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"disqusTitle": "Would You Drink Beer Made With GMO Yeast to Conserve Water?",
"title": "Would You Drink Beer Made With GMO Yeast to Conserve Water?",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you are a beer drinker, it might surprise you to learn how much water goes into one pint of beer. About 11 gallons just for the hops alone.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But there’s a scientist named Charles Denby who wants to replace those hops with genetically engineered yeast. And he’s doing this because he wants to make beer more climate-friendly. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I'm really interested in making an impact on the process,” says Denby, “and if that means that we can cut out trillions of liters of water that’s used on hop agriculture every year, that’s really the pie-in-the-sky goal for me.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Denby wants to replace hops because the crop is vulnerable to climate change. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Most of the nation’s hops, and many of California’s hops, are grown in the Yakima Valley in the state of Washington. And\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.climate.gov/news-features/climate-and/climate-beer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> that area is expected to have less water \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">because of higher temperatures and intense drought. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11615763\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11615763\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-520x347.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The UC Davis brewery where Charles Denby brewed the first batch of his GMO yeast. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The challenge for Denby is creating yeast that tastes hoppy enough. I met him at a brewery at UC Davis last summer to see his experiment in action. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The sound of heavy metal filled the room and steam hissed from silver machines. Denby yelled over the noise and explained that beer is made from water, barley, yeast and hops. But the four batches he was making that day wouldn’t include that last ingredient. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Instead of hops, he added his GMO yeast to three large fermenters. As a control, he added generic yeast that he didn't genetically modify to the fourth fermenter.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">His yeast is made with the genes from mint and basil plants. He combined these genes with yeast DNA, then mixed them with yeast cells. He’s hoping this process will lead to some interesting flavors.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Before Denby started this research, he wasn't a big beer drinker. But after his friend gave him a home brewing kit a few years ago, he got into the science behind it. His interest in brewing, along with a \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ph.D. in molecular and cellular biology\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, led him to make a discovery. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was literally sitting in the bathtub reading this book about brewing science and I got to the section about hops. And they actually spelled out exactly what the molecules were for the primary determinants for hoppy flavor,” says Denby. “And I looked at the molecules and was like, ‘Oh my God.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Right now, he says he’s the only scientist using GMO yeast to make beer. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But getting that beer to market is tricky because GMOs carry some heavy baggage.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies like Monsanto have made GMO crops resistant to pesticides that kill weeds. But these pesticides lead to diversity loss and they also drift to nearby farms and kill non-GMO crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bill Freese, a science policy analyst at the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/about-us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Center for Food Safety\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, says these weeds eventually develop a resistance to the pesticides, and so more toxic chemicals are needed. And the cycle continues.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11615765\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11615765\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-520x347.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Denby pours one of his GMO yeast solutions into a fermenter at the UC Davis brewery. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But Denby explains he isn’t in the business of making harmful chemicals.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I'll have friends and family say, ‘Oh I don't eat anything GMO,’ and I have to be very patient and just explain what the potential benefits are,” he says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But his research still involves risk. There’s the fear his GMO yeast could escape and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/health/a10911/better-beer-from-genetically-engineered-yeast-16992861/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">alter yeast in the wild.\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And then there is the regulation of GMO products. There are \u003ca href=\"https://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/files/freese_safetytestingandregulationofgeneticallyebgineeredfoods_nov212004_62269.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">no mandatory rules that say GMO products must be safe\u003c/a> to eat or drink. There’s only \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/GEPlants/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a voluntary process\u003c/a> by which scientists test their GMO creations themselves and then ask the FDA if they approve the product as safe. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is a caveat. If a company doesn't submit for FDA approval and places their GMO product on the market, they would most likely face liability issues. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Denby made sure to submit his results last year and is waiting to hear from the FDA.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While Freese\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/reports/2156/safety-testing-and-regulation-of-genetically-engineered-foods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> says there should be more regulation,\u003c/a> scientific research conducted so far has not detected any significant hazards directly connected with the use of genetically engineered crops, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24041244\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according to a 10 year review.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Denby says the benefits of his research outweigh the harms. “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">My position on GMO products has definitely evolved. I'm very pro. Obviously, you want to make sure they don't have allergenic effects, but you can save a lot of resources,” he says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the meantime, Denby wants to make \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sure his beer actually tastes good. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He reached out to Sonoma County's Lagunitas Brewing Co., and they set up a companywide taste test.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11615766\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11615766\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-520x347.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Denby fills out a questionnaire after tasting his beers for the first time in the Sensory Lab at the Lagunitas Brewing Co. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Denby brought the samples he brewed at UC Davis to the Sensory Lab at the brewery. I watched as Bryan Donaldson, the lab's innovation manager, led Denby through the process. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">First, Denby sat down in a private booth. Then, a blue light came on and a small door slid open. A woman on the other side handed him a tray with four samples of his beer -- three from his GMO yeast and the fourth from the control. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">After the tasting, Denby pushed back his chair and breathed. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">They actually tasted good. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I've been nervous all day, all week, and I feel like a pretty profound sense of relief,” said Denby. “I guess the next thing that I'm nervous about is, is it going to be [similarly] perceived by the general public or a group of expert tasters as well, or is it gonna be just in my mind?”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But before leaving the lab, expert taster Bryan weighed in on the samples.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I got some fruit notes off a couple of them,\" he commented. \"One was straight-up Fruit Loops and then one was kinda orangey, like orange blossoms.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11615768\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11615768\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-520x347.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Denby talks about the flavors in his beer with Bryan Donaldson, the innovation manager at Lagunitas Brewing Co. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We headed to the company’s bar to try some other beers, and Denby told me his next step would be getting brewing companies to bottle his beer. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A few months later, I caught up with Denby to see if he got the taste testing results back. He told me the results were quite positive: two of his beers were hoppy enough for the judges.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Then he told me he had some exciting news. He received a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1722376&HistoricalAwards=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">grant from the National Science Foundation.\u003c/a> He's starting his own brewery science company and wants to experiment with new flavors -- \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">like passion fruit, gooseberry or broom flower. He says that by using genetically engineered yeast instead of real hops, beer can taste like anything. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you are a beer drinker, it might surprise you to learn how much water goes into one pint of beer. About 11 gallons just for the hops alone.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But there’s a scientist named Charles Denby who wants to replace those hops with genetically engineered yeast. And he’s doing this because he wants to make beer more climate-friendly. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I'm really interested in making an impact on the process,” says Denby, “and if that means that we can cut out trillions of liters of water that’s used on hop agriculture every year, that’s really the pie-in-the-sky goal for me.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Denby wants to replace hops because the crop is vulnerable to climate change. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Most of the nation’s hops, and many of California’s hops, are grown in the Yakima Valley in the state of Washington. And\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.climate.gov/news-features/climate-and/climate-beer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> that area is expected to have less water \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">because of higher temperatures and intense drought. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11615763\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11615763\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1-520x347.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-1.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The UC Davis brewery where Charles Denby brewed the first batch of his GMO yeast. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The challenge for Denby is creating yeast that tastes hoppy enough. I met him at a brewery at UC Davis last summer to see his experiment in action. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The sound of heavy metal filled the room and steam hissed from silver machines. Denby yelled over the noise and explained that beer is made from water, barley, yeast and hops. But the four batches he was making that day wouldn’t include that last ingredient. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Instead of hops, he added his GMO yeast to three large fermenters. As a control, he added generic yeast that he didn't genetically modify to the fourth fermenter.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">His yeast is made with the genes from mint and basil plants. He combined these genes with yeast DNA, then mixed them with yeast cells. He’s hoping this process will lead to some interesting flavors.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Before Denby started this research, he wasn't a big beer drinker. But after his friend gave him a home brewing kit a few years ago, he got into the science behind it. His interest in brewing, along with a \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ph.D. in molecular and cellular biology\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, led him to make a discovery. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was literally sitting in the bathtub reading this book about brewing science and I got to the section about hops. And they actually spelled out exactly what the molecules were for the primary determinants for hoppy flavor,” says Denby. “And I looked at the molecules and was like, ‘Oh my God.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Right now, he says he’s the only scientist using GMO yeast to make beer. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But getting that beer to market is tricky because GMOs carry some heavy baggage.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies like Monsanto have made GMO crops resistant to pesticides that kill weeds. But these pesticides lead to diversity loss and they also drift to nearby farms and kill non-GMO crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bill Freese, a science policy analyst at the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/about-us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Center for Food Safety\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, says these weeds eventually develop a resistance to the pesticides, and so more toxic chemicals are needed. And the cycle continues.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11615765\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11615765\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3-520x347.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-3.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Denby pours one of his GMO yeast solutions into a fermenter at the UC Davis brewery. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But Denby explains he isn’t in the business of making harmful chemicals.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I'll have friends and family say, ‘Oh I don't eat anything GMO,’ and I have to be very patient and just explain what the potential benefits are,” he says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But his research still involves risk. There’s the fear his GMO yeast could escape and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/health/a10911/better-beer-from-genetically-engineered-yeast-16992861/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">alter yeast in the wild.\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And then there is the regulation of GMO products. There are \u003ca href=\"https://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/files/freese_safetytestingandregulationofgeneticallyebgineeredfoods_nov212004_62269.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">no mandatory rules that say GMO products must be safe\u003c/a> to eat or drink. There’s only \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/GEPlants/default.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a voluntary process\u003c/a> by which scientists test their GMO creations themselves and then ask the FDA if they approve the product as safe. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there is a caveat. If a company doesn't submit for FDA approval and places their GMO product on the market, they would most likely face liability issues. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Denby made sure to submit his results last year and is waiting to hear from the FDA.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While Freese\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/reports/2156/safety-testing-and-regulation-of-genetically-engineered-foods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> says there should be more regulation,\u003c/a> scientific research conducted so far has not detected any significant hazards directly connected with the use of genetically engineered crops, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24041244\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according to a 10 year review.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Denby says the benefits of his research outweigh the harms. “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">My position on GMO products has definitely evolved. I'm very pro. Obviously, you want to make sure they don't have allergenic effects, but you can save a lot of resources,” he says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the meantime, Denby wants to make \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sure his beer actually tastes good. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He reached out to Sonoma County's Lagunitas Brewing Co., and they set up a companywide taste test.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11615766\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11615766\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4-520x347.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-4.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charles Denby fills out a questionnaire after tasting his beers for the first time in the Sensory Lab at the Lagunitas Brewing Co. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Denby brought the samples he brewed at UC Davis to the Sensory Lab at the brewery. I watched as Bryan Donaldson, the lab's innovation manager, led Denby through the process. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">First, Denby sat down in a private booth. Then, a blue light came on and a small door slid open. A woman on the other side handed him a tray with four samples of his beer -- three from his GMO yeast and the fourth from the control. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">After the tasting, Denby pushed back his chair and breathed. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">They actually tasted good. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I've been nervous all day, all week, and I feel like a pretty profound sense of relief,” said Denby. “I guess the next thing that I'm nervous about is, is it going to be [similarly] perceived by the general public or a group of expert tasters as well, or is it gonna be just in my mind?”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But before leaving the lab, expert taster Bryan weighed in on the samples.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I got some fruit notes off a couple of them,\" he commented. \"One was straight-up Fruit Loops and then one was kinda orangey, like orange blossoms.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11615768\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11615768\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5-520x347.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/GMObeer-5.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Denby talks about the flavors in his beer with Bryan Donaldson, the innovation manager at Lagunitas Brewing Co. \u003ccite>(Sarah Craig)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We headed to the company’s bar to try some other beers, and Denby told me his next step would be getting brewing companies to bottle his beer. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A few months later, I caught up with Denby to see if he got the taste testing results back. He told me the results were quite positive: two of his beers were hoppy enough for the judges.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Then he told me he had some exciting news. He received a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1722376&HistoricalAwards=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">grant from the National Science Foundation.\u003c/a> He's starting his own brewery science company and wants to experiment with new flavors -- \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">like passion fruit, gooseberry or broom flower. He says that by using genetically engineered yeast instead of real hops, beer can taste like anything. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "This App Tracks Crime, Emergencies Near You. But What About Privacy?",
