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"disqusTitle": "Judge in N.Y. Drug Case Says FBI Can't Force Apple to Unlock iPhone",
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"content": "\u003cp>NEW YORK — The U.S. Justice Department cannot force Apple to provide the FBI with access to locked iPhone data in a routine Brooklyn drug case, a federal judge ruled Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge James Orenstein's written decision (\u003ca href=\"#applefbiny\">embedded below\u003c/a>) gives support to the company's position in its fight against a Southern California judge's order that it create specialized software to help the FBI hack into an iPhone linked to the San Bernardino terrorism investigation. Apple on Thursday formally objected to the order in a brief filed with the court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Bernardino County-owned iPhone 5C was used by Syed Farook, who was a health inspector. He and his wife, Tashfeen Malik, killed 14 people during a Dec. 2 attack that was at least partly inspired by the Islamic State group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple's opposition to the government's tactics has evoked a national debate over digital privacy rights and national security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orenstein concluded that Apple is not obligated to assist government investigators against its will and noted that Congress has not adopted legislation that would achieve the result sought by the government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orenstein said he was offering no opinion on whether in the instance of this case or others, \"the government's legitimate interest in ensuring that no door is too strong to resist lawful entry should prevail against the equally legitimate societal interests arrayed against it here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the interests at stake go beyond expectations of privacy, and include the commercial interest in conducting business free of potentially harmful government intrusion and the \"far more fundamental and universal interest ... in shielding sensitive electronically stored data from the myriad harms, great and small, that unauthorized access and misuse can cause.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"How best to balance those interests is a matter of critical importance to our society, and the need for an answer becomes more pressing daily, as the tide of technological advance flows ever farther past the boundaries of what seemed possible even a few decades ago,\" Orenstein wrote. \"But that debate must happen today, and it must take place among legislators who are equipped to consider the technological and cultural realities of a world their predecessors could not begin to conceive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department said in a statement that it's disappointed in the ruling and plans to appeal in coming days. It said Apple had previously agreed many times prior to assist the government and \"only changed course when the government's application for assistance was made public by the court.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple and their attorneys said they were reading the opinion and will comment later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, Orenstein invited Apple to challenge the government's use of a 227-year-old law to compel the company to help it recover iPhone data in criminal cases, noting that another law on the books already covered the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Cupertino-based computer maker did, saying in court papers that extracting information from an iPhone \"could threaten the trust between Apple and its customers and substantially tarnish the Apple brand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It followed up by declining to cooperate in a dozen more instances in four states involving government requests to aid criminal probes by retrieving data from individual iPhones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In ruling, Orenstein wrote: \"I believe Apple has the better argument\" because the other law covering wiretaps for telecom companies \"explicitly absolves a company like Apple of any responsibility to provide the assistance the government seeks here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal prosecutors say Apple has stopped short of challenging court orders judicially, except in the cases before Orenstein and the California jurist who ruled about the San Bernardino shooter's phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Ultimately, the question to be answered in this matter, and in others like it across the country, is not whether the government should be able to force Apple to help it unlock a specific device; it is instead whether the All Writs Act resolves that issue and many others like it yet to come,\" Orenstein wrote. \"For the reasons set forth above, I conclude that it does not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"applefbiny\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"https://www.scribd.com/embeds/301292148/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&show_recommendations=true\" data-auto-height=\"false\" data-aspect-ratio=\"undefined\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"doc_48281\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>NEW YORK — The U.S. Justice Department cannot force Apple to provide the FBI with access to locked iPhone data in a routine Brooklyn drug case, a federal judge ruled Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge James Orenstein's written decision (\u003ca href=\"#applefbiny\">embedded below\u003c/a>) gives support to the company's position in its fight against a Southern California judge's order that it create specialized software to help the FBI hack into an iPhone linked to the San Bernardino terrorism investigation. Apple on Thursday formally objected to the order in a brief filed with the court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Bernardino County-owned iPhone 5C was used by Syed Farook, who was a health inspector. He and his wife, Tashfeen Malik, killed 14 people during a Dec. 2 attack that was at least partly inspired by the Islamic State group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple's opposition to the government's tactics has evoked a national debate over digital privacy rights and national security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orenstein concluded that Apple is not obligated to assist government investigators against its will and noted that Congress has not adopted legislation that would achieve the result sought by the government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orenstein said he was offering no opinion on whether in the instance of this case or others, \"the government's legitimate interest in ensuring that no door is too strong to resist lawful entry should prevail against the equally legitimate societal interests arrayed against it here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the interests at stake go beyond expectations of privacy, and include the commercial interest in conducting business free of potentially harmful government intrusion and the \"far more fundamental and universal interest ... in shielding sensitive electronically stored data from the myriad harms, great and small, that unauthorized access and misuse can cause.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"How best to balance those interests is a matter of critical importance to our society, and the need for an answer becomes more pressing daily, as the tide of technological advance flows ever farther past the boundaries of what seemed possible even a few decades ago,\" Orenstein wrote. \"But that debate must happen today, and it must take place among legislators who are equipped to consider the technological and cultural realities of a world their predecessors could not begin to conceive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department said in a statement that it's disappointed in the ruling and plans to appeal in coming days. It said Apple had previously agreed many times prior to assist the government and \"only changed course when the government's application for assistance was made public by the court.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple and their attorneys said they were reading the opinion and will comment later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, Orenstein invited Apple to challenge the government's use of a 227-year-old law to compel the company to help it recover iPhone data in criminal cases, noting that another law on the books already covered the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Cupertino-based computer maker did, saying in court papers that extracting information from an iPhone \"could threaten the trust between Apple and its customers and substantially tarnish the Apple brand.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It followed up by declining to cooperate in a dozen more instances in four states involving government requests to aid criminal probes by retrieving data from individual iPhones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In ruling, Orenstein wrote: \"I believe Apple has the better argument\" because the other law covering wiretaps for telecom companies \"explicitly absolves a company like Apple of any responsibility to provide the assistance the government seeks here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal prosecutors say Apple has stopped short of challenging court orders judicially, except in the cases before Orenstein and the California jurist who ruled about the San Bernardino shooter's phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Ultimately, the question to be answered in this matter, and in others like it across the country, is not whether the government should be able to force Apple to help it unlock a specific device; it is instead whether the All Writs Act resolves that issue and many others like it yet to come,\" Orenstein wrote. \"For the reasons set forth above, I conclude that it does not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"applefbiny\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe class=\"scribd_iframe_embed\" src=\"https://www.scribd.com/embeds/301292148/content?start_page=1&view_mode=scroll&show_recommendations=true\" data-auto-height=\"false\" data-aspect-ratio=\"undefined\" scrolling=\"no\" id=\"doc_48281\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Guns are once again a hot topic in Sacramento. Tuesday the Assembly Public Safety Committee will consider \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB1673\" target=\"_blank\">four\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB1674\" target=\"_blank\">bills\u003c/a> regulating guns. Among the measures is one by Democrat Marc Levine that would expand the state’s assault weapons ban to include firearms \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB1664\" target=\"_blank\">with a button\u003c/a> that allows magazines to be easily detached.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This makes it very easy to change magazines,\" says the San Rafael legislator. \"Literally in a second (you can) go from one ten-clip magazine to another one, so that shooters can fire more bullets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/249521733\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The committee will also take up a measure that would more broadly \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB1663\" target=\"_blank\">expand the definition\u003c/a> of an assault weapon. Gov. Jerry Brown vetoed a similar bill in 2013. Levine says he believes the political climate is different in the wake of mass shootings like the one in San Bernardino. But Claremont McKenna government professor Jack Pitney is not convinced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On this issue public opinion tends to be pretty entrenched,\" he says. \"The people who support stricter regulation of firearms tend to be pretty firm, and the people who oppose stricter regulation of firearms also tend to be pretty firm.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom is choosing to bypass the Legislature in his attempt to further gun control. His \u003ca href=\"http://safetyforall.com/fulltext.htm\">proposed ballot initiative\u003c/a> would require background checks for ammunition purchases and ban possession of large-capacity magazines.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Guns are once again a hot topic in Sacramento. Tuesday the Assembly Public Safety Committee will consider \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB1673\" target=\"_blank\">four\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB1674\" target=\"_blank\">bills\u003c/a> regulating guns. Among the measures is one by Democrat Marc Levine that would expand the state’s assault weapons ban to include firearms \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB1664\" target=\"_blank\">with a button\u003c/a> that allows magazines to be easily detached.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This makes it very easy to change magazines,\" says the San Rafael legislator. \"Literally in a second (you can) go from one ten-clip magazine to another one, so that shooters can fire more bullets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/249521733&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/249521733'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The committee will also take up a measure that would more broadly \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB1663\" target=\"_blank\">expand the definition\u003c/a> of an assault weapon. Gov. Jerry Brown vetoed a similar bill in 2013. Levine says he believes the political climate is different in the wake of mass shootings like the one in San Bernardino. But Claremont McKenna government professor Jack Pitney is not convinced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On this issue public opinion tends to be pretty entrenched,\" he says. \"The people who support stricter regulation of firearms tend to be pretty firm, and the people who oppose stricter regulation of firearms also tend to be pretty firm.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom is choosing to bypass the Legislature in his attempt to further gun control. His \u003ca href=\"http://safetyforall.com/fulltext.htm\">proposed ballot initiative\u003c/a> would require background checks for ammunition purchases and ban possession of large-capacity magazines.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Zuckerberg Tells Facebook Staff To Stop Crossing Out 'Black Lives Matter'",
"title": "Zuckerberg Tells Facebook Staff To Stop Crossing Out 'Black Lives Matter'",
