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"content": "\u003cp>For children and teenagers feeling anxious and alienated from their peers and adults, AI companion chatbots can \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1996504/ai-replace-therapist-benefits-risks-unsettling-truths\">mimic the human compassion\u003c/a> they’re longing for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re also available 24/7. However, for parents, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038154/kids-talking-ai-companion-chatbots-stanford-researchers-say-thats-bad-idea\">reported\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034490/ai-companions-seductive-risk-teens-senators-want-more-guardrails\">dangers\u003c/a> of AI companion chatbots are alarming. At least \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/25248089-megan-garcia-vs-character-ai/\">one parent has sued\u003c/a>, alleging \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2024/10/30/tech/teen-suicide-character-ai-lawsuit\">her 14-year-old son was encouraged to take his own life\u003c/a> last year by a chatbot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#ExpertadvicefortalkingtokidsaboutAIchatbots\">Expert advice for talking to kids about AI chatbots\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Regulatory solutions have yet to materialize, but the California legislature is considering \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB243\">State Bill 243\u003c/a>, introduced by Sen. Steve Padilla, D-San Diego and soon to be heard in the Senate Appropriations committee, that would require chatbot operators to implement critical safeguards to protect users from the addictive, isolating and influential aspects of AI chatbots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://ncdoj.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/54-State-Ags-Urge-Study-of-AI-and-harmful-impacts-on-Children.pdf\">2023 letter\u003c/a>, 54 state attorneys general from both political parties urged Congress to act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are engaged in a race against time to protect the children of our country from the dangers of AI,” they wrote. “The proverbial walls of the city have already been breached. Now is the time to act. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you’re a parent or caregiver whose child uses an AI chatbot — or wants to try one — how can you talk to them about the risks? That’s where human professionals can help. KQED reached out to experts, who’ve offered parents five key pieces of guidance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#Wheretofindhumanledsupportforkids\">Where to find human-led support for kids\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"ExpertadvicefortalkingtokidsaboutAIchatbots\">\u003c/a>Start with listening, rather than telling kids what to do\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s natural for kids to be curious, said Vicki Harrison, Program Director for Stanford University’s Center for Youth Mental Health and Wellbeing, who has two teenagers, ages 13 and 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038155\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-12038155\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-Kids-and-Chatbots-01-KQED-800x645.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"645\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-Kids-and-Chatbots-01-KQED-800x645.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-Kids-and-Chatbots-01-KQED-1020x823.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-Kids-and-Chatbots-01-KQED-160x129.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-Kids-and-Chatbots-01-KQED.jpg 1028w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Younger children may struggle with the distinction between fantasy and reality, tweens may be vulnerable to parasocial attachment, and teens may use social AI companions to avoid the challenges of building and sustaining real relationships. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Common Sense Media and Stanford's Brainstorm Lab for Mental Health Innovation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Harrison sympathizes with parents whose first inclination is to panic and demand their child delete the app, but adds, don’t do it. “’Cause they’re not going to ever tell you anything again if you react that way.” She encourages parents to approach the conversation with curiosity instead, even though she acknowledges this is easier said than done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we’re coming in fearful, they’re going to go into a reactive space, and they’re going to want to defend themselves, because they already feel insecure and self-conscious,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.healingwithmindfulness.com\">Laurie Cousins\u003c/a>, a certified mindfulness teacher who works with children and families in Los Angeles. She also has two children, both now in college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Harrison and Cousins recommend approaching the conversation about AI companions by bringing up \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038154/kids-talking-ai-companion-chatbots-stanford-researchers-say-thats-bad-idea\">recent news stories\u003c/a>, because it’s clear to the children that they aren’t personally in trouble.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cousins suggests sharing what you learned and asking open-ended questions. These could include: ‘I was curious because I found out this. Do you know anything about that?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Help your kids understand how AI companion chatbots take advantage of human wiring\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>AI models don’t “understand” emotions the way humans do. They recognize and respond to textual cues learned from processing massive amounts of data gleaned from past conversations, interaction with therapists and therapy-focused websites, as well as random advice found online on platforms like Reddit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We all want, but especially the primitive parts of us, want to feel in control,” Cousins said about the way humans respond to companion chatbots, adding, “Our dopamine receptors are firing, and the oxytocin is firing in the way that it feels relational, it feels like a positive reinforcement.”[aside postID=news_12038154 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/StanfordStudyAIChatbotsKidsGetty-1020x680.jpg']Adults with some self-awareness of their own mental health struggles and personal history might be able to course correct when a companion chatbot fails to pick up on signs of depression, anxiety, ADHD and the like — and when it either affirms ideas ungrounded in reality, or encourages risky behavior in real life. Children often don’t have that self-awareness, and may not understand how some of the interactions they’re asking for may be damaging to their mental health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“\u003ca href=\"https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=understanding-the-teen-brain-1-3051\">Adolescents are in the emotional brain\u003c/a>, right?” Cousins said. “It’s not that they don’t have wisdom. They’re so flooded with emotions and maybe don’t have that risk-averse wisdom yet. Parents say, ‘What were you thinking?’ Well, they weren’t thinking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, knowing intellectually that software is designed to emotionally manipulate users into maintaining engagement is not the same thing as those users being able to control their emotional response to it, especially when they’re still developing their sense of identity, connection and belonging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cousins also suggests sharing with your kids — in an age-appropriate fashion — that companion chatbots are developed by companies with a profit-seeking motive. You could also explain to them that the companies behind the chatbots are likely sharing or selling all sorts of personal data, given that they are not bound by the same \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/resources/health-insurance-portability-and-accountability-act-of-1996-hipaa.html\">privacy laws\u003c/a> as human therapists.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Model the kind of healthy human relationships you want your child to emulate\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Whether it’s speaking kindly to a cashier at a store, joining sports leagues, or attending cultural events, Cousins argues parents need to show their children how to relate to other people. “That’s how we feel safer in community, in society, is when we feel we’re relating with one another.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that may require adults to address their own habits, given how digitally dependent we’ve all become.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You and I know the ‘before times.’ We know that it’s possible to interact in the world without chatbots, without googling everything,” Harrison said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children, not so much. Increasingly, it’s difficult for all of us to avoid chatbots of one kind or another. “I’m slightly alarmed, being in Silicon Valley, just how prevalent AI has become. We’re unleashing it into the world regardless of the consequences.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One idea is to encourage kids to make eye contact with others by modeling it yourself. “They need to see that someone is giving them eye contact, that’s meeting them,” Cousins said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Keep an eye on how much time your child spends staring at a screen\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Harrison urges parents to “scaffold” access to digital devices. For instance, rather than handing a smartphone to a child on their tenth or twelfth birthday, “maybe start with a not-so-smart phone, maybe only approve one app at a time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harrison adds that parents can create family media plans and agreements and get their kids’ buy-in. “‘OK, here’s a new responsibility. Here’s my expectations of how you’re going to use it. If you want more privilege, you have to agree to use it in a certain kind of way.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11789507\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11789507 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/cellphone-1920.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/cellphone-1920.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/cellphone-1920-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/cellphone-1920-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/cellphone-1920-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/cellphone-1920-1200x801.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Parents play an active role in managing screen time by setting clear boundaries — like approving apps individually — and involving kids in family media plans to build healthy habits early. \u003ccite>(Chandan Khanna/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Cousins recommends periodically spot-checking the histories on children’s devices — at least, until they figure out how to delete their histories. But she also recommends parents monitor the amount of time children spend staring at a screen, regardless of whether they’re interacting with humans or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve worked with young people who are gaming all through the night and going to school with two hours of sleep. That’s a dependency, right? That’s an addiction. I’m saying to the parents, ‘Why do you have this in their room?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She argues responsible parenting means setting boundaries, likening digital dependency to an itch. Scratching the itch doesn’t cure the bite or the rash, but inflames both the itch and the urge to continue scratching it. “You got a big dopamine dump and now you’re chasing it, you know?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to a recent report from Common Sense Media and Stanford researchers \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038154/kids-talking-ai-companion-chatbots-stanford-researchers-say-thats-bad-idea\">raising the alarm\u003c/a> about minors using AI companion chatbots, a CharacterAI spokesperson wrote KQED, “Banning a new technology for teenagers has never been an effective approach — not when it was tried with video games, the internet, or movies containing violence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, the company delivers a \u003ca href=\"https://character.ai/safety/teen-safety\">specialized version\u003c/a> of its large language model to 13–18 year olds. Among other things, this model includes a time-spent notification that notifies children if they have spent an hour on the platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"Wheretofindhumanledsupportforkids\">\u003c/a>Seek out additional human resources\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://allcove.org\">\u003cstrong>allcove\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>A free, welcoming space for youth ages 12–25, developed originally in Australia and now growing across the U.S., including locations in the Bay Area. Think of it as a “one-stop shop” offering mental health support, physical care, peer counseling, and help with substance abuse.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org\">Common Sense Media\u003cbr>\n\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>The nonprofit provides independent, age-based reviews, ratings, and advice for parents, caregivers, and educators about media and technology for children and teens. It covers movies, TV shows, books, video games, apps, websites, and even TikTok and YouTube channels.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://badassgirls.me\">\u003cstrong>Bad Ass Girls\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>An empowering mentorship and community program for preteen and teen girls. It’s built to help them explore confidence, connection, and emotional wellness through guided support and real talk.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.goodformedia.org\">\u003cstrong>#GoodforMEdia\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>This is a youth-led program where teens help other teens make smart, thoughtful choices about their digital lives. It’s like having a mentor who actually understands how tricky social media can be — because they’re living it too.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ggie.berkeley.edu\">\u003cstrong>Greater Good in Education\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>A thoughtful collection of research-based articles, tips, and newsletters for parents and educators. Created by the Greater Good Science Center at UC Berkeley, it focuses on emotional well-being, mindfulness, and building empathy in young people.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://solunaapp.com\">\u003cstrong>Soluna \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>Free for youth in California, this app offers mental health tools, mood tracking, and direct access to counselors. A great option for teens who might not feel ready to talk in person but still need support.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.teenline.org\">\u003cstrong>Teenline\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>Teens everywhere can talk or text with trained teen volunteers. It’s anonymous and especially helpful for teens who feel more comfortable opening up to peers.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.childrenandscreens.org\">\u003cstrong>Children and screens\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nA national nonprofit based in D.C. that offers an “Ask the Experts” series written with parents in mind — full of clear, science-backed tips.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For children and teenagers feeling anxious and alienated from their peers and adults, AI companion chatbots can \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1996504/ai-replace-therapist-benefits-risks-unsettling-truths\">mimic the human compassion\u003c/a> they’re longing for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re also available 24/7. However, for parents, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038154/kids-talking-ai-companion-chatbots-stanford-researchers-say-thats-bad-idea\">reported\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034490/ai-companions-seductive-risk-teens-senators-want-more-guardrails\">dangers\u003c/a> of AI companion chatbots are alarming. At least \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/25248089-megan-garcia-vs-character-ai/\">one parent has sued\u003c/a>, alleging \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2024/10/30/tech/teen-suicide-character-ai-lawsuit\">her 14-year-old son was encouraged to take his own life\u003c/a> last year by a chatbot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#ExpertadvicefortalkingtokidsaboutAIchatbots\">Expert advice for talking to kids about AI chatbots\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Regulatory solutions have yet to materialize, but the California legislature is considering \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB243\">State Bill 243\u003c/a>, introduced by Sen. Steve Padilla, D-San Diego and soon to be heard in the Senate Appropriations committee, that would require chatbot operators to implement critical safeguards to protect users from the addictive, isolating and influential aspects of AI chatbots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://ncdoj.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/54-State-Ags-Urge-Study-of-AI-and-harmful-impacts-on-Children.pdf\">2023 letter\u003c/a>, 54 state attorneys general from both political parties urged Congress to act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are engaged in a race against time to protect the children of our country from the dangers of AI,” they wrote. “The proverbial walls of the city have already been breached. Now is the time to act. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you’re a parent or caregiver whose child uses an AI chatbot — or wants to try one — how can you talk to them about the risks? That’s where human professionals can help. KQED reached out to experts, who’ve offered parents five key pieces of guidance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#Wheretofindhumanledsupportforkids\">Where to find human-led support for kids\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"ExpertadvicefortalkingtokidsaboutAIchatbots\">\u003c/a>Start with listening, rather than telling kids what to do\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s natural for kids to be curious, said Vicki Harrison, Program Director for Stanford University’s Center for Youth Mental Health and Wellbeing, who has two teenagers, ages 13 and 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038155\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-12038155\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-Kids-and-Chatbots-01-KQED-800x645.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"645\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-Kids-and-Chatbots-01-KQED-800x645.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-Kids-and-Chatbots-01-KQED-1020x823.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-Kids-and-Chatbots-01-KQED-160x129.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-Kids-and-Chatbots-01-KQED.jpg 1028w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Younger children may struggle with the distinction between fantasy and reality, tweens may be vulnerable to parasocial attachment, and teens may use social AI companions to avoid the challenges of building and sustaining real relationships. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Common Sense Media and Stanford's Brainstorm Lab for Mental Health Innovation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Harrison sympathizes with parents whose first inclination is to panic and demand their child delete the app, but adds, don’t do it. “’Cause they’re not going to ever tell you anything again if you react that way.” She encourages parents to approach the conversation with curiosity instead, even though she acknowledges this is easier said than done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we’re coming in fearful, they’re going to go into a reactive space, and they’re going to want to defend themselves, because they already feel insecure and self-conscious,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.healingwithmindfulness.com\">Laurie Cousins\u003c/a>, a certified mindfulness teacher who works with children and families in Los Angeles. She also has two children, both now in college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Harrison and Cousins recommend approaching the conversation about AI companions by bringing up \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038154/kids-talking-ai-companion-chatbots-stanford-researchers-say-thats-bad-idea\">recent news stories\u003c/a>, because it’s clear to the children that they aren’t personally in trouble.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cousins suggests sharing what you learned and asking open-ended questions. These could include: ‘I was curious because I found out this. Do you know anything about that?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Help your kids understand how AI companion chatbots take advantage of human wiring\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>AI models don’t “understand” emotions the way humans do. They recognize and respond to textual cues learned from processing massive amounts of data gleaned from past conversations, interaction with therapists and therapy-focused websites, as well as random advice found online on platforms like Reddit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We all want, but especially the primitive parts of us, want to feel in control,” Cousins said about the way humans respond to companion chatbots, adding, “Our dopamine receptors are firing, and the oxytocin is firing in the way that it feels relational, it feels like a positive reinforcement.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Adults with some self-awareness of their own mental health struggles and personal history might be able to course correct when a companion chatbot fails to pick up on signs of depression, anxiety, ADHD and the like — and when it either affirms ideas ungrounded in reality, or encourages risky behavior in real life. Children often don’t have that self-awareness, and may not understand how some of the interactions they’re asking for may be damaging to their mental health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“\u003ca href=\"https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=understanding-the-teen-brain-1-3051\">Adolescents are in the emotional brain\u003c/a>, right?” Cousins said. “It’s not that they don’t have wisdom. They’re so flooded with emotions and maybe don’t have that risk-averse wisdom yet. Parents say, ‘What were you thinking?’ Well, they weren’t thinking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, knowing intellectually that software is designed to emotionally manipulate users into maintaining engagement is not the same thing as those users being able to control their emotional response to it, especially when they’re still developing their sense of identity, connection and belonging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cousins also suggests sharing with your kids — in an age-appropriate fashion — that companion chatbots are developed by companies with a profit-seeking motive. You could also explain to them that the companies behind the chatbots are likely sharing or selling all sorts of personal data, given that they are not bound by the same \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/php/resources/health-insurance-portability-and-accountability-act-of-1996-hipaa.html\">privacy laws\u003c/a> as human therapists.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Model the kind of healthy human relationships you want your child to emulate\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Whether it’s speaking kindly to a cashier at a store, joining sports leagues, or attending cultural events, Cousins argues parents need to show their children how to relate to other people. “That’s how we feel safer in community, in society, is when we feel we’re relating with one another.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that may require adults to address their own habits, given how digitally dependent we’ve all become.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You and I know the ‘before times.’ We know that it’s possible to interact in the world without chatbots, without googling everything,” Harrison said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children, not so much. Increasingly, it’s difficult for all of us to avoid chatbots of one kind or another. “I’m slightly alarmed, being in Silicon Valley, just how prevalent AI has become. We’re unleashing it into the world regardless of the consequences.