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"content": "\u003cp>You wake to the sound of sirens. Red and blue lights flash through your window shades. You fumble in the dark for your mobile phone; the screen shows it’s just after 3 a.m. After a few minutes of lying in bed, panic starts to set in. Should I get up and leave or stay put? Do I start the car or run to the neighbor’s house? In that moment you have no idea what to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s this type of scenario the smartphone app \u003ca href=\"http://www.citizen.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Citizen\u003c/a> is trying to address with its new crime tracker. The app debuted in San Francisco in September. Think of it as police scanner, neighborhood watch, Yelp and Twitter all rolled into one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you launch the app it brings up a city map. Your location is marked with a blue dot. Any emergency incidents unfolding across the city are represented as red dots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11642918\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11642918\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28924_Citizen-Map-3-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Citizen app's San Francisco crime map.\" width=\"640\" height=\"851\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28924_Citizen-Map-3-qut.jpg 640w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28924_Citizen-Map-3-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28924_Citizen-Map-3-qut-240x319.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28924_Citizen-Map-3-qut-375x499.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28924_Citizen-Map-3-qut-520x691.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Citizen’s interactive crime map displays recent incidents in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Peter Arcuni/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On a recent morning in San Francisco, these red dot incidents included the following:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Three men fleeing in stolen Chevy\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Man carrying gun in waistband\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Coyote lunging at children, dogs\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Chihuahua hit by car\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Naked man near garbage can\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Tapping on a red dot brings up a timeline with updates like “Officers are on scene” or “Suspect wearing orange hoodie.” You can also set the app to alert you when an incident occurs within a quarter-mile of your location.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a hyperlocal, real-time source of everything that could affect your safety happening at that moment,” says Lea Artz, head of operations for Citizen. “So when you see sirens racing by, or you hear a helicopter flying by overhead, you’ll get an alert, and from there you can make a safe and informed decision about where you move.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citizen says it has amassed roughly 250,000 users in San Francisco and New York, the other city where it provides service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company hires trained technicians to monitor emergency dispatch calls — the kind of call you’d hear from a police scanner — and translate them into plain English for users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead of getting some police jargon and radio codes that probably don’t make sense to you, we’re giving you the information the way that you understand it the best,” Artz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each call, or incident, is then tagged with a location for mapping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Artz says the idea is to give people the public safety information that’s out there because, for the most part, it’s inaccessible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Something that would affect the route you took to work or where you sent your kids at night [that] wasn’t public knowledge to you,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Artz gives an example of an alert that Citizen sent to over 6,000 users in New York on Halloween, cautioning them to stay out of Lower Manhattan, where a man driving a pickup truck sped into a crowd of people, killing eight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another feature of the app allows users to livestream their own photos, videos and comments from the scene. The content might include videos of emergency crews arriving or locals texting about what they can see from their window. The company’s \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/citizenapp?lang=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Twitter feed\u003c/a> features some of the more urgent content generated from the app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11642928\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 450px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11642928\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28926_IMG_1743-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"798\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28926_IMG_1743-qut.jpg 640w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28926_IMG_1743-qut-160x284.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28926_IMG_1743-qut-240x426.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28926_IMG_1743-qut-375x666.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28926_IMG_1743-qut-520x923.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Users share video and comments about a reported incident of a man who was shot in the leg near a BART station. (Peter Arcuni/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>According to Artz, the company envisions that content created by users will help inform local newsrooms and law enforcement, in addition to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ultimate goal is to increase transparency,” Artz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some tech bloggers have raised \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2017/09/19/citizen-app-crime-sequoia-san-francisco-12-million-series-a/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">concerns\u003c/a> about the potential Citizen has to spread misinformation or violate the privacy of crime victims. Some critics also worry the app could encourage users to flock to the scene of an emergency instead of running for safety in the other direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/true-crime/wp/2016/11/04/vigilante-phone-app-alerts-new-york-users-to-crime-but-police-not-thrilled/?utm_term=.c7e1677596ab\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">backlash\u003c/a> stems from the app’s original name: Vigilante. The prototype debuted in New York in late 2016 but was pulled from app stores within weeks over safety concerns. It \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@Citizen_App/introducing-citizen-a8d2f3fabf03\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">relaunched\u003c/a> last year as Citizen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@Citizen_App/introducing-citizen-a8d2f3fabf03\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">company statement\u003c/a> said the app had refocused its mission on public safety. But some of the messaging portraying Citizen as a crimefighting app has persisted. A recent web ad depicts a fictional scene in which app users help police track a suspected kidnapper through the streets of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://player.vimeo.com/video/234537138\" width=\"800\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFPD spokesman Officer Robert Rueca says a big concern is that the raw information the company is drawing from is fluid. He says information coming through police scanners is by nature incomplete and subject to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of times that calls are put out there, and it may appear to be one thing, but it ends up being something completely different,” Rueca says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Rueca, information about the location of an incident or the relative threat to public safety can change rapidly once police arrive on scene. A lot of the follow-up communication occurs on private channels like cellphones or in person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for scanner information, Rueca says, “it’s just the tip of the iceberg.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11647552\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11647552\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine-800x518.jpg\" alt=\"One expert says a host of legal issues could arise if users take the app as a license to interfere with crime scenes.\" width=\"800\" height=\"518\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine-800x518.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine-1020x661.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine-1180x765.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine-960x622.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine-240x156.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine-375x243.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine-520x337.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One expert says a host of legal issues could arise if users take the app as a license to interfere with crime scenes. \u003ccite>(Sean M. Haffey/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rueca cautions people against relying on a third-party app for decision-making about their personal safety. Instead, he advises they use official channels from police and fire departments, which have made efforts to push more safety alerts to the public via Twitter and Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James Wheaton teaches journalism law at UC Berkeley and says there’s nothing legally stopping Citizen from sharing emergency communications that go out over public airwaves. The same goes for enabling users to post content from a crime scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The general rule is if you’re out in public and you are in a place that you have a perfect right to be, you’re allowed to take a photograph or video,” Wheaton says. “So you do have the right to record what is happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But according to Wheaton, a host of legal issues could arise if users take the app as a license to interfere with crime scenes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That would illustrate the worst possible outcome here, which is you take a bunch of untrained people and have them start acting as not just the eyes and ears, but suddenly the arm itself of the police,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s unclear, he says, is whether a video from the app could be used as probable cause for police in pursuing a suspect or making an arrest. There are also some questions about the use of app content as evidence in court and how the source of that content would be vetted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Wheaton says the transparency an app like Citizen offers can be a good thing, given past instances of \u003ca href=\"http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2016/06/sfpd-shootings-george-gascon/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">police misconduct\u003c/a>. But he warns users to “use common sense, don’t get in the way, and don’t push it too far.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Citizen has no official relationship with police departments, Artz says the company welcomes their input.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Citizen app is free for users in San Francisco and New York, and the company has plans to expand to other major cities in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>You wake to the sound of sirens. Red and blue lights flash through your window shades. You fumble in the dark for your mobile phone; the screen shows it’s just after 3 a.m. After a few minutes of lying in bed, panic starts to set in. Should I get up and leave or stay put? Do I start the car or run to the neighbor’s house? In that moment you have no idea what to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s this type of scenario the smartphone app \u003ca href=\"http://www.citizen.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Citizen\u003c/a> is trying to address with its new crime tracker. The app debuted in San Francisco in September. Think of it as police scanner, neighborhood watch, Yelp and Twitter all rolled into one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you launch the app it brings up a city map. Your location is marked with a blue dot. Any emergency incidents unfolding across the city are represented as red dots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11642918\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11642918\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28924_Citizen-Map-3-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Citizen app's San Francisco crime map.\" width=\"640\" height=\"851\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28924_Citizen-Map-3-qut.jpg 640w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28924_Citizen-Map-3-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28924_Citizen-Map-3-qut-240x319.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28924_Citizen-Map-3-qut-375x499.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28924_Citizen-Map-3-qut-520x691.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Citizen’s interactive crime map displays recent incidents in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Peter Arcuni/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On a recent morning in San Francisco, these red dot incidents included the following:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Three men fleeing in stolen Chevy\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Man carrying gun in waistband\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Coyote lunging at children, dogs\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Chihuahua hit by car\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Naked man near garbage can\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Tapping on a red dot brings up a timeline with updates like “Officers are on scene” or “Suspect wearing orange hoodie.” You can also set the app to alert you when an incident occurs within a quarter-mile of your location.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a hyperlocal, real-time source of everything that could affect your safety happening at that moment,” says Lea Artz, head of operations for Citizen. “So when you see sirens racing by, or you hear a helicopter flying by overhead, you’ll get an alert, and from there you can make a safe and informed decision about where you move.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citizen says it has amassed roughly 250,000 users in San Francisco and New York, the other city where it provides service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company hires trained technicians to monitor emergency dispatch calls — the kind of call you’d hear from a police scanner — and translate them into plain English for users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead of getting some police jargon and radio codes that probably don’t make sense to you, we’re giving you the information the way that you understand it the best,” Artz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each call, or incident, is then tagged with a location for mapping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Artz says the idea is to give people the public safety information that’s out there because, for the most part, it’s inaccessible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Something that would affect the route you took to work or where you sent your kids at night [that] wasn’t public knowledge to you,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Artz gives an example of an alert that Citizen sent to over 6,000 users in New York on Halloween, cautioning them to stay out of Lower Manhattan, where a man driving a pickup truck sped into a crowd of people, killing eight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another feature of the app allows users to livestream their own photos, videos and comments from the scene. The content might include videos of emergency crews arriving or locals texting about what they can see from their window. The company’s \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/citizenapp?lang=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Twitter feed\u003c/a> features some of the more urgent content generated from the app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11642928\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 450px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11642928\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28926_IMG_1743-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"798\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28926_IMG_1743-qut.jpg 640w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28926_IMG_1743-qut-160x284.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28926_IMG_1743-qut-240x426.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28926_IMG_1743-qut-375x666.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28926_IMG_1743-qut-520x923.