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"content": "\u003cp>Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg is scolding employees for what he calls \"several recent instances\" of people crossing out \"black lives matter\" on signature walls at the company's headquarters and writing \"all lives matter\" instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a note to employees posted on a company announcement page, \u003ca href=\"http://gizmodo.com/mark-zuckerberg-asks-racist-facebook-employees-to-stop-1761272768\" target=\"_blank\">published by Gizmodo\u003c/a>, Zuckerberg says he and several other leaders at the company have previously warned employees against doing this. \"I was already very disappointed by this disrespectful behavior before, but after my communication, I now consider this malicious as well,\" Zuckerberg writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\" 'Black lives matter' doesn't mean other lives don't. It's simply asking that the black community also achieves the justice they deserve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've never had rules around what people can write on our walls — we expect everybody to treat each other with respect. Regardless of the content or location, crossing out something means silencing speech, or that one person's speech is more important than another's.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The phrase \"black lives matter\" actually traces its origin \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2014/12/04/368408247/black-lives-matter-slogan-becomes-a-bigger-movement\" target=\"_blank\">to a conversation \u003cem>on \u003c/em>Facebook\u003c/a>. It came in reaction to the acquittal of George Zimmerman in the fatal shooting of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin. Since then, the phrase has come to signify the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/01/18/463503838/civil-rights-activism-from-martin-luther-king-to-black-lives-matter\" target=\"_blank\">racial justice movement\u003c/a> that has grown in response to a series of police shootings of unarmed black men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the footprint of the \"black lives matter\" slogan has grown, the phrase \"all lives matter\" arose as a reply — and, to many, a reproach — to the original phrase. NPR's Tamara Keith has \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/itsallpolitics/2015/07/31/427851451/democratic-candidates-stumble-over-black-lives-matter-movement\" target=\"_blank\">reported from the campaign trail\u003c/a>, where Democratic candidates used the \"all lives matter\" refrain:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"For those at the heart of the Black Lives Matter movement, these words hit the wrong note. 'All lives matter' is a phrase adopted by those who seek to minimize or criticize the movement.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg's note says that the company is investigating the incidents because they have been \"deeply hurtful and tiresome\" for the Facebook community. Facebook has confirmed to NPR the authenticity of the internal note but has not provided further details of the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, it's important to point out that Facebook — like much of Silicon Valley — has been struggling to diversify its workforce and remains a company that's heavily white and male.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's a chart NPR built earlier this month when Intel -- unlike other tech companies, including Facebook -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/02/03/465270938/intel-discloses-diversity-data-challenges-tech-industry-to-follow-suit\" target=\"_blank\">released a highly detailed report\u003c/a> on its progress and goals in hiring women and underrepresented minorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like others, Facebook has been working to improve the ratio and, according to Zuckerberg's memo, plans to hold a town hall next week where staff can \"educate themselves about what the Black Lives Matter movement is about.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leslie Miley, a Silicon Valley diversity advocate and \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2015/11/06/454949422/a-q-a-with-lesley-miley-the-black-twitter-engineer-who-left-over-diversity-probl\">former Twitter engineer\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/facebook-black-lives-matter_us_56cf4a38e4b0871f60ea7781\" target=\"_blank\">told the Huffington Post\u003c/a> the issue had a lot to do with the tech industry's reliance on recruiting from referrals and recruiting:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Companies like Facebook pull talent from top schools, many of which are \u003ca href=\"https://college.harvard.edu/admissions/admissions-statistics\" target=\"_blank\">also \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://admission.princeton.edu/applyingforadmission/admission-statistics\" target=\"_blank\">very \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://diversityandaccess.stanford.edu/diversity/diversity-facts\" target=\"_blank\">white\u003c/a>. Then, employees refer people who look like them. If you want to change the ratio, stop referrals,\" Miley told HuffPost.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Zuckerberg+Tells+Facebook+Staff+To+Stop+Crossing+Out+%27Black+Lives+Matter%27&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg is scolding employees for what he calls \"several recent instances\" of people crossing out \"black lives matter\" on signature walls at the company's headquarters and writing \"all lives matter\" instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a note to employees posted on a company announcement page, \u003ca href=\"http://gizmodo.com/mark-zuckerberg-asks-racist-facebook-employees-to-stop-1761272768\" target=\"_blank\">published by Gizmodo\u003c/a>, Zuckerberg says he and several other leaders at the company have previously warned employees against doing this. \"I was already very disappointed by this disrespectful behavior before, but after my communication, I now consider this malicious as well,\" Zuckerberg writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\" 'Black lives matter' doesn't mean other lives don't. It's simply asking that the black community also achieves the justice they deserve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've never had rules around what people can write on our walls — we expect everybody to treat each other with respect. Regardless of the content or location, crossing out something means silencing speech, or that one person's speech is more important than another's.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The phrase \"black lives matter\" actually traces its origin \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2014/12/04/368408247/black-lives-matter-slogan-becomes-a-bigger-movement\" target=\"_blank\">to a conversation \u003cem>on \u003c/em>Facebook\u003c/a>. It came in reaction to the acquittal of George Zimmerman in the fatal shooting of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin. Since then, the phrase has come to signify the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/01/18/463503838/civil-rights-activism-from-martin-luther-king-to-black-lives-matter\" target=\"_blank\">racial justice movement\u003c/a> that has grown in response to a series of police shootings of unarmed black men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the footprint of the \"black lives matter\" slogan has grown, the phrase \"all lives matter\" arose as a reply — and, to many, a reproach — to the original phrase. NPR's Tamara Keith has \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/itsallpolitics/2015/07/31/427851451/democratic-candidates-stumble-over-black-lives-matter-movement\" target=\"_blank\">reported from the campaign trail\u003c/a>, where Democratic candidates used the \"all lives matter\" refrain:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"For those at the heart of the Black Lives Matter movement, these words hit the wrong note. 'All lives matter' is a phrase adopted by those who seek to minimize or criticize the movement.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg's note says that the company is investigating the incidents because they have been \"deeply hurtful and tiresome\" for the Facebook community. Facebook has confirmed to NPR the authenticity of the internal note but has not provided further details of the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, it's important to point out that Facebook — like much of Silicon Valley — has been struggling to diversify its workforce and remains a company that's heavily white and male.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's a chart NPR built earlier this month when Intel -- unlike other tech companies, including Facebook -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/02/03/465270938/intel-discloses-diversity-data-challenges-tech-industry-to-follow-suit\" target=\"_blank\">released a highly detailed report\u003c/a> on its progress and goals in hiring women and underrepresented minorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like others, Facebook has been working to improve the ratio and, according to Zuckerberg's memo, plans to hold a town hall next week where staff can \"educate themselves about what the Black Lives Matter movement is about.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leslie Miley, a Silicon Valley diversity advocate and \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2015/11/06/454949422/a-q-a-with-lesley-miley-the-black-twitter-engineer-who-left-over-diversity-probl\">former Twitter engineer\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/facebook-black-lives-matter_us_56cf4a38e4b0871f60ea7781\" target=\"_blank\">told the Huffington Post\u003c/a> the issue had a lot to do with the tech industry's reliance on recruiting from referrals and recruiting:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Companies like Facebook pull talent from top schools, many of which are \u003ca href=\"https://college.harvard.edu/admissions/admissions-statistics\" target=\"_blank\">also \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://admission.princeton.edu/applyingforadmission/admission-statistics\" target=\"_blank\">very \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://diversityandaccess.stanford.edu/diversity/diversity-facts\" target=\"_blank\">white\u003c/a>. Then, employees refer people who look like them. If you want to change the ratio, stop referrals,\" Miley told HuffPost.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Zuckerberg+Tells+Facebook+Staff+To+Stop+Crossing+Out+%27Black+Lives+Matter%27&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California to Reconsider Fingerprint Checks for Uber, Lyft Drivers",
"title": "California to Reconsider Fingerprint Checks for Uber, Lyft Drivers",
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"content": "\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission will consider requiring drivers for all ride services, including Uber and Lyft, to undergo fingerprint background checks, just as Uber is facing more scrutiny over its screening process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, commissioner Liane Randolph declined to recommend more rigorous screenings for ride-service drivers. But in \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/26/california-regulators-propose-new-round-of-rules-for-uber-lyft\" target=\"_blank\">proposing a new set of rules for transportation network companies\u003c/a>, Randolph wrote that the CPUC would issue a ruling \"posing questions about background checks and establishing the identity of drivers through methods such as fingerprinting.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Randolph did propose fingerprint checks in the revised rules for services like Shuddle, which transport unaccompanied minors. The full CPUC is scheduled to consider the proposals March 17 in what's called \"Phase II\" of the regulatory process for transportation network companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest ride-service company, Uber, has come under more criticism in recent days over its background checks following a mass shooting in Michigan. The attack was allegedly committed by an Uber driver, who is charged with killing six people and wounding two others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"QDZtTpMY2CL6gtqNB6t1oUDnUjE67Tkt\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Company officials have said no red flags were raised about 45-year-old Jason Dalton, although a rider reported \u003ca href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/feb/22/kalamazoo-shooting-spree-jason-dalton-uber-ignored-safety-complaint\" target=\"_blank\">he was \"driving dangerously\" \u003c/a>before the rampage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No background process would have made a difference in this case because the person had no criminal history,\" Uber's chief security officer, Joe Sullivan, \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.uber.com/uberbriefingkalamazoo/\" target=\"_blank\">told reporters in a conference call.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber uses \u003ca href=\"https://checkr.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Checkr\u003c/a>, which looks at a person's criminal history for the past seven years. The ride-service company \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.uber.com/details-on-safety/\" target=\"_blank\">has maintained\u003c/a> that all background checks available today contain flaws, even though fingerprint checks are considered by many law enforcement, transportation and taxicab industry officials to be the \"gold standard.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The kind of background checks Uber uses are the same kind of screenings any company might do on a prospective employee, but not for someone being placed in a position of trust, said Dave Sutton, the spokesman for \u003ca href=\"http://www.whosdrivingyou.org\" target=\"_blank\">Who's Driving You\u003c/a>, a public safety campaign of the Taxicab, Limousine and Paratransit Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Not all background checks are alike,\" said Sutton. \"What we're really talking about are fingerprint-based background checks conducted by government.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sutton said the vast majority of large U.S. cities require fingerprint checks for taxi drivers, who have been arguing that ride services should face the same kind of background checks and training that they do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber recently announced it would \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2016/02/11/uber-is-about-to-pay-its-u-s-riders-28-5-million-heres-why/\" target=\"_blank\">settle two lawsuits for $28 million\u003c/a> that accused the company of misrepresenting its background check process as \"industry-leading.\" The district attorneys of San Francisco and Los Angeles also filed suit against the company for \"misleading and false\" statements about its screening process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When those \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/DA-major-flaws-in-Uber-background-checks-allow-6453865.php\" target=\"_blank\">prosecutors filed an updated complaint\u003c/a> against Uber in August, they noted that there were 25 cases in Los Angeles where Uber's background check process failed, allowing registered sex offenders, identity thieves, burglars and a convicted murderer to become drivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10878394\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/UberLyft-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Adnan Aloudi, a full-time Uber and Lyft driver, drives through downtown San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10878394\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/UberLyft-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/UberLyft-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/UberLyft.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/UberLyft-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/UberLyft-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Adnan Aloudi, a full-time Uber and Lyft driver, drives through downtown San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Ericka Cruz Guevarra/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"The private background check companies employed by Uber do not have access to (California Department of Justice) and federal databases of criminal history repositories,\" the district attorneys' complaint stated. \"The background check companies employed by Uber search for criminal convictions in commercial databases that do not index their records by unique biometric identifiers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber contends that fingerprint background checks are not 100 percent accurate, and can include people not actually convicted of the crimes they were accused of, a point the two district attorneys have also called \"false and misleading.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our problem with fingerprinting is, we think it’s discriminatory, meaning there’s a lot of people who might have been arrested who were not convicted that will be denied this opportunity,” Uber senior adviser David Plouffe said this week, according to\u003ca href=\"http://www.bostonherald.com/business/business_markets/2016/02/uber_don_t_fingerprint_our_drivers\" target=\"_blank\"> the Boston Herald\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber recently announced that it would give people convicted of nonviolent felonies whose crimes were reduced to misdemeanors under California's Proposition 47, \u003ca href=\"http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-01-13/uber-to-help-california-ex-felons-get-driver-gigs\" target=\"_blank\">an opportunity to drive\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'It's one thing to sign up online in a couple of days. It’s quite another to be fingerprinted and go down to the police station.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Sutton believes the reason Uber is opposed to fingerprint checks is that half of Uber's 400,000 drivers in the U.S. are part-timers, driving less than 10 hours a week, and many would rather not go through the process of getting fingerprinted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The companies are convinced that these people who drive casually will not bother to sign up if it's too cumbersome to do so,\" Sutton said. \"It's one thing to sign up online in a couple of days. It's quite another to be fingerprinted and go down to the police station.