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"content": "\u003cp>Everyday people across the country skip medical care because of cost. Those who do seek medical help may end up with a balance they can’t pay off. That debt can hurt people’s credit scores, resulting in long-term financial burdens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting Jan. 1, \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/bills/ca_202320240sb1061\">a new state law\u003c/a> will prohibit health providers and debt collectors from reporting medical debt information to credit agencies. That means unpaid medical bills should no longer show up on people’s credit reports, which consumer advocacy groups say is a boon for patients with debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s why: While the law will not forgive someone’s debt, by keeping it off credit reports, it might provide some reassurance that a hospital stay or trip to urgent care won’t later affect their credit standing. Lower credit scores usually result in higher interest rates and make it harder for people to qualify for a home rental, a car loan or even employment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2024/08/medical-debt-credit-score/\">During legislative hearings\u003c/a>, the law’s author, \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/monique-limon-13069\">Sen. Monique Limón\u003c/a>, a Democrat from Santa Barbara, contended that because people don’t choose to have a medical emergency or illness, this type of debt should not count against them. Supporters also argued that medical debt is more prone to inaccuracies because of billing mistakes by health providers and insurers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The main three credit bureaus — TransUnion, Equifax and Experian — stopped reporting medical debt under $500 in 2023. But most people with medical debt owe far more than that. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.consumerfinance.gov/about-us/newsroom/cfpb-finds-15-million-americans-have-medical-bills-on-their-credit-reports/\">national average for medical balance\u003c/a> is $3,100, according to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. In California, an \u003ca href=\"https://www.chcf.org/publication/2024-chcf-california-health-policy-survey/#related-links-and-downloads\">estimated 38% of residents\u003c/a> carry some type of medical debt; that figure climbs to more than half for lower-income residents, according to the California Health Care Foundation.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"forum_2010101908115,news_12002019,news_12016635\"]One key caveat is that patients can only take advantage of this law if the debt is owed directly to a medical provider or collection agency, but not when the debt is charged on a medical credit card or a general credit card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new law follows similar ones enacted in a handful of other states, including New York and Colorado. It also mirrors a proposal put forth by the Biden administration to do the same nationwide. However, with a new administration taking over in January, it is unclear whether the federal proposal will go anywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Limón’s office explained that under the law patients have the right to sue a debt collector or provider who reports a medical debt to a credit bureau. Consumers may also choose to file a complaint with the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://dfpi.ca.gov/\">Department of Financial Protection and Innovation\u003c/a>, which has authority over debt collectors. Consumers can \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/contact/consumer-complaint-against-business-or-company\">also file a complaint\u003c/a> with the California Attorney General’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "A new state law starting Jan. 1 will keep medical debt off your credit report, sparing a hit to your a credit score. This is a big deal for California where millions struggle with unpaid medical bills.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Everyday people across the country skip medical care because of cost. Those who do seek medical help may end up with a balance they can’t pay off. That debt can hurt people’s credit scores, resulting in long-term financial burdens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting Jan. 1, \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/bills/ca_202320240sb1061\">a new state law\u003c/a> will prohibit health providers and debt collectors from reporting medical debt information to credit agencies. That means unpaid medical bills should no longer show up on people’s credit reports, which consumer advocacy groups say is a boon for patients with debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s why: While the law will not forgive someone’s debt, by keeping it off credit reports, it might provide some reassurance that a hospital stay or trip to urgent care won’t later affect their credit standing. Lower credit scores usually result in higher interest rates and make it harder for people to qualify for a home rental, a car loan or even employment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2024/08/medical-debt-credit-score/\">During legislative hearings\u003c/a>, the law’s author, \u003ca href=\"https://digitaldemocracy.calmatters.org/legislators/monique-limon-13069\">Sen. Monique Limón\u003c/a>, a Democrat from Santa Barbara, contended that because people don’t choose to have a medical emergency or illness, this type of debt should not count against them. Supporters also argued that medical debt is more prone to inaccuracies because of billing mistakes by health providers and insurers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The main three credit bureaus — TransUnion, Equifax and Experian — stopped reporting medical debt under $500 in 2023. But most people with medical debt owe far more than that. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.consumerfinance.gov/about-us/newsroom/cfpb-finds-15-million-americans-have-medical-bills-on-their-credit-reports/\">national average for medical balance\u003c/a> is $3,100, according to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. In California, an \u003ca href=\"https://www.chcf.org/publication/2024-chcf-california-health-policy-survey/#related-links-and-downloads\">estimated 38% of residents\u003c/a> carry some type of medical debt; that figure climbs to more than half for lower-income residents, according to the California Health Care Foundation.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>One key caveat is that patients can only take advantage of this law if the debt is owed directly to a medical provider or collection agency, but not when the debt is charged on a medical credit card or a general credit card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new law follows similar ones enacted in a handful of other states, including New York and Colorado. It also mirrors a proposal put forth by the Biden administration to do the same nationwide. However, with a new administration taking over in January, it is unclear whether the federal proposal will go anywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Limón’s office explained that under the law patients have the right to sue a debt collector or provider who reports a medical debt to a credit bureau. Consumers may also choose to file a complaint with the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://dfpi.ca.gov/\">Department of Financial Protection and Innovation\u003c/a>, which has authority over debt collectors. Consumers can \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/contact/consumer-complaint-against-business-or-company\">also file a complaint\u003c/a> with the California Attorney General’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Bird Flu Hits Over Half of California Dairies, Spurring More Containment Efforts",
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"content": "\u003cp>California agriculture and public health officials are taking steps to contain a rapidly spreading \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bird-flu\">bird flu\u003c/a> outbreak as the virus tears through the state’s dairies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spread was enough to prompt Gov. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/gavin-newsom\">Gavin Newsom\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12018836/newsom-declares-bird-flu-emergency-california-us-confirms-1st-severe-case\">declare a state of emergency\u003c/a> this week, aiming to bolster the efforts of state and local officials to monitor the virus and keep it in check. The declaration will also help provide critical resources to affected communities, Newsom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The emergency declaration allows us to expand our workforce to continue to monitor it closely and respond to the situation nimbly,” Dr. Erica Pan, California’s state epidemiologist, said at a briefing about the state’s response on Friday. “Helps us mitigate disease in animals, protect those at risk, and ensure we continue to learn about this bird flu virus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proclamation follows infections rising among dairy cows in Southern California, which is concerning because the outbreak began elsewhere, in the Central Valley. The virus has been detected at 679 of the state’s 1,100-plus dairies, 51 commercial poultry farms and nine backyard flocks across the state, according to the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The virus is likely spreading between facilities via sick cows, equipment and trailers. CDFA is working with farmers to limit visitors from accessing their ranches, requiring workers to wear masks, gloves and other protective gear, as well as monitoring cattle for fevers, loss of appetite and other symptoms of bird flu. The agency is also testing the state’s 1.7 million cows weekly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agricultural officials do not expect the current outbreak to impact the milk supply from California, the nation’s leading milk producer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11990735 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/bird-flu-1020x679.png']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the U.S. Department of Agriculture continues to test the national milk supply for potential contamination. State officials have already issued \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12016664/california-recalls-more-raw-milk-citing-bird-flu\">recalls of raw milk\u003c/a> linked to bird flu exposure. The founder of Fresno-based Raw Farm, the target of the recall, acknowledged that potentially contaminated milk may have reached up to 90,000 customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts have cautioned people against consuming milk products that are not pasteurized. Research shows the process effectively eliminates harmful pathogens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the virus is a death sentence for poultry, which is why farmers usually euthanize birds that are exposed, said Dr. Annette M. Jones, state veterinarian and director of Animal Health and Food Safety Services. The symptoms are not as severe in cows, but the animals are stressed by the disease and may not recover completely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the third wave of [bird flu] infection since 2022 that our poultry flocks have experienced,” Jones said. “And the first time they have gotten a virus from cows.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While human-to-human transmission has not been reported in California, public health officials are monitoring for signs that is happening. Most human cases in the state have been linked to people who were in direct contact with infected cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has recorded \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/Bird-Flu.aspx\">36 human bird flu infections\u003c/a> this year, underscoring the virus’s ability to jump from animals to humans. Nationwide, the U.S. has reported \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/situation-summary/index.html\">61 cases\u003c/a> in 2024, primarily among dairy and poultry workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014955/bay-area-potential-first-bird-flu-case-reported-alameda-county-child\">case in Alameda County\u003c/a> involving a child with mild respiratory symptoms raised alarms when no clear exposure pathway was identified. The case, however, did not result in further spread within the family or school, aligning with trends seen in other human infections, which have generally caused mild symptoms such as conjunctivitis and nasal congestion. However, the confirmation this week of the first severe human case of bird flu in the U.S., reported in Louisiana, demonstrates that certain strains of the virus can lead to worse illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wastewater surveillance has revealed the virus’ presence across the Bay Area, including in San Francisco, Napa and San José. Despite this widespread detection, health officials maintain that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11990735/avian-flu-what-to-know-about-h5n1-virus-risks-beyond-the-headlines\">risk to the general public remains low\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Gov. Gavin Newsom has declared a state of emergency as bird flu spreads through California’s dairies, poultry farms and backyard flocks. Most human cases have been in dairy workers.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California agriculture and public health officials are taking steps to contain a rapidly spreading \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bird-flu\">bird flu\u003c/a> outbreak as the virus tears through the state’s dairies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spread was enough to prompt Gov. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/gavin-newsom\">Gavin Newsom\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12018836/newsom-declares-bird-flu-emergency-california-us-confirms-1st-severe-case\">declare a state of emergency\u003c/a> this week, aiming to bolster the efforts of state and local officials to monitor the virus and keep it in check. The declaration will also help provide critical resources to affected communities, Newsom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The emergency declaration allows us to expand our workforce to continue to monitor it closely and respond to the situation nimbly,” Dr. Erica Pan, California’s state epidemiologist, said at a briefing about the state’s response on Friday. “Helps us mitigate disease in animals, protect those at risk, and ensure we continue to learn about this bird flu virus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proclamation follows infections rising among dairy cows in Southern California, which is concerning because the outbreak began elsewhere, in the Central Valley. The virus has been detected at 679 of the state’s 1,100-plus dairies, 51 commercial poultry farms and nine backyard flocks across the state, according to the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The virus is likely spreading between facilities via sick cows, equipment and trailers. CDFA is working with farmers to limit visitors from accessing their ranches, requiring workers to wear masks, gloves and other protective gear, as well as monitoring cattle for fevers, loss of appetite and other symptoms of bird flu. The agency is also testing the state’s 1.7 million cows weekly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agricultural officials do not expect the current outbreak to impact the milk supply from California, the nation’s leading milk producer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the U.S. Department of Agriculture continues to test the national milk supply for potential contamination. State officials have already issued \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12016664/california-recalls-more-raw-milk-citing-bird-flu\">recalls of raw milk\u003c/a> linked to bird flu exposure. The founder of Fresno-based Raw Farm, the target of the recall, acknowledged that potentially contaminated milk may have reached up to 90,000 customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts have cautioned people against consuming milk products that are not pasteurized. Research shows the process effectively eliminates harmful pathogens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the virus is a death sentence for poultry, which is why farmers usually euthanize birds that are exposed, said Dr. Annette M. Jones, state veterinarian and director of Animal Health and Food Safety Services. The symptoms are not as severe in cows, but the animals are stressed by the disease and may not recover completely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the third wave of [bird flu] infection since 2022 that our poultry flocks have experienced,” Jones said. “And the first time they have gotten a virus from cows.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While human-to-human transmission has not been reported in California, public health officials are monitoring for signs that is happening. Most human cases in the state have been linked to people who were in direct contact with infected cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has recorded \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/Bird-Flu.aspx\">36 human bird flu infections\u003c/a> this year, underscoring the virus’s ability to jump from animals to humans. Nationwide, the U.S. has reported \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/situation-summary/index.html\">61 cases\u003c/a> in 2024, primarily among dairy and poultry workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014955/bay-area-potential-first-bird-flu-case-reported-alameda-county-child\">case in Alameda County\u003c/a> involving a child with mild respiratory symptoms raised alarms when no clear exposure pathway was identified. The case, however, did not result in further spread within the family or school, aligning with trends seen in other human infections, which have generally caused mild symptoms such as conjunctivitis and nasal congestion. However, the confirmation this week of the first severe human case of bird flu in the U.S., reported in Louisiana, demonstrates that certain strains of the virus can lead to worse illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wastewater surveillance has revealed the virus’ presence across the Bay Area, including in San Francisco, Napa and San José. Despite this widespread detection, health officials maintain that the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11990735/avian-flu-what-to-know-about-h5n1-virus-risks-beyond-the-headlines\">risk to the general public remains low\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>At a time when more than half of the American diet comes from processed, packaged foods, the Food and Drug Administration has new rules aimed at helping people make healthy choices in the grocery store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency has \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/food/hfp-constituent-updates/fda-finalizes-updated-healthy-nutrient-content-claim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">updated the definition\u003c/a> of what counts as healthy. Food companies can voluntarily use a “healthy” claim on their packages if their products meet the new definition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a food product to qualify as “healthy” it must contain certain amounts of at least one of the food groups included in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dietaryguidelines.gov/sites/default/files/2021-03/Dietary_Guidelines_for_Americans-2020-2025.