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Users share video and comments about a reported incident of a man who was shot in the leg near a BART station. (Peter Arcuni/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>According to Artz, the company envisions that content created by users will help inform local newsrooms and law enforcement, in addition to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ultimate goal is to increase transparency,” Artz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some tech bloggers have raised \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2017/09/19/citizen-app-crime-sequoia-san-francisco-12-million-series-a/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">concerns\u003c/a> about the potential Citizen has to spread misinformation or violate the privacy of crime victims. Some critics also worry the app could encourage users to flock to the scene of an emergency instead of running for safety in the other direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/true-crime/wp/2016/11/04/vigilante-phone-app-alerts-new-york-users-to-crime-but-police-not-thrilled/?utm_term=.c7e1677596ab\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">backlash\u003c/a> stems from the app’s original name: Vigilante. The prototype debuted in New York in late 2016 but was pulled from app stores within weeks over safety concerns. It \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@Citizen_App/introducing-citizen-a8d2f3fabf03\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">relaunched\u003c/a> last year as Citizen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@Citizen_App/introducing-citizen-a8d2f3fabf03\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">company statement\u003c/a> said the app had refocused its mission on public safety. But some of the messaging portraying Citizen as a crimefighting app has persisted. A recent web ad depicts a fictional scene in which app users help police track a suspected kidnapper through the streets of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://player.vimeo.com/video/234537138\" width=\"800\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFPD spokesman Officer Robert Rueca says a big concern is that the raw information the company is drawing from is fluid. He says information coming through police scanners is by nature incomplete and subject to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of times that calls are put out there, and it may appear to be one thing, but it ends up being something completely different,” Rueca says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Rueca, information about the location of an incident or the relative threat to public safety can change rapidly once police arrive on scene. A lot of the follow-up communication occurs on private channels like cellphones or in person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for scanner information, Rueca says, “it’s just the tip of the iceberg.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11647552\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11647552\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine-800x518.jpg\" alt=\"One expert says a host of legal issues could arise if users take the app as a license to interfere with crime scenes.\" width=\"800\" height=\"518\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine-800x518.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine-1020x661.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine-1180x765.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine-960x622.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine-240x156.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine-375x243.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/SBShootingPoliceLine-520x337.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One expert says a host of legal issues could arise if users take the app as a license to interfere with crime scenes. \u003ccite>(Sean M. Haffey/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rueca cautions people against relying on a third-party app for decision-making about their personal safety. Instead, he advises they use official channels from police and fire departments, which have made efforts to push more safety alerts to the public via Twitter and Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James Wheaton teaches journalism law at UC Berkeley and says there’s nothing legally stopping Citizen from sharing emergency communications that go out over public airwaves. The same goes for enabling users to post content from a crime scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The general rule is if you’re out in public and you are in a place that you have a perfect right to be, you’re allowed to take a photograph or video,” Wheaton says. “So you do have the right to record what is happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But according to Wheaton, a host of legal issues could arise if users take the app as a license to interfere with crime scenes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That would illustrate the worst possible outcome here, which is you take a bunch of untrained people and have them start acting as not just the eyes and ears, but suddenly the arm itself of the police,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s unclear, he says, is whether a video from the app could be used as probable cause for police in pursuing a suspect or making an arrest. There are also some questions about the use of app content as evidence in court and how the source of that content would be vetted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Wheaton says the transparency an app like Citizen offers can be a good thing, given past instances of \u003ca href=\"http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2016/06/sfpd-shootings-george-gascon/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">police misconduct\u003c/a>. But he warns users to “use common sense, don’t get in the way, and don’t push it too far.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Citizen has no official relationship with police departments, Artz says the company welcomes their input.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Citizen app is free for users in San Francisco and New York, and the company has plans to expand to other major cities in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "what-its-like-for-a-woman-to-be-targeted-by-an-online-mob",
"title": "What It's Like to Be Targeted by an Online Mob",
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"headTitle": "What It’s Like to Be Targeted by an Online Mob | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Zoë Quinn is a video game developer who was one of several women in the industry targeted by online harassment campaigns using the hashtag \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamergate_controversy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#Gamergate\u003c/a>. The harassment started after an ex-boyfriend published a disparaging blog post about Quinn, and as it spread online, her detractors multiplied, leading to the public posting of her address, the hacking of her internet accounts, and numerous rape and death threats. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This edited excerpt is from Quinn’s book “CRASH OVERRIDE: How Gamergate (Nearly) Destroyed My Life, and How We Can Win the Fight Against Online Hate,” published in September 2017 by PublicAffairs, an imprint of the Hachette Book Group. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘They were highly organized, discussing how to divide their ranks into specialized groups: one dedicated to getting me in legal trouble, one dedicated to turning all of my friends against me, and another dedicated to pushing me to kill myself.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As anyone who has ever expressed an opinion on the internet knows, it’s not all sunshine and rainbows. Every rose has its thorn, and every news story has its comments section. As the internet has graduated out of nerds’ basements and into the mainstream, its formerly separate communities have come in closer and closer contact. For years, the people who preferred hanging out in small subcultural message boards and interest-based communities stayed pretty isolated, but with the advent of social media, the people who wind up on “\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/To_Catch_a_Predator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">To Catch a Predator\u003c/a>” now have accounts on Twitter, Facebook et al., alongside your sweet grandma — assuming your grandmother hasn’t been caught trying to lure kids into a van.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if you stick mainly to mainstream sites, you’ve probably seen glimpses of the internet’s underbelly in the notorious comments sections at the bottom of news articles. The article could be about a local man saving a box of kittens from a burning building, but no matter: The comments will accuse him of hating dogs, setting the building on fire in the first place, and secretly being Barack Obama’s Kenyan uncle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’ve probably wondered two things: Who are these people, and what the hell is going on here?\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.crashoverridenetwork.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Crash Override Network\u003c/a> — organization dedicated to fighting online abuse and providing assistance to victims, co-founded by Zoë Quinn. Includes automated \u003ca href=\"http://www.crashoverridenetwork.com/coach.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cybersecurity helper\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>My teenaged obsession with shock sites like \u003ca href=\"https://theoutline.com/post/2549/rotten-com-is-offline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rotten.com\u003c/a> started a lifelong hobby of spelunking through the weird pockets of the internet. This exploration taught me a lot (and, uh . . . showed me a lot) and exposed the fact that internet culture is essentially a magnificent patchwork of specific subcultures — good, bad and strange as hell. For every harmless community of users into really specific sexual kinks, there is a place like Bareback Exchange, a forum for people who get off on transmitting STDs to as many people as possible, often without consent. For every community of angsty kids who pretend they are secretly vampires, there are seven different forums of white nationalists who sincerely believe that Jewish people are secretly vampires. For every geeky and silly toy collector’s community, there are forums full of dudes collecting upskirt photos of random women and girls who had no idea they were about to become porn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/12/crashcover.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-438546\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/12/crashcover.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"352\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/12/crashcover.png 750w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/12/crashcover-160x243.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/12/crashcover-240x365.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/12/crashcover-375x570.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/12/crashcover-520x790.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 352px) 100vw, 352px\">\u003c/a>Attempting to explain anonymous message-board culture to the uninitiated is a lot like trying to explain an inside joke — you can lay out the particulars, but it won’t carry the same weight or meaning. It’s complicated and difficult to parse, like most things about internet culture, but here’s a brief overview. Opened in 1999, a Japanese site called 2channel was the first board in this genre. An anonymous board where admins are virtually nonexistent, this site has enabled corporate whistleblowing as well as frank, open exchanges about taboo subjects like mental health and sexuality. Alongside these generally positive discussions, the boards are teeming with slander, hate speech, porn, nationalism, and general unchecked terribleness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2channel’s American counterpart is 4chan, an image board launched by a 15-year-old boy in 2003. Fourteen years later, 4chan is a hugely influential force on the internet: “the ground zero of Western web culture,” as one journalist put it. Most of the memes you see on social media were invented there — everything from \u003ca href=\"http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/lolcats\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">LOLCats\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/rickroll\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rickrolling\u003c/a>. It’s also a breeding ground for not-so-cute things, including a hoax hashtag with the goal of getting young girls to #CutForBieber, campaigns to troll the social media of dead teenagers, and murderers occasionally posting pictures of their victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Pretty much everything we’ve been told about dealing with online abuse is wrong, but the misconception that “trolls” will just go away if they’re ignored is possibly the most damaging.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Reddit has an even larger version of this problem, in both size and scope. Calling itself the “front page of the internet” and clocking in at 36 million user accounts, Reddit allows anyone to create a “subreddit,” a discussion area dedicated to any subculture or interest on its site. This model has allowed mentally ill people to find community without stigma, locals to exchange highly specific information about what’s good in their neighborhoods, and even President Obama to hop online and answer readers’ questions. But, like 4chan, it’s also been a hotbed for communities founded on hatred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reddit isn’t as anonymous as 4chan — users must create accounts and can be banned — but the site was created with a sort of free-speech absolutism in mind. Before it was shut down, the subreddit /r/Jailbait was a board for sharing sexualized pictures of underaged girls, and “jailbait” was the second-most-popular search term leading people to Reddit. Reddit users voted Jailbait the Best Subreddit of 2008, with double the number of votes received by the runner-up. It took six years and multiple public scandals to finally \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailydot.com/society/reddit-r-jailbait-shutdown-controversy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">close it\u003c/a>. Reddit has only recently started banning other repugnant subreddits, including hateful and blatantly racist forums, though many of them live on and new ones spring up constantly.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/forum/2017/10/04/zoe-quinn-on-gamergate-fighting-online-harassment/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Zoë Quinn on KQED Forum\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Poorly moderated anonymous communities can have the capricious morality of any mob. In 2009, when two videos featuring the physical abuse of a domestic cat named Dusty by a person calling himself “Timmy” were posted on YouTube, the 4chan community tracked down the originator of the videos and passed his details on to the local police department. The suspect was arrested, and the cat was treated by a veterinarian and taken to a safe place. This kind of “internet detectivery” has been banned from many traditional online forums outside 4chan. It’s invasive, it’s sometimes used simply to intimidate or harass people, and the mob is often wrong, with very real consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you consider how a tendency for vigilante action might manifest itself in a community founded on hating people together, you can see how the results might turn scary. Stormfront, a message board for white supremacists, was founded by former Ku Klux Klan leader Don Black in 1995 and had more than 300,000 users as of May 2015. Calling it “the Web’s first and best-known hate site,” the Southern Poverty Law Center’s March 2014 intelligence report stated, “Stormfront users have been disproportionately responsible for some of the most lethal hate crimes and mass killings since the site was put up in 1995. In the past five years alone, Stormfront members have murdered close to 100 people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This escalation from hate speech to real action isn’t unique to Stormfront’s user base. Before embarking on a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/05/26/amid-multiple-warning-signs-alleged-isla-vista-killer-slipped-through-system/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">shooting spree\u003c/a> that killed six and injured 14, Elliot Rodger posted a video on several internet forums dedicated to hating women, discussing the deeply misogynist and racist motives for his rampage. He namechecked one of these sites in his manifesto, saying he had discovered “a forum full of men who are starved of sex, just like me.” The forum had “confirmed many of the theories I had about how wicked and degenerate women really are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_438515\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/12/zoequinn-e1516148809366.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-438515\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/12/zoequinn-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Zoe Quinn (right), with Anita Sarkeesian, also a #Gamergate target, were guest speakers at the introduction of a UN report called ‘\u003ca href=\"http://www.unwomen.org/~/media/headquarters/attachments/sections/library/publications/2015/cyber_violence_gender%20report.pdf?v=1&d=20150924T154259\">Cyber Violence Against Women and Girls: A World-Wide Wake-Up Call\u003c/a>.’ \u003ccite>(UN Women/Ryan Brown)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bad Advice\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s one piece of advice that most often gets passed around to anyone who experiences harassment or abuse on the internet: “Don’t feed the trolls.” This maxim is passed off as gospel and is applied across the board, whether you’re a kid getting into your very first Facebook argument or an experienced developer dealing with death threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This advice is wrong. Pretty much everything we’ve been told about dealing with online abuse is wrong, but the misconception that “trolls” will just go away if they’re ignored is possibly the most damaging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This kind of behavior is not just about terrorizing you; it’s about control. It’s about making you want to disappear, instilling fear and limiting your possibilities. It’s about punishing you for stepping out of line. It’s about isolating and hurting you in specific ways to provoke a reaction.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Anyone to whom I had public ties began to receive nude photos of me and pressure to publicly denounce me or become their next target.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In my case, it became obvious that my attackers’ dream was to get me to stop “feeding the trolls” and shut up. They didn’t want to tease me; they wanted me gone. There were countless forms of harassment — the same channels that I had used to talk with friends, grow my business, and share weird videos were now full of threats, slurs, and all manner of nastiness. It escalated to include sexual or violent images with my face Photoshopped into them. My inbox started to fill up with pictures of women being raped. As strangers stalked through everything I had said or done online since I was 12, looking for more ammo, lies and conspiracy theories about me snowballed into weirder and more extreme accusations. These would then be blasted out widely, and also directly to my colleagues in games. Anyone to whom I had public ties began to receive nude photos of me and pressure to publicly denounce me or become their next target.