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"content": "\u003cp>For hundreds of public employees in the state of Washington, where a new vaccine mandate for state employees went into effect this week, Monday was their last day on the job. That includes a sergeant with the Washington State Patrol, \u003ca href=\"https://kuow.org/stories/unvaccinated-washington-state-employees-face-their-last-day-on-the-job\">who told KUOW, Seattle’s NPR station, that he had made an appointment to turn in his patrol car and equipment\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles County, Sheriff Alex Villanueva announced earlier this month that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2021/10/08/1044586933/los-angeles-county-sheriff-covid-vaccine-mandate\">he would not carry out the county’s mandate\u003c/a> for his department’s 18,000 employees, warning that the nation’s most populous county could lose “5, 10% of my workforce overnight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in Chicago, the clash between police and city officials over the city’s vaccine mandate has grown so contentious that \u003ca href=\"https://www.wbez.org/stories/covid-19-vaccine-deadline-looms-for-city-of-chicago-workers/aea0df09-399b-489a-ab58-cc3f362c843b\">a judge ordered the local union president to stop making public statements\u003c/a> after the city’s attorney accused him of “municipal sedition and treason.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As vaccine mandates for public employees begin to take effect across the country, police officers and the unions that represent them are putting up a fight, frustrating officials who say their goal is to minimize deaths as the COVID-19 pandemic drags on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More police officers die of COVID than they do in other causes of death, so it doesn’t make any sense to not try to protect yourself as well as the colleagues that you work with,” Dr. Anthony Fauci, the nation’s top infectious disease official, said in an interview on “Fox News Sunday.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 230 police officers in the U.S. have died of COVID-19 so far in 2021, more than quadruple the number of deaths by gunfire, according to the Officer Down Memorial Page, a group that tracks on-duty police deaths. Last year, the coronavirus killed nearly 250 officers nationwide, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.odmp.org/agency/657-chicago-police-department-illinois\">four in Chicago\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to make sure that our officers who are literally working their tails off every single day, risking life and limb, are absolutely able to take advantage of this lifesaving vaccine,” Chicago Mayor Lori Lightfoot said at a news conference Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Monday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wbez.org/stories/chicago-vaccine-mandate-most-workers-vaccinated/f5fd4074-ee72-448c-ae85-9d2e366cf75e\">79% of all city employees\u003c/a> in Chicago had complied with Lightfoot’s order to submit their vaccination status, officials said. But about a third of employees in the Chicago Police Department — more than 4,500 total, including sworn officers and civilian employees — refused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"vaccine-mandates\"]The city’s Fraternal Order of Police, led by its president, John Catanzara, had repeatedly encouraged officers to not comply with the city’s requirement that all municipal employees share their vaccination status by last Friday’s midnight deadline. That led to his admonishment by a judge Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Employees who do not report their status, including police officers, will not be paid, the mayor said Monday. \u003ca href=\"https://www.wbez.org/stories/chicago-vaccine-mandate-most-workers-vaccinated/f5fd4074-ee72-448c-ae85-9d2e366cf75e\">According to WBEZ\u003c/a>, an internal memo sent over the weekend warned department employees that if they do not comply with the policy, they could be fired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 20 states have implemented some form of vaccine mandate for state employees, and many major municipalities have put them in place as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vaccine mandates \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/07/1043332198/employer-vaccine-mandates-success-workers-get-shots-to-keep-jobs\">are effective\u003c/a> at getting people vaccinated, which in turn reduces serious illness and death from COVID-19. Major companies such as United Airlines and Tyson Foods announced mandates and have since reported that the vast majority of their employees are vaccinated. In Washington, Gov. Jay Inslee said last week that more than 90% of state workers have been vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But police officers have consistently resisted the vaccine at higher rates than the general public. Police unions have begun to raise concerns that tough enforcement of the mandates could result in staffing shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Seattle, detectives and other nonpatrol officers were dispatched to emergency calls last week, \u003ca href=\"https://komonews.com/news/local/seattle-police-department-activates-stage-3-emergency-operations-amid-staffing-shortage\">according to local TV station KOMO\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Massachusetts, where Gov. Charlie Baker’s vaccine mandate took effect Monday, at least 150 state police officers have resigned or submitted paperwork to do so, according to the union, though the state has not yet confirmed those numbers. Roughly 85% of state police officers are vaccinated, but union officials say the resignations are exacerbating an already difficult staffing situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Critically low staffing is the single largest threat to public safety today,” said Michael Cherven, president of the State Police Association of Massachusetts, at a news conference on Monday. “We are in dire need of courageous leadership that places public safety above politics.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the country, opponents have filed lawsuits hoping to block the vaccine mandates, but there’s a long history of them passing legal muster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the suits have already been rejected by judges, including the Supreme Court declining emergency appeals by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/01/1042600683/sotomayor-nyc-school-vaccine\">teachers in New York City\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/07/19/1018010489/indiana-universitys-vaccine-requirement-should-stand-federal-judge-rules\">university students in Indiana\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Police+officers+and+unions+put+up+a+fight+against+vaccine+mandates+for+public+workers&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For hundreds of public employees in the state of Washington, where a new vaccine mandate for state employees went into effect this week, Monday was their last day on the job. That includes a sergeant with the Washington State Patrol, \u003ca href=\"https://kuow.org/stories/unvaccinated-washington-state-employees-face-their-last-day-on-the-job\">who told KUOW, Seattle’s NPR station, that he had made an appointment to turn in his patrol car and equipment\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles County, Sheriff Alex Villanueva announced earlier this month that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2021/10/08/1044586933/los-angeles-county-sheriff-covid-vaccine-mandate\">he would not carry out the county’s mandate\u003c/a> for his department’s 18,000 employees, warning that the nation’s most populous county could lose “5, 10% of my workforce overnight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in Chicago, the clash between police and city officials over the city’s vaccine mandate has grown so contentious that \u003ca href=\"https://www.wbez.org/stories/covid-19-vaccine-deadline-looms-for-city-of-chicago-workers/aea0df09-399b-489a-ab58-cc3f362c843b\">a judge ordered the local union president to stop making public statements\u003c/a> after the city’s attorney accused him of “municipal sedition and treason.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As vaccine mandates for public employees begin to take effect across the country, police officers and the unions that represent them are putting up a fight, frustrating officials who say their goal is to minimize deaths as the COVID-19 pandemic drags on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More police officers die of COVID than they do in other causes of death, so it doesn’t make any sense to not try to protect yourself as well as the colleagues that you work with,” Dr. Anthony Fauci, the nation’s top infectious disease official, said in an interview on “Fox News Sunday.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 230 police officers in the U.S. have died of COVID-19 so far in 2021, more than quadruple the number of deaths by gunfire, according to the Officer Down Memorial Page, a group that tracks on-duty police deaths. Last year, the coronavirus killed nearly 250 officers nationwide, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.odmp.org/agency/657-chicago-police-department-illinois\">four in Chicago\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to make sure that our officers who are literally working their tails off every single day, risking life and limb, are absolutely able to take advantage of this lifesaving vaccine,” Chicago Mayor Lori Lightfoot said at a news conference Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Monday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wbez.org/stories/chicago-vaccine-mandate-most-workers-vaccinated/f5fd4074-ee72-448c-ae85-9d2e366cf75e\">79% of all city employees\u003c/a> in Chicago had complied with Lightfoot’s order to submit their vaccination status, officials said. But about a third of employees in the Chicago Police Department — more than 4,500 total, including sworn officers and civilian employees — refused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The city’s Fraternal Order of Police, led by its president, John Catanzara, had repeatedly encouraged officers to not comply with the city’s requirement that all municipal employees share their vaccination status by last Friday’s midnight deadline. That led to his admonishment by a judge Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Employees who do not report their status, including police officers, will not be paid, the mayor said Monday. \u003ca href=\"https://www.wbez.org/stories/chicago-vaccine-mandate-most-workers-vaccinated/f5fd4074-ee72-448c-ae85-9d2e366cf75e\">According to WBEZ\u003c/a>, an internal memo sent over the weekend warned department employees that if they do not comply with the policy, they could be fired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 20 states have implemented some form of vaccine mandate for state employees, and many major municipalities have put them in place as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vaccine mandates \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/07/1043332198/employer-vaccine-mandates-success-workers-get-shots-to-keep-jobs\">are effective\u003c/a> at getting people vaccinated, which in turn reduces serious illness and death from COVID-19. Major companies such as United Airlines and Tyson Foods announced mandates and have since reported that the vast majority of their employees are vaccinated. In Washington, Gov. Jay Inslee said last week that more than 90% of state workers have been vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But police officers have consistently resisted the vaccine at higher rates than the general public. Police unions have begun to raise concerns that tough enforcement of the mandates could result in staffing shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Seattle, detectives and other nonpatrol officers were dispatched to emergency calls last week, \u003ca href=\"https://komonews.com/news/local/seattle-police-department-activates-stage-3-emergency-operations-amid-staffing-shortage\">according to local TV station KOMO\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Massachusetts, where Gov. Charlie Baker’s vaccine mandate took effect Monday, at least 150 state police officers have resigned or submitted paperwork to do so, according to the union, though the state has not yet confirmed those numbers. Roughly 85% of state police officers are vaccinated, but union officials say the resignations are exacerbating an already difficult staffing situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Critically low staffing is the single largest threat to public safety today,” said Michael Cherven, president of the State Police Association of Massachusetts, at a news conference on Monday. “We are in dire need of courageous leadership that places public safety above politics.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the country, opponents have filed lawsuits hoping to block the vaccine mandates, but there’s a long history of them passing legal muster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the suits have already been rejected by judges, including the Supreme Court declining emergency appeals by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/01/1042600683/sotomayor-nyc-school-vaccine\">teachers in New York City\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/07/19/1018010489/indiana-universitys-vaccine-requirement-should-stand-federal-judge-rules\">university students in Indiana\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Police+officers+and+unions+put+up+a+fight+against+vaccine+mandates+for+public+workers&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Gathering for the Holidays? CDC Says COVID Vaccinations Are Key for a Safe Celebration",