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One idea is to encourage kids to make eye contact with others by modeling it yourself. “They need to see that someone is giving them eye contact, that’s meeting them,” Cousins said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Keep an eye on how much time your child spends staring at a screen\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Harrison urges parents to “scaffold” access to digital devices. For instance, rather than handing a smartphone to a child on their tenth or twelfth birthday, “maybe start with a not-so-smart phone, maybe only approve one app at a time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harrison adds that parents can create family media plans and agreements and get their kids’ buy-in. “‘OK, here’s a new responsibility. Here’s my expectations of how you’re going to use it. If you want more privilege, you have to agree to use it in a certain kind of way.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11789507\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11789507 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/cellphone-1920.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/cellphone-1920.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/cellphone-1920-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/cellphone-1920-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/cellphone-1920-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/12/cellphone-1920-1200x801.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Parents play an active role in managing screen time by setting clear boundaries — like approving apps individually — and involving kids in family media plans to build healthy habits early. \u003ccite>(Chandan Khanna/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Cousins recommends periodically spot-checking the histories on children’s devices — at least, until they figure out how to delete their histories. But she also recommends parents monitor the amount of time children spend staring at a screen, regardless of whether they’re interacting with humans or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve worked with young people who are gaming all through the night and going to school with two hours of sleep. That’s a dependency, right? That’s an addiction. I’m saying to the parents, ‘Why do you have this in their room?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She argues responsible parenting means setting boundaries, likening digital dependency to an itch. Scratching the itch doesn’t cure the bite or the rash, but inflames both the itch and the urge to continue scratching it. “You got a big dopamine dump and now you’re chasing it, you know?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to a recent report from Common Sense Media and Stanford researchers \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038154/kids-talking-ai-companion-chatbots-stanford-researchers-say-thats-bad-idea\">raising the alarm\u003c/a> about minors using AI companion chatbots, a CharacterAI spokesperson wrote KQED, “Banning a new technology for teenagers has never been an effective approach — not when it was tried with video games, the internet, or movies containing violence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, the company delivers a \u003ca href=\"https://character.ai/safety/teen-safety\">specialized version\u003c/a> of its large language model to 13–18 year olds. Among other things, this model includes a time-spent notification that notifies children if they have spent an hour on the platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"Wheretofindhumanledsupportforkids\">\u003c/a>Seek out additional human resources\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://allcove.org\">\u003cstrong>allcove\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>A free, welcoming space for youth ages 12–25, developed originally in Australia and now growing across the U.S., including locations in the Bay Area. Think of it as a “one-stop shop” offering mental health support, physical care, peer counseling, and help with substance abuse.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org\">Common Sense Media\u003cbr>\n\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>The nonprofit provides independent, age-based reviews, ratings, and advice for parents, caregivers, and educators about media and technology for children and teens. It covers movies, TV shows, books, video games, apps, websites, and even TikTok and YouTube channels.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://badassgirls.me\">\u003cstrong>Bad Ass Girls\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>An empowering mentorship and community program for preteen and teen girls. It’s built to help them explore confidence, connection, and emotional wellness through guided support and real talk.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.goodformedia.org\">\u003cstrong>#GoodforMEdia\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>This is a youth-led program where teens help other teens make smart, thoughtful choices about their digital lives. It’s like having a mentor who actually understands how tricky social media can be — because they’re living it too.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ggie.berkeley.edu\">\u003cstrong>Greater Good in Education\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>A thoughtful collection of research-based articles, tips, and newsletters for parents and educators. Created by the Greater Good Science Center at UC Berkeley, it focuses on emotional well-being, mindfulness, and building empathy in young people.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://solunaapp.com\">\u003cstrong>Soluna \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>Free for youth in California, this app offers mental health tools, mood tracking, and direct access to counselors. A great option for teens who might not feel ready to talk in person but still need support.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.teenline.org\">\u003cstrong>Teenline\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>Teens everywhere can talk or text with trained teen volunteers. It’s anonymous and especially helpful for teens who feel more comfortable opening up to peers.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.childrenandscreens.org\">\u003cstrong>Children and screens\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nA national nonprofit based in D.C. that offers an “Ask the Experts” series written with parents in mind — full of clear, science-backed tips.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>San Francisco is shifting how the city governs — and now describes — its goals around substance use and overdoses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Board of Supervisors on Tuesday voted unanimously to approve a largely symbolic measure aimed at changing the city’s framing around the drug crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “Recovery First” ordinance, introduced by District 6 Supervisor Matt Dorsey, establishes the city’s overall goal for drug use and addiction programs to prioritize helping people reach “long-term remission.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This legislation accomplished what I hoped it would, to align our civic aspiration with what any of us would wish for a loved one struggling with drug addiction,” Dorsey said during Tuesday’s meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city defines remission as “overcoming the illness of substance use disorder to the point of living a self-directed and healthy life, free from illicit drug use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=14119526&GUID=3570BE8E-779A-4A00-8F3A-29A67C371133\">The version passed on Tuesday\u003c/a> is different from Dorsey’s original version, which prioritized an “abstinence-first” approach and named “long-term recovery” as the city’s North Star for addiction-related services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990724\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/DrugFreeRecoveryHousing01.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990724\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/DrugFreeRecoveryHousing01.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/DrugFreeRecoveryHousing01.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/DrugFreeRecoveryHousing01-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/DrugFreeRecoveryHousing01-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/DrugFreeRecoveryHousing01-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/DrugFreeRecoveryHousing01-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco Supervisor Matt Dorsey (top-center) speaks from a podium at City Hall on June 17. Together, he and Supervisor Rafael Mandelman announced their new legislation to prioritize drug-free recovery housing in front of advocates and the community. \u003ccite>(Katherine Monahan/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The change came after doctors pointed to the fact that many people who are trying to curb their drug use may still experience relapse or could be seeking different outcomes than complete abstinence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health experts, including members of the San Francisco Marin Medical Society, representing more than 3,500 physicians, recommended that the ordinance broaden the definition of recovery to show that harm reduction and recovery are not mutually exclusive concepts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The data shows that recovery is often a non-linear process of self-actualization where harm reduction efforts, abstinence, and treatment are not in opposition with one another or mutually exclusive,” reads \u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=14150937&GUID=D2FA34F8-1232-47E2-9CC7-0C2D2AA182D8\">a letter recommending the amendments\u003c/a> from the medical society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other advocates for harm reduction, a philosophy that emphasizes meeting drug users where they are at by promoting safer use practices, also called on supervisors to amend the policy. Programs such as safe needle exchanges and Narcan distribution provide life-saving tools that should also remain a priority within the city’s approach, speakers said at a recent committee hearing for the proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12038376 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-02-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dorsey said both recovery and harm reduction have a role to play. But in the yearslong battle to reduce overdose deaths and outdoor drug use, these two camps have become political lightning rods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Despite the brevity of its one-sentence operative provision, (the ordinance) became something of a flashpoint in our drug policy debate,” said Dorsey, who identifies as a former drug addict in recovery. “In the end, I think that debate was truly helpful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Jackie Fielder was among those pushing for adjustments in the final version of the ordinance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to thank the social workers, the street outreach workers and medical professionals who advocated for a more expansive and inclusive definition of recovery and a substance use disorder policy that affirms the dignity and potential of every single person struggling with addiction,” Fielder said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fielder, who represents District 9, will lead a hearing next week on a proposal for San Francisco to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014887/sf-report-offers-zurich-style-overdose-prevention-plan\">incorporate a model used in Zurich, Switzerland\u003c/a>, where outdoor drug use and overdoses were similarly a major problem. The model calls for strong coordination and support for addressing all stages of drug-related issues, including prevention, treatment, harm reduction and law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dorsey has also expressed support for the approach, known as the Four Pillars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Mayor Daniel Lurie has already taken steps to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034214/san-francisco-ends-health-programs-for-drug-users-not-active-in-treatment\">scale back the city’s harm reduction efforts\u003c/a>, as some voters have grown frustrated over a lack of progress on the drug crisis. His recent directive required health providers to only distribute safer use supplies, such as clean needles, to drug users who agree to participate in some form of counseling or treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lurie has also ended all outdoor distribution of safer smoking supplies like pipes and foil, which some studies have shown can help drug users move away from more risky forms of consumption like injecting drugs. He has also ordered \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12028996/san-francisco-police-arrest-84-people-in-overnight-drug-market-raid-at-city-park\">increased police crackdowns\u003c/a> on drug users and dealers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12034214 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250218-SFDowntown-07-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many health providers are still waiting for answers on where funding for the newly required counseling services will come from. Earlier this month, the city has opened up a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038376/tenderloin-welcomes-mental-health-clinic-demands-broader-city-action-on-homelessness\">new emergency mental health clinic at 822 Geary\u003c/a> for individuals experiencing panic attacks, suicidal ideation or other psychiatric emergencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stabilization center at 822 Geary currently has the capacity for four clients, but officials there said they eventually plan to scale that up to 16, so people can walk in or first responders can drop off people they encounter struggling on the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just over 190 people died of overdose in San Francisco from January to March of this year, according to the most recent city data available. Fielder pointed out that at the current pace, the city is on track to reach its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11972898/2023-was-san-franciscos-deadliest-year-for-drug-overdoses-new-data-confirms\">second-highest year for overdose deaths\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Factions of the city want to present a false choice between harm reduction and treatment when both are sorely needed at this moment,” Fielder said. “The moment demands all of us to come together to achieve a steep and lasting decline in overdose deaths and the long-term remission of substance use disorders in San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San Francisco is shifting how the city governs — and now describes — its goals around substance use and overdoses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Board of Supervisors on Tuesday voted unanimously to approve a largely symbolic measure aimed at changing the city’s framing around the drug crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “Recovery First” ordinance, introduced by District 6 Supervisor Matt Dorsey, establishes the city’s overall goal for drug use and addiction programs to prioritize helping people reach “long-term remission.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This legislation accomplished what I hoped it would, to align our civic aspiration with what any of us would wish for a loved one struggling with drug addiction,” Dorsey said during Tuesday’s meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city defines remission as “overcoming the illness of substance use disorder to the point of living a self-directed and healthy life, free from illicit drug use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=14119526&GUID=3570BE8E-779A-4A00-8F3A-29A67C371133\">The version passed on Tuesday\u003c/a> is different from Dorsey’s original version, which prioritized an “abstinence-first” approach and named “long-term recovery” as the city’s North Star for addiction-related services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990724\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/DrugFreeRecoveryHousing01.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990724\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/DrugFreeRecoveryHousing01.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/DrugFreeRecoveryHousing01.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/DrugFreeRecoveryHousing01-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/DrugFreeRecoveryHousing01-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/DrugFreeRecoveryHousing01-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/DrugFreeRecoveryHousing01-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco Supervisor Matt Dorsey (top-center) speaks from a podium at City Hall on June 17. Together, he and Supervisor Rafael Mandelman announced their new legislation to prioritize drug-free recovery housing in front of advocates and the community. \u003ccite>(Katherine Monahan/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The change came after doctors pointed to the fact that many people who are trying to curb their drug use may still experience relapse or could be seeking different outcomes than complete abstinence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health experts, including members of the San Francisco Marin Medical Society, representing more than 3,500 physicians, recommended that the ordinance broaden the definition of recovery to show that harm reduction and recovery are not mutually exclusive concepts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The data shows that recovery is often a non-linear process of self-actualization where harm reduction efforts, abstinence, and treatment are not in opposition with one another or mutually exclusive,” reads \u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=14150937&GUID=D2FA34F8-1232-47E2-9CC7-0C2D2AA182D8\">a letter recommending the amendments\u003c/a> from the medical society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other advocates for harm reduction, a philosophy that emphasizes meeting drug users where they are at by promoting safer use practices, also called on supervisors to amend the policy. Programs such as safe needle exchanges and Narcan distribution provide life-saving tools that should also remain a priority within the city’s approach, speakers said at a recent committee hearing for the proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dorsey said both recovery and harm reduction have a role to play. But in the yearslong battle to reduce overdose deaths and outdoor drug use, these two camps have become political lightning rods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Despite the brevity of its one-sentence operative provision, (the ordinance) became something of a flashpoint in our drug policy debate,” said Dorsey, who identifies as a former drug addict in recovery. “In the end, I think that debate was truly helpful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Jackie Fielder was among those pushing for adjustments in the final version of the ordinance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to thank the social workers, the street outreach workers and medical professionals who advocated for a more expansive and inclusive definition of recovery and a substance use disorder policy that affirms the dignity and potential of every single person struggling with addiction,” Fielder said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fielder, who represents District 9, will lead a hearing next week on a proposal for San Francisco to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014887/sf-report-offers-zurich-style-overdose-prevention-plan\">incorporate a model used in Zurich, Switzerland\u003c/a>, where outdoor drug use and overdoses were similarly a major problem. The model calls for strong coordination and support for addressing all stages of drug-related issues, including prevention, treatment, harm reduction and law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dorsey has also expressed support for the approach, known as the Four Pillars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Mayor Daniel Lurie has already taken steps to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034214/san-francisco-ends-health-programs-for-drug-users-not-active-in-treatment\">scale back the city’s harm reduction efforts\u003c/a>, as some voters have grown frustrated over a lack of progress on the drug crisis. His recent directive required health providers to only distribute safer use supplies, such as clean needles, to drug users who agree to participate in some form of counseling or treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lurie has also ended all outdoor distribution of safer smoking supplies like pipes and foil, which some studies have shown can help drug users move away from more risky forms of consumption like injecting drugs. He has also ordered \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12028996/san-francisco-police-arrest-84-people-in-overnight-drug-market-raid-at-city-park\">increased police crackdowns\u003c/a> on drug users and dealers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many health providers are still waiting for answers on where funding for the newly required counseling services will come from. Earlier this month, the city has opened up a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038376/tenderloin-welcomes-mental-health-clinic-demands-broader-city-action-on-homelessness\">new emergency mental health clinic at 822 Geary\u003c/a> for individuals experiencing panic attacks, suicidal ideation or other psychiatric emergencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stabilization center at 822 Geary currently has the capacity for four clients, but officials there said they eventually plan to scale that up to 16, so people can walk in or first responders can drop off people they encounter struggling on the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just over 190 people died of overdose in San Francisco from January to March of this year, according to the most recent city data available. Fielder pointed out that at the current pace, the city is on track to reach its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11972898/2023-was-san-franciscos-deadliest-year-for-drug-overdoses-new-data-confirms\">second-highest year for overdose deaths\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Factions of the city want to present a false choice between harm reduction and treatment when both are sorely needed at this moment,” Fielder said. “The moment demands all of us to come together to achieve a steep and lasting decline in overdose deaths and the long-term remission of substance use disorders in San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "california-sues-to-block-trump-and-rfk-jr-health-cuts-that-shuttered-sf-office",
"title": "California Sues to Block Trump and RFK Jr. Health Cuts That Shuttered SF Office",