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dietary Guidelines for Americans.\u003c/a> This includes dairy, grains, fruits, vegetables and\u003ca href=\"https://www.myplate.gov/eat-healthy/protein-foods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> protein foods\u003c/a> such as beans, lean meats, nuts, seafood, and soy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Products must also fall below certain limits on added sugars, sodium and saturated fat to be labeled as healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been three decades since the agency updated its standards on what qualifies as healthy. Back in the 1990s there was a big focus on limiting all types of fats, but as nutrition science has evolved, there’s recognition of the benefits of healthy fats found in nuts and seeds,\u003ca href=\"https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-eating/eat-smart/fats/fish-and-omega-3-fatty-acids#:~:text=Fatty%20fish%2C%20such%20as%20anchovies,in%20omega%2D3%20fatty%20acids.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> fatty-fish\u003c/a> and olive oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Things like salmon and eggs wouldn’t have qualified under our previous definition,” explains \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/food/hfp-constituent-updates/fda-host-webinar-discuss-proposed-changes-definition-healthy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Claudine Kavanaugh,\u003c/a> director of the office of nutrition and food labeling at the FDA. “Science has changed,” she says. The focus is more on reducing saturated fat, not total fats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first rule-making that updates those claims in 30 years,” Kavanaugh says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hope is that the new rules will foster a healthy food supply.” I think the healthy claim can be a real quick signal to help empower consumers,” Kavanaugh says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says it’s a “priority” for the agency to also release a healthy icon or symbol that could also appear on packages that meet the new definition of healthy. The agency continues to work on this initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In announcing the new rule, the FDA’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/fda-organization/jim-jones\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jim Jones\u003c/a> pointed to the toll of poor diet in the U.S. “The FDA recognizes that diet related diseases, including heart disease, cancer, diabetes, are the leading cause of disability and disease in the United States,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Six out of every ten U.S. adults have at least one chronic disease, \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9921002/#:~:text=Diet%2C%20often%20considered%20as%20a,and%20perhaps%20some%20neurological%20diseases.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according to the CDC.\u003c/a> The diseases contribute to lower life expectancy in the U.S., compared to other high income countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new rule comes as the federal government prepares to update Dietary Guidelines. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.dietaryguidelines.gov/2025-advisory-committee-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report released earlier this month\u003c/a> from an advisory committee also points to the risks of poor nutrition at a time when 73% of adults in the U.S. have obesity or are overweight, and 38% of children, aged 12 and older have prediabetes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nutrition expert \u003ca href=\"https://steinhardt.nyu.edu/people/marion-nestle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marion Nestle\u003c/a> of New York University says the new rule may encourage food manufacturers to reformulate their foods to reduce sodium, sugars and saturated fats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the new cut-off point for added sugars, she says many cereals will not be able to be labeled as healthy without changing their formulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hope is that rules like this will help Americans make healthier choices, Nestle says. “Whether it will or not remains to be seen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says people should focus as much as possible on the basics of healthy eating. “I think that diets that are high in fruits and vegetables, high in real foods and limiting calories are the ones that are healthiest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Heart Association says the new standards for “healthy” are a step in the right direction. “It was past time to update the requirements based on the latest nutrition science,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.heart.org/en/about-us/nancy-brown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nancy Brown, the CEO\u003c/a>. “Although the updated ‘healthy’ claim is an important update to food labeling, it is voluntary and may only appear on a small number of food and beverage packages,” Brown says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group is urging the FDA to also move forward on front-of-pack nutrition labeling, to make information more visible. They say this would help consumers quickly and easily identify healthier food and beverage options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>At a time when more than half of the American diet comes from processed, packaged foods, the Food and Drug Administration has new rules aimed at helping people make healthy choices in the grocery store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency has \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/food/hfp-constituent-updates/fda-finalizes-updated-healthy-nutrient-content-claim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">updated the definition\u003c/a> of what counts as healthy. Food companies can voluntarily use a “healthy” claim on their packages if their products meet the new definition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a food product to qualify as “healthy” it must contain certain amounts of at least one of the food groups included in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dietaryguidelines.gov/sites/default/files/2021-03/Dietary_Guidelines_for_Americans-2020-2025.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dietary Guidelines for Americans.\u003c/a> This includes dairy, grains, fruits, vegetables and\u003ca href=\"https://www.myplate.gov/eat-healthy/protein-foods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> protein foods\u003c/a> such as beans, lean meats, nuts, seafood, and soy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Products must also fall below certain limits on added sugars, sodium and saturated fat to be labeled as healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been three decades since the agency updated its standards on what qualifies as healthy. Back in the 1990s there was a big focus on limiting all types of fats, but as nutrition science has evolved, there’s recognition of the benefits of healthy fats found in nuts and seeds,\u003ca href=\"https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-eating/eat-smart/fats/fish-and-omega-3-fatty-acids#:~:text=Fatty%20fish%2C%20such%20as%20anchovies,in%20omega%2D3%20fatty%20acids.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> fatty-fish\u003c/a> and olive oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Things like salmon and eggs wouldn’t have qualified under our previous definition,” explains \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/food/hfp-constituent-updates/fda-host-webinar-discuss-proposed-changes-definition-healthy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Claudine Kavanaugh,\u003c/a> director of the office of nutrition and food labeling at the FDA. “Science has changed,” she says. The focus is more on reducing saturated fat, not total fats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first rule-making that updates those claims in 30 years,” Kavanaugh says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hope is that the new rules will foster a healthy food supply.” I think the healthy claim can be a real quick signal to help empower consumers,” Kavanaugh says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says it’s a “priority” for the agency to also release a healthy icon or symbol that could also appear on packages that meet the new definition of healthy. The agency continues to work on this initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In announcing the new rule, the FDA’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/fda-organization/jim-jones\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jim Jones\u003c/a> pointed to the toll of poor diet in the U.S. “The FDA recognizes that diet related diseases, including heart disease, cancer, diabetes, are the leading cause of disability and disease in the United States,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Six out of every ten U.S. adults have at least one chronic disease, \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9921002/#:~:text=Diet%2C%20often%20considered%20as%20a,and%20perhaps%20some%20neurological%20diseases.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according to the CDC.\u003c/a> The diseases contribute to lower life expectancy in the U.S., compared to other high income countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new rule comes as the federal government prepares to update Dietary Guidelines. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.dietaryguidelines.gov/2025-advisory-committee-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report released earlier this month\u003c/a> from an advisory committee also points to the risks of poor nutrition at a time when 73% of adults in the U.S. have obesity or are overweight, and 38% of children, aged 12 and older have prediabetes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nutrition expert \u003ca href=\"https://steinhardt.nyu.edu/people/marion-nestle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marion Nestle\u003c/a> of New York University says the new rule may encourage food manufacturers to reformulate their foods to reduce sodium, sugars and saturated fats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the new cut-off point for added sugars, she says many cereals will not be able to be labeled as healthy without changing their formulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hope is that rules like this will help Americans make healthier choices, Nestle says. “Whether it will or not remains to be seen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says people should focus as much as possible on the basics of healthy eating. “I think that diets that are high in fruits and vegetables, high in real foods and limiting calories are the ones that are healthiest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Heart Association says the new standards for “healthy” are a step in the right direction. “It was past time to update the requirements based on the latest nutrition science,” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.heart.org/en/about-us/nancy-brown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nancy Brown, the CEO\u003c/a>. “Although the updated ‘healthy’ claim is an important update to food labeling, it is voluntary and may only appear on a small number of food and beverage packages,” Brown says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group is urging the FDA to also move forward on front-of-pack nutrition labeling, to make information more visible. They say this would help consumers quickly and easily identify healthier food and beverage options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom has declared a state of emergency in response to the ongoing spread of bird flu among dairy cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2024/12/18/governor-newsom-takes-proactive-action-to-strengthen-robust-state-response-to-bird-flu/\">declaration is a sign of growing concern\u003c/a> over the situation in California, which has become the epicenter of the nation’s outbreak in cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 300 dairy herds \u003ca href=\"https://www.aphis.usda.gov/livestock-poultry-disease/avian/avian-influenza/hpai-detections/hpai-confirmed-cases-livestock\">have tested positive\u003c/a> in the state in the last 30 days alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said that cases detected in dairy cows on farms in Southern California showed that expanded monitoring and a more coordinated statewide response is needed in response to the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This proclamation is a targeted action to ensure government agencies have the resources and flexibility they need,” Newsom said in the statement. “While the risk to the public remains low, we will continue to take all necessary steps to prevent the spread of this virus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California currently accounts for about \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/situation-summary/index.html\">half of known human infections\u003c/a> in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no evidence of ongoing human-to-human spread in California or the rest of the country. However, scientists warn that uncontrolled spread in dairy cattle heightens the risk of spillover into humans, which could give the virus a chance to acquire dangerous mutations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move also comes on the heels of another troubling development — the country’s first case of severe illness detected in a human.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, officials with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shared additional findings about that infection in a resident of Louisiana who was hospitalized after being exposed to sick and dead birds in backyard flocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Genetic sequencing indicates the H5N1 virus responsible for the illness belongs to a genetic lineage that’s circulating in wild birds and poultry — different from what’s spreading in dairy cattle and driving the majority of infections in agricultural workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the U.S., more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/situation-summary/index.html\">60 people have been infected\u003c/a> so far, although some research \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7344a3.htm\">suggests\u003c/a> the official tally may be an undercount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The illnesses linked to dairy cattle have largely led to mild illnesses in humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The version of the virus in the Louisiana case is the D1.1 genotype. It has previously popped up in poultry workers in Washington state, who \u003ca href=\"https://doh.wa.gov/newsroom/first-presumed-human-infections-avian-influenza-under-investigation-washington-state\">developed mild symptoms\u003c/a> after testing positive in October. More recently, however, a teenager in British Columbia was hospitalized after contracting this D1.1 strain of the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Canadian health officials were unable to figure out how that person was infected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='bird-flu' label='Bird Flu Coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case in southwest Louisiana was detected during routine flu surveillance and eventually sent to the CDC for confirmation. The case doesn’t change the CDC’s assessment that the risk to the general public remains low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the hospitalization is a reminder that bird flu has a well-established history of leading to severe illness and death over the past 20 years in other countries, Dr. Demetre Daskalakis with the CDC, told reporters on Wednesday during a press call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daskalakis said his agency is doing additional sequencing to look for any worrying changes in the virus that could signal it’s evolving to better infect humans or cause more severe disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists were concerned that the case in British Columbia exhibited certain mutations that could spell trouble, although more research was needed to understand the exact implications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daskalakis referred reporters to Louisiana officials conducting the investigation into the case for further details on how the person caught the virus and their symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As with the Louisiana infection, most cases have been linked back to some kind of exposure to sick animals. Dairy cattle harbor high loads of virus in their milk and that’s suspected to be causing infections in farm workers. Those working with infected poultry can also catch the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, several cases have cropped up in the U.S. that can’t be tracked back to infected farm animals, including in California and Missouri.