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"content": "\u003cp>Following \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2021/10/04/1043020857/cdc-tips-for-celebrating-the-holidays-safely-covid\">confusion earlier this month\u003c/a> on how the country should safely celebrate the holidays, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has released its updated guidance around gatherings and traveling amid the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the new guidance issued Friday, the CDC says the best way to safely celebrate the holiday season is by being vaccinated (if eligible) against the coronavirus. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Dr. Anthony Fauci, chief medical adviser to the president\"]‘I think that, particularly if you’re vaccinated, you can get out there and enjoy it.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Protect those not yet eligible for vaccination such as young children by getting yourself and other eligible people around them vaccinated,”\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/daily-life-coping/holidays/celebrations.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> the CDC said on its website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials said that having every person in attendance vaccinated against the virus is particularly important for protecting those who can’t get a shot, such as children under 12.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC recommends that those who aren’t fully vaccinated delay their travel plans. For those who do travel, the CDC offers recommendations for \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/travelers/travel-during-covid19.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">domestic \u003c/a>or \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/travelers/international-travel-during-covid19.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">international \u003c/a>travelers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, the CDC suggests that those who aren’t fully vaccinated wear well-fitting masks over the nose and mouth if in public indoor settings. It says outdoor celebrations, if possible, are recommended instead of indoor ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If in an outdoor setting, those who are vaccinated do not need to wear a mask, unless they are in areas with a high number of COVID-19 cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By working together, we can enjoy safer holidays, travel, and protect our own health as well as the health of our family and friends,” the CDC said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just this week, Dr. Anthony Fauci, the nation’s top infectious disease expert, said that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/12/1045202813/trick-or-treating-halloween-is-safe-fauci-says\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">trick-or-treating can resume\u003c/a> this Halloween, should those who are fully vaccinated feel comfortable doing so. [aside postID=news_11891970]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that, particularly if you’re vaccinated, you can get out there and enjoy it,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/videos/health/2021/10/10/fauci-covid-19-halloween-safety-sotu-vpx.cnn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fauci told CNN’s “State of the Union.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the American Academy of Pediatrics website, \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/COVID-19/Pages/Halloween-COVID-Safety-Tips.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">healthychildren.org\u003c/a>, officials recommend that families who decide on outdoor trick-or-treating do so in small groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to handing out candy, the website says to sit outside and line up individually prepackaged treats for children to take, including nonedible treats for those with food allergies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+CDC+emphasizes+COVID+vaccinations+as+a+key+to+safe+holiday+gatherings&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Following \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2021/10/04/1043020857/cdc-tips-for-celebrating-the-holidays-safely-covid\">confusion earlier this month\u003c/a> on how the country should safely celebrate the holidays, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has released its updated guidance around gatherings and traveling amid the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the new guidance issued Friday, the CDC says the best way to safely celebrate the holiday season is by being vaccinated (if eligible) against the coronavirus. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Protect those not yet eligible for vaccination such as young children by getting yourself and other eligible people around them vaccinated,”\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/daily-life-coping/holidays/celebrations.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> the CDC said on its website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health officials said that having every person in attendance vaccinated against the virus is particularly important for protecting those who can’t get a shot, such as children under 12.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC recommends that those who aren’t fully vaccinated delay their travel plans. For those who do travel, the CDC offers recommendations for \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/travelers/travel-during-covid19.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">domestic \u003c/a>or \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/travelers/international-travel-during-covid19.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">international \u003c/a>travelers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, the CDC suggests that those who aren’t fully vaccinated wear well-fitting masks over the nose and mouth if in public indoor settings. It says outdoor celebrations, if possible, are recommended instead of indoor ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If in an outdoor setting, those who are vaccinated do not need to wear a mask, unless they are in areas with a high number of COVID-19 cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By working together, we can enjoy safer holidays, travel, and protect our own health as well as the health of our family and friends,” the CDC said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just this week, Dr. Anthony Fauci, the nation’s top infectious disease expert, said that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/12/1045202813/trick-or-treating-halloween-is-safe-fauci-says\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">trick-or-treating can resume\u003c/a> this Halloween, should those who are fully vaccinated feel comfortable doing so. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that, particularly if you’re vaccinated, you can get out there and enjoy it,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/videos/health/2021/10/10/fauci-covid-19-halloween-safety-sotu-vpx.cnn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fauci told CNN’s “State of the Union.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the American Academy of Pediatrics website, \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/COVID-19/Pages/Halloween-COVID-Safety-Tips.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">healthychildren.org\u003c/a>, officials recommend that families who decide on outdoor trick-or-treating do so in small groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to handing out candy, the website says to sit outside and line up individually prepackaged treats for children to take, including nonedible treats for those with food allergies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+CDC+emphasizes+COVID+vaccinations+as+a+key+to+safe+holiday+gatherings&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A Marin County judge tentatively ruled Friday that state prison officials acted with deliberate indifference when they caused a deadly coronavirus outbreak at San Quentin last year. But he said vaccines have since so changed the landscape that officials are no longer violating the constitutional rights of those incarcerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit stemmed from the botched transfer of infected inmates in May 2020 from a Southern California prison to San Quentin, which at the time had no infections. The coronavirus then quickly sickened 75% of those incarcerated at the prison, leading to the deaths of 28 incarcerated people and a correctional officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials “ignored virtually every safety measure in doing so,” Marin County Superior Court Judge Geoffrey Howard wrote in a 114-page tentative ruling Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The tragic, inevitable … result of this bumbling sequence of events was an exponential COVID-19 outbreak at San Quentin that, to date, has killed 28 people,” he wrote. “It more than qualifies as deliberate indifference to a known risk.” [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Marin County Superior Court Judge Geoffrey Howard\"]‘The tragic, inevitable … result of this bumbling sequence of events was an exponential COVID-19 outbreak at San Quentin that, to date, has killed 28 people. … It more than qualifies as deliberate indifference to a known risk.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he preliminarily rejected inmates’ request that he essentially reinstate an appeals court ruling from October 2020 requiring corrections officials to cut the incarcerated population to less than half of San Quentin’s designed capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Supreme Court put that appeals court order on hold in December pending the trial that took place in Howard’s courtroom this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appeals court order came during the height of the pandemic in October 2020, after the deadly summer surge at San Quentin and before a statewide winter spike that strained hospitals and intensive care units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howard tentatively concluded that conditions have substantially changed since then, mainly because he said prison officials have done their best to vaccinate every incarcerated person who agrees to be inoculated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those vaccinations “substantially reduce the danger posed by COVID-19 within the prison. That risk, though undoubtedly substantial and serious, may well not exceed contemporary standards of decency,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The vaccine — in combination with the myriad other measures [the prison system] has undertaken — has essentially eliminated the more serious threat from COVID-19 to any inmate who accepts the vaccine.”[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Attorney Charles Carbone\"]‘You can violate the rights of your prisoner population to the point where you basically cause preventable deaths, and there’s really not going to be any accountability.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howard said he will hear attorneys’ objections or comments on Nov. 8 before making a final ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Charles Carbone, who represented the first incarcerated person in a case that now involves hundreds, said there is little chance of changing Howard’s ruling, but that it will be appealed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howard meticulously documented human rights and constitutional abuses, Carbone said, but then “said, ‘Sorry, so what. Sorry that people died, sorry that hundreds of correctional staff got sick, and sorry that it was largely if not entirely preventable. But as a body of law, we’re not going to do anything about it.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://open.spotify.com/embed/episode/2roxKfFBAyxqnhNehITOkL\" width=\"100%\" height=\"232\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carbone said that also sends the wrong message to corrections officials, who may now feel “you can violate the rights of your prisoner population to the point where you basically cause preventable deaths, and there’s really not going to be any accountability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrections officials said they are reviewing the tentative ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In arguing for a court-ordered population reduction, the attorneys of those who are incarcerated called overcrowding the “original sin” of the California prison system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overcrowding “is why San Quentin presented a virtual tinderbox for an epidemiological conflagration in early 2020, because its population stood at 131.4% of capacity,” they argued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California prison officials countered that they took numerous steps to try to protect those incarcerated from infection, including temporarily reducing the population of the state’s oldest prison by 40%, short of the 50% recommended in June 2020 by health experts.[aside tag=\"san-quentin\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials said the botched transfer itself was a flawed but well-intentioned effort to move 121 vulnerable inmates away from an outbreak at a Southern California prison. Some of the incarcerated people sent to San Quentin had already been infected but were inadequately tested for the virus, and they were not quarantined upon their arrival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outbreak prompted more than 700 people incarcerated at San Quentin to petition the Marin County Superior Court for their immediate release. About 300 were consolidated into a single case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in September ordered all California prison employees to be vaccinated, though the state is fighting the mandate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howard ruled in one of several lawsuits resulting from the San Quentin outbreak, including a federal civil rights lawsuit by the family of 61-year-old Daniel Ruiz, who died, and a proposed Marin County class-action lawsuit on behalf of Steven Malear and what the lawsuit says are at least 1,400 incarcerated people infected at San Quentin .\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "A Marin County judge tentatively ruled Friday that state prison officials acted with deliberate indifference when they caused a deadly coronavirus outbreak at San Quentin last year. However, he said the landscape has since changed and officials are no longer violating the constitutional rights of those incarcerated.",
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"title": "Marin Judge Tentatively Rejects Cutting San Quentin Crowding | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A Marin County judge tentatively ruled Friday that state prison officials acted with deliberate indifference when they caused a deadly coronavirus outbreak at San Quentin last year. But he said vaccines have since so changed the landscape that officials are no longer violating the constitutional rights of those incarcerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit stemmed from the botched transfer of infected inmates in May 2020 from a Southern California prison to San Quentin, which at the time had no infections. The coronavirus then quickly sickened 75% of those incarcerated at the prison, leading to the deaths of 28 incarcerated people and a correctional officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials “ignored virtually every safety measure in doing so,” Marin County Superior Court Judge Geoffrey Howard wrote in a 114-page tentative ruling Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The tragic, inevitable … result of this bumbling sequence of events was an exponential COVID-19 outbreak at San Quentin that, to date, has killed 28 people,” he wrote. “It more than qualifies as deliberate indifference to a known risk.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he preliminarily rejected inmates’ request that he essentially reinstate an appeals court ruling from October 2020 requiring corrections officials to cut the incarcerated population to less than half of San Quentin’s designed capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Supreme Court put that appeals court order on hold in December pending the trial that took place in Howard’s courtroom this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appeals court order came during the height of the pandemic in October 2020, after the deadly summer surge at San Quentin and before a statewide winter spike that strained hospitals and intensive care units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howard tentatively concluded that conditions have substantially changed since then, mainly because he said prison officials have done their best to vaccinate every incarcerated person who agrees to be inoculated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those vaccinations “substantially reduce the danger posed by COVID-19 within the prison. That risk, though undoubtedly substantial and serious, may well not exceed contemporary standards of decency,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The vaccine — in combination with the myriad other measures [the prison system] has undertaken — has essentially eliminated the more serious threat from COVID-19 to any inmate who accepts the vaccine.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howard said he will hear attorneys’ objections or comments on Nov. 8 before making a final ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Charles Carbone, who represented the first incarcerated person in a case that now involves hundreds, said there is little chance of changing Howard’s ruling, but that it will be appealed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howard meticulously documented human rights and constitutional abuses, Carbone said, but then “said, ‘Sorry, so what. Sorry that people died, sorry that hundreds of correctional staff got sick, and sorry that it was largely if not entirely preventable. But as a body of law, we’re not going to do anything about it.