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"bio": "Julie Small reports on criminal justice and immigration.\r\n\r\nShe was part of a team at KQED awarded a regional 2019 Edward R. Murrow award for continuing coverage of the Trump Administration's family separation policy.\r\n\r\nThe Society for Professional Journalists recognized Julie's 2018 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11636262/the-officer-tased-him-31-times-the-sheriff-called-his-death-an-accident\">reporting\u003c/a> on the San Joaquin County Sheriff's \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11634689/autopsy-doctors-sheriff-overrode-death-findings-to-protect-law-enforcement\">interference\u003c/a> in death investigations with an Excellence in Journalism Award for Ongoing Coverage.\r\n\r\nJulie's\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11039666/two-mentally-ill-inmates-died-one-month-in-santa-clara\"> reporting\u003c/a> with Lisa Pickoff-White on the treatment of mentally ill offenders in California jails earned a 2017 regional Edward R. Murrow Award for news reporting and an investigative reporting award from the SPJ of Northern California.\r\n\r\nBefore joining KQED, Julie covered government and politics in Sacramento for Southern California Public Radio (SCPR). Her 2010 \u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/specials/prisonmedical/\">series\u003c/a> on lapses in California’s prison medical care also won a regional Edward R. Murrow Award for investigative reporting and a Golden Mic Award from the RTNDA of Southern California.\r\n\r\nJulie began her career in journalism in 2000 as the deputy foreign editor for public radio's \u003cem>Marketplace, \u003c/em>while earning her master's degree in journalism from USC’s Annenberg School of Communication.",
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"bio": "\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Queena Sook Kim is a former senior editor of the weekend desk at KQED. Before taking on that post, she was the Senior Editor of the Silicon Valley Desk and was the \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">host of The California Report. The daily morning show airs on KQED in San Francisco, one of the nation’s largest NPR affiliates, and on 30 stations across the state. In that role, she produces and reports on news, politics and life in the Golden State. Queena likes to take sideways look at the larger trends changing the state. One of her favorite stories asked\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/02/15/why-the-heck-do-mexican-reporters-on-public-radio-say-their-names-that-way\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">why Latino journalists “over’pronounce” their Spanish surnames\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as a way of looking at how immigration is creating a culture shift in California.\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before joining The California Report, Queena was a \u003ca href=\"http://www.marketplace.org/people/queena-kim\">Senior Reporter covering technology for Marketplace\u003c/a>, the daily business show that airs on public radio. Queena covered daily tech business stories and reported on larger technology trends. She did a series of stories looking at role of social engineering in hacking and on a start-up in Silicon Valley that’s trying to use technology, instead of animals, to make meat that bleeds.\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Queena started her career as a business journalist at the Wall Street Journal, where she spent four years covering the paper, home building and toy industries. She wrote A1 stories about the unusually aggressive tactics KB Home took against its home buyers. and the resurgence of “Cracker” architecture in Florida. She also wrote section front stories on marketing trends and\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As a journalist, Queena has spent much of her career helping start-up editorial products. She was on the founding editorial team of The Bay Citizen, an experimental, online news site in San Francisco that was funded by the late hillbilly billionaire Warren Hellman. In 2009, Queena received a grant from the Corporation of Public Broadcasting to start-up a podcast called \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/cyberfrequencies\">CyberFrequencies\u003c/a>, which reported on the culture of technology. She also helped start-up two radio shows - Off-Ramp and Pacific Drift - for KPCC, the NPR-affiliate in Los Angeles. Off-Ramp was awarded 1st Place for news and Public Affairs programming by the PRINDI and the L.A. Press club. \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/queena-sook-kim\">Queena’s stories have appeared \u003c/a>on NPR’s Day to Day, Hearing Voices, WNYC’s Studio 360, WBUR’s Here and Now, BBC’s Global Perspectives and New York Times’ multimedia page.\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1994, Queena won a Fulbright Grant to teach and study in Seoul, South Korea. She was also selected to be a Teach For America Corps Member in 1991 and taught elementary school in the Inglewood Unified School District in Southern California.\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Queena is a frequent public speaker and has given talks at UC Berkeley, Stanford University, San Francisco State University, PRINDI conference and the Craigslist Foundation Boot Camp. Queena went to UC Berkeley’s Graduate School of Journalism and graduated cum laude from New York University with a B.A. in Politics. She grew up in Southern California and lives in Berkeley, Ca in a big fixer on which she spends most weekends, well, fixing.\u003c/span>",
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"disqusTitle": "Veteran GOP Congressman in Tough Race Against Political Unknown",
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"content": "\u003cp>Congressman Darrell Issa, R-Vista, is in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/oct/03/tough-race-forces-darrell-issa-wealthiest-congress/\">toughest race of his 16-year political career\u003c/a>. In the June primary, a political unknown — retired Marine colonel and attorney Doug Applegate -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/jun/08/issa-faces-strong-challenge/\">came within striking distance\u003c/a>. Many are blaming\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/sep/01/issa-says-hes-not-worried-about-trump-factor-his-r/\"> Issa's support of Donald Trump\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287335825\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa issued a statement over the weekend, reacting to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/oct/07/you-can-do-anything-in-tape-trump-brags-about/\">Access Hollywood video\u003c/a> that depicted the GOP nominee making lewd sexual comments. While other Republicans in tight races pulled their support, Issa did not. In an emailed statement, Issa said \"he found these comments and behavior wholly inappropriate, offensive and unfitting of anyone seeking to lead our nation. There is never a time or place where it's appropriate to make jokes about sexual assault.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past, the 49th Congressional District, which straddles San Diego and Orange counties, has proved to be reliably Republican.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his time in Washington, D.C., Issa has built a reputation as a firebrand, digging into the controversies on Capitol Hill, like Hillary Clinton’s email server. The former chairman of the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform was at the center of the congressional investigations into the “Fast and Furious” gun-buying operation of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa also wants to be known for his slogan, “working for you,” which is on his new yard signs — his first yard signs in 16 years in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m telling people 'I’m working for you, in Washington, on those global issues, on those national issues,' ” Issa said during a campaign event at a park in Orange County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11126842\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11126842\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaTych800-800x590.jpg\" alt=\"Vista Republican Congressman Darrell Issa (L) will face Democrat attorney Doug Applegate in a November runoff.\" width=\"800\" height=\"590\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaTych800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaTych800-400x295.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vista Republican congressman Darrell Issa (L) will face Democrat attorney Doug Applegate in a November runoff. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Photos)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He said he wants to be known for local projects like sand replenishment for Solana Beach and Encinitas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since California went to the top-two primary before the 2012 congressional election, Issa hadn’t received less than 60 percent of the vote in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not this time. Against his Democratic challenger, Doug Applegate, Issa received 51 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa’s surprise poor showing has been traced to his embrace of Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only way we are going to get our economy going again, the way Ronald Reagan did, is with someone like Donald Trump,” Issa said before a crowd at a Trump rally in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa originally campaigned for Florida Sen. Marco Rubio. When Rubio dropped out and Trump came to the San Diego Convention Center on May 27, the congressman gave a full-throated \u003ca href=\"https://www.darrellissa.com/2016/05/06/donald-trump-is-the-obvious-choice-for-every-american/\">endorsement\u003c/a> of the business mogul — comparing him to Reagan. This was less than two weeks before the California primary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the same time, on the other side of the aisle, at places like UC San Diego, thousands of young supporters were still energized by Vermont Sen. Bernie Sanders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think everyone was surprised,” said Mary Latibashvili, of UCSD College Democrats, talking about Applegate’s surprise showing in the primary. “Because Bernie was on the ballot, I think that drove a lot of students to vote.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11126843\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11126843\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaCampaigning800-800x449.jpg\" alt=\"U.S. Rep. Darrell Issa reaches out to volunteers while campaigning in Orange County, Oct. 1, 2016. \" width=\"800\" height=\"449\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaCampaigning800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaCampaigning800-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Rep. Darrell Issa reaches out to volunteers while campaigning in Orange County, Oct. 1, 2016. \u003ccite>(Matthew Bowler/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Applegate admits he didn’t really campaign in the primary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Honestly, there wasn’t a lot of campaigning on either side in the primary,” Applegate said. “So I think what you can take away from that is a baseline and now is when it really gets interesting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s working hard now. When he’s not campaigning, he’s stumping for cash. And he's getting help. The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee has targeted the 49th Congressional District, to try and flip this traditionally red district blue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applegate won’t say how much he has raised, but in the last month he spent a week in Washington. Before a campaign stop outside the VA hospital in La Jolla, he had just come back from Seattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rather than Trump’s unpopularity in California, Applegate blames Issa for his poor showing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s the hand-built negatives of Darrell Issa himself,” Applegate said. “He doesn’t come back to talk to people. He certainly doesn’t come back and talk to vets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applegate is still an unknown. After he left active duty as a Marine in the 1980s, he remained in Southern California. He was a reserve officer and an attorney when he was called up in 2006 to serve in Iraq around Ramadi. As an attorney he represented cops and criminals. In 2008, he was part of a legal team that defended a former \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbsnews.com/news/ex-marine-accused-of-war-crime-speaks-out-17-08-2008/\">Marine sergeant\u003c/a> from Riverside, who was the first soldier charged with war crimes in civilian court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applegate said he hadn’t considered running for office before this election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11126844\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11126844\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Applegate800-800x456.jpg\" alt=\"Congressional candidate Doug Applegate talks to students at a Democratic event at UC San Diego. \" width=\"800\" height=\"456\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Applegate800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Applegate800-400x228.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Congressional candidate Doug Applegate talks to students at a Democratic event at UC San Diego. \u003ccite>(Matthew Bowler/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I’ve enjoyed being a Marine officer, no matter what I was doing. In good places and bad places. I’ve enjoyed practicing law,” Applegate said. “This was one of those things where there was a junction between everything I had done in my life up to this point. I think I’m better prepared than most people sitting on the hill when they first got there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The general election has heated up quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa put out a mailer highlighting Applegate’s divorce in the early 2000s, where a judge issued two temporary restraining orders against him. Applegate’s ex-wife released a statement supporting Applegate’s campaign. An Applegate ad featured a 2011 New York Times story that accused Issa — often considered the richest member of Congress — of steering congressional earmarks to benefit some of his real estate holdings. Issa threatened a lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The falsehoods there, and then him, turning it into an outright lie,” Issa said. “You know, that’s what this campaign is about for him. For me, I’m going to win by double digits. I’m going to win by double digits running on a record of what I’ve done in Washington. And I am proud of holding two administrations accountable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans still hold more than an \u003ca href=\"http://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov//ror/ror-pages/124day-gen-16/congressional.pdf\">8-point\u003c/a> advantage in the number of voters registered in the 49th Congressional District, which includes Del Mar, Solana Beach, Encinitas, Carlsbad, Oceanside, Vista and San Clemente.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question is — now that both sides are actively campaigning — who will come out to vote in November?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/politics/election/california-counts/\">California Counts\u003c/a> is a collaboration of KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio to report on the 2016 election. The coverage focuses on major issues and solicits diverse voices on what's important to the future of California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Republican Rep. Darrell Issa is in the toughest race of his 16-year political career -- and many are blaming his support of Donald Trump.",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/staff/steve-walsh/\">Steve Walsh\u003c/a> \u003cbr> \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\">KPBS\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Congressman Darrell Issa, R-Vista, is in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/oct/03/tough-race-forces-darrell-issa-wealthiest-congress/\">toughest race of his 16-year political career\u003c/a>. In the June primary, a political unknown — retired Marine colonel and attorney Doug Applegate -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/jun/08/issa-faces-strong-challenge/\">came within striking distance\u003c/a>. Many are blaming\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/sep/01/issa-says-hes-not-worried-about-trump-factor-his-r/\"> Issa's support of Donald Trump\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287335825&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287335825'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa issued a statement over the weekend, reacting to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/oct/07/you-can-do-anything-in-tape-trump-brags-about/\">Access Hollywood video\u003c/a> that depicted the GOP nominee making lewd sexual comments. While other Republicans in tight races pulled their support, Issa did not. In an emailed statement, Issa said \"he found these comments and behavior wholly inappropriate, offensive and unfitting of anyone seeking to lead our nation. There is never a time or place where it's appropriate to make jokes about sexual assault.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past, the 49th Congressional District, which straddles San Diego and Orange counties, has proved to be reliably Republican.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his time in Washington, D.C., Issa has built a reputation as a firebrand, digging into the controversies on Capitol Hill, like Hillary Clinton’s email server. The former chairman of the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform was at the center of the congressional investigations into the “Fast and Furious” gun-buying operation of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa also wants to be known for his slogan, “working for you,” which is on his new yard signs — his first yard signs in 16 years in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m telling people 'I’m working for you, in Washington, on those global issues, on those national issues,' ” Issa said during a campaign event at a park in Orange County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11126842\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11126842\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaTych800-800x590.jpg\" alt=\"Vista Republican Congressman Darrell Issa (L) will face Democrat attorney Doug Applegate in a November runoff.\" width=\"800\" height=\"590\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaTych800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaTych800-400x295.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vista Republican congressman Darrell Issa (L) will face Democrat attorney Doug Applegate in a November runoff. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Photos)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He said he wants to be known for local projects like sand replenishment for Solana Beach and Encinitas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since California went to the top-two primary before the 2012 congressional election, Issa hadn’t received less than 60 percent of the vote in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not this time. Against his Democratic challenger, Doug Applegate, Issa received 51 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa’s surprise poor showing has been traced to his embrace of Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only way we are going to get our economy going again, the way Ronald Reagan did, is with someone like Donald Trump,” Issa said before a crowd at a Trump rally in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa originally campaigned for Florida Sen. Marco Rubio. When Rubio dropped out and Trump came to the San Diego Convention Center on May 27, the congressman gave a full-throated \u003ca href=\"https://www.darrellissa.com/2016/05/06/donald-trump-is-the-obvious-choice-for-every-american/\">endorsement\u003c/a> of the business mogul — comparing him to Reagan. This was less than two weeks before the California primary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the same time, on the other side of the aisle, at places like UC San Diego, thousands of young supporters were still energized by Vermont Sen. Bernie Sanders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think everyone was surprised,” said Mary Latibashvili, of UCSD College Democrats, talking about Applegate’s surprise showing in the primary. “Because Bernie was on the ballot, I think that drove a lot of students to vote.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11126843\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11126843\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaCampaigning800-800x449.jpg\" alt=\"U.S. Rep. Darrell Issa reaches out to volunteers while campaigning in Orange County, Oct. 1, 2016. \" width=\"800\" height=\"449\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaCampaigning800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaCampaigning800-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Rep. Darrell Issa reaches out to volunteers while campaigning in Orange County, Oct. 1, 2016. \u003ccite>(Matthew Bowler/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Applegate admits he didn’t really campaign in the primary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Honestly, there wasn’t a lot of campaigning on either side in the primary,” Applegate said. “So I think what you can take away from that is a baseline and now is when it really gets interesting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s working hard now. When he’s not campaigning, he’s stumping for cash. And he's getting help. The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee has targeted the 49th Congressional District, to try and flip this traditionally red district blue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applegate won’t say how much he has raised, but in the last month he spent a week in Washington. Before a campaign stop outside the VA hospital in La Jolla, he had just come back from Seattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rather than Trump’s unpopularity in California, Applegate blames Issa for his poor showing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s the hand-built negatives of Darrell Issa himself,” Applegate said. “He doesn’t come back to talk to people. He certainly doesn’t come back and talk to vets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applegate is still an unknown. After he left active duty as a Marine in the 1980s, he remained in Southern California. He was a reserve officer and an attorney when he was called up in 2006 to serve in Iraq around Ramadi. As an attorney he represented cops and criminals. In 2008, he was part of a legal team that defended a former \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbsnews.com/news/ex-marine-accused-of-war-crime-speaks-out-17-08-2008/\">Marine sergeant\u003c/a> from Riverside, who was the first soldier charged with war crimes in civilian court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applegate said he hadn’t considered running for office before this election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11126844\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11126844\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Applegate800-800x456.jpg\" alt=\"Congressional candidate Doug Applegate talks to students at a Democratic event at UC San Diego. \" width=\"800\" height=\"456\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Applegate800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Applegate800-400x228.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Congressional candidate Doug Applegate talks to students at a Democratic event at UC San Diego. \u003ccite>(Matthew Bowler/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I’ve enjoyed being a Marine officer, no matter what I was doing. In good places and bad places. I’ve enjoyed practicing law,” Applegate said. “This was one of those things where there was a junction between everything I had done in my life up to this point. I think I’m better prepared than most people sitting on the hill when they first got there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The general election has heated up quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa put out a mailer highlighting Applegate’s divorce in the early 2000s, where a judge issued two temporary restraining orders against him. Applegate’s ex-wife released a statement supporting Applegate’s campaign. An Applegate ad featured a 2011 New York Times story that accused Issa — often considered the richest member of Congress — of steering congressional earmarks to benefit some of his real estate holdings. Issa threatened a lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The falsehoods there, and then him, turning it into an outright lie,” Issa said. “You know, that’s what this campaign is about for him. For me, I’m going to win by double digits. I’m going to win by double digits running on a record of what I’ve done in Washington. And I am proud of holding two administrations accountable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans still hold more than an \u003ca href=\"http://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov//ror/ror-pages/124day-gen-16/congressional.pdf\">8-point\u003c/a> advantage in the number of voters registered in the 49th Congressional District, which includes Del Mar, Solana Beach, Encinitas, Carlsbad, Oceanside, Vista and San Clemente.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question is — now that both sides are actively campaigning — who will come out to vote in November?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://elections.kqed.org/measure/2017/info/proposition-54\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 54\u003c/a> is being touted by \u003ca href=\"http://yesprop54.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">supporters\u003c/a> as a way to bring more transparency to the state Legislature. It would generally require a bill to be in print for 72 hours before it can be passed. \u003ca href=\"http://www.noonproposition54.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Critics say\u003c/a> the waiting period would be exploited by lobbyists and special interest groups to kill bills they don’t like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287663618″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the ballot initiative contains another element that opponents say could lead to more campaign attack ads. The proposition would allow the public to record and share legislative proceedings, something not currently allowed. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Democratic consultant Steven Maviglio is representing the No on 54 campaign. He says it’s inevitable those recordings will be used for political purposes.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the net result of that will be two things,” he says. “First of all, a lot of grandstanding by people who know their political TV commercials are being made on the floor of the Assembly or Senate. And also, attack ads.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A state statute used to prohibit Assembly footage from being used for political purposes. But Gov. Jerry Brown \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB884\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recently signed a bill \u003c/a>repealing that law. There are no restrictions on Senate footage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the measure say fears of a new wave of attacks ads are overblown. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Helen Hutchison is president of the California League of Women Voters. She says other governments that allow public recordings don’t have that problem.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Recordings that are probably the ‘gotcha’ ones tend to be from campaign events, not from the floor,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters also say the rule would allow legislative proceedings to be live streamed on apps like Facebook and Periscope. \u003ca href=\"http://www.calchannel.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Channel\u003c/a> currently provides footage of all floor sessions and various committee meetings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A final provision of the ballot measure would require that a video recording of all public legislative meetings be posted online within 24 hours. The videos would have to be available to the public online for at least 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The ballot measure would require bills to be in print for three days before being passed, but it would also allow public recordings of meetings.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://elections.kqed.org/measure/2017/info/proposition-54\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 54\u003c/a> is being touted by \u003ca href=\"http://yesprop54.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">supporters\u003c/a> as a way to bring more transparency to the state Legislature. It would generally require a bill to be in print for 72 hours before it can be passed. \u003ca href=\"http://www.noonproposition54.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Critics say\u003c/a> the waiting period would be exploited by lobbyists and special interest groups to kill bills they don’t like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287663618″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287663618″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the ballot initiative contains another element that opponents say could lead to more campaign attack ads. The proposition would allow the public to record and share legislative proceedings, something not currently allowed. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Democratic consultant Steven Maviglio is representing the No on 54 campaign. He says it’s inevitable those recordings will be used for political purposes.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the net result of that will be two things,” he says. “First of all, a lot of grandstanding by people who know their political TV commercials are being made on the floor of the Assembly or Senate. And also, attack ads.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A state statute used to prohibit Assembly footage from being used for political purposes. But Gov. Jerry Brown \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB884\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recently signed a bill \u003c/a>repealing that law. There are no restrictions on Senate footage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of the measure say fears of a new wave of attacks ads are overblown. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Helen Hutchison is president of the California League of Women Voters. She says other governments that allow public recordings don’t have that problem.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Recordings that are probably the ‘gotcha’ ones tend to be from campaign events, not from the floor,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters also say the rule would allow legislative proceedings to be live streamed on apps like Facebook and Periscope. \u003ca href=\"http://www.calchannel.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Channel\u003c/a> currently provides footage of all floor sessions and various committee meetings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A final provision of the ballot measure would require that a video recording of all public legislative meetings be posted online within 24 hours. The videos would have to be available to the public online for at least 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Jerry Brown Pushes Earlier Release of Felons Under Proposition 57",