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Infections without a clear source of exposure do occur; neither these cases nor the cases with known animal or animal products exposure have resulted in human-to-human transmission,” Daskalakis said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom has declared a state of emergency in response to the ongoing spread of bird flu among dairy cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2024/12/18/governor-newsom-takes-proactive-action-to-strengthen-robust-state-response-to-bird-flu/\">declaration is a sign of growing concern\u003c/a> over the situation in California, which has become the epicenter of the nation’s outbreak in cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 300 dairy herds \u003ca href=\"https://www.aphis.usda.gov/livestock-poultry-disease/avian/avian-influenza/hpai-detections/hpai-confirmed-cases-livestock\">have tested positive\u003c/a> in the state in the last 30 days alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said that cases detected in dairy cows on farms in Southern California showed that expanded monitoring and a more coordinated statewide response is needed in response to the outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This proclamation is a targeted action to ensure government agencies have the resources and flexibility they need,” Newsom said in the statement. “While the risk to the public remains low, we will continue to take all necessary steps to prevent the spread of this virus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California currently accounts for about \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/situation-summary/index.html\">half of known human infections\u003c/a> in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no evidence of ongoing human-to-human spread in California or the rest of the country. However, scientists warn that uncontrolled spread in dairy cattle heightens the risk of spillover into humans, which could give the virus a chance to acquire dangerous mutations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move also comes on the heels of another troubling development — the country’s first case of severe illness detected in a human.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, officials with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shared additional findings about that infection in a resident of Louisiana who was hospitalized after being exposed to sick and dead birds in backyard flocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Genetic sequencing indicates the H5N1 virus responsible for the illness belongs to a genetic lineage that’s circulating in wild birds and poultry — different from what’s spreading in dairy cattle and driving the majority of infections in agricultural workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the U.S., more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/situation-summary/index.html\">60 people have been infected\u003c/a> so far, although some research \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7344a3.htm\">suggests\u003c/a> the official tally may be an undercount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The illnesses linked to dairy cattle have largely led to mild illnesses in humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The version of the virus in the Louisiana case is the D1.1 genotype. It has previously popped up in poultry workers in Washington state, who \u003ca href=\"https://doh.wa.gov/newsroom/first-presumed-human-infections-avian-influenza-under-investigation-washington-state\">developed mild symptoms\u003c/a> after testing positive in October. More recently, however, a teenager in British Columbia was hospitalized after contracting this D1.1 strain of the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Canadian health officials were unable to figure out how that person was infected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case in southwest Louisiana was detected during routine flu surveillance and eventually sent to the CDC for confirmation. The case doesn’t change the CDC’s assessment that the risk to the general public remains low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the hospitalization is a reminder that bird flu has a well-established history of leading to severe illness and death over the past 20 years in other countries, Dr. Demetre Daskalakis with the CDC, told reporters on Wednesday during a press call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daskalakis said his agency is doing additional sequencing to look for any worrying changes in the virus that could signal it’s evolving to better infect humans or cause more severe disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists were concerned that the case in British Columbia exhibited certain mutations that could spell trouble, although more research was needed to understand the exact implications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daskalakis referred reporters to Louisiana officials conducting the investigation into the case for further details on how the person caught the virus and their symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As with the Louisiana infection, most cases have been linked back to some kind of exposure to sick animals. Dairy cattle harbor high loads of virus in their milk and that’s suspected to be causing infections in farm workers. Those working with infected poultry can also catch the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, several cases have cropped up in the U.S. that can’t be tracked back to infected farm animals, including in California and Missouri.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Infections without a clear source of exposure do occur; neither these cases nor the cases with known animal or animal products exposure have resulted in human-to-human transmission,” Daskalakis said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "avian-flu-what-to-know-about-h5n1-virus-risks-beyond-the-headlines",
"title": "Bird Flu: As California Declares State of Emergency, What to Know About Your H5N1 Virus Risks",
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"headTitle": "Bird Flu: As California Declares State of Emergency, What to Know About Your H5N1 Virus Risks | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>California state officials officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12018836/newsom-declares-bird-flu-emergency-california-us-confirms-1st-severe-case\">have declared a state of emergency across the state in response to the ongoing bird flu outbreak\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Dec. 18, Gov. Gavin Newsom confirmed that 34 human bird flu cases have been detected in California and pointed to recent cases detected in dairy cows in Southern California as reason to expand monitoring of the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s announcement comes on the same day the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/bird-flu-severe-louisiana-2b4a5f55a05cf8be9b169c15e8b9582d\">the country’s first case of severe illness in a person with bird flu living in Louisiana.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A human infection was previously detected in the Bay Area in November, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014955/bay-area-potential-first-bird-flu-case-reported-alameda-county-child\">in a child in Alameda County\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since April 2024, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/situation-summary/index.html\">the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has confirmed 61 bird flu infections among humans nationwide.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"bayareah5n1outbreak\">\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>What does it mean that California declared a state of emergency over the bird flu outbreak?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to the California Government Code, the governor can declare a state of emergency when the state, or part of it, is \u003ca href=\"https://www.caloes.ca.gov/office-of-the-director/operations/recovery-directorate/proclamation-process/#:~:text=Pursuant%20to%20California%20Government%20Code%20Section%208625%2C%20the%20Governor%20may,to%20cope%20with%20the%20emergency.\">“affected by a natural or manmade disaster”\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.caloes.ca.gov/office-of-the-director/operations/recovery-directorate/proclamation-process/#:~:text=Pursuant%20to%20California%20Government%20Code%20Section%208625%2C%20the%20Governor%20may,to%20cope%20with%20the%20emergency.\">“emergency conditions require the combined forces of a mutual aid region or regions to combat.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this way, declaring a State of Emergency allows California to free up resources and change or suspend laws to focus on a public health issue, or damage caused by earthquakes or fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state of emergency \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11929285/newsom-to-end-californias-covid-state-of-emergency-in-february\">declared in March 2020 for COVID-19\u003c/a> lasted for almost three years. In that timespan, Newsom was able to dispense hundreds of orders of varying sizes related to the pandemic, ranging from stay-at-home measures to delaying the tax filing deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For context, \u003ca href=\"https://www.caloes.ca.gov/office-of-the-director/policy-administration/legal-affairs/emergency-proclamations/\">there are currently over 50 open State of Emergency proclamations in California\u003c/a> — some statewide and some restricted to counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials say that no person-to-person spread of bird flu has been detected in California, and that the risk of infection for the general public remains low. But almost five years after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, these alarming headlines can be alarming to read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public health experts KQED has spoken throughout the bird flu outbreak affirm that having accurate information about a virus is one way we can all better protect ourselves against future potential threats. “H5N1 is really a metaphor for lots of emerging threats in the future where we need to use the lessons we’ve learned during COVID and apply them again,” said Peter Chin-Hong, infectious disease physician at UC San Francisco. “We are being vigilant but not afraid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for the latest on what researchers know about H5N1 — and how you can think realistically about the risks. Or jump straight to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#avianflu\">What is bird flu?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#canitinfecthumans\">If H5N1 is spreading among cattle, how easily can it infect humans?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#whatarethesymptoms\">How dangerous is H5N1 for humans? What are the symptoms?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#anotherpandemic\">Is this another COVID-style pandemic?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#whatcanidonow\">Is there anything I should be doing now to lower my risks?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"avianflu\">\u003c/a>What is bird flu?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Bird flu, or avian flu, has existed among different bird species for centuries and is caused by the influenza A virus. Most of the time, the influenza A virus sticks to birds, but some strains can jump to other species. The seasonal flu we see each year, for example, is caused by the influenza A virus strain, while another strain of that same virus type \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2013/11/26/247379604/2009-flu-pandemic-was-10-times-more-deadly-than-previously-thought#:~:text=2009%20Flu%20Pandemic%20Was%2010%20Times%20More%20Deadly%20Than%20Previously%20Thought,-November%2026%2C%202013&text=By%20the%20World%20Health%20Organization's,the%20so%2Dcalled%20swine%20flu.\">caused the 2009 swine flu pandemic that cost tens of thousands of lives around the world\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2023, a strain of the influenza A virus, H5N1, has mutated enough to infect a wide variety of mammals, including \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37535475/#:~:text=Abstract,been%20confirmed%20on%2020%20farms.\">foxes in Finland\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/29/12/23-0192_article\">sea lions in Peru,\u003c/a> and, most recently, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1992816/californians-urged-to-avoid-raw-milk-amid-bird-flu-outbreak-on-dairy-farms\">dairy cows in the U.S\u003c/a>.[aside postID=news_11989505 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/GettyImages-992012812-copy-1020x680.jpg']The number of infected cattle herds across the country continues to grow. Since March, the Department of Agriculture (USDA) has confirmed more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/spotlights/h5n1-response-11152024.html\">800 infections among dairy herds\u003c/a> across 16 U.S. states, the majority in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the USDA does not require cattle ranchers to test their herds for H5N1, researchers do not even have a complete picture of how far H5N1 may have spread among American cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The concern about H5N1 has always been there,” said Dr. Jennifer Nuzzo, professor of epidemiology and director of the Pandemic Center at the Brown University School of Public Health. “But in the last couple of years, [the virus] started doing things that have been a bit unusual.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve seen this virus start to infect mammals and a wide range of mammals,” she said, pointing at the different outbreaks throughout the world. “That’s a concern because humans are mammals, and so mammals are more like us than birds are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What makes this recent outbreak the most concerning for Nuzzo is that the virus is now capable of infecting cows. “Cows are mammals that humans have a lot more contact with than all the other mammals that we’ve seen get infected,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"canitinfecthumans\">\u003c/a>So, if H5N1 spreads among cattle, how easily can it infect humans?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>H5N1 \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/spotlights/h5n1-analysis-texas.html\">has not yet evolved to effectively spread between humans\u003c/a>, researchers told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the moment, the vast majority of the confirmed cases among humans were most likely caused by these individuals having previous exposure to an either infected cow or chicken.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if the virus can jump from cow to human, it still needs to evolve a lot more for it to move from human to human. “Certain mutations are necessary for that to happen,” Dr. Abraar Karan, who studies infectious diseases at Stanford University, told KQED in July. Some of those mutations would allow for “the virus remains stable in the air and that it becomes more efficient at infecting certain types of receptors in human lungs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990744\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990744\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/GettyImages-2153339140.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/GettyImages-2153339140.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/GettyImages-2153339140-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/GettyImages-2153339140-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/GettyImages-2153339140-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/GettyImages-2153339140-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jon Arizti Sanz, PhD, Postdoctoral Fellow, is preparing for the extraction protocol while in the lab. The Broad Institute, Sabeti Lab, is testing purchased milk at area grocery stores for the presence of bird flu. \u003ccite>(David L. Ryan/The Boston Globe via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Soon after public health officials announced that they were investigating two new H5N1 cases in California, Karan told KQED that if the virus continues to circulate in farms, that raises the risk of what he refers to as “viral reassortment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Viral reassortment can happen when a human host gets infected with multiple different strains of the virus at once, such as H5N1 and the seasonal flu virus, which are common among humans. “That allows for those strains to exchange genetic material and potentially become more deadly, more transmissible,” Karan explained. “It’s hard to predict what could occur.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also very complicated for researchers to understand the full extent of the H5N1 virus in the cattle industry. Ranchers aren’t required to test their herds for H5N1, which means experts don’t know how many cows have been exposed to the virus — and consequently, how many humans could now be interacting with infected cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We haven’t really contained the virus within dairy cows yet,” UCSF’s Chin-Hong said. “And the more it continues in the dairy cows, the more it’s going to probably result in contact with dairy workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the first confirmed human case of H5N1 back in April, the research community pushed federal officials to prioritize the H5N1 outbreak among cattle, specifically to make testing more accessible. On May 30, the USDA announced that it would transfer $824 million from other existing initiatives \u003ca href=\"https://www.usda.gov/media/press-releases/2024/05/30/usda-announces-824-million-new-funding-protect-livestock-health\">in order to launch the Voluntary H5N1 Dairy Herd Status Pilot Program\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"whatarethesymptoms\">\u003c/a>How dangerous is H5N1 for humans? What are the symptoms?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Dec. 18, the CDC announced the country’s first case of severe bird flu in Louisiana, in a person who was hospitalized after contracting the virus by being exposed to sick and dead birds from a backyard flock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maurice Pitesky, a professor at UC Davis’ School of Veterinary Medicine, said there are ways to keep yourself and your animals safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Washing your hands. Having dedicated clothing and boots that only get used in our backyard coop and don’t get dragged inside,” Pitesky said. “ Because that’s one of the ways, for example, we can transmit other diseases like salmonella.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the CDC’s monitoring of three Texas farmworkers infected with bird flu earlier this year, two patients \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2024/p0401-avian-flu.html\">reported eye redness as their only symptoms, \u003c/a>but \u003ca href=\"https://www.unmc.edu/healthsecurity/transmission/2024/06/04/the-3rd-human-case-of-bird-flu-in-the-us-has-2-new-and-troubling-symptoms/#:~:text=The%20H5N1%20bird%2Dflu%20virus,now%20through%20US%20cattle%20herds.\">the third case reported new symptoms\u003c/a>: a sore throat and a cough.