept. requirements and inspections are met.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The facility failed a fire department inspection in late July.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In a July 29 letter to CoreCivic describing the deficiencies, City Manager Christopher Lopez wrote that the building is unsafe and violates the fire code because its construction prevents radio signals from transmitting from key areas, including the location of the fire alarm control panel, mechanics shop, IT server rooms and some inmate cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Risks to the public’s health and safety are of such significance that the City cannot permit or otherwise allow for the operation of the facility at this time and in its current condition,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lopez was unavailable for comment on whether the fire safety issue had been resolved and what permits city staff believe CoreCivic must obtain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gustin said CoreCivic had addressed all the concerns raised in the letter and had “submitted all required information for the business license.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawkins said in an interview that the city lacks jurisdiction over what a private business does, “as long as they have their ducks in a row.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the case of the immigration processing center, which has the federal layer of protection, there’s even less that we can do as a municipality in terms of how we regulate what they do and whether or not their doors open,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawkins said some residents expressed concern that the CoreCivic facility put too much pressure on the desert city’s water and sewer systems. He acknowledged that those systems are fragile but said the prison was not the source of the problem. The detention facility, he added, is already creating jobs and will augment the city’s tax revenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He referred questions about licensing to the city manager and city planner— neither of whom responded to KQED’s requests for comment by press time.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Incarcerating farmworkers and nannies’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Montes Diaz, a 33-year-old California man detained at the Mesa Verde ICE Processing Center in Bakersfield, said he had first-hand experience of what he called the “poor infrastructure” at the California City facility when it was operating as a state prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s up there with some of the worst time I’ve been in prison,” said Montes Diaz, who served a criminal sentence there and said he did not ever want to go back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12054617\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12054617\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKQED3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1125\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKQED3.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKQED3-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/CoreCivicKQED3-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The CoreCivic Inc. California City Immigration Processing Center in California City, California, in June 2025. \u003ccite>(Saul Gonzalez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In April of 2023, a water line ruptured, cutting off drinking water and the\u003cbr>\nability to flush toilets. Montes Diaz recalls a couple of days, before portable toilets were installed, when prison staff issued plastic bags to inmates to relieve themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had it better than others,” he said. “I was the main baker and the little water we had was prioritized for the kitchen, so I was able to use the restroom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDCR spokesperson Mary Xjimenez confirmed the break but said staff provided bottled water and portable toilets within 24 hours. She said CDCR “did not issue plastic bags and did not condone this use,” adding that CoreCivic, the building’s owner, carried out the repair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montes Diaz said the warden at Mesa Verde told him late last week that some detainees would soon be transferred to the California City facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE did not respond to KQED’s questions, including whether it had inspected the facility prior to housing detainees there and why it was placing people at a facility that is so far not licensed to do business in California City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB103\">state law\u003c/a>, the California attorney general has authority to inspect conditions at privately-owned immigration detention facilities in California.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Nina Sheridan, a spokesperson for Attorney General Rob Bonta, said in an email that these reviews “remain especially critical in light of efforts by the Trump Administration to both eliminate federal oversight of conditions at immigration detention facilities and increase their inhumane campaign of deportation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added: “As we’ve shown in recent reports, conditions at these facilities are already substandard in a number of areas, failing to meet ICE’s own detention standards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April, the federal government awarded CoreCivic a six-month, \u003ca href=\"https://www.usaspending.gov/award/CONT_IDV_70CDCR25D00000010_7012\">$31 million contract \u003c/a>to prepare and reopen the facility. To date, $13.5 million of that has been spent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an emailed statement, an ICE spokesperson who would not identify themself said the agency has “an urgent operational need to house the historic number of arrests and removals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Expanding detention is “critical to restoring law and order,” the statement said, adding that ICE is working to “bring online over 60 new detention facilities, to include California City. These contracts ensure ICE has the resources and infrastructure required to detain individuals who violate our immigration laws and to carry out its enforcement mission effectively.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some residents of the desert community \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12046793/facility-in-california-city-expected-to-be-states-largest-migrant-detention-center\">told KQED\u003c/a> in early summer that they hoped that restarting the prison facility would bring new jobs to their struggling town. Others said, while they voted for President Donald Trump, they disagreed with ICE tactics of arresting non-criminals and breaking apart families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, ICE has had six detention centers in California, all of them privately-owned. The largest until now was Otay Mesa Detention Center in San Diego County, with \u003ca href=\"https://tracreports.org/reports/762/#:~:text=As%20of%20April%2014%2C%202025,these%20181%20authorized%20detention%20facilities.\">a contractual capacity of 1,358 beds\u003c/a>. These facilities are becoming increasingly \u003ca href=\"https://www.kpbs.org/news/local/2025/07/28/overcrowded-conditions-plague-otay-mesa-and-other-immigrant-detention-facilities\">overcrowded\u003c/a>, as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/aug/03/trump-administration-daily-quota-immigration-arrests\">White House\u003c/a> has pushed agents to meet a goal of 3,000 arrests per day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE is currently detaining more than \u003ca href=\"https://tracreports.org/immigration/quickfacts/\">61,000 people\u003c/a> nationwide, up from 39,000 at the start of the year. Immigration detention is not a criminal sentence — it is civil detention while people await deportation or fight their cases in immigration court. Advocates argue that ICE detention is cruel and unnecessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Tuesday evening planning commission meeting in California City, advocates warned that once ICE facilities are opened, there’s growing pressure to fill them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruiz, the ILRC attorney, told commissioners: “The decisions being made right now will impact this community for decades to come. Detention centers operate for decades, and we know that California City is better than that. California City deserves to be known as more than a prison town.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another speaker was United Farm Workers co-founder Dolores Huerta. The 95-year-old Kern County resident waited nearly 90 minutes for her turn at the microphone during public comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing at the podium, she called Trump’s mass detention and deportation plan a move toward authoritarianism, and decried the $45 billion in new Congressional funding for ICE detention “to incarcerate farmworkers and nannies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are we going to fight back?” she asked the commissioners. “This is our test … You have to stand up to this prison system here in California City. You can do it. Si se puede.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "how-a-chinese-laundryman-shaped-us-civil-rights-from-san-francisco",
"title": "How a Chinese Laundryman Shaped US Civil Rights From San Francisco",
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"headTitle": "How a Chinese Laundryman Shaped US Civil Rights From San Francisco | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The evening commute rush hour was starting to take shape on a recent late afternoon in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-francisco\">San Francisco\u003c/a>’s SOMA district, at the corner of Third and Harrison streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Downtown office workers, wearing backpacks and headphones, wordlessly passed one another on their way to nearby train stations. Muni buses groaned and sighed as they pulled up to a bus stop near an unremarkable half-acre concrete parking lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you believe in civil rights, if you believe all Americans should have civil rights, it started right here,” said David Lei, pointing to the nearly full concrete parking lot that would soon begin emptying. He added: “And this was [the location of] the case that says noncitizens have rights as well … but we forgot. Most people have forgotten.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The de facto local expert on Chinese American history believes a plaque should be installed here to commemorate Yick Wo, a Chinese-owned laundry business that operated at 349 Third St. from 1864 to 1886.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It became the focal point of a consequential U.S. Supreme Court case, \u003ca href=\"https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/118/356/\">\u003cem>Yick Wo v. Hopkins\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, when the laundry’s owner, a Chinese immigrant named Lee Yick, and another laundry owner, Wo Lee, resisted an unfair San Francisco laundry business permit ordinance — one emblematic of the targeted anti-Chinese hostility pervasive in the city at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yick was an individual, a nobody, but the community supported him and organized,” Lei said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050750\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050750\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Lei stands near Third and Harrison streets in San Francisco on July 29, 2025, the former site of Yick Wo Laundry, which operated at 349 Third St. and was central to the landmark 1886 Supreme Court case on equal protection. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When most people consider the contributions of America’s earliest Chinese immigrants, they often think of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/201509070900/stanford-project-unearths-personal-histories-of-chinese-railroad-workers\">the Transcontinental Railroad\u003c/a>. Lei, who is not related to the author, believes that’s a profound minimization of their influence — even among Chinese Americans themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, Chinese immigrants filed more than 10,000 lawsuits at the local, state and federal levels to challenge discriminatory laws and systemic \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10413670/draft-boomtown-history-2a\">racism\u003c/a>. Dozens of those cases reached the U.S. Supreme Court, including one brought by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015449/a-129-year-old-san-francisco-lawsuit-could-stop-trump-from-ending-birthright-citizenship\">Wong Kim Ark\u003c/a>, a case recently spotlighted as the Trump administration continues an attempt to dismantle birthright citizenship, despite \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12046217/what-the-supreme-courts-latest-ruling-means-for-birthright-citizenship\">multiple court rulings\u003c/a> to block the executive order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through the legal maneuvering of early Chinese community leaders, \u003cem>Yick Wo \u003c/em>established that \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-14/\">the 14th Amendment\u003c/a>’s equal protection and due process clauses apply to “all persons” — including noncitizens in the U.S. These same rights are being tested today as the Trump administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12044748/mass-deportations-would-take-a-major-toll-on-california-economy-report-finds\">immigration crackdown intensifies\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Yick Wo\u003c/em> is just one way early Chinese immigrants helped shape constitutional principles that remain foundational to American democracy. Community leaders and immigrant advocates like Lei say the case is more relevant today than ever, serving as a powerful rebuttal to anti-immigrant rhetoric and a reminder that constitutional protections have long applied to noncitizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Echoes of the past in today’s immigration fight\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Though \u003cem>Yick Wo v. Hopkins \u003c/em>is a staple of constitutional law courses, it remains largely unknown outside the legal community. In 1984, an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12008873/san-francisco-school-closures-will-hurt-chinese-immigrant-communities-city-leaders-say\">elementary school\u003c/a> in San Francisco was named after the case, but its website offers only a cursory summary of its historical significance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal experts herald Yick’s victory as extraordinary, given the anti-immigrant environment Chinese immigrants endured in the 19th century — attitudes that echo today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since returning to the White House, Trump has made good on his promise of a massive deportation campaign by aggressively targeting, detaining and deporting immigrants nationwide. High-profile Immigration and Customs Enforcement activity \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12042836/community-outrage-continues-over-ice-raid-at-san-diego-restaurant\">in Southern California \u003c/a>captured national attention in June, as videos of militarized arrests circulated on social media and fueled \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043653/hundreds-rally-in-oakland-to-protest-ice-raids-support-immigrant-communities\">protests locally\u003c/a> and across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050752\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050752\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-02-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The exhibit Challenging a White-Washed History at the Chinese Historical Society of America Museum in San Francisco on July 31, 2025. The exhibition explores the history of Chinese laundries and their role in resisting discrimination and shaping immigrant labor in the U.S. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The administration continues to portray undocumented immigrants as criminal invaders and threats to national security. Officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2025/06/30/dhs-debunks-fake-news-media-narratives-june\">claim\u003c/a> they target “the worst of the worst, including gang members, murderers, and rapists,” but most people detained by ICE have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038087/california-sent-investigators-ice-facilities-found-more-detainees-health-care-gaps\">no criminal convictions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, in the Bay Area, ICE arrests have occurred \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12028303/ice-arrest-left-bay-area-man-hospitalized-struggling-breathe-attorney-says\">outside of homes\u003c/a> and courthouses \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12044592/bay-area-lawmaker-demands-answers-after-ice-arrests-at-immigration-courts\">in Concord\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043596/protesters-swarm-sf-immigration-court-after-more-ice-arrests\">San Francisco\u003c/a>, where plainclothes agents detained asylum seekers attending routine court hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cecillia Wang, national legal director of the American Civil Liberties Union, began her role just before Trump’s second term. She oversees a department of about 200 attorneys and paralegals and calls this “the most consequential time in U.S. history.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late July, Republicans approved a spending bill that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101910650/ices-budget-just-tripled-whats-next\">tripled ICE’s budget\u003c/a>. The removal of immigrants from the country has accelerated through a variety of tactics: The Trump administration has broadened expedited removal, selectively enforced policies in sanctuary jurisdictions, targeted certain migrant groups and fast-tracked deportations — often without full hearings.[aside postID=news_12021919 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-47-1020x680.jpg']But because of \u003cem>Yick Wo\u003c/em>, constitutional protections should apply to everyone on U.S. soil, regardless of citizenship status. That’s why immigration attorneys and advocates are especially vigilant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a responsibility that I think is particularly heavy at this moment in time, with a president and administration that has so little respect for civil rights and civil liberties…and so little respect for all the fundamental pillars of U.S. democracy,” Wang said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A San Francisco resident, Wang has worked for the ACLU in various roles for over two decades. The organization has filed more than 60 lawsuits challenging Trump’s second-term policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wang, who first studied \u003cem>Yick Wo\u003c/em> as an undergraduate at UC Berkeley, feels personally connected to the case as an Asian American. She has cited it throughout her career as a civil rights lawyer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the lessons of \u003cem>Yick Wo \u003c/em>that I think is really resonant for me right now is that someone who seemed politically powerless, under-resourced and invisible by all accounts was able to bring his claim up through the federal court system to the Supreme Court of the United States,” Wang said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Redefining constitutional rights in the U.S.\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When one considers the odds stacked against Chinese laundry owners as Yick brought his claim forward, the case becomes especially remarkable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though initially welcomed during the Gold Rush, Chinese immigrants eventually became targets as their population and industrial workforce roles expanded. They took jobs as miners and railroad laborers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were also entrepreneurial. Early Chinese immigrants filled a specific need that no one else seemed eager to do: laundry service. Chinese immigrants eventually dominated the industry, which would continue for the rest of the 19th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051938\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051938\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250812-YICK-WO-ARCHIVAL-03_KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1545\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250812-YICK-WO-ARCHIVAL-03_KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250812-YICK-WO-ARCHIVAL-03_KQED-160x124.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250812-YICK-WO-ARCHIVAL-03_KQED-1536x1187.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A Chinese laundry at 924 Howard St. in San Francisco \u003c/span>is shown in a historical photograph dated Jan. 22, 1886. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the National Archives at San Francisco)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By 1860, about one in 10 California residents was Chinese. Their prominence alarmed white leaders, including then-California governor Henry Huntly Haight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“An additional influx of Chinese to compete with white laboring men in all industrial departments ought to be discouraged by all lawful means. For the sake of some supposed advantage of cheap labor, such influx would inflict a curse upon posterity for all time,” he said during his \u003ca href=\"https://governors.library.ca.gov/addresses/10-haight.html\">1867 inaugural address\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Widespread violence soon followed. By the 1870s, anti-Chinese sentiment escalated across the West Coast, with Chinese immigrants subjected to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101886267/california-cities-apologize-for-historical-wrongs-against-chinese-community\">mob-led destruction\u003c/a>, including mass lynchings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003cem>In Search of Equality: The Chinese Struggle Against Discrimination in Nineteenth-Century America\u003c/em>, a seminal book on Chinese American history by former UC Berkeley professor Charles McClain, there were about 2,600 Chinese laundrymen in California by 1870 — half of them in San Francisco.[aside postID=news_12033789 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/250324-WongKimArk-02-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg']Chinese laundry owners faced a flurry of discriminatory city ordinances. One imposed high license fees on those without horse-drawn carriages. Another required written approval from 12 citizens and taxpayers on the block where the business was located.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1880, the city passed a notorious law requiring permits for laundries not made of brick or stone. At the time, nearly all of San Francisco’s laundries, especially those owned by Chinese immigrants, were wooden structures. Of about 200 applicants, all were denied permits, while their white counterparts were not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1885, Yick Wo’s owner refused to stop operating and was arrested by Sheriff Peter Hopkins. Rather than serve the sentence, Lee and other laundrymen fought back with support from the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association, also known as the Chinese Six Companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Six Companies — a powerful coalition of family and district associations that functioned as both mutual aid organizations and political advocates for the Chinese immigrant community — \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015449/a-129-year-old-san-francisco-lawsuit-could-stop-trump-from-ending-birthright-citizenship\">coordinated legal strategies\u003c/a>, raised sizable funds by taxing Chinese immigrants and, importantly, helped them navigate a hostile legal system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was the GoFundMe of Chinatown from 1850,” Lei told KQED from inside CCBA’s ornately designed Stockton Street headquarters, where family association leaders and San Francisco politicians still meet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Together with Tung Hing Tong, a 19th-century Chinese laundry association, substantial resources were pooled to fight San Francisco’s unfair permitting ordinance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050748\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050748\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-01-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Lei stands on Spofford Street in San Francisco’s Chinatown on July 29, 2025, the historical site of the Chinese Laundry Association, once located at 33 Spofford St. A longtime resident and community historian, Lei has worked to preserve Chinatown’s cultural and educational legacy. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They taxed themselves, raised $20,000 — equivalent to more than half a million dollars today — and hired the best lawyer money could buy to win this case,” Lei said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That lawyer was Hall McAllister, a federal judge and founder of the California Bar Association, who became one of the key members of the Six Companies’ legal team as they filed lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked why these powerful white lawyers would go against the popular grain to argue on behalf of Chinese immigrants, Lei said Chinese immigrants often paid up to about double of what other clients would pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The strategy worked.[aside postID=news_12015449 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/20241119_BirthrightCitizenshipExplainer_GC-16_qed-1020x680.jpg']In 1886, the U.S. Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/118/356/\">ruled unanimously for Yick\u003c/a>, declaring that even if a law appears to be race-neutral, “if it is applied and administered by public authority with an evil eye and an unequal hand,” then it violates the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crucially, the court emphasized that its protections “extend to all persons within the territorial jurisdiction of the United States, without regard to differences of race, of color, or of nationality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The keyword here is “persons,” not “citizens.” \u003cem>Yick Wo\u003c/em> marked the first time the Supreme Court extended constitutional protections under the 14th Amendment — including due process rights — to noncitizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wang said \u003cem>Yick Wo \u003c/em>“reverberates in almost every civil rights case that’s been brought under the Equal Protection Clause.” It laid the foundation for challenges involving interracial marriage, school desegregation, housing discrimination, voting rights, gender and disability discrimination and same-sex marriage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critically, \u003cem>Yick Wo\u003c/em> provided a legal foundation to challenge discriminatory enforcement of laws — a central feature of Jim Crow. During the civil rights era, attorneys revived their principles in landmark cases, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/brown-v-board-of-education\">\u003cem>Brown v. Board of Education\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \u003cem>Yick Wo \u003c/em>didn’t end anti-Chinese sentiment, it established a constitutional principle that still underpins civil rights protections for both citizens and immigrants today.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why due process is critical now\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In early July, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GQ_YGzfaQLM&t=1s\">viral video\u003c/a> showed ICE agents clashing with protesters during an arrest in San Francisco. One protester jumped onto an ICE van’s hood before falling as it drove off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other similarly viral videos show community members confronting ICE agents, demanding to see arrest warrants and reminding immigrants of their due process rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For longtime immigrant advocates like Lisa Knox, legal director of the California Collaborative for Immigrant Justice, ICE’s actions aren’t surprising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050751\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050751\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-09-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-09-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-09-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-09-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A statue of Hall McAllister stands near San Francisco City Hall on July 29, 2025. As a federal judge, McAllister ruled in favor of Yick Wo in the landmark civil rights case that affirmed equal protection under the 14th Amendment for Chinese immigrants. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“ICE has always been a rogue agency,” she said. “Yes, we are seeing some new tactics … but I would emphasize that this isn’t a complete departure for this agency. [ICE] has a long history of these abusive tactics, of doing things that violate the law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Formed after Trump’s first election in 2016, CCIJ offers legal help to detained immigrants in Northern and Central California and plays a central coordinating role in the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12049326/as-ice-operations-expand-how-are-immigrant-allies-responding\">rapid response organizing\u003c/a>, including activating attorneys and mobilizing volunteers during ICE activity. They also raise awareness of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043004/in-recorded-calls-reports-of-overcrowding-and-lack-of-food-at-ice-detention-centers\">inhumane living conditions\u003c/a> inside detention centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Knox said the Bay Area is well organized when it comes to defending immigrant rights. She believes that may have helped prevent mass raids and more severe rights violations in the region, compared to other parts of the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what is striking to Knox is the mainstream attention around the constitutional rights of immigrants.