"title": "Jerry Brown Pushes Earlier Release of Felons Under Proposition 57",
"headTitle": "Election 2016 | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update Tuesday, Nov. 8:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/11/08/brown-early-parole-measure-passes-newsom-gun-control-initiative-leading/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Proposition 57 passed\u003c/a> with strong support from voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post Friday, Oct. 7:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch2 style=\"text-align: center\">The Trials of Marvin Mutch\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"http://trialsofmarvinmutch.org\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/1b.-Marvin-outside-CMF_CloseUp.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Marvin Mutch went to prison at 19 for a murder he swears he didn't commit. He spent four decades striving to prove his innocence and win his freedom. But it would take a major shift in California's criminal justice system for Mutch to be released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>'\u003ca href=\"http://trialsofmarvinmutch.org\">The Trials of Marvin Mutch\u003c/a>' investigates Mutch's conviction and chronicles his and the California Justice System's evolution over a lifetime in prison.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When Gov. Jerry Brown signed Senate Bill 42 in 1976, he said it would provide \"certain, clear punishment for crime.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure passed the Legislature with little controversy. It created a \u003ca href=\"http://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2883&context=facpubs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">determinate sentencing structure in California\u003c/a>, scrapping most open-ended prison terms and instead giving inmates a set release date. It was the first major shift toward a more prescribed approach to punishment in California, one that lawmakers and voters embraced wholeheartedly in the decades that followed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, 40 years later, Brown believes that signing the law was a mistake -- and he's asking voters to approve a measure that would move California back toward the system it abandoned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://vig.cdn.sos.ca.gov/2016/general/en/pdf/text-proposed-laws.pdf#prop57\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Proposition 57\u003c/a> could allow many inmates to serve shorter prison terms than the ones handed down in court when they were sentenced -- if the state parole board judges them suitable for release. The governor believes the change will make prisons and the public safer by giving inmates an incentive to improve themselves while they are incarcerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286577767\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think if anything, this is the greatest step we could take for public safety in California,\" he said, noting that nearly all inmates are eventually released from prison. \"We want to make sure when they get out, they've gone through a real program of education and rehabilitation and to make that happen, you can't force them, but you can incentivize them by the possibility of earlier parole.\"\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\nProsecutors disagree and are campaigning vociferously against Proposition 57.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'It's dangerous for California.' \u003ccite>Sacramento DA Anne Marie Schubert\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"Our hands will be tied,\" said Ventura County District Attorney Greg Totten. \"What a judge imposes will no longer be significant -- and state bureaucrats, who are not subject to elections, who are not accountable to the public, will be making decisions about who does and who does not get released.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's dangerous for California,\" added Sacramento County District Attorney Anne Marie Schubert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 42 and a 'Hog Wild' Legislature\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Brown signed the determinate sentencing law, criminal offenders were sentenced to broad, unspecified prison terms. A panel appointed by the governor, then called the Adult Authority, had immense discretion to decide how long an inmate should stayed locked up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system in place was supposed to allow the release of inmates when they were deemed rehabilitated and ready to re-enter society. But critics -- mostly civil liberties groups -- thought the policy gave too much power to the law enforcement-dominated Adult Authority and resulted in disproportionately long sentences for people of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said he listened to those critics when he decided to sign SB 42. As he signed the bill in 1976, he told reporters that \"the concept of rehabilitation is seriously changed in our law by allowing the concept of a determinate sentence for a crime.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MeY-9y3IkVM&w=560&h=315]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He misjudged the law's impacts, Brown said recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I thought it would give certainty, it would be more focused, people would know what their punishment is, and that would act as a great deterrent,\" he said. \"Of course, I didn't really think about the fact that when you tell somebody they get out at this date, between then and the time they arrive in prison they have no incentive to take classes, to avoid the gangs, to really scrupulously follow the rules.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown has spent much of his third and fourth terms as governor working to fix California's troubled prison system, which has \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/health/article/Judges-tell-state-to-free-thousands-of-inmates-3251503.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">been under federal court oversight for a decade\u003c/a> because conditions inside were ruled to be \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/24/us/24scotus.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">so crowded and chaotic they violated the Constitution's ban on cruel and unusual punishment\u003c/a>. Brown believes Proposition 57 may be the final major policy change needed to get the state out from under court control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown doesn't blame SB 42 alone for the prison overcrowding. Brown also lays responsibility at the feet of lawmakers and voters, who approved dozens of \"tough on crime\" sentencing laws in the years that followed. Chief among those laws are \"criminal enhancements\" -- additional time tacked on to prison sentences because of an offender's criminal history or the nature of their crime. For example, a five-year sentence could grow to 20 years if the offender is a member of a gang or had a gun in their possession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"First the Legislature goes hog wild -- I'd say criminal legislation on steroids for 30 years,\" the governor said. \"And then at the end of that the Supreme Court says prison conditions are terrible, it's overcrowded, people are committing suicide, they have unconstitutional medical care, you've got to take out thousands and thousands of people from prison,\" he said. \"We want to do that in a rational way, and that's what Proposition 57 attempts to do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11118978\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11118978\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21370_Schubert-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Sacramento District Attorney Anne Marie Schubert fears dangerous criminals will be released under Proposition 57. \" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21370_Schubert-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21370_Schubert-qut-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21370_Schubert-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21370_Schubert-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21370_Schubert-qut-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sacramento District Attorney Anne Marie Schubert fears dangerous criminals will be released under Proposition 57.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Proposition 57 wouldn't do away with sentence enhancements, but it would let the state's parole board decide to release an inmate before he or she serves the time tacked on by enhancements -- if an offender is deemed ready to leave prison. That provision would apply only to inmates serving crimes considered nonviolent under state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown estimates it would apply to around 1,100 inmates a year; prosecutors say the number is closer to 16,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor notes that inmates are already being released under this process -- in 2014, a federal court ordered the state to start releasing some prisoners after they served their primary sentence, excluding enhancements. The ballot measure would expand that pool of prisoners to anyone convicted of a \"nonviolent\" crime under state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's one of the major problems with Proposition 57, said Schubert, the Sacramento County district attorney. She said the definition of violent crimes in the measure, which includes murder, rape, robbery and kidnapping \u003ca href=\"http://www.stop57.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">but not offenses like assault with a deadly weapon, sexual battery or hostage-taking\u003c/a>, is too narrow and that potentially dangerous felons could qualify for release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11118815\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11118815\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21364_FullSizeRender-qut-800x1079.jpg\" alt=\"Proposition 57 opponents made these playing cards of inmates they say could be released if the ballot measure passes. Below, you can hear Governor Brown's response in a voicemail he left for Fresno Sheriff Margaret Mims \" width=\"800\" height=\"1079\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21364_FullSizeRender-qut-800x1079.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21364_FullSizeRender-qut-400x539.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21364_FullSizeRender-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21364_FullSizeRender-qut-1180x1591.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21364_FullSizeRender-qut-960x1295.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Proposition 57 opponents made these playing cards of inmates they say could be released if the ballot measure passes. \u003ccite>(Marisa Lagos/KQED News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"When I go out to the community and I say, 'How many people in this room think domestic violence is a violent crime?' They all raise their hands. 'How many people think assault with a deadly weapon is a violent crime?' They all raise their hands,\" she said. \"Those are all nonviolent under the penal code.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown calls those claims a \"complete red herring,\" noting that some of the state's most notorious inmates -- including Charles Manson -- were convicted before the determinate-sentencing law and \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2012/04/11/justice/california-charles-manson/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">could be paroled today\u003c/a>. He said the list of violent crimes was created by a ballot measure supported by the District Attorneys Association and that prosecutors have wide discretion when they file charges against defendants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286449972\" params=\"auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"450\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most important, Brown argued, the parole board will take into account the facts of each case and the offender's behavior while in prison when weighing whether to release them -- which is why Manson remains behind bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parole commissioners making these judgments now will have a better sense of what serves public safety than a court did years or decades ago, he argued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm just saying that what they decide on the day of sentencing, that is not all perfect. It's not omniscient, and over time -- five, eight, 10, 15, 20 years -- why not have a group of wise people saying, 'You know what? I think this inmate's ready for release'?\" he said. \"I want the parole board to look into the eyes of that parolee, listen where it's appropriate to the victims or the district attorney, and make an informed judgment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Schubert is worried the parole board won't have a chance to look in the eyes of an inmate or hear from victims and prosecutors directly. She said many of the inmates approved for early release in recent years because of the federal court order never saw a parole commissioner -- their files were reviewed by deputy commissioners, who made a decision without ever talking to the inmate, prosecutors or victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's nothing in the governor's initiative that says it's a parole board\" reviewing the cases, Schubert said. \"What we already know from the governor's early releases is that it's not a hearing, it's a letter. We get to write a letter. That's it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said he understands that concern and will work to address it if Proposition 57 passes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's something to be decided and maybe we'll take the more serious inmates and maybe put them through live parole,\" he said. \"I understand if it's just administrative, on paper, that's different than, as I said, looking into their eyes. ... I'll try to get the best, safest, most humanly effective process as possible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'Cleansing the Augean Stables'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A second provision of Proposition 57 could have even wider-ranging implications. It would allow the state prisons department to revamp the system for awarding \"good time credits\" to inmates who participate in programs such as drug rehabilitation or schooling. Currently, there's a \u003ca href=\"http://www.courts.ca.gov/partners/documents/Credits_Memo.pdf\">patchwork of laws and regulations\u003c/a> governing the credits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I challenge you to find in California someone that can explain perfectly the credit system. I don't think they exist,\" Brown said. \"You can get credit 15 percent of the time a third of the time, 20 percent of the time, half the time, day for day -- but it keeps changing. You can get this much credit for this crime, but then in 1990 it was this, in 1995 it was that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor said Proposition 57 would \"cleanse the \u003ca href=\"http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/Herakles/stables.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Augean stables\u003c/a>\" and allow the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation to develop a new system through a public regulatory process that would include prosecutors, defense attorneys, law enforcement and any other member of the public who wants to weigh in.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The hardest days for me in here are this: When a guy that has committed a murder and he goes home, doing less time than me. ... I've never physically put my hands on anybody. I've caused harm. I've hurt people. Not 50 years' worth.' \u003ccite>San Quentin Prison inmate Curtis Roberts\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Curtis Roberts is one of the inmates barred from earning credits -- even though he's participated in programs during his entire 22 years in state prison. He's the type of prisoner supporters of Proposition 57 cite when arguing that California's criminal justice system has become too rigid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's serving a 50-year-to-life sentence for stealing $40 out of a cash register and burglarizing his in-laws' vacation cabin. In an interview at San Quentin Prison, Roberts said he was addicted to cocaine at the time and committed the crimes to feed his drug habit. He pleaded guilty, he said, to avoid dragging his now ex-wife through a trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Roberts was sentenced in 1995, less than a year after California voters approved the state's \u003ca href=\"http://www.courts.ca.gov/20142.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Three Strikes Law\u003c/a>, which required a 25-year-to-life sentence for anyone convicted of a third felony. Roberts had previous robbery convictions and received two 25-to-life sentences for his 1995 convictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's not eligible for parole until 2044. He'd be 82 years old by then and says the sentence sometimes overwhelms him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11118984\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11118984\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21368_Crystal-qut-1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Crystal fears her abuser could be released from prison early under Proposition 57. Here, she looks at photos of her injuries from abuse.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21368_Crystal-qut-1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21368_Crystal-qut-1-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21368_Crystal-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21368_Crystal-qut-1-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21368_Crystal-qut-1-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Crystal fears her abuser could be released from prison early under Proposition 57. Here, she looks at photos of her injuries from abuse. \u003ccite>(KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"That's why I wanted to commit suicide. It's 50 years,\" he said. \"The hardest days for me in here are this: When a guy that has committed a murder and he goes home, doing less time than me. I internalize that and it's very, very difficult for me. I've never shot a gun. I've never physically put my hands on anybody. I've caused harm. I've hurt people. Not 50 years' worth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters passed Three Strikes in the aftermath of 12-year-old Polly Klaas' kidnapping and murder in Sonoma County. The law aimed to guarantee long sentences for repeat criminals like her killer, \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Allen_Davis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Richard Allen Davis\u003c/a>, who had been in and out of prison all his life. But the law has also snared many lesser offenders, including drug addicts like Roberts. He's not eligible for a revision to Three Strikes approved by voters in 2012 because his felonies are considered serious and violent even though no one was physically harmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They sentenced me as if I was Richard Allen Davis and that I killed Polly Klaas,\" Roberts said. \"That was the sentence they gave me. But that is not true. I am not Richard Allen Davis. I did not kill Polly Klaas. I didn't molest nobody. The purpose from this point on is punishment for Curtis. Punishment,\" Roberts said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposition 57 opponents, however, worry that inmates won't be truly rehabilitated because the prisons department won't have the necessary resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need meaningful rehabilitation,\" said Schubert. \"I am all for someone earning their way out prison, I am all for them having hope they can get out of prison ... (but) you have to have true rehabilitation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said he plans to put more money into prison programs. And Amador County's chief probation officer, Mark Bonini, says even with the incentive of early release, some inmates won't choose to participate. Bonini heads the Chief Probation Officers of California, which has endorsed Proposition 57.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just because it's there doesn't mean offenders will take advantage,\" Bonini said. \"You could still have somebody, if Prop. 57 passes, do same amount of time,\" he said. \"It's just a matter of trying to incentivize them to take advantage of programs, because ultimately if they do and you have it set up and it's funded, you will have a better product on the back side when they (are released).\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonini said his group endorsed the measure because probation chiefs believe it will be easier for offenders to \"seamlessly\" re-enter society if they already are getting help in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>One Victim's Mixed Feelings\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Victims of violent crimes and those with loved ones in prison have mixed feelings about changing the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crystal, who didn't want her last name used for this story, is one of those people. She is a domestic violence survivor who said she was dumbstruck when Schubert's office told her they believe her abuser could be released before his full 25-year sentence under Proposition 57.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That man, James Coker, was convicted of a harrowing series of assaults on Crystal and other women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11118971\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 665px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11118971\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21369_Coker-Booking-Photo-qut.jpg\" alt=\"James Coker is serving a 25 year sentence for abusing his former girlfriend, but prosecutors fear he could be released under Proposition 57.\" width=\"665\" height=\"836\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21369_Coker-Booking-Photo-qut.jpg 665w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21369_Coker-Booking-Photo-qut-400x503.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">James Coker is serving a 25-year sentence for abusing his former girlfriend, but prosecutors fear he could be released under Proposition 57. \u003ccite>(CDCR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"He's hit me with baseball bats, burned my face with lighters and torches, put cigarettes out in my mouth. I just can't even recall some of the stuff he's done. He's broken one of the mason glass jar things over my head where the bottom of it was sticking out of my head,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Crystal also has a brother in prison who could benefit from Proposition 57. She says she knows many people -- including Coker -- who would have been better served by more effective rehabilitation programs behind bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'At 82 years old, what am I going to get out to, or for? I believe better of society. I believe better of you. You wouldn't let this happen. I believe better.' \u003ccite>San Quentin inmate Curtis Roberts\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>At San Quentin, Roberts dreams of getting out and reconnecting with his daughter, who was 5 when he went to prison. He said he has to balance his hope with the reality of his sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have worked very, very hard on myself to correct some of the past behaviors, my drug use. I haven't used for 22 years,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I understand in my mind, 50 years. I'm 54 years old, so that means I'll be 82, so that means really I'll never get out. At 82 years old, what am I going to get out to, or for? I believe better of society. I believe better of you. You wouldn't let this happen. I believe better.