[aside postID=science_1992816 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/240513-RAWMILK-01-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the CDC, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/virus-transmission/avian-in-humans.html#cdc_causes_how_it_spreads-signs-and-symptoms\">signs and symptoms of bird flu\u003c/a> have previously included not just conjunctivitis but mild flu-like upper respiratory symptoms, pneumonia requiring hospitalization, fever, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, muscle or body aches, headaches and fatigue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April, the CDC\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7321e1.htm#:~:text=From%201997%20through%20late%20April,including%20seven%20deaths%2C%20since%202022.\"> confirmed over 900 H5N1 human infections worldwide since 1997\u003c/a>. 52% of those total cases have been fatal, confirming that H5N1 indeed has the potential to be very dangerous to humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, there’s an important context to this. For one thing, this number is a global total spanning a time period of over 25 years. Outbreaks have been scattered throughout the world, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goats-and-soda/2024/06/12/g-s1-4091/avian-flu-cows-chickens-thailand-biosecurity\">health officials have quickly monitored infected individuals to reduce community spread as much as possible\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also very important to remember that, according to researchers, the avian flu virus cannot currently spread from human to human. Only people who work in very close proximity to infected animals, like cows or chickens, run some risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re a farmworker,” Karan said, “and you’re feeling symptoms — or feel like you may have the flu — it’s important that you let your doctor or healthcare provider know, ‘Hey, I work pretty closely with animals.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"anotherpandemic\">\u003c/a>What do officials say at this stage? Could we be looking at another COVID-style pandemic?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The CDC said that the risk of H5N1 to the general public “remains low.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand the risk of H5N1, researchers are working to understand the molecular structure of the virus, the way it moves in the air and how human cells respond to exposure. A big part of this work is looking at the genetic information of the virus.[aside label=\"More Health Stories\" tag=\"cdc\"]In April, the CDC \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/spotlights/h5n1-analysis-texas.html\">sequenced the genome of the H5N1 virus found in a dairy worker infected in Texas\u003c/a>. Researchers identified some mutations in the virus but not the necessary mutations that would give the virus the tools to jump from one human to another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers point out that the overwhelming majority of H5N1 cases in the past two decades show humans caught the virus from animals, not other humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The thing that we’re most worried about right now is the people who work on dairy farms may be exposed to this virus in the course of doing their jobs,” Nuzzo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The challenge in understanding what’s going on right now is that we don’t have very good surveillance on cows,” she said, and “we also don’t have great surveillance on the farms of the people who work there.” She attributed this in part to the fact that “there’s a lot of disincentives for having health officials show up and try to test workers on these farms, [who are] somewhat of a disenfranchised group.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>I heard that someone in Alameda County was infected with bird flu and that the virus has been detected in local wastewater. Does that mean there’s an H5N1 outbreak in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The short answer: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11988972/bay-area-researchers-tracking-bird-flu-in-wastewater-see-no-evidence-of-spread-in-sf\">No, there is no H5N1 outbreak in the Bay Area.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014955/bay-area-potential-first-bird-flu-case-reported-alameda-county-child\">a child in Alameda County was diagnosed with bird flu\u003c/a> with researchers unable to identify how the child was exposed to the virus. That case, which resulted in mild respiratory symptoms, did not spread inside the family or at school. This is the only human bird flu case confirmed in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In order to measure the levels of certain viruses, like COVID-19, among the population, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11987343/covid-bay-area-wastewater-variant-symptoms-isolation-guidance\">researchers regularly test the region’s wastewater\u003c/a>. Since the start of the coronavirus pandemic, high levels of COVID-19 in Bay Area wastewater usually match up with spikes of COVID-19 infections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of May, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11988972/bay-area-researchers-tracking-bird-flu-in-wastewater-see-no-evidence-of-spread-in-sf\">researchers did indeed detect the H5N1 virus in San Francisco wastewater\u003c/a>, which set off alarms across social media. And while it makes sense why a headline like that can cause panic, digging deeper into the data shows a different story.[aside postID=news_11988972 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/GettyImages-1408473939-1020x680.jpg']San Francisco is one of few hundred cities in the country with a combined sewer system, which means stormwater and sewage flow through the same pipes. When researchers collect wastewater samples, that includes water coming from bathrooms, but it also comes mixed with used water from other parts of the city, including businesses and storm drains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The timing of H5N1 in the wastewater matched up with two cases of H5N1 among chickens at a live animal market—sometimes referred to as a wet market—in San Francisco. The infected chickens, which were identified by California food safety regulators and showed no symptoms at the time of testing, were removed from the market. Public health officials have also monitored the market workers who were in contact with the chickens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s health department does not believe that any of the wastewater hits for bird flu are related to human infection. “No one really thinks at this point that the detections are due to human cases of H5N1,” said Dr. George Han, director of the San Francisco Department of Public Health’s communicable disease prevention and control program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you go to a live market, will you be exposed to H5N1? The experts KQED spoke to said no. “Surveillance of poultry has been going on for a long time, even before this,” Karan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he nonetheless recommends that if folks can avoid direct contact with poultry in these settings, they should. “But if you’re going to be near these kinds of birds or near their feces or any kind of secretions they may have,” he said, “wear masks, eye protection and wash your hands.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"whatcanidonow\">\u003c/a>Is there anything I should practically be doing right now to lower my risks?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Most of the recommendations from the CDC are still just for people who work closely with animals that are vulnerable to H5N1 infections, like cows and chickens. This includes recommending people wear personal protective equipment (PPE) when interacting with infected — or potentially infected — animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, some early recommendations for the overall population include avoiding interacting with sick or dead animals you may find, like wild birds and chickens. One big recommendation from the CDC: That folks avoid consuming “raw milk,” or milk that has not been pasteurized.[aside postID=news_11986062 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/AP24134604431971-1020x680.jpg']Most milk sold in the U.S. is pasteurized, which means that during production, this milk was briefly heated to a certain temperature in order to kill harmful germs that may be present. In April, the FDA reported that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11986062/bird-flu-hits-us-dairy-cows-raw-milk-drinkers-arent-deterred\">1 in 5 pasteurized milk products nationwide tested positive for the H5N1 virus\u003c/a> — but since the pasteurization process kills the virus, any H5N1 found was already dead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12017517/california-investigates-possible-marin-county-bird-flu-case-amid-raw-milk-recalls\">California has issued numerous recalls of raw milk due to bird flu contamination in recent weeks\u003c/a>. And while there aren’t any confirmed cases of humans getting sick with H5N1 after drinking raw milk, pasteurizing milk still remains a best practice in the industry to ensure the safety of dairy products and kill not just the H5N1 virus but many other viruses and bacteria that can spread through cow milk and make humans sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, it is legal to sell raw milk, and data shows that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1992816/californians-urged-to-avoid-raw-milk-amid-bird-flu-outbreak-on-dairy-farms\">demand for this product has continued to grow\u003c/a>, even after the CDC’s recommendations. “Everybody in California loves farm-to-table and natural foods,” Chin-Hong said, but he adds that if folks are thinking of consuming raw milk, they should also assess the real risks that come with doing so — especially now, as the U.S. watches for any spread of H5N1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is the juice worth the squeeze?” he asked, “If you are very old or very young, particularly babies under six months or those who are older, that risk might be too high at this moment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story contains reporting by KQED’s Carlos Cabrera-Lomelí, Carly Severn, Nisa Khan, Keith Mizuguchi and Jared Servantez, and was originally published on June 18.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "In 2024, bird flu mutated enough to cause infections among cattle. With dozens of human cases so far in California, and a state of emergency declared, here's how to think about your risks.",
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"title": "Bird Flu: As California Declares State of Emergency, What to Know About Your H5N1 Virus Risks | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California state officials officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12018836/newsom-declares-bird-flu-emergency-california-us-confirms-1st-severe-case\">have declared a state of emergency across the state in response to the ongoing bird flu outbreak\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Dec. 18, Gov. Gavin Newsom confirmed that 34 human bird flu cases have been detected in California and pointed to recent cases detected in dairy cows in Southern California as reason to expand monitoring of the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s announcement comes on the same day the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/bird-flu-severe-louisiana-2b4a5f55a05cf8be9b169c15e8b9582d\">the country’s first case of severe illness in a person with bird flu living in Louisiana.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A human infection was previously detected in the Bay Area in November, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014955/bay-area-potential-first-bird-flu-case-reported-alameda-county-child\">in a child in Alameda County\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since April 2024, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/situation-summary/index.html\">the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has confirmed 61 bird flu infections among humans nationwide.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"bayareah5n1outbreak\">\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>What does it mean that California declared a state of emergency over the bird flu outbreak?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to the California Government Code, the governor can declare a state of emergency when the state, or part of it, is \u003ca href=\"https://www.caloes.ca.gov/office-of-the-director/operations/recovery-directorate/proclamation-process/#:~:text=Pursuant%20to%20California%20Government%20Code%20Section%208625%2C%20the%20Governor%20may,to%20cope%20with%20the%20emergency.\">“affected by a natural or manmade disaster”\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.caloes.ca.gov/office-of-the-director/operations/recovery-directorate/proclamation-process/#:~:text=Pursuant%20to%20California%20Government%20Code%20Section%208625%2C%20the%20Governor%20may,to%20cope%20with%20the%20emergency.\">“emergency conditions require the combined forces of a mutual aid region or regions to combat.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this way, declaring a State of Emergency allows California to free up resources and change or suspend laws to focus on a public health issue, or damage caused by earthquakes or fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state of emergency \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11929285/newsom-to-end-californias-covid-state-of-emergency-in-february\">declared in March 2020 for COVID-19\u003c/a> lasted for almost three years. In that timespan, Newsom was able to dispense hundreds of orders of varying sizes related to the pandemic, ranging from stay-at-home measures to delaying the tax filing deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For context, \u003ca href=\"https://www.caloes.ca.gov/office-of-the-director/policy-administration/legal-affairs/emergency-proclamations/\">there are currently over 50 open State of Emergency proclamations in California\u003c/a> — some statewide and some restricted to counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials say that no person-to-person spread of bird flu has been detected in California, and that the risk of infection for the general public remains low. But almost five years after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, these alarming headlines can be alarming to read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public health experts KQED has spoken throughout the bird flu outbreak affirm that having accurate information about a virus is one way we can all better protect ourselves against future potential threats. “H5N1 is really a metaphor for lots of emerging threats in the future where we need to use the lessons we’ve learned during COVID and apply them again,” said Peter Chin-Hong, infectious disease physician at UC San Francisco. “We are being vigilant but not afraid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for the latest on what researchers know about H5N1 — and how you can think realistically about the risks. Or jump straight to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#avianflu\">What is bird flu?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#canitinfecthumans\">If H5N1 is spreading among cattle, how easily can it infect humans?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#whatarethesymptoms\">How dangerous is H5N1 for humans? What are the symptoms?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#anotherpandemic\">Is this another COVID-style pandemic?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#whatcanidonow\">Is there anything I should be doing now to lower my risks?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"avianflu\">\u003c/a>What is bird flu?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Bird flu, or avian flu, has existed among different bird species for centuries and is caused by the influenza A virus. Most of the time, the influenza A virus sticks to birds, but some strains can jump to other species. The seasonal flu we see each year, for example, is caused by the influenza A virus strain, while another strain of that same virus type \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2013/11/26/247379604/2009-flu-pandemic-was-10-times-more-deadly-than-previously-thought#:~:text=2009%20Flu%20Pandemic%20Was%2010%20Times%20More%20Deadly%20Than%20Previously%20Thought,-November%2026%2C%202013&text=By%20the%20World%20Health%20Organization's,the%20so%2Dcalled%20swine%20flu.\">caused the 2009 swine flu pandemic that cost tens of thousands of lives around the world\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2023, a strain of the influenza A virus, H5N1, has mutated enough to infect a wide variety of mammals, including \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37535475/#:~:text=Abstract,been%20confirmed%20on%2020%20farms.\">foxes in Finland\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/29/12/23-0192_article\">sea lions in Peru,\u003c/a> and, most recently, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1992816/californians-urged-to-avoid-raw-milk-amid-bird-flu-outbreak-on-dairy-farms\">dairy cows in the U.S\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The number of infected cattle herds across the country continues to grow. Since March, the Department of Agriculture (USDA) has confirmed more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/spotlights/h5n1-response-11152024.html\">800 infections among dairy herds\u003c/a> across 16 U.S. states, the majority in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the USDA does not require cattle ranchers to test their herds for H5N1, researchers do not even have a complete picture of how far H5N1 may have spread among American cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The concern about H5N1 has always been there,” said Dr. Jennifer Nuzzo, professor of epidemiology and director of the Pandemic Center at the Brown University School of Public Health. “But in the last couple of years, [the virus] started doing things that have been a bit unusual.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve seen this virus start to infect mammals and a wide range of mammals,” she said, pointing at the different outbreaks throughout the world. “That’s a concern because humans are mammals, and so mammals are more like us than birds are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What makes this recent outbreak the most concerning for Nuzzo is that the virus is now capable of infecting cows. “Cows are mammals that humans have a lot more contact with than all the other mammals that we’ve seen get infected,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"canitinfecthumans\">\u003c/a>So, if H5N1 spreads among cattle, how easily can it infect humans?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>H5N1 \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/spotlights/h5n1-analysis-texas.html\">has not yet evolved to effectively spread between humans\u003c/a>, researchers told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the moment, the vast majority of the confirmed cases among humans were most likely caused by these individuals having previous exposure to an either infected cow or chicken.