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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was reported for K Onda KQED, a monthly newsletter focused on the Bay Area’s Latinx community. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/newsletters/k-onda\">Click here to subscribe\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chef Rogelio Garcia has wasted no time living out his culinary dreams. After taking an after-school job as a dishwasher at 15, he dedicated himself to rising up the ranks in fine dining.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his early 20s, he was named executive chef of well-known restaurants, including Angele in Napa, as well as the Commissary and Spruce, both in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/tag/san-francisco\">San Francisco\u003c/a>. In 2018, he was a contestant on Bravo’s \u003cem>Top Chef\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2022, he took on the challenge of developing and opening Auro, a restaurant in the Four Seasons Resort in Calistoga that earned a Michelin star in its first year, a major accomplishment for any chef.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12014014\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1706px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12014014\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/MushroomTacos_Convivir_p042a1-scaled-e1731360232297.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1706\" height=\"1237\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/MushroomTacos_Convivir_p042a1-scaled-e1731360232297.jpg 1706w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/MushroomTacos_Convivir_p042a1-scaled-e1731360232297-800x580.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/MushroomTacos_Convivir_p042a1-scaled-e1731360232297-1020x740.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/MushroomTacos_Convivir_p042a1-scaled-e1731360232297-160x116.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/MushroomTacos_Convivir_p042a1-scaled-e1731360232297-1536x1114.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1706px) 100vw, 1706px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mushroom tacos from Rogelio Garcia’s cookbook, ‘Convivir: Modern Mexican Cuisine In California’s Wine Country.’ \u003ccite>(Courtesy of John Troxell)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In September, he released a cookbook, \u003cem>Convivir: Modern Mexican Cooking in California’s Wine Country\u003c/em>. All the while, he’s raised two sons who are now 18 and 19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I got into this industry, I just needed a job to help my mother,” Garcia, 38, said. “It became such an amazing career.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia is a different kind of dreamer. He is one of more than half a million people who participate in Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/deferred-action-for-childhood-arrivals\">the program commonly known as DACA\u003c/a>, which was enacted in 2012 to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11881855/tired-of-living-in-limbo-daca-application-backlog-puts-immigrant-lives-on-hold\">protect immigrants from deportation\u003c/a> if they came to the United States as children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former President Donald Trump tried to end the program during his first term as president. He has promised to deport millions of undocumented immigrants in his second term, which starts in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I sat down with Garcia two days after Trump won the 2024 presidential election. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11917125/bay-area-daca-recipients-have-mixed-emotions-on-10-year-anniversary\">possibility of DACA ending\u003c/a> keeps him up at night. His hope would be to obtain citizenship one day, but right now he doesn’t have a clear path for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12014012\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-12014012\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/Convivir_Cover1-800x987.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"987\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/Convivir_Cover1-800x987.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/Convivir_Cover1-1020x1259.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/Convivir_Cover1-160x197.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/Convivir_Cover1-1245x1536.jpg 1245w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/Convivir_Cover1-1659x2048.jpg 1659w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/Convivir_Cover1-1920x2370.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The cover of Rogelio Garcia’s cookbook, ‘Convivir: Modern Mexican Cuisine In California’s Wine Country.’ \u003ccite>(Courtesy of John Troxell)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A good friend of mine told me, ‘You can’t waste energy on something you can’t control, because what’s going to happen is going to happen,’” he recalled. “If it was up to me, things would be different, right? But that doesn’t mean that I’m not going to work hard and pursue my dreams and continue to inspire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia walked me through the dining room at Auro, with its floor-to-ceiling windows framing a stunning view of the Napa Valley. Diners enjoy dishes influenced by Mexican, French and Japanese cuisine. He told me about some of the items he was serving that night on the tasting menu: canapes, king crab from Japan, an al pastor-inspired pineapple sauce and buñuelos for dessert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Living with uncertainty has been a constant for Garcia. He and his two siblings were raised by a single mother who brought him to Los Angeles when he was 2 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know how she did it,” Garcia said of his mother, who navigated a new country, an unfamiliar language and tight finances. “When the holidays were coming up or my birthday or one of my siblings’ birthdays, she would definitely make an effort to make us feel special, whether it’d be cooking chiles rellenos or making flan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I knew when she was about to make dessert, it was because it was a special day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12014013\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12014013\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/HuaracheswithShrimp_Convivir_p049a1-scaled-e1731360195186-800x620.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"620\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/HuaracheswithShrimp_Convivir_p049a1-scaled-e1731360195186-800x620.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/HuaracheswithShrimp_Convivir_p049a1-scaled-e1731360195186-1020x790.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/HuaracheswithShrimp_Convivir_p049a1-scaled-e1731360195186-160x124.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/HuaracheswithShrimp_Convivir_p049a1-scaled-e1731360195186-1536x1190.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/HuaracheswithShrimp_Convivir_p049a1-scaled-e1731360195186.jpg 1706w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Huaraches with shrimp from Rogelio Garcia’s cookbook, ‘Convivir: Modern Mexican Cuisine In California’s Wine Country.’ \u003ccite>(Courtesy of John Troxell)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When he was teenager, the family moved to the Napa Valley to be near relatives. During his time at Vintage High School in Napa, Garcia took drama classes and dreamt of becoming an actor until he learned how hard it would be to make it in Hollywood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What drew him to acting was the chance to express himself as an artist. Food, he decided, could also be an avenue for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whatever I had inside that I wanted to come out, it was going to come out in one form or the other,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He considered going to culinary school, but he couldn’t afford it nor could he apply for financial aid because he was undocumented.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"forum_2010101907777,news_12013395,news_11969685\"]“I had more time than money, so I would come in early to learn from the chef or the guy that I was working for to show me how to break down fish, show me how to do X, Y and Z,” he said of his jobs in restaurants. “I was always asking, ‘What book should I buy? What things should I watch on YouTube?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, President Obama announced DACA. Garcia began his application right away. He hired a lawyer and spent several weeks pulling together school records, his birth certificate and documents proving he had arrived in the U.S. before his 16th birthday — and that he’d lived here continuously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I felt like I won the lottery,” he said when his application was approved. “It was just incredible. I don’t have to worry about driving. I can work in places that, even if they check, it is fine because it’s all valid. So that was a huge relief for me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2013, he landed the executive chef role at Angele. He went on to other fine dining establishments, where worked with accomplished chefs and restaurateurs such as Traci des Jardins, Douglas Keane and Michael Mina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he built up his resume, his dream of winning a Michelin Star, one of the most prestigious awards in the culinary world, lingered. He knew that Auro would give him a chance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My personal goal was to come to this restaurant and get a Michelin star,” he said. “That’s like the ultimate prize for a chef, but I didn’t plan on doing a book and opening a restaurant at the same time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12014011\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12014011\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/CaviarTostones_Convivir_p191a1-scaled-e1731360156713-800x644.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"644\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/CaviarTostones_Convivir_p191a1-scaled-e1731360156713-800x644.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/CaviarTostones_Convivir_p191a1-scaled-e1731360156713-1020x821.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/CaviarTostones_Convivir_p191a1-scaled-e1731360156713-160x129.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/CaviarTostones_Convivir_p191a1-scaled-e1731360156713-1536x1236.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/CaviarTostones_Convivir_p191a1-scaled-e1731360156713.jpg 1706w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Branzino with shrimp mousse from Rogelio Garcia’s cookbook, ‘Convivir: Modern Mexican Cuisine In California’s Wine Country.’ \u003ccite>(Courtesy of John Troxell)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Auro was added to the Michelin Guide in 2023, and Garcia was invited to the awards ceremony for California restaurants. Then came an invite to the after party. None of that guarantees a star.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I remember the moment when they called my name and the restaurant’s name — I just couldn’t believe it,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within minutes, he received so many congratulatory texts and messages that his phone froze. He relished every second. Another dream had come true.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has made sharing his story all the more important. His goal with the cookbook was to demonstrate what he’s accomplished in spite of not having legal status in this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also a “love letter” to his mother, California and Mexico — his biggest culinary influences. The irony is that he can’t visit Mexico without risking not being able to return to the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like, ‘I love you from afar. I can’t wait to truly meet you and meet the people and hold you. I hold you in my heart. But I can’t be there to hold you in person,’” said Garcia, who makes it a point of speaking about his experiences at local schools. “The most important thing for me is to give back to inspire the younger generation, to young kids who are maybe lost like I was, maybe confused, maybe not guided.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was reported for K Onda KQED, a monthly newsletter focused on the Bay Area’s Latinx community. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/newsletters/k-onda\">Click here to subscribe\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chef Rogelio Garcia has wasted no time living out his culinary dreams. After taking an after-school job as a dishwasher at 15, he dedicated himself to rising up the ranks in fine dining.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his early 20s, he was named executive chef of well-known restaurants, including Angele in Napa, as well as the Commissary and Spruce, both in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/tag/san-francisco\">San Francisco\u003c/a>. In 2018, he was a contestant on Bravo’s \u003cem>Top Chef\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2022, he took on the challenge of developing and opening Auro, a restaurant in the Four Seasons Resort in Calistoga that earned a Michelin star in its first year, a major accomplishment for any chef.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12014014\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1706px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12014014\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/MushroomTacos_Convivir_p042a1-scaled-e1731360232297.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1706\" height=\"1237\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/MushroomTacos_Convivir_p042a1-scaled-e1731360232297.jpg 1706w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/MushroomTacos_Convivir_p042a1-scaled-e1731360232297-800x580.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/MushroomTacos_Convivir_p042a1-scaled-e1731360232297-1020x740.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/MushroomTacos_Convivir_p042a1-scaled-e1731360232297-160x116.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/MushroomTacos_Convivir_p042a1-scaled-e1731360232297-1536x1114.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1706px) 100vw, 1706px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mushroom tacos from Rogelio Garcia’s cookbook, ‘Convivir: Modern Mexican Cuisine In California’s Wine Country.’ \u003ccite>(Courtesy of John Troxell)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In September, he released a cookbook, \u003cem>Convivir: Modern Mexican Cooking in California’s Wine Country\u003c/em>. All the while, he’s raised two sons who are now 18 and 19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I got into this industry, I just needed a job to help my mother,” Garcia, 38, said. “It became such an amazing career.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia is a different kind of dreamer. He is one of more than half a million people who participate in Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/deferred-action-for-childhood-arrivals\">the program commonly known as DACA\u003c/a>, which was enacted in 2012 to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11881855/tired-of-living-in-limbo-daca-application-backlog-puts-immigrant-lives-on-hold\">protect immigrants from deportation\u003c/a> if they came to the United States as children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former President Donald Trump tried to end the program during his first term as president. He has promised to deport millions of undocumented immigrants in his second term, which starts in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I sat down with Garcia two days after Trump won the 2024 presidential election. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11917125/bay-area-daca-recipients-have-mixed-emotions-on-10-year-anniversary\">possibility of DACA ending\u003c/a> keeps him up at night. His hope would be to obtain citizenship one day, but right now he doesn’t have a clear path for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12014012\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-12014012\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/Convivir_Cover1-800x987.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"987\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/Convivir_Cover1-800x987.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/Convivir_Cover1-1020x1259.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/Convivir_Cover1-160x197.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/Convivir_Cover1-1245x1536.jpg 1245w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/Convivir_Cover1-1659x2048.jpg 1659w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/Convivir_Cover1-1920x2370.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The cover of Rogelio Garcia’s cookbook, ‘Convivir: Modern Mexican Cuisine In California’s Wine Country.’ \u003ccite>(Courtesy of John Troxell)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A good friend of mine told me, ‘You can’t waste energy on something you can’t control, because what’s going to happen is going to happen,’” he recalled. “If it was up to me, things would be different, right? But that doesn’t mean that I’m not going to work hard and pursue my dreams and continue to inspire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia walked me through the dining room at Auro, with its floor-to-ceiling windows framing a stunning view of the Napa Valley. Diners enjoy dishes influenced by Mexican, French and Japanese cuisine. He told me about some of the items he was serving that night on the tasting menu: canapes, king crab from Japan, an al pastor-inspired pineapple sauce and buñuelos for dessert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Living with uncertainty has been a constant for Garcia. He and his two siblings were raised by a single mother who brought him to Los Angeles when he was 2 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know how she did it,” Garcia said of his mother, who navigated a new country, an unfamiliar language and tight finances. “When the holidays were coming up or my birthday or one of my siblings’ birthdays, she would definitely make an effort to make us feel special, whether it’d be cooking chiles rellenos or making flan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I knew when she was about to make dessert, it was because it was a special day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12014013\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12014013\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/HuaracheswithShrimp_Convivir_p049a1-scaled-e1731360195186-800x620.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"620\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/HuaracheswithShrimp_Convivir_p049a1-scaled-e1731360195186-800x620.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/HuaracheswithShrimp_Convivir_p049a1-scaled-e1731360195186-1020x790.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/HuaracheswithShrimp_Convivir_p049a1-scaled-e1731360195186-160x124.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/HuaracheswithShrimp_Convivir_p049a1-scaled-e1731360195186-1536x1190.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/HuaracheswithShrimp_Convivir_p049a1-scaled-e1731360195186.jpg 1706w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Huaraches with shrimp from Rogelio Garcia’s cookbook, ‘Convivir: Modern Mexican Cuisine In California’s Wine Country.’ \u003ccite>(Courtesy of John Troxell)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When he was teenager, the family moved to the Napa Valley to be near relatives. During his time at Vintage High School in Napa, Garcia took drama classes and dreamt of becoming an actor until he learned how hard it would be to make it in Hollywood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What drew him to acting was the chance to express himself as an artist. Food, he decided, could also be an avenue for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whatever I had inside that I wanted to come out, it was going to come out in one form or the other,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He considered going to culinary school, but he couldn’t afford it nor could he apply for financial aid because he was undocumented.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“I had more time than money, so I would come in early to learn from the chef or the guy that I was working for to show me how to break down fish, show me how to do X, Y and Z,” he said of his jobs in restaurants. “I was always asking, ‘What book should I buy? What things should I watch on YouTube?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, President Obama announced DACA. Garcia began his application right away. He hired a lawyer and spent several weeks pulling together school records, his birth certificate and documents proving he had arrived in the U.S. before his 16th birthday — and that he’d lived here continuously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I felt like I won the lottery,” he said when his application was approved. “It was just incredible. I don’t have to worry about driving. I can work in places that, even if they check, it is fine because it’s all valid. So that was a huge relief for me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2013, he landed the executive chef role at Angele. He went on to other fine dining establishments, where worked with accomplished chefs and restaurateurs such as Traci des Jardins, Douglas Keane and Michael Mina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he built up his resume, his dream of winning a Michelin Star, one of the most prestigious awards in the culinary world, lingered. He knew that Auro would give him a chance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My personal goal was to come to this restaurant and get a Michelin star,” he said. “That’s like the ultimate prize for a chef, but I didn’t plan on doing a book and opening a restaurant at the same time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12014011\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12014011\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/CaviarTostones_Convivir_p191a1-scaled-e1731360156713-800x644.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"644\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/CaviarTostones_Convivir_p191a1-scaled-e1731360156713-800x644.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/CaviarTostones_Convivir_p191a1-scaled-e1731360156713-1020x821.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/CaviarTostones_Convivir_p191a1-scaled-e1731360156713-160x129.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/CaviarTostones_Convivir_p191a1-scaled-e1731360156713-1536x1236.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/CaviarTostones_Convivir_p191a1-scaled-e1731360156713.jpg 1706w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Branzino with shrimp mousse from Rogelio Garcia’s cookbook, ‘Convivir: Modern Mexican Cuisine In California’s Wine Country.’ \u003ccite>(Courtesy of John Troxell)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Auro was added to the Michelin Guide in 2023, and Garcia was invited to the awards ceremony for California restaurants. Then came an invite to the after party. None of that guarantees a star.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I remember the moment when they called my name and the restaurant’s name — I just couldn’t believe it,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within minutes, he received so many congratulatory texts and messages that his phone froze. He relished every second. Another dream had come true.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has made sharing his story all the more important. His goal with the cookbook was to demonstrate what he’s accomplished in spite of not having legal status in this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also a “love letter” to his mother, California and Mexico — his biggest culinary influences. The irony is that he can’t visit Mexico without risking not being able to return to the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like, ‘I love you from afar. I can’t wait to truly meet you and meet the people and hold you. I hold you in my heart. But I can’t be there to hold you in person,’” said Garcia, who makes it a point of speaking about his experiences at local schools. “The most important thing for me is to give back to inspire the younger generation, to young kids who are maybe lost like I was, maybe confused, maybe not guided.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "What to Know About Tom Homan, the Former ICE Head Returning as Trump's 'Border Czar'",
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"content": "\u003cp>President-elect Trump announced Sunday night that Tom Homan, his former acting head of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), will join his second administration to oversee border control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his role as “border czar” — which does not require Senate confirmation — Homan will be in charge of the southern and northern U.S. borders, as well as “all Maritime and Aviation Security,” Trump said in his \u003ca href=\"https://truthsocial.com/@realDonaldTrump/posts/113462412414821782\">post on Truth Social\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Likewise, Tom Homan will be in charge of all Deportation of Illegal Aliens back to their Country of Origin,” Trump wrote, adding that “there is nobody better at policing and controlling our Borders.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is unclear what role Homan will take, since managing immigration requires coordination between several agencies under the Department of Homeland Security.[aside postID=news_12011983 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-02-KQED-1020x680.jpg']Homan, a former police officer and Border Patrol agent, has worked under six presidents during his three decades in law enforcement. He was executive associate director of enforcement and removal operations for Immigration and Customs Enforcement under President Obama. During that administration, ICE carried out a record number of deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Honan repeatedly \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/live-updates/trump-2024-rnc-milwaukee#former-acting-ice-director-tells-undocumented-immigrants-to-start-packing\">praised Trump\u003c/a> for being the one who did the most to secure the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunday’s announcement was largely expected, as Trump had said \u003ca href=\"https://ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/news/2024/07/15/rnc-chair-whatley-trump-project-2025\">over the summer\u003c/a> that he would tap Homan to help oversee immigration policies in his potential second term. Speaking at the National Conservatism Conference in July, Homan \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/08/14/nx-s1-5037992/trump-immigrants-border-mass-deportation-presidential-race-migrants\">told undocumented immigrants\u003c/a> to “wait till 2025,” adding, “If you’re here illegally, you better be looking over your shoulder.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Trump comes back in January,” Homan said. “I’ll be on his heels coming back. And I will run the biggest deportation operation this country’s ever seen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Homan was behind Trump’s controversial family separation policy\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Homan was the face of the Trump administration’s crackdown on immigration during his tenure as acting director of ICE from January 2017 to June 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that time, he often appeared at White House press briefings to defend his agents’ arrests of undocumented immigrants and call for stronger enforcement, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2024/11/10/politics/tom-homan-border-czar-ice-donald-trump/index.html\">according to CNN\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/immigration/trump-says-he-will-install-fomer-ice-chief-tom-homan-as-new-border-czar/2019/06/14/db9a88d4-8ea8-11e9-b08e-cfd89bd36d4e_story.html\">applauded Trump\u003c/a> for “taking the shackles off” ICE by allowing agents to make a broader range of arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Notably, Homan was one of the architects behind its controversial \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2022/09/trump-administration-family-separation-policy-immigration/670604/\">family separation policy\u003c/a>. More than 5,500 children of immigrants were separated from their parents at the U.S.-Mexico border in 2018 under the administration’s short-lived “\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/08/10/1116738450/how-the-family-separation-policy-came-to-be\">Zero Tolerance\u003c/a>” policy. According to the Department of Homeland Security, as of April, there were still 1,401 children \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/2024-05/24_0422_sec_frtf-interim-progress-report-final-508.pdf\">without confirmed reunification\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump signed an executive order stopping family separations in June 2018 after much condemnation from lawmakers and the public, and the Biden administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/01/27/961048895/justice-department-rescinds-trumps-zero-tolerance-immigration-policy\">officially rescinded it\u003c/a> days after President Biden took office in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homan retired in frustration in 2018 when the White House failed to move his nomination toward Senate confirmation, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/immigration/trump-says-he-will-install-fomer-ice-chief-tom-homan-as-new-border-czar/2019/06/14/db9a88d4-8ea8-11e9-b08e-cfd89bd36d4e_story.html\">\u003cem>Washington Post\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. \u003c/em>He became a Fox News contributor, joined the conservative Heritage Foundation as a visiting fellow and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/10/22/us/politics/project-2025-trump-heritage-foundation.html\">contributed to Project 2025\u003c/a>, its controversial blueprint for reshaping the federal government\u003cem>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump had sought to distance himself from Project 2025 during his campaign, even though it \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/05/g-s1-32720/what-is-project-2025-trump-election\">overlaps with his own agenda\u003c/a>. Trump made immigration a major part of his campaign and has vowed to deport millions of immigrants who are in the country without authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Homan has warned undocumented immigrants to ‘start packing’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Homan spoke about how such deportations would work in an interview on Fox \u003cem>Sunday Morning Futures \u003c/em>hours before his appointment was announced, saying it would be a “well-targeted, planned operation, conducted … by the men of ICE.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we go out there we’re gonna know who we’re looking for, we most likely know where they’re going to be and it’s gonna be done in a humane manner,” Homan said, adding that it will focus on the “public safety threats and the national security threats first.”[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_12013409,news_12013693,news_12013535\"]But those groups won’t be the only targets, Homan told \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-mass-deportation-plan-cost-consequences-60-minutes-transcript/\">CBS’ \u003cem>60 Minutes\u003c/em>\u003c/a> last month. He said he would restart workplace enforcement after the Biden administration moved away from the controversial practice of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2021/10/12/politics/ice-workplace-raids/index.html\">mass worksite immigration raids\u003c/a> in favor of pursuing “exploitative employers.” He also said in that interview that “families can be deported together,” suggesting children who are U.S. citizens but with undocumented parents would have to go with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Months earlier, speaking onstage at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/live-updates/trump-2024-rnc-milwaukee#former-acting-ice-director-tells-undocumented-immigrants-to-start-packing\">Republican National Convention\u003c/a>, Homan said Trump would designate Mexican cartels a “terrorist organization” for their role in getting \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/09/30/nx-s1-5124997/fentanyl-overdose-opioid-btmps-drug-cartel-xylazine-tranq-mexico-china\">fentanyl over the border\u003c/a>, warning, “He’s gonna wipe you off the face of the Earth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"ad-header \">\n\u003cp>He also addressed undocumented immigrants at large, whom he said Biden released into the country against federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You better start packing now,” he said, as attendees waving pro-deportation signs cheered. “‘Cause you’re going home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s anti-immigrant rhetoric and policy proposals, while clearly a winning issue with voters, aren’t being met without pushback.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days since Trump’s election, immigrants rights groups have said they stand \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/06/nx-s1-5182279/immigrant-rights-border-trump-election-migration-immigration\">ready to challenge his anti-migrant policies\u003c/a> through protests, local legislation and lawsuits. And analysts from the Brookings Institution, the American Enterprise Institute and the Niskanen Center project that lower — potentially even negative — net migration to the U.S. would hurt the country’s economy, as \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/06/nx-s1-5181327/trump-election-economy-tariffs-deportations\">NPR has reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homan is not the only appointee that Trump has named for his upcoming term. He announced last week that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/07/nx-s1-5183242/trump-chief-of-staff-susie-wiles\">Susie Wiles\u003c/a> will be his chief of staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Trump offered Rep. Elise Stefanik, the New York Republican who chairs the House Republican Conference, to be the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations. The role requires Senate confirmation, which is all but guaranteed in the soon-to-be Republican-controlled chamber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sergio Martínez-Beltrán contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President-elect Trump announced Sunday night that Tom Homan, his former acting head of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), will join his second administration to oversee border control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his role as “border czar” — which does not require Senate confirmation — Homan will be in charge of the southern and northern U.S. borders, as well as “all Maritime and Aviation Security,” Trump said in his \u003ca href=\"https://truthsocial.com/@realDonaldTrump/posts/113462412414821782\">post on Truth Social\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Likewise, Tom Homan will be in charge of all Deportation of Illegal Aliens back to their Country of Origin,” Trump wrote, adding that “there is nobody better at policing and controlling our Borders.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is unclear what role Homan will take, since managing immigration requires coordination between several agencies under the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Homan, a former police officer and Border Patrol agent, has worked under six presidents during his three decades in law enforcement. He was executive associate director of enforcement and removal operations for Immigration and Customs Enforcement under President Obama. During that administration, ICE carried out a record number of deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Honan repeatedly \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/live-updates/trump-2024-rnc-milwaukee#former-acting-ice-director-tells-undocumented-immigrants-to-start-packing\">praised Trump\u003c/a> for being the one who did the most to secure the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunday’s announcement was largely expected, as Trump had said \u003ca href=\"https://ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/news/2024/07/15/rnc-chair-whatley-trump-project-2025\">over the summer\u003c/a> that he would tap Homan to help oversee immigration policies in his potential second term. Speaking at the National Conservatism Conference in July, Homan \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/08/14/nx-s1-5037992/trump-immigrants-border-mass-deportation-presidential-race-migrants\">told undocumented immigrants\u003c/a> to “wait till 2025,” adding, “If you’re here illegally, you better be looking over your shoulder.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Trump comes back in January,” Homan said. “I’ll be on his heels coming back. And I will run the biggest deportation operation this country’s ever seen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Homan was behind Trump’s controversial family separation policy\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Homan was the face of the Trump administration’s crackdown on immigration during his tenure as acting director of ICE from January 2017 to June 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that time, he often appeared at White House press briefings to defend his agents’ arrests of undocumented immigrants and call for stronger enforcement, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2024/11/10/politics/tom-homan-border-czar-ice-donald-trump/index.html\">according to CNN\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/immigration/trump-says-he-will-install-fomer-ice-chief-tom-homan-as-new-border-czar/2019/06/14/db9a88d4-8ea8-11e9-b08e-cfd89bd36d4e_story.html\">applauded Trump\u003c/a> for “taking the shackles off” ICE by allowing agents to make a broader range of arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Notably, Homan was one of the architects behind its controversial \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2022/09/trump-administration-family-separation-policy-immigration/670604/\">family separation policy\u003c/a>. More than 5,500 children of immigrants were separated from their parents at the U.S.-Mexico border in 2018 under the administration’s short-lived “\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/08/10/1116738450/how-the-family-separation-policy-came-to-be\">Zero Tolerance\u003c/a>” policy. According to the Department of Homeland Security, as of April, there were still 1,401 children \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/2024-05/24_0422_sec_frtf-interim-progress-report-final-508.pdf\">without confirmed reunification\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump signed an executive order stopping family separations in June 2018 after much condemnation from lawmakers and the public, and the Biden administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/01/27/961048895/justice-department-rescinds-trumps-zero-tolerance-immigration-policy\">officially rescinded it\u003c/a> days after President Biden took office in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homan retired in frustration in 2018 when the White House failed to move his nomination toward Senate confirmation, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/immigration/trump-says-he-will-install-fomer-ice-chief-tom-homan-as-new-border-czar/2019/06/14/db9a88d4-8ea8-11e9-b08e-cfd89bd36d4e_story.html\">\u003cem>Washington Post\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. \u003c/em>He became a Fox News contributor, joined the conservative Heritage Foundation as a visiting fellow and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/10/22/us/politics/project-2025-trump-heritage-foundation.html\">contributed to Project 2025\u003c/a>, its controversial blueprint for reshaping the federal government\u003cem>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump had sought to distance himself from Project 2025 during his campaign, even though it \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/05/g-s1-32720/what-is-project-2025-trump-election\">overlaps with his own agenda\u003c/a>. Trump made immigration a major part of his campaign and has vowed to deport millions of immigrants who are in the country without authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"edTag\">Homan has warned undocumented immigrants to ‘start packing’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Homan spoke about how such deportations would work in an interview on Fox \u003cem>Sunday Morning Futures \u003c/em>hours before his appointment was announced, saying it would be a “well-targeted, planned operation, conducted … by the men of ICE.