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://open.spotify.com/embed/episode/2roxKfFBAyxqnhNehITOkL\" width=\"100%\" height=\"232\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carbone said that also sends the wrong message to corrections officials, who may now feel “you can violate the rights of your prisoner population to the point where you basically cause preventable deaths, and there’s really not going to be any accountability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corrections officials said they are reviewing the tentative ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In arguing for a court-ordered population reduction, the attorneys of those who are incarcerated called overcrowding the “original sin” of the California prison system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overcrowding “is why San Quentin presented a virtual tinderbox for an epidemiological conflagration in early 2020, because its population stood at 131.4% of capacity,” they argued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California prison officials countered that they took numerous steps to try to protect those incarcerated from infection, including temporarily reducing the population of the state’s oldest prison by 40%, short of the 50% recommended in June 2020 by health experts.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials said the botched transfer itself was a flawed but well-intentioned effort to move 121 vulnerable inmates away from an outbreak at a Southern California prison. Some of the incarcerated people sent to San Quentin had already been infected but were inadequately tested for the virus, and they were not quarantined upon their arrival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outbreak prompted more than 700 people incarcerated at San Quentin to petition the Marin County Superior Court for their immediate release. About 300 were consolidated into a single case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in September ordered all California prison employees to be vaccinated, though the state is fighting the mandate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howard ruled in one of several lawsuits resulting from the San Quentin outbreak, including a federal civil rights lawsuit by the family of 61-year-old Daniel Ruiz, who died, and a proposed Marin County class-action lawsuit on behalf of Steven Malear and what the lawsuit says are at least 1,400 incarcerated people infected at San Quentin .\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "SF and Marin Have Lifted (Some) Indoor Mask Mandates. See the Rules Where You Live and Work",
"title": "SF and Marin Have Lifted (Some) Indoor Mask Mandates. See the Rules Where You Live and Work",
"headTitle": "KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Skip to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#requirements\">Check your county’s indoor masking requirements.\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#whatnext\">When will indoor masking rules change in the Bay Area?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11859829/see-how-many-people-got-the-covid-19-vaccine-in-your-county-so-far\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cstrong>Check the vaccination rate in your county.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Starting Friday, Oct. 15, people who are fully vaccinated against the coronavirus will be allowed to remove their masks in certain indoor settings \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/health/article/New-mask-rules-take-effect-Friday-in-S-F-and-16533957.php\">in San Francisco and Marin counties\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa County this week also announced plans to \u003ca href=\"https://cchealth.org/press-releases/2021/1014-Contra-Costa-to-Lift-Masking-Requirements-in-Some-Indoor-Settings-on-Nov-1.php\">lift indoor masking requirements in specific settings, starting Nov. 1\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, no one will be \u003cem>required\u003c/em> to remove their masks — it’s up to those who are fully vaccinated to assess their own personal health risks in these settings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/MattHaneySF/status/1449030295269769221\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As COVID-19 protocols and masking requirements continue evolving, local mandates are always subject to change. And the best way to get updated information about the latest guidelines where you live is by visiting your \u003ca href=\"#requirements\">county's public health website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11891366 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/RS50436_009_Emeryville_COVIDMasks_07282021-qut-1020x680.jpeg']\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What's different now in San Francisco and Marin?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Starting Oct. 15, San Francisco \u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.sfdph.org/dph/alerts/files/C19-07-Safer-Return-Together-Health-Order.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://sfmayor.org/article/san-francisco-ease-indoor-mask-requirements-certain-indoor-settings-where-stable-groups\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\">will ease indoor masking requirements under certain conditions in the following settings\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"p-rich_text_list p-rich_text_list__bullet\" data-stringify-type=\"unordered-list\" data-indent=\"0\" data-border=\"false\" data-border-radius-top-cap=\"false\" data-border-radius-bottom-cap=\"false\">\n\u003cli data-stringify-indent=\"0\" data-stringify-border=\"0\">Offices\u003c/li>\n\u003cli data-stringify-indent=\"0\" data-stringify-border=\"0\">Gyms and fitness centers\u003c/li>\n\u003cli data-stringify-indent=\"0\" data-stringify-border=\"0\">Employee commuter vehicles\u003c/li>\n\u003cli data-stringify-indent=\"0\" data-stringify-border=\"0\">Religious gatherings\u003c/li>\n\u003cli data-stringify-indent=\"0\" data-stringify-border=\"0\">Indoor classes, lectures or similar gatherings that meet regularly with fewer than 100 people\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Department of Public Health has also \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfdph.org/dph/alerts/files/C19-07-Safer-Return-Together-Health-Order.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">released explicit workplace masking guidance for employers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hosts, employers and business owners in San Francisco wishing to lift masking requirements in their establishments must verify that everyone in that space is fully vaccinated (meaning two weeks have gone by since they got a second dose of the Pfizer or Moderna shot, or a first dose of the Johnson & Johnson) and \u003ca href=\"https://sf.gov/information/masks-and-face-coverings-added-protection-coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">follow specific COVID-19 safety protocols\u003c/a>, like providing proper ventilation, making sure no recent outbreaks have occurred, and checking that everyone age 12 and over is vaccinated and that there are no medical or religious exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, Marin County on Friday also is \u003ca href=\"https://coronavirus.marinhhs.org/order-wearing-face-coverings-workplaces-and-public-settings-exemptions-certain-stable-cohorts-fully\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">easing indoor masking rules in the following settings where there are not more than 100 people\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Indoor offices\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Gyms and fitness centers\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Employee commuter vehicles\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Religious gatherings\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Indoor classes, lectures or similar gatherings that meet regularly\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Marin County is also requiring all hosts, employers or organizers wishing to lift masking rules in their establishments to maintain a list of all individuals present and verify that everyone is fully vaccinated and that the setting is not open to the general public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both San Francisco and Marin are still requiring indoor masking at bars and restaurants (when patrons are not actively eating or drinking), retail stores and in common areas of public buildings, including bathrooms, elevators and lobbies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indoor masking rules have not changed in Alameda, Contra Costa, Napa, San Mateo, Santa Clara and Sonoma counties, which means masks there are still required in all public spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in keeping with \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.ca.gov/masks-and-ppe/\">state public health guidelines\u003c/a>, masks are also still required throughout California on all forms of public transit (ferries, buses, taxis, rideshares and planes) and in transportation hubs, as well in health care settings, shelters and cooling centers, and state and local correctional facilities. They are also still mandated in all K-12 schools, day camps, child care centers and other indoor areas where groups of youth are present.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"whatnext\">\u003c/a>What happens next? \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11891366/bay-area-health-officials-release-plans-for-lifting-indoor-mask-requirements\">Earlier this month\u003c/a>, health officers in Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Clara and Sonoma counties said they would lift masking requirements in select indoor public settings when the following three benchmarks have been reached in their respective regions:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The jurisdiction has moved into the yellow or \"moderate\" COVID-19 transmission tier — as established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) — and remained there for at least three straight weeks.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>COVID-19 hospitalizations are \"low and stable,\" as determined by local health officials.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Eighty percent of each jurisdiction's total population is fully vaccinated, \u003cem>or\u003c/em> eight weeks have passed since the federal emergency authorization of the COVID-19 vaccine for children age 5 to 11.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>These \u003ca href=\"https://www.solanocounty.com/depts/ph/coronavirus.asp\">guidelines do not pertain to Solano County\u003c/a>, which is the only Bay Area county that did not issue a mask mandate in early August when the delta variant led to a surge in new coronavirus cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11859829/see-how-many-people-got-the-covid-19-vaccine-in-your-county-so-far\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>See a map of vaccination rates by county.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca id=\"requirements\">\u003c/a>Check your county's current rules for masks and facial coverings\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Check current local masking guidance — as well as COVID relief and other community resources — on your county's public health website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you work in a different county from the one you live in, be sure to check the rules in both counties to see how your workplace might be affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Alameda County COVID-19 mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/covid19-masks/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">City of Berkeley COVID-19 \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.coronavirus.cchealth.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Contra Costa County COVID-19 \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.coronavirus.cchealth.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> and FAQ\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://coronavirus.marinhhs.org/masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marin County COVID-19 \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://coronavirus.marinhhs.org/masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> and FAQ\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/3224/Face-Covering-FAQs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Napa County COVID-19 \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/3224/Face-Covering-FAQs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> and FAQ\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sf.gov/information/masks-and-face-coverings-added-protection-coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco County COVID-19 \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://sf.gov/information/masks-and-face-coverings-added-protection-coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> and FAQ\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.smchealth.org/coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Mateo County COVID-19 \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.smchealth.org/coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> and FAQ\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://covid19.sccgov.org/learn-what-to-do#howto\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Santa Clara County COVID-19 \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid19.sccgov.org/learn-what-to-do#howto\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> and FAQ\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.solanocounty.com/depts/ph/coronavirus.asp#facecoverings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solano County COVID-19 \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.solanocounty.com/depts/ph/coronavirus.asp#facecoverings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> and FAQ\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://socoemergency.org/emergency/novel-coronavirus/prevention-hygiene/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sonoma County COVID-19 \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://socoemergency.org/emergency/novel-coronavirus/prevention-hygiene/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> and FAQ\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Skip to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#requirements\">Check your county’s indoor masking requirements.\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#whatnext\">When will indoor masking rules change in the Bay Area?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11859829/see-how-many-people-got-the-covid-19-vaccine-in-your-county-so-far\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cstrong>Check the vaccination rate in your county.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Starting Friday, Oct. 15, people who are fully vaccinated against the coronavirus will be allowed to remove their masks in certain indoor settings \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/health/article/New-mask-rules-take-effect-Friday-in-S-F-and-16533957.php\">in San Francisco and Marin counties\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa County this week also announced plans to \u003ca href=\"https://cchealth.org/press-releases/2021/1014-Contra-Costa-to-Lift-Masking-Requirements-in-Some-Indoor-Settings-on-Nov-1.php\">lift indoor masking requirements in specific settings, starting Nov. 1\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, no one will be \u003cem>required\u003c/em> to remove their masks — it’s up to those who are fully vaccinated to assess their own personal health risks in these settings.