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Most are lower-income people of color and rural residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This afternoon in Sacramento, the Assembly Communications & Conveyance Committee\u003ca href=\"https://acom.assembly.ca.gov/system/files/2024-04/agenda-4.10.24.pdf\"> takes up the latest salvo in this struggle, a bill\u003c/a> designed to chip away at this form of digital discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are living in an unjust and inequitable moment of technology, where some have and some don’t,” said Assemblymember Mia Bonta (D-Oakland).[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Assemblymember Mia Bonta, D-Oakland, who authored AB 2239\"]‘We are living in an unjust and inequitable moment of technology, where some have and some don’t.’[/pullquote]The author of\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2239\"> AB 2239\u003c/a> said it would make California the first state in the nation to codify the Federal Communication Commission’s newly adopted definition of digital discrimination into state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that equitable access to fast, reliable and affordable Internet is a non-negotiable part of everyday life,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FCC’s new rules adopt a “disparate impact” standard for identifying digital discrimination, meaning broadband providers could be in violation, even if they are not intentionally withholding adequate Internet from a protected group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The disparate impact standard has long been applied in education, in housing and health care, and more. And what this bill is doing is essentially saying it also needs to be applied to broadband access,” Bonta said. “Regardless of the inputs that you have around broadband intent and the different programs that we set up if there is a disparate impact — and we know that there is — then that’s considered discrimination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Catch up fast:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“It’s not acceptable to have a California where such an essential infrastructure is not equally accessible to all Californians,” said Miguel Santana, president and CEO of the California Community Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The most common criticism I’ve heard is that [AB 2239] is not necessary because there is no intention to discriminate. And that the industry has implemented a number of programs to help create access to low-income, marginalized communities,” Santana said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11969906/digital-advocates-say-californias-broadband-for-all-initiative-fails-to-center-equity\"> outcomes\u003c/a> speak for themselves,” he added, referencing the fact that researchers and activists say low-income Californians pay more for worse service than those in wealthy neighborhoods because there’s often no competition in poor neighborhoods to compel Internet providers to compete on service and price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11982428\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11982428\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/OaklandInternetMap.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1201\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/OaklandInternetMap.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/OaklandInternetMap-800x500.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/OaklandInternetMap-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/OaklandInternetMap-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/OaklandInternetMap-1536x961.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Remote technology performance management company Hubble IQ partnered with Oakland Undivided to run nearly half a million speed tests across Oakland. ‘Over 75% of the Internet connections we tested never reach the speed threshold to be considered served,’ Oakland Undivided director Patrick Messac said. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Hubble IQ)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The context:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The advocacy group \u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandundivided.org/fixthemaps\">Oakland Undivided\u003c/a> recently partnered with remote technology performance management company, \u003ca href=\"https://www.hubbleiq.com/broadbandequity\">Hubble IQ,\u003c/a> to run nearly half a million speed tests across Oakland.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Patrick Messac, director, Oakland Undivided\"]‘The facts of the digital divide in California are stark. Race and income are the best predictors of whether you have access to the Internet in your neighborhood, how reliable it is and what you pay for it.’[/pullquote]“Over 75% of the Internet connections we tested never reach the speed threshold to be considered served,” said Oakland Undivided director Patrick Messac. “The facts of the digital divide in California are stark. Race and income are the best predictors of whether you have access to the Internet in your neighborhood, how reliable it is and what you pay for it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The big picture:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“In many cases, I would say that discrimination is often not per se the intent. Maximizing profit and delivering value to shareholders is the intent,” Tracy Rosenberg of \u003ca href=\"https://media-alliance.org/2024/03/protecting-digital-discrimination-rules-in-the-8th-circuit/\">Media Alliance wrote\u003c/a>. The advocacy group is a party to the 8th Circuit proceeding where the FCC’s rules, which AB 2239 aims to align with at the state level, are being challenged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of history, market conditions and existing societal divides, the intent of maximizing shareholder value leads inexorably to actions that exacerbate digital inequity,” Rosenberg added.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The opposing view:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Contacted for comment, a spokeswoman for Charter Communications’ company, \u003ca href=\"https://policy.charter.com/charter-california-fact-sheet.pdf\">Spectrum\u003c/a>, responded that it is still reviewing the legislation but that “Spectrum Internet plans, download speeds and regular prices are not only exactly the same in \u003cem>every\u003c/em> ZIP code we serve in California but also across our entire 41-state service area.”[aside postID=news_11954197 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/230629-WiFi-Illo-AV-KQED-1020x765.jpg']AT&T, another major player in the state, referred KQED to Cal Chamber, which lobbies on behalf of the broadband industry. In a \u003ca href=\"https://ct3.blob.core.windows.net/23blobs/a72cc815-68b6-4ff2-9a4c-2922f3666233\">letter\u003c/a> to the Assembly Communications & Conveyance Committee, which is hearing AB 2239 on Tuesday, Cal Chamber argued, “We do not want to repeat the FCC’s mistakes in California, which would risk provoking costly litigation and delaying the deployment,” of ongoing universal connectivity programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The bottom line:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This early in the legislative session, it’s hard to anticipate whether the bill will survive or how its language might be changed in the coming months to mollify industry-backed critics or forestall lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bonta said that if her bill becomes law, California will send a clear signal to the rest of the country to consider Internet connectivity as a social justice issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Over decades, the California Legislature has struggled to combat digital discrimination. AB 2239, introduced by Assemblymember Mia Bonta of Oakland, aims to compel state regulators to address Internet connectivity as a matter of social justice.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Even now, in an age when most of us use the Internet,\u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2023/06/26/california-gets-nearly-2-billion-in-federal-funding-to-boost-high-speed-internet-access/\"> one in five Californians\u003c/a> lack reliable and affordable service. Most are lower-income people of color and rural residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This afternoon in Sacramento, the Assembly Communications & Conveyance Committee\u003ca href=\"https://acom.assembly.ca.gov/system/files/2024-04/agenda-4.10.24.pdf\"> takes up the latest salvo in this struggle, a bill\u003c/a> designed to chip away at this form of digital discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are living in an unjust and inequitable moment of technology, where some have and some don’t,” said Assemblymember Mia Bonta (D-Oakland).\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The author of\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2239\"> AB 2239\u003c/a> said it would make California the first state in the nation to codify the Federal Communication Commission’s newly adopted definition of digital discrimination into state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that equitable access to fast, reliable and affordable Internet is a non-negotiable part of everyday life,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FCC’s new rules adopt a “disparate impact” standard for identifying digital discrimination, meaning broadband providers could be in violation, even if they are not intentionally withholding adequate Internet from a protected group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The disparate impact standard has long been applied in education, in housing and health care, and more. And what this bill is doing is essentially saying it also needs to be applied to broadband access,” Bonta said. “Regardless of the inputs that you have around broadband intent and the different programs that we set up if there is a disparate impact — and we know that there is — then that’s considered discrimination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Catch up fast:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“It’s not acceptable to have a California where such an essential infrastructure is not equally accessible to all Californians,” said Miguel Santana, president and CEO of the California Community Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The most common criticism I’ve heard is that [AB 2239] is not necessary because there is no intention to discriminate. And that the industry has implemented a number of programs to help create access to low-income, marginalized communities,” Santana said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11969906/digital-advocates-say-californias-broadband-for-all-initiative-fails-to-center-equity\"> outcomes\u003c/a> speak for themselves,” he added, referencing the fact that researchers and activists say low-income Californians pay more for worse service than those in wealthy neighborhoods because there’s often no competition in poor neighborhoods to compel Internet providers to compete on service and price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11982428\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11982428\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/OaklandInternetMap.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1201\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/OaklandInternetMap.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/OaklandInternetMap-800x500.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/OaklandInternetMap-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/OaklandInternetMap-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/OaklandInternetMap-1536x961.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Remote technology performance management company Hubble IQ partnered with Oakland Undivided to run nearly half a million speed tests across Oakland. ‘Over 75% of the Internet connections we tested never reach the speed threshold to be considered served,’ Oakland Undivided director Patrick Messac said. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Hubble IQ)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The context:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The advocacy group \u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandundivided.org/fixthemaps\">Oakland Undivided\u003c/a> recently partnered with remote technology performance management company, \u003ca href=\"https://www.hubbleiq.com/broadbandequity\">Hubble IQ,\u003c/a> to run nearly half a million speed tests across Oakland.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Over 75% of the Internet connections we tested never reach the speed threshold to be considered served,” said Oakland Undivided director Patrick Messac. “The facts of the digital divide in California are stark. Race and income are the best predictors of whether you have access to the Internet in your neighborhood, how reliable it is and what you pay for it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The big picture:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“In many cases, I would say that discrimination is often not per se the intent. Maximizing profit and delivering value to shareholders is the intent,” Tracy Rosenberg of \u003ca href=\"https://media-alliance.org/2024/03/protecting-digital-discrimination-rules-in-the-8th-circuit/\">Media Alliance wrote\u003c/a>. The advocacy group is a party to the 8th Circuit proceeding where the FCC’s rules, which AB 2239 aims to align with at the state level, are being challenged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of history, market conditions and existing societal divides, the intent of maximizing shareholder value leads inexorably to actions that exacerbate digital inequity,” Rosenberg added.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The opposing view:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Contacted for comment, a spokeswoman for Charter Communications’ company, \u003ca href=\"https://policy.charter.com/charter-california-fact-sheet.pdf\">Spectrum\u003c/a>, responded that it is still reviewing the legislation but that “Spectrum Internet plans, download speeds and regular prices are not only exactly the same in \u003cem>every\u003c/em> ZIP code we serve in California but also across our entire 41-state service area.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>AT&T, another major player in the state, referred KQED to Cal Chamber, which lobbies on behalf of the broadband industry. In a \u003ca href=\"https://ct3.blob.core.windows.net/23blobs/a72cc815-68b6-4ff2-9a4c-2922f3666233\">letter\u003c/a> to the Assembly Communications & Conveyance Committee, which is hearing AB 2239 on Tuesday, Cal Chamber argued, “We do not want to repeat the FCC’s mistakes in California, which would risk provoking costly litigation and delaying the deployment,” of ongoing universal connectivity programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The bottom line:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This early in the legislative session, it’s hard to anticipate whether the bill will survive or how its language might be changed in the coming months to mollify industry-backed critics or forestall lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bonta said that if her bill becomes law, California will send a clear signal to the rest of the country to consider Internet connectivity as a social justice issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Student Workers File to Unionize at UC Law San Francisco",
"headTitle": "Student Workers File to Unionize at UC Law San Francisco | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>A group of approximately 200 graduate student workers at UC Law San Francisco on Tuesday filed to form a union, according to organizers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new collective bargaining unit, called \u003ca href=\"https://uaw2865.org/uclsf/\">United Legal Educators\u003c/a>, comes as undergraduate and graduate workers have won collective bargaining rights across the state and country in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been hard for an isolated law school to come together for student workers and get a unified voice. But, luckily, there’s been a lot of effort in this unionization space,” said Stephen Cosenza, a legal research and writing teaching assistant at UC Law San Francisco. “We saw what was happening at other UCs and felt that momentum on our own campus and ran with it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers with United Legal Educators submitted paperwork with the California Public Employment Relations Board on Tuesday asking the state agency to officially recognize the union, which will represent library workers, admissions workers, teaching assistants, researchers and other student employees at the law school formerly called UC Hastings. Next, state and school officials must verify and recognize the union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graduate students organizing for better bargaining power at the law school said the two big issues they hope a union will help them address are resolving pay discrepancies and better responding to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11949802/uc-law-sf-students-say-complaints-of-racism-and-discrimination-on-campus-were-dismissed\">reports of discrimination\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11949802]Organizers like Cosenza cite higher pay at UC Berkeley’s graduate law school, where graduate student workers are represented by UAW 4811.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m getting paid like $4 an hour. And we provide such an essential function,” Cosenza said. “We’re just trying to get something that is more equitable, you know, ideally at least on par with minimum wage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Law SF student workers are seeking to be recognized as a new bargaining unit with United Auto Workers, which currently represents more than 36,000 teaching assistants, as well as graduate student instructors, researchers and readers across the University of California system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They will join tens of thousands of student workers across the country. In 2023 alone, 30 new student-worker collective bargaining units formed across the country, more than any year in the last decade, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://slu.cuny.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Union-Density-2023.pdf\">2023 study\u003c/a> from the CUNY School of Labor and Urban Studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s thrilling to see over 70% of student workers come together to raise the standards at UC Law SF,” said Mike Miller, director of UAW Region 6, in a press statement. “As these workers join 15,000 other UAW academic workers in the Bay Area and thousands more across the country, they are more than ready to negotiate a strong first contract.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest strike in the history of U.S. higher education took place in 2022, when around \u003ca href=\"https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2022/11/15/48000-u-california-student-workers-researchers-strike\">48,000 student workers, researchers, postdoctoral scholars and more walked out of the University of California’s 10 campuses\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re excited to be joining a movement of academic workers forming unions across the country,” said Mikaela Gareeb, a legal research and writing teaching assistant at UC Law SF. “Many of us like our jobs because they give us an opportunity to help our peers build their skills; however, we deserve to be fairly compensated for the work that we put in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement emailed to KQED, a spokesperson for UC Law SF said the institution supports student workers’ rights to unionize under the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“UC Law SF supports employees’ rights to decide whether or not they think union representation would be beneficial for them,” said John Kepley Chief Communications Officer for UC Law SF. “We have nothing further to add at this time and will engage with the process set forth by [the Higher Education Employer-Employee Relations Act].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A group of approximately 200 graduate student workers at UC Law San Francisco on Tuesday filed to form a union, according to organizers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new collective bargaining unit, called \u003ca href=\"https://uaw2865.org/uclsf/\">United Legal Educators\u003c/a>, comes as undergraduate and graduate workers have won collective bargaining rights across the state and country in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been hard for an isolated law school to come together for student workers and get a unified voice. But, luckily, there’s been a lot of effort in this unionization space,” said Stephen Cosenza, a legal research and writing teaching assistant at UC Law San Francisco. “We saw what was happening at other UCs and felt that momentum on our own campus and ran with it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers with United Legal Educators submitted paperwork with the California Public Employment Relations Board on Tuesday asking the state agency to officially recognize the union, which will represent library workers, admissions workers, teaching assistants, researchers and other student employees at the law school formerly called UC Hastings. Next, state and school officials must verify and recognize the union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graduate students organizing for better bargaining power at the law school said the two big issues they hope a union will help them address are resolving pay discrepancies and better responding to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11949802/uc-law-sf-students-say-complaints-of-racism-and-discrimination-on-campus-were-dismissed\">reports of discrimination\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Organizers like Cosenza cite higher pay at UC Berkeley’s graduate law school, where graduate student workers are represented by UAW 4811.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m getting paid like $4 an hour. And we provide such an essential function,” Cosenza said. “We’re just trying to get something that is more equitable, you know, ideally at least on par with minimum wage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Law SF student workers are seeking to be recognized as a new bargaining unit with United Auto Workers, which currently represents more than 36,000 teaching assistants, as well as graduate student instructors, researchers and readers across the University of California system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They will join tens of thousands of student workers across the country. In 2023 alone, 30 new student-worker collective bargaining units formed across the country, more than any year in the last decade, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://slu.cuny.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Union-Density-2023.pdf\">2023 study\u003c/a> from the CUNY School of Labor and Urban Studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s thrilling to see over 70% of student workers come together to raise the standards at UC Law SF,” said Mike Miller, director of UAW Region 6, in a press statement. “As these workers join 15,000 other UAW academic workers in the Bay Area and thousands more across the country, they are more than ready to negotiate a strong first contract.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest strike in the history of U.S. higher education took place in 2022, when around \u003ca href=\"https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2022/11/15/48000-u-california-student-workers-researchers-strike\">48,000 student workers, researchers, postdoctoral scholars and more walked out of the University of California’s 10 campuses\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re excited to be joining a movement of academic workers forming unions across the country,” said Mikaela Gareeb, a legal research and writing teaching assistant at UC Law SF. “Many of us like our jobs because they give us an opportunity to help our peers build their skills; however, we deserve to be fairly compensated for the work that we put in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement emailed to KQED, a spokesperson for UC Law SF said the institution supports student workers’ rights to unionize under the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“UC Law SF supports employees’ rights to decide whether or not they think union representation would be beneficial for them,” said John Kepley Chief Communications Officer for UC Law SF. “We have nothing further to add at this time and will engage with the process set forth by [the Higher Education Employer-Employee Relations Act].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "How Millions of Borrowers Could Benefit From Biden's Student Debt Relief Plans",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Biden administration unveiled a new set of plans on Monday that would eliminate student debt for millions of Americans. The administration says that, if fully implemented, it would bring the number of borrowers who’ve seen some or all of their debt forgiven during the president’s term to more than 30 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new plan, aiming to supplant an earlier version that was\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/30/1176839127/supreme-court-student-loan-forgiveness-decision\"> rejected by the U.S. Supreme Court in June\u003c/a>, offers targeted relief to specific groups of borrowers, notably those who’ve carried debt for many years, and those struggling to make payments. And many borrowers, regardless of income, could see relief from high interest balances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11969190,news_11963857,news_11959751\" label=\"Related Stories\"]U.S. Education Secretary Miguel Cardona said the new proposals will fulfill a promise the president made while a candidate in 2020. The relief offered, he added, will mean “breathing room” for many borrowers. “It means freedom from feeling like your student loan bills compete with basic needs like grocery or health care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement spelled out efforts aimed at four groups of borrowers: those who owe more money than they did at the start of their repayment, borrowers who started paying more than 20 years ago, those already eligible for existing loan forgiveness or discharge programs but haven’t yet applied, and borrowers facing economic hardship.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Addressing ‘runaway interest’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>More than 25 million borrowers, the administration said, owe more in student loans now than they took out originally, due to what Cardona called “runaway interest.” The first element of the new plan would allow any borrower, regardless of their income, to cancel up to $20,000 in interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, low- and middle-income borrowers who are enrolled in an income-driven repayment plan would have all of their interest forgiven. This group of borrowers includes single borrowers earning $120,000 or less a year, and married borrowers who make $240,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the plans go through as proposed, there would be no application necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration estimates that this proposal would forgive some interest balances for 25 million borrowers, with 23 million receiving full forgiveness on their interest. Currently, about\u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/data-center/student/portfolio\"> 43 million Americans have some form of student loan debt. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Automatic discharge for eligible borrowers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Since Biden took office, several student loan programs have been revamped or re-negotiated to help ease borrowers’ debt, though many still require borrowers to apply. (The programs can be dense, but NPR has previously reported on these programs and how to navigate them: including \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/01/12/1224265472/student-loan-forgiveness-save-plan#:~:text=SAVE%20is%20the%20most%20forgiving%20repayment%20plan%20yet%20(literally)&text=The%20SAVE%20plan%20exempts%20more,afford%20to%20pay%20each%20month.\">the SAVE program\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/10/26/1131461940/student-loan-forgiveness-pslf\">public service loan forgiveness, \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/02/1101424651/corinthian-colleges-student-loan-forgiveness\">closed schools discharge\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the administration noted in its announcement, not every borrower who qualifies for these programs has applied, with more than 2 million eligible borrowers who have not done so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the proposed plan, qualifying borrowers would no longer have to enroll to receive forgiveness. The Education Department plans to use use data it already has to identify those borrowers, and automatically credit their accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Relief for long-time borrowers and those experiencing hardship\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The new proposals would also help long-term borrowers. According to the Education Department, more than 2.5 million borrowers have carried student loan debt for more than two decades. Under the plan, borrowers carrying undergraduate debt would qualify for forgiveness if they started repayment on or before July 1, 2005. Borrowers with graduate school debt would qualify if they started repayment on or before the same date in 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In keeping with the theme of these announcements, borrowers would not need to be enrolled in any plan to qualify. The relief would be automatic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A separate component would help those experiencing economic hardship. Some of this relief would be also happen automatically — for example, if a borrower is at a high risk of defaulting on their student loans. Other relief would require an application. The administration says borrowers who are struggling with medical debt or child care could apply for this program, if it is implemented.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A new legal foothold for sweeping debt relief\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration has made multiple attempts at discharging student loan debt since taking office. Perhaps most notably in 2022: \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/08/24/1118879917/student-loan-forgiveness-biden\">The president announced widespread relief of up to $20,000 for qualifying borrowers. \u003c/a>Millions of borrowers filled out the form to opt-in to the program, but the project was put on hold due to legal challenges. The Supreme Court struck down that plan in June of 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new approach has been in the works for some time, as the Education Department has been undergoing what’s called “negotiated rule-making” to develop a new avenue for debt relief since the original plan was overturned in June. They’ve been hearing from stakeholders, advocates, and critics in advance of this announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s expected the new proposals will take some time before eligible borrowers can begin to see their debt eliminated. The Education Department must gather public comment on the proposal before issuing a final version of its plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan will likely face legal challenges as well, though though the rulemaking process may put this effort on stronger legal ground than the first debt-relief plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Biden+seeks+student+debt+relief+for+millions&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Biden administration unveiled a new set of plans on Monday that would eliminate student debt for millions of Americans. The administration says that, if fully implemented, it would bring the number of borrowers who’ve seen some or all of their debt forgiven during the president’s term to more than 30 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new plan, aiming to supplant an earlier version that was\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/30/1176839127/supreme-court-student-loan-forgiveness-decision\"> rejected by the U.S. Supreme Court in June\u003c/a>, offers targeted relief to specific groups of borrowers, notably those who’ve carried debt for many years, and those struggling to make payments. And many borrowers, regardless of income, could see relief from high interest balances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>U.S. Education Secretary Miguel Cardona said the new proposals will fulfill a promise the president made while a candidate in 2020. The relief offered, he added, will mean “breathing room” for many borrowers. “It means freedom from feeling like your student loan bills compete with basic needs like grocery or health care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement spelled out efforts aimed at four groups of borrowers: those who owe more money than they did at the start of their repayment, borrowers who started paying more than 20 years ago, those already eligible for existing loan forgiveness or discharge programs but haven’t yet applied, and borrowers facing economic hardship.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Addressing ‘runaway interest’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>More than 25 million borrowers, the administration said, owe more in student loans now than they took out originally, due to what Cardona called “runaway interest.” The first element of the new plan would allow any borrower, regardless of their income, to cancel up to $20,000 in interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, low- and middle-income borrowers who are enrolled in an income-driven repayment plan would have all of their interest forgiven. This group of borrowers includes single borrowers earning $120,000 or less a year, and married borrowers who make $240,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the plans go through as proposed, there would be no application necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration estimates that this proposal would forgive some interest balances for 25 million borrowers, with 23 million receiving full forgiveness on their interest. Currently, about\u003ca href=\"https://studentaid.gov/data-center/student/portfolio\"> 43 million Americans have some form of student loan debt. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Automatic discharge for eligible borrowers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Since Biden took office, several student loan programs have been revamped or re-negotiated to help ease borrowers’ debt, though many still require borrowers to apply. (The programs can be dense, but NPR has previously reported on these programs and how to navigate them: including \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/01/12/1224265472/student-loan-forgiveness-save-plan#:~:text=SAVE%20is%20the%20most%20forgiving%20repayment%20plan%20yet%20(literally)&text=The%20SAVE%20plan%20exempts%20more,afford%20to%20pay%20each%20month.\">the SAVE program\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/10/26/1131461940/student-loan-forgiveness-pslf\">public service loan forgiveness, \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/02/1101424651/corinthian-colleges-student-loan-forgiveness\">closed schools discharge\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the administration noted in its announcement, not every borrower who qualifies for these programs has applied, with more than 2 million eligible borrowers who have not done so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the proposed plan, qualifying borrowers would no longer have to enroll to receive forgiveness. The Education Department plans to use use data it already has to identify those borrowers, and automatically credit their accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Relief for long-time borrowers and those experiencing hardship\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The new proposals would also help long-term borrowers. According to the Education Department, more than 2.5 million borrowers have carried student loan debt for more than two decades. Under the plan, borrowers carrying undergraduate debt would qualify for forgiveness if they started repayment on or before July 1, 2005. Borrowers with graduate school debt would qualify if they started repayment on or before the same date in 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In keeping with the theme of these announcements, borrowers would not need to be enrolled in any plan to qualify. The relief would be automatic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A separate component would help those experiencing economic hardship. Some of this relief would be also happen automatically — for example, if a borrower is at a high risk of defaulting on their student loans. Other relief would require an application. The administration says borrowers who are struggling with medical debt or child care could apply for this program, if it is implemented.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A new legal foothold for sweeping debt relief\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration has made multiple attempts at discharging student loan debt since taking office. Perhaps most notably in 2022: \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/08/24/1118879917/student-loan-forgiveness-biden\">The president announced widespread relief of up to $20,000 for qualifying borrowers. \u003c/a>Millions of borrowers filled out the form to opt-in to the program, but the project was put on hold due to legal challenges. The Supreme Court struck down that plan in June of 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new approach has been in the works for some time, as the Education Department has been undergoing what’s called “negotiated rule-making” to develop a new avenue for debt relief since the original plan was overturned in June. They’ve been hearing from stakeholders, advocates, and critics in advance of this announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s expected the new proposals will take some time before eligible borrowers can begin to see their debt eliminated. The Education Department must gather public comment on the proposal before issuing a final version of its plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan will likely face legal challenges as well, though though the rulemaking process may put this effort on stronger legal ground than the first debt-relief plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Biden+seeks+student+debt+relief+for+millions&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11980715/why-dont-more-bay-area-kids-ride-school-buses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>Episode Transcript\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Have you ever noticed how few school buses there are in California? A survey by the Federal Highway Administration found that nationally, almost 40% of school-aged kids ride a school bus. In California, that number is only 8%. Why? It goes back to a state constitutional amendment passed in 1978. In\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11980715/why-dont-more-bay-area-kids-ride-school-buses\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> this episode\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> from Bay Curious, producer Katrina Schwartz dives into how this proposition led to California’s lack of school buses.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"embed-code\" class=\"inconsolata\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC9001012875&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>California’s largest teachers union has moved to put the brakes on legislation that mandates instruction, known as the “science of reading,” that spotlights phonics to teach children to read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move by the politically powerful California Teachers Association (CTA) puts the fate of Assembly Bill 2222 in question as supporters insist that there is room to negotiate changes that will bring opponents together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CTA’s complaints include some recently voiced by some advocacy organizations for English learners and bilingual education that \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2024/english-learner-advocates-oppose-science-of-reading-bill/707178\">oppose the bill\u003c/a> and have refused to negotiate any changes to make the bill more acceptable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Yolie Flores, president, Families in Schools\"]‘It’s not the only thing that teachers will need to do and to adhere to, but it’s sort of the basic foundational knowledge of how children’s brains work in order to learn to read.’[/pullquote]The teachers union put its opposition to \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2222\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AB 2222\u003c/a> in writing in a lengthy letter to Assembly Education Committee Chairman Al Muratsuchi last week. The committee is expected to hear the bill, introduced in February, later this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://edsource.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/EarllyLit-AB2222-CTA-no-032824.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The letter \u003c/a>includes a checklist of complaints including that the proposed legislation would duplicate and potentially undermine current literacy initiatives, would not meet the needs of English learner students and cuts teachers out of the decision-making process, especially when it comes to curriculum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Educators are best equipped to make school and classroom decisions to ensure student success,” the letter said. “Limiting instructional approaches undermines teachers’ professional autonomy and may impede their effectiveness in the classroom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marshall Tuck, CEO of EdVoice, an advocacy nonprofit co-sponsoring the bill, said he was surprised that CTA would oppose legislation that would ensure all teachers are trained to use the latest brain research to teach children how to read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately, a lot of folks in the field haven’t actually been trained on that, and a lot of the instruction materials in classrooms today don’t align with that,” Tuck said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuck said CTA appears to misunderstand the body of evidence-based research known as the science of reading. It “is not a curriculum and is not a program or a one-size-fits-all approach,” he said. “It will give teachers a foundational understanding of how children learn to read. Teachers will still have a lot of room locally to decide which instructional moves to make on any given day for any given children. So, you’ll still have significant differentiation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A nationwide push\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California’s push to adopt the science of reading approach to early literacy is in sync with \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/the-science-of-reading-in-2024-5-state-initiatives-to-watch/2024/01#:~:text=These%20actions%20join%20a%20mounting,to%20evidence%2Dbased%20reading%20instruction.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">37 states \u003c/a>and some cities, such as New York City, that have passed similar legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11972684,mindshift_63241,news_11969236\" label=\"Related Stories\"]States nationwide are rejecting balanced literacy as failing to effectively teach children how to read, since it trains children to use pictures to recognize words on sight, also known as three-cueing. The new method would teach children to decode words by sounding them out, a process known as phonics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although phonics, the ability to connect letters to sounds, has drawn the most attention, the science of reading focuses on four other pillars of literacy instruction: phonemic awareness, identifying distinct units of sounds; vocabulary; comprehension; and fluency. It is based on research on how the \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2023/why-theres-more-to-the-science-of-reading-than-phonics/695976\">brain connects \u003c/a>letters with sounds when learning to read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with mandating the science of reading approach to instruction, AB 2222 would require that all TK to fifth-grade teachers, literacy coaches and specialists take a 30-hour-minimum course in reading instruction by 2028. School districts and charter schools would purchase textbooks from an approved list endorsed by the State Board of Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation goes against the state policy of local control that gives school districts authority to select curriculum and teaching methods as long as they meet state academic standards. Currently, the state encourages, but does not mandate, districts to incorporate instruction in the science of reading in the early grades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a big bill,” said Yolie Flores, president of Families in Schools, a co-sponsor. “We’re very proud that it’s a big bill because that means it is truly consequential in the best way possible for children. It’s not a sort of tweak around the edges kind though, it’s the kind of bill that really brings transformation. So we are hoping that the Legislature sees beyond the sort of typical pushback and resistance, and in the end, I think, teachers will see that this was a huge benefit for them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Seeking compromise\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The bill’s author, Blanca Rubio (D-Baldwin Park) said she took CTA’s seven-page letter not as an outright rejection but as an opportunity for negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m glad they sent this letter,” she said. “They outline their objections and the reasons why, and that’s something I can work with. It’s not a flat, ‘No, we don’t want you to do it.’ They gave me specific items that I can look at and have a conversation about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said that Assemblymember Muratsuchi asked her to work with the CTA on a compromise. She is also meeting with consultants for Assembly Speaker Robert Rivas (D-Salinas) “to look at the big picture,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Flores says the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2024/legislative-analyst-update-projects-bigger-funding-drop-for-schools-community-colleges/706457\">budget problems\u003c/a>, with predictions of no money for new programs, may be a bigger hurdle to getting the bill passed than the CTA opposition. The cost of paying for the required professional development for teachers would total $200 million to $300 million, she said. Because it is a mandate, the state would be required to repay districts for the cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is a drop in the bucket for something so transformational, so consequential,” Flores said. “I hope that the Legislature really comes to that realization. We’re in a budget deficit, but our budget is a statement of priorities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates say that it is imperative that California mandate instruction in the science of reading. In 2023, just 43% of California third graders met the academic standards on the state’s standardized test in 2023. Only 27.2% of Black students, 32% of Latino students and 35% of lower-income children were reading at grade level, compared with 57.5% of white, 69% of Asian and 66% of non-low-income students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s foundational,” Flores said. “It’s not the only thing teachers need to know. It’s not the only thing that teachers will need to do and to adhere to, but it’s sort of the basic foundational knowledge of how children’s brains work in order to learn to read.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would sunset in 2028 when all teachers are required to have completed training. Beginning in July, all teacher preparation programs would be required to teach future educators to base literacy instruction on the science of reading.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Needs of English learners\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The CTA and other critics of AB 2222 charge that it ignores the need of English learners for oral language skills, vocabulary and comparison between their home languages and English, which they need in order to learn how to read.\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2023/california-lags-behind-other-states-in-bilingual-education-for-english-learners/701270\"> Four out of 10 students\u003c/a> in California start school as English learners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuck disputes this. “We actually emphasize oral language development,” he said. “This would be the first statute that would say when instructional materials are adopted, and when teachers are trained in the science of reading, they must include a focus on English learners and oral language development.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representatives from Californians Together, an advocacy organization for English learners and bilingual education, applauded the CTA’s opposition to the bill. They oppose the bill, rather than suggest amendments, because they disagree with its overall approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We just don’t think this is the right bill to address literacy needs,” said Executive Director Martha Hernandez. “It’s very restrictive. We know that mandates don’t work. It lacks a robust, comprehensive approach for multilingual learners.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, Californians Together and the California Association for Bilingual Education have both said they would prefer California fund the training of teachers and full implementation of the \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/rl/cf/documents/elaeldfwintro.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">English Language Arts/English Language Development Framework (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The framework was adopted in 2014 and encourages, but does not mandate, explicit instruction in foundational skills and oral language development for English learners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Language Teachers Association has requested the bill be amended to include information about teaching literacy in languages not based on the English alphabet, such as Japanese, Chinese or Arabic, according to Executive Director Liz Matchett. However, the organization has not yet taken a position on the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I agree that we want to support all children to be able to read. If they can’t read, they can’t participate in education, which is the one way that is proven to change people’s circumstances,” said Matchett, who teaches Spanish at Gunn High School in Palo Alto. “There’s nothing to oppose about that. I’m still a classroom teacher, and all the time, you get kids in high school who can’t read.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://west.edtrust.org/press-release/statement-on-ab-2222-rubio-early-literacy-science-of-reading/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Education Trust-West\u003c/a> urges changes in the bill to center the needs of “multilingual learners” — children who speak languages other than English at home — and to include more oversight and fewer mandates, such as those that may discourage new teachers from entering the profession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If our recommended amendments were to be accepted, EdTrust-West would support it as a much-needed solution to California’s acute literacy crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Claude Goldenberg, professor emeritus of education at Stanford University, said “it was disappointing” to see CTA’s opposition, particularly because the union did not suggest amendments. He said he had met with representatives from CTA and urged them to identify what could be changed in the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2024/english-learners-too-would-benefit-from-fixing-how-we-teach-reading-in-california-this-bill-is-a-good-start/708799\"> EdSource commentary\u003c/a>, Goldenberg urged opponents to “do the right thing for all students. AB 2222’s introduction is an important step forward on the road to universal literacy in California. We must get it on the right track and take it across the finish line.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Referring to the CTA’s opposition, Goldenberg said, “Obviously my urgings fell flat. They identified why they’re opposing, but there’s no indication of any possible re-evaluation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2024/english-learners-too-would-benefit-from-fixing-how-we-teach-reading-in-california-this-bill-is-a-good-start/708799\">Goldenberg\u003c/a>, who served on the National Literacy Panel, which synthesized research on literacy development among children who speak languages other than English, has called on the bill’s authors to amend it to include a more comprehensive definition of the “science of reading” and include more information about teaching students to read in English as a second language and in their home languages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CTA has \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2024/cta-sponsored-legislation-would-remove-one-of-states-last-required-tests-for-teachers/706391\">changed its position\u003c/a> on bills related to literacy instruction in the last two years. It had originally supported \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2024/cta-sponsored-legislation-would-remove-one-of-states-last-required-tests-for-teachers/706391\">Senate Bill 488\u003c/a>, which passed in 2022. The legislation requires a literacy performance assessment for teachers and oversight of literacy instruction in teacher preparation. The union is now in support of a bill that would do away with both.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The change of course was attributed to a survey of 1,300 CTA members, who said the assessment caused stress, took away time that could have been used to collaborate with mentors and for teaching, and did not prepare them to meet the needs of students, according to Leslie Littman, vice president of the union, in a prior interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veteran political observer Dan Schnur said he’s not surprised CTA would oppose the bill since some of its political allies are against it; the question is how important CTA considers the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it becomes a pitched battle, CTA will have to decide whether it is one of its highest priorities in this session,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom hasn’t indicated his position yet, but Schnur, the press secretary for former Gov. Pete Wilson, who teaches political communications at UC Berkeley and USC, said, “This is not the type of fight Newsom needs or wants right now. If he has strong feelings, it’s hard to see him going to war for or against.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2024/bill-to-mandate-science-of-reading-in-california-schools-faces-teachers-union-opposition/709193\">\u003cem>This story was originally published in EdSource.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The teachers union put its opposition to \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2222\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AB 2222\u003c/a> in writing in a lengthy letter to Assembly Education Committee Chairman Al Muratsuchi last week. The committee is expected to hear the bill, introduced in February, later this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://edsource.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/EarllyLit-AB2222-CTA-no-032824.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The letter \u003c/a>includes a checklist of complaints including that the proposed legislation would duplicate and potentially undermine current literacy initiatives, would not meet the needs of English learner students and cuts teachers out of the decision-making process, especially when it comes to curriculum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Educators are best equipped to make school and classroom decisions to ensure student success,” the letter said. “Limiting instructional approaches undermines teachers’ professional autonomy and may impede their effectiveness in the classroom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marshall Tuck, CEO of EdVoice, an advocacy nonprofit co-sponsoring the bill, said he was surprised that CTA would oppose legislation that would ensure all teachers are trained to use the latest brain research to teach children how to read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately, a lot of folks in the field haven’t actually been trained on that, and a lot of the instruction materials in classrooms today don’t align with that,” Tuck said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuck said CTA appears to misunderstand the body of evidence-based research known as the science of reading. It “is not a curriculum and is not a program or a one-size-fits-all approach,” he said. “It will give teachers a foundational understanding of how children learn to read. Teachers will still have a lot of room locally to decide which instructional moves to make on any given day for any given children. So, you’ll still have significant differentiation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A nationwide push\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California’s push to adopt the science of reading approach to early literacy is in sync with \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/the-science-of-reading-in-2024-5-state-initiatives-to-watch/2024/01#:~:text=These%20actions%20join%20a%20mounting,to%20evidence%2Dbased%20reading%20instruction.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">37 states \u003c/a>and some cities, such as New York City, that have passed similar legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>States nationwide are rejecting balanced literacy as failing to effectively teach children how to read, since it trains children to use pictures to recognize words on sight, also known as three-cueing. The new method would teach children to decode words by sounding them out, a process known as phonics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although phonics, the ability to connect letters to sounds, has drawn the most attention, the science of reading focuses on four other pillars of literacy instruction: phonemic awareness, identifying distinct units of sounds; vocabulary; comprehension; and fluency. It is based on research on how the \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2023/why-theres-more-to-the-science-of-reading-than-phonics/695976\">brain connects \u003c/a>letters with sounds when learning to read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with mandating the science of reading approach to instruction, AB 2222 would require that all TK to fifth-grade teachers, literacy coaches and specialists take a 30-hour-minimum course in reading instruction by 2028. School districts and charter schools would purchase textbooks from an approved list endorsed by the State Board of Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation goes against the state policy of local control that gives school districts authority to select curriculum and teaching methods as long as they meet state academic standards. Currently, the state encourages, but does not mandate, districts to incorporate instruction in the science of reading in the early grades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a big bill,” said Yolie Flores, president of Families in Schools, a co-sponsor. “We’re very proud that it’s a big bill because that means it is truly consequential in the best way possible for children. It’s not a sort of tweak around the edges kind though, it’s the kind of bill that really brings transformation. So we are hoping that the Legislature sees beyond the sort of typical pushback and resistance, and in the end, I think, teachers will see that this was a huge benefit for them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Seeking compromise\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The bill’s author, Blanca Rubio (D-Baldwin Park) said she took CTA’s seven-page letter not as an outright rejection but as an opportunity for negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m glad they sent this letter,” she said. “They outline their objections and the reasons why, and that’s something I can work with. It’s not a flat, ‘No, we don’t want you to do it.’ They gave me specific items that I can look at and have a conversation about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said that Assemblymember Muratsuchi asked her to work with the CTA on a compromise. She is also meeting with consultants for Assembly Speaker Robert Rivas (D-Salinas) “to look at the big picture,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Flores says the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2024/legislative-analyst-update-projects-bigger-funding-drop-for-schools-community-colleges/706457\">budget problems\u003c/a>, with predictions of no money for new programs, may be a bigger hurdle to getting the bill passed than the CTA opposition. The cost of paying for the required professional development for teachers would total $200 million to $300 million, she said. Because it is a mandate, the state would be required to repay districts for the cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is a drop in the bucket for something so transformational, so consequential,” Flores said. “I hope that the Legislature really comes to that realization. We’re in a budget deficit, but our budget is a statement of priorities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates say that it is imperative that California mandate instruction in the science of reading. In 2023, just 43% of California third graders met the academic standards on the state’s standardized test in 2023. Only 27.2% of Black students, 32% of Latino students and 35% of lower-income children were reading at grade level, compared with 57.5% of white, 69% of Asian and 66% of non-low-income students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s foundational,” Flores said. “It’s not the only thing teachers need to know. It’s not the only thing that teachers will need to do and to adhere to, but it’s sort of the basic foundational knowledge of how children’s brains work in order to learn to read.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would sunset in 2028 when all teachers are required to have completed training. Beginning in July, all teacher preparation programs would be required to teach future educators to base literacy instruction on the science of reading.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Needs of English learners\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The CTA and other critics of AB 2222 charge that it ignores the need of English learners for oral language skills, vocabulary and comparison between their home languages and English, which they need in order to learn how to read.\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2023/california-lags-behind-other-states-in-bilingual-education-for-english-learners/701270\"> Four out of 10 students\u003c/a> in California start school as English learners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuck disputes this. “We actually emphasize oral language development,” he said. “This would be the first statute that would say when instructional materials are adopted, and when teachers are trained in the science of reading, they must include a focus on English learners and oral language development.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representatives from Californians Together, an advocacy organization for English learners and bilingual education, applauded the CTA’s opposition to the bill. They oppose the bill, rather than suggest amendments, because they disagree with its overall approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We just don’t think this is the right bill to address literacy needs,” said Executive Director Martha Hernandez. “It’s very restrictive. We know that mandates don’t work. It lacks a robust, comprehensive approach for multilingual learners.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, Californians Together and the California Association for Bilingual Education have both said they would prefer California fund the training of teachers and full implementation of the \u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/rl/cf/documents/elaeldfwintro.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">English Language Arts/English Language Development Framework (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The framework was adopted in 2014 and encourages, but does not mandate, explicit instruction in foundational skills and oral language development for English learners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Language Teachers Association has requested the bill be amended to include information about teaching literacy in languages not based on the English alphabet, such as Japanese, Chinese or Arabic, according to Executive Director Liz Matchett. However, the organization has not yet taken a position on the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I agree that we want to support all children to be able to read. If they can’t read, they can’t participate in education, which is the one way that is proven to change people’s circumstances,” said Matchett, who teaches Spanish at Gunn High School in Palo Alto. “There’s nothing to oppose about that. I’m still a classroom teacher, and all the time, you get kids in high school who can’t read.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"external\" href=\"https://west.edtrust.org/press-release/statement-on-ab-2222-rubio-early-literacy-science-of-reading/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Education Trust-West\u003c/a> urges changes in the bill to center the needs of “multilingual learners” — children who speak languages other than English at home — and to include more oversight and fewer mandates, such as those that may discourage new teachers from entering the profession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If our recommended amendments were to be accepted, EdTrust-West would support it as a much-needed solution to California’s acute literacy crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Claude Goldenberg, professor emeritus of education at Stanford University, said “it was disappointing” to see CTA’s opposition, particularly because the union did not suggest amendments. He said he had met with representatives from CTA and urged them to identify what could be changed in the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2024/english-learners-too-would-benefit-from-fixing-how-we-teach-reading-in-california-this-bill-is-a-good-start/708799\"> EdSource commentary\u003c/a>, Goldenberg urged opponents to “do the right thing for all students. AB 2222’s introduction is an important step forward on the road to universal literacy in California. We must get it on the right track and take it across the finish line.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Referring to the CTA’s opposition, Goldenberg said, “Obviously my urgings fell flat. They identified why they’re opposing, but there’s no indication of any possible re-evaluation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2024/english-learners-too-would-benefit-from-fixing-how-we-teach-reading-in-california-this-bill-is-a-good-start/708799\">Goldenberg\u003c/a>, who served on the National Literacy Panel, which synthesized research on literacy development among children who speak languages other than English, has called on the bill’s authors to amend it to include a more comprehensive definition of the “science of reading” and include more information about teaching students to read in English as a second language and in their home languages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CTA has \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2024/cta-sponsored-legislation-would-remove-one-of-states-last-required-tests-for-teachers/706391\">changed its position\u003c/a> on bills related to literacy instruction in the last two years. It had originally supported \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2024/cta-sponsored-legislation-would-remove-one-of-states-last-required-tests-for-teachers/706391\">Senate Bill 488\u003c/a>, which passed in 2022. The legislation requires a literacy performance assessment for teachers and oversight of literacy instruction in teacher preparation. The union is now in support of a bill that would do away with both.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The change of course was attributed to a survey of 1,300 CTA members, who said the assessment caused stress, took away time that could have been used to collaborate with mentors and for teaching, and did not prepare them to meet the needs of students, according to Leslie Littman, vice president of the union, in a prior interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veteran political observer Dan Schnur said he’s not surprised CTA would oppose the bill since some of its political allies are against it; the question is how important CTA considers the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it becomes a pitched battle, CTA will have to decide whether it is one of its highest priorities in this session,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom hasn’t indicated his position yet, but Schnur, the press secretary for former Gov. Pete Wilson, who teaches political communications at UC Berkeley and USC, said, “This is not the type of fight Newsom needs or wants right now. If he has strong feelings, it’s hard to see him going to war for or against.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2024/bill-to-mandate-science-of-reading-in-california-schools-faces-teachers-union-opposition/709193\">\u003cem>This story was originally published in EdSource.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "native-american-students-at-ucs-get-free-tuition-heres-why-it-isnt-enough",