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"headTitle": "California Sues to Block Trump and RFK Jr. Health Cuts That Shuttered SF Office | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>California is suing the Trump administration over an order that aimed to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12033968/san-franciscos-hhs-office-close-federal-health-cuts-pelosi\">shrink the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services\u003c/a> through mass layoffs and office closures, including in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney General Rob Bonta joined 19 other attorneys general on the lawsuit filed Monday in Rhode Island federal court, which requests that a judge block the “Make America Healthy Again” directive announced by Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. in March. The suit calls for reversing the department cuts, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034527/meals-on-wheels-child-welfare-hhs-staff-sf-woke-up-our-jobs-gone\">shut down San Francisco’s regional post\u003c/a> and could have ripple effects on programs like Medicare and Medicaid, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12035966/i-know-the-power-of-head-start-laid-off-worker-fears-for-programs-future\">Head Start\u003c/a> and Meals on Wheels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Trump Administration does not have the power to incapacitate a department that Congress created, nor can it decline to spend funds that were appropriated by Congress for that department,” Bonta said in a statement. “That’s why my fellow attorneys general and I are taking the Trump Administration to court — [Health and Human Services] is under attack, and we won’t stand for it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit is the 17th that Bonta has filed against the Trump administration since he took office in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It alleges that Kennedy’s order, which called for the consolidation of HHS’s 28 divisions to 15 and the closure of five district offices, violated the Administrative Procedure Act and should be declared unconstitutional. The attorneys general say Kennedy’s directive was “arbitrary and capricious,” and has made it impossible for the department to perform functions required by law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12034527 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/USDeptHealthHumanServicesGetty-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The directive said it would \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101909725/trumps-first-100-days-how-doge-has-changed-government\">focus on “government efficiency,”\u003c/a> reducing the workforce of the department while maintaining its key services, but Bonta and the coalition suing the administration allege that it has ground work to a halt in several agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Office of Compliance and Enforcement within the Center for Tobacco Products — a subagency within HHS — typically filed more than 100 complaints a week seeking civil monetary penalties against retailers that repeatedly sold tobacco to customers under 21,” Bonta’s office said in a statement. “The [Make America Healthy Again] Directive wiped out the Office of Compliance and Enforcement, straining the ability of remaining staff to seek penalties.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A week after releasing the reorganization directive, Kennedy directed the closure of half of the agency’s 10 regional offices and fired about 10,000 employees. At \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034527/meals-on-wheels-child-welfare-hhs-staff-sf-woke-up-our-jobs-gone\">San Francisco’s shuttered office\u003c/a>, workers were locked out of the Speaker Nancy Pelosi Federal Building and cut off from access to their government email accounts and computers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s office housed federal HIV/AIDS research and carried out HHS programs in California, Arizona, Hawaii and Nevada, along with six American territories and more than 100 independent tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Employees said at the time that the move would incapacitate some of their divisions’ ability to reach far-flung rural communities on the West Coast and where other regional offices were closed, and could set back tenuous gains in building trust with tribes and territories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "California Sues to Block Trump and RFK Jr. Health Cuts That Shuttered SF Office | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California is suing the Trump administration over an order that aimed to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12033968/san-franciscos-hhs-office-close-federal-health-cuts-pelosi\">shrink the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services\u003c/a> through mass layoffs and office closures, including in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney General Rob Bonta joined 19 other attorneys general on the lawsuit filed Monday in Rhode Island federal court, which requests that a judge block the “Make America Healthy Again” directive announced by Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. in March. The suit calls for reversing the department cuts, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034527/meals-on-wheels-child-welfare-hhs-staff-sf-woke-up-our-jobs-gone\">shut down San Francisco’s regional post\u003c/a> and could have ripple effects on programs like Medicare and Medicaid, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12035966/i-know-the-power-of-head-start-laid-off-worker-fears-for-programs-future\">Head Start\u003c/a> and Meals on Wheels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Trump Administration does not have the power to incapacitate a department that Congress created, nor can it decline to spend funds that were appropriated by Congress for that department,” Bonta said in a statement. “That’s why my fellow attorneys general and I are taking the Trump Administration to court — [Health and Human Services] is under attack, and we won’t stand for it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit is the 17th that Bonta has filed against the Trump administration since he took office in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It alleges that Kennedy’s order, which called for the consolidation of HHS’s 28 divisions to 15 and the closure of five district offices, violated the Administrative Procedure Act and should be declared unconstitutional. The attorneys general say Kennedy’s directive was “arbitrary and capricious,” and has made it impossible for the department to perform functions required by law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The directive said it would \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101909725/trumps-first-100-days-how-doge-has-changed-government\">focus on “government efficiency,”\u003c/a> reducing the workforce of the department while maintaining its key services, but Bonta and the coalition suing the administration allege that it has ground work to a halt in several agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Office of Compliance and Enforcement within the Center for Tobacco Products — a subagency within HHS — typically filed more than 100 complaints a week seeking civil monetary penalties against retailers that repeatedly sold tobacco to customers under 21,” Bonta’s office said in a statement. “The [Make America Healthy Again] Directive wiped out the Office of Compliance and Enforcement, straining the ability of remaining staff to seek penalties.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A week after releasing the reorganization directive, Kennedy directed the closure of half of the agency’s 10 regional offices and fired about 10,000 employees. At \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034527/meals-on-wheels-child-welfare-hhs-staff-sf-woke-up-our-jobs-gone\">San Francisco’s shuttered office\u003c/a>, workers were locked out of the Speaker Nancy Pelosi Federal Building and cut off from access to their government email accounts and computers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s office housed federal HIV/AIDS research and carried out HHS programs in California, Arizona, Hawaii and Nevada, along with six American territories and more than 100 independent tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Employees said at the time that the move would incapacitate some of their divisions’ ability to reach far-flung rural communities on the West Coast and where other regional offices were closed, and could set back tenuous gains in building trust with tribes and territories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Valero Refinery Fire in Benicia Is Under Control After Warnings to Stay Indoors",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 4:23 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A blaze that ignited Monday morning at Valero’s Benicia refinery was brought under control after \u003ca href=\"https://cameras.alertcalifornia.org/?pos=38.0188_-122.2059_12&id=Axis-CummingsSkyway\">sending large plumes of black smoke\u003c/a> into the air for over an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire, which firefighters responded to around 8:45 a.m., had been “placed under control” at 10:38 a.m., and shelter-in-place orders for nearby residents and Robert Semple Elementary School were lifted, the Benicia Fire Department said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Emergency personnel will remain on scene for clean up,” the department said in a Facebook post. “While there is particulate matter present, all other air monitoring is below health hazard levels.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fairfield, Vallejo and Contra Costa County firefighters also responded to the fire, which was mainly confined to a single structure in the refinery, the department said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No injuries had been reported, it said. The cause of the blaze were still unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12036334\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1777px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_1979_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12036334\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_1979_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1777\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_1979_qed.jpg 1777w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_1979_qed-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_1979_qed-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_1979_qed-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_1979_qed-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1777px) 100vw, 1777px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Valero refinery worker at the site in Benicia on July 25, 2013. \u003ccite>(Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Benicia Mayor Steve Young, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101909783/benicia-contends-with-valero-refinery-closure\">speaking on KQED’s Forum on Monday\u003c/a> about Valero’s recently announced plans to close the refinery, said safety officials had instructed people who live nearby to stay indoors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Larnie Fox, who lives in Benicia about 3 miles from the refinery, said he was taking a walk around 9:15 a.m. when he first saw smoke “in the wrong place.” The wind was blowing a large black cloud directly toward town, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s about when we got the shelter-in-place order,” he said. “And that’s about when we decided to go have breakfast in Vallejo.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fox said some neighbors with allergies or asthma told him their symptoms were kicking up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that stuff’s dangerous,” he said. “I had skin cancer, my wife had breast cancer, so we don’t want to breathe any of that stuff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air regulators and health officials are investigating the incident and using portable air monitors in the surrounding community to test for air pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12037668 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/230921-VALERO-BENICIA-REFINERY-MD-01_qed-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air District issued an air quality advisory for smoke in southern Solano, northern Contra Costa, and northwestern Alameda counties, “specifically communities between I-80 and I-680 bridges (Martinez, Pacheco, Concord and Port Chicago),” the agency said, noting that communities as far south as Oakland could potentially feel the impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Smoke from the fire contains fine particulate matter and other harmful pollutants. Exposure to smoke is unhealthy, even for short periods of time,” the agency said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although firefighters responded to the blaze within minutes, and the Benicia Fire Department posted a shelter-in-place alert soon thereafter, the county warning system didn’t alert residents until well after the fire had started because of a technical glitch, city officials told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pat Toth, a Benicia resident who lives miles away from the refinery, said she didn’t receive any official text communications about the fire until about 10:30 a.m., more than 90 minutes after it started, even though she subscribes to various emergency alerts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need much better notifications and information, and especially when it’s happening,” said Toth, who’s lived in the city for 25 years. “Even when I was driving away, I saw people walking outside and I thought, ‘Wow, should I open my window and tell people to run home?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County officials have not responded to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, residents were similarly impacted by a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025377/huge-martinez-refinery-fire-renews-neighbors-fear-frustration\">major refinery fire in Martinez\u003c/a>, just across the Carquinez Strait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa health officials said Monday that they were sending a hazardous materials team to Martinez to monitor for any potential impacts from the Benicia fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Benicia Fire Department said it had also requested drone air monitoring from the Solano County Hazardous Materials Response Team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero said in a statement that emergency crews responded and are monitoring for air quality issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The safety of our workers and community is our priority, and we are coordinating with state and local authorities,” the company said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire comes just weeks after Valero executives announced they were considering \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037668/potential-valero-refinery-closure-leaves-benicia-state-officials-scrambling-to-pick-up-pieces\">closing the sprawling refinery\u003c/a> by next April.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery, which produces up to 145,000 barrels of crude oil a day, is the sixth largest in California, accounting for \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/data-reports/energy-almanac/californias-petroleum-market/californias-oil-refineries\">about 9%\u003c/a> of the state’s total capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, regional and state air regulators fined the company a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12011785/bay-area-air-district-hits-valeros-benicia-refinery-with-historic-82-million-fine\">record $82 million\u003c/a> for secretly exceeding toxic emissions standards for at least 15 years. And in March, Benicia officials voted unanimously to impose moderate \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12029845/benicia-moves-toward-tougher-oversight-of-valero-refinery\">new safety regulations\u003c/a> on the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Fox, the fire is another reason to be concerned about Valero’s safety record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think it’s acceptable,” Fox said. “I think Valero has tried to portray themselves as being safe, and they’ve proven time and time again that they’re not safe…. They don’t care about our safety. They’re just trying to make money and cut corners.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/jsmall\">Julie Small\u003c/a> contributed to this report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 4:23 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A blaze that ignited Monday morning at Valero’s Benicia refinery was brought under control after \u003ca href=\"https://cameras.alertcalifornia.org/?pos=38.0188_-122.2059_12&id=Axis-CummingsSkyway\">sending large plumes of black smoke\u003c/a> into the air for over an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire, which firefighters responded to around 8:45 a.m., had been “placed under control” at 10:38 a.m., and shelter-in-place orders for nearby residents and Robert Semple Elementary School were lifted, the Benicia Fire Department said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Emergency personnel will remain on scene for clean up,” the department said in a Facebook post. “While there is particulate matter present, all other air monitoring is below health hazard levels.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fairfield, Vallejo and Contra Costa County firefighters also responded to the fire, which was mainly confined to a single structure in the refinery, the department said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No injuries had been reported, it said. The cause of the blaze were still unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12036334\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1777px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_1979_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12036334\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_1979_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1777\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_1979_qed.jpg 1777w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_1979_qed-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_1979_qed-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_1979_qed-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/IMG_1979_qed-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1777px) 100vw, 1777px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Valero refinery worker at the site in Benicia on July 25, 2013. \u003ccite>(Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Benicia Mayor Steve Young, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101909783/benicia-contends-with-valero-refinery-closure\">speaking on KQED’s Forum on Monday\u003c/a> about Valero’s recently announced plans to close the refinery, said safety officials had instructed people who live nearby to stay indoors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Larnie Fox, who lives in Benicia about 3 miles from the refinery, said he was taking a walk around 9:15 a.m. when he first saw smoke “in the wrong place.” The wind was blowing a large black cloud directly toward town, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s about when we got the shelter-in-place order,” he said. “And that’s about when we decided to go have breakfast in Vallejo.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fox said some neighbors with allergies or asthma told him their symptoms were kicking up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that stuff’s dangerous,” he said. “I had skin cancer, my wife had breast cancer, so we don’t want to breathe any of that stuff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air regulators and health officials are investigating the incident and using portable air monitors in the surrounding community to test for air pollution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air District issued an air quality advisory for smoke in southern Solano, northern Contra Costa, and northwestern Alameda counties, “specifically communities between I-80 and I-680 bridges (Martinez, Pacheco, Concord and Port Chicago),” the agency said, noting that communities as far south as Oakland could potentially feel the impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Smoke from the fire contains fine particulate matter and other harmful pollutants. Exposure to smoke is unhealthy, even for short periods of time,” the agency said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although firefighters responded to the blaze within minutes, and the Benicia Fire Department posted a shelter-in-place alert soon thereafter, the county warning system didn’t alert residents until well after the fire had started because of a technical glitch, city officials told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pat Toth, a Benicia resident who lives miles away from the refinery, said she didn’t receive any official text communications about the fire until about 10:30 a.m., more than 90 minutes after it started, even though she subscribes to various emergency alerts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need much better notifications and information, and especially when it’s happening,” said Toth, who’s lived in the city for 25 years. “Even when I was driving away, I saw people walking outside and I thought, ‘Wow, should I open my window and tell people to run home?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County officials have not responded to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, residents were similarly impacted by a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025377/huge-martinez-refinery-fire-renews-neighbors-fear-frustration\">major refinery fire in Martinez\u003c/a>, just across the Carquinez Strait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa health officials said Monday that they were sending a hazardous materials team to Martinez to monitor for any potential impacts from the Benicia fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Benicia Fire Department said it had also requested drone air monitoring from the Solano County Hazardous Materials Response Team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero said in a statement that emergency crews responded and are monitoring for air quality issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The safety of our workers and community is our priority, and we are coordinating with state and local authorities,” the company said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire comes just weeks after Valero executives announced they were considering \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037668/potential-valero-refinery-closure-leaves-benicia-state-officials-scrambling-to-pick-up-pieces\">closing the sprawling refinery\u003c/a> by next April.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery, which produces up to 145,000 barrels of crude oil a day, is the sixth largest in California, accounting for \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/data-reports/energy-almanac/californias-petroleum-market/californias-oil-refineries\">about 9%\u003c/a> of the state’s total capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, regional and state air regulators fined the company a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12011785/bay-area-air-district-hits-valeros-benicia-refinery-with-historic-82-million-fine\">record $82 million\u003c/a> for secretly exceeding toxic emissions standards for at least 15 years. And in March, Benicia officials voted unanimously to impose moderate \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12029845/benicia-moves-toward-tougher-oversight-of-valero-refinery\">new safety regulations\u003c/a> on the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Fox, the fire is another reason to be concerned about Valero’s safety record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think it’s acceptable,” Fox said. “I think Valero has tried to portray themselves as being safe, and they’ve proven time and time again that they’re not safe…. They don’t care about our safety. They’re just trying to make money and cut corners.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/jsmall\">Julie Small\u003c/a> contributed to this report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Tenderloin Welcomes Mental Health Clinic, Demands Broader City Action on Homelessness",
