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"content": "\u003cp>Many in the Bay Area woke up Wednesday bracing for what could be an extended \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12057777/\">government shutdown\u003c/a> that began overnight, spurred by a deadlock on spending bills in the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already, the effects are being felt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the shutdown started at 12:01 a.m., thousands of the region’s federal workers were furloughed and many government services ground to a halt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MT Snyder, a San Francisco-based federal worker and member of the city’s union chapter representing employees at the National Labor Relations Board, woke up suspended from her job, per the board’s shutdown contingency plan. After going into work to set an out-of-office email response and cancel all upcoming appointments on her calendar, she said, she was no longer permitted to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the NLRB, which ensures that private sector workers are able to unionize in line with the National Labor Relations Act, the shutdown means all pending votes and negotiations for workers going through the unionization process in San Francisco will be put on hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12058315\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238026667-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12058315\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238026667-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1706\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238026667-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238026667-2000x1333.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238026667-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238026667-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238026667-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maintenance workers are seen just after midnight at the U.S. Capitol on Oct. 1, 2025, in Washington, D.C. The government shut down early Wednesday after Congress failed to reach a funding deal. \u003ccite>(Photo by Kent Nishimura/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“All of the workers right now who have come to the National Labor Relations Board and said, ‘Hey, we want to have an election, we want to vote on whether or not to have the union’ — none of those elections can happen,” she told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, any local workers who believe that their employer has violated the NLRA won’t be able to request an investigation and support from the board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If a worker says, ‘I was fired for unionizing,’ they come to us … they file a complaint and then the board investigates and can get a remedy for them, can ensure that their rights are upheld,” she said. “There is no other place for them to go if we’re shut down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many other agencies halted operations that weren’t deemed “essential,” in line with contingency plans they all have for lapses in federal appropriations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the Bay Area, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12058137/government-shutdown-2025-national-parks-planning-memo\">national parks\u003c/a> that can be blocked from public access, such as Muir Woods, are closed, and 9,000 parks employees have been furloughed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alcatraz and Fort Point are open, while some bathrooms are locked. Ocean, Stinson and Muir beaches — all part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area — are accessible and have open bathrooms, but their public parking lots are shuttered.[aside postID=news_12019327 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Government-ShutdownAP-1020x679.jpg']NASA’s Ames Research Center in Mountain View has also ceased most operations, according to Jonas Dino, president of the Ames Federal Employees Union, though certain employees are exempt and will continue working, including those in safety, cybersecurity and any mission-critical operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are trying to provide our members with as much [information] for resources like shutdown assistance loans with the SRI Federal Credit Union and union activities,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Air National Guard facility at Moffett Field remains open and “fully operational,” according to Jeffrey Nelan, deputy communications director for the California Military Department. He noted that personnel continue to carry out duties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the Moffett Field Museum is privately funded and also remains open, confusion over the government shutdown is likely to hurt business, executive director Jeff Wasel said. In previous shutdowns, people have assumed the museum was closed, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Shutdowns [are] kind of double-edged swords in that sense,” he said. “We do, at the beginning, suffer a little bit of a downturn, but sometimes that downturn [has been] made up by government employees that have spare time to come in and visit the museum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He is expecting a 20% to 30% decline in revenues while the shutdown is in effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12029189\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/NOAAGetty.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12029189\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/NOAAGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/NOAAGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/NOAAGetty-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/NOAAGetty-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/NOAAGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/NOAAGetty-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/NOAAGetty-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration Earth System Research Laboratory in Boulder, Colorado. \u003ccite>(Byunghwan Lim/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the National Weather Service will continue weather forecasting, emergency responses and some satellite operations, but tours, most research and other services deemed unessential, like fishery monitoring, survey work and stock assessment, will cease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NOAA said it also won’t regularly update its social media pages, which people often check during weather emergencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“NOAA is unable to respond to emails or voicemails that are not mission-critical,” the communications office said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-09/epa-contingency-plan-9_29_25.pdf\">Environmental Protection Agency is operating similarly\u003c/a>, pausing most research and issuance of new grants, permits, guidance and regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the effects of paused “non-essential” work might not be felt right away, they could become more obvious if the shutdown drags on, which Rep. Mark DeSaulnier said is likely.[aside postID=news_12058260 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-903911876-2000x1333.jpg']Speaking on KQED’s \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em> on Wednesday morning, the East Bay Democrat said he was\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101911415/federal-government-shutdown-looms-large-ahead-of-midnight-deadline\"> prepared for a shutdown that rivaled\u003c/a> the record 35-day lapse in appropriations during President Trump’s first term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to be painful,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Depending on just how long it lasts, more services that are still operating as of Oct. 1 could also face disruptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CalFresh, California’s iteration of the federal Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, has enough funding to continue providing food stamps to residents who qualify for about a month, according to DeSaulnier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal courts have enough money to continue paying for operations for \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscourts.gov/data-news/judiciary-news/2025/10/01/judiciary-still-operating-shutdown-starts\">a little over two weeks\u003c/a>, according to the judiciary. After that, they will continue to operate under the Anti-Deficiency Act, but like all federal employees deemed “essential,” court workers won’t be paid until the shutdown ends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the shutdown drags on, government agencies that remain open under the Anti-Deficiency Act — including the U.S. Postal Service, the Transportation Security Administration and the Federal Aviation Administration — could fall into chaos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, travel at LaGuardia Airport in New York \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/06/politics/ten-air-traffic-controllers-shutdown\">was temporarily paused\u003c/a> and other major airports experienced significant delays after unpaid air traffic controllers called in sick to work on the 35th day of that federal shutdown. \u003cem>SFGate\u003c/em> reported at the time that Bay Area airports \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/California-airports-unaffected-by-government-13533315.php\">were largely unaffected\u003c/a>. TSA workers at SFO are not federal employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12058317\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238159587-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12058317\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238159587-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1765\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238159587-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238159587-2000x1379.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238159587-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238159587-1536x1059.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238159587-2048x1412.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. House Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries, D-NY, (L) and Senate Minority Leader Charles Schumer, D-NY, deliver remarks following a meeting with U.S. President Donald Trump at the White House on Sept. 29, 2025, in Washington, D.C. The Democratic leaders met with President Trump to negotiate funding legislation to avoid a government shutdown. \u003ccite>(Photo by Win McNamee/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Not long after the air traffic controllers’ sickout, Trump backed a stopgap spending bill to end that shutdown amid mounting pressure. It’s hard to know how long this one could last.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite Republican control of Congress and the White House, federal agency websites are blaming Democrats for the disruption. On the Department of Housing and Urban Development’s homepage, a banner reads: “The Radical Left in Congress shut down the government. HUD will use available resources to help Americans in need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats refused to sign a Republican-led spending plan for the new fiscal year beginning Oct. 1 in order to try to force the restoration of health care subsidies through the Affordable Care Act, which are set to expire at the end of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, both Democrat and Republican-based stopgap funding plans \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/09/30/g-s1-91217/government-shutdown-midnight\">failed in the Senate\u003c/a>, and DeSaulnier said last-ditch negotiations in the House were unproductive after Republican members didn’t show up to negotiate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear if and when that might change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re not talking to us. They’re being told by the president not to talk to us,” DeSaulnier said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer and a handful of other Democrats broke with the party to pass a Republican spending bill and avoid a government shutdown — inviting\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/16/us/politics/absolutely-ridiculous-democrats-seethe-at-schumer-for-backing-gop-spending-bill.html\"> pushback from leaders\u003c/a> like Speaker Emerita Nancy Pelosi and House Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries (D–N.Y.).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it appears that now, the party is more united behind the idea that a shutdown is a rare bargaining chip with the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the way [Trump] negotiates,” DeSaulnier said Wednesday. “And we’re not having it because every time we try, he wants more. The cost is to the American public and in this instance to the health of this country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/abandlamudi\">\u003cem>Adhiti Bandlamudi\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/bwatt\">\u003cem>Brian Watt\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MT Snyder, a San Francisco-based federal worker and member of the city’s union chapter representing employees at the National Labor Relations Board, woke up suspended from her job, per the board’s shutdown contingency plan. After going into work to set an out-of-office email response and cancel all upcoming appointments on her calendar, she said, she was no longer permitted to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the NLRB, which ensures that private sector workers are able to unionize in line with the National Labor Relations Act, the shutdown means all pending votes and negotiations for workers going through the unionization process in San Francisco will be put on hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12058315\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238026667-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12058315\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238026667-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1706\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238026667-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238026667-2000x1333.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238026667-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238026667-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238026667-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maintenance workers are seen just after midnight at the U.S. Capitol on Oct. 1, 2025, in Washington, D.C. The government shut down early Wednesday after Congress failed to reach a funding deal. \u003ccite>(Photo by Kent Nishimura/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“All of the workers right now who have come to the National Labor Relations Board and said, ‘Hey, we want to have an election, we want to vote on whether or not to have the union’ — none of those elections can happen,” she told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, any local workers who believe that their employer has violated the NLRA won’t be able to request an investigation and support from the board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If a worker says, ‘I was fired for unionizing,’ they come to us … they file a complaint and then the board investigates and can get a remedy for them, can ensure that their rights are upheld,” she said. “There is no other place for them to go if we’re shut down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many other agencies halted operations that weren’t deemed “essential,” in line with contingency plans they all have for lapses in federal appropriations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the Bay Area, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12058137/government-shutdown-2025-national-parks-planning-memo\">national parks\u003c/a> that can be blocked from public access, such as Muir Woods, are closed, and 9,000 parks employees have been furloughed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alcatraz and Fort Point are open, while some bathrooms are locked. Ocean, Stinson and Muir beaches — all part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area — are accessible and have open bathrooms, but their public parking lots are shuttered.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>NASA’s Ames Research Center in Mountain View has also ceased most operations, according to Jonas Dino, president of the Ames Federal Employees Union, though certain employees are exempt and will continue working, including those in safety, cybersecurity and any mission-critical operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are trying to provide our members with as much [information] for resources like shutdown assistance loans with the SRI Federal Credit Union and union activities,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Air National Guard facility at Moffett Field remains open and “fully operational,” according to Jeffrey Nelan, deputy communications director for the California Military Department. He noted that personnel continue to carry out duties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the Moffett Field Museum is privately funded and also remains open, confusion over the government shutdown is likely to hurt business, executive director Jeff Wasel said. In previous shutdowns, people have assumed the museum was closed, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Shutdowns [are] kind of double-edged swords in that sense,” he said. “We do, at the beginning, suffer a little bit of a downturn, but sometimes that downturn [has been] made up by government employees that have spare time to come in and visit the museum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He is expecting a 20% to 30% decline in revenues while the shutdown is in effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12029189\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/NOAAGetty.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12029189\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/NOAAGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/NOAAGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/NOAAGetty-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/NOAAGetty-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/NOAAGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/NOAAGetty-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/NOAAGetty-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration Earth System Research Laboratory in Boulder, Colorado. \u003ccite>(Byunghwan Lim/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the National Weather Service will continue weather forecasting, emergency responses and some satellite operations, but tours, most research and other services deemed unessential, like fishery monitoring, survey work and stock assessment, will cease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NOAA said it also won’t regularly update its social media pages, which people often check during weather emergencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“NOAA is unable to respond to emails or voicemails that are not mission-critical,” the communications office said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-09/epa-contingency-plan-9_29_25.pdf\">Environmental Protection Agency is operating similarly\u003c/a>, pausing most research and issuance of new grants, permits, guidance and regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the effects of paused “non-essential” work might not be felt right away, they could become more obvious if the shutdown drags on, which Rep. Mark DeSaulnier said is likely.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Speaking on KQED’s \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em> on Wednesday morning, the East Bay Democrat said he was\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101911415/federal-government-shutdown-looms-large-ahead-of-midnight-deadline\"> prepared for a shutdown that rivaled\u003c/a> the record 35-day lapse in appropriations during President Trump’s first term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to be painful,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Depending on just how long it lasts, more services that are still operating as of Oct. 1 could also face disruptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CalFresh, California’s iteration of the federal Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, has enough funding to continue providing food stamps to residents who qualify for about a month, according to DeSaulnier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal courts have enough money to continue paying for operations for \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscourts.gov/data-news/judiciary-news/2025/10/01/judiciary-still-operating-shutdown-starts\">a little over two weeks\u003c/a>, according to the judiciary. After that, they will continue to operate under the Anti-Deficiency Act, but like all federal employees deemed “essential,” court workers won’t be paid until the shutdown ends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the shutdown drags on, government agencies that remain open under the Anti-Deficiency Act — including the U.S. Postal Service, the Transportation Security Administration and the Federal Aviation Administration — could fall into chaos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, travel at LaGuardia Airport in New York \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/06/politics/ten-air-traffic-controllers-shutdown\">was temporarily paused\u003c/a> and other major airports experienced significant delays after unpaid air traffic controllers called in sick to work on the 35th day of that federal shutdown. \u003cem>SFGate\u003c/em> reported at the time that Bay Area airports \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/California-airports-unaffected-by-government-13533315.php\">were largely unaffected\u003c/a>. TSA workers at SFO are not federal employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12058317\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238159587-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12058317\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238159587-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1765\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238159587-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238159587-2000x1379.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238159587-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238159587-1536x1059.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-2238159587-2048x1412.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. House Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries, D-NY, (L) and Senate Minority Leader Charles Schumer, D-NY, deliver remarks following a meeting with U.S. President Donald Trump at the White House on Sept. 29, 2025, in Washington, D.C. The Democratic leaders met with President Trump to negotiate funding legislation to avoid a government shutdown. \u003ccite>(Photo by Win McNamee/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Not long after the air traffic controllers’ sickout, Trump backed a stopgap spending bill to end that shutdown amid mounting pressure. It’s hard to know how long this one could last.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite Republican control of Congress and the White House, federal agency websites are blaming Democrats for the disruption. On the Department of Housing and Urban Development’s homepage, a banner reads: “The Radical Left in Congress shut down the government. HUD will use available resources to help Americans in need.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats refused to sign a Republican-led spending plan for the new fiscal year beginning Oct. 1 in order to try to force the restoration of health care subsidies through the Affordable Care Act, which are set to expire at the end of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, both Democrat and Republican-based stopgap funding plans \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/09/30/g-s1-91217/government-shutdown-midnight\">failed in the Senate\u003c/a>, and DeSaulnier said last-ditch negotiations in the House were unproductive after Republican members didn’t show up to negotiate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear if and when that might change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re not talking to us. They’re being told by the president not to talk to us,” DeSaulnier said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer and a handful of other Democrats broke with the party to pass a Republican spending bill and avoid a government shutdown — inviting\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/16/us/politics/absolutely-ridiculous-democrats-seethe-at-schumer-for-backing-gop-spending-bill.html\"> pushback from leaders\u003c/a> like Speaker Emerita Nancy Pelosi and House Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries (D–N.Y.).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it appears that now, the party is more united behind the idea that a shutdown is a rare bargaining chip with the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the way [Trump] negotiates,” DeSaulnier said Wednesday. “And we’re not having it because every time we try, he wants more. The cost is to the American public and in this instance to the health of this country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/abandlamudi\">\u003cem>Adhiti Bandlamudi\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/bwatt\">\u003cem>Brian Watt\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "government-shutdown-who-affected-bay-area-california-social-security-airports-national-parks-courts-fleet-week-sf",
"title": "A Government Shutdown is Here. How Will the Bay Area Be Affected?",
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"headTitle": "A Government Shutdown is Here. How Will the Bay Area Be Affected? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s official: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101911415/federal-government-shutdown-looms-large-ahead-of-midnight-deadline\">The federal government shut down\u003c/a> at 12:01 a.m. Wednesday after Congress failed to pass a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/government-shutdown\">stopgap funding bill\u003c/a> by Tuesday’s deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for how we know local agencies were preparing for the shutdown — and how life in the Bay Area could be impacted this week. We’ll keep updating this guide with more information when we have it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to how a shutdown will affect:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Social\">Social services\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Air\">Air travel\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Parks\">National parks\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#government-shutdown-courts\">Court dates\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#government-shutdown-fleet-week-sf\">Fleet Week\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The impact on federal workers in California and the Bay Area\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A report based on 2024 estimates by the \u003ca href=\"https://democrats-budget.house.gov/legislation/MAGAshutdown\">House Budget Committee\u003c/a> found that the federal government employs more than 187,000 Californians, making up about 1% of the state’s total workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That ratio is roughly the same in the Bay Area, said Jeff Bellisario, executive director for the Bay Area Council Economic Institute. “The federal government’s reach into the state of California is one that’s already relatively limited,” he said. “I don’t necessarily see this [shutdown] as being a huge impact there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to other experts, the scale of a shutdown’s impact will rely heavily on how President Donald Trump’s administration handles the shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12019327 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Government-ShutdownAP-1020x679.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government decides which federal workers are designated essential — “which means they are expected to continue to work at their job despite the fact that they’re not going to get paid,” said Christopher Thornberg, the founding partner of economic research firm Beacon Economics. “Much of it depends on exactly what [jobs] Trump decides to call essential versus non-essential.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Usually, the U.S. Office of Management and Budget determines that distinction. Last week, OMB Director Russell Vought released a \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/f/?id=00000199-7e8f-ddde-a199-fedf6c5d0000\">memo\u003c/a> threatening mass layoffs for federal employees working in programs that are “not consistent with the president’s priorities,” should a shutdown occur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And when it comes to federal workers who \u003cem>aren’t \u003c/em>laid off but who still have their paychecks stopped, many families around the state will be financially affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"Social\">\u003c/a>Social services during a shutdown\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://endhomelessness.org/blog/potential-government-shutdown-what-you-need-to-know/\">National Alliance to End Homelessness\u003c/a>, people receiving health care coverage through Medicaid, Medicare and the Affordable Care Act can expect regular service, even during a shutdown. Social Security payments will likely still be issued. And those awarded homeless assistance grants through the Department of Housing and Urban Development can expect to continue receiving assistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other programs could be in jeopardy, depending on how long the shutdown lasts. Steve Berg, the nonprofit’s chief policy officer, said any other social service programs that require attention from federal officials might be impacted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If nonprofits are trying to get grants or yearly contracts renewed while the government is shut down, those programs could also be halted, said Berg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the people who you go back and forth with about doing that aren’t in the office,” he said, an organization’s funding “could be delayed as a result of the shutdown.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12057897\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1998px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12057897\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/image3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1998\" height=\"1332\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/image3.jpg 1998w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/image3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/image3-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1998px) 100vw, 1998px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lester Johnson (left), a restaurant owner in Richmond, Virginia, stands next to a sign that reads “Affordable Care Act Premiums Will Rise More Than 75%” during a news conference to call on Republicans to pass Affordable Care Act tax breaks on Capitol Hill on Sept. 16, 2025 in Washington, DC. \u003ccite>(Andrew Harnik/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During the first Trump administration, the United States experienced the longest government shutdown in history, clocking in at 35 days. Officials working for Congressman Mark DeSaulnier (D-10) told KQED that in the event of another shutdown of this length, 5 million Californians who are beneficiaries of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) could eventually lose access to their funds. WIC, another nutrition program geared toward women, infants and children — which serves more than 972,400 Californians — could also be impacted in that scenario.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berg said that if you’re receiving assistance from federal programs, you should reach out to your local office for more clarity on what to expect.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"government-shutdown-courts\">\u003c/a>Court dates during a possible shutdown\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to a \u003ca href=\"https://fingfx.thomsonreuters.com/gfx/legaldocs/gkvlaeeydpb/09242025shutdown.pdf\">memo\u003c/a> released last week by Judge Robert Conrad, director of the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts, the Judiciary could sustain operations only through Friday, relying on fee balances and appropriations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11720740\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11720740\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS13793_Waiting-at-Court-e1548365526566.png\" alt=\"Young immigrants wait to enter a San Francisco courtroom for a hearing in 2014.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Young immigrants wait to enter a San Francisco courtroom for a hearing in 2014. \u003ccite>(Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In previous shutdowns, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aila.org/library/government-shuts-down\">American Immigration Lawyers Association\u003c/a> has encouraged people to check with local lawyers and legal groups, particularly regarding ICE enforcement, hearings and removal operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has previously reported that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11962810/government-shutdown-from-national-parks-and-air-travel-to-immigration-how-california-could-be-affected\">courts already have a backlog\u003c/a> of immigration cases nationally. When case hearings have to be rescheduled, it only furthers that backlog and could impact an immigrant’s ability to mount a successful defense against deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"Air\">\u003c/a>Air travel during a possible shutdown\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A TSA spokesperson told KQED Wednesday that around around 61,000 of the agency’s 64,000 employees “are considered excepted or exempt and TSA will continue operations to keep the travelling public safe” — with the agency’s remaining employees temporarily furloughed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While TSA is prepared to continue screening about 2.5M passengers a day, an extended shutdown could mean longer wait times at airports,” warned the spokesperson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials at the Bay Area’s major airports said they are relying on distinctions made during previous shutdowns. Doug Yakel, a spokesperson for the San Francisco International Airport (SFO), told KQED last week that federal workers within the airport like air traffic controllers and customs agents — as well as health workers with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and agents with the Federal Bureau of Investigation — would be considered “essential” and would have to continue working without pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As KQED has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11962810/government-shutdown-from-national-parks-and-air-travel-to-immigration-how-california-could-be-affected\">reported during previous shutdown threats\u003c/a>, this does raise the possibility that these staff may call in sick, potentially causing delays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12057833\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12057833\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/240412-OAKAirport-027-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/240412-OAKAirport-027-BL_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/240412-OAKAirport-027-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/240412-OAKAirport-027-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Passengers walk in to the Oakland International Airport in Oakland on April 12, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Because SFO’s bagging and screening is done by \u003ca href=\"https://www.flysfo.com/about/airport-operations/safety-security#:~:text=Security%20Screening,website%20for%20helpful%20travel%20tips.