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we go out there we’re gonna know who we’re looking for, we most likely know where they’re going to be and it’s gonna be done in a humane manner,” Homan said, adding that it will focus on the “public safety threats and the national security threats first.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But those groups won’t be the only targets, Homan told \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-mass-deportation-plan-cost-consequences-60-minutes-transcript/\">CBS’ \u003cem>60 Minutes\u003c/em>\u003c/a> last month. He said he would restart workplace enforcement after the Biden administration moved away from the controversial practice of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2021/10/12/politics/ice-workplace-raids/index.html\">mass worksite immigration raids\u003c/a> in favor of pursuing “exploitative employers.” He also said in that interview that “families can be deported together,” suggesting children who are U.S. citizens but with undocumented parents would have to go with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Months earlier, speaking onstage at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/live-updates/trump-2024-rnc-milwaukee#former-acting-ice-director-tells-undocumented-immigrants-to-start-packing\">Republican National Convention\u003c/a>, Homan said Trump would designate Mexican cartels a “terrorist organization” for their role in getting \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/09/30/nx-s1-5124997/fentanyl-overdose-opioid-btmps-drug-cartel-xylazine-tranq-mexico-china\">fentanyl over the border\u003c/a>, warning, “He’s gonna wipe you off the face of the Earth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"ad-header \">\n\u003cp>He also addressed undocumented immigrants at large, whom he said Biden released into the country against federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You better start packing now,” he said, as attendees waving pro-deportation signs cheered. “‘Cause you’re going home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s anti-immigrant rhetoric and policy proposals, while clearly a winning issue with voters, aren’t being met without pushback.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days since Trump’s election, immigrants rights groups have said they stand \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/06/nx-s1-5182279/immigrant-rights-border-trump-election-migration-immigration\">ready to challenge his anti-migrant policies\u003c/a> through protests, local legislation and lawsuits. And analysts from the Brookings Institution, the American Enterprise Institute and the Niskanen Center project that lower — potentially even negative — net migration to the U.S. would hurt the country’s economy, as \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/06/nx-s1-5181327/trump-election-economy-tariffs-deportations\">NPR has reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homan is not the only appointee that Trump has named for his upcoming term. He announced last week that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/07/nx-s1-5183242/trump-chief-of-staff-susie-wiles\">Susie Wiles\u003c/a> will be his chief of staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Trump offered Rep. Elise Stefanik, the New York Republican who chairs the House Republican Conference, to be the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations. The role requires Senate confirmation, which is all but guaranteed in the soon-to-be Republican-controlled chamber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sergio Martínez-Beltrán contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In 30 years in America, Alejandro Gamez took any job he could as an undocumented worker — at fast food restaurants, factories and car washes and driving trucks, even when conditions were poor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had no status,” he said. “I had no options.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after speaking up in 2017 about unpaid wages at an Inglewood car wash, his fortunes changed. As part of a state investigation into that employer’s labor practices, Gamez this year became eligible for four years of protection from deportation — and a temporary work permit that seemed to open doors overnight. The 51-year-old Hawthorne resident said he can apply for better, stable jobs that pay more and provide benefits. He now has a union-represented position in a college kitchen and a Social Security number to build his credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It changed my life,” he said in Spanish. “It is giving me many job opportunities, to be better financially and to give a better life to my family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His opportunities are thanks to a recent federal program that grants temporary legal status to workers involved in certain labor investigations. With some of the nation’s strictest workplace laws but \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/california-divide/2023/09/workplace-retaliation-california-labor/\">widespread concerns of employer retaliation\u003c/a>, California has issued more than 200 requests to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, asking it to grant legal status to workers who report violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But just months after Gamez got his reprieve, the program may be on the chopping block: President-elect Donald Trump and his advisors have\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/trump-mass-deportations-immigration-844f3050ba99552b900ed9f3a1dec22d\"> vowed mass deportations\u003c/a>, a return to workplace immigration raids and the repeal of similar temporary protection programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gamez’s attorney, Yvonne Medrano, said she’s expecting the program to be axed soon after Trump takes office Jan. 20. Her firm, the Los Angeles-based Bet Tzedek Legal Services, is no longer pursuing new cases under the program after representing workers seeking protections in 15 different workplace investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Removing this protection will return workers to a time when they fear deportation for asking for minimum wage, their paychecks or any other protections they have,” Medrano said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12013975\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12013975\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM.jpg\" alt=\"A person in jeans and a t-shirt stands while someone with a vest and gun ties something around them.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">US Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents transfer an immigrant after an early morning raid in Duarte on June 6, 2022. \u003ccite>(Damian Dovarganes/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Other immigration attorneys in California had already stopped filing new applications before Election Day. They said they expect Homeland Security to honor the four-year reprieves that the department has already granted, but are uncertain what happens next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a discretionary program,” said Jessie Hahn, senior counsel for labor and employment policy at the National Immigration Law Center, an advocacy group. “We are not anticipating that if Trump were elected he would continue the program.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Trump campaign spokesperson did not respond to a request for comment about his intentions for the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has created another group of immigrants who have been granted temporary permission to be in the United States as the chances of a federal immigration overhaul have grown ever slimmer — making their prospects heavily dependent on the see-saw of each presidential administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program, one of several Biden administration efforts to boost the enforcement of labor laws, aims to give state investigators easier access to witnesses who may otherwise fear reprisal for making workplace complaints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s similar to the Obama-era Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program that \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/higher-education/2024/05/undocumented-students-work/\">gave work permits\u003c/a> and temporary deportation protections to immigrants who had been brought to the U.S. without authorization as children. About 500,000 residents have that form of legal status, but the program has stopped granting new applications after challenges in the federal courts. Trump tried to rescind the program in his last term; Stephen Miller, a close Trump advisor, said he will do so again, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/11/us/politics/trump-2025-immigration-agenda.html\">\u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> has reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2023/01/13/dhs-announces-process-enhancements-supporting-labor-enforcement-investigations\">Deferred Action for Labor Enforcement\u003c/a> is much narrower — 7,700 workers have benefitted since January 2023. Anyone who’s not a U.S. citizen can apply if they can prove they were working for an employer under investigation. First, a state or federal labor agency must submit a letter to Homeland Security saying they need the cooperation of worker witnesses in each investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those granted deferred action are shielded from deportation and allowed to work legally for four years, but there is no path toward permanent residency. Some recipients see it as a way to earn money legally and get better-paying jobs outside the underground economy. Others said it gives them time — and a much quicker path to a work permit — as their other immigration-related cases wind their way through the federal bureaucracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration attorneys and advocates say while some applicants are seeking reprieves from active deportation cases, most have been living and working without papers undetected, meaning they’ve come forward to federal immigration authorities for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not clear how many of those workers are in California. A Homeland Security spokesperson would not release state-by-state figures, citing “ongoing investigations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California is an eager participant in the program; Gov. Gavin Newsom’s administration says it was the first state to file a letter supporting worker protections. The state is home to nearly 1.5 million workers who are undocumented immigrants, making up \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2024/07/22/what-we-know-about-unauthorized-immigrants-living-in-the-us\">more than 7% of the workforce\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such workers are a frequent focus of the state’s labor investigations, and labor advocates say undocumented workers routinely fear both losing their jobs and being reported to immigration authorities for complaining about workplace violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This fear can prevent them from fully cooperating with labor enforcement agencies in reporting and corroborating violations of the law,” Daniel Lopez, spokesperson for the state Labor Commissioner’s Office, said in a statement. “Ultimately, fewer protections undermine workers and impact responsible employers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past two years, the office, which investigates wage theft, has sent letters supporting deportation protections in 136 workplace investigations covering potentially hundreds of workers. The Division of Occupational Safety and Health has sent at least 12 letters. The Agricultural Labor Relations Board, which oversees farmworkers’ rights, has sent 10, and the Civil Rights Department, which investigates workplace discrimination complaints, has sent 60, spokespersons said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state has even paid to help immigrants get work permits. Last year, Newsom announced \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/california-divide/2023/07/farmworker-labor-california/\">$4.5 million to pay\u003c/a> for free legal services to help farmworkers who are involved in labor investigations apply for deferred action. The money, allocated through mid-2026, has so far helped screen more than 500 workers for eligibility and 175 apply for the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are as many as 800,000 seasonal and year-round farmworkers in California; at least half are believed to be undocumented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Agricultural regions have very limited access to immigration legal services,” said Jason Montiel, spokesperson for the Department of Social Services, which administers the grant to five legal aid groups statewide. “Providing farmworkers direct access to immigration legal services when their labor rights are violated increases the likelihood that they will file labor claims and collaborate with labor agencies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s spokespersons did not respond to an inquiry about what will happen with the state grant program if federal rules change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nicole Gorney, a supervising attorney with VIDAS Legal Services, which is receiving a state grant, said that she has 12 farmworker clients waiting to be granted deferred action. She had hoped the state would expand the program to include workers in other industries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are still a lot of workers out there who may qualify but really don’t want to come out of the shadows,” she said the morning after the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12013974\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12013974\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/03_110824-Deferred-Action-ZS-CM-15.jpg\" alt=\"A person sits in a dark room\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/03_110824-Deferred-Action-ZS-CM-15.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/03_110824-Deferred-Action-ZS-CM-15-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/03_110824-Deferred-Action-ZS-CM-15-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/03_110824-Deferred-Action-ZS-CM-15-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/03_110824-Deferred-Action-ZS-CM-15-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/03_110824-Deferred-Action-ZS-CM-15-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alejandro Gamez in his home in Hawthorne on Nov. 8, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez/CalMatters.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gamez’ deferred action was granted in connection with retaliation claims he and his coworkers filed against Century Car Wash in 2018. That year, they had also filed wage theft claims with the state Labor Commissioner’s Office. According to state records, they told the office their managers made them show up earlier and leave later than the businesses’ opening hours, but their time-sheets didn’t match all the hours they worked. The car wash’s co-owners denied the claims, and told the state the time-sheets were accurate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After demanding payment from his managers, Gamez said he was fired, and told to leave in front of customers. According to state records, he and his coworkers won the wage claims in 2021; a state hearing officer ruled Gamez was owed more than $20,000. But the state is still investigating claims the workers were fired and questioned about their immigration status in retaliation for speaking up. Last year at Gamez’ attorney’s request, the Labor Commissioner’s Office sent a letter to Homeland Security to request deportation protection for the workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ongoing investigation … is being conducted by our Retaliation Complaint Investigation unit and requires worker cooperation and testimony,” Labor Commissioner Lilia Garcia-Brower wrote in the letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reached by phone, one of Century Car Wash’s owners deferred to the co-owner, who did not respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gamez said his deferred action status kept him calm last week as many immigrants feared for their futures under a second Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others who received the protection remain afraid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alejandra Montoya came to the United States five years ago fleeing “problems in the family,” she said, and found work in the Central Valley’s fields. She had a degree in business administration in her native Mexico, and said she never intended to be an undocumented immigrant. But she had a son, and stayed to raise him in Bakersfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montoya said she enjoys farm work, despite the hard days on her hands and knees picking and bunching carrots for $3.05 per box. On a good day, when the field conditions are forgiving, she can take home $150 or more, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Working for a contractor hired by Grimmway Farms, she said she kept her head down, until one day last September when a coworker, Rosa Sanchez, was struck by a truck and killed in the field next to hers. Montoya said workers had raised concerns about that driver and she believed the accident was preventable. Some of the workers were \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2023-11-03/she-was-killed-in-a-carrot-field-with-her-body-nearby-workers-say-they-were-told-to-keep-picking\">told to keep working\u003c/a> around Sanchez’ body, she said. Stunned, and now knowing what else to do, she did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was “traumatic,” she said through a translator. “Inhumane.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, the state’s workplace safety agency issued more than $65,000 of citations against Grimmway, the contractor Esparza Enterprises and another contractor that employed the driver, alleging serious safety violations for allowing employees to work “in close proximity to a Commercial Truck being driven in an unsafe manner,” according to files obtained through a public records request. Federal and state records show the driver was backing up \u003ca href=\"https://www.osha.gov/ords/imis/establishment.inspection_detail?id=1699564.015\">when the truck struck Sanchez\u003c/a>.[aside tag=\"immigration\" label=\"More Related Stories.\"]The company and its contractors have contested the citations. Esparza did not respond to a request for comment. In a statement, Grimmway spokesperson Dana Brennan wrote the company has strict policies prohibiting retaliation against employees or contractors’ employees who report issues at work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a confidential, anonymous, bilingual hotline where employees can report ethical concerns,” Brennan wrote. “As we have since we first learned of this tragic accident, we are committed to working with authorities throughout their investigation and extend our deepest sympathies to Ms. Sanchez’s family and her co-workers on this grievous loss.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a potential witness to the accident, Montoya applied for deferred action with the help of the United Farm Workers, and has since become more active with the organization, encouraging coworkers to apply and speaking at a union convention in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after the election, she said she’s both relieved she got her work permit this year and fearful that she’s given her information to federal immigration authorities. In the fields, most of the workers were talking about Trump’s victory, “about what will happen with us now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It protects us from deportation,” she said of the program. “Even so, the fear exists … Whenever he wants, he can take it away.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"headline": "California Empowered Immigrants to Speak Up at Work. Trump Could End Their Protections",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/author/jeanne-kuang/\">Jeanne Kuang\u003c/a>, CalMatters",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In 30 years in America, Alejandro Gamez took any job he could as an undocumented worker — at fast food restaurants, factories and car washes and driving trucks, even when conditions were poor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had no status,” he said. “I had no options.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But after speaking up in 2017 about unpaid wages at an Inglewood car wash, his fortunes changed. As part of a state investigation into that employer’s labor practices, Gamez this year became eligible for four years of protection from deportation — and a temporary work permit that seemed to open doors overnight. The 51-year-old Hawthorne resident said he can apply for better, stable jobs that pay more and provide benefits. He now has a union-represented position in a college kitchen and a Social Security number to build his credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It changed my life,” he said in Spanish. “It is giving me many job opportunities, to be better financially and to give a better life to my family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His opportunities are thanks to a recent federal program that grants temporary legal status to workers involved in certain labor investigations. With some of the nation’s strictest workplace laws but \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/california-divide/2023/09/workplace-retaliation-california-labor/\">widespread concerns of employer retaliation\u003c/a>, California has issued more than 200 requests to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, asking it to grant legal status to workers who report violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But just months after Gamez got his reprieve, the program may be on the chopping block: President-elect Donald Trump and his advisors have\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/trump-mass-deportations-immigration-844f3050ba99552b900ed9f3a1dec22d\"> vowed mass deportations\u003c/a>, a return to workplace immigration raids and the repeal of similar temporary protection programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gamez’s attorney, Yvonne Medrano, said she’s expecting the program to be axed soon after Trump takes office Jan. 20. Her firm, the Los Angeles-based Bet Tzedek Legal Services, is no longer pursuing new cases under the program after representing workers seeking protections in 15 different workplace investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Removing this protection will return workers to a time when they fear deportation for asking for minimum wage, their paychecks or any other protections they have,” Medrano said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12013975\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12013975\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM.jpg\" alt=\"A person in jeans and a t-shirt stands while someone with a vest and gun ties something around them.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">US Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents transfer an immigrant after an early morning raid in Duarte on June 6, 2022. \u003ccite>(Damian Dovarganes/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Other immigration attorneys in California had already stopped filing new applications before Election Day. They said they expect Homeland Security to honor the four-year reprieves that the department has already granted, but are uncertain what happens next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a discretionary program,” said Jessie Hahn, senior counsel for labor and employment policy at the National Immigration Law Center, an advocacy group. “We are not anticipating that if Trump were elected he would continue the program.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Trump campaign spokesperson did not respond to a request for comment about his intentions for the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has created another group of immigrants who have been granted temporary permission to be in the United States as the chances of a federal immigration overhaul have grown ever slimmer — making their prospects heavily dependent on the see-saw of each presidential administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program, one of several Biden administration efforts to boost the enforcement of labor laws, aims to give state investigators easier access to witnesses who may otherwise fear reprisal for making workplace complaints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s similar to the Obama-era Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program that \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/higher-education/2024/05/undocumented-students-work/\">gave work permits\u003c/a> and temporary deportation protections to immigrants who had been brought to the U.S. without authorization as children. About 500,000 residents have that form of legal status, but the program has stopped granting new applications after challenges in the federal courts. Trump tried to rescind the program in his last term; Stephen Miller, a close Trump advisor, said he will do so again, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/11/us/politics/trump-2025-immigration-agenda.html\">\u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> has reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2023/01/13/dhs-announces-process-enhancements-supporting-labor-enforcement-investigations\">Deferred Action for Labor Enforcement\u003c/a> is much narrower — 7,700 workers have benefitted since January 2023. Anyone who’s not a U.S. citizen can apply if they can prove they were working for an employer under investigation. First, a state or federal labor agency must submit a letter to Homeland Security saying they need the cooperation of worker witnesses in each investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those granted deferred action are shielded from deportation and allowed to work legally for four years, but there is no path toward permanent residency. Some recipients see it as a way to earn money legally and get better-paying jobs outside the underground economy. Others said it gives them time — and a much quicker path to a work permit — as their other immigration-related cases wind their way through the federal bureaucracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration attorneys and advocates say while some applicants are seeking reprieves from active deportation cases, most have been living and working without papers undetected, meaning they’ve come forward to federal immigration authorities for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not clear how many of those workers are in California. A Homeland Security spokesperson would not release state-by-state figures, citing “ongoing investigations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California is an eager participant in the program; Gov. Gavin Newsom’s administration says it was the first state to file a letter supporting worker protections. The state is home to nearly 1.5 million workers who are undocumented immigrants, making up \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2024/07/22/what-we-know-about-unauthorized-immigrants-living-in-the-us\">more than 7% of the workforce\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such workers are a frequent focus of the state’s labor investigations, and labor advocates say undocumented workers routinely fear both losing their jobs and being reported to immigration authorities for complaining about workplace violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This fear can prevent them from fully cooperating with labor enforcement agencies in reporting and corroborating violations of the law,” Daniel Lopez, spokesperson for the state Labor Commissioner’s Office, said in a statement. “Ultimately, fewer protections undermine workers and impact responsible employers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past two years, the office, which investigates wage theft, has sent letters supporting deportation protections in 136 workplace investigations covering potentially hundreds of workers. The Division of Occupational Safety and Health has sent at least 12 letters. The Agricultural Labor Relations Board, which oversees farmworkers’ rights, has sent 10, and the Civil Rights Department, which investigates workplace discrimination complaints, has sent 60, spokespersons said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state has even paid to help immigrants get work permits. Last year, Newsom announced \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/california-divide/2023/07/farmworker-labor-california/\">$4.5 million to pay\u003c/a> for free legal services to help farmworkers who are involved in labor investigations apply for deferred action. The money, allocated through mid-2026, has so far helped screen more than 500 workers for eligibility and 175 apply for the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are as many as 800,000 seasonal and year-round farmworkers in California; at least half are believed to be undocumented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Agricultural regions have very limited access to immigration legal services,” said Jason Montiel, spokesperson for the Department of Social Services, which administers the grant to five legal aid groups statewide. “Providing farmworkers direct access to immigration legal services when their labor rights are violated increases the likelihood that they will file labor claims and collaborate with labor agencies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s spokespersons did not respond to an inquiry about what will happen with the state grant program if federal rules change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nicole Gorney, a supervising attorney with VIDAS Legal Services, which is receiving a state grant, said that she has 12 farmworker clients waiting to be granted deferred action. She had hoped the state would expand the program to include workers in other industries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are still a lot of workers out there who may qualify but really don’t want to come out of the shadows,” she said the morning after the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12013974\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12013974\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/03_110824-Deferred-Action-ZS-CM-15.jpg\" alt=\"A person sits in a dark room\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/03_110824-Deferred-Action-ZS-CM-15.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/03_110824-Deferred-Action-ZS-CM-15-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/03_110824-Deferred-Action-ZS-CM-15-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/03_110824-Deferred-Action-ZS-CM-15-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/03_110824-Deferred-Action-ZS-CM-15-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/03_110824-Deferred-Action-ZS-CM-15-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alejandro Gamez in his home in Hawthorne on Nov. 8, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez/CalMatters.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gamez’ deferred action was granted in connection with retaliation claims he and his coworkers filed against Century Car Wash in 2018. That year, they had also filed wage theft claims with the state Labor Commissioner’s Office. According to state records, they told the office their managers made them show up earlier and leave later than the businesses’ opening hours, but their time-sheets didn’t match all the hours they worked. The car wash’s co-owners denied the claims, and told the state the time-sheets were accurate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After demanding payment from his managers, Gamez said he was fired, and told to leave in front of customers. According to state records, he and his coworkers won the wage claims in 2021; a state hearing officer ruled Gamez was owed more than $20,000. But the state is still investigating claims the workers were fired and questioned about their immigration status in retaliation for speaking up. Last year at Gamez’ attorney’s request, the Labor Commissioner’s Office sent a letter to Homeland Security to request deportation protection for the workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ongoing investigation … is being conducted by our Retaliation Complaint Investigation unit and requires worker cooperation and testimony,” Labor Commissioner Lilia Garcia-Brower wrote in the letter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reached by phone, one of Century Car Wash’s owners deferred to the co-owner, who did not respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gamez said his deferred action status kept him calm last week as many immigrants feared for their futures under a second Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others who received the protection remain afraid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alejandra Montoya came to the United States five years ago fleeing “problems in the family,” she said, and found work in the Central Valley’s fields. She had a degree in business administration in her native Mexico, and said she never intended to be an undocumented immigrant. But she had a son, and stayed to raise him in Bakersfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montoya said she enjoys farm work, despite the hard days on her hands and knees picking and bunching carrots for $3.05 per box. On a good day, when the field conditions are forgiving, she can take home $150 or more, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Working for a contractor hired by Grimmway Farms, she said she kept her head down, until one day last September when a coworker, Rosa Sanchez, was struck by a truck and killed in the field next to hers. Montoya said workers had raised concerns about that driver and she believed the accident was preventable. Some of the workers were \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2023-11-03/she-was-killed-in-a-carrot-field-with-her-body-nearby-workers-say-they-were-told-to-keep-picking\">told to keep working\u003c/a> around Sanchez’ body, she said. Stunned, and now knowing what else to do, she did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was “traumatic,” she said through a translator. “Inhumane.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, the state’s workplace safety agency issued more than $65,000 of citations against Grimmway, the contractor Esparza Enterprises and another contractor that employed the driver, alleging serious safety violations for allowing employees to work “in close proximity to a Commercial Truck being driven in an unsafe manner,” according to files obtained through a public records request. Federal and state records show the driver was backing up \u003ca href=\"https://www.osha.gov/ords/imis/establishment.inspection_detail?id=1699564.015\">when the truck struck Sanchez\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The company and its contractors have contested the citations. Esparza did not respond to a request for comment. In a statement, Grimmway spokesperson Dana Brennan wrote the company has strict policies prohibiting retaliation against employees or contractors’ employees who report issues at work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a confidential, anonymous, bilingual hotline where employees can report ethical concerns,” Brennan wrote. “As we have since we first learned of this tragic accident, we are committed to working with authorities throughout their investigation and extend our deepest sympathies to Ms. Sanchez’s family and her co-workers on this grievous loss.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a potential witness to the accident, Montoya applied for deferred action with the help of the United Farm Workers, and has since become more active with the organization, encouraging coworkers to apply and speaking at a union convention in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after the election, she said she’s both relieved she got her work permit this year and fearful that she’s given her information to federal immigration authorities. In the fields, most of the workers were talking about Trump’s victory, “about what will happen with us now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It protects us from deportation,” she said of the program. “Even so, the fear exists … Whenever he wants, he can take it away.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A federal judge on Thursday struck down a Biden administration policy that aimed to ease a path to citizenship for some immigrants lacking permanent legal status who are married to U.S. citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program, lauded as one of the biggest presidential actions to help immigrant families in years, allowed \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-biden-spouses-citizenship-registration-da37d9cbdb45a4baca837f6dc2a09aba\">undocumented spouses and stepchildren\u003c/a> of U.S. citizens to apply for a green card without first having to leave the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The temporary relief from deportation brought a \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-texas-biden-spouses-9b282ce79793004d43e393f75081f331\">brief sense of security\u003c/a> to some 500,000 immigrants estimated to benefit from the program before Texas-based U.S. District Judge J. Campbell Barker \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-spouses-biden-program-hault-80df0dafd913a22fd7a9074d31eeab65\">put it on hold\u003c/a> in August, days after applicants filed their paperwork.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barker ruled Thursday that the Biden administration had overstepped its authority by implementing the program and had stretched the legal interpretation of relevant immigration law “past its breaking point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The short-lived Biden administration initiative known as “Keeping Families Together” would have been unlikely to remain in place after \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/hub/donald-trump\">Donald Trump\u003c/a> took office in January. But its early termination creates greater uncertainty for immigrant families as many are bracing for Trump’s return to the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s election victory this week sets the stage for a swift crackdown on individuals lacking permanent legal status after the Republican ran on promises of \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/trump-immigration-border-asylum-mass-deportation-a681c4980ef25e2b3a7ae670c9094f4a\">“mass deportation.”\u003c/a> The president-elect energized his supporters on the campaign trail with a litany of anti-immigrant statements, including that immigrants were “poisoning the blood” of the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his first term, Trump appointed Barker as a judge in Tyler, Texas, which lies in the 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, a favored venue for advocates pushing conservative arguments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barker had placed the immigration initiative on hold after Texas and 15 other states, led by their Republican attorneys general, filed a \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-citizen-spouse-biden-d02243b21b8490c912008b896a83bcd2\">legal challenge\u003c/a> accusing the executive branch of bypassing Congress to help immigrant families for “blatant political purposes.”