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"headTitle": "Tenderloin Welcomes Mental Health Clinic, Demands Broader City Action on Homelessness | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Diana Josefsson strolled down Geary Boulevard on a recent Monday morning with a box of donuts for the block’s newest residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighborly gesture was an olive branch. Josefsson was welcoming staff and future clients at the opening day of a new drop-in mental health stabilization center at 822 Geary. It’s the city’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12031581/first-look-sf-mayor-luries-yearlong-plan-homelessness-response\">latest effort to address street-level homelessness\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12029456/supervisors-probe-san-franciscos-crackdown-outdoor-drug-use-dealing\">crack down\u003c/a> on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034214/san-francisco-ends-health-programs-for-drug-users-not-active-in-treatment\">drug-related challenges\u003c/a> — issues locals say have been concentrated in the Tenderloin neighborhood for too long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really hope that this is successful for the city in addressing some of the problems which have been pretty horrific since the pandemic,” said Josefsson, who lives around the corner from the new facility in a Lower Nob Hill apartment, where she’s witnessed the neighborhood’s ups and downs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and other residents toured the facility last week and told KQED they’re cautiously optimistic about the site, which is still ramping up staffing and expanding from its current capacity of four clients to eventually serve 16 people, who can stay for 23 hours at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighbors are also urging other districts to shoulder their fair share in addressing the crises that have long been concentrated in the Tenderloin, South of Market and Bayview neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12026575 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250211_SFPOLICETRIAGE_GC-26-KQED-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really would like to see other neighborhoods take on some of these burdens. It can’t all get stuffed into the Tenderloin and Lower Nob Hill,” Josefsson said after dropping off the pastries. “A neighborhood has to be a mix of services as well as storefronts, housing and other elements that go into creating a healthy neighborhood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stabilization site is part of Mayor Daniel Lurie’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12031581/first-look-sf-mayor-luries-yearlong-plan-homelessness-response\">Breaking the Cycle\u003c/a>” program to reduce street homelessness and connect more people to drug treatment and mental health care. The site will be open 24 hours and primarily serve people experiencing mental health crises who don’t require an involuntary psychiatric hold, connecting them to next steps such as higher levels of care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Staff will also direct clients to a scarce number of shelter beds. The city recently announced it is opening 279 interim housing beds, a far cry from Lurie’s campaign promise to create 1,500 new shelter beds in his first six months in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038607\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038607\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-25-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-25-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-25-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-25-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-25-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-25-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-25-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Tenderloin neighborhood of San Francisco on May 2, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The site will provide a convenient drop-off point for police, paramedics and street crisis response teams, while alleviating overcrowded emergency rooms. It is staffed by nurses, doctors and behavioral health specialists who help clients stabilize during or after acute mental health emergencies, including those stemming from drug use, panic attacks, depression or suicidal ideation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have time to move slowly. If we want to help people who are struggling, we must act right now to get them off the streets and into treatment,” Lurie said at the ribbon-cutting ceremony. “That’s exactly what this 24–7 police-friendly stabilization center will be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The site is not yet fully operational. Construction was still underway during Monday’s soft-opening, as first-responders popped in to ask where to direct clients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038608\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038608\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-26-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-26-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-26-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-26-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-26-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-26-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-26-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A shelter made of cardboard boxes and blankets sits on a sidewalk in the Tenderloin neighborhood of San Francisco on May 2, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, it’s a stark contrast to a pop-up services center the city rapidly erected on Sixth Street earlier this year. Unlike that site — \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026575/a-new-triage-center-opened-in-san-francisco-but-questions-remain\">a cluster of tents and picnic tables in a former Nordstrom parking lot\u003c/a>, where staff hand out free coffee and referrals — 822 Geary resembles a modern health clinic. Soft lighting and exposed wood ceilings surround recliner chairs where clients can rest. They can also take showers, do laundry, get a hot meal and refill psychiatric medications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinical director Danny Hicks said the site opened up far faster than other locations typically do. That became possible after Lurie’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025495/luries-fentanyl-response-clears-san-francisco-board-of-supervisors\">fentanyl state of emergency ordinance\u003c/a> passed the Board of Supervisors in January, shortly after he took office. The measure allows Lurie to cut through red tape when hiring and contracting services aimed at overdoses and homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Public Health oversees the stabilization center, while Crestwood Behavioral Health Inc., which also operates the San Francisco Healing Center at St. Mary’s Hospital, will manage health care programs on site.[aside postID=news_12034214 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250218-SFDowntown-07-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg']“There’s been a huge push from the mayor and from DPH to open this program very early, so Crestwood is trying to do as best as we can to oblige,” Hicks told KQED on the facility’s first official day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re opening our doors at noon and primarily getting referrals from the street crisis team and figuring out that workflow in real time,” Hicks continued. “We want to eventually allow walk-ins. We will get there. However, we are in the nuts and bolts phase of opening and have to start serving this community in some capacity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The site at 822 Geary, a former Goodwill the city purchased in 2021, has reignited long-standing frustrations over how the Tenderloin has historically borne the brunt of homelessness, outdoor drug use and dealing and other systemic challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opinion in the neighborhood is divided, with some residents advocating for more shelter beds and low-barrier services to meet existing needs, while others resist further concentration of more facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, as the stabilization center prepared to open, some neighbors fought back against plans to extend two Tenderloin hotels, the Adante and the Monarch, as interim housing for homeless people for up to five more years. The city compromised, extending the leases for one year instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several supervisors are now taking the fight to City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038606\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038606\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-19-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-19-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-19-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-19-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-19-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-19-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-19-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A San Francisco Police Department officer drives through the Tenderloin neighborhood of San Francisco on May 2, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Bilal Mahmood, who represents the Tenderloin, is proposing an ordinance that would require the city to approve at least one new facility — such as a shelter, transitional housing, residential care or drug treatment program — in every supervisorial district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve overly concentrated (health and homelessness) services here for so long that there’s very little for the residents who live here to do,” Mahmood told KQED, adding that he supports the stabilization center. “This isn’t about taking people who live in the Tenderloin and moving them. This is about supporting your neighbors and giving them a place to stay when they fall on hard times.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He noted the Tenderloin is home to nearly 3,500 children and he wants to see toy stores, ice cream shops and other family-friendly businesses open alongside service providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal will be presented at the Board of Supervisors this week. Mahmood has support from supervisors representing SoMa, the Mission, North Beach, the Inner Sunset and parts of the West Side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have seen the city leadership put resources and services for our unhoused community in low income communities and communities of color for a long time. And that’s been problematic,” said Supervisor Shamann Walton, whose district includes Bayview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A safe parking site there recently \u003ca href=\"https://sfist.com/2025/03/03/its-curtains-for-the-bayview-rv-triage-center-closing-today-after-blowing-through-15-million/\">closed\u003c/a>, leaving families living in RVs to scatter across the city. Walton hopes the city can reopen the safe parking site or find an alternative, while expanding options across neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The unhoused problem is a San Francisco problem, and so we all need to step up and play a role in addressing and providing services for this population,” Walton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038605\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038605\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-18-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-18-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-18-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-18-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-18-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-18-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-18-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Tenderloin neighborhood of San Francisco on May 2, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Myrna Melgar, who represents West Portal, Park Merced and other West Side communities, is also backing the proposal. Homelessness has increased in her district in recent years, particularly among people living in cars and RVs. But unlike in the Tenderloin or Bayview, many West Side neighborhoods lack homeless outreach crews, shelters or other low-barrier mental health services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Melgar recalled a man from the Ingleside Terraces neighborhood who struggled with mental illness and substance use, becoming homeless after his family sold their home. He later died on the street in the neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reality is folks are on our streets suffering,” Melgar said. “We have no services in District 7 — like none. For me, this is not so much about sharing the load, it’s about serving the people we have here who are obviously in distress and getting worse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some supervisors representing wealthier, more resistant districts have yet to sign on. District 2 Supervisor Stephen Sherrill, who represents the Marina, praised the opening of 822 Geary, but has not expressed support for Mahmood’s plan. He did not respond to requests for comment on expanding mental health and homeless services citywide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lurie is weighing in delicately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our team has been implementing a data-driven strategy to identify the right sites to meet the needs of those in crisis on our streets,” said Charles Lutvak, a spokesperson for the mayor. “We will continue working with Supervisor Mahmood and the entire board to build on that strategy and give people struggling on our streets a better option.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Diana Josefsson strolled down Geary Boulevard on a recent Monday morning with a box of donuts for the block’s newest residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighborly gesture was an olive branch. Josefsson was welcoming staff and future clients at the opening day of a new drop-in mental health stabilization center at 822 Geary. It’s the city’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12031581/first-look-sf-mayor-luries-yearlong-plan-homelessness-response\">latest effort to address street-level homelessness\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12029456/supervisors-probe-san-franciscos-crackdown-outdoor-drug-use-dealing\">crack down\u003c/a> on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034214/san-francisco-ends-health-programs-for-drug-users-not-active-in-treatment\">drug-related challenges\u003c/a> — issues locals say have been concentrated in the Tenderloin neighborhood for too long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really hope that this is successful for the city in addressing some of the problems which have been pretty horrific since the pandemic,” said Josefsson, who lives around the corner from the new facility in a Lower Nob Hill apartment, where she’s witnessed the neighborhood’s ups and downs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and other residents toured the facility last week and told KQED they’re cautiously optimistic about the site, which is still ramping up staffing and expanding from its current capacity of four clients to eventually serve 16 people, who can stay for 23 hours at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighbors are also urging other districts to shoulder their fair share in addressing the crises that have long been concentrated in the Tenderloin, South of Market and Bayview neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really would like to see other neighborhoods take on some of these burdens. It can’t all get stuffed into the Tenderloin and Lower Nob Hill,” Josefsson said after dropping off the pastries. “A neighborhood has to be a mix of services as well as storefronts, housing and other elements that go into creating a healthy neighborhood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stabilization site is part of Mayor Daniel Lurie’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12031581/first-look-sf-mayor-luries-yearlong-plan-homelessness-response\">Breaking the Cycle\u003c/a>” program to reduce street homelessness and connect more people to drug treatment and mental health care. The site will be open 24 hours and primarily serve people experiencing mental health crises who don’t require an involuntary psychiatric hold, connecting them to next steps such as higher levels of care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Staff will also direct clients to a scarce number of shelter beds. The city recently announced it is opening 279 interim housing beds, a far cry from Lurie’s campaign promise to create 1,500 new shelter beds in his first six months in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038607\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038607\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-25-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-25-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-25-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-25-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-25-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-25-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-25-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Tenderloin neighborhood of San Francisco on May 2, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The site will provide a convenient drop-off point for police, paramedics and street crisis response teams, while alleviating overcrowded emergency rooms. It is staffed by nurses, doctors and behavioral health specialists who help clients stabilize during or after acute mental health emergencies, including those stemming from drug use, panic attacks, depression or suicidal ideation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have time to move slowly. If we want to help people who are struggling, we must act right now to get them off the streets and into treatment,” Lurie said at the ribbon-cutting ceremony. “That’s exactly what this 24–7 police-friendly stabilization center will be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The site is not yet fully operational. Construction was still underway during Monday’s soft-opening, as first-responders popped in to ask where to direct clients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038608\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038608\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-26-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-26-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-26-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-26-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-26-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-26-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-26-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A shelter made of cardboard boxes and blankets sits on a sidewalk in the Tenderloin neighborhood of San Francisco on May 2, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, it’s a stark contrast to a pop-up services center the city rapidly erected on Sixth Street earlier this year. Unlike that site — \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026575/a-new-triage-center-opened-in-san-francisco-but-questions-remain\">a cluster of tents and picnic tables in a former Nordstrom parking lot\u003c/a>, where staff hand out free coffee and referrals — 822 Geary resembles a modern health clinic. Soft lighting and exposed wood ceilings surround recliner chairs where clients can rest. They can also take showers, do laundry, get a hot meal and refill psychiatric medications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinical director Danny Hicks said the site opened up far faster than other locations typically do. That became possible after Lurie’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025495/luries-fentanyl-response-clears-san-francisco-board-of-supervisors\">fentanyl state of emergency ordinance\u003c/a> passed the Board of Supervisors in January, shortly after he took office. The measure allows Lurie to cut through red tape when hiring and contracting services aimed at overdoses and homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Public Health oversees the stabilization center, while Crestwood Behavioral Health Inc., which also operates the San Francisco Healing Center at St. Mary’s Hospital, will manage health care programs on site.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“There’s been a huge push from the mayor and from DPH to open this program very early, so Crestwood is trying to do as best as we can to oblige,” Hicks told KQED on the facility’s first official day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re opening our doors at noon and primarily getting referrals from the street crisis team and figuring out that workflow in real time,” Hicks continued. “We want to eventually allow walk-ins. We will get there. However, we are in the nuts and bolts phase of opening and have to start serving this community in some capacity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The site at 822 Geary, a former Goodwill the city purchased in 2021, has reignited long-standing frustrations over how the Tenderloin has historically borne the brunt of homelessness, outdoor drug use and dealing and other systemic challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opinion in the neighborhood is divided, with some residents advocating for more shelter beds and low-barrier services to meet existing needs, while others resist further concentration of more facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, as the stabilization center prepared to open, some neighbors fought back against plans to extend two Tenderloin hotels, the Adante and the Monarch, as interim housing for homeless people for up to five more years. The city compromised, extending the leases for one year instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several supervisors are now taking the fight to City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038606\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038606\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-19-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-19-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-19-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-19-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-19-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-19-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-19-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A San Francisco Police Department officer drives through the Tenderloin neighborhood of San Francisco on May 2, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Bilal Mahmood, who represents the Tenderloin, is proposing an ordinance that would require the city to approve at least one new facility — such as a shelter, transitional housing, residential care or drug treatment program — in every supervisorial district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve overly concentrated (health and homelessness) services here for so long that there’s very little for the residents who live here to do,” Mahmood told KQED, adding that he supports the stabilization center. “This isn’t about taking people who live in the Tenderloin and moving them. This is about supporting your neighbors and giving them a place to stay when they fall on hard times.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He noted the Tenderloin is home to nearly 3,500 children and he wants to see toy stores, ice cream shops and other family-friendly businesses open alongside service providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal will be presented at the Board of Supervisors this week. Mahmood has support from supervisors representing SoMa, the Mission, North Beach, the Inner Sunset and parts of the West Side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have seen the city leadership put resources and services for our unhoused community in low income communities and communities of color for a long time. And that’s been problematic,” said Supervisor Shamann Walton, whose district includes Bayview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A safe parking site there recently \u003ca href=\"https://sfist.com/2025/03/03/its-curtains-for-the-bayview-rv-triage-center-closing-today-after-blowing-through-15-million/\">closed\u003c/a>, leaving families living in RVs to scatter across the city. Walton hopes the city can reopen the safe parking site or find an alternative, while expanding options across neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The unhoused problem is a San Francisco problem, and so we all need to step up and play a role in addressing and providing services for this population,” Walton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038605\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038605\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-18-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-18-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-18-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-18-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-18-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-18-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250502-TENDERLOINTRIAGECENTER-18-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Tenderloin neighborhood of San Francisco on May 2, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Myrna Melgar, who represents West Portal, Park Merced and other West Side communities, is also backing the proposal. Homelessness has increased in her district in recent years, particularly among people living in cars and RVs. But unlike in the Tenderloin or Bayview, many West Side neighborhoods lack homeless outreach crews, shelters or other low-barrier mental health services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Melgar recalled a man from the Ingleside Terraces neighborhood who struggled with mental illness and substance use, becoming homeless after his family sold their home. He later died on the street in the neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reality is folks are on our streets suffering,” Melgar said. “We have no services in District 7 — like none. For me, this is not so much about sharing the load, it’s about serving the people we have here who are obviously in distress and getting worse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some supervisors representing wealthier, more resistant districts have yet to sign on. District 2 Supervisor Stephen Sherrill, who represents the Marina, praised the opening of 822 Geary, but has not expressed support for Mahmood’s plan. He did not respond to requests for comment on expanding mental health and homeless services citywide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lurie is weighing in delicately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our team has been implementing a data-driven strategy to identify the right sites to meet the needs of those in crisis on our streets,” said Charles Lutvak, a spokesperson for the mayor. “We will continue working with Supervisor Mahmood and the entire board to build on that strategy and give people struggling on our streets a better option.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>You swore you were done with the emotionally unavailable type. Or the fixers. Or the charmers who vanish when things get real. But somehow you’re back in the same dynamic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If this sounds familiar, we want to hear from you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s \u003cem>Love Lab\u003c/em> blends science with real stories to explore our most intimate patterns. This month’s question: Why do we keep dating the same kind of person even when we know better?