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"content": "\u003cp>You might be puzzled about a few of the 18 flags that fly at Civic Center Plaza in front of San Francisco City Hall. (Or you might have just learned there are 18 flags flying in front of City Hall and find that puzzling too.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, the Texas flag is the only other state flag besides California’s that flies there, leading some people to wonder: Why Texas?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We reached out to San Francisco Recreation and Parks Department to find out and they shared some interesting history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]In the 1960s, a man named Stanley Bergman approached the city with the idea to display flags that represented key moments in United States history. Bergman belonged to the Sertoma Club, a service organization that focuses on hearing health and hearing assistance, but also promotes democracy and community in their local chapters. At a time when patriotic fervor was high, Bergman and the Sertoma Club led a group of 19 organizations who went about deciding which flags should be included in this historical curation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some of the choices they made were controversial. In 1965, Bergman himself wrote, “The inclusion of those temporary banners proclaiming the Republic of Texas and the Republic of California, for instance, was questioned. Because both of those flags came into being as an integral part of our dynamic westward expansion, a significant part of our heritage, the Committee voted to retain them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the Texas flag flying outside of San Francisco City Hall actually represents the ten-year period when Texas was an independent republic, before it was added to the Union as the 28th state. They just happened to keep the same flag into statehood — the blue, white and red block pattern with a lone star. The republic flag and the state flag are indistinguishable. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Republic of California flag, on the other hand, looks a little different than today’s state flag — a smaller bear that quite honestly could be mistaken for a javelina. (We’re happy to see they upgraded to the grizzly we know today.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are some of the flags displayed in front of City Hall:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?attachment_id=11787671\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11787671\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Screen-Shot-2019-11-20-at-2.07.14-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1512\" height=\"698\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11787671\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Screen-Shot-2019-11-20-at-2.07.14-PM.png 1512w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Screen-Shot-2019-11-20-at-2.07.14-PM-160x74.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Screen-Shot-2019-11-20-at-2.07.14-PM-800x369.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Screen-Shot-2019-11-20-at-2.07.14-PM-1020x471.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Screen-Shot-2019-11-20-at-2.07.14-PM-1200x554.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1512px) 100vw, 1512px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do you know what they are? Find out if you’re right and read more about all 18 flags in \u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Civic-Center-Plaza-Flagpoles-Historical-Background.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">this info sheet from the Recreation and Parks Dept\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All the chosen historically significant flags were raised on Flag Day in 1964. These include the famous yellow snake above the words “Don’t Tread on Me” that became the Navy’s first official flag; Betsy Ross’ ring of the thirteen stars; and a pine tree with the words “An Appeal To Heaven” that flew on some of the war ships during the American Revolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But one original flag does not remain. A Confederate flag was removed after civil rights leaders protested, calling the flag “the badge of slavery,” according to a 1964 article from the San Francisco Chronicle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next time you’re walking through Civic Center Plaza, you can stop at each flag pole to read the plaque beneath it that explains the flag’s significance — and maybe explain to confused onlookers why the Texas flag is included.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>You might be puzzled about a few of the 18 flags that fly at Civic Center Plaza in front of San Francisco City Hall. (Or you might have just learned there are 18 flags flying in front of City Hall and find that puzzling too.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, the Texas flag is the only other state flag besides California’s that flies there, leading some people to wonder: Why Texas?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We reached out to San Francisco Recreation and Parks Department to find out and they shared some interesting history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>In the 1960s, a man named Stanley Bergman approached the city with the idea to display flags that represented key moments in United States history. Bergman belonged to the Sertoma Club, a service organization that focuses on hearing health and hearing assistance, but also promotes democracy and community in their local chapters. At a time when patriotic fervor was high, Bergman and the Sertoma Club led a group of 19 organizations who went about deciding which flags should be included in this historical curation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some of the choices they made were controversial. In 1965, Bergman himself wrote, “The inclusion of those temporary banners proclaiming the Republic of Texas and the Republic of California, for instance, was questioned. Because both of those flags came into being as an integral part of our dynamic westward expansion, a significant part of our heritage, the Committee voted to retain them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the Texas flag flying outside of San Francisco City Hall actually represents the ten-year period when Texas was an independent republic, before it was added to the Union as the 28th state. They just happened to keep the same flag into statehood — the blue, white and red block pattern with a lone star. The republic flag and the state flag are indistinguishable. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Republic of California flag, on the other hand, looks a little different than today’s state flag — a smaller bear that quite honestly could be mistaken for a javelina. (We’re happy to see they upgraded to the grizzly we know today.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are some of the flags displayed in front of City Hall:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?attachment_id=11787671\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11787671\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Screen-Shot-2019-11-20-at-2.07.14-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1512\" height=\"698\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11787671\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Screen-Shot-2019-11-20-at-2.07.14-PM.png 1512w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Screen-Shot-2019-11-20-at-2.07.14-PM-160x74.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Screen-Shot-2019-11-20-at-2.07.14-PM-800x369.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Screen-Shot-2019-11-20-at-2.07.14-PM-1020x471.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Screen-Shot-2019-11-20-at-2.07.14-PM-1200x554.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1512px) 100vw, 1512px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do you know what they are? Find out if you’re right and read more about all 18 flags in \u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Civic-Center-Plaza-Flagpoles-Historical-Background.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">this info sheet from the Recreation and Parks Dept\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All the chosen historically significant flags were raised on Flag Day in 1964. These include the famous yellow snake above the words “Don’t Tread on Me” that became the Navy’s first official flag; Betsy Ross’ ring of the thirteen stars; and a pine tree with the words “An Appeal To Heaven” that flew on some of the war ships during the American Revolution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But one original flag does not remain. A Confederate flag was removed after civil rights leaders protested, calling the flag “the badge of slavery,” according to a 1964 article from the San Francisco Chronicle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next time you’re walking through Civic Center Plaza, you can stop at each flag pole to read the plaque beneath it that explains the flag’s significance — and maybe explain to confused onlookers why the Texas flag is included.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This transcript is lightly edited for clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Olivia Allen-Price: Three years ago, during the first week of November in 2016, it was an extremely stressful time for most people in this country. The presidential candidates were making their final pitches to the American public. But in a conference room in the KQED offices in San Francisco, the Bay Curious team was largely focused on something else entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We were barreling toward the launch of this very podcast, trying to get all the last minute things just right. Was the logo ready? Was the website up? What’s our theme music?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then on Nov. 4, after a few technical glitches, Bay Curious was born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the news of the week, it ended up being a kind of odd time to launch a podcast like ours. But hey, we survived and here we are three years later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme Music Begins\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, we’re celebrating our anniversary by answering some questions you’ve sent in over the years about the show. Reporter Jessica Placzek and I will revisit some of our favorite episodes, answer your questions about how we make the show and share how things have changed since we started. I’m Olivia Allen-Price and this is Bay Curious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme Music Ends\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: All right, so Nov. 4 is the day we’re recording this, and that is our launch day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jessica Placzek: Here we are!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: So happy anniversary!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Happy anniversary!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Jessica Placzek and I are here to take your questions that you’ve sent in over the years. Let’s just dive into the first one, what do you say?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: OK.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Alright. So this is actually a question that I get all the time, probably the most common question people will ask, and that is: “What’s your favorite episode?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: That’s a really tough one because we’ve done so many shows at this point. But on the one I want to talk about today is all about Frisco, whether or not we can use that nickname, because it gets a lot of hate. And people are like, oh, that shows that you’re not from here if you use Frisco. That’s something I heard when I first arrived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And I thought that\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11339599/why-do-some-hate-the-nickname-frisco\"> this episode by Vinnie Tong\u003c/a> did a really good job of showing how that question is kind of a little bit classist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Let’s hear it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>VT: Pratt said, when you want to talk about language and word choice like nicknames, you’re virtually always talking about money and power.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Teresa Pratt: Institutions that have power, people that have power haven’t have an interest in maintaining that the way that they speak is the right.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Pretty much ever since we started using Frisco, people started hating it. And this goes back to Emperor Norton. And then you can also see it with Herb Caen and that famous cultural critic who even wrote an entire book called ‘Don’t Call It Frisco.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>VT: Herb Caen, the arbiter of taste, eventually flip flopped on Frisco a couple times in the 90’s. We’ve built our anti-Frisco bias on some shaky ground.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: I love this one, too. I think for the same reason, like, it really changed my thinking about that word and moved it from something that I, you know, was kind of conditioned never to say as soon as I got here. And now it’s something that, you know, if it slips out, it slips out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: So what’s your favorite, Olivia?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: My favorite? Well, I have two favorites, but the one that I want to talk about today is actually one that you reported. It was also an early episode. The question came from a 7-year-old, I believe. So the question was, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10900605/what-would-it-take-to-make-lake-merritt-swimmable\">what would it take to make Lake Merritt swimmable\u003c/a>? So let’s play the little piece of it that I was attracted to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>JP: So if we’re going to make Lake Merritt swimmable, it has to work for wildlife too. Enter Dr. Alex Horne, professor emeritus of ecological engineering at the University of California, Berkeley. I met Alex at Lake Merritt and he showed up with a guitar and sang me the third option.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>AH: I will build me a wetland, constructed on land. I’ll fill it with cat tails, bullrush all around, to take out the nitrate in drainage that’s found.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: I love that. I think we’ve had some amazing sources over the years. But as far as I know, that’s the only guy who brought a guitar to give us the answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: That was amazing. I remember recording that and I had to make sure to stifle my squeals for how excited I was that he sang me an answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Yeah, that was amazing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: So this next question comes from Brian Feetham who asked: Who wrote our theme song?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Our theme song was done by Pat Mesiti-Miller. He’s a sound designer and musician based in Oakland. And he works on two rather famous and beautiful podcasts, Snap Judgment and Ear Hustle. Both wonderful. I recommend them. And you can really kind of hear the sound and musical expertise in both of those podcasts. When we were first working with Pat, he gave us a couple different options. So I still have one of the original theme songs that we were considering, which I don’t think you’ve heard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: No, I don’t think I’ve ever heard that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Here we go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Music Plays\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Feels kind of like you’re in a jazz bar and it’s raining outside and you’re just a cool cat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Music out\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Yeah, it would have really changed I think the whole feeling of the show if that was our song. Totally different vibe. I love our theme music now. You know, we use it pretty much in every episode. And as it approaches, it kind of goes ssssBOOM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme Music Plays\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: That first beat. There’s just something in my gut that kind of says, yeah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Cool\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Feels good. So thanks, Pat, for the theme music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme Music Out\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: All right. Moving on. This is another question that I get a lot: How many questions do you have?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: A lot, you guys. We have a lot. So currently (I haven’t checked in the last 30 minutes) but we have over 4,086 questions. Which is a lot. And so we can’t answer them all, but we really appreciate that you’re asking. So don’t stop asking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: And I will also say that a lot of times we will answer a question months, even years, after you’ve asked it. So if you asked something and you think it was a good question, don’t give up hope. We might still reach out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: I think it was last week or the week before I reached out to someone who asked a question three years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Yeah, it happens, so don’t give up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Next up, we have Naveen Kassamali asking: How do we decide what questions we answer in each episode?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: I think that there’s really two main ways that we do it. First off, there’s a voting round that’s active all the time. You can go to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\">BayCurious.org\u003c/a> and see it. Every month we change it out. You can cast your vote and the one that wins is the one that we go ahead and start reporting on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: The second way is through an editor’s choice process. We’re constantly looking for questions that are unique, questions that are universally appealing, questions about diverse, different topics. So that covers science or politics or history. And of course, we’re looking for something that can fill, you know, eight to 10 minutes of a podcast episode. I think a lot of the reason we end up not doing a question that someone asks is because there’s just not enough there there to, like, really tell you about it for eight or 10 minutes. It’s not interesting enough for that long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Oftentimes we’ll be like, this is a really good question that our audience will care about. So why don’t we put it in our newsletter and you guys should subscribe to it. It’s at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/bay-curious-newsletter-sign-up?linkid=99999999999\">BayCurious.org/newsletter\u003c/a>. Check it out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Yeah. So let’s move on to our next question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Erika: My name is Erika and I live in Hayward. My question is, “What question hasn’t been asked yet that you are waiting for someone to ask?”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: A reporter came to us recently asking to do a story on the Port Chicago Disaster, which was in Contra Costa County. It was this explosion killing hundreds of sailors in 1944. Most of them African-American. And that explosion really highlighted some inequity in the Navy. And some say that led to change and integration of the Navy. So I think that’s really fascinating. What about you, Olivia?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: I’ve been really interested recently in the Panama Canal. I’ve gone deep on some documentaries. So I’m really fascinated in sort of how the Panama Canal impacted California, how the presence of California helped to bring about the Panama Canal. And just like all the different ways that this very vital stretch of waterway has completely shaped shipping in the modern day. So, yeah, I’d love to do one on the Panama Canal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: So let’s move on to one of our last questions. And this is actually one that I am asking because I’m curious what you’re going to say, Jessica. How do you think that the show has changed since we started three years ago?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: So in digging back in the archives, the most obvious one is that we used to use a lot more music. It seemed almost like we were afraid to just have plain talking. So that’s a big change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: I think for me one of the biggest changes has been how I think about the show. So it used to kind of just be like, oh, we’re here to answer people’s questions. But now more and more, as we’re, you know, putting together events, building a newsletter, trying to interact more on social media, we’re really trying to think about how we can help people to, like, better connect to this place that we are all living in and sharing and connect more to each other. So, yeah, I think that’s for me, like kind of the biggest change,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: That’s really sweet one. I like that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: That’s all we’ve got time for today. But if you have other questions about the show, you can ask us anytime. I’m on Twitter, I’m \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/oallenprice\">@oallenprice.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: And I’m on Twitter \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Jessicazyp\">@jessicazyp\u003c/a>, although I don’t really check it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: But you will this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: But I will this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Also, you can come celebrate with us. We’re having an anniversary happy hour on Nov. 14 from 6 to 8 p.m. It’s at Babe’s Monte Carlo in San Francisco. It’s a new bar and it has this pretty cool feature. One of the walls is the original Yerba Buena seawall. So that’ll be really cool to see. We’ll be standing right next to history as we raise our glass in cheers. It is a free event and you can register \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/events\">Baycurious.org/events\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Come out!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Lastly, let’s roll some credits. There are a lot of people who have had their hands on a show over the years and they don’t always get announced at the end of our show, including Vinnee Tong, Ryan Levi, Suzie Racho, Julie Caine, Erika Kelly, Paul Lancour, Kelly O’Mara, Carly Severn…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Katie McMurran, Rob Speight, Pat Yollin, Maggie Galloway, Holly Kernan, Ethan Lindsay, Julia McEvoy… and oh hey, us, Jessica Placzek..\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: and Olivia Allen-Price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Well, that’s all we got for today. Should we play some of that theme music?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Boop, boop,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP/OAP: boop boop boop boop boop boop boop boop boop boop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: I don’t know if you guys can hear, but I have no tonal sense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme Plays\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP/OAP: Bay Curious made in San Francisco at KQED\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme Out\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Bye\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This transcript is lightly edited for clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Olivia Allen-Price: Three years ago, during the first week of November in 2016, it was an extremely stressful time for most people in this country. The presidential candidates were making their final pitches to the American public. But in a conference room in the KQED offices in San Francisco, the Bay Curious team was largely focused on something else entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We were barreling toward the launch of this very podcast, trying to get all the last minute things just right. Was the logo ready? Was the website up? What’s our theme music?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then on Nov. 4, after a few technical glitches, Bay Curious was born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the news of the week, it ended up being a kind of odd time to launch a podcast like ours. But hey, we survived and here we are three years later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme Music Begins\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, we’re celebrating our anniversary by answering some questions you’ve sent in over the years about the show. Reporter Jessica Placzek and I will revisit some of our favorite episodes, answer your questions about how we make the show and share how things have changed since we started. I’m Olivia Allen-Price and this is Bay Curious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme Music Ends\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: All right, so Nov. 4 is the day we’re recording this, and that is our launch day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jessica Placzek: Here we are!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: So happy anniversary!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Happy anniversary!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Jessica Placzek and I are here to take your questions that you’ve sent in over the years. Let’s just dive into the first one, what do you say?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: OK.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Alright. So this is actually a question that I get all the time, probably the most common question people will ask, and that is: “What’s your favorite episode?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: That’s a really tough one because we’ve done so many shows at this point. But on the one I want to talk about today is all about Frisco, whether or not we can use that nickname, because it gets a lot of hate. And people are like, oh, that shows that you’re not from here if you use Frisco. That’s something I heard when I first arrived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And I thought that\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11339599/why-do-some-hate-the-nickname-frisco\"> this episode by Vinnie Tong\u003c/a> did a really good job of showing how that question is kind of a little bit classist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Let’s hear it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>VT: Pratt said, when you want to talk about language and word choice like nicknames, you’re virtually always talking about money and power.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Teresa Pratt: Institutions that have power, people that have power haven’t have an interest in maintaining that the way that they speak is the right.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Pretty much ever since we started using Frisco, people started hating it. And this goes back to Emperor Norton. And then you can also see it with Herb Caen and that famous cultural critic who even wrote an entire book called ‘Don’t Call It Frisco.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>VT: Herb Caen, the arbiter of taste, eventually flip flopped on Frisco a couple times in the 90’s. We’ve built our anti-Frisco bias on some shaky ground.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: I love this one, too. I think for the same reason, like, it really changed my thinking about that word and moved it from something that I, you know, was kind of conditioned never to say as soon as I got here. And now it’s something that, you know, if it slips out, it slips out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: So what’s your favorite, Olivia?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: My favorite? Well, I have two favorites, but the one that I want to talk about today is actually one that you reported. It was also an early episode. The question came from a 7-year-old, I believe. So the question was, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10900605/what-would-it-take-to-make-lake-merritt-swimmable\">what would it take to make Lake Merritt swimmable\u003c/a>? So let’s play the little piece of it that I was attracted to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>JP: So if we’re going to make Lake Merritt swimmable, it has to work for wildlife too. Enter Dr. Alex Horne, professor emeritus of ecological engineering at the University of California, Berkeley. I met Alex at Lake Merritt and he showed up with a guitar and sang me the third option.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>AH: I will build me a wetland, constructed on land. I’ll fill it with cat tails, bullrush all around, to take out the nitrate in drainage that’s found.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: I love that. I think we’ve had some amazing sources over the years. But as far as I know, that’s the only guy who brought a guitar to give us the answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: That was amazing. I remember recording that and I had to make sure to stifle my squeals for how excited I was that he sang me an answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Yeah, that was amazing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: So this next question comes from Brian Feetham who asked: Who wrote our theme song?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Our theme song was done by Pat Mesiti-Miller. He’s a sound designer and musician based in Oakland. And he works on two rather famous and beautiful podcasts, Snap Judgment and Ear Hustle. Both wonderful. I recommend them. And you can really kind of hear the sound and musical expertise in both of those podcasts. When we were first working with Pat, he gave us a couple different options. So I still have one of the original theme songs that we were considering, which I don’t think you’ve heard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: No, I don’t think I’ve ever heard that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Here we go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Music Plays\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Feels kind of like you’re in a jazz bar and it’s raining outside and you’re just a cool cat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Music out\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Yeah, it would have really changed I think the whole feeling of the show if that was our song. Totally different vibe. I love our theme music now. You know, we use it pretty much in every episode. And as it approaches, it kind of goes ssssBOOM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme Music Plays\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: That first beat. There’s just something in my gut that kind of says, yeah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Cool\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Feels good. So thanks, Pat, for the theme music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme Music Out\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: All right. Moving on. This is another question that I get a lot: How many questions do you have?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: A lot, you guys. We have a lot. So currently (I haven’t checked in the last 30 minutes) but we have over 4,086 questions. Which is a lot. And so we can’t answer them all, but we really appreciate that you’re asking. So don’t stop asking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: And I will also say that a lot of times we will answer a question months, even years, after you’ve asked it. So if you asked something and you think it was a good question, don’t give up hope. We might still reach out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: I think it was last week or the week before I reached out to someone who asked a question three years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Yeah, it happens, so don’t give up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Next up, we have Naveen Kassamali asking: How do we decide what questions we answer in each episode?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: I think that there’s really two main ways that we do it. First off, there’s a voting round that’s active all the time. You can go to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\">BayCurious.org\u003c/a> and see it. Every month we change it out. You can cast your vote and the one that wins is the one that we go ahead and start reporting on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: The second way is through an editor’s choice process. We’re constantly looking for questions that are unique, questions that are universally appealing, questions about diverse, different topics. So that covers science or politics or history. And of course, we’re looking for something that can fill, you know, eight to 10 minutes of a podcast episode. I think a lot of the reason we end up not doing a question that someone asks is because there’s just not enough there there to, like, really tell you about it for eight or 10 minutes. It’s not interesting enough for that long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Oftentimes we’ll be like, this is a really good question that our audience will care about. So why don’t we put it in our newsletter and you guys should subscribe to it. It’s at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/bay-curious-newsletter-sign-up?linkid=99999999999\">BayCurious.org/newsletter\u003c/a>. Check it out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Yeah. So let’s move on to our next question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Erika: My name is Erika and I live in Hayward. My question is, “What question hasn’t been asked yet that you are waiting for someone to ask?”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: A reporter came to us recently asking to do a story on the Port Chicago Disaster, which was in Contra Costa County. It was this explosion killing hundreds of sailors in 1944. Most of them African-American. And that explosion really highlighted some inequity in the Navy. And some say that led to change and integration of the Navy. So I think that’s really fascinating. What about you, Olivia?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: I’ve been really interested recently in the Panama Canal. I’ve gone deep on some documentaries. So I’m really fascinated in sort of how the Panama Canal impacted California, how the presence of California helped to bring about the Panama Canal. And just like all the different ways that this very vital stretch of waterway has completely shaped shipping in the modern day. So, yeah, I’d love to do one on the Panama Canal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: So let’s move on to one of our last questions. And this is actually one that I am asking because I’m curious what you’re going to say, Jessica. How do you think that the show has changed since we started three years ago?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: So in digging back in the archives, the most obvious one is that we used to use a lot more music. It seemed almost like we were afraid to just have plain talking. So that’s a big change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: I think for me one of the biggest changes has been how I think about the show. So it used to kind of just be like, oh, we’re here to answer people’s questions. But now more and more, as we’re, you know, putting together events, building a newsletter, trying to interact more on social media, we’re really trying to think about how we can help people to, like, better connect to this place that we are all living in and sharing and connect more to each other. So, yeah, I think that’s for me, like kind of the biggest change,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: That’s really sweet one. I like that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: That’s all we’ve got time for today. But if you have other questions about the show, you can ask us anytime. I’m on Twitter, I’m \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/oallenprice\">@oallenprice.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: And I’m on Twitter \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Jessicazyp\">@jessicazyp\u003c/a>, although I don’t really check it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: But you will this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: But I will this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Also, you can come celebrate with us. We’re having an anniversary happy hour on Nov. 14 from 6 to 8 p.m. It’s at Babe’s Monte Carlo in San Francisco. It’s a new bar and it has this pretty cool feature. One of the walls is the original Yerba Buena seawall. So that’ll be really cool to see. We’ll be standing right next to history as we raise our glass in cheers. It is a free event and you can register \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/events\">Baycurious.org/events\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Come out!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Lastly, let’s roll some credits. There are a lot of people who have had their hands on a show over the years and they don’t always get announced at the end of our show, including Vinnee Tong, Ryan Levi, Suzie Racho, Julie Caine, Erika Kelly, Paul Lancour, Kelly O’Mara, Carly Severn…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Katie McMurran, Rob Speight, Pat Yollin, Maggie Galloway, Holly Kernan, Ethan Lindsay, Julia McEvoy… and oh hey, us, Jessica Placzek..\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: and Olivia Allen-Price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OAP: Well, that’s all we got for today. Should we play some of that theme music?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Boop, boop,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP/OAP: boop boop boop boop boop boop boop boop boop boop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: I don’t know if you guys can hear, but I have no tonal sense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme Plays\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP/OAP: Bay Curious made in San Francisco at KQED\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme Out\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JP: Bye\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "why-cant-you-swim-in-most-of-the-bay-area-lakes",