[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11928042,news_11923873,news_11918450\"]Republicans argued the initiative created costs for their states and could draw more migrants to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy would have applied to people who have been living continuously in the U.S. for at least 10 years, do not pose a security threat and have utilized the existing legal authority known as “parole in place” that offers deportation protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those married to a citizen by June 17, the day before the program was announced, could pay a $580 application fee and fill out a lengthy application explaining why they deserve humanitarian parole. If approved, applicants would have three years to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/president-joe-biden-immigration-border-immigrants-11486c86ba620a04ae9dc66a3d44f346\">seek permanent residency\u003c/a> and obtain work authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was not immediately clear Thursday whether anyone had received approval under the program, which only accepted applications for about a week before the judge placed it on hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noncitizen spouses are already eligible for legal status but often have to apply from their home countries. The process typically includes a yearslong wait outside of the U.S., which can separate family members with different immigration statuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The 'Keeping Families Together' initiative allowed undocumented spouses and stepchildren of U.S. citizens to apply for a green card without first having to leave the country. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A federal judge on Thursday struck down a Biden administration policy that aimed to ease a path to citizenship for some immigrants lacking permanent legal status who are married to U.S. citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program, lauded as one of the biggest presidential actions to help immigrant families in years, allowed \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-biden-spouses-citizenship-registration-da37d9cbdb45a4baca837f6dc2a09aba\">undocumented spouses and stepchildren\u003c/a> of U.S. citizens to apply for a green card without first having to leave the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The temporary relief from deportation brought a \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-texas-biden-spouses-9b282ce79793004d43e393f75081f331\">brief sense of security\u003c/a> to some 500,000 immigrants estimated to benefit from the program before Texas-based U.S. District Judge J. Campbell Barker \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-spouses-biden-program-hault-80df0dafd913a22fd7a9074d31eeab65\">put it on hold\u003c/a> in August, days after applicants filed their paperwork.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barker ruled Thursday that the Biden administration had overstepped its authority by implementing the program and had stretched the legal interpretation of relevant immigration law “past its breaking point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The short-lived Biden administration initiative known as “Keeping Families Together” would have been unlikely to remain in place after \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/hub/donald-trump\">Donald Trump\u003c/a> took office in January. But its early termination creates greater uncertainty for immigrant families as many are bracing for Trump’s return to the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s election victory this week sets the stage for a swift crackdown on individuals lacking permanent legal status after the Republican ran on promises of \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/trump-immigration-border-asylum-mass-deportation-a681c4980ef25e2b3a7ae670c9094f4a\">“mass deportation.”\u003c/a> The president-elect energized his supporters on the campaign trail with a litany of anti-immigrant statements, including that immigrants were “poisoning the blood” of the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his first term, Trump appointed Barker as a judge in Tyler, Texas, which lies in the 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, a favored venue for advocates pushing conservative arguments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barker had placed the immigration initiative on hold after Texas and 15 other states, led by their Republican attorneys general, filed a \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-citizen-spouse-biden-d02243b21b8490c912008b896a83bcd2\">legal challenge\u003c/a> accusing the executive branch of bypassing Congress to help immigrant families for “blatant political purposes.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Republicans argued the initiative created costs for their states and could draw more migrants to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy would have applied to people who have been living continuously in the U.S. for at least 10 years, do not pose a security threat and have utilized the existing legal authority known as “parole in place” that offers deportation protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those married to a citizen by June 17, the day before the program was announced, could pay a $580 application fee and fill out a lengthy application explaining why they deserve humanitarian parole. If approved, applicants would have three years to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/president-joe-biden-immigration-border-immigrants-11486c86ba620a04ae9dc66a3d44f346\">seek permanent residency\u003c/a> and obtain work authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was not immediately clear Thursday whether anyone had received approval under the program, which only accepted applications for about a week before the judge placed it on hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noncitizen spouses are already eligible for legal status but often have to apply from their home countries. The process typically includes a yearslong wait outside of the U.S., which can separate family members with different immigration statuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was updated at 5 p.m. on Nov. 13.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The results of Tuesday’s presidential election \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013186/san-franciscans-react-trumps-win\">have left a deep impact in the Bay Area\u003c/a>. And now, former president Donald Trump’s victory over Vice President Kamala Harris opens the door to massive changes in \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/01/nx-s1-5164531/deportations-local-police-sheriff-trump-border-immigrants\">immigration\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013256/how-health-care-could-change-under-the-new-trump-administration\">health care\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/06/nx-s1-5181327/trump-election-economy-tariffs-deportations\">national security and economic policy\u003c/a> as Trump has vowed to take the country in a radically different direction from the last four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013395/newsom-calls-special-session-prepare-california-legal-fight-against-trump\">California’s leaders have vowed to push back against the incoming administration in court\u003c/a>, but many residents nonetheless remain anxious that the sweeping changes Trump has promised could directly affect them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"#find-legal-aid-bay-area\">\u003cstrong>Where can I find free legal aid in the Bay Area?\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“Many folks are feeling vulnerable and insecure about how they might fit into this country at this moment,” said Cynthia Chagolla, chief program officer at Law Foundation of Silicon Valley, which provides free legal services to low- and moderate-income families in Santa Clara County. She said her team is preparing for what they expect is a higher demand for their services during the new administration, as folks respond to changes in the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Irrespective of the outcome of the presidential election, individuals are still going to be entitled to \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/tpt/constitution-usa-peter-sagal/equality/due-process-equal-protection-and-disenfranchisement/\">due process\u003c/a>,” Chagolla said. “We want to make sure that folks know, should they receive any kind of adverse court papers … who to contact locally if they need help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Law Foundation of Silicon Valley is one of the several organizations in the Bay Area that offer free legal aid: legal advice and representation, provided at no cost, to people who cannot afford to hire a private attorney. And there are dozens of different situations when someone may need legal assistance, not just in a criminal proceeding. For example, if you received an eviction notice from their landlord and need to know what your rights are; if you are applying for a change in your immigration status; or even if you qualify for certain public benefits but aren’t receiving what you’re entitled to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading to find out more about what legal aid services are available in the Bay Area, who qualifies for free legal aid and how to best prepare for a meeting with a legal aid office.[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How is legal aid different from using a private law firm?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A legal aid organization is not the same thing as a private law firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While private law firms charge clients fees in exchange for legal counsel and representation, a legal aid organization provides legal representation at no charge — but only for individuals and families who meet the eligibility requirements, which are usually based on income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are licensed attorneys with years of experience but we do not charge a dime for our services,” said Carolina Martín Ramos, executive director of La Raza Centro Legal, a legal aid and advocacy organization that has worked for decades in San Francisco’s Mission District. Martín Ramos adds that, from what she has seen, private attorneys can charge a few hundred dollars an hour. But if someone qualifies to receive services from La Raza Centro Legal, they wouldn’t have to worry about paying any attorney fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where folks might have to pay something, it would be a government fee,” Martín Ramos said, “So, for instance, in the context of immigration law, if you’re applying for your legal permanent residency or citizenship, the federal government will have a filing fee that has to be paid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What can a legal aid group help me with?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The legal world is vast and complex, which is why many attorneys focus on a specific type of law. Legal aid organizations also specialize in specific areas, and one group may not be able to support your needs if it falls out of their scope — so check their website or give them a call first to make sure they are able to respond to your particular situation. Below are examples of different services offered by legal aid groups that KQED spoke with in the Bay Area:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Housing\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is legal assistance for tenants facing eviction proceedings. Some groups, like the Law Foundation of Silicon Valley, also focus on supporting clients if they are experiencing poor housing conditions, like infestations or electrical issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The services that we provide in the housing team vary from just offering advice and counsel or general information,” Chagolla said, “and then can extend up all the way through our full scope of representation, where we’re ultimately walking with tenants in court and representing tenants in court as their attorneys.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Immigration\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martín Ramos of La Raza Centro Legal said the immigration services her organization offers can be placed into two categories: affirmative legal aid and defensive legal aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The affirmative immigration program,” she explained, “offers services that are outside of the immigration court, outside the adversarial context, where people can apply for legal permanent residency or they can apply for citizenship and other types of immigration benefits, like a U or T visa.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12013614\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12013614\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-84047778-1-edited.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-84047778-1-edited.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-84047778-1-edited-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-84047778-1-edited-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-84047778-1-edited-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-84047778-1-edited-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-84047778-1-edited-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Immigration attorneys give free consultations to immigrants during a Know Your Rights event in Los Angeles, Calif. \u003ccite>(David McNew/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Defensive immigration, on the other hand, deals with deportation proceedings. If deportations are scaled up during the next administration, Martín Ramos said that there is a network of legal aid groups already in place ready to respond to the needs of the region’s undocumented community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those rapid response networks have not gone away, and will pick up and do what we did before, if we have to,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Consumer rights\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The East Bay Community Law Center (EBCLC), based in Berkeley, is one of the few legal aid groups in California that provides consumer protection services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramon Becerra Alcantar, EBCLC’s director of operations, said their consumer justice program provides “hands-on assistance and representation” on a variety of consumer issues, “including debt collection defense, student loans, car fraud, predatory lending and consumer scams.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Youth services\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the Law Foundation of Silicon Valley and EBCLC have teams that focus on serving kids and teenagers. “Issues range from some limited immigration matters, some school discipline or special education matters,” said the Law Foundation of Silicon Valley’s Chagolla. “We also represent children who are in dependency proceedings in the county.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The vast majority of those cases come to us by either direct referral from external partners, stakeholders or come to us through the court,” Chagolla said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Workers’ rights\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This type of legal aid usually covers issues of wage theft, retaliation, and workplace discrimination. In many instances, you can also reach out with questions if there is something happening at work that you aren’t sure if it goes against the law but want to talk to an expert about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED also has a series of guides that cover many of the rights and protections California workers have available now, regardless of immigration status, which include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11992472/these-california-cities-just-raised-the-minimum-wage-make-sure-youre-getting-paid-the-right-amount\">What to do if your employer is paying you less than the minimum wage.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>During a heat wave, what protections are available for you if \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11999014/working-inside-during-a-heat-wave-what-to-know-about-californias-new-protections\">you work indoors\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886628/feeling-the-heat-how-workers-can-advocate-for-safer-working-conditions-under-the-sun\">outdoors\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>If you are a farmworker, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11958506/guide-unsafe-working-conditions-employer-retaliation-and-worker-protections\">what do you do if your employer fires you or cuts your hours after you speak out against unsafe working conditions\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Health and public benefits\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This area involves making sure patients receive the treatment they need, which could involve negotiating with health care providers or insurance companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chagolla said that the Law Foundation of Silicon Valley also represents individuals who are on federal or state public benefits, but who are “not getting the full amount or they have an overpayment notice from the state or federal agency saying they owe money”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12013603\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12013603\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-1403824678-edited.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-1403824678-edited.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-1403824678-edited-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-1403824678-edited-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-1403824678-edited-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-1403824678-edited-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A woman looking at documents. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>How can I best prepare for a meeting with a legal aid office?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even just thinking about courts and lawyers can be pretty overwhelming, especially if you are already in a high-pressure situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are things you can do to help you feel more prepared — and, crucially, to make the most of the time you have talking to a legal aid organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First off, try to have all the documents related to your situation in one place so you can easily share them when talking to an attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This may include court documents, letters, eviction notices, applications, case numbers,” said Becerra Alcantar of EBCLC. “Stuff like that will allow our team to better help them, especially if it’s an emergency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if you don’t have all your documents on hand, that’s OK, Chagolla said. “For example, if your landlord served you a notice to pay rent or quit, but you no longer have a copy of the document,” she said. “You can still call us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want anyone walking away thinking if they don’t have paperwork that they can’t call us,” Chagolla said.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" tag=\"kqed-guides\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Something else to think about: a timeline of key events relating to your situation. For example, if you are seeking immigration help, knowing the dates of when you came into the U.S., and if there were any changes to your immigration status since then and when, can make things a lot easier, Martín Ramos said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One more logistical tip: make sure you have access to an email account so that an attorney can quickly share important updates about your situation. If you don’t have an email account, or you only have access to a shared email, you can \u003ca href=\"https://support.google.com/mail/answer/56256?hl=en\">make a new one for free using tools like Gmail.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once you’re able to talk to an attorney, Martín Ramos strongly recommends that you are 100% honest with your attorney, to give them the full picture without holding anything back. “You are protected by attorney-client privilege,” she said. “An attorney could lose their license if they don’t respect your privacy or confidentiality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, she stressed, let your attorney know when you \u003cem>don’t\u003c/em> understand something they’ve said, or about any aspect of the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can ask the attorney or legal staff to slow down, to repeat things, to tell them you don’t understand and to explain things better,” Martín Ramos said. “Even with your own attorney, you have to be your own advocate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"find-legal-aid-bay-area\">\u003c/a>Where to find free legal aid in the Bay Area\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The organizations KQED spoke to for this story confirmed that the best way to get in contact with them is over the phone, but some also offer walk-in services. When talking to representatives from these organizations, make sure to check in about the income eligibility requirements for the services you are looking for, as each organization has different guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.lrcl.org/\">\u003cem>La Raza Centro Legal (San Francisco):\u003c/em>\u003c/a> Besides immigration legal aid, La Raza Centro Legal also has teams that serve the specific needs of youth and elders. You can make an appointment by calling 415-575-3500 or emailing pilar@lrcl.org.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.centrolegal.org/\">\u003cem>Centro Legal de la Raza (Oakland):\u003c/em>\u003c/a> You can call 510-437-1554 or email the team at \u003ca href=\"mailto:info@centrolegal.org\">info@centrolegal.org\u003c/a>. The center also offers several remote legal clinics covering workers’, immigrants’ and tenants’ rights each month. To register, call ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.asianlawcaucus.org/get-help\">\u003cem>Asian Law Caucus (ALC)\u003c/em>\u003c/a>: The ALC offers legal aid services on immigration, tenant and workers’ rights issues, with interpretation services available in over 200 languages, including Arabic, Cantonese, Farsi, Korean, Mandarin, Tagalog, Spanish, Urdu, and Vietnamese. You can \u003ca href=\"https://www.asianlawcaucus.org/get-help\">complete a form on their website to request help\u003c/a> or call the ALC offices directly at 415-896-1701.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.lawfoundation.org/contactus\">\u003cem>Law Foundation of Silicon Valley:\u003c/em>\u003c/a> The foundation’s housing team offers walk-in hours on Thursdays from 1 p.m. till appointments are booked and the health team’s walk-in hours are on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 1 p,m. to 3 p.m. You can also call the organization’s general phone line to figure out which service works best for your needs at 408-293-4790.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ebclc.org/get-help/\">\u003cem>East Bay Community Law Center (EBCLC):\u003c/em>\u003c/a> Besides the services listed in this guide, EBCLC offers services to small business owners, people living with HIV seeking treatment, unhoused individuals, people with a criminal record reentering society and much more. Walk-in hours for the different legal teams \u003ca href=\"https://ebclc.org/get-help/\">are available on EBCLC’s website\u003c/a> and you can also call their offices directly at 510-548-4040.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://baylegal.org/what-we-do/areas-of-practice/\">\u003cem>Bay Area Legal Aid (BALA):\u003c/em>\u003c/a> BALA has offices in seven of the Bay Area’s nine counties, each with their own contact information, but you can also use the organization’s general legal advice line at 800-551-5554.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://lsc-sf.org/how-we-can-help/\">\u003cem>Legal Services for Children (LSC):\u003c/em>\u003c/a> LSC is a San Francisco-based nonprofit that provides free legal aid for youth in both San Francisco and Alameda County. LSC represents kids who are dealing with difficult situations at home with their biological or foster family, dealing with discipline issues at school and immigration cases as well, including asylum, special immigrant juvenile status and young adults with Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA). You can reach LSC staff on Mondays and Thursdays from 1:30 p.m. to 4:30 p.m. by calling (415) 780-6366 for English and (415) 780-6367 for Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was updated at 5 p.m. on Nov. 13.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The results of Tuesday’s presidential election \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013186/san-franciscans-react-trumps-win\">have left a deep impact in the Bay Area\u003c/a>. And now, former president Donald Trump’s victory over Vice President Kamala Harris opens the door to massive changes in \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/01/nx-s1-5164531/deportations-local-police-sheriff-trump-border-immigrants\">immigration\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013256/how-health-care-could-change-under-the-new-trump-administration\">health care\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/11/06/nx-s1-5181327/trump-election-economy-tariffs-deportations\">national security and economic policy\u003c/a> as Trump has vowed to take the country in a radically different direction from the last four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013395/newsom-calls-special-session-prepare-california-legal-fight-against-trump\">California’s leaders have vowed to push back against the incoming administration in court\u003c/a>, but many residents nonetheless remain anxious that the sweeping changes Trump has promised could directly affect them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"#find-legal-aid-bay-area\">\u003cstrong>Where can I find free legal aid in the Bay Area?\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“Many folks are feeling vulnerable and insecure about how they might fit into this country at this moment,” said Cynthia Chagolla, chief program officer at Law Foundation of Silicon Valley, which provides free legal services to low- and moderate-income families in Santa Clara County. She said her team is preparing for what they expect is a higher demand for their services during the new administration, as folks respond to changes in the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Irrespective of the outcome of the presidential election, individuals are still going to be entitled to \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/tpt/constitution-usa-peter-sagal/equality/due-process-equal-protection-and-disenfranchisement/\">due process\u003c/a>,” Chagolla said. “We want to make sure that folks know, should they receive any kind of adverse court papers … who to contact locally if they need help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Law Foundation of Silicon Valley is one of the several organizations in the Bay Area that offer free legal aid: legal advice and representation, provided at no cost, to people who cannot afford to hire a private attorney. And there are dozens of different situations when someone may need legal assistance, not just in a criminal proceeding. For example, if you received an eviction notice from their landlord and need to know what your rights are; if you are applying for a change in your immigration status; or even if you qualify for certain public benefits but aren’t receiving what you’re entitled to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading to find out more about what legal aid services are available in the Bay Area, who qualifies for free legal aid and how to best prepare for a meeting with a legal aid office.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How is legal aid different from using a private law firm?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A legal aid organization is not the same thing as a private law firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While private law firms charge clients fees in exchange for legal counsel and representation, a legal aid organization provides legal representation at no charge — but only for individuals and families who meet the eligibility requirements, which are usually based on income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are licensed attorneys with years of experience but we do not charge a dime for our services,” said Carolina Martín Ramos, executive director of La Raza Centro Legal, a legal aid and advocacy organization that has worked for decades in San Francisco’s Mission District. Martín Ramos adds that, from what she has seen, private attorneys can charge a few hundred dollars an hour. But if someone qualifies to receive services from La Raza Centro Legal, they wouldn’t have to worry about paying any attorney fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where folks might have to pay something, it would be a government fee,” Martín Ramos said, “So, for instance, in the context of immigration law, if you’re applying for your legal permanent residency or citizenship, the federal government will have a filing fee that has to be paid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What can a legal aid group help me with?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The legal world is vast and complex, which is why many attorneys focus on a specific type of law. Legal aid organizations also specialize in specific areas, and one group may not be able to support your needs if it falls out of their scope — so check their website or give them a call first to make sure they are able to respond to your particular situation. Below are examples of different services offered by legal aid groups that KQED spoke with in the Bay Area:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Housing\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is legal assistance for tenants facing eviction proceedings. Some groups, like the Law Foundation of Silicon Valley, also focus on supporting clients if they are experiencing poor housing conditions, like infestations or electrical issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The services that we provide in the housing team vary from just offering advice and counsel or general information,” Chagolla said, “and then can extend up all the way through our full scope of representation, where we’re ultimately walking with tenants in court and representing tenants in court as their attorneys.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Immigration\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martín Ramos of La Raza Centro Legal said the immigration services her organization offers can be placed into two categories: affirmative legal aid and defensive legal aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The affirmative immigration program,” she explained, “offers services that are outside of the immigration court, outside the adversarial context, where people can apply for legal permanent residency or they can apply for citizenship and other types of immigration benefits, like a U or T visa.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12013614\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12013614\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-84047778-1-edited.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-84047778-1-edited.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-84047778-1-edited-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-84047778-1-edited-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-84047778-1-edited-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-84047778-1-edited-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-84047778-1-edited-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Immigration attorneys give free consultations to immigrants during a Know Your Rights event in Los Angeles, Calif. \u003ccite>(David McNew/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Defensive immigration, on the other hand, deals with deportation proceedings. If deportations are scaled up during the next administration, Martín Ramos said that there is a network of legal aid groups already in place ready to respond to the needs of the region’s undocumented community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those rapid response networks have not gone away, and will pick up and do what we did before, if we have to,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Consumer rights\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The East Bay Community Law Center (EBCLC), based in Berkeley, is one of the few legal aid groups in California that provides consumer protection services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramon Becerra Alcantar, EBCLC’s director of operations, said their consumer justice program provides “hands-on assistance and representation” on a variety of consumer issues, “including debt collection defense, student loans, car fraud, predatory lending and consumer scams.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Youth services\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the Law Foundation of Silicon Valley and EBCLC have teams that focus on serving kids and teenagers. “Issues range from some limited immigration matters, some school discipline or special education matters,” said the Law Foundation of Silicon Valley’s Chagolla. “We also represent children who are in dependency proceedings in the county.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The vast majority of those cases come to us by either direct referral from external partners, stakeholders or come to us through the court,” Chagolla said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Workers’ rights\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This type of legal aid usually covers issues of wage theft, retaliation, and workplace discrimination. In many instances, you can also reach out with questions if there is something happening at work that you aren’t sure if it goes against the law but want to talk to an expert about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED also has a series of guides that cover many of the rights and protections California workers have available now, regardless of immigration status, which include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11992472/these-california-cities-just-raised-the-minimum-wage-make-sure-youre-getting-paid-the-right-amount\">What to do if your employer is paying you less than the minimum wage.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>During a heat wave, what protections are available for you if \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11999014/working-inside-during-a-heat-wave-what-to-know-about-californias-new-protections\">you work indoors\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11886628/feeling-the-heat-how-workers-can-advocate-for-safer-working-conditions-under-the-sun\">outdoors\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>If you are a farmworker, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11958506/guide-unsafe-working-conditions-employer-retaliation-and-worker-protections\">what do you do if your employer fires you or cuts your hours after you speak out against unsafe working conditions\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Health and public benefits\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This area involves making sure patients receive the treatment they need, which could involve negotiating with health care providers or insurance companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chagolla said that the Law Foundation of Silicon Valley also represents individuals who are on federal or state public benefits, but who are “not getting the full amount or they have an overpayment notice from the state or federal agency saying they owe money”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12013603\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12013603\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-1403824678-edited.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-1403824678-edited.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-1403824678-edited-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-1403824678-edited-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-1403824678-edited-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/GettyImages-1403824678-edited-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A woman looking at documents. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>How can I best prepare for a meeting with a legal aid office?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Even just thinking about courts and lawyers can be pretty overwhelming, especially if you are already in a high-pressure situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are things you can do to help you feel more prepared — and, crucially, to make the most of the time you have talking to a legal aid organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First off, try to have all the documents related to your situation in one place so you can easily share them when talking to an attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This may include court documents, letters, eviction notices, applications, case numbers,” said Becerra Alcantar of EBCLC. “Stuff like that will allow our team to better help them, especially if it’s an emergency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if you don’t have all your documents on hand, that’s OK, Chagolla said. “For example, if your landlord served you a notice to pay rent or quit, but you no longer have a copy of the document,” she said. “You can still call us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want anyone walking away thinking if they don’t have paperwork that they can’t call us,” Chagolla said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Something else to think about: a timeline of key events relating to your situation. For example, if you are seeking immigration help, knowing the dates of when you came into the U.S., and if there were any changes to your immigration status since then and when, can make things a lot easier, Martín Ramos said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One more logistical tip: make sure you have access to an email account so that an attorney can quickly share important updates about your situation. If you don’t have an email account, or you only have access to a shared email, you can \u003ca href=\"https://support.google.com/mail/answer/56256?hl=en\">make a new one for free using tools like Gmail.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once you’re able to talk to an attorney, Martín Ramos strongly recommends that you are 100% honest with your attorney, to give them the full picture without holding anything back. “You are protected by attorney-client privilege,” she said. “An attorney could lose their license if they don’t respect your privacy or confidentiality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, she stressed, let your attorney know when you \u003cem>don’t\u003c/em> understand something they’ve said, or about any aspect of the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can ask the attorney or legal staff to slow down, to repeat things, to tell them you don’t understand and to explain things better,” Martín Ramos said. “Even with your own attorney, you have to be your own advocate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"find-legal-aid-bay-area\">\u003c/a>Where to find free legal aid in the Bay Area\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The organizations KQED spoke to for this story confirmed that the best way to get in contact with them is over the phone, but some also offer walk-in services. When talking to representatives from these organizations, make sure to check in about the income eligibility requirements for the services you are looking for, as each organization has different guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.lrcl.org/\">\u003cem>La Raza Centro Legal (San Francisco):\u003c/em>\u003c/a> Besides immigration legal aid, La Raza Centro Legal also has teams that serve the specific needs of youth and elders. You can make an appointment by calling 415-575-3500 or emailing pilar@lrcl.org.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.centrolegal.org/\">\u003cem>Centro Legal de la Raza (Oakland):\u003c/em>\u003c/a> You can call 510-437-1554 or email the team at \u003ca href=\"mailto:info@centrolegal.org\">info@centrolegal.org\u003c/a>. The center also offers several remote legal clinics covering workers’, immigrants’ and tenants’ rights each month. To register, call ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.asianlawcaucus.org/get-help\">\u003cem>Asian Law Caucus (ALC)\u003c/em>\u003c/a>: The ALC offers legal aid services on immigration, tenant and workers’ rights issues, with interpretation services available in over 200 languages, including Arabic, Cantonese, Farsi, Korean, Mandarin, Tagalog, Spanish, Urdu, and Vietnamese. You can \u003ca href=\"https://www.asianlawcaucus.org/get-help\">complete a form on their website to request help\u003c/a> or call the ALC offices directly at 415-896-1701.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.lawfoundation.org/contactus\">\u003cem>Law Foundation of Silicon Valley:\u003c/em>\u003c/a> The foundation’s housing team offers walk-in hours on Thursdays from 1 p.m. till appointments are booked and the health team’s walk-in hours are on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 1 p,m. to 3 p.m. You can also call the organization’s general phone line to figure out which service works best for your needs at 408-293-4790.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ebclc.org/get-help/\">\u003cem>East Bay Community Law Center (EBCLC):\u003c/em>\u003c/a> Besides the services listed in this guide, EBCLC offers services to small business owners, people living with HIV seeking treatment, unhoused individuals, people with a criminal record reentering society and much more. Walk-in hours for the different legal teams \u003ca href=\"https://ebclc.org/get-help/\">are available on EBCLC’s website\u003c/a> and you can also call their offices directly at 510-548-4040.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://baylegal.org/what-we-do/areas-of-practice/\">\u003cem>Bay Area Legal Aid (BALA):\u003c/em>\u003c/a> BALA has offices in seven of the Bay Area’s nine counties, each with their own contact information, but you can also use the organization’s general legal advice line at 800-551-5554.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://lsc-sf.org/how-we-can-help/\">\u003cem>Legal Services for Children (LSC):\u003c/em>\u003c/a> LSC is a San Francisco-based nonprofit that provides free legal aid for youth in both San Francisco and Alameda County. LSC represents kids who are dealing with difficult situations at home with their biological or foster family, dealing with discipline issues at school and immigration cases as well, including asylum, special immigrant juvenile status and young adults with Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA). You can reach LSC staff on Mondays and Thursdays from 1:30 p.m. to 4:30 p.m. by calling (415) 780-6366 for English and (415) 780-6367 for Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "immigrant-advocates-anticipate-fight-against-trump-border-policies",