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>As COVID-19 protocols and masking requirements continue evolving, local mandates are always subject to change. And the best way to get updated information about the latest guidelines where you live is by visiting your \u003ca href=\"#requirements\">county's public health website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What's different now in San Francisco and Marin?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Starting Oct. 15, San Francisco \u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.sfdph.org/dph/alerts/files/C19-07-Safer-Return-Together-Health-Order.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://sfmayor.org/article/san-francisco-ease-indoor-mask-requirements-certain-indoor-settings-where-stable-groups\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\">will ease indoor masking requirements under certain conditions in the following settings\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"p-rich_text_list p-rich_text_list__bullet\" data-stringify-type=\"unordered-list\" data-indent=\"0\" data-border=\"false\" data-border-radius-top-cap=\"false\" data-border-radius-bottom-cap=\"false\">\n\u003cli data-stringify-indent=\"0\" data-stringify-border=\"0\">Offices\u003c/li>\n\u003cli data-stringify-indent=\"0\" data-stringify-border=\"0\">Gyms and fitness centers\u003c/li>\n\u003cli data-stringify-indent=\"0\" data-stringify-border=\"0\">Employee commuter vehicles\u003c/li>\n\u003cli data-stringify-indent=\"0\" data-stringify-border=\"0\">Religious gatherings\u003c/li>\n\u003cli data-stringify-indent=\"0\" data-stringify-border=\"0\">Indoor classes, lectures or similar gatherings that meet regularly with fewer than 100 people\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Department of Public Health has also \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfdph.org/dph/alerts/files/C19-07-Safer-Return-Together-Health-Order.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">released explicit workplace masking guidance for employers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hosts, employers and business owners in San Francisco wishing to lift masking requirements in their establishments must verify that everyone in that space is fully vaccinated (meaning two weeks have gone by since they got a second dose of the Pfizer or Moderna shot, or a first dose of the Johnson & Johnson) and \u003ca href=\"https://sf.gov/information/masks-and-face-coverings-added-protection-coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">follow specific COVID-19 safety protocols\u003c/a>, like providing proper ventilation, making sure no recent outbreaks have occurred, and checking that everyone age 12 and over is vaccinated and that there are no medical or religious exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, Marin County on Friday also is \u003ca href=\"https://coronavirus.marinhhs.org/order-wearing-face-coverings-workplaces-and-public-settings-exemptions-certain-stable-cohorts-fully\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">easing indoor masking rules in the following settings where there are not more than 100 people\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Indoor offices\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Gyms and fitness centers\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Employee commuter vehicles\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Religious gatherings\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Indoor classes, lectures or similar gatherings that meet regularly\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Marin County is also requiring all hosts, employers or organizers wishing to lift masking rules in their establishments to maintain a list of all individuals present and verify that everyone is fully vaccinated and that the setting is not open to the general public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both San Francisco and Marin are still requiring indoor masking at bars and restaurants (when patrons are not actively eating or drinking), retail stores and in common areas of public buildings, including bathrooms, elevators and lobbies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indoor masking rules have not changed in Alameda, Contra Costa, Napa, San Mateo, Santa Clara and Sonoma counties, which means masks there are still required in all public spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in keeping with \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.ca.gov/masks-and-ppe/\">state public health guidelines\u003c/a>, masks are also still required throughout California on all forms of public transit (ferries, buses, taxis, rideshares and planes) and in transportation hubs, as well in health care settings, shelters and cooling centers, and state and local correctional facilities. They are also still mandated in all K-12 schools, day camps, child care centers and other indoor areas where groups of youth are present.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"whatnext\">\u003c/a>What happens next? \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11891366/bay-area-health-officials-release-plans-for-lifting-indoor-mask-requirements\">Earlier this month\u003c/a>, health officers in Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Clara and Sonoma counties said they would lift masking requirements in select indoor public settings when the following three benchmarks have been reached in their respective regions:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The jurisdiction has moved into the yellow or \"moderate\" COVID-19 transmission tier — as established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) — and remained there for at least three straight weeks.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>COVID-19 hospitalizations are \"low and stable,\" as determined by local health officials.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Eighty percent of each jurisdiction's total population is fully vaccinated, \u003cem>or\u003c/em> eight weeks have passed since the federal emergency authorization of the COVID-19 vaccine for children age 5 to 11.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>These \u003ca href=\"https://www.solanocounty.com/depts/ph/coronavirus.asp\">guidelines do not pertain to Solano County\u003c/a>, which is the only Bay Area county that did not issue a mask mandate in early August when the delta variant led to a surge in new coronavirus cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11859829/see-how-many-people-got-the-covid-19-vaccine-in-your-county-so-far\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>See a map of vaccination rates by county.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca id=\"requirements\">\u003c/a>Check your county's current rules for masks and facial coverings\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Check current local masking guidance — as well as COVID relief and other community resources — on your county's public health website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you work in a different county from the one you live in, be sure to check the rules in both counties to see how your workplace might be affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Alameda County COVID-19 mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/covid19-masks/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">City of Berkeley COVID-19 \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.coronavirus.cchealth.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Contra Costa County COVID-19 \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.coronavirus.cchealth.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> and FAQ\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://coronavirus.marinhhs.org/masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marin County COVID-19 \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://coronavirus.marinhhs.org/masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> and FAQ\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/3224/Face-Covering-FAQs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Napa County COVID-19 \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/3224/Face-Covering-FAQs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> and FAQ\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://sf.gov/information/masks-and-face-coverings-added-protection-coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco County COVID-19 \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://sf.gov/information/masks-and-face-coverings-added-protection-coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> and FAQ\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.smchealth.org/coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Mateo County COVID-19 \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.smchealth.org/coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> and FAQ\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://covid19.sccgov.org/learn-what-to-do#howto\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Santa Clara County COVID-19 \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid19.sccgov.org/learn-what-to-do#howto\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> and FAQ\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.solanocounty.com/depts/ph/coronavirus.asp#facecoverings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solano County COVID-19 \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.solanocounty.com/depts/ph/coronavirus.asp#facecoverings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> and FAQ\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://socoemergency.org/emergency/novel-coronavirus/prevention-hygiene/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sonoma County COVID-19 \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://covid-19.acgov.org/face-masks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mask guidance\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://socoemergency.org/emergency/novel-coronavirus/prevention-hygiene/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> and FAQ\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "BART Board OKs Policy Requiring Workers to Get COVID Shots by Mid-December",
"title": "BART Board OKs Policy Requiring Workers to Get COVID Shots by Mid-December",
"headTitle": "KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>BART's Board of Directors approved a policy Thursday that will require transit agency employees to be vaccinated against COVID-19 by mid-December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy — sponsored by board members Rebecca Saltzman, Lateefah Simon, Bevan Dufty and Janice Li — directs BART General Manager Robert Powers to negotiate details of the vaccination requirement with the agency's labor unions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"By adopting this policy today, nobody is getting fired tomorrow,\" Li said during Thursday's meeting, following the board's 8-1 vote in favor of the measure. \"No one is being forced to get the vaccine, but this policy states that being vaccinated is a condition of employment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Janice Li, BART board member\"]'No one is being forced to get the vaccine, but this policy states that being vaccinated is a condition of employment.'[/pullquote]As it currently stands, the policy would cover all employees and board members except those who qualify for exemptions on medical or religious grounds. The measure would also apply to contractors whose employees work on BART property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART says 833 of its roughly 4,000 employees, or 21% of the workforce, have not yet received COVID-19 shots. Saltzman, who represents a transit district that includes parts of Berkeley and Oakland, said last week that unvaccinated transit workers pose a threat to the health of their colleagues and to riders, and could jeopardize the agency's ability to run reliable train service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simon, whose district encompasses slices of Contra Costa, Alameda and San Francisco counties, said passing the policy would send a strong message to BART employees and patrons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I need them to know, and also the women and men and children connected to our employee circle, that we're doing everything possible to prevent preventable death and hospitalization,\" Simon said at Thursday's board meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a number of public commenters at the meeting, including several who identified themselves as BART police officers, as well as the leader of one of the transit agency's biggest unions, voiced opposition to the policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Arantes, president of the BART chapter of SEIU Local 1021, which represents mechanics and custodians, praised the agency for the wide range of measures it has taken to protect workers and riders during the pandemic — including making vaccines available at its larger work sites. But he said the new policy infringes on workers' rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It would be a shame to now take the extreme position to mandate that the workforce be vaccinated and force them to make the choice between losing their jobs or give up their right to freedom of choice,\" Arantes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He urged the agency to consider other alternatives, including requiring testing for unvaccinated workers. Without such a choice, he said, \"I am very concerned with the district's ability to continue to provide safe service for our patrons.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy approved Thursday does not include an option for frequent testing for those who decline to get vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa board member Debora Allen, who cast the only \"no\" vote on the policy, said she took issue with that lack of flexibility, and argued that the agency should not infringe on its employees' medical decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen added that she got fully vaccinated this summer after initially being skeptical that the vaccine's protection would be more robust than the antibodies she acquired from contracting the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think each person should have the right to research and make their own medical decisions as I did without threats from their employer of losing their job,\" she said. \"So I come down on the side of every person making their own choice as to these medical treatments.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"bart\"]Board President Mark Foley, who represents Antioch and eastern Contra Costa, said he empathizes with those who are hesitant to get the COVID vaccine, noting that he opposed some vaccinations for \"more than a decade\" after his then-1-year-old daughter was diagnosed with autism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Foley said he and his daughter are now fully vaccinated against COVID-19, adding that he \"allowed science to lead\" in deciding to also have his daughter receive her other scheduled vaccinations when she entered high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can see where people come from,\" he said. \"I understand. Coming from that perspective, I had doubts, I had concerns. But I also allowed myself to be guided by experts. And I was not the expert, Google was not the expert, fake news was not the expert.