"title": "Why Can't You Swim in Most of the Bay Area Lakes?",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Bay Area is defined by water. Not just by the bay itself, but by the Pacific Ocean and myriad rivers, reservoirs, lakes and ponds. Yet most of the bodies of water you drive past are devoid of people. No swimming. No splashing around. Not even on the hottest days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why is that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To answer this question, we had to drive out to one of the few places you’re allowed to swim: Lake Del Valle near Livermore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#whereswim\">Places you \u003cem>can\u003c/em> swim around the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Lake Del Valle is the \u003cem>only\u003c/em> reservoir used for drinking water that you can also swim at in the whole Bay Area. And that basically answers the question: You can’t swim in most lakes around the Bay Area, because most lakes around here are really reservoirs used for drinking water supplies, and \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=HSC&division=104.&title=&part=10.&chapter=5.&article=1.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California law\u003c/a> bans “body contact” in drinking water reservoirs:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Except as provided in this article, recreational uses shall not, with respect to a reservoir in which water is stored for domestic use, include recreation in which there is bodily contact with the water by any participant.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>That means hiking and boating are fine, because body contact is minimal, but no swimming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A r\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\">eservoir is a natural or artificial lake that stores water for flood control, agriculture or drinking water. The drinking water reservoirs are\u003c/span> what we’re primarily concerned about here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back when California was building \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/Programs/State-Water-Project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the State Water Project \u003c/a>— the massive series of dams and reservoirs that bring water from Northern to Southern California — it commissioned a study to find out how clean all those reservoirs were. That study found non-body contact (such as hiking and boating) didn’t significantly impact the water quality, but swimming could lead to fecal coliform and other bacteria (i.e., from poop and pee).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based in part on that report, the state developed a set of guidelines in the 1970s for our drinking water reservoirs. And swimming has been banned ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It should be noted, however, that it appears a number of water districts remained somewhat unaware of the regulations until the state started to crack down much later. For example, swimming was allowed in some Santa Clara County reservoirs through 1990—until the department of health let the water district know swimming was banned in drinking water storage facilities. (The county later did \u003ca href=\"https://www.sccgov.org/sites/parks/PlansProjects/Documents/final-countywide-swim-feasibility-study-reduced.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a feasibility study\u003c/a> to see if a swimming spot could be built because of public demand. But nothing came of it.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align='right' citation='Kurt Souza, assistant deputy director for the Division of Drinking Water']‘I’m not sure if you’d make the same law today.’[/pullquote]Kurt Souza, assistant deputy director for the Division of Drinking Water, said back when the regulations were written, water wasn’t filtered first. It was just pulled out of the reservoir, treated with chlorine or other chemicals, and then sent down our taps. So there was a need for it to be very clean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Filtration requirements started around 1990, and these days water treatment is a lot better. There are a lot more options for first filtering the water and then treating it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means, if we were writing the law today, we probably wouldn’t need to ban swimming everywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not sure if you’d make the same law today,” said Souza. “You’d probably make it the other way, where you would require a certain amount of treatment for a certain type of recreation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11782228\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2048px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/10/24/why-cant-you-swim-in-most-of-the-bay-area-lakes/img_3561/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11782228\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11782228\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1536\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bay Curious team on the case at Lake Del Valle. \u003ccite>(Olivia Allen-Price/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>OK, so we want our water to be clean, but what about the birds and the animals? They get the water dirty, too.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, birds pooping in the water is bad, but it’s just not as bad. Although there are some reservoirs where animal fecal matter does become an issue, largely human pathogens are what get humans sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>But you’re allowed to swim in drinking water reservoirs in other states and countries. Why not here?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yeah, sorry, California has different rules developed in a different time. California is also a drought state, so those reservoirs can get really small and the water can sit around for a lot longer. That’s partially why you’ll see more places on the East Coast that allow swimming. Because it rains more there, the water turns over fast. That’s also why we have different rules here for rivers and moving bodies of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>OK, so why can you swim in Lake Del Valle? And how can I get swimming allowed at *my* lake?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the law was written, there were specific exceptions listed — all of which come with requirements for additional treatment and testing. For example, all of San Diego County got an exemption for their reservoirs a long time ago. And all State Water Project reservoirs were exempted as part of the arrangement to get voters to approve funding for the project. Lake Del Valle is part of the State Water Project. There are no other exemptions in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, if you want a new exemption to allow swimming at a reservoir near you, then you have to get a law passed by the state Legislature. The last time one of those got signed into law was in 2013 for Bear Lake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11781732\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 802px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/10/24/why-cant-you-swim-in-most-of-the-bay-area-lakes/contra-loma-3-800w/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11781732\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11781732\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/contra-loma-3-800w.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"802\" height=\"602\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/contra-loma-3-800w.jpg 802w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/contra-loma-3-800w-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/contra-loma-3-800w-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/contra-loma-3-800w-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/contra-loma-3-800w-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 802px) 100vw, 802px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The swimming lagoon at Contra Loma is filtered, chlorinated and separated from the reservoir behind it. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of East Bay Regional Parks)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca id=\"whereswim\">\u003c/a>Where \u003cem>can\u003c/em> you swim around the Bay Area?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There are some amazing swimming locales farther afield — in the foothills or down toward Big Sur — but if you want to keep it closer to home, here are a bunch of Bay Area swimming spots where jumping in the water \u003cem>is\u003c/em> allowed:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The beach!\u003c/strong> Aquatic Park in San Francisco is a very popular swimming destination for hard-core swimmers. For a more casual experience, head to China Beach in the city, McNears Beach at \u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=466\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">China Camp State Park\u003c/a> in San Rafael, Oyster Cove Beach at \u003ca href=\"https://www.smharbor.com/oyster-point-marina-park-650-952-0808\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Oyster Point Park\u003c/a> in South San Francisco,\u003ca href=\"https://parks.smcgov.org/coyote-point-recreation-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Coyote Point\u003c/a> in San Mateo or \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/crown_beach/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Crown Memorial Beach\u003c/a> in Alameda. There are also a number of more secluded beaches off \u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=470\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tomales Bay\u003c/a>, like Heart’s Desire.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>East Bay\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/shadow_cliffs/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Shadow Cliffs\u003c/a> (Pleasanton):\u003c/strong> Formerly a gravel quarry, this lake in Pleasanton is operated by the East Bay Regional Park District. Lifeguards are on duty at the swimming beach in the summer, but swimming is allowed year-round at your own risk.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/don_castro/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Don Castro\u003c/a> (Hayward):\u003c/strong> No swimming or boating is allowed on the reservoir lake, but the chlorinated and filtered lagoon located next to it allows swimming. Swimming is allowed there only in the summer.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/contra_loma/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Contra Loma\u003c/a> (Antioch):\u003c/strong> Fun fact: Contra Loma was actually the site of a dispute over whether people should be allowed to swim in water used for drinking supplies. State regulators said no, and the result is a swimming lagoon built (and chlorinated) separated from the reservoir. Open from the spring through fall, the lagoon does reach capacity.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/cull_canyon/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cull Canyon\u003c/a> (Castro Valley):\u003c/strong> A secondary dam was built to create this swimming lagoon with a sandy beach separate from the reservoir, but still surrounded by open space. Swimming is allowed only when lifeguards are on duty in the summer and does reach capacity.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/quarry_lakes/\">Quarry Lakes\u003c/a> (Hayward): \u003c/strong>There is a swimming complex with a white sand beach, restrooms and lifeguards at this recreation area run by the East Bay Regional Park District. There is a fee and it does reach capacity. Additionally, the swimming area can be closed due to low water levels.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/temescal/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lake Temescal\u003c/a> (Oakland):\u003c/strong> Closed until the spring, Lake Temescal does permit swimming with or without lifeguards when the water quality is good enough. Unfortunately, during the winter the water quality is often poor.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/tilden/botanic_garden.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lake Anza\u003c/a> (Berkeley):\u003c/strong> In Tilden Regional Park, Lake Anza has a small sandy beach open from April to November for a small entrance fee — if the water quality is acceptable. When bacteria levels are high, the lake closes to the public.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>And, of course, \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/del_valle/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lake Del Valle\u003c/a> (Livermore):\u003c/strong> The lake is surrounded by over 4,000 acres of land used for hiking, camping and horseback riding. There are two swimming beaches, one on each side of the large lake. Lifeguards are on duty during the spring through fall, though swimming is allowed year-round at your own risk.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>North Bay\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Bass Lake (Bolinas)\u003c/strong>: Bass Lake is one of the few lakes in Marin County that isn’t a drinking water reservoir — and therefore one of the few you can swim at. Bass Lake can be found near the southern end of \u003ca style=\"color: #41a62a;\" href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Point Reyes Seashore \u003c/a>via a hike down the Coastal Trail from the Alamere Falls trailhead. It’s a bit of a hike and scramble down to the water, but it’s closer than another swimmable lake farther up the trail, Pelican Lake.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The Inkwells (Lagunitas):\u003c/strong> A bit of a open secret in Marin, the Inkwells are a series of natural rock pools just as you enter Samuel P. Taylor State Park, off to the side of Sir Francis Drake. When the rain has been heavy, the water flows fast from Kent Lake down to San Geronimo Creek and through the pools.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://parks.sonomacounty.ca.gov/Visit/Spring-Lake-Regional-Park/Water-Park/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Spring Lake\u003c/a> (Santa Rosa):\u003c/strong> The massive Spring Lake Regional Park, run by the county, includes a swimming lagoon filled with filtered water and open from Memorial Day to Labor Day. There’s also a water park for kids made up of an inflatable playground.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The Russian River:\u003c/strong> With swimming beaches and spots all up and down the Russian River, it’s hard to pick just one. Certainly, Johnson’s Beach in Guerneville is a popular spot, though it can get crowded in the summer. Same with Monte Rio Community Beach. \u003ca href=\"https://parks.sonomacounty.ca.gov/Visit/Healdsburg-Veterans-Memorial-Beach/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Healdsburg Veterans Memorial Beach\u003c/a> is easy to get to and the swimming area is created with a temporary dam on the river in the summer.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.spn.usace.army.mil/Missions/Recreation/Lake-Sonoma/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lake Sonoma\u003c/a> (Geyserville):\u003c/strong> Run by the Army Corps of Engineers, Lake Sonoma allows swimming at your own risk anywhere you can safely get in. Try Yorty Creek or the Warm Springs recreation area. A warning: The lake is far more popular as a boating destination, so be careful if you’re swimming.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.usbr.gov/mp/ccao/berryessa/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lake Berryessa\u003c/a> (Napa County):\u003c/strong> Lake Berryessa is a reservoir, but it’s a reservoir used for irrigation and flood control. That means swimming is allowed. All swimming is at your own risk; there are no lifeguards here either. Oaks Shores and Smittle Creek are the most popular day use areas with bathrooms, picnic areas and parking.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>South Bay + Peninsula\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(If you remember swimming in Almaden Lake not that long ago, you might be surprised to know you can’t anymore. It’s been closed because of water pollution for a few years as the lake undergoes \u003ca href=\"https://www.valleywater.org/project-updates/almaden-lake-improvement-project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an improvement and cleanup project\u003c/a>. Santa Clara County, in general, does not allow swimming in its lakes and reservoirs.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=29619\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Garden of Eden\u003c/a> (Felton):\u003c/strong> Another natural swimming hole that requires a hike, the Garden of Eden is just that: an Eden inside the Henry Cowell Redwoods. In the summer, you can park at the day use area off Highway 9 in Felton and cross the seasonal bridge. But in the winter, you have to walk in from the Ox Fire Road trailhead.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofsanmateo.org/3340/Parkside-Aquatic-Park\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Parkside Aquatic Park\u003c/a> (San Mateo):\u003c/strong> The only way to get here is through a whole bunch of residential neighborhoods, but once at the park you’ll find a moderately warm sandy beach next to a lagoon with a roped-off swim area during the summer.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.redwoodcity.org/departments/public-works/storm/redwood-shores-lagoon\">Redwood Shores Lagoon\u003c/a> (Redwood City)\u003c/strong>: Run by the city, the lagoon serves as a stormwater retention pond, but it also allows non-motorized boating, swimming and fishing. Swimming is at your own risk and you should watch out for boats.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.fostercity.org/parksrec/page/water-activities\">Foster City Lagoon\u003c/a> (Foster City)\u003c/strong>: Foster City streets drain into this salt-water lagoon. The bacteria levels are tested regularly and if there is contamination posing a health risk then signs are posted at the beaches. Swimming is allowed at your own risk.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://parks.smcgov.org/memorial-park\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Memorial Park\u003c/a> (Loma Mar):\u003c/strong> This nearly-500-acre park includes a swimming hole where the creek crosses through the park.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Uvas (Morgan Hill):\u003c/strong> If you’ve ever done an organized swim, triathlon or aquathon at \u003ca href=\"https://www.sccgov.org/sites/parks/parkfinder/Pages/UvasReservoir.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UVAS Reservoir\u003c/a> in Morgan Hill, then you’re probably thinking you can swim there anytime. You can’t. Swimming is, generally speaking, not allowed.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Did we miss your favorite swimming spot? Let us know. \u003ca href=\"mailto:baycurious@kqed.org\">baycurious@kqed.org\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*We’ve added more swimming spots based on your recommendations.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Plus, a complete list of nearly all the places you *can* swim.",
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"title": "Why Can't You Swim in Most of the Bay Area Lakes? | KQED",
"description": "Plus, a complete list of nearly all the places you *can* swim.",
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"headline": "Why Can't You Swim in Most of the Bay Area Lakes?",
"datePublished": "2019-10-24T03:00:19-07:00",
"dateModified": "2024-07-16T02:39:11-07:00",
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"source": "Bay Curious",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Bay Area is defined by water. Not just by the bay itself, but by the Pacific Ocean and myriad rivers, reservoirs, lakes and ponds. Yet most of the bodies of water you drive past are devoid of people. No swimming. No splashing around. Not even on the hottest days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why is that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To answer this question, we had to drive out to one of the few places you’re allowed to swim: Lake Del Valle near Livermore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#whereswim\">Places you \u003cem>can\u003c/em> swim around the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Lake Del Valle is the \u003cem>only\u003c/em> reservoir used for drinking water that you can also swim at in the whole Bay Area. And that basically answers the question: You can’t swim in most lakes around the Bay Area, because most lakes around here are really reservoirs used for drinking water supplies, and \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?lawCode=HSC&division=104.&title=&part=10.&chapter=5.&article=1.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California law\u003c/a> bans “body contact” in drinking water reservoirs:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Except as provided in this article, recreational uses shall not, with respect to a reservoir in which water is stored for domestic use, include recreation in which there is bodily contact with the water by any participant.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>That means hiking and boating are fine, because body contact is minimal, but no swimming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A r\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\">eservoir is a natural or artificial lake that stores water for flood control, agriculture or drinking water. The drinking water reservoirs are\u003c/span> what we’re primarily concerned about here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back when California was building \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/Programs/State-Water-Project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the State Water Project \u003c/a>— the massive series of dams and reservoirs that bring water from Northern to Southern California — it commissioned a study to find out how clean all those reservoirs were. That study found non-body contact (such as hiking and boating) didn’t significantly impact the water quality, but swimming could lead to fecal coliform and other bacteria (i.e., from poop and pee).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based in part on that report, the state developed a set of guidelines in the 1970s for our drinking water reservoirs. And swimming has been banned ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It should be noted, however, that it appears a number of water districts remained somewhat unaware of the regulations until the state started to crack down much later. For example, swimming was allowed in some Santa Clara County reservoirs through 1990—until the department of health let the water district know swimming was banned in drinking water storage facilities. (The county later did \u003ca href=\"https://www.sccgov.org/sites/parks/PlansProjects/Documents/final-countywide-swim-feasibility-study-reduced.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a feasibility study\u003c/a> to see if a swimming spot could be built because of public demand. But nothing came of it.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘I’m not sure if you’d make the same law today.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Kurt Souza, assistant deputy director for the Division of Drinking Water, said back when the regulations were written, water wasn’t filtered first. It was just pulled out of the reservoir, treated with chlorine or other chemicals, and then sent down our taps. So there was a need for it to be very clean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Filtration requirements started around 1990, and these days water treatment is a lot better. There are a lot more options for first filtering the water and then treating it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means, if we were writing the law today, we probably wouldn’t need to ban swimming everywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not sure if you’d make the same law today,” said Souza. “You’d probably make it the other way, where you would require a certain amount of treatment for a certain type of recreation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11782228\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2048px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/10/24/why-cant-you-swim-in-most-of-the-bay-area-lakes/img_3561/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11782228\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11782228\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1536\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3561-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bay Curious team on the case at Lake Del Valle. \u003ccite>(Olivia Allen-Price/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>OK, so we want our water to be clean, but what about the birds and the animals? They get the water dirty, too.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, birds pooping in the water is bad, but it’s just not as bad. Although there are some reservoirs where animal fecal matter does become an issue, largely human pathogens are what get humans sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>But you’re allowed to swim in drinking water reservoirs in other states and countries. Why not here?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yeah, sorry, California has different rules developed in a different time. California is also a drought state, so those reservoirs can get really small and the water can sit around for a lot longer. That’s partially why you’ll see more places on the East Coast that allow swimming. Because it rains more there, the water turns over fast. That’s also why we have different rules here for rivers and moving bodies of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>OK, so why can you swim in Lake Del Valle? And how can I get swimming allowed at *my* lake?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the law was written, there were specific exceptions listed — all of which come with requirements for additional treatment and testing. For example, all of San Diego County got an exemption for their reservoirs a long time ago. And all State Water Project reservoirs were exempted as part of the arrangement to get voters to approve funding for the project. Lake Del Valle is part of the State Water Project. There are no other exemptions in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, if you want a new exemption to allow swimming at a reservoir near you, then you have to get a law passed by the state Legislature. The last time one of those got signed into law was in 2013 for Bear Lake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11781732\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 802px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/10/24/why-cant-you-swim-in-most-of-the-bay-area-lakes/contra-loma-3-800w/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11781732\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11781732\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/contra-loma-3-800w.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"802\" height=\"602\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/contra-loma-3-800w.jpg 802w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/contra-loma-3-800w-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/contra-loma-3-800w-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/contra-loma-3-800w-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/contra-loma-3-800w-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 802px) 100vw, 802px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The swimming lagoon at Contra Loma is filtered, chlorinated and separated from the reservoir behind it. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of East Bay Regional Parks)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca id=\"whereswim\">\u003c/a>Where \u003cem>can\u003c/em> you swim around the Bay Area?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>There are some amazing swimming locales farther afield — in the foothills or down toward Big Sur — but if you want to keep it closer to home, here are a bunch of Bay Area swimming spots where jumping in the water \u003cem>is\u003c/em> allowed:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The beach!\u003c/strong> Aquatic Park in San Francisco is a very popular swimming destination for hard-core swimmers. For a more casual experience, head to China Beach in the city, McNears Beach at \u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=466\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">China Camp State Park\u003c/a> in San Rafael, Oyster Cove Beach at \u003ca href=\"https://www.smharbor.com/oyster-point-marina-park-650-952-0808\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Oyster Point Park\u003c/a> in South San Francisco,\u003ca href=\"https://parks.smcgov.org/coyote-point-recreation-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Coyote Point\u003c/a> in San Mateo or \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/crown_beach/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Crown Memorial Beach\u003c/a> in Alameda. There are also a number of more secluded beaches off \u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=470\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tomales Bay\u003c/a>, like Heart’s Desire.