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tools of Abuse\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s one thing to have a single person going after you with all of the above tactics; it’s something else entirely when a community forms around doing so. The networked nature of the internet doesn’t just make it easier for stalkers to find you; it also makes it easier for them to find each other. These tools of abuse serve both as an attack in and of themselves and as a rallying cry. They’re meant to be shared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you’re the target of abuse like this, you’re basically screwed. Not only does the scope of abuse that you face increase exponentially with every single signal boost from a new member of the mob, but all of the good things about the web’s ability to bring people together are turned against you. The same techniques that people have used to organize important grassroots movements can be used by people trying to destroy someone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”mlpZZdvOLAdS7bEg7MHbtPNH4WgpVTAX”]Attacking you becomes a participatory game in which people try to one-up each other in terms of who can get to you the most. In my case, I was struck by how many of the threats or disgusting remarks sent my way were made so publicly, usually while tagging other people. The ones that were especially vicious were rewarded with likes, shares, and people joining in on the abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This phenomenon is often referred to as “dogpiling.” The cool remix culture that facilitates the spread of fanart and memes suddenly becomes a powerful tool to hurt someone. Photos and videos of you are Photoshopped to label you a whore or to make you look uglier or fatter and then shared the same way cute pictures of cats are. Memes are easily co-opted by other people, who made reams of almost propaganda-like images with my face Photoshopped onto them. It wasn’t really about me anymore. The mob was engaging in a performative group activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This type of community building is quite deliberate and direct. As the 4chan threads kept growing in size and the mob gained momentum, I noticed that a chatroom had sprung up in the original posts. The chatroom participants worked as a team to try to discover personal information about everyone connected to me, referring to it as “digging” and sharing form letters and tactics on how to best alert anyone in my life that I was a horrible slut. They were highly organized, discussing how to divide their ranks into specialized groups: one dedicated to getting me in legal trouble, one dedicated to turning all of my friends against me, and another dedicated to pushing me to kill myself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They shared elaborate fantasies about raping and murdering me, discussing the pros and cons of each. They talked about how to break into all of my accounts to try to find more ways to invade my privacy. They bragged about victories like flooding my game’s page with hatred and nude photos of me and went so far as to create guides to share tactics on how best to ruin my life. They even orchestrated plans to donate to various charities specifically to make themselves look like concerned citizens and not a mob of people trying to get me killed. They built friendships and bonded with each other by reinforcing their dedication to the righteous cause of taking me down, reminding themselves at every turn that they were the good guys.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘For every harmless community of users into really specific sexual kinks, there is a place like Bareback Exchange, a forum for people who get off on transmitting STDs to as many people as possible.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>A mob has more tools at its disposal than individual actors do. Popularity — the quantity of clicks or views on any given page — is tracked and exploited by algorithms online, and a mob is a critical mass. If thousands of people are linking to something about you, that will quickly become the first thing people see when they Google your name, regardless of whether it’s a fact-checked news article or a video about what a bitch you are. Many sites allow their user base to vote on what is good content and what’s garbage, and mobs manipulate these systems to their targets’ detriment. There are also services that direct people away from sketchy websites that contain viruses, and the mob had flooded such services with false reports to make my websites and social media accounts inaccessible. My cohorts and I call this “brigading” — when people manipulate online systems to force their target into silence or hurt the person. Mass false reporting is a common tool to try to make the legitimate sites belonging to targets of online abuse vanish, as many systems are automated to react to a large volume of reports. Law enforcement agencies and government bodies like the IRS have online reporting systems that can also be manipulated this way by a mob.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a game designer, I can spot a game being played. And the more people who join in on the “fun,” the faster you become an abstract concept for your aggressors to hate. This might sound sort of comforting or like a way to defang the attacks, but in reality, it’s the opposite — this “game” is another way that you are dehumanized, and it makes it easier for a mob to grow its ranks and escalate its attacks. You’re just data, and data doesn’t bleed. You’re a symbol, and hating you can become part of someone’s identity, just as any other hobby might. Just as they would in a game, they are always trying to make their numbers go up. And plenty of the witch hunters advance from amateur to professional.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Zoë Quinn is a video game developer who was one of several women in the industry targeted by online harassment campaigns using the hashtag \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamergate_controversy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#Gamergate\u003c/a>. The harassment started after an ex-boyfriend published a disparaging blog post about Quinn, and as it spread online, her detractors multiplied, leading to the public posting of her address, the hacking of her internet accounts, and numerous rape and death threats. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This edited excerpt is from Quinn’s book “CRASH OVERRIDE: How Gamergate (Nearly) Destroyed My Life, and How We Can Win the Fight Against Online Hate,” published in September 2017 by PublicAffairs, an imprint of the Hachette Book Group. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘They were highly organized, discussing how to divide their ranks into specialized groups: one dedicated to getting me in legal trouble, one dedicated to turning all of my friends against me, and another dedicated to pushing me to kill myself.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As anyone who has ever expressed an opinion on the internet knows, it’s not all sunshine and rainbows. Every rose has its thorn, and every news story has its comments section. As the internet has graduated out of nerds’ basements and into the mainstream, its formerly separate communities have come in closer and closer contact. For years, the people who preferred hanging out in small subcultural message boards and interest-based communities stayed pretty isolated, but with the advent of social media, the people who wind up on “\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/To_Catch_a_Predator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">To Catch a Predator\u003c/a>” now have accounts on Twitter, Facebook et al., alongside your sweet grandma — assuming your grandmother hasn’t been caught trying to lure kids into a van.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if you stick mainly to mainstream sites, you’ve probably seen glimpses of the internet’s underbelly in the notorious comments sections at the bottom of news articles. The article could be about a local man saving a box of kittens from a burning building, but no matter: The comments will accuse him of hating dogs, setting the building on fire in the first place, and secretly being Barack Obama’s Kenyan uncle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’ve probably wondered two things: Who are these people, and what the hell is going on here?\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.crashoverridenetwork.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Crash Override Network\u003c/a> — organization dedicated to fighting online abuse and providing assistance to victims, co-founded by Zoë Quinn. Includes automated \u003ca href=\"http://www.crashoverridenetwork.com/coach.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cybersecurity helper\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>My teenaged obsession with shock sites like \u003ca href=\"https://theoutline.com/post/2549/rotten-com-is-offline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rotten.com\u003c/a> started a lifelong hobby of spelunking through the weird pockets of the internet. This exploration taught me a lot (and, uh . . . showed me a lot) and exposed the fact that internet culture is essentially a magnificent patchwork of specific subcultures — good, bad and strange as hell. For every harmless community of users into really specific sexual kinks, there is a place like Bareback Exchange, a forum for people who get off on transmitting STDs to as many people as possible, often without consent. For every community of angsty kids who pretend they are secretly vampires, there are seven different forums of white nationalists who sincerely believe that Jewish people are secretly vampires. For every geeky and silly toy collector’s community, there are forums full of dudes collecting upskirt photos of random women and girls who had no idea they were about to become porn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/12/crashcover.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-438546\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/12/crashcover.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"352\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/12/crashcover.png 750w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/12/crashcover-160x243.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/12/crashcover-240x365.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/12/crashcover-375x570.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/12/crashcover-520x790.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 352px) 100vw, 352px\">\u003c/a>Attempting to explain anonymous message-board culture to the uninitiated is a lot like trying to explain an inside joke — you can lay out the particulars, but it won’t carry the same weight or meaning. It’s complicated and difficult to parse, like most things about internet culture, but here’s a brief overview. Opened in 1999, a Japanese site called 2channel was the first board in this genre. An anonymous board where admins are virtually nonexistent, this site has enabled corporate whistleblowing as well as frank, open exchanges about taboo subjects like mental health and sexuality. Alongside these generally positive discussions, the boards are teeming with slander, hate speech, porn, nationalism, and general unchecked terribleness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2channel’s American counterpart is 4chan, an image board launched by a 15-year-old boy in 2003. Fourteen years later, 4chan is a hugely influential force on the internet: “the ground zero of Western web culture,” as one journalist put it. Most of the memes you see on social media were invented there — everything from \u003ca href=\"http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/lolcats\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">LOLCats\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/rickroll\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rickrolling\u003c/a>. It’s also a breeding ground for not-so-cute things, including a hoax hashtag with the goal of getting young girls to #CutForBieber, campaigns to troll the social media of dead teenagers, and murderers occasionally posting pictures of their victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Pretty much everything we’ve been told about dealing with online abuse is wrong, but the misconception that “trolls” will just go away if they’re ignored is possibly the most damaging.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Reddit has an even larger version of this problem, in both size and scope. Calling itself the “front page of the internet” and clocking in at 36 million user accounts, Reddit allows anyone to create a “subreddit,” a discussion area dedicated to any subculture or interest on its site. This model has allowed mentally ill people to find community without stigma, locals to exchange highly specific information about what’s good in their neighborhoods, and even President Obama to hop online and answer readers’ questions. But, like 4chan, it’s also been a hotbed for communities founded on hatred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reddit isn’t as anonymous as 4chan — users must create accounts and can be banned — but the site was created with a sort of free-speech absolutism in mind. Before it was shut down, the subreddit /r/Jailbait was a board for sharing sexualized pictures of underaged girls, and “jailbait” was the second-most-popular search term leading people to Reddit. Reddit users voted Jailbait the Best Subreddit of 2008, with double the number of votes received by the runner-up. It took six years and multiple public scandals to finally \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailydot.com/society/reddit-r-jailbait-shutdown-controversy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">close it\u003c/a>. Reddit has only recently started banning other repugnant subreddits, including hateful and blatantly racist forums, though many of them live on and new ones spring up constantly.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/forum/2017/10/04/zoe-quinn-on-gamergate-fighting-online-harassment/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Zoë Quinn on KQED Forum\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Poorly moderated anonymous communities can have the capricious morality of any mob. In 2009, when two videos featuring the physical abuse of a domestic cat named Dusty by a person calling himself “Timmy” were posted on YouTube, the 4chan community tracked down the originator of the videos and passed his details on to the local police department. The suspect was arrested, and the cat was treated by a veterinarian and taken to a safe place. This kind of “internet detectivery” has been banned from many traditional online forums outside 4chan. It’s invasive, it’s sometimes used simply to intimidate or harass people, and the mob is often wrong, with very real consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you consider how a tendency for vigilante action might manifest itself in a community founded on hating people together, you can see how the results might turn scary. Stormfront, a message board for white supremacists, was founded by former Ku Klux Klan leader Don Black in 1995 and had more than 300,000 users as of May 2015. Calling it “the Web’s first and best-known hate site,” the Southern Poverty Law Center’s March 2014 intelligence report stated, “Stormfront users have been disproportionately responsible for some of the most lethal hate crimes and mass killings since the site was put up in 1995. In the past five years alone, Stormfront members have murdered close to 100 people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This escalation from hate speech to real action isn’t unique to Stormfront’s user base. Before embarking on a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/05/26/amid-multiple-warning-signs-alleged-isla-vista-killer-slipped-through-system/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">shooting spree\u003c/a> that killed six and injured 14, Elliot Rodger posted a video on several internet forums dedicated to hating women, discussing the deeply misogynist and racist motives for his rampage. He namechecked one of these sites in his manifesto, saying he had discovered “a forum full of men who are starved of sex, just like me.” The forum had “confirmed many of the theories I had about how wicked and degenerate women really are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_438515\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/12/zoequinn-e1516148809366.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-438515\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2019/12/zoequinn-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Zoe Quinn (right), with Anita Sarkeesian, also a #Gamergate target, were guest speakers at the introduction of a UN report called ‘\u003ca href=\"http://www.unwomen.org/~/media/headquarters/attachments/sections/library/publications/2015/cyber_violence_gender%20report.pdf?v=1&d=20150924T154259\">Cyber Violence Against Women and Girls: A World-Wide Wake-Up Call\u003c/a>.’ \u003ccite>(UN Women/Ryan Brown)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bad Advice\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s one piece of advice that most often gets passed around to anyone who experiences harassment or abuse on the internet: “Don’t feed the trolls.” This maxim is passed off as gospel and is applied across the board, whether you’re a kid getting into your very first Facebook argument or an experienced developer dealing with death threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This advice is wrong. Pretty much everything we’ve been told about dealing with online abuse is wrong, but the misconception that “trolls” will just go away if they’re ignored is possibly the most damaging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This kind of behavior is not just about terrorizing you; it’s about control. It’s about making you want to disappear, instilling fear and limiting your possibilities. It’s about punishing you for stepping out of line. It’s about isolating and hurting you in specific ways to provoke a reaction.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Anyone to whom I had public ties began to receive nude photos of me and pressure to publicly denounce me or become their next target.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In my case, it became obvious that my attackers’ dream was to get me to stop “feeding the trolls” and shut up. They didn’t want to tease me; they wanted me gone. There were countless forms of harassment — the same channels that I had used to talk with friends, grow my business, and share weird videos were now full of threats, slurs, and all manner of nastiness. It escalated to include sexual or violent images with my face Photoshopped into them. My inbox started to fill up with pictures of women being raped. As strangers stalked through everything I had said or done online since I was 12, looking for more ammo, lies and conspiracy theories about me snowballed into weirder and more extreme accusations. These would then be blasted out widely, and also directly to my colleagues in games. Anyone to whom I had public ties began to receive nude photos of me and pressure to publicly denounce me or become their next target.