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of our California Counts collaboration with four California public media organizations to cover the 2016 election. The partners include \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\">KPCC in Los Angeles\u003c/a>,\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/\">KQED in San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/\">Capital Public Radio in Sacramento\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>and\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\">KPBS in San Diego\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update Tuesday, Nov. 8:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/11/08/brown-early-parole-measure-passes-newsom-gun-control-initiative-leading/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Proposition 57 passed\u003c/a> with strong support from voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post Friday, Oct. 7:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch2 style=\"text-align: center\">The Trials of Marvin Mutch\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"http://trialsofmarvinmutch.org\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/1b.-Marvin-outside-CMF_CloseUp.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Marvin Mutch went to prison at 19 for a murder he swears he didn't commit. He spent four decades striving to prove his innocence and win his freedom. But it would take a major shift in California's criminal justice system for Mutch to be released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>'\u003ca href=\"http://trialsofmarvinmutch.org\">The Trials of Marvin Mutch\u003c/a>' investigates Mutch's conviction and chronicles his and the California Justice System's evolution over a lifetime in prison.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When Gov. Jerry Brown signed Senate Bill 42 in 1976, he said it would provide \"certain, clear punishment for crime.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure passed the Legislature with little controversy. It created a \u003ca href=\"http://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2883&context=facpubs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">determinate sentencing structure in California\u003c/a>, scrapping most open-ended prison terms and instead giving inmates a set release date. It was the first major shift toward a more prescribed approach to punishment in California, one that lawmakers and voters embraced wholeheartedly in the decades that followed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, 40 years later, Brown believes that signing the law was a mistake -- and he's asking voters to approve a measure that would move California back toward the system it abandoned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://vig.cdn.sos.ca.gov/2016/general/en/pdf/text-proposed-laws.pdf#prop57\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Proposition 57\u003c/a> could allow many inmates to serve shorter prison terms than the ones handed down in court when they were sentenced -- if the state parole board judges them suitable for release. The governor believes the change will make prisons and the public safer by giving inmates an incentive to improve themselves while they are incarcerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286577767&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286577767'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think if anything, this is the greatest step we could take for public safety in California,\" he said, noting that nearly all inmates are eventually released from prison. \"We want to make sure when they get out, they've gone through a real program of education and rehabilitation and to make that happen, you can't force them, but you can incentivize them by the possibility of earlier parole.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nProsecutors disagree and are campaigning vociferously against Proposition 57.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'It's dangerous for California.' \u003ccite>Sacramento DA Anne Marie Schubert\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"Our hands will be tied,\" said Ventura County District Attorney Greg Totten. \"What a judge imposes will no longer be significant -- and state bureaucrats, who are not subject to elections, who are not accountable to the public, will be making decisions about who does and who does not get released.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's dangerous for California,\" added Sacramento County District Attorney Anne Marie Schubert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SB 42 and a 'Hog Wild' Legislature\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Brown signed the determinate sentencing law, criminal offenders were sentenced to broad, unspecified prison terms. A panel appointed by the governor, then called the Adult Authority, had immense discretion to decide how long an inmate should stayed locked up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system in place was supposed to allow the release of inmates when they were deemed rehabilitated and ready to re-enter society. But critics -- mostly civil liberties groups -- thought the policy gave too much power to the law enforcement-dominated Adult Authority and resulted in disproportionately long sentences for people of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said he listened to those critics when he decided to sign SB 42. As he signed the bill in 1976, he told reporters that \"the concept of rehabilitation is seriously changed in our law by allowing the concept of a determinate sentence for a crime.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/MeY-9y3IkVM'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/MeY-9y3IkVM'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He misjudged the law's impacts, Brown said recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I thought it would give certainty, it would be more focused, people would know what their punishment is, and that would act as a great deterrent,\" he said. \"Of course, I didn't really think about the fact that when you tell somebody they get out at this date, between then and the time they arrive in prison they have no incentive to take classes, to avoid the gangs, to really scrupulously follow the rules.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown has spent much of his third and fourth terms as governor working to fix California's troubled prison system, which has \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/health/article/Judges-tell-state-to-free-thousands-of-inmates-3251503.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">been under federal court oversight for a decade\u003c/a> because conditions inside were ruled to be \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/24/us/24scotus.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">so crowded and chaotic they violated the Constitution's ban on cruel and unusual punishment\u003c/a>. Brown believes Proposition 57 may be the final major policy change needed to get the state out from under court control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown doesn't blame SB 42 alone for the prison overcrowding. Brown also lays responsibility at the feet of lawmakers and voters, who approved dozens of \"tough on crime\" sentencing laws in the years that followed. Chief among those laws are \"criminal enhancements\" -- additional time tacked on to prison sentences because of an offender's criminal history or the nature of their crime. For example, a five-year sentence could grow to 20 years if the offender is a member of a gang or had a gun in their possession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"First the Legislature goes hog wild -- I'd say criminal legislation on steroids for 30 years,\" the governor said. \"And then at the end of that the Supreme Court says prison conditions are terrible, it's overcrowded, people are committing suicide, they have unconstitutional medical care, you've got to take out thousands and thousands of people from prison,\" he said. \"We want to do that in a rational way, and that's what Proposition 57 attempts to do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11118978\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11118978\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21370_Schubert-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Sacramento District Attorney Anne Marie Schubert fears dangerous criminals will be released under Proposition 57. \" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21370_Schubert-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21370_Schubert-qut-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21370_Schubert-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21370_Schubert-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21370_Schubert-qut-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sacramento District Attorney Anne Marie Schubert fears dangerous criminals will be released under Proposition 57.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Proposition 57 wouldn't do away with sentence enhancements, but it would let the state's parole board decide to release an inmate before he or she serves the time tacked on by enhancements -- if an offender is deemed ready to leave prison. That provision would apply only to inmates serving crimes considered nonviolent under state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown estimates it would apply to around 1,100 inmates a year; prosecutors say the number is closer to 16,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor notes that inmates are already being released under this process -- in 2014, a federal court ordered the state to start releasing some prisoners after they served their primary sentence, excluding enhancements. The ballot measure would expand that pool of prisoners to anyone convicted of a \"nonviolent\" crime under state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's one of the major problems with Proposition 57, said Schubert, the Sacramento County district attorney. She said the definition of violent crimes in the measure, which includes murder, rape, robbery and kidnapping \u003ca href=\"http://www.stop57.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">but not offenses like assault with a deadly weapon, sexual battery or hostage-taking\u003c/a>, is too narrow and that potentially dangerous felons could qualify for release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11118815\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11118815\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21364_FullSizeRender-qut-800x1079.jpg\" alt=\"Proposition 57 opponents made these playing cards of inmates they say could be released if the ballot measure passes. Below, you can hear Governor Brown's response in a voicemail he left for Fresno Sheriff Margaret Mims \" width=\"800\" height=\"1079\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21364_FullSizeRender-qut-800x1079.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21364_FullSizeRender-qut-400x539.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21364_FullSizeRender-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21364_FullSizeRender-qut-1180x1591.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21364_FullSizeRender-qut-960x1295.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Proposition 57 opponents made these playing cards of inmates they say could be released if the ballot measure passes. \u003ccite>(Marisa Lagos/KQED News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"When I go out to the community and I say, 'How many people in this room think domestic violence is a violent crime?' They all raise their hands. 'How many people think assault with a deadly weapon is a violent crime?' They all raise their hands,\" she said. \"Those are all nonviolent under the penal code.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown calls those claims a \"complete red herring,\" noting that some of the state's most notorious inmates -- including Charles Manson -- were convicted before the determinate-sentencing law and \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2012/04/11/justice/california-charles-manson/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">could be paroled today\u003c/a>. He said the list of violent crimes was created by a ballot measure supported by the District Attorneys Association and that prosecutors have wide discretion when they file charges against defendants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='450'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286449972&visual=true&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286449972'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most important, Brown argued, the parole board will take into account the facts of each case and the offender's behavior while in prison when weighing whether to release them -- which is why Manson remains behind bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parole commissioners making these judgments now will have a better sense of what serves public safety than a court did years or decades ago, he argued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm just saying that what they decide on the day of sentencing, that is not all perfect. It's not omniscient, and over time -- five, eight, 10, 15, 20 years -- why not have a group of wise people saying, 'You know what? I think this inmate's ready for release'?\" he said. \"I want the parole board to look into the eyes of that parolee, listen where it's appropriate to the victims or the district attorney, and make an informed judgment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Schubert is worried the parole board won't have a chance to look in the eyes of an inmate or hear from victims and prosecutors directly. She said many of the inmates approved for early release in recent years because of the federal court order never saw a parole commissioner -- their files were reviewed by deputy commissioners, who made a decision without ever talking to the inmate, prosecutors or victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's nothing in the governor's initiative that says it's a parole board\" reviewing the cases, Schubert said. \"What we already know from the governor's early releases is that it's not a hearing, it's a letter. We get to write a letter. That's it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said he understands that concern and will work to address it if Proposition 57 passes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's something to be decided and maybe we'll take the more serious inmates and maybe put them through live parole,\" he said. \"I understand if it's just administrative, on paper, that's different than, as I said, looking into their eyes. ... I'll try to get the best, safest, most humanly effective process as possible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'Cleansing the Augean Stables'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A second provision of Proposition 57 could have even wider-ranging implications. It would allow the state prisons department to revamp the system for awarding \"good time credits\" to inmates who participate in programs such as drug rehabilitation or schooling. Currently, there's a \u003ca href=\"http://www.courts.ca.gov/partners/documents/Credits_Memo.pdf\">patchwork of laws and regulations\u003c/a> governing the credits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I challenge you to find in California someone that can explain perfectly the credit system. I don't think they exist,\" Brown said. \"You can get credit 15 percent of the time a third of the time, 20 percent of the time, half the time, day for day -- but it keeps changing. You can get this much credit for this crime, but then in 1990 it was this, in 1995 it was that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor said Proposition 57 would \"cleanse the \u003ca href=\"http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/Herakles/stables.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Augean stables\u003c/a>\" and allow the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation to develop a new system through a public regulatory process that would include prosecutors, defense attorneys, law enforcement and any other member of the public who wants to weigh in.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The hardest days for me in here are this: When a guy that has committed a murder and he goes home, doing less time than me. ... I've never physically put my hands on anybody. I've caused harm. I've hurt people. Not 50 years' worth.' \u003ccite>San Quentin Prison inmate Curtis Roberts\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Curtis Roberts is one of the inmates barred from earning credits -- even though he's participated in programs during his entire 22 years in state prison. He's the type of prisoner supporters of Proposition 57 cite when arguing that California's criminal justice system has become too rigid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's serving a 50-year-to-life sentence for stealing $40 out of a cash register and burglarizing his in-laws' vacation cabin. In an interview at San Quentin Prison, Roberts said he was addicted to cocaine at the time and committed the crimes to feed his drug habit. He pleaded guilty, he said, to avoid dragging his now ex-wife through a trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Roberts was sentenced in 1995, less than a year after California voters approved the state's \u003ca href=\"http://www.courts.ca.gov/20142.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Three Strikes Law\u003c/a>, which required a 25-year-to-life sentence for anyone convicted of a third felony. Roberts had previous robbery convictions and received two 25-to-life sentences for his 1995 convictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's not eligible for parole until 2044. He'd be 82 years old by then and says the sentence sometimes overwhelms him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11118984\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11118984\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21368_Crystal-qut-1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Crystal fears her abuser could be released from prison early under Proposition 57. Here, she looks at photos of her injuries from abuse.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21368_Crystal-qut-1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21368_Crystal-qut-1-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21368_Crystal-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21368_Crystal-qut-1-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21368_Crystal-qut-1-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Crystal fears her abuser could be released from prison early under Proposition 57. Here, she looks at photos of her injuries from abuse. \u003ccite>(KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"That's why I wanted to commit suicide. It's 50 years,\" he said. \"The hardest days for me in here are this: When a guy that has committed a murder and he goes home, doing less time than me. I internalize that and it's very, very difficult for me. I've never shot a gun. I've never physically put my hands on anybody. I've caused harm. I've hurt people. Not 50 years' worth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters passed Three Strikes in the aftermath of 12-year-old Polly Klaas' kidnapping and murder in Sonoma County. The law aimed to guarantee long sentences for repeat criminals like her killer, \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Allen_Davis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Richard Allen Davis\u003c/a>, who had been in and out of prison all his life. But the law has also snared many lesser offenders, including drug addicts like Roberts. He's not eligible for a revision to Three Strikes approved by voters in 2012 because his felonies are considered serious and violent even though no one was physically harmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They sentenced me as if I was Richard Allen Davis and that I killed Polly Klaas,\" Roberts said. \"That was the sentence they gave me. But that is not true. I am not Richard Allen Davis. I did not kill Polly Klaas. I didn't molest nobody. The purpose from this point on is punishment for Curtis. Punishment,\" Roberts said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposition 57 opponents, however, worry that inmates won't be truly rehabilitated because the prisons department won't have the necessary resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need meaningful rehabilitation,\" said Schubert. \"I am all for someone earning their way out prison, I am all for them having hope they can get out of prison ... (but) you have to have true rehabilitation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said he plans to put more money into prison programs. And Amador County's chief probation officer, Mark Bonini, says even with the incentive of early release, some inmates won't choose to participate. Bonini heads the Chief Probation Officers of California, which has endorsed Proposition 57.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just because it's there doesn't mean offenders will take advantage,\" Bonini said. \"You could still have somebody, if Prop. 57 passes, do same amount of time,\" he said. \"It's just a matter of trying to incentivize them to take advantage of programs, because ultimately if they do and you have it set up and it's funded, you will have a better product on the back side when they (are released).\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonini said his group endorsed the measure because probation chiefs believe it will be easier for offenders to \"seamlessly\" re-enter society if they already are getting help in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>One Victim's Mixed Feelings\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Victims of violent crimes and those with loved ones in prison have mixed feelings about changing the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crystal, who didn't want her last name used for this story, is one of those people. She is a domestic violence survivor who said she was dumbstruck when Schubert's office told her they believe her abuser could be released before his full 25-year sentence under Proposition 57.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That man, James Coker, was convicted of a harrowing series of assaults on Crystal and other women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11118971\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 665px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11118971\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21369_Coker-Booking-Photo-qut.jpg\" alt=\"James Coker is serving a 25 year sentence for abusing his former girlfriend, but prosecutors fear he could be released under Proposition 57.\" width=\"665\" height=\"836\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21369_Coker-Booking-Photo-qut.jpg 665w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21369_Coker-Booking-Photo-qut-400x503.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 665px) 100vw, 665px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">James Coker is serving a 25-year sentence for abusing his former girlfriend, but prosecutors fear he could be released under Proposition 57. \u003ccite>(CDCR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"He's hit me with baseball bats, burned my face with lighters and torches, put cigarettes out in my mouth. I just can't even recall some of the stuff he's done. He's broken one of the mason glass jar things over my head where the bottom of it was sticking out of my head,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Crystal also has a brother in prison who could benefit from Proposition 57. She says she knows many people -- including Coker -- who would have been better served by more effective rehabilitation programs behind bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'At 82 years old, what am I going to get out to, or for? I believe better of society. I believe better of you. You wouldn't let this happen. I believe better.' \u003ccite>San Quentin inmate Curtis Roberts\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>At San Quentin, Roberts dreams of getting out and reconnecting with his daughter, who was 5 when he went to prison. He said he has to balance his hope with the reality of his sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have worked very, very hard on myself to correct some of the past behaviors, my drug use. I haven't used for 22 years,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I understand in my mind, 50 years. I'm 54 years old, so that means I'll be 82, so that means really I'll never get out. At 82 years old, what am I going to get out to, or for? I believe better of society. I believe better of you. You wouldn't let this happen. I believe better.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of our California Counts collaboration with four California public media organizations to cover the 2016 election. The partners include \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\">KPCC in Los Angeles\u003c/a>,\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/\">KQED in San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/\">Capital Public Radio in Sacramento\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>and\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\">KPBS in San Diego\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Showhorses vs. Workhorses: What Makes an Effective U.S. Senator?",
"title": "Showhorses vs. Workhorses: What Makes an Effective U.S. Senator?",