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Current California regulations require ride services to conduct criminal background checks that go back seven years, but not fingerprint checks. Sutton believes regulators have been slow to require a stricter screening process because of Uber's political power and success in beating back tougher regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest regulatory battles is happening in Austin, Texas, where both Uber and Lyft threatened to leave after the city council voted to require fingerprint checks. Uber then supported a successful campaign to \u003ca href=\"http://www.mystatesman.com/news/news/local-govt-politics/council-sets-may-7-ballot-on-ride-hailing/nqRgm/\" target=\"_blank\">put the issue before voters\u003c/a> this May, while signatures to recall a city councilwoman who pushed for fingerprint checks have been \u003ca href=\"http://kxan.com/2016/02/23/petition-to-recall-ann-kitchen-to-be-validated-by-clerks-office/\" target=\"_blank\">submitted to the city clerk\u003c/a>. Both Uber and Lyft have said they \u003ca href=\"http://kxan.com/2016/02/01/petition-organized-to-recall-austin-council-member-ann-kitchen/\" target=\"_blank\">do not support the recall effort\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, two efforts in the state Legislature by Assemblyman Adrin Nazarian (D-Sherman Oaks) that would have required fingerprint checks died in committee. However, Assemblyman Jim Cooper hopes a bill he introduced in September requiring stricter background checks will pass this time around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I scratch my head when I hear that Uber drivers in New York are fingerprinted,\" said Cooper, a former sheriff's captain. \"Whatever Uber's background check is, it should be consistent. And right now, in talking to other jurisdictions, it's inconsistent.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooper, whose daughter is an Uber driver, said he believes the CPUC hasn't required tougher background checks because it lacks resources and is \"spread very thin.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though he agrees fingerprint checks are the gold standard, his bill doesn't explicitly require fingerprint checks because the Elk Grove Democrat said he wants to first have a dialogue with the companies. For now, his bill calls for \"comprehensive criminal background checks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Their current reporting standard is subpar at best,\" said Cooper, whose bill is expected to get its first committee hearing in the Senate later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sutton said ride-service companies may likely change their policies on background checks when enough customers demand it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Essentially, what's happening is exactly what happened in the taxi industry,\" Sutton said. \"Enough bad things happened that enough people become aware that this is absolutely a must-do, and so the political will was established.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission will consider requiring drivers for all ride services, including Uber and Lyft, to undergo fingerprint background checks, just as Uber is facing more scrutiny over its screening process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, commissioner Liane Randolph declined to recommend more rigorous screenings for ride-service drivers. But in \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/26/california-regulators-propose-new-round-of-rules-for-uber-lyft\" target=\"_blank\">proposing a new set of rules for transportation network companies\u003c/a>, Randolph wrote that the CPUC would issue a ruling \"posing questions about background checks and establishing the identity of drivers through methods such as fingerprinting.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Randolph did propose fingerprint checks in the revised rules for services like Shuddle, which transport unaccompanied minors. The full CPUC is scheduled to consider the proposals March 17 in what's called \"Phase II\" of the regulatory process for transportation network companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest ride-service company, Uber, has come under more criticism in recent days over its background checks following a mass shooting in Michigan. The attack was allegedly committed by an Uber driver, who is charged with killing six people and wounding two others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Company officials have said no red flags were raised about 45-year-old Jason Dalton, although a rider reported \u003ca href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/feb/22/kalamazoo-shooting-spree-jason-dalton-uber-ignored-safety-complaint\" target=\"_blank\">he was \"driving dangerously\" \u003c/a>before the rampage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No background process would have made a difference in this case because the person had no criminal history,\" Uber's chief security officer, Joe Sullivan, \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.uber.com/uberbriefingkalamazoo/\" target=\"_blank\">told reporters in a conference call.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber uses \u003ca href=\"https://checkr.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Checkr\u003c/a>, which looks at a person's criminal history for the past seven years. The ride-service company \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.uber.com/details-on-safety/\" target=\"_blank\">has maintained\u003c/a> that all background checks available today contain flaws, even though fingerprint checks are considered by many law enforcement, transportation and taxicab industry officials to be the \"gold standard.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The kind of background checks Uber uses are the same kind of screenings any company might do on a prospective employee, but not for someone being placed in a position of trust, said Dave Sutton, the spokesman for \u003ca href=\"http://www.whosdrivingyou.org\" target=\"_blank\">Who's Driving You\u003c/a>, a public safety campaign of the Taxicab, Limousine and Paratransit Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Not all background checks are alike,\" said Sutton. \"What we're really talking about are fingerprint-based background checks conducted by government.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sutton said the vast majority of large U.S. cities require fingerprint checks for taxi drivers, who have been arguing that ride services should face the same kind of background checks and training that they do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber recently announced it would \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2016/02/11/uber-is-about-to-pay-its-u-s-riders-28-5-million-heres-why/\" target=\"_blank\">settle two lawsuits for $28 million\u003c/a> that accused the company of misrepresenting its background check process as \"industry-leading.\" The district attorneys of San Francisco and Los Angeles also filed suit against the company for \"misleading and false\" statements about its screening process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When those \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/DA-major-flaws-in-Uber-background-checks-allow-6453865.php\" target=\"_blank\">prosecutors filed an updated complaint\u003c/a> against Uber in August, they noted that there were 25 cases in Los Angeles where Uber's background check process failed, allowing registered sex offenders, identity thieves, burglars and a convicted murderer to become drivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10878394\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/UberLyft-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Adnan Aloudi, a full-time Uber and Lyft driver, drives through downtown San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10878394\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/UberLyft-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/UberLyft-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/UberLyft.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/UberLyft-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/UberLyft-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Adnan Aloudi, a full-time Uber and Lyft driver, drives through downtown San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Ericka Cruz Guevarra/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"The private background check companies employed by Uber do not have access to (California Department of Justice) and federal databases of criminal history repositories,\" the district attorneys' complaint stated. \"The background check companies employed by Uber search for criminal convictions in commercial databases that do not index their records by unique biometric identifiers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber contends that fingerprint background checks are not 100 percent accurate, and can include people not actually convicted of the crimes they were accused of, a point the two district attorneys have also called \"false and misleading.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our problem with fingerprinting is, we think it’s discriminatory, meaning there’s a lot of people who might have been arrested who were not convicted that will be denied this opportunity,” Uber senior adviser David Plouffe said this week, according to\u003ca href=\"http://www.bostonherald.com/business/business_markets/2016/02/uber_don_t_fingerprint_our_drivers\" target=\"_blank\"> the Boston Herald\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber recently announced that it would give people convicted of nonviolent felonies whose crimes were reduced to misdemeanors under California's Proposition 47, \u003ca href=\"http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-01-13/uber-to-help-california-ex-felons-get-driver-gigs\" target=\"_blank\">an opportunity to drive\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'It's one thing to sign up online in a couple of days. It’s quite another to be fingerprinted and go down to the police station.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Sutton believes the reason Uber is opposed to fingerprint checks is that half of Uber's 400,000 drivers in the U.S. are part-timers, driving less than 10 hours a week, and many would rather not go through the process of getting fingerprinted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The companies are convinced that these people who drive casually will not bother to sign up if it's too cumbersome to do so,\" Sutton said. \"It's one thing to sign up online in a couple of days. It's quite another to be fingerprinted and go down to the police station.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Current California regulations require ride services to conduct criminal background checks that go back seven years, but not fingerprint checks. Sutton believes regulators have been slow to require a stricter screening process because of Uber's political power and success in beating back tougher regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest regulatory battles is happening in Austin, Texas, where both Uber and Lyft threatened to leave after the city council voted to require fingerprint checks. Uber then supported a successful campaign to \u003ca href=\"http://www.mystatesman.com/news/news/local-govt-politics/council-sets-may-7-ballot-on-ride-hailing/nqRgm/\" target=\"_blank\">put the issue before voters\u003c/a> this May, while signatures to recall a city councilwoman who pushed for fingerprint checks have been \u003ca href=\"http://kxan.com/2016/02/23/petition-to-recall-ann-kitchen-to-be-validated-by-clerks-office/\" target=\"_blank\">submitted to the city clerk\u003c/a>. Both Uber and Lyft have said they \u003ca href=\"http://kxan.com/2016/02/01/petition-organized-to-recall-austin-council-member-ann-kitchen/\" target=\"_blank\">do not support the recall effort\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, two efforts in the state Legislature by Assemblyman Adrin Nazarian (D-Sherman Oaks) that would have required fingerprint checks died in committee. However, Assemblyman Jim Cooper hopes a bill he introduced in September requiring stricter background checks will pass this time around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I scratch my head when I hear that Uber drivers in New York are fingerprinted,\" said Cooper, a former sheriff's captain. \"Whatever Uber's background check is, it should be consistent. And right now, in talking to other jurisdictions, it's inconsistent.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooper, whose daughter is an Uber driver, said he believes the CPUC hasn't required tougher background checks because it lacks resources and is \"spread very thin.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though he agrees fingerprint checks are the gold standard, his bill doesn't explicitly require fingerprint checks because the Elk Grove Democrat said he wants to first have a dialogue with the companies. For now, his bill calls for \"comprehensive criminal background checks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Their current reporting standard is subpar at best,\" said Cooper, whose bill is expected to get its first committee hearing in the Senate later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sutton said ride-service companies may likely change their policies on background checks when enough customers demand it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Essentially, what's happening is exactly what happened in the taxi industry,\" Sutton said. \"Enough bad things happened that enough people become aware that this is absolutely a must-do, and so the political will was established.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Beam Me Up, Scotty? Turns Out Your Brain Is Ready for Teleportation",
"title": "Beam Me Up, Scotty? Turns Out Your Brain Is Ready for Teleportation",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Given \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2015/07/29/427161157/beam-me-up-teleporting-is-real-even-if-trekkie-transport-isnt\">recent advances\u003c/a> in teleportation, it's reassuring to know that the human brain's navigation system appears to work just fine when we're beamed from place to place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People who experienced virtual teleportation in a video game were able to mentally navigate to known destinations without relying on visual information or perceived motion, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.cell.com/neuron/fulltext/S0896-6273(16)00092-1\">study\u003c/a> published Thursday by the journal \u003cem>Neuron\u003c/em>. And during teleportation, their brains produced a distinctive electrical signal that's associated with navigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if teleporters do start showing up, don't worry. \"Our brain will be OK with that,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://mindbrain.ucdavis.edu/people/ekstrom\">Arne Ekstrom\u003c/a>, an associate professor of psychology at the University of California, Davis, and the study's senior author.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study was part of an effort to understand the role of a distinctive low-frequency electrical oscillation in the hippocampus, a part of the brain that plays an important role in navigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's been all these studies over decades trying to figure out what this signal does,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://lindsayvass.com/\">Lindsay Vass\u003c/a>, a postdoctoral scholar at UC Davis and the study's lead author.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oscillation occurs when a person or animal is traveling from one place to another. When the person or animal stops, so does the oscillation. But it's never been clear whether the signal is truly helping with navigation or just a related function, like movement or processing visual information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://www.npr.org/player/embed/468110269/468149490\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you're walking around the world you have all this incoming information,\" Vass says. \"You have your feet moving and stepping on the ground. You've got landmarks and buildings that you recognize and street signs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the UC Davis team designed an experiment that allowed them to eliminate all that information by having people travel in a virtual environment via teleporter. \"With teleportation, you don't see anything,\" Vass says. \"And nobody feels anything. You're not walking anywhere.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet you are still traveling. So your brain still needs to somehow navigate itself to a particular place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team figured that if the slow oscillations in the hippocampus were associated with movement or sensory information, they would stop during teleportation. But if they were involved in navigation, they would continue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out, the team recruited three volunteers who were awaiting surgery for severe epilepsy. As part of the treatment, surgeons had temporarily placed wires in the patient's brains that monitored electrical activity. This let the UC Davis team measure low-frequency oscillations coming from the hippocampus as they happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"ZqZdp7TzGdkN97o3jJPrcUKPZfcmMbEi\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The volunteers were asked to navigate from place to place in a virtual town. One option was to walk. But in several spots, players could enter a teleportation port that would act as a short cut to a specific spot in town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They would pop out of the teleporter, and we would give them a new place to find,\" Vass says. \"So we would say, 'OK, now go find the pet store.' And they have to know, 'OK, based on the direction I'm facing now, do I need to turn to the right or the left or is it behind me?' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As expected, the brain oscillations in the hippocampus were present while players were moving about in the virtual environment and absent when they stopped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So the critical question for us was what happens as soon as you enter the teleporter,\" Vass says. \"What happens to the oscillation? And what we found was it was still present.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What's more, the oscillation changed a bit depending on whether the person had been teleported a long distance or a short one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, when the volunteers arrived, they knew where they were. During teleportation, their brains had successfully navigated to the new destination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is what we call mental navigation,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.buzsakilab.com/\">Gyorgy Buzsaki\u003c/a>, a brain scientist at New York University who wasn't involved in the teleportation study. \"Somehow the brain can disengage from the environment and we are still navigating mentally.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the study's results suggest those low-frequency oscillations are coordinating the activity of neurons involved in mental navigation, Buzsaki says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Given \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2015/07/29/427161157/beam-me-up-teleporting-is-real-even-if-trekkie-transport-isnt\">recent advances\u003c/a> in teleportation, it's reassuring to know that the human brain's navigation system appears to work just fine when we're beamed from place to place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People who experienced virtual teleportation in a video game were able to mentally navigate to known destinations without relying on visual information or perceived motion, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.cell.com/neuron/fulltext/S0896-6273(16)00092-1\">study\u003c/a> published Thursday by the journal \u003cem>Neuron\u003c/em>. And during teleportation, their brains produced a distinctive electrical signal that's associated with navigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if teleporters do start showing up, don't worry. \"Our brain will be OK with that,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://mindbrain.ucdavis.edu/people/ekstrom\">Arne Ekstrom\u003c/a>, an associate professor of psychology at the University of California, Davis, and the study's senior author.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study was part of an effort to understand the role of a distinctive low-frequency electrical oscillation in the hippocampus, a part of the brain that plays an important role in navigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's been all these studies over decades trying to figure out what this signal does,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://lindsayvass.com/\">Lindsay Vass\u003c/a>, a postdoctoral scholar at UC Davis and the study's lead author.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oscillation occurs when a person or animal is traveling from one place to another. When the person or animal stops, so does the oscillation. But it's never been clear whether the signal is truly helping with navigation or just a related function, like movement or processing visual information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://www.npr.org/player/embed/468110269/468149490\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you're walking around the world you have all this incoming information,\" Vass says. \"You have your feet moving and stepping on the ground. You've got landmarks and buildings that you recognize and street signs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the UC Davis team designed an experiment that allowed them to eliminate all that information by having people travel in a virtual environment via teleporter. \"With teleportation, you don't see anything,\" Vass says. \"And nobody feels anything. You're not walking anywhere.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet you are still traveling. So your brain still needs to somehow navigate itself to a particular place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team figured that if the slow oscillations in the hippocampus were associated with movement or sensory information, they would stop during teleportation. But if they were involved in navigation, they would continue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out, the team recruited three volunteers who were awaiting surgery for severe epilepsy. As part of the treatment, surgeons had temporarily placed wires in the patient's brains that monitored electrical activity. This let the UC Davis team measure low-frequency oscillations coming from the hippocampus as they happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The volunteers were asked to navigate from place to place in a virtual town. One option was to walk. But in several spots, players could enter a teleportation port that would act as a short cut to a specific spot in town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They would pop out of the teleporter, and we would give them a new place to find,\" Vass says. \"So we would say, 'OK, now go find the pet store.' And they have to know, 'OK, based on the direction I'm facing now, do I need to turn to the right or the left or is it behind me?' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As expected, the brain oscillations in the hippocampus were present while players were moving about in the virtual environment and absent when they stopped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So the critical question for us was what happens as soon as you enter the teleporter,\" Vass says. \"What happens to the oscillation? And what we found was it was still present.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What's more, the oscillation changed a bit depending on whether the person had been teleported a long distance or a short one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, when the volunteers arrived, they knew where they were. During teleportation, their brains had successfully navigated to the new destination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is what we call mental navigation,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.buzsakilab.com/\">Gyorgy Buzsaki\u003c/a>, a brain scientist at New York University who wasn't involved in the teleportation study. \"Somehow the brain can disengage from the environment and we are still navigating mentally.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the study's results suggest those low-frequency oscillations are coordinating the activity of neurons involved in mental navigation, Buzsaki says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Apple CEO Defends Decision to Fight FBI on Hacking Shooter's iPhone",
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"content": "\u003cp>WASHINGTON — Apple CEO Tim Cook acknowledged to employees Monday that \"it does not feel right\" to refuse to help the FBI hack a locked iPhone used by a gunman in the San Bernardino mass shootings. But he said that to do so would threaten data security for millions and \"everyone's civil liberties.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have no tolerance or sympathy for terrorists,\" Cook wrote in \u003ca href=\"http://www.theverge.com/2016/2/22/11092028/apple-tim-cook-fbi-encryption-internal-memo\" target=\"_blank\">an early morning email\u003c/a> addressed to company employees \"When they commit unspeakable acts like the tragic attacks in San Bernardino, we work to help the authorities pursue justice for the victims.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he reiterated the company's position that to hack the San Bernardino gunman's phone would ultimately risk \"security of hundreds of millions of law-abiding people.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'This case is about much more than a single phone or a single investigation, so when we received the government's order we knew we had to speak out.'\u003ccite>Tim Cook,\u003cbr>\nApple CEO\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Cook's email came just hours after FBI director James Comey said in an online post that Apple owes it to the San Bernardino victims to cooperate and said the dispute wasn't about creating legal precedent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FBI \"can't look the survivors in the eye, or ourselves in the mirror, if we don't follow this lead,\" Comey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The iPhone used by Syed Farook, who along with his wife killed 14 people in the Dec. 2 rampage, was locked. At the government's request, a federal judge has ordered Apple to help the FBI hack into the password-protected phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case has sparked nationwide debate over digital privacy and national security. Apple, in its message to employees, appeared to be sensitive to criticism that the company is simply trying to protect its proprietary business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Apple is a uniquely American company,\" Cook wrote. \"It does not feel right to be on the opposite side of the government in a case centering on the freedoms and liberties that government is meant to protect.\" But he said: \"This case is about much more than a single phone or a single investigation, so when we received the government's order we knew we had to speak out.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"fUJZSDLfIzkYUILHJVE7V4iPkg7CDfW0\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey, in a statement \u003ca href=\"https://www.lawfareblog.com/we-could-not-look-survivors-eye-if-we-did-not-follow-lead\" target=\"_blank\">posted on the Lawfare blog\u003c/a>, sought to defend the FBI demand for access to the iPhone as well as counter Apple's arguments that the request risks threatening the digital privacy of Apple customers all over the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We simply want the chance, with a search warrant, to try to guess the terrorist's passcode without the phone essentially self-destructing and without it taking a decade to guess correctly. That's it,\" Comey wrote in a four-paragraph statement. \"We don't want to break anyone's encryption or set a master key loose on the land.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cook's message to employees said \"thank you for your support\" in the subject line. He told employees that the company believes abiding by the judge's order would set a dangerous precedent that would essentially create a back door to the encrypted iPhone. That would set \"a dangerous precedent that threatens everyone's civil liberties,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An accompanying question-and-answer posting for customers acknowledges that while it is technically possible for Apple to do what the judge ordered, that it's \"something we believe is too dangerous to do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple also points to the difficulty of keeping such a \"master key\" safe once it has been created. The government has said that Apple could keep the specialized technology it would create to help officials hack the phone — bypassing a security time delay and feature that erases all data after 10 consecutive, unsuccessful attempts to guess the unlocking passcode. This would allow the FBI to use technology to rapidly and repeatedly test numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cook said that if the company's engineers were to do as ordered, Apple would do its best to protect the technology, but that the company \"would be relentlessly attacked by hackers and cybercriminals.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The only way to guarantee such a powerful tool isn't abused and doesn't fall into the wrong hands is to never create it,\" Apple said. The company has until Friday to formally protest the ruling in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case would not have existed if the county government that owned the iPhone had installed a feature on it that would have allowed the FBI to easily and immediately unlock the phone. San Bernardino County had bought the technology, known as mobile device management from MobileIron Inc., but never installed it on any of the inspectors' phones, including Farook's, said county spokesman David Wert said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no countywide policy on the matter and departments make their own decisions, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The service costs $4 per month per phone.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>WASHINGTON — Apple CEO Tim Cook acknowledged to employees Monday that \"it does not feel right\" to refuse to help the FBI hack a locked iPhone used by a gunman in the San Bernardino mass shootings. But he said that to do so would threaten data security for millions and \"everyone's civil liberties.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have no tolerance or sympathy for terrorists,\" Cook wrote in \u003ca href=\"http://www.theverge.com/2016/2/22/11092028/apple-tim-cook-fbi-encryption-internal-memo\" target=\"_blank\">an early morning email\u003c/a> addressed to company employees \"When they commit unspeakable acts like the tragic attacks in San Bernardino, we work to help the authorities pursue justice for the victims.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he reiterated the company's position that to hack the San Bernardino gunman's phone would ultimately risk \"security of hundreds of millions of law-abiding people.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'This case is about much more than a single phone or a single investigation, so when we received the government's order we knew we had to speak out.'\u003ccite>Tim Cook,\u003cbr>\nApple CEO\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Cook's email came just hours after FBI director James Comey said in an online post that Apple owes it to the San Bernardino victims to cooperate and said the dispute wasn't about creating legal precedent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FBI \"can't look the survivors in the eye, or ourselves in the mirror, if we don't follow this lead,\" Comey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The iPhone used by Syed Farook, who along with his wife killed 14 people in the Dec. 2 rampage, was locked. At the government's request, a federal judge has ordered Apple to help the FBI hack into the password-protected phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case has sparked nationwide debate over digital privacy and national security. Apple, in its message to employees, appeared to be sensitive to criticism that the company is simply trying to protect its proprietary business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Apple is a uniquely American company,\" Cook wrote. \"It does not feel right to be on the opposite side of the government in a case centering on the freedoms and liberties that government is meant to protect.\" But he said: \"This case is about much more than a single phone or a single investigation, so when we received the government's order we knew we had to speak out.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey, in a statement \u003ca href=\"https://www.lawfareblog.com/we-could-not-look-survivors-eye-if-we-did-not-follow-lead\" target=\"_blank\">posted on the Lawfare blog\u003c/a>, sought to defend the FBI demand for access to the iPhone as well as counter Apple's arguments that the request risks threatening the digital privacy of Apple customers all over the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We simply want the chance, with a search warrant, to try to guess the terrorist's passcode without the phone essentially self-destructing and without it taking a decade to guess correctly. That's it,\" Comey wrote in a four-paragraph statement. \"We don't want to break anyone's encryption or set a master key loose on the land.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cook's message to employees said \"thank you for your support\" in the subject line. He told employees that the company believes abiding by the judge's order would set a dangerous precedent that would essentially create a back door to the encrypted iPhone. That would set \"a dangerous precedent that threatens everyone's civil liberties,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An accompanying question-and-answer posting for customers acknowledges that while it is technically possible for Apple to do what the judge ordered, that it's \"something we believe is too dangerous to do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple also points to the difficulty of keeping such a \"master key\" safe once it has been created. The government has said that Apple could keep the specialized technology it would create to help officials hack the phone — bypassing a security time delay and feature that erases all data after 10 consecutive, unsuccessful attempts to guess the unlocking passcode. This would allow the FBI to use technology to rapidly and repeatedly test numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cook said that if the company's engineers were to do as ordered, Apple would do its best to protect the technology, but that the company \"would be relentlessly attacked by hackers and cybercriminals.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The only way to guarantee such a powerful tool isn't abused and doesn't fall into the wrong hands is to never create it,\" Apple said. The company has until Friday to formally protest the ruling in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case would not have existed if the county government that owned the iPhone had installed a feature on it that would have allowed the FBI to easily and immediately unlock the phone. San Bernardino County had bought the technology, known as mobile device management from MobileIron Inc., but never installed it on any of the inspectors' phones, including Farook's, said county spokesman David Wert said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no countywide policy on the matter and departments make their own decisions, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The service costs $4 per month per phone.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Aging Workers Find Flexibility But Not Peace of Mind in 'Gig Economy'",