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if the virus can jump from cow to human, it still needs to evolve a lot more for it to move from human to human. “Certain mutations are necessary for that to happen,” Dr. Abraar Karan, who studies infectious diseases at Stanford University, told KQED in July. Some of those mutations would allow for “the virus remains stable in the air and that it becomes more efficient at infecting certain types of receptors in human lungs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11990744\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11990744\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/GettyImages-2153339140.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/GettyImages-2153339140.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/GettyImages-2153339140-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/GettyImages-2153339140-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/GettyImages-2153339140-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/GettyImages-2153339140-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jon Arizti Sanz, PhD, Postdoctoral Fellow, is preparing for the extraction protocol while in the lab. The Broad Institute, Sabeti Lab, is testing purchased milk at area grocery stores for the presence of bird flu. \u003ccite>(David L. Ryan/The Boston Globe via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Soon after public health officials announced that they were investigating two new H5N1 cases in California, Karan told KQED that if the virus continues to circulate in farms, that raises the risk of what he refers to as “viral reassortment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Viral reassortment can happen when a human host gets infected with multiple different strains of the virus at once, such as H5N1 and the seasonal flu virus, which are common among humans. “That allows for those strains to exchange genetic material and potentially become more deadly, more transmissible,” Karan explained. “It’s hard to predict what could occur.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also very complicated for researchers to understand the full extent of the H5N1 virus in the cattle industry. Ranchers aren’t required to test their herds for H5N1, which means experts don’t know how many cows have been exposed to the virus — and consequently, how many humans could now be interacting with infected cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We haven’t really contained the virus within dairy cows yet,” UCSF’s Chin-Hong said. “And the more it continues in the dairy cows, the more it’s going to probably result in contact with dairy workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the first confirmed human case of H5N1 back in April, the research community pushed federal officials to prioritize the H5N1 outbreak among cattle, specifically to make testing more accessible. On May 30, the USDA announced that it would transfer $824 million from other existing initiatives \u003ca href=\"https://www.usda.gov/media/press-releases/2024/05/30/usda-announces-824-million-new-funding-protect-livestock-health\">in order to launch the Voluntary H5N1 Dairy Herd Status Pilot Program\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"whatarethesymptoms\">\u003c/a>How dangerous is H5N1 for humans? What are the symptoms?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Dec. 18, the CDC announced the country’s first case of severe bird flu in Louisiana, in a person who was hospitalized after contracting the virus by being exposed to sick and dead birds from a backyard flock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maurice Pitesky, a professor at UC Davis’ School of Veterinary Medicine, said there are ways to keep yourself and your animals safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Washing your hands. Having dedicated clothing and boots that only get used in our backyard coop and don’t get dragged inside,” Pitesky said. “ Because that’s one of the ways, for example, we can transmit other diseases like salmonella.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the CDC’s monitoring of three Texas farmworkers infected with bird flu earlier this year, two patients \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2024/p0401-avian-flu.html\">reported eye redness as their only symptoms, \u003c/a>but \u003ca href=\"https://www.unmc.edu/healthsecurity/transmission/2024/06/04/the-3rd-human-case-of-bird-flu-in-the-us-has-2-new-and-troubling-symptoms/#:~:text=The%20H5N1%20bird%2Dflu%20virus,now%20through%20US%20cattle%20herds.\">the third case reported new symptoms\u003c/a>: a sore throat and a cough.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the CDC, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/virus-transmission/avian-in-humans.html#cdc_causes_how_it_spreads-signs-and-symptoms\">signs and symptoms of bird flu\u003c/a> have previously included not just conjunctivitis but mild flu-like upper respiratory symptoms, pneumonia requiring hospitalization, fever, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, muscle or body aches, headaches and fatigue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In April, the CDC\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7321e1.htm#:~:text=From%201997%20through%20late%20April,including%20seven%20deaths%2C%20since%202022.\"> confirmed over 900 H5N1 human infections worldwide since 1997\u003c/a>. 52% of those total cases have been fatal, confirming that H5N1 indeed has the potential to be very dangerous to humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, there’s an important context to this. For one thing, this number is a global total spanning a time period of over 25 years. Outbreaks have been scattered throughout the world, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/goats-and-soda/2024/06/12/g-s1-4091/avian-flu-cows-chickens-thailand-biosecurity\">health officials have quickly monitored infected individuals to reduce community spread as much as possible\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also very important to remember that, according to researchers, the avian flu virus cannot currently spread from human to human. Only people who work in very close proximity to infected animals, like cows or chickens, run some risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re a farmworker,” Karan said, “and you’re feeling symptoms — or feel like you may have the flu — it’s important that you let your doctor or healthcare provider know, ‘Hey, I work pretty closely with animals.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"anotherpandemic\">\u003c/a>What do officials say at this stage? Could we be looking at another COVID-style pandemic?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The CDC said that the risk of H5N1 to the general public “remains low.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand the risk of H5N1, researchers are working to understand the molecular structure of the virus, the way it moves in the air and how human cells respond to exposure. A big part of this work is looking at the genetic information of the virus.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In April, the CDC \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/spotlights/h5n1-analysis-texas.html\">sequenced the genome of the H5N1 virus found in a dairy worker infected in Texas\u003c/a>. Researchers identified some mutations in the virus but not the necessary mutations that would give the virus the tools to jump from one human to another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers point out that the overwhelming majority of H5N1 cases in the past two decades show humans caught the virus from animals, not other humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The thing that we’re most worried about right now is the people who work on dairy farms may be exposed to this virus in the course of doing their jobs,” Nuzzo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The challenge in understanding what’s going on right now is that we don’t have very good surveillance on cows,” she said, and “we also don’t have great surveillance on the farms of the people who work there.” She attributed this in part to the fact that “there’s a lot of disincentives for having health officials show up and try to test workers on these farms, [who are] somewhat of a disenfranchised group.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>I heard that someone in Alameda County was infected with bird flu and that the virus has been detected in local wastewater. Does that mean there’s an H5N1 outbreak in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The short answer: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11988972/bay-area-researchers-tracking-bird-flu-in-wastewater-see-no-evidence-of-spread-in-sf\">No, there is no H5N1 outbreak in the Bay Area.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014955/bay-area-potential-first-bird-flu-case-reported-alameda-county-child\">a child in Alameda County was diagnosed with bird flu\u003c/a> with researchers unable to identify how the child was exposed to the virus. That case, which resulted in mild respiratory symptoms, did not spread inside the family or at school. This is the only human bird flu case confirmed in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In order to measure the levels of certain viruses, like COVID-19, among the population, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11987343/covid-bay-area-wastewater-variant-symptoms-isolation-guidance\">researchers regularly test the region’s wastewater\u003c/a>. Since the start of the coronavirus pandemic, high levels of COVID-19 in Bay Area wastewater usually match up with spikes of COVID-19 infections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of May, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11988972/bay-area-researchers-tracking-bird-flu-in-wastewater-see-no-evidence-of-spread-in-sf\">researchers did indeed detect the H5N1 virus in San Francisco wastewater\u003c/a>, which set off alarms across social media. And while it makes sense why a headline like that can cause panic, digging deeper into the data shows a different story.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>San Francisco is one of few hundred cities in the country with a combined sewer system, which means stormwater and sewage flow through the same pipes. When researchers collect wastewater samples, that includes water coming from bathrooms, but it also comes mixed with used water from other parts of the city, including businesses and storm drains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The timing of H5N1 in the wastewater matched up with two cases of H5N1 among chickens at a live animal market—sometimes referred to as a wet market—in San Francisco. The infected chickens, which were identified by California food safety regulators and showed no symptoms at the time of testing, were removed from the market. Public health officials have also monitored the market workers who were in contact with the chickens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s health department does not believe that any of the wastewater hits for bird flu are related to human infection. “No one really thinks at this point that the detections are due to human cases of H5N1,” said Dr. George Han, director of the San Francisco Department of Public Health’s communicable disease prevention and control program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you go to a live market, will you be exposed to H5N1? The experts KQED spoke to said no. “Surveillance of poultry has been going on for a long time, even before this,” Karan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he nonetheless recommends that if folks can avoid direct contact with poultry in these settings, they should. “But if you’re going to be near these kinds of birds or near their feces or any kind of secretions they may have,” he said, “wear masks, eye protection and wash your hands.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"whatcanidonow\">\u003c/a>Is there anything I should practically be doing right now to lower my risks?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Most of the recommendations from the CDC are still just for people who work closely with animals that are vulnerable to H5N1 infections, like cows and chickens. This includes recommending people wear personal protective equipment (PPE) when interacting with infected — or potentially infected — animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, some early recommendations for the overall population include avoiding interacting with sick or dead animals you may find, like wild birds and chickens. One big recommendation from the CDC: That folks avoid consuming “raw milk,” or milk that has not been pasteurized.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Most milk sold in the U.S. is pasteurized, which means that during production, this milk was briefly heated to a certain temperature in order to kill harmful germs that may be present. In April, the FDA reported that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11986062/bird-flu-hits-us-dairy-cows-raw-milk-drinkers-arent-deterred\">1 in 5 pasteurized milk products nationwide tested positive for the H5N1 virus\u003c/a> — but since the pasteurization process kills the virus, any H5N1 found was already dead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12017517/california-investigates-possible-marin-county-bird-flu-case-amid-raw-milk-recalls\">California has issued numerous recalls of raw milk due to bird flu contamination in recent weeks\u003c/a>. And while there aren’t any confirmed cases of humans getting sick with H5N1 after drinking raw milk, pasteurizing milk still remains a best practice in the industry to ensure the safety of dairy products and kill not just the H5N1 virus but many other viruses and bacteria that can spread through cow milk and make humans sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, it is legal to sell raw milk, and data shows that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1992816/californians-urged-to-avoid-raw-milk-amid-bird-flu-outbreak-on-dairy-farms\">demand for this product has continued to grow\u003c/a>, even after the CDC’s recommendations. “Everybody in California loves farm-to-table and natural foods,” Chin-Hong said, but he adds that if folks are thinking of consuming raw milk, they should also assess the real risks that come with doing so — especially now, as the U.S. watches for any spread of H5N1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is the juice worth the squeeze?” he asked, “If you are very old or very young, particularly babies under six months or those who are older, that risk might be too high at this moment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story contains reporting by KQED’s Carlos Cabrera-Lomelí, Carly Severn, Nisa Khan, Keith Mizuguchi and Jared Servantez, and was originally published on June 18.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 2:25 p.m. Wednesday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/gavin-newsom\">Gavin Newsom\u003c/a> declared a state of emergency on Wednesday in response to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bird-flu\">bird flu\u003c/a> outbreak, an action meant to allow the state and local agencies additional resources to increase virus surveillance and slow the spread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The declaration comes as new dairy cows in Southern California test positive. The state’s Department of Food and Agriculture has detected the virus at \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/AHFSS/Animal_Health/HPAI.html\">645 dairies\u003c/a>, about half of them in the last month. To date, the virus has not spread from person-to-person in California, and nearly all infected individuals were exposed to infected cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s announcement coincides with concerning news from Louisiana, where the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported the nation’s first severe human case of bird flu. The patient, who was exposed to sick and dead birds in their backyard flock, is currently hospitalized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Agriculture started testing the nation’s milk supply for bird flu earlier this month, and the agency alerted dairy processors that they may have to provide samples of raw milk on request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12018020 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/GettyImages-2153339140-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maurice Pitesky, a professor at UC Davis’ School of Veterinary Medicine, said there are ways to keep yourself and your animals safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Washing your hands. Having dedicated clothing and boots that only get used in our backyard coop and don’t get dragged inside,” Pitesky said. “ Because that’s one of the ways, for example, we can transmit other diseases like salmonella.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To date, California has recorded 34 human bird flu cases this year. The virus is present among dairy cattle in 16 states across the country. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is a developing story, and it will be updated. KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/kmizuguchi\">Keith Mizuguchi\u003c/a> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 2:25 p.m. Wednesday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/gavin-newsom\">Gavin Newsom\u003c/a> declared a state of emergency on Wednesday in response to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bird-flu\">bird flu\u003c/a> outbreak, an action meant to allow the state and local agencies additional resources to increase virus surveillance and slow the spread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The declaration comes as new dairy cows in Southern California test positive. The state’s Department of Food and Agriculture has detected the virus at \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/AHFSS/Animal_Health/HPAI.html\">645 dairies\u003c/a>, about half of them in the last month. To date, the virus has not spread from person-to-person in California, and nearly all infected individuals were exposed to infected cattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s announcement coincides with concerning news from Louisiana, where the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported the nation’s first severe human case of bird flu. The patient, who was exposed to sick and dead birds in their backyard flock, is currently hospitalized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Agriculture started testing the nation’s milk supply for bird flu earlier this month, and the agency alerted dairy processors that they may have to provide samples of raw milk on request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maurice Pitesky, a professor at UC Davis’ School of Veterinary Medicine, said there are ways to keep yourself and your animals safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Washing your hands. Having dedicated clothing and boots that only get used in our backyard coop and don’t get dragged inside,” Pitesky said. “ Because that’s one of the ways, for example, we can transmit other diseases like salmonella.