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Foley noted that while there is no testing option in the current policy, it also does not prevent the introduction of such a component during bargaining discussions with Powers and BART's labor unions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This policy allows for labor to negotiate over how to protect their members. ... It puts the power in the labor leaders' hands and the general manager to craft a document that helps us move forward,\" he said. \"So I'm going to put my faith in their hands that they can come up with something that meets their needs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The BART board vote comes a day after the AC Transit Board of Directors deadlocked, 3-3, on a proposal to require employees to get vaccinated. The agency has said fewer than half of its operators have gotten COVID-19 shots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, Muni employees are included in a policy requiring all city workers to be fully vaccinated by Nov. 1, or face termination. The city's Municipal Transportation Agency said earlier this month that 640 of its employees had either still not been vaccinated or had failed to report their vaccination status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mass firing of unvaccinated workers would likely force sharp reductions in Muni service, the agency warned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from KQED's Dan Brekke and Bay City News.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>BART's Board of Directors approved a policy Thursday that will require transit agency employees to be vaccinated against COVID-19 by mid-December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy — sponsored by board members Rebecca Saltzman, Lateefah Simon, Bevan Dufty and Janice Li — directs BART General Manager Robert Powers to negotiate details of the vaccination requirement with the agency's labor unions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"By adopting this policy today, nobody is getting fired tomorrow,\" Li said during Thursday's meeting, following the board's 8-1 vote in favor of the measure. \"No one is being forced to get the vaccine, but this policy states that being vaccinated is a condition of employment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>As it currently stands, the policy would cover all employees and board members except those who qualify for exemptions on medical or religious grounds. The measure would also apply to contractors whose employees work on BART property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART says 833 of its roughly 4,000 employees, or 21% of the workforce, have not yet received COVID-19 shots. Saltzman, who represents a transit district that includes parts of Berkeley and Oakland, said last week that unvaccinated transit workers pose a threat to the health of their colleagues and to riders, and could jeopardize the agency's ability to run reliable train service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simon, whose district encompasses slices of Contra Costa, Alameda and San Francisco counties, said passing the policy would send a strong message to BART employees and patrons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I need them to know, and also the women and men and children connected to our employee circle, that we're doing everything possible to prevent preventable death and hospitalization,\" Simon said at Thursday's board meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a number of public commenters at the meeting, including several who identified themselves as BART police officers, as well as the leader of one of the transit agency's biggest unions, voiced opposition to the policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Arantes, president of the BART chapter of SEIU Local 1021, which represents mechanics and custodians, praised the agency for the wide range of measures it has taken to protect workers and riders during the pandemic — including making vaccines available at its larger work sites. But he said the new policy infringes on workers' rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It would be a shame to now take the extreme position to mandate that the workforce be vaccinated and force them to make the choice between losing their jobs or give up their right to freedom of choice,\" Arantes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He urged the agency to consider other alternatives, including requiring testing for unvaccinated workers. Without such a choice, he said, \"I am very concerned with the district's ability to continue to provide safe service for our patrons.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy approved Thursday does not include an option for frequent testing for those who decline to get vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa board member Debora Allen, who cast the only \"no\" vote on the policy, said she took issue with that lack of flexibility, and argued that the agency should not infringe on its employees' medical decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allen added that she got fully vaccinated this summer after initially being skeptical that the vaccine's protection would be more robust than the antibodies she acquired from contracting the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think each person should have the right to research and make their own medical decisions as I did without threats from their employer of losing their job,\" she said. \"So I come down on the side of every person making their own choice as to these medical treatments.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Board President Mark Foley, who represents Antioch and eastern Contra Costa, said he empathizes with those who are hesitant to get the COVID vaccine, noting that he opposed some vaccinations for \"more than a decade\" after his then-1-year-old daughter was diagnosed with autism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Foley said he and his daughter are now fully vaccinated against COVID-19, adding that he \"allowed science to lead\" in deciding to also have his daughter receive her other scheduled vaccinations when she entered high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can see where people come from,\" he said. \"I understand. Coming from that perspective, I had doubts, I had concerns. But I also allowed myself to be guided by experts. And I was not the expert, Google was not the expert, fake news was not the expert.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Foley noted that while there is no testing option in the current policy, it also does not prevent the introduction of such a component during bargaining discussions with Powers and BART's labor unions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This policy allows for labor to negotiate over how to protect their members. ... It puts the power in the labor leaders' hands and the general manager to craft a document that helps us move forward,\" he said. \"So I'm going to put my faith in their hands that they can come up with something that meets their needs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The BART board vote comes a day after the AC Transit Board of Directors deadlocked, 3-3, on a proposal to require employees to get vaccinated. The agency has said fewer than half of its operators have gotten COVID-19 shots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, Muni employees are included in a policy requiring all city workers to be fully vaccinated by Nov. 1, or face termination. The city's Municipal Transportation Agency said earlier this month that 640 of its employees had either still not been vaccinated or had failed to report their vaccination status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mass firing of unvaccinated workers would likely force sharp reductions in Muni service, the agency warned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from KQED's Dan Brekke and Bay City News.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Conventional wisdom says that if you’re vaccinated and you get a breakthrough infection with the coronavirus, you can transmit that infection to someone else and make that person sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But new evidence suggests that even though that may happen on occasion, breakthrough infections might not represent the threat to others that scientists originally thought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ross Kedl, an immunologist at the University of Colorado School of Medicine, will point out to anyone who cares to listen that basic immunology suggests the virus of a vaccinated person who gets infected will be different from the virus of an infected unvaccinated person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because vaccinated people have already made antibodies to the coronavirus. Even if those antibodies don’t prevent infection, they still “should be coating that virus with antibody and therefore helping prevent excessive downstream transmission,” Kedl says. And a virus coated with antibodies won’t be as infectious as a virus not coated in antibodies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11892099\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11892099 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/GettyImages-1344323368-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A woman sits at a table in the corner of a high-ceilinged room, beyond some chairs for waiting.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/GettyImages-1344323368-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/GettyImages-1344323368-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/GettyImages-1344323368-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/GettyImages-1344323368-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/GettyImages-1344323368-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/GettyImages-1344323368-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/GettyImages-1344323368-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A pharmacist fills a syringe with the Pfizer COVID-19 booster vaccination at a vaccination booster shot clinic on Oct. 1, 2021, in San Rafael. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Not enough evidence\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In Provincetown, Mass., this summer, a lot of vaccinated people got infected with the coronavirus, leading many to assume that this was an example of vaccinated people with breakthrough infections giving their infection to other vaccinated people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kedl isn’t convinced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In all these cases where you have these big breakthrough infections, there’s always unvaccinated people in the room,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Ross Kedl, University of Colorado School of Medicine\"]‘In all these cases where you have these big breakthrough infections, there’s always unvaccinated people in the room.’[/pullquote]In a recent Israeli study of breakthrough infections among health care workers, the researchers report that in “all 37 case patients for whom data were available regarding the source of infection, the suspected source was an unvaccinated person.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard to prove that an infected vaccinated person actually was responsible for transmitting their infection to someone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have seen no one report actually trying to trace whether or not the people who were vaccinated who got infected are downstream — and certainly only could be downstream — of another vaccinated person,” Kedl says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s new laboratory evidence supporting Kedl’s supposition. Initially, most vaccine experts predicted that mRNA vaccines like the ones made by Pfizer and Moderna that are injected into someone’s arm muscle would generate only the kinds of antibodies that circulate throughout the body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that might not be the whole story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think what was the big surprise here is that the mRNA vaccines are going beyond that,” says Michal Caspi Tal, until recently an instructor at Stanford University’s Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and now a visiting scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What Tal has found is that in addition to the circulating antibodies, there was a surprisingly large amount of antibodies in mucosal membranes in the nose and mouth, two of the primary entry points for the coronavirus.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>“We’re not sitting ducks”\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Immunologist Jennifer Gommerman of the University of Toronto found this as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first example where we can show that a local mucosal immune response is made, even though the person got the vaccine in an intramuscular delivery,” Gommerman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If there are antibodies in the mucosal membranes, they would likely be coating any virus that got into the nose or throat. So any virus that was exhaled by a sneeze or a cough would likely be less infectious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gommerman says that until now, it seemed likely that a vaccine that was delivered directly to the mucosal tissue was the only way to generate antibodies in the nose or throat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Obviously a mucosal vaccination would be great, too. But at least we’re not sitting ducks,” Gommerman says. “Otherwise everyone would be getting breakthrough infection.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These studies by Gommerman and Tal have yet to undergo peer review, and some already have suggested that the antibodies they have described may not confer true mucosal immunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s other evidence that a vaccinated person’s breakthrough infection may not transmit efficiently to others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marion Pepper, an immunologist at the University of Washington, says a recent study from the Netherlands looked at how well virus from vaccinated people could infect cells in the lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pepper says the answer was not well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you actually isolate virus from people who are getting a secondary infection after being vaccinated, that virus is less good at infecting cells,” Pepper says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label ='More Coverage' tag='coronavirus']“It’s not known why. Is it covered with an antibody? Maybe,” she said. “Has it been hit by some other kind of immune mediators, cytokines, things like that? Maybe. Nobody really knows. But the virus does seem to be less viable coming from a vaccinated person.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More studies are emerging that suggest there’s something different about the virus coming from a vaccinated person, something that may help prevent transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever it is, the University of Colorado’s Kedl says it’s one more reason that getting vaccinated is a good idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because you’re going to be even more protected yourself. And you’re going to be better off protecting other people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kedl says that’s what you call a win-win situation.