\">a private company under contract with TSA, \u003c/a>those workers will continue to be paid during the shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland San Francisco Bay Airport (OAK) is following similar guidelines. “We don’t expect any screening or air traffic control services to be interrupted,” OAK spokesperson David DeWitt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José Mineta International Airport (SJC) spokesperson Julie Jarrett told KQED that the airport currently had “no information indicating that SJC will be impacted by a potential government shutdown,” but that staff were “staying in close contact with our local partners and monitoring the situation closely as it unfolds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Federal Aviation Agency, field training of air traffic controllers, random drug testing, financial operations and other activities would halt during a government shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"Parks\">\u003c/a>Visiting national parks during a shutdown\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, hours ahead of a possible shutdown, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12058137/government-shutdown-2025-national-parks-planning-memo\">the National Park Service informed staff of its contingency plans\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to an internal NPS memo by email obtained by KQED, national park sites that \u003cem>can\u003c/em> be made physically inaccessible to the public will be closed, while sites with roads and trails that are accessible to the public will remain open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.doi.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2025-09/doi-nps-lapse-plan2025930508.pdf\">An expanded version of the NPS plan\u003c/a> posted online Tuesday estimated more than 9,000 of the agency’s 14,500 employees are expected to be furloughed in the event of a shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Golden Gate National Recreation Area, which manages many of the Bay Area’s national park sites, has released a list of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/goga/planyourvisit/park-status-during-2025-lapse.htm\">which parks are closed as of Wednesday and which will remain open.\u003c/a> They include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Muir Woods National Monument: Closed\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Alcatraz Island: Temporarily closed Wednesday but “reopening for its regular schedule on October 2 with all facilities OPEN”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Fort Point: Interior, parking lot and Long Avenue and Marine Drive closed, with restrooms open\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>China Beach: Closed\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Ocean Beach: Sloat Blvd parking lot closed, with bathrooms open\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Stinson Beach: Parking lot closed, with bathrooms open\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Muir Beach and Muir Beach Overlook: Parking lot closed, with bathrooms open.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Point Reyes National Seashore is open but with \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/planyourvisit/conditions.htm\">certain bathroom closures\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for the Presidio, which is financially independent from NPS, said that site would remain fully open to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates for America’s national parks have expressed alarm at the last-minute nature of this planning for park closures. Superintendents were only informed during a meeting late Tuesday afternoon about which sites would remain open — followed by the email memo shortly after — according to Jesse Chakrin, executive director of the Fund for People in Parks, an advocacy group that works with small or lesser-known parks in the West.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chakrin said this is the tightest turnaround for shutdown planning he’s seen by a large margin. “They’re asking for each park unit to make a plan, including staffing numbers and associated costs for a shutdown, which is happening in hours,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12057891\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1998px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12057891\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/image1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1998\" height=\"1329\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/image1.jpg 1998w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/image1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/image1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1998px) 100vw, 1998px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">US Park Rangers stand at the closed gate to Joshua Tree National Park, in Joshua Tree, California, on Oct. 2, 2013, the second day of a US government shutdown. \u003ccite>(Robyn Beck/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Emily Thompson, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"https://protectnps.org/\">Coalition to Protect America’s National Parks\u003c/a>, said she and other advocates were concerned the Trump administration would try to keep all parks open through any 2025 shutdown. That prompted the group to \u003ca href=\"https://protectnps.org/2025/09/25/former-nps-superintendents-urge-secretary-burgum-to-close-national-parks-if-government-shuts-down/\">author a letter,\u003c/a> signed by 40 former National Park superintendents, calling for parks to be closed.[aside postID=news_12019327 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Government-ShutdownAP-1020x679.jpg']“Leaving national parks open without National Park staff to help protect visitors and resources is not only irresponsible — it’s dangerous,” Thompson wrote in a statement to KQED. “We don’t leave museums open without curators, or airports without air traffic controllers and we should not leave our National Parks open without NPS employees.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Without adequate staff, if somebody gets in trouble in the backcountry, for instance, it’s going to take a lot longer to get to them and deal with it,” said Bill Wade, executive director of the Association of National Park Rangers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With NPS \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/27/us/politics/trump-cuts-national-parks.html?unlocked_article_code=1.hU8.ZRdY.Ld_Yk_s1WCA6&smid=url-share\">staffing already down by an estimated 24% at parks\u003c/a>, the likelihood of poaching and vandalism would rise even further in the event of an unstaffed shutdown, said Wade, pointing to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/29/us/joshua-tree-shutdown.html\">destruction of trees at Joshua Tree National Park\u003c/a> during the 2019 shutdown. Wade said he’s also worried that parks staff won’t just get furloughed, but are also at risk of being fired outright, after Trump directed agencies to\u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2025/09/24/white-house-firings-shutdown-00579909\"> prepare for mass firings\u003c/a> should the shutdown occur.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"government-shutdown-fleet-week-sf\">\u003c/a>Attending Fleet Week during a shutdown\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12058113/government-shutdown-could-stop-blue-angels-from-flying-in-sf-fleet-week\">San Francisco’s Fleet Week celebration — scheduled to start Sunday — will go on during the shutdown\u003c/a>. But it could lose some of its premier guests: the Blue Angels, as well as visiting Navy and Marine Corps officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the shutdown continues into the weekend, military participation in the annual event would be paused according to the U.S. Navy, which was supposed to celebrate its 250th anniversary at Fleet Week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Mayor Daniel Lurie said his office is “monitoring” the shutdown and remains in contact with federal leaders on any updates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the shutdown is quickly resolved, the Navy said its service members might still make the event. But otherwise, officers, aircraft and ships will not be allowed to participate in Fleet Week or make any other public appearances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our Sailors and Marines look forward to participating in the unparalleled training and outreach events Fleet Week provides,” the Navy said in a statement, adding that the branch of the armed forces would be disappointed if it has to sit out the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our hope is for a swift decision on a funding bill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/carlysevern\">Carly Severn\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/scottshafer\">Scott Shafer\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/mlagos\">Marisa Lagos\u003c/a> contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Now the federal government shutdown is here, what can the Bay Area expect? From social services and courts to national parks and Fleet Week, here's what we know.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s official: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101911415/federal-government-shutdown-looms-large-ahead-of-midnight-deadline\">The federal government shut down\u003c/a> at 12:01 a.m. Wednesday after Congress failed to pass a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/government-shutdown\">stopgap funding bill\u003c/a> by Tuesday’s deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for how we know local agencies were preparing for the shutdown — and how life in the Bay Area could be impacted this week. We’ll keep updating this guide with more information when we have it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to how a shutdown will affect:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Social\">Social services\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Air\">Air travel\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Parks\">National parks\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#government-shutdown-courts\">Court dates\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#government-shutdown-fleet-week-sf\">Fleet Week\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The impact on federal workers in California and the Bay Area\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A report based on 2024 estimates by the \u003ca href=\"https://democrats-budget.house.gov/legislation/MAGAshutdown\">House Budget Committee\u003c/a> found that the federal government employs more than 187,000 Californians, making up about 1% of the state’s total workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That ratio is roughly the same in the Bay Area, said Jeff Bellisario, executive director for the Bay Area Council Economic Institute. “The federal government’s reach into the state of California is one that’s already relatively limited,” he said. “I don’t necessarily see this [shutdown] as being a huge impact there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to other experts, the scale of a shutdown’s impact will rely heavily on how President Donald Trump’s administration handles the shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government decides which federal workers are designated essential — “which means they are expected to continue to work at their job despite the fact that they’re not going to get paid,” said Christopher Thornberg, the founding partner of economic research firm Beacon Economics. “Much of it depends on exactly what [jobs] Trump decides to call essential versus non-essential.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Usually, the U.S. Office of Management and Budget determines that distinction. Last week, OMB Director Russell Vought released a \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/f/?id=00000199-7e8f-ddde-a199-fedf6c5d0000\">memo\u003c/a> threatening mass layoffs for federal employees working in programs that are “not consistent with the president’s priorities,” should a shutdown occur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And when it comes to federal workers who \u003cem>aren’t \u003c/em>laid off but who still have their paychecks stopped, many families around the state will be financially affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"Social\">\u003c/a>Social services during a shutdown\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://endhomelessness.org/blog/potential-government-shutdown-what-you-need-to-know/\">National Alliance to End Homelessness\u003c/a>, people receiving health care coverage through Medicaid, Medicare and the Affordable Care Act can expect regular service, even during a shutdown. Social Security payments will likely still be issued. And those awarded homeless assistance grants through the Department of Housing and Urban Development can expect to continue receiving assistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other programs could be in jeopardy, depending on how long the shutdown lasts. Steve Berg, the nonprofit’s chief policy officer, said any other social service programs that require attention from federal officials might be impacted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If nonprofits are trying to get grants or yearly contracts renewed while the government is shut down, those programs could also be halted, said Berg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the people who you go back and forth with about doing that aren’t in the office,” he said, an organization’s funding “could be delayed as a result of the shutdown.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12057897\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1998px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12057897\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/image3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1998\" height=\"1332\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/image3.jpg 1998w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/image3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/image3-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1998px) 100vw, 1998px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lester Johnson (left), a restaurant owner in Richmond, Virginia, stands next to a sign that reads “Affordable Care Act Premiums Will Rise More Than 75%” during a news conference to call on Republicans to pass Affordable Care Act tax breaks on Capitol Hill on Sept. 16, 2025 in Washington, DC. \u003ccite>(Andrew Harnik/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During the first Trump administration, the United States experienced the longest government shutdown in history, clocking in at 35 days. Officials working for Congressman Mark DeSaulnier (D-10) told KQED that in the event of another shutdown of this length, 5 million Californians who are beneficiaries of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) could eventually lose access to their funds. WIC, another nutrition program geared toward women, infants and children — which serves more than 972,400 Californians — could also be impacted in that scenario.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berg said that if you’re receiving assistance from federal programs, you should reach out to your local office for more clarity on what to expect.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"government-shutdown-courts\">\u003c/a>Court dates during a possible shutdown\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to a \u003ca href=\"https://fingfx.thomsonreuters.com/gfx/legaldocs/gkvlaeeydpb/09242025shutdown.pdf\">memo\u003c/a> released last week by Judge Robert Conrad, director of the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts, the Judiciary could sustain operations only through Friday, relying on fee balances and appropriations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11720740\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11720740\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS13793_Waiting-at-Court-e1548365526566.png\" alt=\"Young immigrants wait to enter a San Francisco courtroom for a hearing in 2014.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Young immigrants wait to enter a San Francisco courtroom for a hearing in 2014. \u003ccite>(Jeremy Raff/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In previous shutdowns, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aila.org/library/government-shuts-down\">American Immigration Lawyers Association\u003c/a> has encouraged people to check with local lawyers and legal groups, particularly regarding ICE enforcement, hearings and removal operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has previously reported that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11962810/government-shutdown-from-national-parks-and-air-travel-to-immigration-how-california-could-be-affected\">courts already have a backlog\u003c/a> of immigration cases nationally. When case hearings have to be rescheduled, it only furthers that backlog and could impact an immigrant’s ability to mount a successful defense against deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"Air\">\u003c/a>Air travel during a possible shutdown\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A TSA spokesperson told KQED Wednesday that around around 61,000 of the agency’s 64,000 employees “are considered excepted or exempt and TSA will continue operations to keep the travelling public safe” — with the agency’s remaining employees temporarily furloughed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While TSA is prepared to continue screening about 2.5M passengers a day, an extended shutdown could mean longer wait times at airports,” warned the spokesperson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials at the Bay Area’s major airports said they are relying on distinctions made during previous shutdowns. Doug Yakel, a spokesperson for the San Francisco International Airport (SFO), told KQED last week that federal workers within the airport like air traffic controllers and customs agents — as well as health workers with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and agents with the Federal Bureau of Investigation — would be considered “essential” and would have to continue working without pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As KQED has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11962810/government-shutdown-from-national-parks-and-air-travel-to-immigration-how-california-could-be-affected\">reported during previous shutdown threats\u003c/a>, this does raise the possibility that these staff may call in sick, potentially causing delays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12057833\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12057833\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/240412-OAKAirport-027-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/240412-OAKAirport-027-BL_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/240412-OAKAirport-027-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/240412-OAKAirport-027-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Passengers walk in to the Oakland International Airport in Oakland on April 12, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Because SFO’s bagging and screening is done by \u003ca href=\"https://www.flysfo.com/about/airport-operations/safety-security#:~:text=Security%20Screening,website%20for%20helpful%20travel%20tips.\">a private company under contract with TSA, \u003c/a>those workers will continue to be paid during the shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Oakland San Francisco Bay Airport (OAK) is following similar guidelines. “We don’t expect any screening or air traffic control services to be interrupted,” OAK spokesperson David DeWitt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José Mineta International Airport (SJC) spokesperson Julie Jarrett told KQED that the airport currently had “no information indicating that SJC will be impacted by a potential government shutdown,” but that staff were “staying in close contact with our local partners and monitoring the situation closely as it unfolds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Federal Aviation Agency, field training of air traffic controllers, random drug testing, financial operations and other activities would halt during a government shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"Parks\">\u003c/a>Visiting national parks during a shutdown\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, hours ahead of a possible shutdown, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12058137/government-shutdown-2025-national-parks-planning-memo\">the National Park Service informed staff of its contingency plans\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to an internal NPS memo by email obtained by KQED, national park sites that \u003cem>can\u003c/em> be made physically inaccessible to the public will be closed, while sites with roads and trails that are accessible to the public will remain open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.doi.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2025-09/doi-nps-lapse-plan2025930508.pdf\">An expanded version of the NPS plan\u003c/a> posted online Tuesday estimated more than 9,000 of the agency’s 14,500 employees are expected to be furloughed in the event of a shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Golden Gate National Recreation Area, which manages many of the Bay Area’s national park sites, has released a list of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/goga/planyourvisit/park-status-during-2025-lapse.htm\">which parks are closed as of Wednesday and which will remain open.\u003c/a> They include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Muir Woods National Monument: Closed\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Alcatraz Island: Temporarily closed Wednesday but “reopening for its regular schedule on October 2 with all facilities OPEN”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Fort Point: Interior, parking lot and Long Avenue and Marine Drive closed, with restrooms open\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>China Beach: Closed\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Ocean Beach: Sloat Blvd parking lot closed, with bathrooms open\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Stinson Beach: Parking lot closed, with bathrooms open\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Muir Beach and Muir Beach Overlook: Parking lot closed, with bathrooms open.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Point Reyes National Seashore is open but with \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/planyourvisit/conditions.htm\">certain bathroom closures\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for the Presidio, which is financially independent from NPS, said that site would remain fully open to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates for America’s national parks have expressed alarm at the last-minute nature of this planning for park closures. Superintendents were only informed during a meeting late Tuesday afternoon about which sites would remain open — followed by the email memo shortly after — according to Jesse Chakrin, executive director of the Fund for People in Parks, an advocacy group that works with small or lesser-known parks in the West.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chakrin said this is the tightest turnaround for shutdown planning he’s seen by a large margin. “They’re asking for each park unit to make a plan, including staffing numbers and associated costs for a shutdown, which is happening in hours,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12057891\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1998px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12057891\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/image1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1998\" height=\"1329\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/image1.jpg 1998w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/image1-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/image1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1998px) 100vw, 1998px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">US Park Rangers stand at the closed gate to Joshua Tree National Park, in Joshua Tree, California, on Oct. 2, 2013, the second day of a US government shutdown. \u003ccite>(Robyn Beck/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Emily Thompson, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"https://protectnps.org/\">Coalition to Protect America’s National Parks\u003c/a>, said she and other advocates were concerned the Trump administration would try to keep all parks open through any 2025 shutdown. That prompted the group to \u003ca href=\"https://protectnps.org/2025/09/25/former-nps-superintendents-urge-secretary-burgum-to-close-national-parks-if-government-shuts-down/\">author a letter,\u003c/a> signed by 40 former National Park superintendents, calling for parks to be closed.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Leaving national parks open without National Park staff to help protect visitors and resources is not only irresponsible — it’s dangerous,” Thompson wrote in a statement to KQED. “We don’t leave museums open without curators, or airports without air traffic controllers and we should not leave our National Parks open without NPS employees.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Without adequate staff, if somebody gets in trouble in the backcountry, for instance, it’s going to take a lot longer to get to them and deal with it,” said Bill Wade, executive director of the Association of National Park Rangers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With NPS \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/27/us/politics/trump-cuts-national-parks.html?unlocked_article_code=1.hU8.ZRdY.Ld_Yk_s1WCA6&smid=url-share\">staffing already down by an estimated 24% at parks\u003c/a>, the likelihood of poaching and vandalism would rise even further in the event of an unstaffed shutdown, said Wade, pointing to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/29/us/joshua-tree-shutdown.html\">destruction of trees at Joshua Tree National Park\u003c/a> during the 2019 shutdown. Wade said he’s also worried that parks staff won’t just get furloughed, but are also at risk of being fired outright, after Trump directed agencies to\u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2025/09/24/white-house-firings-shutdown-00579909\"> prepare for mass firings\u003c/a> should the shutdown occur.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"government-shutdown-fleet-week-sf\">\u003c/a>Attending Fleet Week during a shutdown\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12058113/government-shutdown-could-stop-blue-angels-from-flying-in-sf-fleet-week\">San Francisco’s Fleet Week celebration — scheduled to start Sunday — will go on during the shutdown\u003c/a>. But it could lose some of its premier guests: the Blue Angels, as well as visiting Navy and Marine Corps officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the shutdown continues into the weekend, military participation in the annual event would be paused according to the U.S. Navy, which was supposed to celebrate its 250th anniversary at Fleet Week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Mayor Daniel Lurie said his office is “monitoring” the shutdown and remains in contact with federal leaders on any updates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the shutdown is quickly resolved, the Navy said its service members might still make the event. But otherwise, officers, aircraft and ships will not be allowed to participate in Fleet Week or make any other public appearances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our Sailors and Marines look forward to participating in the unparalleled training and outreach events Fleet Week provides,” the Navy said in a statement, adding that the branch of the armed forces would be disappointed if it has to sit out the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our hope is for a swift decision on a funding bill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/carlysevern\">Carly Severn\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/scottshafer\">Scott Shafer\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/mlagos\">Marisa Lagos\u003c/a> contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "air-traffic-controllers-say-a-push-to-modernize-equipment-wont-fix-deeper-problems",
"title": "Air Traffic Controllers Say a Push to Modernize Equipment Won't Fix Deeper Problems",
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"headTitle": "Air Traffic Controllers Say a Push to Modernize Equipment Won’t Fix Deeper Problems | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>When a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/11/nx-s1-5324543/ntsb-dca-mid-air-collision-american-black-hawk\">midair collision\u003c/a> and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/22/g-s1-68333/newark-air-traffic-controller-atc\">series of radar outages\u003c/a> captured attention in the United States this year, some air traffic controllers thought it might finally lead to solutions for a nationwide staffing shortage and other longstanding problems at the country’s air traffic facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody’s talking about us,” said one controller who works at a facility in the Midwest that handles high-altitude traffic. “You have that one moment of like, ‘oh, some hope. Hey, they see us out here.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that controller watched with growing dismay as the response from federal officials and union leaders coalesced around an effort to upgrade equipment and ramp up hiring. The plan failed to address some other long-held concerns of many air traffic controllers, such as grueling schedules, stagnating pay and an onerous process for taking paid time off, the controller said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The morale just really plummets at that point,” said the controller, who asked NPR not to use their name because they’re not authorized to speak publicly and are worried about retaliation from the Federal Aviation Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not a word of it is about anything that’s going to actually help controllers in the not even just short term, but the mid-term,” they said. “Honestly, it’s more demoralizing than if they weren’t talking about us at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12048863\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12048863\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1201\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg 1800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy holds a news conference at Newark Liberty International Airport, where he announced the reopening of a major runway at the airport, nearly 2 weeks ahead of schedule in Newark, N.J., on June 2.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>U.S. Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy has made rebuilding the national air traffic control system a priority in his first few months on the job. He’s vowed to “supercharge” the hiring of new controllers, and the Trump administration is also seeking to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/08/nx-s1-5391297/air-traffic-control-system-overhaul-modernization\">completely overhaul the technology\u003c/a> used in air traffic facilities across the country, including radar and telecommunications equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month, Congress approved $12.5 billion for that purpose in the budget reconciliation law.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>Duffy called that funding an important “down payment,” though he said it would ultimately take a total of roughly $31 billion to finish the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12033338 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-1243270396-1-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our goal is to make air travel not just safer, but also more efficient,” Duffy said Wednesday during \u003ca href=\"https://transportation.house.gov/calendar/eventsingle.aspx?EventID=408886\">a hearing\u003c/a> of the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee. “State of the art, gold-plated, best in the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, many air traffic controllers say problems with the U.S. air traffic system run deeper than outdated equipment. Some have vented their frustrations anonymously on social media platforms \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doaviation/video/7506983705282596142\">like TikTok\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/atc2/\">Reddit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR spoke to five current and former air traffic controllers for this story. (Most requested anonymity because they are also worried about retaliation from the FAA.) While several controllers welcomed the additional investment in modernized equipment, they were also skeptical that the Trump administration could achieve its goals as quickly as promised. All of them said the FAA is overlooking\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>critical quality-of-life concerns among controllers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, they say they’re expected to work under stressful conditions each day to keep the complex U.S. air travel system operating, in part by working mandatory overtime and six-day workweeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Passengers] get to go where they want to go because controllers are showing up to work six days a week. And they’re tired, they’re exhausted,” said the controller who works in the Midwest center. “But they’re still showing up and doing an amazing job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Staffing shortages squeeze controllers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12048864\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12048864\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1201\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy.jpg 1800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The air traffic control tower at Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport in Arlington, Va., several days after an American Airlines jet collided in midair with a military Black Hawk helicopter, killing 67 people. \u003ccite>(Kayla Bartkowski/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Problems in the nation’s air traffic system were well known within the aviation industry. But they burst into public view in January, when an American Airlines regional jet and an U.S. Army Black Hawk helicopter \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/01/30/nx-s1-5280403/map-plane-helicopter-crash-washington-dc\">collided in midair\u003c/a> near Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/Documents/DCA25MA108%20Prelim.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a preliminary report\u003c/a> from the National Transportation Safety Board, the duties of several air traffic controllers in the local control tower had been combined at the time of the incident, though it’s not clear if that played any role in the collision. Still, the accident focused national attention on the controller staffing shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the facility that handles traffic around Newark Liberty International Airport in New Jersey suffered \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/22/g-s1-68333/newark-air-traffic-controller-atc\">a series of radar and telecommunication outages\u003c/a> in April and May, forcing thousands of delays, diversions and cancellations at one of the nation’s busiest airports. When some controllers took trauma leave to recover from the impact of those outages, that only \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/13/nx-s1-5396838/newark-airport-three-radar-controllers-monitored-airspace-faa\">exacerbated the staffing shortage\u003c/a>.[aside postID=news_12027050 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-1940010763-1-1020x680.jpg']The roots of the air traffic controller shortage go all the way back to 1981, when then-President Ronald Reagan \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/08/05/1025018833/looking-back-on-when-president-reagan-fired-air-traffic-controllers\">fired more than 11,000 controllers\u003c/a> who had gone on strike to protest what they considered to be unfair wages and long work hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That set off a scramble to hire and train thousands of new air traffic controllers. In some areas, the effort succeeded, but facilities that handle some of the busiest and most complex airspace in the world have always been difficult to staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past decade, the FAA has struggled to hire enough controllers to keep pace with retirements — hiring only two-thirds of the controllers called for by its own staffing models, \u003ca href=\"https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/29112/the-air-traffic-controller-workforce-imperative-staffing-models-and-their\">according to a recent study\u003c/a> by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The problem was made more acute by the COVID-19 pandemic, which disrupted in-person training at the FAA’s academy in Oklahoma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FAA currently has \u003ca href=\"https://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/afn/offices/finance/offices/office-financial-labor-analysis/plans/controller-workforce\">fewer than 11,000 certified controllers\u003c/a>, more than 3,000 short of its nationwide target. As a result, many are regularly assigned to work a sixth workday. \u003ca href=\"https://www.natca.org/2025/06/18/national-academies-of-sciences-report-doubles-down-on-failed-controller-staffing-model/\">According to the National Air Traffic Controllers Association\u003c/a>, over 41% of certified air traffic controllers work “10-hour days, six days a week.