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tools of Abuse\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s one thing to have a single person going after you with all of the above tactics; it’s something else entirely when a community forms around doing so. The networked nature of the internet doesn’t just make it easier for stalkers to find you; it also makes it easier for them to find each other. These tools of abuse serve both as an attack in and of themselves and as a rallying cry. They’re meant to be shared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you’re the target of abuse like this, you’re basically screwed. Not only does the scope of abuse that you face increase exponentially with every single signal boost from a new member of the mob, but all of the good things about the web’s ability to bring people together are turned against you. The same techniques that people have used to organize important grassroots movements can be used by people trying to destroy someone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Attacking you becomes a participatory game in which people try to one-up each other in terms of who can get to you the most. In my case, I was struck by how many of the threats or disgusting remarks sent my way were made so publicly, usually while tagging other people. The ones that were especially vicious were rewarded with likes, shares, and people joining in on the abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This phenomenon is often referred to as “dogpiling.” The cool remix culture that facilitates the spread of fanart and memes suddenly becomes a powerful tool to hurt someone. Photos and videos of you are Photoshopped to label you a whore or to make you look uglier or fatter and then shared the same way cute pictures of cats are. Memes are easily co-opted by other people, who made reams of almost propaganda-like images with my face Photoshopped onto them. It wasn’t really about me anymore. The mob was engaging in a performative group activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This type of community building is quite deliberate and direct. As the 4chan threads kept growing in size and the mob gained momentum, I noticed that a chatroom had sprung up in the original posts. The chatroom participants worked as a team to try to discover personal information about everyone connected to me, referring to it as “digging” and sharing form letters and tactics on how to best alert anyone in my life that I was a horrible slut. They were highly organized, discussing how to divide their ranks into specialized groups: one dedicated to getting me in legal trouble, one dedicated to turning all of my friends against me, and another dedicated to pushing me to kill myself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They shared elaborate fantasies about raping and murdering me, discussing the pros and cons of each. They talked about how to break into all of my accounts to try to find more ways to invade my privacy. They bragged about victories like flooding my game’s page with hatred and nude photos of me and went so far as to create guides to share tactics on how best to ruin my life. They even orchestrated plans to donate to various charities specifically to make themselves look like concerned citizens and not a mob of people trying to get me killed. They built friendships and bonded with each other by reinforcing their dedication to the righteous cause of taking me down, reminding themselves at every turn that they were the good guys.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘For every harmless community of users into really specific sexual kinks, there is a place like Bareback Exchange, a forum for people who get off on transmitting STDs to as many people as possible.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>A mob has more tools at its disposal than individual actors do. Popularity — the quantity of clicks or views on any given page — is tracked and exploited by algorithms online, and a mob is a critical mass. If thousands of people are linking to something about you, that will quickly become the first thing people see when they Google your name, regardless of whether it’s a fact-checked news article or a video about what a bitch you are. Many sites allow their user base to vote on what is good content and what’s garbage, and mobs manipulate these systems to their targets’ detriment. There are also services that direct people away from sketchy websites that contain viruses, and the mob had flooded such services with false reports to make my websites and social media accounts inaccessible. My cohorts and I call this “brigading” — when people manipulate online systems to force their target into silence or hurt the person. Mass false reporting is a common tool to try to make the legitimate sites belonging to targets of online abuse vanish, as many systems are automated to react to a large volume of reports. Law enforcement agencies and government bodies like the IRS have online reporting systems that can also be manipulated this way by a mob.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a game designer, I can spot a game being played. And the more people who join in on the “fun,” the faster you become an abstract concept for your aggressors to hate. This might sound sort of comforting or like a way to defang the attacks, but in reality, it’s the opposite — this “game” is another way that you are dehumanized, and it makes it easier for a mob to grow its ranks and escalate its attacks. You’re just data, and data doesn’t bleed. You’re a symbol, and hating you can become part of someone’s identity, just as any other hobby might. Just as they would in a game, they are always trying to make their numbers go up. And plenty of the witch hunters advance from amateur to professional.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Expanding broadband internet access to low-income communities has been a priority for San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo for some time now. So it came as a surprise in late January when he \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/25/san-jose-mayor-liccardo-resigns-from-fcc-broadband-advisory-board/\">quit\u003c/a> a Federal Communications Commission committee charged with improving access nationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s apparent that ultimately the FCC is in the industry’s pocket and has no intention of doing anything to expand digital access,” Liccardo said shortly after the announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the internet is a driving force behind life in the Bay Area, for many low-income families in East San Jose, it’s still not easy to get online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get an idea of what this problem looks like, Gabriel Hernandez takes me for a walk through a neighborhood in East San Jose. Hernandez works for Somos Mayfair, a social service nonprofit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I guarantee if we went down this street, you’d probably find maybe five houses that have a computer in the house,” Hernandez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the residents in this neighborhood are Latino and working class. Hernandez says that for those he works with, it’s hard to think about paying for the internet when they’re in survival mode.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Families have to make those choices. Do I eat? Do I pay rent? Or do I pay the phone?” Hernandez says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luiz Mendoza, 51, lives in this neighborhood, in a rented room with four of her children. She fled a domestic violence situation and is raising all of her kids on a salary she earns as a child care worker. The family shares two cellphones — they don’t have a computer. This is a major pain for Mendoza’s 15-year-old daughter, Annette.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes I need homework in email and sometimes I can’t get it because I don’t have Wi-Fi,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Annette uses a hot spot on her mother’s phone to get on the internet. But doing research or using Google Slides on a tiny phone screen is hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes the hot spot is just really slow and doesn’t let you work on it, and so sometimes you just have to miss it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Annette sometimes skips lunch to do her work in the school’s computer lab. She admits there are times when she just doesn’t do it at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Annette’s story is more common than we might realize, says Shireen Santosham, chief innovation officer for the city of San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Seventy percent of homework is done online, so what you’re doing is cutting out opportunities for onramps for those children,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santosham and her staff conducted a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Digital20Inclusion20Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a> with Stanford University and found that 28 percent of families living in the city don’t have access to broadband internet. Most of those families are living below the poverty line, making less than $15,000 a year. Santosham says they’re trying to combat this by bringing in more competition. AT&T and Comcast are the two main companies that provide internet service in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Getting more competition for the private sector to come in and lower prices and compete against each other, that will result in bringing down the cost and getting more people on the services,” Santosham says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last summer, Comcast launched a new service in San Jose for low-income families — offering internet for as low as $10 a month. The study found that for many families, $10 is still too much to pay. And some argue at this lowest tier the internet is so slow it’s sometimes useless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11647047\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11647047 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RamosFamily-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Anthony Ramos with his mother, Rodio, and sister, Catherine, outside their home in East San Jose. Anthony says their internet access is so slow, it sometimes prohibits him from completing his homework. \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This is the case for the Ramos family. They recently signed up for that low-cost internet service with Comcast, but 11-year-old Anthony Ramos says trying to work online with his classmates can be excruciating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just a day ago they asked me to be in a group chat, but when I get on the internet it’s very slow,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramos says it can take several minutes for a page to load, so instead he uses the internet at school or a community center to do his homework.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do most of my social studies homework over there because my internet here is not that good,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools, libraries and community centers are good options, says the city. As part of a digital inclusion plan, the city is working on outreach efforts to let more people know about them. The city also wants to expand its free Wi-Fi network to places like East San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of this is to make certain that everyone who lives in the heart of Silicon Valley can be connected.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the residents in this neighborhood are Latino and working class. Hernandez says that for those he works with, it’s hard to think about paying for the internet when they’re in survival mode.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Families have to make those choices. Do I eat? Do I pay rent? Or do I pay the phone?” Hernandez says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luiz Mendoza, 51, lives in this neighborhood, in a rented room with four of her children. She fled a domestic violence situation and is raising all of her kids on a salary she earns as a child care worker. The family shares two cellphones — they don’t have a computer. This is a major pain for Mendoza’s 15-year-old daughter, Annette.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes I need homework in email and sometimes I can’t get it because I don’t have Wi-Fi,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Annette uses a hot spot on her mother’s phone to get on the internet. But doing research or using Google Slides on a tiny phone screen is hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes the hot spot is just really slow and doesn’t let you work on it, and so sometimes you just have to miss it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Annette sometimes skips lunch to do her work in the school’s computer lab. She admits there are times when she just doesn’t do it at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Annette’s story is more common than we might realize, says Shireen Santosham, chief innovation officer for the city of San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Seventy percent of homework is done online, so what you’re doing is cutting out opportunities for onramps for those children,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santosham and her staff conducted a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Digital20Inclusion20Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a> with Stanford University and found that 28 percent of families living in the city don’t have access to broadband internet. Most of those families are living below the poverty line, making less than $15,000 a year. Santosham says they’re trying to combat this by bringing in more competition. AT&T and Comcast are the two main companies that provide internet service in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Getting more competition for the private sector to come in and lower prices and compete against each other, that will result in bringing down the cost and getting more people on the services,” Santosham says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last summer, Comcast launched a new service in San Jose for low-income families — offering internet for as low as $10 a month. The study found that for many families, $10 is still too much to pay. And some argue at this lowest tier the internet is so slow it’s sometimes useless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11647047\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11647047 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RamosFamily-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Anthony Ramos with his mother, Rodio, and sister, Catherine, outside their home in East San Jose. Anthony says their internet access is so slow, it sometimes prohibits him from completing his homework. \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This is the case for the Ramos family. They recently signed up for that low-cost internet service with Comcast, but 11-year-old Anthony Ramos says trying to work online with his classmates can be excruciating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just a day ago they asked me to be in a group chat, but when I get on the internet it’s very slow,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramos says it can take several minutes for a page to load, so instead he uses the internet at school or a community center to do his homework.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do most of my social studies homework over there because my internet here is not that good,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools, libraries and community centers are good options, says the city. As part of a digital inclusion plan, the city is working on outreach efforts to let more people know about them. The city also wants to expand its free Wi-Fi network to places like East San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of this is to make certain that everyone who lives in the heart of Silicon Valley can be connected.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Cisco Chief Privacy Officer Michelle Dennedy talks about how to protect our devices and personal information from data theft, gives advice on how parents can talk to their children about social media use, and weighs in on whether it’s time for a #MeToo movement in Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Pentagon Reviews GPS Policies After Soldiers' Strava Tracks Are Seemingly Exposed",
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"content": "\u003cp>Locations and activity of U.S. military bases. Jogging and patrol routes of American soldiers. Experts say those details are among the GPS data shared by the exercise tracking company Strava, whose Heat Map reflects more than a billion exercise activities globally. The Pentagon says it's looking at adding new training and policies to address security concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Recent data releases emphasize the need for situational awareness when members of the military share personal information,\" Pentagon spokesman Major Adrian J.T. Rankine-Galloway of the U.S. Marine Corps said in a statement about the implications of the Strava data that has made international headlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.strava.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Strava\u003c/a> — which includes an option for keeping users' workout data private — published the updated Heat Map late last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco-based company calls itself \"the social network for athletes,\" saying that its mobile apps and website connect millions of people every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using data from fitness trackers such as the Fitbit, Strava's map shows millions of users' runs, walks and bike trips from 2015 to September 2017 — and in some countries, the activities of military and aid personnel are seen in stark contrast, as their outposts shine brightly among the comparative darkness of their surroundings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Nrg8000/status/957318498102865920\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The seeming lapses in operational security highlighted by Strava's Heat Map were first pointed out by Nathan Ruser, a university student who studies the Middle East and security issues in Sydney, Australia. On Sunday, Ruser \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Nrg8000/status/957318498102865920\">tweeted about Strava's global Heat Map\u003c/a>, \"It looks very pretty, but not amazing for Op-Sec. U.S. bases are clearly identifiable and mappable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while Ruser made his discovery largely because of his focus on Syria's section of the map, his finding prompted security experts to root through Strava's data, unearthing more activity at U.S. and other countries' bases in sensitive areas — and leading to questions of how an opposing force could possibly use the data. Likely U.S. and coalition forces' activities are seen in Afghanistan, for instance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11646581\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 760px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11646581\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/strava-kabul_wide-c823daa584d0584aff531af836c48489cf1c2d8d.jpg\" alt=\"Fitness data collected by the Strava exercise tracking company shows movements of personnel at U.S. and allied bases in Afghanistan and elsewhere, analysts say.