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"content": "\u003cp>As a business reporter, I've heard the term \"gig economy\" a lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I've reported a number of stories that relate to it, from the rise of Uber and Lyft to the push by some port truck drivers to be classified as employees rather than independent contractors by the companies they drive for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/247947912\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I've worked full time for the same company for the last 12 years, so my own professional exposure to the gig economy is limited. But clearly, more people are turning to \"gigs\" — freelancing, working as independent contractors — to make a living, or at least some extra money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Who are these people, how many are there, and why have they chosen \"gigs\" over steady employment? My attempt to answer these questions has put me in touch with some smart and interesting people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"oQ8yHlWU3xS5D6VRvYzJtgyAMFh9vk0o\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My first image of gig-economy workers might be downright stereotypical: an army of millennials who love the freedom and flexibility of Uber driving or freelance coding from their couches. But the two gig workers I hung out with recently are both in their 60s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>David James: Handyman, Apartment Manager, Uber driver\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can’t see at this stage in my life where having just one job is going to meet all of my needs,\" 61-year-old David James told me. He was sitting in his backyard in Sunland, where he recently started renting a home with some roommates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his past professional life, James has worked full time as a bus driver and as a manager of convenience stores and a Big Boy restaurant. He is also a licensed funeral director with 20 years' experience in the funeral industry. But now, he manages an apartment building, does handyman work and drives about 30 hours a week for Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2016/02/01/57124/gig-economy-offers-aging-workers-a-flexible-place/\" target=\"_blank\">Read the full story via KPCC\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My first image of gig-economy workers might be downright stereotypical: an army of millennials who love the freedom and flexibility of Uber driving or freelance coding from their couches. But the two gig workers I hung out with recently are both in their 60s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>David James: Handyman, Apartment Manager, Uber driver\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can’t see at this stage in my life where having just one job is going to meet all of my needs,\" 61-year-old David James told me. He was sitting in his backyard in Sunland, where he recently started renting a home with some roommates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his past professional life, James has worked full time as a bus driver and as a manager of convenience stores and a Big Boy restaurant. He is also a licensed funeral director with 20 years' experience in the funeral industry. But now, he manages an apartment building, does handyman work and drives about 30 hours a week for Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2016/02/01/57124/gig-economy-offers-aging-workers-a-flexible-place/\" target=\"_blank\">Read the full story via KPCC\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California's senior senator, Dianne Feinstein, says the stakes are high in the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/02/16/judge-orders-apple-to-help-unlock-san-bernardino-shooters-iphone\" target=\"_blank\">fight over whether Apple should help the federal government\u003c/a> unlock an iPhone used by one of the San Bernardino terrorists. The Democrat wants the Cupertino tech giant to help the Department of Justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feinstein spoke Friday at an event held by the Public Policy Institute of California in Sacramento. She says her position on the Senate Intelligence Committee gives her perspective most people don’t have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And I can tell you it is a very dangerous world,” she says. “I can tell you that there is a war going on without a war being declared.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"GVAxqrCbTVLPouzMKUR4eaC7ZoKpN1VT\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feinstein said the phone could provide valuable information about the Dec. 2 attacks that killed 14 people and wounded 22.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know where everybody came from,” she says. “We don’t know if friends participated. We don’t know if it was directed from abroad, if there are others waiting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple CEO Tim Cook says the government's demand is an overreach of government power that could ultimately undermine consumer privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feinstein also serves on the Senate Judiciary Committee. And during her talk she touched on the debate over filling the current U.S. Supreme Court vacancy after the death of Antonin Scalia. She says the president is entitled to choose a nominee. And she says, historically, it’s taken an average of 68 days to confirm a Supreme Court justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10871530\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/TimCook-800x581.jpg\" alt=\"Apple CEO Tim Cook says the government’s demand to unlock the iPhone is an overreach of power that could ultimately undermine consumer privacy.\" width=\"800\" height=\"581\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10871530\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/TimCook-800x581.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/TimCook-400x290.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/TimCook.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/TimCook-1180x857.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/TimCook-960x697.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Apple CEO Tim Cook says the government’s demand to unlock the iPhone is an overreach of power that could ultimately undermine consumer privacy. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I believe very strongly that we can do this well within the 68-day margin,” she says. “That we can have somebody in place at the very latest by the middle of the year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feinstein says leaving the seat open would amount to a shortening of justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 82-year-old senator declined to say whether she’ll run for a fifth term in 2018. She told reporters her health is good, but she says no one knows what the future will bring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have to be able to get something done,” she says. “If I can’t, it’s not worth it. If I can, if I can help people, it’s worth it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She has not made an endorsement in the current Senate race to replace Democratic Sen. Barbara Boxer.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California's senior senator, Dianne Feinstein, says the stakes are high in the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/02/16/judge-orders-apple-to-help-unlock-san-bernardino-shooters-iphone\" target=\"_blank\">fight over whether Apple should help the federal government\u003c/a> unlock an iPhone used by one of the San Bernardino terrorists. The Democrat wants the Cupertino tech giant to help the Department of Justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feinstein spoke Friday at an event held by the Public Policy Institute of California in Sacramento. She says her position on the Senate Intelligence Committee gives her perspective most people don’t have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And I can tell you it is a very dangerous world,” she says. “I can tell you that there is a war going on without a war being declared.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feinstein said the phone could provide valuable information about the Dec. 2 attacks that killed 14 people and wounded 22.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know where everybody came from,” she says. “We don’t know if friends participated. We don’t know if it was directed from abroad, if there are others waiting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple CEO Tim Cook says the government's demand is an overreach of government power that could ultimately undermine consumer privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feinstein also serves on the Senate Judiciary Committee. And during her talk she touched on the debate over filling the current U.S. Supreme Court vacancy after the death of Antonin Scalia. She says the president is entitled to choose a nominee. And she says, historically, it’s taken an average of 68 days to confirm a Supreme Court justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10871530\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/TimCook-800x581.jpg\" alt=\"Apple CEO Tim Cook says the government’s demand to unlock the iPhone is an overreach of power that could ultimately undermine consumer privacy.\" width=\"800\" height=\"581\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10871530\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/TimCook-800x581.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/TimCook-400x290.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/TimCook.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/TimCook-1180x857.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/TimCook-960x697.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Apple CEO Tim Cook says the government’s demand to unlock the iPhone is an overreach of power that could ultimately undermine consumer privacy. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I believe very strongly that we can do this well within the 68-day margin,” she says. “That we can have somebody in place at the very latest by the middle of the year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feinstein says leaving the seat open would amount to a shortening of justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 82-year-old senator declined to say whether she’ll run for a fifth term in 2018. She told reporters her health is good, but she says no one knows what the future will bring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have to be able to get something done,” she says. “If I can’t, it’s not worth it. If I can, if I can help people, it’s worth it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She has not made an endorsement in the current Senate race to replace Democratic Sen. Barbara Boxer.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>MOJAVE, Kern County — Virgin Galactic is \u003ca href=\"http://www.virgingalactic.com/what-spaceshiptwos-rollout-milestone-means-and-whats-next/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rolling out\u003c/a> a new version of its SpaceShipTwo space tourism rocket as it prepares to return to flight testing for the first time since a 2014 accident destroyed the original, killed one of its pilots and set back the nascent industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The space line founded by Sir Richard Branson is unveiling the craft Friday afternoon at eastern Kern County’s Mojave Air & Space Port, where it was assembled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SpaceShipTwo is designed to be flown by a crew of two and carry up to six passengers on a high-speed flight to the edge of space. At an altitude above 100 kilometers, or 62 miles, passengers will experience a few minutes of weightlessness and see the Earth below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After years of development, Virgin Galactic appeared to be nearing the goal of turning ordinary civilians into astronauts when the first \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/10/31/virgin-galactics-spaceshiptwo-destroyed-in-test-flight\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SpaceShipTwo broke apart\u003c/a> on Oct. 31, 2014, during its fourth rocket-powered flight. Wreckage fell to the Mojave Desert floor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10871164\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10871164\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/spaceshiptwocrash-a-e1414795757345-800x446.jpg\" alt=\"Part of the wreckage of Virgin Galactic's SpaceShipTwo in the Mojave Desert north of Los Angeles.\" width=\"800\" height=\"446\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/spaceshiptwocrash-a-e1414795757345-800x446.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/spaceshiptwocrash-a-e1414795757345-400x223.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/spaceshiptwocrash-a-e1414795757345-1180x658.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/spaceshiptwocrash-a-e1414795757345-960x535.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/spaceshiptwocrash-a-e1414795757345.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Part of the wreckage of Virgin Galactic’s SpaceShipTwo in the Mojave Desert north of Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(KABC screenshot)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“When we had the accident, for about 24 hours we were wondering whether it was worth continuing, whether we should call it a day,” Branson told The Associated Press. He said engineers, astronauts and members of the public helped convince him that space travel is too important to give up on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crash investigation found that co-pilot Michael Alsbury prematurely unlocked the so-called feathering system that is intended to slow and stabilize the craft as it re-enters the atmosphere. Alsbury was killed, but pilot Peter Siebold, although seriously injured, parachuted to safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “feathers” — a term derived from the design of a badminton shuttlecock — are tail structures that extend rearward from each wingtip. They are designed to swivel upward at an angle to create drag as the spacecraft reaches its apogee, preventing a buildup of speed and heat as the craft descends. The feathers then rotate back down to normal flying position as the craft enters the lower atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/07/29/427473040/spaceship-2-pilot-was-thrown-from-the-vehicle-high-in-atmosphere\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A National Transportation Safety Board investigation found\u003c/a> that Scaled Composites, a company that was developing SpaceShipTwo with Virgin Galactic and was responsible for its test program, should have had systems to compensate for human error. The NTSB chairman, Christopher Hart, said it wasn’t a matter of shortcuts but of not considering a crew member would make the mistake that occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Virgin Galactic subsequently assumed full responsibility to complete the test program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company stressed in a statement Thursday its commitment to testing from the level of individual parts on up to the complete craft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our team’s job is to plan out not just the obvious tests but also the strange and inventive ones, to conduct those tests, and to use the data from those tests to re-examine everything about our vehicle to ensure we can take the next step forward,” it said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company did not project a timeline for actually carrying space tourists, noting that “our new vehicle will remain on the ground for a while after her unveiling, as we run her through full-vehicle tests of her electrical systems and all of her moving parts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SpaceShipTwo is the successor to SpaceShipOne, the winged rocket plane that won the $10 million Ansari X Prize in 2004 by demonstrating a reusable spacecraft capable of carrying three people could make two flights within two weeks to an altitude of least 100 kilometers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prize announced in 1996 was intended to spur the development of private manned spaceflight in the same way the Orteig Prize offered in 1919 fostered trans-Atlantic aviation. Charles Lindbergh won that prize with his nonstop flight from New York to Paris in 1927.