"title": "Immigrant Advocates Gear Up To Fight Trump on Border Policies",
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"headTitle": "Immigrant Advocates Gear Up To Fight Trump on Border Policies | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>California immigrant advocates and state officials are bracing for what they describe as the likely massive impact of a second Trump presidency on border policies — vowing to fight his plans in court even as they remain uncertain which will make it from the campaign trail to reality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has pledged to conduct the largest \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/us/how-trump-would-crack-down-immigration-second-term-2023-11-14/\">mass deportation campaign\u003c/a> in U.S. history on Jan. 20 when he takes office; \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-says-he-will-put-tariff-mexico-stop-flow-fentanyl-into-us-2024-11-05/\">threatened to impose\u003c/a> tariffs on Mexico if it doesn’t stop the northbound flow of migrants and fentanyl; and described \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/trump-military-border-civil-unrest-domestic-use-a136c69cc85184b07f161c4c09b46c50\">plans to use the military\u003c/a> as part of his crackdown, contemplating deploying the National Guard to aid in deportations if necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to have to seal up those borders, and we’re going to have to let people come into our country,” the president-elect said during his acceptance remarks on Tuesday. “We want people to come back in, but we have to, we have to let them come back in, but they have to come in legally.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee Gelernt, an attorney with the American Civil Liberties Union who argued challenges to immigration restrictions during Trump’s first term, said, “Many of the policies Trump is advocating and promising, like use of the military, are illegal, and we are prepared to challenge them.” \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/news/immigrants-rights/trump-on-immigration-tearing-apart-immigrant-families-communities-and-the-fabric-of-our-nation\">An ACLU “roadmap”\u003c/a> on Trump’s reelection described plans to push legislators to block deportations and make cuts to Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s detention operations. It also envisioned “a civil rights firewall” to protect immigrants and litigation against deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other organizations have promised to join the fight.[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe Trump when he promises to enact disastrous policies that aim to tear families apart, destabilize communities, and weaken our economy,” said Lindsay Toczylowski, CEO and president of Los Angeles-based Immigrant Defenders Law Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But the U.S. Constitution didn’t disappear overnight. We will use all the tools we have to protect and defend the rights of all immigrants and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletter/newsom-ordered-encampment-sweeps-also-impact-asylum-seekers/\">asylum seekers\u003c/a>,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those planning to fight Trump’s border policy face the strategic challenge of not knowing if or when each of his myriad border-related proposals will be implemented or how feasible and legal they will turn out to be.[aside label=\"Related stories\" tag=\"immigration\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But immigrant advocates said the impact from his election will likely be massive. California is home to more immigrants than any other state in the nation, about 10.6 million people, as well as the most unauthorized immigrants, according to 2022 numbers \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2024/07/22/what-we-know-about-unauthorized-immigrants-living-in-the-us/\">compiled by the Pew Research Center\u003c/a>. Immigrants make up more than a fourth of the state’s population, and nearly half of all children in California have at least one immigrant parent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If Donald Trump is successful with deportations, no state will be more impacted from a fiscal perspective, from an economic perspective,” Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BBgajKQ1F1w\">said at a press briefing last week\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Attorney General Rob Bonta told CalMatters that his office is prepared to fight, spending the months leading up to the election developing legal strategies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The best way to protect California, its values, the rights of our people, is to be prepared so we won’t be flat-footed,” Bonta said days before the election. Bonta’s comments indicate that the state, which sued more than 100 times over Trump’s policies in his first term, will again be a thorn in the president’s side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those waiting in Tijuana to cross legally into the United States through CBP One, the federal government’s phone app, worried on Wednesday that their opportunity to seek asylum had already slipped away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-446802\" src=\"https://i0.wp.com/calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_08.jpg?resize=780%2C519&ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"780\" height=\"519\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Various tents at Moviemiento Juventud 2000 provide shelter for roughly 150 asylum seekers in Tijuana on July 26, 2023. Photo by Adriana Heldiz, CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Sadness” is what Emir Mesa said she felt when she heard of Trump’s pending victory. The 45-year-old mother and new grandmother from Michoacán said she fled her hometown because of extreme violence there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do not want to enter as illegals,” she said. “That’s why we are here in Tijuana waiting to enter properly, not to be smuggled.” She held her 15-day-old grandchild as she described how her family has been waiting six months at the Movimiento Juventud 2000 migrant shelter, located a stone’s throw from the U.S.-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has said he plans to discontinue the Biden administration’s use of CBP One, through which migrants can apply for asylum in the U.S. However, it remains unclear what will happen to people who have already spent months in Mexico on the waiting list for their initial asylum screening appointment.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-impact-on-u-s-citizens\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Impact on U.S. citizens\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Trump’s border policies may also have significant impacts on all Californians by disrupting trade and expanding surveillance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His administration would have to extend the border surveillance apparatus already in place to carry out deportations on the scale he has planned, experts said. Federal authorities \u003ca href=\"https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2024/08/border-patrol-wall-automated-surveillance-artificial-intelligence-security-expo/\">have used everything from camera towers to drones\u003c/a> to ground sensors and thermal imaging to detect migrants in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given the indiscriminate nature of mass surveillance, it is possible that U.S. citizens and others permanently in the country will also be caught in its web,” said Petra Molnar, a Harvard faculty associate, lawyer and author of the book “The Walls Have Eyes: Surviving Migration in the Age of Artificial Intelligence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s plans for the border also seem poised to reverberate across regional economies and in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Trump said he plans to impose tariffs on Mexico if the country doesn’t stop the northbound flow of migrants and fentanyl. Local business leaders scoffed as they recalled the damage to the border region’s economy during Trump’s first term. The peso slumped to a two-year low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s important to remember that we aren’t just trading with Mexico, we’re producing together,” said San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce CEO Jerry Sanders, a Republican and former mayor of the border city. “At the end of the day, this would be a tax on U.S. customers and would likely set off a domino effect of other countries imposing retaliatory measures to protect their own interests.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A massive deportation campaign clearly would impact California’s economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over half of all California workers are immigrants or children of immigrants, and collectively, the state’s undocumented residents paid nearly $8.5 billion in taxes in 2022, playing a key role in stimulating the state’s economy, according to the California Budget & Policy Center and data estimates from the Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The president-elect’s border policies could hit trade, privacy, and immigrant families living in California.",
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"title": "Immigrant Advocates Gear Up To Fight Trump on Border Policies | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California immigrant advocates and state officials are bracing for what they describe as the likely massive impact of a second Trump presidency on border policies — vowing to fight his plans in court even as they remain uncertain which will make it from the campaign trail to reality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has pledged to conduct the largest \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/us/how-trump-would-crack-down-immigration-second-term-2023-11-14/\">mass deportation campaign\u003c/a> in U.S. history on Jan. 20 when he takes office; \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-says-he-will-put-tariff-mexico-stop-flow-fentanyl-into-us-2024-11-05/\">threatened to impose\u003c/a> tariffs on Mexico if it doesn’t stop the northbound flow of migrants and fentanyl; and described \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/trump-military-border-civil-unrest-domestic-use-a136c69cc85184b07f161c4c09b46c50\">plans to use the military\u003c/a> as part of his crackdown, contemplating deploying the National Guard to aid in deportations if necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to have to seal up those borders, and we’re going to have to let people come into our country,” the president-elect said during his acceptance remarks on Tuesday. “We want people to come back in, but we have to, we have to let them come back in, but they have to come in legally.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee Gelernt, an attorney with the American Civil Liberties Union who argued challenges to immigration restrictions during Trump’s first term, said, “Many of the policies Trump is advocating and promising, like use of the military, are illegal, and we are prepared to challenge them.” \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/news/immigrants-rights/trump-on-immigration-tearing-apart-immigrant-families-communities-and-the-fabric-of-our-nation\">An ACLU “roadmap”\u003c/a> on Trump’s reelection described plans to push legislators to block deportations and make cuts to Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s detention operations. It also envisioned “a civil rights firewall” to protect immigrants and litigation against deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other organizations have promised to join the fight.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe Trump when he promises to enact disastrous policies that aim to tear families apart, destabilize communities, and weaken our economy,” said Lindsay Toczylowski, CEO and president of Los Angeles-based Immigrant Defenders Law Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But the U.S. Constitution didn’t disappear overnight. We will use all the tools we have to protect and defend the rights of all immigrants and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletter/newsom-ordered-encampment-sweeps-also-impact-asylum-seekers/\">asylum seekers\u003c/a>,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those planning to fight Trump’s border policy face the strategic challenge of not knowing if or when each of his myriad border-related proposals will be implemented or how feasible and legal they will turn out to be.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But immigrant advocates said the impact from his election will likely be massive. California is home to more immigrants than any other state in the nation, about 10.6 million people, as well as the most unauthorized immigrants, according to 2022 numbers \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2024/07/22/what-we-know-about-unauthorized-immigrants-living-in-the-us/\">compiled by the Pew Research Center\u003c/a>. Immigrants make up more than a fourth of the state’s population, and nearly half of all children in California have at least one immigrant parent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If Donald Trump is successful with deportations, no state will be more impacted from a fiscal perspective, from an economic perspective,” Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BBgajKQ1F1w\">said at a press briefing last week\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Attorney General Rob Bonta told CalMatters that his office is prepared to fight, spending the months leading up to the election developing legal strategies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The best way to protect California, its values, the rights of our people, is to be prepared so we won’t be flat-footed,” Bonta said days before the election. Bonta’s comments indicate that the state, which sued more than 100 times over Trump’s policies in his first term, will again be a thorn in the president’s side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those waiting in Tijuana to cross legally into the United States through CBP One, the federal government’s phone app, worried on Wednesday that their opportunity to seek asylum had already slipped away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-446802\" src=\"https://i0.wp.com/calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_08.jpg?resize=780%2C519&ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"780\" height=\"519\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Various tents at Moviemiento Juventud 2000 provide shelter for roughly 150 asylum seekers in Tijuana on July 26, 2023. Photo by Adriana Heldiz, CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Sadness” is what Emir Mesa said she felt when she heard of Trump’s pending victory. The 45-year-old mother and new grandmother from Michoacán said she fled her hometown because of extreme violence there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do not want to enter as illegals,” she said. “That’s why we are here in Tijuana waiting to enter properly, not to be smuggled.” She held her 15-day-old grandchild as she described how her family has been waiting six months at the Movimiento Juventud 2000 migrant shelter, located a stone’s throw from the U.S.-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has said he plans to discontinue the Biden administration’s use of CBP One, through which migrants can apply for asylum in the U.S. However, it remains unclear what will happen to people who have already spent months in Mexico on the waiting list for their initial asylum screening appointment.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 id=\"h-impact-on-u-s-citizens\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Impact on U.S. citizens\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Trump’s border policies may also have significant impacts on all Californians by disrupting trade and expanding surveillance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His administration would have to extend the border surveillance apparatus already in place to carry out deportations on the scale he has planned, experts said. Federal authorities \u003ca href=\"https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2024/08/border-patrol-wall-automated-surveillance-artificial-intelligence-security-expo/\">have used everything from camera towers to drones\u003c/a> to ground sensors and thermal imaging to detect migrants in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given the indiscriminate nature of mass surveillance, it is possible that U.S. citizens and others permanently in the country will also be caught in its web,” said Petra Molnar, a Harvard faculty associate, lawyer and author of the book “The Walls Have Eyes: Surviving Migration in the Age of Artificial Intelligence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s plans for the border also seem poised to reverberate across regional economies and in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Trump said he plans to impose tariffs on Mexico if the country doesn’t stop the northbound flow of migrants and fentanyl. Local business leaders scoffed as they recalled the damage to the border region’s economy during Trump’s first term. The peso slumped to a two-year low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s important to remember that we aren’t just trading with Mexico, we’re producing together,” said San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce CEO Jerry Sanders, a Republican and former mayor of the border city. “At the end of the day, this would be a tax on U.S. customers and would likely set off a domino effect of other countries imposing retaliatory measures to protect their own interests.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A massive deportation campaign clearly would impact California’s economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over half of all California workers are immigrants or children of immigrants, and collectively, the state’s undocumented residents paid nearly $8.5 billion in taxes in 2022, playing a key role in stimulating the state’s economy, according to the California Budget & Policy Center and data estimates from the Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "after-two-years-of-waiting-noncitizen-parents-still-cant-vote-in-oakland-school-board-elections",
"title": "After 2 Years of Waiting, Noncitizen Parents Still Can’t Vote in Oakland School Board Elections",
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"headTitle": "After 2 Years of Waiting, Noncitizen Parents Still Can’t Vote in Oakland School Board Elections | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by \u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org/\">El Tímpano\u003c/a>, a bilingual nonprofit news outlet that amplifies the voices of Latino and Mayan immigrants in Oakland and the wider Bay Area. The original version of the story can be found \u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org/education/after-two-years-of-waiting-noncitizen-parents-still-cant-vote-in-oakland-school-board-elections/\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]N[/dropcap]oncitizen parents and guardians with students enrolled in Oakland Unified School District won the right to vote in school board elections two years ago. But they won’t be casting their ballots anytime soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland ballot Measure S, passed in 2022, allows noncitizen parents, including those lacking permanent legal status, green card holders and asylum seekers, to vote in school board elections. But the city has yet to begin creating a process for people to register and cast ballots as noncitizens, El Tímpano found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delay has disappointed immigrant parents like Maria Cordova, a 47-year-old immigrant from El Salvador. Her 12-year-old daughter is in fifth grade at Fruitvale Elementary, and she said she was looking forward to voting. “I want to be able to vote because we can decide who can offer better opportunities for the children,” Cordova said. “So that we all, as parents and our children, have the opportunity to have a better life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A coalition of groups that support immigrants and their families in Oakland also \u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandca.gov/news/councilmembers-vote-to-send-non-citizen-voting-ballot-measure-for-ousd-school-board-elections-to-november-general-election-ballot\">supported\u003c/a> Measure S, including The Unity Council and Homies Empowerment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The failure of an \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/politics/article/New-court-order-means-noncitizen-parents-can-vote-17430973.php\">appeals court case\u003c/a> challenging a similar ordinance in San Francisco cleared the way for Measure S to move forward without facing potential legal complications in late 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland City Council supported the \u003ca href=\"https://cao-94612.s3.amazonaws.com/documents/RESO-89281-Non-Citizen-Vote-filed-materials_2022-07-30-033334_eazb.pdf\">resolution\u003c/a> from councilmembers Treva Reid and Dan Kalb to include Measure S on the 2022 general election ballot. The measure allowed the city to amend the Oakland city charter and permit undocumented residents who are the parents, legal guardians or legally recognized caregivers of a child residing in Oakland to vote in elections for Oakland Unified School District. Most Oaklanders — \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/Oakland,_California,_Measure_S,_Noncitizen_Residents_Voting_Measure_(November_2022)\">66%\u003c/a> of voters — approved the measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[aside label=\"2024 California Voter Guide\" link1='https://www.kqed.org/voterguide,Learn everything you need to cast an informed ballot for the 2024 general election' hero=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/80/2024/09/Aside-California-Voter-Guide-2024-General-Election-1200x1200-1.png]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hope is that parents of school-aged children should be able to decide who runs the [Oakland] school system,” Councilmember Kalb told El Tímpano. “Those parents, whether they’re citizens or not, shouldn’t be a factor [in voting], and so we want that to be a reality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noncitizens make up 14% of Oakland’s population, and there are more than 13,000 noncitizen parents who send their children to school in Oakland, the resolution noted. Including immigrant parents in conversations about curriculum, staff and language used in class could lead to better academic outcomes for students, it stated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kalb attributed the delay in implementing Measure S to another measure passed in 2020, Measure QQ, allowing 16 and 17-year-old students in Oakland Unified School District to vote in school board elections. That process has now been created, and 16 and 17-year-old students can vote in the upcoming elections for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Kalb, the Oakland city clerk recommended pausing Measure S until after the 2024 election, as they were still managing the complexities of rolling out the youth vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, Measure S has no timeline for implementation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kalb said he intends to meet with the city clerk after the November elections to set in motion the process of allowing noncitizen parents to vote. “The hope is that the council will pass an ordinance sometime in the next few months or next six months,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland’s city clerk referred El Tímpano’s questions about implementing Measure S to an Oakland public information officer, who did not comment on the record for this story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12012234\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12012234 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/10.28.2024_MeasureS-03-scaled-1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"798\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/10.28.2024_MeasureS-03-scaled-1.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/10.28.2024_MeasureS-03-scaled-1-800x532.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/10.28.2024_MeasureS-03-scaled-1-1020x678.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/10.28.2024_MeasureS-03-scaled-1-160x106.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Councilmember Dan Kalb attributed the delay in implementing Measure S to another measure passed in 2020, Measure QQ, allowing 16 and 17-year-old students in Oakland Unified School District to vote in school board elections. That process has now been created, and 16 and 17-year-old students can vote in the upcoming elections for the first time. \u003ccite>(Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Creating a new category of voters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>San Francisco and \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/immigrants-are-getting-right-vote-cities-across-america-664467\">other cities\u003c/a> have already made noncitizen voting a reality. In 2016, San Francisco voters approved Proposition N, which extended voting rights to noncitizens at the school board level. The law took effect in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School board members have several key responsibilities that directly affect the district’s quality of education and student experience. They include overseeing the district’s budget, developing and approving policies, negotiating teacher and staff contracts and other key decisions that shape the educational landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents who voted in San Francisco’s school board election said the experience motivated them to become more involved with their children’s school, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://caasf.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/23-CAA-ImmigrationVotingReport-F2.pdf\">report\u003c/a> by Chinese for Affirmative Action, which supported giving noncitizens the right to vote in school board elections. One parent said they were inspired to volunteer and assume leadership positions in school committees and councils after voting for the first time in a school board election.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Protecting noncitizen voters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Voting rights for noncitizens come as part of a long push-back against anti-immigrant sentiment. Proposition 187, passed in 1993, mobilized immigrant organizations to create and back measures that expanded rights and access to services, said Ron Hayduk, a political science professor at San Francisco State University and co-author of the study “Immigrant Voting and the Movement for Inclusion in San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California went from being worse on immigrant rights to first on immigrant rights in a lot of ways,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Figuring out how to better protect immigrants can make a difference in how or if they want to participate in local elections. The number of noncitizen voters in San Francisco has fluctuated between small and nearly nonexistent: 59 parents voted in the \u003ca href=\"https://abc7news.com/noncitizen-voting-san-francisco-recall-election-rights-jose/11556464/\">2018 election\u003c/a>, but only two noncitizens voted in \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfexaminer.com/news/politics/why-more-noncitizens-arent-voting-in-sf-school-races/article_be7cd5b4-37d1-11ee-bc57-97bd1533bffd.html\">2019\u003c/a>. The low turnout was attributed mainly to fear, though language barriers and a need for better voter mobilization likely also contributed to the low initial turnout, according to the report from Chinese for Affirmative Action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 300 noncitizen parents voted in a \u003ca href=\"https://sfstandard.com/2022/09/16/sf-noncitizen-parents/\">2022 recall election\u003c/a>, but no noncitizen parents voted in 2023 because of a pending court challenge to the law’s constitutionality. Because the law has now been ruled constitutional, noncitizen parents can resume voting, starting with the 2024 school board election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noncitizen voting has become a flashpoint amid unfounded accusations that people lacking permanent legal status have been voting in federal and state elections. Multiple news outlets have noted that former president Donald Trump’s 2024 campaign has spread \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/10/12/nx-s1-5147789/voting-election-2024-noncitizen-fact-check-trump\">misinformation\u003c/a> about noncitizen voting to set the stage for \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/trump-election-results-2024-noncitizens-voting-big-lie-rcna175552\">challenging\u003c/a> the \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/oct/03/trump-republicans-non-citizen-voters-myth-stolen-election\">legitimacy\u003c/a> of the presidential election if Trump loses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People lacking permanent legal status may be reluctant to call attention to their status by registering to vote as noncitizens in local elections, Hayduk said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some folks have looked into whether or not people’s names could be protected like victims of domestic violence or police officers — they can register to vote, but their names don’t appear on a public voter registration list,” he said. “So, why not for immigrants? But that change needs to happen at the state level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, despite the fear, there are parents who still want to vote in Oakland’s school board elections and are disappointed that they cannot vote in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It frustrates me,” OUSD parent Cordova said. “It feels like we are not taken into account just because we are immigrants.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "After 2 Years of Waiting, Noncitizen Parents Still Can’t Vote in Oakland School Board Elections | KQED",
"description": "This story was produced by El Tímpano, a bilingual nonprofit news outlet that amplifies the voices of Latino and Mayan immigrants in Oakland and the wider Bay Area. The original version of the story can be found here. oncitizen parents and guardians with students enrolled in Oakland Unified School District won the right to vote in school",
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"headline": "After 2 Years of Waiting, Noncitizen Parents Still Can’t Vote in Oakland School Board Elections",
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"subhead": "A 2022 ballot measure gave noncitizen parents the right to vote for their school boards, but the city hasn’t yet moved to make their right a reality.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by \u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org/\">El Tímpano\u003c/a>, a bilingual nonprofit news outlet that amplifies the voices of Latino and Mayan immigrants in Oakland and the wider Bay Area. The original version of the story can be found \u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org/education/after-two-years-of-waiting-noncitizen-parents-still-cant-vote-in-oakland-school-board-elections/\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">N\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>oncitizen parents and guardians with students enrolled in Oakland Unified School District won the right to vote in school board elections two years ago. But they won’t be casting their ballots anytime soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland ballot Measure S, passed in 2022, allows noncitizen parents, including those lacking permanent legal status, green card holders and asylum seekers, to vote in school board elections. But the city has yet to begin creating a process for people to register and cast ballots as noncitizens, El Tímpano found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delay has disappointed immigrant parents like Maria Cordova, a 47-year-old immigrant from El Salvador. Her 12-year-old daughter is in fifth grade at Fruitvale Elementary, and she said she was looking forward to voting. “I want to be able to vote because we can decide who can offer better opportunities for the children,” Cordova said. “So that we all, as parents and our children, have the opportunity to have a better life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A coalition of groups that support immigrants and their families in Oakland also \u003ca href=\"https://www.oaklandca.gov/news/councilmembers-vote-to-send-non-citizen-voting-ballot-measure-for-ousd-school-board-elections-to-november-general-election-ballot\">supported\u003c/a> Measure S, including The Unity Council and Homies Empowerment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The failure of an \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/politics/article/New-court-order-means-noncitizen-parents-can-vote-17430973.php\">appeals court case\u003c/a> challenging a similar ordinance in San Francisco cleared the way for Measure S to move forward without facing potential legal complications in late 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland City Council supported the \u003ca href=\"https://cao-94612.s3.amazonaws.com/documents/RESO-89281-Non-Citizen-Vote-filed-materials_2022-07-30-033334_eazb.pdf\">resolution\u003c/a> from councilmembers Treva Reid and Dan Kalb to include Measure S on the 2022 general election ballot. The measure allowed the city to amend the Oakland city charter and permit undocumented residents who are the parents, legal guardians or legally recognized caregivers of a child residing in Oakland to vote in elections for Oakland Unified School District. Most Oaklanders — \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/Oakland,_California,_Measure_S,_Noncitizen_Residents_Voting_Measure_(November_2022)\">66%\u003c/a> of voters — approved the measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hope is that parents of school-aged children should be able to decide who runs the [Oakland] school system,” Councilmember Kalb told El Tímpano. “Those parents, whether they’re citizens or not, shouldn’t be a factor [in voting], and so we want that to be a reality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noncitizens make up 14% of Oakland’s population, and there are more than 13,000 noncitizen parents who send their children to school in Oakland, the resolution noted. Including immigrant parents in conversations about curriculum, staff and language used in class could lead to better academic outcomes for students, it stated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kalb attributed the delay in implementing Measure S to another measure passed in 2020, Measure QQ, allowing 16 and 17-year-old students in Oakland Unified School District to vote in school board elections. That process has now been created, and 16 and 17-year-old students can vote in the upcoming elections for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Kalb, the Oakland city clerk recommended pausing Measure S until after the 2024 election, as they were still managing the complexities of rolling out the youth vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, Measure S has no timeline for implementation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kalb said he intends to meet with the city clerk after the November elections to set in motion the process of allowing noncitizen parents to vote. “The hope is that the council will pass an ordinance sometime in the next few months or next six months,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland’s city clerk referred El Tímpano’s questions about implementing Measure S to an Oakland public information officer, who did not comment on the record for this story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12012234\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12012234 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/10.28.2024_MeasureS-03-scaled-1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"798\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/10.28.2024_MeasureS-03-scaled-1.jpeg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/10.28.2024_MeasureS-03-scaled-1-800x532.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/10.28.2024_MeasureS-03-scaled-1-1020x678.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/10.28.2024_MeasureS-03-scaled-1-160x106.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Councilmember Dan Kalb attributed the delay in implementing Measure S to another measure passed in 2020, Measure QQ, allowing 16 and 17-year-old students in Oakland Unified School District to vote in school board elections. That process has now been created, and 16 and 17-year-old students can vote in the upcoming elections for the first time. \u003ccite>(Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Creating a new category of voters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>San Francisco and \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/immigrants-are-getting-right-vote-cities-across-america-664467\">other cities\u003c/a> have already made noncitizen voting a reality. In 2016, San Francisco voters approved Proposition N, which extended voting rights to noncitizens at the school board level. The law took effect in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School board members have several key responsibilities that directly affect the district’s quality of education and student experience. They include overseeing the district’s budget, developing and approving policies, negotiating teacher and staff contracts and other key decisions that shape the educational landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents who voted in San Francisco’s school board election said the experience motivated them to become more involved with their children’s school, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://caasf.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/23-CAA-ImmigrationVotingReport-F2.pdf\">report\u003c/a> by Chinese for Affirmative Action, which supported giving noncitizens the right to vote in school board elections. One parent said they were inspired to volunteer and assume leadership positions in school committees and councils after voting for the first time in a school board election.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Protecting noncitizen voters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Voting rights for noncitizens come as part of a long push-back against anti-immigrant sentiment. Proposition 187, passed in 1993, mobilized immigrant organizations to create and back measures that expanded rights and access to services, said Ron Hayduk, a political science professor at San Francisco State University and co-author of the study “Immigrant Voting and the Movement for Inclusion in San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California went from being worse on immigrant rights to first on immigrant rights in a lot of ways,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Figuring out how to better protect immigrants can make a difference in how or if they want to participate in local elections. The number of noncitizen voters in San Francisco has fluctuated between small and nearly nonexistent: 59 parents voted in the \u003ca href=\"https://abc7news.com/noncitizen-voting-san-francisco-recall-election-rights-jose/11556464/\">2018 election\u003c/a>, but only two noncitizens voted in \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfexaminer.com/news/politics/why-more-noncitizens-arent-voting-in-sf-school-races/article_be7cd5b4-37d1-11ee-bc57-97bd1533bffd.html\">2019\u003c/a>. The low turnout was attributed mainly to fear, though language barriers and a need for better voter mobilization likely also contributed to the low initial turnout, according to the report from Chinese for Affirmative Action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 300 noncitizen parents voted in a \u003ca href=\"https://sfstandard.com/2022/09/16/sf-noncitizen-parents/\">2022 recall election\u003c/a>, but no noncitizen parents voted in 2023 because of a pending court challenge to the law’s constitutionality. Because the law has now been ruled constitutional, noncitizen parents can resume voting, starting with the 2024 school board election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noncitizen voting has become a flashpoint amid unfounded accusations that people lacking permanent legal status have been voting in federal and state elections. Multiple news outlets have noted that former president Donald Trump’s 2024 campaign has spread \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/10/12/nx-s1-5147789/voting-election-2024-noncitizen-fact-check-trump\">misinformation\u003c/a> about noncitizen voting to set the stage for \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/trump-election-results-2024-noncitizens-voting-big-lie-rcna175552\">challenging\u003c/a> the \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/oct/03/trump-republicans-non-citizen-voters-myth-stolen-election\">legitimacy\u003c/a> of the presidential election if Trump loses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People lacking permanent legal status may be reluctant to call attention to their status by registering to vote as noncitizens in local elections, Hayduk said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some folks have looked into whether or not people’s names could be protected like victims of domestic violence or police officers — they can register to vote, but their names don’t appear on a public voter registration list,” he said. “So, why not for immigrants? But that change needs to happen at the state level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, despite the fear, there are parents who still want to vote in Oakland’s school board elections and are disappointed that they cannot vote in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It frustrates me,” OUSD parent Cordova said. “It feels like we are not taken into account just because we are immigrants.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "despite-election-rhetoric-illegal-border-crossings-sit-at-4-year-low",