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Conventional wisdom says that if you’re vaccinated and you get a breakthrough infection with the coronavirus, you can transmit that infection to someone else and make that person sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But new evidence suggests that even though that may happen on occasion, breakthrough infections might not represent the threat to others that scientists originally thought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ross Kedl, an immunologist at the University of Colorado School of Medicine, will point out to anyone who cares to listen that basic immunology suggests the virus of a vaccinated person who gets infected will be different from the virus of an infected unvaccinated person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because vaccinated people have already made antibodies to the coronavirus. Even if those antibodies don’t prevent infection, they still “should be coating that virus with antibody and therefore helping prevent excessive downstream transmission,” Kedl says. And a virus coated with antibodies won’t be as infectious as a virus not coated in antibodies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11892099\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11892099 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/GettyImages-1344323368-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A woman sits at a table in the corner of a high-ceilinged room, beyond some chairs for waiting.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/GettyImages-1344323368-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/GettyImages-1344323368-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/GettyImages-1344323368-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/GettyImages-1344323368-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/GettyImages-1344323368-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/GettyImages-1344323368-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/GettyImages-1344323368-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A pharmacist fills a syringe with the Pfizer COVID-19 booster vaccination at a vaccination booster shot clinic on Oct. 1, 2021, in San Rafael. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Not enough evidence\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In Provincetown, Mass., this summer, a lot of vaccinated people got infected with the coronavirus, leading many to assume that this was an example of vaccinated people with breakthrough infections giving their infection to other vaccinated people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kedl isn’t convinced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In all these cases where you have these big breakthrough infections, there’s always unvaccinated people in the room,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In a recent Israeli study of breakthrough infections among health care workers, the researchers report that in “all 37 case patients for whom data were available regarding the source of infection, the suspected source was an unvaccinated person.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard to prove that an infected vaccinated person actually was responsible for transmitting their infection to someone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have seen no one report actually trying to trace whether or not the people who were vaccinated who got infected are downstream — and certainly only could be downstream — of another vaccinated person,” Kedl says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s new laboratory evidence supporting Kedl’s supposition. Initially, most vaccine experts predicted that mRNA vaccines like the ones made by Pfizer and Moderna that are injected into someone’s arm muscle would generate only the kinds of antibodies that circulate throughout the body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that might not be the whole story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think what was the big surprise here is that the mRNA vaccines are going beyond that,” says Michal Caspi Tal, until recently an instructor at Stanford University’s Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and now a visiting scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What Tal has found is that in addition to the circulating antibodies, there was a surprisingly large amount of antibodies in mucosal membranes in the nose and mouth, two of the primary entry points for the coronavirus.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>“We’re not sitting ducks”\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Immunologist Jennifer Gommerman of the University of Toronto found this as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first example where we can show that a local mucosal immune response is made, even though the person got the vaccine in an intramuscular delivery,” Gommerman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If there are antibodies in the mucosal membranes, they would likely be coating any virus that got into the nose or throat. So any virus that was exhaled by a sneeze or a cough would likely be less infectious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gommerman says that until now, it seemed likely that a vaccine that was delivered directly to the mucosal tissue was the only way to generate antibodies in the nose or throat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Obviously a mucosal vaccination would be great, too. But at least we’re not sitting ducks,” Gommerman says. “Otherwise everyone would be getting breakthrough infection.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These studies by Gommerman and Tal have yet to undergo peer review, and some already have suggested that the antibodies they have described may not confer true mucosal immunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s other evidence that a vaccinated person’s breakthrough infection may not transmit efficiently to others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marion Pepper, an immunologist at the University of Washington, says a recent study from the Netherlands looked at how well virus from vaccinated people could infect cells in the lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pepper says the answer was not well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you actually isolate virus from people who are getting a secondary infection after being vaccinated, that virus is less good at infecting cells,” Pepper says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It’s not known why. Is it covered with an antibody? Maybe,” she said. “Has it been hit by some other kind of immune mediators, cytokines, things like that? Maybe. Nobody really knows. But the virus does seem to be less viable coming from a vaccinated person.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More studies are emerging that suggest there’s something different about the virus coming from a vaccinated person, something that may help prevent transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever it is, the University of Colorado’s Kedl says it’s one more reason that getting vaccinated is a good idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because you’re going to be even more protected yourself. And you’re going to be better off protecting other people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kedl says that’s what you call a win-win situation.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The U.S. will reopen its land borders with Canada and Mexico to nonessential travel next month, ending a 19-month freeze due to the COVID-19 pandemic as the country moves to require all international visitors to be vaccinated against the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vehicle, rail and ferry travel between the U.S. and Canada and Mexico has been largely restricted to essential travel, such as trade, since the earliest days of the pandemic. The new rules, announced Wednesday, will allow fully vaccinated foreign nationals to enter the U.S. regardless of the reason for travel starting in early November, when a similar easing of restrictions is set to kick in for air travel into the country. By mid-January, even essential travelers seeking to enter the U.S., like truck drivers, will need to be fully vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Mexico and Canada have pressed the U.S. for months to ease restrictions on travel that have separated families and curtailed leisure trips since the onset of the pandemic. The latest move follows last month’s announcement that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11889103/white-house-to-lift-travel-restrictions-into-u-s-for-vaccinated-foreign-nationals\">the U.S. will end country-based travel bans for air travel\u003c/a> and instead require vaccination for foreign nationals seeking to enter by plane.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"ap-sans-medium pt-0\">Reactions from the borders\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Families separated by COVID-19 restrictions and beleaguered business owners rejoiced Wednesday after the announcement that the U.S. will be reopening its land borders next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ban has had enormous social and cultural impact, preventing family gatherings when relatives live on different sides of the border. Community events have stalled even as cities away from U.S. borders have inched toward normalcy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a win for families who’ve been separated and businesses and tourism industries whose operations have been blocked since the start of the pandemic,” said U.S. Sen. Jeanne Shaheen of New Hampshire, echoing reactions of other federal, state and local officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Travel across land borders from Canada and Mexico has been largely restricted to workers whose jobs are deemed essential. That’s hurt business as well as families: In Del Rio, Texas, Mexican visitors account for about 65% of retail sales, said Blanca Larson, executive director of the chamber of commerce and visitors bureau in the city of 35,000 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Along the border, we’re like more of one community than two different communities,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shopping malls and big box retailers in U.S. border towns whose parking spaces had been filled by cars with Mexican license plates were hit hard by travel restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego Mayor Todd Gloria said the economic impact was hard to quantify but can be seen in the sparse presence of shoppers at a high-end outlet mall on the city’s border with Tijuana, Mexico. The decision comes at a critical time ahead of the holiday shopping season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cross-border traffic has plummeted since the pandemic, according to U.S. Department of Transportation figures. The number of vehicle passengers entering the U.S. in Niagara Falls, New York — the busiest land crossing on the Canadian border — fell 83% to 1.7 million in 2020 and has remained low this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Losing those customers over the last 18 months has been one of the primary reasons our hotels, restaurants and attractions have been suffering,” said Patrick Kaler, president and chief executive of Visit Buffalo Niagara, the area’s tourism agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A change coming in November\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Senior administration officials had previewed the new land border policy late Tuesday. Both policies will take effect in early November, the officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas said he was “pleased to be taking steps to resume regular travel in a safe and sustainable manner” and lauded the economic benefits of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11892084\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11892084 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/21286116136823.jpg\" alt=\"A semi waits along a brown, snowy verge to drive through a multilane border crossing, with red neon signs and bright yellow pillars.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/21286116136823.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/21286116136823-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/21286116136823-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/21286116136823-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Truck traffic from Canada waits to cross the border into the United States in Derby Line, Vt. \u003ccite>(AP Photo/Wilson Ring, File)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Travelers entering the U.S. by vehicle, rail and ferry will be asked about their vaccination status as part of the standard U.S. Customs and Border Protection admissions process. At officers’ discretion, travelers will have their proof of vaccination verified in a secondary screening process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/world/covid-vaccinations-tracker.html\">The New York Times’s worldwide COVID vaccination tracker\u003c/a>, 38% of Mexico’s population is now fully vaccinated, with 52% having received at least one dose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/world/covid-vaccinations-tracker.html\">In Canada, 78% of the population is fully vaccinated\u003c/a>, with 73% having received at least one dose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike air travel, for which \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11889103/white-house-to-lift-travel-restrictions-into-u-s-for-vaccinated-foreign-nationals\">proof of a negative COVID-19 test is required before boarding a flight to enter the U.S.\u003c/a>, no testing will be required to enter the U.S. by land or sea, provided the travelers meet the vaccination requirement.\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[aside postID=news_11889103 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ap_20356426057383_wide-98752bc8b567be49d890ab1dfe1683872a9d8a8f-1020x574.jpg']\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the U.S. will accept travelers who have been fully vaccinated with any of the vaccines approved for emergency use by the World Health Organization, not just those in use in the U.S. That means that the AstraZeneca vaccine, widely used in Canada, will be accepted.\u003cbr>\nOfficials said the CDC was still working to formalize procedures for admitting those who received doses of two different vaccines, as was fairly common in Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delay in the vaccination requirement for essential cross-border travel is meant to provide truck drivers and others with additional time to get a shot and minimize potential economic disruption from the vaccination mandate, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new rules only apply to legal entry to the U.S. Officials cautioned that those seeking to enter illegally will still be subject to expulsion under so-called Title 42 authority, first invoked by former President Donald Trump, that has drawn criticism from immigration advocates for swiftly removing migrants before they can seek asylum. One of the officials who previewed the announcement said the U.S. was continuing the policy because cramped conditions in border patrol facilities pose a COVID-19 threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11889103/white-house-to-lift-travel-restrictions-into-u-s-for-vaccinated-foreign-nationals\">Read more about the loosening of air travel into the U.S. coming in November.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How travel rules are shifting\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>All told, the new procedures move toward a policy based on the risk profiles of individuals, rather than less targeted country-based bans.\u003cbr>\nThe vaccination requirement for foreign nationals comes as the White House has moved to impose sweeping vaccination-or-testing requirements affecting as many as 100 million people in the U.S. in an effort to encourage people who are holding out to get shots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, the U.S. Department of Labor completed the initial draft of an emergency regulation that will require employers of 100 workers or more to demand their employees be vaccinated against COVID-19 or tested weekly. The Office of Management and Budget is now reviewing the order before its implementation.