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>East Bay\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/shadow_cliffs/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Shadow Cliffs\u003c/a> (Pleasanton):\u003c/strong> Formerly a gravel quarry, this lake in Pleasanton is operated by the East Bay Regional Park District. Lifeguards are on duty at the swimming beach in the summer, but swimming is allowed year-round at your own risk.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/don_castro/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Don Castro\u003c/a> (Hayward):\u003c/strong> No swimming or boating is allowed on the reservoir lake, but the chlorinated and filtered lagoon located next to it allows swimming. Swimming is allowed there only in the summer.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/contra_loma/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Contra Loma\u003c/a> (Antioch):\u003c/strong> Fun fact: Contra Loma was actually the site of a dispute over whether people should be allowed to swim in water used for drinking supplies. State regulators said no, and the result is a swimming lagoon built (and chlorinated) separated from the reservoir. Open from the spring through fall, the lagoon does reach capacity.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/cull_canyon/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cull Canyon\u003c/a> (Castro Valley):\u003c/strong> A secondary dam was built to create this swimming lagoon with a sandy beach separate from the reservoir, but still surrounded by open space. Swimming is allowed only when lifeguards are on duty in the summer and does reach capacity.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/quarry_lakes/\">Quarry Lakes\u003c/a> (Hayward): \u003c/strong>There is a swimming complex with a white sand beach, restrooms and lifeguards at this recreation area run by the East Bay Regional Park District. There is a fee and it does reach capacity. Additionally, the swimming area can be closed due to low water levels.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/temescal/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lake Temescal\u003c/a> (Oakland):\u003c/strong> Closed until the spring, Lake Temescal does permit swimming with or without lifeguards when the water quality is good enough. Unfortunately, during the winter the water quality is often poor.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/tilden/botanic_garden.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lake Anza\u003c/a> (Berkeley):\u003c/strong> In Tilden Regional Park, Lake Anza has a small sandy beach open from April to November for a small entrance fee — if the water quality is acceptable. When bacteria levels are high, the lake closes to the public.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>And, of course, \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/del_valle/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lake Del Valle\u003c/a> (Livermore):\u003c/strong> The lake is surrounded by over 4,000 acres of land used for hiking, camping and horseback riding. There are two swimming beaches, one on each side of the large lake. Lifeguards are on duty during the spring through fall, though swimming is allowed year-round at your own risk.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>North Bay\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Bass Lake (Bolinas)\u003c/strong>: Bass Lake is one of the few lakes in Marin County that isn’t a drinking water reservoir — and therefore one of the few you can swim at. Bass Lake can be found near the southern end of \u003ca style=\"color: #41a62a;\" href=\"https://www.nps.gov/pore/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Point Reyes Seashore \u003c/a>via a hike down the Coastal Trail from the Alamere Falls trailhead. It’s a bit of a hike and scramble down to the water, but it’s closer than another swimmable lake farther up the trail, Pelican Lake.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The Inkwells (Lagunitas):\u003c/strong> A bit of a open secret in Marin, the Inkwells are a series of natural rock pools just as you enter Samuel P. Taylor State Park, off to the side of Sir Francis Drake. When the rain has been heavy, the water flows fast from Kent Lake down to San Geronimo Creek and through the pools.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://parks.sonomacounty.ca.gov/Visit/Spring-Lake-Regional-Park/Water-Park/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Spring Lake\u003c/a> (Santa Rosa):\u003c/strong> The massive Spring Lake Regional Park, run by the county, includes a swimming lagoon filled with filtered water and open from Memorial Day to Labor Day. There’s also a water park for kids made up of an inflatable playground.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>The Russian River:\u003c/strong> With swimming beaches and spots all up and down the Russian River, it’s hard to pick just one. Certainly, Johnson’s Beach in Guerneville is a popular spot, though it can get crowded in the summer. Same with Monte Rio Community Beach. \u003ca href=\"https://parks.sonomacounty.ca.gov/Visit/Healdsburg-Veterans-Memorial-Beach/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Healdsburg Veterans Memorial Beach\u003c/a> is easy to get to and the swimming area is created with a temporary dam on the river in the summer.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.spn.usace.army.mil/Missions/Recreation/Lake-Sonoma/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lake Sonoma\u003c/a> (Geyserville):\u003c/strong> Run by the Army Corps of Engineers, Lake Sonoma allows swimming at your own risk anywhere you can safely get in. Try Yorty Creek or the Warm Springs recreation area. A warning: The lake is far more popular as a boating destination, so be careful if you’re swimming.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.usbr.gov/mp/ccao/berryessa/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lake Berryessa\u003c/a> (Napa County):\u003c/strong> Lake Berryessa is a reservoir, but it’s a reservoir used for irrigation and flood control. That means swimming is allowed. All swimming is at your own risk; there are no lifeguards here either. Oaks Shores and Smittle Creek are the most popular day use areas with bathrooms, picnic areas and parking.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>South Bay + Peninsula\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(If you remember swimming in Almaden Lake not that long ago, you might be surprised to know you can’t anymore. It’s been closed because of water pollution for a few years as the lake undergoes \u003ca href=\"https://www.valleywater.org/project-updates/almaden-lake-improvement-project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an improvement and cleanup project\u003c/a>. Santa Clara County, in general, does not allow swimming in its lakes and reservoirs.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=29619\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Garden of Eden\u003c/a> (Felton):\u003c/strong> Another natural swimming hole that requires a hike, the Garden of Eden is just that: an Eden inside the Henry Cowell Redwoods. In the summer, you can park at the day use area off Highway 9 in Felton and cross the seasonal bridge. But in the winter, you have to walk in from the Ox Fire Road trailhead.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofsanmateo.org/3340/Parkside-Aquatic-Park\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Parkside Aquatic Park\u003c/a> (San Mateo):\u003c/strong> The only way to get here is through a whole bunch of residential neighborhoods, but once at the park you’ll find a moderately warm sandy beach next to a lagoon with a roped-off swim area during the summer.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.redwoodcity.org/departments/public-works/storm/redwood-shores-lagoon\">Redwood Shores Lagoon\u003c/a> (Redwood City)\u003c/strong>: Run by the city, the lagoon serves as a stormwater retention pond, but it also allows non-motorized boating, swimming and fishing. Swimming is at your own risk and you should watch out for boats.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.fostercity.org/parksrec/page/water-activities\">Foster City Lagoon\u003c/a> (Foster City)\u003c/strong>: Foster City streets drain into this salt-water lagoon. The bacteria levels are tested regularly and if there is contamination posing a health risk then signs are posted at the beaches. Swimming is allowed at your own risk.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://parks.smcgov.org/memorial-park\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Memorial Park\u003c/a> (Loma Mar):\u003c/strong> This nearly-500-acre park includes a swimming hole where the creek crosses through the park.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Uvas (Morgan Hill):\u003c/strong> If you’ve ever done an organized swim, triathlon or aquathon at \u003ca href=\"https://www.sccgov.org/sites/parks/parkfinder/Pages/UvasReservoir.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UVAS Reservoir\u003c/a> in Morgan Hill, then you’re probably thinking you can swim there anytime. You can’t. Swimming is, generally speaking, not allowed.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Did we miss your favorite swimming spot? Let us know. \u003ca href=\"mailto:baycurious@kqed.org\">baycurious@kqed.org\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*We’ve added more swimming spots based on your recommendations.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "how-rocky-road-ice-cream-got-its-start-in-oakland",
"title": "How Rocky Road Ice Cream Got Its Start in Oakland",
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"headTitle": "How Rocky Road Ice Cream Got Its Start in Oakland | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area. This story is part of a series on locally-invented foods inspired by a question from listener Brent Silver. It first aired on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrmag\">The California Report Magazine\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard to imagine in this era of salted caramel and matcha tea, but there was a time when the American ice cream palate was limited to chocolate, vanilla and strawberry. The invention of Rocky Road in the 1920s changed the ice cream game with “mix-ins” — adding the bumpy texture of nuts, and the soft, pillowy chew of marshmallows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly a century has passed since Rocky Road was invented, but there’s still a dispute over just who thought up the recipe for Rocky Road ice cream: \u003ca href=\"https://www.fentonscreamery.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fenton’s Creamery \u003c/a>or \u003ca href=\"https://www.dreyers.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dreyer’s Grand Ice Cream\u003c/a>. The one certain thing is that the flavor was invented in Oakland, California.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>An Antidote to the Great Depression\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775012\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775012\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Tour guide Lauren Herpich, of Local Food Adventures, holds up historical photos as she gives an ice cream tour of Oakland's Rockridge neighborhood. \" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-1122x1496.jpg 1122w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-840x1120.jpg 840w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-687x916.jpg 687w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-414x552.jpg 414w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-354x472.jpg 354w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336.jpg 1260w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tour guide Lauren Herpich, of Local Food Adventures, holds up historical photos as she gives an ice cream tour of Oakland’s Rockridge neighborhood. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Local Food Adventures)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There was a man named William Dreyer. He was a German immigrant. He loved making ice cream and so he made it out of a candy shop,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.localfoodadventures.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Local Tour Adventures\u003c/a> guide Lauren Herpich, whom I joined for an \u003ca href=\"https://www.localfoodadventures.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ice cream tour\u003c/a> of College Avenue — a tiny shopping district running through North Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The street is home to the original headquarters of Dreyer’s Grand Ice Cream, which was founded in 1928.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year after its opening, the American stock market crashed. Shantytowns consequently developed along Oakland’s waterfront.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So William Dreyer decides ‘what I want to do is make a new ice cream flavor that puts a smile on people’s faces during this rocky road of life,” Herpich said. “Rocky Road becomes America’s first blockbuster ice cream flavor after chocolate, vanilla and strawberry. So really, we can say thanks to Mr. Dreyer for starting the whole idea of new ice cream flavors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is the official \u003ca href=\"https://www.nestle.com/aboutus/history/nestle-company-history/dreyers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">story\u003c/a> from Dreyer’s, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[It was] the first time marshmallow was ever used in ice cream,” said John Harrison, the guy who invented Cookies ‘N Cream ice cream and some 75 other new flavors for Dreyer’s starting in the 1980s. He was also part of an\u003ca href=\"http://bancroft.berkeley.edu/ROHO/projects/dreyers/index.html\"> oral history project\u003c/a> with UC Berkeley’s Bancroft Library, documenting the long history of Dreyer’s Grand Ice Cream in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_RWcqJ4LHM8\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only marshmallow that was available in 1929 was the large fireside marshmallow that their wives used to cut up, bite-size. You can’t put a whole. Wouldn’t work,” Harrison explained, making gummy chewing sounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harrison said William Dreyer adapted a popular candy of the period, made with marshmallows and walnuts — but he used almonds instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775368\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 572px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11775368 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39242_dreyers-truck-vintage-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"572\" height=\"276\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39242_dreyers-truck-vintage-qut.jpg 572w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39242_dreyers-truck-vintage-qut-160x77.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 572px) 100vw, 572px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Early Dreyer’s ice cream trucks operated with huge blocks of ice to keep the Rocky Road cool. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nestle. (NESTLÉ® and Dreyer's are registered trademarks of Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Vevey, Switzerland.))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The candy and ice cream industry has been interwoven since day one,” Harrison said. “Originally, it was walnuts, but it didn’t have that bite, that crispness, that freshness, lasting. It’s too porous. It absorbs and gets soggy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dreyer’s has expanded well beyond Oakland since. It was bought by Nestle in 2002 and its ice cream is stocked in nearly every supermarket freezer (It’s branded as Edy’s on the East Coast.) Nestlé continues to market the brand and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nestle.com/aboutus/history/nestle-company-history/dreyers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">claim\u003c/a> that Dreyer invented Rocky Road.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Walnuts vs. Almonds\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775091\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11775091 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Fenton’s Rocky Road sundae. Fenton’s Creamery has not done much to advertise its claim to Rocky Road, although it does mention it on the menu. \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Just down the road from where Dreyer’s got its start in Oakland, there’s another much smaller ice cream company that also claims to have invented Rocky Road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775053\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11775053\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39118_best-of-whidden-and-RR-qut-1-e1569096311914-800x1060.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"397\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39118_best-of-whidden-and-RR-qut-1-e1569096311914-800x1060.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39118_best-of-whidden-and-RR-qut-1-e1569096311914-160x212.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39118_best-of-whidden-and-RR-qut-1-e1569096311914-1020x1351.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39118_best-of-whidden-and-RR-qut-1-e1569096311914-906x1200.jpg 906w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39118_best-of-whidden-and-RR-qut-1-e1569096311914.jpg 1214w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fenton’s owner and Master Blender Scott Whidden showing off a new batch of Rocky Road with longtime Fenton’s ice cream maker Alfredo Macias. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At Fenton’s Creamery, owner and master blender Scott Whidden holds a tub under a spigot churning out fresh chocolate ice cream. He puts in fistfuls of nuts and marshmallows that he scoops from plastic tubs. He adds walnuts, instead of almonds — just like the original candy bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m looking for equal parts [in each bite],” explained Whidden over the whirring ice cream machine. “If you have a marshmallow, I want you to have maybe one or two of the walnuts,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whidden said small-batch and handmade is the way Fenton’s has made its ice cream since the 1920s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That, he said, is when Melvin Fenton — grandson of the original owner — came up with the idea for Rocky Road. There’s a picture of him in the parlor, where dozens of families are sitting in red vinyl booths enjoying giant sundaes in old-fashioned glass dishes. In the photo, Melvin Fenton is loading fresh cream off of a tiny airplane that he flew as an amateur pilot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Melvin was like the black sheep of the family,” said Whidden. More like a wildcat and an inventor who could see beyond the trifecta of vanilla, chocolate and strawberry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s a visionary,” said Whidden. “Forward-thinking guy. And he goes, ‘Whoa. Mix-ins!’ So the thought process on it was, we’re into the depression, it’s bad times. Smooth ice cream, and then there’s these bumps, it gets rocky.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That sounds familiar: Rocky Road, the bumpy road of life during the Depression. Chocolate, marshmallows, nuts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775078\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775078\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39105_MELVIN_AIRPLANE_DIVCO-qut-800x529.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"529\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39105_MELVIN_AIRPLANE_DIVCO-qut-800x529.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39105_MELVIN_AIRPLANE_DIVCO-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39105_MELVIN_AIRPLANE_DIVCO-qut-1020x674.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39105_MELVIN_AIRPLANE_DIVCO-qut-1200x793.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39105_MELVIN_AIRPLANE_DIVCO-qut.jpg 1298w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Melvin Fenton loading fresh cream off an airplane into a delivery truck. Fenton’s claims that Melvin invented Rocky Road. Photo Courtesy Fenton’s Creamery. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Fenton's Ice Cream)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>An Ice Cream Expert Weighs In \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>These days, Rocky Road is still one of Fenton’s top-selling flavors. They serve it up in giant scoops and decadent sundaes. When I visited Fenton’s, \u003ca href=\"http://amyettinger.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amy Ettinger \u003c/a>and I ordered sundaes with whipped cream and cherries, gleefully fishing for the walnuts and marshmallows. Ettinger is an ice cream historian, the author of “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11593783/vanilla-chocolate-strawberry-and-oyster-a-year-of-ice-cream\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sweet Spot, An Ice Cream Binge Across America\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775079\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 303px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11775079 \" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"303\" height=\"404\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-1122x1496.jpg 1122w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-840x1120.jpg 840w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-687x916.jpg 687w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-414x552.jpg 414w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-354x472.jpg 354w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 303px) 100vw, 303px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amy Ettinger says Rocky Road was the flavor of her childhood. Here she is at Fenton’s Creamery enjoying a sundae. \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s very common in ice cream history to have these kinds of disputes,” said Ettinger. “The 1904 World’s Fair was when the ice cream cone was invented and six different vendors claimed that they were the ones who invented it. Unless you have a time machine, or you know you were actually the inventor, there’s no way really to tell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ettinger said Rocky Road is the flavor of her childhood. Not the Fenton’s Rocky Road she’s eating, but the Dreyer’s with the almonds you can buy at the grocery store. She said she feels a little sheepish saying that, because it’s kind of a David and Goliath story: the mom and pop parlor versus what is today a multinational giant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What’s very interesting is Fenton’s is a very beloved Bay Area institution,” said Ettinger. “But it is not well known outside of the Bay Area. So regardless of who actually invented it, Dreyer’s is hands down the \u003cem>marketer\u003c/em> of Rocky Road. They built their brand on the invention and the marketing of Rocky Road. Just because the other company is the one that got the word out about it, doesn’t mean that Fenton’s didn’t invent it. There’s no way for us to know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775082\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775082\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fenton’s is known for its decadent sundaes, including those made with Rocky Road. \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There are other theories too:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Fenton’s original candy maker, George Farren, was friends with Dreyer and so perhaps he shared his idea for a Rocky Road ice cream based on the candy with both ice cream companies. It’s unclear whether the original candy bar, popular in the 1920s, was called Rocky Road. There’s still a Rocky Road candy bar today, invented in San Francisco in the 1950s, that uses cashews. It’s all a bit nutty!\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Fenton’s owner Scott Whidden claimed Dreyer’s just stole the credit, even though they knew Fenton’s had invented it. Whidden said Dreyer’s former president Ken Cook, who ran Dreyer’s from 1963-1977, was his mentor. The one who encouraged him to buy Fenton’s and admitted to him that Fenton’s actually invented Rocky Road. Cook passed away in 1991, so there’s no way to verify that claim, although the online publication Quartzy tried to \u003ca href=\"https://qz.com/quartzy/1376713/who-invented-rocky-road-ice-cream-its-complicated/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">track it down\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Then there’s the even more radical theory that, in fact, Rocky Road was born in Topeka, Kansas. There is a recipe in a candy cookbook printed there that predates either Fenton’s or Dreyer’s. It calls for honey whip instead of marshmallows.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775080\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775080\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Screen-Shot-2019-09-17-at-1.21.14-PM-800x624.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"624\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Screen-Shot-2019-09-17-at-1.21.14-PM-800x624.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Screen-Shot-2019-09-17-at-1.21.14-PM-160x125.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Screen-Shot-2019-09-17-at-1.21.14-PM.png 982w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rigby’s Reliable Candy Teacher (this edition published 1920 in Topeka, Kansas) includes a recipe for Rocky Road that predates either Fenton’s or Dreyer’s.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ice cream expert Amy Ettinger said the Kansas theory doesn’t count because honey whip isn’t marshmallows. Rocky Road definitely came from Oakland. And who cares who invented it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the end of the day I don’t know that it matters,” said Ettinger. I mean, if both places are creating really good scoops of Rocky Road ice cream now, and they both have their little twist on it. How important is it who the original inventor was?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"description": "Rocky Road was America’s first blockbuster ice cream flavor after chocolate, vanilla and strawberry. ",
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"headline": "How Rocky Road Ice Cream Got Its Start in Oakland",
"datePublished": "2019-10-17T03:00:24-07:00",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area. This story is part of a series on locally-invented foods inspired by a question from listener Brent Silver. It first aired on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrmag\">The California Report Magazine\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard to imagine in this era of salted caramel and matcha tea, but there was a time when the American ice cream palate was limited to chocolate, vanilla and strawberry. The invention of Rocky Road in the 1920s changed the ice cream game with “mix-ins” — adding the bumpy texture of nuts, and the soft, pillowy chew of marshmallows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly a century has passed since Rocky Road was invented, but there’s still a dispute over just who thought up the recipe for Rocky Road ice cream: \u003ca href=\"https://www.fentonscreamery.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fenton’s Creamery \u003c/a>or \u003ca href=\"https://www.dreyers.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dreyer’s Grand Ice Cream\u003c/a>. The one certain thing is that the flavor was invented in Oakland, California.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>An Antidote to the Great Depression\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775012\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775012\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Tour guide Lauren Herpich, of Local Food Adventures, holds up historical photos as she gives an ice cream tour of Oakland's Rockridge neighborhood. \" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-1122x1496.jpg 1122w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-840x1120.jpg 840w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-687x916.jpg 687w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-414x552.jpg 414w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336-354x472.jpg 354w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39102_LocalFoodAdventures_TL2018-30-qut-e1569096415336.jpg 1260w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tour guide Lauren Herpich, of Local Food Adventures, holds up historical photos as she gives an ice cream tour of Oakland’s Rockridge neighborhood. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Local Food Adventures)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There was a man named William Dreyer. He was a German immigrant. He loved making ice cream and so he made it out of a candy shop,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.localfoodadventures.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Local Tour Adventures\u003c/a> guide Lauren Herpich, whom I joined for an \u003ca href=\"https://www.localfoodadventures.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ice cream tour\u003c/a> of College Avenue — a tiny shopping district running through North Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The street is home to the original headquarters of Dreyer’s Grand Ice Cream, which was founded in 1928.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year after its opening, the American stock market crashed. Shantytowns consequently developed along Oakland’s waterfront.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So William Dreyer decides ‘what I want to do is make a new ice cream flavor that puts a smile on people’s faces during this rocky road of life,” Herpich said. “Rocky Road becomes America’s first blockbuster ice cream flavor after chocolate, vanilla and strawberry. So really, we can say thanks to Mr. Dreyer for starting the whole idea of new ice cream flavors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is the official \u003ca href=\"https://www.nestle.com/aboutus/history/nestle-company-history/dreyers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">story\u003c/a> from Dreyer’s, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[It was] the first time marshmallow was ever used in ice cream,” said John Harrison, the guy who invented Cookies ‘N Cream ice cream and some 75 other new flavors for Dreyer’s starting in the 1980s. He was also part of an\u003ca href=\"http://bancroft.berkeley.edu/ROHO/projects/dreyers/index.html\"> oral history project\u003c/a> with UC Berkeley’s Bancroft Library, documenting the long history of Dreyer’s Grand Ice Cream in Oakland.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/_RWcqJ4LHM8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/_RWcqJ4LHM8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>“The only marshmallow that was available in 1929 was the large fireside marshmallow that their wives used to cut up, bite-size. You can’t put a whole. Wouldn’t work,” Harrison explained, making gummy chewing sounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harrison said William Dreyer adapted a popular candy of the period, made with marshmallows and walnuts — but he used almonds instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775368\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 572px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11775368 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39242_dreyers-truck-vintage-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"572\" height=\"276\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39242_dreyers-truck-vintage-qut.jpg 572w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39242_dreyers-truck-vintage-qut-160x77.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 572px) 100vw, 572px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Early Dreyer’s ice cream trucks operated with huge blocks of ice to keep the Rocky Road cool. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nestle. (NESTLÉ® and Dreyer's are registered trademarks of Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Vevey, Switzerland.))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The candy and ice cream industry has been interwoven since day one,” Harrison said. “Originally, it was walnuts, but it didn’t have that bite, that crispness, that freshness, lasting. It’s too porous. It absorbs and gets soggy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dreyer’s has expanded well beyond Oakland since. It was bought by Nestle in 2002 and its ice cream is stocked in nearly every supermarket freezer (It’s branded as Edy’s on the East Coast.) Nestlé continues to market the brand and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nestle.com/aboutus/history/nestle-company-history/dreyers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">claim\u003c/a> that Dreyer invented Rocky Road.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Walnuts vs. Almonds\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775091\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11775091 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2-536x402.jpg 536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/rocky-road-w-menu-2.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Fenton’s Rocky Road sundae. Fenton’s Creamery has not done much to advertise its claim to Rocky Road, although it does mention it on the menu. \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Just down the road from where Dreyer’s got its start in Oakland, there’s another much smaller ice cream company that also claims to have invented Rocky Road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775053\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11775053\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39118_best-of-whidden-and-RR-qut-1-e1569096311914-800x1060.