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If that question hits a nerve — or brings up a story — we’d love to hear it. Your voice could be featured in an upcoming episode — with your permission, of course.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Here are three ways to share your story:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Fill out the short form below\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Record a one-minute voice memo and email it to lmcclurg@kqed.org\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Or leave us a voicemail at 415-553-3300\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Please include your name, location, age and the best way to reach you. The information you share will only be used by KQED journalists who may follow up for a deeper conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thank you for your honesty. We will try to help you untangle the pattern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf_XJQvTlrSYP5Q77_0CBRYaQ2dW9EFLycRR_-rquBrs4-k7A/viewform?embedded=true\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>Imagine you’re a lonely 14-year-old. Maybe you want to talk about sex. Maybe you want to complain about school or ask about the voices in your head. Whatever the case, it’s appealing to imagine a context in which no adult shuts down your curiosity — or worse, makes you feel awkward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of this explains the popularity of online companions to children and teens. The chatbots mimic human social interaction in a more sophisticated fashion than digital assistants like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/openai\">OpenAI\u003c/a>’s ChatGPT or Amazon’s Alexa. Unlike those assistants, chatbots are much more likely to veer into socially controversial and even illegal territory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companion chatbot users can personalize their experience, like opting for characters from gaming, anime and pop culture. For instance, a 14-year-old boy from Florida \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034490/ai-companions-seductive-risk-teens-senators-want-more-guardrails\">took his own life last year\u003c/a> after growing emotionally close to a chatbot that mimicked the “Game of Thrones” character \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YbuBfizSnPk\">Daenerys Targaryen\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The characters play along with the idea that they’re almost human, talking about eating meals or meeting up in real life, actively encouraging users to stay engaged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What could go wrong with minors using this technology? Plenty, according to researchers from Stanford School of Medicine’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.stanfordbrainstorm.com\">Brainstorm Lab for Mental Health Innovation\u003c/a>, who collaborated with \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/ai-ratings/social-ai-companions?gate=riskassessment\">Common Sense Media\u003c/a> to set up test accounts for 14-year-olds, to evaluate how software from three different chatbot developers interacts with young people struggling to learn impulse control and social skills. They report that it took minimal prompting to get Character.AI, Nomi and Replika chatbots to engage in behavior harmful to human mental health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11146714\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11146714 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Researchers from Stanford School of Medicine’s Brainstorm Lab for Mental Health Innovation, in collaboration with Common Sense Media, tested how chatbots interact with teens, finding that AI companions from Character.AI, Nomi and Replika quickly engaged in behavior potentially harmful to youth mental health — with major platforms like Snapchat and Meta also expanding their AI offerings for young users. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We did not have to do backflips to get the models to perform in the way that they did. The AI ‘friends’ will actively participate in sexual conversations and role play on any topic, with graphic details,” said Robbie Torney, Common Sense Media’s senior director for AI programs and project lead on what the nonprofit organization calls a risk assessment of the AI companion chatbot sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Character.AI, Nomi and Replika are not the only companies developing these products. Snapchat offers AI digital companions who are willing to \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2023/03/14/snapchat-myai/\">talk to teens\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/tech/ai/meta-ai-chatbots-sex-a25311bf\">Meta\u003c/a> is racing to catch up across Instagram, Facebook and WhatsApp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are countless other, similar social AI companions out there, with more being created every day,” the report states. “So, while we use examples from the specific products we tested to illustrate the potential harms of these tools, the research and evaluation we conducted for this risk assessment covers social AI companions more broadly.”[aside postID=science_1996504 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/03/IMG_0962-1020x765.jpg']The researchers argue that one of the most troubling features of companion chatbots is the way they are hardwired to be agreeable, engaging with a population of humans hardwired to be vulnerable. According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nami.org/about-mental-illness/mental-health-conditions/\">National Alliance on Mental Illness\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15939837\">50\u003c/a> percent of all mental disorders, like cutting, suicidal ideation and schizophrenia, begin by age 14, 75 percent by age 24.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chatbots “blur the line between fantasy and reality, at the exact time when adolescents are developing critical skills like emotional regulation, identity formation, and healthy relational attachment,” said Dr. Nina Vasan, a professor of psychiatry at Stanford University. “Instead of encouraging healthy real-world relationships, these AI friends pull users even deeper into artificial ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companion chatbots, the researchers warn, are not prepared to replace parents or professionals in identifying the first signs of something that requires speedy and effective treatment. “In our testing, when a user showed signs of serious mental illness and suggested a dangerous action, the AI did not intervene. In fact, it encouraged dangerous behavior,” Vasan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AI companions reinforced users’ delusions, validating fears of being followed and offering advice on decoding imaginary messages, researchers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“AI companions don’t understand the real consequences of bad advice. They readily, in our testing, supported teens in making potentially harmful decisions like dropping out of school, ignoring parents, moving out without planning,” Torney added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12036125\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12036125\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Meta, Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, Messenger and Threads logos are screened on a mobile phone on Jan. 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beata Zawrzel/NurPhoto via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The timing of this release is no accident. Common Sense Media supports two state bills this legislative session that would ban or restrict interactions between AI companion bots and minors. The bills are among several state-level efforts by consumer advocates and lawmakers to regulate online kids’ safety after the federal Kids Online Safety Act died last fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billCompareClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1064&showamends=false\">AB 1064\u003c/a> by Rebecca Bauer-Kahan, D-Orinda, would ban access to AI companions for Californians age 16 and under, as well as create a statewide standards board to assess and regulate AI tools used by children. The bill passed the Assembly Judiciary Committee on Tuesday. It’s headed next to the Assembly Appropriations Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billCompareClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB243&showamends=false\">SB 243\u003c/a> by Sen. Steve Padilla, D-San Diego, would require the makers of AI companion bots to limit addictive design features, put in protocols in place for handling discussions of suicide or self-harm and undergo regular compliance audits. The bill goes before the State Judiciary Committee on Wednesday.[aside postID=news_12034490 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/PadillaMentalHealthCaucus-1020x680.jpg']“We have been very transparent about the work we are doing to prioritize teen safety on our platform,” a spokesperson for Character.AI, which makes its products available to customers as young as 13 in the United States, said in a statement. “First and foremost, last year, we launched a separate version of our Large Language Model for under-18 users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That model is designed to further reduce the likelihood of users encountering, or prompting the model to return, sensitive or suggestive content,” the spokesperson continued. “We have updated prominent disclaimers to make it even clearer that the Character is not a real person and should not be relied on as fact or advice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alex Cardinell, the founder and CEO of Nomi, said the company agrees that “children should not use Nomi or any other conversational AI app.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nomi is an adult-only app, and it is strictly against our terms of service for anyone under 18 to use Nomi,” Cardinell said in an email. “Accordingly, we support stronger age gating so long as those mechanisms fully maintain user privacy and anonymity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Replika spokesperson said the company’s tool “has always been intended solely for adults aged 18 and over.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have strict protocols in place to prevent underage access. However, we are aware that some individuals attempt to bypass these safeguards by submitting false information,” the spokesperson wrote. “We take this issue seriously and are actively exploring new methods to strengthen our protections. This includes ongoing collaboration with regulators and academic institutions to better understand user behavior and continuously improve safety measures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The risk assessment authors did acknowledge that not all AI models are created equal in terms of functionality or guardrails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vasan said she interacted with ChatGPT last summer, prompting it to respond to signs of schizophrenia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was actually very gentle and compassionate about explaining what psychosis was, how the user should try to get help contacting a mental health professional,” Vasan said. “I was very pleasantly surprised to see it was really what one would expect a doctor or someone trained in mental health to say.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "Kids Are Talking to AI Companion Chatbots. Stanford Researchers Say That’s a Bad Idea. | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Imagine you’re a lonely 14-year-old. Maybe you want to talk about sex. Maybe you want to complain about school or ask about the voices in your head. Whatever the case, it’s appealing to imagine a context in which no adult shuts down your curiosity — or worse, makes you feel awkward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of this explains the popularity of online companions to children and teens. The chatbots mimic human social interaction in a more sophisticated fashion than digital assistants like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/openai\">OpenAI\u003c/a>’s ChatGPT or Amazon’s Alexa. Unlike those assistants, chatbots are much more likely to veer into socially controversial and even illegal territory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companion chatbot users can personalize their experience, like opting for characters from gaming, anime and pop culture. For instance, a 14-year-old boy from Florida \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034490/ai-companions-seductive-risk-teens-senators-want-more-guardrails\">took his own life last year\u003c/a> after growing emotionally close to a chatbot that mimicked the “Game of Thrones” character \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YbuBfizSnPk\">Daenerys Targaryen\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The characters play along with the idea that they’re almost human, talking about eating meals or meeting up in real life, actively encouraging users to stay engaged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What could go wrong with minors using this technology? Plenty, according to researchers from Stanford School of Medicine’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.stanfordbrainstorm.com\">Brainstorm Lab for Mental Health Innovation\u003c/a>, who collaborated with \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/ai-ratings/social-ai-companions?gate=riskassessment\">Common Sense Media\u003c/a> to set up test accounts for 14-year-olds, to evaluate how software from three different chatbot developers interacts with young people struggling to learn impulse control and social skills. They report that it took minimal prompting to get Character.AI, Nomi and Replika chatbots to engage in behavior harmful to human mental health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11146714\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11146714 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/11146713-thumb-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Researchers from Stanford School of Medicine’s Brainstorm Lab for Mental Health Innovation, in collaboration with Common Sense Media, tested how chatbots interact with teens, finding that AI companions from Character.AI, Nomi and Replika quickly engaged in behavior potentially harmful to youth mental health — with major platforms like Snapchat and Meta also expanding their AI offerings for young users. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We did not have to do backflips to get the models to perform in the way that they did. The AI ‘friends’ will actively participate in sexual conversations and role play on any topic, with graphic details,” said Robbie Torney, Common Sense Media’s senior director for AI programs and project lead on what the nonprofit organization calls a risk assessment of the AI companion chatbot sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Character.AI, Nomi and Replika are not the only companies developing these products. Snapchat offers AI digital companions who are willing to \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2023/03/14/snapchat-myai/\">talk to teens\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/tech/ai/meta-ai-chatbots-sex-a25311bf\">Meta\u003c/a> is racing to catch up across Instagram, Facebook and WhatsApp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are countless other, similar social AI companions out there, with more being created every day,” the report states. “So, while we use examples from the specific products we tested to illustrate the potential harms of these tools, the research and evaluation we conducted for this risk assessment covers social AI companions more broadly.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The researchers argue that one of the most troubling features of companion chatbots is the way they are hardwired to be agreeable, engaging with a population of humans hardwired to be vulnerable. According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nami.org/about-mental-illness/mental-health-conditions/\">National Alliance on Mental Illness\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15939837\">50\u003c/a> percent of all mental disorders, like cutting, suicidal ideation and schizophrenia, begin by age 14, 75 percent by age 24.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chatbots “blur the line between fantasy and reality, at the exact time when adolescents are developing critical skills like emotional regulation, identity formation, and healthy relational attachment,” said Dr. Nina Vasan, a professor of psychiatry at Stanford University. “Instead of encouraging healthy real-world relationships, these AI friends pull users even deeper into artificial ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companion chatbots, the researchers warn, are not prepared to replace parents or professionals in identifying the first signs of something that requires speedy and effective treatment. “In our testing, when a user showed signs of serious mental illness and suggested a dangerous action, the AI did not intervene. In fact, it encouraged dangerous behavior,” Vasan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AI companions reinforced users’ delusions, validating fears of being followed and offering advice on decoding imaginary messages, researchers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“AI companions don’t understand the real consequences of bad advice. They readily, in our testing, supported teens in making potentially harmful decisions like dropping out of school, ignoring parents, moving out without planning,” Torney added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12036125\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12036125\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/MetaGetty2-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Meta, Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, Messenger and Threads logos are screened on a mobile phone on Jan. 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beata Zawrzel/NurPhoto via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The timing of this release is no accident. Common Sense Media supports two state bills this legislative session that would ban or restrict interactions between AI companion bots and minors. The bills are among several state-level efforts by consumer advocates and lawmakers to regulate online kids’ safety after the federal Kids Online Safety Act died last fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billCompareClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB1064&showamends=false\">AB 1064\u003c/a> by Rebecca Bauer-Kahan, D-Orinda, would ban access to AI companions for Californians age 16 and under, as well as create a statewide standards board to assess and regulate AI tools used by children. The bill passed the Assembly Judiciary Committee on Tuesday. It’s headed next to the Assembly Appropriations Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billCompareClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB243&showamends=false\">SB 243\u003c/a> by Sen. Steve Padilla, D-San Diego, would require the makers of AI companion bots to limit addictive design features, put in protocols in place for handling discussions of suicide or self-harm and undergo regular compliance audits. The bill goes before the State Judiciary Committee on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We have been very transparent about the work we are doing to prioritize teen safety on our platform,” a spokesperson for Character.AI, which makes its products available to customers as young as 13 in the United States, said in a statement. “First and foremost, last year, we launched a separate version of our Large Language Model for under-18 users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That model is designed to further reduce the likelihood of users encountering, or prompting the model to return, sensitive or suggestive content,” the spokesperson continued. “We have updated prominent disclaimers to make it even clearer that the Character is not a real person and should not be relied on as fact or advice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alex Cardinell, the founder and CEO of Nomi, said the company agrees that “children should not use Nomi or any other conversational AI app.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nomi is an adult-only app, and it is strictly against our terms of service for anyone under 18 to use Nomi,” Cardinell said in an email. “Accordingly, we support stronger age gating so long as those mechanisms fully maintain user privacy and anonymity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Replika spokesperson said the company’s tool “has always been intended solely for adults aged 18 and over.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have strict protocols in place to prevent underage access. However, we are aware that some individuals attempt to bypass these safeguards by submitting false information,” the spokesperson wrote. “We take this issue seriously and are actively exploring new methods to strengthen our protections. This includes ongoing collaboration with regulators and academic institutions to better understand user behavior and continuously improve safety measures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The risk assessment authors did acknowledge that not all AI models are created equal in terms of functionality or guardrails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vasan said she interacted with ChatGPT last summer, prompting it to respond to signs of schizophrenia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was actually very gentle and compassionate about explaining what psychosis was, how the user should try to get help contacting a mental health professional,” Vasan said. “I was very pleasantly surprised to see it was really what one would expect a doctor or someone trained in mental health to say.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Potential Valero Refinery Closure Leaves Benicia, State Officials Scrambling for Alternatives",