\" width=\"760\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/strava-kabul_wide-c823daa584d0584aff531af836c48489cf1c2d8d.jpg 760w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/strava-kabul_wide-c823daa584d0584aff531af836c48489cf1c2d8d-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/strava-kabul_wide-c823daa584d0584aff531af836c48489cf1c2d8d-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/strava-kabul_wide-c823daa584d0584aff531af836c48489cf1c2d8d-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/strava-kabul_wide-c823daa584d0584aff531af836c48489cf1c2d8d-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 760px) 100vw, 760px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fitness data collected by the Strava exercise tracking company shows movements of personnel at U.S. and allied bases in Afghanistan and elsewhere, analysts say. \u003ccite>(Strava Heat Map; Screenshot by NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Describing what he calls \"a security nightmare for governments around the world,\" foreign policy columnist Jeffrey Lewis describes for The Daily Beast how he used the Strava data to explore a missile command center in Taiwan whose location is meant to be secret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.thedailybeast.com/strava-fitness-tracker-app-exposes-taiwans-missile-command-center\">Lewis writes\u003c/a>, \"There are a number of avid Strava users who work there, ... jogging right by the parking lot where the missile launchers are parked.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To explore the Strava data, analysts are comparing it alongside Google Maps' historical views and other resources, to see how potential military emplacements might have developed in recent years. And the U.S. isn't the only country whose operations could be put at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking at a section of land in Yemen, researcher Aric Toler of \u003ca href=\"https://www.bellingcat.com/resources/how-tos/2018/01/29/strava-interpretation-guide/\">Belling Cat\u003c/a> highlights how the Strava data give new details about activity in Aden, where a Patriot missile system was reported to have been deployed early last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Toler and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Mr_Ghostly/status/957766932949815296\">other experts are also warning\u003c/a> against assuming that any fitness trackers being used in remote and/or contested areas are military — rather than a civilian or relief — operation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Mr_Ghostly/status/957766932949815296\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for the researcher who exposed the security concern, Ruser tells the \u003ca href=\"http://www.smh.com.au/national/anu-student-reveals-location-of-us-military-bases-20180129-h0pxxe.html\">Sydney Morning Herald\u003c/a>, \"I'm surprised at how much mainstream attention the map has gotten. I expected it to languish in wonk circles and open source circles until the U.S. government quietly fixed the problem, but instead it seems to have blown up a lot more than I would have thought.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Defense has taken notice, and is now reviewing its policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email to NPR, Rankine-Galloway of the Pentagon said, \"We take matters like these very seriously and are reviewing the situation to determine if any additional training or guidance is required, and if any additional policy must be developed to ensure the continued safety of DoD personnel at home and abroad.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Pentagon+Reviews+GPS+Policies+After+Soldiers%27+Strava+Tracks+Are+Seemingly+Exposed&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Locations and activity of U.S. military bases. Jogging and patrol routes of American soldiers. Experts say those details are among the GPS data shared by the exercise tracking company Strava, whose Heat Map reflects more than a billion exercise activities globally. The Pentagon says it's looking at adding new training and policies to address security concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Recent data releases emphasize the need for situational awareness when members of the military share personal information,\" Pentagon spokesman Major Adrian J.T. Rankine-Galloway of the U.S. Marine Corps said in a statement about the implications of the Strava data that has made international headlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.strava.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Strava\u003c/a> — which includes an option for keeping users' workout data private — published the updated Heat Map late last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco-based company calls itself \"the social network for athletes,\" saying that its mobile apps and website connect millions of people every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using data from fitness trackers such as the Fitbit, Strava's map shows millions of users' runs, walks and bike trips from 2015 to September 2017 — and in some countries, the activities of military and aid personnel are seen in stark contrast, as their outposts shine brightly among the comparative darkness of their surroundings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>The seeming lapses in operational security highlighted by Strava's Heat Map were first pointed out by Nathan Ruser, a university student who studies the Middle East and security issues in Sydney, Australia. On Sunday, Ruser \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Nrg8000/status/957318498102865920\">tweeted about Strava's global Heat Map\u003c/a>, \"It looks very pretty, but not amazing for Op-Sec. U.S. bases are clearly identifiable and mappable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while Ruser made his discovery largely because of his focus on Syria's section of the map, his finding prompted security experts to root through Strava's data, unearthing more activity at U.S. and other countries' bases in sensitive areas — and leading to questions of how an opposing force could possibly use the data. Likely U.S. and coalition forces' activities are seen in Afghanistan, for instance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11646581\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 760px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11646581\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/strava-kabul_wide-c823daa584d0584aff531af836c48489cf1c2d8d.jpg\" alt=\"Fitness data collected by the Strava exercise tracking company shows movements of personnel at U.S. and allied bases in Afghanistan and elsewhere, analysts say.\" width=\"760\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/strava-kabul_wide-c823daa584d0584aff531af836c48489cf1c2d8d.jpg 760w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/strava-kabul_wide-c823daa584d0584aff531af836c48489cf1c2d8d-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/strava-kabul_wide-c823daa584d0584aff531af836c48489cf1c2d8d-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/strava-kabul_wide-c823daa584d0584aff531af836c48489cf1c2d8d-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/strava-kabul_wide-c823daa584d0584aff531af836c48489cf1c2d8d-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 760px) 100vw, 760px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fitness data collected by the Strava exercise tracking company shows movements of personnel at U.S. and allied bases in Afghanistan and elsewhere, analysts say. \u003ccite>(Strava Heat Map; Screenshot by NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Describing what he calls \"a security nightmare for governments around the world,\" foreign policy columnist Jeffrey Lewis describes for The Daily Beast how he used the Strava data to explore a missile command center in Taiwan whose location is meant to be secret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.thedailybeast.com/strava-fitness-tracker-app-exposes-taiwans-missile-command-center\">Lewis writes\u003c/a>, \"There are a number of avid Strava users who work there, ... jogging right by the parking lot where the missile launchers are parked.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To explore the Strava data, analysts are comparing it alongside Google Maps' historical views and other resources, to see how potential military emplacements might have developed in recent years. And the U.S. isn't the only country whose operations could be put at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking at a section of land in Yemen, researcher Aric Toler of \u003ca href=\"https://www.bellingcat.com/resources/how-tos/2018/01/29/strava-interpretation-guide/\">Belling Cat\u003c/a> highlights how the Strava data give new details about activity in Aden, where a Patriot missile system was reported to have been deployed early last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Toler and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Mr_Ghostly/status/957766932949815296\">other experts are also warning\u003c/a> against assuming that any fitness trackers being used in remote and/or contested areas are military — rather than a civilian or relief — operation.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>As for the researcher who exposed the security concern, Ruser tells the \u003ca href=\"http://www.smh.com.au/national/anu-student-reveals-location-of-us-military-bases-20180129-h0pxxe.html\">Sydney Morning Herald\u003c/a>, \"I'm surprised at how much mainstream attention the map has gotten. I expected it to languish in wonk circles and open source circles until the U.S. government quietly fixed the problem, but instead it seems to have blown up a lot more than I would have thought.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Defense has taken notice, and is now reviewing its policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email to NPR, Rankine-Galloway of the Pentagon said, \"We take matters like these very seriously and are reviewing the situation to determine if any additional training or guidance is required, and if any additional policy must be developed to ensure the continued safety of DoD personnel at home and abroad.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Pentagon+Reviews+GPS+Policies+After+Soldiers%27+Strava+Tracks+Are+Seemingly+Exposed&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Analysis: San Francisco City Hall and Gov. Jerry Brown\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In a surprising turn of events, San Francisco Acting Mayor London Breed was replaced by Supervisor Mark Farrell, a venture capitalist who represents some of the city’s wealthiest neighborhoods. And Gov. Jerry Brown gave his final State of the State address after four terms at the helm of California.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Joe Eskenazi, San Francisco Magazine editor and Mission Local columnist\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Marisa Lagos, KQED politics and government reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Professor James Taylor, University of San Francisco\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Wildfire 911 Investigation\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As flames sped across Sonoma County during the night of Oct. 8, 2017, calls flooded into 911. But overwhelmed operators gave conflicting information about whether to evacuate — or not. KQED analyzed hundreds of hours of 911 calls and found troubling gaps in the emergency response system meant to keep the public safe.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sukey Lewis, KQED criminal justice reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lisa Pickoff-White, KQED data journalist\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Michelle Dennedy, Cisco Chief Privacy Officer\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cisco Chief Privacy Officer Michelle Dennedy talks about how to protect our devices and personal information from data theft, gives advice on how parents can talk to their children about social media use, and weighs in on whether it’s time for a #MeToo movement in Silicon Valley.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Analysis: San Francisco City Hall and Gov. Jerry Brown\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In a surprising turn of events, San Francisco Acting Mayor London Breed was replaced by Supervisor Mark Farrell, a venture capitalist who represents some of the city’s wealthiest neighborhoods. And Gov. Jerry Brown gave his final State of the State address after four terms at the helm of California.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Joe Eskenazi, San Francisco Magazine editor and Mission Local columnist\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Marisa Lagos, KQED politics and government reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Professor James Taylor, University of San Francisco\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Wildfire 911 Investigation\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As flames sped across Sonoma County during the night of Oct. 8, 2017, calls flooded into 911. But overwhelmed operators gave conflicting information about whether to evacuate — or not. KQED analyzed hundreds of hours of 911 calls and found troubling gaps in the emergency response system meant to keep the public safe.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sukey Lewis, KQED criminal justice reporter\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lisa Pickoff-White, KQED data journalist\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Michelle Dennedy, Cisco Chief Privacy Officer\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cisco Chief Privacy Officer Michelle Dennedy talks about how to protect our devices and personal information from data theft, gives advice on how parents can talk to their children about social media use, and weighs in on whether it’s time for a #MeToo movement in Silicon Valley.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo has resigned from a Federal Communications Commission committee tasked with expanding access to broadband. In a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sanjoseca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/74464\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> letter\u003c/a> addressed to FCC Chairman Ajit Pai, Liccardo said the focus of the group “plainly prioritized industry interests.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the letter, Liccardo wrote, “I hoped to develop balanced, common-sense recommendations that will advance our goal of expanding broadband access across the country, particularly for the 34 million low-income and rural Americans who lack that access. Instead, after nine months of deliberation, the committee has made no progress toward a single proposal. Not a single one of the draft recommendations attempts to meaningfully identify any new or significant resources to promote digital inclusion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liccardo said in an interview with KQED that he is still committed to establishing broadband access to everyone in San Jose, particularly among poor and minority communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Certainly net neutrality was a fight worth fighting, and will continue to be here in Silicon Valley,” Liccardo said. “But this is even a bigger issue because this is about who gets access at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a city of San Jose\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Digital20Inclusion20Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Digital Inclusion Report\u003c/a> produced in partnership with Stanford University last fall, 28 percent of San Jose residents don’t have access to broadband at home. The majority of those without access cite cost as a major prohibitive factor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11644269\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11644269\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM-800x410.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"410\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM-800x410.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM-160x82.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM-1020x523.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM-1180x605.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM-960x492.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM-240x123.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM-375x192.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM-520x266.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM.png 1259w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This map takes a look where wireline access is widespread. \u003ccite>(City of San Jose)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We are in the heart of Silicon Valley and it’s really a shame to see so many people who are not connected,” said Shireen Santosham, chief innovation officer for Liccardo’s office. “We have about 95,000 residents in San Jose that don’t have access to high-quality broadband. The majority of those are low-income folks, and a very high proportion of that is the Latino Hispanic community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose is currently adopting what it calls a “collective impact” approach to providing affordable broadband access. One of the ideas involves negotiating with broadband providers to invest in wireline infrastructure throughout the city. According to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.sanjoseca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/71929\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report\u003c/a> by the city of San Jose in September 2017, high-quality fiber access was confined to just 2.7 percent of the city’s census tracts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most cities are actually duopolies, so you have two dominant players providing broadband, and that is the case here in San Jose,” says Santosham. “Getting more competition, building the right incentives for the private sector to come in and lower prices and compete against each other, will result in bringing down the costs and getting more people on the services.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MClyburnFCC/status/956548287363977216\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> tweet,\u003c/a> FCC Commissioner Mignon Clyburn expressed disappointment about Liccardo’s resignation. “Disregarding an elected official representing one of the largest U.S. cities in the nation is unconscionable,” Clyburn wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/MClyburnFCC/status/956548287363977216\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Read San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo’s letter below.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[documentcloud url=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4360018-Liccardo-FCC-Committee-Resignation-Letter\" notes=\"true\" text=\"true\" search=\"true\" sidebar=\"true\" pdf=\"true\" responsive=\"true\" page=\"1\"]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo has resigned from a Federal Communications Commission committee tasked with expanding access to broadband. In a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sanjoseca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/74464\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> letter\u003c/a> addressed to FCC Chairman Ajit Pai, Liccardo said the focus of the group “plainly prioritized industry interests.