[aside postID=news_12025613 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/20250130-JSeiHome-JY-1927-1020x680.jpg']“There has never been a conversation about due process in my lifetime [like this],” said Knox, who also teaches an immigration and citizenship class at UC Berkeley. “Law is influenced by politics. The fact that people are taking an interest in these decisions and wanting to defend these fundamental rights is really important and really key.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys like Jordan Wells, a senior staff attorney with the Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights, have defended immigrants in court, including a legal permanent resident targeted for participating in a pro-Palestine rally at Columbia University. Another lawsuit challenges ICE courthouse arrests as violations of the Due Process Clause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Wells, due process has always provided a counterbalance to any presidential administration’s attempts to test the limits of constitutional protections. He said it is especially critical now as the Trump administration has tried to block immigrants from legal counsel and coerce deportation agreements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are seeing all manner of attempts to prevent people from communicating with counsel about their immigration status,” Wells said. “They have tried to get people to concede to their removability from the country, no matter how long they’ve been here, and just get them shipped out as quickly as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050754\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050754\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-06-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-06-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-06-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-06-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Spofford Street in San Francisco’s Chinatown neighborhood on July 31, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For Knox, public education is critical, as demonstrated by local grassroots efforts to form rapid response networks during Trump’s first term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That first 24-hour period is really crucial for the person to be informed of their rights and options, and to exercise them so that they’re not just deported without the chance to access the process that is their right,” Knox said. “As lawyers, a lot of the time we show up after somebody has already been placed in detention … but if people can be educated and know their rights and assert them before that happens, often they can prevent their detention or they can have more options.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She emphasizes that drawing connections between communities is also a powerful way to build collective strength.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we allow the government to take away immigrants’ rights to due process, then we’re all at risk,” Knox said. “We are building and exercising our power, so that’s our focus. We say over and over: power, not panic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Knox said \u003cem>Yick Wo\u003c/em> is more than a legal decision — it’s a historical reminder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been here before, and some of these questions have come up,” she said. “Who gets to enjoy the rights of citizenship? What rights should be afforded to anyone, regardless of legal status, because they’re part of this community?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wang is grateful that early Chinese immigrants asked these questions, forcing the U.S. to follow its own constitutional laws: “The fundamental promise of the 14th Amendment was only as good as the writing until people like [Lee Yick and Wo Lee] took their fights and fleshed out those words on paper… and made it a lived reality for people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050749\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050749\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-03-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-03-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-03-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Lei walks along Spofford Street in San Francisco’s Chinatown on July 29, 2025, the historical site of the Chinese Laundry Association, once located at 33 Spofford St. A longtime resident and community historian, Lei has worked to preserve Chinatown’s cultural and educational legacy. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wang said it took the mobilization of an entire community to defend the Chinese laundries — with people contributing in both small and large ways — and said a similar collective effort is needed today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have family members in my Chinese American family who probably agree more with President Trump than they agree with me on issues of immigration,” she said. “What I try to do with my community … is not only point out the history, but to really draw some intersectional lines so that [they] can understand how we must all stand or fall together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back at the parking lot on Third and Harrison, Lei reflects on the mountain of overlooked legal battles waged by early Chinese immigrants — cases that shaped modern protections such as Miranda rights, public education access and political asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 75, he said, “The clock is ticking,” estimating he has about five more years left in him to keep telling these stories. He shook his head, thinking about how much more there is to share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then he chuckled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re branded as very quiet, that we don’t cause trouble — model citizens, model minority, all these things,” he said. “But the Chinese were very hard to manage … We have to organize. That’s what our ancestors did, and they were successful, so this is what we need to do now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The evening commute rush hour was starting to take shape on a recent late afternoon in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-francisco\">San Francisco\u003c/a>’s SOMA district, at the corner of Third and Harrison streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Downtown office workers, wearing backpacks and headphones, wordlessly passed one another on their way to nearby train stations. Muni buses groaned and sighed as they pulled up to a bus stop near an unremarkable half-acre concrete parking lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you believe in civil rights, if you believe all Americans should have civil rights, it started right here,” said David Lei, pointing to the nearly full concrete parking lot that would soon begin emptying. He added: “And this was [the location of] the case that says noncitizens have rights as well … but we forgot. Most people have forgotten.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The de facto local expert on Chinese American history believes a plaque should be installed here to commemorate Yick Wo, a Chinese-owned laundry business that operated at 349 Third St. from 1864 to 1886.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It became the focal point of a consequential U.S. Supreme Court case, \u003ca href=\"https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/118/356/\">\u003cem>Yick Wo v. Hopkins\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, when the laundry’s owner, a Chinese immigrant named Lee Yick, and another laundry owner, Wo Lee, resisted an unfair San Francisco laundry business permit ordinance — one emblematic of the targeted anti-Chinese hostility pervasive in the city at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yick was an individual, a nobody, but the community supported him and organized,” Lei said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050750\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050750\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-05-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Lei stands near Third and Harrison streets in San Francisco on July 29, 2025, the former site of Yick Wo Laundry, which operated at 349 Third St. and was central to the landmark 1886 Supreme Court case on equal protection. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When most people consider the contributions of America’s earliest Chinese immigrants, they often think of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/201509070900/stanford-project-unearths-personal-histories-of-chinese-railroad-workers\">the Transcontinental Railroad\u003c/a>. Lei, who is not related to the author, believes that’s a profound minimization of their influence — even among Chinese Americans themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, Chinese immigrants filed more than 10,000 lawsuits at the local, state and federal levels to challenge discriminatory laws and systemic \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10413670/draft-boomtown-history-2a\">racism\u003c/a>. Dozens of those cases reached the U.S. Supreme Court, including one brought by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015449/a-129-year-old-san-francisco-lawsuit-could-stop-trump-from-ending-birthright-citizenship\">Wong Kim Ark\u003c/a>, a case recently spotlighted as the Trump administration continues an attempt to dismantle birthright citizenship, despite \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12046217/what-the-supreme-courts-latest-ruling-means-for-birthright-citizenship\">multiple court rulings\u003c/a> to block the executive order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through the legal maneuvering of early Chinese community leaders, \u003cem>Yick Wo \u003c/em>established that \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-14/\">the 14th Amendment\u003c/a>’s equal protection and due process clauses apply to “all persons” — including noncitizens in the U.S. These same rights are being tested today as the Trump administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12044748/mass-deportations-would-take-a-major-toll-on-california-economy-report-finds\">immigration crackdown intensifies\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Yick Wo\u003c/em> is just one way early Chinese immigrants helped shape constitutional principles that remain foundational to American democracy. Community leaders and immigrant advocates like Lei say the case is more relevant today than ever, serving as a powerful rebuttal to anti-immigrant rhetoric and a reminder that constitutional protections have long applied to noncitizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Echoes of the past in today’s immigration fight\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Though \u003cem>Yick Wo v. Hopkins \u003c/em>is a staple of constitutional law courses, it remains largely unknown outside the legal community. In 1984, an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12008873/san-francisco-school-closures-will-hurt-chinese-immigrant-communities-city-leaders-say\">elementary school\u003c/a> in San Francisco was named after the case, but its website offers only a cursory summary of its historical significance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal experts herald Yick’s victory as extraordinary, given the anti-immigrant environment Chinese immigrants endured in the 19th century — attitudes that echo today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since returning to the White House, Trump has made good on his promise of a massive deportation campaign by aggressively targeting, detaining and deporting immigrants nationwide. High-profile Immigration and Customs Enforcement activity \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12042836/community-outrage-continues-over-ice-raid-at-san-diego-restaurant\">in Southern California \u003c/a>captured national attention in June, as videos of militarized arrests circulated on social media and fueled \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043653/hundreds-rally-in-oakland-to-protest-ice-raids-support-immigrant-communities\">protests locally\u003c/a> and across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050752\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050752\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-02-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The exhibit Challenging a White-Washed History at the Chinese Historical Society of America Museum in San Francisco on July 31, 2025. The exhibition explores the history of Chinese laundries and their role in resisting discrimination and shaping immigrant labor in the U.S. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The administration continues to portray undocumented immigrants as criminal invaders and threats to national security. Officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2025/06/30/dhs-debunks-fake-news-media-narratives-june\">claim\u003c/a> they target “the worst of the worst, including gang members, murderers, and rapists,” but most people detained by ICE have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038087/california-sent-investigators-ice-facilities-found-more-detainees-health-care-gaps\">no criminal convictions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, in the Bay Area, ICE arrests have occurred \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12028303/ice-arrest-left-bay-area-man-hospitalized-struggling-breathe-attorney-says\">outside of homes\u003c/a> and courthouses \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12044592/bay-area-lawmaker-demands-answers-after-ice-arrests-at-immigration-courts\">in Concord\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043596/protesters-swarm-sf-immigration-court-after-more-ice-arrests\">San Francisco\u003c/a>, where plainclothes agents detained asylum seekers attending routine court hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cecillia Wang, national legal director of the American Civil Liberties Union, began her role just before Trump’s second term. She oversees a department of about 200 attorneys and paralegals and calls this “the most consequential time in U.S. history.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late July, Republicans approved a spending bill that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101910650/ices-budget-just-tripled-whats-next\">tripled ICE’s budget\u003c/a>. The removal of immigrants from the country has accelerated through a variety of tactics: The Trump administration has broadened expedited removal, selectively enforced policies in sanctuary jurisdictions, targeted certain migrant groups and fast-tracked deportations — often without full hearings.