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s in addition to the taxing schedules many controllers already work, including weekend, overnight and rotating shifts. An \u003ca href=\"https://www.faa.gov/newsroom/media/Fatigue_Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">independent report\u003c/a> commissioned by the FAA found last year that a common controller schedule known as the “rattler” can create “known fatigue risks” and should be eliminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12048865\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12048865\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy.jpg 1800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People wait in line at Newark Liberty International Airport in Newark, N.J. Air traffic control outages, runway construction and staffing shortages contributed to hundreds of delays and cancellations. \u003ccite>(Spencer Platt/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Staying alert at work is critical for controllers tasked with ensuring planes don’t collide and sequencing them for takeoff and landing, said one current air traffic controller at a terminal radar approach control facility (or TRACON) in the central U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t have an off day. We can’t have a day where we come in and say, ‘oh, I’m just kind of not feeling it today. I’m just going to, you know, kind of cruise through the day.’ We don’t get that chance,” they said. “You walk into work and you have to be 100% mistake-free essentially in your entire career or, you know, people die.”[aside postID=news_12033814 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/250211-SkyDaddy-08-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg']Controllers also report that it can be difficult to take paid time off. They “bid” for leave in the fall for the following year based on seniority, and requests for time off on shorter notice — what’s known as “spot leave” — may be denied due to a lack of staffing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It became harder and harder to take leave, to plan family vacations, to even get spot leave if you needed time off for your kid’s baseball game or soccer game,” said one retired air traffic controller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just became more of a shift towards spot leave being denied and feeling like, ‘OK, I need this time off because family is important, so I’m going to take sick leave now,'” they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The head of the union that represents controllers across the country said he understands how hard they’re being pushed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are asking the world of them right now,” said Nick Daniels, president of the National Air Traffic Controllers Association, in an NPR interview. “Every single person has a right to be frustrated right now. When you are extremely short-staffed, you don’t have working equipment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the FAA said it was making it a priority to bolster the air traffic controller ranks by “taking a multi-pronged approach to recruit new controllers, improve training success rates and reduce overall training times.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FAA is expanding academy training by nearly 30%, shortening the hiring process by five months and partnering with colleges and universities to prepare more students for careers in air traffic control, the agency said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Nobody’s talking about pay’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Still, some controllers argue they should be paid more to compensate for the grueling working conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re missing huge chunks of the prime time of our lives with our families to keep airplanes moving,” said the controller who works high-altitude traffic. “We love our job. But, you know, I want to be paid fairly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniels said he has heard that message, too. “I go visit facilities every single week,” said the union president. “One of the main topics is pay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12048866\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12048866\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1201\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy.jpg 1800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nick Daniels, the president of the National Air Traffic Controllers Association, speaks at a news conference at the U.S. Department of Transportation headquarters in Washington, D.C., on May 1. \u003ccite>(Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With the Trump administration slashing staffing across the federal government, the union has not pushed publicly for a raise. Still, Daniels said the union is looking to find areas of agreement with the administration, which is why the union has supported the effort to modernize equipment and hire more staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The equipment has to be addressed,” Daniels said. “12 and a half billion dollars is a good start to where we need to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniels said he expects that the administration’s push to hire more controllers will yield tangible results, possibly ending the staffing shortage within four to five years. “Those things will start to reduce the stresses and pressures of the mandatory overtime,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at least one union member said that does little to ease the pressure on controllers right now — even as many in the government and the general public praise them for doing a critical job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All you’re hearing in the news is staffing [and] equipment, staffing [and] equipment, staffing [and] equipment. Nobody’s talking about pay,” said the high-altitude controller. “The union should be out here every single day talking about pay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FAA air traffic controllers have been working under the same contract since 2016. It’s been extended twice since then — once in 2021 and again \u003ca href=\"https://www.natca.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/NATCA_MOU_Executed_121824.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">last December\u003c/a> — which means their salary ranges haven’t been renegotiated in nearly a decade and won’t be again for at least four more years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s not to say that air traffic controller pay hasn’t gone up. \u003ca href=\"https://www.natca.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/2016NATCACBABookmarks.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Their contract\u003c/a> gives controllers a 1.6% “length of service adjustment” each June. They also receive the \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalpay.org/gs/raises\">raises given to most federal employees\u003c/a> at the beginning of each year at the discretion of the president and Congress. President Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.fedweek.com/fedweek/trump-proposes-no-2026-raise-for-employees-cuts-in-non-defense-agencies/\">has proposed no raise\u003c/a> for federal workers next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Certified controllers receive a starting salary between $70,876 and $152,426 or higher, based on the facility where they work. In the last fiscal year, the average certified controller earned a salary of about $155,000, according to the FAA, plus overtime and other premiums that push the total cash compensation to an average of $193,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a pay raise would help compensate for rising inflation and the added pressures of the job, controllers say, and give a much-needed boost to controllers working at lower-level facilities in high-cost-of-living areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he was running for NATCA president last summer, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-cgtyKrFAc0\">Daniels said\u003c/a> he would work to reset controllers’ pay bands “in 2026 when we go to the negotiating table,” but as president he extended the contract to 2029.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview, Daniels said circumstances had changed since the Trump administration came to power and began slashing the federal workforce. The union stood to lose more than it would gain from reopening the contract, Daniels said. So it’s taking a more cautious approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has to be very strategic, and it has to be in conjunction with this administration and the direction that they’re going to go,” he said. “You can’t be short-sighted when you’re talking about 15,000 peoples’ lives. And just screaming pay to scream pay is short-sighted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The union could also push for other financial benefits besides raises, such as premium pay for working Saturdays and changes to overtime pay, the controller added.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s next for U.S. air traffic controllers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12048867\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12048867\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy.jpg 1800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Planes are parked at Newark Liberty International Airport on May 6. Hundreds of flights were delayed or canceled because of equipment malfunctions at the facility that handles traffic around the airport. \u003ccite>(Andres Kudacki/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Controllers who spoke to NPR offered mixed reviews of the steps being taken by the Trump administration to address problems at U.S. air traffic control facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of Transportation Secretary \u003ca href=\"https://www.faa.gov/newsroom/us-transportation-secretary-sean-p-duffy-unveils-new-package-boost-air-traffic-controller\">Duffy’s plan to staff up\u003c/a> the workforce includes $5,000 bonuses for recent academy graduates and lump sum payments to encourage controllers eligible for retirement to stay on the job longer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s not one silver bullet to shoot on air traffic control,” Duffy told lawmakers on Wednesday. “We have to take all of these multiple steps to move as quickly as possible, to get more young people into the business of air traffic control, and keep more of those experienced controllers on the payroll.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But controllers lament that no similar incentives are being offered to the rest of the air traffic controller workforce, the career employees responsible for the day-to-day task of maintaining order in U.S. skies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am happy for them. I’m glad they’re getting it. They deserve every penny of it,” the TRACON controller said of academy graduates and those eligible for retirement. “But it should’ve been for the entire workforce.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the equipment upgrades, one controller said they were glad the FAA was finally replacing faulty and outdated gear, while another criticized the decision to pay for new technology before wage increases. The retired controller questioned the wisdom of swapping the paper strips controllers use to sequence planes with a digital alternative. “It’s a great system. It doesn’t need to be fixed,” they said. “If it’s not broke, why fix it? It’s not broke at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FAA said in a statement that the new air traffic control system will “enhance safety in the sky, reduce delays, and unlock the future of air travel” and would also ensure that “hard-working air traffic controllers have a system they can rely on and one they deserve.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For some controllers, though, the long-standing problems at the FAA have pushed them to look for work elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former U.S. air traffic controller Chris Dickinson recently left the FAA after feeling burnt out at the agency. He found a job with Airservices Australia, and he and his family moved to the country in May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dickinson said he understands the stresses facing his friends and former colleagues back in the U.S. “I hope it changes for them, because it’s a fantastic job, a wonderful, wonderful career,” he said. “But it just sucks right now because there’s no staffing, morale’s crap.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was after a family vacation to Sydney two years ago that Dickinson began to consider the move. While on the trip, he told several Australian air traffic controllers he met that he had never had weekends off during his career except for a few holidays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were just completely blown away at the fact that anyone could go, like, more than six months without having weekends off, let alone 12 and a half years at that point,” Dickinson said. “And it really made me kind of look back and go, ‘What is it that I’m willing to accept in my short amount of time on this Earth?'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/11/nx-s1-5324543/ntsb-dca-mid-air-collision-american-black-hawk\">midair collision\u003c/a> and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/22/g-s1-68333/newark-air-traffic-controller-atc\">series of radar outages\u003c/a> captured attention in the United States this year, some air traffic controllers thought it might finally lead to solutions for a nationwide staffing shortage and other longstanding problems at the country’s air traffic facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody’s talking about us,” said one controller who works at a facility in the Midwest that handles high-altitude traffic. “You have that one moment of like, ‘oh, some hope. Hey, they see us out here.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that controller watched with growing dismay as the response from federal officials and union leaders coalesced around an effort to upgrade equipment and ramp up hiring. The plan failed to address some other long-held concerns of many air traffic controllers, such as grueling schedules, stagnating pay and an onerous process for taking paid time off, the controller said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The morale just really plummets at that point,” said the controller, who asked NPR not to use their name because they’re not authorized to speak publicly and are worried about retaliation from the Federal Aviation Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not a word of it is about anything that’s going to actually help controllers in the not even just short term, but the mid-term,” they said. “Honestly, it’s more demoralizing than if they weren’t talking about us at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12048863\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12048863\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1201\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy.jpg 1800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy holds a news conference at Newark Liberty International Airport, where he announced the reopening of a major runway at the airport, nearly 2 weeks ahead of schedule in Newark, N.J., on June 2.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>U.S. Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy has made rebuilding the national air traffic control system a priority in his first few months on the job. He’s vowed to “supercharge” the hiring of new controllers, and the Trump administration is also seeking to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/08/nx-s1-5391297/air-traffic-control-system-overhaul-modernization\">completely overhaul the technology\u003c/a> used in air traffic facilities across the country, including radar and telecommunications equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month, Congress approved $12.5 billion for that purpose in the budget reconciliation law.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>Duffy called that funding an important “down payment,” though he said it would ultimately take a total of roughly $31 billion to finish the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our goal is to make air travel not just safer, but also more efficient,” Duffy said Wednesday during \u003ca href=\"https://transportation.house.gov/calendar/eventsingle.aspx?EventID=408886\">a hearing\u003c/a> of the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee. “State of the art, gold-plated, best in the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, many air traffic controllers say problems with the U.S. air traffic system run deeper than outdated equipment. Some have vented their frustrations anonymously on social media platforms \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doaviation/video/7506983705282596142\">like TikTok\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/atc2/\">Reddit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR spoke to five current and former air traffic controllers for this story. (Most requested anonymity because they are also worried about retaliation from the FAA.) While several controllers welcomed the additional investment in modernized equipment, they were also skeptical that the Trump administration could achieve its goals as quickly as promised. All of them said the FAA is overlooking\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>critical quality-of-life concerns among controllers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, they say they’re expected to work under stressful conditions each day to keep the complex U.S. air travel system operating, in part by working mandatory overtime and six-day workweeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Passengers] get to go where they want to go because controllers are showing up to work six days a week. And they’re tired, they’re exhausted,” said the controller who works in the Midwest center. “But they’re still showing up and doing an amazing job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Staffing shortages squeeze controllers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12048864\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12048864\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1201\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy.jpg 1800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The air traffic control tower at Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport in Arlington, Va., several days after an American Airlines jet collided in midair with a military Black Hawk helicopter, killing 67 people. \u003ccite>(Kayla Bartkowski/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Problems in the nation’s air traffic system were well known within the aviation industry. But they burst into public view in January, when an American Airlines regional jet and an U.S. Army Black Hawk helicopter \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/01/30/nx-s1-5280403/map-plane-helicopter-crash-washington-dc\">collided in midair\u003c/a> near Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/Documents/DCA25MA108%20Prelim.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a preliminary report\u003c/a> from the National Transportation Safety Board, the duties of several air traffic controllers in the local control tower had been combined at the time of the incident, though it’s not clear if that played any role in the collision. Still, the accident focused national attention on the controller staffing shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the facility that handles traffic around Newark Liberty International Airport in New Jersey suffered \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/22/g-s1-68333/newark-air-traffic-controller-atc\">a series of radar and telecommunication outages\u003c/a> in April and May, forcing thousands of delays, diversions and cancellations at one of the nation’s busiest airports. When some controllers took trauma leave to recover from the impact of those outages, that only \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/13/nx-s1-5396838/newark-airport-three-radar-controllers-monitored-airspace-faa\">exacerbated the staffing shortage\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The roots of the air traffic controller shortage go all the way back to 1981, when then-President Ronald Reagan \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/08/05/1025018833/looking-back-on-when-president-reagan-fired-air-traffic-controllers\">fired more than 11,000 controllers\u003c/a> who had gone on strike to protest what they considered to be unfair wages and long work hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That set off a scramble to hire and train thousands of new air traffic controllers. In some areas, the effort succeeded, but facilities that handle some of the busiest and most complex airspace in the world have always been difficult to staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past decade, the FAA has struggled to hire enough controllers to keep pace with retirements — hiring only two-thirds of the controllers called for by its own staffing models, \u003ca href=\"https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/29112/the-air-traffic-controller-workforce-imperative-staffing-models-and-their\">according to a recent study\u003c/a> by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The problem was made more acute by the COVID-19 pandemic, which disrupted in-person training at the FAA’s academy in Oklahoma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FAA currently has \u003ca href=\"https://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/afn/offices/finance/offices/office-financial-labor-analysis/plans/controller-workforce\">fewer than 11,000 certified controllers\u003c/a>, more than 3,000 short of its nationwide target. As a result, many are regularly assigned to work a sixth workday. \u003ca href=\"https://www.natca.org/2025/06/18/national-academies-of-sciences-report-doubles-down-on-failed-controller-staffing-model/\">According to the National Air Traffic Controllers Association\u003c/a>, over 41% of certified air traffic controllers work “10-hour days, six days a week.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s in addition to the taxing schedules many controllers already work, including weekend, overnight and rotating shifts. An \u003ca href=\"https://www.faa.gov/newsroom/media/Fatigue_Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">independent report\u003c/a> commissioned by the FAA found last year that a common controller schedule known as the “rattler” can create “known fatigue risks” and should be eliminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12048865\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12048865\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy.jpg 1800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People wait in line at Newark Liberty International Airport in Newark, N.J. Air traffic control outages, runway construction and staffing shortages contributed to hundreds of delays and cancellations. \u003ccite>(Spencer Platt/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Staying alert at work is critical for controllers tasked with ensuring planes don’t collide and sequencing them for takeoff and landing, said one current air traffic controller at a terminal radar approach control facility (or TRACON) in the central U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t have an off day. We can’t have a day where we come in and say, ‘oh, I’m just kind of not feeling it today. I’m just going to, you know, kind of cruise through the day.’ We don’t get that chance,” they said. “You walk into work and you have to be 100% mistake-free essentially in your entire career or, you know, people die.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Controllers also report that it can be difficult to take paid time off. They “bid” for leave in the fall for the following year based on seniority, and requests for time off on shorter notice — what’s known as “spot leave” — may be denied due to a lack of staffing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It became harder and harder to take leave, to plan family vacations, to even get spot leave if you needed time off for your kid’s baseball game or soccer game,” said one retired air traffic controller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just became more of a shift towards spot leave being denied and feeling like, ‘OK, I need this time off because family is important, so I’m going to take sick leave now,'” they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The head of the union that represents controllers across the country said he understands how hard they’re being pushed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are asking the world of them right now,” said Nick Daniels, president of the National Air Traffic Controllers Association, in an NPR interview. “Every single person has a right to be frustrated right now. When you are extremely short-staffed, you don’t have working equipment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the FAA said it was making it a priority to bolster the air traffic controller ranks by “taking a multi-pronged approach to recruit new controllers, improve training success rates and reduce overall training times.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FAA is expanding academy training by nearly 30%, shortening the hiring process by five months and partnering with colleges and universities to prepare more students for careers in air traffic control, the agency said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Nobody’s talking about pay’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Still, some controllers argue they should be paid more to compensate for the grueling working conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re missing huge chunks of the prime time of our lives with our families to keep airplanes moving,” said the controller who works high-altitude traffic. “We love our job. But, you know, I want to be paid fairly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniels said he has heard that message, too. “I go visit facilities every single week,” said the union president. “One of the main topics is pay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12048866\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12048866\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1201\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy.jpg 1800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nick Daniels, the president of the National Air Traffic Controllers Association, speaks at a news conference at the U.S. Department of Transportation headquarters in Washington, D.C., on May 1. \u003ccite>(Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With the Trump administration slashing staffing across the federal government, the union has not pushed publicly for a raise. Still, Daniels said the union is looking to find areas of agreement with the administration, which is why the union has supported the effort to modernize equipment and hire more staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The equipment has to be addressed,” Daniels said. “12 and a half billion dollars is a good start to where we need to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniels said he expects that the administration’s push to hire more controllers will yield tangible results, possibly ending the staffing shortage within four to five years. “Those things will start to reduce the stresses and pressures of the mandatory overtime,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at least one union member said that does little to ease the pressure on controllers right now — even as many in the government and the general public praise them for doing a critical job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All you’re hearing in the news is staffing [and] equipment, staffing [and] equipment, staffing [and] equipment. Nobody’s talking about pay,” said the high-altitude controller. “The union should be out here every single day talking about pay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FAA air traffic controllers have been working under the same contract since 2016. It’s been extended twice since then — once in 2021 and again \u003ca href=\"https://www.natca.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/NATCA_MOU_Executed_121824.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">last December\u003c/a> — which means their salary ranges haven’t been renegotiated in nearly a decade and won’t be again for at least four more years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s not to say that air traffic controller pay hasn’t gone up. \u003ca href=\"https://www.natca.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/2016NATCACBABookmarks.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Their contract\u003c/a> gives controllers a 1.6% “length of service adjustment” each June. They also receive the \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalpay.org/gs/raises\">raises given to most federal employees\u003c/a> at the beginning of each year at the discretion of the president and Congress. President Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.fedweek.com/fedweek/trump-proposes-no-2026-raise-for-employees-cuts-in-non-defense-agencies/\">has proposed no raise\u003c/a> for federal workers next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Certified controllers receive a starting salary between $70,876 and $152,426 or higher, based on the facility where they work. In the last fiscal year, the average certified controller earned a salary of about $155,000, according to the FAA, plus overtime and other premiums that push the total cash compensation to an average of $193,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a pay raise would help compensate for rising inflation and the added pressures of the job, controllers say, and give a much-needed boost to controllers working at lower-level facilities in high-cost-of-living areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he was running for NATCA president last summer, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-cgtyKrFAc0\">Daniels said\u003c/a> he would work to reset controllers’ pay bands “in 2026 when we go to the negotiating table,” but as president he extended the contract to 2029.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview, Daniels said circumstances had changed since the Trump administration came to power and began slashing the federal workforce. The union stood to lose more than it would gain from reopening the contract, Daniels said. So it’s taking a more cautious approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has to be very strategic, and it has to be in conjunction with this administration and the direction that they’re going to go,” he said. “You can’t be short-sighted when you’re talking about 15,000 peoples’ lives. And just screaming pay to scream pay is short-sighted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The union could also push for other financial benefits besides raises, such as premium pay for working Saturdays and changes to overtime pay, the controller added.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s next for U.S. air traffic controllers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12048867\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12048867\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy.jpg 1800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Planes are parked at Newark Liberty International Airport on May 6. Hundreds of flights were delayed or canceled because of equipment malfunctions at the facility that handles traffic around the airport. \u003ccite>(Andres Kudacki/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Controllers who spoke to NPR offered mixed reviews of the steps being taken by the Trump administration to address problems at U.S. air traffic control facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of Transportation Secretary \u003ca href=\"https://www.faa.gov/newsroom/us-transportation-secretary-sean-p-duffy-unveils-new-package-boost-air-traffic-controller\">Duffy’s plan to staff up\u003c/a> the workforce includes $5,000 bonuses for recent academy graduates and lump sum payments to encourage controllers eligible for retirement to stay on the job longer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s not one silver bullet to shoot on air traffic control,” Duffy told lawmakers on Wednesday. “We have to take all of these multiple steps to move as quickly as possible, to get more young people into the business of air traffic control, and keep more of those experienced controllers on the payroll.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But controllers lament that no similar incentives are being offered to the rest of the air traffic controller workforce, the career employees responsible for the day-to-day task of maintaining order in U.S. skies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am happy for them. I’m glad they’re getting it. They deserve every penny of it,” the TRACON controller said of academy graduates and those eligible for retirement. “But it should’ve been for the entire workforce.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the equipment upgrades, one controller said they were glad the FAA was finally replacing faulty and outdated gear, while another criticized the decision to pay for new technology before wage increases. The retired controller questioned the wisdom of swapping the paper strips controllers use to sequence planes with a digital alternative. “It’s a great system. It doesn’t need to be fixed,” they said. “If it’s not broke, why fix it? It’s not broke at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FAA said in a statement that the new air traffic control system will “enhance safety in the sky, reduce delays, and unlock the future of air travel” and would also ensure that “hard-working air traffic controllers have a system they can rely on and one they deserve.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For some controllers, though, the long-standing problems at the FAA have pushed them to look for work elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former U.S. air traffic controller Chris Dickinson recently left the FAA after feeling burnt out at the agency. He found a job with Airservices Australia, and he and his family moved to the country in May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dickinson said he understands the stresses facing his friends and former colleagues back in the U.S. “I hope it changes for them, because it’s a fantastic job, a wonderful, wonderful career,” he said. “But it just sucks right now because there’s no staffing, morale’s crap.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was after a family vacation to Sydney two years ago that Dickinson began to consider the move. While on the trip, he told several Australian air traffic controllers he met that he had never had weekends off during his career except for a few holidays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were just completely blown away at the fact that anyone could go, like, more than six months without having weekends off, let alone 12 and a half years at that point,” Dickinson said. “And it really made me kind of look back and go, ‘What is it that I’m willing to accept in my short amount of time on this Earth?'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A private jet crashed into military housing in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-diego\">San Diego\u003c/a> during foggy weather early Thursday, igniting cars parked along a suburban neighborhood block and killing multiple people on board the plane, authorities said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plane could hold eight to 10 people, but it’s not yet known how many were on the aircraft, Assistant San Diego Fire Chief Dan Eddy said at a news conference. Authorities will be investigating whether the plane hit a power line, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The aircraft crashed just before 4 a.m. into the U.S. military’s largest housing neighborhood. It appeared to strike at least one home that had a charred and collapsed roof and smash through half a dozen vehicles. About 10 homes suffered damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities initially said no one was transported by emergency crews from the military housing. But after a morning news conference, San Diego police officer Anthony Carrasco said five people from a single family were hospitalized for smoke inhalation. Another person was treated at a hospital for injuries sustained while climbing out of a window trying to flee. Two others were treated for minor injuries at the scene, Carrasco said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego officials haven’t released details about the plane but said it was a flight from the Midwest. The flight tracking site FlightAware lists a Cessna Citation II jet scheduled to arrive at the Montgomery-Gibbs Executive airport in San Diego at 3:47 a.m. from the small Colonel James Jabara Airport in Wichita, Kansas. Officials at the Kansas airport said it made a fueling stop in Wichita. The flight originated Wednesday night in Teterboro, New Jersey, according to FlightAware.