"headTitle": "Election 2016 | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Tonight’s U.S. Senate debate in Los Angeles will be the last chance to see California Attorney General \u003ca href=\"http://www.kamalaharris.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Kamala Harris\u003c/a> and Orange County congresswoman \u003ca href=\"http://www.loretta.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Loretta Sanchez\u003c/a> face off against each other before the election. It might help voters decide which of these two Democrats is best suited to replace retiring Sen. Barbara Boxer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that begs the question: What does it \u003cem>take\u003c/em> to be a good U.S. senator anyway?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286158461\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We put that question to a few of the most senior members of the U.S. Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Work first for the country,” says Vermont Democratic Sen. Patrick Leahy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Somebody who’s willing to work their guts out, but who really does weigh the issues with everything they have and who stands up for their beliefs, even when the going gets really rough,” says seven-term Republican Sen. Orrin Hatch from Utah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leahy and Hatch are the longest-serving senators in their respective parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Maryland's Sen. Barbara Mikulski, who, like Boxer, is retiring after this year, offers this when asked what it takes to be effective: “Show up, stand up and never shut up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Washington, D.C., politicians often fall into one of two categories: workhorse or showhorse. The workhorses get the job done, with or without a lot of media attention. They dig into the details of policy and legislation. They do the heavy lifting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for showhorses, you don't want to get between them and a TV camera, or you could risk bodily harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here's the thing. There's a place for both types of senator, those who use their media savvy to draw attention to issues and those who just get stuff done. And often, the best senators are a little of both.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"ACj09RxK6JeM73wSrYAcQ7qA7fw7daSd\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Senate was traditionally the saucer that was supposed to cool the cup,\" says Marc Sandalow, associate academic director of the University of California Washington Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was supposed to be the reasoned party elders who would come together and cool the feelings of the masses,\" meaning the House of Representatives, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandalow adds that while the Senate was \u003cem>supposed\u003c/em> to be the more staid institution, recently it's become more like the House, with firebrand members like Texas Sen. Ted Cruz, who are willing to attack fellow senators in the name of ideological purity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that kind of behavior doesn't make for an effective senator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's annoying,\" Sandalow says. \"When you think of the great senators in U.S. history, it's people who understood the inside game and were willing to do things with their colleagues to move the ball forward.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boxer gained national attention in the 1980s as a rabble-rousing member of the House pointing out \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/Barbara_Boxer\">Pentagon waste\u003c/a> -- the infamous $600 toilet seat. She followed that up in 1991 during the confirmation hearings for U.S. Supreme Court nominee Clarence Thomas. She joined a group of Democratic House members who crashed a Senate luncheon to complain about their treatment of Anita Hill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She (and Sen. Dianne Feinstein) parlayed anger over the lack of women on the Senate Judiciary Committee that year into the historic 1992 \"Year of the Woman\" election.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'It takes a certain ability to hold tough where you know you have to in order to look at yourself in the mirror, but also to find those areas where you can come together.'\u003ccite>Barbara Boxer\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In the U.S. Senate, Boxer has remained a liberal lion on behalf of issues like combating climate change. But she's also won over staunch conservatives, like Oklahoma Republican \u003ca href=\"http://www.inhofe.senate.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">Sen. James Inhofe\u003c/a>, chair of the Environment and Public Works Committee and a leading climate change denier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have a genuine, close friendship with Barbara,\" Inhofe says. \"She and I joke around a lot, probably more on the floor with each other, and that just drives everybody nuts. Each one knows where the other one is and we can love each other anyway.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite polar opposite views on environmental issues, Boxer and Inhofe have managed to work together to pass bipartisan transportation bills and an overhaul of chemical safety standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boxer describes her \"when to hold 'em and when to fold 'em\" strategy of legislating as an art form. Bottom line: You need to know when to set aside ideological purity to get something done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It takes a certain ability to hold tough where you know you have to in order to look at yourself in the mirror, but also to find those areas where you can come together,” Boxer says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between Boxer and Feinstein, UC's Sandalow says Feinstein is more in the traditional style of a senator -- less vitriol and more behind-the-scenes consensus building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11116433\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11116433\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Boxer-800x493.jpg\" alt=\"Retiring U.S. Senator Barbara Boxer.\" width=\"800\" height=\"493\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Boxer-800x493.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Boxer-400x246.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Boxer.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Boxer-1180x727.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Boxer-960x592.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Retiring U.S. Senator Barbara Boxer. \u003ccite>(Mandel Ngan/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Boxer, on the other hand, \"is more of a flamethrower\" Sandalow says, recalling her attacks on fellow Sen. \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/1995/09/08/us/packwood-case-overview-packwood-says-he-quitting-ethics-panel-gives-evidence.html?pagewanted=all\" target=\"_blank\">Robert Packwood \u003c/a>(R-Oregon) after he was accused of sexual harassment. Packwood eventually resigned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, voters may not care about any of these things. They often decide based on things like which party the candidate belongs to. In this case, both Harris and Sanchez are Democrats so that doesn't help much, and many Republicans say they won't vote for either one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or it may come down to: Who's most likable? Or who agrees most with positions on the issues I care about?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In any case, says Sandalow, the outcome will be anomalous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the history of the republic, there has been a grand total of one female African-American elected to the Senate. That's \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun\" target=\"_blank\">Carol Moseley Braun \u003c/a>of Illinois. And there have been zero Latinas elected. So, whoever California sends is going to look different from the rest of the group.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of our California Counts collaboration with four California public media organizations to cover the 2016 election. The partners include\u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\">KPCC in Los Angeles\u003c/a>,\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/\">KQED in San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/\">Capital Public Radio in Sacramento\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>and\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\">KPBS in San Diego\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The Senate is more intensely partisan than it used to be. So what does it take to be effective? And between Kamala Harris and Loretta Sanchez, who best represents those qualities?",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Tonight’s U.S. Senate debate in Los Angeles will be the last chance to see California Attorney General \u003ca href=\"http://www.kamalaharris.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Kamala Harris\u003c/a> and Orange County congresswoman \u003ca href=\"http://www.loretta.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Loretta Sanchez\u003c/a> face off against each other before the election. It might help voters decide which of these two Democrats is best suited to replace retiring Sen. Barbara Boxer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that begs the question: What does it \u003cem>take\u003c/em> to be a good U.S. senator anyway?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286158461&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286158461'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We put that question to a few of the most senior members of the U.S. Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Work first for the country,” says Vermont Democratic Sen. Patrick Leahy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Somebody who’s willing to work their guts out, but who really does weigh the issues with everything they have and who stands up for their beliefs, even when the going gets really rough,” says seven-term Republican Sen. Orrin Hatch from Utah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leahy and Hatch are the longest-serving senators in their respective parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Maryland's Sen. Barbara Mikulski, who, like Boxer, is retiring after this year, offers this when asked what it takes to be effective: “Show up, stand up and never shut up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Washington, D.C., politicians often fall into one of two categories: workhorse or showhorse. The workhorses get the job done, with or without a lot of media attention. They dig into the details of policy and legislation. They do the heavy lifting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for showhorses, you don't want to get between them and a TV camera, or you could risk bodily harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here's the thing. There's a place for both types of senator, those who use their media savvy to draw attention to issues and those who just get stuff done. And often, the best senators are a little of both.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Senate was traditionally the saucer that was supposed to cool the cup,\" says Marc Sandalow, associate academic director of the University of California Washington Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was supposed to be the reasoned party elders who would come together and cool the feelings of the masses,\" meaning the House of Representatives, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandalow adds that while the Senate was \u003cem>supposed\u003c/em> to be the more staid institution, recently it's become more like the House, with firebrand members like Texas Sen. Ted Cruz, who are willing to attack fellow senators in the name of ideological purity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that kind of behavior doesn't make for an effective senator.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's annoying,\" Sandalow says. \"When you think of the great senators in U.S. history, it's people who understood the inside game and were willing to do things with their colleagues to move the ball forward.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boxer gained national attention in the 1980s as a rabble-rousing member of the House pointing out \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/Barbara_Boxer\">Pentagon waste\u003c/a> -- the infamous $600 toilet seat. She followed that up in 1991 during the confirmation hearings for U.S. Supreme Court nominee Clarence Thomas. She joined a group of Democratic House members who crashed a Senate luncheon to complain about their treatment of Anita Hill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She (and Sen. Dianne Feinstein) parlayed anger over the lack of women on the Senate Judiciary Committee that year into the historic 1992 \"Year of the Woman\" election.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'It takes a certain ability to hold tough where you know you have to in order to look at yourself in the mirror, but also to find those areas where you can come together.'\u003ccite>Barbara Boxer\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In the U.S. Senate, Boxer has remained a liberal lion on behalf of issues like combating climate change. But she's also won over staunch conservatives, like Oklahoma Republican \u003ca href=\"http://www.inhofe.senate.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">Sen. James Inhofe\u003c/a>, chair of the Environment and Public Works Committee and a leading climate change denier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have a genuine, close friendship with Barbara,\" Inhofe says. \"She and I joke around a lot, probably more on the floor with each other, and that just drives everybody nuts. Each one knows where the other one is and we can love each other anyway.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite polar opposite views on environmental issues, Boxer and Inhofe have managed to work together to pass bipartisan transportation bills and an overhaul of chemical safety standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boxer describes her \"when to hold 'em and when to fold 'em\" strategy of legislating as an art form. Bottom line: You need to know when to set aside ideological purity to get something done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It takes a certain ability to hold tough where you know you have to in order to look at yourself in the mirror, but also to find those areas where you can come together,” Boxer says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between Boxer and Feinstein, UC's Sandalow says Feinstein is more in the traditional style of a senator -- less vitriol and more behind-the-scenes consensus building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11116433\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11116433\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Boxer-800x493.jpg\" alt=\"Retiring U.S. Senator Barbara Boxer.\" width=\"800\" height=\"493\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Boxer-800x493.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Boxer-400x246.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Boxer.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Boxer-1180x727.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Boxer-960x592.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Retiring U.S. Senator Barbara Boxer. \u003ccite>(Mandel Ngan/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Boxer, on the other hand, \"is more of a flamethrower\" Sandalow says, recalling her attacks on fellow Sen. \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/1995/09/08/us/packwood-case-overview-packwood-says-he-quitting-ethics-panel-gives-evidence.html?pagewanted=all\" target=\"_blank\">Robert Packwood \u003c/a>(R-Oregon) after he was accused of sexual harassment. Packwood eventually resigned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, voters may not care about any of these things. They often decide based on things like which party the candidate belongs to. In this case, both Harris and Sanchez are Democrats so that doesn't help much, and many Republicans say they won't vote for either one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or it may come down to: Who's most likable? Or who agrees most with positions on the issues I care about?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In any case, says Sandalow, the outcome will be anomalous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the history of the republic, there has been a grand total of one female African-American elected to the Senate. That's \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun\" target=\"_blank\">Carol Moseley Braun \u003c/a>of Illinois. And there have been zero Latinas elected. So, whoever California sends is going to look different from the rest of the group.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of our California Counts collaboration with four California public media organizations to cover the 2016 election. The partners include\u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\">KPCC in Los Angeles\u003c/a>,\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/\">KQED in San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/\">Capital Public Radio in Sacramento\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>and\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\">KPBS in San Diego\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Why Can't We Vote Online?",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>We can bank online and we can shop online so why can’t we vote online?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To answer that question, we first need to agree on what it means, said \u003ca href=\"https://engineering.stanford.edu/people/david-dill\">David Dill\u003c/a>, a computer science professor at Stanford and the founder of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.verifiedvoting.org/about-vvf/\">Verified Voting Foundation\u003c/a>. In other words, what do people mean when they ask: “Why can’t we vote online?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reason people want internet voting is because they want the convenience to vote at home or vote on their smartphone,” Dill said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286035246\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have to agree. I want to vote online like I do everything else online. I want to vote anywhere, anytime and on any device.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If that’s the case, Dill said the answer is simple: We can’t vote online because our personal devices are too easy to hack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousbug]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we had online elections, we would never be able to trust the results of those elections,” Dill said. “These systems are just notoriously insecure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you follow the news, you know that our \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnbc.com/2016/06/17/your-smartphone-could-be-hacked-without-your-knowledge.html\">smartphones \u003c/a>and personal computers are constantly getting hacked. While antivirus companies try, no software can stop all viruses. In fact, you might have a virus on your computer right now and not realize it, Dill said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now you can imagine the impact on trying to cast a ballot on such a machine,” Dill said. “The technology does not exist for secure online voting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But aren't there places that have voted online?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, but Dill says they’ve \u003cem>all\u003c/em> been hacked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, in 2010, the District of Columbia piloted an internet voting system that was created to allow absentee or overseas voters to cast their ballots online. During the pilot, folks were invited to try and hack the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-SGlH1goPA4&w=560&h=315]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the University of Michigan, Professor \u003ca href=\"https://jhalderm.com/\">J. Alex Halderman\u003c/a> and his students took up the challenge. It took them about 36 hours to change votes. The white hat hackers changed votes and wrote in the names of evil robots and characters from sci-fi movies. The kicker? When people were finished voting, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EF--ldYIBnM\">Michigan fight song\u003c/a> came on. As it turns out, D.C. officials hadn’t noticed until a voter called to tell them about the song.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dill is an unlikely soldier in the war against internet voting. He became interested in electronic voting in 2000 during the Florida recount of the Bush versus Gore election. With the failures of punch-card voting exposed, many counties were turning to electronic touch-screen voting machines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dill says he thought it was a good idea but kept hearing conspiracy theories that you can’t audit electronic votes. Dill labeled the notion a “conspiracy” because he was sure it was wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"JyY16juSkUGL3d8mjVPhcsMaYinNCpAW\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being a computer scientist, I thought there must be a way to solve this problem,” Dill said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it turned out, there wasn’t a conspiracy. It was true. And here Dill encountered one of the biggest technical hurdles that need to be cleared before we can vote online in the United States. One of the central tenets of our voting system is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/topic/Australian-ballot\">secret ballot\u003c/a>. Right now, the technology doesn’t exist to track the integrity of anonymous ballots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Voting is a uniquely hard problem,” Dill said. “First of all, what do we want from elections? We really want to trust the result.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That trust means if there’s a dispute, there’s evidence to settle it. And that’s where Dill has come full circle. While he thinks the punch-card voting system used in Florida is defective, Dill thinks the best technology for voting in the United States is paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Paper as a technology has attributes that we can’t really reproduce electronically,” Dill said. “If paper ballots are altered, that’s relatively easy to detect. There’s a physical object and you can track the trail of custody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another benefit of paper? People understand how it works. If you see a poll worker disappearing with a box of votes, you know to be suspicious. Paper offers a level of transparency that electronic voting can’t. And Dill said, that trust in paper has been the underpinning of our electoral democracy.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nGot a question you want to see the Bay Curious team take on? \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious/\" target=\"_blank\">Submit it!\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>We can bank online and we can shop online so why can’t we vote online?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To answer that question, we first need to agree on what it means, said \u003ca href=\"https://engineering.stanford.edu/people/david-dill\">David Dill\u003c/a>, a computer science professor at Stanford and the founder of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.verifiedvoting.org/about-vvf/\">Verified Voting Foundation\u003c/a>. In other words, what do people mean when they ask: “Why can’t we vote online?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reason people want internet voting is because they want the convenience to vote at home or vote on their smartphone,” Dill said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286035246&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286035246'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have to agree. I want to vote online like I do everything else online. I want to vote anywhere, anytime and on any device.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If that’s the case, Dill said the answer is simple: We can’t vote online because our personal devices are too easy to hack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we had online elections, we would never be able to trust the results of those elections,” Dill said. “These systems are just notoriously insecure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you follow the news, you know that our \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnbc.com/2016/06/17/your-smartphone-could-be-hacked-without-your-knowledge.html\">smartphones \u003c/a>and personal computers are constantly getting hacked. While antivirus companies try, no software can stop all viruses. In fact, you might have a virus on your computer right now and not realize it, Dill said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now you can imagine the impact on trying to cast a ballot on such a machine,” Dill said. “The technology does not exist for secure online voting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But aren't there places that have voted online?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, but Dill says they’ve \u003cem>all\u003c/em> been hacked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, in 2010, the District of Columbia piloted an internet voting system that was created to allow absentee or overseas voters to cast their ballots online. During the pilot, folks were invited to try and hack the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/-SGlH1goPA4'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/-SGlH1goPA4'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the University of Michigan, Professor \u003ca href=\"https://jhalderm.com/\">J. Alex Halderman\u003c/a> and his students took up the challenge. It took them about 36 hours to change votes. The white hat hackers changed votes and wrote in the names of evil robots and characters from sci-fi movies. The kicker? When people were finished voting, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EF--ldYIBnM\">Michigan fight song\u003c/a> came on. As it turns out, D.C. officials hadn’t noticed until a voter called to tell them about the song.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dill is an unlikely soldier in the war against internet voting. He became interested in electronic voting in 2000 during the Florida recount of the Bush versus Gore election. With the failures of punch-card voting exposed, many counties were turning to electronic touch-screen voting machines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dill says he thought it was a good idea but kept hearing conspiracy theories that you can’t audit electronic votes. Dill labeled the notion a “conspiracy” because he was sure it was wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being a computer scientist, I thought there must be a way to solve this problem,” Dill said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it turned out, there wasn’t a conspiracy. It was true. And here Dill encountered one of the biggest technical hurdles that need to be cleared before we can vote online in the United States. One of the central tenets of our voting system is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/topic/Australian-ballot\">secret ballot\u003c/a>. Right now, the technology doesn’t exist to track the integrity of anonymous ballots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Voting is a uniquely hard problem,” Dill said. “First of all, what do we want from elections? We really want to trust the result.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That trust means if there’s a dispute, there’s evidence to settle it. And that’s where Dill has come full circle. While he thinks the punch-card voting system used in Florida is defective, Dill thinks the best technology for voting in the United States is paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Paper as a technology has attributes that we can’t really reproduce electronically,” Dill said. “If paper ballots are altered, that’s relatively easy to detect. There’s a physical object and you can track the trail of custody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another benefit of paper? People understand how it works. If you see a poll worker disappearing with a box of votes, you know to be suspicious. Paper offers a level of transparency that electronic voting can’t. And Dill said, that trust in paper has been the underpinning of our electoral democracy.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nGot a question you want to see the Bay Curious team take on? \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious/\" target=\"_blank\">Submit it!\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "For Some, Fixing the Death Penalty Means Speeding Up Executions",
"title": "For Some, Fixing the Death Penalty Means Speeding Up Executions",