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But because of \u003cem>Yick Wo\u003c/em>, constitutional protections should apply to everyone on U.S. soil, regardless of citizenship status. That’s why immigration attorneys and advocates are especially vigilant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a responsibility that I think is particularly heavy at this moment in time, with a president and administration that has so little respect for civil rights and civil liberties…and so little respect for all the fundamental pillars of U.S. democracy,” Wang said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A San Francisco resident, Wang has worked for the ACLU in various roles for over two decades. The organization has filed more than 60 lawsuits challenging Trump’s second-term policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wang, who first studied \u003cem>Yick Wo\u003c/em> as an undergraduate at UC Berkeley, feels personally connected to the case as an Asian American. She has cited it throughout her career as a civil rights lawyer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the lessons of \u003cem>Yick Wo \u003c/em>that I think is really resonant for me right now is that someone who seemed politically powerless, under-resourced and invisible by all accounts was able to bring his claim up through the federal court system to the Supreme Court of the United States,” Wang said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Redefining constitutional rights in the U.S.\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When one considers the odds stacked against Chinese laundry owners as Yick brought his claim forward, the case becomes especially remarkable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though initially welcomed during the Gold Rush, Chinese immigrants eventually became targets as their population and industrial workforce roles expanded. They took jobs as miners and railroad laborers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were also entrepreneurial. Early Chinese immigrants filled a specific need that no one else seemed eager to do: laundry service. Chinese immigrants eventually dominated the industry, which would continue for the rest of the 19th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051938\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051938\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250812-YICK-WO-ARCHIVAL-03_KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1545\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250812-YICK-WO-ARCHIVAL-03_KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250812-YICK-WO-ARCHIVAL-03_KQED-160x124.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250812-YICK-WO-ARCHIVAL-03_KQED-1536x1187.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A Chinese laundry at 924 Howard St. in San Francisco \u003c/span>is shown in a historical photograph dated Jan. 22, 1886. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the National Archives at San Francisco)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By 1860, about one in 10 California residents was Chinese. Their prominence alarmed white leaders, including then-California governor Henry Huntly Haight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“An additional influx of Chinese to compete with white laboring men in all industrial departments ought to be discouraged by all lawful means. For the sake of some supposed advantage of cheap labor, such influx would inflict a curse upon posterity for all time,” he said during his \u003ca href=\"https://governors.library.ca.gov/addresses/10-haight.html\">1867 inaugural address\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Widespread violence soon followed. By the 1870s, anti-Chinese sentiment escalated across the West Coast, with Chinese immigrants subjected to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101886267/california-cities-apologize-for-historical-wrongs-against-chinese-community\">mob-led destruction\u003c/a>, including mass lynchings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003cem>In Search of Equality: The Chinese Struggle Against Discrimination in Nineteenth-Century America\u003c/em>, a seminal book on Chinese American history by former UC Berkeley professor Charles McClain, there were about 2,600 Chinese laundrymen in California by 1870 — half of them in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Chinese laundry owners faced a flurry of discriminatory city ordinances. One imposed high license fees on those without horse-drawn carriages. Another required written approval from 12 citizens and taxpayers on the block where the business was located.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1880, the city passed a notorious law requiring permits for laundries not made of brick or stone. At the time, nearly all of San Francisco’s laundries, especially those owned by Chinese immigrants, were wooden structures. Of about 200 applicants, all were denied permits, while their white counterparts were not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1885, Yick Wo’s owner refused to stop operating and was arrested by Sheriff Peter Hopkins. Rather than serve the sentence, Lee and other laundrymen fought back with support from the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association, also known as the Chinese Six Companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Six Companies — a powerful coalition of family and district associations that functioned as both mutual aid organizations and political advocates for the Chinese immigrant community — \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015449/a-129-year-old-san-francisco-lawsuit-could-stop-trump-from-ending-birthright-citizenship\">coordinated legal strategies\u003c/a>, raised sizable funds by taxing Chinese immigrants and, importantly, helped them navigate a hostile legal system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was the GoFundMe of Chinatown from 1850,” Lei told KQED from inside CCBA’s ornately designed Stockton Street headquarters, where family association leaders and San Francisco politicians still meet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Together with Tung Hing Tong, a 19th-century Chinese laundry association, substantial resources were pooled to fight San Francisco’s unfair permitting ordinance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050748\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050748\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-01-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Lei stands on Spofford Street in San Francisco’s Chinatown on July 29, 2025, the historical site of the Chinese Laundry Association, once located at 33 Spofford St. A longtime resident and community historian, Lei has worked to preserve Chinatown’s cultural and educational legacy. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They taxed themselves, raised $20,000 — equivalent to more than half a million dollars today — and hired the best lawyer money could buy to win this case,” Lei said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That lawyer was Hall McAllister, a federal judge and founder of the California Bar Association, who became one of the key members of the Six Companies’ legal team as they filed lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked why these powerful white lawyers would go against the popular grain to argue on behalf of Chinese immigrants, Lei said Chinese immigrants often paid up to about double of what other clients would pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The strategy worked.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In 1886, the U.S. Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/118/356/\">ruled unanimously for Yick\u003c/a>, declaring that even if a law appears to be race-neutral, “if it is applied and administered by public authority with an evil eye and an unequal hand,” then it violates the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crucially, the court emphasized that its protections “extend to all persons within the territorial jurisdiction of the United States, without regard to differences of race, of color, or of nationality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The keyword here is “persons,” not “citizens.” \u003cem>Yick Wo\u003c/em> marked the first time the Supreme Court extended constitutional protections under the 14th Amendment — including due process rights — to noncitizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wang said \u003cem>Yick Wo \u003c/em>“reverberates in almost every civil rights case that’s been brought under the Equal Protection Clause.” It laid the foundation for challenges involving interracial marriage, school desegregation, housing discrimination, voting rights, gender and disability discrimination and same-sex marriage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critically, \u003cem>Yick Wo\u003c/em> provided a legal foundation to challenge discriminatory enforcement of laws — a central feature of Jim Crow. During the civil rights era, attorneys revived their principles in landmark cases, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/brown-v-board-of-education\">\u003cem>Brown v. Board of Education\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \u003cem>Yick Wo \u003c/em>didn’t end anti-Chinese sentiment, it established a constitutional principle that still underpins civil rights protections for both citizens and immigrants today.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why due process is critical now\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In early July, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GQ_YGzfaQLM&t=1s\">viral video\u003c/a> showed ICE agents clashing with protesters during an arrest in San Francisco. One protester jumped onto an ICE van’s hood before falling as it drove off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other similarly viral videos show community members confronting ICE agents, demanding to see arrest warrants and reminding immigrants of their due process rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For longtime immigrant advocates like Lisa Knox, legal director of the California Collaborative for Immigrant Justice, ICE’s actions aren’t surprising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050751\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050751\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-09-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-09-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-09-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-09-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A statue of Hall McAllister stands near San Francisco City Hall on July 29, 2025. As a federal judge, McAllister ruled in favor of Yick Wo in the landmark civil rights case that affirmed equal protection under the 14th Amendment for Chinese immigrants. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“ICE has always been a rogue agency,” she said. “Yes, we are seeing some new tactics … but I would emphasize that this isn’t a complete departure for this agency. [ICE] has a long history of these abusive tactics, of doing things that violate the law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Formed after Trump’s first election in 2016, CCIJ offers legal help to detained immigrants in Northern and Central California and plays a central coordinating role in the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12049326/as-ice-operations-expand-how-are-immigrant-allies-responding\">rapid response organizing\u003c/a>, including activating attorneys and mobilizing volunteers during ICE activity. They also raise awareness of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043004/in-recorded-calls-reports-of-overcrowding-and-lack-of-food-at-ice-detention-centers\">inhumane living conditions\u003c/a> inside detention centers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Knox said the Bay Area is well organized when it comes to defending immigrant rights. She believes that may have helped prevent mass raids and more severe rights violations in the region, compared to other parts of the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what is striking to Knox is the mainstream attention around the constitutional rights of immigrants.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“There has never been a conversation about due process in my lifetime [like this],” said Knox, who also teaches an immigration and citizenship class at UC Berkeley. “Law is influenced by politics. The fact that people are taking an interest in these decisions and wanting to defend these fundamental rights is really important and really key.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys like Jordan Wells, a senior staff attorney with the Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights, have defended immigrants in court, including a legal permanent resident targeted for participating in a pro-Palestine rally at Columbia University. Another lawsuit challenges ICE courthouse arrests as violations of the Due Process Clause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Wells, due process has always provided a counterbalance to any presidential administration’s attempts to test the limits of constitutional protections. He said it is especially critical now as the Trump administration has tried to block immigrants from legal counsel and coerce deportation agreements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are seeing all manner of attempts to prevent people from communicating with counsel about their immigration status,” Wells said. “They have tried to get people to concede to their removability from the country, no matter how long they’ve been here, and just get them shipped out as quickly as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050754\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050754\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-06-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-06-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-06-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250731-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-06-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Spofford Street in San Francisco’s Chinatown neighborhood on July 31, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For Knox, public education is critical, as demonstrated by local grassroots efforts to form rapid response networks during Trump’s first term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That first 24-hour period is really crucial for the person to be informed of their rights and options, and to exercise them so that they’re not just deported without the chance to access the process that is their right,” Knox said. “As lawyers, a lot of the time we show up after somebody has already been placed in detention … but if people can be educated and know their rights and assert them before that happens, often they can prevent their detention or they can have more options.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She emphasizes that drawing connections between communities is also a powerful way to build collective strength.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we allow the government to take away immigrants’ rights to due process, then we’re all at risk,” Knox said. “We are building and exercising our power, so that’s our focus. We say over and over: power, not panic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Knox said \u003cem>Yick Wo\u003c/em> is more than a legal decision — it’s a historical reminder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been here before, and some of these questions have come up,” she said. “Who gets to enjoy the rights of citizenship? What rights should be afforded to anyone, regardless of legal status, because they’re part of this community?