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"397\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39118_best-of-whidden-and-RR-qut-1-e1569096311914-800x1060.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39118_best-of-whidden-and-RR-qut-1-e1569096311914-160x212.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39118_best-of-whidden-and-RR-qut-1-e1569096311914-1020x1351.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39118_best-of-whidden-and-RR-qut-1-e1569096311914-906x1200.jpg 906w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39118_best-of-whidden-and-RR-qut-1-e1569096311914.jpg 1214w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fenton’s owner and Master Blender Scott Whidden showing off a new batch of Rocky Road with longtime Fenton’s ice cream maker Alfredo Macias. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At Fenton’s Creamery, owner and master blender Scott Whidden holds a tub under a spigot churning out fresh chocolate ice cream. He puts in fistfuls of nuts and marshmallows that he scoops from plastic tubs. He adds walnuts, instead of almonds — just like the original candy bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m looking for equal parts [in each bite],” explained Whidden over the whirring ice cream machine. “If you have a marshmallow, I want you to have maybe one or two of the walnuts,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whidden said small-batch and handmade is the way Fenton’s has made its ice cream since the 1920s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That, he said, is when Melvin Fenton — grandson of the original owner — came up with the idea for Rocky Road. There’s a picture of him in the parlor, where dozens of families are sitting in red vinyl booths enjoying giant sundaes in old-fashioned glass dishes. In the photo, Melvin Fenton is loading fresh cream off of a tiny airplane that he flew as an amateur pilot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Melvin was like the black sheep of the family,” said Whidden. More like a wildcat and an inventor who could see beyond the trifecta of vanilla, chocolate and strawberry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s a visionary,” said Whidden. “Forward-thinking guy. And he goes, ‘Whoa. Mix-ins!’ So the thought process on it was, we’re into the depression, it’s bad times. Smooth ice cream, and then there’s these bumps, it gets rocky.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That sounds familiar: Rocky Road, the bumpy road of life during the Depression. Chocolate, marshmallows, nuts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775078\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775078\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39105_MELVIN_AIRPLANE_DIVCO-qut-800x529.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"529\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39105_MELVIN_AIRPLANE_DIVCO-qut-800x529.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39105_MELVIN_AIRPLANE_DIVCO-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39105_MELVIN_AIRPLANE_DIVCO-qut-1020x674.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39105_MELVIN_AIRPLANE_DIVCO-qut-1200x793.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39105_MELVIN_AIRPLANE_DIVCO-qut.jpg 1298w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Melvin Fenton loading fresh cream off an airplane into a delivery truck. Fenton’s claims that Melvin invented Rocky Road. Photo Courtesy Fenton’s Creamery. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Fenton's Ice Cream)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>An Ice Cream Expert Weighs In \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>These days, Rocky Road is still one of Fenton’s top-selling flavors. They serve it up in giant scoops and decadent sundaes. When I visited Fenton’s, \u003ca href=\"http://amyettinger.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amy Ettinger \u003c/a>and I ordered sundaes with whipped cream and cherries, gleefully fishing for the walnuts and marshmallows. Ettinger is an ice cream historian, the author of “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11593783/vanilla-chocolate-strawberry-and-oyster-a-year-of-ice-cream\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sweet Spot, An Ice Cream Binge Across America\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775079\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 303px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11775079 \" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"303\" height=\"404\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-1122x1496.jpg 1122w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-840x1120.jpg 840w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-687x916.jpg 687w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-414x552.jpg 414w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603-354x472.jpg 354w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39095_Amy-Ettinger-qut-e1568841953603.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 303px) 100vw, 303px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amy Ettinger says Rocky Road was the flavor of her childhood. Here she is at Fenton’s Creamery enjoying a sundae. \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s very common in ice cream history to have these kinds of disputes,” said Ettinger. “The 1904 World’s Fair was when the ice cream cone was invented and six different vendors claimed that they were the ones who invented it. Unless you have a time machine, or you know you were actually the inventor, there’s no way really to tell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ettinger said Rocky Road is the flavor of her childhood. Not the Fenton’s Rocky Road she’s eating, but the Dreyer’s with the almonds you can buy at the grocery store. She said she feels a little sheepish saying that, because it’s kind of a David and Goliath story: the mom and pop parlor versus what is today a multinational giant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What’s very interesting is Fenton’s is a very beloved Bay Area institution,” said Ettinger. “But it is not well known outside of the Bay Area. So regardless of who actually invented it, Dreyer’s is hands down the \u003cem>marketer\u003c/em> of Rocky Road. They built their brand on the invention and the marketing of Rocky Road. Just because the other company is the one that got the word out about it, doesn’t mean that Fenton’s didn’t invent it. There’s no way for us to know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775082\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775082\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-632x474.jpg 632w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS39090_sundae-beauty-pageant-qut-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fenton’s is known for its decadent sundaes, including those made with Rocky Road. \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There are other theories too:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Fenton’s original candy maker, George Farren, was friends with Dreyer and so perhaps he shared his idea for a Rocky Road ice cream based on the candy with both ice cream companies. It’s unclear whether the original candy bar, popular in the 1920s, was called Rocky Road. There’s still a Rocky Road candy bar today, invented in San Francisco in the 1950s, that uses cashews. It’s all a bit nutty!\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Fenton’s owner Scott Whidden claimed Dreyer’s just stole the credit, even though they knew Fenton’s had invented it. Whidden said Dreyer’s former president Ken Cook, who ran Dreyer’s from 1963-1977, was his mentor. The one who encouraged him to buy Fenton’s and admitted to him that Fenton’s actually invented Rocky Road. Cook passed away in 1991, so there’s no way to verify that claim, although the online publication Quartzy tried to \u003ca href=\"https://qz.com/quartzy/1376713/who-invented-rocky-road-ice-cream-its-complicated/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">track it down\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Then there’s the even more radical theory that, in fact, Rocky Road was born in Topeka, Kansas. There is a recipe in a candy cookbook printed there that predates either Fenton’s or Dreyer’s. It calls for honey whip instead of marshmallows.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775080\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11775080\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Screen-Shot-2019-09-17-at-1.21.14-PM-800x624.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"624\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Screen-Shot-2019-09-17-at-1.21.14-PM-800x624.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Screen-Shot-2019-09-17-at-1.21.14-PM-160x125.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Screen-Shot-2019-09-17-at-1.21.14-PM.png 982w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rigby’s Reliable Candy Teacher (this edition published 1920 in Topeka, Kansas) includes a recipe for Rocky Road that predates either Fenton’s or Dreyer’s.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ice cream expert Amy Ettinger said the Kansas theory doesn’t count because honey whip isn’t marshmallows. Rocky Road definitely came from Oakland. And who cares who invented it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the end of the day I don’t know that it matters,” said Ettinger. I mean, if both places are creating really good scoops of Rocky Road ice cream now, and they both have their little twist on it. How important is it who the original inventor was?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "12 Offbeat Museums in the Bay Area to Visit This Fall",
"headTitle": "12 Offbeat Museums in the Bay Area to Visit This Fall | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>In honor of this week’s Bay Curious episode looking at small or unusual museums in the Bay Area, we asked listeners to contribute their favorite unconventional local spots and received a handful of \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KQED/status/1177333253600006146\">great recommendations\u003c/a>. With listener support we present a short list:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aftelier.com/Articles.asp?ID=256\">\u003cb>Aftel Archive of Curious Scents\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Berkeley\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nThe collection is run by Mandy Aftel, a perfumer who has curated more than 300 fragrances for visitors to smell. The archive includes 100-year-old scents alongside their modern counterparts, the raw botanical material used to create scents and perfume books from the turn of the century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.spn.usace.army.mil/Missions/Recreation/Bay-Model-Visitor-Center/\">\u003cb>The Bay Model\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Sausalito\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nThis scale model of the San Francisco Bay and the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta system was completed by the Army Corps of Engineers in 1957. At roughly 1.5 acres, this three-dimensional hydraulic model is capable of simulating tides and currents. It was built to study public works proposals, like a plan to dam the South Bay (it proved that idea was ill-advised). It’s no longer used for research, but still works! In the age of computer modeling software, the Bay Model is quite the sight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11778838\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11778838 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The rendering of the Bay Bridge as part of The Bay Model, 320-feet by 400-feet wide, scale model of the Bay Delta watershed.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The rendering of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge as part of the Bay Model, a 320-by-400 foot scale model of the Bay Delta watershed. \u003ccite>(Olivia Allen-Price/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bigfootdiscoveryproject.com/\">\u003cb>Bigfoot Discovery Museum\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Felton\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nSkeptics and believers alike will find all things related to Bigfoot (or, if you prefer, Sasquatch/Yeti) here at this tiny museum just outside of Santa Cruz, from archive photo “evidence” and artifacts to Bigfoot memorabilia and pop culture clippings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://letterformarchive.org/\">\u003cb>Letterform Archive\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Francisco\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nIf you love lettering, typography, calligraphy and graphic design this place is for you. On the shelves you’ll find a style book for NASA, stamps from the iconic 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico, original Fillmore posters and hand-drawn holy manuscripts from the 1400s. The nonprofit center allows visitors hands-on access to a curated collection of over 50,000 items.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11778833\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11778833 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The Lick Observatory peaking through the snow dusted top of Mount Hamilton.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Lick Observatory peaking through the snow dusted top of Mount Hamilton. \u003ccite>(Gordon Wrigley/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ucolick.org/main/visit/info.html\">\u003cb>Lick Observatory\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Mount Hamilton\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nSweeping vistas of the Santa Clara Valley will greet you in the parking lot, inside you can peruse informative exhibits and at night you can explore the sky using one of the major telescopes used to discover extrasolar planets. The observatory opened in 1888 as part of the University of California. It was funded by James Lick and according to the website, “Lick’s gift of $700,000 was the largest philanthropic gift in the history of science and would amount to $1.2 billion by today’s standards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://nilesfilmmuseum.org/\">\u003cb>Niles Essanay Silent Film Museum\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Fremont\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nA stone’s throw away from where Charlie Chaplin made movies at the turn of the century, this theater is dedicated to preserving and showing silent films. The exhibits and theater stand in what was once the town of Niles (now a historic district in Fremont), which has been called the first Hollywood. The museum has weekly showings and for October they’ve curated some spooky options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.museemecaniquesf.com/\">\u003cb>Musée Mécanique\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Francisco\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nThe Musée Mécanique houses over 200 coin-operated machines on Pier 45 in Fisherman’s Wharf. You can find all the coin-operated classics from your childhood, no matter when you were a child. It’s got whack-a-mole, Addams Family pinball, arm wrestling, coin-operated peep shows, loads of fortune telling devices and a variety of musical machines including, a wurlitzer (it’s a type of machine you can find in the middle of werry-go-rounds) built in 1915 with 130 pipes in it, orchestra bells, a bass drum, a snare drum and a symbol. Learn more about it in this week’s Bay Curious episode.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11774569\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11774569 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Machines at Musée Mécanique\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Machines at Musée Mécanique \u003ccite>(Maggie Galloway/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://themade.org/\">\u003cb>Museum of Art and Digital Entertainment\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Oakland\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nFrom Atari to the PlayStation 3, from old classics to new classics, “The MADE” houses thousands of playable video games, offers free programming classes for kids, lectures, tournaments, game development parties and community events like “Cosplay Comedy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://museumofpropaganda.org/\">\u003cb>The Museum of International Propaganda\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Rafael\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nIn a former children’s shoe store, the museum displays 20th and 21st century political art from places like North Korea, Russia, Iran, China and the United States. The exhibits are grouped into several themes, techniques and styles of propaganda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sccgov.org/sites/parks/parkfinder/Pages/Almaden-Quicksilver-Mining-Museum.aspx\">\u003cb>New Almaden Quicksilver Mining Museum\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Jose\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nLearn the history of mercury mining in the area, the technology used and the culture of various mining communities. Mining at New Almaden began in 1845, when a Mexican Cavalry officer found the red rock used by the Ohlone to paint the walls of the Santa Clara Mission contained mercury. The mercury could be used to process silver in Mexican mines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11552135\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11552135\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"The local order of Rosicrucians is planning a new museum to focus on alchemy.\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The local order of Rosicrucians is planning a new museum to focus on alchemy. \u003ccite>(Bert Johnson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://egyptianmuseum.org/\">Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Jose\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nThis museum boasts of a vast collection of artifacts: sculpture, jewelry, tools, ritual objects and, yes, mummies — both human and animal. There are also several high-quality replicas on display, including a cast of King Tutankhamun’s golden sarcophagus and the Rosetta Stone. As you’ll hear in our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11551947/what-is-the-rosicrucian-egyptian-museum-and-why-is-it-in-san-jose\">2017 Bay Curious episode\u003c/a> on the museum, many visitors say their highlight is the life-size tomb that is a composite replica of several real tombs in Egypt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cityofsantacruz.com/government/city-departments/parks-recreation/facilities/surfing-museum\">\u003cb>Santa Cruz Surfing Museum\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Santa Cruz\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nInside the Mark Abbott Memorial Lighthouse, which commemorates a surfer who died surfing at nearby Pleasure Point, this small museum covers over 100 years of surfing history in Santa Cruz. A plaque details how visiting royal Hawaiians kicked off the craze in 1885. You can learn more about it in this week’s Bay Curious episode.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In honor of this week’s Bay Curious episode looking at small or unusual museums in the Bay Area, we asked listeners to contribute their favorite unconventional local spots and received a handful of \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KQED/status/1177333253600006146\">great recommendations\u003c/a>. With listener support we present a short list:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aftelier.com/Articles.asp?ID=256\">\u003cb>Aftel Archive of Curious Scents\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Berkeley\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nThe collection is run by Mandy Aftel, a perfumer who has curated more than 300 fragrances for visitors to smell. The archive includes 100-year-old scents alongside their modern counterparts, the raw botanical material used to create scents and perfume books from the turn of the century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.spn.usace.army.mil/Missions/Recreation/Bay-Model-Visitor-Center/\">\u003cb>The Bay Model\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Sausalito\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nThis scale model of the San Francisco Bay and the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta system was completed by the Army Corps of Engineers in 1957. At roughly 1.5 acres, this three-dimensional hydraulic model is capable of simulating tides and currents. It was built to study public works proposals, like a plan to dam the South Bay (it proved that idea was ill-advised). It’s no longer used for research, but still works! In the age of computer modeling software, the Bay Model is quite the sight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11778838\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11778838 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The rendering of the Bay Bridge as part of The Bay Model, 320-feet by 400-feet wide, scale model of the Bay Delta watershed.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/IMG_3663-2.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The rendering of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge as part of the Bay Model, a 320-by-400 foot scale model of the Bay Delta watershed. \u003ccite>(Olivia Allen-Price/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bigfootdiscoveryproject.com/\">\u003cb>Bigfoot Discovery Museum\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Felton\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nSkeptics and believers alike will find all things related to Bigfoot (or, if you prefer, Sasquatch/Yeti) here at this tiny museum just outside of Santa Cruz, from archive photo “evidence” and artifacts to Bigfoot memorabilia and pop culture clippings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://letterformarchive.org/\">\u003cb>Letterform Archive\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Francisco\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nIf you love lettering, typography, calligraphy and graphic design this place is for you. On the shelves you’ll find a style book for NASA, stamps from the iconic 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico, original Fillmore posters and hand-drawn holy manuscripts from the 1400s. The nonprofit center allows visitors hands-on access to a curated collection of over 50,000 items.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11778833\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11778833 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The Lick Observatory peaking through the snow dusted top of Mount Hamilton.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/6037040107_d676b70b3f_k.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Lick Observatory peaking through the snow dusted top of Mount Hamilton. \u003ccite>(Gordon Wrigley/flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ucolick.org/main/visit/info.html\">\u003cb>Lick Observatory\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Mount Hamilton\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nSweeping vistas of the Santa Clara Valley will greet you in the parking lot, inside you can peruse informative exhibits and at night you can explore the sky using one of the major telescopes used to discover extrasolar planets. The observatory opened in 1888 as part of the University of California. It was funded by James Lick and according to the website, “Lick’s gift of $700,000 was the largest philanthropic gift in the history of science and would amount to $1.2 billion by today’s standards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://nilesfilmmuseum.org/\">\u003cb>Niles Essanay Silent Film Museum\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Fremont\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nA stone’s throw away from where Charlie Chaplin made movies at the turn of the century, this theater is dedicated to preserving and showing silent films. The exhibits and theater stand in what was once the town of Niles (now a historic district in Fremont), which has been called the first Hollywood. The museum has weekly showings and for October they’ve curated some spooky options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.museemecaniquesf.com/\">\u003cb>Musée Mécanique\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Francisco\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nThe Musée Mécanique houses over 200 coin-operated machines on Pier 45 in Fisherman’s Wharf. You can find all the coin-operated classics from your childhood, no matter when you were a child. It’s got whack-a-mole, Addams Family pinball, arm wrestling, coin-operated peep shows, loads of fortune telling devices and a variety of musical machines including, a wurlitzer (it’s a type of machine you can find in the middle of werry-go-rounds) built in 1915 with 130 pipes in it, orchestra bells, a bass drum, a snare drum and a symbol. Learn more about it in this week’s Bay Curious episode.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11774569\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11774569 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Machines at Musée Mécanique\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/IMG_0352.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Machines at Musée Mécanique \u003ccite>(Maggie Galloway/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://themade.org/\">\u003cb>Museum of Art and Digital Entertainment\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Oakland\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nFrom Atari to the PlayStation 3, from old classics to new classics, “The MADE” houses thousands of playable video games, offers free programming classes for kids, lectures, tournaments, game development parties and community events like “Cosplay Comedy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://museumofpropaganda.org/\">\u003cb>The Museum of International Propaganda\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Rafael\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nIn a former children’s shoe store, the museum displays 20th and 21st century political art from places like North Korea, Russia, Iran, China and the United States. The exhibits are grouped into several themes, techniques and styles of propaganda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sccgov.org/sites/parks/parkfinder/Pages/Almaden-Quicksilver-Mining-Museum.aspx\">\u003cb>New Almaden Quicksilver Mining Museum\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Jose\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nLearn the history of mercury mining in the area, the technology used and the culture of various mining communities. Mining at New Almaden began in 1845, when a Mexican Cavalry officer found the red rock used by the Ohlone to paint the walls of the Santa Clara Mission contained mercury. The mercury could be used to process silver in Mexican mines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11552135\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11552135\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"The local order of Rosicrucians is planning a new museum to focus on alchemy.\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS25565_20170524_Rosicrucian_credit_BertJohnson-7-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The local order of Rosicrucians is planning a new museum to focus on alchemy. \u003ccite>(Bert Johnson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://egyptianmuseum.org/\">Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>San Jose\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nThis museum boasts of a vast collection of artifacts: sculpture, jewelry, tools, ritual objects and, yes, mummies — both human and animal. There are also several high-quality replicas on display, including a cast of King Tutankhamun’s golden sarcophagus and the Rosetta Stone. As you’ll hear in our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11551947/what-is-the-rosicrucian-egyptian-museum-and-why-is-it-in-san-jose\">2017 Bay Curious episode\u003c/a> on the museum, many visitors say their highlight is the life-size tomb that is a composite replica of several real tombs in Egypt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cityofsantacruz.com/government/city-departments/parks-recreation/facilities/surfing-museum\">\u003cb>Santa Cruz Surfing Museum\u003c/b>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Santa Cruz\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\nInside the Mark Abbott Memorial Lighthouse, which commemorates a surfer who died surfing at nearby Pleasure Point, this small museum covers over 100 years of surfing history in Santa Cruz. A plaque details how visiting royal Hawaiians kicked off the craze in 1885. You can learn more about it in this week’s Bay Curious episode.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Do Preserved Bodies Dwell in Lake Tahoe's Depths?! The Truth Behind Tahoe's Myths",