\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[pullquote size='medium' align='right']The new procedures move toward a policy based on the risk profiles of individuals, rather than less targeted country-based bans.[/pullquote]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move toward restoring regular travel comes as COVID-19 cases in the U.S. have dropped to about 85,000 per day, the lowest level since July, following a spike from the more transmissible delta variant of the virus. Per capita case rates in Canada and Mexico have been markedly lower in the two countries than the U.S. for the duration of the pandemic, which amplified frustrations about the U.S. restrictions on travel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico has not put in place any COVID-19 entry procedures for travelers. Canada allows entry of fully vaccinated individuals with proof of vaccination against COVID-19 as well as proof of a negative test conducted within 72 hours of entry to the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writers Rob Gillies, Juan A. Lozano, Wilson Ring, Ed White and Carolyn Thompson contributed to this story, with KQED’s Carly Severn.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The U.S. will reopen its land borders with Canada and Mexico to nonessential travel next month, ending a 19-month freeze due to the COVID-19 pandemic as the country moves to require all international visitors to be vaccinated against the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vehicle, rail and ferry travel between the U.S. and Canada and Mexico has been largely restricted to essential travel, such as trade, since the earliest days of the pandemic. The new rules, announced Wednesday, will allow fully vaccinated foreign nationals to enter the U.S. regardless of the reason for travel starting in early November, when a similar easing of restrictions is set to kick in for air travel into the country. By mid-January, even essential travelers seeking to enter the U.S., like truck drivers, will need to be fully vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Mexico and Canada have pressed the U.S. for months to ease restrictions on travel that have separated families and curtailed leisure trips since the onset of the pandemic. The latest move follows last month’s announcement that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11889103/white-house-to-lift-travel-restrictions-into-u-s-for-vaccinated-foreign-nationals\">the U.S. will end country-based travel bans for air travel\u003c/a> and instead require vaccination for foreign nationals seeking to enter by plane.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"ap-sans-medium pt-0\">Reactions from the borders\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Families separated by COVID-19 restrictions and beleaguered business owners rejoiced Wednesday after the announcement that the U.S. will be reopening its land borders next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ban has had enormous social and cultural impact, preventing family gatherings when relatives live on different sides of the border. Community events have stalled even as cities away from U.S. borders have inched toward normalcy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a win for families who’ve been separated and businesses and tourism industries whose operations have been blocked since the start of the pandemic,” said U.S. Sen. Jeanne Shaheen of New Hampshire, echoing reactions of other federal, state and local officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Travel across land borders from Canada and Mexico has been largely restricted to workers whose jobs are deemed essential. That’s hurt business as well as families: In Del Rio, Texas, Mexican visitors account for about 65% of retail sales, said Blanca Larson, executive director of the chamber of commerce and visitors bureau in the city of 35,000 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Along the border, we’re like more of one community than two different communities,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shopping malls and big box retailers in U.S. border towns whose parking spaces had been filled by cars with Mexican license plates were hit hard by travel restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego Mayor Todd Gloria said the economic impact was hard to quantify but can be seen in the sparse presence of shoppers at a high-end outlet mall on the city’s border with Tijuana, Mexico. The decision comes at a critical time ahead of the holiday shopping season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cross-border traffic has plummeted since the pandemic, according to U.S. Department of Transportation figures. The number of vehicle passengers entering the U.S. in Niagara Falls, New York — the busiest land crossing on the Canadian border — fell 83% to 1.7 million in 2020 and has remained low this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Losing those customers over the last 18 months has been one of the primary reasons our hotels, restaurants and attractions have been suffering,” said Patrick Kaler, president and chief executive of Visit Buffalo Niagara, the area’s tourism agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A change coming in November\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Senior administration officials had previewed the new land border policy late Tuesday. Both policies will take effect in early November, the officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas said he was “pleased to be taking steps to resume regular travel in a safe and sustainable manner” and lauded the economic benefits of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11892084\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11892084 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/21286116136823.jpg\" alt=\"A semi waits along a brown, snowy verge to drive through a multilane border crossing, with red neon signs and bright yellow pillars.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/21286116136823.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/21286116136823-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/21286116136823-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/21286116136823-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Truck traffic from Canada waits to cross the border into the United States in Derby Line, Vt. \u003ccite>(AP Photo/Wilson Ring, File)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Travelers entering the U.S. by vehicle, rail and ferry will be asked about their vaccination status as part of the standard U.S. Customs and Border Protection admissions process. At officers’ discretion, travelers will have their proof of vaccination verified in a secondary screening process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/world/covid-vaccinations-tracker.html\">The New York Times’s worldwide COVID vaccination tracker\u003c/a>, 38% of Mexico’s population is now fully vaccinated, with 52% having received at least one dose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/world/covid-vaccinations-tracker.html\">In Canada, 78% of the population is fully vaccinated\u003c/a>, with 73% having received at least one dose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike air travel, for which \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11889103/white-house-to-lift-travel-restrictions-into-u-s-for-vaccinated-foreign-nationals\">proof of a negative COVID-19 test is required before boarding a flight to enter the U.S.\u003c/a>, no testing will be required to enter the U.S. by land or sea, provided the travelers meet the vaccination requirement.\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the U.S. will accept travelers who have been fully vaccinated with any of the vaccines approved for emergency use by the World Health Organization, not just those in use in the U.S. That means that the AstraZeneca vaccine, widely used in Canada, will be accepted.\u003cbr>\nOfficials said the CDC was still working to formalize procedures for admitting those who received doses of two different vaccines, as was fairly common in Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delay in the vaccination requirement for essential cross-border travel is meant to provide truck drivers and others with additional time to get a shot and minimize potential economic disruption from the vaccination mandate, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new rules only apply to legal entry to the U.S. Officials cautioned that those seeking to enter illegally will still be subject to expulsion under so-called Title 42 authority, first invoked by former President Donald Trump, that has drawn criticism from immigration advocates for swiftly removing migrants before they can seek asylum. One of the officials who previewed the announcement said the U.S. was continuing the policy because cramped conditions in border patrol facilities pose a COVID-19 threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11889103/white-house-to-lift-travel-restrictions-into-u-s-for-vaccinated-foreign-nationals\">Read more about the loosening of air travel into the U.S. coming in November.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How travel rules are shifting\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>All told, the new procedures move toward a policy based on the risk profiles of individuals, rather than less targeted country-based bans.\u003cbr>\nThe vaccination requirement for foreign nationals comes as the White House has moved to impose sweeping vaccination-or-testing requirements affecting as many as 100 million people in the U.S. in an effort to encourage people who are holding out to get shots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, the U.S. Department of Labor completed the initial draft of an emergency regulation that will require employers of 100 workers or more to demand their employees be vaccinated against COVID-19 or tested weekly. The Office of Management and Budget is now reviewing the order before its implementation.\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move toward restoring regular travel comes as COVID-19 cases in the U.S. have dropped to about 85,000 per day, the lowest level since July, following a spike from the more transmissible delta variant of the virus. Per capita case rates in Canada and Mexico have been markedly lower in the two countries than the U.S. for the duration of the pandemic, which amplified frustrations about the U.S. restrictions on travel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico has not put in place any COVID-19 entry procedures for travelers. Canada allows entry of fully vaccinated individuals with proof of vaccination against COVID-19 as well as proof of a negative test conducted within 72 hours of entry to the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writers Rob Gillies, Juan A. Lozano, Wilson Ring, Ed White and Carolyn Thompson contributed to this story, with KQED’s Carly Severn.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Local Instead of Far-Flung. Americans Are Traveling in Ways Shaped by the Pandemic",
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"content": "\u003cp>After surging coronavirus cases during the spring scuttled a much-anticipated cruise trip to Montreal, Nate Burglewski and his extended family really wanted to gather this summer — while also staying safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trip had to meet a few requirements: a destination that wasn't too far for elderly relatives in the Midwest, had strict local coronavirus safety measures, and offered lots of outdoor activities. Burglewski and his wife live in upstate New York, while other relatives are scattered around the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everyone is vaccinated, and got them as early as we could. With the delta variant we still decided to be very cautious. We did self-quarantines and all got tested the week before,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They ended up meeting in Indiana, renting a vacation home and spending a lot of time outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It all worked out,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After losing out on big trips in 2020 due to the pandemic, lots of Americans are making similar decisions — and making up for lost time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"After more than a year of isolation or being limited to local activities, people showed this pent-up demand for travel,\" says Larry Yu, a professor of hospitality management at George Washington University. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Larry Yu, hospitality management professor, George Washington University\"]'After more than a year of isolation or being limited to local activities, people showed this pent-up demand for travel.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This strong desire to travel has driven new trends in the industry — some of which may be here to stay. Like Burglewski's family, people are flocking to outdoor activities, rural areas and private vacation rentals, many with less interest in hotels and international and urban destinations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And early evidence shows that despite the delta variant and still-high cases of infection in the U.S., Americans are planning to continue to travel from now to the end of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We fully expect that leisure demand, especially on the weekends, continues to be strong in the fall and winter,\" says Jan Freitag, director of hospitality analytics in the U.S. for CoStar Group.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>After a big drop, the industry shows signs of recovery\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It's a big change from the earlier months of the pandemic, when the industry took a massive hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the U.S., travel spending plummeted by nearly $500 billion, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ustravel.org/research/fact-sheet-travels-dramatic-losses-2020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S. Travel Association\u003c/a>. Thousands of jobs were lost as well: \u003ca href=\"https://www.ustravel.org/toolkit/power-travel-coalition-advocacy-toolkit\">Sixty-five percent of all U.S. jobs lost in 2020 were supported by travel.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be sure, pandemic uncertainty is still causing some whiplash for businesses. Just last month, Southwest Airlines and other \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/18/1038222049/economy-delta-travel-restaurants-vacation-uber-airbnb-southwestairlines\">businesses reported they would pull back\u003c/a> this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the U.S. travel sector is bouncing back from its pandemic lows, businesses and experts say. The travel association reports that travel spending is inching back up to 2019 levels. Hotel occupancy this summer recovered to just shy of pre-pandemic numbers: nearly 70% in July this year, compared to 73% during July 2019, according to STR, which provides data and research on the global hospitality industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Airline bookings — at least domestically — also are approaching pre-pandemic levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rollout of vaccinations has made a big difference, says Paula Twidale, senior vice president of AAA Travel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The travel agency has \"been experiencing a travel boom all year,\" she says. \"The domestic travel increase has been phenomenal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Americans are traveling in ways shaped by the pandemic\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Burglewski's family vacation in Nashville, Indiana, reflects many of the new realities. Most family members wore masks indoors and stayed outside as much as possible. They hiked and played four square at a nearby playground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They chose a rental home — with a porch to gather on — over a big hotel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We feel like we can control the environment more,\" Burglewski says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Some people in the family still really want to do a cruise,\" he says, \"but others said they don't think they would ever be comfortable doing something like that again.