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like SpaceShipOne, SpaceShipTwo is carried aloft beneath the wing of a mothership — a special jet aircraft that releases it at an altitude of about 45,000 feet. After gliding for a few moments, SpaceShipTwo’s pilots ignite the rocket engine to send the craft hurtling toward space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After reaching the top of its suborbital trajectory, the spacecraft begins falling back toward Earth and glides to a landing on a runway.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>MOJAVE, Kern County — Virgin Galactic is \u003ca href=\"http://www.virgingalactic.com/what-spaceshiptwos-rollout-milestone-means-and-whats-next/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rolling out\u003c/a> a new version of its SpaceShipTwo space tourism rocket as it prepares to return to flight testing for the first time since a 2014 accident destroyed the original, killed one of its pilots and set back the nascent industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The space line founded by Sir Richard Branson is unveiling the craft Friday afternoon at eastern Kern County’s Mojave Air & Space Port, where it was assembled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SpaceShipTwo is designed to be flown by a crew of two and carry up to six passengers on a high-speed flight to the edge of space. At an altitude above 100 kilometers, or 62 miles, passengers will experience a few minutes of weightlessness and see the Earth below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After years of development, Virgin Galactic appeared to be nearing the goal of turning ordinary civilians into astronauts when the first \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/10/31/virgin-galactics-spaceshiptwo-destroyed-in-test-flight\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SpaceShipTwo broke apart\u003c/a> on Oct. 31, 2014, during its fourth rocket-powered flight. Wreckage fell to the Mojave Desert floor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10871164\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10871164\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/spaceshiptwocrash-a-e1414795757345-800x446.jpg\" alt=\"Part of the wreckage of Virgin Galactic's SpaceShipTwo in the Mojave Desert north of Los Angeles.\" width=\"800\" height=\"446\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/spaceshiptwocrash-a-e1414795757345-800x446.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/spaceshiptwocrash-a-e1414795757345-400x223.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/spaceshiptwocrash-a-e1414795757345-1180x658.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/spaceshiptwocrash-a-e1414795757345-960x535.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/spaceshiptwocrash-a-e1414795757345.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Part of the wreckage of Virgin Galactic’s SpaceShipTwo in the Mojave Desert north of Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(KABC screenshot)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“When we had the accident, for about 24 hours we were wondering whether it was worth continuing, whether we should call it a day,” Branson told The Associated Press. He said engineers, astronauts and members of the public helped convince him that space travel is too important to give up on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crash investigation found that co-pilot Michael Alsbury prematurely unlocked the so-called feathering system that is intended to slow and stabilize the craft as it re-enters the atmosphere. Alsbury was killed, but pilot Peter Siebold, although seriously injured, parachuted to safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “feathers” — a term derived from the design of a badminton shuttlecock — are tail structures that extend rearward from each wingtip. They are designed to swivel upward at an angle to create drag as the spacecraft reaches its apogee, preventing a buildup of speed and heat as the craft descends. The feathers then rotate back down to normal flying position as the craft enters the lower atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/07/29/427473040/spaceship-2-pilot-was-thrown-from-the-vehicle-high-in-atmosphere\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A National Transportation Safety Board investigation found\u003c/a> that Scaled Composites, a company that was developing SpaceShipTwo with Virgin Galactic and was responsible for its test program, should have had systems to compensate for human error. The NTSB chairman, Christopher Hart, said it wasn’t a matter of shortcuts but of not considering a crew member would make the mistake that occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Virgin Galactic subsequently assumed full responsibility to complete the test program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company stressed in a statement Thursday its commitment to testing from the level of individual parts on up to the complete craft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our team’s job is to plan out not just the obvious tests but also the strange and inventive ones, to conduct those tests, and to use the data from those tests to re-examine everything about our vehicle to ensure we can take the next step forward,” it said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company did not project a timeline for actually carrying space tourists, noting that “our new vehicle will remain on the ground for a while after her unveiling, as we run her through full-vehicle tests of her electrical systems and all of her moving parts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SpaceShipTwo is the successor to SpaceShipOne, the winged rocket plane that won the $10 million Ansari X Prize in 2004 by demonstrating a reusable spacecraft capable of carrying three people could make two flights within two weeks to an altitude of least 100 kilometers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prize announced in 1996 was intended to spur the development of private manned spaceflight in the same way the Orteig Prize offered in 1919 fostered trans-Atlantic aviation. Charles Lindbergh won that prize with his nonstop flight from New York to Paris in 1927.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like SpaceShipOne, SpaceShipTwo is carried aloft beneath the wing of a mothership — a special jet aircraft that releases it at an altitude of about 45,000 feet. After gliding for a few moments, SpaceShipTwo’s pilots ignite the rocket engine to send the craft hurtling toward space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After reaching the top of its suborbital trajectory, the spacecraft begins falling back toward Earth and glides to a landing on a runway.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Apple Fighting Order to Help Unlock San Bernardino Shooter's iPhone",
"title": "Apple Fighting Order to Help Unlock San Bernardino Shooter's iPhone",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 7 a.m. Wednesday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple CEO Tim Cook says his company will fight a Southern California judge's order to help the FBI unlock an encrypted iPhone belonging to one of the San Bernardino shooters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company said aiding the government could undermine encryption for hundreds of millions of other users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"OcC5Lg2ef3mmMZrzJNuds7TLRmk6vSYo\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cook's response, \u003ca href=\"http://www.apple.com/customer-letter/\" target=\"_blank\">posted on the company's website\u003c/a>, sets the stage for a legal fight between the federal government and technology companies -- a battle with broad implications for digital privacy and national security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Magistrate Judge Sheri Pym in Riverside had ordered Apple to help the FBI break into an iPhone belonging to Syed Farook, one of the shooters in the Dec. 2 attack that killed 14 people. Farook and his wife, Tashfeen Malik, died in a gunbattle with police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling by Pym, a former federal prosecutor, requires Apple to supply software the FBI can load onto Farook's county-owned work iPhone to bypass a self-destruct feature that erases the phone's data after too many unsuccessful attempts to unlock it. The FBI wants to be able to try different combinations in rapid sequence until it finds the right one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Obama administration has embraced stronger encryption as a way to keep consumers safe on the Internet but has struggled to find a compelling example to make its case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cook said \"this moment calls for public discussion, and we want our customers and people around the country to understand what is at stake.\" He argued that the order \"has implications far beyond the legal case at hand.\" He said it could undermine encryption by using specialized software to create a back door akin to a \"master key, capable of opening hundreds of millions of locks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the wrong hands, this software — which does not exist today — would have the potential to unlock any iPhone in someone's physical possession,\" Cook wrote. \"The FBI may use different words to describe this tool, but make no mistake: Building a version of iOS that bypasses security in this way would undeniably create a back door. And while the government may argue that its use would be limited to this case, there is no way to guarantee such control.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal prosecutors told Pym that they can't access Farook's work phone because they don't know his passcode and Apple has not helped bypass it. Under U.S. law, a work phone is generally the property of a person's employer. The magistrate judge told Apple in Tuesday's proceeding to provide an estimate of its cost to comply with her order, suggesting that the government will be expected to pay for the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cook's public letter sad the company has cooperated with the government investigators, doing \"everything that is both within our power and within the law to help them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When the FBI has requested data that’s in our possession, we have provided it,\" Cook wrote. \"Apple complies with valid subpoenas and search warrants, as we have in the San Bernardino case. We have also made Apple engineers available to advise the FBI, and we’ve offered our best ideas on a number of investigative options at their disposal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple has provided default encryption on its iPhones since 2014, allowing any device's contents to be accessed only by the user who knows the phone's passcode. Previously, the company could use an extraction tool that would physically plug into the phone and allow it to respond to search warrant requests from the government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The magistrate's order requires that the software Apple provides be programmed to work only on Farook's phone, and said Apple has five days to notify the court if it believes the ruling is unreasonably burdensome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was not immediately clear what investigators believe they might find on Farook's work phone or why the information would not be available from third-party service providers, such as Google or Facebook, though investigators think the device may hold clues about whom the couple communicated with and where they may have traveled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The phone was running the newest version of Apple's iPhone operating system. It was configured to erase data after 10 consecutive unsuccessful unlocking attempts. The FBI said that feature appeared to be active on Farook's iPhone as of the last time he performed a backup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farook and Malik took pains to physically destroy two personally owned cellphones, crushing them beyond the FBI's ability to recover information from them. They also removed a hard drive from their computer; it has not been found despite investigators diving for days for potential electronic evidence in a nearby lake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farook was not carrying his work iPhone during the attack. It was discovered after a subsequent search.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge didn't spell out her rationale in her three-page order, but the ruling comes amid a similar case in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators are still working to piece together a missing 18 minutes in Farook and Malik's timeline from that day. Investigators have concluded they were at least partly inspired by the Islamic State group. Malik's Facebook page included a note pledging allegiance to the group's leader around the time of the attack.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 7 a.m. Wednesday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple CEO Tim Cook says his company will fight a Southern California judge's order to help the FBI unlock an encrypted iPhone belonging to one of the San Bernardino shooters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company said aiding the government could undermine encryption for hundreds of millions of other users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cook's response, \u003ca href=\"http://www.apple.com/customer-letter/\" target=\"_blank\">posted on the company's website\u003c/a>, sets the stage for a legal fight between the federal government and technology companies -- a battle with broad implications for digital privacy and national security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Magistrate Judge Sheri Pym in Riverside had ordered Apple to help the FBI break into an iPhone belonging to Syed Farook, one of the shooters in the Dec. 2 attack that killed 14 people. Farook and his wife, Tashfeen Malik, died in a gunbattle with police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling by Pym, a former federal prosecutor, requires Apple to supply software the FBI can load onto Farook's county-owned work iPhone to bypass a self-destruct feature that erases the phone's data after too many unsuccessful attempts to unlock it. The FBI wants to be able to try different combinations in rapid sequence until it finds the right one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Obama administration has embraced stronger encryption as a way to keep consumers safe on the Internet but has struggled to find a compelling example to make its case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cook said \"this moment calls for public discussion, and we want our customers and people around the country to understand what is at stake.\" He argued that the order \"has implications far beyond the legal case at hand.\" He said it could undermine encryption by using specialized software to create a back door akin to a \"master key, capable of opening hundreds of millions of locks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the wrong hands, this software — which does not exist today — would have the potential to unlock any iPhone in someone's physical possession,\" Cook wrote. \"The FBI may use different words to describe this tool, but make no mistake: Building a version of iOS that bypasses security in this way would undeniably create a back door. And while the government may argue that its use would be limited to this case, there is no way to guarantee such control.