"title": "Despite Election Rhetoric, Illegal Border Crossings Sit at 4-Year Low",
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"headTitle": "Despite Election Rhetoric, Illegal Border Crossings Sit at 4-Year Low | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]I[/dropcap]n the final days of the presidential campaign, immigration at the U.S.-Mexico border remains one of the most heated topics of the election. Former President Donald Trump calls it an “invasion,” crudely disparages immigrants and threatens mass deportations. Vice President Kamala Harris, in tacit recognition of the Biden administration’s border challenges, also vows tougher enforcement. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet illegal border crossings have \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/news/fy2024-us-border-encounters-plunge\">plunged to the lowest level in four years\u003c/a>, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/national-media-release/cbp-releases-september-2024-monthly-update\">new data\u003c/a> released by U.S. Customs and Border Protection. To understand how that fact squares with the fraught political rhetoric, KQED looked at the current dynamics of migration at California’s border with Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Pacific Ocean crashed against the beach nearby, Customs and Border Patrol spokesman Michael Scappechio stood on a well-maintained road flanked by a pair of formidable fences — 18-feet and 30-feet high — dividing the streets of Tijuana from a deserted state park in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just in the last two months, this region has seen an approximate 50% decline in illegal entries,” Scappechio said. “Nationwide numbers have declined as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. government first began erecting a metal fence along the border here 30 years ago this fall. Today, it’s more fortified than ever, with lighting, motion detectors, cameras, drones and other technology — as well as manpower — augmenting the fence. It’s all been reinforced under both Trump and President Joe Biden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, in the wake of the coronavirus pandemic, as a \u003ca href=\"https://www.iom.int/news/world-migration-report-2024-reveals-latest-global-trends-and-challenges-human-mobility\">global migration crisis\u003c/a> grew, the Biden administration confronted rising numbers of people arriving at the U.S.-Mexico border. Monthly Border Patrol migrant encounters \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/southwest-land-border-encounters\">hit a record high\u003c/a> of nearly 250,000 last December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, the administration ramped up a set of tough measures meant to deter unauthorized border crossings, reversing course from the more compassionate approach of the early years of Biden’s presidency. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The results have been striking. In September, Border Patrol encounters fell to 54,000 nationally, just 22% of December’s peak. The San Diego sector had the largest share of those encounters, with 13,000, but that too was down from a peak of 37,000 in April.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several factors are contributing to the turnaround. For one, since the beginning of the year, Mexico has cracked down on migrants heading for the U.S. border. And in June, Biden issued an executive order barring access to the asylum process for those who enter illegally when crossings are high. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, Scappechio said, a sharp \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/national-media-release/cbp-releases-september-2024-monthly-update\">increase in expedited removals\u003c/a> and repatriation flights — or flying people to their home country — is sending a message to would-be migrants before they make the journey “that the borders are, in fact, not open.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Partnerships with Mexico have enhanced. Policies have changed,” he said. “Messaging, I think, plays a key role because a lot of migration is oftentimes fueled by misinformation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Smartphone app aids in vetting migrants\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011958\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011958 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-18-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-18-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-18-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-18-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-18-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-18-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-18-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Boniface of the Haitian Bridge Alliance assists Gregory Montilla, a migrant from Venezuela, at San Diego International Airport on Sept. 16, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In addition to preventing unauthorized border crossings, the Biden administration has also created a process for migrants without a visa to come in lawfully. They can make an appointment using a smartphone app called CBP One, get vetted at a port of entry and then enter with a temporary \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/use-parole-under-immigration-law\">humanitarian parole\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant advocates strongly criticize the CBP One app as unreliable, and \u003ca href=\"https://cgrs.uclawsf.edu/our-work/litigation/al-otro-lado-and-haitian-bridge-alliance-v-mayorkas\">they’ve sued to block its use\u003c/a>, saying asylum seekers who lack appointments have wrongly been turned away from ports of entry. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, since it began in January 2023, the process has provided more than 850,000 migrants a way to reach the U.S. legally. The parole status lasts just two years, but parolees are eligible for a work permit and can apply for asylum or another form of legal status once on U.S. soil. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the appointments are scarce — 1,450 per day nationwide — compared to the number of migrants who want them. And advocates say people often spend months of insecurity in Mexican shelters, trying daily to schedule a slot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the San Diego airport one recent afternoon, about a dozen families who entered through the CBP One process — most from Haiti, Venezuela and Honduras — sat quietly in a designated area near the baggage claim. Volunteers from the Haitian Bridge Alliance handed out snacks and helped people make travel arrangements. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011963\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011963 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-19-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-19-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-19-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-19-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-19-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-19-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-19-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gabriel Herrera, right, and Josie Mejia from Honduras wait with their two children for an evening flight at San Diego International Airport on Sept. 16, 2024. They were paroled into the U.S. after a screening scheduled through the CBP One smartphone app. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gabriel Herrera and his wife, Josie Mejía, entertained their two small children, ages 6 and 3, with markers and cell phone video games. They’d spent the night in the airport after they were granted permission to enter the U.S. the day before. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herrera, 33, said they’d waited seven months, mostly in Mexico City, for their turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Thank God we’ve arrived, and this country is giving us an opportunity. We should all appreciate the effort they’re making to receive us,” he said in a voice that expressed strain as well as relief. “We’re here because we really, really need it — not to make money, but to live where there’s safety and justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mejía, 28, said they were going to Charleston, South Carolina, where her sister lives. They have an appointment to appear in immigration court next March, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her husband said the odyssey that led them here began more than two years earlier, when his business partner’s wife was murdered after their auto repair shop in Tegucigalpa failed to pay the monthly extortion fee demanded by a criminal group. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They took off for Spain with people who promised them jobs, said Herrera, but found themselves in the hands of labor traffickers who threatened them and took their pay. It took a year to escape, he said, but as soon as they made it back to Honduras, they faced threats again. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our only hope was to get to the U.S.,” Herrera said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011953\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011953 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-17-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-17-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-17-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-17-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-17-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-17-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-17-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gabriel Herrera sits with his daughter at San Diego International Airport, Sept. 16, 2024. He, his wife and two children were traveling to unite with family after being paroled into the U.S. at a border interview scheduled through the CBP One smartphone app. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But on the journey north through Guatemala and Mexico, Herrera said they were repeatedly robbed and mistreated — by both criminals and law enforcement. In one Guatemalan town, police stripped his 6-year-old daughter naked and touched her body, he said, leaving the girl traumatized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I came here so we could live without fear,” he said. “I want my daughter to finally be able to go to school and make friends. To have a normal life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011941\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011941 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-08-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-08-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-08-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-08-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-08-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-08-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-08-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Asylum seekers Gabriel Herrera and Josie Mejia head to their flight with their two children at San Diego International Airport on Sept. 16, 2024. They were traveling to unite with family after entering the U.S. lawfully using the CBP One app. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Then Herrera and Mejía packed up the markers and helped the children into their small jackets. It was time for their flight to Charleston. Carrying their belongings in one daypack each, they took their kids by the hand and headed up the escalator to the security line.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>San Diego as a national model: ‘It’s about dignity’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011951\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011951 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-16-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-16-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-16-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-16-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-16-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-16-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-16-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Children play outside at the Jewish Family Service shelter for migrants in San Diego, Sept. 19, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Stories like Herrera’s are common, said Dana Toppel, the CEO of Jewish Family Service of San Diego, which runs a shelter serving about 1,200 migrants a week — mostly families who entered using the CBP One app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To us, it’s about dignity. It’s really about centering the individual and being very trauma-informed,” she said, as a bus pulled up at the shelter with dozens of migrants that JFS staff had met at the San Ysidro port of entry. “They’ve gone through a lot on their journey. So anything we can do to make it easy, to make it understandable and calm, is our focus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside, everyone received meals, a warm bed and a place for the children to play. The shelter also provided a medical screening and help refilling prescriptions, a legal orientation about the asylum process and help applying for a work permit, and assistance making travel plans. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of migrants don’t stay in San Diego long, most spending no more than a night or two at the JFS shelter before traveling on to other parts of the country to reunite with family members, Toppel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011950\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011950 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-15-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-15-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-15-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-15-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-15-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-15-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-15-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Migrants collect luggage after arriving on a bus at the Jewish Family Service shelter for migrants in San Diego, Sept. 19, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Groups like JFS and the Haitian Bridge Alliance are part of a \u003ca href=\"https://rapidresponsesd.org\">robust network of local nonprofits\u003c/a> responding to the needs of immigrants in the border region. Though they’re always looking for more resources, they say the San Diego community has stepped up and the region is not facing a migrant crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011935\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011935 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-03-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-03-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-03-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-03-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-03-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-03-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A U.S. Border Patrol agent drives east between the primary and secondary fences at the U.S.-Mexico border in San Diego, Sept. 16, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San Diego County Supervisor Nora Vargas said the county has become a national model for reducing Border Patrol releases of migrants onto the streets and treating asylum seekers with dignity. The county recently won nearly $20 million from the federal Shelter and Services Program for a migrant transition center, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s still a lot of work to be done, but we’ve been able to allocate resources from the federal government specifically for this,” she said. “The partnership with Governor Newsom and the Biden administration has really been one that we have not had before from previous administrations.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Toppel added that Gov. Gavin Newsom and the state legislature have been stalwart in providing funds for her group and others, including backfilling with state dollars when federal grants have gotten tied up in red tape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are so lucky to be in the state of California,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the humanitarian work of welcoming asylum seekers is at risk, Toppel said, as Trump has centered his campaign on the message that immigrants are criminal “animals” who are \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RKPFjAhd3KQ\">“poisoning the blood”\u003c/a> of the country. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the election coming up and the narrative that’s out there, it’s all getting mixed up,” she said. “As we head up towards November, I would say that it has created an opportunity to tell the stories of the people that we’re serving, to try to change hearts and minds around who’s actually coming and that these folks are not dangerous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘It’s more difficult to travel across Mexico’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011949\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011949 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-14-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-14-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-14-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-14-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-14-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-14-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-14-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wendy Betance walks to dinner with her two daughters at a migrant shelter in Tijuana, Sept. 18, 2024. Migrants who hope to enter the U.S. lawfully using the CBP One app often wait months for an appointment. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Across the border in Tijuana, the number of migrants waiting for their CBP One appointments or preparing to cross the border illegally has also diminished. Roughly 2,000 of the city’s shelter beds were available in September, according to Enrique Lucero, who recently stepped down as Tijuana’s head of migrant affairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s partly because migrants can now \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/about/mobile-apps-directory/cbpone\">access the CBP One app\u003c/a> from central and southern Mexico. Appointments are set 21 days in advance, giving people time to reach the U.S. border. And the Mexican government will issue a 20-day transit permit to those with proof of a CBP One appointment, Lucero said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s harder and harder to get to the north if you don’t have an appointment or a visa,” he said. “Tijuana’s not getting the foreign migrants we used to because it’s more difficult to travel across Mexico.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That difficulty is largely due to the fact that Mexican authorities are transporting non-Mexican migrants south to the state of Tabasco and containing them in southern Mexico, said Lucero. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s pressure, or at least a request, from the United States to help put the brakes on the number of migrants reaching the border. It’s a political question, with an election underway,” Lucero said. “We need migration controls because we can’t turn a blind eye to the smuggling operations. And also it affects the binational relationship.” \u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Fewer people navigate the harsh terrain to reach the U.S.\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011948\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011948 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-13-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-13-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-13-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-13-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-13-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-13-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-13-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alejandro Salinas of Grupo Beta (L) sits with Irving Ortiz, as he calls his mother, on Sept. 17, 2024. Ortiz was picked up and offered assistance by Grupo Beta when he was walking along Highway 2D between Tijuana and Tecate. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alejandro Salinas, the head of the Baja California office of Grupo Beta, the Mexican immigration agency’s search and rescue arm, said that when his teams go out to locate migrants in distress, they encounter fewer people trying to sneak into the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re seeing fewer migrants trying to cross the mountains or the desert,” he said. “But, unfortunately, we’ve had four deaths this year from heat stroke, just in Baja California.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driving east from Tijuana along Highway 2 with the border fence in sight, Salinas said he’s seen more policing underway by his counterparts in the enforcement arm of \u003ca href=\"https://www.gob.mx/inm/que-hacemos\">Mexico’s National Immigration Institute\u003c/a>, or INM. Though they’re both part of the same agency, he emphasized that Grupo Beta’s work is strictly humanitarian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011945\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011945 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-11-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-11-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-11-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-11-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-11-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-11-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-11-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A member of the Mexican army keeps watch outside a camp along the U.S.-Mexico border in Tecate, Sept. 17, 2024. The camps were established along the border earlier this year to deter migrant crossings. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Salinas and his team stopped at one of several bases that the INM established in rural stretches along the border earlier this year. With soldiers from the Mexican Armed Forces to protect against criminal smuggling organizations, INM agents patrol the remote rural areas to intercept non-Mexicans. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>INM enforcement agent Abraham Basurto said they had been out before dawn and encountered an Uzbek man with a broken ankle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We provided first aid and transferred him to Tijuana,” Basurto said. “We make sure migrants are okay. After that, the most important thing is to check whether they’re in the country legally.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011937\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011937 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-05-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-05-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-05-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-05-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-05-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-05-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The U.S.-Mexico border fence runs west between the eastern outskirts of Tijuana and the Otay Mountain Wilderness, Sept. 16, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He said the patrols commonly encounter groups of 10 to 20 migrants. And they’re coming from countries outside the hemisphere. Those migrants often cross the border illegally and turn themselves in to Border Patrol agents to request asylum, but in recent months, the number of people from those nationalities reaching the U.S. has dropped dramatically. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see people out here from many countries — Uzbekistan, Mauritania, China, Cameroon, Tajikistan — but not from Latin America,” he said. “With groups like this, we obviously have to check what they’re doing out here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the Grupo Beta team drove on to La Rumorosa, a forbidding mountainous region at 4,000 feet elevation, studded with boulders and cactus and known for its howling winds. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011947\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011947 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-12-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-12-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-12-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-12-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-12-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-12-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-12-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Migrants attempting to cross the U.S.-Mexico border illegally frequently travel through the rugged and dangerous terrain in La Rumorosa, Mexico, Sept. 17, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Salinas and his three colleagues, in their trademark orange jackets, left their trucks on a highway turnout and started down through the rocks. It’s a common smuggling route, so they typically hike through there every couple of days on the lookout for stranded migrants. They’ve even marked certain boulders with large numerals to help navigate the bleak terrain where migrants are often abandoned.\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>“The smuggler just points north — toward a U.S. wind farm or the border fence — and they say, ‘Just walk and you’ll reach the United States,’” he said. “But they don’t say that you have to descend this mountain and climb the next one. They don’t say how dangerous it is or how easily a person can get lost out here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011964\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011964 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-20-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-20-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-20-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-20-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-20-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-20-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-20-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Perla Godínez from Grupo Beta looks out across the rugged terrain of La Rumorosa, a desolate area traversed by migrants crossing the U.S.-Mexico border illegally, on Sept. 17, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To emphasize the point, one of the other agents, Perla Godínez, pulled out her phone and opened up a video of a recent rescue. In it, a man is sobbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It took a long time to find this group. There were five of them, including a child,” she said. “The rescue took 18 hours because we had no cell phone signal, so we went from one place to another, looking. They were really weak when we found them, and one guy was crying because he thought they were going to die.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Godínez said she first learned about Grupo Beta when she worked as a 911 dispatcher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I took the calls from migrants who were lost, and I passed the reports to Grupo Beta,” she said. “I decided to change jobs because I wanted to know that the migrants who called for help were being found.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011943\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011943 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-09-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-09-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-09-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-09-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-09-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-09-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-09-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maribel Moreno, left, and Carlos Parra from a Grupo Beta search and rescue team walk along old train tracks that are a common route for migrants crossing the U.S.-Mexico border outside Tecate, Sept. 17, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>All the fencing and the policing by both countries, the asylum restrictions and the lawful pathways to humanitarian parole have vastly reduced the number of people entering the U.S. illegally. But they don’t get at the root causes of why people migrate, so some will keep trying, said Lucero, the former Tijuana migrant affairs director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not as if things are all better in Venezuela, or the war in Ukraine is over, or there’s no more poverty in southern Africa,” he said. “This calm that we’re seeing may be temporary. We don’t know how long it’s going to last.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Border Patrol encounters with unauthorized migrants at the U.S.-Mexico border are the lowest in four years, while San Diego emerges as a national model for aiding those seeking refuge.",
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"title": "Despite Election Rhetoric, Illegal Border Crossings Sit at 4-Year Low | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">I\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>n the final days of the presidential campaign, immigration at the U.S.-Mexico border remains one of the most heated topics of the election. Former President Donald Trump calls it an “invasion,” crudely disparages immigrants and threatens mass deportations. Vice President Kamala Harris, in tacit recognition of the Biden administration’s border challenges, also vows tougher enforcement. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet illegal border crossings have \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/news/fy2024-us-border-encounters-plunge\">plunged to the lowest level in four years\u003c/a>, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/national-media-release/cbp-releases-september-2024-monthly-update\">new data\u003c/a> released by U.S. Customs and Border Protection. To understand how that fact squares with the fraught political rhetoric, KQED looked at the current dynamics of migration at California’s border with Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Pacific Ocean crashed against the beach nearby, Customs and Border Patrol spokesman Michael Scappechio stood on a well-maintained road flanked by a pair of formidable fences — 18-feet and 30-feet high — dividing the streets of Tijuana from a deserted state park in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just in the last two months, this region has seen an approximate 50% decline in illegal entries,” Scappechio said. “Nationwide numbers have declined as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. government first began erecting a metal fence along the border here 30 years ago this fall. Today, it’s more fortified than ever, with lighting, motion detectors, cameras, drones and other technology — as well as manpower — augmenting the fence. It’s all been reinforced under both Trump and President Joe Biden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, in the wake of the coronavirus pandemic, as a \u003ca href=\"https://www.iom.int/news/world-migration-report-2024-reveals-latest-global-trends-and-challenges-human-mobility\">global migration crisis\u003c/a> grew, the Biden administration confronted rising numbers of people arriving at the U.S.-Mexico border. Monthly Border Patrol migrant encounters \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/southwest-land-border-encounters\">hit a record high\u003c/a> of nearly 250,000 last December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, the administration ramped up a set of tough measures meant to deter unauthorized border crossings, reversing course from the more compassionate approach of the early years of Biden’s presidency. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The results have been striking. In September, Border Patrol encounters fell to 54,000 nationally, just 22% of December’s peak. The San Diego sector had the largest share of those encounters, with 13,000, but that too was down from a peak of 37,000 in April.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several factors are contributing to the turnaround. For one, since the beginning of the year, Mexico has cracked down on migrants heading for the U.S. border. And in June, Biden issued an executive order barring access to the asylum process for those who enter illegally when crossings are high. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, Scappechio said, a sharp \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/national-media-release/cbp-releases-september-2024-monthly-update\">increase in expedited removals\u003c/a> and repatriation flights — or flying people to their home country — is sending a message to would-be migrants before they make the journey “that the borders are, in fact, not open.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Partnerships with Mexico have enhanced. Policies have changed,” he said. “Messaging, I think, plays a key role because a lot of migration is oftentimes fueled by misinformation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Smartphone app aids in vetting migrants\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011958\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011958 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-18-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-18-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-18-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-18-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-18-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-18-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-18-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Boniface of the Haitian Bridge Alliance assists Gregory Montilla, a migrant from Venezuela, at San Diego International Airport on Sept. 16, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In addition to preventing unauthorized border crossings, the Biden administration has also created a process for migrants without a visa to come in lawfully. They can make an appointment using a smartphone app called CBP One, get vetted at a port of entry and then enter with a temporary \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/use-parole-under-immigration-law\">humanitarian parole\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant advocates strongly criticize the CBP One app as unreliable, and \u003ca href=\"https://cgrs.uclawsf.edu/our-work/litigation/al-otro-lado-and-haitian-bridge-alliance-v-mayorkas\">they’ve sued to block its use\u003c/a>, saying asylum seekers who lack appointments have wrongly been turned away from ports of entry. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, since it began in January 2023, the process has provided more than 850,000 migrants a way to reach the U.S. legally. The parole status lasts just two years, but parolees are eligible for a work permit and can apply for asylum or another form of legal status once on U.S. soil. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the appointments are scarce — 1,450 per day nationwide — compared to the number of migrants who want them. And advocates say people often spend months of insecurity in Mexican shelters, trying daily to schedule a slot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the San Diego airport one recent afternoon, about a dozen families who entered through the CBP One process — most from Haiti, Venezuela and Honduras — sat quietly in a designated area near the baggage claim. Volunteers from the Haitian Bridge Alliance handed out snacks and helped people make travel arrangements. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011963\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011963 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-19-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-19-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-19-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-19-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-19-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-19-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-19-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gabriel Herrera, right, and Josie Mejia from Honduras wait with their two children for an evening flight at San Diego International Airport on Sept. 16, 2024. They were paroled into the U.S. after a screening scheduled through the CBP One smartphone app. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gabriel Herrera and his wife, Josie Mejía, entertained their two small children, ages 6 and 3, with markers and cell phone video games. They’d spent the night in the airport after they were granted permission to enter the U.S. the day before. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herrera, 33, said they’d waited seven months, mostly in Mexico City, for their turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Thank God we’ve arrived, and this country is giving us an opportunity. We should all appreciate the effort they’re making to receive us,” he said in a voice that expressed strain as well as relief. “We’re here because we really, really need it — not to make money, but to live where there’s safety and justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mejía, 28, said they were going to Charleston, South Carolina, where her sister lives. They have an appointment to appear in immigration court next March, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her husband said the odyssey that led them here began more than two years earlier, when his business partner’s wife was murdered after their auto repair shop in Tegucigalpa failed to pay the monthly extortion fee demanded by a criminal group. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They took off for Spain with people who promised them jobs, said Herrera, but found themselves in the hands of labor traffickers who threatened them and took their pay. It took a year to escape, he said, but as soon as they made it back to Honduras, they faced threats again. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our only hope was to get to the U.S.,” Herrera said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011953\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011953 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-17-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-17-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-17-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-17-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-17-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-17-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-17-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gabriel Herrera sits with his daughter at San Diego International Airport, Sept. 16, 2024. He, his wife and two children were traveling to unite with family after being paroled into the U.S. at a border interview scheduled through the CBP One smartphone app. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But on the journey north through Guatemala and Mexico, Herrera said they were repeatedly robbed and mistreated — by both criminals and law enforcement. In one Guatemalan town, police stripped his 6-year-old daughter naked and touched her body, he said, leaving the girl traumatized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I came here so we could live without fear,” he said. “I want my daughter to finally be able to go to school and make friends. To have a normal life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011941\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011941 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-08-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-08-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-08-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-08-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-08-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-08-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-08-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Asylum seekers Gabriel Herrera and Josie Mejia head to their flight with their two children at San Diego International Airport on Sept. 16, 2024. They were traveling to unite with family after entering the U.S. lawfully using the CBP One app. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Then Herrera and Mejía packed up the markers and helped the children into their small jackets. It was time for their flight to Charleston. Carrying their belongings in one daypack each, they took their kids by the hand and headed up the escalator to the security line.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>San Diego as a national model: ‘It’s about dignity’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011951\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011951 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-16-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-16-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-16-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-16-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-16-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-16-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-16-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Children play outside at the Jewish Family Service shelter for migrants in San Diego, Sept. 19, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Stories like Herrera’s are common, said Dana Toppel, the CEO of Jewish Family Service of San Diego, which runs a shelter serving about 1,200 migrants a week — mostly families who entered using the CBP One app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To us, it’s about dignity. It’s really about centering the individual and being very trauma-informed,” she said, as a bus pulled up at the shelter with dozens of migrants that JFS staff had met at the San Ysidro port of entry. “They’ve gone through a lot on their journey. So anything we can do to make it easy, to make it understandable and calm, is our focus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside, everyone received meals, a warm bed and a place for the children to play. The shelter also provided a medical screening and help refilling prescriptions, a legal orientation about the asylum process and help applying for a work permit, and assistance making travel plans. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of migrants don’t stay in San Diego long, most spending no more than a night or two at the JFS shelter before traveling on to other parts of the country to reunite with family members, Toppel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011950\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011950 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-15-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-15-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-15-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-15-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-15-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-15-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-15-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Migrants collect luggage after arriving on a bus at the Jewish Family Service shelter for migrants in San Diego, Sept. 19, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Groups like JFS and the Haitian Bridge Alliance are part of a \u003ca href=\"https://rapidresponsesd.org\">robust network of local nonprofits\u003c/a> responding to the needs of immigrants in the border region. Though they’re always looking for more resources, they say the San Diego community has stepped up and the region is not facing a migrant crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011935\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011935 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-03-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-03-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-03-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-03-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-03-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-03-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A U.S. Border Patrol agent drives east between the primary and secondary fences at the U.S.-Mexico border in San Diego, Sept. 16, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San Diego County Supervisor Nora Vargas said the county has become a national model for reducing Border Patrol releases of migrants onto the streets and treating asylum seekers with dignity. The county recently won nearly $20 million from the federal Shelter and Services Program for a migrant transition center, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s still a lot of work to be done, but we’ve been able to allocate resources from the federal government specifically for this,” she said. “The partnership with Governor Newsom and the Biden administration has really been one that we have not had before from previous administrations.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Toppel added that Gov. Gavin Newsom and the state legislature have been stalwart in providing funds for her group and others, including backfilling with state dollars when federal grants have gotten tied up in red tape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are so lucky to be in the state of California,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the humanitarian work of welcoming asylum seekers is at risk, Toppel said, as Trump has centered his campaign on the message that immigrants are criminal “animals” who are \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RKPFjAhd3KQ\">“poisoning the blood”\u003c/a> of the country. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the election coming up and the narrative that’s out there, it’s all getting mixed up,” she said. “As we head up towards November, I would say that it has created an opportunity to tell the stories of the people that we’re serving, to try to change hearts and minds around who’s actually coming and that these folks are not dangerous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘It’s more difficult to travel across Mexico’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011949\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011949 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-14-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-14-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-14-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-14-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-14-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-14-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-14-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wendy Betance walks to dinner with her two daughters at a migrant shelter in Tijuana, Sept. 18, 2024. Migrants who hope to enter the U.S. lawfully using the CBP One app often wait months for an appointment. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Across the border in Tijuana, the number of migrants waiting for their CBP One appointments or preparing to cross the border illegally has also diminished. Roughly 2,000 of the city’s shelter beds were available in September, according to Enrique Lucero, who recently stepped down as Tijuana’s head of migrant affairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s partly because migrants can now \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/about/mobile-apps-directory/cbpone\">access the CBP One app\u003c/a> from central and southern Mexico. Appointments are set 21 days in advance, giving people time to reach the U.S. border. And the Mexican government will issue a 20-day transit permit to those with proof of a CBP One appointment, Lucero said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s harder and harder to get to the north if you don’t have an appointment or a visa,” he said. “Tijuana’s not getting the foreign migrants we used to because it’s more difficult to travel across Mexico.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That difficulty is largely due to the fact that Mexican authorities are transporting non-Mexican migrants south to the state of Tabasco and containing them in southern Mexico, said Lucero. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s pressure, or at least a request, from the United States to help put the brakes on the number of migrants reaching the border. It’s a political question, with an election underway,” Lucero said. “We need migration controls because we can’t turn a blind eye to the smuggling operations. And also it affects the binational relationship.” \u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Fewer people navigate the harsh terrain to reach the U.S.\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011948\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011948 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-13-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-13-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-13-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-13-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-13-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-13-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-13-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alejandro Salinas of Grupo Beta (L) sits with Irving Ortiz, as he calls his mother, on Sept. 17, 2024. Ortiz was picked up and offered assistance by Grupo Beta when he was walking along Highway 2D between Tijuana and Tecate. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alejandro Salinas, the head of the Baja California office of Grupo Beta, the Mexican immigration agency’s search and rescue arm, said that when his teams go out to locate migrants in distress, they encounter fewer people trying to sneak into the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re seeing fewer migrants trying to cross the mountains or the desert,” he said. “But, unfortunately, we’ve had four deaths this year from heat stroke, just in Baja California.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driving east from Tijuana along Highway 2 with the border fence in sight, Salinas said he’s seen more policing underway by his counterparts in the enforcement arm of \u003ca href=\"https://www.gob.mx/inm/que-hacemos\">Mexico’s National Immigration Institute\u003c/a>, or INM. Though they’re both part of the same agency, he emphasized that Grupo Beta’s work is strictly humanitarian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011945\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011945 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-11-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-11-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-11-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-11-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-11-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-11-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-11-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A member of the Mexican army keeps watch outside a camp along the U.S.-Mexico border in Tecate, Sept. 17, 2024. The camps were established along the border earlier this year to deter migrant crossings. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Salinas and his team stopped at one of several bases that the INM established in rural stretches along the border earlier this year. With soldiers from the Mexican Armed Forces to protect against criminal smuggling organizations, INM agents patrol the remote rural areas to intercept non-Mexicans. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>INM enforcement agent Abraham Basurto said they had been out before dawn and encountered an Uzbek man with a broken ankle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We provided first aid and transferred him to Tijuana,” Basurto said. “We make sure migrants are okay. After that, the most important thing is to check whether they’re in the country legally.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011937\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011937 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-05-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-05-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-05-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-05-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-05-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-05-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The U.S.-Mexico border fence runs west between the eastern outskirts of Tijuana and the Otay Mountain Wilderness, Sept. 16, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He said the patrols commonly encounter groups of 10 to 20 migrants. And they’re coming from countries outside the hemisphere. Those migrants often cross the border illegally and turn themselves in to Border Patrol agents to request asylum, but in recent months, the number of people from those nationalities reaching the U.S. has dropped dramatically. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We see people out here from many countries — Uzbekistan, Mauritania, China, Cameroon, Tajikistan — but not from Latin America,” he said. “With groups like this, we obviously have to check what they’re doing out here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then the Grupo Beta team drove on to La Rumorosa, a forbidding mountainous region at 4,000 feet elevation, studded with boulders and cactus and known for its howling winds. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011947\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011947 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-12-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-12-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-12-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-12-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-12-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-12-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-12-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Migrants attempting to cross the U.S.-Mexico border illegally frequently travel through the rugged and dangerous terrain in La Rumorosa, Mexico, Sept. 17, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Salinas and his three colleagues, in their trademark orange jackets, left their trucks on a highway turnout and started down through the rocks. It’s a common smuggling route, so they typically hike through there every couple of days on the lookout for stranded migrants. They’ve even marked certain boulders with large numerals to help navigate the bleak terrain where migrants are often abandoned.\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>“The smuggler just points north — toward a U.S. wind farm or the border fence — and they say, ‘Just walk and you’ll reach the United States,’” he said. “But they don’t say that you have to descend this mountain and climb the next one. They don’t say how dangerous it is or how easily a person can get lost out here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011964\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011964 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-20-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-20-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-20-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-20-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-20-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-20-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-20-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Perla Godínez from Grupo Beta looks out across the rugged terrain of La Rumorosa, a desolate area traversed by migrants crossing the U.S.-Mexico border illegally, on Sept. 17, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To emphasize the point, one of the other agents, Perla Godínez, pulled out her phone and opened up a video of a recent rescue. In it, a man is sobbing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It took a long time to find this group. There were five of them, including a child,” she said. “The rescue took 18 hours because we had no cell phone signal, so we went from one place to another, looking. They were really weak when we found them, and one guy was crying because he thought they were going to die.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Godínez said she first learned about Grupo Beta when she worked as a 911 dispatcher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I took the calls from migrants who were lost, and I passed the reports to Grupo Beta,” she said. “I decided to change jobs because I wanted to know that the migrants who called for help were being found.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12011943\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12011943 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-09-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-09-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-09-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-09-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-09-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-09-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241031-BORDER-CROSSINGS-ZM-09-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maribel Moreno, left, and Carlos Parra from a Grupo Beta search and rescue team walk along old train tracks that are a common route for migrants crossing the U.S.-Mexico border outside Tecate, Sept. 17, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>All the fencing and the policing by both countries, the asylum restrictions and the lawful pathways to humanitarian parole have vastly reduced the number of people entering the U.S. illegally. But they don’t get at the root causes of why people migrate, so some will keep trying, said Lucero, the former Tijuana migrant affairs director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not as if things are all better in Venezuela, or the war in Ukraine is over, or there’s no more poverty in southern Africa,” he said. “This calm that we’re seeing may be temporary. We don’t know how long it’s going to last.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "haitians-on-edge-at-californias-border-even-as-they-put-down-roots",
"title": "Haitians Are Settling Along California-Mexico Border, Despite Concerns Over Anti-Immigrant Politics",
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"headTitle": "Haitians Are Settling Along California-Mexico Border, Despite Concerns Over Anti-Immigrant Politics | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]I[/dropcap]n San Diego’s City Heights neighborhood, one recent day, Rosemarthe Pierre, 37, was among dozens of immigrants spilling out the doors into the sunshine after morning English classes at the city’s College of Continuing Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pierre, an asylum seeker from Haiti, said she’s been studying here for a year and hopes learning English will help her find a job once her work permit is approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking through an interpreter in her native Haitian Creole, Pierre said she fled her country when it \u003ca href=\"https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2024/03/haiti-crisis-requires-international-condemnation-lasting-solutions/#:~:text=Haiti%20has%20been%20plunged%20into,such%20as%20ports%20and%20airports\">plunged into turmoil\u003c/a> following the assassination of President \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jovenel_Mo%C3%AFse\">Jovenel Moïse\u003c/a> in 2021. Gang members killed her husband before he could get out, but with the help of family, Pierre was able to bring her daughter, now 13, to the U.S., she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pierre and her daughter are among more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/national-media-release/cbp-releases-august-2024-monthly-update\">300,000\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://ohss.dhs.gov/topics/immigration/immigration-enforcement/immigration-enforcement-and-legal-processes-monthly#table-data-heading\">Haitians\u003c/a> who have been granted temporary humanitarian parole — and an opportunity to apply for asylum — in the U.S. since January 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority who come through Tijuana and San Diego travel on to jobs or loved ones in other cities, but a few thousand, including Pierre, are putting down roots here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet even as they work to build more secure new lives in the U.S., Haitians are confronting a new kind of crisis — the barrage of anti-immigrant rhetoric from the Republican presidential campaign of Donald Trump, who targeted Haitians in Ohio last month with outlandish and false accusations of eating other peoples’ pets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/newsnation/status/1841672076371099873?s=46&t=-Fryv-WUcoW_Mg1M5zBACQ\">Trump told NewsNation\u003c/a> that, if elected, he would revoke Temporary Protected Status, a humanitarian legal protection, and deport the Haitians living in Springfield, Ohio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Absolutely I’d revoke it,” he said. “What’s happening there is horrible … You have to remove the people. We cannot destroy our country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s attacks set Pierre on edge. And though his claim that Haitians were making meals of cats and dogs was patently untrue, she felt a need to rebut it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s something that I’ve never done. Never,” she said. “I don’t know where this comes from. But my parents raised me well. I would never in my life do something like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007792\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007792\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-72-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-72-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-72-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-72-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-72-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-72-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-72-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rosemarthe Pierre waits outside of San Diego Continuing Education’s Mid-City campus after attending English class on Sept. 19, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>‘The scars could take years to heal’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Across the street from the college, a cluster of Haitians gathered on their lunch breaks in the parking lot of El Super, a supermarket specializing in Latin American products. One man served up generous portions of rice and stewed crab from pots in the back of his minivan while others chatted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though it was weeks after Trump and his running mate, Sen. J.D. Vance, first made the anti-Haitian slurs, the men were still venting their frustration and fear, said Jeef Nelson, a community advocate with the nonprofit Haitian Bridge Alliance, who joined in the conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They feel hurt. They feel betrayed to hear speech like that coming out of the mouth of a presidential candidate,” Nelson said. “It’s going to have ugly repercussions on the Haitian population. And the scars could take years to heal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007784\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007784\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-19-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-19-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-19-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-19-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-19-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-19-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-19-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jeef Nelson (right) and David Boniface from the Haitian Bridge Alliance bring meals to migrants waiting for flights at San Diego International Airport on Sept. 16, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But Zachee St. Vil, a father of three with a small moving company in San Diego, said he’d lived through much worse. Standing in the shade, he chalked up Trump’s comments to electioneering and decided not to let it get to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s the Democrat and the Republican. One says one thing, and one says another,” said St. Vil, 52, speaking in Spanish. “But in a democracy, once the voting is over, the country unites and peace can return. We all need peace.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In St. Vil’s life, peace hasn’t always been a given. He said he left Haiti 25 years ago \u003ca href=\"https://1997-2001.state.gov/global/human_rights/1999_hrp_report/haiti.html\">when police violence and insecurity became intolerable\u003c/a>. For years, he made a home in Venezuela, but then that country, too, fell into economic and political collapse. So four years ago, he and his family journeyed on to California, crossing the border illegally. They eventually received protection from deportation and were given work permits — but no pathway to citizenship — under a humanitarian program called Temporary Protected Status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then tragedy struck. St. Vil’s son, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbs8.com/article/news/local/2-people-rescued-one-still-missing-mission-beach/509-68fde096-7ec8-4eec-a25e-df74f4b7fb38\">a popular and promising basketball player\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/california/article275277841.html\">drowned on a trip to the beach\u003c/a> just days after his high school graduation. Two years on, St. Vil is still gripped by grief. Yet he said he’s found San Diego to be a welcoming place that’s finally provided his family with a baseline of security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can build my business here. I feel safe to go outside at any hour,” he said. “Compared to other countries, it’s a lot better here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007794\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1333px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007794\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-74-KQED-e1727990802264.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1333\" height=\"983\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-74-KQED-e1727990802264.jpg 1333w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-74-KQED-e1727990802264-800x590.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-74-KQED-e1727990802264-1020x752.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-74-KQED-e1727990802264-160x118.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1333px) 100vw, 1333px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Zachee St. Vil, an immigrant from Haiti, stops by to see friends in San Diego’s City Heights neighborhood before starting work on Sept. 19, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Haitians have integrated\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But on the presidential campaign trail, Trump and Vance have not backed off their inflammatory, racialized claims that immigrants are “invading” and “poisoning the blood” of the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At rallies, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aTIxM7Kfh38\">Trump has declared\u003c/a> that immigrants are “attacking villages and towns” and that predominantly white Midwestern communities “will be transformed into a Third World hellhole.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego County Supervisor Nora Vargas calls that rhetoric “disgusting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Using this as a talking point to get votes, I think, signifies the racism that exists,” said Vargas, whose district hugs the border and includes City Heights, one of San Diego’s most diverse neighborhoods and home to a large share of immigrants and refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to set the record straight that Haitians who are in the United States have integrated,” she said. “They’re doing their work, they’re participating.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, at the U.S.–Mexico border, almost all Haitians are arriving legally through a process established last year by the Biden administration that lets migrants in Mexico make appointments on a cellphone app and be vetted by U.S. border officials for parole. Once in the U.S., they’re put into immigration court proceedings, where they can make a claim for asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007793\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007793\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-73-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-73-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-73-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-73-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-73-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-73-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-73-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alex, an immigrant from Haiti, prepares lunch for other Haitians in San Diego on Sept. 19, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Haiti, decades of political instability, dire poverty, natural disasters and weak civic institutions have led to a grave crisis, \u003ca href=\"https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2024/03/haiti-crisis-requires-international-condemnation-lasting-solutions/#:~:text=Haiti%20has%20been%20plunged%20into,such%20as%20ports%20and%20airports\">Amnesty International declared\u003c/a> this year. Criminal gangs now control most of Port au Prince and have unleashed terrifying violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not that people want to leave. But they cannot stay. They can’t see a future in such chaos,” said Nelson, of the Haitian Bridge Alliance. “It’s not safe. Everybody’s living day by day, knowing that the next day they might die.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nelson came to the U.S. in 2018 when he was invited to be a research assistant for a California professor he had met through his job as an office manager at a Haitian university. He said his six-month position was renewed, and he eventually was able to obtain a green card and U.S. citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now he works to support the Haitians who’ve settled in San Diego, as well as newly arrived migrants who are heading on to other destinations. (His organization, Haitian Bridge Alliance, also recently filed a criminal complaint in Ohio against Donald Trump over the incendiary pet-eating allegations.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/dam/sdc/hhsa/programs/hsec/oira/2024-2026%20Refugee%20Support%20Services%20Plan.pdf\">recent report (PDF)\u003c/a> on refugees and asylees in San Diego County found that between 2,700 and 4,700 Haitians had settled in the area between autumn of 2020 and summer of 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, not all the Haitians arriving at the border are entering the U.S. San Diego’s small Haitian community, which is mirrored by a similar one in Tijuana. An estimated 5,000 Haitians have settled there, beginning in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘My American dream has evaporated’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007785\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1333px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007785\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-48-KQED-e1727990650659.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1333\" height=\"1010\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-48-KQED-e1727990650659.jpg 1333w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-48-KQED-e1727990650659-800x606.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-48-KQED-e1727990650659-1020x773.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-48-KQED-e1727990650659-160x121.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1333px) 100vw, 1333px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vivianne Petit Frere looks out the entrance of her restaurant, Lakou Lakay, in Tijuana on Sept. 18, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of those is Vivianne Petit Frere. She left Haiti in 2019 when mass protests over skyrocketing fuel prices led to a political crisis and crackdown. She settled first in Brazil, then made it to Mexico in 2021. The journey — through 10 countries and across the perilous jungle of the Darien Gap — took five months, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We came here to cross into the U.S.,” she said. “You know everyone has their American dream.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, three years later, Petit Frere has put down roots and become an anchor of the Haitian community in Tijuana. She runs a restaurant downtown called Lakou Lakay. The phrase translates from Haitian Creole as the patio or courtyard of a home — a place for people to gather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Haitians are the best at cooking rice,” Petit Frere said, serving up a plate heaped with a rice and beans dish, fried chicken, fried green plantain and a spicy, pickled cabbage slaw called pikliz. “I want Mexicans to learn how delicious Haitian food is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007823\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2513px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007823\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2513\" height=\"833\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-2.jpg 2513w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-2-800x265.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-2-1020x338.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-2-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-2-1536x509.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-2-2048x679.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-2-1920x636.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2513px) 100vw, 2513px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Left: The restaurant Lakou Lakay serves Haitian food in Tijuana. Right: Vivianne Petit Frere completes school work from a table in her restaurant, Lakou Lakay, in Tijuana on Sept. 18, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The restaurant — with aqua green walls, bright yellow beams, blue chairs and photographs of Caribbean beaches — is not only a place for Mexicans to taste a bit of Haiti but also an informal gathering spot for Tijuana Haitians, who know they are welcome to come in and sit down, whether or not they order anything. It’s also Petit Frere’s informal office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m a mother, a businesswoman, a student and a social worker,” she said, opening up her laptop at a back table. Petit Frere is studying for a degree in social work at the University of Baja California. And she’s become the Tijuana community organizer for the Haitian Bridge Alliance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier that morning, she and her husband delivered a carload of diapers and other baby supplies to a maternal health clinic serving migrants of all backgrounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We help other community groups, and they help us,” she said. “We support them with donations, translation, whatever we can. And they provide things like health services and legal aid to Haitian migrants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007825\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2513px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007825\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2513\" height=\"833\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-1.jpg 2513w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-1-800x265.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-1-1020x338.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-1-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-1-1536x509.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-1-2048x679.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-1-1920x636.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2513px) 100vw, 2513px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Left: Vivianne Petit Frere drops off diapers at a women’s health clinic in Tijuana. Right: Petit Frere stops to speak with a friend outside of a women’s health care clinic in Tijuana on Sept. 18, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Petit Frere feels that Haitians are treated with respect in Tijuana, though she said the Mexican government is sometimes slow to respond to their needs. Still, she’s become a legal permanent resident of Mexico, a process that’s somewhat easier than in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tijuana is where she met her husband, Joseph Saint, who’s also from Haiti. Together, they’re raising three children from their past marriages. … and a toddler who was born in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My son, who was born in Haiti, came here as a small child, so now he behaves like a Mexican,” she said. “And I have my Mexican daughter as well, so I see myself as part of this community. My life is here now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007795\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007795\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-75-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-75-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-75-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-75-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-75-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-75-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-75-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joseph Saint, Vivianne Petit Frere’s husband, bargains with a salesman at his wife’s restaurant in Tijuana on Sept. 18, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, when she looks at the United States, she said she sees a presidential candidate stirring up fear and revulsion toward Haitian immigrants. And she sees a culture where people’s lives revolve around making money and chasing material things rather than building community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My American dream has evaporated,” she said. “The United States has so many contradictions. I realized that over there, you never really belong. … I feel more free here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "A small community of Haitians calls San Diego home. But former President Donald Trump’s anti-immigrant message leaves some wondering if they can truly belong. The view looks different for those in Tijuana.",