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To date, California has recorded 34 human bird flu cases this year. The virus is present among dairy cattle in 16 states across the country. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is a developing story, and it will be updated. KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/kmizuguchi\">Keith Mizuguchi\u003c/a> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>As national scrutiny of health insurance intensifies, California officials have fined \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/stateofhealth/tag/anthem-blue-cross\">Anthem Blue Cross\u003c/a> $3.5 million for mishandling member complaints over coverage denials and other issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fine stems from the company’s failure to handle more than 10,000 complaints from its members in a timely manner over a two-year period, according to the state’s Department of Managed Health Care. Patient care advocate Linda Winkler Garvin said such behavior can be medically dangerous for patients and strain their mental health as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It affects their life because many people — whether they [have] cancer or have chronic diseases or an acute problem — need that authorization as soon as possible and within those required days,” she told KQED. “It’s deleterious to their health to not get these on time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DMHC began investigating Anthem Blue Cross, also known as Blue Cross of California, after the company reported a large number of late acknowledgment and resolution letters. These are sent when a patient files a complaint, otherwise known as an appeal or grievance, after receiving a denial for health care services they requested or dealing with another delay or modification to their care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California law requires companies to acknowledge receiving the complaint within five days, but DMHC found that between July 2020 and September 2022, Anthem did not send acknowledgments of 11,670 member grievances within that window. More than 1,600 were not acknowledged for more than 51 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anthem also failed to resolve grievances and issue a written resolution within the standard 30-day window in many cases. More than 4,000 resolution letters were sent out late, including 1,630 after more than 51 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12016821 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/241205-SCCTRASH-JG-5-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garvin said that there are many cases in which getting timely responses from health insurers is imperative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patients who need medications to treat chronic or mental health conditions could lose progress if they are no longer able to get them covered by insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there’s periods of weeks or days that the individual or the patient does not get that treatment because it’s delayed authorization, it just exacerbates the problem,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also acute injuries or cancer diagnoses that require time-sensitive procedures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plus, waiting on hold, following up on delayed claims or trying to get an explanation for why a claim was denied can be extremely stressful and frustrating for patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It affects them physically and emotionally,” Garvin said. “I’m talking to people, and they’re calling 12 times, 20 times and many times, people don’t get back to them. If they do, they say there’s a delay and don’t give a particular reason.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It puts patients through an ordeal they should not have to go through,” she continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anthem said it has collaborated with DMHC to address the matter and takes member concerns seriously. DMHC said the company has paid the fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As part of our commitment to improving the member experience, we’ve made meaningful updates to our grievance and appeals process and invested in advanced system enhancements,” an Anthem Blue Cross spokesperson said. “These changes are designed to simplify the health care journey and better serve our members.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As national scrutiny of health insurance intensifies, California officials have fined \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/stateofhealth/tag/anthem-blue-cross\">Anthem Blue Cross\u003c/a> $3.5 million for mishandling member complaints over coverage denials and other issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fine stems from the company’s failure to handle more than 10,000 complaints from its members in a timely manner over a two-year period, according to the state’s Department of Managed Health Care. Patient care advocate Linda Winkler Garvin said such behavior can be medically dangerous for patients and strain their mental health as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It affects their life because many people — whether they [have] cancer or have chronic diseases or an acute problem — need that authorization as soon as possible and within those required days,” she told KQED. “It’s deleterious to their health to not get these on time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garvin said that there are many cases in which getting timely responses from health insurers is imperative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patients who need medications to treat chronic or mental health conditions could lose progress if they are no longer able to get them covered by insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there’s periods of weeks or days that the individual or the patient does not get that treatment because it’s delayed authorization, it just exacerbates the problem,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also acute injuries or cancer diagnoses that require time-sensitive procedures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plus, waiting on hold, following up on delayed claims or trying to get an explanation for why a claim was denied can be extremely stressful and frustrating for patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It affects them physically and emotionally,” Garvin said. “I’m talking to people, and they’re calling 12 times, 20 times and many times, people don’t get back to them. If they do, they say there’s a delay and don’t give a particular reason.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It puts patients through an ordeal they should not have to go through,” she continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anthem said it has collaborated with DMHC to address the matter and takes member concerns seriously. DMHC said the company has paid the fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As part of our commitment to improving the member experience, we’ve made meaningful updates to our grievance and appeals process and invested in advanced system enhancements,” an Anthem Blue Cross spokesperson said. “These changes are designed to simplify the health care journey and better serve our members.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The number of whooping cough cases in Berkeley has nearly quadrupled so far this winter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014470/whooping-cough-is-soaring-in-the-bay-area-heres-how-to-get-vaccines\">amid a statewide surge\u003c/a>, KQED has learned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#whooping-cough-vaccine\">Where can I find the whooping cough vaccine?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>As of Dec. 1, Berkeley city officials said 83 confirmed or probable cases of whooping cough, or pertussis, had been reported this year. That’s up from 18 that were \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/CDPH%20Document%20Library/Immunization/Pertussis_Report_SEP2024.pdf\">confirmed by the end of September\u003c/a>, according to the California Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every five to seven years, we see some kind of bump in pertussis numbers,” said Dr. Gail Newel, the city’s interim health officer. “So, it looks like this year might be that year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a slight uptick in cases through September, the city recorded \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/CDPH%20Document%20Library/Immunization/Pertussis_Report_OCT2024.pdf\">48 new cases in October\u003c/a>, bringing the year’s total to 66, then 17 cases in November to hit 83. The increase throughout October and November includes several cases at Berkeley High School and UC Berkeley, public information officer Maitée Rossoukhi told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/20844784/embed\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" class=\"flourish-embed-iframe\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px;\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year marks a stark difference in reported whooping cough cases in the city. From 2020 to 2023, the California Department of Public Health said that only four cases were reported within Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase could be due in part to the waning effectiveness of vaccines people receive in childhood, Newel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Infants and children are especially vulnerable to the disease, which can be spread through droplets released from a cough or sneeze. Symptoms can mimic those of a common cold — a runny nose and fever — and cause coughing fits and difficulty breathing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12014470 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/WhoopingCoughGetty-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley’s uptick is part of a growing trend of whooping cough cases in California and the Bay Area, especially in Marin County, that health experts believe can be attributed to vaccine hesitancy and lack of access to healthcare, among other factors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s part of a general trend of vaccine hesitancy and lack of access during COVID that hasn’t caught up yet,” said Dr. Peter Chin-Hong, an infectious disease specialist at UC San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s whooping cough numbers have also surged this year, jumping from 644 total throughout 2023 to over 2,190 reported cases in 2024, according to the state’s Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Abraar Karan, an infectious disease physician and researcher at Stanford University, said this week that he’s seen many patients who didn’t have updated Tdap vaccinations, which is the vaccine for older children and adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been seeing a lot of people who are not up to date and have no clue when they last got it,” he said. “Remember, a lot of people do not have primary care doctors, so no one’s checking on this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Karan and Chin-Hong said the best thing to do when there’s an increase in cases is to notify residents and local healthcare providers and ensure vaccinations are up to date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Knowing that there’s been an increase in pertussis cases, that could be something that’s helpful to then start testing for that,” Karan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newel said Berkeley is recommending the same, particularly for young children, who are most at risk of death, and pregnant women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Get people vaccinated, get people tested,” Karan said. “That’s what you have to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"whooping-cough-vaccine\">\u003c/a>Where can I find the whooping cough vaccine?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/vaccines/types.html\">The “whooping cough vaccine” \u003c/a>is a combination vaccine that protects against not just pertussis but also tetanus and diphtheria. It’s called the DTaP vaccine for babies and children under 7 and the Tdap vaccine for older children and adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>For babies and young children (DTaP vaccine)\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Multiple shots are recommended for maximum immunity. Babies are recommended to get three DTaP shots — one at 2 months, 4 months and 6 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that children then get two booster shots later (at 15–18 months and 4–6 years) to maintain their protection in early childhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>For older children (Tdap vaccine)\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The CDC said that preteens should get a Tdap shot between the ages of 11 and 12 years as a booster — and any teenager who didn’t get this earlier shot should get one the next time they visit their provider.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>For adults (Tdap vaccine)\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you’re an adult who’s never had a Tdap shot, the CDC said you should get one — at any time. The agency also recommends that adults get a booster every 10 years. Pregnant people are also advised to get a Tdap shot early in the third trimester of every pregnancy to protect their baby from whooping cough in their vulnerable first few newborn months.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where can I find a shot in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you have health insurance, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/vaccines/recommendations.html\">the CDC’s recommendation for these shots\u003c/a> means that your insurer should cover the costs. You can find appointments for a Tdap vaccine at:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Your regular health care provider\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A local pharmacy like \u003ca href=\"https://www.cvs.com/immunizations/tdap-dtap\">CVS \u003c/a>or \u003ca href=\"https://www.walgreens.com/topic/pharmacy/scheduler/tdap-td-tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis-vaccine_32.jsp\">Walgreens\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.vaccines.gov/en/\">vaccines.gov\u003c/a>, the federal government’s vaccine locator\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://myturn.ca.gov/vaccinelocator.html\">myturn.ca.gov\u003c/a>, the state’s vaccine locator\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>For those without insurance: Uninsured children ages 18 and under can get free DTaP vaccines — and other no-cost immunizations — as part of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/programs/vfc/index.html\">Vaccines for Children Program\u003c/a>. People without insurance can get the vaccine at a lower cost — or even free\u003ca href=\"https://eziz.org/assets/docs/IMM-1247.pdf\"> if they qualify for the Vaccines for Adults Program\u003c/a> — from several providers and community clinics around the Bay Area, including:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sf.gov/information/aitc-services-and-prices\">San Francisco Department of Public Health’s AITC clinic\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://cchealth.org/immunization/clinics.php#Uninsured\">Contra Costa Public Health Immunization Clinic\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://acphd.org/clinics/\">Alameda County Immunization Clinics.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>(And while you’re at it, remember that now is a great time to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12001396/where-can-i-get-new-covid-vaccine-near-me-2024\">get your updated COVID-19 shot and your flu vaccine, too\u003c/a>, in winter respiratory virus season.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The increase in pertussis cases in Berkeley so far this winter comes amid a statewide surge in the disease, which largely affects young children and infants.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The number of whooping cough cases in Berkeley has nearly quadrupled so far this winter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014470/whooping-cough-is-soaring-in-the-bay-area-heres-how-to-get-vaccines\">amid a statewide surge\u003c/a>, KQED has learned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#whooping-cough-vaccine\">Where can I find the whooping cough vaccine?