"headTitle": "Election 2016 | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Kate and Richard Riggins' son, John, was murdered along with his girlfriend, Sabrina Gonsalves, in 1980. At the time, John was a freshman attending the University of California at Davis. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They were kidnapped and left in a ditch to die with their throats slit,\" says Kate Riggins. The case was unsolved for decades, until a DNA hit led cold case investigators to \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdcr.ca.gov/capital_punishment/docs/condemnedinmatelistsecure.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Richard Hirschfield\u003c/a>, who was serving time in a Washington State prison for child molestation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286001556\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2013, Hirschfield was sentenced to death by a Sacramento jury, 33 years after what became known as \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AlxmMeaW36w\" target=\"_blank\">the Sweetheart Murders\u003c/a>.\" Hirschfield is currently one of nearly 750 people on California's death row.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I’m not too concerned about it because I really don’t think that I’m going to be killed,'\u003ccite>Richard Hirschfield\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>For Richard Riggins, the execution can't come soon enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They’re going to give him a general anesthesia, like people do every day for major operative procedures,\" Riggins tells me. \"He just isn’t going to wake up. He is going to die in his sleep. So cruel and unusual punishment? Not really.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On my visit to death row late last year, Richard Hirschfield, the man who killed John Riggins and his girlfriend, told me he wasn't too concerned about getting an execution date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I’m not too concerned about it because I really don’t think that I’m going to be killed,\" Hirschfield said through the bars on his prison cell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hirschfield has good reason to think that. Since California reinstated the death penalty in 1978, nearly \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Capital_Punishment/history_of_capital_punishment.html\" target=\"_blank\">900 death sentences \u003c/a>have been handed down by juries. And yet the state has executed just 13 condemned inmates. The last was Clarence Ray Allen in January 2006. Later that year, federal \u003ca href=\"http://www.cand.uscourts.gov/jf\" target=\"_blank\">Judge Jeremy Fogel \u003c/a>suspended executions until the state revises the protocol it uses to put inmates to death. There hasn't been an execution since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/How_People_Died_on_Death_Row_in_California_Executed_Natural_Causes_Suicide_Executed_in_Other_State_Other_chartbuilder-1.png\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11110853\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/How_People_Died_on_Death_Row_in_California_Executed_Natural_Causes_Suicide_Executed_in_Other_State_Other_chartbuilder-1-800x506.png\" alt=\"How_People_Died_on_Death_Row_in_California_Executed_Natural_Causes_Suicide_Executed_in_Other_State_Other_chartbuilder (1)\" width=\"800\" height=\"506\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/How_People_Died_on_Death_Row_in_California_Executed_Natural_Causes_Suicide_Executed_in_Other_State_Other_chartbuilder-1-800x506.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/How_People_Died_on_Death_Row_in_California_Executed_Natural_Causes_Suicide_Executed_in_Other_State_Other_chartbuilder-1-400x253.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/How_People_Died_on_Death_Row_in_California_Executed_Natural_Causes_Suicide_Executed_in_Other_State_Other_chartbuilder-1-1180x747.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/How_People_Died_on_Death_Row_in_California_Executed_Natural_Causes_Suicide_Executed_in_Other_State_Other_chartbuilder-1-960x608.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/How_People_Died_on_Death_Row_in_California_Executed_Natural_Causes_Suicide_Executed_in_Other_State_Other_chartbuilder-1.png 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nEven before Fogel stopped executions, legal appeals for death row inmates dragged on for 20 years or more. With that in mind, backers of \u003ca href=\"http://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/en/quick-reference-guide/66.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 66 \u003c/a>are seeking to reduce the time between a death sentence being handed down and carried out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposition 66 seeks to \"mend, not end\" the death penalty so that decades-long delays are eliminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would do that by changing the procedures governing legal appeals, which are automatic in California. It would also require more attorneys to accept death penalty appeals cases and train them in how to handle those cases. And it would shorten the amount of time allowed for state appeals and require death row inmates to work while in prison and pay restitution to their victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's unconscionable that it should take 25 to 30 years, and that individuals are dying on death row of natural causes, when a jury has said that this (death) is an appropriate sentence for very rare circumstances,\" says Sacramento District Attorney Anne Marie Schubert. She thinks Proposition 66 will help deliver more timely justice to crime victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course not everyone agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That initiative is a false promise of expediting death sentences,\" says Santa Clara University Law School professor Ellen Kreitzberg. She supports \u003ca href=\"http://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/en/quick-reference-guide/62.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 62\u003c/a>, a competing measure to end the death penalty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The danger with Proposition 66,\" she says, \"is it does limit and narrow the ability to present newly discovered evidence, which is how most of these innocence claims are presented in court.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and other critics of Proposition 66 think speeding up the appeals process could lead to a catastrophic mistake in California -- like executing an innocent person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The weak link in Proposition 66 might be funding it. The measure contains no language requiring the state Legislature to spend the money on training additional attorneys to handle death penalty appeals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Mateo District Attorney Steve Wagstaffe, president of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdaa.org/\" target=\"_blank\">California District Attorneys Association\u003c/a>, admits that getting Proposition 66 funded could be problematic, especially with a governor and state Legislature opposed to capital punishment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We recognize it’s going to have to rely on the Legislature implementing the will of the people\" Wagstaffe says. \"And if they do not, well, that is on them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of our California Counts collaboration with four California public media organizations to cover the 2016 election. The partners include \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\">KPCC in Los Angeles\u003c/a>,\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/\">KQED in San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/\">Capital Public Radio in Sacramento\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>and\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\">KPBS in San Diego\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Supporters of capital punishment hope Proposition 66 will 'mend, not end' the death penalty in California. But critics see serious problems that could derail its implementation.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Kate and Richard Riggins' son, John, was murdered along with his girlfriend, Sabrina Gonsalves, in 1980. At the time, John was a freshman attending the University of California at Davis. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They were kidnapped and left in a ditch to die with their throats slit,\" says Kate Riggins. The case was unsolved for decades, until a DNA hit led cold case investigators to \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdcr.ca.gov/capital_punishment/docs/condemnedinmatelistsecure.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Richard Hirschfield\u003c/a>, who was serving time in a Washington State prison for child molestation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286001556&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/286001556'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2013, Hirschfield was sentenced to death by a Sacramento jury, 33 years after what became known as \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AlxmMeaW36w\" target=\"_blank\">the Sweetheart Murders\u003c/a>.\" Hirschfield is currently one of nearly 750 people on California's death row.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I’m not too concerned about it because I really don’t think that I’m going to be killed,'\u003ccite>Richard Hirschfield\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>For Richard Riggins, the execution can't come soon enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They’re going to give him a general anesthesia, like people do every day for major operative procedures,\" Riggins tells me. \"He just isn’t going to wake up. He is going to die in his sleep. So cruel and unusual punishment? Not really.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On my visit to death row late last year, Richard Hirschfield, the man who killed John Riggins and his girlfriend, told me he wasn't too concerned about getting an execution date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I’m not too concerned about it because I really don’t think that I’m going to be killed,\" Hirschfield said through the bars on his prison cell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hirschfield has good reason to think that. Since California reinstated the death penalty in 1978, nearly \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Capital_Punishment/history_of_capital_punishment.html\" target=\"_blank\">900 death sentences \u003c/a>have been handed down by juries. And yet the state has executed just 13 condemned inmates. The last was Clarence Ray Allen in January 2006. Later that year, federal \u003ca href=\"http://www.cand.uscourts.gov/jf\" target=\"_blank\">Judge Jeremy Fogel \u003c/a>suspended executions until the state revises the protocol it uses to put inmates to death. There hasn't been an execution since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/How_People_Died_on_Death_Row_in_California_Executed_Natural_Causes_Suicide_Executed_in_Other_State_Other_chartbuilder-1.png\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11110853\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/How_People_Died_on_Death_Row_in_California_Executed_Natural_Causes_Suicide_Executed_in_Other_State_Other_chartbuilder-1-800x506.png\" alt=\"How_People_Died_on_Death_Row_in_California_Executed_Natural_Causes_Suicide_Executed_in_Other_State_Other_chartbuilder (1)\" width=\"800\" height=\"506\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/How_People_Died_on_Death_Row_in_California_Executed_Natural_Causes_Suicide_Executed_in_Other_State_Other_chartbuilder-1-800x506.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/How_People_Died_on_Death_Row_in_California_Executed_Natural_Causes_Suicide_Executed_in_Other_State_Other_chartbuilder-1-400x253.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/How_People_Died_on_Death_Row_in_California_Executed_Natural_Causes_Suicide_Executed_in_Other_State_Other_chartbuilder-1-1180x747.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/How_People_Died_on_Death_Row_in_California_Executed_Natural_Causes_Suicide_Executed_in_Other_State_Other_chartbuilder-1-960x608.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/How_People_Died_on_Death_Row_in_California_Executed_Natural_Causes_Suicide_Executed_in_Other_State_Other_chartbuilder-1.png 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nEven before Fogel stopped executions, legal appeals for death row inmates dragged on for 20 years or more. With that in mind, backers of \u003ca href=\"http://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/en/quick-reference-guide/66.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 66 \u003c/a>are seeking to reduce the time between a death sentence being handed down and carried out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposition 66 seeks to \"mend, not end\" the death penalty so that decades-long delays are eliminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would do that by changing the procedures governing legal appeals, which are automatic in California. It would also require more attorneys to accept death penalty appeals cases and train them in how to handle those cases. And it would shorten the amount of time allowed for state appeals and require death row inmates to work while in prison and pay restitution to their victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's unconscionable that it should take 25 to 30 years, and that individuals are dying on death row of natural causes, when a jury has said that this (death) is an appropriate sentence for very rare circumstances,\" says Sacramento District Attorney Anne Marie Schubert. She thinks Proposition 66 will help deliver more timely justice to crime victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course not everyone agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That initiative is a false promise of expediting death sentences,\" says Santa Clara University Law School professor Ellen Kreitzberg. She supports \u003ca href=\"http://voterguide.sos.ca.gov/en/quick-reference-guide/62.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 62\u003c/a>, a competing measure to end the death penalty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The danger with Proposition 66,\" she says, \"is it does limit and narrow the ability to present newly discovered evidence, which is how most of these innocence claims are presented in court.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and other critics of Proposition 66 think speeding up the appeals process could lead to a catastrophic mistake in California -- like executing an innocent person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The weak link in Proposition 66 might be funding it. The measure contains no language requiring the state Legislature to spend the money on training additional attorneys to handle death penalty appeals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Mateo District Attorney Steve Wagstaffe, president of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdaa.org/\" target=\"_blank\">California District Attorneys Association\u003c/a>, admits that getting Proposition 66 funded could be problematic, especially with a governor and state Legislature opposed to capital punishment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We recognize it’s going to have to rely on the Legislature implementing the will of the people\" Wagstaffe says. \"And if they do not, well, that is on them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of our California Counts collaboration with four California public media organizations to cover the 2016 election. The partners include \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\">KPCC in Los Angeles\u003c/a>,\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/\">KQED in San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/\">Capital Public Radio in Sacramento\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>and\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\">KPBS in San Diego\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "proposition-62-backers-its-time-to-end-californias-death-penalty",
"title": "Proposition 62 Backers: 'It's Time to End California's Death Penalty'",
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"content": "\u003cp>In 2005, Dionne Wilson was desperate for revenge. Her husband, \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Newark-man-should-die-for-killing-San-Leandro-2587867.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dan Niemi\u003c/a>, a San Leandro cop, was shot seven times and killed in an ambush while answering a public disturbance call. The killer was on probation and desperate to avoid going back to prison for having guns and drugs in his possession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.alcoda.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Alameda County district attorney\u003c/a> asked the jury to return a death sentence for the killer, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Capital_Punishment/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Irving Ramirez\u003c/a>. And Wilson wanted it, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I begged for it,” Wilson remembers. “I told them they had to. They have to give me this justice for my children and for my family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson got her wish. Ramirez was sentenced to death. But it didn’t have the effect she hoped for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That verdict was supposed to be the thing that made me feel better,” Wilson says. “And I felt nothing. All I felt was betrayed, disappointed, let down. I was still full of hatred and anger, and it had nowhere to go. It made it worse. It actually made it worse for me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/285845324″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson no longer supports capital punishment. In fact, she’s become an advocate for criminal justice reform and supports \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_62,_Repeal_of_the_Death_Penalty_(2016)\">Proposition 62 \u003c/a>to end the death penalty and make life in prison without the possibility of parole the toughest penalty for first-degree murder in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11109498\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11109498 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Dionne01-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Dionne Wilson's husband Dan Niemi was shot and killed while on duty as a San Leandro police officer. His killer received the death penalty, but she's now opposed to capital punishment.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Dionne01-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Dionne01-400x225.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Dionne01.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Dionne01-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Dionne01-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dionne Wilson’s husband, Dan Niemi, was shot and killed while on duty as a San Leandro police officer. His killer received the death penalty, but she’s now opposed to capital punishment. \u003ccite>(KQED )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The whole system is so broken that there really is no repairing it,” Wilson says. “I think what makes the most sense is just to end it. Let’s be smart on crime instead of this tough on crime that has utterly failed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson is not your typical crime victim advocate. Most not only want to \u003cem>keep\u003c/em> the death penalty, they want to speed up executions with \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_66,_Death_Penalty_Procedures_(2016)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 66\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of California’s 58 district attorneys, including Anne Marie Schubert from Sacramento, oppose Proposition 62. Schubert says the death penalty should be reserved for what many call “the worst of the worst,” whose heinous crimes affected hundreds of victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re talking about well over 200 children, 44 or 45 police officers killed in the line of duty,” says Schubert. “We’re talking about women who have been kidnapped, raped and tortured. We’re talking about serial killers, mass killers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schubert says it would be an injustice to their victims if those death sentences are overturned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If there’s one thing supporters and opponents of capital punishment agree on, it’s that California’s death penalty as it is today doesn’t work. Since California reinstated capital punishment in 1978, about 875 death sentences have been handed down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Capital_Punishment/docs/CONDEMNEDINMATESWHOHAVEDIEDSINCE1978.pdf?pdf=Inmates-Died\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">119 deaths \u003c/a>among condemned inmates in California, only 13 were the result of a state execution. The vast majority died of natural causes or suicide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[deathRow]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last execution occurred in 2006. That same year federal\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/newsroom/watch/archive/288222\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Judge Jeremy Fogel \u003c/a>put a hold on further executions over concerns about the state’s three-drug protocol for putting inmates to death. More than a decade later, California has still not given final approval to a new procedure. Even before that latest legal delay, the average time between conviction and an execution was about 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of death sentences handed down each year in California has been declining since peaking at 38 in 1999. Last year 14 death sentences were returned, and so far this year there have been only six, including one last month in Alameda County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geography matters a lot, too. Los Angeles, California’s largest county, also has given out the most death sentences — 267 since 1978. But a few smaller counties, including Riverside, Kern and San Bernardino, are responsible for a disproportionate number of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\u003cstrong>Number of People Sentenced to Death in California Since 1978\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"720\" frameborder=\"0\" src=\"https://kqednews.carto.com/viz/77761c4e-8693-11e6-8550-0e05a8b3e3d7/embed_map\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em;float: left\">Data from the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em;float: right\">Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Death penalty opponents say capital punishment can’t be fixed and should be scrapped. They argue it’s too expensive, doesn’t deter crime or provide any relief to crime victims’ families. And, they say there’s always the chance legal errors could lead to the execution of an innocent person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposition 62 would replace all existing death sentences with life in prison without the possibility of parole. The inmates would also have to work while behind bars, with some of their wages going to pay restitution to their victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last time a measure to ban capital punishment was on the ballot was 2012, when voters rejected \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_34,_the_End_the_Death_Penalty_Initiative_(2012)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 34 \u003c/a>by 53 to 47 percent. This time around a \u003ca href=\"http://www.field.com/fieldpollonline/subscribers/Rls2547.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Field Poll\u003c/a> in mid-September showed Proposition 62 leading but still short of the 50 percent needed to pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of our California Counts collaboration with four California public media organizations to cover the 2016 election. The partners include \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\">KPCC in Los Angeles\u003c/a>,\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/\">KQED in San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/\">Capital Public Radio in Sacramento\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>and\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\">KPBS in San Diego\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "There hasn't been an execution in California in more than a decade, and the population of death row is now nearly 750. Critics say the capital punishment system is broken.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In 2005, Dionne Wilson was desperate for revenge. Her husband, \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Newark-man-should-die-for-killing-San-Leandro-2587867.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dan Niemi\u003c/a>, a San Leandro cop, was shot seven times and killed in an ambush while answering a public disturbance call. The killer was on probation and desperate to avoid going back to prison for having guns and drugs in his possession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.alcoda.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Alameda County district attorney\u003c/a> asked the jury to return a death sentence for the killer, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Capital_Punishment/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Irving Ramirez\u003c/a>. And Wilson wanted it, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I begged for it,” Wilson remembers. “I told them they had to. They have to give me this justice for my children and for my family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson got her wish. Ramirez was sentenced to death. But it didn’t have the effect she hoped for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That verdict was supposed to be the thing that made me feel better,” Wilson says. “And I felt nothing. All I felt was betrayed, disappointed, let down. I was still full of hatred and anger, and it had nowhere to go. It made it worse. It actually made it worse for me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/285845324″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/285845324″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson no longer supports capital punishment. In fact, she’s become an advocate for criminal justice reform and supports \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_62,_Repeal_of_the_Death_Penalty_(2016)\">Proposition 62 \u003c/a>to end the death penalty and make life in prison without the possibility of parole the toughest penalty for first-degree murder in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11109498\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11109498 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Dionne01-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Dionne Wilson's husband Dan Niemi was shot and killed while on duty as a San Leandro police officer. His killer received the death penalty, but she's now opposed to capital punishment.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Dionne01-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Dionne01-400x225.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Dionne01.