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"title": "Haitians Are Settling Along California-Mexico Border, Despite Concerns Over Anti-Immigrant Politics | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">I\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>n San Diego’s City Heights neighborhood, one recent day, Rosemarthe Pierre, 37, was among dozens of immigrants spilling out the doors into the sunshine after morning English classes at the city’s College of Continuing Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pierre, an asylum seeker from Haiti, said she’s been studying here for a year and hopes learning English will help her find a job once her work permit is approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking through an interpreter in her native Haitian Creole, Pierre said she fled her country when it \u003ca href=\"https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2024/03/haiti-crisis-requires-international-condemnation-lasting-solutions/#:~:text=Haiti%20has%20been%20plunged%20into,such%20as%20ports%20and%20airports\">plunged into turmoil\u003c/a> following the assassination of President \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jovenel_Mo%C3%AFse\">Jovenel Moïse\u003c/a> in 2021. Gang members killed her husband before he could get out, but with the help of family, Pierre was able to bring her daughter, now 13, to the U.S., she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pierre and her daughter are among more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/national-media-release/cbp-releases-august-2024-monthly-update\">300,000\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://ohss.dhs.gov/topics/immigration/immigration-enforcement/immigration-enforcement-and-legal-processes-monthly#table-data-heading\">Haitians\u003c/a> who have been granted temporary humanitarian parole — and an opportunity to apply for asylum — in the U.S. since January 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority who come through Tijuana and San Diego travel on to jobs or loved ones in other cities, but a few thousand, including Pierre, are putting down roots here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet even as they work to build more secure new lives in the U.S., Haitians are confronting a new kind of crisis — the barrage of anti-immigrant rhetoric from the Republican presidential campaign of Donald Trump, who targeted Haitians in Ohio last month with outlandish and false accusations of eating other peoples’ pets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/newsnation/status/1841672076371099873?s=46&t=-Fryv-WUcoW_Mg1M5zBACQ\">Trump told NewsNation\u003c/a> that, if elected, he would revoke Temporary Protected Status, a humanitarian legal protection, and deport the Haitians living in Springfield, Ohio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Absolutely I’d revoke it,” he said. “What’s happening there is horrible … You have to remove the people. We cannot destroy our country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s attacks set Pierre on edge. And though his claim that Haitians were making meals of cats and dogs was patently untrue, she felt a need to rebut it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s something that I’ve never done. Never,” she said. “I don’t know where this comes from. But my parents raised me well. I would never in my life do something like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007792\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007792\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-72-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-72-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-72-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-72-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-72-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-72-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-72-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rosemarthe Pierre waits outside of San Diego Continuing Education’s Mid-City campus after attending English class on Sept. 19, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>‘The scars could take years to heal’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Across the street from the college, a cluster of Haitians gathered on their lunch breaks in the parking lot of El Super, a supermarket specializing in Latin American products. One man served up generous portions of rice and stewed crab from pots in the back of his minivan while others chatted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though it was weeks after Trump and his running mate, Sen. J.D. Vance, first made the anti-Haitian slurs, the men were still venting their frustration and fear, said Jeef Nelson, a community advocate with the nonprofit Haitian Bridge Alliance, who joined in the conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They feel hurt. They feel betrayed to hear speech like that coming out of the mouth of a presidential candidate,” Nelson said. “It’s going to have ugly repercussions on the Haitian population. And the scars could take years to heal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007784\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007784\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-19-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-19-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-19-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-19-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-19-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-19-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-19-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jeef Nelson (right) and David Boniface from the Haitian Bridge Alliance bring meals to migrants waiting for flights at San Diego International Airport on Sept. 16, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But Zachee St. Vil, a father of three with a small moving company in San Diego, said he’d lived through much worse. Standing in the shade, he chalked up Trump’s comments to electioneering and decided not to let it get to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s the Democrat and the Republican. One says one thing, and one says another,” said St. Vil, 52, speaking in Spanish. “But in a democracy, once the voting is over, the country unites and peace can return. We all need peace.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In St. Vil’s life, peace hasn’t always been a given. He said he left Haiti 25 years ago \u003ca href=\"https://1997-2001.state.gov/global/human_rights/1999_hrp_report/haiti.html\">when police violence and insecurity became intolerable\u003c/a>. For years, he made a home in Venezuela, but then that country, too, fell into economic and political collapse. So four years ago, he and his family journeyed on to California, crossing the border illegally. They eventually received protection from deportation and were given work permits — but no pathway to citizenship — under a humanitarian program called Temporary Protected Status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then tragedy struck. St. Vil’s son, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbs8.com/article/news/local/2-people-rescued-one-still-missing-mission-beach/509-68fde096-7ec8-4eec-a25e-df74f4b7fb38\">a popular and promising basketball player\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/california/article275277841.html\">drowned on a trip to the beach\u003c/a> just days after his high school graduation. Two years on, St. Vil is still gripped by grief. Yet he said he’s found San Diego to be a welcoming place that’s finally provided his family with a baseline of security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can build my business here. I feel safe to go outside at any hour,” he said. “Compared to other countries, it’s a lot better here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007794\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1333px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007794\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-74-KQED-e1727990802264.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1333\" height=\"983\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-74-KQED-e1727990802264.jpg 1333w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-74-KQED-e1727990802264-800x590.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-74-KQED-e1727990802264-1020x752.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-74-KQED-e1727990802264-160x118.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1333px) 100vw, 1333px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Zachee St. Vil, an immigrant from Haiti, stops by to see friends in San Diego’s City Heights neighborhood before starting work on Sept. 19, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Haitians have integrated\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But on the presidential campaign trail, Trump and Vance have not backed off their inflammatory, racialized claims that immigrants are “invading” and “poisoning the blood” of the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At rallies, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aTIxM7Kfh38\">Trump has declared\u003c/a> that immigrants are “attacking villages and towns” and that predominantly white Midwestern communities “will be transformed into a Third World hellhole.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego County Supervisor Nora Vargas calls that rhetoric “disgusting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Using this as a talking point to get votes, I think, signifies the racism that exists,” said Vargas, whose district hugs the border and includes City Heights, one of San Diego’s most diverse neighborhoods and home to a large share of immigrants and refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to set the record straight that Haitians who are in the United States have integrated,” she said. “They’re doing their work, they’re participating.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, at the U.S.–Mexico border, almost all Haitians are arriving legally through a process established last year by the Biden administration that lets migrants in Mexico make appointments on a cellphone app and be vetted by U.S. border officials for parole. Once in the U.S., they’re put into immigration court proceedings, where they can make a claim for asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007793\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007793\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-73-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-73-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-73-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-73-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-73-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-73-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-73-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alex, an immigrant from Haiti, prepares lunch for other Haitians in San Diego on Sept. 19, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Haiti, decades of political instability, dire poverty, natural disasters and weak civic institutions have led to a grave crisis, \u003ca href=\"https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2024/03/haiti-crisis-requires-international-condemnation-lasting-solutions/#:~:text=Haiti%20has%20been%20plunged%20into,such%20as%20ports%20and%20airports\">Amnesty International declared\u003c/a> this year. Criminal gangs now control most of Port au Prince and have unleashed terrifying violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not that people want to leave. But they cannot stay. They can’t see a future in such chaos,” said Nelson, of the Haitian Bridge Alliance. “It’s not safe. Everybody’s living day by day, knowing that the next day they might die.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nelson came to the U.S. in 2018 when he was invited to be a research assistant for a California professor he had met through his job as an office manager at a Haitian university. He said his six-month position was renewed, and he eventually was able to obtain a green card and U.S. citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now he works to support the Haitians who’ve settled in San Diego, as well as newly arrived migrants who are heading on to other destinations. (His organization, Haitian Bridge Alliance, also recently filed a criminal complaint in Ohio against Donald Trump over the incendiary pet-eating allegations.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/dam/sdc/hhsa/programs/hsec/oira/2024-2026%20Refugee%20Support%20Services%20Plan.pdf\">recent report (PDF)\u003c/a> on refugees and asylees in San Diego County found that between 2,700 and 4,700 Haitians had settled in the area between autumn of 2020 and summer of 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, not all the Haitians arriving at the border are entering the U.S. San Diego’s small Haitian community, which is mirrored by a similar one in Tijuana. An estimated 5,000 Haitians have settled there, beginning in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘My American dream has evaporated’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007785\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1333px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007785\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-48-KQED-e1727990650659.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1333\" height=\"1010\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-48-KQED-e1727990650659.jpg 1333w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-48-KQED-e1727990650659-800x606.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-48-KQED-e1727990650659-1020x773.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-48-KQED-e1727990650659-160x121.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1333px) 100vw, 1333px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vivianne Petit Frere looks out the entrance of her restaurant, Lakou Lakay, in Tijuana on Sept. 18, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of those is Vivianne Petit Frere. She left Haiti in 2019 when mass protests over skyrocketing fuel prices led to a political crisis and crackdown. She settled first in Brazil, then made it to Mexico in 2021. The journey — through 10 countries and across the perilous jungle of the Darien Gap — took five months, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We came here to cross into the U.S.,” she said. “You know everyone has their American dream.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, three years later, Petit Frere has put down roots and become an anchor of the Haitian community in Tijuana. She runs a restaurant downtown called Lakou Lakay. The phrase translates from Haitian Creole as the patio or courtyard of a home — a place for people to gather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Haitians are the best at cooking rice,” Petit Frere said, serving up a plate heaped with a rice and beans dish, fried chicken, fried green plantain and a spicy, pickled cabbage slaw called pikliz. “I want Mexicans to learn how delicious Haitian food is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007823\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2513px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007823\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2513\" height=\"833\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-2.jpg 2513w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-2-800x265.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-2-1020x338.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-2-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-2-1536x509.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-2-2048x679.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-2-1920x636.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2513px) 100vw, 2513px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Left: The restaurant Lakou Lakay serves Haitian food in Tijuana. Right: Vivianne Petit Frere completes school work from a table in her restaurant, Lakou Lakay, in Tijuana on Sept. 18, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The restaurant — with aqua green walls, bright yellow beams, blue chairs and photographs of Caribbean beaches — is not only a place for Mexicans to taste a bit of Haiti but also an informal gathering spot for Tijuana Haitians, who know they are welcome to come in and sit down, whether or not they order anything. It’s also Petit Frere’s informal office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m a mother, a businesswoman, a student and a social worker,” she said, opening up her laptop at a back table. Petit Frere is studying for a degree in social work at the University of Baja California. And she’s become the Tijuana community organizer for the Haitian Bridge Alliance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier that morning, she and her husband delivered a carload of diapers and other baby supplies to a maternal health clinic serving migrants of all backgrounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We help other community groups, and they help us,” she said. “We support them with donations, translation, whatever we can. And they provide things like health services and legal aid to Haitian migrants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007825\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2513px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007825\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2513\" height=\"833\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-1.jpg 2513w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-1-800x265.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-1-1020x338.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-1-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-1-1536x509.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-1-2048x679.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/HAITIANS-AT-THE-BORDER-DIPTYCH-1-1920x636.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2513px) 100vw, 2513px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Left: Vivianne Petit Frere drops off diapers at a women’s health clinic in Tijuana. Right: Petit Frere stops to speak with a friend outside of a women’s health care clinic in Tijuana on Sept. 18, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Petit Frere feels that Haitians are treated with respect in Tijuana, though she said the Mexican government is sometimes slow to respond to their needs. Still, she’s become a legal permanent resident of Mexico, a process that’s somewhat easier than in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tijuana is where she met her husband, Joseph Saint, who’s also from Haiti. Together, they’re raising three children from their past marriages. … and a toddler who was born in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My son, who was born in Haiti, came here as a small child, so now he behaves like a Mexican,” she said. “And I have my Mexican daughter as well, so I see myself as part of this community. My life is here now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007795\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007795\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-75-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-75-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-75-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-75-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-75-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-75-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/KQED-75-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joseph Saint, Vivianne Petit Frere’s husband, bargains with a salesman at his wife’s restaurant in Tijuana on Sept. 18, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zoë Meyers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, when she looks at the United States, she said she sees a presidential candidate stirring up fear and revulsion toward Haitian immigrants. And she sees a culture where people’s lives revolve around making money and chasing material things rather than building community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My American dream has evaporated,” she said. “The United States has so many contradictions. I realized that over there, you never really belong. … I feel more free here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "more-california-immigrants-are-eligible-for-medi-cal-but-some-are-hesitant-to-enroll",
"title": "More California Immigrants Are Eligible For Medi-Cal, but Some Are Hesitant to Enroll",
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"headTitle": "More California Immigrants Are Eligible For Medi-Cal, but Some Are Hesitant to Enroll | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">This story was produced by \u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org\">El Tímpano\u003c/a>\u003c/i>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">, a bilingual nonprofit news outlet that amplifies the voices of Latino and Mayan immigrants in Oakland and the wider Bay Area. The original version of the story can be found \u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org/health/lingering-fears-over-past-immigration-policies-are-fueling-a-reluctance-to-enroll-in-medi-cal\">here\u003c/a>\u003c/i>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]O[/dropcap]n a bright and early morning in Pittsburg, two women position themselves tactically outside the La Superior Mercados between the extra-large charcoal grill for roasting chicken and the rows of yellow-trimmed grocery carts. The supermarket is frequented by the area’s Latino community and anyone trying to get in or out this morning must pass the women first and hear their sales pitch. Their product should be easy to sell: free to low-cost health insurance for people with low incomes. But often, a surprising answer to their question, “Can we sign you up for Medi-Cal?” is “no.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The list of benefits a patient can receive with full-scope Medi-Cal for free or at low cost includes emergency services, maternity care, mental health and substance use disorder services, pediatric care, and more, the women explain to passers-by. Their enrollment services are offered for free through Monument Impact, a nonprofit organization in Contra Costa County that helps connect low-income immigrants to resources, they remind folks. Still, several of the shoppers, mostly Spanish-speaking Latinos, look at the women with skepticism as they make their pitch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medi-Cal expanded to include all qualifying adults regardless of immigration status in January 2024. This year’s expansion was the final phase of an eight-year effort to extend Medi-Cal to undocumented immigrants, first to children and pregnant women, then to children under 19, to young adults under 26, and to older adults over 50, as part of the state’s initiative to expand health care access to all Californians. The UC Berkeley Labor Center \u003ca href=\"https://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/californias-uninsured-in-2024/\">estimates\u003c/a> that close to one million undocumented Californians will have gained access to Medi-Cal through this expansion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judith Peralta and Mireya Robles said that at the start of the year, it was no problem engaging folks and encouraging them to sign up for the program. As \u003cem>promotoras de salud\u003c/em>, health promoters, Peralta and Robles serve as trusted messengers to connect their community to limited health insurance options available to low-income immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first few months of the year, the women saw a rush to apply for Medi-Cal—hundreds of people in the community were ready to enroll. But in recent months, they’ve found convincing people to sign up more challenging. Many of the people they encounter either already have Medi-Cal, know they don’t meet the income requirements to qualify for the program, or, in many cases, brush them off with a kind but adamant “no.” They’re afraid of Medi-Cal, the women say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s often men who have more fear, they’ll tell us ‘no, no,’” Peralta said in Spanish. “Like they’ll say it has something to do with immigration or it has to do with the government. Like they don’t want to give their name.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Distrust of government has long run deep in Latino immigrant communities but reached a low point in 2019. That’s when the Trump administration announced that using certain government benefits could prevent undocumented immigrants from ever qualifying for legal status. The Trump administration leaned on a category known as a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/green-card/green-card-processes-and-procedures/public-charge/public-charge-resources\">public charge\u003c/a>” to institute these changes. A public charge is an unauthorized immigrant who is likely to become dependent on government benefits. A designation of public charge jeopardizes an immigrant’s chances of securing legal status in the U.S. Before 2019, only using cash assistance for income like Temporary Assistance for Needy Families or needing long-term institutionalized care paid for by the government meant risking a designation of public charge from an immigration official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration expanded public charge to include Medicaid, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, housing assistance, energy assistance, child-care subsidies, and other benefits, according to the Migration Policy Institute, a nonpartisan research organization. Overnight, what was once an obscure set of bureaucratic rules became a household concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007441\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990928363_dcca480217_3k-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007441\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990928363_dcca480217_3k-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Three women sit at a table together in a building with a man sitting in a chair across from them.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1703\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990928363_dcca480217_3k-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990928363_dcca480217_3k-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990928363_dcca480217_3k-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990928363_dcca480217_3k-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990928363_dcca480217_3k-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990928363_dcca480217_3k-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990928363_dcca480217_3k-1920x1277.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Azucena Espinoza, a senior promotora at Monument Impact, registered walk-ins looking for help with their Medi-Cal application at Monument Impact’s offices in Antioch on Thursday, Sept. 5, 2024. \u003ccite>(Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Before 2019, “I actually had no clue of even the words ‘public charge,’” said Janet Anwar, registration services manager at Tiburcio Vasquez Health Center, a nonprofit East Bay health clinic. “It wasn’t a common word in our community, not until then. It brought a lot of concerns to our patients because there was a lot of miscommunication as to what was public charge, how it impacts immigration cases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the Trump public charge rules were only in effect for a short period and were reversed officially at the start of the Biden administration, researchers and immigrant advocates said the changes caused a long-lasting “chilling effect.” Experts say the Trump 2024 campaign has so far not mentioned public charge in its immigration agenda, but undocumented immigrants in California remain afraid, and that fear is preventing people from applying for the newly expanded Medi-Cal benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This better-safe-than-sorry mindset means that undocumented immigrants may go years without seeing a medical professional or end up with high out-of-pocket expenses when they do seek medical care. Without insurance, immigrants will \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/racial-equity-and-health-policy/fact-sheet/key-facts-on-health-coverage-of-immigrants/\">delay care\u003c/a> until their health condition is no longer tolerable or go without care entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We saw it all,” Anwar said, describing the years that followed Trump’s changes to public charge. “We saw patients not wanting to come in, not even for their appointments, thinking that just getting the services for their health care was going to affect them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People were also afraid to apply for benefits for their U.S.-born children, she added. “They even thought that that was going to affect them in some sort of way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an election year, with former President Donald Trump again on the ballot, many undocumented immigrants are expressing concern about a return of the expanded public charge rules and how the government might use their information should they apply for Medi-Cal without legal status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are afraid no matter what,” Azucena Espinoza, a senior \u003cem>promotora\u003c/em> with Monument Impact, explained in Spanish. “They say, ‘For what reason do they want all this information about us? So that tomorrow or the day after, they can use it [against us]?’ And they are right to feel that way because we know it could be Donald Trump. We don’t know what will happen, right?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007440\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990695216_ea9e0d141e_o-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007440\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990695216_ea9e0d141e_o-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A headshot of a woman wearing earrings and a drew with flower designs.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990695216_ea9e0d141e_o-scaled.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990695216_ea9e0d141e_o-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990695216_ea9e0d141e_o-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990695216_ea9e0d141e_o-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990695216_ea9e0d141e_o-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990695216_ea9e0d141e_o-1536x2048.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Azucena Espinoza, a senior promotora at Monument Impact, registered walk-ins looking for help with their Medi-Cal application at Monument Impact’s offices in Antioch on Thursday, Sept. 5, 2024. \u003ccite>(Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The ‘chilling effect’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The concept of public charge has existed in U.S. immigration policy for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/racial-equity-and-health-policy/issue-brief/2022-changes-to-the-public-charge-inadmissibility-rule-and-the-implications-for-health-care/\">more than a century\u003c/a>. From 1999 to 2019, the share of undocumented immigrants who could be considered a public charge was 3%, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://latino.ucla.edu/research/lessons-2022-adult-medical-expansion/\">UCLA Latino Policy and Politics Institute\u003c/a> (LPPI), because the number of social programs an unauthorized immigrant would need to use in order to be deemed a public charge was limited. When the Trump administration expanded that list to include more social programs, the share of undocumented immigrants who could be considered a public charge rose to 47%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applications for Medicaid immediately declined following the Trump administration’s changes to public charge, according to the UCLA researchers. They found that 17% of undocumented immigrants avoided any public benefits enrollment in 2019. Mixed-status households also avoided applying for public benefits for fear of jeopardizing their undocumented loved ones, or immigrant parents of U.S.-born children avoided signing their children up for health benefits for fear it would negatively impact the family’s position in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the Trump administration’s changes were challenged in court and ultimately were reversed in 2021, UCLA researchers have found evidence that the “chilling effect” lingers years later. When, in 2023, the UCLA researchers began studying California’s expansion of Medi-Cal to undocumented immigrants, fear of public charge came up again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Immigration status continues to be a barrier for folks to enroll in Medi-Cal,” said Lucía Félix Beltrán, senior research fellow at LPPI. “There is still a fair amount of work to be done around public charge. That’s where partnering with community organizations comes in. But even then it’s like, these decisions are made at the household level. It doesn’t matter how many organizations get involved or how many flyers you give out or how many briefs you publish. These decisions are made within households and that’s where it gets kind of tricky.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to El Tímpano, a California Department of Health Care Services spokesperson said the agency is “unable to speculate about the potential impact of future public charge rule changes.” They added, however, that “California law strictly protects personal information, including immigration status, ensuring confidentiality for all applicants. If an individual does not have satisfactory immigration status and applies for Medi-Cal, California does not share their immigration status with the federal government, and the federal government does not have access to state-owned data.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Changing minds\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Changing minds when the perceived risk is so high is a challenge for the nonprofits tasked with informing community members about Medi-Cal and public charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DHCS website includes \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/services/medi-cal/eligibility/Documents/SPAN-Medi-Cal-Expansion-FAQ.pdf\">information in Spanish\u003c/a> that reminds interested Medi-Cal applicants that their information will not be shared with federal immigration enforcement agencies. All dollars spent on the expansion of Medi-Cal to undocumented people come from state funding. Regardless, other than long-term institutionalized care paid for by the government—nursing home or mental health institution care are examples, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/green-card/green-card-processes-and-procedures/public-charge/public-charge-resources\">U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services\u003c/a>—Medi-Cal is exempt from the public charge rule. (According to DHCS, short-term institutional care like rehabilitation, respite care or treatment for behavioral or substance use disorder issues are not considered subject to public charge review).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, for advice on navigating public charge and Medi-Cal, DHCS said to speak to certified nonprofit organizations—the agency cannot directly answer questions on this topic. Among those certified nonprofits is the Multicultural Institute, which provides immigrant families with health, immigration and labor resources at their three locations across the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blocks surrounding the Multicultural Institute in Berkeley are lined with day laborers, immigrant men looking for whatever work they can find in construction or other household jobs. Outreach workers from the organization spend mornings canvassing the blocks to talk to the men and see what they might need, whether it’s food from their pantry or Medi-Cal coverage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have any lawyers here, but we do our best” to address public charge questions, said Daniela Gonzalez-Perez, Health and Engagement Manager at the Multicultural Institute, who added that they do still often hear concerns, the aftermath of what life was like during the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007438\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53955177560_6ab629b4a7_3k-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007438\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53955177560_6ab629b4a7_3k-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A woman with glasses and a white flowery shirt stands outside near plants.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1703\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53955177560_6ab629b4a7_3k-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53955177560_6ab629b4a7_3k-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53955177560_6ab629b4a7_3k-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53955177560_6ab629b4a7_3k-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53955177560_6ab629b4a7_3k-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53955177560_6ab629b4a7_3k-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53955177560_6ab629b4a7_3k-1920x1277.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daniela Gonzalez-Perez, Health and Engagement Manager at the Multicultural Institute says the community of immigrant families and individuals they serve worry about another Trump Administration, photographed on Thursday, Aug. 15, 2024. \u003ccite>(Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There was “a lot of fear of deportation, you know, just a fear of the reality that we were living in under Trump’s America and his hate or disdain for the immigrant community,” she said. “There’s a lot of uncertainty still of what would actually happen if they apply for benefits…If they are super, super concerned then we would refer them out to a partner organization that handles immigration cases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What many health and immigrant advocates hear frequently, according to interviews with El Tímpano, is that undocumented immigrants will avoid public benefits and delay seeing a doctor or medical professional for years, until their needs are dire and have to go to an emergency room.[aside postID=\"news_11998034,news_11991442\" label=\"Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are people out there who said…that immigrants use way too much public benefits and it’s just not true based on the numbers,” said Valerie Lacarte, a senior policy analyst with the Migration Policy Institute who studied immigrant participation in government programs like Medicaid. When comparing low-income U.S. citizens with low-income non-citizens, usage of public benefits dips. In the vast majority of the U.S., most undocumented immigrants do not qualify for Medicaid—California is an exception. However, when comparing the U.S.-born low-income population and immigrants who are federally eligible for Medicaid, participation in the program was at 76% for citizens and 66% for non-citizens, \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/sites/default/files/publications/mpi-hsi_medicaid-brief_final.pdf\">according to MPI\u003c/a>. Fears of participating in government programs may depress participation, the researchers found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helping undocumented immigrants in California overcome that fear can be an uphill battle for the \u003cem>promotoras\u003c/em> tasked with connecting their community with Medi-Cal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a man who we were trying to get to sign up for Medi-Cal, and he said no because Trump will just take it away,” Robles said in Spanish, laughing about it with Peralta in front of the La Superior grocery store in Pittsburgh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Little by little, people start trusting us since they’ll see us so often,” she added. “At first it was like no one wanted to [enroll], like they didn’t trust us much. But now, since we’re out here so often…people will recognize us, and they’ll say, ‘Oh, you are the women from Medi-Cal’—they’ll recognize us and start sharing their problems.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007442\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53991008254_4b67325eb8_o-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007442\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53991008254_4b67325eb8_o-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Two women wearing black t-shirts and hats talk to two men outside a building as another man walks past pushing a shopping cart.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1703\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53991008254_4b67325eb8_o-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53991008254_4b67325eb8_o-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53991008254_4b67325eb8_o-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53991008254_4b67325eb8_o-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53991008254_4b67325eb8_o-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53991008254_4b67325eb8_o-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53991008254_4b67325eb8_o-1920x1277.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mireya Robles and her colleague Judith Peralta distribute information to Spanish-speaking Latinos outside of La Superior Mercados in Pittsburg on Thursday, Sept. 5, 2024. Robles and her colleague listened to stories of personal health concerns, employment and income to help people determine what the best possible route to attaining health care coverage looks like in their individual situation. \u003ccite>(Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Robles, herself undocumented, recently obtained Medi-Cal this year through the latest expansion of the program. She’ll often share her own experience with people who express fear over public charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re here to convince them,” she said. “Look, this is very important for you, for your health…This doesn’t hurt, on the contrary, it helps.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many cases, their efforts are successful. A few miles away at the Monument Impact office in Antioch, Espinoza, the senior \u003cem>promotora\u003c/em> for the organization, helps to organize the day’s appointments for immigrants to sit with a member of the team and work on their Medi-Cal application together. Some of the people in the waiting room are walk-ins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are some people who cannot be convinced,” Espinoza said, “but others can be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the end of the day, 13 new people were enrolled in Medi-Cal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jasmine Aguilera is participating in the Journalism & Women Symposium’s Health Journalism Fellowship, supported by The Commonwealth Fund.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Though the restrictive Trump-era public charge rule is no longer in place, it’s left people wary of signing up for newly expanded health benefits.",