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other Americans were making similar choices over the summer — and in record numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Vrbo has experienced its best year ever,\" says Melanie Fish, a company spokesperson. That makes a lot of sense, she says, because private vacation homes in the U.S. were in high demand during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Families also stayed longer. For instance, Airbnb has seen a rise in families renting properties for three- and four-day weekends. That's been easier because so many companies have delayed returning to the office or \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/05/06/994123311/google-adapts-to-long-term-telework-offers-employees-hybrid-work-week\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">announced flexible workweeks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Travelers chose mountains over skyscrapers\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Where travelers are going also is changing. Coastal areas have been popular, says Yu, the George Washington professor, with more people taking advantage of kayaking, boating or canoeing activities. Small towns are popular, too. For instance, \u003ca href=\"https://news.airbnb.com/2021-travel-report/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">42% of the nights booked by families\u003c/a> on Airbnb this summer were in rural destinations, up from 32% two years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's been big growth in those areas,\" says Christopher Nulty, Airbnb's public affairs director. Early in the pandemic, he notes, \"people were forced to travel to destinations a car ride away and they were able to find that great places exist just a tank of gas away.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vrbo experienced similar demand for more local travel. \u003ca href=\"https://www.vrbo.com/media-center/press-releases/2021/vrbo-reports-another-boom-in-drivable-destinations\">Trips of 250 miles or less in July and August increased\u003c/a> by over 20% compared to the same time in 2019, according to the company's latest data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The greater emphasis on nature and outdoor activities is reflected in the popularity of U.S. national parks. Since seeing a major drop-off in visitors in the early months of the pandemic, the National Park Service has experienced a healthy system-wide rebound in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yellowstone National Park, for instance, had 921,844 visitors in August 2021, making it \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yell/learn/news/21026.htm\">the most-visited August on record\u003c/a> and outpacing the pre-pandemic total for the same month by 12%, according to the NPS.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Experts predict a busy fall and winter\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Though coronavirus cases have been declining and some foreign countries have reopened, U.S. travelers are staying cautious and, for now, close to home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The delta variant will continue to put a small damper on corporate demand, but the American consumers are seemingly undeterred,\" Freitag with CoStar Group, says. \"And as delta cases decline, we expect that leisure demand will hold.\" [aside tag=\"travel, tourism\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.aaa.com/2021/09/pandemic-prompts-more-americans-to-consider-travel-insurance/\">More than 50% of American adults plan to take a domestic vacation before the end of 2022\u003c/a>, according to AAA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vrbo's outlook for this fall and winter also is looking good, with \"heightened demand\" for homes in December compared to previous years, says Nancy Lien, a company spokesperson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"\u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.vrbo.com/media-center/press-releases/2021/christmas-in-july-vrbo-data-reveals-rush-to-book-december-vacations__;!!Iwwt!G2wsW_Q4Oc6B-q3QgwEQMrktQLAeqzN3i3DB8oHHhXWPuk23nNCUxTiVqS4%24\">Demand for holiday bookings started picking up\u003c/a> as early as July,\" she says. \"Warmer destinations like the Florida Keys and Naples, Florida, have fewer than 30% of Vrbo homes remaining during Christmas week.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ski destinations in the U.S. are a top choice as well. Vrbo reports that demand for popular ski spots in Breckenridge, Colorado, and surrounding areas are up over 40% compared to the same period in 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those who will contribute to the continuing travel surge will be Burglewski and his wife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are making up for lost time and taking those trips we've put off,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Christmas, they'll fly to Florida for a 10-day stay. In the new year, the couple plans to visit Yellowstone for a delayed anniversary trip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=U.S.+travelers+are+back+in+the+saddle+again.+But+they%27ve+adapted+to+a+new+reality&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After surging coronavirus cases during the spring scuttled a much-anticipated cruise trip to Montreal, Nate Burglewski and his extended family really wanted to gather this summer — while also staying safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trip had to meet a few requirements: a destination that wasn't too far for elderly relatives in the Midwest, had strict local coronavirus safety measures, and offered lots of outdoor activities. Burglewski and his wife live in upstate New York, while other relatives are scattered around the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everyone is vaccinated, and got them as early as we could. With the delta variant we still decided to be very cautious. We did self-quarantines and all got tested the week before,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They ended up meeting in Indiana, renting a vacation home and spending a lot of time outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It all worked out,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After losing out on big trips in 2020 due to the pandemic, lots of Americans are making similar decisions — and making up for lost time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"After more than a year of isolation or being limited to local activities, people showed this pent-up demand for travel,\" says Larry Yu, a professor of hospitality management at George Washington University. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This strong desire to travel has driven new trends in the industry — some of which may be here to stay. Like Burglewski's family, people are flocking to outdoor activities, rural areas and private vacation rentals, many with less interest in hotels and international and urban destinations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And early evidence shows that despite the delta variant and still-high cases of infection in the U.S., Americans are planning to continue to travel from now to the end of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We fully expect that leisure demand, especially on the weekends, continues to be strong in the fall and winter,\" says Jan Freitag, director of hospitality analytics in the U.S. for CoStar Group.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>After a big drop, the industry shows signs of recovery\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It's a big change from the earlier months of the pandemic, when the industry took a massive hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the U.S., travel spending plummeted by nearly $500 billion, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ustravel.org/research/fact-sheet-travels-dramatic-losses-2020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S. Travel Association\u003c/a>. Thousands of jobs were lost as well: \u003ca href=\"https://www.ustravel.org/toolkit/power-travel-coalition-advocacy-toolkit\">Sixty-five percent of all U.S. jobs lost in 2020 were supported by travel.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be sure, pandemic uncertainty is still causing some whiplash for businesses. Just last month, Southwest Airlines and other \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/18/1038222049/economy-delta-travel-restaurants-vacation-uber-airbnb-southwestairlines\">businesses reported they would pull back\u003c/a> this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the U.S. travel sector is bouncing back from its pandemic lows, businesses and experts say. The travel association reports that travel spending is inching back up to 2019 levels. Hotel occupancy this summer recovered to just shy of pre-pandemic numbers: nearly 70% in July this year, compared to 73% during July 2019, according to STR, which provides data and research on the global hospitality industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Airline bookings — at least domestically — also are approaching pre-pandemic levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rollout of vaccinations has made a big difference, says Paula Twidale, senior vice president of AAA Travel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The travel agency has \"been experiencing a travel boom all year,\" she says. \"The domestic travel increase has been phenomenal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Americans are traveling in ways shaped by the pandemic\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Burglewski's family vacation in Nashville, Indiana, reflects many of the new realities. Most family members wore masks indoors and stayed outside as much as possible. They hiked and played four square at a nearby playground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They chose a rental home — with a porch to gather on — over a big hotel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We feel like we can control the environment more,\" Burglewski says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Some people in the family still really want to do a cruise,\" he says, \"but others said they don't think they would ever be comfortable doing something like that again.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other Americans were making similar choices over the summer — and in record numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Vrbo has experienced its best year ever,\" says Melanie Fish, a company spokesperson. That makes a lot of sense, she says, because private vacation homes in the U.S. were in high demand during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Families also stayed longer. For instance, Airbnb has seen a rise in families renting properties for three- and four-day weekends. That's been easier because so many companies have delayed returning to the office or \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/05/06/994123311/google-adapts-to-long-term-telework-offers-employees-hybrid-work-week\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">announced flexible workweeks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Travelers chose mountains over skyscrapers\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Where travelers are going also is changing. Coastal areas have been popular, says Yu, the George Washington professor, with more people taking advantage of kayaking, boating or canoeing activities. Small towns are popular, too. For instance, \u003ca href=\"https://news.airbnb.com/2021-travel-report/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">42% of the nights booked by families\u003c/a> on Airbnb this summer were in rural destinations, up from 32% two years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's been big growth in those areas,\" says Christopher Nulty, Airbnb's public affairs director. Early in the pandemic, he notes, \"people were forced to travel to destinations a car ride away and they were able to find that great places exist just a tank of gas away.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vrbo experienced similar demand for more local travel. \u003ca href=\"https://www.vrbo.com/media-center/press-releases/2021/vrbo-reports-another-boom-in-drivable-destinations\">Trips of 250 miles or less in July and August increased\u003c/a> by over 20% compared to the same time in 2019, according to the company's latest data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The greater emphasis on nature and outdoor activities is reflected in the popularity of U.S. national parks. Since seeing a major drop-off in visitors in the early months of the pandemic, the National Park Service has experienced a healthy system-wide rebound in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yellowstone National Park, for instance, had 921,844 visitors in August 2021, making it \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yell/learn/news/21026.htm\">the most-visited August on record\u003c/a> and outpacing the pre-pandemic total for the same month by 12%, according to the NPS.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Experts predict a busy fall and winter\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Though coronavirus cases have been declining and some foreign countries have reopened, U.S. travelers are staying cautious and, for now, close to home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The delta variant will continue to put a small damper on corporate demand, but the American consumers are seemingly undeterred,\" Freitag with CoStar Group, says. \"And as delta cases decline, we expect that leisure demand will hold.\" \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.aaa.com/2021/09/pandemic-prompts-more-americans-to-consider-travel-insurance/\">More than 50% of American adults plan to take a domestic vacation before the end of 2022\u003c/a>, according to AAA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vrbo's outlook for this fall and winter also is looking good, with \"heightened demand\" for homes in December compared to previous years, says Nancy Lien, a company spokesperson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"\u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.vrbo.com/media-center/press-releases/2021/christmas-in-july-vrbo-data-reveals-rush-to-book-december-vacations__;!!Iwwt!G2wsW_Q4Oc6B-q3QgwEQMrktQLAeqzN3i3DB8oHHhXWPuk23nNCUxTiVqS4%24\">Demand for holiday bookings started picking up\u003c/a> as early as July,\" she says. \"Warmer destinations like the Florida Keys and Naples, Florida, have fewer than 30% of Vrbo homes remaining during Christmas week.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ski destinations in the U.S. are a top choice as well. Vrbo reports that demand for popular ski spots in Breckenridge, Colorado, and surrounding areas are up over 40% compared to the same period in 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those who will contribute to the continuing travel surge will be Burglewski and his wife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are making up for lost time and taking those trips we've put off,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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