"headTitle": "Do Preserved Bodies Dwell in Lake Tahoe’s Depths?! The Truth Behind Tahoe’s Myths | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Lake Tahoe is the backyard playground for many in the Bay Area, so earlier this year we asked the Bay Curious audience what questions they had about this recreational hot spot. We collaborated with \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/news/tahoeland/\">TahoeLand\u003c/a>, a podcast from Capital Public Radio, to answer those questions. Let’s get to it!\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Are the depths of Lake Tahoe so deep that the lack of light, oxygen and life stops decay and there are dead bodies (some even human) floating in perfect preservation at these depths?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>– Kasey Jones\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A grisly legend is often repeated about Lake Tahoe. Story goes: The lake was once a place where mobsters would dispose of the bodies of their victims. And because the lake is so deep, and so cold, those bodies are still in perfect condition, floating at the bottom of the lake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thankfully, this legend is false.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The water of Lake Tahoe is alive with microorganisms and larger organisms that feed on dead plant and animal matter,” says Dave Antonucci, a longtime Tahoe resident and engineer. “So over time, what happens is the body decomposes as it normally would, and all you’re left with is fillings, body piercings and joint replacements.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ocregister.com/2016/12/10/lake-tahoe-underwater-explorers-find-old-boats-and-ancient-trees-but-no-mobster-bodies/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">group of divers with the Undersea Voyager Project\u003c/a> spent a month exploring the depths of Lake Tahoe. While they did find 2,000-year-old trees, sunken boats and undocumented species — they did not find any bodies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I know I’ll be swimming a little easier the next time I’m in Lake Tahoe.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What is the history behind Tahoe Tessie?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>– Allison Savage\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tahoe Tessie is Lake Tahoe’s version of the Loch Ness Monster — a mysterious, prehistoric-looking creature of considerable size. Over the years locals and visitors alike have traded stories of supposed sightings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Dave Antonucci points out that the lake is only 3.5 million years old, so anything living in the lake can’t be prehistoric. Still, there might be something to the sightings. He thinks people might be spotting a sturgeon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’ve seen one, it kind of has a prehistoric look to it,” he said. “It’s kind of scaly, with large fins and kind of a dinosaur-looking snout. They grow quite large. They can grow up to 22 feet long, and the conditions in Lake Tahoe are such that they could survive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11777887\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11777887 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/535271520_cf190c3d67_k-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/535271520_cf190c3d67_k-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/535271520_cf190c3d67_k-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/535271520_cf190c3d67_k-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/535271520_cf190c3d67_k-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/535271520_cf190c3d67_k-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/535271520_cf190c3d67_k.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An example of a very large sturgeon. \u003ccite>(Geoff Parsons/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>What would it take to have more frequent and usable Amtrak train service from the Bay Area/Sacramento to Truckee?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>– Anonymous\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We consulted KQED’s resident transit enthusiast \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/danbrekke\">Dan Brekke\u003c/a>, and here’s his response:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, train service from the Bay Area to Truckee is on Amtrak’s California Zephyr. Two trains make the stop each day — one eastbound, one westbound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though the Zephyr is a long-distance train — it runs from Emeryville to Chicago — there’s some evidence that folks in California are using it to get to the Sierra. Zephyr ridership to Truckee has increased about 50 percent over the last five years, according to numbers compiled by the Rail Passengers Association, and the top seven stations for Zephyr riders coming to or leaving Truckee are, in order, Emeryville, Reno, Sacramento, Martinez, Richmond, Roseville and Colfax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But we’re not talking about huge throngs of riders using the Truckee stop. The daily average last year was about 40 people. Now, the question is, what would it take to run more frequent trains?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here’s where I get more non-authoritative: On one level, I’d like to think that all we’d need to do is find a few trains and put them on the rails, and that would be that. But since the rails are privately owned and the service would almost certainly need to be publicly financed, what you’d need, in no particular order, would be: money, an agency to plan and run the service, money, equipment, money, and access to rails. Oh, and money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, all of the above are lacking. The recently adopted California State Rail Plan does raise the question of further service to Truckee — but only as a study to be launched in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s kind of a disappointing answer if you’re a train fan.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Need more? Here’s some additional reading\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our friends at \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/news/tahoeland/\">TahoeLand\u003c/a> answered more listener questions, and have a lot more to offer about how climate change is impacting Lake Tahoe. Here are a few links to check out:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/news/tahoeland/2019/07/25/you-asked-us-about-lake-tahoes-crowded-beaches-lake-monsters-and-more-heres-what-we-found-out/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">What is the water temperature down near the bottom of the Lake?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/news/tahoeland/2019/07/25/you-asked-us-about-lake-tahoes-crowded-beaches-lake-monsters-and-more-heres-what-we-found-out/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Is plastic pollution affecting Tahoe and the Sierra Nevada watershed the way it is affecting marine environments?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/news/tahoeland/2019/07/25/you-asked-us-about-lake-tahoes-crowded-beaches-lake-monsters-and-more-heres-what-we-found-out/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Public beach space is at a premium during Tahoe summers, are there plans for beach expansion?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/news/tahoeland/2019/07/25/you-asked-us-about-lake-tahoes-crowded-beaches-lake-monsters-and-more-heres-what-we-found-out/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Since Nevada has less restriction over water pollution than California regarding the lake, what can be done to control pollution into the lake from Nevada?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/news/tahoeland/2019/08/29/climate-change-is-disrupting-bear-hibernation-in-tahoe-thats-bad-news-for-bears-and-humans/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Climate Change Is Disrupting Bear Hibernation In Tahoe. That’s Bad News For Bears And Humans.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Lake Tahoe is the backyard playground for many in the Bay Area, so earlier this year we asked the Bay Curious audience what questions they had about this recreational hot spot. We collaborated with \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/news/tahoeland/\">TahoeLand\u003c/a>, a podcast from Capital Public Radio, to answer those questions. Let’s get to it!\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Are the depths of Lake Tahoe so deep that the lack of light, oxygen and life stops decay and there are dead bodies (some even human) floating in perfect preservation at these depths?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>– Kasey Jones\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A grisly legend is often repeated about Lake Tahoe. Story goes: The lake was once a place where mobsters would dispose of the bodies of their victims. And because the lake is so deep, and so cold, those bodies are still in perfect condition, floating at the bottom of the lake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thankfully, this legend is false.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The water of Lake Tahoe is alive with microorganisms and larger organisms that feed on dead plant and animal matter,” says Dave Antonucci, a longtime Tahoe resident and engineer. “So over time, what happens is the body decomposes as it normally would, and all you’re left with is fillings, body piercings and joint replacements.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ocregister.com/2016/12/10/lake-tahoe-underwater-explorers-find-old-boats-and-ancient-trees-but-no-mobster-bodies/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">group of divers with the Undersea Voyager Project\u003c/a> spent a month exploring the depths of Lake Tahoe. While they did find 2,000-year-old trees, sunken boats and undocumented species — they did not find any bodies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I know I’ll be swimming a little easier the next time I’m in Lake Tahoe.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What is the history behind Tahoe Tessie?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>– Allison Savage\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tahoe Tessie is Lake Tahoe’s version of the Loch Ness Monster — a mysterious, prehistoric-looking creature of considerable size. Over the years locals and visitors alike have traded stories of supposed sightings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Dave Antonucci points out that the lake is only 3.5 million years old, so anything living in the lake can’t be prehistoric. Still, there might be something to the sightings. He thinks people might be spotting a sturgeon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’ve seen one, it kind of has a prehistoric look to it,” he said. “It’s kind of scaly, with large fins and kind of a dinosaur-looking snout. They grow quite large. They can grow up to 22 feet long, and the conditions in Lake Tahoe are such that they could survive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11777887\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11777887 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/535271520_cf190c3d67_k-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/535271520_cf190c3d67_k-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/535271520_cf190c3d67_k-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/535271520_cf190c3d67_k-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/535271520_cf190c3d67_k-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/535271520_cf190c3d67_k-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/535271520_cf190c3d67_k.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An example of a very large sturgeon. \u003ccite>(Geoff Parsons/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>What would it take to have more frequent and usable Amtrak train service from the Bay Area/Sacramento to Truckee?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>– Anonymous\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We consulted KQED’s resident transit enthusiast \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/danbrekke\">Dan Brekke\u003c/a>, and here’s his response:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, train service from the Bay Area to Truckee is on Amtrak’s California Zephyr. Two trains make the stop each day — one eastbound, one westbound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though the Zephyr is a long-distance train — it runs from Emeryville to Chicago — there’s some evidence that folks in California are using it to get to the Sierra. Zephyr ridership to Truckee has increased about 50 percent over the last five years, according to numbers compiled by the Rail Passengers Association, and the top seven stations for Zephyr riders coming to or leaving Truckee are, in order, Emeryville, Reno, Sacramento, Martinez, Richmond, Roseville and Colfax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But we’re not talking about huge throngs of riders using the Truckee stop. The daily average last year was about 40 people. Now, the question is, what would it take to run more frequent trains?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here’s where I get more non-authoritative: On one level, I’d like to think that all we’d need to do is find a few trains and put them on the rails, and that would be that. But since the rails are privately owned and the service would almost certainly need to be publicly financed, what you’d need, in no particular order, would be: money, an agency to plan and run the service, money, equipment, money, and access to rails. Oh, and money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, all of the above are lacking. The recently adopted California State Rail Plan does raise the question of further service to Truckee — but only as a study to be launched in 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s kind of a disappointing answer if you’re a train fan.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Need more? Here’s some additional reading\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our friends at \u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/news/tahoeland/\">TahoeLand\u003c/a> answered more listener questions, and have a lot more to offer about how climate change is impacting Lake Tahoe. Here are a few links to check out:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/news/tahoeland/2019/07/25/you-asked-us-about-lake-tahoes-crowded-beaches-lake-monsters-and-more-heres-what-we-found-out/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">What is the water temperature down near the bottom of the Lake?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/news/tahoeland/2019/07/25/you-asked-us-about-lake-tahoes-crowded-beaches-lake-monsters-and-more-heres-what-we-found-out/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Is plastic pollution affecting Tahoe and the Sierra Nevada watershed the way it is affecting marine environments?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/news/tahoeland/2019/07/25/you-asked-us-about-lake-tahoes-crowded-beaches-lake-monsters-and-more-heres-what-we-found-out/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Public beach space is at a premium during Tahoe summers, are there plans for beach expansion?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/news/tahoeland/2019/07/25/you-asked-us-about-lake-tahoes-crowded-beaches-lake-monsters-and-more-heres-what-we-found-out/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Since Nevada has less restriction over water pollution than California regarding the lake, what can be done to control pollution into the lake from Nevada?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.capradio.org/news/tahoeland/2019/08/29/climate-change-is-disrupting-bear-hibernation-in-tahoe-thats-bad-news-for-bears-and-humans/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Climate Change Is Disrupting Bear Hibernation In Tahoe. That’s Bad News For Bears And Humans.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Back in the 1960s, San Francisco had really bad television reception. By many accounts, it was the worst of any city in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Good reception required a clear line of sight from the broadcast tower to your TV antenna, and in hilly San Francisco this was a challenge. Broadcasters began the hunt for a location to build a very tall tower that could send a clear TV signal far and wide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A site was selected and plans were drawn up — but not without a bounty of controversy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the full web story: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10564542/sutro-tower-the-origins-of-an-eyesore\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sutro Tower: The Origins of an ‘Eyesore’\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Video from Jessica’s trip to the top: \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/131040168\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Trip to the Top of Sutro Tower\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This episode first aired on Jan. 5, 2017. It features question asker Craig Rubens. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>===\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reported by \u003ca href=\"%E2%80%9Chttps://twitter.com/jessicazyp%22\">Jessica Placzek. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious is made by Olivia Allen-Price, Jessica Placzek, Adam Grossberg and Katie McMurran. Additional support from Julie Caine, Paul Lancour, Suzie Racho, Ethan Lindsey and Patricia Yollin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Theme music by Pat Mesiti-Miller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"%E2%80%9Chttps://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious%E2%80%9D\">Ask us a question\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"%E2%80%9Chttps://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious%E2%80%9D\">vote in a voting round\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"%E2%80%9Chttp://baycurious.org/newsletter%E2%80%9D\">sign up for our newsletter\u003c/a> at \u003ca href=\"%E2%80%9Chttps://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious%E2%80%9D\">BayCurious.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Follow Olivia Allen-Price on Twitter \u003ca href=\"%E2%80%9Chttps://twitter.com/oallenprice%E2%80%9D\">@oallenprice.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Back in the 1960s, San Francisco had really bad television reception. By many accounts, it was the worst of any city in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Good reception required a clear line of sight from the broadcast tower to your TV antenna, and in hilly San Francisco this was a challenge. Broadcasters began the hunt for a location to build a very tall tower that could send a clear TV signal far and wide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A site was selected and plans were drawn up — but not without a bounty of controversy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the full web story: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10564542/sutro-tower-the-origins-of-an-eyesore\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sutro Tower: The Origins of an ‘Eyesore’\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Video from Jessica’s trip to the top: \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/131040168\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Trip to the Top of Sutro Tower\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This episode first aired on Jan. 5, 2017. It features question asker Craig Rubens. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>===\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reported by \u003ca href=\"%E2%80%9Chttps://twitter.com/jessicazyp%22\">Jessica Placzek. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious is made by Olivia Allen-Price, Jessica Placzek, Adam Grossberg and Katie McMurran. Additional support from Julie Caine, Paul Lancour, Suzie Racho, Ethan Lindsey and Patricia Yollin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Theme music by Pat Mesiti-Miller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"%E2%80%9Chttps://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious%E2%80%9D\">Ask us a question\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"%E2%80%9Chttps://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious%E2%80%9D\">vote in a voting round\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"%E2%80%9Chttp://baycurious.org/newsletter%E2%80%9D\">sign up for our newsletter\u003c/a> at \u003ca href=\"%E2%80%9Chttps://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious%E2%80%9D\">BayCurious.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Follow Olivia Allen-Price on Twitter \u003ca href=\"%E2%80%9Chttps://twitter.com/oallenprice%E2%80%9D\">@oallenprice.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>If you’re in Berkeley and wander far enough up Marin Avenue, there’s no doubt you’ll run into the Fountain at The Circle. The grand Beaux Arts fountain has become a symbol of the neighborhood and has inspired numerous paintings and drawings. It even has its own Berkeley Public Library card design.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes I take two turns around The Circle just because it looks so cool,” says Charlie Wilson, a landscape architect and member of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.friendsofthefountainandwalk.org/\">Friends of the Fountain and Walk\u003c/a>, a nonprofit tasked with caring for the fountain, as well as the balustrade that surrounds The Circle, which is located at the foot of the Berkeley Hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you take your eyes off the fountain and bring your attention to the traffic circle, which sees 30,000 cars swerve around it each day, you might notice a particular theme to The Circle’s connecting streets: Most are named after California counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have Marin, Los Angeles, Del Norte, Mendocino,” says Wilson. Nearby you’ll find Merced Street, Solano Avenue, Santa Barbara Road and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These street names hint at the stately history behind this roundabout — and how one developer’s dream almost changed California history forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Boom Times for Berkeley\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The story of this Berkeley circle starts at the turn of the 20th century. When Berkeley transitioned from open grasslands and rolling hillsides to a boom town. Between 1900 and 1910, Berkeley’s population \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareacensus.ca.gov/cities/Berkeley40.htm\">more than tripled,\u003c/a> growing from 13,214 to 40,434.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A big chunk of it were people [resettling after the] earthquake, but also the university was growing very rapidly, and maybe most dramatically of all: a big electric trolley system was being created in Berkeley,” says Chuck Wollenberg, a board member of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyhistoricalsociety.org/\">Berkeley Historical Society\u003c/a>, former professor at Berkeley City College and author of “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520253070/berkeley\">Berkeley: A City in History.\u003c/a>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11771928\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11771928 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/BerkHillsView1912_s-700x587.jpg\" alt=\"A view of the Berkeley Hills in 1912.\" width=\"700\" height=\"587\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/BerkHillsView1912_s-700x587.jpg 700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/BerkHillsView1912_s-700x587-160x134.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of the Berkeley Hills in 1912. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Friends of the Fountain and Walk)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With a growing population, demand grew for new housing. Enter Louis Titus, head of the Berkeley Development Company. He helped develop a good portion of Berkeley and owned about 1,000 acres of land in or near the Berkeley Hills, including where The Circle sits today.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A Case for the Capital\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Titus had something special in mind for his land. He announced his proposal at a Chamber of Commerce meeting on Feb. 18, 1907, and according to the Berkeley Gazette, it created quite a stir:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A bombshell exploded in town hall last night, the echo of which is today resounding throughout the entire state, when the proposition to move the state capital from Sacramento to Berkeley was proposed amid a scene of the greatest enthusiasm Berkeley ever witnessed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Titus offered to donate 40 acres of land as the California State Capitol site, right next to where The Fountain at The Circle stands today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11771929\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 565px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11771929 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Capitol-Site-Map.png\" alt=\"A map of the potential capitol site.\" width=\"565\" height=\"416\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Capitol-Site-Map.png 565w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Capitol-Site-Map-160x118.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 565px) 100vw, 565px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A map of the potential Capitol site. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the Berkeley Historical Society)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Besides profiting the city and the developers tremendously, Wollenberg says supporters wanted to bring the capital down to the Bay Area, “where the action was.” \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareacensus.ca.gov/historical/copop18602000.htm\">In 1900 about 45 percent of California’s population lived in the Bay Area\u003c/a>. A flyer titled “Ten Reasons Why the Capital of the State Should be Moved to Berkeley” suggested that Sacramento was too far removed from the citizens and businesses of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislators might have been open to the idea because their current building in Sacramento was becoming cramped and needed extensive repairs. Not to mention, Sacramento was uncomfortably hot in the summer compared to Berkeley’s more temperate climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, some preferred that Berkeley was a dry city. Sacramento had a \u003cem>lively\u003c/em> saloon scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So the legislators would be much more likely to do their duty,” says Trish Hawthorne a longtime Berkeley resident and author of the essay “Almost the State Capital” as featured in “Exactly Opposite the Golden Gate: Essays on Berkeley’s History.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11771930 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Scan-12-e1567552359160-800x814.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"814\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Scan-12-e1567552359160-800x814.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Scan-12-e1567552359160-160x163.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Scan-12-e1567552359160-1020x1038.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Scan-12-e1567552359160.jpeg 1111w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Things moved pretty quickly after the initial proposal. Within days it was voted on and approved locally, and the legislators were invited down from Sacramento to look at the proposed site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a plea for anyone who had an automobile to bring it so that the Legislature could be driven up to the Capitol site,” says Hawthorne. “So you can imagine what a small town this was, that every car that was available would be used.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It must have worked because by early March 1907, the State Senate, Assembly and the governor approved the proposal, placing a Capital Removal Measure on the ballot for the next general election in November 1908.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, Titus helped develop the Berkeley Hills, and The Circle was built in 1907. Hawthorne says the streets coming off The Circle were named after California counties to garner support from the rest of the state. Maybe if your county got a street, you’d vote for the move.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>From Dream to Downturn\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Before Californians could vote in 1908, there was an economic slump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a big boom after the earthquake, but then there was also not exactly a crash, but a recession, because so much building had been done and so much capital expended,” says Hawthorne. “Things weren’t looking as good by November of 1908.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a national scale, the \u003ca href=\"https://insight.kellogg.northwestern.edu/article/why-the-panic-of-1907-led-to-a-recession\">Panic of 1907\u003c/a> had set in, and with the following recession Californians might have been even less excited to spend money on a costly move to a new capital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure lost by a wide margin. It passed only in Alameda, San Francisco and Santa Clara counties. Hawthorne says citizens in the Los Angeles and Sacramento areas probably worked against the measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while a dry capital was an advantage for some, it wasn’t well received by some of the Legislature and the liquor lobbyists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea was, well, if you’re gonna have a legislature, you needed a good bar scene,” says Wollenberg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawthorne adds that some people were suspicious this was nothing more than a ploy to drum up business for Titus and other developers. Whatever the case, Californians voted not to move their capital in 1908.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Better Off for Berkeley?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The history of the Bay Area probably would have taken a different course if Berkeley had become a capital city. Wollenberg suggests a closer capital could have impacted the conflict between Gov. Ronald Reagan and the political activists at UC Berkeley in the 1960s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If that contest, instead of being 70 or 80 miles away, was a mile and a half away … it would have changed the environment of that era tremendously,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawthorne adds that the culture would have been different if both the capital and the university had shared Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would have a much more institutional feel overall,” she says. “So I’m glad it didn’t happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11771931\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11771931 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/1912_Ftn_Streetcar-20b-700x452.jpg\" alt=\"A 1912 picutre of the fountain.\" width=\"700\" height=\"452\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/1912_Ftn_Streetcar-20b-700x452.jpg 700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/1912_Ftn_Streetcar-20b-700x452-160x103.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A 1912 picture of the fountain. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Friends of the Fountain and Walk)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>A Future With the Fountain\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Though a Capitol building was never built, The Circle and its streets remained, and in 1911 the fountain was built at its center, three years after the vote failed. The fountain was used to publicize the new Northbrae development and \u003ca href=\"http://www.friendsofthefountainandwalk.org/wp-content/uploads/1911-Oct-7-Berkeley-Daily-Gazette.pdf\">advertised as Berkeley’s first public work of art\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fountain and circle were designed by John Galen Howard. He was one of the main architects of the UC Berkeley campus that we see today, designing the Campanile and Sather Gate. Those cute little grizzly bear cubs were sculpted by Arthur Putnam. His sculpted sphinxes stand guard outside the de Young Museum and his \u003ca href=\"https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/11826\">Snarling Jaguar\u003c/a> is featured in the Metropolitan Museum of Art.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we’re lucky that they decided to go ahead with the fountain, because the whole circle and the fountain are a wonderful way to connect all those streets,” says Hawthorne. “But secondly, it’s a reminder of a way to find the past in the present with something we live with every day and enjoy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, those cute grizzly cubs we see today aren’t the originals. \u003ca href=\"http://www.friendsofthefountainandwalk.org/wp-content/uploads/BerkeleyDailyGazette_18Oct1957.pdf\">In 1957 the fountain was destroyed\u003c/a> by a runaway roofing truck. It was rebuilt in 1993, bringing together the Friends of the Fountain and Walk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today members like Wilson help the city maintain The Circle, decorate it for the holidays and educate the public on its history. And there’s one thing he wants you to know: “Please tell people not to soap the fountain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What may seem like a harmless bunch of bubbles can mean real trouble for fountain owners. Most fountains need to be drained and cleaned, sometimes multiple times, to get out every last sud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like funny for five seconds and then it’s a maintenance problem for us,” says Wilson.\u003cbr>\n[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "The State Capitol Almost Moved to Berkeley and All It Got Was This Sweet Bear Fountain | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If you’re in Berkeley and wander far enough up Marin Avenue, there’s no doubt you’ll run into the Fountain at The Circle. The grand Beaux Arts fountain has become a symbol of the neighborhood and has inspired numerous paintings and drawings. It even has its own Berkeley Public Library card design.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes I take two turns around The Circle just because it looks so cool,” says Charlie Wilson, a landscape architect and member of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.friendsofthefountainandwalk.org/\">Friends of the Fountain and Walk\u003c/a>, a nonprofit tasked with caring for the fountain, as well as the balustrade that surrounds The Circle, which is located at the foot of the Berkeley Hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you take your eyes off the fountain and bring your attention to the traffic circle, which sees 30,000 cars swerve around it each day, you might notice a particular theme to The Circle’s connecting streets: Most are named after California counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have Marin, Los Angeles, Del Norte, Mendocino,” says Wilson. Nearby you’ll find Merced Street, Solano Avenue, Santa Barbara Road and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These street names hint at the stately history behind this roundabout — and how one developer’s dream almost changed California history forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Boom Times for Berkeley\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The story of this Berkeley circle starts at the turn of the 20th century. When Berkeley transitioned from open grasslands and rolling hillsides to a boom town. Between 1900 and 1910, Berkeley’s population \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareacensus.ca.gov/cities/Berkeley40.htm\">more than tripled,\u003c/a> growing from 13,214 to 40,434.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A big chunk of it were people [resettling after the] earthquake, but also the university was growing very rapidly, and maybe most dramatically of all: a big electric trolley system was being created in Berkeley,” says Chuck Wollenberg, a board member of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyhistoricalsociety.org/\">Berkeley Historical Society\u003c/a>, former professor at Berkeley City College and author of “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520253070/berkeley\">Berkeley: A City in History.\u003c/a>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11771928\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11771928 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/BerkHillsView1912_s-700x587.jpg\" alt=\"A view of the Berkeley Hills in 1912.\" width=\"700\" height=\"587\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/BerkHillsView1912_s-700x587.jpg 700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/BerkHillsView1912_s-700x587-160x134.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of the Berkeley Hills in 1912. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Friends of the Fountain and Walk)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With a growing population, demand grew for new housing. Enter Louis Titus, head of the Berkeley Development Company. He helped develop a good portion of Berkeley and owned about 1,000 acres of land in or near the Berkeley Hills, including where The Circle sits today.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A Case for the Capital\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Titus had something special in mind for his land. He announced his proposal at a Chamber of Commerce meeting on Feb. 18, 1907, and according to the Berkeley Gazette, it created quite a stir:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A bombshell exploded in town hall last night, the echo of which is today resounding throughout the entire state, when the proposition to move the state capital from Sacramento to Berkeley was proposed amid a scene of the greatest enthusiasm Berkeley ever witnessed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Titus offered to donate 40 acres of land as the California State Capitol site, right next to where The Fountain at The Circle stands today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11771929\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 565px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11771929 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Capitol-Site-Map.png\" alt=\"A map of the potential capitol site.