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>As of Dec. 1, Berkeley city officials said 83 confirmed or probable cases of whooping cough, or pertussis, had been reported this year. That’s up from 18 that were \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/CDPH%20Document%20Library/Immunization/Pertussis_Report_SEP2024.pdf\">confirmed by the end of September\u003c/a>, according to the California Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every five to seven years, we see some kind of bump in pertussis numbers,” said Dr. Gail Newel, the city’s interim health officer. “So, it looks like this year might be that year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a slight uptick in cases through September, the city recorded \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/CDPH%20Document%20Library/Immunization/Pertussis_Report_OCT2024.pdf\">48 new cases in October\u003c/a>, bringing the year’s total to 66, then 17 cases in November to hit 83. The increase throughout October and November includes several cases at Berkeley High School and UC Berkeley, public information officer Maitée Rossoukhi told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/20844784/embed\" title=\"Interactive or visual content\" class=\"flourish-embed-iframe\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px;\" sandbox=\"allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-scripts allow-downloads allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year marks a stark difference in reported whooping cough cases in the city. From 2020 to 2023, the California Department of Public Health said that only four cases were reported within Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase could be due in part to the waning effectiveness of vaccines people receive in childhood, Newel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Infants and children are especially vulnerable to the disease, which can be spread through droplets released from a cough or sneeze. Symptoms can mimic those of a common cold — a runny nose and fever — and cause coughing fits and difficulty breathing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley’s uptick is part of a growing trend of whooping cough cases in California and the Bay Area, especially in Marin County, that health experts believe can be attributed to vaccine hesitancy and lack of access to healthcare, among other factors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s part of a general trend of vaccine hesitancy and lack of access during COVID that hasn’t caught up yet,” said Dr. Peter Chin-Hong, an infectious disease specialist at UC San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s whooping cough numbers have also surged this year, jumping from 644 total throughout 2023 to over 2,190 reported cases in 2024, according to the state’s Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Abraar Karan, an infectious disease physician and researcher at Stanford University, said this week that he’s seen many patients who didn’t have updated Tdap vaccinations, which is the vaccine for older children and adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been seeing a lot of people who are not up to date and have no clue when they last got it,” he said. “Remember, a lot of people do not have primary care doctors, so no one’s checking on this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Karan and Chin-Hong said the best thing to do when there’s an increase in cases is to notify residents and local healthcare providers and ensure vaccinations are up to date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Knowing that there’s been an increase in pertussis cases, that could be something that’s helpful to then start testing for that,” Karan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newel said Berkeley is recommending the same, particularly for young children, who are most at risk of death, and pregnant women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Get people vaccinated, get people tested,” Karan said. “That’s what you have to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"whooping-cough-vaccine\">\u003c/a>Where can I find the whooping cough vaccine?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/vaccines/types.html\">The “whooping cough vaccine” \u003c/a>is a combination vaccine that protects against not just pertussis but also tetanus and diphtheria. It’s called the DTaP vaccine for babies and children under 7 and the Tdap vaccine for older children and adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>For babies and young children (DTaP vaccine)\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Multiple shots are recommended for maximum immunity. Babies are recommended to get three DTaP shots — one at 2 months, 4 months and 6 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that children then get two booster shots later (at 15–18 months and 4–6 years) to maintain their protection in early childhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>For older children (Tdap vaccine)\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The CDC said that preteens should get a Tdap shot between the ages of 11 and 12 years as a booster — and any teenager who didn’t get this earlier shot should get one the next time they visit their provider.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>For adults (Tdap vaccine)\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you’re an adult who’s never had a Tdap shot, the CDC said you should get one — at any time. The agency also recommends that adults get a booster every 10 years. Pregnant people are also advised to get a Tdap shot early in the third trimester of every pregnancy to protect their baby from whooping cough in their vulnerable first few newborn months.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where can I find a shot in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you have health insurance, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/vaccines/recommendations.html\">the CDC’s recommendation for these shots\u003c/a> means that your insurer should cover the costs. You can find appointments for a Tdap vaccine at:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Your regular health care provider\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A local pharmacy like \u003ca href=\"https://www.cvs.com/immunizations/tdap-dtap\">CVS \u003c/a>or \u003ca href=\"https://www.walgreens.com/topic/pharmacy/scheduler/tdap-td-tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis-vaccine_32.jsp\">Walgreens\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.vaccines.gov/en/\">vaccines.gov\u003c/a>, the federal government’s vaccine locator\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://myturn.ca.gov/vaccinelocator.html\">myturn.ca.gov\u003c/a>, the state’s vaccine locator\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>For those without insurance: Uninsured children ages 18 and under can get free DTaP vaccines — and other no-cost immunizations — as part of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/programs/vfc/index.html\">Vaccines for Children Program\u003c/a>. People without insurance can get the vaccine at a lower cost — or even free\u003ca href=\"https://eziz.org/assets/docs/IMM-1247.pdf\"> if they qualify for the Vaccines for Adults Program\u003c/a> — from several providers and community clinics around the Bay Area, including:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sf.gov/information/aitc-services-and-prices\">San Francisco Department of Public Health’s AITC clinic\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://cchealth.org/immunization/clinics.php#Uninsured\">Contra Costa Public Health Immunization Clinic\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://acphd.org/clinics/\">Alameda County Immunization Clinics.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>(And while you’re at it, remember that now is a great time to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12001396/where-can-i-get-new-covid-vaccine-near-me-2024\">get your updated COVID-19 shot and your flu vaccine, too\u003c/a>, in winter respiratory virus season.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "cdc-clears-california-toddler-after-bird-flu-scare",
"title": "CDC Clears California Toddler After Bird Flu Scare",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention concluded an investigation into a potential bird flu case involving a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/marin-county\">Marin County\u003c/a> toddler, finding no evidence of the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The child, who was brought to an emergency department with a fever and vomiting, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12017517/california-investigates-possible-marin-county-bird-flu-case-amid-raw-milk-recalls\">initially triggered concerns\u003c/a> about possible bird flu transmission because the toddler consumed raw milk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Initial testing revealed that the child had influenza A — a category that includes both seasonal flu and H5 bird flu — and has since recovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014955/bay-area-potential-first-bird-flu-case-reported-alameda-county-child\">a child in Alameda County\u003c/a> was diagnosed with bird flu without a clear exposure pathway. That case, which resulted in mild respiratory symptoms, did not spread inside the family or at school. This follows the trend in other human bird flu cases where patients presented mild symptoms — primarily conjunctivitis and nasal stuffiness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, the San Francisco Zoo \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12017684/san-francisco-zoo-closes-aviaries-after-bird-flu-found-dead-wild-hawk\">temporarily closed its indoor bird exhibits\u003c/a> after a dead hawk found on its grounds tested positive for bird flu. The bird, a red-shouldered hawk, was a wild bird that lived on the grounds, and none of the zoo’s birds have tested positive for the disease so far.[aside postID=news_12015779 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/BirdFluMilkFresnoGetty.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/situation-summary/index.html\">58 recorded bird flu infections\u003c/a> in people in the U.S. this year to date, with most previous cases linked to dairy and poultry workers. The virus can spread from sick cows or birds to people who breathe in droplets of the virus, handle dead animals, drink raw milk or have it splashed on their faces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The raw milk industry finds itself at the center of this unfolding narrative. Mark McAfee of Raw Farm told the \u003cem>Los Angeles Times\u003c/em> that contaminated milk may have reached 90,000 customers. Last month, bird flu genes were found while testing a batch of cream top, whole raw milk \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015779/bird-flu-found-raw-milk-sold-santa-clara-county-sparks-public-health-concern\">produced by Raw Farm\u003c/a>, prompting a warning from the California Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State health officials continue to monitor raw milk supplies, having suspended and recalled potentially infected batches. And although the Marin County case did not result in a confirmed infection, the primary recommendations remain consistent: avoid direct contact with infected animals, consume only pasteurized dairy products and seek medical attention if experiencing symptoms consistent with avian influenza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"headline": "CDC Clears California Toddler After Bird Flu Scare",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention concluded an investigation into a potential bird flu case involving a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/marin-county\">Marin County\u003c/a> toddler, finding no evidence of the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The child, who was brought to an emergency department with a fever and vomiting, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12017517/california-investigates-possible-marin-county-bird-flu-case-amid-raw-milk-recalls\">initially triggered concerns\u003c/a> about possible bird flu transmission because the toddler consumed raw milk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Initial testing revealed that the child had influenza A — a category that includes both seasonal flu and H5 bird flu — and has since recovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014955/bay-area-potential-first-bird-flu-case-reported-alameda-county-child\">a child in Alameda County\u003c/a> was diagnosed with bird flu without a clear exposure pathway. That case, which resulted in mild respiratory symptoms, did not spread inside the family or at school. This follows the trend in other human bird flu cases where patients presented mild symptoms — primarily conjunctivitis and nasal stuffiness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, the San Francisco Zoo \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12017684/san-francisco-zoo-closes-aviaries-after-bird-flu-found-dead-wild-hawk\">temporarily closed its indoor bird exhibits\u003c/a> after a dead hawk found on its grounds tested positive for bird flu. The bird, a red-shouldered hawk, was a wild bird that lived on the grounds, and none of the zoo’s birds have tested positive for the disease so far.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/situation-summary/index.html\">58 recorded bird flu infections\u003c/a> in people in the U.S. this year to date, with most previous cases linked to dairy and poultry workers. The virus can spread from sick cows or birds to people who breathe in droplets of the virus, handle dead animals, drink raw milk or have it splashed on their faces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The raw milk industry finds itself at the center of this unfolding narrative. Mark McAfee of Raw Farm told the \u003cem>Los Angeles Times\u003c/em> that contaminated milk may have reached 90,000 customers. Last month, bird flu genes were found while testing a batch of cream top, whole raw milk \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015779/bird-flu-found-raw-milk-sold-santa-clara-county-sparks-public-health-concern\">produced by Raw Farm\u003c/a>, prompting a warning from the California Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State health officials continue to monitor raw milk supplies, having suspended and recalled potentially infected batches. And although the Marin County case did not result in a confirmed infection, the primary recommendations remain consistent: avoid direct contact with infected animals, consume only pasteurized dairy products and seek medical attention if experiencing symptoms consistent with avian influenza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "california-investigates-possible-marin-county-bird-flu-case-amid-raw-milk-recalls",
"title": "California Investigates Possible Marin County Bird Flu Case Amid Raw Milk Recalls",
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"content": "\u003cp>Since \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a> issued numerous recalls of raw milk due to bird flu contamination in recent weeks, the state has received 10 reports of illness in people who consumed it, including a child from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/marin-county\">Marin County\u003c/a>, public health officials say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Initial testing revealed that the child had influenza A — a category that includes both seasonal flu and H5 bird flu — and has since recovered. Marin County Health and Human Services, in collaboration with the California Department of Public Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, will perform additional testing to confirm or rule out bird flu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other individuals also did not test positive for bird flu in initial testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, there have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/situation-summary/index.html\">58 recorded bird flu infections\u003c/a> in people in the U.S. this year, with most previous cases linked to dairy and poultry workers. The virus can spread from sick cows or birds to people who breathe in droplets of the virus, handle dead animals, drink raw milk or have it splashed on their faces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11990735 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/CaliforniaCattle082311-1020x656.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014955/bay-area-potential-first-bird-flu-case-reported-alameda-county-child\">a child in Alameda County\u003c/a> was diagnosed with bird flu without a clear exposure pathway. That case, which resulted in mild respiratory symptoms, did not spread inside the family or at school. This follows the trend in other human bird flu cases where patients presented mild symptoms — primarily conjunctivitis and nasal stuffiness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://data.wastewaterscan.org/tracker/?charts=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&selectedChartId=e04235\">Wastewater surveillance\u003c/a> demonstrates that the virus is widespread throughout the region, including San Francisco, Napa and San José. However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/Bird-Flu.aspx\">CDPH says\u003c/a> the current risk of bird flu to the public is low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State health officials continue to monitor raw milk supplies, having suspended and recalled potentially infected batches. Experts recommend pasteurized milk because research shows the process effectively kills bacteria and viruses, including influenza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The raw milk industry finds itself at the center of this unfolding narrative. Mark McAfee of Raw Farm LLC told the \u003cem>Los Angeles Times\u003c/em> that contaminated milk may have reached 90,000 customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case underscores the complex and often unpredictable nature of zoonotic disease transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Since \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a> issued numerous recalls of raw milk due to bird flu contamination in recent weeks, the state has received 10 reports of illness in people who consumed it, including a child from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/marin-county\">Marin County\u003c/a>, public health officials say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Initial testing revealed that the child had influenza A — a category that includes both seasonal flu and H5 bird flu — and has since recovered. Marin County Health and Human Services, in collaboration with the California Department of Public Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, will perform additional testing to confirm or rule out bird flu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other individuals also did not test positive for bird flu in initial testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014955/bay-area-potential-first-bird-flu-case-reported-alameda-county-child\">a child in Alameda County\u003c/a> was diagnosed with bird flu without a clear exposure pathway. That case, which resulted in mild respiratory symptoms, did not spread inside the family or at school. This follows the trend in other human bird flu cases where patients presented mild symptoms — primarily conjunctivitis and nasal stuffiness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://data.wastewaterscan.org/tracker/?charts=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&selectedChartId=e04235\">Wastewater surveillance\u003c/a> demonstrates that the virus is widespread throughout the region, including San Francisco, Napa and San José. However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/Bird-Flu.aspx\">CDPH says\u003c/a> the current risk of bird flu to the public is low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State health officials continue to monitor raw milk supplies, having suspended and recalled potentially infected batches. Experts recommend pasteurized milk because research shows the process effectively kills bacteria and viruses, including influenza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The raw milk industry finds itself at the center of this unfolding narrative. Mark McAfee of Raw Farm LLC told the \u003cem>Los Angeles Times\u003c/em> that contaminated milk may have reached 90,000 customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case underscores the complex and often unpredictable nature of zoonotic disease transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "bay-area-ties-luigi-mangione-suspect-ceos-killing-raise-questions",