"title": "Native American Students at UCs Get Free Tuition. Here's Why It Isn't Enough",
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"headTitle": "Native American Students at UCs Get Free Tuition. Here’s Why It Isn’t Enough | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>For high school senior Robert McConnell, an acceptance to UC Santa Cruz would all but guarantee his attendance. That’s because, as a member of a federally recognized tribe, McConnell would not have to pay tuition to pursue his dreams of studying marine biology under the \u003ca href=\"https://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/tuition-financial-aid/types-of-aid/native-american-opportunity-plan.html\">UC Native American Opportunity Plan\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Launched in 2021, the University of California plan offers free tuition to any member of a federal or state-recognized Native American tribe who can provide proof of membership. McConnell, a member of the Hoopa Valley Tribe in rural Northern California, said an acceptance will grant him opportunities that aren’t available in his unincorporated tribal community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over 85% of the residents in \u003ca href=\"https://data.census.gov/profile/Hoopa_CDP,_California?g=160XX00US0634540#race-and-ethnicity:~:text=Race%20and%20Ethnicity-,American%20Indian%20and%20Alaska%20Native,-2%2C678\">Hoopa\u003c/a> identify as Native American or Alaskan Native. Leaving behind \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/k-12-education/2024/03/native-american-students-california/\">cultural and family support\u003c/a> to attend far-away institutions can be extremely difficult for Native students. The nearest UC campus to Hoopa is Davis, 200 miles away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the low-to-middle-income Native students of Hoopa, an opportunity to attend UC is invaluable. The reported monthly income for families in the small territory is just over $55,000 a year — qualifying many for federal and state tuition assistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really easy to get stuck here in Hoopa Valley, in this little community,” McConnell said. Out of the nearly 3,000 residents of Hoopa, only about \u003ca href=\"https://data.census.gov/all?q=Hoopa%20CDP,%20California&t=Educational%20Attainment\">16%\u003c/a> have a bachelor’s degree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is a caveat in the system’s opportunity plan — funds can only go toward paying tuition, not the non-tuition-related expenses like housing and transportation that constitute \u003ca href=\"https://www.csac.ca.gov/sites/main/files/file-attachments/2023-24_student_expense_budget.pdf\">the bulk of expenses (PDF)\u003c/a> for California students. Paying out of pocket for rent in expensive areas is especially daunting for prospective students like McConnell, who must relocate to pursue his education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Californians who identify as Native account for 1.7% of the population statewide, or around 660,000 people, according to 2022 \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/CA/RHI325222#:~:text=6.5%25-,American,-Indian%20and%20Alaska\">census data\u003c/a>. Across the UC system, 1,788 \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/about-us/information-center/fall-enrollment-glance#:~:text=us%20Information%20center-,Fall%20enrollment%20at%20a%20glance,-Fall%20enrollment%20at\">Native students\u003c/a> constitute 0.6% of the total student body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California State University system enrolls \u003ca href=\"https://www.calstate.edu/csu-system/about-the-csu/facts-about-the-csu/Documents/facts2024.pdf\">around half (PDF)\u003c/a> the Native students UC does, with 833 students comprising 0.2% of enrollment in Fall 2023. The California Community Colleges enrolled 6,580 Native students in 2022–2023, around 0.3% of its total student population. None of these counts include Native Hawaiian students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Native students and campus administrators report that the UC is still a long way from being a place where Native students can thrive. Native high schoolers who spoke to CalMatters reported feeling hopeful about their admission, but currently enrolled Native students report that strains on their student budgets along with insufficient resources and a lack of Native faculty mentors have made their educational experience at the UC less enriching than they expected.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Native American Opportunity Plan only covers tuition\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Cedar Schaeffer, a third-year public health major at UC Irvine and member of the Round Valley Tribe, said the plan’s limits have had a large impact on his student budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It doesn’t cover housing. It doesn’t even cover the tech fee waiver at UC Irvine,” said Schaeffer, who grew up about 70 miles from Irvine on the Pala Band of Indians Reservation. “So there’s more than about $3,000 that I usually pay every year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11982063\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11982063\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents02.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1335\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents02.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents02-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents02-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents02-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents02-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents02-1920x1282.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cedar Schaeffer, president of the American Indian Student Association, at UC Irvine on March 28, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Like many other forms of financial aid, related college expenses such as housing and books are not covered by the plan. According to the California Student Aid Commission’s 2023–24 \u003ca href=\"https://www.csac.ca.gov/sites/main/files/file-attachments/2023-24_student_expense_budget.pdf\">student expense budgets (PDF)\u003c/a>, non-tuition-related costs can amount to an additional $5,000 a year for students in on-campus housing, on top of the dorm rent rates set by the campus. Non-tuition-related costs can balloon up to $27,000 for off-campus students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Cedar Schaeffer, third-year public health major, UC Irvine\"]‘It doesn’t cover housing. It doesn’t even cover the tech fee waiver at UC Irvine.’[/pullquote]The system estimated it would grant \u003ca href=\"https://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/tuition-financial-aid/types-of-aid/native-american-opportunity-plan.html\">$2.4 million\u003c/a> in tuition assistance to Native students in the 2022–23 term funded by state and federal grants. The Public Policy Institute of California estimated the funds assisted 500 undergraduates and 160 graduate students during \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/blog/native-american-students-may-gain-better-access-to-uc-with-new-aid-program/#:~:text=The%20UC%20Native%20American%20Opportunity%20Plan%20aims%20to%20better%20support,or%20about%2044%25%20of%20the\">the first term\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Hoopa Valley, McConnell said the financial aid he expects to receive would already cover tuition costs, meaning he could not use the plan’s tuition waiver. To afford the cost of living 400 miles away in pricey Santa Cruz, McConnell said outside scholarship assistance will be vital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amanda Putnam, a Native American Recruitment & Outreach Specialist at UC Merced, said she doesn’t believe the current plan fully accomplishes the UC’s goal of making its campuses more accessible and affordable for Native students. She said non-tuition costs alone could dissuade many students from considering the UC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s daunting to have $10,000 to $15,000 to even $20,000 of housing facing them,” Putnam said. “I would say that that’s probably the biggest portion, about half the [current] students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>UCs lack Native resources and representation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even accounting for the rise in admissions, Indigenous students composed 1% of total \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucop.edu/institutional-research-academic-planning/_files/factsheets/2023/admission-table-2-1.pdf\">UC student admissions (PDF)\u003c/a> in 2022–23. Systemwide, Native-identifying \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/about-us/information-center/uc-workforce-diversity\">faculty and teaching assistants\u003c/a> represent about 219 of the 73,024 total at the UC, just over 0.3% as of October 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaeffer himself was informed by a family member that applying to the UC could save him thousands, and UC Irvine was a more affordable option compared to his alternatives on the East Coast. But Schaeffer said that once he arrived at UC Irvine, he was appalled at the lack of Native representation on campus. Schaeffer said he was surprised at the amount of work Native student groups are expected to put in to organize events and garner additional community resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Cedar Schaeffer, third-year public health major, UC Irvine\"]‘Representation really is a huge factor. When you don’t have your community on campus, you’re less motivated to continue on.’[/pullquote]“Representation really is a huge factor,” he said. “When you don’t have your community on campus, you’re less motivated to continue on. I know a lot of people feel unsupported on campus, and I’ve even thought about transferring to another institution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rise in Native enrollment has shifted the focus of administrators and faculty onto providing more support for potential and current Native students, according to Pheonecia Bauerle, chair of the UC-wide Native American Advisory Council and director of Native student development at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It shows the [plan] encourages more people to apply,” she said. “As we’re getting more students, I’m trying to ramp up on creating frameworks for how to understand, how to serve the students. When you have small numbers, it’s usually how it starts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight UCs have created spaces to foster a closer Native student community. UC Irvine and UC Merced are the only two campuses that have yet to establish a physical, on-campus resource center for Native students that is run by faculty or staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11982082\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11982082\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents04.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents04.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents04-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents04-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents04-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents04-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents04-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sofia (center), Carlos Morales (left) and Stormi Alejandre (right) take part in an after-Easter gathering at the Native American Academic Student Success Center at UC Davis on April 1, 2024. \u003ccite>(José Luis Villegas/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Putnam, at UC Merced, said a lack of funding compared to other, more established UCs has limited the resources she’s able to offer her Native students. According to Bauerle, even the oldest UC in the system, UC Berkeley, only expanded the multicultural center to add a Native student wing when she was hired 10 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not at the place yet of establishing any programs or things like that,” Putnam said. “The funding just isn’t there yet. Me being able to be that one-on-one support for students has been huge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Native students are filling gaps in programming\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some students have taken action themselves to fill the void in resources and programming. On UCLA’s campus, Native student groups coordinate on-campus events with the Native American Studies department and the campus administration, but organize most of their cultural events, recruitment efforts and informational tables.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maya Araujo — a fourth-year American Indian Studies major and vice president of the Native American Indigenous Student Association at UCLA — said resources are primarily offered by students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are in contact with [administrators], but it’s kind of like nagging them,” Araujo said. “It’s kind of difficult to get resources, even from our American Indian Studies Center. … It’s mostly like us advocating for ourselves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without student intervention, the resources for Native students on campus wouldn’t be enough, Araujo added. Even at UCLA, where the Native student population is the largest by number at the UC at \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/about-us/information-center/fall-enrollment-glance\">321 students\u003c/a> in Fall 2023, Araujo said there is little representation among faculty. UCLA employed 15 \u003ca href=\"https://equity.ucla.edu/workforce_diversity/\">Native faculty members\u003c/a> in Fall 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students at other UCs have even less communication with the administration. Christine Frazier, a fourth-year student studying ecology, behavior and evolution at UC San Diego and a member of the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, said students arrange most of their own events and cultural celebrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any Native events, whether that be Native American and/or the Intertribal Resource Center, it’s mostly Natives who go or work there,” Frazier said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Difficulties in recruiting Native students\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of the reasons Frazier decided to attend UC San Diego was because of a connection she made with a member of the Intertribal Resource Center on campus during her UC application process. Upon arriving, Frazier — who now co-chairs the Native American and Indigenous Student Alliance — was shocked to find virtually no representation outside of meetings with Native student groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re definitely a small number there, especially with my club,” she said. “Most of the time, I’m one of the only Indigenous or Native students in really any setting, except when I’m at these Intertribal Resource Center or Native American and Indigenous Student Association events.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Christine Frazier, fourth-year ecology, behavior and evolution major, UC San Diego\"]‘Most of the time, I’m one of the only Indigenous or Native students in really any setting …’[/pullquote]It would be difficult to attract more Native students to the UC without established student, faculty or administrative representation, Frazier said. In her four years at UC San Diego, she has only had one Native professor and rarely communicates with administrators. Currently, 0.2% of faculty members at \u003ca href=\"https://diversity.ucsd.edu/accountability/academic-personnel.html\">UC San Diego\u003c/a> are Native.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each UC attracts a unique student and faculty base, which means individual campuses have to emphasize distinct recruitment efforts, Bauerle said. At UC Berkeley, Bauerle focuses her recruitment through the many Native organizations in the Bay Area, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ifhurbanrez.org/\">Intertribal Friendship House in Oakland\u003c/a> — one of the first Native community centers in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fewer Native students come from reservations and more are growing up in urban, suburban or rural areas,” Bauerle said. “Their experience with communities is going to look a lot different and so it means to adjust how we offer programs and meet students where they’re at.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At UC Merced, Puntam said recruitment is more concentrated on reservations; she attends powwows and interacts directly with tribes like the Yokuts and Miwuk in the areas surrounding Merced to attract Native students.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The UC’s plans for the future\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some faculty and students point to UC Davis as a model for serving Native students. The campus has two dedicated programs: the Native American Academic Student Success Center and the Native American Retention Initiative Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Student resource centers, scholarship opportunities and community-driven events can make the difference for prospective Native students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, McConnell said UC Davis’ \u003ca href=\"https://housing.ucdavis.edu/academics/living-learning-communities/2023-24/\">shared interest communities\u003c/a> are a primary reason for his application. Shared interest communities are living and learning spaces for certain student groups, like Native students, to congregate and explore their cultures and history. Around 390 students, most but not all Native, live together in the Yosemite dormitory at UC Davis as part of the Native shared interest community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rest of the UC campuses would like to take a more aggressive approach to Native student recruitment and tribal partnerships, though no official timelines have been set, Bauerle said. She added that each UC campus will likely be taking a unique approach that benefits its student base.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Davis, a little bit at Berkeley, UCLA, San Diego, they’re partnering with tribes in different capacities, and allowing graduate students to see opportunities to do work with Indigenous communities,” Bauerle said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11982064\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11982064\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents03.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents03.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents03-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents03-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents03-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents03-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents03-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Posters of past Native American cultural events hang in the communal space at Yosemite Hall at UC Davis on April 1, 2024. \u003ccite>(José Luis Villegas/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Additionally, the UC has work to do reconciling relationships with Native tribes by cataloging and returning Native ancestral remains and artifacts that campuses have in their possession. Multiple state audit reports found the UC system lacked the policies, urgency and staffing to comply with \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/higher-education/college-beat/2023/12/california-universities-repatriation-native-artifacts/\">Native repatriation laws\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some progress is being made, including new policies governing repatriation the UC issued in 2021. Last October, UC Berkeley also took the first step to return 4,400 Native remains and 25,000 Native cultural artifacts to California tribes in what would be\u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2023/10/31/2023-23975/notice-of-inventory-completion-university-of-california-berkeley-berkeley-ca\"> the largest repatriation\u003c/a> for the campus to date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='More on Education' tag='education']Bauerle is advocating for universal recruitment and retention standards across the UC that cater to all Native students, regardless of their campus. “Not all campuses look the same or have the same resources that they’re able to provide,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaeffer said what he’d like to see most is for UC administrators to play a larger role in assuring that Native students have proper resources and directories for those resources on campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think for the future, we really want to be able to look towards leadership on campus — the chancellor, the deans, those administration positions,” Schaeffer said. “We really want to be able to ask them for help, not have those barriers of, ‘Oh, we’re out of office,’ or, ‘I’m gonna refer you to someone else.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Buchanan is a fellow with the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/category/education/higher-education/college-beat/\">\u003cem>College Journalism Network\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a collaboration between CalMatters and student journalists from across California. CalMatters higher education coverage is supported by a grant from the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "UC's Native American Opportunity Plan offers free tuition to Native students in California. Still, they face challenges like budget strains, inadequate resources and faculty representation, hindering academic success.",
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"title": "Native American Students at UCs Get Free Tuition. Here's Why It Isn't Enough | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For high school senior Robert McConnell, an acceptance to UC Santa Cruz would all but guarantee his attendance. That’s because, as a member of a federally recognized tribe, McConnell would not have to pay tuition to pursue his dreams of studying marine biology under the \u003ca href=\"https://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/tuition-financial-aid/types-of-aid/native-american-opportunity-plan.html\">UC Native American Opportunity Plan\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Launched in 2021, the University of California plan offers free tuition to any member of a federal or state-recognized Native American tribe who can provide proof of membership. McConnell, a member of the Hoopa Valley Tribe in rural Northern California, said an acceptance will grant him opportunities that aren’t available in his unincorporated tribal community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over 85% of the residents in \u003ca href=\"https://data.census.gov/profile/Hoopa_CDP,_California?g=160XX00US0634540#race-and-ethnicity:~:text=Race%20and%20Ethnicity-,American%20Indian%20and%20Alaska%20Native,-2%2C678\">Hoopa\u003c/a> identify as Native American or Alaskan Native. Leaving behind \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/k-12-education/2024/03/native-american-students-california/\">cultural and family support\u003c/a> to attend far-away institutions can be extremely difficult for Native students. The nearest UC campus to Hoopa is Davis, 200 miles away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the low-to-middle-income Native students of Hoopa, an opportunity to attend UC is invaluable. The reported monthly income for families in the small territory is just over $55,000 a year — qualifying many for federal and state tuition assistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really easy to get stuck here in Hoopa Valley, in this little community,” McConnell said. Out of the nearly 3,000 residents of Hoopa, only about \u003ca href=\"https://data.census.gov/all?q=Hoopa%20CDP,%20California&t=Educational%20Attainment\">16%\u003c/a> have a bachelor’s degree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is a caveat in the system’s opportunity plan — funds can only go toward paying tuition, not the non-tuition-related expenses like housing and transportation that constitute \u003ca href=\"https://www.csac.ca.gov/sites/main/files/file-attachments/2023-24_student_expense_budget.pdf\">the bulk of expenses (PDF)\u003c/a> for California students. Paying out of pocket for rent in expensive areas is especially daunting for prospective students like McConnell, who must relocate to pursue his education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Californians who identify as Native account for 1.7% of the population statewide, or around 660,000 people, according to 2022 \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/CA/RHI325222#:~:text=6.5%25-,American,-Indian%20and%20Alaska\">census data\u003c/a>. Across the UC system, 1,788 \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/about-us/information-center/fall-enrollment-glance#:~:text=us%20Information%20center-,Fall%20enrollment%20at%20a%20glance,-Fall%20enrollment%20at\">Native students\u003c/a> constitute 0.6% of the total student body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California State University system enrolls \u003ca href=\"https://www.calstate.edu/csu-system/about-the-csu/facts-about-the-csu/Documents/facts2024.pdf\">around half (PDF)\u003c/a> the Native students UC does, with 833 students comprising 0.2% of enrollment in Fall 2023. The California Community Colleges enrolled 6,580 Native students in 2022–2023, around 0.3% of its total student population. None of these counts include Native Hawaiian students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Native students and campus administrators report that the UC is still a long way from being a place where Native students can thrive. Native high schoolers who spoke to CalMatters reported feeling hopeful about their admission, but currently enrolled Native students report that strains on their student budgets along with insufficient resources and a lack of Native faculty mentors have made their educational experience at the UC less enriching than they expected.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Native American Opportunity Plan only covers tuition\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Cedar Schaeffer, a third-year public health major at UC Irvine and member of the Round Valley Tribe, said the plan’s limits have had a large impact on his student budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It doesn’t cover housing. It doesn’t even cover the tech fee waiver at UC Irvine,” said Schaeffer, who grew up about 70 miles from Irvine on the Pala Band of Indians Reservation. “So there’s more than about $3,000 that I usually pay every year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11982063\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11982063\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents02.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1335\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents02.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents02-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents02-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents02-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents02-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents02-1920x1282.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cedar Schaeffer, president of the American Indian Student Association, at UC Irvine on March 28, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Like many other forms of financial aid, related college expenses such as housing and books are not covered by the plan. According to the California Student Aid Commission’s 2023–24 \u003ca href=\"https://www.csac.ca.gov/sites/main/files/file-attachments/2023-24_student_expense_budget.pdf\">student expense budgets (PDF)\u003c/a>, non-tuition-related costs can amount to an additional $5,000 a year for students in on-campus housing, on top of the dorm rent rates set by the campus. Non-tuition-related costs can balloon up to $27,000 for off-campus students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The system estimated it would grant \u003ca href=\"https://admission.universityofcalifornia.edu/tuition-financial-aid/types-of-aid/native-american-opportunity-plan.html\">$2.4 million\u003c/a> in tuition assistance to Native students in the 2022–23 term funded by state and federal grants. The Public Policy Institute of California estimated the funds assisted 500 undergraduates and 160 graduate students during \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/blog/native-american-students-may-gain-better-access-to-uc-with-new-aid-program/#:~:text=The%20UC%20Native%20American%20Opportunity%20Plan%20aims%20to%20better%20support,or%20about%2044%25%20of%20the\">the first term\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Hoopa Valley, McConnell said the financial aid he expects to receive would already cover tuition costs, meaning he could not use the plan’s tuition waiver. To afford the cost of living 400 miles away in pricey Santa Cruz, McConnell said outside scholarship assistance will be vital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amanda Putnam, a Native American Recruitment & Outreach Specialist at UC Merced, said she doesn’t believe the current plan fully accomplishes the UC’s goal of making its campuses more accessible and affordable for Native students. She said non-tuition costs alone could dissuade many students from considering the UC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s daunting to have $10,000 to $15,000 to even $20,000 of housing facing them,” Putnam said. “I would say that that’s probably the biggest portion, about half the [current] students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>UCs lack Native resources and representation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even accounting for the rise in admissions, Indigenous students composed 1% of total \u003ca href=\"https://www.ucop.edu/institutional-research-academic-planning/_files/factsheets/2023/admission-table-2-1.pdf\">UC student admissions (PDF)\u003c/a> in 2022–23. Systemwide, Native-identifying \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/about-us/information-center/uc-workforce-diversity\">faculty and teaching assistants\u003c/a> represent about 219 of the 73,024 total at the UC, just over 0.3% as of October 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaeffer himself was informed by a family member that applying to the UC could save him thousands, and UC Irvine was a more affordable option compared to his alternatives on the East Coast. But Schaeffer said that once he arrived at UC Irvine, he was appalled at the lack of Native representation on campus. Schaeffer said he was surprised at the amount of work Native student groups are expected to put in to organize events and garner additional community resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Representation really is a huge factor. When you don’t have your community on campus, you’re less motivated to continue on.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Representation really is a huge factor,” he said. “When you don’t have your community on campus, you’re less motivated to continue on. I know a lot of people feel unsupported on campus, and I’ve even thought about transferring to another institution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rise in Native enrollment has shifted the focus of administrators and faculty onto providing more support for potential and current Native students, according to Pheonecia Bauerle, chair of the UC-wide Native American Advisory Council and director of Native student development at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It shows the [plan] encourages more people to apply,” she said. “As we’re getting more students, I’m trying to ramp up on creating frameworks for how to understand, how to serve the students. When you have small numbers, it’s usually how it starts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight UCs have created spaces to foster a closer Native student community. UC Irvine and UC Merced are the only two campuses that have yet to establish a physical, on-campus resource center for Native students that is run by faculty or staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11982082\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11982082\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents04.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents04.