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal prosecutors told Pym that they can't access Farook's work phone because they don't know his passcode and Apple has not helped bypass it. Under U.S. law, a work phone is generally the property of a person's employer. The magistrate judge told Apple in Tuesday's proceeding to provide an estimate of its cost to comply with her order, suggesting that the government will be expected to pay for the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cook's public letter sad the company has cooperated with the government investigators, doing \"everything that is both within our power and within the law to help them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When the FBI has requested data that’s in our possession, we have provided it,\" Cook wrote. \"Apple complies with valid subpoenas and search warrants, as we have in the San Bernardino case. We have also made Apple engineers available to advise the FBI, and we’ve offered our best ideas on a number of investigative options at their disposal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple has provided default encryption on its iPhones since 2014, allowing any device's contents to be accessed only by the user who knows the phone's passcode. Previously, the company could use an extraction tool that would physically plug into the phone and allow it to respond to search warrant requests from the government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The magistrate's order requires that the software Apple provides be programmed to work only on Farook's phone, and said Apple has five days to notify the court if it believes the ruling is unreasonably burdensome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was not immediately clear what investigators believe they might find on Farook's work phone or why the information would not be available from third-party service providers, such as Google or Facebook, though investigators think the device may hold clues about whom the couple communicated with and where they may have traveled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The phone was running the newest version of Apple's iPhone operating system. It was configured to erase data after 10 consecutive unsuccessful unlocking attempts. The FBI said that feature appeared to be active on Farook's iPhone as of the last time he performed a backup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farook and Malik took pains to physically destroy two personally owned cellphones, crushing them beyond the FBI's ability to recover information from them. They also removed a hard drive from their computer; it has not been found despite investigators diving for days for potential electronic evidence in a nearby lake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farook was not carrying his work iPhone during the attack. It was discovered after a subsequent search.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge didn't spell out her rationale in her three-page order, but the ruling comes amid a similar case in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators are still working to piece together a missing 18 minutes in Farook and Malik's timeline from that day. Investigators have concluded they were at least partly inspired by the Islamic State group. Malik's Facebook page included a note pledging allegiance to the group's leader around the time of the attack.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "San Francisco Supervisors Split Over Extension of Tech Shuttle Bus Program",
"title": "San Francisco Supervisors Split Over Extension of Tech Shuttle Bus Program",
"headTitle": "News Fix | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>San Francisco faces a renewed political battle over tech company shuttles plying the city's streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Members of the Board of Supervisors' moderate faction are disputing colleagues' claims that technology firms are on board with \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/02/09/s-f-supervisors-deal-would-extend-tech-shuttle-bus-program\" target=\"_blank\">a tentative agreement\u003c/a> that could impose new restrictions on how the shuttle buses operate. One of the moderates, Supervisor Scott Wiener, says the real intent of the reported deal is \"to make the shuttles go away.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this week, Supervisors David Campos, Norman Yee and London Breed announced they had brokered a tentative agreement with tech companies that would grant a one-year extension for \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfmta.com/projects-planning/projects/commuter-shuttles-policy-and-pilot-program\" target=\"_blank\">a city program\u003c/a> that allows the shuttles to use Muni bus stops in return for a fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The firms involved in the talks include Google, Apple, Facebook and Genentech. Thousands of workers for those companies and others ride the shuttles every day to get to and from campuses on the Peninsula and in Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The proposed changes to the shuttle program by several of my colleagues are nothing more than an effort to tear down the shuttle system.'\u003ccite>Supervisor Scott Wiener\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The prospective deal also calls for a six-month review that would assess the shuttles' impact on air pollution and traffic congestion. The review would also consider capping the number of Muni stops the shuttles could use at 125, creating centralized stops or hubs for some shuttle routes and barring the big buses from narrow neighborhood streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement would allow the San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency to avoid, for now, a full environmental impact report on the shuttle program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News of the deal provoked angry responses from Wiener and Supervisor Mark Farrell, who accused Campos et al. of trying to kill the tech shuttles by making it harder for them to operate. Farrell and Wiener were joined by Supervisor Katy Tang on Tuesday in voting against a resolution to delay action on extending the shuttle program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is no need to delay the program further with politically motivated, nonbinding recommendations that have not been vetted by any transportation experts,\" Farrell said in an email after the vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The continued delay of this vote -- and the proposed changes to the shuttle program by several of my colleagues -- are nothing more than an effort to tear down the shuttle system,\" Wiener said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said some shuttle riders would have to take at least one Muni bus to get to prospective hubs, adding more time to their commute and probably leading more of them to drive to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's the intent of the supervisors who are pushing this -- to make the shuttles go away and, they hope, the tech workers with them,\" Wiener said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener and a spokesman for the Bay Area Council, a business lobbying group, question whether the tech companies ever agreed to the deal Campos described.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is no formal agreement on proposed amendments to the approved shuttle program,\" said Rufus Jeffris, vice president of communications for the council. He said talks involving the tech companies, the council, the SFMTA and members of the Board of Supervisors are ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's confounding to see how a program that is removing 2 million car trips a year from our congested roads and highways is not viewed as a major benefit for all San Francisco residents,\" said Jeffris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the companies involved in the negotiations, only Genentech responded to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10859170\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/shuttlebuspermit.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10859170\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10859170\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/shuttlebuspermit-400x252.jpg\" alt=\"A permit issued by the San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency for the city's tech shuttle pilot program.\" width=\"400\" height=\"252\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/shuttlebuspermit-400x252.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/shuttlebuspermit-800x505.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/shuttlebuspermit-768x485.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/shuttlebuspermit-1440x909.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/shuttlebuspermit-1180x745.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/shuttlebuspermit-960x606.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/shuttlebuspermit.jpg 1919w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A permit issued by the San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency for the city's tech shuttle pilot program. \u003ccite>(Dan Brekke/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"We are hopeful that all parties involved in ongoing discussions around the shuttle program will work together to reach a resolution that will take cars off the road and allow employees to commute to work in a practical and environmentally sustainable way,\" said Susan Wilson, a Genentech spokeswoman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campos said Thursday the talks are ongoing. \"I'm cautiously optimistic that we'll be able to finalize the tentative agreement,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Program critics say the shuttles have accelerated gentrification and displacement in many San Francisco neighborhoods and have been pressing the Board of Supervisors to require an environmental review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFMTA has studied the idea of \"hubs\" in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Glen Park and Balboa BART stations, Candlestick Point, Alemany Farmers' Market and the future Transbay Terminal were reviewed as potential hub locations, according to a memo the transit agency sent to the Board of Supervisors last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tom Maguire, who heads the agency's Sustainable Streets initiative, wrote that for a hub to serve as a feasible location, it would need to have enough space for dozens of shuttles every hour, be available during morning and afternoon peak hours, and be accessible to mass transit and nearby highways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is limited physical space, if any, to accommodate the commuter shuttle buses in one concentrated location,\" Maguire said. \"Concentrating commuter shuttles at hubs could have more intense air quality impacts and roadway congestion than the adopted program's distributed network.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San Francisco faces a renewed political battle over tech company shuttles plying the city's streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Members of the Board of Supervisors' moderate faction are disputing colleagues' claims that technology firms are on board with \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/02/09/s-f-supervisors-deal-would-extend-tech-shuttle-bus-program\" target=\"_blank\">a tentative agreement\u003c/a> that could impose new restrictions on how the shuttle buses operate. One of the moderates, Supervisor Scott Wiener, says the real intent of the reported deal is \"to make the shuttles go away.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this week, Supervisors David Campos, Norman Yee and London Breed announced they had brokered a tentative agreement with tech companies that would grant a one-year extension for \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfmta.com/projects-planning/projects/commuter-shuttles-policy-and-pilot-program\" target=\"_blank\">a city program\u003c/a> that allows the shuttles to use Muni bus stops in return for a fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The firms involved in the talks include Google, Apple, Facebook and Genentech. Thousands of workers for those companies and others ride the shuttles every day to get to and from campuses on the Peninsula and in Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The proposed changes to the shuttle program by several of my colleagues are nothing more than an effort to tear down the shuttle system.'\u003ccite>Supervisor Scott Wiener\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The prospective deal also calls for a six-month review that would assess the shuttles' impact on air pollution and traffic congestion. The review would also consider capping the number of Muni stops the shuttles could use at 125, creating centralized stops or hubs for some shuttle routes and barring the big buses from narrow neighborhood streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement would allow the San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency to avoid, for now, a full environmental impact report on the shuttle program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News of the deal provoked angry responses from Wiener and Supervisor Mark Farrell, who accused Campos et al. of trying to kill the tech shuttles by making it harder for them to operate. Farrell and Wiener were joined by Supervisor Katy Tang on Tuesday in voting against a resolution to delay action on extending the shuttle program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is no need to delay the program further with politically motivated, nonbinding recommendations that have not been vetted by any transportation experts,\" Farrell said in an email after the vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The continued delay of this vote -- and the proposed changes to the shuttle program by several of my colleagues -- are nothing more than an effort to tear down the shuttle system,\" Wiener said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said some shuttle riders would have to take at least one Muni bus to get to prospective hubs, adding more time to their commute and probably leading more of them to drive to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's the intent of the supervisors who are pushing this -- to make the shuttles go away and, they hope, the tech workers with them,\" Wiener said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener and a spokesman for the Bay Area Council, a business lobbying group, question whether the tech companies ever agreed to the deal Campos described.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is no formal agreement on proposed amendments to the approved shuttle program,\" said Rufus Jeffris, vice president of communications for the council. He said talks involving the tech companies, the council, the SFMTA and members of the Board of Supervisors are ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's confounding to see how a program that is removing 2 million car trips a year from our congested roads and highways is not viewed as a major benefit for all San Francisco residents,\" said Jeffris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the companies involved in the negotiations, only Genentech responded to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10859170\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/shuttlebuspermit.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10859170\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10859170\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/shuttlebuspermit-400x252.jpg\" alt=\"A permit issued by the San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency for the city's tech shuttle pilot program.\" width=\"400\" height=\"252\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/shuttlebuspermit-400x252.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/shuttlebuspermit-800x505.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/shuttlebuspermit-768x485.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/shuttlebuspermit-1440x909.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/shuttlebuspermit-1180x745.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/shuttlebuspermit-960x606.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/shuttlebuspermit.jpg 1919w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A permit issued by the San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency for the city's tech shuttle pilot program. \u003ccite>(Dan Brekke/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"We are hopeful that all parties involved in ongoing discussions around the shuttle program will work together to reach a resolution that will take cars off the road and allow employees to commute to work in a practical and environmentally sustainable way,\" said Susan Wilson, a Genentech spokeswoman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campos said Thursday the talks are ongoing. \"I'm cautiously optimistic that we'll be able to finalize the tentative agreement,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Program critics say the shuttles have accelerated gentrification and displacement in many San Francisco neighborhoods and have been pressing the Board of Supervisors to require an environmental review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SFMTA has studied the idea of \"hubs\" in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Glen Park and Balboa BART stations, Candlestick Point, Alemany Farmers' Market and the future Transbay Terminal were reviewed as potential hub locations, according to a memo the transit agency sent to the Board of Supervisors last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tom Maguire, who heads the agency's Sustainable Streets initiative, wrote that for a hub to serve as a feasible location, it would need to have enough space for dozens of shuttles every hour, be available during morning and afternoon peak hours, and be accessible to mass transit and nearby highways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is limited physical space, if any, to accommodate the commuter shuttle buses in one concentrated location,\" Maguire said. \"Concentrating commuter shuttles at hubs could have more intense air quality impacts and roadway congestion than the adopted program's distributed network.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "silicon-valleys-indian-community-pushes-to-reform-h1b-visa-program",