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wang is grateful that early Chinese immigrants asked these questions, forcing the U.S. to follow its own constitutional laws: “The fundamental promise of the 14th Amendment was only as good as the writing until people like [Lee Yick and Wo Lee] took their fights and fleshed out those words on paper… and made it a lived reality for people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050749\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050749\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-03-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-03-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-YICKWOCIVILRIGHTS-03-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Lei walks along Spofford Street in San Francisco’s Chinatown on July 29, 2025, the historical site of the Chinese Laundry Association, once located at 33 Spofford St. A longtime resident and community historian, Lei has worked to preserve Chinatown’s cultural and educational legacy. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wang said it took the mobilization of an entire community to defend the Chinese laundries — with people contributing in both small and large ways — and said a similar collective effort is needed today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have family members in my Chinese American family who probably agree more with President Trump than they agree with me on issues of immigration,” she said. “What I try to do with my community … is not only point out the history, but to really draw some intersectional lines so that [they] can understand how we must all stand or fall together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back at the parking lot on Third and Harrison, Lei reflects on the mountain of overlooked legal battles waged by early Chinese immigrants — cases that shaped modern protections such as Miranda rights, public education access and political asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 75, he said, “The clock is ticking,” estimating he has about five more years left in him to keep telling these stories. He shook his head, thinking about how much more there is to share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then he chuckled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re branded as very quiet, that we don’t cause trouble — model citizens, model minority, all these things,” he said. “But the Chinese were very hard to manage … We have to organize. That’s what our ancestors did, and they were successful, so this is what we need to do now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "ICE Activity in California Hospitals Leaves Health Care Workers on Edge",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003c!-- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ -->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal immigration agents are more routinely showing up at California medical facilities as the Trump administration ramps up deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They may come to the emergency room, bringing in someone who’s suffering a medical crisis while being detained. They may wait in the lobby, as agents did for two weeks\u003ca href=\"https://lapublicpress.org/2025/07/ice-agents-glendale-hospital-waiting-to-arrest-a-patient/\"> at an L.A.-area hospital \u003c/a>waiting for a woman to be discharged. Or they may even chase people inside, as federal agents did at a Southern California surgical center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sight of these agents — often armed and with covered faces — makes many wary and may keep people from seeking care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Existing hospital policies guide operations when law enforcement brings in a person under arrest, hospital officials say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is nothing new to hospitals,” said Lois Richardson, vice president and counsel at the California Hospital Association. “We get inmates, detainees, arrestees all the time, whether it’s police, sheriff, highway patrol, ICE, whatever it is.” The job for hospital workers remains to provide care, she added, and not to get involved in disputes over why a person is in custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12031986\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12031986\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/082420_healthcareworkers_AW_sized_04-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/082420_healthcareworkers_AW_sized_04-copy.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/082420_healthcareworkers_AW_sized_04-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/082420_healthcareworkers_AW_sized_04-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/082420_healthcareworkers_AW_sized_04-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/082420_healthcareworkers_AW_sized_04-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/082420_healthcareworkers_AW_sized_04-copy-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A hospital employee enters Alta Bates Summit Medical Center in Oakland on Aug. 24, 2020. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff for CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Yet immigration attorneys, advocates and health workers have expressed concerns over the handling of some of these cases, both by immigration officers and by some administrators at medical facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, they’re worried about the application of protocols like visitation rules, about threats to patients’ legal and privacy rights, and about risks to hospital workers themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a level of privacy that we owe to patients and their families, and that has just been completely demolished with all of the involvement of ICE coming into hospitals,” said Kate Mobeen, an ICU nurse at John Muir Medical Center in Concord. “It creates just a huge sense of fear, not only in our patient population, but in our employee population and our nurses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Patients’ rights, policies face new tests\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Sometimes, when ICE has shown up at medical facilities with a detained patient, the result has been conflicting messaging about the rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On July 29, ICE agents took a man to John Muir Medical Center in Concord because he suffered an unspecified medical emergency while being detained outside the Concord immigration court, according to Ali Saidi, an attorney and the director of Stand Together Contra Costa, a local rapid response and legal services organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12043496\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12043496\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-12-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-12-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-12-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-12-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protestors rally in the Mission District in San Francisco in opposition to the Trump Administration’s immigration policy and enforcement on June 9, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Saidi arrived at the hospital as part of the response network, he said hospital staff told him that he was not allowed to see the detained patient, but that the man’s family would be allowed. Then, when the man’s wife arrived, “The rules had somehow changed, and they said no family visit,” Saidi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement shared by the Contra Costa Immigrants Rights Alliance, the detained man’s wife, who asked to be identified only by her middle name, Maria, said that when she later talked to her husband, he told her that he was so terrified that he passed out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My family and I went to the emergency room and we asked to see him and talk to him to make sure he was OK,” Maria said in the statement. “The hospital staff would not let us see him, and they would not give us any information about what was happening to him. They wouldn’t even answer my questions.”[aside postID=news_12053380 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/75ACE4D9-068E-4167-9BD3-CFF3A0BE597B-2000x1335.jpg']John Muir officials would not comment on the incident, citing privacy laws. But in an email, Ben Drew, a spokesperson for the hospital, said general policy is that “If a law enforcement agency indicates that visitation presents a safety or security concern, [the hospital] may limit or deny visitation to protect our patients, staff, and visitors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saidi said that when the wife insisted on getting information about the man’s condition, hospital security called the police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We understand that emotions are high whenever a family member or friend is in the emergency department or hospital,” said Drew. “The hospital only involves local police in circumstances when a patient or visitor’s behavior becomes abusive, disruptive, or threatening, and cannot be resolved through our own security team.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saidi denied that the family was being disruptive, saying that conversations with hospital staff and administration were respectful and no voices were raised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The atmosphere in that emergency bay was something like I’ve never seen before in my career,” Saidi said. “There was a chilling effect. Everyone was averting their eyes. You could tell the staff felt bad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Multiple emergency department nurses told Mobeen, a local California Nurses Association leader at John Muir, that ICE officers were “very aggressive with staff” and staff were afterwards “emotionally and physically upset” by what happened, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s horrifying to not be able to tell patients’ family members how they are, what their status is,” Mobeen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the issue, Mobeen added, is training. Staff were not given adequate training on how to respond to any kind of immigration enforcement action that may occur at the hospital, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drew, the spokesman for John Muir, countered that the hospital has given guidance on its longstanding law enforcement policy and answered multiple questions since January about what to do if ICE agents show up at their facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Limits for ICE access, sometimes murky\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Last month, immigration agents occupied the lobby of Dignity Health’s Glendale Memorial Hospital, even standing behind reception desks, \u003ca href=\"https://lapublicpress.org/2025/07/ice-agents-glendale-hospital-waiting-to-arrest-a-patient/\">as photos that circulated online showed.\u003c/a> Protestors gathered outside the hospital, hosting rallies and press conferences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were all there because agents had previously brought in \u003ca href=\"https://abc7.com/post/immigrant-rights-activists-rally-presence-ice-contractors-glendale-hospital/17038487/\">Milagro Solis-Portillo\u003c/a>, an immigrant from El Salvador, for medical care following her detention. They spent 15 days in the hospital waiting for Solis-Portillo’s discharge before transferring her to another hospital and then taking her into custody, \u003ca href=\"https://lapublicpress.org/2025/07/woman-ice-stalked-at-two-socal-hospitals-is-now-in-federal-custody/\">according to local news reports\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12053903\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12053903\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/HealthCareICECalMatters2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/HealthCareICECalMatters2.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/HealthCareICECalMatters2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/HealthCareICECalMatters2-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People stand on the stairs at an entrance of Dignity Health-Glendale Memorial Hospital in Glendale, on July 17, 2025. Activists have condemned the ongoing presence of ICE agents or contractors in the hospital lobby where a woman was recovering from a medical emergency while detained. \u003ccite>(Robyn Beck/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.dignityhealth.org/socal/locations/glendalememorial/about-us/press-center/statement-from-glendale-memorial-hospital-regarding-ice-july-7-2025\">statement\u003c/a>, officials from Dignity Memorial Hospital said they could not legally prohibit law enforcement from being in public areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s true, say legal experts: Waiting rooms and lobbies are considered public spaces in hospitals. But agents cannot move through hospitals without limits. Law enforcement officials are not allowed to search for people in exam rooms or other private spaces without a federal court warrant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When agents bring in someone who is in their custody and needs medical care, the application of the law can be more murky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Richardson at the hospital association, how far an agent can go into treatment areas with a detained patient may be decided on a case-by-case basis. In cases where a detained patient is struggling or resisting, that patient may need guarding, she explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if law enforcement officers do go inside exam rooms, they may hear medical information while on guard. But that isn’t necessarily a privacy violation, according to federal rules. The HIPAA Privacy Rule, the law that sets privacy standards for medical information, \u003ca href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/privacy/guidance/incidental-uses-and-disclosures/index.html\">has a provision\u003c/a> that allows for “incidental disclosures” of information as long as “reasonable safeguards” are applied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hospital will, and the doctor will make reasonable attempts to protect the patient’s privacy.” “What is reasonable is going to depend, again, on what’s wrong with the patient, how the patient is behaving, the nature of the circumstances,” Richardson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HIPAA protects the disclosure of medical records, which include names, addresses and social security numbers along with health conditions. State law also requires health facilities to protect this information. According to \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/immigration/healthcare-guidance.pdf\">guidance from the attorney general’s office\u003c/a>, health facilities should consider a patient’s immigration status confidential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, some disclosures are required if law enforcement can prove lawful custody or show an appropriate warrant. A federal court warrant signed by a judge grants law enforcement immediate access to information or to search a particular area, while an ICE administrative warrant does not require immediate compliance.