\" width=\"565\" height=\"416\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Capitol-Site-Map.png 565w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Capitol-Site-Map-160x118.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 565px) 100vw, 565px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A map of the potential Capitol site. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the Berkeley Historical Society)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Besides profiting the city and the developers tremendously, Wollenberg says supporters wanted to bring the capital down to the Bay Area, “where the action was.” \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareacensus.ca.gov/historical/copop18602000.htm\">In 1900 about 45 percent of California’s population lived in the Bay Area\u003c/a>. A flyer titled “Ten Reasons Why the Capital of the State Should be Moved to Berkeley” suggested that Sacramento was too far removed from the citizens and businesses of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislators might have been open to the idea because their current building in Sacramento was becoming cramped and needed extensive repairs. Not to mention, Sacramento was uncomfortably hot in the summer compared to Berkeley’s more temperate climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, some preferred that Berkeley was a dry city. Sacramento had a \u003cem>lively\u003c/em> saloon scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So the legislators would be much more likely to do their duty,” says Trish Hawthorne a longtime Berkeley resident and author of the essay “Almost the State Capital” as featured in “Exactly Opposite the Golden Gate: Essays on Berkeley’s History.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11771930 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Scan-12-e1567552359160-800x814.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"814\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Scan-12-e1567552359160-800x814.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Scan-12-e1567552359160-160x163.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Scan-12-e1567552359160-1020x1038.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/Scan-12-e1567552359160.jpeg 1111w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Things moved pretty quickly after the initial proposal. Within days it was voted on and approved locally, and the legislators were invited down from Sacramento to look at the proposed site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a plea for anyone who had an automobile to bring it so that the Legislature could be driven up to the Capitol site,” says Hawthorne. “So you can imagine what a small town this was, that every car that was available would be used.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It must have worked because by early March 1907, the State Senate, Assembly and the governor approved the proposal, placing a Capital Removal Measure on the ballot for the next general election in November 1908.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, Titus helped develop the Berkeley Hills, and The Circle was built in 1907. Hawthorne says the streets coming off The Circle were named after California counties to garner support from the rest of the state. Maybe if your county got a street, you’d vote for the move.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>From Dream to Downturn\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Before Californians could vote in 1908, there was an economic slump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a big boom after the earthquake, but then there was also not exactly a crash, but a recession, because so much building had been done and so much capital expended,” says Hawthorne. “Things weren’t looking as good by November of 1908.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a national scale, the \u003ca href=\"https://insight.kellogg.northwestern.edu/article/why-the-panic-of-1907-led-to-a-recession\">Panic of 1907\u003c/a> had set in, and with the following recession Californians might have been even less excited to spend money on a costly move to a new capital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure lost by a wide margin. It passed only in Alameda, San Francisco and Santa Clara counties. Hawthorne says citizens in the Los Angeles and Sacramento areas probably worked against the measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while a dry capital was an advantage for some, it wasn’t well received by some of the Legislature and the liquor lobbyists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea was, well, if you’re gonna have a legislature, you needed a good bar scene,” says Wollenberg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawthorne adds that some people were suspicious this was nothing more than a ploy to drum up business for Titus and other developers. Whatever the case, Californians voted not to move their capital in 1908.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Better Off for Berkeley?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The history of the Bay Area probably would have taken a different course if Berkeley had become a capital city. Wollenberg suggests a closer capital could have impacted the conflict between Gov. Ronald Reagan and the political activists at UC Berkeley in the 1960s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If that contest, instead of being 70 or 80 miles away, was a mile and a half away … it would have changed the environment of that era tremendously,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawthorne adds that the culture would have been different if both the capital and the university had shared Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would have a much more institutional feel overall,” she says. “So I’m glad it didn’t happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11771931\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11771931 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/1912_Ftn_Streetcar-20b-700x452.jpg\" alt=\"A 1912 picutre of the fountain.\" width=\"700\" height=\"452\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/1912_Ftn_Streetcar-20b-700x452.jpg 700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/1912_Ftn_Streetcar-20b-700x452-160x103.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A 1912 picture of the fountain. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Friends of the Fountain and Walk)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>A Future With the Fountain\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Though a Capitol building was never built, The Circle and its streets remained, and in 1911 the fountain was built at its center, three years after the vote failed. The fountain was used to publicize the new Northbrae development and \u003ca href=\"http://www.friendsofthefountainandwalk.org/wp-content/uploads/1911-Oct-7-Berkeley-Daily-Gazette.pdf\">advertised as Berkeley’s first public work of art\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fountain and circle were designed by John Galen Howard. He was one of the main architects of the UC Berkeley campus that we see today, designing the Campanile and Sather Gate. Those cute little grizzly bear cubs were sculpted by Arthur Putnam. His sculpted sphinxes stand guard outside the de Young Museum and his \u003ca href=\"https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/11826\">Snarling Jaguar\u003c/a> is featured in the Metropolitan Museum of Art.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we’re lucky that they decided to go ahead with the fountain, because the whole circle and the fountain are a wonderful way to connect all those streets,” says Hawthorne. “But secondly, it’s a reminder of a way to find the past in the present with something we live with every day and enjoy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, those cute grizzly cubs we see today aren’t the originals. \u003ca href=\"http://www.friendsofthefountainandwalk.org/wp-content/uploads/BerkeleyDailyGazette_18Oct1957.pdf\">In 1957 the fountain was destroyed\u003c/a> by a runaway roofing truck. It was rebuilt in 1993, bringing together the Friends of the Fountain and Walk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today members like Wilson help the city maintain The Circle, decorate it for the holidays and educate the public on its history. And there’s one thing he wants you to know: “Please tell people not to soap the fountain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What may seem like a harmless bunch of bubbles can mean real trouble for fountain owners. Most fountains need to be drained and cleaned, sometimes multiple times, to get out every last sud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like funny for five seconds and then it’s a maintenance problem for us,” says Wilson.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>It might seem like everyone thinks their local airport is the worst of them all: the longest security lines, the worst food, the most delays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But we in the Bay Area have good reason to complain. According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bts.gov/\">Bureau of Transportation Statistics\u003c/a>, in 2018 \u003ca href=\"https://www.bts.gov/node/224131\">SFO was the third-most-delayed major airport in the U.S. in terms of arrivals\u003c/a>, with about 26 percent of arriving flights delayed. And that’s not unique to last year. Since 2010, SFO has consistently ranked in the top four of the most delayed airports, some years dipping as low as 69 percent of flights arriving on time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what is it about SFO? It all boils down to three things: fog, runways and air traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Curse you, Karl!\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>While San Francisco might not have blizzards or hurricanes, it turns out a little bit of fog can go a long way to hinder operations at SFO.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On a clear day, aircraft at SFO can land side by side, because the two pilots on each aircraft are able to look out the window, see each other and maintain separation,” says SFO spokesman Doug Yakel. “The problem is when it becomes foggy, and those two aircraft can no longer see one another.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When pilots can’t visually maintain distance from other planes, they must rely on instruments. According to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), aircraft must maintain a distance of 4,300 feet when landing side by side in periods of low visibility. However, the two runways primarily used for landings at SFO are only 750 feet apart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11772413\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11772413 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS3592_IMG_4264-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A scenic view of SFO.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A scenic view of SFO. \u003ccite>(Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So when it’s too foggy, aircraft can’t land side by side at SFO anymore. Instead of landing 60 planes in 60 minutes, like SFO can do on a clear day, they can land about half that number.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FAA also employs a\u003ca href=\"https://www.fly.faa.gov/Products/AIS_ORIGINAL/shortmessage.html\"> Ground Delay Program,\u003c/a> where flights destined for SFO are held at their originating airports until they are given clearance to take off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Think about metering lights going on to a bridge, for example, where you need to meter the traffic that’s going into that area, because there’s more demand than there is space,” says Yakel. “That’s essentially what happens in bad weather at SFO.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFO’s runways were built so close together because they were constructed in the 1940s, when there was much less air traffic. As air travel has become more popular, the distance between runways has made weather more of a limiting factor.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Busiest in the Bay\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The fog doesn’t delay planes at other local airports nearly as much. In 2018, San Jose International Airport’s (SJC) arrivals were 82 percent on time, while those at Oakland International Airport were 81 percent on time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFO is the seventh-busiest airport in the United States, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bts.gov/airport-rankings-2018\">boarding almost 28 million passengers\u003c/a>. According to Yakel, two-thirds of the Bay Area’s air traffic goes through SFO, with OAK and SJC essentially splitting the remaining third.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If SFO had the same level of flight activity as [the Oakland or San Jose airports], weather probably won’t be as much of a factor,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Deal with Departures\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>While Yakel says fog doesn’t directly affect departures, its effect on arrivals does trickle down. At the very beginning of the day, all of the planes departing SFO have been kept there overnight. So even if it’s foggy, their departures shouldn’t be affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for the rest of the day, most departing planes depend on an arriving plane, so it can load up passengers and head to the next destination. If the arriving flight is delayed, perhaps by fog, then the departing flight will be delayed as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Improvements on the Horizon\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Yakel says that SFO is working with the FAA to address the delays and they are already seeing improvements. On low-visibility days SFO could once land only 27 planes per hour. Recently they’ve gotten that number into the high 30s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Twenty years ago it would have taken additional runways,” he says. “In the years to come, technology is going to address this issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FAA has been\u003ca href=\"https://www.faa.gov/nextgen/\"> overhauling the nation’s air transportation system\u003c/a> in an attempt to make air travel more efficient and precise.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Fun Facts\u003c/h3>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Consider doing carry-on when flying American Airlines. It currently rakes in \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bts.gov/node/221236\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the most revenue from baggage fees\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and has one of the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.transportation.gov/sites/dot.gov/files/docs/resources/individuals/aviation-consumer-protection/346301/august-2019-atcrr.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">highest rates of mishandled baggage.\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trying to be on time? You might not want to fly Frontier Airlines. It was\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.transtats.bts.gov/Oneway.asp?Display_Flag=0&Percent_Flag=0\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the most delayed airline in 2018\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The busiest airport in the world is \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta Airport (ATL), \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://aci.aero/news/2019/03/13/preliminary-world-airport-traffic-rankings-released/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">handling over 107 million passengers\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "In 2018 SFO was the third-most-delayed major airport in the U.S. in terms of arrivals. Find out if Karl the Fog has anything to do with it.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It might seem like everyone thinks their local airport is the worst of them all: the longest security lines, the worst food, the most delays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But we in the Bay Area have good reason to complain. According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bts.gov/\">Bureau of Transportation Statistics\u003c/a>, in 2018 \u003ca href=\"https://www.bts.gov/node/224131\">SFO was the third-most-delayed major airport in the U.S. in terms of arrivals\u003c/a>, with about 26 percent of arriving flights delayed. And that’s not unique to last year. Since 2010, SFO has consistently ranked in the top four of the most delayed airports, some years dipping as low as 69 percent of flights arriving on time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what is it about SFO? It all boils down to three things: fog, runways and air traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Curse you, Karl!\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>While San Francisco might not have blizzards or hurricanes, it turns out a little bit of fog can go a long way to hinder operations at SFO.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On a clear day, aircraft at SFO can land side by side, because the two pilots on each aircraft are able to look out the window, see each other and maintain separation,” says SFO spokesman Doug Yakel. “The problem is when it becomes foggy, and those two aircraft can no longer see one another.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When pilots can’t visually maintain distance from other planes, they must rely on instruments. According to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), aircraft must maintain a distance of 4,300 feet when landing side by side in periods of low visibility. However, the two runways primarily used for landings at SFO are only 750 feet apart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11772413\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11772413 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS3592_IMG_4264-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A scenic view of SFO.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A scenic view of SFO. \u003ccite>(Molly Samuel/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So when it’s too foggy, aircraft can’t land side by side at SFO anymore. Instead of landing 60 planes in 60 minutes, like SFO can do on a clear day, they can land about half that number.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FAA also employs a\u003ca href=\"https://www.fly.faa.gov/Products/AIS_ORIGINAL/shortmessage.html\"> Ground Delay Program,\u003c/a> where flights destined for SFO are held at their originating airports until they are given clearance to take off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Think about metering lights going on to a bridge, for example, where you need to meter the traffic that’s going into that area, because there’s more demand than there is space,” says Yakel. “That’s essentially what happens in bad weather at SFO.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFO’s runways were built so close together because they were constructed in the 1940s, when there was much less air traffic. As air travel has become more popular, the distance between runways has made weather more of a limiting factor.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Busiest in the Bay\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The fog doesn’t delay planes at other local airports nearly as much. In 2018, San Jose International Airport’s (SJC) arrivals were 82 percent on time, while those at Oakland International Airport were 81 percent on time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFO is the seventh-busiest airport in the United States, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bts.gov/airport-rankings-2018\">boarding almost 28 million passengers\u003c/a>. According to Yakel, two-thirds of the Bay Area’s air traffic goes through SFO, with OAK and SJC essentially splitting the remaining third.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If SFO had the same level of flight activity as [the Oakland or San Jose airports], weather probably won’t be as much of a factor,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Deal with Departures\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>While Yakel says fog doesn’t directly affect departures, its effect on arrivals does trickle down. At the very beginning of the day, all of the planes departing SFO have been kept there overnight. So even if it’s foggy, their departures shouldn’t be affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for the rest of the day, most departing planes depend on an arriving plane, so it can load up passengers and head to the next destination. If the arriving flight is delayed, perhaps by fog, then the departing flight will be delayed as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Improvements on the Horizon\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Yakel says that SFO is working with the FAA to address the delays and they are already seeing improvements. On low-visibility days SFO could once land only 27 planes per hour. Recently they’ve gotten that number into the high 30s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Twenty years ago it would have taken additional runways,” he says. “In the years to come, technology is going to address this issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FAA has been\u003ca href=\"https://www.faa.gov/nextgen/\"> overhauling the nation’s air transportation system\u003c/a> in an attempt to make air travel more efficient and precise.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Fun Facts\u003c/h3>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Consider doing carry-on when flying American Airlines. It currently rakes in \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bts.gov/node/221236\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the most revenue from baggage fees\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and has one of the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.transportation.gov/sites/dot.gov/files/docs/resources/individuals/aviation-consumer-protection/346301/august-2019-atcrr.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">highest rates of mishandled baggage.\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trying to be on time? You might not want to fly Frontier Airlines. It was\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.transtats.bts.gov/Oneway.asp?Display_Flag=0&Percent_Flag=0\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the most delayed airline in 2018\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The busiest airport in the world is \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta Airport (ATL), \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://aci.aero/news/2019/03/13/preliminary-world-airport-traffic-rankings-released/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">handling over 107 million passengers\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "How the Bay Area Came to be a Hub for Casual Style",
"headTitle": "How the Bay Area Came to be a Hub for Casual Style | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]O[/dropcap]n a recent visit to San Francisco’s War Memorial Opera House, KQED listener Michelle Morby didn’t like what she saw. In the middle of the champagne-sipping, pre-performance throng, she spotted someone wearing \u003cem>jeans\u003c/em> and \u003cem>white sneakers\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That to me is completely offensive,” Morby said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morby is someone who likes to dress up when she goes out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I got a ticket to the opera tonight, I would pull out a silk jumpsuit. I would wear it with the tallest platform sandals that I have. And I would do my makeup, and I would wear all my jewelry,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like beauty, fashion is very much in the eye of the beholder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the fashion faux pas prompted Morby to ask Bay Curious the question, “Why has the Bay Area become the Casual Capital of the World?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sneakers and jeans at the opera. Yoga pants all day long. Hoodies and puffy vests. The list goes on,” she added. “Don’t say it’s the weather.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re thinking, “It’s not the weather. It’s Mark Zuckerberg with his hoodies and sneakers, and Steve Jobs’ monochrome T-shirts and jeans,” you should definitely read on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s certainly true that Bay Area patrons of high-end arts events like the opera and ballet — as well as fancy restaurants and other places where you might traditionally dress up a bit — are increasingly dressing down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opera singer\u003ca href=\"https://jnaibridgesmezzo.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> J’Nai Bridges\u003c/a>, who recently portrayed “\u003ca href=\"https://sfopera.com/1819season/carmen/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Carmen” at the San Francisco Opera\u003c/a>, said she’s noticed Bay Area audiences tend to wear more casual clothes on a night out, compared to some other places, notably big cities in Europe and on the East Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763831\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11763831 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/T8A9920_test-800x548.jpg\" alt=\"J'Nai Bridges as Carmen at San Francisco Opera.\" width=\"800\" height=\"548\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/T8A9920_test-800x548.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/T8A9920_test-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/T8A9920_test-1020x699.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/T8A9920_test.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">J’Nai Bridges as “Carmen” at the San Francisco Opera. \u003ccite>(Cory Weaver/San Francisco Opera)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“In New York, for instance, where I live, it’s the polar opposite,” said Bridges. “People wear gowns, tuxes and really funky couture things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bridges is glad to see people coming to the opera, no matter what they’re wearing, but she personally wishes they’d put a little more effort into their appearance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Maybe I feel like that because, as a performer, we give so much of ourselves,” the opera singer said. “And it’s maybe a respect thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Bay Area isn’t the only place where leisurewear rules. Any number of cities could vie for the title of casual capital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The casual capital of the world appears to be Salt Lake City, Utah,” \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tan_France\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tan France\u003c/a>, the fashion expert for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.netflix.com/title/80160037\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Netflix series “Queer Eye,”\u003c/a> told KQED shortly after appearing on KQED Forum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763695\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 590px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11763695 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/tan-and-emmanuel.jpg\" alt=\"Tan France of 'Queer Eye' poses with Emmanuel Hapsis, host of KQED's 'The Cooler' podcast.\" width=\"590\" height=\"443\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/tan-and-emmanuel.jpg 590w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/tan-and-emmanuel-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/tan-and-emmanuel-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 590px) 100vw, 590px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tan France, left, of ‘Queer Eye’ poses with Emmanuel Hapsis, host of KQED’s ‘The Cooler’ podcast. \u003ccite>(KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>France is British by birth, lives in Salt Lake City, and thinks the Bay Area is much more dressy than Utah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People wear heels and stuff, which is quite surprising,” France said. “You’ve got hills. Why is anyone in a heel?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other places around the U.S. that could equally be considered for the title might be Denver, Austin, Portland and Milwaukee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But going with the premise that casual style is a key part of how people dress in the Bay Area today, a complex picture of how and why that came to be emerges.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The History of Casual in the Bay\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763833\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11763833 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Fashion historian Melissa Leventon shows off a pair of shoes from her historic shoe collection at her home in San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-1122x1496.jpg 1122w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-840x1120.jpg 840w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-687x916.jpg 687w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-414x552.jpg 414w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-354x472.jpg 354w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fashion historian Melissa Leventon shows off a pair of shoes from her historic shoe collection at her home in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San Francisco-based fashion historian \u003ca href=\"https://portal.cca.edu/people/mleventon/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Melissa Leventon\u003c/a> said the rise of casual wear in the Bay Area is part of the overall fashion story of California, having to do with economics, Hollywood, immigration patterns and the rise of modern design in the middle of the century in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Leventon, the San Francisco clothing industry was split in the late 1800s and well into the 1900s. On the one hand, San Francisco really was a dress-up town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San Francisco was actually a city that kind of prided itself on its elegance,” Leventon said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People wore gloves and hats to run errands, and there were catwalk shows in San Francisco’s Union Square.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leventon said San Francisco was home to some highly sought-after fashion labels. Like \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lilli_Ann\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lilli Ann\u003c/a>, founded in the city in the 1930s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The company made beautifully tailored suits, cocktail dresses, evening dresses,” Leventon said. “They made the kind of elegant wear that well-to-do, well-dressed San Franciscans would wear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even working-class San Franciscans who didn’t have lots of spare cash to throw around on fancy duds dressed up in a bid to project a sense of propriety and economic self-improvement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Union Square, SF Fashion Show (ca.1950s)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/KuubsgP3eTE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there is the other side of San Francisco’s nascent clothing industry — the side focused on making hardy workwear for people like miners and railroad engineers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That side centered around \u003ca href=\"https://www.levi.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Levi’s\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Levi’s is very important and certainly one thing that San Francisco has contributed to the general move to casualness, not only here but everywhere,” Leventon said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Founded in San Francisco in 1853, Levi’s gradually became hugely influential after inventing the first denim jeans in the 1870s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levi’s was a game changer, especially starting in the 1930s, when the company began marketing its jeans not just as workwear, but also as leisurewear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teenagers became a target market after World War II, and Hollywood helped spread the word.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Two movies helped popularize jeans,” Leventon said. “‘Rebel Without a Cause’ and ‘The Wild One.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In these movies, James Dean and Marlon Brando \u003cem>smoldered\u003c/em> in denim. Everyone wanted the look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California also became home to some talented architects and designers who had fled Nazi Europe, like Rudi Gernreich, who emigrated from Austria in 1938.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763835\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 220px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11763835\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Rudi_Gernreich.jpg\" alt=\"Rudi Gernreich\" width=\"220\" height=\"318\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Rudi_Gernreich.jpg 220w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Rudi_Gernreich-160x231.