"title": "Bay Area Ties of Luigi Mangione, Suspect in CEO’s Killing, Raise Questions",
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"headTitle": "Bay Area Ties of Luigi Mangione, Suspect in CEO’s Killing, Raise Questions | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 12:38 p.m. Tuesday \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luigi Mangione, the 26-year-old man charged with the murder of UnitedHealthcare’s CEO, has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bay-area\">Bay Area\u003c/a> ties and was reportedly the subject of a recent missing person report in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mangione was arrested in central Pennsylvania on Monday morning as a “strong person of interest” in the killing of Brian Thompson, and he was charged in Manhattan late that night. He is believed to have spent at least a summer in the Bay Area, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12017333/luigi-mangione-person-of-interest-health-care-ceo-shooting-ties-stanford\">working at Stanford\u003c/a> in 2019, but it appears his family may have had reason to believe he was in San Francisco as recently as last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cem>San Francisco Standard\u003c/em> is reporting that \u003ca href=\"https://sfstandard.com/2024/12/09/luigi-mangione-unitedhealthcare-sfpd-missing-person-report/\">Mangione’s mother reported him missing\u003c/a> to the San Francisco Police Department on Nov. 18, according to a police source with knowledge of the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kathleen Mangione made a report, but it was not immediately clear whether he had been in San Francisco or she had reason to believe he had, according to the \u003cem>Standard\u003c/em>. Mangione is believed to have been suffering from a painful back injury and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/12/09/nyregion/united-healthcare-ceo-shooting-luigi-mangione.html?smtyp=cur&smid=bsky-nytimes\">stopped communicating with family\u003c/a> and friends unexpectedly about six months ago, the \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em> reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFPD Chief Bill Scott, when asked at an unrelated press conference Tuesday morning, would neither confirm nor deny the existence of a missing person report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12017420\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12017420\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/AP24345562201149.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/AP24345562201149.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/AP24345562201149-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/AP24345562201149-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/AP24345562201149-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This image released by Pennsylvania State Police shows a video image of Luigi Mangione, a suspect in the fatal shooting of UnitedHealthcare CEO Brian Thompson, at a McDonald’s in Altoona, Pennsylvania, on Monday, Dec. 9, 2024. \u003ccite>(Pennsylvania State Police via AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During a press conference on Monday confirming Mangione’s arrest, New York City Police Department officials said that he had ties to San Francisco but did not elaborate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mangione was arrested in Altoona, Pennsylvania, after local law enforcement was dispatched to a McDonald’s, where an employee spotted someone matching the description of the murder suspect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was found with a firearm and suppressor consistent with the weapon used in the killing, along with a mask and clothes matching the wanted person’s clothing. He also had multiple fraudulent IDs, including one from New Jersey that matched the one the suspect used to check into a New York City hostel before the shooting, according to New York Police Commissioner Jessica Tisch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12017333 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/LuigiMangioneAP1-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A written document that was said to include information about his “motivation” and “mindset” was also recovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a LinkedIn profile that seems to belong to Mangione, he worked as a head counselor at Stanford’s pre-college summer program for high school students. Stanford spokesperson Dee Mostofi confirmed that a person with the same name was employed as a head counselor from May to September 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that time, Mangione advised students in the program and worked as a teaching assistant for those studying artificial intelligence. Head counselors generally live on campus, serving as “visible role models and leaders” for the programs’ participants, according to Stanford’s website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was officially charged with second-degree murder in connection with Thompson’s killing Monday night, the \u003cem>Times\u003c/em> reported. He also faces charges in Pennsylvania of forgery, tampering with records, falsely identifying himself to law enforcement, carrying a firearm without a license and possessing an “instrument of crime” with intent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to court records, his last known address is in Honolulu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mangione is currently being held in prison in Blair County, Pennsylvania. He was denied bail and appeared at an extradition hearing Tuesday where his attorney, Thomas Dickey, said he was contesting his extradition to New York, the \u003cem>Times\u003c/em> reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 12:38 p.m. Tuesday \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luigi Mangione, the 26-year-old man charged with the murder of UnitedHealthcare’s CEO, has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bay-area\">Bay Area\u003c/a> ties and was reportedly the subject of a recent missing person report in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mangione was arrested in central Pennsylvania on Monday morning as a “strong person of interest” in the killing of Brian Thompson, and he was charged in Manhattan late that night. He is believed to have spent at least a summer in the Bay Area, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12017333/luigi-mangione-person-of-interest-health-care-ceo-shooting-ties-stanford\">working at Stanford\u003c/a> in 2019, but it appears his family may have had reason to believe he was in San Francisco as recently as last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cem>San Francisco Standard\u003c/em> is reporting that \u003ca href=\"https://sfstandard.com/2024/12/09/luigi-mangione-unitedhealthcare-sfpd-missing-person-report/\">Mangione’s mother reported him missing\u003c/a> to the San Francisco Police Department on Nov. 18, according to a police source with knowledge of the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kathleen Mangione made a report, but it was not immediately clear whether he had been in San Francisco or she had reason to believe he had, according to the \u003cem>Standard\u003c/em>. Mangione is believed to have been suffering from a painful back injury and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/12/09/nyregion/united-healthcare-ceo-shooting-luigi-mangione.html?smtyp=cur&smid=bsky-nytimes\">stopped communicating with family\u003c/a> and friends unexpectedly about six months ago, the \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em> reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFPD Chief Bill Scott, when asked at an unrelated press conference Tuesday morning, would neither confirm nor deny the existence of a missing person report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12017420\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12017420\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/AP24345562201149.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/AP24345562201149.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/AP24345562201149-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/AP24345562201149-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/AP24345562201149-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This image released by Pennsylvania State Police shows a video image of Luigi Mangione, a suspect in the fatal shooting of UnitedHealthcare CEO Brian Thompson, at a McDonald’s in Altoona, Pennsylvania, on Monday, Dec. 9, 2024. \u003ccite>(Pennsylvania State Police via AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During a press conference on Monday confirming Mangione’s arrest, New York City Police Department officials said that he had ties to San Francisco but did not elaborate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mangione was arrested in Altoona, Pennsylvania, after local law enforcement was dispatched to a McDonald’s, where an employee spotted someone matching the description of the murder suspect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was found with a firearm and suppressor consistent with the weapon used in the killing, along with a mask and clothes matching the wanted person’s clothing. He also had multiple fraudulent IDs, including one from New Jersey that matched the one the suspect used to check into a New York City hostel before the shooting, according to New York Police Commissioner Jessica Tisch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A written document that was said to include information about his “motivation” and “mindset” was also recovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a LinkedIn profile that seems to belong to Mangione, he worked as a head counselor at Stanford’s pre-college summer program for high school students. Stanford spokesperson Dee Mostofi confirmed that a person with the same name was employed as a head counselor from May to September 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that time, Mangione advised students in the program and worked as a teaching assistant for those studying artificial intelligence. Head counselors generally live on campus, serving as “visible role models and leaders” for the programs’ participants, according to Stanford’s website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was officially charged with second-degree murder in connection with Thompson’s killing Monday night, the \u003cem>Times\u003c/em> reported. He also faces charges in Pennsylvania of forgery, tampering with records, falsely identifying himself to law enforcement, carrying a firearm without a license and possessing an “instrument of crime” with intent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to court records, his last known address is in Honolulu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mangione is currently being held in prison in Blair County, Pennsylvania. He was denied bail and appeared at an extradition hearing Tuesday where his attorney, Thomas Dickey, said he was contesting his extradition to New York, the \u003cem>Times\u003c/em> reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The 26-year-old man arrested as a person of interest in the killing of UnitedHealthcare’s CEO appears to have previously worked at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/stanford-university\">Stanford\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luigi Mangione was arrested in central Pennsylvania on Monday morning. Someone with that name served as a head counselor for the university’s summer program for high school students in 2019, according to Stanford spokesperson Dee Mostofi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New York City Police Department officials confirmed during a press conference that Mangione was arrested in Altoona, Pennsylvania, after local law enforcement was dispatched to a McDonald’s, where an employee spotted someone matching the description of the murder suspect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Altoona police officers took Mangione into custody on an unrelated firearms charge, but he is considered a “strong person of interest” in the death of the insurance company’s chief, New York Mayor Eric Adams said during the press conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police found a firearm and suppressor consistent with the weapon used in the killing in Mangione’s possession, along with a mask and clothes matching the wanted person’s clothing. He also had multiple fraudulent IDs, including one from New Jersey that matched the one the suspect used to check into a New York City hostel before the shooting, according to New York Police Commissioner Jessica Tisch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12014213\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12014213\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/005_KQED_StanfordGradUnion_05302023_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/005_KQED_StanfordGradUnion_05302023_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/005_KQED_StanfordGradUnion_05302023_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/005_KQED_StanfordGradUnion_05302023_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/005_KQED_StanfordGradUnion_05302023_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/005_KQED_StanfordGradUnion_05302023_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/005_KQED_StanfordGradUnion_05302023_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stanford University campus on May 30, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A written document that was said to include information about his “motivation” and “mindset” was also recovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arrest comes five days after \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/12/04/nx-s1-5215908/the-killing-of-the-unitedhealthcare-ceo-was-a-targeted-attack-authorities-say\">Brian Thompson was shot\u003c/a> outside UnitedHealthcare’s investor conference at the Hilton Midtown hotel in what police have called a “brazen, targeted murder.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12016811 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/021_Alameda_MarioGonzalezPressConf_04272021_qed-1020x679.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NYPD officials confirmed Monday that Mangione had ties to San Francisco, but they did not elaborate on the connection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He appears to have worked in Palo Alto from at least May to December of 2019, during which time he advised high school students and residential counselors in Stanford’s pre-college summer programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Head counselors also work as teaching assistants and live on campus, serving as “visible role models and leaders” for the programs’ participants, according to \u003ca href=\"https://spcs.stanford.edu/jobs/head-counselor\">Stanford’s website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A LinkedIn profile that seems to belong to Mangione said he worked with students studying artificial intelligence and holds both bachelor’s and master’s degrees from the University of Pennsylvania in computer science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His last known address was in Honolulu, and he was born and raised in Maryland, NYPD Chief of Detectives Joseph Kenny said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Altoona police officers took Mangione into custody on an unrelated firearms charge, but he is considered a “strong person of interest” in the death of the insurance company’s chief, New York Mayor Eric Adams said during the press conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police found a firearm and suppressor consistent with the weapon used in the killing in Mangione’s possession, along with a mask and clothes matching the wanted person’s clothing. He also had multiple fraudulent IDs, including one from New Jersey that matched the one the suspect used to check into a New York City hostel before the shooting, according to New York Police Commissioner Jessica Tisch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12014213\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12014213\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/005_KQED_StanfordGradUnion_05302023_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/005_KQED_StanfordGradUnion_05302023_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/005_KQED_StanfordGradUnion_05302023_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/005_KQED_StanfordGradUnion_05302023_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/005_KQED_StanfordGradUnion_05302023_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/005_KQED_StanfordGradUnion_05302023_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/005_KQED_StanfordGradUnion_05302023_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stanford University campus on May 30, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A written document that was said to include information about his “motivation” and “mindset” was also recovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arrest comes five days after \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/12/04/nx-s1-5215908/the-killing-of-the-unitedhealthcare-ceo-was-a-targeted-attack-authorities-say\">Brian Thompson was shot\u003c/a> outside UnitedHealthcare’s investor conference at the Hilton Midtown hotel in what police have called a “brazen, targeted murder.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 3
},
"link": "/podcasts/baycurious",
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}
},
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"id": "bbc-world-service",
"title": "BBC World Service",
"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service",
"meta": {
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"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/",
"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/26099305-72af-4542-9dde-ac1807fe36d5/kqed-s-the-california-report",
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}
},
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"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
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"code-switch-life-kit": {
"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
"airtime": "SUN 9pm-10pm",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
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"commonwealth-club": {
"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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}
},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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},
"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"here-and-now": {
"id": "here-and-now",
"title": "Here & Now",
"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"
}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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