"title": "Silicon Valley's Indian Community Pushes to Reform H1B Visa Program",
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"content": "\u003cp>The H1B visa is such a big deal for the Indian expatriate community in Silicon Valley that immigration lawyer Madhuri Nemali has been able to build her business around it. Nemali says over half of her clients are Indian nationals struggling with some aspect of the visa program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The H1B is a temporary work permit that’s intended for those with highly specialized skills, like computer engineering. Workers from India receive far more H1Bs than people from any other country — some years, nearly 10 times as many as workers from China, \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/USCIS/Resources/Reports%20and%20Studies/H-1B/h-1B-characteristics-report-14.pdf\">who are second on the list\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of thousands of Indian expats hold H1B visas. Many live in Silicon Valley, and many feel the H1B program has major problems no one is addressing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/247562281″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nemali says clients come to her office in San Jose with all kinds of H1B issues. Many have trouble getting one. Some who hold the visa are being taken advantage of by their employers. Others have put down roots but now can’t get a green card, which is proof of permanent residency. The H1B visa affects the whole Indian community, Nemali says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10861405\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 380px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-10861405\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/Madhuri-Nemali-KQED-Pic-800x486.jpg\" alt=\"Madhuri Nemali says over half her clients are Indians struggling with H1B visas\" width=\"380\" height=\"231\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/Madhuri-Nemali-KQED-Pic-800x486.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/Madhuri-Nemali-KQED-Pic-400x243.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/Madhuri-Nemali-KQED-Pic-768x466.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/Madhuri-Nemali-KQED-Pic-1440x874.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/Madhuri-Nemali-KQED-Pic-1920x1165.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/Madhuri-Nemali-KQED-Pic-1180x716.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/Madhuri-Nemali-KQED-Pic-960x583.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 380px) 100vw, 380px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Madhuri Nemali says over half her clients are Indians struggling with H1B visas \u003ccite>(Madhuri Nemali)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of one of those solidarity things,” Nemali says. “You’re either going through it personally, or you know someone who is going through it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is so much discontent about the visa that some Indians on H1Bs, like Avinash Conda, are trying to change the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conda is a marketing manager. He says that, unlike with most people, the visa has worked well for him. He came from India, finished graduate school in Kentucky and got an H1B to work at a small tech company. Now his current employer is sponsoring him for a green card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wish my story wasn’t an anomaly,” Conda says. “I wish everyone had the path as easy as I had it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, Conda says, H1Bs are hard to get. There’s a lottery, and sometimes just one of every three or four applicants succeeds. If you do get one, you are then dependent on an employer for sponsorship. Companies have been sued for abusing this leverage, doing illegal things like forcing employees to pay thousands in visa fees, or making them sign bondage contracts so they cannot quit without paying a bunch of cash.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘It’s modern-day slavery, more or less.’\u003ccite>Avinash Conda,\u003cbr>\nH1B visa holder\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“It’s modern-day slavery, more or less,” Conda says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conda concedes that’s a bit of an overstatement. But he says it should be easier for H1B workers to become permanent residents so that they have more power in the workplace. He is writing to legislators and organizing with other foreign workers who he says are overlooked by politicians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“None of the H1Bs are voters,” Conda says. “We’re hardly heard because we don’t matter at this point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest advocates in the Indian community for overhauling the H1B visa is not a worker, but a tech businessman — Neeraj Gupta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Conda, Gupta was also on an H1B once. He says worker abuse is the result of a bigger problem: The visa is no longer being used just to get top talent, but instead to outsource jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘As you delve deeper into the data, it’s quite clear that a large majority of the use of the program is directed toward the outsourcing industry.’ \u003ccite>Neeraj Gupta,\u003cbr>\nVenture capitalist\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“As you delve deeper into the data,” Gupta says, “it’s quite clear that a large majority of the use of the program is directed toward the outsourcing industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here is how the outsourcing works: Gupta says about 80 percent of H1B visas go to low-level IT workers at contracting companies you have probably never heard of, firms like Wipro and Infosys. This makes it harder for higher-skilled workers like Avinash Conda to win the H1B lottery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Gupta says American businesses lay off employees and hand over the work to IT contractors. Last year, Disney and Southern California Edison were in the news for \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/04/us/last-task-after-layoff-at-disney-train-foreign-replacements.html?_r=0\">replacing long-term employees with H1Bs.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gupta saw the tactic in action as an executive for a big outsourcing firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I remember sitting in Washington, D.C., in 2008 with a proposal that was going to outsource 300 jobs,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tech industry \u003ca href=\"http://audio.californiareport.org/archive/R201303220850/b\">has lobbied aggressively for more H1Bs\u003c/a>, saying there is not enough talent in the United States to fill jobs. Gupta doesn’t buy it. The outsourcing made him so queasy he founded his own IT staffing company, one that “in-sourced” — hired Americans and immigrants who had put down roots here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe there is an underutilized workforce here in the U.S.,” Gupta says, “Kids who could get much more meaningful jobs in the technology industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gupta has testified before Congress, where reform efforts have failed again and again. He does not think the H1B will be revamped anytime soon, especially considering that we’re in an election year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madhuri Nemali is meeting with another client, a young college grad who needs an H1B to stay in the country. Nemali explains that there are not many options if she does not win the H1B lottery. The woman is sitting with her boyfriend, taking notes, writing down the important dates and key numbers. She cannot believe her fate is up to a random lottery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nemali says it makes sense that Indians are the ones speaking up about the H1B. More than anyone, they are experiencing the problems connected to this visa. Indians are on the frontlines Nemali says. It’s up to them to keep pushing for change.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The H1B visa is such a big deal for the Indian expatriate community in Silicon Valley that immigration lawyer Madhuri Nemali has been able to build her business around it. Nemali says over half of her clients are Indian nationals struggling with some aspect of the visa program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The H1B is a temporary work permit that’s intended for those with highly specialized skills, like computer engineering. Workers from India receive far more H1Bs than people from any other country — some years, nearly 10 times as many as workers from China, \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/USCIS/Resources/Reports%20and%20Studies/H-1B/h-1B-characteristics-report-14.pdf\">who are second on the list\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of thousands of Indian expats hold H1B visas. Many live in Silicon Valley, and many feel the H1B program has major problems no one is addressing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/247562281″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/247562281″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nemali says clients come to her office in San Jose with all kinds of H1B issues. Many have trouble getting one. Some who hold the visa are being taken advantage of by their employers. Others have put down roots but now can’t get a green card, which is proof of permanent residency. The H1B visa affects the whole Indian community, Nemali says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10861405\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 380px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-10861405\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/Madhuri-Nemali-KQED-Pic-800x486.jpg\" alt=\"Madhuri Nemali says over half her clients are Indians struggling with H1B visas\" width=\"380\" height=\"231\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/Madhuri-Nemali-KQED-Pic-800x486.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/Madhuri-Nemali-KQED-Pic-400x243.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/Madhuri-Nemali-KQED-Pic-768x466.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/Madhuri-Nemali-KQED-Pic-1440x874.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/Madhuri-Nemali-KQED-Pic-1920x1165.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/Madhuri-Nemali-KQED-Pic-1180x716.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/02/Madhuri-Nemali-KQED-Pic-960x583.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 380px) 100vw, 380px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Madhuri Nemali says over half her clients are Indians struggling with H1B visas \u003ccite>(Madhuri Nemali)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s kind of one of those solidarity things,” Nemali says. “You’re either going through it personally, or you know someone who is going through it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is so much discontent about the visa that some Indians on H1Bs, like Avinash Conda, are trying to change the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conda is a marketing manager. He says that, unlike with most people, the visa has worked well for him. He came from India, finished graduate school in Kentucky and got an H1B to work at a small tech company. Now his current employer is sponsoring him for a green card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wish my story wasn’t an anomaly,” Conda says. “I wish everyone had the path as easy as I had it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, Conda says, H1Bs are hard to get. There’s a lottery, and sometimes just one of every three or four applicants succeeds. If you do get one, you are then dependent on an employer for sponsorship. Companies have been sued for abusing this leverage, doing illegal things like forcing employees to pay thousands in visa fees, or making them sign bondage contracts so they cannot quit without paying a bunch of cash.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘It’s modern-day slavery, more or less.’\u003ccite>Avinash Conda,\u003cbr>\nH1B visa holder\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“It’s modern-day slavery, more or less,” Conda says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conda concedes that’s a bit of an overstatement. But he says it should be easier for H1B workers to become permanent residents so that they have more power in the workplace. He is writing to legislators and organizing with other foreign workers who he says are overlooked by politicians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“None of the H1Bs are voters,” Conda says. “We’re hardly heard because we don’t matter at this point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest advocates in the Indian community for overhauling the H1B visa is not a worker, but a tech businessman — Neeraj Gupta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Conda, Gupta was also on an H1B once. He says worker abuse is the result of a bigger problem: The visa is no longer being used just to get top talent, but instead to outsource jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘As you delve deeper into the data, it’s quite clear that a large majority of the use of the program is directed toward the outsourcing industry.’ \u003ccite>Neeraj Gupta,\u003cbr>\nVenture capitalist\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“As you delve deeper into the data,” Gupta says, “it’s quite clear that a large majority of the use of the program is directed toward the outsourcing industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here is how the outsourcing works: Gupta says about 80 percent of H1B visas go to low-level IT workers at contracting companies you have probably never heard of, firms like Wipro and Infosys. This makes it harder for higher-skilled workers like Avinash Conda to win the H1B lottery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Gupta says American businesses lay off employees and hand over the work to IT contractors. Last year, Disney and Southern California Edison were in the news for \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/04/us/last-task-after-layoff-at-disney-train-foreign-replacements.html?_r=0\">replacing long-term employees with H1Bs.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gupta saw the tactic in action as an executive for a big outsourcing firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I remember sitting in Washington, D.C., in 2008 with a proposal that was going to outsource 300 jobs,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tech industry \u003ca href=\"http://audio.californiareport.org/archive/R201303220850/b\">has lobbied aggressively for more H1Bs\u003c/a>, saying there is not enough talent in the United States to fill jobs. Gupta doesn’t buy it. The outsourcing made him so queasy he founded his own IT staffing company, one that “in-sourced” — hired Americans and immigrants who had put down roots here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe there is an underutilized workforce here in the U.S.,” Gupta says, “Kids who could get much more meaningful jobs in the technology industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gupta has testified before Congress, where reform efforts have failed again and again. He does not think the H1B will be revamped anytime soon, especially considering that we’re in an election year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madhuri Nemali is meeting with another client, a young college grad who needs an H1B to stay in the country. Nemali explains that there are not many options if she does not win the H1B lottery. The woman is sitting with her boyfriend, taking notes, writing down the important dates and key numbers. She cannot believe her fate is up to a random lottery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nemali says it makes sense that Indians are the ones speaking up about the H1B. More than anyone, they are experiencing the problems connected to this visa. Indians are on the frontlines Nemali says. It’s up to them to keep pushing for change.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"soldout": {
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"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
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