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the letter, Liccardo wrote, “I hoped to develop balanced, common-sense recommendations that will advance our goal of expanding broadband access across the country, particularly for the 34 million low-income and rural Americans who lack that access. Instead, after nine months of deliberation, the committee has made no progress toward a single proposal. Not a single one of the draft recommendations attempts to meaningfully identify any new or significant resources to promote digital inclusion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liccardo said in an interview with KQED that he is still committed to establishing broadband access to everyone in San Jose, particularly among poor and minority communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Certainly net neutrality was a fight worth fighting, and will continue to be here in Silicon Valley,” Liccardo said. “But this is even a bigger issue because this is about who gets access at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a city of San Jose\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Digital20Inclusion20Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Digital Inclusion Report\u003c/a> produced in partnership with Stanford University last fall, 28 percent of San Jose residents don’t have access to broadband at home. The majority of those without access cite cost as a major prohibitive factor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11644269\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11644269\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM-800x410.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"410\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM-800x410.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM-160x82.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM-1020x523.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM-1180x605.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM-960x492.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM-240x123.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM-375x192.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM-520x266.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Screen-Shot-2018-01-25-at-12.11.55-PM.png 1259w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This map takes a look where wireline access is widespread. \u003ccite>(City of San Jose)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We are in the heart of Silicon Valley and it’s really a shame to see so many people who are not connected,” said Shireen Santosham, chief innovation officer for Liccardo’s office. “We have about 95,000 residents in San Jose that don’t have access to high-quality broadband. The majority of those are low-income folks, and a very high proportion of that is the Latino Hispanic community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose is currently adopting what it calls a “collective impact” approach to providing affordable broadband access. One of the ideas involves negotiating with broadband providers to invest in wireline infrastructure throughout the city. According to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.sanjoseca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/71929\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report\u003c/a> by the city of San Jose in September 2017, high-quality fiber access was confined to just 2.7 percent of the city’s census tracts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most cities are actually duopolies, so you have two dominant players providing broadband, and that is the case here in San Jose,” says Santosham. “Getting more competition, building the right incentives for the private sector to come in and lower prices and compete against each other, will result in bringing down the costs and getting more people on the services.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MClyburnFCC/status/956548287363977216\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> tweet,\u003c/a> FCC Commissioner Mignon Clyburn expressed disappointment about Liccardo’s resignation. “Disregarding an elected official representing one of the largest U.S. cities in the nation is unconscionable,” Clyburn wrote.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The California Report’s new series \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/beyondmetoo/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Beyond #MeToo: Abuse and Power Through a California Lens \u003c/a>\u003c/em>tackles many of the questions that have arisen in the wake of the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/metoo?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Ehashtag\">#MeToo\u003c/a> movement, and investigates how they play out in our lives, past the headlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Tech Bros: GoDaddy 2.0\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>From the \u003ca href=\"https://pando.com/2014/02/27/we-call-that-boob-er-the-four-most-awful-things-travis-kalanick-said-in-his-gq-profile/\">boorish \u003c/a>to the downright predatory, it seems like leading California tech “bros” are never not in the news for \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnet.com/news/silicon-valley-vc-quits-firm-amid-reports-of-sexual-misconduct/\">sexual harassment\u003c/a>, questionable\u003ca href=\"https://tely2.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=PnF63d-VB8kZwn2avI4Gu60xqTmxIaqfNHOf8VJPU7vsz_JWiGPVCA..&URL=https%3a%2f%2ftechcrunch.com%2f2018%2f01%2f08%2fjames-damore-just-filed-a-class-action-lawsuit-against-google-saying-it-discriminates-against-white-male-conservatives%2f\"> \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2018/01/08/james-damore-just-filed-a-class-action-lawsuit-against-google-saying-it-discriminates-against-white-male-conservatives/\">views\u003c/a> about female engineers, or \u003ca href=\"https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2018/01/brotopia-silicon-valley-secretive-orgiastic-inner-sanctum\">Silicon Valley sex parties\u003c/a> that perpetuate stale, heterosexual gendered power plays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Domain hosting business \u003ca href=\"https://www.godaddy.com\">GoDaddy.com\u003c/a> entered the ring as the ultimate bro-tastic Silicon Valley company, at least in reputation, when it started airing a series of sexually suggestive and controversial Super Bowl ads over a decade ago. Ads like these:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u7yFCqOAb9Y\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Report’s host John Sepulvado visited GoDaddy.com to talk with Steven Aldrich, the chief product officer. Sepulvado learned the company has been trying to \u003ca href=\"https://www.mediapost.com/publications/article/242751/where-have-you-gone-go-daddy.html\">repair its image\u003c/a> at the same time as it has made strides in its hiring practices — for instance, they \u003ca href=\"https://business.linkedin.com/talent-solutions/blog/diversity/2017/how-godaddy-increased-diversity-at-every-level-by-transforming-its-employee-evaluations\">took a hard look\u003c/a> at institutional bias in hiring and review practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aldrich admits the commercials were gross.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What GoDaddy has done to be able to take a culture that was good and make it great around being an egalitarian place, attract all comers, recruit women, retain women, promote women, and at the same time recruit men, retain men and promote men. You know it says a lot for how I think any company can change,” says Aldrich.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But would they have changed if they hadn’t come under fire for their ads? It might surprise you who was behind the marketing for that ad. Take a listen:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2018/01/BeyondMeTooTechSurferBros180125.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/spicoli584.jpg\" Title=\"Beyond #MeToo: Tech Bros and Surfer Bros\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Out Of The Way, Spicoli\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There’s another iconic California subculture where men get to make waves, and women are rarely a part of the storyline. Thirty-five years after Spicoli ditched Mr. Hand’s history class to catch the perfect wave in “Fast Times at Ridgemont High,” the surfer bro is still an archetype. But what about the surfer gal?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Co-host Julia Scott caught up with champion big-wave surfer Bianca Valenti at San Francisco’s Ocean Beach to talk about her push for equal representation for women at the world’s most important big-wave competitions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vko4mASRbfU\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bianca is a member of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/SurfEquity/\">Committee for Equity in Women’s Surfing\u003c/a>, an activist group that \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/10/21/mavericks-surfing-contest-will-include-women-for-first-time/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">scored a major victory\u003c/a> when it got organizers to let women compete in their own heat in the Mavericks Challenge this year (if the event happens; conditions have to be \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/12/mavericks-big-wave-surf-contest-could-be-held-early-next-week/\">just right\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valenti has been surfing since she was 7 years old in Southern California, and she simply got used to seeing men and boys in the water nearly 100 percent of the time. But for female surfers who may be less confident, a lack of representation can take a toll, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you paddle out in the water and you’re a woman, there’s just no escaping the fact that you’re not a man. You stand out. You are the other,” says Valenti.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And surfer bros don’t just control the waves. Valenti says they also control advertising and sponsorship, which can affect how women’s bodies are depicted in magazines, and how women’s surf skills are rewarded with prize purses at big-wave events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Have you ever confronted someone who harassed you? Did you forgive them? How did you move past it, or is that even possible?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Call us with your stories, and we’ll play some of them on \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/programs/the-california-report/\">The California Report\u003c/a>: 415-553-2204. You can also \u003ca href=\"mailto:calreport@kqed.org\">email us\u003c/a> with your contact information, and we’ll give you a call back: calreport@kqed.org.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The California Report’s new series \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/beyondmetoo/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Beyond #MeToo: Abuse and Power Through a California Lens \u003c/a>\u003c/em>tackles many of the questions that have arisen in the wake of the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/metoo?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Ehashtag\">#MeToo\u003c/a> movement, and investigates how they play out in our lives, past the headlines.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Tech Bros: GoDaddy 2.0\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>From the \u003ca href=\"https://pando.com/2014/02/27/we-call-that-boob-er-the-four-most-awful-things-travis-kalanick-said-in-his-gq-profile/\">boorish \u003c/a>to the downright predatory, it seems like leading California tech “bros” are never not in the news for \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnet.com/news/silicon-valley-vc-quits-firm-amid-reports-of-sexual-misconduct/\">sexual harassment\u003c/a>, questionable\u003ca href=\"https://tely2.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=PnF63d-VB8kZwn2avI4Gu60xqTmxIaqfNHOf8VJPU7vsz_JWiGPVCA..&URL=https%3a%2f%2ftechcrunch.com%2f2018%2f01%2f08%2fjames-damore-just-filed-a-class-action-lawsuit-against-google-saying-it-discriminates-against-white-male-conservatives%2f\"> \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2018/01/08/james-damore-just-filed-a-class-action-lawsuit-against-google-saying-it-discriminates-against-white-male-conservatives/\">views\u003c/a> about female engineers, or \u003ca href=\"https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2018/01/brotopia-silicon-valley-secretive-orgiastic-inner-sanctum\">Silicon Valley sex parties\u003c/a> that perpetuate stale, heterosexual gendered power plays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Domain hosting business \u003ca href=\"https://www.godaddy.com\">GoDaddy.com\u003c/a> entered the ring as the ultimate bro-tastic Silicon Valley company, at least in reputation, when it started airing a series of sexually suggestive and controversial Super Bowl ads over a decade ago. Ads like these:\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/u7yFCqOAb9Y'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/u7yFCqOAb9Y'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The California Report’s host John Sepulvado visited GoDaddy.com to talk with Steven Aldrich, the chief product officer. Sepulvado learned the company has been trying to \u003ca href=\"https://www.mediapost.com/publications/article/242751/where-have-you-gone-go-daddy.html\">repair its image\u003c/a> at the same time as it has made strides in its hiring practices — for instance, they \u003ca href=\"https://business.linkedin.com/talent-solutions/blog/diversity/2017/how-godaddy-increased-diversity-at-every-level-by-transforming-its-employee-evaluations\">took a hard look\u003c/a> at institutional bias in hiring and review practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aldrich admits the commercials were gross.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What GoDaddy has done to be able to take a culture that was good and make it great around being an egalitarian place, attract all comers, recruit women, retain women, promote women, and at the same time recruit men, retain men and promote men. You know it says a lot for how I think any company can change,” says Aldrich.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But would they have changed if they hadn’t come under fire for their ads? It might surprise you who was behind the marketing for that ad. Take a listen:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Out Of The Way, Spicoli\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There’s another iconic California subculture where men get to make waves, and women are rarely a part of the storyline. Thirty-five years after Spicoli ditched Mr. Hand’s history class to catch the perfect wave in “Fast Times at Ridgemont High,” the surfer bro is still an archetype. But what about the surfer gal?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Co-host Julia Scott caught up with champion big-wave surfer Bianca Valenti at San Francisco’s Ocean Beach to talk about her push for equal representation for women at the world’s most important big-wave competitions.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/Vko4mASRbfU'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/Vko4mASRbfU'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Bianca is a member of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/SurfEquity/\">Committee for Equity in Women’s Surfing\u003c/a>, an activist group that \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/10/21/mavericks-surfing-contest-will-include-women-for-first-time/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">scored a major victory\u003c/a> when it got organizers to let women compete in their own heat in the Mavericks Challenge this year (if the event happens; conditions have to be \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/12/mavericks-big-wave-surf-contest-could-be-held-early-next-week/\">just right\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valenti has been surfing since she was 7 years old in Southern California, and she simply got used to seeing men and boys in the water nearly 100 percent of the time. But for female surfers who may be less confident, a lack of representation can take a toll, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you paddle out in the water and you’re a woman, there’s just no escaping the fact that you’re not a man. You stand out. You are the other,” says Valenti.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And surfer bros don’t just control the waves. Valenti says they also control advertising and sponsorship, which can affect how women’s bodies are depicted in magazines, and how women’s surf skills are rewarded with prize purses at big-wave events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Have you ever confronted someone who harassed you? Did you forgive them? How did you move past it, or is that even possible?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Call us with your stories, and we’ll play some of them on \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/programs/the-california-report/\">The California Report\u003c/a>: 415-553-2204. You can also \u003ca href=\"mailto:calreport@kqed.org\">email us\u003c/a> with your contact information, and we’ll give you a call back: calreport@kqed.org.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Lyft Gains on Uber by Appealing to Progressive Political Ideals",
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"content": "\u003cp>Maybe you’ve heard people say it: “I don’t use Uber, I take Lyft.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many, a boycott of Uber is a way to protest the company for a variety of reasons, including sexual harassment scandals, and the behavior of its former CEO. While Uber still dominates the ride-hailing business, Lyft has been making up ground, in part by appealing to progressives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of 2017, Uber controlled some 83 percent of the U.S. ride-hailing market. This is according to TXN Solutions, a research firm that gathers data on ride-hailing companies. But Uber’s overwhelming dominance of the market began to change one night at JFK airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last January, protesters rallied against President Trump’s plan to ban travel to the U.S. from a number of Muslin-majority countries. In solidarity, taxi drivers stopped service to JFK. Uber did not, and people accused the company of breaking the taxi strike. Users began deleting their Uber accounts and posting about it on social media with the hashtag “DeleteUber.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘Uber’s problems started literally almost overnight.’ \u003ccite>Jonathan Wolf, CEO of TXN Solutions\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Wolf is CEO of research firm TXN Solutions. “Uber’s problems started literally almost overnight,” Wolf said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolf said Uber’s slide continued all year, fueled by things like \u003ca href=\"https://www.recode.net/2017/8/20/16164176/uber-2017-timeline-scandal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sexual harassment scandals\u003c/a> at the company and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vW50dnWVfGU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">video of founder and former CEO Travis Kalanick berating a driver\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Uber’s missteps really started consumers thinking about what company they wanted to be associated with,” Wolf said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Uber slipped, Lyft gained. Messages posted on social media explicitly documented how people were dumping Uber for Lyft. “Goodbye Uber, Hello Lyft” became a thing on Twitter. Celebrities like Susan Sarandon fueled the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/SusanSarandon/status/826107141660487680\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to TXN, Lyft’s U.S. market share grew from about 17 percent to around 26 percent during 2017. (Lyft has a slightly higher estimate of its current market share, putting it at at 33 percent). Wolf said Lyft made especially large gains in liberal cities like San Francisco and places with universities like Austin and Ann Arbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of Lyft’s growth comes from its expansion into a bunch of new markets over the last year. But University of San Francisco marketing professor Bhavya Mohan said Lyft is also attracting users because its brand appeals to liberals more than Uber’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is one of those cases where you have identical services practically, but such different brands,” Mohan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber started as a more elite, luxury service, and Mohan said the brand still conveys that with its sleek black logo and German name. Lyft has always cast itself as the friendlier, less aggressive alternative. It used to encourage passengers to sit in the front seat and fist bump drivers. Mohan said even the Lyft logo — with its curved lines, friendly font and pink color — seems to say, “Hey, we’re the nice guys.