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Dionne01-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Dionne01-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dionne Wilson’s husband, Dan Niemi, was shot and killed while on duty as a San Leandro police officer. His killer received the death penalty, but she’s now opposed to capital punishment. \u003ccite>(KQED )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The whole system is so broken that there really is no repairing it,” Wilson says. “I think what makes the most sense is just to end it. Let’s be smart on crime instead of this tough on crime that has utterly failed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson is not your typical crime victim advocate. Most not only want to \u003cem>keep\u003c/em> the death penalty, they want to speed up executions with \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_66,_Death_Penalty_Procedures_(2016)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 66\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of California’s 58 district attorneys, including Anne Marie Schubert from Sacramento, oppose Proposition 62. Schubert says the death penalty should be reserved for what many call “the worst of the worst,” whose heinous crimes affected hundreds of victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re talking about well over 200 children, 44 or 45 police officers killed in the line of duty,” says Schubert. “We’re talking about women who have been kidnapped, raped and tortured. We’re talking about serial killers, mass killers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schubert says it would be an injustice to their victims if those death sentences are overturned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If there’s one thing supporters and opponents of capital punishment agree on, it’s that California’s death penalty as it is today doesn’t work. Since California reinstated capital punishment in 1978, about 875 death sentences have been handed down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Capital_Punishment/docs/CONDEMNEDINMATESWHOHAVEDIEDSINCE1978.pdf?pdf=Inmates-Died\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">119 deaths \u003c/a>among condemned inmates in California, only 13 were the result of a state execution. The vast majority died of natural causes or suicide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[deathRow]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last execution occurred in 2006. That same year federal\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/tv/programs/newsroom/watch/archive/288222\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Judge Jeremy Fogel \u003c/a>put a hold on further executions over concerns about the state’s three-drug protocol for putting inmates to death. More than a decade later, California has still not given final approval to a new procedure. Even before that latest legal delay, the average time between conviction and an execution was about 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of death sentences handed down each year in California has been declining since peaking at 38 in 1999. Last year 14 death sentences were returned, and so far this year there have been only six, including one last month in Alameda County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geography matters a lot, too. Los Angeles, California’s largest county, also has given out the most death sentences — 267 since 1978. But a few smaller counties, including Riverside, Kern and San Bernardino, are responsible for a disproportionate number of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\u003cstrong>Number of People Sentenced to Death in California Since 1978\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"720\" frameborder=\"0\" src=\"https://kqednews.carto.com/viz/77761c4e-8693-11e6-8550-0e05a8b3e3d7/embed_map\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em;float: left\">Data from the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em;float: right\">Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Death penalty opponents say capital punishment can’t be fixed and should be scrapped. They argue it’s too expensive, doesn’t deter crime or provide any relief to crime victims’ families. And, they say there’s always the chance legal errors could lead to the execution of an innocent person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposition 62 would replace all existing death sentences with life in prison without the possibility of parole. The inmates would also have to work while behind bars, with some of their wages going to pay restitution to their victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last time a measure to ban capital punishment was on the ballot was 2012, when voters rejected \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_34,_the_End_the_Death_Penalty_Initiative_(2012)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 34 \u003c/a>by 53 to 47 percent. This time around a \u003ca href=\"http://www.field.com/fieldpollonline/subscribers/Rls2547.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Field Poll\u003c/a> in mid-September showed Proposition 62 leading but still short of the 50 percent needed to pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of our California Counts collaboration with four California public media organizations to cover the 2016 election. The partners include \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\">KPCC in Los Angeles\u003c/a>,\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/\">KQED in San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/\">Capital Public Radio in Sacramento\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>and\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\">KPBS in San Diego\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Realignment 5 Years On: Counties Build Jails for Inmates With Mental Illness",
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"content": "\u003cp>Five years removed from one of the most sweeping criminal justice reforms ever implemented in the state, California’s 58 counties are still coming to grips with the effects of the plan known as Public Safety Realignment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Realignment aimed to satisfy a U.S. Supreme Court order to reduce the state prison population by some 30,000 inmates by transferring responsibility to counties for felons sentenced for non-serious, nonviolent or non-sex offenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, at least 40 California counties have either completed or are planning jail construction projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/285422764″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been about a $2.5 billion windfall for jail construction in California. And that’s just counting state grants, not what counties are spending in matching funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I find it alarming,” San Francisco Deputy Public Defender Jennifer Johnson said. “Of course counties are going to try to get the money. It’s setting counties up to have more jails.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many sheriffs say they don’t choose the inmates they receive, and a lot of jail renovation and construction projects are now geared toward improving conditions for an increasing number of mentally ill inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright pullquote\">‘Jails are just not treatment facilities.’\u003ccite>San Francisco-based clinical social worker Kathleen Lacey\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Plus, crowding in local lockups has also become less of an issue since the implementation of a second colossal change in criminal justice policy enacted in late 2014 — Proposition 47.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initiative reclassified lower-level property and drug felonies to misdemeanors, and jail populations dropped by 8,752 in four months, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/publication_quick.asp?i=1210\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">research\u003c/a> by the Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, counties are building nearly 10,000 new jail cells with state funding, according to data from the Board of State and Community Corrections. Some of the projects have shifted recently, to improve conditions for inmates with psychiatric issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have projects like in Alameda [County], where they are refurbishing a wing of one of the facilities into a mental health space,” PPIC researcher Brandon Martin said. “Ventura [County] is building a new building that will be mental health specific. So is Butte County. Sonoma’s doing the same thing. Humboldt is doing the same thing. There is definitely a big shift.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s also a big fight over it, with some treatment providers and advocates arguing that the state is prioritizing in-custody psychiatric services over a community-based approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where they’re putting their money is all in jails,” said Lizzie Buchen, a spokeswoman for the advocacy group Californians United for a Responsible Budget. “When it comes down to it, they say they don’t have any money left for mental health treatment in the communities, because they have what they call state-of-the-art mental health jails, and then nothing left for mental health in the community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a dichotomy that’s playing out in two Bay Area communities taking very different approaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Continued below.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[realignmentMap]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Improving Conditions in Sonoma County Jail\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sonoma County Assistant Sheriff Randall Walker said that when the community’s main jail opened in the early 1990s, there were only about a dozen inmates who needed treatment for a mental illness. Today the jail holds 440 inmates receiving some kind of psychiatric care, with 198 in special housing for people with more acute mental health issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They may be able to fit,” he said “but you can’t do the proper programming because you can’t get people out [of their cells].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county is building a $44 million behavioral health unit scheduled to open in 2019 — with $40 million in state grant funding. It will house up to 72 inmates and include enhanced space for them to get out of their cells and attend programs, like education or therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Socialization’s a big part of it,” Walker said. “That’s what the new facility is going to give us. It’s going to be the perfect space to do programming, socialization, all the things that are important to treatment.”\u003cbr>\n[contextly_sidebar id=”iPoRDJFuCCTkuYmgMzg9rKXILWkC9ksf”]\u003cbr>\nRachael McDavid heads Sonoma’s chapter of the National Alliance on Mental Illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I see the jails doing what they can,” she said. “They’re trying to be considerate of mental health challenges that people are going through, which many times can contribute to them ending up in jail.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McDavid said while that effort is admirable, communities need to do more to help people connect with organizations and entities that specialize in psychiatric care — so they don’t end up in jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have an episode, they have a crisis, because their mental health needs were not getting met,” McDavid said, “and so they get into bad situations. They make bad choices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Different Direction in San Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Jails are just not treatment facilities,” said San Francisco-based clinical social worker Kathleen Lacey, who specializes in treating patients with severe mental illness and violent criminal histories. “No matter how nice you make it, it’s still run by the Sheriff’s Department, not by mental health professionals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That debate in San Francisco culminated in December, when a group of people opposed to San Francisco’s plans to build a replacement jail similar to Sonoma’s Behavioral Health Center shouted down a Board of Supervisors committee meeting on funding the project. Sheriff’s deputies and firefighters removed three protesters after cutting through the chains that they’d attached to seats in the board’s chambers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city scrapped its plans and relinquished an $80 million grant from the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San Francisco took a big bold move in saying, ‘No, we’re not going to build a new jail,’ ” Lacey said. “It’s unfortunate that that money is only being offered to build jails; it’s not being offered to build treatment facilities, and that’s where we constantly come down the line. There is a lot of money to incarcerate people, and the money for the treatment just doesn’t show up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lacey is part of a group that’s pushing an alternative to jail construction. Along with public defender Jennifer Johnson, she co-authored a paper outlining a “Behavioral Health Justice Center” that would be a place for jails to release inmates who need psychiatric care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have this window of opportunity where there’s oddly bipartisan support for criminal justice and mental health reform,” Johnson said. “I feel this sense of urgency where we have to do something right or we’re going to be stuck with another 40 years of failed policy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco is still deciding how to replace one of the city’s aging jails, a decision expected later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sonoma County is breaking ground on its jail’s new behavioral health unit soon, and expects it to open by 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of our California Counts collaboration with four California public media organizations to cover the 2016 election. The partners include \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\">KPCC in Los Angeles\u003c/a>,\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/\">KQED in San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/\">Capital Public Radio in Sacramento\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>and\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\">KPBS in San Diego\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Five years removed from one of the most sweeping criminal justice reforms ever implemented in the state, California’s 58 counties are still coming to grips with the effects of the plan known as Public Safety Realignment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Realignment aimed to satisfy a U.S. Supreme Court order to reduce the state prison population by some 30,000 inmates by transferring responsibility to counties for felons sentenced for non-serious, nonviolent or non-sex offenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, at least 40 California counties have either completed or are planning jail construction projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/285422764″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/285422764″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been about a $2.5 billion windfall for jail construction in California. And that’s just counting state grants, not what counties are spending in matching funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I find it alarming,” San Francisco Deputy Public Defender Jennifer Johnson said. “Of course counties are going to try to get the money. It’s setting counties up to have more jails.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many sheriffs say they don’t choose the inmates they receive, and a lot of jail renovation and construction projects are now geared toward improving conditions for an increasing number of mentally ill inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright pullquote\">‘Jails are just not treatment facilities.’\u003ccite>San Francisco-based clinical social worker Kathleen Lacey\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Plus, crowding in local lockups has also become less of an issue since the implementation of a second colossal change in criminal justice policy enacted in late 2014 — Proposition 47.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initiative reclassified lower-level property and drug felonies to misdemeanors, and jail populations dropped by 8,752 in four months, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/publication_quick.asp?i=1210\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">research\u003c/a> by the Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, counties are building nearly 10,000 new jail cells with state funding, according to data from the Board of State and Community Corrections. Some of the projects have shifted recently, to improve conditions for inmates with psychiatric issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have projects like in Alameda [County], where they are refurbishing a wing of one of the facilities into a mental health space,” PPIC researcher Brandon Martin said. “Ventura [County] is building a new building that will be mental health specific. So is Butte County. Sonoma’s doing the same thing. Humboldt is doing the same thing. There is definitely a big shift.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s also a big fight over it, with some treatment providers and advocates arguing that the state is prioritizing in-custody psychiatric services over a community-based approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where they’re putting their money is all in jails,” said Lizzie Buchen, a spokeswoman for the advocacy group Californians United for a Responsible Budget. “When it comes down to it, they say they don’t have any money left for mental health treatment in the communities, because they have what they call state-of-the-art mental health jails, and then nothing left for mental health in the community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a dichotomy that’s playing out in two Bay Area communities taking very different approaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Continued below.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[realignmentMap]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Improving Conditions in Sonoma County Jail\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sonoma County Assistant Sheriff Randall Walker said that when the community’s main jail opened in the early 1990s, there were only about a dozen inmates who needed treatment for a mental illness. Today the jail holds 440 inmates receiving some kind of psychiatric care, with 198 in special housing for people with more acute mental health issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They may be able to fit,” he said “but you can’t do the proper programming because you can’t get people out [of their cells].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county is building a $44 million behavioral health unit scheduled to open in 2019 — with $40 million in state grant funding. It will house up to 72 inmates and include enhanced space for them to get out of their cells and attend programs, like education or therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Socialization’s a big part of it,” Walker said. “That’s what the new facility is going to give us. It’s going to be the perfect space to do programming, socialization, all the things that are important to treatment.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nRachael McDavid heads Sonoma’s chapter of the National Alliance on Mental Illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I see the jails doing what they can,” she said. “They’re trying to be considerate of mental health challenges that people are going through, which many times can contribute to them ending up in jail.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McDavid said while that effort is admirable, communities need to do more to help people connect with organizations and entities that specialize in psychiatric care — so they don’t end up in jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have an episode, they have a crisis, because their mental health needs were not getting met,” McDavid said, “and so they get into bad situations. They make bad choices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Different Direction in San Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Jails are just not treatment facilities,” said San Francisco-based clinical social worker Kathleen Lacey, who specializes in treating patients with severe mental illness and violent criminal histories. “No matter how nice you make it, it’s still run by the Sheriff’s Department, not by mental health professionals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That debate in San Francisco culminated in December, when a group of people opposed to San Francisco’s plans to build a replacement jail similar to Sonoma’s Behavioral Health Center shouted down a Board of Supervisors committee meeting on funding the project. Sheriff’s deputies and firefighters removed three protesters after cutting through the chains that they’d attached to seats in the board’s chambers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city scrapped its plans and relinquished an $80 million grant from the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San Francisco took a big bold move in saying, ‘No, we’re not going to build a new jail,’ ” Lacey said. “It’s unfortunate that that money is only being offered to build jails; it’s not being offered to build treatment facilities, and that’s where we constantly come down the line. There is a lot of money to incarcerate people, and the money for the treatment just doesn’t show up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lacey is part of a group that’s pushing an alternative to jail construction. Along with public defender Jennifer Johnson, she co-authored a paper outlining a “Behavioral Health Justice Center” that would be a place for jails to release inmates who need psychiatric care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have this window of opportunity where there’s oddly bipartisan support for criminal justice and mental health reform,” Johnson said. “I feel this sense of urgency where we have to do something right or we’re going to be stuck with another 40 years of failed policy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco is still deciding how to replace one of the city’s aging jails, a decision expected later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sonoma County is breaking ground on its jail’s new behavioral health unit soon, and expects it to open by 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of our California Counts collaboration with four California public media organizations to cover the 2016 election. The partners include \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\">KPCC in Los Angeles\u003c/a>,\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/\">KQED in San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/\">Capital Public Radio in Sacramento\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>and\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\">KPBS in San Diego\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "How Will Small Marijuana Growers Stay Competitive if California Legalizes It?",
"title": "How Will Small Marijuana Growers Stay Competitive if California Legalizes It?",
"headTitle": "Election 2016 | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>For decades, small growers in Humboldt County have made a living cultivating and selling cannabis. But over the last 10 years or so, outsiders have been pouring in to the region trying to cash in on the \"green rush\" for commercial cannabis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The medical marijuana industry has certainly sparked a cannabis boon, but if Californians vote for \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_64,_Marijuana_Legalization_(2016)\">Proposition 64\u003c/a> and allow adults to smoke cannabis purely for recreation, it will be a game changer for the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not hard to find local farmers who worry that larger corporations will eventually squeeze out their smaller operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers like Chrystal Ortiz-Beck and her husband, Noah Beck. Chrystal and Noah currently cultivate medical marijuana for dispensaries. Their farm, or “grow,” as it is known around here, is in Holmes, an unincorporated town right off Highway 101.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/284377273\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes is a remote and rugged place. The South Fork of the Eel River drifts through the valley in which the tiny town sits. It's sparsely populated and laced with redwood trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like in much of Humboldt County, marijuana cultivation has replaced logging as the main livelihood. Chrystal says most of the people here have grown marijuana for decades. But they've hidden it. And for good reason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chrystal is a second-generation grower and says pot farmers used to live a much more fearful existence. She starts to tell me about her family, who lived in Mendocino County. But she stops herself before getting into the details. Growers from her parents’ generation still don’t like to talk about their business. All she will say is that her family's operation was raided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11098950\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11098950\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/IMG_0640-800x600.jpg\" alt='Small growers in Humboldt hope \"connoisseur cannabis\" helps them stay competitive in a changing industry. ' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/IMG_0640-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/IMG_0640-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/IMG_0640-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/IMG_0640-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/IMG_0640-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chrystal and Noah obtained permits to grow legally on their small farm under regulations Humboldt County established last February. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Up until a few months ago, Chrystal wouldn't have been so public about her marijuana grow either. She wouldn’t have cultivated plants out in the open and she definitely wouldn't have invited an outsider like me to visit the farm. But times have changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We're moving into the full sun,” Chrystal says, “out of the trees and out of the shadows and into full sun.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I'm not for the prostitution of the plant. I'm not for the commercialization of the plant.' \u003ccite>Chrystal Ortiz-Beck, marijuana grower\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Today, Chrystal isn’t shy about showing me her farm. As we walk through the greenhouses, she points out the different cannabis strains, with names like OG Kush, Girl Scout Cookies and Blue Dream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chrystal and Noah’s farm is small, less than an acre and fenced off from the road. The couple obtained \u003ca href=\"https://humboldtgov.org/2124/Medical-Marijuana-Land-Use-Ordinance\">permits from the county \u003c/a> to grow legally under regulations Humboldt County established last February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These permits are a big deal in Humboldt County. Over 300 growers have signed up for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chrystal says that while young growers are embracing the new openness, the old-time growers are still suspicious. She says they remember the “pot wars” in the '80s when law enforcement ripped up plants and put people behind bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11100653\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11100653\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Chrystal-800x571.jpg\" alt=\"Chrystal Ortiz-Beck believes there will always be a market for high-grade, organic cannabis. \" width=\"800\" height=\"571\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Chrystal.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Chrystal-400x286.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chrystal Ortiz-Beck believes there will always be a market for high-grade organic cannabis. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Chrystal says many older growers actually oppose Proposition 64, fearing it will bring costly regulations. And, if larger corporations eventually get into the business, the farmers worry it will drive down the price of marijuana. Chrystal says prices are already dropping. Over 15 years, she says, cannabis dipped from $4,000 a pound to around $1,500 a pound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chrystal says many growers in Humboldt County feel like \"Budweiser and Coors and Big Tobacco and Big Alcohol and Big Ag are going to come in and wipe us off the map.