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"content": "\u003cp>A week after Valero \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036695/shocking-news-valero-announces-plans-to-end-operations-at-benicia-refinery\">announced plans\u003c/a> to “idle, restructure or cease” operations at its massive Benicia oil refinery by next April, company executives said that while the plant’s closure was more than likely, it was not yet a foregone conclusion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://seekingalpha.com/article/4777736-valero-energy-corporation-vlo-q1-2025-earnings-call-transcript\">earnings call\u003c/a> Thursday, Valero executives left open the possibility of a Hail Mary, saying they had plans to meet with state and local officials to discuss potential options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do think there’s a genuine interest in California to avoid the closure,” Richard Walsh, Valero’s executive vice president, said during the call. But he quickly added, “Our current intent right now is to close the refinery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero CEO Lane Riggs cited California’s tough “regulatory and enforcement environment” as the main driver behind the company’s intent to cease operations at the sprawling North Bay facility. The sixth-largest refinery in the state, it currently produces up to 145,000 barrels of crude oil a day, accounting for \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/data-reports/energy-almanac/californias-petroleum-market/californias-oil-refineries\">about 9%\u003c/a> of the state’s production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California has been pursuing policies to move away from fossil fuels for really the past 20 years,” Riggs said, calling the state’s regulations “the most stringent and difficult of anywhere else in North America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benicia Mayor Steve Young doesn’t disagree with the assessment, but said he wishes the company had provided more lead time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12036242 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/ValeroBenicia-1020x765.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to get moving on this quickly because 12 months is not a long time given the severity of the economic impact,” said Young, noting that nearly 20% of Benicia’s $60 million budget comes from the refinery. “I think that’s part of my frustration, is how little time we have to try to plan for some kind of an alternative.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shutting down the facility, he added, would also be a major blow to the hundreds of residents who work there, not to mention the scores of restaurants, hotels and other businesses that provide services to those workers in this city of some 27,000 residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Valero refinery is also the exclusive supplier of jet fuel to nearby Travis Air Force Base, which it delivers through a direct pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If that is stopped, what does that mean to the base?” Young said. “Travis uses an amazing amount of fuel to fly all their planes, much more than can be easily replaced, and certainly not replaced within a year. So I think that this becomes a matter of real concern to the Defense Department and it’s potentially a national security issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero dropped its bombshell April 16 announcement roughly six months after regional and state air regulators fined the company a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12011785/bay-area-air-district-hits-valeros-benicia-refinery-with-historic-82-million-fine\">record $82 million\u003c/a> for secretly exceeding toxic emissions standards for at least 15 years. And last month, city leaders voted unanimously to impose moderate \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12029845/benicia-moves-toward-tougher-oversight-of-valero-refinery\">new safety regulations\u003c/a> on the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11906319\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 345px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11906319\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/BeniciaRefinery.png\" alt=\"Map showing location of Valero's Benicia refinery\" width=\"345\" height=\"362\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/BeniciaRefinery.png 940w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/BeniciaRefinery-800x839.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/BeniciaRefinery-160x168.png 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 345px) 100vw, 345px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u003ci>Map by Matthew Green/KQED\u003c/i>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I suspect that compared to other refinery operators, they’re a pretty good business operator. But they’ve also had a pretty bad track record on public safety,” said Terry Mollica, who leads a group of residents that pushed for the city’s new safety rules to increase oversight of the refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mollica said that he doesn’t think anybody in his group is particularly excited about the possibility of the facility closing altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There would be long-term and short-term impacts on the community,” he said. “People would lose their jobs. None of us want to see that happen particularly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero has owned and operated the Benicia refinery since 2000. The refinery was originally built in 1968 for Humble Oil, later called Exxon, and began operations the following year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its possible closure comes amid a growing exodus of traditional oil refiners in California. \u003ca href=\"https://biodieselmagazine.com/articles/phillips-66-rodeo-conversion-project-to-begin-operations-in-q1\">Phillips 66’s refinery in Rodeo\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://biodieselmagazine.com/articles/marathon-martinez-biorefinery-to-reach-full-capacity-by-year-end\">Marathon’s facility in Martinez \u003c/a>both recently converted operations to biofuel production. Phillips 66 also \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2024-10-16/phillips-66-will-shut-historic-wilmington-refinery\">plans to close\u003c/a> its Los Angeles-area refinery — the seventh largest in the state — later this year.[aside postID=news_12011785 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Refinery-1920x1440.jpg']And Valero executives, in this week’s earnings call, hinted that they may also soon consider “strategic alternatives” for the company’s only other California refinery, located near Los Angeles, which accounts for more than 5% of the state’s crude oil supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California is phasing out its gasoline consumption and refiners see that coming,” said Severin Borenstein, a UC Berkeley energy economist. “We should be seriously concerned about how all that gasoline supply is going to get replaced.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has dramatically reduced its reliance on fossil fuels in recent decades, but most residents still drive gas-powered cars and will continue to do so for years to come, Borenstein said, even though the state already has some of the highest gas prices in the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom underscored that sense of urgency this week \u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/GovNewsomLetterCECGunda.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in a letter (PDF)\u003c/a> to California Energy Commission Vice Chair Siva Gunda. He urged the commission to “redouble” its efforts to ensure refiners “continue to see the value in serving the California market, even as demand for fossil fuels continues its gradual decline over the coming decades.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am directing you … to reinforce the State’s openness to a collaborative relationship and our firm belief that Californians can be protected from price spikes and refiners can profitably operate in California — a market where demand for gasoline will still exist for years to come,” Newsom wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037805\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1947px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037805\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/174246469_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1947\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/174246469_qed.jpg 1947w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/174246469_qed-800x548.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/174246469_qed-1020x698.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/174246469_qed-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/174246469_qed-1536x1052.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/174246469_qed-1920x1315.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1947px) 100vw, 1947px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A customer prepares to pump gas into his truck at a Valero gas station on July 22, 2013 in Mill Valley. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Almost immediately after Valero’s announcement, Newsom was lambasted by state Assembly Republicans, who said the potential closure was among the growing number of “real-world consequences” of [his] war on California energy producers that was “becoming clearer by the day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his letter, Newsom defended two different laws he signed in the last two years that give the state more oversight of the oil industry and regulate backup supply when refineries go offline in order to prevent market irregularities. He also asked state energy and environmental officials to produce a report by July 1 on “any changes in the State’s approach that are needed to ensure adequate supply during this transition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The California Energy Commission continues to be committed to working with stakeholders to explore options to ensure an affordable, reliable, and safe transportation fuel supply,” Sandy Louey, a spokesperson for the commission, said in an email in response to Newsom’s letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young, whose city has long felt the health impacts of the refinery’s toxic releases, said he understands the motivation behind California’s ambitious regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think certainly [California’s] done them for lots of good environmental reasons, and that obviously climate change is a real thing and burning fossil fuels is a direct contributor to it,” he said. “Did they go too far? I don’t want to say that. But it certainly has created an environment where oil companies feel that either they’ve been unfairly targeted or they are just seeing this as perhaps a way to negotiate some rollbacks of some of those things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young acknowledged that the refinery’s closure would yield some “net benefit” to the health and safety of his community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And so from an environmental point of view, sure, it’s certainly possible to look at it as a silver lining,” he said. “But overall, given how quick this is unfolding, I’m certainly not celebrating it by any means.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A week after Valero \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036695/shocking-news-valero-announces-plans-to-end-operations-at-benicia-refinery\">announced plans\u003c/a> to “idle, restructure or cease” operations at its massive Benicia oil refinery by next April, company executives said that while the plant’s closure was more than likely, it was not yet a foregone conclusion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://seekingalpha.com/article/4777736-valero-energy-corporation-vlo-q1-2025-earnings-call-transcript\">earnings call\u003c/a> Thursday, Valero executives left open the possibility of a Hail Mary, saying they had plans to meet with state and local officials to discuss potential options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do think there’s a genuine interest in California to avoid the closure,” Richard Walsh, Valero’s executive vice president, said during the call. But he quickly added, “Our current intent right now is to close the refinery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero CEO Lane Riggs cited California’s tough “regulatory and enforcement environment” as the main driver behind the company’s intent to cease operations at the sprawling North Bay facility. The sixth-largest refinery in the state, it currently produces up to 145,000 barrels of crude oil a day, accounting for \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/data-reports/energy-almanac/californias-petroleum-market/californias-oil-refineries\">about 9%\u003c/a> of the state’s production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California has been pursuing policies to move away from fossil fuels for really the past 20 years,” Riggs said, calling the state’s regulations “the most stringent and difficult of anywhere else in North America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benicia Mayor Steve Young doesn’t disagree with the assessment, but said he wishes the company had provided more lead time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to get moving on this quickly because 12 months is not a long time given the severity of the economic impact,” said Young, noting that nearly 20% of Benicia’s $60 million budget comes from the refinery. “I think that’s part of my frustration, is how little time we have to try to plan for some kind of an alternative.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shutting down the facility, he added, would also be a major blow to the hundreds of residents who work there, not to mention the scores of restaurants, hotels and other businesses that provide services to those workers in this city of some 27,000 residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Valero refinery is also the exclusive supplier of jet fuel to nearby Travis Air Force Base, which it delivers through a direct pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If that is stopped, what does that mean to the base?” Young said. “Travis uses an amazing amount of fuel to fly all their planes, much more than can be easily replaced, and certainly not replaced within a year. So I think that this becomes a matter of real concern to the Defense Department and it’s potentially a national security issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero dropped its bombshell April 16 announcement roughly six months after regional and state air regulators fined the company a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12011785/bay-area-air-district-hits-valeros-benicia-refinery-with-historic-82-million-fine\">record $82 million\u003c/a> for secretly exceeding toxic emissions standards for at least 15 years. And last month, city leaders voted unanimously to impose moderate \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12029845/benicia-moves-toward-tougher-oversight-of-valero-refinery\">new safety regulations\u003c/a> on the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11906319\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 345px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11906319\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/BeniciaRefinery.png\" alt=\"Map showing location of Valero's Benicia refinery\" width=\"345\" height=\"362\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/BeniciaRefinery.png 940w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/BeniciaRefinery-800x839.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/BeniciaRefinery-160x168.png 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 345px) 100vw, 345px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u003ci>Map by Matthew Green/KQED\u003c/i>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I suspect that compared to other refinery operators, they’re a pretty good business operator. But they’ve also had a pretty bad track record on public safety,” said Terry Mollica, who leads a group of residents that pushed for the city’s new safety rules to increase oversight of the refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mollica said that he doesn’t think anybody in his group is particularly excited about the possibility of the facility closing altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There would be long-term and short-term impacts on the community,” he said. “People would lose their jobs. None of us want to see that happen particularly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero has owned and operated the Benicia refinery since 2000. The refinery was originally built in 1968 for Humble Oil, later called Exxon, and began operations the following year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its possible closure comes amid a growing exodus of traditional oil refiners in California. \u003ca href=\"https://biodieselmagazine.com/articles/phillips-66-rodeo-conversion-project-to-begin-operations-in-q1\">Phillips 66’s refinery in Rodeo\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://biodieselmagazine.com/articles/marathon-martinez-biorefinery-to-reach-full-capacity-by-year-end\">Marathon’s facility in Martinez \u003c/a>both recently converted operations to biofuel production. Phillips 66 also \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2024-10-16/phillips-66-will-shut-historic-wilmington-refinery\">plans to close\u003c/a> its Los Angeles-area refinery — the seventh largest in the state — later this year.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>And Valero executives, in this week’s earnings call, hinted that they may also soon consider “strategic alternatives” for the company’s only other California refinery, located near Los Angeles, which accounts for more than 5% of the state’s crude oil supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California is phasing out its gasoline consumption and refiners see that coming,” said Severin Borenstein, a UC Berkeley energy economist. “We should be seriously concerned about how all that gasoline supply is going to get replaced.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has dramatically reduced its reliance on fossil fuels in recent decades, but most residents still drive gas-powered cars and will continue to do so for years to come, Borenstein said, even though the state already has some of the highest gas prices in the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom underscored that sense of urgency this week \u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/GovNewsomLetterCECGunda.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in a letter (PDF)\u003c/a> to California Energy Commission Vice Chair Siva Gunda. He urged the commission to “redouble” its efforts to ensure refiners “continue to see the value in serving the California market, even as demand for fossil fuels continues its gradual decline over the coming decades.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am directing you … to reinforce the State’s openness to a collaborative relationship and our firm belief that Californians can be protected from price spikes and refiners can profitably operate in California — a market where demand for gasoline will still exist for years to come,” Newsom wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037805\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1947px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037805\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/174246469_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1947\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/174246469_qed.jpg 1947w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/174246469_qed-800x548.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/174246469_qed-1020x698.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/174246469_qed-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/174246469_qed-1536x1052.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/174246469_qed-1920x1315.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1947px) 100vw, 1947px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A customer prepares to pump gas into his truck at a Valero gas station on July 22, 2013 in Mill Valley. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Almost immediately after Valero’s announcement, Newsom was lambasted by state Assembly Republicans, who said the potential closure was among the growing number of “real-world consequences” of [his] war on California energy producers that was “becoming clearer by the day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his letter, Newsom defended two different laws he signed in the last two years that give the state more oversight of the oil industry and regulate backup supply when refineries go offline in order to prevent market irregularities. He also asked state energy and environmental officials to produce a report by July 1 on “any changes in the State’s approach that are needed to ensure adequate supply during this transition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The California Energy Commission continues to be committed to working with stakeholders to explore options to ensure an affordable, reliable, and safe transportation fuel supply,” Sandy Louey, a spokesperson for the commission, said in an email in response to Newsom’s letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young, whose city has long felt the health impacts of the refinery’s toxic releases, said he understands the motivation behind California’s ambitious regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think certainly [California’s] done them for lots of good environmental reasons, and that obviously climate change is a real thing and burning fossil fuels is a direct contributor to it,” he said. “Did they go too far? I don’t want to say that. But it certainly has created an environment where oil companies feel that either they’ve been unfairly targeted or they are just seeing this as perhaps a way to negotiate some rollbacks of some of those things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young acknowledged that the refinery’s closure would yield some “net benefit” to the health and safety of his community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And so from an environmental point of view, sure, it’s certainly possible to look at it as a silver lining,” he said. “But overall, given how quick this is unfolding, I’m certainly not celebrating it by any means.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "RFK Jr. Announced a Phase-Out of ‘Poisonous’ Food Dyes. Critics Say the Plan Lacks Teeth",
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"headTitle": "RFK Jr. Announced a Phase-Out of ‘Poisonous’ Food Dyes. Critics Say the Plan Lacks Teeth | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">Trump administration\u003c/a> announced a major food safety initiative this week: a plan to phase out eight petroleum-based synthetic food dyes from the U.S. food supply. The policy, led by Health and Human Services Secretary \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/robert-f-kennedy-jr\">Robert F. Kennedy Jr.\u003c/a> and the Food and Drug Administration, marks a dramatic escalation in federal attention to artificial additives that health advocates say may pose risks to children’s health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a news conference, Kennedy described the plan as part of the administration’s “Make America Healthy Again” initiative, calling synthetic dyes “poisonous compounds” that offer no nutritional value. “That era is coming to an end,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA says it will revoke authorization for two dyes — Citrus Red No. 2 and Orange B — in the coming months, and work with manufacturers to eliminate six additional dyes by the end of 2026. These include Red 40, Yellow 5, Yellow 6, Blue 1, Blue 2 and Green 3. Red Dye No. 3, some of which California and other states have already outlawed, is also targeted for accelerated removal. The plan includes fast-tracking approval of natural alternatives like butterfly pea flower extract, gardenia blue and blue Galdieria extract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while the goal of the plan is ambitious, the path to implementation is murky. Kennedy acknowledged the phase-out is based on an “understanding” with industry rather than a binding regulatory mandate. The agencies are requesting — rather than requiring — that manufacturers remove dyes from products sold in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumer Reports, which has long advocated for eliminating harmful food dyes, called the policy a step in the right direction but warned it could take years to implement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037196\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037196\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/FoodDyeGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/FoodDyeGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/FoodDyeGetty-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/FoodDyeGetty-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/FoodDyeGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/FoodDyeGetty-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/FoodDyeGetty-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">CVS’s artificially colored jelly beans in Washington, DC, on March 24, 2011. \u003ccite>(Wendy Galietta/The Washington Post via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s encouraging to see the FDA working towards a ban on synthetic food dyes,” said Brian Ronholm, the organization’s director of food policy. “But this multistep plan relies on voluntary industry efforts that will simply prolong the amount of time it will take to get dangerous dyes out of our food.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ronholm urges states to continue adopting their own bans in the meantime. Earlier this year, West Virginia passed legislation restricting most artificial dyes, and more than two dozen other states are considering similar bills. Ronholm also raised concerns that recent staff and budget cuts at the FDA could hamper the agency’s ability to follow through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dyes in question are found in thousands of processed foods — everything from cereals to candies to beverages — primarily to enhance visual appeal. While the FDA continues to allow their use, researchers and public health experts have increasingly questioned their safety, particularly in light of newer studies linking synthetic dyes to behavioral changes in children.[aside postID=news_12035659 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/CTScanAP-1020x680.jpg']“It’s a slam dunk that some kids are being harmed by these toxic chemicals,” said Scott Faber, senior vice president for government affairs for the Environmental Working Group, a national environmental health organization. “It makes them less prepared to learn. And that is not only terrible for those kids, it makes everything harder for all the other kids in that classroom and the teachers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2021, California’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment released a comprehensive \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/media/downloads/risk-assessment/report/healthefftsassess041621.