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Uber was committing a series of political PR mistakes last year, Lyft made moves that appealed to progressives. It pledged to donate $1 million to the ACLU, and it developed an ad campaign about making the “right choices.” Actor Jeff Bridges stars in one of the ads. It’s Oregon Trail-themed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TbqOldR0kN0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While riding on a wagon, Bridges tells his driver, “You can choose to ride with the right people, doing things for the right reasons, you’ll always end up in the right place, or you can choose poorly.” Bridges ends the scene with the tagline for the new advertising campaign: “It matters how you get there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Melissa Waters, Lyft’s vice president of marketing, said, “‘It matters how you get there’ is the tagline we were using in a lot of our work this year to signify that we are a company that cares a lot about our values and cares a lot about doing things the right way.” Waters said Lyft wanted to make consumers “feel great” about choosing Lyft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veena Dubal is a professor of law at UC Hastings who does research on gig workers. Dubal said that publicly choosing Lyft over Uber has become a way for people to signal that they stand for progressive values. She, for one, does not buy Lyft’s “right choice” marketing.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I think that Lyft and Uber are substantially the same.’ \u003ccite>Veena Dubal, UC Hastings law professor \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I think that Lyft and Uber are substantially the same,” Dubal said. She critiques both Lyft and Uber for the relationship they have to their drivers, who she says are getting a raw deal at either company. Both Uber and Lyft flood the road with cars, which keeps the price of a ride and driver earnings low. Plus, as contractors, the drivers do not have job protections or benefits. The companies have \u003ca href=\"https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2017/03/lyft-agrees-to-pay-27-million-to-settle-driver-classification-lawsuit/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">both been sued\u003c/a> for classifying their drivers as contractors instead of employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have this company that is capitalizing off of exploitation, but it’s shielding itself with this liberal image of being for civil rights,” Dubal said of Lyft. She added that “labor rights are civil rights and that’s sort of what’s getting lost in the way that people understand and use Lyft.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dubal said Lyft’s good-guy branding makes it easier for progressives to overlook potential labor issues when they want a ride. Liberals, she said, “are not really willing to take the big step which is to actually use a regulated taxi, where there is some semblance of wage security, regulation and limited labor rights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is ironic, Dubal pointed out, because it was taxi drivers who sparked the whole #DeleteUber movement by going on strike at JFK Airport. Lyft, like Uber, continued to run rides to the airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the Lyft-Uber story is indicative of a larger trend: that progressive movements based around things like race, gender equality and immigration have become separated from issues of class and labor.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Maybe you’ve heard people say it: “I don’t use Uber, I take Lyft.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many, a boycott of Uber is a way to protest the company for a variety of reasons, including sexual harassment scandals, and the behavior of its former CEO. While Uber still dominates the ride-hailing business, Lyft has been making up ground, in part by appealing to progressives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of 2017, Uber controlled some 83 percent of the U.S. ride-hailing market. This is according to TXN Solutions, a research firm that gathers data on ride-hailing companies. But Uber’s overwhelming dominance of the market began to change one night at JFK airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last January, protesters rallied against President Trump’s plan to ban travel to the U.S. from a number of Muslin-majority countries. In solidarity, taxi drivers stopped service to JFK. Uber did not, and people accused the company of breaking the taxi strike. Users began deleting their Uber accounts and posting about it on social media with the hashtag “DeleteUber.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘Uber’s problems started literally almost overnight.’ \u003ccite>Jonathan Wolf, CEO of TXN Solutions\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Wolf is CEO of research firm TXN Solutions. “Uber’s problems started literally almost overnight,” Wolf said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolf said Uber’s slide continued all year, fueled by things like \u003ca href=\"https://www.recode.net/2017/8/20/16164176/uber-2017-timeline-scandal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sexual harassment scandals\u003c/a> at the company and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vW50dnWVfGU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">video of founder and former CEO Travis Kalanick berating a driver\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Uber’s missteps really started consumers thinking about what company they wanted to be associated with,” Wolf said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Uber slipped, Lyft gained. Messages posted on social media explicitly documented how people were dumping Uber for Lyft. “Goodbye Uber, Hello Lyft” became a thing on Twitter. Celebrities like Susan Sarandon fueled the fire.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>According to TXN, Lyft’s U.S. market share grew from about 17 percent to around 26 percent during 2017. (Lyft has a slightly higher estimate of its current market share, putting it at at 33 percent). Wolf said Lyft made especially large gains in liberal cities like San Francisco and places with universities like Austin and Ann Arbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of Lyft’s growth comes from its expansion into a bunch of new markets over the last year. But University of San Francisco marketing professor Bhavya Mohan said Lyft is also attracting users because its brand appeals to liberals more than Uber’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is one of those cases where you have identical services practically, but such different brands,” Mohan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber started as a more elite, luxury service, and Mohan said the brand still conveys that with its sleek black logo and German name. Lyft has always cast itself as the friendlier, less aggressive alternative. It used to encourage passengers to sit in the front seat and fist bump drivers. Mohan said even the Lyft logo — with its curved lines, friendly font and pink color — seems to say, “Hey, we’re the nice guys.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Uber was committing a series of political PR mistakes last year, Lyft made moves that appealed to progressives. It pledged to donate $1 million to the ACLU, and it developed an ad campaign about making the “right choices.” Actor Jeff Bridges stars in one of the ads. It’s Oregon Trail-themed.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/TbqOldR0kN0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/TbqOldR0kN0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>While riding on a wagon, Bridges tells his driver, “You can choose to ride with the right people, doing things for the right reasons, you’ll always end up in the right place, or you can choose poorly.” Bridges ends the scene with the tagline for the new advertising campaign: “It matters how you get there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Melissa Waters, Lyft’s vice president of marketing, said, “‘It matters how you get there’ is the tagline we were using in a lot of our work this year to signify that we are a company that cares a lot about our values and cares a lot about doing things the right way.” Waters said Lyft wanted to make consumers “feel great” about choosing Lyft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veena Dubal is a professor of law at UC Hastings who does research on gig workers. Dubal said that publicly choosing Lyft over Uber has become a way for people to signal that they stand for progressive values. She, for one, does not buy Lyft’s “right choice” marketing.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I think that Lyft and Uber are substantially the same.’ \u003ccite>Veena Dubal, UC Hastings law professor \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I think that Lyft and Uber are substantially the same,” Dubal said. She critiques both Lyft and Uber for the relationship they have to their drivers, who she says are getting a raw deal at either company. Both Uber and Lyft flood the road with cars, which keeps the price of a ride and driver earnings low. Plus, as contractors, the drivers do not have job protections or benefits. The companies have \u003ca href=\"https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2017/03/lyft-agrees-to-pay-27-million-to-settle-driver-classification-lawsuit/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">both been sued\u003c/a> for classifying their drivers as contractors instead of employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have this company that is capitalizing off of exploitation, but it’s shielding itself with this liberal image of being for civil rights,” Dubal said of Lyft. She added that “labor rights are civil rights and that’s sort of what’s getting lost in the way that people understand and use Lyft.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dubal said Lyft’s good-guy branding makes it easier for progressives to overlook potential labor issues when they want a ride. Liberals, she said, “are not really willing to take the big step which is to actually use a regulated taxi, where there is some semblance of wage security, regulation and limited labor rights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is ironic, Dubal pointed out, because it was taxi drivers who sparked the whole #DeleteUber movement by going on strike at JFK Airport. Lyft, like Uber, continued to run rides to the airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the Lyft-Uber story is indicative of a larger trend: that progressive movements based around things like race, gender equality and immigration have become separated from issues of class and labor.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Wage stagnation. Rising housing prices. Loss of middle-class jobs. The looming threat of automation. These are some of the problems facing Stockton and its residents, but the city’s mayor, Michael Tubbs, says his city is far from unique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think Stockton is absolutely ground zero for a lot of the issues we are facing as a nation,” Tubbs said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I think Stockton is absolutely ground zero for a lot of the issues we are facing as a nation.’\u003ccite>Michael Tubbs, mayor of Stockton\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Stockton is one of many Bay Area cities on the fringe of the wealth accumulating in Silicon Valley and San Francisco. The Central Valley city \u003ca href=\"http://www.stocktongov.com/government/departments/manager/bankruptcy/default.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">went bankrupt in 2012\u003c/a>, and for decades it has been trying to diversify its agriculture-based economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel that as mayor it’s my responsibility to do all I could to begin figuring out what’s the best way to make sure that folks in our community have a real economic floor,” Tubbs said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tubbs is coordinating an effort to test a new way to sustain residents: universal basic income, or UBI. For one year, several dozen Stockton families will get $500 a month, no strings attached.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dorian Warren co-chairs the \u003ca href=\"https://economicsecurityproject.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Economic Security Project\u003c/a>, which is contributing $1 million to the initiative. He said the goal is to gather data on the economic and social impacts of giving people a basic income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to tracking what residents do with the money, Warren said they will be monitoring how a basic income affects things like self-esteem and identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What does it mean to say, ‘Here is unconditional guaranteed income just based on you being a human being?’ ” Warren asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hope is to demonstrate UBI’s potential and encourage other places to give it a try. UBI has recently gotten a boost from Silicon Valley moguls concerned about income inequality and the future of society, but the idea isn’t actually all that new, said Michelle Anderson, a Stanford law professor.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘UBI was first pitched by Nixon as an answer to post-industrial job losses.’ \u003ccite>Michelle Anderson, Stanford law professor\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Anderson said, “UBI was first pitched by Nixon as an answer to post-industrial job losses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With this experiment, Anderson said Stockton may discover it gets more economic stimulus by giving money to its citizens rather than corporations it hopes will bring in jobs and tax revenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The UBI that is being proposed in Stockton now is very small compared to the big corporate subsidies that cities like that engage in,” Anderson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stockton racked up millions in debt on development projects in the past, which got the city into trouble, Mayor Tubbs said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve overspent on things like arenas and marinas and things of that sort to try to lure in tourism and dollars that way,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tubbs thinks the UBI experiment will show that Stockton’s best bet is to invest in its own people.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Wage stagnation. Rising housing prices. Loss of middle-class jobs. The looming threat of automation. These are some of the problems facing Stockton and its residents, but the city’s mayor, Michael Tubbs, says his city is far from unique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think Stockton is absolutely ground zero for a lot of the issues we are facing as a nation,” Tubbs said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I think Stockton is absolutely ground zero for a lot of the issues we are facing as a nation.’\u003ccite>Michael Tubbs, mayor of Stockton\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Stockton is one of many Bay Area cities on the fringe of the wealth accumulating in Silicon Valley and San Francisco. The Central Valley city \u003ca href=\"http://www.stocktongov.com/government/departments/manager/bankruptcy/default.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">went bankrupt in 2012\u003c/a>, and for decades it has been trying to diversify its agriculture-based economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel that as mayor it’s my responsibility to do all I could to begin figuring out what’s the best way to make sure that folks in our community have a real economic floor,” Tubbs said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tubbs is coordinating an effort to test a new way to sustain residents: universal basic income, or UBI. For one year, several dozen Stockton families will get $500 a month, no strings attached.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dorian Warren co-chairs the \u003ca href=\"https://economicsecurityproject.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Economic Security Project\u003c/a>, which is contributing $1 million to the initiative. He said the goal is to gather data on the economic and social impacts of giving people a basic income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to tracking what residents do with the money, Warren said they will be monitoring how a basic income affects things like self-esteem and identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What does it mean to say, ‘Here is unconditional guaranteed income just based on you being a human being?’ ” Warren asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hope is to demonstrate UBI’s potential and encourage other places to give it a try. UBI has recently gotten a boost from Silicon Valley moguls concerned about income inequality and the future of society, but the idea isn’t actually all that new, said Michelle Anderson, a Stanford law professor.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘UBI was first pitched by Nixon as an answer to post-industrial job losses.’ \u003ccite>Michelle Anderson, Stanford law professor\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Anderson said, “UBI was first pitched by Nixon as an answer to post-industrial job losses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With this experiment, Anderson said Stockton may discover it gets more economic stimulus by giving money to its citizens rather than corporations it hopes will bring in jobs and tax revenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The UBI that is being proposed in Stockton now is very small compared to the big corporate subsidies that cities like that engage in,” Anderson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stockton racked up millions in debt on development projects in the past, which got the city into trouble, Mayor Tubbs said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve overspent on things like arenas and marinas and things of that sort to try to lure in tourism and dollars that way,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tubbs thinks the UBI experiment will show that Stockton’s best bet is to invest in its own people.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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},
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"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
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},
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"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"order": 1
},
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "WNYC"
},
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
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"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
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