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents04-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents04-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents04-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents04-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents04-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sofia (center), Carlos Morales (left) and Stormi Alejandre (right) take part in an after-Easter gathering at the Native American Academic Student Success Center at UC Davis on April 1, 2024. \u003ccite>(José Luis Villegas/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Putnam, at UC Merced, said a lack of funding compared to other, more established UCs has limited the resources she’s able to offer her Native students. According to Bauerle, even the oldest UC in the system, UC Berkeley, only expanded the multicultural center to add a Native student wing when she was hired 10 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not at the place yet of establishing any programs or things like that,” Putnam said. “The funding just isn’t there yet. Me being able to be that one-on-one support for students has been huge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Native students are filling gaps in programming\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some students have taken action themselves to fill the void in resources and programming. On UCLA’s campus, Native student groups coordinate on-campus events with the Native American Studies department and the campus administration, but organize most of their cultural events, recruitment efforts and informational tables.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maya Araujo — a fourth-year American Indian Studies major and vice president of the Native American Indigenous Student Association at UCLA — said resources are primarily offered by students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are in contact with [administrators], but it’s kind of like nagging them,” Araujo said. “It’s kind of difficult to get resources, even from our American Indian Studies Center. … It’s mostly like us advocating for ourselves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without student intervention, the resources for Native students on campus wouldn’t be enough, Araujo added. Even at UCLA, where the Native student population is the largest by number at the UC at \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/about-us/information-center/fall-enrollment-glance\">321 students\u003c/a> in Fall 2023, Araujo said there is little representation among faculty. UCLA employed 15 \u003ca href=\"https://equity.ucla.edu/workforce_diversity/\">Native faculty members\u003c/a> in Fall 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students at other UCs have even less communication with the administration. Christine Frazier, a fourth-year student studying ecology, behavior and evolution at UC San Diego and a member of the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, said students arrange most of their own events and cultural celebrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any Native events, whether that be Native American and/or the Intertribal Resource Center, it’s mostly Natives who go or work there,” Frazier said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Difficulties in recruiting Native students\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of the reasons Frazier decided to attend UC San Diego was because of a connection she made with a member of the Intertribal Resource Center on campus during her UC application process. Upon arriving, Frazier — who now co-chairs the Native American and Indigenous Student Alliance — was shocked to find virtually no representation outside of meetings with Native student groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re definitely a small number there, especially with my club,” she said. “Most of the time, I’m one of the only Indigenous or Native students in really any setting, except when I’m at these Intertribal Resource Center or Native American and Indigenous Student Association events.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>It would be difficult to attract more Native students to the UC without established student, faculty or administrative representation, Frazier said. In her four years at UC San Diego, she has only had one Native professor and rarely communicates with administrators. Currently, 0.2% of faculty members at \u003ca href=\"https://diversity.ucsd.edu/accountability/academic-personnel.html\">UC San Diego\u003c/a> are Native.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each UC attracts a unique student and faculty base, which means individual campuses have to emphasize distinct recruitment efforts, Bauerle said. At UC Berkeley, Bauerle focuses her recruitment through the many Native organizations in the Bay Area, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ifhurbanrez.org/\">Intertribal Friendship House in Oakland\u003c/a> — one of the first Native community centers in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fewer Native students come from reservations and more are growing up in urban, suburban or rural areas,” Bauerle said. “Their experience with communities is going to look a lot different and so it means to adjust how we offer programs and meet students where they’re at.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At UC Merced, Puntam said recruitment is more concentrated on reservations; she attends powwows and interacts directly with tribes like the Yokuts and Miwuk in the areas surrounding Merced to attract Native students.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The UC’s plans for the future\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some faculty and students point to UC Davis as a model for serving Native students. The campus has two dedicated programs: the Native American Academic Student Success Center and the Native American Retention Initiative Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Student resource centers, scholarship opportunities and community-driven events can make the difference for prospective Native students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, McConnell said UC Davis’ \u003ca href=\"https://housing.ucdavis.edu/academics/living-learning-communities/2023-24/\">shared interest communities\u003c/a> are a primary reason for his application. Shared interest communities are living and learning spaces for certain student groups, like Native students, to congregate and explore their cultures and history. Around 390 students, most but not all Native, live together in the Yosemite dormitory at UC Davis as part of the Native shared interest community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rest of the UC campuses would like to take a more aggressive approach to Native student recruitment and tribal partnerships, though no official timelines have been set, Bauerle said. She added that each UC campus will likely be taking a unique approach that benefits its student base.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Davis, a little bit at Berkeley, UCLA, San Diego, they’re partnering with tribes in different capacities, and allowing graduate students to see opportunities to do work with Indigenous communities,” Bauerle said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11982064\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11982064\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents03.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents03.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents03-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents03-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents03-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents03-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/CMNativeStudents03-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Posters of past Native American cultural events hang in the communal space at Yosemite Hall at UC Davis on April 1, 2024. \u003ccite>(José Luis Villegas/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Additionally, the UC has work to do reconciling relationships with Native tribes by cataloging and returning Native ancestral remains and artifacts that campuses have in their possession. Multiple state audit reports found the UC system lacked the policies, urgency and staffing to comply with \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/higher-education/college-beat/2023/12/california-universities-repatriation-native-artifacts/\">Native repatriation laws\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some progress is being made, including new policies governing repatriation the UC issued in 2021. Last October, UC Berkeley also took the first step to return 4,400 Native remains and 25,000 Native cultural artifacts to California tribes in what would be\u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2023/10/31/2023-23975/notice-of-inventory-completion-university-of-california-berkeley-berkeley-ca\"> the largest repatriation\u003c/a> for the campus to date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Bauerle is advocating for universal recruitment and retention standards across the UC that cater to all Native students, regardless of their campus. “Not all campuses look the same or have the same resources that they’re able to provide,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaeffer said what he’d like to see most is for UC administrators to play a larger role in assuring that Native students have proper resources and directories for those resources on campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think for the future, we really want to be able to look towards leadership on campus — the chancellor, the deans, those administration positions,” Schaeffer said. “We really want to be able to ask them for help, not have those barriers of, ‘Oh, we’re out of office,’ or, ‘I’m gonna refer you to someone else.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Buchanan is a fellow with the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/category/education/higher-education/college-beat/\">\u003cem>College Journalism Network\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a collaboration between CalMatters and student journalists from across California. CalMatters higher education coverage is supported by a grant from the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "california-local-districts-try-to-recruit-and-retain-more-black-teachers-is-it-working",
"title": "Why Can't California, Districts Recruit and Retain More Black Teachers?",
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"content": "\u003cp>Recruiting and retaining Black teachers has taken on new urgency in recent years as California lawmakers try to ease the state’s teacher shortage. The state and individual school districts have launched initiatives to recruit teachers of color, but educators and advocates say more needs to be done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hiring a diverse group of teachers helps all students, but the impact is particularly significant for students of color, who then \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11971463/how-this-east-bay-school-district-improved-its-black-students-scores\">score higher on tests\u003c/a> and are more likely to graduate from college, \u003ca href=\"https://learningpolicyinstitute.org/product/diversifying-teaching-profession-report\">according to the Learning Policy Institute\u003c/a>. A recently released \u003ca href=\"https://www.aera.net/Newsroom/Study-Black-Boys-Are-Less-Likely-to-Be-Identified-for-Special-Education-When-Matched-with-Black-Teachers\">report\u003c/a> also found that Black boys are less likely to be identified for special education when they have a Black teacher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last five years, state lawmakers have made earning a credential easier and more affordable, and have offered incentives for school staff to become teachers — all moves meant to ease the teacher shortage and help to diversify the educator workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite efforts by the state and school districts, the number of Black teachers doesn’t seem to be increasing. Black teachers say that to keep them in the classroom, teacher preparation must be more affordable, pay and benefits increased, and more done to ensure they are treated with respect, supported and given opportunities to lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Black educators specifically said that they felt like they were being pushed out of the state of California,” said Jalisa Evans, chief executive director of the Black Educator Advocates Network of a recent survey of Black teachers. “When we look at the future of Black educators for the state, it can go either way, because what Black educators are feeling right now is that they’re not welcome.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Task force offers recommendations\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>State Superintendent of Public Instruction Tony Thurmond called diversifying the teacher workforce \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2019/effort-to-increase-the-number-of-teachers-of-color-in-california-classrooms-gains-momentum/618412\">a priority\u003c/a> and established the California Department of Education Educator Diversity Advisory Group in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The advisory group has made several \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/pd/ee/documents/dtwcouncilreportapril22.pdf\">recommendations (PDF)\u003c/a>, including beginning a public relations campaign and offering sustained funding to recruit and retain teachers of color, and providing guidance and accountability to school districts on the matter. The group also wants universities, community groups and school districts to enter into partnerships to build pathways for teachers of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=mindshift_61973,news_11958048,mindshift_58898]Since then, California has created a set of \u003ca href=\"https://www.dropbox.com/sh/twsl602cpvewo7c/AACOY6RtvFwAcHyskC25k7_ya?dl=0\">public service announcements\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1CIRWxU0o6JR6UmNbU6k4lUlAstFouDqj/view\">a video\u003c/a> to help recruit teachers and has \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/fg/fr/eb/ba2023-24.asp\">invested $10 million\u003c/a> to help people of color to become school administrators, said Travis Bristol, chairman of the advisory group and an associate professor of education at UC Berkeley. Staff from county offices of education also have been meeting to share ideas on how they can support districts’ efforts to recruit and retain teachers of color, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state also has invested more than $350 million over the past six years to fund \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2023/california-sunk-millions-into-teacher-residency-program-but-many-cant-afford-to-enroll/685984\">teacher residency programs\u003c/a>, and recently passed legislation to ensure residents are paid a minimum salary. Residents work alongside an experienced teacher-mentor for a year of clinical training while completing coursework in a university preparation program — a time commitment that often precludes them from taking a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legislators have also proposed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB1391\">a bill\u003c/a> that would require that student teachers be paid. Completing the 600 hours of unpaid student teaching required by the state, while paying for tuition, books, supplies and living expenses, is a challenge for many Black teacher candidates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Black teacher candidates typically take on much more student debt than their white counterparts, in part, because of the large racial wealth gap in the United States. \u003ca href=\"https://files.epi.org/uploads/228660.pdf\">A 2019 study (PDF)\u003c/a> by the Economic Policy Institute showed that the median white family had $184,000 in family wealth (property and cash), while the median Latino family had $38,000 and the median Black family had $23,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Lack of data makes it difficult to know what is working\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s difficult to know if state efforts are working. California hasn’t released any data on teacher demographics since the 2018–19 school year, although the data is submitted annually by school districts. The California Department of Education (CDE) did not provide updated data or interviews requested by EdSource for this story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.ed-data.org/state/CA?_gl=1*1jpjs0a*_ga*MTgzMjkyMjEyNC4xNzEyMjUxMDEy*_ga_475QR6J62K*MTcxMjI1MzEzNC4yLjEuMTcxMjI1Mzc4OS41NS4wLjA.\">most recent data\u003c/a> from CDE shows the number of Black teachers in California declined from 4.2% in 2009 to 3.9% during the 2018–19 school year. The National Center for Education Statistics data from the 2020–21 show that Black teachers made up 3.8% of the state educator workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having current data is a critical first step to understanding the problem and addressing it, said Mayra Lara, director of Southern California partnerships and engagement at The Education Trust-West, an education research and advocacy organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s be clear: The California Department of Education needs to annually publish educator demographic and experience data,” Lara said. “It has failed to do so for the past four years. … Without this data, families, communities and decision-makers really are in the dark when it comes to the diversity of the educator workforce.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>LA Unified losing Black teachers despite efforts\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While most state programs focus on recruiting and retaining all teachers of color, some California school districts have initiatives focused solely on recruiting Black teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s largest school district, Los Angeles Unified, passed \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Ki8U010oqK0bRw0dX6z94Dgy53T0Hgda/view\">the Black Student Excellence through Educator Diversity, Preparation and Retention resolution (PDF)\u003c/a> two years ago. It required district staff to develop a strategic plan to ensure schools have Black teachers, administrators and mental health workers, and to advocate for programs that offer pathways for Black people to become teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the resolution was passed, in February 2022, Los Angeles Unified had 1,889 Black teachers — \u003ca href=\"https://www.lausd.org/site/handlers/filedownload.ashx?moduleinstanceid=73819&dataid=122974&FileName=IAU%20Report%202022%200506%20-%20Black%20Educators%20in%20L.A.%20Unified.pdf\">9% of its teacher workforce (PDF)\u003c/a>. The following school year, that number declined to \u003ca href=\"https://www.lausd.org/cms/lib/CA01000043/Centricity/Domain/468/2022-2023%20TDemo.pdf\">1,823 or 7.9% of district teachers (PDF)\u003c/a>. The number of Black teachers in the district has gone down each year since 2016. The district did not provide data for the current school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Whitman, director of the Educational Transformation Office at Los Angeles Unified, attributed the decrease, in part, to the difficulty of attracting teachers to the district, primarily because of the area’s high cost of living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those who are coming out of colleges now, in some cases, we find that they can make more money doing other things,” Whitman said. “And so, they may not necessarily see education as the most viable option.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The underrepresentation of people of color prompted the district to create its own \u003ca href=\"https://www.lausd.org/districtinternprogram\">in-house credentialing program\u003c/a>, approved by the California Commission on Teacher Credentialing, Whitman said. The program allows classified staff, such as substitute teachers, paraprofessionals, administrative assistants and bus drivers, to become credentialed teachers while earning a salary and benefits at their original jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grow-your-own programs such as this, and the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2020/californias-effort-to-turn-school-staff-into-teachers-starts-to-pay-off/621726\">Classified School Employee Credentialing program\u003c/a>, and a soon-to-be launched \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2024/california-adding-apprenticeships-to-teacher-recruitment-toolbox/705245\">apprenticeship program\u003c/a>, are meant to diversify the educator workforce because school staff recruited from the community more closely match the demographics of the student body than traditionally trained and recruited teachers, according to research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified has other initiatives to increase the number of Black educators in the district, Whitman said, including working with universities and colleges to bring Black teachers, counselors and psychiatric social workers to their campuses. The district also has programs that help school workers earn a credential for free, and channels employees completing a bachelor’s degree toward the district’s teacher-preparation program where they can begin teaching while earning their credential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All new teachers at Los Angeles Unified are supported by mentors and affinity groups, which have been well received by Black teachers, who credit them with inspiring and helping them to see themselves as leaders in the district, Whitman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Oakland has more Black teachers than students\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Recruiting and retaining Black teachers is an important part of the Oakland Unified three-year strategic plan, said Sarah Glasband, director of recruitment and retention for the district. To achieve its goals, the district has launched several partnerships that make an apprenticeship program, and a residency program that includes a housing subsidy, possible. A partnership with the Black Teacher Project, a nonprofit advocacy organization, offers affinity groups, workshops and seminars to support the district’s Black teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district also has a Classified School Employee Program funded by the state and a new high school program to train future teachers. District pathway programs have an average attrition rate of less than 10%, Glasband said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, 21.3% of the district’s K–12 teachers are Black, compared with 20.3% of their student population, according to district data. Oakland Unified had a retention rate of about 85% for Black teachers between 2019 and 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Better pay, a path to leadership will help teachers stay\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Black teachers interviewed by EdSource and researchers say that to keep them in the classroom, more needs to be done to make teacher preparation affordable, improve pay and benefits, and ensure they are treated with respect, supported and given opportunities to lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://blackeducatorsadvocate.org/reports\">The Black Educator Advocates Network\u003c/a> came up with five recommendations after surveying 128 former and current Black teachers in California about what it would take to keep them in the classroom:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Hire more Black educators and staff.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Build an anti-racist, culturally responsive and inclusive school environment.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Create safe spaces for Black educators and students to come together.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Provide and require culturally responsive training for all staff.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Recognize, provide leadership opportunities and include Black educators in decision making.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Teachers interviewed by EdSource said paying teachers more also would make it easier for them to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want to say that it’s the pay that’s going to get more Black teachers,” Brooke Sims, a Stockton teacher, told EdSource. “But you get better pay, you get better health care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average teacher salary in the state is $88,508, with the average starting pay at $51,600, according to the 2023 National Education Association report, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.nea.org/resource-library/educator-pay-and-student-spending-how-does-your-state-rank\">State of Educator Pay in America\u003c/a>.” California’s minimum living wage was $54,070 last year, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State efforts, such as an \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/pd/ps/nbptsprogramfaq.asp\">initiative\u003c/a> that pays teachers $5,000 annually for five years after they earn National Board Certification, will help with pay parity across school districts, Bristol said. Teachers prove through assessments and a portfolio that they meet the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards. To be eligible for the grant, teachers must work at least half of their time in a high-needs school. Teachers who qualify are also given $2,500 to cover the cost of certification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This incentive will help teachers continue their education and improve their practice, said Los Angeles teacher Petrina Miller. “It’s awesome,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Teacher candidates must be actively recruited\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many Black college students have not considered a teaching career because they have never had a Black teacher, said Preston Jackson, who teaches physical education at California Middle School in Sacramento. Those who consider a teaching career are often deterred by the cost of teacher preparation, taking required tests and unpaid student teaching.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In order to increase the number of Black teachers in schools, it has to become deliberate,” Jackson said. “You have to actively recruit and actively seek them out to bring them into the profession.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since starting in 2005, Jackson has been one of only a handful of Black teachers at his school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And for almost every single one of my kids, I’m the first Black teacher they’ve ever had,” said Jackson. “… And for some of them, I’m the first one they’ve ever seen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Mentors are needed to help retain new teachers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Mentor teachers are the key ingredient to helping new Black educators transition successfully into teaching, according to teachers interviewed by EdSource. Alicia Simba says she could have taken a job for $25,000 more annually in a Bay Area district with few Black teachers or students, but opted to take a lower salary to work in Oakland Unified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=mindshift_61254 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2023/03/mg_5379_slide-e0fcdc0a61cb5bc22b69be662b738acd7609a685-1020x680.jpg']But like many young teachers, Simba knew she wanted mentors to help her navigate her first years in the classroom. She works alongside Black teachers in Oakland Unified who have more than 20 years of teaching experience. One of her mentor teachers shared her experience of teaching on the day that Martin Luther King Jr. was shot. Other teachers told her about teaching in the 1980s during the crack cocaine epidemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It really helps dispel some of the sort of narratives that I hear, which is that being a teacher is completely unsustainable,” Simba said. “Like, there’s no way that anyone could ever be a teacher long term, which are things that, you know, I’ve heard my friends say, and I’ve thought it myself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most obvious way to retain Black teachers would be to make sure they are treated the same as non-Black teachers, said Brenda Walker, a Black teacher and president of the Associated Chino Teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you are a district administrator, site administrator, site or colleague, parent or student, my bachelor’s degree, master’s degree, and my special education credential are just as valuable and carry as much weight, and are as respected as any other educator,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“However, it’s just as critical for all those groups to acknowledge and respect the unique cultural experience I bring to the table and acknowledge and respect that I’m a proud product of my ancestral history.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2024/state-school-districts-try-to-recruit-and-retain-black-teachers-heres-whats-keeping-them-away/708715\">This story originally appeared in EdSource\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Recruiting and retaining Black teachers has taken on new urgency in recent years as California lawmakers try to ease the state’s teacher shortage. The state and individual school districts have launched initiatives to recruit teachers of color, but educators and advocates say more needs to be done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hiring a diverse group of teachers helps all students, but the impact is particularly significant for students of color, who then \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11971463/how-this-east-bay-school-district-improved-its-black-students-scores\">score higher on tests\u003c/a> and are more likely to graduate from college, \u003ca href=\"https://learningpolicyinstitute.org/product/diversifying-teaching-profession-report\">according to the Learning Policy Institute\u003c/a>. A recently released \u003ca href=\"https://www.aera.net/Newsroom/Study-Black-Boys-Are-Less-Likely-to-Be-Identified-for-Special-Education-When-Matched-with-Black-Teachers\">report\u003c/a> also found that Black boys are less likely to be identified for special education when they have a Black teacher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last five years, state lawmakers have made earning a credential easier and more affordable, and have offered incentives for school staff to become teachers — all moves meant to ease the teacher shortage and help to diversify the educator workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite efforts by the state and school districts, the number of Black teachers doesn’t seem to be increasing. Black teachers say that to keep them in the classroom, teacher preparation must be more affordable, pay and benefits increased, and more done to ensure they are treated with respect, supported and given opportunities to lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Black educators specifically said that they felt like they were being pushed out of the state of California,” said Jalisa Evans, chief executive director of the Black Educator Advocates Network of a recent survey of Black teachers. “When we look at the future of Black educators for the state, it can go either way, because what Black educators are feeling right now is that they’re not welcome.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Task force offers recommendations\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>State Superintendent of Public Instruction Tony Thurmond called diversifying the teacher workforce \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2019/effort-to-increase-the-number-of-teachers-of-color-in-california-classrooms-gains-momentum/618412\">a priority\u003c/a> and established the California Department of Education Educator Diversity Advisory Group in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The advisory group has made several \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/pd/ee/documents/dtwcouncilreportapril22.pdf\">recommendations (PDF)\u003c/a>, including beginning a public relations campaign and offering sustained funding to recruit and retain teachers of color, and providing guidance and accountability to school districts on the matter. The group also wants universities, community groups and school districts to enter into partnerships to build pathways for teachers of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Since then, California has created a set of \u003ca href=\"https://www.dropbox.com/sh/twsl602cpvewo7c/AACOY6RtvFwAcHyskC25k7_ya?dl=0\">public service announcements\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1CIRWxU0o6JR6UmNbU6k4lUlAstFouDqj/view\">a video\u003c/a> to help recruit teachers and has \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/fg/fr/eb/ba2023-24.asp\">invested $10 million\u003c/a> to help people of color to become school administrators, said Travis Bristol, chairman of the advisory group and an associate professor of education at UC Berkeley. Staff from county offices of education also have been meeting to share ideas on how they can support districts’ efforts to recruit and retain teachers of color, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state also has invested more than $350 million over the past six years to fund \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2023/california-sunk-millions-into-teacher-residency-program-but-many-cant-afford-to-enroll/685984\">teacher residency programs\u003c/a>, and recently passed legislation to ensure residents are paid a minimum salary. Residents work alongside an experienced teacher-mentor for a year of clinical training while completing coursework in a university preparation program — a time commitment that often precludes them from taking a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legislators have also proposed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB1391\">a bill\u003c/a> that would require that student teachers be paid. Completing the 600 hours of unpaid student teaching required by the state, while paying for tuition, books, supplies and living expenses, is a challenge for many Black teacher candidates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Black teacher candidates typically take on much more student debt than their white counterparts, in part, because of the large racial wealth gap in the United States. \u003ca href=\"https://files.epi.org/uploads/228660.pdf\">A 2019 study (PDF)\u003c/a> by the Economic Policy Institute showed that the median white family had $184,000 in family wealth (property and cash), while the median Latino family had $38,000 and the median Black family had $23,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Lack of data makes it difficult to know what is working\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s difficult to know if state efforts are working. California hasn’t released any data on teacher demographics since the 2018–19 school year, although the data is submitted annually by school districts. The California Department of Education (CDE) did not provide updated data or interviews requested by EdSource for this story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.ed-data.org/state/CA?