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rudi Gernreich \u003ccite>(Philadelphia City Paper)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“He did some really groundbreaking designs in the 1950s,” Leventon said. “He was a pioneer of unisex fashions. His clothes were streamlined, youthful and accessible to a wide range of consumers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The free-wheeling styles of designers like Gernreich went hand in hand with other global California exports, like Beat, Black Panther and hippie culture, and Hollywood surf movies. All of this stuff fed a movement in the media and advertising that projected a sense of the Golden State as a place of permissiveness, comfort and ease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea of California as a place where you could get back to nature,” Leventon said. “Nobody’s dressing up and going to the office. You’re putting on your bathing suit and maybe a pair of shorts and a tank top on top of that, and going out to the pool.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That idea persists today. You can see a version of it in the yoga pants that many people wear about town. And of course, there’s the jeans, T-shirts, hoodies and sneakers popular with those working in the tech and entertainment industries — two stereotypical looks associated with The Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So it’s not surprising that quite a few major leisure fashion brands beyond Levi’s have their roots here. \u003ca href=\"http://gap.com\">The Gap\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.esprit.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Esprit\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://oldnavy.gap.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Old Navy\u003c/a>, (which is owned by Gap), not to mention newer ones like \u003ca href=\"https://www.everlane.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Everlane\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.allbirds.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Allbirds\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://rothys.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rothy’s,\u003c/a> are based in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of these brands, especially the ones that have been around for a while, have fed into the idea of the Bay Area as being a home for casual style.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Our Diverse Fashion Sense\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When it comes down to it, you really can’t put Bay Area style in a box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think there’s a lot of diversity here if you open your eyes instead of your mouth,” said Tony Bravo, the San Francisco Chronicle’s fashion reporter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He recently took to the streets of downtown San Francisco with KQED to scope out what locals and tourists were wearing. He was casually dressed in baggy jeans, a jacket covered in bright geometric shapes, and a resplendent pair of Converse high-tops festooned in gold and silver glitter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763639\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11763639 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Tony Bravo, Man about Town and the San Francisco Chronicles Fashion Reporter lounges in the backroom at The Cavalier in San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tony Bravo, man about town and the San Francisco Chronicle’s fashion reporter, lounges in the backroom at The Cavalier in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The thing about walking around San Francisco is, there’s always something for the eye,” Bravo said. “It may not be that Balenciaga ball gown or a perfect three-piece suit. But there might be a great color story. There might just be an impeccably cut piece of outerwear. A great shoe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All kinds of exotic details catch Bravo’s eye around Union Square, from a teen dressed in a black tulle ballet skirt, a pair of leggings and a pink sequined hoodie, to an older person in cropped balloon pants, a big sun hat and a bright yellow top. “I think she looks a little bit like a Van Gogh painting,” Bravo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were, of course, lots of jeans and sneakers. But people clearly expressed themselves with their clothes, whether dressed casually or formally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re a great, progressive, sometimes libertine city, and I think that’s reflected in what we wear,” Bravo said. “It’s high, it’s low, it’s simple, it’s extravagant. It is so many things. It is perhaps too many things to categorize.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Show us your style! Share a photo of your Bay Area style on Instagram or Twitter using the hashtag \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/explore/tags/mybayareastyle/\">#mybayareastyle\u003c/a>. We’ll feature some of our favorites on KQED’s social media channels, and in the October \u003ca href=\"http://baycurious.org/newsletter\">Bay Curious newsletter\u003c/a>. Whether you’re in jeans and a T-shirt or an avant-garde creation — we want to celebrate it all! For extra credit, tell us why you love what you’re wearing. Tag your photos by Sept. 20, 2019.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">O\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>n a recent visit to San Francisco’s War Memorial Opera House, KQED listener Michelle Morby didn’t like what she saw. In the middle of the champagne-sipping, pre-performance throng, she spotted someone wearing \u003cem>jeans\u003c/em> and \u003cem>white sneakers\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That to me is completely offensive,” Morby said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morby is someone who likes to dress up when she goes out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I got a ticket to the opera tonight, I would pull out a silk jumpsuit. I would wear it with the tallest platform sandals that I have. And I would do my makeup, and I would wear all my jewelry,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like beauty, fashion is very much in the eye of the beholder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the fashion faux pas prompted Morby to ask Bay Curious the question, “Why has the Bay Area become the Casual Capital of the World?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sneakers and jeans at the opera. Yoga pants all day long. Hoodies and puffy vests. The list goes on,” she added. “Don’t say it’s the weather.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re thinking, “It’s not the weather. It’s Mark Zuckerberg with his hoodies and sneakers, and Steve Jobs’ monochrome T-shirts and jeans,” you should definitely read on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s certainly true that Bay Area patrons of high-end arts events like the opera and ballet — as well as fancy restaurants and other places where you might traditionally dress up a bit — are increasingly dressing down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opera singer\u003ca href=\"https://jnaibridgesmezzo.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> J’Nai Bridges\u003c/a>, who recently portrayed “\u003ca href=\"https://sfopera.com/1819season/carmen/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Carmen” at the San Francisco Opera\u003c/a>, said she’s noticed Bay Area audiences tend to wear more casual clothes on a night out, compared to some other places, notably big cities in Europe and on the East Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763831\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11763831 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/T8A9920_test-800x548.jpg\" alt=\"J'Nai Bridges as Carmen at San Francisco Opera.\" width=\"800\" height=\"548\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/T8A9920_test-800x548.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/T8A9920_test-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/T8A9920_test-1020x699.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/T8A9920_test.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">J’Nai Bridges as “Carmen” at the San Francisco Opera. \u003ccite>(Cory Weaver/San Francisco Opera)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“In New York, for instance, where I live, it’s the polar opposite,” said Bridges. “People wear gowns, tuxes and really funky couture things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bridges is glad to see people coming to the opera, no matter what they’re wearing, but she personally wishes they’d put a little more effort into their appearance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Maybe I feel like that because, as a performer, we give so much of ourselves,” the opera singer said. “And it’s maybe a respect thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Bay Area isn’t the only place where leisurewear rules. Any number of cities could vie for the title of casual capital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The casual capital of the world appears to be Salt Lake City, Utah,” \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tan_France\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tan France\u003c/a>, the fashion expert for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.netflix.com/title/80160037\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Netflix series “Queer Eye,”\u003c/a> told KQED shortly after appearing on KQED Forum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763695\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 590px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11763695 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/tan-and-emmanuel.jpg\" alt=\"Tan France of 'Queer Eye' poses with Emmanuel Hapsis, host of KQED's 'The Cooler' podcast.\" width=\"590\" height=\"443\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/tan-and-emmanuel.jpg 590w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/tan-and-emmanuel-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/tan-and-emmanuel-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 590px) 100vw, 590px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tan France, left, of ‘Queer Eye’ poses with Emmanuel Hapsis, host of KQED’s ‘The Cooler’ podcast. \u003ccite>(KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>France is British by birth, lives in Salt Lake City, and thinks the Bay Area is much more dressy than Utah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People wear heels and stuff, which is quite surprising,” France said. “You’ve got hills. Why is anyone in a heel?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other places around the U.S. that could equally be considered for the title might be Denver, Austin, Portland and Milwaukee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But going with the premise that casual style is a key part of how people dress in the Bay Area today, a complex picture of how and why that came to be emerges.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The History of Casual in the Bay\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763833\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11763833 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Fashion historian Melissa Leventon shows off a pair of shoes from her historic shoe collection at her home in San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-1122x1496.jpg 1122w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-840x1120.jpg 840w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-687x916.jpg 687w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-414x552.jpg 414w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474-354x472.jpg 354w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/melissa-leventon-e1564244451474.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fashion historian Melissa Leventon shows off a pair of shoes from her historic shoe collection at her home in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San Francisco-based fashion historian \u003ca href=\"https://portal.cca.edu/people/mleventon/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Melissa Leventon\u003c/a> said the rise of casual wear in the Bay Area is part of the overall fashion story of California, having to do with economics, Hollywood, immigration patterns and the rise of modern design in the middle of the century in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Leventon, the San Francisco clothing industry was split in the late 1800s and well into the 1900s. On the one hand, San Francisco really was a dress-up town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San Francisco was actually a city that kind of prided itself on its elegance,” Leventon said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People wore gloves and hats to run errands, and there were catwalk shows in San Francisco’s Union Square.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leventon said San Francisco was home to some highly sought-after fashion labels. Like \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lilli_Ann\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lilli Ann\u003c/a>, founded in the city in the 1930s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The company made beautifully tailored suits, cocktail dresses, evening dresses,” Leventon said. “They made the kind of elegant wear that well-to-do, well-dressed San Franciscans would wear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even working-class San Franciscans who didn’t have lots of spare cash to throw around on fancy duds dressed up in a bid to project a sense of propriety and economic self-improvement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Union Square, SF Fashion Show (ca.1950s)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/KuubsgP3eTE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there is the other side of San Francisco’s nascent clothing industry — the side focused on making hardy workwear for people like miners and railroad engineers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That side centered around \u003ca href=\"https://www.levi.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Levi’s\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Levi’s is very important and certainly one thing that San Francisco has contributed to the general move to casualness, not only here but everywhere,” Leventon said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Founded in San Francisco in 1853, Levi’s gradually became hugely influential after inventing the first denim jeans in the 1870s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levi’s was a game changer, especially starting in the 1930s, when the company began marketing its jeans not just as workwear, but also as leisurewear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teenagers became a target market after World War II, and Hollywood helped spread the word.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Two movies helped popularize jeans,” Leventon said. “‘Rebel Without a Cause’ and ‘The Wild One.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In these movies, James Dean and Marlon Brando \u003cem>smoldered\u003c/em> in denim. Everyone wanted the look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California also became home to some talented architects and designers who had fled Nazi Europe, like Rudi Gernreich, who emigrated from Austria in 1938.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763835\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 220px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11763835\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Rudi_Gernreich.jpg\" alt=\"Rudi Gernreich\" width=\"220\" height=\"318\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Rudi_Gernreich.jpg 220w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Rudi_Gernreich-160x231.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rudi Gernreich \u003ccite>(Philadelphia City Paper)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“He did some really groundbreaking designs in the 1950s,” Leventon said. “He was a pioneer of unisex fashions. His clothes were streamlined, youthful and accessible to a wide range of consumers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The free-wheeling styles of designers like Gernreich went hand in hand with other global California exports, like Beat, Black Panther and hippie culture, and Hollywood surf movies. All of this stuff fed a movement in the media and advertising that projected a sense of the Golden State as a place of permissiveness, comfort and ease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea of California as a place where you could get back to nature,” Leventon said. “Nobody’s dressing up and going to the office. You’re putting on your bathing suit and maybe a pair of shorts and a tank top on top of that, and going out to the pool.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That idea persists today. You can see a version of it in the yoga pants that many people wear about town. And of course, there’s the jeans, T-shirts, hoodies and sneakers popular with those working in the tech and entertainment industries — two stereotypical looks associated with The Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So it’s not surprising that quite a few major leisure fashion brands beyond Levi’s have their roots here. \u003ca href=\"http://gap.com\">The Gap\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.esprit.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Esprit\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://oldnavy.gap.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Old Navy\u003c/a>, (which is owned by Gap), not to mention newer ones like \u003ca href=\"https://www.everlane.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Everlane\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.allbirds.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Allbirds\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://rothys.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rothy’s,\u003c/a> are based in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of these brands, especially the ones that have been around for a while, have fed into the idea of the Bay Area as being a home for casual style.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Our Diverse Fashion Sense\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When it comes down to it, you really can’t put Bay Area style in a box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think there’s a lot of diversity here if you open your eyes instead of your mouth,” said Tony Bravo, the San Francisco Chronicle’s fashion reporter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He recently took to the streets of downtown San Francisco with KQED to scope out what locals and tourists were wearing. He was casually dressed in baggy jeans, a jacket covered in bright geometric shapes, and a resplendent pair of Converse high-tops festooned in gold and silver glitter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11763639\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11763639 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Tony Bravo, Man about Town and the San Francisco Chronicles Fashion Reporter lounges in the backroom at The Cavalier in San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/Tnoy-Bravo-2.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tony Bravo, man about town and the San Francisco Chronicle’s fashion reporter, lounges in the backroom at The Cavalier in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Chloe Veltman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The thing about walking around San Francisco is, there’s always something for the eye,” Bravo said. “It may not be that Balenciaga ball gown or a perfect three-piece suit. But there might be a great color story. There might just be an impeccably cut piece of outerwear. A great shoe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All kinds of exotic details catch Bravo’s eye around Union Square, from a teen dressed in a black tulle ballet skirt, a pair of leggings and a pink sequined hoodie, to an older person in cropped balloon pants, a big sun hat and a bright yellow top. “I think she looks a little bit like a Van Gogh painting,” Bravo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were, of course, lots of jeans and sneakers. But people clearly expressed themselves with their clothes, whether dressed casually or formally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re a great, progressive, sometimes libertine city, and I think that’s reflected in what we wear,” Bravo said. “It’s high, it’s low, it’s simple, it’s extravagant. It is so many things. It is perhaps too many things to categorize.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Show us your style! Share a photo of your Bay Area style on Instagram or Twitter using the hashtag \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/explore/tags/mybayareastyle/\">#mybayareastyle\u003c/a>. We’ll feature some of our favorites on KQED’s social media channels, and in the October \u003ca href=\"http://baycurious.org/newsletter\">Bay Curious newsletter\u003c/a>. Whether you’re in jeans and a T-shirt or an avant-garde creation — we want to celebrate it all! For extra credit, tell us why you love what you’re wearing. Tag your photos by Sept. 20, 2019.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Why Are There So Many Palm Trees in the Bay Area?",
"headTitle": "Why Are There So Many Palm Trees in the Bay Area? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]A[/dropcap]fter Joseph Morales, an electrician from Chicago, moved to Emeryville this past winter, he found himself wondering: What’s with all the palm trees in the Bay Area? Like Joseph, they didn’t originate here. But they’re all over the place. Not that Joseph minds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11769988\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 200px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11769988\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-1200x1200.jpg\" alt=\"Joseph Morales in front of a palm tree. \" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-1200x1200.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-1920x1920.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-1472x1472.jpg 1472w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-1104x1104.jpg 1104w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-912x912.jpg 912w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-550x550.jpg 550w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-470x470.jpg 470w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2.jpg 1980w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joseph Morales likes palms, but wonders why they’re here. \u003ccite>(Daniel Potter/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They remind me of vacation,” he says, “having a good time with a cold drink and sitting under a palm tree.” Then again: “Northern California doesn’t really seem to be the ideal location for palm trees. I’m expecting hot weather and sun and beaches. And there’s just palm trees and mountains and cold water. So it just seemed weird.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can spot dozens of species of palms around here, but only one in the state is native. \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washingtonia_filifera\">Washingtonia filifera\u003c/a>, the California palm or desert fan palm, prefers the arid region hundreds of miles farther south — closer to \u003cem>Palm\u003c/em> Springs — over the mist of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the other species you see in California have names hinting at distant origins: the \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_canariensis\">Canary Island date palm\u003c/a>. The \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trachycarpus_fortunei\">Chinese windmill palm\u003c/a>. The \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washingtonia_robusta\">Mexican fan palm\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Two Common Bay Area Palms\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washingtonia_robusta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mexican fan palm\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> – These trees tend to stand out in neighborhoods because they may be twice as tall as the surrounding houses and power lines. The leaves are like the fingers of your hand, and can be more than 4 feet long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_canariensis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Canary Island date palm\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> – These trees have 7- or 8-foot leaves that resemble feathers more than fingers. They’ve been widely distributed around the world as a landscape tree. You might notice this species along the Embarcadero in San Francisco or passing through the Bay Bridge Toll Plaza. Despite their name, they weren’t planted for their dates. To get tasty dates, you’d want a different species: \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Date_palm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Phoenix dactylifera\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003ch2>How’d they get here?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Foreign palms were originally brought to California’s Spanish missions in the 1700s for religious services the Sunday before Easter, says Joe McBride, a professor emeritus of landscape architecture and environmental planning at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They used the palm fronds for processionals on Palm Sunday once a year at their churches,” he says. “There was nothing like this growing in the vicinity of the missions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11768772\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 160px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11768772 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-160x213.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"213\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-1122x1496.jpg 1122w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-840x1120.jpg 840w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-687x916.jpg 687w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-414x552.jpg 414w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-354x472.jpg 354w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joe McBride says foreign palms first made their appearance in California for religious reasons. (Daniel Potter/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As more settlements were built over the following decades, more palm trees were planted. And palms gained more ground in the 19th century when they became trendy in Europe as a symbol of the tropical world. The well-to-do began keeping palms in rooms or greenhouses as status markers, McBride says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a fashionable thing for the rich and famous to have … and that idea sort of spread to hotels, where they had these indoor palm gardens that were basically lavishly furnished dining rooms with potted palm trees,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the late 1800s, that same fascination had taken hold in Los Angeles. It became part of Southern California’s style — its image and its sales pitch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growing palms for dates eventually factored in, as noted in a 1950s Palm Springs tourism film. Some 4,000 acres near Palm Springs were growing dates at the time, the film noted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MNu_MY7zwzs\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Palms proliferate\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Over the last century, palms have turned out to be highly practical street trees in both Los Angeles and the Bay Area. Martha Ketterer, a San Francisco landscape architect, has presided over the planting of hundreds of palms — and not just because she’s fond of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Palm trees are very-sexy looking creatures,” Ketterer says, but also, when it comes to streetscaping, they solve a lot of logistical challenges compared to woody trees. For example, urban survivability: Palms can often cope in salty places, like right next to the bay, or amid gusty wind, like the kind that “whips down Market Street,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11768773\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11768773\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-1020x1360.jpg\" alt=\"Martha Ketterer, a San Francisco landscape architect\" width=\"640\" height=\"853\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-1122x1496.jpg 1122w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-840x1120.jpg 840w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-687x916.jpg 687w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-414x552.jpg 414w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-354x472.jpg 354w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Martha Ketterer, a San Francisco landscape architect. \u003ccite>(Daniel Potter/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Palms also have small roots that make them less likely to lift up nearby sidewalks and much easier to transplant successfully. Ketterer says installing a nice oak tree (of a size requiring a crane) might cost taxpayers around $50,000, so public officials may be reluctant to gamble on the oak’s survival when palms are a safer, more affordable bet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can also plant a palm right between a brick building and a power line and know that it will grow pretty much straight up, with no growing branches to snag on masonry or Muni wires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Granted, palms have their detractors. In the aftermath of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, some decried the planting of more palms in the city as a tacky wannabe-SoCal look: “It was going to be ‘the Los Angeles-ation of San Francisco,’ ” Ketterer says. And in some wet habitats, both Mexican fan palms and Canary Island date palms are considered invasive, crowding out native plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But palm trees also enjoy a certain cachet. To Joseph, the electrician who first asked Bay Curious about them, they signify being off work in some exotic sliver of paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jason Dewees, a San Francisco horticulturist who wrote the book \u003ca href=\"https://www.workman.com/products/designing-with-palms\">“Designing With Palms,”\u003c/a> says part of the reason many people feel that way involves a history with palm trees dating back to the dawn of agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of the earliest representations of plants by the human hand are representations of palms in the deserts of North Africa,” Dewees says. From petroglyphs to ancient coins, palms are a potent symbol, connoting hospitable oases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11768774\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11768774 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/3-Joseph-and-Jason-e1566339122437-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Joseph Morales and Jason Dewees admire the palms\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/3-Joseph-and-Jason-e1566339122437-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/3-Joseph-and-Jason-e1566339122437-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/3-Joseph-and-Jason-e1566339122437-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/3-Joseph-and-Jason-e1566339122437-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/3-Joseph-and-Jason-e1566339122437-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/3-Joseph-and-Jason-e1566339122437-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/3-Joseph-and-Jason-e1566339122437-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/3-Joseph-and-Jason-e1566339122437.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joseph Morales and Jason Dewees admire some palm trees. \u003ccite>(Daniel Potter/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They show you that you’re in a place where you can grow food and where there’s water, and where the palm tree itself is going to provide dates,” Dewees says. Palms have also long been planted simply for beauty and pleasure. They show that the land is taken care of — that you’re somewhere nice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That answer worked for Joseph. After all, he arrived here not long ago from Chicago. It’s too cold for palm trees there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">A\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>fter Joseph Morales, an electrician from Chicago, moved to Emeryville this past winter, he found himself wondering: What’s with all the palm trees in the Bay Area? Like Joseph, they didn’t originate here. But they’re all over the place. Not that Joseph minds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11769988\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 200px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11769988\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-1200x1200.jpg\" alt=\"Joseph Morales in front of a palm tree. \" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-1200x1200.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-160x160.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-1920x1920.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-1472x1472.jpg 1472w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-1104x1104.jpg 1104w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-912x912.jpg 912w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-550x550.jpg 550w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2-470x470.jpg 470w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/1-Joseph-2.jpg 1980w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joseph Morales likes palms, but wonders why they’re here. \u003ccite>(Daniel Potter/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They remind me of vacation,” he says, “having a good time with a cold drink and sitting under a palm tree.” Then again: “Northern California doesn’t really seem to be the ideal location for palm trees. I’m expecting hot weather and sun and beaches. And there’s just palm trees and mountains and cold water. So it just seemed weird.