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041274\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041274\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SanDiegoCrashAP2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SanDiegoCrashAP2.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SanDiegoCrashAP2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SanDiegoCrashAP2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SanDiegoCrashAP2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SanDiegoCrashAP2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SanDiegoCrashAP2-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Authorities work the scene where a small plane crashed into a San Diego neighborhood, setting several homes on fire and forcing evacuations on May 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gregory Bull/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The airport in Teterboro is about 6 miles from Manhattan and is frequently used by private and corporate jets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the San Diego neighborhood, the smell of jet fuel lingered in the air hours after the crash while authorities worked to extinguish one stubborn car fire. They described a frightening scene in the aftermath of the crash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can’t quite put words to describe what the scene looks like, but with the jet fuel going down the street, and everything on fire all at once, it was pretty horrific to see,” San Diego Police Chief Scott Wahl said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chunks of metal from the aircraft littered the street, but no discernible part of the plane could be seen. Half a dozen fully charred cars sat on the street, and tree limbs, glass and pieces of white and blue metal were scattered around. At the end of the street, black smoke billowed as a car continued to burn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wahl said more than 50 police officers were on the scene within minutes and began evacuating homes. At least 100 residents were displaced to an evacuation center at a nearby elementary school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christopher Moore, who lives one street over from the crash site, said he and his wife were awakened by a loud bang. He saw smoke out the window.[aside postID=news_12033338 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-1243270396-1-1020x680.jpg']They grabbed their three young boys and ran out of the house. On their way out of the neighborhood, they saw a car engulfed in flames.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was definitely horrifying for sure, but sometimes you’ve just got to drop your head and get to safety,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police officers were rescuing multiple animals, including three husky puppies that were rolled away from the crash scene in a wagon. A few blocks away, families, including Moore’s, stood in their pajamas in a parking lot waiting for word on when they could return to their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighborhood is made up of single-family homes and townhomes. Montgomery-Gibbs airport is about 2 miles away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eddy said it was very foggy at the time the private plane crashed. “You could barely see in front of you,” he said. Officials were looking into whether the plane clipped a power line before crashing into the neighborhood on land owned by the U.S. Navy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Federal Aviation Administration said the National Transportation Safety Board will lead the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October 2021, a twin-engine plane \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/san-diego-yuma-arizona-california-air-traffic-control-7907d92abae8e3bb50ebfa64da18a669\">plowed into a San Diego suburb\u003c/a>, killing the pilot and a UPS delivery driver on the ground and burning homes. It was preparing to land at the airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December 2008, a U.S. Marine Corps fighter jet slammed into a house in San Diego’s University City neighborhood, causing an explosion that killed four people inside. The Marine Corps blamed the crash on mechanical failure and human error.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writers Christopher Weber in Los Angeles; Kathy McCormack in Concord, New Hampshire; and Josh Funk in Omaha, Nebraska, contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A private jet crashed into military housing in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-diego\">San Diego\u003c/a> during foggy weather early Thursday, igniting cars parked along a suburban neighborhood block and killing multiple people on board the plane, authorities said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plane could hold eight to 10 people, but it’s not yet known how many were on the aircraft, Assistant San Diego Fire Chief Dan Eddy said at a news conference. Authorities will be investigating whether the plane hit a power line, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The aircraft crashed just before 4 a.m. into the U.S. military’s largest housing neighborhood. It appeared to strike at least one home that had a charred and collapsed roof and smash through half a dozen vehicles. About 10 homes suffered damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities initially said no one was transported by emergency crews from the military housing. But after a morning news conference, San Diego police officer Anthony Carrasco said five people from a single family were hospitalized for smoke inhalation. Another person was treated at a hospital for injuries sustained while climbing out of a window trying to flee. Two others were treated for minor injuries at the scene, Carrasco said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego officials haven’t released details about the plane but said it was a flight from the Midwest. The flight tracking site FlightAware lists a Cessna Citation II jet scheduled to arrive at the Montgomery-Gibbs Executive airport in San Diego at 3:47 a.m. from the small Colonel James Jabara Airport in Wichita, Kansas. Officials at the Kansas airport said it made a fueling stop in Wichita. The flight originated Wednesday night in Teterboro, New Jersey, according to FlightAware.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041274\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041274\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SanDiegoCrashAP2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SanDiegoCrashAP2.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SanDiegoCrashAP2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SanDiegoCrashAP2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SanDiegoCrashAP2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SanDiegoCrashAP2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/SanDiegoCrashAP2-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Authorities work the scene where a small plane crashed into a San Diego neighborhood, setting several homes on fire and forcing evacuations on May 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gregory Bull/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The airport in Teterboro is about 6 miles from Manhattan and is frequently used by private and corporate jets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the San Diego neighborhood, the smell of jet fuel lingered in the air hours after the crash while authorities worked to extinguish one stubborn car fire. They described a frightening scene in the aftermath of the crash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can’t quite put words to describe what the scene looks like, but with the jet fuel going down the street, and everything on fire all at once, it was pretty horrific to see,” San Diego Police Chief Scott Wahl said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chunks of metal from the aircraft littered the street, but no discernible part of the plane could be seen. Half a dozen fully charred cars sat on the street, and tree limbs, glass and pieces of white and blue metal were scattered around. At the end of the street, black smoke billowed as a car continued to burn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wahl said more than 50 police officers were on the scene within minutes and began evacuating homes. At least 100 residents were displaced to an evacuation center at a nearby elementary school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christopher Moore, who lives one street over from the crash site, said he and his wife were awakened by a loud bang. He saw smoke out the window.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>They grabbed their three young boys and ran out of the house. On their way out of the neighborhood, they saw a car engulfed in flames.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was definitely horrifying for sure, but sometimes you’ve just got to drop your head and get to safety,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police officers were rescuing multiple animals, including three husky puppies that were rolled away from the crash scene in a wagon. A few blocks away, families, including Moore’s, stood in their pajamas in a parking lot waiting for word on when they could return to their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighborhood is made up of single-family homes and townhomes. Montgomery-Gibbs airport is about 2 miles away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eddy said it was very foggy at the time the private plane crashed. “You could barely see in front of you,” he said. Officials were looking into whether the plane clipped a power line before crashing into the neighborhood on land owned by the U.S. Navy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Federal Aviation Administration said the National Transportation Safety Board will lead the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October 2021, a twin-engine plane \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/san-diego-yuma-arizona-california-air-traffic-control-7907d92abae8e3bb50ebfa64da18a669\">plowed into a San Diego suburb\u003c/a>, killing the pilot and a UPS delivery driver on the ground and burning homes. It was preparing to land at the airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December 2008, a U.S. Marine Corps fighter jet slammed into a house in San Diego’s University City neighborhood, causing an explosion that killed four people inside. The Marine Corps blamed the crash on mechanical failure and human error.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writers Christopher Weber in Los Angeles; Kathy McCormack in Concord, New Hampshire; and Josh Funk in Omaha, Nebraska, contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "apply-for-real-id-deadline-may-7-can-i-fly-without",
"title": "What You Need to Know About REAL ID for Air Travel",
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"headTitle": "What You Need to Know About REAL ID for Air Travel | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Starting May 7, every person 18 or older boarding a domestic flight now needs to present identification that meets \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11643609/what-you-need-to-know-about-california-real-id-drivers-licenses\">federal REAL ID standards\u003c/a>: \u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/driver-licenses-identification-cards/real-id/\">a REAL ID driver’s license\u003c/a> or state identification card, a passport or another federally approved document.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#tsa-without-real-id\">I’m flying soon: What should I do if I don’t have time to get a REAL ID? \u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>But if you have a domestic flight coming up, don’t panic. Travelers without a REAL ID or \u003ca href=\"#tsa-without-real-id\">another federally compliant document \u003c/a>are \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/real-id-travelers-security-deadline-homeland-289d84d3c10d96546270ff0e8ca80436\">still being allowed to fly domestically — for now\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you’ve applied for or renewed your driver’s license in the past few years, there’s also a good chance you already \u003cem>have\u003c/em> a REAL ID (\u003ca href=\"#do-i-already-have-real-id\">here’s how to tell.) \u003c/a>If not, there are \u003ca href=\"#may\">several other documents you can show TSA \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"#may\">i\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"#may\">nstead of a REAL ID\u003c/a>, including a U.S. or foreign passport.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Day 1 of the REAL ID rollout\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Despite concerns from travelers that anyone without REAL ID would be denied boarding outright starting May 7, this group is instead being “given a pamphlet that says that they’re not REAL ID compliant with some information on what they need to do next,” said Lorie Dankers, a spokesperson with TSA’s Strategic Communications and Public Affairs team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of those individuals “will also receive unpredictable screening,” said Dankers — but “they will still be allowed to fly\u003ci>.” \u003c/i>Dankers said she did not have an end date for this grace period around REAL ID enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TSA had also warned of potential delays in security lines amid the introduction of REAL ID requirements, but travelers and staff who spoke to KQED at San Francisco International Airport on Wednesday morning said they had not personally encountered or witnessed any additional delays at security checkpoints on their domestic flights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It appears to be business as usual at our security checkpoints, and that was really the goal,” said Doug Yakel, public information officer at SFO on Wednesday. “For those individuals that are flying today that do not have a Real ID or passport, we recommend allowing extra time to get through that process. But we have not seen any impact thus far on line waits our security checkpoints.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, “Wednesday is one of our lowest passenger volume days of the week,” said Dankers. “It’s not by accident that we’re enforcing REAL ID starting today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for everything you need to know about REAL ID requirements and what you can expect at the airport ahead of your next domestic flight. Or jump straight to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#tsa-without-real-id\">What will happen at the airport if I show up without a REAL ID on May 7?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#where\">How can I get a REAL ID?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#transgender\">How can transgender or nonbinary people mark their identity on a REAL ID?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#undocumented\">Can undocumented people request a REAL ID?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Who needs to apply for a REAL ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to the law, now that REAL ID deadline has arrived, a federal agency won’t accept any state-issued driver’s license or identification card that does not follow REAL ID standards. This applies when you are entering:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>A Transportation Security Administration (TSA) or security checkpoint at a U.S. airport\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A federal building\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A military base\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A nuclear power plant.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>In California, the Department of Motor Vehicles is the agency responsible for processing REAL ID applications. \u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#where\">How can I get a REAL ID?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can still \u003ca href=\"#where\">\u003cem>apply\u003c/em> for a REAL ID after May 7\u003c/a> — and of course, “not everybody in the country will be flying on [that date],” said Dankers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"do-i-already-have-real-id\">\u003c/a>How do I know if I already have a REAL ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When you look at your current California driver’s license or identification card, what do you see in the upper right corner?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12027114\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12027114\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/DL-real-id-768x986-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1185\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/DL-real-id-768x986-1.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/DL-real-id-768x986-1-800x494.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/DL-real-id-768x986-1-1020x630.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/DL-real-id-768x986-1-160x99.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/DL-real-id-768x986-1-1536x948.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A side-by-side comparison of a REAL ID driver’s license (left) with a non-REAL ID driver’s license. \u003ccite>(California DMV)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If there is a golden bear with a white star in the middle of it, your driver’s license or identification card already meets REAL ID standards and can be used when passing through TSA airport checkpoints or entering federal buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"more on air travel\" tag=\"air-travel\"]But if you only see text instead that reads “FEDERAL LIMITS APPLY,” your driver’s license or identification card is not a REAL ID and will not be accepted by TSA agents or security at federal buildings starting May 7.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If this is you, remember that there \u003cem>are\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"#tsa-without-real-id\">several other documents you can provide at an airport security checkpoint instead of a REAL ID\u003c/a>, including your U.S. or foreign passport.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tsa-without-real-id\">\u003c/a>What will happen at the airport now if I don’t have a REAL ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Remember, \u003ca href=\"https://www.tsa.gov/news/press/releases/2025/04/11/tsa-begins-real-id-full-enforcement-may-7\">TSA has moved to “full enforcement” of REAL ID standards starting May 7\u003c/a> —and because it’s a federal agency, these rules will be “applied evenly across the country, across all the airports” starting Wednesday, confirmed Dankers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But don’t panic: If you need to travel on or after May 7 but still don’t have a REAL ID by then, you can instead use:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>A U.S. or foreign passport\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A green card (permanent resident card)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A Department of Homeland Security (DHS) trusted traveler card like Global Entry\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A military ID\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A Tribal Nation ID.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>See \u003ca href=\"https://www.tsa.gov/travel/security-screening/identification\">other federally recognized documents\u003c/a> that TSA says are an “acceptable alternative” to a REAL ID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What if you don’t bring any of these other documents? You’ll still be allowed to fly, says TSA. You’ll just run the risk of “delays, additional screening and the possibility of not being permitted into the security checkpoint if we can’t verify your identity,” said Dankers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for what these extra checks might look like, \u003ca href=\"https://www.tsa.gov/travel/security-screening/identification\">TSA’s online guidance\u003c/a> says people lacking acceptable identification may be asked to “complete an identity verification process which includes collecting information such as your name and current address to confirm your identity.” If TSA is able to confirm your identity this way, you’ll then be allowed into the screening checkpoint, but you may still “be subject to additional screening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>If I can still fly without a REAL ID, what’s the problem?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you don’t have a REAL ID-compliant form of ID, the chances of missing your domestic flight on May 7 or after could still be higher because of these extra steps, and the delays they might cause at peak times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TSA estimates that around \u003ca href=\"https://www.tsa.gov/news/press/releases/2025/04/11/tsa-begins-real-id-full-enforcement-may-7\">81% of travelers nationwide are ready to present acceptable identification, including REAL ID\u003c/a>. The California DMV says that about 58% of all driver’s license and ID cardholders in the state are REAL ID-compliant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dankers warned that since an average 2.5-2.6 million people travel through U.S. airports at this time of year, this still leaves 19% of national travelers — up to 500,000 people — “that may not be prepared for this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not a risk you want to take,” said Dankers. “Now is the time to make a plan” and either apply for a REAL ID or make sure you have another compliant document.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also not clear how long this grace period for folks without a REAL ID might last.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"where\">\u003c/a>How do I get a REAL ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“We recommend that if you already have a valid U.S. passport or don’t need to fly within the U.S. in the next few months to wait to get your REAL ID when you renew your California driver’s license or ID card,” said DMV Director Steve Gordon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A message on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/\">California DMV’s homepage similarly reminds state residents \u003c/a>that anyone whose driver’s license isn’t due for renewal but who holds a valid passport right now “can comfortably wait to convert to a REAL ID when their driver’s license is due for renewal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you’ve applied for a driver’s license or state identification card in the past, the process to eventually get your REAL ID is quite similar. You’ll just need to present a few more documents this time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You will still need to plan for a visit to the DMV — sorry. And amid \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/havent-gotten-california-real-id-yet-20263325.php\">reports of long lines and scarce appointments\u003c/a>, the California DMV announced earlier this month that \u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/select-dmv-offices-opening-early-for-real-id-appointments-from-april-14-to-june-27/\">select offices would open an hour early by appointment through June 27\u003c/a> for REAL ID applications only. In the Bay Area, this includes\u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/select-dmv-offices-opening-early-for-real-id-appointments-from-april-14-to-june-27/\"> the Fremont and Pleasanton DMV offices. \u003c/a>The Concord, Oakland and San Jose DMV offices are also offering \u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/driver-licenses-identification-cards/real-id/extended-hours/\">extra REAL ID appointments on Saturday.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you want to speed up the process, agency officials recommend first starting the application online at \u003ca href=\"http://realid.dmv.ca.gov\">realid.dmv.ca.gov\u003c/a>, where you can choose between a REAL ID driver’s license or a REAL ID state identification card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The application will ask you to upload:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/driver-licenses-identification-cards/real-id/real-id-checklist/\">A document recognized by the federal government that confirms your identity\u003c/a>, which could include: a U.S. passport, a birth certificate, a permanent resident card (a.k.a., a green card) or foreign passport with a valid U.S. visa.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/driver-licenses-identification-cards/real-id/real-id-checklist/#gf_6\">Two printed documents that confirm your California mailing address\u003c/a>, which could include: a bill from PG&E or another utility company, bank statements, tax returns, medical documents, a lease agreement or a mortgage statement.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>As you’re drawing together your paperwork, make sure that the first and last name printed on these documents exactly matches the first and last name you are using in your REAL ID application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once your application is complete, the online portal will give you the option to book an appointment at the DMV office of your choice, to have your documents verified. When the day of your appointment arrives, make sure to bring with you all the original documents you uploaded to your application. “It needs to be the actual passport or a certified copy of the birth certificate,” said California DMV spokesperson Chris Orrock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have to scan [the documents] and upload them again,” he added. “You’re just showing them, and we’re looking at the screen of what you uploaded. We verify that they match, and then you’re on your way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Something else to remember: At the DMV office, you will need to provide your Social Security Number. And if you are applying for a driver’s license for the very first time, you will still need to meet all the other requirements to confirm your driving ability, in addition to providing the required REAL ID documentation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also worth noting that California still offers driver’s licenses and identification cards that are not REAL ID-compliant — an option for those who are unable to provide the documentation required for a REAL ID. Although these IDs include the “FEDERAL LIMITS APPLY” text and won’t get you past TSA checkpoints, you can still use them to prove your identity and in the case of a license, confirm at a traffic stop that you meet the state’s requirements to drive a car.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"deadline\">\u003c/a>Why has the REAL ID enforcement deadline been extended so many times?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Twenty years ago — before the first iPhone went on sale — \u003ca href=\"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-109publ13/pdf/PLAW-109publ13.pdf#page=72\">Congress passed the Real ID Act of 2005\u003c/a>, establishing national standards for driver’s licenses and identification cards provided by individual states. At the time, with the United States still in shock from the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, lawmakers behind this bill argued that REAL ID standards \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna7822308\">would help prevent future such attacks\u003c/a> by making it harder for terrorists to travel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Congress originally passed the Real ID Act, the enforcement date was set three years into the future — 2008. However, due to complicated legal battles between the federal government and the states over this law — along with the COVID-19 pandemic — DHS \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/archive/news/2022/12/05/dhs-announces-extension-real-id-full-enforcement-deadline\">kept pushing back the deadline\u003c/a>, resulting in a 17-year delay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12027122\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12027122\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1915738573.jpg\" alt=\"A woman walks next to TSA agents at an airport security checkpoint.\" width=\"2400\" height=\"1600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1915738573.jpg 2400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1915738573-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1915738573-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1915738573-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1915738573-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1915738573-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1915738573-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2400px) 100vw, 2400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Passengers go through a security check by TSA at Los Angeles International Airport on Wednesday, Jan. 10, 2024, in Los Angeles. If you show up to a TSA checkpoint after May 7 with a driver’s license or state identification card that is not REAL ID-compliant, you may not pass TSA’s security screening. \u003ccite>(Irfan Khan / Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"transgender\">\u003c/a>What options do transgender or nonbinary people have when applying for a REAL ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On his first day back in the White House, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/defending-women-from-gender-ideology-extremism-and-restoring-biological-truth-to-the-federal-government/\">signed an executive order\u003c/a> that declared the federal government will only “recognize two sexes, male and female” — and his administration directed the State Department to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/nbc-out/out-politics-and-policy/rubio-passport-sex-marker-changes-paused-trump-order-rcna189222\">suspend all U.S. passport applications requesting an “X” marker\u003c/a> or change a current sex marker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what about REAL IDs? While they must include a person’s gender, \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/109th-congress/house-bill/1268/text\">the text of the Real ID Act\u003c/a> does not specify or define gender categories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A driver’s license is a state document and in 2017, California passed the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB179\">Gender Recognition Act\u003c/a> to “ensure that intersex, transgender, and nonbinary people have state-issued identification documents that provide full legal recognition of their accurate gender identity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This law gives Californians three gender options when completing an application for a driver’s license or identification card: female, male and nonbinary — the last option represented by an “X” on documents. \u003ca href=\"https://www.lgbtmap.org/equality-maps/identity_documents\">California is one of 22 other states (plus Washington, D.C.) that offer this option.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for the Trump administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/defending-women-from-gender-ideology-extremism-and-restoring-biological-truth-to-the-federal-government/\">“two sexes” executive order\u003c/a>, Orrock said that it still does not affect gender designations on California-issued REAL IDs, driver’s licenses or identification cards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The Gender Recognition Act] ensures that Californians have the ability to have their true gender identity legally recognized on all their official documents,” he said. “California’s legislation allows for the three gender options … that will stay in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DHS, which oversees TSA checkpoints at airports, has not announced if it will change its policy around REAL IDs with an “x” in the gender category.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"undocumented\">\u003c/a>Can undocumented people request a REAL ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to the Real ID Act, states must require individuals to prove that they are either U.S. citizens or are in the country “lawfully.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are not a U.S. citizen, you can apply for a REAL ID if you:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Are permanent resident\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Have been approved for asylum status or have a pending application\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Entered the U.S. with refugee status\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Have a foreign passport that includes a valid, unexpired U.S. visa\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Have been approved for temporary protected status (TPS) or have a pending application\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Have an approved deferred action status.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>If you don’t have any type of legal status, like the ones above, then you will not be able to request a REAL ID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, undocumented Californians \u003cem>are \u003c/em>eligible for \u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/driver-licenses-identification-cards/assembly-bill-ab-60-driver-licenses/\">AB 60 driver’s licenses\u003c/a> — named after the 2013 law that allows the DMV to issue a driver’s license to any resident who is eligible for one, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ilrc.org/sites/default/files/resources/ab_60_4_27_15.pdf\">regardless of immigration status\u003c/a>. But they can’t use it as REAL ID, Orrock confirmed, and it won’t be accepted by TSA agents or security at federal buildings after Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story contains reporting from KQED’s Juan Carlos Lara. A version of this story originally published on February 13.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Starting Wednesday, any traveler 18 or older boarding a domestic flight will need to present a REAL ID driver’s license or another federally approved document. Here's what to know about REAL ID enforcement and how to use a document like your U.S. or foreign passport instead.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Starting May 7, every person 18 or older boarding a domestic flight now needs to present identification that meets \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11643609/what-you-need-to-know-about-california-real-id-drivers-licenses\">federal REAL ID standards\u003c/a>: \u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/driver-licenses-identification-cards/real-id/\">a REAL ID driver’s license\u003c/a> or state identification card, a passport or another federally approved document.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#tsa-without-real-id\">I’m flying soon: What should I do if I don’t have time to get a REAL ID? \u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>But if you have a domestic flight coming up, don’t panic. Travelers without a REAL ID or \u003ca href=\"#tsa-without-real-id\">another federally compliant document \u003c/a>are \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/real-id-travelers-security-deadline-homeland-289d84d3c10d96546270ff0e8ca80436\">still being allowed to fly domestically — for now\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you’ve applied for or renewed your driver’s license in the past few years, there’s also a good chance you already \u003cem>have\u003c/em> a REAL ID (\u003ca href=\"#do-i-already-have-real-id\">here’s how to tell.) \u003c/a>If not, there are \u003ca href=\"#may\">several other documents you can show TSA \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"#may\">i\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"#may\">nstead of a REAL ID\u003c/a>, including a U.S. or foreign passport.