_gl=1*1jpjs0a*_ga*MTgzMjkyMjEyNC4xNzEyMjUxMDEy*_ga_475QR6J62K*MTcxMjI1MzEzNC4yLjEuMTcxMjI1Mzc4OS41NS4wLjA.\">most recent data\u003c/a> from CDE shows the number of Black teachers in California declined from 4.2% in 2009 to 3.9% during the 2018–19 school year. The National Center for Education Statistics data from the 2020–21 show that Black teachers made up 3.8% of the state educator workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having current data is a critical first step to understanding the problem and addressing it, said Mayra Lara, director of Southern California partnerships and engagement at The Education Trust-West, an education research and advocacy organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s be clear: The California Department of Education needs to annually publish educator demographic and experience data,” Lara said. “It has failed to do so for the past four years. … Without this data, families, communities and decision-makers really are in the dark when it comes to the diversity of the educator workforce.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>LA Unified losing Black teachers despite efforts\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While most state programs focus on recruiting and retaining all teachers of color, some California school districts have initiatives focused solely on recruiting Black teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s largest school district, Los Angeles Unified, passed \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Ki8U010oqK0bRw0dX6z94Dgy53T0Hgda/view\">the Black Student Excellence through Educator Diversity, Preparation and Retention resolution (PDF)\u003c/a> two years ago. It required district staff to develop a strategic plan to ensure schools have Black teachers, administrators and mental health workers, and to advocate for programs that offer pathways for Black people to become teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the resolution was passed, in February 2022, Los Angeles Unified had 1,889 Black teachers — \u003ca href=\"https://www.lausd.org/site/handlers/filedownload.ashx?moduleinstanceid=73819&dataid=122974&FileName=IAU%20Report%202022%200506%20-%20Black%20Educators%20in%20L.A.%20Unified.pdf\">9% of its teacher workforce (PDF)\u003c/a>. The following school year, that number declined to \u003ca href=\"https://www.lausd.org/cms/lib/CA01000043/Centricity/Domain/468/2022-2023%20TDemo.pdf\">1,823 or 7.9% of district teachers (PDF)\u003c/a>. The number of Black teachers in the district has gone down each year since 2016. The district did not provide data for the current school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Whitman, director of the Educational Transformation Office at Los Angeles Unified, attributed the decrease, in part, to the difficulty of attracting teachers to the district, primarily because of the area’s high cost of living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those who are coming out of colleges now, in some cases, we find that they can make more money doing other things,” Whitman said. “And so, they may not necessarily see education as the most viable option.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The underrepresentation of people of color prompted the district to create its own \u003ca href=\"https://www.lausd.org/districtinternprogram\">in-house credentialing program\u003c/a>, approved by the California Commission on Teacher Credentialing, Whitman said. The program allows classified staff, such as substitute teachers, paraprofessionals, administrative assistants and bus drivers, to become credentialed teachers while earning a salary and benefits at their original jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grow-your-own programs such as this, and the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2020/californias-effort-to-turn-school-staff-into-teachers-starts-to-pay-off/621726\">Classified School Employee Credentialing program\u003c/a>, and a soon-to-be launched \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2024/california-adding-apprenticeships-to-teacher-recruitment-toolbox/705245\">apprenticeship program\u003c/a>, are meant to diversify the educator workforce because school staff recruited from the community more closely match the demographics of the student body than traditionally trained and recruited teachers, according to research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified has other initiatives to increase the number of Black educators in the district, Whitman said, including working with universities and colleges to bring Black teachers, counselors and psychiatric social workers to their campuses. The district also has programs that help school workers earn a credential for free, and channels employees completing a bachelor’s degree toward the district’s teacher-preparation program where they can begin teaching while earning their credential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All new teachers at Los Angeles Unified are supported by mentors and affinity groups, which have been well received by Black teachers, who credit them with inspiring and helping them to see themselves as leaders in the district, Whitman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Oakland has more Black teachers than students\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Recruiting and retaining Black teachers is an important part of the Oakland Unified three-year strategic plan, said Sarah Glasband, director of recruitment and retention for the district. To achieve its goals, the district has launched several partnerships that make an apprenticeship program, and a residency program that includes a housing subsidy, possible. A partnership with the Black Teacher Project, a nonprofit advocacy organization, offers affinity groups, workshops and seminars to support the district’s Black teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district also has a Classified School Employee Program funded by the state and a new high school program to train future teachers. District pathway programs have an average attrition rate of less than 10%, Glasband said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, 21.3% of the district’s K–12 teachers are Black, compared with 20.3% of their student population, according to district data. Oakland Unified had a retention rate of about 85% for Black teachers between 2019 and 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Better pay, a path to leadership will help teachers stay\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Black teachers interviewed by EdSource and researchers say that to keep them in the classroom, more needs to be done to make teacher preparation affordable, improve pay and benefits, and ensure they are treated with respect, supported and given opportunities to lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://blackeducatorsadvocate.org/reports\">The Black Educator Advocates Network\u003c/a> came up with five recommendations after surveying 128 former and current Black teachers in California about what it would take to keep them in the classroom:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Hire more Black educators and staff.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Build an anti-racist, culturally responsive and inclusive school environment.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Create safe spaces for Black educators and students to come together.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Provide and require culturally responsive training for all staff.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Recognize, provide leadership opportunities and include Black educators in decision making.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Teachers interviewed by EdSource said paying teachers more also would make it easier for them to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want to say that it’s the pay that’s going to get more Black teachers,” Brooke Sims, a Stockton teacher, told EdSource. “But you get better pay, you get better health care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average teacher salary in the state is $88,508, with the average starting pay at $51,600, according to the 2023 National Education Association report, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.nea.org/resource-library/educator-pay-and-student-spending-how-does-your-state-rank\">State of Educator Pay in America\u003c/a>.” California’s minimum living wage was $54,070 last year, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State efforts, such as an \u003ca href=\"https://www.cde.ca.gov/pd/ps/nbptsprogramfaq.asp\">initiative\u003c/a> that pays teachers $5,000 annually for five years after they earn National Board Certification, will help with pay parity across school districts, Bristol said. Teachers prove through assessments and a portfolio that they meet the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards. To be eligible for the grant, teachers must work at least half of their time in a high-needs school. Teachers who qualify are also given $2,500 to cover the cost of certification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This incentive will help teachers continue their education and improve their practice, said Los Angeles teacher Petrina Miller. “It’s awesome,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Teacher candidates must be actively recruited\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many Black college students have not considered a teaching career because they have never had a Black teacher, said Preston Jackson, who teaches physical education at California Middle School in Sacramento. Those who consider a teaching career are often deterred by the cost of teacher preparation, taking required tests and unpaid student teaching.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In order to increase the number of Black teachers in schools, it has to become deliberate,” Jackson said. “You have to actively recruit and actively seek them out to bring them into the profession.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since starting in 2005, Jackson has been one of only a handful of Black teachers at his school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And for almost every single one of my kids, I’m the first Black teacher they’ve ever had,” said Jackson. “… And for some of them, I’m the first one they’ve ever seen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Mentors are needed to help retain new teachers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Mentor teachers are the key ingredient to helping new Black educators transition successfully into teaching, according to teachers interviewed by EdSource. Alicia Simba says she could have taken a job for $25,000 more annually in a Bay Area district with few Black teachers or students, but opted to take a lower salary to work in Oakland Unified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But like many young teachers, Simba knew she wanted mentors to help her navigate her first years in the classroom. She works alongside Black teachers in Oakland Unified who have more than 20 years of teaching experience. One of her mentor teachers shared her experience of teaching on the day that Martin Luther King Jr. was shot. Other teachers told her about teaching in the 1980s during the crack cocaine epidemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It really helps dispel some of the sort of narratives that I hear, which is that being a teacher is completely unsustainable,” Simba said. “Like, there’s no way that anyone could ever be a teacher long term, which are things that, you know, I’ve heard my friends say, and I’ve thought it myself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most obvious way to retain Black teachers would be to make sure they are treated the same as non-Black teachers, said Brenda Walker, a Black teacher and president of the Associated Chino Teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you are a district administrator, site administrator, site or colleague, parent or student, my bachelor’s degree, master’s degree, and my special education credential are just as valuable and carry as much weight, and are as respected as any other educator,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“However, it’s just as critical for all those groups to acknowledge and respect the unique cultural experience I bring to the table and acknowledge and respect that I’m a proud product of my ancestral history.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2024/state-school-districts-try-to-recruit-and-retain-black-teachers-heres-whats-keeping-them-away/708715\">This story originally appeared in EdSource\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Applications to Open for San Francisco’s 1st Affordable Housing Project for Educators",
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"content": "\u003cp>Applications open tomorrow for San Francisco’s first affordable housing project prioritizing the city’s public school educators and employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Located in San Francisco’s Sunset District, Shirley Chisholm Village is a 135-unit 100% affordable housing project slated to open in the fall of 2024.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Anne Stanley, communications manager, San Francisco Mayor's Office of Housing and Community Development\"]‘It’s really an opportunity for educators to have an opportunity to afford and to live and contribute to the neighborhoods and the communities where they teach and they work.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People who work in San Francisco should be able to afford to live here, especially our teachers who are critical to our community,” said Mayor London Breed in a statement Monday morning. “Shirley Chisholm Village is an example of our work in action to address that issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applications to rent or buy a unit can be made through San Francisco’s housing portal, \u003ca href=\"https://housing.sfgov.org/\">DAHLIA\u003c/a>, and will remain open through Tuesday, April 23. While the initial applications in April are for San Francisco Unified School District educators and employees only, a second application round open to the general public is expected this summer, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.midpen-housing.org/shirley-chisholm-village-2024/\">housing project’s website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mayor’s office said eligible applicants will need to provide employment verification, including their SFUSD job code, as part of the initial application on DAHLIA and that applicants \u003ca href=\"https://www.sf.gov/get-priority-housing-lottery\">will be further prioritized\u003c/a> if they are eligible for other local housing preference programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a family housing building,” said Anne Stanley, communications manager for the Mayor’s Office of Housing and Community Development. “It’s really an opportunity for educators to have an opportunity to afford and to live and contribute to the neighborhoods and the communities where they teach and they work.”[aside postID=\"news_11976959,news_11975156,news_11970993\" label=\"Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Built on the site of a beloved \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfexaminer.com/archives/beloved-sunset-district-park-to-make-way-for-teacher-housing/article_64dbdc6f-aef0-56a0-9fcb-7570669a851d.html\">Sunset park called Playland\u003c/a>, the development is named after the first Black woman elected to the U.S. Congress. Shirley Chisholm was a staunch advocate for public education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first, 100% affordable educator housing project for the city and county of San Francisco,” Stanley said. “But last year, we did award two new projects to nonprofit developers. So, there are two additional educator housing projects on the horizon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement Monday marks nearly a decade since the Board of Supervisors and the Board of Education passed resolutions supporting the development of educator housing in San Francisco in June 2015. Construction on the site didn’t begin until August 2022, after the project received $24 million in federal low-income housing tax credits as well as funding from banks, a voter-approved general obligation affordable housing bond, and the San Francisco Mayor’s Office of Housing and Community Development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Attila Pelit, Spencer Whitney, Sara Hossaini and Azul Dahlstrom Eckman contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Lottery applications for Shirley Chisholm Village, the first affordable housing project for San Francisco Unified School District teachers and staff, will begin April 2 and continue through April 23.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Built on the site of a beloved \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfexaminer.com/archives/beloved-sunset-district-park-to-make-way-for-teacher-housing/article_64dbdc6f-aef0-56a0-9fcb-7570669a851d.html\">Sunset park called Playland\u003c/a>, the development is named after the first Black woman elected to the U.S. Congress. Shirley Chisholm was a staunch advocate for public education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first, 100% affordable educator housing project for the city and county of San Francisco,” Stanley said. “But last year, we did award two new projects to nonprofit developers. So, there are two additional educator housing projects on the horizon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement Monday marks nearly a decade since the Board of Supervisors and the Board of Education passed resolutions supporting the development of educator housing in San Francisco in June 2015. Construction on the site didn’t begin until August 2022, after the project received $24 million in federal low-income housing tax credits as well as funding from banks, a voter-approved general obligation affordable housing bond, and the San Francisco Mayor’s Office of Housing and Community Development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Attila Pelit, Spencer Whitney, Sara Hossaini and Azul Dahlstrom Eckman contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>View the full episode transcript.\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are no signs of a doom loop in Oakland’s queer nightlife scene, where brick and mortar nightclubs and bars quadrupled in the last year, and the events to go along with them have grown too. KQED Arts and Culture Editor Nastia Voynovskaya explains what’s behind this flourishing scene.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"card card--enclosed grey\">\n\u003cp id=\"embed-code\" class=\"inconsolata\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC3907697122&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Links:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13953497/a-queer-party-renaissance-brings-new-life-to-downtown-oakland\">A Queer Party Renaissance Brings New Life to Downtown Oakland\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/local/article/oakland-queer-nightlife-scene-renaissance-18121382.php\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">‘Something’s blooming’: Queer nightlife in Oakland is approaching a renaissance\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra, and welcome to the Bay. Local news to keep you rooted. There’s a queer nightlife renaissance happening in Oakland right now, and it’s bringing new life to a downtown that’s probably more well known these days for store closures and fears about crime and safety. But just take a look at the growth of brick and mortar queer spaces, and you’ll find another story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>If you go out in Oakland and meet people and are open, you really meet some of the most determined, heartfelt, and community oriented people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Today, I talk with KQED arts and Culture editor Nastia Voynovskaya about Oakland’s queer nightlife renaissance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>Oakland always had really fun queer parties that were popular, but there were really only a couple of brick and mortar options that you could visit any night of the week before the pandemic. And coming out of the pandemic, we have kind of seen this explosion of a lot of new venues. We’ve had, you know, cocktail lounges, clubs, bars open. So now Oakland’s brick and mortar queer venues are up to eight. That’s up from two, you know, in 2020. So it’s been this really amazing explosion of energy that a lot of people are calling a renaissance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>Most of these venues are located walking distance from 19th Street Bar and 12th Street Bar, so you can really do a loop. And you can start, you know, at Town Bar, for example. I hit the dance floor, maybe see a little drag or one of the other events that they have going on and, and, and then go to feel more and have a classy cocktail. Then you can make your way down to Katie Girl, which is a Latin club. Right across the street from there there’s Nectar Social Club and they have this huge, diverse array of events, art shows, open mic nights and dance parties to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>It seems like you’re describing like a scene that is not really just one thing. It’s like really a diverse sort of range of like vibes and music and spaces. It sounds like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>Yeah, absolutely. Historically, Oakland’s queer scene has always been a lot more diverse than San Francisco’s. I think when people think of the queer scene in San Francisco, they often think of the Castro, which, for decades has been very male oriented and also skews very white. And Oakland has always been driven by queer people of color and often black women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>But this new explosion of energy, there’s that. And I think it’s gotten even more diverse in terms of just different events on any night of the week, catering to different gender identities, but also ones that are not just segregated, but really embracing the way that people fluidly identify now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>It seems like it’s not just the venues are these brick and mortar is themselves, right. There’s like also a plethora of programing and events that are happening in the queer nightlife scene organized by queer party promoters. Can you tell us a little bit more about the growth of that over the last year?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>A lot of these promoters were here before the explosion of new venues, but now they have more places to throw events. And with that comes a diversity of more types of events. All these promoters are sort of roaming around town and activating different venues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeremy Redford: \u003c/strong>More so than ever. We need community and that’s what people are looking for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>Jeremy Radford, the owner of Nectar Social Club, put it really well. We’re he said people aren’t necessarily just going out to downtown Oakland necessarily just see what’s going on. Which is why it might seem more quiet or more sleepy these days, but they are really loyally following these culture makers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeremy Redford: \u003c/strong>So many people are following and tracking the community leaders in the community, builders who they feel aligned with, and they’re putting on their calendars the events that they want to go to that really resonate with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>And I know you talked with some of the owners of these spaces. What did they tell you about why the scene seems to be growing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>Yeah. Jeremy pointed out that during the pandemic, when everything was shut down, many people had the time to think about what they really wanted to do and come up with new avenues for themselves. So just coming out of that, people are really, really hungry to express and connect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeremy Redford: \u003c/strong>I wanted to create a space that wasn’t just a nightclub, that was it just a cafe that wasn’t just a small event space. That was a blank canvas and a true third space in its fullest sense that were open daytime to nighttime. And you can come here and do everything from launch a new creative project to chat up the bartenders and make friends, or come dance until 2 a.m. and, you know, bring out all your friends and have the time in your life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>With a lot of storefronts still sitting empty. People also ended up activating sort of unconventional spaces like we’re an actor social club is. It may not be. If you just looked at it, you may not see it as the typical place that would hold a bar in a venue. It’s this very kind of like narrow, skinny bar, and it’s very, very intimate. And with that, you know, they’re able to have these more experimental events because it’s a pretty small space and it can just feel very full when 50 people are there dancing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Well, I want to talk now some more about the need that these spaces are filling. And I know you spoke with someone named Montana Hooks, who’s the creator behind Queer in Oakland. Can you tell me a little bit about her and her role in the scene?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>So Montana Hooks is the creator of this platform called Queer in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Montana Hooks: \u003c/strong>As Queer in Oakland. I started throwing events probably in like 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>It’s, an online publication where she interviews and writes about queer culture makers, mostly folks of color. And then she also throws events under the Queer and Open banner at different venues. So those can be dance parties, artists markets. Speed dating has been a fun one because she says, you know, people are kind of sick of their phones and sick of apps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Montana Hooks: \u003c/strong>Queer folks to date, especially if you identify as a queer femme where, you know, you maybe when you’re walking down the street, it’s maybe easy to blend in. And the apps were great for that. It helped solve for that problem. But at the same time, there are a lot of, difficulties that come with using these apps. And, and I think we’re experiencing phone fatigue and app fatigue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>She says with all these new brick and mortar spaces, some of which are queer owned but don’t necessarily build themselves as exclusively queer, but that there’s more visibility than there has been in a while.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Montana Hooks: \u003c/strong>And as we’re becoming stronger as a community, I feel like that we can take up space now in ways that less marginalized communities don’t even have to give a second thought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>You really see that at her events where, like, people are dancing and it has this very intimate energy and she’s been building a lot of really exciting momentum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Montana Hooks: \u003c/strong>They often want to cry, and I’m not even joking because it’s just so beautiful. And I love seeing everyone’s smiling faces. I love watching people meet. I love just being in the background and just seeing everyone do their thing. It’s it’s all so beautiful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Can you tell us about your connection to Oakland and why you wanted to cover this topic?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>I’ve been living in Oakland for all of my adult life, and as a queer person here, you know, I’ve been going out on the scene for that that time also, and it’s just been really exciting to watch all of these new venues pop up. It feels really awesome to have places that feel more inclusive also to folks of different gender identity. And instead of kind of waiting for your favorite queer party to come around once a month or whenever it may be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>It’s just awesome having places to go any night of the week, and also different kinds of activities that don’t just revolve around alcohol. So it just feels like the community is stronger than it has been in years, and maybe in my entire, you know, decade plus here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>How are you also thinking about this story in the context of the mainstream narrative around Oakland right now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>Yeah, I mean, Oakland definitely has its challenges, and we should acknowledge that. But I do get frustrated when people just exclusively focus on this doom little narrative, because if you go out in Oakland and meet people and are open, you really meet some of the most determined and heartfelt and community oriented people that you will meet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>There’s always this really inspiring energy in Oakland, where people are trying to uplift and support each other through their creative passions. And that’s the thing I love most about it. Queer and trans people of color have always been leading the way and that in Oakland. So with this story, I just really wanted to pay homage to that and and uplift the people that are actually making positive things happen, rather than this constant negative narrative about our town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Well, Nastia, thank you so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>Thanks, Ericka. It was great being here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>That was Nastia Voynovskaya, arts and culture editor for KQED. By the way, Nastia has got a story on kqed.org that includes a full list of venues and parties to follow and add to your party calendar. We’ve got a link to it in our episode notes. Make sure you check it out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>This 21 minute conversation with Nastia was cut down and edited by senior editor Alan Monticello. Maria Esquinca is our producer. She scored this episode and added all the tape music courtesy of the Audio Network. If you liked this episode and want to support the local news that we bring here at the Bay, consider becoming a KQED member. Just go to kqed.org/donate. And I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra, thanks for listening to the Bay. Talk to you next time.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>View the full episode transcript.\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are no signs of a doom loop in Oakland’s queer nightlife scene, where brick and mortar nightclubs and bars quadrupled in the last year, and the events to go along with them have grown too. KQED Arts and Culture Editor Nastia Voynovskaya explains what’s behind this flourishing scene.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"card card--enclosed grey\">\n\u003cp id=\"embed-code\" class=\"inconsolata\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC3907697122&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Links:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13953497/a-queer-party-renaissance-brings-new-life-to-downtown-oakland\">A Queer Party Renaissance Brings New Life to Downtown Oakland\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/local/article/oakland-queer-nightlife-scene-renaissance-18121382.php\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">‘Something’s blooming’: Queer nightlife in Oakland is approaching a renaissance\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-content post-body\">\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra, and welcome to the Bay. Local news to keep you rooted. There’s a queer nightlife renaissance happening in Oakland right now, and it’s bringing new life to a downtown that’s probably more well known these days for store closures and fears about crime and safety. But just take a look at the growth of brick and mortar queer spaces, and you’ll find another story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>If you go out in Oakland and meet people and are open, you really meet some of the most determined, heartfelt, and community oriented people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Today, I talk with KQED arts and Culture editor Nastia Voynovskaya about Oakland’s queer nightlife renaissance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>Oakland always had really fun queer parties that were popular, but there were really only a couple of brick and mortar options that you could visit any night of the week before the pandemic. And coming out of the pandemic, we have kind of seen this explosion of a lot of new venues. We’ve had, you know, cocktail lounges, clubs, bars open. So now Oakland’s brick and mortar queer venues are up to eight. That’s up from two, you know, in 2020. So it’s been this really amazing explosion of energy that a lot of people are calling a renaissance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>Most of these venues are located walking distance from 19th Street Bar and 12th Street Bar, so you can really do a loop. And you can start, you know, at Town Bar, for example. I hit the dance floor, maybe see a little drag or one of the other events that they have going on and, and, and then go to feel more and have a classy cocktail. Then you can make your way down to Katie Girl, which is a Latin club. Right across the street from there there’s Nectar Social Club and they have this huge, diverse array of events, art shows, open mic nights and dance parties to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>It seems like you’re describing like a scene that is not really just one thing. It’s like really a diverse sort of range of like vibes and music and spaces. It sounds like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>Yeah, absolutely. Historically, Oakland’s queer scene has always been a lot more diverse than San Francisco’s. I think when people think of the queer scene in San Francisco, they often think of the Castro, which, for decades has been very male oriented and also skews very white. And Oakland has always been driven by queer people of color and often black women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>But this new explosion of energy, there’s that. And I think it’s gotten even more diverse in terms of just different events on any night of the week, catering to different gender identities, but also ones that are not just segregated, but really embracing the way that people fluidly identify now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>It seems like it’s not just the venues are these brick and mortar is themselves, right. There’s like also a plethora of programing and events that are happening in the queer nightlife scene organized by queer party promoters. Can you tell us a little bit more about the growth of that over the last year?