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chrystal and Noah are making plans for how to survive if Proposition 64 is approved. They're staking their success on small-batch, organic, high-grade marijuana -- or as they call it, “connoisseur cannabis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noah oversees much of the couple’s cannabis cultivation. He takes painstaking care of each individual plant. He doesn’t use pesticides, but instead sprays them down with seed oil and Dr. Bronner’s soap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11099044\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11099044\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Noah-Plant-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Noah Beck pays painstaking attention to each of his plants.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Noah-Plant-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Noah-Plant-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Noah-Plant-1920x2560.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Noah-Plant-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Noah-Plant-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Noah Beck pays painstaking attention to each of his plants. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Noah points out the tiny hairy flowers on a healthy 6-foot plant. He says, “If these hairs are really looking lush and white and full and thick and sticking up toward the sun, and these leaves are sticking way up and stoked, then I know they are fat and healthy and the crystal formation is coming on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To make a living with marijuana these days, Noah says you need to do more than sell great weed. He and Chrystal want their farm to be a tourist destination — like a vineyard, but for cannabis. “A place,\" Noah says, \"where you can sit down, have a nice lunch and enjoy a smoke, a glass of wine, maybe stay the night in a little house.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A “bud-and-breakfast,” Chrystal chimes in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If California voters do agree to legalize recreational marijuana, then tourists could stop in at Noah and Chrystal's \"bud-and-breakfast\". Yet, Chrystal can't help worrying about the local cannabis culture turning corporate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I'm not for the prostitution of the plant,” Chrystal says, “I'm not for the commercialization of the plant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chrystal says older growers are used to life off the grid. They aren’t good at following regulations and working with the law. She thinks many of them won’t have the business sense, the money or the inclination to compete on a larger scale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"4VnaPrK78MTCG2xnnJlfDq9mfkjNarPE\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I ask Chrystal if she plans to vote to legalize. She pauses a moment before answering. “I would say no,” she says, because of how it could impact small growers. Then, she adds, “I will probably vote for it only because I feel like some lightning bolt will come down and strike me out of the sky if I vote against legalization.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At night Chrystal, Noah, their kids and a few helpers from the farm gather around a big picnic table for dinner. They relax, banter and share news of the day. Later, around a campfire, Noah and Chrystal pack a bowl and smoke. Some day soon, they hope tourists will be pulling off the highway to join them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of our California Counts collaboration with four California public media organizations to cover the 2016 election. The partners include\u003c/em> \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\">KPCC in Los Angeles\u003c/a>,\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/\">KQED in San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/\">Capital Public Radio in Sacramento\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>and\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\">KPBS in San Diego\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For decades, small growers in Humboldt County have made a living cultivating and selling cannabis. But over the last 10 years or so, outsiders have been pouring in to the region trying to cash in on the \"green rush\" for commercial cannabis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The medical marijuana industry has certainly sparked a cannabis boon, but if Californians vote for \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_64,_Marijuana_Legalization_(2016)\">Proposition 64\u003c/a> and allow adults to smoke cannabis purely for recreation, it will be a game changer for the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not hard to find local farmers who worry that larger corporations will eventually squeeze out their smaller operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers like Chrystal Ortiz-Beck and her husband, Noah Beck. Chrystal and Noah currently cultivate medical marijuana for dispensaries. Their farm, or “grow,” as it is known around here, is in Holmes, an unincorporated town right off Highway 101.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/284377273&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/284377273'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes is a remote and rugged place. The South Fork of the Eel River drifts through the valley in which the tiny town sits. It's sparsely populated and laced with redwood trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like in much of Humboldt County, marijuana cultivation has replaced logging as the main livelihood. Chrystal says most of the people here have grown marijuana for decades. But they've hidden it. And for good reason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chrystal is a second-generation grower and says pot farmers used to live a much more fearful existence. She starts to tell me about her family, who lived in Mendocino County. But she stops herself before getting into the details. Growers from her parents’ generation still don’t like to talk about their business. All she will say is that her family's operation was raided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11098950\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11098950\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/IMG_0640-800x600.jpg\" alt='Small growers in Humboldt hope \"connoisseur cannabis\" helps them stay competitive in a changing industry. ' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/IMG_0640-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/IMG_0640-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/IMG_0640-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/IMG_0640-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/IMG_0640-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chrystal and Noah obtained permits to grow legally on their small farm under regulations Humboldt County established last February. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Up until a few months ago, Chrystal wouldn't have been so public about her marijuana grow either. She wouldn’t have cultivated plants out in the open and she definitely wouldn't have invited an outsider like me to visit the farm. But times have changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We're moving into the full sun,” Chrystal says, “out of the trees and out of the shadows and into full sun.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I'm not for the prostitution of the plant. I'm not for the commercialization of the plant.' \u003ccite>Chrystal Ortiz-Beck, marijuana grower\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Today, Chrystal isn’t shy about showing me her farm. As we walk through the greenhouses, she points out the different cannabis strains, with names like OG Kush, Girl Scout Cookies and Blue Dream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chrystal and Noah’s farm is small, less than an acre and fenced off from the road. The couple obtained \u003ca href=\"https://humboldtgov.org/2124/Medical-Marijuana-Land-Use-Ordinance\">permits from the county \u003c/a> to grow legally under regulations Humboldt County established last February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These permits are a big deal in Humboldt County. Over 300 growers have signed up for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chrystal says that while young growers are embracing the new openness, the old-time growers are still suspicious. She says they remember the “pot wars” in the '80s when law enforcement ripped up plants and put people behind bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11100653\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11100653\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Chrystal-800x571.jpg\" alt=\"Chrystal Ortiz-Beck believes there will always be a market for high-grade, organic cannabis. \" width=\"800\" height=\"571\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Chrystal.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Chrystal-400x286.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chrystal Ortiz-Beck believes there will always be a market for high-grade organic cannabis. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Chrystal says many older growers actually oppose Proposition 64, fearing it will bring costly regulations. And, if larger corporations eventually get into the business, the farmers worry it will drive down the price of marijuana. Chrystal says prices are already dropping. Over 15 years, she says, cannabis dipped from $4,000 a pound to around $1,500 a pound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chrystal says many growers in Humboldt County feel like \"Budweiser and Coors and Big Tobacco and Big Alcohol and Big Ag are going to come in and wipe us off the map.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chrystal and Noah are making plans for how to survive if Proposition 64 is approved. They're staking their success on small-batch, organic, high-grade marijuana -- or as they call it, “connoisseur cannabis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noah oversees much of the couple’s cannabis cultivation. He takes painstaking care of each individual plant. He doesn’t use pesticides, but instead sprays them down with seed oil and Dr. Bronner’s soap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11099044\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11099044\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Noah-Plant-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Noah Beck pays painstaking attention to each of his plants.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Noah-Plant-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Noah-Plant-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Noah-Plant-1920x2560.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Noah-Plant-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Noah-Plant-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Noah Beck pays painstaking attention to each of his plants. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Noah points out the tiny hairy flowers on a healthy 6-foot plant. He says, “If these hairs are really looking lush and white and full and thick and sticking up toward the sun, and these leaves are sticking way up and stoked, then I know they are fat and healthy and the crystal formation is coming on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To make a living with marijuana these days, Noah says you need to do more than sell great weed. He and Chrystal want their farm to be a tourist destination — like a vineyard, but for cannabis. “A place,\" Noah says, \"where you can sit down, have a nice lunch and enjoy a smoke, a glass of wine, maybe stay the night in a little house.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A “bud-and-breakfast,” Chrystal chimes in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If California voters do agree to legalize recreational marijuana, then tourists could stop in at Noah and Chrystal's \"bud-and-breakfast\". Yet, Chrystal can't help worrying about the local cannabis culture turning corporate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I'm not for the prostitution of the plant,” Chrystal says, “I'm not for the commercialization of the plant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chrystal says older growers are used to life off the grid. They aren’t good at following regulations and working with the law. She thinks many of them won’t have the business sense, the money or the inclination to compete on a larger scale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I ask Chrystal if she plans to vote to legalize. She pauses a moment before answering. “I would say no,” she says, because of how it could impact small growers. Then, she adds, “I will probably vote for it only because I feel like some lightning bolt will come down and strike me out of the sky if I vote against legalization.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At night Chrystal, Noah, their kids and a few helpers from the farm gather around a big picnic table for dinner. They relax, banter and share news of the day. Later, around a campfire, Noah and Chrystal pack a bowl and smoke. Some day soon, they hope tourists will be pulling off the highway to join them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of our California Counts collaboration with four California public media organizations to cover the 2016 election. The partners include\u003c/em> \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\">KPCC in Los Angeles\u003c/a>,\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/\">KQED in San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/\">Capital Public Radio in Sacramento\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>and\u003c/em>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\">KPBS in San Diego\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>There are two completely opposite November ballot measures dealing with capital punishment, and a \u003ca href=\"http://www.field.com/fieldpollonline/subscribers/Rls2547.pdf\">new poll \u003c/a>shows neither one is getting support from a majority of voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_62,_Repeal_of_the_Death_Penalty_(2016)\">Proposition 62 \u003c/a>would repeal the state’s death penalty and replace it with life in prison without the possibility of parole. It falls just short of the simple majority it needs to pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forty-eight percent of likely voters support it, while 37 percent are against it. Fifteen percent are undecided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_66,_Death_Penalty_Procedures_(2016)\">Proposition 66\u003c/a>, a rival measure that would speed up the death penalty process by shortening legal appeals, has the support of just 35 percent of likely voters. Twenty-three percent oppose it and 42 percent remain undecided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.field.com/fieldpollonline/subscribers/\">Field Poll \u003c/a>director Mark DiCamillo says even though Proposition 62 is leading, its passage is by no means assured. He points to polling for an earlier measure to repeal the death penalty, Proposition 34 in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In that year,” DiCamillo says, “the Field Poll’s final survey, completed one week before the November election, showed \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_34,_the_End_the_Death_Penalty_Initiative_(2012)\">Prop. 34 \u003c/a>clinging to a narrow 45 percent to 38 percent lead. However, on Election Day the yes side failed to get above the needed 50 percent threshold, and Prop. 34 was defeated 52 percent to 48 percent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_66,_Death_Penalty_Procedures_(2016)\">Proposition 66\u003c/a> is supported by most of California’s district attorneys and many crime victims’ groups. San Mateo District Attorney Steve Wagstaffe, president of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdaa.org/\">California District Attorneys Association\u003c/a>, says that if the death penalty is abolished, it will be a terrible blow to crime victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It won’t be justice in their minds,” Wagstaffe says. If Proposition 62 passes, he says, “Crime victims will feel once again that the system has failed them. And the concept of life without parole — they simply don’t believe it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of Proposition 62, including former San Quentin Prison warden Jeanne Woodford, say California’s death penalty is unworkable, too expensive and doesn’t prevent or deter crime. Woodford oversaw four executions during her tenure as warden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 750 people are currently on \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Capital_Punishment/docs/CondemnedInmateSummary.pdf?pdf=Condemned-Inmates\">death row\u003c/a>, most of them at San Quentin State Prison. Since California reinstated the death penalty in 1978, 13 inmates have been put to death. And even though the number of death sentences being handed down in California has dwindled, the population of death row continues growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been more than a decade since the last execution. In 2006 a federal judge put a hold on executions over concerns about the state’s three-drug lethal injection protocol. The state is still developing a new policy on executions. Of the 119 condemned inmates who have \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Capital_Punishment/docs/CONDEMNEDINMATESWHOHAVEDIEDSINCE1978.pdf?pdf=Inmates-Died\">died since 1978\u003c/a>, 96 died of natural causes or suicide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>California Counts is a collaboration with four public media organizations in California to cover the 2016 election. This includes \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KPCC in Los Angeles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED in San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Capital Public Radio in Sacramento\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KPBS in San Diego\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Californians don’t seem ready to abolish the death penalty. But they don’t seem ready to make its implementation more efficient, either.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>There are two completely opposite November ballot measures dealing with capital punishment, and a \u003ca href=\"http://www.field.com/fieldpollonline/subscribers/Rls2547.pdf\">new poll \u003c/a>shows neither one is getting support from a majority of voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_62,_Repeal_of_the_Death_Penalty_(2016)\">Proposition 62 \u003c/a>would repeal the state’s death penalty and replace it with life in prison without the possibility of parole. It falls just short of the simple majority it needs to pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forty-eight percent of likely voters support it, while 37 percent are against it. Fifteen percent are undecided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_66,_Death_Penalty_Procedures_(2016)\">Proposition 66\u003c/a>, a rival measure that would speed up the death penalty process by shortening legal appeals, has the support of just 35 percent of likely voters. Twenty-three percent oppose it and 42 percent remain undecided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.field.com/fieldpollonline/subscribers/\">Field Poll \u003c/a>director Mark DiCamillo says even though Proposition 62 is leading, its passage is by no means assured. He points to polling for an earlier measure to repeal the death penalty, Proposition 34 in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In that year,” DiCamillo says, “the Field Poll’s final survey, completed one week before the November election, showed \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_34,_the_End_the_Death_Penalty_Initiative_(2012)\">Prop. 34 \u003c/a>clinging to a narrow 45 percent to 38 percent lead. However, on Election Day the yes side failed to get above the needed 50 percent threshold, and Prop. 34 was defeated 52 percent to 48 percent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_66,_Death_Penalty_Procedures_(2016)\">Proposition 66\u003c/a> is supported by most of California’s district attorneys and many crime victims’ groups. San Mateo District Attorney Steve Wagstaffe, president of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdaa.org/\">California District Attorneys Association\u003c/a>, says that if the death penalty is abolished, it will be a terrible blow to crime victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It won’t be justice in their minds,” Wagstaffe says. If Proposition 62 passes, he says, “Crime victims will feel once again that the system has failed them. And the concept of life without parole — they simply don’t believe it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supporters of Proposition 62, including former San Quentin Prison warden Jeanne Woodford, say California’s death penalty is unworkable, too expensive and doesn’t prevent or deter crime. Woodford oversaw four executions during her tenure as warden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 750 people are currently on \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Capital_Punishment/docs/CondemnedInmateSummary.pdf?pdf=Condemned-Inmates\">death row\u003c/a>, most of them at San Quentin State Prison. Since California reinstated the death penalty in 1978, 13 inmates have been put to death. And even though the number of death sentences being handed down in California has dwindled, the population of death row continues growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been more than a decade since the last execution. In 2006 a federal judge put a hold on executions over concerns about the state’s three-drug lethal injection protocol. The state is still developing a new policy on executions. Of the 119 condemned inmates who have \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdcr.ca.gov/Capital_Punishment/docs/CONDEMNEDINMATESWHOHAVEDIEDSINCE1978.pdf?pdf=Inmates-Died\">died since 1978\u003c/a>, 96 died of natural causes or suicide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>California Counts is a collaboration with four public media organizations in California to cover the 2016 election. This includes \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KPCC in Los Angeles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED in San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Capital Public Radio in Sacramento\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KPBS in San Diego\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Would California's Proposed Tobacco Tax Hike Reduce Smoking? Just Ask New Yorkers",
"title": "Would California's Proposed Tobacco Tax Hike Reduce Smoking? Just Ask New Yorkers",
"headTitle": "Election 2016 | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Each time New York increased its tobacco tax -- now at $4.35 a pack -- calls to the state's Quitline spiked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In New York City, Mayor Michael Bloomberg \u003ca href=\"http://www.wnyc.org/story/bloomberg-pushed-new-yorkers-health-and-often-they-pushed-back/\">raised the tax even more\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was so angry with him, I could hardly afford it,” says Elizabeth Lane, a Harlem resident who paid $12 a pack. “I had to beg, borrow and steal to get money to buy cigarettes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, Lane managed to cut down from seven packs a week to four. But sometimes she still didn’t have money to buy laundry detergent or toilet paper. In 2013, after smoking for 40 years, the price tag, her doctor’s warnings and her daughter’s guilt trips -- it all came together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She quit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I said, ‘Lord, I’ve been waiting a long time for this. When will you answer my prayer?’ ” she says. “And he answered this time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/284110040\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California currently has one of the lowest cigarette taxes in the country: 87 cents per pack. If voters pass \u003ca href=\"https://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0081%20(Tobacco%20Tax%20V3).pdf?\">Proposition 56\u003c/a> in November, the tax would go up to $2.87 a pack. Backers of the measure, including the American Cancer Society and the American Lung Association, hope to hit people hard enough in the wallet that they quit smoking, or never start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies support the goal. For every 10 percent increase in the price of cigarettes, smoking goes down 4 percent, according to the 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/reports/50-years-of-progress/index.html\">Surgeon General’s Report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Part of that is people quitting. Part of that is people cutting down,” says Stanton Glantz, a professor of medicine at UCSF and director of the Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In New York City, smoking rates declined from 22 percent of the local population to 15 percent in the decade that the tax, and a ban on smoking in restaurants and bars, was implemented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's smoking rate is about 12 percent, the second lowest in the country after Utah. Most people here who do smoke, Glantz says, don’t smoke that much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It may be that a price increase that will follow Prop. 56 will be enough to just get these light, intermittent smokers to just say, 'Forget it,'\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Glantz’s colleague, behavioral economist Justin White, explains the psychology behind this. He says the vast majority of smokers wish they could quit. They know it’s bad for them. But addiction is a powerful force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s this universal tendency towards immediate gratification,” White says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11097648\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11097648\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/NYCSmokin-800x544.jpg\" alt=\"A man smokes a cigarette in New York City, where the current tobacco tax is $4.35 a pack.\" width=\"800\" height=\"544\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/NYCSmokin-800x544.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/NYCSmokin-400x272.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/NYCSmokin.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/NYCSmokin-1180x802.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/NYCSmokin-960x653.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A man smokes a cigarette in New York City, where the current tobacco tax is $4.35 a pack. \u003ccite>(T. Carrigan/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The craving for a cigarette right now easily overwhelms fears of heart disease or lung cancer in the future. But, White says, a cigarette tax can flip that. A tax also hits right now, and that has the power to compete with the desire for a cigarette.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Increasing taxes is a way to really bring that back to equilibrium, the cost in the future versus the benefits now,” White says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question is, how much. He says a $1 or $2 tax is enough to sway smokers with a mild self-control problem. But for smokers with a strong addiction, the tax needs to be between $5 and $10 to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Either way, White says, a tax is most effective when paired with support from a cessation program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this is where opponents have been digging into Proposition 56. The No on 56 campaign, backed by tobacco companies R.J, Reynolds and Philip Morris, have raised $56 million to defeat the measure. Supporters have raised $17.5 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'It may be that a price increase will be enough to just get these light, intermittent smokers to just say, 'Forget it.''