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Day 1 of the REAL ID rollout\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Despite concerns from travelers that anyone without REAL ID would be denied boarding outright starting May 7, this group is instead being “given a pamphlet that says that they’re not REAL ID compliant with some information on what they need to do next,” said Lorie Dankers, a spokesperson with TSA’s Strategic Communications and Public Affairs team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of those individuals “will also receive unpredictable screening,” said Dankers — but “they will still be allowed to fly\u003ci>.” \u003c/i>Dankers said she did not have an end date for this grace period around REAL ID enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TSA had also warned of potential delays in security lines amid the introduction of REAL ID requirements, but travelers and staff who spoke to KQED at San Francisco International Airport on Wednesday morning said they had not personally encountered or witnessed any additional delays at security checkpoints on their domestic flights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It appears to be business as usual at our security checkpoints, and that was really the goal,” said Doug Yakel, public information officer at SFO on Wednesday. “For those individuals that are flying today that do not have a Real ID or passport, we recommend allowing extra time to get through that process. But we have not seen any impact thus far on line waits our security checkpoints.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, “Wednesday is one of our lowest passenger volume days of the week,” said Dankers. “It’s not by accident that we’re enforcing REAL ID starting today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for everything you need to know about REAL ID requirements and what you can expect at the airport ahead of your next domestic flight. Or jump straight to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#tsa-without-real-id\">What will happen at the airport if I show up without a REAL ID on May 7?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#where\">How can I get a REAL ID?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#transgender\">How can transgender or nonbinary people mark their identity on a REAL ID?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#undocumented\">Can undocumented people request a REAL ID?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Who needs to apply for a REAL ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to the law, now that REAL ID deadline has arrived, a federal agency won’t accept any state-issued driver’s license or identification card that does not follow REAL ID standards. This applies when you are entering:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>A Transportation Security Administration (TSA) or security checkpoint at a U.S. airport\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A federal building\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A military base\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A nuclear power plant.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>In California, the Department of Motor Vehicles is the agency responsible for processing REAL ID applications. \u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#where\">How can I get a REAL ID?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can still \u003ca href=\"#where\">\u003cem>apply\u003c/em> for a REAL ID after May 7\u003c/a> — and of course, “not everybody in the country will be flying on [that date],” said Dankers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"do-i-already-have-real-id\">\u003c/a>How do I know if I already have a REAL ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When you look at your current California driver’s license or identification card, what do you see in the upper right corner?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12027114\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12027114\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/DL-real-id-768x986-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1185\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/DL-real-id-768x986-1.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/DL-real-id-768x986-1-800x494.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/DL-real-id-768x986-1-1020x630.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/DL-real-id-768x986-1-160x99.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/DL-real-id-768x986-1-1536x948.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A side-by-side comparison of a REAL ID driver’s license (left) with a non-REAL ID driver’s license. \u003ccite>(California DMV)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If there is a golden bear with a white star in the middle of it, your driver’s license or identification card already meets REAL ID standards and can be used when passing through TSA airport checkpoints or entering federal buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But if you only see text instead that reads “FEDERAL LIMITS APPLY,” your driver’s license or identification card is not a REAL ID and will not be accepted by TSA agents or security at federal buildings starting May 7.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If this is you, remember that there \u003cem>are\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"#tsa-without-real-id\">several other documents you can provide at an airport security checkpoint instead of a REAL ID\u003c/a>, including your U.S. or foreign passport.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tsa-without-real-id\">\u003c/a>What will happen at the airport now if I don’t have a REAL ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Remember, \u003ca href=\"https://www.tsa.gov/news/press/releases/2025/04/11/tsa-begins-real-id-full-enforcement-may-7\">TSA has moved to “full enforcement” of REAL ID standards starting May 7\u003c/a> —and because it’s a federal agency, these rules will be “applied evenly across the country, across all the airports” starting Wednesday, confirmed Dankers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But don’t panic: If you need to travel on or after May 7 but still don’t have a REAL ID by then, you can instead use:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>A U.S. or foreign passport\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A green card (permanent resident card)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A Department of Homeland Security (DHS) trusted traveler card like Global Entry\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A military ID\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A Tribal Nation ID.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>See \u003ca href=\"https://www.tsa.gov/travel/security-screening/identification\">other federally recognized documents\u003c/a> that TSA says are an “acceptable alternative” to a REAL ID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What if you don’t bring any of these other documents? You’ll still be allowed to fly, says TSA. You’ll just run the risk of “delays, additional screening and the possibility of not being permitted into the security checkpoint if we can’t verify your identity,” said Dankers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for what these extra checks might look like, \u003ca href=\"https://www.tsa.gov/travel/security-screening/identification\">TSA’s online guidance\u003c/a> says people lacking acceptable identification may be asked to “complete an identity verification process which includes collecting information such as your name and current address to confirm your identity.” If TSA is able to confirm your identity this way, you’ll then be allowed into the screening checkpoint, but you may still “be subject to additional screening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>If I can still fly without a REAL ID, what’s the problem?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you don’t have a REAL ID-compliant form of ID, the chances of missing your domestic flight on May 7 or after could still be higher because of these extra steps, and the delays they might cause at peak times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TSA estimates that around \u003ca href=\"https://www.tsa.gov/news/press/releases/2025/04/11/tsa-begins-real-id-full-enforcement-may-7\">81% of travelers nationwide are ready to present acceptable identification, including REAL ID\u003c/a>. The California DMV says that about 58% of all driver’s license and ID cardholders in the state are REAL ID-compliant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dankers warned that since an average 2.5-2.6 million people travel through U.S. airports at this time of year, this still leaves 19% of national travelers — up to 500,000 people — “that may not be prepared for this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not a risk you want to take,” said Dankers. “Now is the time to make a plan” and either apply for a REAL ID or make sure you have another compliant document.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also not clear how long this grace period for folks without a REAL ID might last.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"where\">\u003c/a>How do I get a REAL ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“We recommend that if you already have a valid U.S. passport or don’t need to fly within the U.S. in the next few months to wait to get your REAL ID when you renew your California driver’s license or ID card,” said DMV Director Steve Gordon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A message on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/\">California DMV’s homepage similarly reminds state residents \u003c/a>that anyone whose driver’s license isn’t due for renewal but who holds a valid passport right now “can comfortably wait to convert to a REAL ID when their driver’s license is due for renewal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you’ve applied for a driver’s license or state identification card in the past, the process to eventually get your REAL ID is quite similar. You’ll just need to present a few more documents this time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You will still need to plan for a visit to the DMV — sorry. And amid \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/travel/article/havent-gotten-california-real-id-yet-20263325.php\">reports of long lines and scarce appointments\u003c/a>, the California DMV announced earlier this month that \u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/select-dmv-offices-opening-early-for-real-id-appointments-from-april-14-to-june-27/\">select offices would open an hour early by appointment through June 27\u003c/a> for REAL ID applications only. In the Bay Area, this includes\u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/select-dmv-offices-opening-early-for-real-id-appointments-from-april-14-to-june-27/\"> the Fremont and Pleasanton DMV offices. \u003c/a>The Concord, Oakland and San Jose DMV offices are also offering \u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/driver-licenses-identification-cards/real-id/extended-hours/\">extra REAL ID appointments on Saturday.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you want to speed up the process, agency officials recommend first starting the application online at \u003ca href=\"http://realid.dmv.ca.gov\">realid.dmv.ca.gov\u003c/a>, where you can choose between a REAL ID driver’s license or a REAL ID state identification card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The application will ask you to upload:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/driver-licenses-identification-cards/real-id/real-id-checklist/\">A document recognized by the federal government that confirms your identity\u003c/a>, which could include: a U.S. passport, a birth certificate, a permanent resident card (a.k.a., a green card) or foreign passport with a valid U.S. visa.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/driver-licenses-identification-cards/real-id/real-id-checklist/#gf_6\">Two printed documents that confirm your California mailing address\u003c/a>, which could include: a bill from PG&E or another utility company, bank statements, tax returns, medical documents, a lease agreement or a mortgage statement.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>As you’re drawing together your paperwork, make sure that the first and last name printed on these documents exactly matches the first and last name you are using in your REAL ID application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once your application is complete, the online portal will give you the option to book an appointment at the DMV office of your choice, to have your documents verified. When the day of your appointment arrives, make sure to bring with you all the original documents you uploaded to your application. “It needs to be the actual passport or a certified copy of the birth certificate,” said California DMV spokesperson Chris Orrock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have to scan [the documents] and upload them again,” he added. “You’re just showing them, and we’re looking at the screen of what you uploaded. We verify that they match, and then you’re on your way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Something else to remember: At the DMV office, you will need to provide your Social Security Number. And if you are applying for a driver’s license for the very first time, you will still need to meet all the other requirements to confirm your driving ability, in addition to providing the required REAL ID documentation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also worth noting that California still offers driver’s licenses and identification cards that are not REAL ID-compliant — an option for those who are unable to provide the documentation required for a REAL ID. Although these IDs include the “FEDERAL LIMITS APPLY” text and won’t get you past TSA checkpoints, you can still use them to prove your identity and in the case of a license, confirm at a traffic stop that you meet the state’s requirements to drive a car.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"deadline\">\u003c/a>Why has the REAL ID enforcement deadline been extended so many times?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Twenty years ago — before the first iPhone went on sale — \u003ca href=\"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-109publ13/pdf/PLAW-109publ13.pdf#page=72\">Congress passed the Real ID Act of 2005\u003c/a>, establishing national standards for driver’s licenses and identification cards provided by individual states. At the time, with the United States still in shock from the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, lawmakers behind this bill argued that REAL ID standards \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna7822308\">would help prevent future such attacks\u003c/a> by making it harder for terrorists to travel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Congress originally passed the Real ID Act, the enforcement date was set three years into the future — 2008. However, due to complicated legal battles between the federal government and the states over this law — along with the COVID-19 pandemic — DHS \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/archive/news/2022/12/05/dhs-announces-extension-real-id-full-enforcement-deadline\">kept pushing back the deadline\u003c/a>, resulting in a 17-year delay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12027122\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12027122\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1915738573.jpg\" alt=\"A woman walks next to TSA agents at an airport security checkpoint.\" width=\"2400\" height=\"1600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1915738573.jpg 2400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1915738573-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1915738573-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1915738573-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1915738573-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1915738573-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1915738573-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2400px) 100vw, 2400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Passengers go through a security check by TSA at Los Angeles International Airport on Wednesday, Jan. 10, 2024, in Los Angeles. If you show up to a TSA checkpoint after May 7 with a driver’s license or state identification card that is not REAL ID-compliant, you may not pass TSA’s security screening. \u003ccite>(Irfan Khan / Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"transgender\">\u003c/a>What options do transgender or nonbinary people have when applying for a REAL ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On his first day back in the White House, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/defending-women-from-gender-ideology-extremism-and-restoring-biological-truth-to-the-federal-government/\">signed an executive order\u003c/a> that declared the federal government will only “recognize two sexes, male and female” — and his administration directed the State Department to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/nbc-out/out-politics-and-policy/rubio-passport-sex-marker-changes-paused-trump-order-rcna189222\">suspend all U.S. passport applications requesting an “X” marker\u003c/a> or change a current sex marker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what about REAL IDs? While they must include a person’s gender, \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/109th-congress/house-bill/1268/text\">the text of the Real ID Act\u003c/a> does not specify or define gender categories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A driver’s license is a state document and in 2017, California passed the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB179\">Gender Recognition Act\u003c/a> to “ensure that intersex, transgender, and nonbinary people have state-issued identification documents that provide full legal recognition of their accurate gender identity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This law gives Californians three gender options when completing an application for a driver’s license or identification card: female, male and nonbinary — the last option represented by an “X” on documents. \u003ca href=\"https://www.lgbtmap.org/equality-maps/identity_documents\">California is one of 22 other states (plus Washington, D.C.) that offer this option.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for the Trump administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/defending-women-from-gender-ideology-extremism-and-restoring-biological-truth-to-the-federal-government/\">“two sexes” executive order\u003c/a>, Orrock said that it still does not affect gender designations on California-issued REAL IDs, driver’s licenses or identification cards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The Gender Recognition Act] ensures that Californians have the ability to have their true gender identity legally recognized on all their official documents,” he said. “California’s legislation allows for the three gender options … that will stay in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DHS, which oversees TSA checkpoints at airports, has not announced if it will change its policy around REAL IDs with an “x” in the gender category.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"undocumented\">\u003c/a>Can undocumented people request a REAL ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to the Real ID Act, states must require individuals to prove that they are either U.S. citizens or are in the country “lawfully.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are not a U.S. citizen, you can apply for a REAL ID if you:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Are permanent resident\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Have been approved for asylum status or have a pending application\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Entered the U.S. with refugee status\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Have a foreign passport that includes a valid, unexpired U.S. visa\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Have been approved for temporary protected status (TPS) or have a pending application\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Have an approved deferred action status.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>If you don’t have any type of legal status, like the ones above, then you will not be able to request a REAL ID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, undocumented Californians \u003cem>are \u003c/em>eligible for \u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/driver-licenses-identification-cards/assembly-bill-ab-60-driver-licenses/\">AB 60 driver’s licenses\u003c/a> — named after the 2013 law that allows the DMV to issue a driver’s license to any resident who is eligible for one, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ilrc.org/sites/default/files/resources/ab_60_4_27_15.pdf\">regardless of immigration status\u003c/a>. But they can’t use it as REAL ID, Orrock confirmed, and it won’t be accepted by TSA agents or security at federal buildings after Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story contains reporting from KQED’s Juan Carlos Lara. A version of this story originally published on February 13.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Traveling Internationally? What to Know About Airport Phone Searches at the US Border",
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"headTitle": "Traveling Internationally? What to Know About Airport Phone Searches at the US Border | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the past few weeks, several U.S. citizens have shared their experiences being detained by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/customs-and-border-protection\">Customs and Border Protection\u003c/a> when reentering the country — and of having their cell phones searched in the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Amir Makled \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/09/nx-s1-5357455/attorney-detained-by-immigration-authorities\">was held by CBP for hours\u003c/a> when he landed at Detroit Metro Airport in Michigan after a family vacation in the Dominican Republic. Bachir Atallah, also a lawyer, told journalists that officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhpr.org/nh-news/2025-04-18/a-new-england-attorney-is-pursuing-legal-action-after-being-held-at-the-vermont-canadian-border\">detained him and his wife\u003c/a> without any explanation at the Vermont-Canadian border. In both accounts, the men said they reluctantly allowed CBP agents to look through their phones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another high-profile incident, the government of France said that \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/french-scientist-banned-us-entry-messages-trump-2047549\">a French scientist trying to enter the U.S. to attend a conference was denied entry\u003c/a> after a CBP agent searched the man’s phone and found messages with colleagues and friends in which he expressed opinions on President Donald Trump’s administration and its research policy. In a post on X, \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/TriciaOhio/status/1902881013220385220\">the U.S. Department of Homeland Security denied the\u003c/a> claim that his removal was based on political beliefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP officials have long \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/travel/cbp-search-authority/border-search-electronic-devices\">searched the personal electronic devices\u003c/a> — including phones, computers and cameras — of people at the U.S. border, which includes ports of entry like airports, land borders and sea ports. According to the agency, officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/2024-11/Border%20Search%20of%20Electronics%20at%20Ports%20of%20Entry%20FY%2024%20Statistics%20%28508%29.pdf\">searched through more than 47,000 devices\u003c/a> in 2024 alone. Although CBP characterizes the practice as rare, the agency’s own data shows that searches \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/717f33b1ee244594950ee39731d9fcea\">have increased consistently over the years\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no data publicly available yet for searches during the second Trump administration, although CBP spokesperson Hilton Beckham rejected the idea that “CBP is searching more electronic media due to the administration change,” and insisted that “allegations that political beliefs trigger inspections or removals are baseless and irresponsible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11970474\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11970474\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A driver's view of cars on a road moving towards a large building that says "San Francisco International."\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ali Asghar drives to a second waiting area for taxi drivers before being dispatched to the terminals to pick up passengers at San Francisco International Airport on Sept. 25, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But amid large-scale \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034742/california-students-visa-cancellations-sue-trump-administration\">denials of visas to international students\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.the-independent.com/travel/news-and-advice/usa-travel-advice-visa-ice-b2737431.html\">detention of tourists to the U.S.\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/what-records-show-about-migrants-sent-to-salvadoran-prison-60-minutes-transcript/\">deportations of immigrants\u003c/a> — and even \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4g8yj2n33yo\">some U.S. citizens\u003c/a> — more people are feeling anxious about crossing into the United States in 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading to learn more about how phone searches at the U.S. border work, what legal protections you have — and don’t have — when CBP officials ask to see your phone during international travel, and the possible consequences of refusing to comply with a search, especially for noncitizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Please bear in mind that the following is not legal advice, and advocates emphasize that you should \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013522/free-legal-aid-in-the-bay-area-how-it-works-where-to-find-it\">always seek legal advice about your individual situation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What gives CBP the power to look through my phone?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-4/\">Fourth Amendment\u003c/a> of the U.S. Constitution establishes that all individuals have the right to be secure “from unreasonable searches and seizure” in their person, homes, documentation, and belongings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that if government officials — like your local police department or a federal agency — want to search your home as part of an investigation, \u003ca href=\"https://constitutioncenter.org/the-constitution/amendments/amendment-iv/interpretations/121\">they would need a warrant\u003c/a>, usually provided by a judge. “But at the border, that changes,” said Tom McBrien, counsel at the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://epic.org/about/\">Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12034742 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-72_qed-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, the federal government \u003ca href=\"https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/vlr/vol66/iss5/1/\">has argued that certain privacy protections\u003c/a> should be waived in situations where national security may be at risk — and many courts have been receptive to this argument, McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In circumstances away from the border, “the courts recognize that the interest in enforcing the laws is strong, but so are people’s rights to privacy,” he said. But at the border and other points of entry, like an airport, the courts have “accepted the idea that national security is so important that it’s kind of a thumb on the scale in favor of being able to search people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This national security exception is what lets officials at the border search through your personal belongings — but groups that advocate for privacy and civil liberties insist that this exception gives the government too much power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The traditional justification for letting government agents freely access people’s luggage isn’t really appropriate for looking at digital data,” said Sophia Cope, senior staff attorney at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/\">Electronic Frontier Foundation\u003c/a>. “But the courts haven’t been fully convinced of that argument.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are the risks of refusing to comply with a CBP phone search?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If CBP wants to search your device, \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-5/\">the Fifth Amendment\u003c/a> allows citizens and noncitizens alike to “refuse to give them the password to unlock the phone or an account,” McBrien said. “And they can’t force you to do that until they get a warrant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are risks to this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“U.S. citizens have the most leverage — not a ton — but the most to not comply” with a search, Cope said. While CBP agents can detain you for several hours or \u003ca href=\"#takeyourphone\">take your phone\u003c/a> for an extended period of time, at some point, they have to let you back into the country as a citizen, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you are in the U.S. with a green card or short-term visa — like a student or tourist visa — and you refuse to unlock your phone during a secondary inspection, CBP can \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/wp/digital-privacy-us-border-2017#footnote1_y2jgkbj\">block you from entering the U.S.\u003c/a>, even if you live here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if you \u003cem>do\u003c/em> comply with law enforcement, if CBP agents don’t like what they see on your phone — for whatever reason — they “can detain you, or just turn you around and force you to exit the country” if you’re a green card or visa holder, McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also noted that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12035483/trump-administration-lays-out-its-evidence-for-deporting-activist-mahmoud-khalil\">the March arrest of student activist and green card holder Mahmoud Khalil\u003c/a> by USCIS has raised serious concerns among immigration advocates and legal scholars about how the federal government is attempting to deport permanent residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What kind of phone searches can CBP carry out — with or without a warrant?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Manual’ or ‘basic’ media searches\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a manual or basic media search, officials could be “grabbing your device, thumbing through it and looking for whatever they can find,” McBrien said. It can also include looking through your social media accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to CBP data, this is \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/2024-11/Border%20Search%20of%20Electronics%20at%20Ports%20of%20Entry%20FY%2024%20Statistics%20%28508%29.pdf\">the most common type of search\u003c/a>, representing over 90% of the searches registered in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A warrant is not required for this type of search, but CBP agents expect you to unlock your phone if this search takes place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Forensic’ or ‘advanced’ media searches\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this instance, an officer will usually connect your phone to another device. “That essentially allows them to either download all the content to look through it, or directly type in search terms to more powerfully screen through the phone,” McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some instances, agents can perform a forensic or advanced media search without needing you to unlock your device.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12027050 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1808440413-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP is also expected to follow certain rules around searches depending on \u003cem>where \u003c/em>the port of entry, like an airport, is located. Travelers arriving at the U.S. border in California have additional protections because of a 2019 ruling by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit — which presides over California, along with eight other western states — that agents can’t look in a device for anything other than “digital contraband.” (According to CBP, this could include \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/travel/cbp-search-authority/border-search-electronic-devices\">child pornography, classified materials or export-controlled information\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that a CBP agent in California can “look in the photos app of a phone, emails, email or text message \u003cem>attachments\u003c/em>,” said Cope, attorney with the Electronic Frontier Foundation. “But they can’t read the text messages. They can’t read emails. They can’t look at call logs, because call logs don’t have attachments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Ninth Circuit court has also ruled that an advanced search “requires reasonable suspicion that the traveler is involved in some kind of illegal activity,” Cope said. And if officials don’t have \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/reasonable_suspicion\">reasonable suspicion\u003c/a> to conduct an advanced search, “they’re going to have to get a warrant,” Cope said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What about my social media activity?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In many instances, CBP agents can look at your public social media accounts if they gain access to your phone, which has \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/DrewPavlou/status/1912380116321358274\">led many online to worry they could face consequences for having posted social media content \u003c/a>that is critical of the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear if CBP is sharing the data its agents retrieve with other immigration agencies like U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, which has publicly stated that it will begin \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/newsroom/news-releases/dhs-to-begin-screening-aliens-social-media-activity-for-antisemitism\">screening the social media activity of noncitizens\u003c/a> applying for an immigration status for “antisemitic activity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has already asked other government offices, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12035735/what-we-now-know-about-the-irs-ice-tax-data-deal\">like the Internal Revenue Service\u003c/a>, for data to enforce its immigration agenda. “Searching or gathering information for one purpose and then using it for another … we see that as being very dangerous and inappropriate,” McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>When can CBP seize my device?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Device seizures can happen in a variety of situations, but one situation that McBrien has seen before is when CBP agents confiscate a locked phone from someone who has refused to share their password.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though citizens and noncitizens alike technically have \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-5/\">the constitutional right to refuse to unlock their phones for CBP\u003c/a>, agents could then seize your phone “and hold onto that for days, weeks, even months at that point,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McBrien added that you could be more vulnerable if you use facial recognition (like an iPhone’s Face ID) to unlock your phone, as legal precedent allows law enforcement \u003ca href=\"https://idtechwire.com/fifth-amendment-does-not-protect-against-biometric-phone-unlock-says-9th-circuit-appeals-court/\">to wave your phone in front of your face to unlock it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your device \u003cem>is \u003c/em>seized, McBrien recommends asking officials for a receipt that includes the name and contact information of the federal agent you can call to keep up with the status of your device – essentially, “a paper trail so that you can prove that they have your device.” The American Civil Liberties Union also recommends you \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/our-work/know-your-rights/know-your-rights-us-airports-and-ports-entry\">document the names of any officers you interact with\u003c/a>, as well as their badge numbers and the name of the agency they work for.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What will \u003cem>you \u003c/em>do if CBP asks to search your phone?