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>A lot of these promoters were here before the explosion of new venues, but now they have more places to throw events. And with that comes a diversity of more types of events. All these promoters are sort of roaming around town and activating different venues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeremy Redford: \u003c/strong>More so than ever. We need community and that’s what people are looking for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>Jeremy Radford, the owner of Nectar Social Club, put it really well. We’re he said people aren’t necessarily just going out to downtown Oakland necessarily just see what’s going on. Which is why it might seem more quiet or more sleepy these days, but they are really loyally following these culture makers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeremy Redford: \u003c/strong>So many people are following and tracking the community leaders in the community, builders who they feel aligned with, and they’re putting on their calendars the events that they want to go to that really resonate with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>And I know you talked with some of the owners of these spaces. What did they tell you about why the scene seems to be growing?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>Yeah. Jeremy pointed out that during the pandemic, when everything was shut down, many people had the time to think about what they really wanted to do and come up with new avenues for themselves. So just coming out of that, people are really, really hungry to express and connect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeremy Redford: \u003c/strong>I wanted to create a space that wasn’t just a nightclub, that was it just a cafe that wasn’t just a small event space. That was a blank canvas and a true third space in its fullest sense that were open daytime to nighttime. And you can come here and do everything from launch a new creative project to chat up the bartenders and make friends, or come dance until 2 a.m. and, you know, bring out all your friends and have the time in your life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>With a lot of storefronts still sitting empty. People also ended up activating sort of unconventional spaces like we’re an actor social club is. It may not be. If you just looked at it, you may not see it as the typical place that would hold a bar in a venue. It’s this very kind of like narrow, skinny bar, and it’s very, very intimate. And with that, you know, they’re able to have these more experimental events because it’s a pretty small space and it can just feel very full when 50 people are there dancing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Well, I want to talk now some more about the need that these spaces are filling. And I know you spoke with someone named Montana Hooks, who’s the creator behind Queer in Oakland. Can you tell me a little bit about her and her role in the scene?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>So Montana Hooks is the creator of this platform called Queer in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Montana Hooks: \u003c/strong>As Queer in Oakland. I started throwing events probably in like 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>It’s, an online publication where she interviews and writes about queer culture makers, mostly folks of color. And then she also throws events under the Queer and Open banner at different venues. So those can be dance parties, artists markets. Speed dating has been a fun one because she says, you know, people are kind of sick of their phones and sick of apps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Montana Hooks: \u003c/strong>Queer folks to date, especially if you identify as a queer femme where, you know, you maybe when you’re walking down the street, it’s maybe easy to blend in. And the apps were great for that. It helped solve for that problem. But at the same time, there are a lot of, difficulties that come with using these apps. And, and I think we’re experiencing phone fatigue and app fatigue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>She says with all these new brick and mortar spaces, some of which are queer owned but don’t necessarily build themselves as exclusively queer, but that there’s more visibility than there has been in a while.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Montana Hooks: \u003c/strong>And as we’re becoming stronger as a community, I feel like that we can take up space now in ways that less marginalized communities don’t even have to give a second thought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>You really see that at her events where, like, people are dancing and it has this very intimate energy and she’s been building a lot of really exciting momentum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Montana Hooks: \u003c/strong>They often want to cry, and I’m not even joking because it’s just so beautiful. And I love seeing everyone’s smiling faces. I love watching people meet. I love just being in the background and just seeing everyone do their thing. It’s it’s all so beautiful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Can you tell us about your connection to Oakland and why you wanted to cover this topic?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>I’ve been living in Oakland for all of my adult life, and as a queer person here, you know, I’ve been going out on the scene for that that time also, and it’s just been really exciting to watch all of these new venues pop up. It feels really awesome to have places that feel more inclusive also to folks of different gender identity. And instead of kind of waiting for your favorite queer party to come around once a month or whenever it may be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>It’s just awesome having places to go any night of the week, and also different kinds of activities that don’t just revolve around alcohol. So it just feels like the community is stronger than it has been in years, and maybe in my entire, you know, decade plus here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>How are you also thinking about this story in the context of the mainstream narrative around Oakland right now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>Yeah, I mean, Oakland definitely has its challenges, and we should acknowledge that. But I do get frustrated when people just exclusively focus on this doom little narrative, because if you go out in Oakland and meet people and are open, you really meet some of the most determined and heartfelt and community oriented people that you will meet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>There’s always this really inspiring energy in Oakland, where people are trying to uplift and support each other through their creative passions. And that’s the thing I love most about it. Queer and trans people of color have always been leading the way and that in Oakland. So with this story, I just really wanted to pay homage to that and and uplift the people that are actually making positive things happen, rather than this constant negative narrative about our town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Well, Nastia, thank you so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Nastia Voynovskaya: \u003c/strong>Thanks, Ericka. It was great being here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>That was Nastia Voynovskaya, arts and culture editor for KQED. By the way, Nastia has got a story on kqed.org that includes a full list of venues and parties to follow and add to your party calendar. We’ve got a link to it in our episode notes. Make sure you check it out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>This 21 minute conversation with Nastia was cut down and edited by senior editor Alan Monticello. Maria Esquinca is our producer. She scored this episode and added all the tape music courtesy of the Audio Network. If you liked this episode and want to support the local news that we bring here at the Bay, consider becoming a KQED member. Just go to kqed.org/donate. And I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra, thanks for listening to the Bay. Talk to you next time.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>"
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"content": "\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2024/03/29/flock-cameras-oakland/\">announced\u003c/a> on Friday that the California Highway Patrol had signed a contract with a private company to install 480 high-tech cameras around Oakland in an effort to help crack down on crime in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the announcement, 290 of the cameras will be installed on the streets of Oakland and 190 along freeways that cut through the city and surrounding areas. The cameras will reportedly not just identify car license plates but also catalog vehicles by make, model, color and unique features.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This investment marks another step forward in our commitment to bolstering public safety and tackling organized crime and roadway violence in Oakland and across California,” Newsom said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is proven technology where privacy is foundational,” Newsom added in a video message accompanying the announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11974920,news_11975161,news_11979891,news_11981018 label='More on Oakland Law Enforcement']The governor underscored that footage from the cameras would be deleted after 28 days and would not be shared with third parties, and that CHP would continue complying with \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bonta-advises-california-law-enforcement-legal-uses-and\">a state order\u003c/a> prohibiting automated license plate reader data from being shared with other states that could use the information to track people seeking or providing abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cameras will come from \u003ca href=\"https://www.flocksafety.com/\">Flock Safety\u003c/a>, a company based in Atlanta, that makes and sells security systems and surveillance cameras to public agencies and private neighborhood watch groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company was awarded the contract through a non-competitive bid in the amount of just over $1.6 million for the first year and nearly $1.5 million for each of the two optional one-year extensions, according to CHP spokesperson Jaime Coffee. The funding comes from the governor’s approved 2022-2023 budget, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials did not disclose the exact locations of where the cameras will be installed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The CHP has been working in partnership with the city of Oakland throughout the process, to purchase, place, and install cameras,” Coffee said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While concern about crime has risen in and around Oakland, the announcement was also criticized by groups and residents about how the surveillance data would be used.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For every dollar we spend on surveillance cameras, that’s a dollar not spent on proven public safety strategies,” said Cat Brooks, executive director of the Anti Police-Terror Project, in a statement about the new cameras. She also noted that the cameras will most likely be installed in low-income neighborhoods, where residents of color will be disproportionately impacted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement comes as Oakland struggles to stem a surge in violent crime and follows several previous safety interventions initiated by Newsom’s office. \u003ca href=\"https://cityofoakland2.app.box.com/s/sjiq7usfy27gy9dfe51hp8arz5l1ixad/file/1404598604813\">According to the police department’s end-of-year data (PDF)\u003c/a>, violent crime increased by 21% in 2023, compared to the previous year — with the number of homicides plateauing at 120 — while robberies climbed 38% and vehicle theft went up 45%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is building on efforts we made just a few weeks ago,” Newsom said, referring to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11974920/newsom-to-deploy-120-chp-officers-to-fight-crime-surge-in-oakland\">his announcement last month\u003c/a> to deploy 120 CHP officers in a short-term “surge” operation to crack down on theft and violent crime. His office \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11975161/newsom-to-send-state-prosecutors-to-oakland-to-help-crack-down-on-rising-crime\">also sent a handful of state prosecutors\u003c/a> to assist the Alameda County District Attorney’s Office in prosecuting the mounting number of cases resulting from the uptick in arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said the surge had already led to 200 arrests and 400 recovered vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Mayor Sheng Thao earlier this month also \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11979891/oakland-mayor-says-crime-reduction-efforts-on-airports-hegenberger-corridor-are-working\">announced\u003c/a> that an increased law enforcement presence along the beleaguered Hegenberger corridor leading to Oakland International Airport had already resulted in a noticeable drop in crime in that area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Notably, Newsom chose to make his Friday video announcement from that same street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/cagovernor/status/1773698779020996676\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cameras, he said, are “part of a broad strategy” that would include more than just law enforcement, though he did not specify what he meant by that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s camera announcement also comes a week after Thao \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11981018/new-police-chief-floyd-mitchell-pledges-to-work-with-the-citizens-of-oakland-to-address-citys-challenges\">announced\u003c/a> the hire of a new police chief following a more than year-long search process. Floyd Mitchell, the former police chief of Lubbock, Texas, is expected to begin his role leading the Oakland Police Department in late April or early May. Earlier this week, in his first Oakland press conference, Mitchell echoed Newsom’s sentiments that he will work with community groups to address the city’s crime surge, among a spate of other public safety issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The governor underscored that footage from the cameras would be deleted after 28 days and would not be shared with third parties, and that CHP would continue complying with \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bonta-advises-california-law-enforcement-legal-uses-and\">a state order\u003c/a> prohibiting automated license plate reader data from being shared with other states that could use the information to track people seeking or providing abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cameras will come from \u003ca href=\"https://www.flocksafety.com/\">Flock Safety\u003c/a>, a company based in Atlanta, that makes and sells security systems and surveillance cameras to public agencies and private neighborhood watch groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company was awarded the contract through a non-competitive bid in the amount of just over $1.6 million for the first year and nearly $1.5 million for each of the two optional one-year extensions, according to CHP spokesperson Jaime Coffee. The funding comes from the governor’s approved 2022-2023 budget, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials did not disclose the exact locations of where the cameras will be installed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The CHP has been working in partnership with the city of Oakland throughout the process, to purchase, place, and install cameras,” Coffee said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While concern about crime has risen in and around Oakland, the announcement was also criticized by groups and residents about how the surveillance data would be used.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For every dollar we spend on surveillance cameras, that’s a dollar not spent on proven public safety strategies,” said Cat Brooks, executive director of the Anti Police-Terror Project, in a statement about the new cameras. She also noted that the cameras will most likely be installed in low-income neighborhoods, where residents of color will be disproportionately impacted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement comes as Oakland struggles to stem a surge in violent crime and follows several previous safety interventions initiated by Newsom’s office. \u003ca href=\"https://cityofoakland2.app.box.com/s/sjiq7usfy27gy9dfe51hp8arz5l1ixad/file/1404598604813\">According to the police department’s end-of-year data (PDF)\u003c/a>, violent crime increased by 21% in 2023, compared to the previous year — with the number of homicides plateauing at 120 — while robberies climbed 38% and vehicle theft went up 45%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is building on efforts we made just a few weeks ago,” Newsom said, referring to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11974920/newsom-to-deploy-120-chp-officers-to-fight-crime-surge-in-oakland\">his announcement last month\u003c/a> to deploy 120 CHP officers in a short-term “surge” operation to crack down on theft and violent crime. His office \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11975161/newsom-to-send-state-prosecutors-to-oakland-to-help-crack-down-on-rising-crime\">also sent a handful of state prosecutors\u003c/a> to assist the Alameda County District Attorney’s Office in prosecuting the mounting number of cases resulting from the uptick in arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said the surge had already led to 200 arrests and 400 recovered vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Mayor Sheng Thao earlier this month also \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11979891/oakland-mayor-says-crime-reduction-efforts-on-airports-hegenberger-corridor-are-working\">announced\u003c/a> that an increased law enforcement presence along the beleaguered Hegenberger corridor leading to Oakland International Airport had already resulted in a noticeable drop in crime in that area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Notably, Newsom chose to make his Friday video announcement from that same street.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">View the full episode transcript.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weekday mornings are unquestionably hectic for many of us. We’re up early and out the door, headed towards some kind of commute to work. However, adding the responsibility of getting children through that morning routine and to school on time can feel like the day’s biggest accomplishment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Jules Winters first moved to the San Francisco Bay Area from the East Coast, she worried that in that morning rush, she’d get stuck behind a school bus stopping every couple of blocks to pick up kids. She knew from experience that it could make her late to work. But, soon, that concern turned to puzzlement because it never happened. Instead, she noticed a lot of traffic jams around schools at drop-off and pick-up times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, I’m not going anywhere near [a] school because of all the parents dropping off their kids,” she says. “Why aren’t there buses taking students to and from school?” she wondered. “Why is that now the obligation of the family? And how do different families accommodate that? Is that equitable?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>It goes back to Proposition 13\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Winters isn’t wrong. California has fewer school buses than in other parts of the country. A survey conducted by the Federal Highway Administration found that nationally, almost 40% of school-aged kids ride a school bus. In California, that number is only 8%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like so many questions related to school funding and services, the answer to Winters’ question has roots in the passage of Proposition 13, a constitutional amendment that limited how much a homeowner’s property taxes could increase each year. Property taxes were the primary way school districts funded themselves back then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The restriction of those sources of revenue in 1978 caused more or less a budget crisis,” says Sam Speroni, a doctoral researcher at the UCLA Institute of Transportation Studies and a researcher at San Jose State’s Mineta Transportation Institute. “So in 1982, the state froze its home-to-school transportation budget with only cost of living adjustments, and that stayed in place until 2022.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11980731\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11980731\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/kids-ride-school-bus.jpg\" alt=\"A line of kids boards a yellow school bus.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/kids-ride-school-bus.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/kids-ride-school-bus-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/kids-ride-school-bus-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/kids-ride-school-bus-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/kids-ride-school-bus-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Across the country, about 40% of school-aged kids ride a school bus. In California, that number is closer to 8%. \u003ccite>( Ben Hasty/MediaNews Group/Reading Eagle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the intervening years, California’s population has grown, including school-aged children, but the transportation budget has largely stayed the same. That has forced districts to shoulder more of the costs associated with providing school buses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That leads local districts into really difficult decisions about, ‘do we continue providing buses or do we eliminate in-school-house services that are also super important?’” Speroni says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Districts are federally mandated to provide buses to certain groups of students, like those who have transportation, as part of their Individualized Education Program (IEP). However, California does not require school districts to offer school transportation to general education students. As the demands on the school budgets have grown, many districts have chosen not to prioritize school bus funding, which is costly.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Buses to serve equity goals\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Low-income families and families of color often travel the furthest to get to school and have the least resources at their disposal. In recognition of that, some Bay Area districts fund a small number of buses to help meet their equity goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley Unified School District assigns elementary students to zones and then places them in schools with an eye toward socioeconomic diversity. The district uses census data on family income and parental education to help it do this. If the student lives further than 1 1/2 miles from their assigned school, the district offers school buses to help them get there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over 1,600 students ride the bus in Berkeley, about 18% of the school community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC4087301904&light=true\" width=\"100%\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley’s commitment to school buses stems from a legacy of bussing for integration that goes back to 1968. Berkeley was the first sizable city with a large minority population to voluntarily start a two-way bussing program to both bring white students down from the hills and to take Black students up to the hill schools as a way to racially integrate the population of all its schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco also offers some school buses to general education students. It runs 35 buses for K–8 students each day, with routes that largely start on the southeast side of the city and bring kids to schools further north and west. The district says these routes help provide crucial access to language programs and offer more choices to families living in the southeast. The routes serve 46 schools and about 2,000 kids. Families sign up for the school bus when they enroll their children in elementary school. The routes and applications for spots on the bus are assigned at the educational placement center.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Partnering with public transit agencies\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While many school districts in the San Francisco Bay Area do not provide dedicated school buses for general education students, they often partner with public transportation systems to help families get kids to school. In San Francisco, school-aged kids ride for free on Muni. SamTrans, serving schools in San Mateo County, offers free rides to low-income students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some school districts and public transportation agencies even work together to align schedules. For example, AC Transit, in the East Bay, offers Supplementary Service to School routes designed to align with school bell schedules and to cover the attendance boundaries of certain schools. AC Transit also discounts fares based on income requirements, as does Clipper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite these efforts, according to the Federal Highway Administration survey, only about 2% of California students take public buses to school. In contrast, 68% get a ride in a private vehicle.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Calls for school transportation reform\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Recently, there have been calls to reform California’s school transportation system. A 2014 Legislative Analyst’s Office report highlighted how underfunded the program had become and suggested several ways to reform it. In 2022, Newsom pledged state money to fund 60% of the cost of funding school transportation, the largest increase in years. The governor also allocated $1.5 billion in one-time funds to help districts transition to electric school buses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Nancy Skinner proposed a bill in 2022 that would provide universal access to school transportation for TK–12 public school students in the state. She argued that reliable transportation to school could reduce chronic absenteeism and improve school performance, especially for low-income students whose families more often don’t have cars. An analysis of the Skinner bill found it would cost the state $1.4 billion, which may be why, despite support in the Senate, it didn’t advance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The high cost of providing school buses, paired with the many demands on a school district’s budget, make changes to school transportation policy a tricky proposition going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Whenever Bay Curious listener Jules Winters thinks about her childhood growing up in the suburbs of Philadelphia, she thinks of her school bus driver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jules Winters: \u003c/b>My bus driver was Ted for like, most of my life. This one time, there was a snowstorm that just hit, like out of nowhere, and it was like full-on blizzard. And I remember, like, we had been at school maybe only into like 9:00, and they were like, we got to get you out of here, like, now. And so they called all the buses. And we got on the bus with Ted, and we got stuck in a huge snowdrift on the way home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Jules doesn’t remember being scared in that moment, even though it was probably really stressful for Ted. She felt safe. She knew Ted would get her home, he always did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jules Winters: \u003c/b>I have really good memories of taking the bus. Like, I met my best friend on the bus. She had moved into town over the summer and was just starting in a new school, and it’s kind of like I was the first person that she met.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>So when she moved to California as an adult, Jules quickly noticed there weren’t many school buses moving kids around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jules Winters: \u003c/b>I think it’s ironic that initially, I was concerned about traffic, with like being stuck behind a bus, because that was what I was used to on the East Coast. Now, it’s like, I’m not going anywhere near that school because of all the parents dropping off their kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>I live a half block from a school, and trust me, some of the worst traffic jams happen around school start and end times. Since Jules has such positive memories of riding the bus as a student, it got her wondering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jules Winters: \u003c/b>Why aren’t there buses taking students to and from school?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>And that led to a whole bunch more questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jules Winters: \u003c/b>Why is that now the obligation of the family and how do different families accommodate that? Is that equitable?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Today on Bay Curious, we’re taking a closer look at how kids get to school, why it matters, and if it’s true that there aren’t as many school buses in California as there are in other places. I’m Olivia Alan Price. Stay with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>[Sponsor message]\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Today, we’re digging into why you don’t see as many school buses around the Bay area as you might in other parts of the country. And to help answer some of Jules’ questions, we have Bay curious producer and longtime education reporter Katrina Schwartz. Welcome, Katrina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Hi, Olivia. I was actually quite excited that we got an education question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Yeah, let’s get right into it. Is Jules right? Are there actually fewer school buses here?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Yes, Jules is correct. She’s actually put her finger on a real discrepancy. So there’s this survey that the Federal Highway Administration does across the country. And when you look nationwide, almost 40% of school-age kids ride a school bus. And that number has been fairly consistent across many decades. But here in California, only 8% of kids ride a school bus to school, which is the lowest in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Wow. 8%. You know, I wouldn’t have thought it was that low. Although I guess if I think about it, I don’t tend to see school buses very often when I’m out on the roads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Right, because they really aren’t that common. In fact, I had a fair amount of trouble finding any kid that rode a school bus until I started asking around in Berkeley, where it is a little bit more common. So, I met Liz Christiano at her house in Berkeley. She actually volunteered to let me come over at this very stressful time in the morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Liz Christiano:\u003c/b> Good morning. Welcome, Katrina\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Getting ready time in order to meet up with her son James and his friend Eli, as they were having breakfast and getting ready to go to the school bus. They are both fourth graders at John Muir Elementary, and they remember the first time that they rode the school bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Eli: \u003c/b>It was kind of strange because, like, I didn’t know anybody, but then, like, I got used to it really quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>James: \u003c/b>It wasn’t really scary. I guess it felt weird.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>And they were not entirely positive about the experience but kind of resigned to it. I would say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Eli: \u003c/b>It was pretty loud. There’s like so many people talking at once. And then the bus driver, like, frequently stops or has to use the radio to tell people to be quiet or to stop using foul language on the bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>OK. That tracks. I remember not loving the bus all the time as a student, but I know that my mom appreciated that it meant she didn’t have to drive me to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Yes, I think buses are really more for parents than they are for kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Liz Christiano: \u003c/b>My morning would be ridiculously stressful if I had to take him, even though we’re not that far away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Liz Christiano says she’s not even sure how she’d manage her morning without the bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Liz Christiano: \u003c/b>The getting up and going. Having to manage all of the logistics of getting everywhere and everything on time is just… it’s a lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>She has another child who’s younger, who goes to a preschool in Oakland. That school starts at the same time as James’ school. So if she was having to take them both to school, it would be this real logistical hurdle to juggle it all. And so she was just very thankful for the bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Liz Christiano: \u003c/b>Having your kid picked up and taken somewhere and then delivered home the amount of life and cognitive space that you get back, I love it. I really love it. The mornings are so much better because of the bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>James and Eli normally walk to the school bus together without their parents. It’s about a two-block walk. But this morning, because I was there, a bunch of kids met up and we all walked to the school bus together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>James: \u003c/b>We’re about to have to go to the bus. Do you want to interview Mia or Micah? they’re also on the bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/b>So, Micah, how do you feel about the bus?