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Health workers in ‘precarious’ \u003cstrong>situations \u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Health facilities generally direct frontline workers not to engage with immigration agents, but rather to immediately contact security or management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One particular incident at a Southern California surgery center stands out, in conversation with health workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On July 8, federal agents targeted three landscapers who had parked outside of the Ontario Advanced Surgical Center. They chased one of the men inside on foot, according to a felony criminal complaint filed against two health care workers in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In videos of the incident posted online, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9PW6Bysinn0\">masked agent wearing a vest labeled “POLICE ICE” \u003c/a>on the back holds a weeping man by the shoulder inside the center while several workers in scrubs stand by. At multiple points in the video workers ask the officer for identification; one worker says, “this is a private business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two workers, Danielle Davila and Jose Ortega, tell the officer to leave. Davila moves between the officer and the man, saying “Get your hands off of him. You don’t even have a warrant.”[aside postID=news_12052815 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/gettyimages-91547950_slide-4d6100270cc91128d1beb27eca778a6dcd952acd-1020x680.jpg']Ortega puts an arm between Davila and the officer and says “You have no proper identification.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The officer says to both workers “You touched a federal agent.” Then Davila responds, “I’m not touching you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Davila and Ortega were later charged with two felony counts of assaulting a federal officer and conspiring to prevent a federal officer from performing their duties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week the felony charges were dismissed and both Davila and Ortega pleaded not guilty to a subsequent misdemeanor assault charge. A spokesperson for the U.S. attorney’s office declined to comment on the charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Davila’s defense attorney Oliver Cleary said his client believed she was doing the right thing by asking for credentials and a warrant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can’t just come in where people are getting medical care and whisk them away,” Cleary said. “She didn’t know who these people were. They didn’t tell her who they were, and as far as she knew this was a patient of the clinic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Juárez, Ortega’s defense attorney, said arresting and charging health workers with crimes for asking to see a warrant and identification puts them in a “precarious” and “dangerous situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They did what they needed to do and what they had a right to do,” Juárez said. “What I hope is it doesn’t have a chilling effect on other health care workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Workers say additional training can help\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Around the state, health workers say they’d like to see management provide additional guidance on how to respond to such scenarios if they were to play out in their workplace. Some workers are providing training themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adriana Rugeles-Ortiz, a licensed vocational nurse at Kaiser Permanente Modesto Medical Center, has been leading “Know Your Rights” sessions at her hospital and in her community as part of her union, SEIU-United Healthcare Workers West. She said some of her coworkers have expressed anxiety over some of the situations they’ve seen play out in other hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of my involvement with all the training that we have done to the workers and to the community, personally, I do feel prepared. I am not that confident that we have been able to reach the entire workforce within Kaiser to get them to the level of confidence to deal with it,” Rugeles-Ortiz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Douglas Yoshida, an emergency room physician at Stanford Health Tri-Valley in Alameda County, said additional guidance and training for workers at medical facilities could be of great value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think as health care providers, we need to deliver good health care to these patients, just like any other patient, and we need to protect their rights,” Yoshida said. “I mean, personally, if someone comes in in ICE custody, within the limits of the law, I want to do everything I can to help [patients.]”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hospital in Pleasanton that Yoshida works in is located near the county’s Santa Rita Jail; staff, he said, have been used to a law enforcement presence. But the recent incident at John Muir Medical Center, about 30 miles north, as well as the criminal charges filed against the southern California surgery center workers have set people on edge, Yoshida said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Normally, health care workers have no reason to fear law enforcement,” he added, “but we’re in uncharted territory.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Supported by the California Health Care Foundation (CHCF), which works to ensure that people have access to the care they need, when they need it, at a price they can afford. Visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.chcf.org/\">www.chcf.org\u003c/a> to learn more.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2025/08/immigration-hospitals-workers-fear/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!-- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ -->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal immigration agents are more routinely showing up at California medical facilities as the Trump administration ramps up deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They may come to the emergency room, bringing in someone who’s suffering a medical crisis while being detained. They may wait in the lobby, as agents did for two weeks\u003ca href=\"https://lapublicpress.org/2025/07/ice-agents-glendale-hospital-waiting-to-arrest-a-patient/\"> at an L.A.-area hospital \u003c/a>waiting for a woman to be discharged. Or they may even chase people inside, as federal agents did at a Southern California surgical center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sight of these agents — often armed and with covered faces — makes many wary and may keep people from seeking care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Existing hospital policies guide operations when law enforcement brings in a person under arrest, hospital officials say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is nothing new to hospitals,” said Lois Richardson, vice president and counsel at the California Hospital Association. “We get inmates, detainees, arrestees all the time, whether it’s police, sheriff, highway patrol, ICE, whatever it is.” The job for hospital workers remains to provide care, she added, and not to get involved in disputes over why a person is in custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12031986\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12031986\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/082420_healthcareworkers_AW_sized_04-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/082420_healthcareworkers_AW_sized_04-copy.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/082420_healthcareworkers_AW_sized_04-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/082420_healthcareworkers_AW_sized_04-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/082420_healthcareworkers_AW_sized_04-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/082420_healthcareworkers_AW_sized_04-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/082420_healthcareworkers_AW_sized_04-copy-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A hospital employee enters Alta Bates Summit Medical Center in Oakland on Aug. 24, 2020. \u003ccite>(Anne Wernikoff for CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Yet immigration attorneys, advocates and health workers have expressed concerns over the handling of some of these cases, both by immigration officers and by some administrators at medical facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, they’re worried about the application of protocols like visitation rules, about threats to patients’ legal and privacy rights, and about risks to hospital workers themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a level of privacy that we owe to patients and their families, and that has just been completely demolished with all of the involvement of ICE coming into hospitals,” said Kate Mobeen, an ICU nurse at John Muir Medical Center in Concord. “It creates just a huge sense of fear, not only in our patient population, but in our employee population and our nurses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Patients’ rights, policies face new tests\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Sometimes, when ICE has shown up at medical facilities with a detained patient, the result has been conflicting messaging about the rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On July 29, ICE agents took a man to John Muir Medical Center in Concord because he suffered an unspecified medical emergency while being detained outside the Concord immigration court, according to Ali Saidi, an attorney and the director of Stand Together Contra Costa, a local rapid response and legal services organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12043496\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12043496\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-12-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-12-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-12-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-12-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protestors rally in the Mission District in San Francisco in opposition to the Trump Administration’s immigration policy and enforcement on June 9, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Saidi arrived at the hospital as part of the response network, he said hospital staff told him that he was not allowed to see the detained patient, but that the man’s family would be allowed. Then, when the man’s wife arrived, “The rules had somehow changed, and they said no family visit,” Saidi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement shared by the Contra Costa Immigrants Rights Alliance, the detained man’s wife, who asked to be identified only by her middle name, Maria, said that when she later talked to her husband, he told her that he was so terrified that he passed out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My family and I went to the emergency room and we asked to see him and talk to him to make sure he was OK,” Maria said in the statement. “The hospital staff would not let us see him, and they would not give us any information about what was happening to him. They wouldn’t even answer my questions.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>John Muir officials would not comment on the incident, citing privacy laws. But in an email, Ben Drew, a spokesperson for the hospital, said general policy is that “If a law enforcement agency indicates that visitation presents a safety or security concern, [the hospital] may limit or deny visitation to protect our patients, staff, and visitors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saidi said that when the wife insisted on getting information about the man’s condition, hospital security called the police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We understand that emotions are high whenever a family member or friend is in the emergency department or hospital,” said Drew. “The hospital only involves local police in circumstances when a patient or visitor’s behavior becomes abusive, disruptive, or threatening, and cannot be resolved through our own security team.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saidi denied that the family was being disruptive, saying that conversations with hospital staff and administration were respectful and no voices were raised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The atmosphere in that emergency bay was something like I’ve never seen before in my career,” Saidi said. “There was a chilling effect. Everyone was averting their eyes. You could tell the staff felt bad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Multiple emergency department nurses told Mobeen, a local California Nurses Association leader at John Muir, that ICE officers were “very aggressive with staff” and staff were afterwards “emotionally and physically upset” by what happened, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s horrifying to not be able to tell patients’ family members how they are, what their status is,” Mobeen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the issue, Mobeen added, is training. Staff were not given adequate training on how to respond to any kind of immigration enforcement action that may occur at the hospital, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drew, the spokesman for John Muir, countered that the hospital has given guidance on its longstanding law enforcement policy and answered multiple questions since January about what to do if ICE agents show up at their facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Limits for ICE access, sometimes murky\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Last month, immigration agents occupied the lobby of Dignity Health’s Glendale Memorial Hospital, even standing behind reception desks, \u003ca href=\"https://lapublicpress.org/2025/07/ice-agents-glendale-hospital-waiting-to-arrest-a-patient/\">as photos that circulated online showed.\u003c/a> Protestors gathered outside the hospital, hosting rallies and press conferences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were all there because agents had previously brought in \u003ca href=\"https://abc7.com/post/immigrant-rights-activists-rally-presence-ice-contractors-glendale-hospital/17038487/\">Milagro Solis-Portillo\u003c/a>, an immigrant from El Salvador, for medical care following her detention. They spent 15 days in the hospital waiting for Solis-Portillo’s discharge before transferring her to another hospital and then taking her into custody, \u003ca href=\"https://lapublicpress.org/2025/07/woman-ice-stalked-at-two-socal-hospitals-is-now-in-federal-custody/\">according to local news reports\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12053903\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12053903\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/HealthCareICECalMatters2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/HealthCareICECalMatters2.