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>EFF’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/wp/digital-privacy-us-border-2017#footnote1_y2jgkbj\">comprehensive ‘Digital Privacy at the U.S. Border’ guide\u003c/a> explains how to best protect your personal electronic data before, during and after passing through the U.S. border. But “everyone should have a plan \u003cem>before \u003c/em>they leave on their trip,” Cope said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of making that plan, she said, is knowing exactly what you will do and say if you are pulled into a \u003ca href=\"https://ois.usc.edu/students/travel/u-s-customs-and-border-protection-cbp-inspection-process/\">secondary inspection\u003c/a> — that is, if you are asked to step aside at the CBP checkpoint and follow another agent to a separate area, where you may be asked to unlock your phone. This is a key decision point, Cope said, “because there are consequences” depending on whether you choose to comply or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12035489 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/250319-UCBerkeleyProtest-03-BL-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many, their decision will depend on their immigration status in the U.S. and the very real risks of refusing to unlock their phone as a noncitizen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You could also be steered by the type of data you have on your phone. Is it a work phone? Are you in a position to share it with law enforcement? And if CBP confiscates your phone, can you continue your job or daily functions without it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you plan to comply, remember that at that moment, it may be unclear how much of your personal information officers will try to access on your phone. This could be especially tricky if your phone contains sensitive or confidential information. For example, a doctor may have data about their patients or a lawyer about their clients, as was the case with attorneys \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/09/nx-s1-5357455/attorney-detained-by-immigration-authorities\">Amir Makled\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhpr.org/nh-news/2025-04-18/a-new-england-attorney-is-pursuing-legal-action-after-being-held-at-the-vermont-canadian-border\">Bachir Atallah\u003c/a>, whose phones contained privileged client information when CBP searched them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you refuse to provide your password, remember that officials can still \u003ca id=\"takeyourphone\">\u003c/a>seize your phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What do experts and advocates recommend for travelers entering the U.S. right now?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Being detained, denied entry to the U.S., or having confidential information on your phone seized: If these worst-case scenarios are “something that you’re unwilling to risk, then you should think about mitigation measures,” McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leaving personal devices at home is one way to avoid these interactions with law enforcement altogether. But if bringing your cell phone or laptop is essential, McBrien said — as it is for many travelers — you can also “look into ways to protect the data that is on those devices, both by taking sensitive information off the device or storing it somewhere else,” McBrien said. If you plan to travel with a device provided to you by your employer, EFF recommends \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/wp/digital-privacy-us-border-2017#talk-employer\">talking to your employer about data security before traveling\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cope has seen people travel with a “burner phone” — a phone you only use when travelling that doesn’t carry any personal or significant information. “But that also might raise questions,” she said. “‘What are you trying to hide?’ ‘Why isn’t this your real phone?’ So people need to be ready for that conversation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of whether you choose to comply with a phone search, Cope recommended backing up your data — to the cloud or another way — before you encounter CBP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you do comply, the data might get corrupted if they try to do a forensic search,” she said. “If you \u003cem>don’t \u003c/em>comply, then maybe you will lose that data if your device is confiscated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re worried about losing your phone at the border to a seizure, consider bringing several emergency contact numbers written in a notebook or similar, so that you can contact loved ones — or \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034703/what-should-international-students-on-visas-and-green-cards-know-right-now\">an immigration lawyer\u003c/a> — without having access to your phone’s contact list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12038094 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2204718967-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McBrien also said it’s “a really good idea for people to have friends and family know when they are planning on crossing a border or coming into an airport — so that if they’re not heard from quickly, people in their lives are aware and can reach out to someone for help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, any plan you make has to address concerns specific to your specific legal status and what type of information you carry with you, Cope said. “What’s important to understand is that one size doesn’t fit all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>More reading and resources\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/wp/digital-privacy-us-border-2017#footnote1_y2jgkbj\">Read more about digital privacy protections at the border in EFF’s guide.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013522/free-legal-aid-in-the-bay-area-how-it-works-where-to-find-it\">a guide on how to find free or low-cost legal aid in the Bay Area\u003c/a>, including those who provide immigration services. Keep in mind that many of these groups have limited resources and may not be able to provide assistance immediately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bar Association in San Francisco \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfbar.org/lris/immigration-lawyers/\">keeps a database of private immigration lawyers\u003c/a> in San Francisco and Marin counties and \u003ca href=\"https://lrsconnect.org/\">refers those living elsewhere to LRS Connect, a nonprofit search tool\u003c/a> set up to connect individuals with lawyers specific to their needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the past few weeks, several U.S. citizens have shared their experiences being detained by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/customs-and-border-protection\">Customs and Border Protection\u003c/a> when reentering the country — and of having their cell phones searched in the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Amir Makled \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/09/nx-s1-5357455/attorney-detained-by-immigration-authorities\">was held by CBP for hours\u003c/a> when he landed at Detroit Metro Airport in Michigan after a family vacation in the Dominican Republic. Bachir Atallah, also a lawyer, told journalists that officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhpr.org/nh-news/2025-04-18/a-new-england-attorney-is-pursuing-legal-action-after-being-held-at-the-vermont-canadian-border\">detained him and his wife\u003c/a> without any explanation at the Vermont-Canadian border. In both accounts, the men said they reluctantly allowed CBP agents to look through their phones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another high-profile incident, the government of France said that \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/french-scientist-banned-us-entry-messages-trump-2047549\">a French scientist trying to enter the U.S. to attend a conference was denied entry\u003c/a> after a CBP agent searched the man’s phone and found messages with colleagues and friends in which he expressed opinions on President Donald Trump’s administration and its research policy. In a post on X, \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/TriciaOhio/status/1902881013220385220\">the U.S. Department of Homeland Security denied the\u003c/a> claim that his removal was based on political beliefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP officials have long \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/travel/cbp-search-authority/border-search-electronic-devices\">searched the personal electronic devices\u003c/a> — including phones, computers and cameras — of people at the U.S. border, which includes ports of entry like airports, land borders and sea ports. According to the agency, officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/2024-11/Border%20Search%20of%20Electronics%20at%20Ports%20of%20Entry%20FY%2024%20Statistics%20%28508%29.pdf\">searched through more than 47,000 devices\u003c/a> in 2024 alone. Although CBP characterizes the practice as rare, the agency’s own data shows that searches \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/717f33b1ee244594950ee39731d9fcea\">have increased consistently over the years\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no data publicly available yet for searches during the second Trump administration, although CBP spokesperson Hilton Beckham rejected the idea that “CBP is searching more electronic media due to the administration change,” and insisted that “allegations that political beliefs trigger inspections or removals are baseless and irresponsible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11970474\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11970474\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A driver's view of cars on a road moving towards a large building that says "San Francisco International."\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/230925-TaxiDriver-001-BL-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ali Asghar drives to a second waiting area for taxi drivers before being dispatched to the terminals to pick up passengers at San Francisco International Airport on Sept. 25, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But amid large-scale \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034742/california-students-visa-cancellations-sue-trump-administration\">denials of visas to international students\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.the-independent.com/travel/news-and-advice/usa-travel-advice-visa-ice-b2737431.html\">detention of tourists to the U.S.\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/what-records-show-about-migrants-sent-to-salvadoran-prison-60-minutes-transcript/\">deportations of immigrants\u003c/a> — and even \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4g8yj2n33yo\">some U.S. citizens\u003c/a> — more people are feeling anxious about crossing into the United States in 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading to learn more about how phone searches at the U.S. border work, what legal protections you have — and don’t have — when CBP officials ask to see your phone during international travel, and the possible consequences of refusing to comply with a search, especially for noncitizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Please bear in mind that the following is not legal advice, and advocates emphasize that you should \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013522/free-legal-aid-in-the-bay-area-how-it-works-where-to-find-it\">always seek legal advice about your individual situation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What gives CBP the power to look through my phone?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-4/\">Fourth Amendment\u003c/a> of the U.S. Constitution establishes that all individuals have the right to be secure “from unreasonable searches and seizure” in their person, homes, documentation, and belongings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that if government officials — like your local police department or a federal agency — want to search your home as part of an investigation, \u003ca href=\"https://constitutioncenter.org/the-constitution/amendments/amendment-iv/interpretations/121\">they would need a warrant\u003c/a>, usually provided by a judge. “But at the border, that changes,” said Tom McBrien, counsel at the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://epic.org/about/\">Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, the federal government \u003ca href=\"https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/vlr/vol66/iss5/1/\">has argued that certain privacy protections\u003c/a> should be waived in situations where national security may be at risk — and many courts have been receptive to this argument, McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In circumstances away from the border, “the courts recognize that the interest in enforcing the laws is strong, but so are people’s rights to privacy,” he said. But at the border and other points of entry, like an airport, the courts have “accepted the idea that national security is so important that it’s kind of a thumb on the scale in favor of being able to search people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This national security exception is what lets officials at the border search through your personal belongings — but groups that advocate for privacy and civil liberties insist that this exception gives the government too much power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The traditional justification for letting government agents freely access people’s luggage isn’t really appropriate for looking at digital data,” said Sophia Cope, senior staff attorney at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/\">Electronic Frontier Foundation\u003c/a>. “But the courts haven’t been fully convinced of that argument.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are the risks of refusing to comply with a CBP phone search?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If CBP wants to search your device, \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-5/\">the Fifth Amendment\u003c/a> allows citizens and noncitizens alike to “refuse to give them the password to unlock the phone or an account,” McBrien said. “And they can’t force you to do that until they get a warrant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are risks to this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“U.S. citizens have the most leverage — not a ton — but the most to not comply” with a search, Cope said. While CBP agents can detain you for several hours or \u003ca href=\"#takeyourphone\">take your phone\u003c/a> for an extended period of time, at some point, they have to let you back into the country as a citizen, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you are in the U.S. with a green card or short-term visa — like a student or tourist visa — and you refuse to unlock your phone during a secondary inspection, CBP can \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/wp/digital-privacy-us-border-2017#footnote1_y2jgkbj\">block you from entering the U.S.\u003c/a>, even if you live here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if you \u003cem>do\u003c/em> comply with law enforcement, if CBP agents don’t like what they see on your phone — for whatever reason — they “can detain you, or just turn you around and force you to exit the country” if you’re a green card or visa holder, McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also noted that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12035483/trump-administration-lays-out-its-evidence-for-deporting-activist-mahmoud-khalil\">the March arrest of student activist and green card holder Mahmoud Khalil\u003c/a> by USCIS has raised serious concerns among immigration advocates and legal scholars about how the federal government is attempting to deport permanent residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What kind of phone searches can CBP carry out — with or without a warrant?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Manual’ or ‘basic’ media searches\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a manual or basic media search, officials could be “grabbing your device, thumbing through it and looking for whatever they can find,” McBrien said. It can also include looking through your social media accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to CBP data, this is \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/2024-11/Border%20Search%20of%20Electronics%20at%20Ports%20of%20Entry%20FY%2024%20Statistics%20%28508%29.pdf\">the most common type of search\u003c/a>, representing over 90% of the searches registered in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A warrant is not required for this type of search, but CBP agents expect you to unlock your phone if this search takes place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Forensic’ or ‘advanced’ media searches\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this instance, an officer will usually connect your phone to another device. “That essentially allows them to either download all the content to look through it, or directly type in search terms to more powerfully screen through the phone,” McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some instances, agents can perform a forensic or advanced media search without needing you to unlock your device.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP is also expected to follow certain rules around searches depending on \u003cem>where \u003c/em>the port of entry, like an airport, is located. Travelers arriving at the U.S. border in California have additional protections because of a 2019 ruling by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit — which presides over California, along with eight other western states — that agents can’t look in a device for anything other than “digital contraband.” (According to CBP, this could include \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/travel/cbp-search-authority/border-search-electronic-devices\">child pornography, classified materials or export-controlled information\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that a CBP agent in California can “look in the photos app of a phone, emails, email or text message \u003cem>attachments\u003c/em>,” said Cope, attorney with the Electronic Frontier Foundation. “But they can’t read the text messages. They can’t read emails. They can’t look at call logs, because call logs don’t have attachments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Ninth Circuit court has also ruled that an advanced search “requires reasonable suspicion that the traveler is involved in some kind of illegal activity,” Cope said. And if officials don’t have \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/reasonable_suspicion\">reasonable suspicion\u003c/a> to conduct an advanced search, “they’re going to have to get a warrant,” Cope said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What about my social media activity?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In many instances, CBP agents can look at your public social media accounts if they gain access to your phone, which has \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/DrewPavlou/status/1912380116321358274\">led many online to worry they could face consequences for having posted social media content \u003c/a>that is critical of the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear if CBP is sharing the data its agents retrieve with other immigration agencies like U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, which has publicly stated that it will begin \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/newsroom/news-releases/dhs-to-begin-screening-aliens-social-media-activity-for-antisemitism\">screening the social media activity of noncitizens\u003c/a> applying for an immigration status for “antisemitic activity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has already asked other government offices, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12035735/what-we-now-know-about-the-irs-ice-tax-data-deal\">like the Internal Revenue Service\u003c/a>, for data to enforce its immigration agenda. “Searching or gathering information for one purpose and then using it for another … we see that as being very dangerous and inappropriate,” McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>When can CBP seize my device?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Device seizures can happen in a variety of situations, but one situation that McBrien has seen before is when CBP agents confiscate a locked phone from someone who has refused to share their password.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though citizens and noncitizens alike technically have \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-5/\">the constitutional right to refuse to unlock their phones for CBP\u003c/a>, agents could then seize your phone “and hold onto that for days, weeks, even months at that point,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McBrien added that you could be more vulnerable if you use facial recognition (like an iPhone’s Face ID) to unlock your phone, as legal precedent allows law enforcement \u003ca href=\"https://idtechwire.com/fifth-amendment-does-not-protect-against-biometric-phone-unlock-says-9th-circuit-appeals-court/\">to wave your phone in front of your face to unlock it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your device \u003cem>is \u003c/em>seized, McBrien recommends asking officials for a receipt that includes the name and contact information of the federal agent you can call to keep up with the status of your device – essentially, “a paper trail so that you can prove that they have your device.” The American Civil Liberties Union also recommends you \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/our-work/know-your-rights/know-your-rights-us-airports-and-ports-entry\">document the names of any officers you interact with\u003c/a>, as well as their badge numbers and the name of the agency they work for.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What will \u003cem>you \u003c/em>do if CBP asks to search your phone?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>EFF’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/wp/digital-privacy-us-border-2017#footnote1_y2jgkbj\">comprehensive ‘Digital Privacy at the U.S. Border’ guide\u003c/a> explains how to best protect your personal electronic data before, during and after passing through the U.S. border. But “everyone should have a plan \u003cem>before \u003c/em>they leave on their trip,” Cope said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of making that plan, she said, is knowing exactly what you will do and say if you are pulled into a \u003ca href=\"https://ois.usc.edu/students/travel/u-s-customs-and-border-protection-cbp-inspection-process/\">secondary inspection\u003c/a> — that is, if you are asked to step aside at the CBP checkpoint and follow another agent to a separate area, where you may be asked to unlock your phone. This is a key decision point, Cope said, “because there are consequences” depending on whether you choose to comply or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many, their decision will depend on their immigration status in the U.S. and the very real risks of refusing to unlock their phone as a noncitizen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You could also be steered by the type of data you have on your phone. Is it a work phone? Are you in a position to share it with law enforcement? And if CBP confiscates your phone, can you continue your job or daily functions without it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you plan to comply, remember that at that moment, it may be unclear how much of your personal information officers will try to access on your phone. This could be especially tricky if your phone contains sensitive or confidential information. For example, a doctor may have data about their patients or a lawyer about their clients, as was the case with attorneys \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/09/nx-s1-5357455/attorney-detained-by-immigration-authorities\">Amir Makled\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhpr.org/nh-news/2025-04-18/a-new-england-attorney-is-pursuing-legal-action-after-being-held-at-the-vermont-canadian-border\">Bachir Atallah\u003c/a>, whose phones contained privileged client information when CBP searched them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you refuse to provide your password, remember that officials can still \u003ca id=\"takeyourphone\">\u003c/a>seize your phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What do experts and advocates recommend for travelers entering the U.S. right now?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Being detained, denied entry to the U.S., or having confidential information on your phone seized: If these worst-case scenarios are “something that you’re unwilling to risk, then you should think about mitigation measures,” McBrien said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leaving personal devices at home is one way to avoid these interactions with law enforcement altogether. But if bringing your cell phone or laptop is essential, McBrien said — as it is for many travelers — you can also “look into ways to protect the data that is on those devices, both by taking sensitive information off the device or storing it somewhere else,” McBrien said. If you plan to travel with a device provided to you by your employer, EFF recommends \u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/wp/digital-privacy-us-border-2017#talk-employer\">talking to your employer about data security before traveling\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cope has seen people travel with a “burner phone” — a phone you only use when travelling that doesn’t carry any personal or significant information. “But that also might raise questions,” she said. “‘What are you trying to hide?’ ‘Why isn’t this your real phone?’ So people need to be ready for that conversation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of whether you choose to comply with a phone search, Cope recommended backing up your data — to the cloud or another way — before you encounter CBP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you do comply, the data might get corrupted if they try to do a forensic search,” she said. “If you \u003cem>don’t \u003c/em>comply, then maybe you will lose that data if your device is confiscated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re worried about losing your phone at the border to a seizure, consider bringing several emergency contact numbers written in a notebook or similar, so that you can contact loved ones — or \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034703/what-should-international-students-on-visas-and-green-cards-know-right-now\">an immigration lawyer\u003c/a> — without having access to your phone’s contact list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McBrien also said it’s “a really good idea for people to have friends and family know when they are planning on crossing a border or coming into an airport — so that if they’re not heard from quickly, people in their lives are aware and can reach out to someone for help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, any plan you make has to address concerns specific to your specific legal status and what type of information you carry with you, Cope said. “What’s important to understand is that one size doesn’t fit all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>More reading and resources\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.eff.org/wp/digital-privacy-us-border-2017#footnote1_y2jgkbj\">Read more about digital privacy protections at the border in EFF’s guide.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013522/free-legal-aid-in-the-bay-area-how-it-works-where-to-find-it\">a guide on how to find free or low-cost legal aid in the Bay Area\u003c/a>, including those who provide immigration services. Keep in mind that many of these groups have limited resources and may not be able to provide assistance immediately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bar Association in San Francisco \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfbar.org/lris/immigration-lawyers/\">keeps a database of private immigration lawyers\u003c/a> in San Francisco and Marin counties and \u003ca href=\"https://lrsconnect.org/\">refers those living elsewhere to LRS Connect, a nonprofit search tool\u003c/a> set up to connect individuals with lawyers specific to their needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "the-real-id-deadline-is-may-7-but-its-unclear-if-itll-be-immediately-enforced",
"title": "The Real ID Deadline Is May 7 — but It's Unclear if It'll Be Immediately Enforced",
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"content": "\u003cp>The federal government says it will finally begin enforcing the national \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12027050/apply-for-real-id-deadline-may-7-can-i-fly-without\">Real ID law starting on May 7\u003c/a> — for real this time, after \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2008/01/11/18028514/homeland-security-unveils-real-id-regulations\">nearly two decades\u003c/a> of delays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many people, this matters most for boarding domestic flights. Non-Real ID driver’s licenses and identification cards won’t get you through security at U.S. airports when the law is fully enforced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But are the millions of daily U.S. airline passengers — as well as the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) officials who screen them — ready for the changeover?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, the federal government has set and delayed other deadlines for Real ID enforcement after realizing that not enough Americans would be ready with compliant documents, says Kyle Potter, executive editor of the travel website Thrifty Traveler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So they extend [the deadline] again and they push it out another two or three years, but then there’s no more urgency,” he said. “So this problem just keeps happening and happening and happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the latest Real ID deadline approaches in less than a month, here’s what you need to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s happening on May 7?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On that date, federal agencies including the TSA say they will accept only state-issued driver’s licenses and IDs that meet Real ID requirements, which include having applicants provide certain identifying information such as Social Security numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This doesn’t mean that you need a Real ID to board a domestic flight. You can still use a passport or passport card, an enhanced driver’s license issued by some states, a permanent resident card or one of many \u003ca href=\"https://www.tsa.gov/travel/security-screening/identification\">other forms of ID allowed by the TSA\u003c/a>. (Children under 18 don’t need any identification to fly within the United States.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12035416\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12035416\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1035\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-800x518.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-1020x660.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-1536x994.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This driver’s license design is meant to comply with federal Real ID requirements. The star in the top-right corner indicates that it’s a Real ID. \u003ccite>(AP/Kansas Department of Revenue)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But it does mean that state-issued driver’s licenses that aren’t Real ID-compliant will no longer be accepted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to TSA spokesperson Lisa Farbstein, 81% of current U.S. travelers already use a Real ID license or an approved alternative form of identification, such as a passport.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Will I get turned away at the airport if I don’t have a Real ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s still unclear whether travelers carrying a non-Real ID license will be sent packing — or just face additional scrutiny by law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/real-id/real-id-faqs\">FAQ on its website\u003c/a>, the Department of Homeland Security says travelers without “a REAL ID-compliant license or acceptable alternative beginning May 7, 2025, will not be permitted through the security checkpoint.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12027050 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1808440413-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the TSA has said it plans to begin “\u003ca href=\"https://www.tsa.gov/news/press/releases/2025/01/13/tsa-publishes-final-rule-real-id-enforcement-beginning-may-7-2025\">phased enforcement\u003c/a>” on May 7, though it hasn’t shared details about what that means. In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/01/14/2025-00484/minimum-standards-for-drivers-licenses-and-identification-cards-acceptable-by-federal-agencies-for\">federal rule published this year\u003c/a>, the agency said it could take a “phased approach” to enforcement over two years, with the ability to issue warnings to people without Real IDs to avoid “a serious risk of operational disruption, negative public impact, and potential security vulnerabilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another TSA spokesperson \u003ca href=\"https://www.tpr.org/economy-and-labor/2025-04-07/tsa-warns-real-id-enforcement-starting-may-7-could-cause-long-lines-and-confusion-at-airports\">told member station KUT\u003c/a> that security officers may subject travelers with non-Real ID licenses to extra screening measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Potter, the travel editor, said he thinks the TSA and the federal government are “trying to find a middle ground of telling people that Real ID is happening but giving them some wiggle room to avoid the kinds of mass disruptions that nobody wants in air travel.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How do I get a Real ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>First, check to see whether you’ve got a Real ID already. Your driver’s license or ID card is compliant with the new rules if it has one of \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/tsa/status/1518939714937577472\">these star markings\u003c/a> in one of its top corners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Otherwise, you should check with the motor vehicle agency in your state to find out how to get a Real ID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/real-id/real-id-faqs\">Department of Homeland Security\u003c/a>, you’ll need to provide documentation showing your full legal name, date of birth, Social Security number and lawful status, as well as two proofs of address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But federal officials say to double-check with your state to find out exactly what documents are necessary and whether your state goes beyond the minimum federal Real ID requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fast-approaching deadline has led to a surge of applications at state DMVs from \u003ca href=\"https://www.opb.org/article/2025/04/07/thousands-of-oregonians-book-appointments-as-real-id-deadline-approaches/\">Oregon\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.witf.org/2025/04/08/penndot-says-only-a-quarter-of-pennsylvanians-have-real-id-ahead-of-upcoming-enforcement-deadline/\">Pennsylvania\u003c/a> as people rush to get compliant licenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why is all this happening, anyway?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Real ID Act was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2009/12/07/121162967/real-id-act-might-cause-real-hassles-for-travelers\">signed into law\u003c/a> in 2005 after the 9/11 Commission warned that it was too easy to obtain a driver’s license in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there have been hurdles in getting all 50 states and U.S. territories to adopt the new requirements and begin issuing Real IDs, something the federal government \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/transcripts/7673289?ft=nprml&f=7673289\">estimated in 2007\u003c/a> would cost states $11 billion to implement. More recently, issues stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/03/26/822031112/tougher-id-requirements-for-domestic-flights-postponed-to-2021\">caused additional delays\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t until 2020 — 15 years after the Real ID Act became law — that all 50 states \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/archive/real-id/news/2020/09/10/all-us-states-now-compliant-ahead-real-id-deadline\">became compliant\u003c/a> with its licensing requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to airports, people entering certain other federal facilities and nuclear power plants will also be required to present a Real ID, the Department of Homeland Security, said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Questions remain as to whether millions of daily US airline passengers — and the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) officials who screen them — will be ready for the changeover to Real ID.",