\u003ccite>Stanton Glantz, professor of medicine at UCSF\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Opponents are investing in \u003ca href=\"http://audio.californiareport.org/archive/R201609160850/b\">radio ads\u003c/a> that say proponents “are telling us Proposition 56 is all about helping people stop smoking. But follow the money, and you’ll find out that only 13 percent of the new taxes would actually help people quit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is true. Of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/BallotAnalysis/Proposition?number=56&year=2016\">$1.4 billion\u003c/a> that Proposition 56 is expected to raise from the tax, 13 percent would go to the state’s cessation programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But UCSF professor Stanton Glantz says that’s still $100 million, and that’s enough to fully serve all would-be quitters who need help. The rest of the tax money would go to Medi-Cal, the state’s low-income health care program, which covers care for one in three Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents ultimately reject the tax, no matter how the revenues would be spent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m opposed to every manner of taxing,” says Steven Greenhut, Western Region director for the R Street Institute, a free market think tank that promotes limited government. “Let people make their own choices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He doesn’t like that Proposition 56 would tax e-cigarettes, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Vaping is not entirely safe,” he says. “But it’s pretty clear that vaping is far less harmful than smoking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11097727\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11097727\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Vapin-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A man blows vapor from an e-cigarette at a vape lounge in San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Vapin-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Vapin-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Vapin.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Vapin-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Vapin-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A man blows vapor from an e-cigarette at a vape lounge in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Early studies do show that e-cigarettes may have fewer health impacts. But to what degree is unsettled. Either way, Greenhut says it’s premature to tax them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re going to try to get people to stop smoking, why would you hammer a product that is arguably used to reduce smoking?” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The science on this question is even more uncertain. \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/07/160711092301.htm\">Some studies\u003c/a> show teens who vape are more likely to smoke cigarettes, anywhere from two to six times more likely. But some \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/456704/McNeill-Hajek_report_authors_note_on_evidence_for_95_estimate.pdf\">British studies\u003c/a> have found that e-cigarettes can help people quit smoking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No e-cigarette company has filed an application with the FDA to qualify their product as a cessation device. If they did and they succeeded, they would be exempt from the Proposition 56 tax, as is the case with nicotine gun and patches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Elizabeth Lane in New York, the nicotine patch was her ticket to quitting. Now, she no longer huffs and puffs when she walks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can walk up stairs. I don’t cough,” she says. “And the circulation in my legs has improved.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says now she saves the money that she used to spend on cigarettes so she can buy birthday and Christmas presents for her daughter and granddaughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead of being on the receiving end all the time, you know, give me, give me, give me,” she says, “I can give now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Additional reporting by \u003ca href=\"http://www.wnyc.org/people/fred-mogul/\">Fred Mogul\u003c/a> from WNYC.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>California Counts is a collaboration with four public media organizations in California to cover the 2016 election. This includes \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">KPCC in Los Angeles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/\" target=\"_blank\">KQED in San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Capital Public Radio in Sacramento\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\" target=\"_blank\">KPBS in San Diego\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "California has one of the lowest tobacco taxes in the nation. If voters pass Proposition 56 in November, it would rise from 87 cents to $2.87 a pack.",
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"description": "California has one of the lowest tobacco taxes in the nation. If voters pass Proposition 56 in November, it would rise from 87 cents to $2.87 a pack.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Each time New York increased its tobacco tax -- now at $4.35 a pack -- calls to the state's Quitline spiked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In New York City, Mayor Michael Bloomberg \u003ca href=\"http://www.wnyc.org/story/bloomberg-pushed-new-yorkers-health-and-often-they-pushed-back/\">raised the tax even more\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was so angry with him, I could hardly afford it,” says Elizabeth Lane, a Harlem resident who paid $12 a pack. “I had to beg, borrow and steal to get money to buy cigarettes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, Lane managed to cut down from seven packs a week to four. But sometimes she still didn’t have money to buy laundry detergent or toilet paper. In 2013, after smoking for 40 years, the price tag, her doctor’s warnings and her daughter’s guilt trips -- it all came together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She quit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I said, ‘Lord, I’ve been waiting a long time for this. When will you answer my prayer?’ ” she says. “And he answered this time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/284110040&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/284110040'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California currently has one of the lowest cigarette taxes in the country: 87 cents per pack. If voters pass \u003ca href=\"https://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0081%20(Tobacco%20Tax%20V3).pdf?\">Proposition 56\u003c/a> in November, the tax would go up to $2.87 a pack. Backers of the measure, including the American Cancer Society and the American Lung Association, hope to hit people hard enough in the wallet that they quit smoking, or never start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies support the goal. For every 10 percent increase in the price of cigarettes, smoking goes down 4 percent, according to the 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/reports/50-years-of-progress/index.html\">Surgeon General’s Report\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Part of that is people quitting. Part of that is people cutting down,” says Stanton Glantz, a professor of medicine at UCSF and director of the Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In New York City, smoking rates declined from 22 percent of the local population to 15 percent in the decade that the tax, and a ban on smoking in restaurants and bars, was implemented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's smoking rate is about 12 percent, the second lowest in the country after Utah. Most people here who do smoke, Glantz says, don’t smoke that much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It may be that a price increase that will follow Prop. 56 will be enough to just get these light, intermittent smokers to just say, 'Forget it,'\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Glantz’s colleague, behavioral economist Justin White, explains the psychology behind this. He says the vast majority of smokers wish they could quit. They know it’s bad for them. But addiction is a powerful force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s this universal tendency towards immediate gratification,” White says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11097648\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11097648\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/NYCSmokin-800x544.jpg\" alt=\"A man smokes a cigarette in New York City, where the current tobacco tax is $4.35 a pack.\" width=\"800\" height=\"544\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/NYCSmokin-800x544.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/NYCSmokin-400x272.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/NYCSmokin.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/NYCSmokin-1180x802.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/NYCSmokin-960x653.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A man smokes a cigarette in New York City, where the current tobacco tax is $4.35 a pack. \u003ccite>(T. Carrigan/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The craving for a cigarette right now easily overwhelms fears of heart disease or lung cancer in the future. But, White says, a cigarette tax can flip that. A tax also hits right now, and that has the power to compete with the desire for a cigarette.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Increasing taxes is a way to really bring that back to equilibrium, the cost in the future versus the benefits now,” White says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question is, how much. He says a $1 or $2 tax is enough to sway smokers with a mild self-control problem. But for smokers with a strong addiction, the tax needs to be between $5 and $10 to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Either way, White says, a tax is most effective when paired with support from a cessation program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this is where opponents have been digging into Proposition 56. The No on 56 campaign, backed by tobacco companies R.J, Reynolds and Philip Morris, have raised $56 million to defeat the measure. Supporters have raised $17.5 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'It may be that a price increase will be enough to just get these light, intermittent smokers to just say, 'Forget it.''\u003ccite>Stanton Glantz, professor of medicine at UCSF\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Opponents are investing in \u003ca href=\"http://audio.californiareport.org/archive/R201609160850/b\">radio ads\u003c/a> that say proponents “are telling us Proposition 56 is all about helping people stop smoking. But follow the money, and you’ll find out that only 13 percent of the new taxes would actually help people quit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is true. Of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/BallotAnalysis/Proposition?number=56&year=2016\">$1.4 billion\u003c/a> that Proposition 56 is expected to raise from the tax, 13 percent would go to the state’s cessation programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But UCSF professor Stanton Glantz says that’s still $100 million, and that’s enough to fully serve all would-be quitters who need help. The rest of the tax money would go to Medi-Cal, the state’s low-income health care program, which covers care for one in three Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents ultimately reject the tax, no matter how the revenues would be spent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m opposed to every manner of taxing,” says Steven Greenhut, Western Region director for the R Street Institute, a free market think tank that promotes limited government. “Let people make their own choices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He doesn’t like that Proposition 56 would tax e-cigarettes, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Vaping is not entirely safe,” he says. “But it’s pretty clear that vaping is far less harmful than smoking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11097727\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11097727\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Vapin-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A man blows vapor from an e-cigarette at a vape lounge in San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Vapin-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Vapin-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Vapin.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Vapin-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/Vapin-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A man blows vapor from an e-cigarette at a vape lounge in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Early studies do show that e-cigarettes may have fewer health impacts. But to what degree is unsettled. Either way, Greenhut says it’s premature to tax them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re going to try to get people to stop smoking, why would you hammer a product that is arguably used to reduce smoking?” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The science on this question is even more uncertain. \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/07/160711092301.htm\">Some studies\u003c/a> show teens who vape are more likely to smoke cigarettes, anywhere from two to six times more likely. But some \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/456704/McNeill-Hajek_report_authors_note_on_evidence_for_95_estimate.pdf\">British studies\u003c/a> have found that e-cigarettes can help people quit smoking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No e-cigarette company has filed an application with the FDA to qualify their product as a cessation device. If they did and they succeeded, they would be exempt from the Proposition 56 tax, as is the case with nicotine gun and patches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Elizabeth Lane in New York, the nicotine patch was her ticket to quitting. Now, she no longer huffs and puffs when she walks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can walk up stairs. I don’t cough,” she says. “And the circulation in my legs has improved.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says now she saves the money that she used to spend on cigarettes so she can buy birthday and Christmas presents for her daughter and granddaughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead of being on the receiving end all the time, you know, give me, give me, give me,” she says, “I can give now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Additional reporting by \u003ca href=\"http://www.wnyc.org/people/fred-mogul/\">Fred Mogul\u003c/a> from WNYC.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>California Counts is a collaboration with four public media organizations in California to cover the 2016 election. This includes \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">KPCC in Los Angeles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/\" target=\"_blank\">KQED in San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Capital Public Radio in Sacramento\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\" target=\"_blank\">KPBS in San Diego\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Californians Worry About Poverty, Income Inequality, Poll Finds",
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"headTitle": "Californians Worry About Poverty, Income Inequality, Poll Finds | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>A majority of Californians believe poverty is a serious problem, but they disagree over what to do about it. That’s according to a survey conducted for our California Counts public radio collaboration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.csus.edu/isr/calspeaks/\">CALSPEAKS survey\u003c/a> asked hundreds of voters and some nonvoters across California how they feel about a range of economic issues, from home ownership and job security to wage disparity and upward mobility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More feel scared than say that they feel hopeful,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.csus.edu/isr/\">Sacramento State University political scientist David Barker,\u003c/a> who directed the CALSPEAKS survey. The poll asked Californians to weigh in on a laundry list of issues relating to the November election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[LivingPoverty]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survey found that seven out of 10 respondents believe the number of people living in poverty is a “major” \u003cdel>\u003c/del>problem. There was wide agreement, regardless of race, political affiliation, income level or age. Two-thirds of Californians also believe income inequality is a major problem\u003cdel>\u003c/del>. (The cost of health care was another top concern, considered a problem by 70 percent of respondents.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As to solutions, one-third of those polled “strongly favor” the state’s recent $15/hour minimum wage bump approved by the state Legislature in March. Another 26 percent “somewhat” favor the pay increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You could simultaneously view poverty as a problem but not want to raise the minimum wage,” said Barker. “The more conservative (people) would say there needs to be less regulation to free up the markets so more people can get hired.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hike in the state minimum wage came nearly a year after the Los Angeles City Council and Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors passed $15/hour minimum wages of their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[MinWagePoll]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Nothoff, of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.laane.org/\">Los Angeles Alliance for a New Economy, \u003c/a>said those efforts were driven in large part by the L.A. region’s large pool of \u003cdel>\u003c/del>low-wage immigrant workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was really the immigrant community pushing, telling us what it takes to make ends meet and leading the charge to raise the bar for all workers across the state,” said Nothoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Respondents to the CALSPEAKS survey were split over the broader question of whether immigrants (from Asia and Latin America specifically) help or hurt the state’s economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poll found that 38 percent believe immigrants weaken the economy “a little” to “a lot,” while 47 percent believe immigrants strengthen the economy “a little” or “a lot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ImmigrationPoll]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to illegal immigration specifically, 45 percent of respondents say it’s a “major” problem. Another 29 percent view it as a “minor problem,” while 23 percent think it’s little to no problem at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s Note: This story has been updated to include additional information regarding the methodology of the survey.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>California Counts, a statewide public media election collaborative, contracted with the CALSPEAKS Opinion Research Center at the Institute for Social Research, Sacramento State University, to conduct an extensive survey of Californians’ electoral and public policy attitudes.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Institute for Social Research at Sacramento State fielded the survey online and through the mail from Aug. 15 to 24, 2016 using the CALSPEAKS survey panel. It yielded 915 completed surveys and 44 partially completed surveys. CALSPEAKS obtains a representative sample of Californians, stratified by the five major regions in the state. For information on the methodology, please visit: \u003ca href=\"http://www.csus.edu/isr/calspeaks/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http://www.csus.edu/isr/calspeaks/\u003c/a>. For questions about the November election, (the U.S. Senate race and propositions 57, 63 and 64), results reflect registered voters only.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>The margin of error for any individual survey question is equal to or less than +/- 4 percentage points for the overall sample. However, the margins of error are larger if focusing on smaller subgroups, especially racial or ethnic subgroups. These are equal or less than +/- 16 percentage points for African-Americans, and 10 percentage points for Latinos or those of “other races/ethnicities” (including Asian-Americans, Pacific Islanders, Native Americans, and those of mixed race/ethnicity). The numbers, however, have been weighted to reflect California¹s population and are valid for comparisons across the sub-groups.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>California Counts is a collaboration with four public media organizations in California to cover the 2016 election. This includes \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KPCC in Los Angeles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED in San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Capital Public Radio in Sacramento\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KPBS in San Diego\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A majority of Californians believe poverty is a serious problem, but they disagree over what to do about it. That’s according to a survey conducted for our California Counts public radio collaboration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.csus.edu/isr/calspeaks/\">CALSPEAKS survey\u003c/a> asked hundreds of voters and some nonvoters across California how they feel about a range of economic issues, from home ownership and job security to wage disparity and upward mobility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More feel scared than say that they feel hopeful,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.csus.edu/isr/\">Sacramento State University political scientist David Barker,\u003c/a> who directed the CALSPEAKS survey. The poll asked Californians to weigh in on a laundry list of issues relating to the November election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[LivingPoverty]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The survey found that seven out of 10 respondents believe the number of people living in poverty is a “major” \u003cdel>\u003c/del>problem. There was wide agreement, regardless of race, political affiliation, income level or age. Two-thirds of Californians also believe income inequality is a major problem\u003cdel>\u003c/del>. (The cost of health care was another top concern, considered a problem by 70 percent of respondents.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As to solutions, one-third of those polled “strongly favor” the state’s recent $15/hour minimum wage bump approved by the state Legislature in March. Another 26 percent “somewhat” favor the pay increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You could simultaneously view poverty as a problem but not want to raise the minimum wage,” said Barker. “The more conservative (people) would say there needs to be less regulation to free up the markets so more people can get hired.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hike in the state minimum wage came nearly a year after the Los Angeles City Council and Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors passed $15/hour minimum wages of their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[MinWagePoll]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Nothoff, of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.laane.org/\">Los Angeles Alliance for a New Economy, \u003c/a>said those efforts were driven in large part by the L.A. region’s large pool of \u003cdel>\u003c/del>low-wage immigrant workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was really the immigrant community pushing, telling us what it takes to make ends meet and leading the charge to raise the bar for all workers across the state,” said Nothoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Respondents to the CALSPEAKS survey were split over the broader question of whether immigrants (from Asia and Latin America specifically) help or hurt the state’s economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The poll found that 38 percent believe immigrants weaken the economy “a little” to “a lot,” while 47 percent believe immigrants strengthen the economy “a little” or “a lot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ImmigrationPoll]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to illegal immigration specifically, 45 percent of respondents say it’s a “major” problem. Another 29 percent view it as a “minor problem,” while 23 percent think it’s little to no problem at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s Note: This story has been updated to include additional information regarding the methodology of the survey.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>California Counts, a statewide public media election collaborative, contracted with the CALSPEAKS Opinion Research Center at the Institute for Social Research, Sacramento State University, to conduct an extensive survey of Californians’ electoral and public policy attitudes.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Institute for Social Research at Sacramento State fielded the survey online and through the mail from Aug. 15 to 24, 2016 using the CALSPEAKS survey panel. It yielded 915 completed surveys and 44 partially completed surveys. CALSPEAKS obtains a representative sample of Californians, stratified by the five major regions in the state. For information on the methodology, please visit: \u003ca href=\"http://www.csus.edu/isr/calspeaks/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http://www.csus.edu/isr/calspeaks/\u003c/a>. For questions about the November election, (the U.S. Senate race and propositions 57, 63 and 64), results reflect registered voters only.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>The margin of error for any individual survey question is equal to or less than +/- 4 percentage points for the overall sample. However, the margins of error are larger if focusing on smaller subgroups, especially racial or ethnic subgroups. These are equal or less than +/- 16 percentage points for African-Americans, and 10 percentage points for Latinos or those of “other races/ethnicities” (including Asian-Americans, Pacific Islanders, Native Americans, and those of mixed race/ethnicity). The numbers, however, have been weighted to reflect California¹s population and are valid for comparisons across the sub-groups.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>California Counts is a collaboration with four public media organizations in California to cover the 2016 election. This includes \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KPCC in Los Angeles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED in San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Capital Public Radio in Sacramento\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KPBS in San Diego\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"masters-of-scale": {
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},
"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"morning-edition": {
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"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"on-the-media": {
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"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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},
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 5
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
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},
"radiolab": {
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