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">review (PDF)\u003c/a> of the scientific literature and concluded that synthetic food dyes can negatively affect neurobehavior in some children, especially those with ADHD. The agency determined that the safe intake levels set by the FDA for the additives may not sufficiently protect children because the animal studies used to set these levels were not designed for — or even capable of — detecting neurobehavioral impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That research helped lay the groundwork for \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2316\">California’s School Food Safety Act\u003c/a>, which bans six synthetic dyes from public school meals beginning in 2027. And the food industry must \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB418\">remove Red 3\u003c/a> — which has been banned in the European Union, the United Kingdom and China — in all products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Industry groups are already raising alarms about the new federal announcement. “There are not enough alternatives available to replace these products,” the International Association of Color Manufacturers said in a statement. “Supply chains will take an estimated five to 10 years to catch up and require importing more expensive ingredients grown in China, India and Mexico.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the political will behind the new plan appears strong. Kennedy’s move gives the Trump administration a headline-grabbing, bipartisan health reform — one that signals both skepticism of corporate food practices and responsiveness to growing parental concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether it results in meaningful improvements to public health — or stalls under legal and logistical challenges — remains to be seen. But with California leading and momentum building in other states, this could be the moment the U.S. rethinks the chemicals behind its rainbow-hued snacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">Trump administration\u003c/a> announced a major food safety initiative this week: a plan to phase out eight petroleum-based synthetic food dyes from the U.S. food supply. The policy, led by Health and Human Services Secretary \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/robert-f-kennedy-jr\">Robert F. Kennedy Jr.\u003c/a> and the Food and Drug Administration, marks a dramatic escalation in federal attention to artificial additives that health advocates say may pose risks to children’s health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a news conference, Kennedy described the plan as part of the administration’s “Make America Healthy Again” initiative, calling synthetic dyes “poisonous compounds” that offer no nutritional value. “That era is coming to an end,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA says it will revoke authorization for two dyes — Citrus Red No. 2 and Orange B — in the coming months, and work with manufacturers to eliminate six additional dyes by the end of 2026. These include Red 40, Yellow 5, Yellow 6, Blue 1, Blue 2 and Green 3. Red Dye No. 3, some of which California and other states have already outlawed, is also targeted for accelerated removal. The plan includes fast-tracking approval of natural alternatives like butterfly pea flower extract, gardenia blue and blue Galdieria extract.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while the goal of the plan is ambitious, the path to implementation is murky. Kennedy acknowledged the phase-out is based on an “understanding” with industry rather than a binding regulatory mandate. The agencies are requesting — rather than requiring — that manufacturers remove dyes from products sold in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumer Reports, which has long advocated for eliminating harmful food dyes, called the policy a step in the right direction but warned it could take years to implement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037196\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037196\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/FoodDyeGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/FoodDyeGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/FoodDyeGetty-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/FoodDyeGetty-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/FoodDyeGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/FoodDyeGetty-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/FoodDyeGetty-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">CVS’s artificially colored jelly beans in Washington, DC, on March 24, 2011. \u003ccite>(Wendy Galietta/The Washington Post via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s encouraging to see the FDA working towards a ban on synthetic food dyes,” said Brian Ronholm, the organization’s director of food policy. “But this multistep plan relies on voluntary industry efforts that will simply prolong the amount of time it will take to get dangerous dyes out of our food.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ronholm urges states to continue adopting their own bans in the meantime. Earlier this year, West Virginia passed legislation restricting most artificial dyes, and more than two dozen other states are considering similar bills. Ronholm also raised concerns that recent staff and budget cuts at the FDA could hamper the agency’s ability to follow through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dyes in question are found in thousands of processed foods — everything from cereals to candies to beverages — primarily to enhance visual appeal. While the FDA continues to allow their use, researchers and public health experts have increasingly questioned their safety, particularly in light of newer studies linking synthetic dyes to behavioral changes in children.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It’s a slam dunk that some kids are being harmed by these toxic chemicals,” said Scott Faber, senior vice president for government affairs for the Environmental Working Group, a national environmental health organization. “It makes them less prepared to learn. And that is not only terrible for those kids, it makes everything harder for all the other kids in that classroom and the teachers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2021, California’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment released a comprehensive \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/media/downloads/risk-assessment/report/healthefftsassess041621.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">review (PDF)\u003c/a> of the scientific literature and concluded that synthetic food dyes can negatively affect neurobehavior in some children, especially those with ADHD. The agency determined that the safe intake levels set by the FDA for the additives may not sufficiently protect children because the animal studies used to set these levels were not designed for — or even capable of — detecting neurobehavioral impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That research helped lay the groundwork for \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2316\">California’s School Food Safety Act\u003c/a>, which bans six synthetic dyes from public school meals beginning in 2027. And the food industry must \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB418\">remove Red 3\u003c/a> — which has been banned in the European Union, the United Kingdom and China — in all products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Industry groups are already raising alarms about the new federal announcement. “There are not enough alternatives available to replace these products,” the International Association of Color Manufacturers said in a statement. “Supply chains will take an estimated five to 10 years to catch up and require importing more expensive ingredients grown in China, India and Mexico.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the political will behind the new plan appears strong. Kennedy’s move gives the Trump administration a headline-grabbing, bipartisan health reform — one that signals both skepticism of corporate food practices and responsiveness to growing parental concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether it results in meaningful improvements to public health — or stalls under legal and logistical challenges — remains to be seen. But with California leading and momentum building in other states, this could be the moment the U.S. rethinks the chemicals behind its rainbow-hued snacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "‘Secret Deal’ in California Would Weaken Regulations for Oil Refineries",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This \u003ca href=\"https://publichealthwatch.org/2025/04/22/secret-deal-in-california-would-weaken-regulations-for-oil-refineries/\">article\u003c/a> was originally published by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://publichealthwatch.org/\">\u003cem>Public Health Watch\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a nonprofit investigative news organization.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Aug. 6, 2012, a corroded, eight-inch pipe at Chevron’s oil refinery in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/richmond\">Richmond\u003c/a> cracked open, sending a white cloud hundreds of feet into the air. The cloud quickly engulfed the 19 refinery firefighters, managers and other workers who had been trying to fix what had been a small leak in the pipe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of them went to ground, unable to see past their hands; most ran or crawled out of the way. Then the vapor ignited, trapping a firefighter in a truck. He, too, ran out, through what eyewitnesses called a wall of flame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was just the beginning. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/73746/new-photos-chevron-refinery-fire-and-its-aftermath\">The fire burned for hours\u003c/a>; the smoke choked the Bay Area for days. Fifteen thousand people sought medical care for breathing problems and exposure to the toxic plume; hospitals admitted 20, including one refinery worker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Chemical Safety Board investigators \u003ca href=\"https://www.csb.gov/assets/1/17/chevron_final_investigation_report_2015-01-28.pdf?15397\">concluded\u003c/a> that the fire could have been prevented if Chevron had heeded its own inspectors’ pleas to replace the decaying pipe, and if federal and California regulations had mandated better safety practices. Then-Gov. Jerry Brown convened a working group of 13 state agencies and departments to appraise the safety of California’s refineries, clustered in the Bay Area and Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The safety measures rolled out over the next five years were among the strongest in the nation, giving workers unprecedented power to halt operations they felt were unsafe. Other rules were designed to protect communities near refineries from accidental chemical releases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037033\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1586px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12037033 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/PHOTO-2-Chevron-RUPTURED-PIPELINE-CSB.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1586\" height=\"1084\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/PHOTO-2-Chevron-RUPTURED-PIPELINE-CSB.png 1586w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/PHOTO-2-Chevron-RUPTURED-PIPELINE-CSB-800x547.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/PHOTO-2-Chevron-RUPTURED-PIPELINE-CSB-1020x697.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/PHOTO-2-Chevron-RUPTURED-PIPELINE-CSB-160x109.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/PHOTO-2-Chevron-RUPTURED-PIPELINE-CSB-1536x1050.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1586px) 100vw, 1586px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Aug. 6, 2012, fire at the Chevron oil refinery in Richmond, California, began near the rupture of this 8-inch pipe, shown in this photo included in the U.S. Chemical Safety Board’s final investigative report. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of U.S. Chemical Safety Board)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, more than 12 years after the Chevron fire, regulators are poised to weaken two key regulations that had been challenged in court by the Western States Petroleum Association, or WSPA, a trade association that lobbies heavily in California. A settlement of two lawsuits reached behind closed doors in September calls for easing some of those rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Union leaders and community advocates — who were excluded from the settlement negotiations — say the proposed changes would put workers and the public at greater risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be looking at the possibility of rolling back these regulations is dangerous and alarming for our communities,” said Marie Choi, communications director for the Asian Pacific Environmental Network, or APEN, a watchdog group. “We can’t let industry write the rules.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/1/embed?mid=1IWp_ArXOUH-HGhBlVqnqw8n3IFJPXAs&ehbc=2E312F&noprof=1\" width=\"675\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Environmental Protection Agency, known as CalEPA, set a Tuesday deadline to \u003ca href=\"https://calepa.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Final-CalARP-Notice-of-Proposed-Rulemaking.pdf\">accept public comment\u003c/a> on proposed changes to its accidental release program. The agency will make an internal decision afterward on whether to accept the changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, the state’s Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board, part of the Department of Industrial Relations, or DIR, is independently considering changes to safety rules affecting workers. A decision by the board may not come until 2026.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CalEPA said that the revisions are needed to provide clarity and consistency in applying the rules.[aside postID=news_12036242 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/ValeroBenicia-1020x765.jpg']“Petroleum refineries have stated that certain terms and provisions of the [accidental release program] regulations are vague and confusing, making it difficult for them to comply,” the agency wrote in a statement accompanying the proposed amendments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to \u003cem>Public Health Watch\u003c/em>, a spokeswoman for DIR wrote that the agency and CalEPA “remain committed to protecting refinery workers and ensuring refinery operations meet all safety and environmental standards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Rob Bonta, whose office represented the state in the two lawsuits, responded to requests for comment from \u003cem>Public Health Watch\u003c/em> by referring the questions to the affected agencies. WSPA did not respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The moves have left environmental and labor advocates questioning the transparency of the negotiations. Lawyers for the Steelworkers were asked to sign off on the settlement of the lawsuit last September. They refused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the end of the day, our biggest thing was that we were left out of a process in which we had the right to participate,” said Mike Smith, who heads the Steelworkers’ National Oil Bargaining Program in Pittsburgh and was a union staff representative for six years at Local 5 in Martinez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t understand how this happened,” said Julia May, a senior scientist with Communities for a Better Environment, an advocacy group that helped craft the original process safety management rule. “We’ve had a bad history of [refinery] accidents in California due to cutting corners on maintenance, due to not listening to the workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Read the full story at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://publichealthwatch.org/\">\u003cem>Public Health Watch\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "More than 12 years after the Chevron fire in Richmond, regulators are poised to weaken two key regulations that had been challenged in court by the Western States Petroleum Association.",
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"title": "‘Secret Deal’ in California Would Weaken Regulations for Oil Refineries | KQED",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"https://publichealthwatch.org/author/jimmorris/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Jim Morris \u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://publichealthwatch.org/author/mollypeterson/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Molly Peterson\u003c/a>, Public Health Watch ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This \u003ca href=\"https://publichealthwatch.org/2025/04/22/secret-deal-in-california-would-weaken-regulations-for-oil-refineries/\">article\u003c/a> was originally published by \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://publichealthwatch.org/\">\u003cem>Public Health Watch\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a nonprofit investigative news organization.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Aug. 6, 2012, a corroded, eight-inch pipe at Chevron’s oil refinery in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/richmond\">Richmond\u003c/a> cracked open, sending a white cloud hundreds of feet into the air. The cloud quickly engulfed the 19 refinery firefighters, managers and other workers who had been trying to fix what had been a small leak in the pipe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of them went to ground, unable to see past their hands; most ran or crawled out of the way. Then the vapor ignited, trapping a firefighter in a truck. He, too, ran out, through what eyewitnesses called a wall of flame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was just the beginning. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/73746/new-photos-chevron-refinery-fire-and-its-aftermath\">The fire burned for hours\u003c/a>; the smoke choked the Bay Area for days. Fifteen thousand people sought medical care for breathing problems and exposure to the toxic plume; hospitals admitted 20, including one refinery worker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Chemical Safety Board investigators \u003ca href=\"https://www.csb.gov/assets/1/17/chevron_final_investigation_report_2015-01-28.pdf?15397\">concluded\u003c/a> that the fire could have been prevented if Chevron had heeded its own inspectors’ pleas to replace the decaying pipe, and if federal and California regulations had mandated better safety practices. Then-Gov. Jerry Brown convened a working group of 13 state agencies and departments to appraise the safety of California’s refineries, clustered in the Bay Area and Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The safety measures rolled out over the next five years were among the strongest in the nation, giving workers unprecedented power to halt operations they felt were unsafe. Other rules were designed to protect communities near refineries from accidental chemical releases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037033\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1586px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12037033 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/PHOTO-2-Chevron-RUPTURED-PIPELINE-CSB.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1586\" height=\"1084\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/PHOTO-2-Chevron-RUPTURED-PIPELINE-CSB.png 1586w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/PHOTO-2-Chevron-RUPTURED-PIPELINE-CSB-800x547.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/PHOTO-2-Chevron-RUPTURED-PIPELINE-CSB-1020x697.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/PHOTO-2-Chevron-RUPTURED-PIPELINE-CSB-160x109.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/PHOTO-2-Chevron-RUPTURED-PIPELINE-CSB-1536x1050.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1586px) 100vw, 1586px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Aug. 6, 2012, fire at the Chevron oil refinery in Richmond, California, began near the rupture of this 8-inch pipe, shown in this photo included in the U.S. Chemical Safety Board’s final investigative report. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of U.S. Chemical Safety Board)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, more than 12 years after the Chevron fire, regulators are poised to weaken two key regulations that had been challenged in court by the Western States Petroleum Association, or WSPA, a trade association that lobbies heavily in California. A settlement of two lawsuits reached behind closed doors in September calls for easing some of those rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Union leaders and community advocates — who were excluded from the settlement negotiations — say the proposed changes would put workers and the public at greater risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be looking at the possibility of rolling back these regulations is dangerous and alarming for our communities,” said Marie Choi, communications director for the Asian Pacific Environmental Network, or APEN, a watchdog group. “We can’t let industry write the rules.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/1/embed?mid=1IWp_ArXOUH-HGhBlVqnqw8n3IFJPXAs&ehbc=2E312F&noprof=1\" width=\"675\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Environmental Protection Agency, known as CalEPA, set a Tuesday deadline to \u003ca href=\"https://calepa.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Final-CalARP-Notice-of-Proposed-Rulemaking.pdf\">accept public comment\u003c/a> on proposed changes to its accidental release program. The agency will make an internal decision afterward on whether to accept the changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, the state’s Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board, part of the Department of Industrial Relations, or DIR, is independently considering changes to safety rules affecting workers. A decision by the board may not come until 2026.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CalEPA said that the revisions are needed to provide clarity and consistency in applying the rules.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Petroleum refineries have stated that certain terms and provisions of the [accidental release program] regulations are vague and confusing, making it difficult for them to comply,” the agency wrote in a statement accompanying the proposed amendments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to \u003cem>Public Health Watch\u003c/em>, a spokeswoman for DIR wrote that the agency and CalEPA “remain committed to protecting refinery workers and ensuring refinery operations meet all safety and environmental standards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Rob Bonta, whose office represented the state in the two lawsuits, responded to requests for comment from \u003cem>Public Health Watch\u003c/em> by referring the questions to the affected agencies. WSPA did not respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The moves have left environmental and labor advocates questioning the transparency of the negotiations. Lawyers for the Steelworkers were asked to sign off on the settlement of the lawsuit last September. They refused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the end of the day, our biggest thing was that we were left out of a process in which we had the right to participate,” said Mike Smith, who heads the Steelworkers’ National Oil Bargaining Program in Pittsburgh and was a union staff representative for six years at Local 5 in Martinez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t understand how this happened,” said Julia May, a senior scientist with Communities for a Better Environment, an advocacy group that helped craft the original process safety management rule. “We’ve had a bad history of [refinery] accidents in California due to cutting corners on maintenance, due to not listening to the workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Read the full story at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://publichealthwatch.org/\">\u003cem>Public Health Watch\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "sf-expand-combination-shelter-opioid-treatment-program-homeless-residents",
"title": "SF to Expand Combination Shelter-Opioid Treatment Program for Homeless Residents",