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"title": "The Real ID Deadline Is May 7 — but It's Unclear if It'll Be Immediately Enforced | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The federal government says it will finally begin enforcing the national \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12027050/apply-for-real-id-deadline-may-7-can-i-fly-without\">Real ID law starting on May 7\u003c/a> — for real this time, after \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2008/01/11/18028514/homeland-security-unveils-real-id-regulations\">nearly two decades\u003c/a> of delays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many people, this matters most for boarding domestic flights. Non-Real ID driver’s licenses and identification cards won’t get you through security at U.S. airports when the law is fully enforced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But are the millions of daily U.S. airline passengers — as well as the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) officials who screen them — ready for the changeover?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, the federal government has set and delayed other deadlines for Real ID enforcement after realizing that not enough Americans would be ready with compliant documents, says Kyle Potter, executive editor of the travel website Thrifty Traveler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So they extend [the deadline] again and they push it out another two or three years, but then there’s no more urgency,” he said. “So this problem just keeps happening and happening and happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the latest Real ID deadline approaches in less than a month, here’s what you need to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s happening on May 7?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On that date, federal agencies including the TSA say they will accept only state-issued driver’s licenses and IDs that meet Real ID requirements, which include having applicants provide certain identifying information such as Social Security numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This doesn’t mean that you need a Real ID to board a domestic flight. You can still use a passport or passport card, an enhanced driver’s license issued by some states, a permanent resident card or one of many \u003ca href=\"https://www.tsa.gov/travel/security-screening/identification\">other forms of ID allowed by the TSA\u003c/a>. (Children under 18 don’t need any identification to fly within the United States.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12035416\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12035416\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1035\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-800x518.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-1020x660.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-1536x994.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This driver’s license design is meant to comply with federal Real ID requirements. The star in the top-right corner indicates that it’s a Real ID. \u003ccite>(AP/Kansas Department of Revenue)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But it does mean that state-issued driver’s licenses that aren’t Real ID-compliant will no longer be accepted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to TSA spokesperson Lisa Farbstein, 81% of current U.S. travelers already use a Real ID license or an approved alternative form of identification, such as a passport.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Will I get turned away at the airport if I don’t have a Real ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s still unclear whether travelers carrying a non-Real ID license will be sent packing — or just face additional scrutiny by law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/real-id/real-id-faqs\">FAQ on its website\u003c/a>, the Department of Homeland Security says travelers without “a REAL ID-compliant license or acceptable alternative beginning May 7, 2025, will not be permitted through the security checkpoint.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the TSA has said it plans to begin “\u003ca href=\"https://www.tsa.gov/news/press/releases/2025/01/13/tsa-publishes-final-rule-real-id-enforcement-beginning-may-7-2025\">phased enforcement\u003c/a>” on May 7, though it hasn’t shared details about what that means. In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/01/14/2025-00484/minimum-standards-for-drivers-licenses-and-identification-cards-acceptable-by-federal-agencies-for\">federal rule published this year\u003c/a>, the agency said it could take a “phased approach” to enforcement over two years, with the ability to issue warnings to people without Real IDs to avoid “a serious risk of operational disruption, negative public impact, and potential security vulnerabilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another TSA spokesperson \u003ca href=\"https://www.tpr.org/economy-and-labor/2025-04-07/tsa-warns-real-id-enforcement-starting-may-7-could-cause-long-lines-and-confusion-at-airports\">told member station KUT\u003c/a> that security officers may subject travelers with non-Real ID licenses to extra screening measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Potter, the travel editor, said he thinks the TSA and the federal government are “trying to find a middle ground of telling people that Real ID is happening but giving them some wiggle room to avoid the kinds of mass disruptions that nobody wants in air travel.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How do I get a Real ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>First, check to see whether you’ve got a Real ID already. Your driver’s license or ID card is compliant with the new rules if it has one of \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/tsa/status/1518939714937577472\">these star markings\u003c/a> in one of its top corners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Otherwise, you should check with the motor vehicle agency in your state to find out how to get a Real ID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/real-id/real-id-faqs\">Department of Homeland Security\u003c/a>, you’ll need to provide documentation showing your full legal name, date of birth, Social Security number and lawful status, as well as two proofs of address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But federal officials say to double-check with your state to find out exactly what documents are necessary and whether your state goes beyond the minimum federal Real ID requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fast-approaching deadline has led to a surge of applications at state DMVs from \u003ca href=\"https://www.opb.org/article/2025/04/07/thousands-of-oregonians-book-appointments-as-real-id-deadline-approaches/\">Oregon\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.witf.org/2025/04/08/penndot-says-only-a-quarter-of-pennsylvanians-have-real-id-ahead-of-upcoming-enforcement-deadline/\">Pennsylvania\u003c/a> as people rush to get compliant licenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why is all this happening, anyway?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Real ID Act was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2009/12/07/121162967/real-id-act-might-cause-real-hassles-for-travelers\">signed into law\u003c/a> in 2005 after the 9/11 Commission warned that it was too easy to obtain a driver’s license in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there have been hurdles in getting all 50 states and U.S. territories to adopt the new requirements and begin issuing Real IDs, something the federal government \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/transcripts/7673289?ft=nprml&f=7673289\">estimated in 2007\u003c/a> would cost states $11 billion to implement. More recently, issues stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/03/26/822031112/tougher-id-requirements-for-domestic-flights-postponed-to-2021\">caused additional delays\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t until 2020 — 15 years after the Real ID Act became law — that all 50 states \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/archive/real-id/news/2020/09/10/all-us-states-now-compliant-ahead-real-id-deadline\">became compliant\u003c/a> with its licensing requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to airports, people entering certain other federal facilities and nuclear power plants will also be required to present a Real ID, the Department of Homeland Security, said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "what-green-card-and-visa-holders-should-know-before-traveling-abroad",
"title": "What Green-Card and Visa Holders Should Know Before Traveling Abroad",
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"headTitle": "What Green-Card and Visa Holders Should Know Before Traveling Abroad | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Traveling or returning to the U.S. from abroad has become increasingly risky for some — even for people with valid visas and green cards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent weeks, international tourists, visa holders and lawful permanent residents — also known as green-card holders — have been facing tougher scrutiny at airports and border crossings. The change comes amid a broader crackdown by the Trump administration to reduce both legal and illegal immigration to the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as spring break trips and summer vacations draw near, stories of green-card and visa holders being detained have sparked new concerns about traveling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, for example, Brown University \u003ca href=\"https://today.brown.edu/announcements/193542\">urged\u003c/a> its international staff and students to postpone any plans to travel outside the U.S. “out of an abundance of caution.” Canada, along with several countries in Europe, including Denmark, Ireland and Germany, have also \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/22/nx-s1-5336792/european-countries-canada-travel-warnings-us\">updated their travel guidance\u003c/a> for the U.S., urging their citizens to strictly adhere to U.S. entry rules or risk detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to NPR, Hilton Beckham, assistant commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), said, “Green card holders who have not broken any U.S. laws, committed application fraud, or failed to apply for a re-entry permit after a long period of travel have nothing to fear about entering and exiting the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration attorneys told NPR the riskiness of traveling abroad will be different for individual travelers, making it important for them to understand their rights and privileges before making travel plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Get up to speed on your rights based on your status\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are generally three kinds of travelers who enter the U.S., according to Stephanie Gee, senior director of U.S. legal services at the International Refugee Assistance Project (IRAP).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12032046 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/DonaldTrumpEOGetty-1020x664.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. citizens have guaranteed access to the country, Gee said. Green-card holders have procedural rights, meaning only an immigration judge can revoke their green card status. That means U.S. citizens and green-card holders can choose to not answer CBP officers’ questions or let them search their electronic devices, though refusing to do so can result in a delay in entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, travelers with a temporary visa, which is common among students and tourists, have the “fewest rights,” Gee said. CBP officers have the final say on whether these travelers can enter the country, and can simply deny entry if a visa holder refuses to answer officers’ questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephen Yale-Loehr, a retired immigration law professor from Cornell Law School, recommends that green-card and visa holders double check their immigration documents before they fly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Make sure everything is in order, their visa hasn’t expired or they don’t have a renewal application pending,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Assess your risk level, preferably with an immigration attorney\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are additional factors that could raise a traveler’s risk level. Yale-Loehr pointed to a draft list of 43 countries that could be hit with a new travel ban, as reported by \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/14/us/politics/trump-travel-ban.html\">\u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>\u003c/a> earlier this month. (NPR has not independently confirmed the reporting.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though there’s not a list that’s currently in effect, Yale-Loehr advised that travelers from the 11 countries in the proposed “red” category — places where travel to the U.S. would be banned outright — should think twice before flying here. These countries include Afghanistan, Bhutan, Cuba, Iran, Libya, North Korea, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Venezuela and Yemen.[aside postID=news_12026273 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/GettyImages-1277623147-1020x680.jpg']Yale-Loehr added that typically, visa holders who are denied entry are simply put on the next plane back to their home country. But some people have recently been taken into custody and detained for days and \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2025/mar/18/british-tourist-rebecca-burke-held-by-us-over-visa-released-from-detention-says-family\">weeks on end\u003c/a>. “ It’s a seemingly a growing problem,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For green-card holders, factors like a long trip abroad can raise suspicion at the airport. Lately, some immigration attorneys have also been warning that green-card holders with a criminal record, no matter how minor, should avoid leaving the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent case earlier this month, 34-year-old electrical engineer Fabian Schmidt, a green-card holder originally from Germany, was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/17/nx-s1-5329818/2-cases-boston-focus-immigration-crackdown\">taken to immigration detention\u003c/a> from Logan International Airport in Boston over a decade-old misdemeanor charge for marijuana possession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gee from IRAP said the best practice is for green-card and visa holders to consult an immigration attorney and get tailored advice on their personal situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if this is not something you would’ve considered doing and you’ve traveled routinely before,” she said. “Just because its clear that immigration enforcement at airports is picking up in a way that it has not in the past.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Know that customs officers are allowed to search your electronic devices\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>CBP officers can ask travelers to unlock their cell phones, give laptop passwords or hand over digital cameras. U.S. citizens and green-card holders can’t be turned away simply because they refuse, but visa holders can, according to Yale-Loehr.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said during an electronic search, CBP officers often look for material that would suggest non-citizens are ineligible to enter the U.S. That includes criminal convictions, domestic violence and support of terrorism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s wide discretion at the border in terms of who to admit to the United States, even if you have a valid visa,” Yale-Loehr said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a traveler’s electronic device gets confiscated, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/our-work/know-your-rights/know-your-rights-us-airports-and-ports-entry\">American Civil Liberties Union\u003c/a> suggests asking for the officers’ names, badge numbers and which agency they work for. It also advises that travelers should call the agency to request a receipt documenting that a personal item was taken away.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Alert a trusted friend if things go awry\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights/what-do-when-encountering-law-enforcement-airports-and-other-ports-entry-us#do-i-have-to-provide-my-laptop-passwords-or-unlock-my-mobile-phone-for-law-enforcement-officers-at-the-border\">ACLU\u003c/a>, travelers who are asked to undergo further inspection at the airport are not entitled to an attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yale-Loehr said it’s still useful to have an immigration attorney’s contact information on hand. He also suggests travelers to have a friend who can be quickly reached if there’s trouble entering the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So if it looks like you’re going to be questioned by the border people, you can text a friend saying, ‘I’m being pulled into secondary inspection, contact my immigration lawyer,’ ” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gee from IRAP added that travelers can also ask for an interpreter if they need language assistance during inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s really important actually because the questions you’re being asked and your answers to them are really going to determine — a lot of times — the outcome of that situation,” she said. “So you should not be shy about saying, ‘I don’t understand. I need an interpreter.’ If that’s your situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if authorities do not provide an interpreter, Gee said it’s helpful to have the request on the record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s generally going to be a transcript of the questions and answers in these types of interviews and inspections, and that is the kind of official record of what actually happens during this time,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Joel Rose contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Traveling or returning to the U.S. from abroad has become increasingly risky for some — even for people with valid visas and green cards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent weeks, international tourists, visa holders and lawful permanent residents — also known as green-card holders — have been facing tougher scrutiny at airports and border crossings. The change comes amid a broader crackdown by the Trump administration to reduce both legal and illegal immigration to the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as spring break trips and summer vacations draw near, stories of green-card and visa holders being detained have sparked new concerns about traveling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, for example, Brown University \u003ca href=\"https://today.brown.edu/announcements/193542\">urged\u003c/a> its international staff and students to postpone any plans to travel outside the U.S. “out of an abundance of caution.” Canada, along with several countries in Europe, including Denmark, Ireland and Germany, have also \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/22/nx-s1-5336792/european-countries-canada-travel-warnings-us\">updated their travel guidance\u003c/a> for the U.S., urging their citizens to strictly adhere to U.S. entry rules or risk detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to NPR, Hilton Beckham, assistant commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), said, “Green card holders who have not broken any U.S. laws, committed application fraud, or failed to apply for a re-entry permit after a long period of travel have nothing to fear about entering and exiting the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration attorneys told NPR the riskiness of traveling abroad will be different for individual travelers, making it important for them to understand their rights and privileges before making travel plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Get up to speed on your rights based on your status\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are generally three kinds of travelers who enter the U.S., according to Stephanie Gee, senior director of U.S. legal services at the International Refugee Assistance Project (IRAP).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. citizens have guaranteed access to the country, Gee said. Green-card holders have procedural rights, meaning only an immigration judge can revoke their green card status. That means U.S. citizens and green-card holders can choose to not answer CBP officers’ questions or let them search their electronic devices, though refusing to do so can result in a delay in entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, travelers with a temporary visa, which is common among students and tourists, have the “fewest rights,” Gee said. CBP officers have the final say on whether these travelers can enter the country, and can simply deny entry if a visa holder refuses to answer officers’ questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephen Yale-Loehr, a retired immigration law professor from Cornell Law School, recommends that green-card and visa holders double check their immigration documents before they fly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Make sure everything is in order, their visa hasn’t expired or they don’t have a renewal application pending,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Assess your risk level, preferably with an immigration attorney\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are additional factors that could raise a traveler’s risk level. Yale-Loehr pointed to a draft list of 43 countries that could be hit with a new travel ban, as reported by \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/14/us/politics/trump-travel-ban.html\">\u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>\u003c/a> earlier this month. (NPR has not independently confirmed the reporting.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though there’s not a list that’s currently in effect, Yale-Loehr advised that travelers from the 11 countries in the proposed “red” category — places where travel to the U.S. would be banned outright — should think twice before flying here. These countries include Afghanistan, Bhutan, Cuba, Iran, Libya, North Korea, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Venezuela and Yemen.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Yale-Loehr added that typically, visa holders who are denied entry are simply put on the next plane back to their home country. But some people have recently been taken into custody and detained for days and \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2025/mar/18/british-tourist-rebecca-burke-held-by-us-over-visa-released-from-detention-says-family\">weeks on end\u003c/a>. “ It’s a seemingly a growing problem,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For green-card holders, factors like a long trip abroad can raise suspicion at the airport. Lately, some immigration attorneys have also been warning that green-card holders with a criminal record, no matter how minor, should avoid leaving the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent case earlier this month, 34-year-old electrical engineer Fabian Schmidt, a green-card holder originally from Germany, was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/17/nx-s1-5329818/2-cases-boston-focus-immigration-crackdown\">taken to immigration detention\u003c/a> from Logan International Airport in Boston over a decade-old misdemeanor charge for marijuana possession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gee from IRAP said the best practice is for green-card and visa holders to consult an immigration attorney and get tailored advice on their personal situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if this is not something you would’ve considered doing and you’ve traveled routinely before,” she said. “Just because its clear that immigration enforcement at airports is picking up in a way that it has not in the past.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Know that customs officers are allowed to search your electronic devices\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>CBP officers can ask travelers to unlock their cell phones, give laptop passwords or hand over digital cameras. U.S. citizens and green-card holders can’t be turned away simply because they refuse, but visa holders can, according to Yale-Loehr.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said during an electronic search, CBP officers often look for material that would suggest non-citizens are ineligible to enter the U.S. That includes criminal convictions, domestic violence and support of terrorism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s wide discretion at the border in terms of who to admit to the United States, even if you have a valid visa,” Yale-Loehr said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a traveler’s electronic device gets confiscated, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/our-work/know-your-rights/know-your-rights-us-airports-and-ports-entry\">American Civil Liberties Union\u003c/a> suggests asking for the officers’ names, badge numbers and which agency they work for. It also advises that travelers should call the agency to request a receipt documenting that a personal item was taken away.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Alert a trusted friend if things go awry\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights/what-do-when-encountering-law-enforcement-airports-and-other-ports-entry-us#do-i-have-to-provide-my-laptop-passwords-or-unlock-my-mobile-phone-for-law-enforcement-officers-at-the-border\">ACLU\u003c/a>, travelers who are asked to undergo further inspection at the airport are not entitled to an attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yale-Loehr said it’s still useful to have an immigration attorney’s contact information on hand. He also suggests travelers to have a friend who can be quickly reached if there’s trouble entering the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So if it looks like you’re going to be questioned by the border people, you can text a friend saying, ‘I’m being pulled into secondary inspection, contact my immigration lawyer,’ ” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gee from IRAP added that travelers can also ask for an interpreter if they need language assistance during inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s really important actually because the questions you’re being asked and your answers to them are really going to determine — a lot of times — the outcome of that situation,” she said. “So you should not be shy about saying, ‘I don’t understand. I need an interpreter.’ If that’s your situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if authorities do not provide an interpreter, Gee said it’s helpful to have the request on the record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s generally going to be a transcript of the questions and answers in these types of interviews and inspections, and that is the kind of official record of what actually happens during this time,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Joel Rose contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Bay Area Air Traffic Control Is Down to 1 Meteorologist After Trump's Hiring Freeze",
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"headTitle": "Bay Area Air Traffic Control Is Down to 1 Meteorologist After Trump’s Hiring Freeze | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Trump administration’s federal hiring freeze is squeezing the team of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12029178/trumps-mass-layoffs-noaa-cut-into-bay-area-weather-service\">meteorologists\u003c/a> who help air traffic controllers inform pilots about the weather minute-by-minute as they steer airplanes in and out of the Bay Area’s three major airports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For several weeks, a single \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12029178/trumps-mass-layoffs-noaa-cut-into-bay-area-weather-service\">meteorologist\u003c/a> has staffed the National Weather Service’s Fremont-based \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/zoa\">Center Weather Service Unit Oakland\u003c/a> after a forecaster there retired. The unit already had two vacant positions when President Trump ordered a federal hiring freeze on Jan. 20, which have not been filled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This person’s doing the job by themselves, and our hands are kind of tied because of the hiring freeze,” said Dalton Behringer, the Bay Area office’s union steward for the National Weather Service Employees Organization. “There’s definitely a possibility of a degradation of service.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of people don’t even realize this job exists,” said Behringer, who is a meteorologist with the weather service’s Bay Area office but spoke to KQED after hours in his union capacity. “Ninety-five percent of the delays at San Francisco International Airport are actually due to the weather.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meteorologists located at the weather service offices in Seattle, Washington, and Palmdale, California, are helping, but those teams are also short-staffed, Behringer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s order included a non-specific exemption for public safety jobs, which the White House has said includes air traffic controllers. However, it is not clear if the meteorologists who support them are also exempt. Behringer said he is not sure if the administration will fill the vacancies and is unsure who could authorize a hire; typically, regional managers would do so, but it would require approval from the U.S. Department of Commerce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The meteorologist works with the air traffic controllers at a command center in Fremont. Their role is to provide real-time weather updates seven days a week, forecasting any turbulence from around 40,000 feet in the air down to the runway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12029178 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/NOAAGetty-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This includes issuing pre-shift briefings, weather advisories and coordinating with the weather service’s Aviation Weather Center. The work is similar to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s public-facing weather service located in Monterey. But the center’s forecasters are looking for threats to airplanes, thunderstorms, strong wind, volcanic ash and anything else that could affect flights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This information, compiled by looking at local weather observations and satellite imagery, is vital for safely landing the around 1.2 million passenger flights and 140,000 cargo flights that travel to the region each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The meteorologists from this office provide guidance to jets flying west from places like Nevada, north from Southern California, east as they approach from Asia and south as they draw near from Alaska, Behringer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Aspects of the job are quite hidden,” Behringer said. “If you’re on a flight and everything went smoothly, you can thank the air traffic controllers, but a meteorologist was feeding them the information, and in this case, the sole meteorologist there at the Oakland Center.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José Mineta International Airport officials said they “aren’t in a position to provide feedback” on the situation. San Francisco International Airport press officers did not respond to KQED’s interview request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials with the Oakland International Airport said in a statement that it “relies upon its partners for flight traffic direction and weather data” and referred KQED to the Federal Aviation Administration for further comment. The FAA directed questions to NOAA.[aside postID=forum_2010101909160 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/03/GettyImages-2203084546-noaa-1020x574.jpg']Scott Smullen, NOAA’s deputy director of communications, would not speculate if the hiring freeze could impact its service to the region. “Per long-standing practice, we are not discussing internal personnel and management matters,” Smullen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the agency remains dedicated to its mission of “providing timely information, research, and resources that serve the American public and ensure our nation’s environmental and economic resilience.” He added agency staff will “continue to provide weather information, forecasts and warnings pursuant to our public safety mission.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/aviation/cwsu\">21 of these weather service units nationwide\u003c/a> who work alongside air traffic controllers. NOAA and the FAA founded the program after a Southern Airways flight flew into a thunderstorm and crashed while en route to Atlanta in 1977. An investigation found that air traffic controllers needed timely weather information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Behringer said the safety of passengers is not in jeopardy, a single sick day could create problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The meteorologists are employees of the weather service, which pays for their time off. The FAA funds their salaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Safety and efficiency are really the top issues,” Behringer said. “If you have a weather surprise on your hands and suddenly you have to change the traffic pattern, then the controllers may have a little more urgency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Trump administration’s federal hiring freeze is squeezing the team of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12029178/trumps-mass-layoffs-noaa-cut-into-bay-area-weather-service\">meteorologists\u003c/a> who help air traffic controllers inform pilots about the weather minute-by-minute as they steer airplanes in and out of the Bay Area’s three major airports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For several weeks, a single \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12029178/trumps-mass-layoffs-noaa-cut-into-bay-area-weather-service\">meteorologist\u003c/a> has staffed the National Weather Service’s Fremont-based \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/zoa\">Center Weather Service Unit Oakland\u003c/a> after a forecaster there retired. The unit already had two vacant positions when President Trump ordered a federal hiring freeze on Jan. 20, which have not been filled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This person’s doing the job by themselves, and our hands are kind of tied because of the hiring freeze,” said Dalton Behringer, the Bay Area office’s union steward for the National Weather Service Employees Organization. “There’s definitely a possibility of a degradation of service.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of people don’t even realize this job exists,” said Behringer, who is a meteorologist with the weather service’s Bay Area office but spoke to KQED after hours in his union capacity. “Ninety-five percent of the delays at San Francisco International Airport are actually due to the weather.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meteorologists located at the weather service offices in Seattle, Washington, and Palmdale, California, are helping, but those teams are also short-staffed, Behringer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s order included a non-specific exemption for public safety jobs, which the White House has said includes air traffic controllers. However, it is not clear if the meteorologists who support them are also exempt. Behringer said he is not sure if the administration will fill the vacancies and is unsure who could authorize a hire; typically, regional managers would do so, but it would require approval from the U.S. Department of Commerce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The meteorologist works with the air traffic controllers at a command center in Fremont. Their role is to provide real-time weather updates seven days a week, forecasting any turbulence from around 40,000 feet in the air down to the runway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This includes issuing pre-shift briefings, weather advisories and coordinating with the weather service’s Aviation Weather Center. The work is similar to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s public-facing weather service located in Monterey. But the center’s forecasters are looking for threats to airplanes, thunderstorms, strong wind, volcanic ash and anything else that could affect flights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This information, compiled by looking at local weather observations and satellite imagery, is vital for safely landing the around 1.2 million passenger flights and 140,000 cargo flights that travel to the region each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The meteorologists from this office provide guidance to jets flying west from places like Nevada, north from Southern California, east as they approach from Asia and south as they draw near from Alaska, Behringer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Aspects of the job are quite hidden,” Behringer said. “If you’re on a flight and everything went smoothly, you can thank the air traffic controllers, but a meteorologist was feeding them the information, and in this case, the sole meteorologist there at the Oakland Center.