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/HealthCareICECalMatters2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/HealthCareICECalMatters2-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People stand on the stairs at an entrance of Dignity Health-Glendale Memorial Hospital in Glendale, on July 17, 2025. Activists have condemned the ongoing presence of ICE agents or contractors in the hospital lobby where a woman was recovering from a medical emergency while detained. \u003ccite>(Robyn Beck/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.dignityhealth.org/socal/locations/glendalememorial/about-us/press-center/statement-from-glendale-memorial-hospital-regarding-ice-july-7-2025\">statement\u003c/a>, officials from Dignity Memorial Hospital said they could not legally prohibit law enforcement from being in public areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s true, say legal experts: Waiting rooms and lobbies are considered public spaces in hospitals. But agents cannot move through hospitals without limits. Law enforcement officials are not allowed to search for people in exam rooms or other private spaces without a federal court warrant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When agents bring in someone who is in their custody and needs medical care, the application of the law can be more murky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Richardson at the hospital association, how far an agent can go into treatment areas with a detained patient may be decided on a case-by-case basis. In cases where a detained patient is struggling or resisting, that patient may need guarding, she explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if law enforcement officers do go inside exam rooms, they may hear medical information while on guard. But that isn’t necessarily a privacy violation, according to federal rules. The HIPAA Privacy Rule, the law that sets privacy standards for medical information, \u003ca href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/privacy/guidance/incidental-uses-and-disclosures/index.html\">has a provision\u003c/a> that allows for “incidental disclosures” of information as long as “reasonable safeguards” are applied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hospital will, and the doctor will make reasonable attempts to protect the patient’s privacy.” “What is reasonable is going to depend, again, on what’s wrong with the patient, how the patient is behaving, the nature of the circumstances,” Richardson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HIPAA protects the disclosure of medical records, which include names, addresses and social security numbers along with health conditions. State law also requires health facilities to protect this information. According to \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/immigration/healthcare-guidance.pdf\">guidance from the attorney general’s office\u003c/a>, health facilities should consider a patient’s immigration status confidential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, some disclosures are required if law enforcement can prove lawful custody or show an appropriate warrant. A federal court warrant signed by a judge grants law enforcement immediate access to information or to search a particular area, while an ICE administrative warrant does not require immediate compliance.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Health workers in ‘precarious’ \u003cstrong>situations \u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Health facilities generally direct frontline workers not to engage with immigration agents, but rather to immediately contact security or management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One particular incident at a Southern California surgery center stands out, in conversation with health workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On July 8, federal agents targeted three landscapers who had parked outside of the Ontario Advanced Surgical Center. They chased one of the men inside on foot, according to a felony criminal complaint filed against two health care workers in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In videos of the incident posted online, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9PW6Bysinn0\">masked agent wearing a vest labeled “POLICE ICE” \u003c/a>on the back holds a weeping man by the shoulder inside the center while several workers in scrubs stand by. At multiple points in the video workers ask the officer for identification; one worker says, “this is a private business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two workers, Danielle Davila and Jose Ortega, tell the officer to leave. Davila moves between the officer and the man, saying “Get your hands off of him. You don’t even have a warrant.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Ortega puts an arm between Davila and the officer and says “You have no proper identification.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The officer says to both workers “You touched a federal agent.” Then Davila responds, “I’m not touching you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Davila and Ortega were later charged with two felony counts of assaulting a federal officer and conspiring to prevent a federal officer from performing their duties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week the felony charges were dismissed and both Davila and Ortega pleaded not guilty to a subsequent misdemeanor assault charge. A spokesperson for the U.S. attorney’s office declined to comment on the charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Davila’s defense attorney Oliver Cleary said his client believed she was doing the right thing by asking for credentials and a warrant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can’t just come in where people are getting medical care and whisk them away,” Cleary said. “She didn’t know who these people were. They didn’t tell her who they were, and as far as she knew this was a patient of the clinic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Juárez, Ortega’s defense attorney, said arresting and charging health workers with crimes for asking to see a warrant and identification puts them in a “precarious” and “dangerous situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They did what they needed to do and what they had a right to do,” Juárez said. “What I hope is it doesn’t have a chilling effect on other health care workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Workers say additional training can help\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Around the state, health workers say they’d like to see management provide additional guidance on how to respond to such scenarios if they were to play out in their workplace. Some workers are providing training themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adriana Rugeles-Ortiz, a licensed vocational nurse at Kaiser Permanente Modesto Medical Center, has been leading “Know Your Rights” sessions at her hospital and in her community as part of her union, SEIU-United Healthcare Workers West. She said some of her coworkers have expressed anxiety over some of the situations they’ve seen play out in other hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of my involvement with all the training that we have done to the workers and to the community, personally, I do feel prepared. I am not that confident that we have been able to reach the entire workforce within Kaiser to get them to the level of confidence to deal with it,” Rugeles-Ortiz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Douglas Yoshida, an emergency room physician at Stanford Health Tri-Valley in Alameda County, said additional guidance and training for workers at medical facilities could be of great value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think as health care providers, we need to deliver good health care to these patients, just like any other patient, and we need to protect their rights,” Yoshida said. “I mean, personally, if someone comes in in ICE custody, within the limits of the law, I want to do everything I can to help [patients.]”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hospital in Pleasanton that Yoshida works in is located near the county’s Santa Rita Jail; staff, he said, have been used to a law enforcement presence. But the recent incident at John Muir Medical Center, about 30 miles north, as well as the criminal charges filed against the southern California surgery center workers have set people on edge, Yoshida said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Normally, health care workers have no reason to fear law enforcement,” he added, “but we’re in uncharted territory.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Supported by the California Health Care Foundation (CHCF), which works to ensure that people have access to the care they need, when they need it, at a price they can afford. Visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.chcf.org/\">www.chcf.org\u003c/a> to learn more.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2025/08/immigration-hospitals-workers-fear/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Weekdays at the Walgreens parking lot in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/fruitvale\">Fruitvale\u003c/a> have grown eerily quiet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a typical morning months ago, upwards of 60 men in work boots and dark hoodies would have been gathered around light poles and pop-up food stands in the large lot, chatting and drinking coffee out of paper cups. But on a recent gloomy Friday, only about a dozen day laborers milled about, hoping to find work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think people are starting to feel it. I’m scared,” a man in a black hooded sweatshirt, leaning against the Oakland drugstore building, said in Spanish. “It’s not like last year. Right now, I’m just scared. You can’t trust anyone anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and other workers who spoke with KQED anonymously, fearing identification by immigration officials, said the number of day laborers gathering there has dwindled in recent months as the immigration raids sweeping through Southern and Central California stoke a foreboding feeling that they’ll hit the Bay Area next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since President Donald Trump took office with a campaign pledge to carry out mass deportations of undocumented immigrants, Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s daily arrest targets have swelled as its operations pick up significantly across California. And there’s little sign of a slowdown — in July, Congress granted ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101910650/ices-budget-just-tripled-whats-next\">an additional $75 billion\u003c/a> over the next four years to hire more officers and expand detention capacity, making it the largest law enforcement agency in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12049999\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12049999\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-4-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-4-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-4-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-4-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A day laborer waits for work at a Walgreens in Oakland on July 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Raids have shaken gas stations, farms and hardware stores across the state, and ICE officers have taken to arresting people outside immigration courts and local immigration offices where they’re summoned for check-ins on their asylum cases — a tactic \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12041473/unprecedented-ice-officers-operating-inside-bay-area-immigration-courts-lawyers-say\">previously unheard of\u003c/a> by immigrant advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, officials detained six people, including a teenager and a young adult with Down syndrome, after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12052198/teen-arrested-in-ice-raid-at-an-oakland-home-detained-out-of-state-attorney-says\">raiding a house in East Oakland\u003c/a>.[aside postID=news_12052198 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/GettyImages-2220045842-2000x1334.jpg']Outside the Walgreens in Oakland, the man in the black hoodie said he’s been watching this unfold on the news. Though he is increasingly wary of the risk it puts him in, he still comes here most days because he needs the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, he said, he stays more alert and regularly checks his phone for any warning of ICE activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He recounted what he’s been told to do if ICE officers appear: “They say, ‘Don’t talk, don’t say anything. If they stop you, if they detain you, you’re never going to say anything. If they take you to the immigration, never say if you have papers. You will never speak and that’s it.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man said he knows his rights and carries a red wallet-sized card that says in both English and Spanish that he does not want to answer questions, speak with immigration officials or hand over any documentation. But he also relies on faith to keep him safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know that I have faith in God and I ask God and I am sure that if God tells me that it is my time, then it is my time, my destiny,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘A chilling effect’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>That morning, a team of outreach workers with Street Level Health Project, an Oakland nonprofit that serves undocumented immigrants and is part of Alameda County’s Rapid Response Network, also headed out of their Fruitvale office onto deserted roads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team regularly checks in with day laborers at the Walgreens store on Foothill Boulevard. While walking there, executive director Gabriela Galicia told KQED that Street Level has had fewer clients coming in over the past few weeks, and she’s seeing fewer people on the streets and in stores in the neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050003\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12050003 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-15-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1366\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-15-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-15-KQED-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-15-KQED-1536x1049.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gabriela Galicia, executive director of Street Level Health Project, poses for a photo in Oakland on July 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s definitely apparent that there is a chilling effect,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Galicia said Street Level saw an increase in weekly clients during the first few months of the Trump administration, she believes some are now worried the office itself could be a target for immigration officers.[aside postID=news_12052249 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250814-OAKLANDPUSHBACK-08-KQED.jpg']“We’ve received community members that have stated very upfront that they are scared to sometimes leave the house, go to work, do their normal activities in the neighborhood or take their kids to summer programming,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One laborer outside Walgreens told KQED he’s drastically reduced how much time he spends out of the house, leaving virtually only to work at this point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think there’s a way to protect yourself,” he said. “What you can do is avoid going out a lot, and only go out to the [day laborer] stops out of necessity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s also altered his work routine. On days he might have once stood around on Foothill through the afternoon, he now waits just a few hours in the morning to see if a truck rolls into the lot with a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You only come out here for a bit because there’s no other way, and after that, you get exhausted,” he said. “Before, with more confidence, people stayed longer. You felt more free.