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can spot dozens of species of palms around here, but only one in the state is native. \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washingtonia_filifera\">Washingtonia filifera\u003c/a>, the California palm or desert fan palm, prefers the arid region hundreds of miles farther south — closer to \u003cem>Palm\u003c/em> Springs — over the mist of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the other species you see in California have names hinting at distant origins: the \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_canariensis\">Canary Island date palm\u003c/a>. The \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trachycarpus_fortunei\">Chinese windmill palm\u003c/a>. The \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washingtonia_robusta\">Mexican fan palm\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Two Common Bay Area Palms\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washingtonia_robusta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mexican fan palm\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> – These trees tend to stand out in neighborhoods because they may be twice as tall as the surrounding houses and power lines. The leaves are like the fingers of your hand, and can be more than 4 feet long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_canariensis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Canary Island date palm\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> – These trees have 7- or 8-foot leaves that resemble feathers more than fingers. They’ve been widely distributed around the world as a landscape tree. You might notice this species along the Embarcadero in San Francisco or passing through the Bay Bridge Toll Plaza. Despite their name, they weren’t planted for their dates. To get tasty dates, you’d want a different species: \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Date_palm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Phoenix dactylifera\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003ch2>How’d they get here?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Foreign palms were originally brought to California’s Spanish missions in the 1700s for religious services the Sunday before Easter, says Joe McBride, a professor emeritus of landscape architecture and environmental planning at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They used the palm fronds for processionals on Palm Sunday once a year at their churches,” he says. “There was nothing like this growing in the vicinity of the missions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11768772\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 160px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11768772 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-160x213.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"213\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-1122x1496.jpg 1122w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-840x1120.jpg 840w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-687x916.jpg 687w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-414x552.jpg 414w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493-354x472.jpg 354w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/5-McBride-e1566339291493.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joe McBride says foreign palms first made their appearance in California for religious reasons. (Daniel Potter/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As more settlements were built over the following decades, more palm trees were planted. And palms gained more ground in the 19th century when they became trendy in Europe as a symbol of the tropical world. The well-to-do began keeping palms in rooms or greenhouses as status markers, McBride says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a fashionable thing for the rich and famous to have … and that idea sort of spread to hotels, where they had these indoor palm gardens that were basically lavishly furnished dining rooms with potted palm trees,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the late 1800s, that same fascination had taken hold in Los Angeles. It became part of Southern California’s style — its image and its sales pitch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growing palms for dates eventually factored in, as noted in a 1950s Palm Springs tourism film. Some 4,000 acres near Palm Springs were growing dates at the time, the film noted.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/MNu_MY7zwzs'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/MNu_MY7zwzs'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch2>Palms proliferate\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Over the last century, palms have turned out to be highly practical street trees in both Los Angeles and the Bay Area. Martha Ketterer, a San Francisco landscape architect, has presided over the planting of hundreds of palms — and not just because she’s fond of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Palm trees are very-sexy looking creatures,” Ketterer says, but also, when it comes to streetscaping, they solve a lot of logistical challenges compared to woody trees. For example, urban survivability: Palms can often cope in salty places, like right next to the bay, or amid gusty wind, like the kind that “whips down Market Street,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11768773\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11768773\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-1020x1360.jpg\" alt=\"Martha Ketterer, a San Francisco landscape architect\" width=\"640\" height=\"853\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-1122x1496.jpg 1122w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-840x1120.jpg 840w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-687x916.jpg 687w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-414x552.jpg 414w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277-354x472.jpg 354w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/4-Martha-e1566339209277.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Martha Ketterer, a San Francisco landscape architect. \u003ccite>(Daniel Potter/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Palms also have small roots that make them less likely to lift up nearby sidewalks and much easier to transplant successfully. Ketterer says installing a nice oak tree (of a size requiring a crane) might cost taxpayers around $50,000, so public officials may be reluctant to gamble on the oak’s survival when palms are a safer, more affordable bet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can also plant a palm right between a brick building and a power line and know that it will grow pretty much straight up, with no growing branches to snag on masonry or Muni wires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Granted, palms have their detractors. In the aftermath of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, some decried the planting of more palms in the city as a tacky wannabe-SoCal look: “It was going to be ‘the Los Angeles-ation of San Francisco,’ ” Ketterer says. And in some wet habitats, both Mexican fan palms and Canary Island date palms are considered invasive, crowding out native plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But palm trees also enjoy a certain cachet. To Joseph, the electrician who first asked Bay Curious about them, they signify being off work in some exotic sliver of paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jason Dewees, a San Francisco horticulturist who wrote the book \u003ca href=\"https://www.workman.com/products/designing-with-palms\">“Designing With Palms,”\u003c/a> says part of the reason many people feel that way involves a history with palm trees dating back to the dawn of agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of the earliest representations of plants by the human hand are representations of palms in the deserts of North Africa,” Dewees says. From petroglyphs to ancient coins, palms are a potent symbol, connoting hospitable oases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11768774\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11768774 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/3-Joseph-and-Jason-e1566339122437-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Joseph Morales and Jason Dewees admire the palms\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/3-Joseph-and-Jason-e1566339122437-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/3-Joseph-and-Jason-e1566339122437-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/3-Joseph-and-Jason-e1566339122437-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/3-Joseph-and-Jason-e1566339122437-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/3-Joseph-and-Jason-e1566339122437-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/3-Joseph-and-Jason-e1566339122437-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/3-Joseph-and-Jason-e1566339122437-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/3-Joseph-and-Jason-e1566339122437.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joseph Morales and Jason Dewees admire some palm trees. \u003ccite>(Daniel Potter/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“They show you that you’re in a place where you can grow food and where there’s water, and where the palm tree itself is going to provide dates,” Dewees says. Palms have also long been planted simply for beauty and pleasure. They show that the land is taken care of — that you’re somewhere nice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That answer worked for Joseph. After all, he arrived here not long ago from Chicago. It’s too cold for palm trees there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Ever had your late-night revels ended abruptly by the bartender announcing last call just before 2 a.m. here in the Bay Area?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If this strikes a chord, you’re not alone:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/questlove/status/1142351700314824704?s=21\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s 2 a.m. last call frustrates a lot of people. KQED listener Tara Downey even gets a little \u003cem>embarrassed\u003c/em> by it when out-of-town friends visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have friends that live in New York, and so when they come back here it’s a little bit of a shock to them,” she explains. “They’re kind of like ‘OK, where do we go next?’ And … there’s not really an answer for that. We go home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now she wants to know why last call is so early in San Francisco compared to other big cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11768351\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11768351\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38611_DSC_1253-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38611_DSC_1253-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38611_DSC_1253-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38611_DSC_1253-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38611_DSC_1253-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38611_DSC_1253-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bay Curious listener Tara Downey, who asked us: “Why does nightlife in San Francisco end so early compared with other big cities around the world?” \u003ccite>(Carly Severn / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Of course, the idea that California nightlife ends early depends on your definition of early. After all, we’ve got the same last call as Minnesota, Montana and New Mexico, and we can party one hour later than states like Maine, Delaware and Rhode Island. We’ve even got a whole two hours on most of Mississippi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s New York City, with a 4 a.m. last call, and people in Indiana and West Virginia can have their last drink at 3 a.m., while Las Vegas and New Orleans are 24-hour drinking towns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our 2 a.m. last call has been in place since 1913. But what Tara didn’t know is that all this might change very soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California state Sen. Scott Wiener, who represents San Francisco and northern San Mateo County, is the author of the \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB58\">“Last Call” State Bill 58\u003c/a> (SB 58), which proposes extending California’s closing times to 4 a.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11768355\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11768355\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38610_DSC_1249-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38610_DSC_1249-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38610_DSC_1249-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38610_DSC_1249-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38610_DSC_1249-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38610_DSC_1249-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California state Sen. Scott Wiener, the author of SB 58, which proposes extending last call to 4 a.m. \u003ccite>(Carly Severn / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wiener’s bill suggests a pilot program of 10 cities, including Sacramento, San Francisco, Oakland, Los Angeles, West Hollywood, Long Beach, Coachella, Cathedral City, Fresno and Palm Springs. Under the plan, cities would get the ability to choose last call — neighborhood by neighborhood. “Whether you’re in downtown L.A. or a small farm town, we’re trying to create more local flexibility around nightlife,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\">Why Extend Last Call? \u003c/span>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>To Wiener, nightlife is critical to our culture. To hear him tell it, SB 58 almost sounds like a battle for a city’s soul: An enabling of more music, more dancing and more creative expression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people say, ‘Oh, nothing good happens after midnight, let alone after 1 a.m.,’” says Wiener. “And it’s a nice joke to make, but it is actually a joke. It’s false.. a lot of beautiful things happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not to mention, the Bay Area is an internationally renowned hub of LGBTQ culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the LGBT community, our bars and nightclubs are not just a place to go out. It’s about building community. And for so many of us — myself included — we found our community in the nightclubs, in the bars. And in so many parts of this country sometimes that’s like the only place you can go and really just be with your community, in a safe space,” Wiener says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nightlife is also an economic driver. In San Francisco alone, the nightlife industry includes over 3,500 businesses that create more than 60,000 jobs here, \u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.org/entertainment/sites/default/files/SFEC%20AnnualReport_FY16-17%20FY17-18.pdf\">according to the city’s own numbers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Late-Night Critics\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>This is Wiener’s third try at extending California’s nightlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, when he last introduced a similar bill, then-Gov. Jerry Brown \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13841872/jerry-brown-vetoes-4am-nightlife-bill-for-california-cities\">vetoed it with the words: “I believe we have enough mischief from midnight to 2 without adding two more hours of mayhem.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brown added that he was worried about the link between more drinking hours and more DUIs. \u003c/span>Groups like the California Alcohol Policy Alliance (CAPA) later \u003ca href=\"https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/alcohol-justice-is-reporting-sb-905-wieners-4-am-bar-bill-fails-governor-brown-vetoes-the-dangerous-experiment-300721323.html\">described Brown’s 2018 veto as “a great victory for the health and well-being of all Californians”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While everyone can agree that drunken driving is bad, some dispute how many more DUIs would actually be caused by a later last call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Short-term studies conducted in \u003ca href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0071169\">New York\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047235207000839?via%3Dihub\">Minnesota\u003c/a> have drawn connections between closing times and DUI frequency, but the authors of the latter acknowledged the likely influence of additional policing. Less controversial studies,\u003ca href=\"http://alcoholjustice.org/images/reports/reports-full/LATE-NIGHT-THREAT-final.pdf\"> like those cited by CAPA\u003c/a>, examined the effects of closing times over multiple years and also found a correlation. However, critics contest that those were all conducted in other countries, like Australia and Norway, and may not be as relevant in places like San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you say ‘No, we’re going to restrict nightlife’, you just start seeing illegal nightlife,” says Wiener. “People are still going to have parties. They’re just going to do it in a way that’s less safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Safety questions aside: Is the Bay Area really ready for an extra two hours of nightlife?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Are You Ready For This?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>David Ruiz is a bartender and owner of several bars in San Francisco, including Junior. He says that while clubs will probably welcome those two extra party hours, he doesn’t see a great demand for a later last call among his cocktail clientele.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11768357\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11768357\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38609_DSC_1263-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38609_DSC_1263-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38609_DSC_1263-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38609_DSC_1263-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38609_DSC_1263-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38609_DSC_1263-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Ruiz, bartender and bar owner in San Francisco \u003ccite>(Carly Severn / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“On occasion we have to shuffle some people out [at 2 a.m.],” he says. “But I would say people aren’t ‘going hard’ to last call.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\">When you consider the long working hours for many industries, the long commutes necessitated by steep city rental markets and the cost of alcoholic drinks in the Bay Area, you may ask yourself: Why \u003cem>would\u003c/em> people want to stay out?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Ruiz’s experience, San Francisco drinkers are increasingly more concerned with sampling new craft beers, or savoring certain spirits in their own sweet time than lining up the shots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel like the whole just-getting-really-wasted vibe is kind of on its way out,” he says, pointing to what he sees as an increasingly health-conscious culture in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People here, he says, are also surrounded by tempting outdoor opportunities — like camping and river rafting — and “awesome weekend trips which, again, affects that nightlife culture on the weekends.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Individual demand aside, Ruiz notes, it’s important to remember that a place like New York has evolved over the years to be set up for late-night living beyond drinking in a way that the Bay Area has not. For example: Restaurants in the Bay Area often close before last call and outside of special occasions like New Year’s Eve, BART trains stop running at midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the expansion of late-night culture has to go beyond just letting bars stay open. Night owls need more options and increased safety. “Removing that negative stigma [of nightlife], I think, would be a plus — whether or not it’s good for business,” says Ruiz.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Next Steps For Late Night\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Before we can find out if those extra party hours are even wanted by Californians, Wiener’s bill has to get past California’s new governor, Gavin Newsom, this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some speculate that Newsom is more likely to approve the bill because of his history in the hospitality business as the former owner of \u003ca href=\"https://www.plumpjack.com/\">PlumpJack\u003c/a>, the multimillion-dollar winery and hotel business \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-governor-newsom-business-conflicts-20181220-story.html\">that he placed in a blind trust when he became governor\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But remember: Even if SB 58 is approved, the extension of bar hours in California wouldn’t be happening until 2022. For the next few years, at least, 2 a.m. is here to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>California’s 2 a.m. last call frustrates a lot of people. KQED listener Tara Downey even gets a little \u003cem>embarrassed\u003c/em> by it when out-of-town friends visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have friends that live in New York, and so when they come back here it’s a little bit of a shock to them,” she explains. “They’re kind of like ‘OK, where do we go next?’ And … there’s not really an answer for that. We go home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now she wants to know why last call is so early in San Francisco compared to other big cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11768351\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11768351\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38611_DSC_1253-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38611_DSC_1253-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38611_DSC_1253-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38611_DSC_1253-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38611_DSC_1253-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38611_DSC_1253-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bay Curious listener Tara Downey, who asked us: “Why does nightlife in San Francisco end so early compared with other big cities around the world?” \u003ccite>(Carly Severn / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Of course, the idea that California nightlife ends early depends on your definition of early. After all, we’ve got the same last call as Minnesota, Montana and New Mexico, and we can party one hour later than states like Maine, Delaware and Rhode Island. We’ve even got a whole two hours on most of Mississippi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s New York City, with a 4 a.m. last call, and people in Indiana and West Virginia can have their last drink at 3 a.m., while Las Vegas and New Orleans are 24-hour drinking towns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our 2 a.m. last call has been in place since 1913. But what Tara didn’t know is that all this might change very soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California state Sen. Scott Wiener, who represents San Francisco and northern San Mateo County, is the author of the \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200SB58\">“Last Call” State Bill 58\u003c/a> (SB 58), which proposes extending California’s closing times to 4 a.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11768355\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11768355\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38610_DSC_1249-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38610_DSC_1249-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38610_DSC_1249-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38610_DSC_1249-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38610_DSC_1249-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38610_DSC_1249-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California state Sen. Scott Wiener, the author of SB 58, which proposes extending last call to 4 a.m. \u003ccite>(Carly Severn / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wiener’s bill suggests a pilot program of 10 cities, including Sacramento, San Francisco, Oakland, Los Angeles, West Hollywood, Long Beach, Coachella, Cathedral City, Fresno and Palm Springs. Under the plan, cities would get the ability to choose last call — neighborhood by neighborhood. “Whether you’re in downtown L.A. or a small farm town, we’re trying to create more local flexibility around nightlife,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\">Why Extend Last Call? \u003c/span>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>To Wiener, nightlife is critical to our culture. To hear him tell it, SB 58 almost sounds like a battle for a city’s soul: An enabling of more music, more dancing and more creative expression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people say, ‘Oh, nothing good happens after midnight, let alone after 1 a.m.,’” says Wiener. “And it’s a nice joke to make, but it is actually a joke. It’s false.. a lot of beautiful things happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not to mention, the Bay Area is an internationally renowned hub of LGBTQ culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the LGBT community, our bars and nightclubs are not just a place to go out. It’s about building community. And for so many of us — myself included — we found our community in the nightclubs, in the bars. And in so many parts of this country sometimes that’s like the only place you can go and really just be with your community, in a safe space,” Wiener says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nightlife is also an economic driver. In San Francisco alone, the nightlife industry includes over 3,500 businesses that create more than 60,000 jobs here, \u003ca href=\"https://sfgov.org/entertainment/sites/default/files/SFEC%20AnnualReport_FY16-17%20FY17-18.pdf\">according to the city’s own numbers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Late-Night Critics\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>This is Wiener’s third try at extending California’s nightlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, when he last introduced a similar bill, then-Gov. Jerry Brown \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13841872/jerry-brown-vetoes-4am-nightlife-bill-for-california-cities\">vetoed it with the words: “I believe we have enough mischief from midnight to 2 without adding two more hours of mayhem.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brown added that he was worried about the link between more drinking hours and more DUIs. \u003c/span>Groups like the California Alcohol Policy Alliance (CAPA) later \u003ca href=\"https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/alcohol-justice-is-reporting-sb-905-wieners-4-am-bar-bill-fails-governor-brown-vetoes-the-dangerous-experiment-300721323.html\">described Brown’s 2018 veto as “a great victory for the health and well-being of all Californians”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While everyone can agree that drunken driving is bad, some dispute how many more DUIs would actually be caused by a later last call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Short-term studies conducted in \u003ca href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0071169\">New York\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047235207000839?via%3Dihub\">Minnesota\u003c/a> have drawn connections between closing times and DUI frequency, but the authors of the latter acknowledged the likely influence of additional policing. Less controversial studies,\u003ca href=\"http://alcoholjustice.org/images/reports/reports-full/LATE-NIGHT-THREAT-final.pdf\"> like those cited by CAPA\u003c/a>, examined the effects of closing times over multiple years and also found a correlation. However, critics contest that those were all conducted in other countries, like Australia and Norway, and may not be as relevant in places like San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you say ‘No, we’re going to restrict nightlife’, you just start seeing illegal nightlife,” says Wiener. “People are still going to have parties. They’re just going to do it in a way that’s less safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Safety questions aside: Is the Bay Area really ready for an extra two hours of nightlife?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Are You Ready For This?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>David Ruiz is a bartender and owner of several bars in San Francisco, including Junior. He says that while clubs will probably welcome those two extra party hours, he doesn’t see a great demand for a later last call among his cocktail clientele.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11768357\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11768357\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38609_DSC_1263-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38609_DSC_1263-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38609_DSC_1263-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38609_DSC_1263-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38609_DSC_1263-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/08/RS38609_DSC_1263-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Ruiz, bartender and bar owner in San Francisco \u003ccite>(Carly Severn / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“On occasion we have to shuffle some people out [at 2 a.m.],” he says. “But I would say people aren’t ‘going hard’ to last call.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\">When you consider the long working hours for many industries, the long commutes necessitated by steep city rental markets and the cost of alcoholic drinks in the Bay Area, you may ask yourself: Why \u003cem>would\u003c/em> people want to stay out?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Ruiz’s experience, San Francisco drinkers are increasingly more concerned with sampling new craft beers, or savoring certain spirits in their own sweet time than lining up the shots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel like the whole just-getting-really-wasted vibe is kind of on its way out,” he says, pointing to what he sees as an increasingly health-conscious culture in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People here, he says, are also surrounded by tempting outdoor opportunities — like camping and river rafting — and “awesome weekend trips which, again, affects that nightlife culture on the weekends.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Individual demand aside, Ruiz notes, it’s important to remember that a place like New York has evolved over the years to be set up for late-night living beyond drinking in a way that the Bay Area has not. For example: Restaurants in the Bay Area often close before last call and outside of special occasions like New Year’s Eve, BART trains stop running at midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the expansion of late-night culture has to go beyond just letting bars stay open. Night owls need more options and increased safety. “Removing that negative stigma [of nightlife], I think, would be a plus — whether or not it’s good for business,” says Ruiz.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Next Steps For Late Night\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Before we can find out if those extra party hours are even wanted by Californians, Wiener’s bill has to get past California’s new governor, Gavin Newsom, this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some speculate that Newsom is more likely to approve the bill because of his history in the hospitality business as the former owner of \u003ca href=\"https://www.plumpjack.com/\">PlumpJack\u003c/a>, the multimillion-dollar winery and hotel business \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-governor-newsom-business-conflicts-20181220-story.html\">that he placed in a blind trust when he became governor\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But remember: Even if SB 58 is approved, the extension of bar hours in California wouldn’t be happening until 2022. For the next few years, at least, 2 a.m. is here to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"order": 9
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 18
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"source": "American Public Media"
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
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"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"order": 11
},
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"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
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"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
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},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
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"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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"planet-money": {
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
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},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
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"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/political-breakdown/feed/podcast"
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
"meta": {
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
"subscribe": {
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
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