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San José Mineta International Airport officials said they “aren’t in a position to provide feedback” on the situation. San Francisco International Airport press officers did not respond to KQED’s interview request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials with the Oakland International Airport said in a statement that it “relies upon its partners for flight traffic direction and weather data” and referred KQED to the Federal Aviation Administration for further comment. The FAA directed questions to NOAA.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Scott Smullen, NOAA’s deputy director of communications, would not speculate if the hiring freeze could impact its service to the region. “Per long-standing practice, we are not discussing internal personnel and management matters,” Smullen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the agency remains dedicated to its mission of “providing timely information, research, and resources that serve the American public and ensure our nation’s environmental and economic resilience.” He added agency staff will “continue to provide weather information, forecasts and warnings pursuant to our public safety mission.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/aviation/cwsu\">21 of these weather service units nationwide\u003c/a> who work alongside air traffic controllers. NOAA and the FAA founded the program after a Southern Airways flight flew into a thunderstorm and crashed while en route to Atlanta in 1977. An investigation found that air traffic controllers needed timely weather information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Behringer said the safety of passengers is not in jeopardy, a single sick day could create problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The meteorologists are employees of the weather service, which pays for their time off. The FAA funds their salaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Safety and efficiency are really the top issues,” Behringer said. “If you have a weather surprise on your hands and suddenly you have to change the traffic pattern, then the controllers may have a little more urgency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Trump administration has begun firing several hundred Federal Aviation Administration employees, upending staff on a busy air travel weekend and just weeks after a January fatal mid-air collision at Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Probationary workers were targeted in late night emails Friday notifying them they had been fired, David Spero, president of the Professional Aviation Safety Specialists union, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The impacted workers include personnel hired for FAA radar, landing and navigational aid maintenance, one air traffic controller told the Associated Press. The air traffic controller was not authorized to talk to the media and spoke on condition of anonymity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Air Traffic Controllers Association said in a brief statement Monday it was “analyzing the effect of the reported federal employee terminations on aviation safety, the national airspace system and our members.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spero said messages began arriving after 7 p.m. on Friday and continued late into the night. More might be notified over the long weekend or barred from entering FAA buildings on Tuesday, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The employees were fired “without cause nor based on performance or conduct,” Spero said, and the emails were “from an ‘exec order’ Microsoft email address” — not a government email address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The firings hit the FAA when it faces a shortfall in controllers. Federal officials \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/airlines-faa-close-calls-senate-hearing-7309801ccbf64bcecfb0cf58e3e58498\">have been raising concerns\u003c/a> about an overtaxed and understaffed air traffic control system for years, especially after a series of close calls between planes at U.S. airports. Among the reasons they have cited for staffing shortages are uncompetitive pay, long shifts, intensive training and mandatory retirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Jan. 29 fatal crash between a U.S. Army Black Hawk helicopter and American Airlines passenger jet, which is still under investigation, one controller was handing \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/black-hawk-crash-night-faa-helicopter-286319ac01bee91e4992c95e7946063e\">both commercial airline and helicopter traffic\u003c/a> at the busy airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='donald-trump']\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just days before the collision, President Donald Trump had already \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/coast-guard-homeland-security-priorities-committees-trump-tsa-d3e4398c8871ada8d0590859442e092c\">fired all the members\u003c/a> of the Aviation Security Advisory Committee, a panel mandated by Congress after the 1988 PanAm 103 bombing over Lockerbie, Scotland. The committee is charged with examining safety issues at airlines and airports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One FAA employee who was fired over the weekend suggested he was targeted for his views on Tesla and X, formerly Twitter, not as part of a general probationary-level sweep. Both are owned by Elon Musk, who is leading Trump’s effort to cut the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/charles-spitzer-stadtlander-jd-mpa-9b018b25/\">Charles Spitzer-Stadtlander\u003c/a> posted on LinkedIn that he was fired just after midnight Saturday, days after he started getting harassing messages on Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The official DOGE Facebook page started harassing me on my personal Facebook account after I criticized Tesla and Twitter,” Spitzer-Stadtlander wrote. “Less than a week later, I was fired, despite my position allegedly being exempted due to national security.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added: “When DOGE fired me, they turned off my computer and wiped all of my files without warning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spitzer-Stadtlander said he was supposed to be exempted from the probationary firings because the FAA office he worked in focused on national security threats such as attacks on the national airspace by drones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Musk-led Department of Government Efficiency did not immediately respond to a request for comment. The firings were first reported by CNN.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writer Ellen Knickmeyer contributed from Washington.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Trump administration has begun firing several hundred Federal Aviation Administration employees, upending staff on a busy air travel weekend and just weeks after a January fatal mid-air collision at Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Probationary workers were targeted in late night emails Friday notifying them they had been fired, David Spero, president of the Professional Aviation Safety Specialists union, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The impacted workers include personnel hired for FAA radar, landing and navigational aid maintenance, one air traffic controller told the Associated Press. The air traffic controller was not authorized to talk to the media and spoke on condition of anonymity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Air Traffic Controllers Association said in a brief statement Monday it was “analyzing the effect of the reported federal employee terminations on aviation safety, the national airspace system and our members.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spero said messages began arriving after 7 p.m. on Friday and continued late into the night. More might be notified over the long weekend or barred from entering FAA buildings on Tuesday, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The employees were fired “without cause nor based on performance or conduct,” Spero said, and the emails were “from an ‘exec order’ Microsoft email address” — not a government email address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The firings hit the FAA when it faces a shortfall in controllers. Federal officials \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/airlines-faa-close-calls-senate-hearing-7309801ccbf64bcecfb0cf58e3e58498\">have been raising concerns\u003c/a> about an overtaxed and understaffed air traffic control system for years, especially after a series of close calls between planes at U.S. airports. Among the reasons they have cited for staffing shortages are uncompetitive pay, long shifts, intensive training and mandatory retirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Jan. 29 fatal crash between a U.S. Army Black Hawk helicopter and American Airlines passenger jet, which is still under investigation, one controller was handing \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/black-hawk-crash-night-faa-helicopter-286319ac01bee91e4992c95e7946063e\">both commercial airline and helicopter traffic\u003c/a> at the busy airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just days before the collision, President Donald Trump had already \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/coast-guard-homeland-security-priorities-committees-trump-tsa-d3e4398c8871ada8d0590859442e092c\">fired all the members\u003c/a> of the Aviation Security Advisory Committee, a panel mandated by Congress after the 1988 PanAm 103 bombing over Lockerbie, Scotland. The committee is charged with examining safety issues at airlines and airports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One FAA employee who was fired over the weekend suggested he was targeted for his views on Tesla and X, formerly Twitter, not as part of a general probationary-level sweep. Both are owned by Elon Musk, who is leading Trump’s effort to cut the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/charles-spitzer-stadtlander-jd-mpa-9b018b25/\">Charles Spitzer-Stadtlander\u003c/a> posted on LinkedIn that he was fired just after midnight Saturday, days after he started getting harassing messages on Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The official DOGE Facebook page started harassing me on my personal Facebook account after I criticized Tesla and Twitter,” Spitzer-Stadtlander wrote. “Less than a week later, I was fired, despite my position allegedly being exempted due to national security.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added: “When DOGE fired me, they turned off my computer and wiped all of my files without warning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spitzer-Stadtlander said he was supposed to be exempted from the probationary firings because the FAA office he worked in focused on national security threats such as attacks on the national airspace by drones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Musk-led Department of Government Efficiency did not immediately respond to a request for comment. The firings were first reported by CNN.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writer Ellen Knickmeyer contributed from Washington.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When he was still a boy making long, tedious trips between his school and his woodsy home in the mountains during the 1980s, JoeBen Bevirt began fantasizing about flying cars that could whisk him to his destination in a matter of minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As CEO of Joby Aviation, Bevirt is getting closer to turning his boyhood flights of fancy into a dream come true as he and latter-day versions of the Wright Brothers launch a new class of electric-powered aircraft vying to become taxis in the sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The aircraft — known as “electric vertical take-off and landing vehicle,” or eVTOL — lift off the ground like a helicopter before flying at speeds up to 200 miles per hour with a range of about 100 miles. And these craft do it without filling the air with excessive noise caused by fuel-powered helicopters and small airplanes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are just a few steps from the finish line. We want to turn what are now one- and two-hour trips into five-minute trips,” Bevirt, 51, told The Associated Press before a Joby air taxi took off on a test flight in Marina, California — located about 40 miles south from where he grew up in the mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Archer Aviation, a Silicon Valley company backed by automaker Stellantis and United Airlines, has been testing its own eVTOLs over farmland in Salinas, California, where a prototype called “Midnight” could be seen gliding above a tractor plowing fields last November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tests are part of the journey that Joby Aviation and other ambitious companies that collectively have raised billions of dollars are taking to turn flying cars into more than just pie-in-the-sky concepts popularized in 1960s-era cartoon series, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tTq6Tofmo7E\">\u003cem>The Jetsons\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, and the 1982 science fiction film, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ePbK0tiVWKY&t=23s\">\u003cem>Blade Runner\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Archer Aviation and nearby Wisk Aero, with ties to aerospace giant Boeing Co. and Google cofounder Larry Page, are also at the forefront in the race to bring air taxis to market in the United States. Joby has already formed a partnership to connect its air taxis with Delta Air Lines passengers while Archer Aviation has lined up a deal to sell up to 200 of its aircraft to United Airlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flying taxis have made enough regulatory inroads with the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration to result in the recent creation of a new aircraft category called \u003ca href=\"https://www.faa.gov/newsroom/new-rule-faa-ready-air-travel-future\">“powered lift,”\u003c/a> a step that the agency hadn’t taken since helicopters were introduced for civilian use in the 1940s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are more regulatory hurdles to be cleared before air taxis will be allowed to carry passengers in the U.S., making Dubai the most likely place where eVTOLs will take commercial flight — perhaps by the end of this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a tricky business to develop a whole new class of vehicles,” said Adam Lim, director of Alton Aviation Consultancy, a firm tracking the industry’s evolution. “It is going to be like a crawl, walk, run situation. Right now, I think we are still crawling. We are not going to have the Jetsons-type reality where everyone will be flying around everywhere in the next two to three years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China is also vying to make flying cars a reality, a quest that has \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/BehizyTweets/status/1856058590060245417\">piqued President-elect Donald Trump’s interest\u003c/a> in making the vehicles a priority for his incoming administration during the next four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the ambitions of eVTOL pioneers are realized in the U.S., people will be able to hop in an air taxi to get to and from airports serving New York and Los Angeles within the next few years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because its electric taxis can fly unimpeded at high speeds, Joby envisions transporting up to four Delta Air Lines passengers at a time from New York area airports to Manhattan in about 10 minutes or less. To start, air taxi prices almost certainly will be significantly more that the cost of taking a cab or Uber ride from JFK airport to Manhattan, but the difference could narrow over time because eVTOLs should be able to transport a higher volume of passengers than ground vehicles stuck in traffic going each way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You will see highways in the sky,” Archer Aviation CEO Adam Goldstein predicted during an interview at the company’s San José, California, headquarters. “There will be hundreds, maybe thousands of these aircraft flying in these individual cities and it will truly change the way cities are being built.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investors are betting Goldstein is right, helping Archer raise an additional $430 million late last year from a group that included Stellantis and United Airlines. The infusion came shortly after a Japanese automaker poured another $500 million into Joby to bring its total investment in that company to nearly $900 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those investments were part of the $13 billion that eVTOL companies have raised during the past five years, according to Alton Aviation.[aside label='Transportation News' tag='transportation']Both Joby Aviation and Archer Aviation went public in 2021 through reverse mergers, opening up another fundraising avenue and making it easier to recruit engineers with the allure of stock options. Both companies have been able to attract workers away from electric automaker Tesla and rocket maker SpaceX and, in Archer’s instance, raiding the ranks of Wisk Aero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Wisk defections triggered a lawsuit accusing Archer of intellectual property theft in a dispute that was resolved with \u003ca href=\"https://wisk.aero/news/press-release/wisk-aero-archer-and-boeing-reach-agreement-to-settle-litigation-and-enter-into-autonomous-flight-collaboration-boeing-invests-in-archers-latest-funding-round/\">a 2023 settlement\u003c/a> that included an agreement for the two sides to collaborate on some facets of eVTOL technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before going public, Joby also acquired eVTOL technology developed by ride-hailing service Uber in an $83 million deal that also brought those two companies together as partners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But none of the deals or technological advances have stopped the losses from piling up at the companies building flying cars. Joby, whose roots date back to 2009 when Bevirt founded the company, has sustained $1.6 billion in losses since its inception while Archer has amassed nearly $1.5 billion in losses since its founding in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While they moved to commercial air taxi services, both Joby and Archer are trying to bring in revenue by negotiating contracts to use their eVTOLs in the U.S. military for deliveries and other other short-range missions. Archer has forged a partnership with Anduril Industries, a military defense technology specialist founded by Oculus headset inventor Palmer Luckey, to help it win deals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The uncertain prospects have left both companies with relatively low market values by tech industry standards, with Joby’s hovering around $7 billion and Archer’s $6 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bevirt sees blue skies ahead. “eVTOLs are going to transform the way we move,” he said. “It’s a dramatically better way to get around. Seeing the world from the air is better than being stuck in the traffic on the interstate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When he was still a boy making long, tedious trips between his school and his woodsy home in the mountains during the 1980s, JoeBen Bevirt began fantasizing about flying cars that could whisk him to his destination in a matter of minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As CEO of Joby Aviation, Bevirt is getting closer to turning his boyhood flights of fancy into a dream come true as he and latter-day versions of the Wright Brothers launch a new class of electric-powered aircraft vying to become taxis in the sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The aircraft — known as “electric vertical take-off and landing vehicle,” or eVTOL — lift off the ground like a helicopter before flying at speeds up to 200 miles per hour with a range of about 100 miles. And these craft do it without filling the air with excessive noise caused by fuel-powered helicopters and small airplanes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are just a few steps from the finish line. We want to turn what are now one- and two-hour trips into five-minute trips,” Bevirt, 51, told The Associated Press before a Joby air taxi took off on a test flight in Marina, California — located about 40 miles south from where he grew up in the mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Archer Aviation, a Silicon Valley company backed by automaker Stellantis and United Airlines, has been testing its own eVTOLs over farmland in Salinas, California, where a prototype called “Midnight” could be seen gliding above a tractor plowing fields last November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tests are part of the journey that Joby Aviation and other ambitious companies that collectively have raised billions of dollars are taking to turn flying cars into more than just pie-in-the-sky concepts popularized in 1960s-era cartoon series, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tTq6Tofmo7E\">\u003cem>The Jetsons\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, and the 1982 science fiction film, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ePbK0tiVWKY&t=23s\">\u003cem>Blade Runner\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Archer Aviation and nearby Wisk Aero, with ties to aerospace giant Boeing Co. and Google cofounder Larry Page, are also at the forefront in the race to bring air taxis to market in the United States. Joby has already formed a partnership to connect its air taxis with Delta Air Lines passengers while Archer Aviation has lined up a deal to sell up to 200 of its aircraft to United Airlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flying taxis have made enough regulatory inroads with the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration to result in the recent creation of a new aircraft category called \u003ca href=\"https://www.faa.gov/newsroom/new-rule-faa-ready-air-travel-future\">“powered lift,”\u003c/a> a step that the agency hadn’t taken since helicopters were introduced for civilian use in the 1940s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are more regulatory hurdles to be cleared before air taxis will be allowed to carry passengers in the U.S., making Dubai the most likely place where eVTOLs will take commercial flight — perhaps by the end of this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a tricky business to develop a whole new class of vehicles,” said Adam Lim, director of Alton Aviation Consultancy, a firm tracking the industry’s evolution. “It is going to be like a crawl, walk, run situation. Right now, I think we are still crawling. We are not going to have the Jetsons-type reality where everyone will be flying around everywhere in the next two to three years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China is also vying to make flying cars a reality, a quest that has \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/BehizyTweets/status/1856058590060245417\">piqued President-elect Donald Trump’s interest\u003c/a> in making the vehicles a priority for his incoming administration during the next four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the ambitions of eVTOL pioneers are realized in the U.S., people will be able to hop in an air taxi to get to and from airports serving New York and Los Angeles within the next few years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because its electric taxis can fly unimpeded at high speeds, Joby envisions transporting up to four Delta Air Lines passengers at a time from New York area airports to Manhattan in about 10 minutes or less. To start, air taxi prices almost certainly will be significantly more that the cost of taking a cab or Uber ride from JFK airport to Manhattan, but the difference could narrow over time because eVTOLs should be able to transport a higher volume of passengers than ground vehicles stuck in traffic going each way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You will see highways in the sky,” Archer Aviation CEO Adam Goldstein predicted during an interview at the company’s San José, California, headquarters. “There will be hundreds, maybe thousands of these aircraft flying in these individual cities and it will truly change the way cities are being built.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investors are betting Goldstein is right, helping Archer raise an additional $430 million late last year from a group that included Stellantis and United Airlines. The infusion came shortly after a Japanese automaker poured another $500 million into Joby to bring its total investment in that company to nearly $900 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those investments were part of the $13 billion that eVTOL companies have raised during the past five years, according to Alton Aviation.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Both Joby Aviation and Archer Aviation went public in 2021 through reverse mergers, opening up another fundraising avenue and making it easier to recruit engineers with the allure of stock options. Both companies have been able to attract workers away from electric automaker Tesla and rocket maker SpaceX and, in Archer’s instance, raiding the ranks of Wisk Aero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Wisk defections triggered a lawsuit accusing Archer of intellectual property theft in a dispute that was resolved with \u003ca href=\"https://wisk.aero/news/press-release/wisk-aero-archer-and-boeing-reach-agreement-to-settle-litigation-and-enter-into-autonomous-flight-collaboration-boeing-invests-in-archers-latest-funding-round/\">a 2023 settlement\u003c/a> that included an agreement for the two sides to collaborate on some facets of eVTOL technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before going public, Joby also acquired eVTOL technology developed by ride-hailing service Uber in an $83 million deal that also brought those two companies together as partners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But none of the deals or technological advances have stopped the losses from piling up at the companies building flying cars. Joby, whose roots date back to 2009 when Bevirt founded the company, has sustained $1.6 billion in losses since its inception while Archer has amassed nearly $1.5 billion in losses since its founding in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While they moved to commercial air taxi services, both Joby and Archer are trying to bring in revenue by negotiating contracts to use their eVTOLs in the U.S. military for deliveries and other other short-range missions. Archer has forged a partnership with Anduril Industries, a military defense technology specialist founded by Oculus headset inventor Palmer Luckey, to help it win deals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The uncertain prospects have left both companies with relatively low market values by tech industry standards, with Joby’s hovering around $7 billion and Archer’s $6 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bevirt sees blue skies ahead. “eVTOLs are going to transform the way we move,” he said. “It’s a dramatically better way to get around. Seeing the world from the air is better than being stuck in the traffic on the interstate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>On a recent morning at the Charles M. Schulz-Sonoma County Airport in Santa Rosa, some two dozen passengers filed out of the lone plane on a small airfield — a patch of land not larger than a mid-sized parking lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside the terminal, Snoopy and Charlie Brown statues beamed from their pedestals, the Peanuts-themed interior boasting a single baggage claim, two restrooms, some benches, and not much else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The airport is small indeed, averaging about 10 departures a day, with only eight operations specialists to ensure everything runs smoothly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, that staffing level is about to change following the Sonoma County Board of Supervisors’ unanimous vote on Tuesday to hire two additional operations specialists at the regional airport. The vote comes a day after \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/news/sonoma-county-airport-faa-emergency-investigation/\">the\u003cem> Press Democrat\u003c/em> reported\u003c/a> that the airport failed a surprise emergency safety test from the Federal Aviation Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the FAA’s surprise test in August, airport safety staff failed a three-minute emergency drill. Inspectors also noted that the equipment on the airport’s fire trucks was not adequate and that the facility’s emergency plan was outdated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FAA conducted the inspection after several whistleblowers reported that the airport — \u003ca href=\"https://sonomacountyairport.org/about-sts/passenger-numbers/\">which served some 641,000 passengers last year\u003c/a> — lacked adequate fire and rescue personnel to effectively respond to certain emergencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Tuesday’s meeting, supervisors referred to the understaffing as the tip of the iceberg, calling for better oversight and collaboration among the airport’s management and other agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"more from Sonoma County\" tag=\"sonoma-county\"]“What I’ve heard is a request, a strong request — and I agree — that we need more collaboration, more transparency, more oversight, and more partnership going forward,” Supervisor James Gore said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An operations specialist also told the board that the failed test was the fault of the airport’s management, not its employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Jordan Sr., the employee, claimed that a manager had forced one of his colleagues to abandon their post just minutes before the surprise test – and later lied about doing so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jordan also said that management has claimed they have since addressed and reinforced training procedures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a matter of fact, we have no training, procedures, standards, tactics or methodologies. We train ourselves,” he said. “It is a sad day when management blames its failures on its employees. After all, employees are simply a reflection of those that lead them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move to increase staffing and oversight comes as airport officials have already had to make multiple emergency repairs on the main runway this year and faced increasing pressure from employees and their union to boost emergency increase staffing levels, the Press Democrat reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the meeting, the board encouraged airport managers to “keep their eyes open” for cash-flow opportunities to compensate for the expenses associated with bringing on two more full-time operations specialists — a cost they estimated at around $300,000 annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three airport managers who presented to the board said that they were optimistic about boosting revenue, claiming that their terminal advertising program is expected to double over the next two years. They noted that several other airlines have expressed interest in renting space at the terminal, which now primarily hosts just three airlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Stout, one of the airport managers, said that the two new hires would only mark the beginning of the airport’s transformation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll be coming back in the first quarter next year with a larger staffing plan, looking at a five-year plan,” he told the board. “We do need additional staffing as the growth continues, both in the office and in the field.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On a recent morning at the Charles M. Schulz-Sonoma County Airport in Santa Rosa, some two dozen passengers filed out of the lone plane on a small airfield — a patch of land not larger than a mid-sized parking lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside the terminal, Snoopy and Charlie Brown statues beamed from their pedestals, the Peanuts-themed interior boasting a single baggage claim, two restrooms, some benches, and not much else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The airport is small indeed, averaging about 10 departures a day, with only eight operations specialists to ensure everything runs smoothly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, that staffing level is about to change following the Sonoma County Board of Supervisors’ unanimous vote on Tuesday to hire two additional operations specialists at the regional airport. The vote comes a day after \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/news/sonoma-county-airport-faa-emergency-investigation/\">the\u003cem> Press Democrat\u003c/em> reported\u003c/a> that the airport failed a surprise emergency safety test from the Federal Aviation Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the FAA’s surprise test in August, airport safety staff failed a three-minute emergency drill. Inspectors also noted that the equipment on the airport’s fire trucks was not adequate and that the facility’s emergency plan was outdated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“What I’ve heard is a request, a strong request — and I agree — that we need more collaboration, more transparency, more oversight, and more partnership going forward,” Supervisor James Gore said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An operations specialist also told the board that the failed test was the fault of the airport’s management, not its employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Jordan Sr., the employee, claimed that a manager had forced one of his colleagues to abandon their post just minutes before the surprise test – and later lied about doing so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jordan also said that management has claimed they have since addressed and reinforced training procedures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a matter of fact, we have no training, procedures, standards, tactics or methodologies. We train ourselves,” he said. “It is a sad day when management blames its failures on its employees. After all, employees are simply a reflection of those that lead them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move to increase staffing and oversight comes as airport officials have already had to make multiple emergency repairs on the main runway this year and faced increasing pressure from employees and their union to boost emergency increase staffing levels, the Press Democrat reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the meeting, the board encouraged airport managers to “keep their eyes open” for cash-flow opportunities to compensate for the expenses associated with bringing on two more full-time operations specialists — a cost they estimated at around $300,000 annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three airport managers who presented to the board said that they were optimistic about boosting revenue, claiming that their terminal advertising program is expected to double over the next two years. They noted that several other airlines have expressed interest in renting space at the terminal, which now primarily hosts just three airlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Stout, one of the airport managers, said that the two new hires would only mark the beginning of the airport’s transformation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll be coming back in the first quarter next year with a larger staffing plan, looking at a five-year plan,” he told the board. “We do need additional staffing as the growth continues, both in the office and in the field.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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