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Struggling to find work\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Laborers said even as their numbers drop, work is becoming harder to find.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Potential employers “don’t come” any longer, one told KQED in Spanish. “Some say they are afraid. They are afraid of coming to hire people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers said there have been weeks when they’ve found work for only a few days. Other weeks, there’s been none at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050000\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050000\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-6-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-6-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-6-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-6-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Robles, left, and Norma Calvo, right, both of Street Level Health Project, speak to and offer services to a day laborer waiting for work at a Walgreens in Oakland on July 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Multiple day laborers told KQED that they used to work for companies but were recently let go or had their hours cut short. One works for an electrical company where he’s promised 25 hours of work a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he said he’s only been getting about five hours consistently, and he has had to supplement his income by picking up more one-off jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The company also went down and has less staff and is letting people go,” he said. “We don’t know the motive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050001\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050001\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-11-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-11-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-11-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-11-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Robles holds a red card, listing people’s rights and protections if they are approached by ICE agents, in Oakland on July 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/99th-congress/senate-bill/1200\">Federal immigration law\u003c/a> bars employers from hiring people who are not authorized to work in the U.S. Historically, the government has rarely targeted companies or people who do hire these workers, but it’s possible that they could face prosecution, fines and even jail time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although some employees at Street Level believe the labor downturn could be a regular summer slump, the nonprofit’s employment advocate, Steve Robles Ramirez, doesn’t anticipate work picking back up in the fall. If it does, he said, Street Level will be focused on trying to help protect immigrant laborers from the new reality they face under the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve heard from a lot of day laborers that they fear that a lot of bosses now can freely be comfortable with their bigotry and their racism,” he told KQED. “I think this has become normalized, unfortunately. The people who are employing our day laborers already have that power over them, which could just lead to a lot of exploitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While this isn’t new … I think it’s been amplified to another level, to where it’s a real crisis,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/gcastro\">\u003cem>Gina Castro\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "At one popular day laborer spot in Fruitvale, far fewer men are looking for work amid the Trump administration’s immigration crackdown. Those who remain are on edge.",
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"title": "‘You Can’t Trust Anyone’: In Oakland, Fear of ICE Raids Grips Day Laborers | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Weekdays at the Walgreens parking lot in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/fruitvale\">Fruitvale\u003c/a> have grown eerily quiet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a typical morning months ago, upwards of 60 men in work boots and dark hoodies would have been gathered around light poles and pop-up food stands in the large lot, chatting and drinking coffee out of paper cups. But on a recent gloomy Friday, only about a dozen day laborers milled about, hoping to find work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think people are starting to feel it. I’m scared,” a man in a black hooded sweatshirt, leaning against the Oakland drugstore building, said in Spanish. “It’s not like last year. Right now, I’m just scared. You can’t trust anyone anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and other workers who spoke with KQED anonymously, fearing identification by immigration officials, said the number of day laborers gathering there has dwindled in recent months as the immigration raids sweeping through Southern and Central California stoke a foreboding feeling that they’ll hit the Bay Area next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since President Donald Trump took office with a campaign pledge to carry out mass deportations of undocumented immigrants, Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s daily arrest targets have swelled as its operations pick up significantly across California. And there’s little sign of a slowdown — in July, Congress granted ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101910650/ices-budget-just-tripled-whats-next\">an additional $75 billion\u003c/a> over the next four years to hire more officers and expand detention capacity, making it the largest law enforcement agency in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12049999\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12049999\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-4-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-4-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-4-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-4-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A day laborer waits for work at a Walgreens in Oakland on July 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Raids have shaken gas stations, farms and hardware stores across the state, and ICE officers have taken to arresting people outside immigration courts and local immigration offices where they’re summoned for check-ins on their asylum cases — a tactic \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12041473/unprecedented-ice-officers-operating-inside-bay-area-immigration-courts-lawyers-say\">previously unheard of\u003c/a> by immigrant advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, officials detained six people, including a teenager and a young adult with Down syndrome, after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12052198/teen-arrested-in-ice-raid-at-an-oakland-home-detained-out-of-state-attorney-says\">raiding a house in East Oakland\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Outside the Walgreens in Oakland, the man in the black hoodie said he’s been watching this unfold on the news. Though he is increasingly wary of the risk it puts him in, he still comes here most days because he needs the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, he said, he stays more alert and regularly checks his phone for any warning of ICE activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He recounted what he’s been told to do if ICE officers appear: “They say, ‘Don’t talk, don’t say anything. If they stop you, if they detain you, you’re never going to say anything. If they take you to the immigration, never say if you have papers. You will never speak and that’s it.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man said he knows his rights and carries a red wallet-sized card that says in both English and Spanish that he does not want to answer questions, speak with immigration officials or hand over any documentation. But he also relies on faith to keep him safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know that I have faith in God and I ask God and I am sure that if God tells me that it is my time, then it is my time, my destiny,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘A chilling effect’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>That morning, a team of outreach workers with Street Level Health Project, an Oakland nonprofit that serves undocumented immigrants and is part of Alameda County’s Rapid Response Network, also headed out of their Fruitvale office onto deserted roads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team regularly checks in with day laborers at the Walgreens store on Foothill Boulevard. While walking there, executive director Gabriela Galicia told KQED that Street Level has had fewer clients coming in over the past few weeks, and she’s seeing fewer people on the streets and in stores in the neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050003\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12050003 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-15-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1366\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-15-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-15-KQED-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-15-KQED-1536x1049.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gabriela Galicia, executive director of Street Level Health Project, poses for a photo in Oakland on July 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s definitely apparent that there is a chilling effect,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Galicia said Street Level saw an increase in weekly clients during the first few months of the Trump administration, she believes some are now worried the office itself could be a target for immigration officers.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We’ve received community members that have stated very upfront that they are scared to sometimes leave the house, go to work, do their normal activities in the neighborhood or take their kids to summer programming,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One laborer outside Walgreens told KQED he’s drastically reduced how much time he spends out of the house, leaving virtually only to work at this point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think there’s a way to protect yourself,” he said. “What you can do is avoid going out a lot, and only go out to the [day laborer] stops out of necessity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s also altered his work routine. On days he might have once stood around on Foothill through the afternoon, he now waits just a few hours in the morning to see if a truck rolls into the lot with a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You only come out here for a bit because there’s no other way, and after that, you get exhausted,” he said. “Before, with more confidence, people stayed longer. You felt more free.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Struggling to find work\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Laborers said even as their numbers drop, work is becoming harder to find.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Potential employers “don’t come” any longer, one told KQED in Spanish. “Some say they are afraid. They are afraid of coming to hire people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers said there have been weeks when they’ve found work for only a few days. Other weeks, there’s been none at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050000\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050000\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-6-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-6-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-6-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-6-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Robles, left, and Norma Calvo, right, both of Street Level Health Project, speak to and offer services to a day laborer waiting for work at a Walgreens in Oakland on July 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Multiple day laborers told KQED that they used to work for companies but were recently let go or had their hours cut short. One works for an electrical company where he’s promised 25 hours of work a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he said he’s only been getting about five hours consistently, and he has had to supplement his income by picking up more one-off jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The company also went down and has less staff and is letting people go,” he said. “We don’t know the motive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050001\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050001\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-11-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-11-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-11-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-11-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Robles holds a red card, listing people’s rights and protections if they are approached by ICE agents, in Oakland on July 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/99th-congress/senate-bill/1200\">Federal immigration law\u003c/a> bars employers from hiring people who are not authorized to work in the U.S. Historically, the government has rarely targeted companies or people who do hire these workers, but it’s possible that they could face prosecution, fines and even jail time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although some employees at Street Level believe the labor downturn could be a regular summer slump, the nonprofit’s employment advocate, Steve Robles Ramirez, doesn’t anticipate work picking back up in the fall. If it does, he said, Street Level will be focused on trying to help protect immigrant laborers from the new reality they face under the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve heard from a lot of day laborers that they fear that a lot of bosses now can freely be comfortable with their bigotry and their racism,” he told KQED. “I think this has become normalized, unfortunately. The people who are employing our day laborers already have that power over them, which could just lead to a lot of exploitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While this isn’t new … I think it’s been amplified to another level, to where it’s a real crisis,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/gcastro\">\u003cem>Gina Castro\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"radiolab": {
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"reveal": {
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},
"rightnowish": {
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"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
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