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Micah: \u003c/b>I like that parents still get to work as much as they want. And it’s just fun to ride in the bus with friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/b>What about you, Mia? How do you feel about it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mia: \u003c/b>I really like it. Because even if you’re late to the bus, all you have to do is run, and he’ll wait for you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/b>He waits for you!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mia: \u003c/b>Yeah, and he laughs.\u003ci> (giggles)\u003c/i> This is my first year. So I was very nervous on the first day. I wasn’t expecting that my stop would be the first stop on the whole thing and that it would take like 20 minutes to get to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/b>Are you annoyed that it takes so long or is it OK?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mia: \u003c/b>It’s OK because then I get to talk to my friends when they get on the bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/b>So, is this the bus stop?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Eli: \u003c/b>It’s a very sad bus stop because it has no sign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>And, pretty soon the bus pulled up. The kids all kind of gave their moms hugs and then got on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mia: \u003c/b>What we’re trying to say, is the bus is amazing!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>James: \u003c/b>No, we are not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Off they went.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>I mean, it sounds like it’s working out really well for them. Why aren’t there more buses around California if it’s helping out this family so much?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Yeah. So this all goes back to Proposition 13, which is a constitutional amendment that passed in 1978. And it really limits how much property taxes can increase for homeowners, which is a big deal for school districts because, before Prop. 13, property taxes were the main way that school districts funded themselves. Since then, that burden has shifted more to the state because of Prop. 13.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Speroni: \u003c/b>The restriction of those sources of revenue in 1978 caused more or less a budget crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>I talked with Sam Speroni, who is a doctoral student at UCLA studying school transportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Speroni: \u003c/b>So, in 1982, the state froze its home-to-school transportation budget with only cost-of-living adjustments, and that stayed in place until 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>So over the past 40-plus years, California’s population has grown, though. So there’s just this one pot of money that really hasn’t changed that much, and more kids and more need. So, if districts want to offer school buses, they have to kind of shoulder more of the burden to pay for that. And that means tradeoffs. You know, you can’t pay for everything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Speroni: \u003c/b>That leads local districts into really difficult decisions about, do we continue providing busses or do we eliminate in school house services that are also super important?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Reading support specialist for example, or an extra social worker?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Speroni: \u003c/b>And politically, it’s difficult to justify the elimination of teaching staff if school buses can be reduced first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Obviously, you said it’s an expensive prospect for school districts to think about doing this, but Berkeley is making a bigger investment than others to keep buses going. Why?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>So it goes back to the history of bussing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Archival tape: \u003c/b>The method is bussing, in itself one of the most controversial issues before boards of education throughout this country. But Berkeley is out to prove that it works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>You know, in the 1960s and 70s, school buses were one of the primary ways that districts tried to integrate their schools racially. There was a lot of segregation before that, and school bussing was a way of basically moving kids around, mixing them up, taking them to different neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Archival tape: \u003c/b>And with the use of 25 buses, 3,500 elementary children began to commute to and from White and Negro neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Trish McDermott is the senior communications director for Berkeley Unified, and she told me this history is fundamental to how Berkeley operates today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Trish McDermott: \u003c/b>In 1968, we integrated our elementary schools, and that really made Berkeley the first larger city in the country with a large minority enrollment to voluntarily desegregate schools. And we did that with our buses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>And Trish says even in progressive Berkeley, bussing for integration wasn’t always popular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Trish McDermott: \u003c/b>Big, crowded school board meetings, a lot of pushback.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>They eventually got it done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Trish McDermott: \u003c/b>It’s change that we’re very proud of, and it really is the legacy of our transportation department as it exists today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Archival tape: \u003c/b>Oxford is typical of a school in Berkeley’s white middle-class neighborhood. Last year, Oxford student body had one Negro member. Today, 40% of the 325 students are black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>It’s a progressive district, and they care about creating schools that are diverse and integrated. So, what they do is assign elementary school students to a zone, and then they look at the census for income data and parental education data to assign students to different schools. And then they use school buses to help kids and families get to the school that they were assigned to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Berkeley is doing this, but how does that stack up against all the other hundreds of school districts in California?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Well, it’s important to know that there’s no law in California that requires school districts to provide buses to general education students. So every district kind of looks at its budget and their student population and decides, you know, can we afford to do this or not? Is this where we want to spend our limited resources? You always have to make tradeoffs. So in a rural district, for example, they often prioritize school transportation because the distances are longer. There maybe aren’t any public transportation options for students, and the schools are more spread out. So bussing is sort of essential to getting kids to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I will say that every district does need to provide some school busses, because they are federally mandated to transport certain groups of students to school. So if a student has transportation as part of their Individualized Education program, for example, maybe they have a disability or something like that, then they get transportation to school, and that is federally mandated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One district that actually does provide school buses for general education kids is San Francisco, which might actually surprise some families in San Francisco because a lot of families have to drive their kids to school or walk them to school or find some other way to get there. But there are a few school buses, 35 buses that the district runs. And again, it is also for equity reasons, largely the routes start on the south side of the city where there’s often more kids. It tends to be like lower-income neighborhoods, and the routes take kids to the west side of the city, and that’s to provide access to language programs, other schools, and basically makes sure that they have access to the rest of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>There must be families who would use bussing if it came to them, and it just doesn’t. What do those people do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Well, you know, some kids walk to school if they’re close enough, some kids bike to school. But about two-thirds of California students get a ride to school in a private vehicle. So obviously that’s not great for the environment. And it’s a big ask of families. I mean, plenty of people don’t have cars, so some districts try to help out by partnering with public transportation systems. So in San Francisco, for example, school kids can ride Muni for free. And the district says that every school is served by at least one Muni bus line or train line. In the East Bay. It’s AC transit, and they actually reach out to the school districts around them and try to align their bus schedules to the school. Will start and end times to make it easier for kids to ride.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene:\u003c/b> I’m here at De Anza High School in Richmond. And it’s interesting because, like, all the AC transit buses are waiting here, like school buses. They’re pulled up off the street in this little pick-up zone. And there’s a bunch of kids who came out of school who are waiting around for the buses to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>[Sound of fare machine beeping]\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 20 minutes after school let out…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene:\u003c/b> So all the kids are, like, crowded around the door waiting to get on the bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>[Sounds of bus honking and accelerating]\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>The bus takes off. And it takes a route through the school boundary zone so that all these kids can get back home. But if there was another patron on the street who wanted to ride, they could easily get on the bus anywhere along the route.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>I mean, I imagine this, you know, really boils down to sort of a problem on the equity front, right? Because, OK, even if parents are able to take their kids to school because of their schedule, that still is going to mean they’re going to have to have a car that’s operational. That requires a certain amount of money. Be up to date on insurance. Or I mean, the other thing to consider is like, that’s going to limit the shift work that perhaps parents could do if they’re going to have to know that they need to be available to take their kid to school at a certain time. That’s a constraint that, especially if you’re living, you know, on a low-income salary, that’s just one more thing that you’re sort of juggling in an already pretty complicated life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Yeah, I think it is an equity issue, although it’s a little bit unclear how big of one it is. I mean, obviously any family that has more flexibility and more mobility is going to have more choices. And all the things that you laid out are true. But there are a lot of other factors that make schools unequal in California. So it’s hard to say how much of a difference a school bus would really make to the whole big picture. One thing that Sam Speroni says, though, is that if California as a state wants to even the playing field for families by offering choices about what schools a family might send their kid to, transportation really needs to be part of that conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Speroni: \u003c/b>Ultimately, you don’t have school choice if you don’t have transportation to those choices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>And then the other problem that Sam Speroni brought up — this is a national problem — there’s a huge school bus driver shortage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Speroni: \u003c/b>With the buses we already have. We’re struggling to staff them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>The school bus drivers have to have a special commercial driver’s license, which is also what you use for trucking or other types of delivery jobs. And often those jobs pay more. So in this current economy, it’s very hard to retain your school bus drivers. And we’re seeing that even in places that have much more robust bussing, they’re having a lot of trouble staffing their buses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Now, given everything you’ve learned, are there likely to be any changes to how many school buses California schools offer?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>I mean, a number of people have flagged this as a problem. It’s an equity issue, as we already talked about. So, State Sen. Nancy Skinner actually introduced a bill in 2022 that would have provided universal school transportation for California public school students. And she did that because she argued that providing dedicated funds for school transportation would actually improve attendance. It would help with chronic absenteeism, and especially for low income students, it could also improve outcomes at school, too. But this bill was estimated to cost the state $1.4 billion. And so it had some support in the state Senate, but ultimately it didn’t advance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>$1.4 billion is a lot of money. But still, you know, as someone who rode a school bus, I do have a little bit of nostalgia for those big yellow buses. And I find it a little sad that, you know, I have a 3-year-old, and he isn’t likely to ride a bus in California and have that special relationship with his bus driver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Yeah, I mean, I definitely got the sense from our question-asker, Jules, that she finds it a bit sad. I mean, she really had a positive experience on the bus and felt like it really created community. And not having them around here in the Bay area seems like just another way that the social fabric is fraying a little bit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jules Winters: \u003c/b>I guess I’ve always imagined that buses are like a library or a firefighter station or a police station like it’s this community service that is part of the inlaid structure of what makes it a community or what makes it a school for that community. So it just boggles my mind that it’s not part of any of these communities here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Well, Katrina Schwartz, thank you so much for bringing the story to us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>You’re welcome. I’m sorry I couldn’t get more cute kids on buses. Apparently, there’s a lot of liability issues with getting on school buses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>The woes of education reporting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Yes. It’s hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>Big thanks to Jules Winters for asking this week’s question. If you’ve got a question you’d like Bay Curious to take on, head to baycurious.org and fill out our form at the top of the page. While you’re there, vote in our March voting round. Here are the options under consideration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice 1 \u003c/b>Have you noticed all the motels along Lombard Street? I have. Ever since I was a kid, I’ve always wondered why. Can you find out?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice 2 \u003c/b>At the San Francisco Opera House, there’s a chandelier high above the orchestra level. How do they change the light bulbs when they burn out?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice 3 \u003c/b>San Mateo County has an official shared housing program, which helps people find housing in someone else’s home. How well is it working?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>Again, that’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.baycurious.org\">baycurious.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">View the full episode transcript.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weekday mornings are unquestionably hectic for many of us. We’re up early and out the door, headed towards some kind of commute to work. However, adding the responsibility of getting children through that morning routine and to school on time can feel like the day’s biggest accomplishment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Jules Winters first moved to the San Francisco Bay Area from the East Coast, she worried that in that morning rush, she’d get stuck behind a school bus stopping every couple of blocks to pick up kids. She knew from experience that it could make her late to work. But, soon, that concern turned to puzzlement because it never happened. Instead, she noticed a lot of traffic jams around schools at drop-off and pick-up times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, I’m not going anywhere near [a] school because of all the parents dropping off their kids,” she says. “Why aren’t there buses taking students to and from school?” she wondered. “Why is that now the obligation of the family? And how do different families accommodate that? Is that equitable?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>It goes back to Proposition 13\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Winters isn’t wrong. California has fewer school buses than in other parts of the country. A survey conducted by the Federal Highway Administration found that nationally, almost 40% of school-aged kids ride a school bus. In California, that number is only 8%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like so many questions related to school funding and services, the answer to Winters’ question has roots in the passage of Proposition 13, a constitutional amendment that limited how much a homeowner’s property taxes could increase each year. Property taxes were the primary way school districts funded themselves back then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The restriction of those sources of revenue in 1978 caused more or less a budget crisis,” says Sam Speroni, a doctoral researcher at the UCLA Institute of Transportation Studies and a researcher at San Jose State’s Mineta Transportation Institute. “So in 1982, the state froze its home-to-school transportation budget with only cost of living adjustments, and that stayed in place until 2022.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11980731\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11980731\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/kids-ride-school-bus.jpg\" alt=\"A line of kids boards a yellow school bus.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/kids-ride-school-bus.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/kids-ride-school-bus-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/kids-ride-school-bus-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/kids-ride-school-bus-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/kids-ride-school-bus-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Across the country, about 40% of school-aged kids ride a school bus. In California, that number is closer to 8%. \u003ccite>( Ben Hasty/MediaNews Group/Reading Eagle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the intervening years, California’s population has grown, including school-aged children, but the transportation budget has largely stayed the same. That has forced districts to shoulder more of the costs associated with providing school buses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That leads local districts into really difficult decisions about, ‘do we continue providing buses or do we eliminate in-school-house services that are also super important?’” Speroni says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Districts are federally mandated to provide buses to certain groups of students, like those who have transportation, as part of their Individualized Education Program (IEP). However, California does not require school districts to offer school transportation to general education students. As the demands on the school budgets have grown, many districts have chosen not to prioritize school bus funding, which is costly.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Buses to serve equity goals\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Low-income families and families of color often travel the furthest to get to school and have the least resources at their disposal. In recognition of that, some Bay Area districts fund a small number of buses to help meet their equity goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley Unified School District assigns elementary students to zones and then places them in schools with an eye toward socioeconomic diversity. The district uses census data on family income and parental education to help it do this. If the student lives further than 1 1/2 miles from their assigned school, the district offers school buses to help them get there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over 1,600 students ride the bus in Berkeley, about 18% of the school community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC4087301904&light=true\" width=\"100%\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley’s commitment to school buses stems from a legacy of bussing for integration that goes back to 1968. Berkeley was the first sizable city with a large minority population to voluntarily start a two-way bussing program to both bring white students down from the hills and to take Black students up to the hill schools as a way to racially integrate the population of all its schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco also offers some school buses to general education students. It runs 35 buses for K–8 students each day, with routes that largely start on the southeast side of the city and bring kids to schools further north and west. The district says these routes help provide crucial access to language programs and offer more choices to families living in the southeast. The routes serve 46 schools and about 2,000 kids. Families sign up for the school bus when they enroll their children in elementary school. The routes and applications for spots on the bus are assigned at the educational placement center.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Partnering with public transit agencies\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While many school districts in the San Francisco Bay Area do not provide dedicated school buses for general education students, they often partner with public transportation systems to help families get kids to school. In San Francisco, school-aged kids ride for free on Muni. SamTrans, serving schools in San Mateo County, offers free rides to low-income students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some school districts and public transportation agencies even work together to align schedules. For example, AC Transit, in the East Bay, offers Supplementary Service to School routes designed to align with school bell schedules and to cover the attendance boundaries of certain schools. AC Transit also discounts fares based on income requirements, as does Clipper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite these efforts, according to the Federal Highway Administration survey, only about 2% of California students take public buses to school. In contrast, 68% get a ride in a private vehicle.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Calls for school transportation reform\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Recently, there have been calls to reform California’s school transportation system. A 2014 Legislative Analyst’s Office report highlighted how underfunded the program had become and suggested several ways to reform it. In 2022, Newsom pledged state money to fund 60% of the cost of funding school transportation, the largest increase in years. The governor also allocated $1.5 billion in one-time funds to help districts transition to electric school buses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Nancy Skinner proposed a bill in 2022 that would provide universal access to school transportation for TK–12 public school students in the state. She argued that reliable transportation to school could reduce chronic absenteeism and improve school performance, especially for low-income students whose families more often don’t have cars. An analysis of the Skinner bill found it would cost the state $1.4 billion, which may be why, despite support in the Senate, it didn’t advance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The high cost of providing school buses, paired with the many demands on a school district’s budget, make changes to school transportation policy a tricky proposition going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-content post-body\">\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Whenever Bay Curious listener Jules Winters thinks about her childhood growing up in the suburbs of Philadelphia, she thinks of her school bus driver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jules Winters: \u003c/b>My bus driver was Ted for like, most of my life. This one time, there was a snowstorm that just hit, like out of nowhere, and it was like full-on blizzard. And I remember, like, we had been at school maybe only into like 9:00, and they were like, we got to get you out of here, like, now. And so they called all the buses. And we got on the bus with Ted, and we got stuck in a huge snowdrift on the way home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Jules doesn’t remember being scared in that moment, even though it was probably really stressful for Ted. She felt safe. She knew Ted would get her home, he always did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jules Winters: \u003c/b>I have really good memories of taking the bus. Like, I met my best friend on the bus. She had moved into town over the summer and was just starting in a new school, and it’s kind of like I was the first person that she met.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>So when she moved to California as an adult, Jules quickly noticed there weren’t many school buses moving kids around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jules Winters: \u003c/b>I think it’s ironic that initially, I was concerned about traffic, with like being stuck behind a bus, because that was what I was used to on the East Coast. Now, it’s like, I’m not going anywhere near that school because of all the parents dropping off their kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>I live a half block from a school, and trust me, some of the worst traffic jams happen around school start and end times. Since Jules has such positive memories of riding the bus as a student, it got her wondering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jules Winters: \u003c/b>Why aren’t there buses taking students to and from school?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>And that led to a whole bunch more questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jules Winters: \u003c/b>Why is that now the obligation of the family and how do different families accommodate that? Is that equitable?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Today on Bay Curious, we’re taking a closer look at how kids get to school, why it matters, and if it’s true that there aren’t as many school buses in California as there are in other places. I’m Olivia Alan Price. Stay with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>[Sponsor message]\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Today, we’re digging into why you don’t see as many school buses around the Bay area as you might in other parts of the country. And to help answer some of Jules’ questions, we have Bay curious producer and longtime education reporter Katrina Schwartz. Welcome, Katrina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Hi, Olivia. I was actually quite excited that we got an education question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Yeah, let’s get right into it. Is Jules right? Are there actually fewer school buses here?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Yes, Jules is correct. She’s actually put her finger on a real discrepancy. So there’s this survey that the Federal Highway Administration does across the country. And when you look nationwide, almost 40% of school-age kids ride a school bus. And that number has been fairly consistent across many decades. But here in California, only 8% of kids ride a school bus to school, which is the lowest in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Wow. 8%. You know, I wouldn’t have thought it was that low. Although I guess if I think about it, I don’t tend to see school buses very often when I’m out on the roads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Right, because they really aren’t that common. In fact, I had a fair amount of trouble finding any kid that rode a school bus until I started asking around in Berkeley, where it is a little bit more common. So, I met Liz Christiano at her house in Berkeley. She actually volunteered to let me come over at this very stressful time in the morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Liz Christiano:\u003c/b> Good morning. Welcome, Katrina\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Getting ready time in order to meet up with her son James and his friend Eli, as they were having breakfast and getting ready to go to the school bus. They are both fourth graders at John Muir Elementary, and they remember the first time that they rode the school bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Eli: \u003c/b>It was kind of strange because, like, I didn’t know anybody, but then, like, I got used to it really quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>James: \u003c/b>It wasn’t really scary. I guess it felt weird.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>And they were not entirely positive about the experience but kind of resigned to it. I would say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Eli: \u003c/b>It was pretty loud. There’s like so many people talking at once. And then the bus driver, like, frequently stops or has to use the radio to tell people to be quiet or to stop using foul language on the bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>OK. That tracks. I remember not loving the bus all the time as a student, but I know that my mom appreciated that it meant she didn’t have to drive me to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Yes, I think buses are really more for parents than they are for kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Liz Christiano: \u003c/b>My morning would be ridiculously stressful if I had to take him, even though we’re not that far away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Liz Christiano says she’s not even sure how she’d manage her morning without the bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Liz Christiano: \u003c/b>The getting up and going. Having to manage all of the logistics of getting everywhere and everything on time is just… it’s a lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>She has another child who’s younger, who goes to a preschool in Oakland. That school starts at the same time as James’ school. So if she was having to take them both to school, it would be this real logistical hurdle to juggle it all. And so she was just very thankful for the bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Liz Christiano: \u003c/b>Having your kid picked up and taken somewhere and then delivered home the amount of life and cognitive space that you get back, I love it. I really love it. The mornings are so much better because of the bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>James and Eli normally walk to the school bus together without their parents. It’s about a two-block walk. But this morning, because I was there, a bunch of kids met up and we all walked to the school bus together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>James: \u003c/b>We’re about to have to go to the bus. Do you want to interview Mia or Micah? they’re also on the bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/b>So, Micah, how do you feel about the bus?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Micah: \u003c/b>I like that parents still get to work as much as they want. And it’s just fun to ride in the bus with friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/b>What about you, Mia? How do you feel about it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mia: \u003c/b>I really like it. Because even if you’re late to the bus, all you have to do is run, and he’ll wait for you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/b>He waits for you!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mia: \u003c/b>Yeah, and he laughs.\u003ci> (giggles)\u003c/i> This is my first year. So I was very nervous on the first day. I wasn’t expecting that my stop would be the first stop on the whole thing and that it would take like 20 minutes to get to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/b>Are you annoyed that it takes so long or is it OK?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mia: \u003c/b>It’s OK because then I get to talk to my friends when they get on the bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/b>So, is this the bus stop?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Eli: \u003c/b>It’s a very sad bus stop because it has no sign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>And, pretty soon the bus pulled up. The kids all kind of gave their moms hugs and then got on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mia: \u003c/b>What we’re trying to say, is the bus is amazing!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>James: \u003c/b>No, we are not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Off they went.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>I mean, it sounds like it’s working out really well for them. Why aren’t there more buses around California if it’s helping out this family so much?