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"headTitle": "SF to Expand Combination Shelter-Opioid Treatment Program for Homeless Residents | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>As part of efforts to treat the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12033622/sf-is-moving-away-from-harm-reduction-in-its-drug-crackdown-doctors-are-concerned\">city’s drug crisis\u003c/a>, San Francisco’s Department of Public Health is expanding a program for unhoused people that combines a shelter bed with opioid addiction treatment under one roof.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RESTORE — which stands for Rapid Engagement Shelter and Treatment for Opioid Recovery — currently operates 35 beds at the Adante Hotel on Geary Street in Lower Nob Hill. Officials will soon double the number of beds, with the hope of operating up to 200 across the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The expansion comes as the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner released its latest \u003ca href=\"https://media.api.sf.gov/documents/2025_04_OCME_Overdose_Report.pdf\">data \u003c/a>showing 65 accidental overdose deaths in March 2025, including 52 cases involving fentanyl. Public Health Director Daniel Tsai said the goal of RESTORE is to initiate treatment as soon as someone is off the streets to better transition them to long-term care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can think of very few interventions that we have from a public health standpoint where we’re getting people plugged into a bed and initiating treatment literally immediately,” Tsai said at a press conference on Wednesday. “We will do telehealth prescribing to start someone on medications for opioid use disorder that same day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Potential clients will be required to engage with a case manager daily and agree to an opioid or mental health treatment plan to secure their stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RESTORE started as a pilot program over the past 12 months and saw success rates “unlike anything we have ever seen,” Tsai added, although he did not disclose the specific numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12021632\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12021632\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SFDepartmentPublicHealth.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SFDepartmentPublicHealth.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SFDepartmentPublicHealth-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SFDepartmentPublicHealth-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SFDepartmentPublicHealth-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SFDepartmentPublicHealth-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SFDepartmentPublicHealth-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San Francisco Department of Public Health on Feb. 6, 2014. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“When you talk to our teams on the street, they will tell you that the availability of a RESTORE bed completely changes the type of discussion they can have with a client,” Tsai said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shelter beds offered in the program are non-congregate and stays are short-term: usually between one and two weeks. These factors lower the barrier of entry for unhoused people, Tsai said. Additionally, the combination of a bed and treatment plan means that clients don’t have to coordinate the two themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brief stay is meant to stabilize clients and put them on the path to recovery, which varies significantly from person to person.[aside postID=news_12035625 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/023_KQED_OBICBuprenorphineClinic_03292023_qut-1020x680.jpg']Keith Humphreys, a Stanford University professor and addiction policy researcher, said even one or two weeks could provide a “time-out” that is long enough to get people back on their feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is a period of stability where they can stop taking any substances that they’re taking, start taking any medications they should be taking for their mental illness or for their addiction and have a sort of headspace to make good decisions about their future,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tsai said the biggest problem is capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of our biggest barriers is we only have 35 beds, and there are people on the street who are willing to start treatment in this sort of setting,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in light of the upcoming expansion, Humphreys noted that scaling services like those offered through RESTORE can quickly run into quality issues, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He pointed to HealthRIGHT 360, the city’s largest, publicly-funded addiction treatment provider, which saw five \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/sf/article/healthright-360-drug-overdoses-19897492.php\">fatal overdoses\u003c/a> in 13 months. Wesley Saver, director of policy & public affairs for HealthRIGHT 360, said in a statement that it is “encouraging” to see the Department of Public Health scale programs like RESTORE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11995962\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11995962\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/SFOverdoseDeathDecline.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/SFOverdoseDeathDecline.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/SFOverdoseDeathDecline-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/SFOverdoseDeathDecline-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/SFOverdoseDeathDecline-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/SFOverdoseDeathDecline-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/SFOverdoseDeathDecline-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A harm reduction program representative speaks with people on a popular alleyway in the Tenderloin neighborhood to hand out Narcan, fentanyl detection packets and tinfoil to those who need them as a part of drug addiction outreach in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Nick Otto/Washington Post via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A lot of life, particularly street life, is lived in five-minute intervals,” Humphreys said. “Just to have the time-out to say, OK, you’re stable, you’re safe, you don’t have to survive, you’ve got food, you’ve got shelter. Let’s talk about where you want to be in a month or six months, as opposed to where you want to be in five minutes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The expansion of RESTORE follows a slight decrease in accidental overdose deaths, down from 68 overdose deaths in February, breaking a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12031847/sf-sees-decline-in-overdose-deaths-but-fentanyl-remains-a-major-threat\">trend of monthly increases since October\u003c/a>. Of the 192 total deaths from January through March of this year, the vast majority are fentanyl-related.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That translates to an average of at least two deaths per day, Tsai noted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every overdose death we have here in the city and county of San Francisco is preventable, and it’s unacceptable, and it’s tragic,” Tsai said. “The current approach of what we’ve done historically here has not delivered the results that we need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As part of efforts to treat the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12033622/sf-is-moving-away-from-harm-reduction-in-its-drug-crackdown-doctors-are-concerned\">city’s drug crisis\u003c/a>, San Francisco’s Department of Public Health is expanding a program for unhoused people that combines a shelter bed with opioid addiction treatment under one roof.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RESTORE — which stands for Rapid Engagement Shelter and Treatment for Opioid Recovery — currently operates 35 beds at the Adante Hotel on Geary Street in Lower Nob Hill. Officials will soon double the number of beds, with the hope of operating up to 200 across the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The expansion comes as the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner released its latest \u003ca href=\"https://media.api.sf.gov/documents/2025_04_OCME_Overdose_Report.pdf\">data \u003c/a>showing 65 accidental overdose deaths in March 2025, including 52 cases involving fentanyl. Public Health Director Daniel Tsai said the goal of RESTORE is to initiate treatment as soon as someone is off the streets to better transition them to long-term care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can think of very few interventions that we have from a public health standpoint where we’re getting people plugged into a bed and initiating treatment literally immediately,” Tsai said at a press conference on Wednesday. “We will do telehealth prescribing to start someone on medications for opioid use disorder that same day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Potential clients will be required to engage with a case manager daily and agree to an opioid or mental health treatment plan to secure their stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RESTORE started as a pilot program over the past 12 months and saw success rates “unlike anything we have ever seen,” Tsai added, although he did not disclose the specific numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12021632\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12021632\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SFDepartmentPublicHealth.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SFDepartmentPublicHealth.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SFDepartmentPublicHealth-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SFDepartmentPublicHealth-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SFDepartmentPublicHealth-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SFDepartmentPublicHealth-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SFDepartmentPublicHealth-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San Francisco Department of Public Health on Feb. 6, 2014. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“When you talk to our teams on the street, they will tell you that the availability of a RESTORE bed completely changes the type of discussion they can have with a client,” Tsai said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shelter beds offered in the program are non-congregate and stays are short-term: usually between one and two weeks. These factors lower the barrier of entry for unhoused people, Tsai said. Additionally, the combination of a bed and treatment plan means that clients don’t have to coordinate the two themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brief stay is meant to stabilize clients and put them on the path to recovery, which varies significantly from person to person.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Keith Humphreys, a Stanford University professor and addiction policy researcher, said even one or two weeks could provide a “time-out” that is long enough to get people back on their feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is a period of stability where they can stop taking any substances that they’re taking, start taking any medications they should be taking for their mental illness or for their addiction and have a sort of headspace to make good decisions about their future,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tsai said the biggest problem is capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of our biggest barriers is we only have 35 beds, and there are people on the street who are willing to start treatment in this sort of setting,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in light of the upcoming expansion, Humphreys noted that scaling services like those offered through RESTORE can quickly run into quality issues, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He pointed to HealthRIGHT 360, the city’s largest, publicly-funded addiction treatment provider, which saw five \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/sf/article/healthright-360-drug-overdoses-19897492.php\">fatal overdoses\u003c/a> in 13 months. Wesley Saver, director of policy & public affairs for HealthRIGHT 360, said in a statement that it is “encouraging” to see the Department of Public Health scale programs like RESTORE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11995962\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11995962\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/SFOverdoseDeathDecline.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/SFOverdoseDeathDecline.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/SFOverdoseDeathDecline-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/SFOverdoseDeathDecline-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/SFOverdoseDeathDecline-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/SFOverdoseDeathDecline-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/SFOverdoseDeathDecline-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A harm reduction program representative speaks with people on a popular alleyway in the Tenderloin neighborhood to hand out Narcan, fentanyl detection packets and tinfoil to those who need them as a part of drug addiction outreach in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Nick Otto/Washington Post via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A lot of life, particularly street life, is lived in five-minute intervals,” Humphreys said. “Just to have the time-out to say, OK, you’re stable, you’re safe, you don’t have to survive, you’ve got food, you’ve got shelter. Let’s talk about where you want to be in a month or six months, as opposed to where you want to be in five minutes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The expansion of RESTORE follows a slight decrease in accidental overdose deaths, down from 68 overdose deaths in February, breaking a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12031847/sf-sees-decline-in-overdose-deaths-but-fentanyl-remains-a-major-threat\">trend of monthly increases since October\u003c/a>. Of the 192 total deaths from January through March of this year, the vast majority are fentanyl-related.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That translates to an average of at least two deaths per day, Tsai noted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every overdose death we have here in the city and county of San Francisco is preventable, and it’s unacceptable, and it’s tragic,” Tsai said. “The current approach of what we’ve done historically here has not delivered the results that we need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "ct-scans-save-lives-but-as-theyre-used-more-often-how-many-are-causing-cancer",
"title": "CT Scans Save Lives. But as They’re Used More Often, How Many Are Causing Cancer?",
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"content": "\u003cp>As CT scans become increasingly prevalent in U.S. health care, radiation from the often lifesaving imaging technique could come with a steep long-term cost: tens of thousands more cases of cancer, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/ucsf\">UCSF\u003c/a> study published Monday in \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine\">JAMA Internal Medicine\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers analyzed CT scan data and estimated that the 93 million scans performed in 2023 — nearly one for every three people in the country — could lead to approximately 103,000 future cancer cases over patients’ lifetimes. A similar analysis years earlier estimated that routine CT exposures in 2007 would lead to about 29,000 future cancer cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The projection reflects both the sharp rise in how often CT scans are used and the higher radiation doses many patients now receive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most patients will not develop cancer from a CT scan,” said Dr. Rebecca Smith-Bindman, lead author and professor of epidemiology and biostatistics at UCSF. “But if you’re not getting any benefit, then even a small risk is unacceptable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a CT scan, a patient lies on a table that slides through a large, donut-shaped machine. Inside, an X-ray tube rotates around the body, capturing images of thin slices — like layers of a loaf of bread. A computer then assembles those slices into a 3D image that doctors use to spot injuries, tumors or other abnormalities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12032820\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12032820\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/UCSFGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1343\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/UCSFGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/UCSFGetty-800x537.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/UCSFGetty-1020x685.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/UCSFGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/UCSFGetty-1536x1031.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/UCSFGetty-1920x1289.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UCSF Mission Bay campus on Feb. 10, 2025, in San Francisco, California. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The process exposes the body to radiation, which can alter DNA. Most of the time, the body repairs these changes. However, occasionally, a cell keeps dividing abnormally, and over time, that can lead to cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s DNA damage response pathways that are active all the time that take these insults, and they repair your DNA,” said Dr. Patricia Nguyen, a cardiologist at Stanford who was not involved in the study. “But as we age, those responses aren’t as strong … and that’s when damaged cells can turn into cancer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers used the National Cancer Institute’s Radiation Risk Assessment Tool, which estimates cancer risk based on scan type, patient age and radiation dose. The model draws on historical data, including studies of Japanese atomic bomb survivors. While the methodology is widely accepted in public health research, it has limitations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t know what’s happening biologically to the actual patient,” Nguyen said. “They are just basing it on formulas or retrospective data … we don’t know what happens in each individual.”[aside postID=news_12035344 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250408-CAL-TECH-TESTING-113-ZS-KQED-1020x680.jpg']CT scans are often essential — especially in emergencies like a serious car crash, when doctors need to quickly check for internal bleeding. But they’re also used far more often than necessary. Some are ordered for mild headaches or routine infections, when they’re unlikely to change a diagnosis or improve care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our estimates put CT on par with other significant risk factors, such as alcohol consumption and excess body weight,” Smith-Bindman said. “Reducing the number of scans and reducing doses per scan would save lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Use of the technology has climbed 35% over the last decade. A mix of pressure and convenience drives the increase: Doctors have less time with patients, imaging is typically reimbursed by insurance, and patients often expect a clear answer. Meanwhile, as medicine shifts away from open surgeries to less invasive procedures, physicians increasingly rely on CT scans to plan and guide treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers found that certain types of CT scans — especially of the abdomen and pelvis — were responsible for a large share of the projected cancer cases. Many involved “multiphase” imaging, where a patient is scanned two or three times in one session. While that approach can be clinically useful, the study found it’s often unnecessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The takeaway isn’t to avoid CT scans but to be more thoughtful about when they’re used — and why. For some patients, asking a simple question may be the best safeguard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every test has potential risks,” Nguyen said. “And patients should ask: Why am I getting this? What will the result change?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As CT scans become increasingly prevalent in U.S. health care, radiation from the often lifesaving imaging technique could come with a steep long-term cost: tens of thousands more cases of cancer, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/ucsf\">UCSF\u003c/a> study published Monday in \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine\">JAMA Internal Medicine\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers analyzed CT scan data and estimated that the 93 million scans performed in 2023 — nearly one for every three people in the country — could lead to approximately 103,000 future cancer cases over patients’ lifetimes. A similar analysis years earlier estimated that routine CT exposures in 2007 would lead to about 29,000 future cancer cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The projection reflects both the sharp rise in how often CT scans are used and the higher radiation doses many patients now receive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most patients will not develop cancer from a CT scan,” said Dr. Rebecca Smith-Bindman, lead author and professor of epidemiology and biostatistics at UCSF. “But if you’re not getting any benefit, then even a small risk is unacceptable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a CT scan, a patient lies on a table that slides through a large, donut-shaped machine. Inside, an X-ray tube rotates around the body, capturing images of thin slices — like layers of a loaf of bread. A computer then assembles those slices into a 3D image that doctors use to spot injuries, tumors or other abnormalities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12032820\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12032820\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/UCSFGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1343\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/UCSFGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/UCSFGetty-800x537.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/UCSFGetty-1020x685.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/UCSFGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/UCSFGetty-1536x1031.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/UCSFGetty-1920x1289.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UCSF Mission Bay campus on Feb. 10, 2025, in San Francisco, California. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The process exposes the body to radiation, which can alter DNA. Most of the time, the body repairs these changes. However, occasionally, a cell keeps dividing abnormally, and over time, that can lead to cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s DNA damage response pathways that are active all the time that take these insults, and they repair your DNA,” said Dr. Patricia Nguyen, a cardiologist at Stanford who was not involved in the study. “But as we age, those responses aren’t as strong … and that’s when damaged cells can turn into cancer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers used the National Cancer Institute’s Radiation Risk Assessment Tool, which estimates cancer risk based on scan type, patient age and radiation dose. The model draws on historical data, including studies of Japanese atomic bomb survivors. While the methodology is widely accepted in public health research, it has limitations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t know what’s happening biologically to the actual patient,” Nguyen said. “They are just basing it on formulas or retrospective data … we don’t know what happens in each individual.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>CT scans are often essential — especially in emergencies like a serious car crash, when doctors need to quickly check for internal bleeding. But they’re also used far more often than necessary. Some are ordered for mild headaches or routine infections, when they’re unlikely to change a diagnosis or improve care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our estimates put CT on par with other significant risk factors, such as alcohol consumption and excess body weight,” Smith-Bindman said. “Reducing the number of scans and reducing doses per scan would save lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Use of the technology has climbed 35% over the last decade. A mix of pressure and convenience drives the increase: Doctors have less time with patients, imaging is typically reimbursed by insurance, and patients often expect a clear answer. Meanwhile, as medicine shifts away from open surgeries to less invasive procedures, physicians increasingly rely on CT scans to plan and guide treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers found that certain types of CT scans — especially of the abdomen and pelvis — were responsible for a large share of the projected cancer cases. Many involved “multiphase” imaging, where a patient is scanned two or three times in one session. While that approach can be clinically useful, the study found it’s often unnecessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The takeaway isn’t to avoid CT scans but to be more thoughtful about when they’re used — and why. For some patients, asking a simple question may be the best safeguard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every test has potential risks,” Nguyen said. “And patients should ask: Why am I getting this? What will the result change?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"soldout": {
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"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
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