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Yeah. So this all goes back to Proposition 13, which is a constitutional amendment that passed in 1978. And it really limits how much property taxes can increase for homeowners, which is a big deal for school districts because, before Prop. 13, property taxes were the main way that school districts funded themselves. Since then, that burden has shifted more to the state because of Prop. 13.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Speroni: \u003c/b>The restriction of those sources of revenue in 1978 caused more or less a budget crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>I talked with Sam Speroni, who is a doctoral student at UCLA studying school transportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Speroni: \u003c/b>So, in 1982, the state froze its home-to-school transportation budget with only cost-of-living adjustments, and that stayed in place until 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>So over the past 40-plus years, California’s population has grown, though. So there’s just this one pot of money that really hasn’t changed that much, and more kids and more need. So, if districts want to offer school buses, they have to kind of shoulder more of the burden to pay for that. And that means tradeoffs. You know, you can’t pay for everything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Speroni: \u003c/b>That leads local districts into really difficult decisions about, do we continue providing busses or do we eliminate in school house services that are also super important?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Reading support specialist for example, or an extra social worker?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Speroni: \u003c/b>And politically, it’s difficult to justify the elimination of teaching staff if school buses can be reduced first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Obviously, you said it’s an expensive prospect for school districts to think about doing this, but Berkeley is making a bigger investment than others to keep buses going. Why?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>So it goes back to the history of bussing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Archival tape: \u003c/b>The method is bussing, in itself one of the most controversial issues before boards of education throughout this country. But Berkeley is out to prove that it works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>You know, in the 1960s and 70s, school buses were one of the primary ways that districts tried to integrate their schools racially. There was a lot of segregation before that, and school bussing was a way of basically moving kids around, mixing them up, taking them to different neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Archival tape: \u003c/b>And with the use of 25 buses, 3,500 elementary children began to commute to and from White and Negro neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Trish McDermott is the senior communications director for Berkeley Unified, and she told me this history is fundamental to how Berkeley operates today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Trish McDermott: \u003c/b>In 1968, we integrated our elementary schools, and that really made Berkeley the first larger city in the country with a large minority enrollment to voluntarily desegregate schools. And we did that with our buses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>And Trish says even in progressive Berkeley, bussing for integration wasn’t always popular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Trish McDermott: \u003c/b>Big, crowded school board meetings, a lot of pushback.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>They eventually got it done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Trish McDermott: \u003c/b>It’s change that we’re very proud of, and it really is the legacy of our transportation department as it exists today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Archival tape: \u003c/b>Oxford is typical of a school in Berkeley’s white middle-class neighborhood. Last year, Oxford student body had one Negro member. Today, 40% of the 325 students are black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>It’s a progressive district, and they care about creating schools that are diverse and integrated. So, what they do is assign elementary school students to a zone, and then they look at the census for income data and parental education data to assign students to different schools. And then they use school buses to help kids and families get to the school that they were assigned to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Berkeley is doing this, but how does that stack up against all the other hundreds of school districts in California?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Well, it’s important to know that there’s no law in California that requires school districts to provide buses to general education students. So every district kind of looks at its budget and their student population and decides, you know, can we afford to do this or not? Is this where we want to spend our limited resources? You always have to make tradeoffs. So in a rural district, for example, they often prioritize school transportation because the distances are longer. There maybe aren’t any public transportation options for students, and the schools are more spread out. So bussing is sort of essential to getting kids to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I will say that every district does need to provide some school busses, because they are federally mandated to transport certain groups of students to school. So if a student has transportation as part of their Individualized Education program, for example, maybe they have a disability or something like that, then they get transportation to school, and that is federally mandated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One district that actually does provide school buses for general education kids is San Francisco, which might actually surprise some families in San Francisco because a lot of families have to drive their kids to school or walk them to school or find some other way to get there. But there are a few school buses, 35 buses that the district runs. And again, it is also for equity reasons, largely the routes start on the south side of the city where there’s often more kids. It tends to be like lower-income neighborhoods, and the routes take kids to the west side of the city, and that’s to provide access to language programs, other schools, and basically makes sure that they have access to the rest of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>There must be families who would use bussing if it came to them, and it just doesn’t. What do those people do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Well, you know, some kids walk to school if they’re close enough, some kids bike to school. But about two-thirds of California students get a ride to school in a private vehicle. So obviously that’s not great for the environment. And it’s a big ask of families. I mean, plenty of people don’t have cars, so some districts try to help out by partnering with public transportation systems. So in San Francisco, for example, school kids can ride Muni for free. And the district says that every school is served by at least one Muni bus line or train line. In the East Bay. It’s AC transit, and they actually reach out to the school districts around them and try to align their bus schedules to the school. Will start and end times to make it easier for kids to ride.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene:\u003c/b> I’m here at De Anza High School in Richmond. And it’s interesting because, like, all the AC transit buses are waiting here, like school buses. They’re pulled up off the street in this little pick-up zone. And there’s a bunch of kids who came out of school who are waiting around for the buses to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>[Sound of fare machine beeping]\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 20 minutes after school let out…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene:\u003c/b> So all the kids are, like, crowded around the door waiting to get on the bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>[Sounds of bus honking and accelerating]\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>The bus takes off. And it takes a route through the school boundary zone so that all these kids can get back home. But if there was another patron on the street who wanted to ride, they could easily get on the bus anywhere along the route.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>I mean, I imagine this, you know, really boils down to sort of a problem on the equity front, right? Because, OK, even if parents are able to take their kids to school because of their schedule, that still is going to mean they’re going to have to have a car that’s operational. That requires a certain amount of money. Be up to date on insurance. Or I mean, the other thing to consider is like, that’s going to limit the shift work that perhaps parents could do if they’re going to have to know that they need to be available to take their kid to school at a certain time. That’s a constraint that, especially if you’re living, you know, on a low-income salary, that’s just one more thing that you’re sort of juggling in an already pretty complicated life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Yeah, I think it is an equity issue, although it’s a little bit unclear how big of one it is. I mean, obviously any family that has more flexibility and more mobility is going to have more choices. And all the things that you laid out are true. But there are a lot of other factors that make schools unequal in California. So it’s hard to say how much of a difference a school bus would really make to the whole big picture. One thing that Sam Speroni says, though, is that if California as a state wants to even the playing field for families by offering choices about what schools a family might send their kid to, transportation really needs to be part of that conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Speroni: \u003c/b>Ultimately, you don’t have school choice if you don’t have transportation to those choices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>And then the other problem that Sam Speroni brought up — this is a national problem — there’s a huge school bus driver shortage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sam Speroni: \u003c/b>With the buses we already have. We’re struggling to staff them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>The school bus drivers have to have a special commercial driver’s license, which is also what you use for trucking or other types of delivery jobs. And often those jobs pay more. So in this current economy, it’s very hard to retain your school bus drivers. And we’re seeing that even in places that have much more robust bussing, they’re having a lot of trouble staffing their buses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Now, given everything you’ve learned, are there likely to be any changes to how many school buses California schools offer?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>I mean, a number of people have flagged this as a problem. It’s an equity issue, as we already talked about. So, State Sen. Nancy Skinner actually introduced a bill in 2022 that would have provided universal school transportation for California public school students. And she did that because she argued that providing dedicated funds for school transportation would actually improve attendance. It would help with chronic absenteeism, and especially for low income students, it could also improve outcomes at school, too. But this bill was estimated to cost the state $1.4 billion. And so it had some support in the state Senate, but ultimately it didn’t advance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>$1.4 billion is a lot of money. But still, you know, as someone who rode a school bus, I do have a little bit of nostalgia for those big yellow buses. And I find it a little sad that, you know, I have a 3-year-old, and he isn’t likely to ride a bus in California and have that special relationship with his bus driver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Yeah, I mean, I definitely got the sense from our question-asker, Jules, that she finds it a bit sad. I mean, she really had a positive experience on the bus and felt like it really created community. And not having them around here in the Bay area seems like just another way that the social fabric is fraying a little bit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jules Winters: \u003c/b>I guess I’ve always imagined that buses are like a library or a firefighter station or a police station like it’s this community service that is part of the inlaid structure of what makes it a community or what makes it a school for that community. So it just boggles my mind that it’s not part of any of these communities here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Well, Katrina Schwartz, thank you so much for bringing the story to us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>You’re welcome. I’m sorry I couldn’t get more cute kids on buses. Apparently, there’s a lot of liability issues with getting on school buses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>The woes of education reporting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>Yes. It’s hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>Big thanks to Jules Winters for asking this week’s question. If you’ve got a question you’d like Bay Curious to take on, head to baycurious.org and fill out our form at the top of the page. While you’re there, vote in our March voting round. Here are the options under consideration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice 1 \u003c/b>Have you noticed all the motels along Lombard Street? I have. Ever since I was a kid, I’ve always wondered why. Can you find out?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice 2 \u003c/b>At the San Francisco Opera House, there’s a chandelier high above the orchestra level. How do they change the light bulbs when they burn out?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice 3 \u003c/b>San Mateo County has an official shared housing program, which helps people find housing in someone else’s home. How well is it working?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>Again, that’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.baycurious.org\">baycurious.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>"
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"slug": "robert-f-kennedy-jr-chooses-bay-area-tech-entrepreneur-as-running-mate",
"title": "Robert F. Kennedy Jr. Chooses Bay Area Tech Entrepreneur as Running Mate",
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"headTitle": "Robert F. Kennedy Jr. Chooses Bay Area Tech Entrepreneur as Running Mate | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Independent presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr. revealed Nicole Shanahan, a wealthy tech lawyer and investor, as his pick for vice president on Tuesday in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The formal announcement was held at the Henry J. Kaiser Center for the Arts by Lake Merritt. Classic rock played as the crowd filtered in, and scenes of the American Southwest were shown on two large screens. The predominantly white crowd waved American flags in the half-filled auditorium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m so proud to introduce to you the next vice president of the United States — my fellow lawyer, a brilliant scientist, technologist, a fierce warrior mom, Nicole Shanahan,” Kennedy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shanahan claimed the Republican and Democratic parties are failing to support individual freedom.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Independent Vice Presidential candidate Nicole Shanahan\"]‘If you are one of those disillusioned Republicans, I welcome you to join me, a disillusioned Democrat, in this movement to unify and heal America.’[/pullquote]“In fact, the very failure of both parties to do their job to protect their founding values has contributed to the decline of this country in my lifetime,” she told the crowd. “Maybe that’s why I see so many Republicans disillusioned with their party as I become disillusioned with mine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you are one of those disillusioned Republicans, I welcome you to join me, a disillusioned Democrat, in this movement to unify and heal America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shanahan, 38, is also an entrepreneur and philanthropist. She founded ClearAccessIP, which uses AI to manage patent portfolios and sold the company in 2020. She is also president of \u003ca href=\"https://biaecho.org/\">Bia-Echo\u003c/a>, a foundation that invests in reproductive health and criminal justice reform, according to the company’s website. She was formerly married to Google co-founder Sergey Brin. The couple, who have a daughter, divorced in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shanahan, the daughter of a Chinese immigrant, was raised on welfare in a single-parent household in Oakland. She graduated from Santa Clara Law School in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As you probably know, I became very wealthy later on in life,” she said. “But my roots in Oakland taught me many things I have never forgotten — that the purpose of wealth is to help those in need. And I want to bring that back to politics, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shanahan has never held public office, though she has donated for several years to Democratic candidates, including President Joe Biden in 2020. In February, she donated $4 million to a super PAC to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/12/us/politics/nicole-shanahan-rfk-super-bowl-ad.html\">help pay for a Super Bowl ad\u003c/a> backing Kennedy’s campaign, according to \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kennedy apologized after the ad, which was similar to a commercial supporting John F. Kennedy, his uncle, during his presidential campaign in 1960, sparked outrage from family members. Kennedy, an environmental lawyer who is the son of former Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy, has linked himself to his family’s political legacy, but his promotion of conspiracy theories and vaccine misinformation has been criticized by his cousins, among others.[aside postID=news_11978645 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/GettyImages-2067239298-1020x680.jpg']Kennedy has made numerous false or misleading claims about vaccines in speeches and media interviews, including referring to the COVID-19 vaccine as “the deadliest vaccine ever made.” He’s claimed that antidepressants are to blame for school shootings and that chemicals in water supplies could make children transgender. In 2023, he told the podcaster Joe Rogan that Wi-Fi causes cancer and “leaky brain,” according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/13/1187272781/rfk-jr-kennedy-conspiracy-theories-social-media-presidential-campaign\">NPR’s roundup of the conspiracy theories promoted by Kennedy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do wonder about vaccine injuries,” Shanahan said in \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> story about the Super Bowl ad. “I think there needs to be a space to have these conversations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the roughly 200 attendees were also skeptical of vaccines, like Aaron Tran, an Oakland resident who works in the cannabis industry. He said anti-vax theories haven’t been disproven in studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11980908\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11980908 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240323-RFKRALLY-JY-013-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240323-RFKRALLY-JY-013-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240323-RFKRALLY-JY-013-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240323-RFKRALLY-JY-013-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240323-RFKRALLY-JY-013-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240323-RFKRALLY-JY-013-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240323-RFKRALLY-JY-013-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Independent Presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr. introduced Nicole Shanahan, a tech lawyer and investor, to a crowd of a few hundred at Henry J. Kaiser Center for the Arts in Oakland, Calif., on Tuesday, March 26, 2024. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If the studies are there, [Kennedy] wants to make it public so we can all see it,” said Tran, 42. “And if the studies are not done, then to get them done. Then take action on whatever that evidence provides.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another Oakland resident, Karen Motlow, hopes Kennedy can win.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because if he doesn’t, we’re toast,” Motlow, 71, said. “We’re already toast as far as humanity goes because so many people have taken a synthetic genetic vaccine that has an HIV plasmid in it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11980811\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11980811\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240326-RFK-RALLY-MD-08-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240326-RFK-RALLY-MD-08-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240326-RFK-RALLY-MD-08-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240326-RFK-RALLY-MD-08-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240326-RFK-RALLY-MD-08-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240326-RFK-RALLY-MD-08-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240326-RFK-RALLY-MD-08-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A truck with an anti-Robert F. Kennedy Jr. ad paid for by the Democratic National Committee outside a campaign rally at the Kaiser Center for the Arts in Oakland on March 26, 2024. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There is no evidence that COVID-19 vaccines contain \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/fact-check-coronavirus-vaccine-hiv-185375755407\">HIV\u003c/a> or a \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/ap-fact-check/no-monkey-virus-dna-was-not-found-in-covid-vaccines-00000188e957d32da188e9ff1aef0000\">cancer-causing “monkey virus,”\u003c/a> according to the\u003cem> Associated Press\u003c/em>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/dec/10/robert-f-kennedy-jr/no-covid-19-vaccine-not-deadliest-vaccine-ever-mad/\">PolitiFact\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://factcheck.org\">FactCheck.org\u003c/a>, among other organizations, have debunked Kennedy’s controversial statements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sonia and Paul, a couple from Fresno who declined to give their last name to KQED, said Kennedy’s anti-vaccine theories were problematic.[aside label='More on Politics and Government' tag='politics']“I don’t agree with that,” Sonia said. “But that’s why we’re here, to find out more, right?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A parade of speakers positioned Kennedy as an underdog, including Angela Stanton-King, a conspiracy theorist who was once an ally of former President Donald Trump, former NBA player Metta Sandiford-Artest and Kennedy’s wife, the actress Cheryl Hines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kennedy has significant hurdles to becoming a viable alternative for voters. Independent candidates must submit nomination signatures in each of the 50 states to be added to ballots. In California, Kennedy needs about 220,000 signatures to qualify for the November election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has officially qualified for the ballot in Utah, and his campaign claims he has collected enough signatures to qualify in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kennedy24.com/ballot-access\">Nevada, New Hampshire and Hawaii\u003c/a>. It will be expensive to collect the millions of signatures required to get on the ballot in all 50 states, and in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tsvuyXAN9L0\">YouTube video,\u003c/a> Kennedy said it will cost $15 million. Shanahan’s personal wealth and Silicon Valley connections will ease the financial burden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Independent presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr. taps Nicole Shanahan, a wealthy tech lawyer and investor, as his vice presidential nominee on Tuesday in Oakland. Shanahan has limited political experience but has donated for several years to Democratic candidates, including President Joe Biden in 2020.",
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"title": "Robert F. Kennedy Jr. Chooses Bay Area Tech Entrepreneur as Running Mate | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Independent presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr. revealed Nicole Shanahan, a wealthy tech lawyer and investor, as his pick for vice president on Tuesday in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The formal announcement was held at the Henry J. Kaiser Center for the Arts by Lake Merritt. Classic rock played as the crowd filtered in, and scenes of the American Southwest were shown on two large screens. The predominantly white crowd waved American flags in the half-filled auditorium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m so proud to introduce to you the next vice president of the United States — my fellow lawyer, a brilliant scientist, technologist, a fierce warrior mom, Nicole Shanahan,” Kennedy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shanahan claimed the Republican and Democratic parties are failing to support individual freedom.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘If you are one of those disillusioned Republicans, I welcome you to join me, a disillusioned Democrat, in this movement to unify and heal America.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“In fact, the very failure of both parties to do their job to protect their founding values has contributed to the decline of this country in my lifetime,” she told the crowd. “Maybe that’s why I see so many Republicans disillusioned with their party as I become disillusioned with mine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you are one of those disillusioned Republicans, I welcome you to join me, a disillusioned Democrat, in this movement to unify and heal America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shanahan, 38, is also an entrepreneur and philanthropist. She founded ClearAccessIP, which uses AI to manage patent portfolios and sold the company in 2020. She is also president of \u003ca href=\"https://biaecho.org/\">Bia-Echo\u003c/a>, a foundation that invests in reproductive health and criminal justice reform, according to the company’s website. She was formerly married to Google co-founder Sergey Brin. The couple, who have a daughter, divorced in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shanahan, the daughter of a Chinese immigrant, was raised on welfare in a single-parent household in Oakland. She graduated from Santa Clara Law School in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As you probably know, I became very wealthy later on in life,” she said. “But my roots in Oakland taught me many things I have never forgotten — that the purpose of wealth is to help those in need. And I want to bring that back to politics, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shanahan has never held public office, though she has donated for several years to Democratic candidates, including President Joe Biden in 2020. In February, she donated $4 million to a super PAC to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/12/us/politics/nicole-shanahan-rfk-super-bowl-ad.html\">help pay for a Super Bowl ad\u003c/a> backing Kennedy’s campaign, according to \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kennedy apologized after the ad, which was similar to a commercial supporting John F. Kennedy, his uncle, during his presidential campaign in 1960, sparked outrage from family members. Kennedy, an environmental lawyer who is the son of former Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy, has linked himself to his family’s political legacy, but his promotion of conspiracy theories and vaccine misinformation has been criticized by his cousins, among others.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Kennedy has made numerous false or misleading claims about vaccines in speeches and media interviews, including referring to the COVID-19 vaccine as “the deadliest vaccine ever made.” He’s claimed that antidepressants are to blame for school shootings and that chemicals in water supplies could make children transgender. In 2023, he told the podcaster Joe Rogan that Wi-Fi causes cancer and “leaky brain,” according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/13/1187272781/rfk-jr-kennedy-conspiracy-theories-social-media-presidential-campaign\">NPR’s roundup of the conspiracy theories promoted by Kennedy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do wonder about vaccine injuries,” Shanahan said in \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> story about the Super Bowl ad. “I think there needs to be a space to have these conversations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the roughly 200 attendees were also skeptical of vaccines, like Aaron Tran, an Oakland resident who works in the cannabis industry. He said anti-vax theories haven’t been disproven in studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11980908\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11980908 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240323-RFKRALLY-JY-013-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240323-RFKRALLY-JY-013-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240323-RFKRALLY-JY-013-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240323-RFKRALLY-JY-013-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240323-RFKRALLY-JY-013-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240323-RFKRALLY-JY-013-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240323-RFKRALLY-JY-013-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Independent Presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr. introduced Nicole Shanahan, a tech lawyer and investor, to a crowd of a few hundred at Henry J. Kaiser Center for the Arts in Oakland, Calif., on Tuesday, March 26, 2024. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If the studies are there, [Kennedy] wants to make it public so we can all see it,” said Tran, 42. “And if the studies are not done, then to get them done. Then take action on whatever that evidence provides.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another Oakland resident, Karen Motlow, hopes Kennedy can win.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because if he doesn’t, we’re toast,” Motlow, 71, said. “We’re already toast as far as humanity goes because so many people have taken a synthetic genetic vaccine that has an HIV plasmid in it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11980811\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11980811\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240326-RFK-RALLY-MD-08-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240326-RFK-RALLY-MD-08-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240326-RFK-RALLY-MD-08-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240326-RFK-RALLY-MD-08-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240326-RFK-RALLY-MD-08-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240326-RFK-RALLY-MD-08-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/240326-RFK-RALLY-MD-08-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A truck with an anti-Robert F. Kennedy Jr. ad paid for by the Democratic National Committee outside a campaign rally at the Kaiser Center for the Arts in Oakland on March 26, 2024. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There is no evidence that COVID-19 vaccines contain \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/fact-check-coronavirus-vaccine-hiv-185375755407\">HIV\u003c/a> or a \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/ap-fact-check/no-monkey-virus-dna-was-not-found-in-covid-vaccines-00000188e957d32da188e9ff1aef0000\">cancer-causing “monkey virus,”\u003c/a> according to the\u003cem> Associated Press\u003c/em>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/dec/10/robert-f-kennedy-jr/no-covid-19-vaccine-not-deadliest-vaccine-ever-mad/\">PolitiFact\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://factcheck.org\">FactCheck.org\u003c/a>, among other organizations, have debunked Kennedy’s controversial statements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sonia and Paul, a couple from Fresno who declined to give their last name to KQED, said Kennedy’s anti-vaccine theories were problematic.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“I don’t agree with that,” Sonia said. “But that’s why we’re here, to find out more, right?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A parade of speakers positioned Kennedy as an underdog, including Angela Stanton-King, a conspiracy theorist who was once an ally of former President Donald Trump, former NBA player Metta Sandiford-Artest and Kennedy’s wife, the actress Cheryl Hines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kennedy has significant hurdles to becoming a viable alternative for voters. Independent candidates must submit nomination signatures in each of the 50 states to be added to ballots. In California, Kennedy needs about 220,000 signatures to qualify for the November election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has officially qualified for the ballot in Utah, and his campaign claims he has collected enough signatures to qualify in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kennedy24.com/ballot-access\">Nevada, New Hampshire and Hawaii\u003c/a>. It will be expensive to collect the millions of signatures required to get on the ballot in all 50 states, and in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tsvuyXAN9L0\">YouTube video,\u003c/a> Kennedy said it will cost $15 million. Shanahan’s personal wealth and Silicon Valley connections will ease the financial burden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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},
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"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
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"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
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"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
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