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"title": "More California Immigrants Are Eligible For Medi-Cal, but Some Are Hesitant to Enroll | KQED",
"description": "Though the restrictive Trump-era public charge rule is no longer in place, it’s left people wary of signing up for newly expanded health benefits.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">This story was produced by \u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org\">El Tímpano\u003c/a>\u003c/i>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">, a bilingual nonprofit news outlet that amplifies the voices of Latino and Mayan immigrants in Oakland and the wider Bay Area. The original version of the story can be found \u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org/health/lingering-fears-over-past-immigration-policies-are-fueling-a-reluctance-to-enroll-in-medi-cal\">here\u003c/a>\u003c/i>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">O\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>n a bright and early morning in Pittsburg, two women position themselves tactically outside the La Superior Mercados between the extra-large charcoal grill for roasting chicken and the rows of yellow-trimmed grocery carts. The supermarket is frequented by the area’s Latino community and anyone trying to get in or out this morning must pass the women first and hear their sales pitch. Their product should be easy to sell: free to low-cost health insurance for people with low incomes. But often, a surprising answer to their question, “Can we sign you up for Medi-Cal?” is “no.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The list of benefits a patient can receive with full-scope Medi-Cal for free or at low cost includes emergency services, maternity care, mental health and substance use disorder services, pediatric care, and more, the women explain to passers-by. Their enrollment services are offered for free through Monument Impact, a nonprofit organization in Contra Costa County that helps connect low-income immigrants to resources, they remind folks. Still, several of the shoppers, mostly Spanish-speaking Latinos, look at the women with skepticism as they make their pitch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Medi-Cal expanded to include all qualifying adults regardless of immigration status in January 2024. This year’s expansion was the final phase of an eight-year effort to extend Medi-Cal to undocumented immigrants, first to children and pregnant women, then to children under 19, to young adults under 26, and to older adults over 50, as part of the state’s initiative to expand health care access to all Californians. The UC Berkeley Labor Center \u003ca href=\"https://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/californias-uninsured-in-2024/\">estimates\u003c/a> that close to one million undocumented Californians will have gained access to Medi-Cal through this expansion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judith Peralta and Mireya Robles said that at the start of the year, it was no problem engaging folks and encouraging them to sign up for the program. As \u003cem>promotoras de salud\u003c/em>, health promoters, Peralta and Robles serve as trusted messengers to connect their community to limited health insurance options available to low-income immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first few months of the year, the women saw a rush to apply for Medi-Cal—hundreds of people in the community were ready to enroll. But in recent months, they’ve found convincing people to sign up more challenging. Many of the people they encounter either already have Medi-Cal, know they don’t meet the income requirements to qualify for the program, or, in many cases, brush them off with a kind but adamant “no.” They’re afraid of Medi-Cal, the women say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s often men who have more fear, they’ll tell us ‘no, no,’” Peralta said in Spanish. “Like they’ll say it has something to do with immigration or it has to do with the government. Like they don’t want to give their name.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Distrust of government has long run deep in Latino immigrant communities but reached a low point in 2019. That’s when the Trump administration announced that using certain government benefits could prevent undocumented immigrants from ever qualifying for legal status. The Trump administration leaned on a category known as a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/green-card/green-card-processes-and-procedures/public-charge/public-charge-resources\">public charge\u003c/a>” to institute these changes. A public charge is an unauthorized immigrant who is likely to become dependent on government benefits. A designation of public charge jeopardizes an immigrant’s chances of securing legal status in the U.S. Before 2019, only using cash assistance for income like Temporary Assistance for Needy Families or needing long-term institutionalized care paid for by the government meant risking a designation of public charge from an immigration official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration expanded public charge to include Medicaid, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, housing assistance, energy assistance, child-care subsidies, and other benefits, according to the Migration Policy Institute, a nonpartisan research organization. Overnight, what was once an obscure set of bureaucratic rules became a household concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007441\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990928363_dcca480217_3k-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007441\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990928363_dcca480217_3k-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Three women sit at a table together in a building with a man sitting in a chair across from them.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1703\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990928363_dcca480217_3k-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990928363_dcca480217_3k-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990928363_dcca480217_3k-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990928363_dcca480217_3k-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990928363_dcca480217_3k-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990928363_dcca480217_3k-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990928363_dcca480217_3k-1920x1277.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Azucena Espinoza, a senior promotora at Monument Impact, registered walk-ins looking for help with their Medi-Cal application at Monument Impact’s offices in Antioch on Thursday, Sept. 5, 2024. \u003ccite>(Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Before 2019, “I actually had no clue of even the words ‘public charge,’” said Janet Anwar, registration services manager at Tiburcio Vasquez Health Center, a nonprofit East Bay health clinic. “It wasn’t a common word in our community, not until then. It brought a lot of concerns to our patients because there was a lot of miscommunication as to what was public charge, how it impacts immigration cases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the Trump public charge rules were only in effect for a short period and were reversed officially at the start of the Biden administration, researchers and immigrant advocates said the changes caused a long-lasting “chilling effect.” Experts say the Trump 2024 campaign has so far not mentioned public charge in its immigration agenda, but undocumented immigrants in California remain afraid, and that fear is preventing people from applying for the newly expanded Medi-Cal benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This better-safe-than-sorry mindset means that undocumented immigrants may go years without seeing a medical professional or end up with high out-of-pocket expenses when they do seek medical care. Without insurance, immigrants will \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/racial-equity-and-health-policy/fact-sheet/key-facts-on-health-coverage-of-immigrants/\">delay care\u003c/a> until their health condition is no longer tolerable or go without care entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We saw it all,” Anwar said, describing the years that followed Trump’s changes to public charge. “We saw patients not wanting to come in, not even for their appointments, thinking that just getting the services for their health care was going to affect them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People were also afraid to apply for benefits for their U.S.-born children, she added. “They even thought that that was going to affect them in some sort of way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an election year, with former President Donald Trump again on the ballot, many undocumented immigrants are expressing concern about a return of the expanded public charge rules and how the government might use their information should they apply for Medi-Cal without legal status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are afraid no matter what,” Azucena Espinoza, a senior \u003cem>promotora\u003c/em> with Monument Impact, explained in Spanish. “They say, ‘For what reason do they want all this information about us? So that tomorrow or the day after, they can use it [against us]?’ And they are right to feel that way because we know it could be Donald Trump. We don’t know what will happen, right?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007440\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990695216_ea9e0d141e_o-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007440\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990695216_ea9e0d141e_o-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A headshot of a woman wearing earrings and a drew with flower designs.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2560\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990695216_ea9e0d141e_o-scaled.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990695216_ea9e0d141e_o-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990695216_ea9e0d141e_o-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990695216_ea9e0d141e_o-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990695216_ea9e0d141e_o-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53990695216_ea9e0d141e_o-1536x2048.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Azucena Espinoza, a senior promotora at Monument Impact, registered walk-ins looking for help with their Medi-Cal application at Monument Impact’s offices in Antioch on Thursday, Sept. 5, 2024. \u003ccite>(Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The ‘chilling effect’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The concept of public charge has existed in U.S. immigration policy for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/racial-equity-and-health-policy/issue-brief/2022-changes-to-the-public-charge-inadmissibility-rule-and-the-implications-for-health-care/\">more than a century\u003c/a>. From 1999 to 2019, the share of undocumented immigrants who could be considered a public charge was 3%, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://latino.ucla.edu/research/lessons-2022-adult-medical-expansion/\">UCLA Latino Policy and Politics Institute\u003c/a> (LPPI), because the number of social programs an unauthorized immigrant would need to use in order to be deemed a public charge was limited. When the Trump administration expanded that list to include more social programs, the share of undocumented immigrants who could be considered a public charge rose to 47%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applications for Medicaid immediately declined following the Trump administration’s changes to public charge, according to the UCLA researchers. They found that 17% of undocumented immigrants avoided any public benefits enrollment in 2019. Mixed-status households also avoided applying for public benefits for fear of jeopardizing their undocumented loved ones, or immigrant parents of U.S.-born children avoided signing their children up for health benefits for fear it would negatively impact the family’s position in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the Trump administration’s changes were challenged in court and ultimately were reversed in 2021, UCLA researchers have found evidence that the “chilling effect” lingers years later. When, in 2023, the UCLA researchers began studying California’s expansion of Medi-Cal to undocumented immigrants, fear of public charge came up again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Immigration status continues to be a barrier for folks to enroll in Medi-Cal,” said Lucía Félix Beltrán, senior research fellow at LPPI. “There is still a fair amount of work to be done around public charge. That’s where partnering with community organizations comes in. But even then it’s like, these decisions are made at the household level. It doesn’t matter how many organizations get involved or how many flyers you give out or how many briefs you publish. These decisions are made within households and that’s where it gets kind of tricky.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to El Tímpano, a California Department of Health Care Services spokesperson said the agency is “unable to speculate about the potential impact of future public charge rule changes.” They added, however, that “California law strictly protects personal information, including immigration status, ensuring confidentiality for all applicants. If an individual does not have satisfactory immigration status and applies for Medi-Cal, California does not share their immigration status with the federal government, and the federal government does not have access to state-owned data.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Changing minds\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Changing minds when the perceived risk is so high is a challenge for the nonprofits tasked with informing community members about Medi-Cal and public charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DHCS website includes \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/services/medi-cal/eligibility/Documents/SPAN-Medi-Cal-Expansion-FAQ.pdf\">information in Spanish\u003c/a> that reminds interested Medi-Cal applicants that their information will not be shared with federal immigration enforcement agencies. All dollars spent on the expansion of Medi-Cal to undocumented people come from state funding. Regardless, other than long-term institutionalized care paid for by the government—nursing home or mental health institution care are examples, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/green-card/green-card-processes-and-procedures/public-charge/public-charge-resources\">U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services\u003c/a>—Medi-Cal is exempt from the public charge rule. (According to DHCS, short-term institutional care like rehabilitation, respite care or treatment for behavioral or substance use disorder issues are not considered subject to public charge review).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, for advice on navigating public charge and Medi-Cal, DHCS said to speak to certified nonprofit organizations—the agency cannot directly answer questions on this topic. Among those certified nonprofits is the Multicultural Institute, which provides immigrant families with health, immigration and labor resources at their three locations across the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blocks surrounding the Multicultural Institute in Berkeley are lined with day laborers, immigrant men looking for whatever work they can find in construction or other household jobs. Outreach workers from the organization spend mornings canvassing the blocks to talk to the men and see what they might need, whether it’s food from their pantry or Medi-Cal coverage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have any lawyers here, but we do our best” to address public charge questions, said Daniela Gonzalez-Perez, Health and Engagement Manager at the Multicultural Institute, who added that they do still often hear concerns, the aftermath of what life was like during the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007438\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53955177560_6ab629b4a7_3k-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007438\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53955177560_6ab629b4a7_3k-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A woman with glasses and a white flowery shirt stands outside near plants.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1703\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53955177560_6ab629b4a7_3k-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53955177560_6ab629b4a7_3k-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53955177560_6ab629b4a7_3k-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53955177560_6ab629b4a7_3k-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53955177560_6ab629b4a7_3k-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53955177560_6ab629b4a7_3k-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53955177560_6ab629b4a7_3k-1920x1277.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daniela Gonzalez-Perez, Health and Engagement Manager at the Multicultural Institute says the community of immigrant families and individuals they serve worry about another Trump Administration, photographed on Thursday, Aug. 15, 2024. \u003ccite>(Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There was “a lot of fear of deportation, you know, just a fear of the reality that we were living in under Trump’s America and his hate or disdain for the immigrant community,” she said. “There’s a lot of uncertainty still of what would actually happen if they apply for benefits…If they are super, super concerned then we would refer them out to a partner organization that handles immigration cases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What many health and immigrant advocates hear frequently, according to interviews with El Tímpano, is that undocumented immigrants will avoid public benefits and delay seeing a doctor or medical professional for years, until their needs are dire and have to go to an emergency room.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are people out there who said…that immigrants use way too much public benefits and it’s just not true based on the numbers,” said Valerie Lacarte, a senior policy analyst with the Migration Policy Institute who studied immigrant participation in government programs like Medicaid. When comparing low-income U.S. citizens with low-income non-citizens, usage of public benefits dips. In the vast majority of the U.S., most undocumented immigrants do not qualify for Medicaid—California is an exception. However, when comparing the U.S.-born low-income population and immigrants who are federally eligible for Medicaid, participation in the program was at 76% for citizens and 66% for non-citizens, \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/sites/default/files/publications/mpi-hsi_medicaid-brief_final.pdf\">according to MPI\u003c/a>. Fears of participating in government programs may depress participation, the researchers found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helping undocumented immigrants in California overcome that fear can be an uphill battle for the \u003cem>promotoras\u003c/em> tasked with connecting their community with Medi-Cal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a man who we were trying to get to sign up for Medi-Cal, and he said no because Trump will just take it away,” Robles said in Spanish, laughing about it with Peralta in front of the La Superior grocery store in Pittsburgh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Little by little, people start trusting us since they’ll see us so often,” she added. “At first it was like no one wanted to [enroll], like they didn’t trust us much. But now, since we’re out here so often…people will recognize us, and they’ll say, ‘Oh, you are the women from Medi-Cal’—they’ll recognize us and start sharing their problems.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007442\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53991008254_4b67325eb8_o-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007442\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53991008254_4b67325eb8_o-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Two women wearing black t-shirts and hats talk to two men outside a building as another man walks past pushing a shopping cart.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1703\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53991008254_4b67325eb8_o-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53991008254_4b67325eb8_o-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53991008254_4b67325eb8_o-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53991008254_4b67325eb8_o-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53991008254_4b67325eb8_o-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53991008254_4b67325eb8_o-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/53991008254_4b67325eb8_o-1920x1277.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mireya Robles and her colleague Judith Peralta distribute information to Spanish-speaking Latinos outside of La Superior Mercados in Pittsburg on Thursday, Sept. 5, 2024. Robles and her colleague listened to stories of personal health concerns, employment and income to help people determine what the best possible route to attaining health care coverage looks like in their individual situation. \u003ccite>(Hiram Alejandro Durán for El Tímpano/CatchLight Local/Report for America corps member)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Robles, herself undocumented, recently obtained Medi-Cal this year through the latest expansion of the program. She’ll often share her own experience with people who express fear over public charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re here to convince them,” she said. “Look, this is very important for you, for your health…This doesn’t hurt, on the contrary, it helps.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many cases, their efforts are successful. A few miles away at the Monument Impact office in Antioch, Espinoza, the senior \u003cem>promotora\u003c/em> for the organization, helps to organize the day’s appointments for immigrants to sit with a member of the team and work on their Medi-Cal application together. Some of the people in the waiting room are walk-ins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are some people who cannot be convinced,” Espinoza said, “but others can be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the end of the day, 13 new people were enrolled in Medi-Cal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Jasmine Aguilera is participating in the Journalism & Women Symposium’s Health Journalism Fellowship, supported by The Commonwealth Fund.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "fact-check-reveals-trumps-inaccurate-claims-about-california-and-kamala-harris",
"title": "Fact-Check Reveals Trump's Inaccurate Claims About California and Kamala Harris",
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"headTitle": "Fact-Check Reveals Trump’s Inaccurate Claims About California and Kamala Harris | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Overlooking the Pacific Ocean from his \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2024-09-13/trump-golf-course-rancho-palos-verdes-landslides\">own golf course in Rancho Palos Verdes\u003c/a>, former president Donald Trump praised his California property as one of the most beautiful in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rest of the state, however, is being destroyed by rampant crime, sweeping homelessness and unauthorized immigrants — and it’s spurring a mass exodus, Trump said at a press conference today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The state of California is a mess,” said Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We cannot allow Comrade Kamala Harris and the communist left to do to America what they did to California,” said the former president, who had held a fundraiser in Los Angeles on Thursday night and plans one later today in the Bay Area community of Woodside to cash in on \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/elections/2024/07/kamala-harris-donald-trump-campaign-money-california/\">California’s lucrative trove of donors\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attacking California is something Trump didn’t even do once in his first — and \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/meridithmcgraw/status/1834311545729225026\">he says only\u003c/a> — presidential debate with Vice President Kamala Harris Tuesday night in Philadelphia. Political experts perceived it as a missed opportunity: After all, his allies have for decades decried California as too liberal for the rest of the nation — \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/elections/2024/08/kamala-harris-california-record-democrats/\">partly why there has never been a California Democrat elected president\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The jury is still out on how much Harris’ California ties could hurt her chance among undecided voters. For most Michigan and Arizona voters who spoke to CalMatters last month, Harris’ record in the White House \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/elections/2024/08/kamala-harris-california-record-democrats/\">mattered more\u003c/a> than her California brand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, who repeatedly mispronounced Harris’s first name, also blamed Harris for federal economic and border policies and insisted he outperformed her \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletter/presidential-debate-kamala-harris-donald-trump/\">during the debate\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Harris campaign’s rapid response team \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/KamalaHQ\">posted about some of Trump’s statements\u003c/a>, but has not directly responded to what he said about her record or her home state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How much of the many, many things Trump said about California and Harris’ record is accurate? Here’s our fact check on some notable claims:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>State of the state\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Trump said\u003c/strong>:\u003cbr>\n“California has the highest inflation, highest taxes, the highest gas prices, the most illegal aliens, the most regulations, the most expensive utilities, and it ranks as the third worst state to start a business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Facts\u003c/strong>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Inflation\u003c/strong>: Inflation rates fluctuate month to month. Florida had the highest inflation at 4% as of March, while California had the seventh highest, at 3.6%, according to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2024/04/09/states-highest-lowest-inflation/73184932007/\">analysis of the Bureau of Labor Statistics data\u003c/a> by Moody’s Analytics. Even according to U.S. Senate Republicans’ own inflation tracker, as of August, \u003ca href=\"https://www.jec.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/republicans/california-inflation-report/\">California\u003c/a> ranked 5th for increased monthly inflation costs since January 2021 and had a cumulative inflation rate lower than Florida and \u003ca href=\"https://www.jec.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/republicans/state-inflation-tracker\">other states in the West region\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Taxes:\u003c/strong> California does have the highest state sales tax at 7.25%, but \u003ca href=\"https://taxfoundation.org/data/all/state/2024-sales-taxes/\">ranks 8th\u003c/a> in total state and local sales tax rates this year, according to the Tax Foundation. California’s property tax rate is at 0.75%, \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/mortgages/property-tax-by-state\">the 34th highest\u003c/a> of all 50 states. The state also has a progressive income tax rate while other states have a flat rate for all.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Gas prices\u003c/strong>: It is true. California does have the highest gas price of all states, at $4.76 a gallon as of today, \u003ca href=\"https://gasprices.aaa.com/?state=CA\">according to the AAA\u003c/a>. The national average is $3.23.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Unauthorized immigrants\u003c/strong>: California is estimated to have the largest population of undocumented immigrants, at \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2024/07/22/what-we-know-about-unauthorized-immigrants-living-in-the-us/\">1.8 million\u003c/a>, based on a Pew Research Center estimate of 2022 Census figures. But California is also the only state where that population decreased from 2019 to 2022, while the populations in Republican-led Florida and Texas grew the most.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Utility rates\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/epm_table_grapher.php?t=epmt_5_6_a\">As of June\u003c/a>, Hawaii — not California — had the highest electricity rates, averaging 42.4 cents per kilowatt hour for residential customers, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration. In California, residential customers paid an average of 33.0 cents per kilowatt hour. \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/home-improvement/living/monthly-utility-costs-by-state/#states_with_the_most_expensive_utilities_section\">A Forbes analysis\u003c/a> of monthly utility bills by state ranked Alaska the most expensive, followed by Hawaii, Connecticut, West Virginia and Georgia.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Worst state to start a business\u003c/strong>: It depends which ranking you look at, but \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/best-states-to-start-a-business/#state_by_state_ranking_the_best_states_to_start_a_business_section\">according to Forbes\u003c/a>, California is the 37th best state to start a business this year.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch3>Crime in California\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Trump said:\u003c/strong> Trump blamed the “destruction” of San Francisco on Gov. Gavin Newsom and Harris. He said murders rose “significantly” and car thefts “went through the roof” while Harris was state attorney general. He argued that Harris was lenient in prosecuting several cases, that she had endorsed defunding the police and that “the police don’t endorse her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Facts:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Crime stats\u003c/strong>: When Harris was California attorney general between 2011 and 2017, homicide rates fluctuated, with an average of 1,819 homicides — or 4.7 per 100,000 people — each year, according to \u003ca href=\"https://data-openjustice.doj.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2023-06/Crime%20In%20CA%202022f.pdf\">the state Department of Justice\u003c/a>. Vehicle thefts ebbed and flowed, averaging 164,000 or 424.9 per 100,000 people. Both rates were far lower than during the 1990s.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Leniency\u003c/strong>: Despite claims she’s soft on crime, Harris has a mixed record. As a local prosecutor, Harris \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/elections/2024/08/kamala-harris-prosecutor-california-san-francisco/\">did not pursue the death penalty against a cop killer\u003c/a> — a case Trump used during the press conference to justify his claim. But years later, Harris prosecuted a woman with mental illness for assaulting police officers. As California’s attorney general, Harris defended \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/elections/2024/08/kamala-harris-prosecutor-california-san-francisco/\">the state’s death penalty\u003c/a> even though she personally opposed it. Harris remained neutral on various ballot measures about reducing penalties for low-level offenses and \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2024/07/29/kamala-harris-california-criminal-justice-00171490\">allowing earlier release for more offenders\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Defund the police\u003c/strong>: It is true that Harris \u003ca href=\"https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2024/jul/30/donald-trump/fact-checking-trumps-false-statement-that-kamala-h/\">expressed support for redirecting some money\u003c/a> and “reimagining” public safety during her 2020 presidential campaign, weeks after George Floyd was murdered by a police officer in Minneapolis, sparking waves of protests against law enforcement. “This whole movement is about rightly saying, we need to take a look at these budgets and figure out whether it reflects the right priorities,” she said at the time. After President Joe Biden tapped her as his running mate, however, she denounced the “defund” movement.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Police endorsements\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/4865127-law-enforcement-endorse-kamala-harris/\">More than 100 law enforcement officials\u003c/a> — including sheriffs, former and current police chiefs and FBI agents — endorsed Harris last week.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12004813\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/091024_PresidentialDebate_FM_CM-04-scaled-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12004813\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/091024_PresidentialDebate_FM_CM-04-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"Several people are seating facing a split screen showing a man and woman.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1708\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/091024_PresidentialDebate_FM_CM-04-scaled-1.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/091024_PresidentialDebate_FM_CM-04-scaled-1-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/091024_PresidentialDebate_FM_CM-04-scaled-1-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/091024_PresidentialDebate_FM_CM-04-scaled-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/091024_PresidentialDebate_FM_CM-04-scaled-1-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/091024_PresidentialDebate_FM_CM-04-scaled-1-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/091024_PresidentialDebate_FM_CM-04-scaled-1-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People watch the presidential debate between former President Donald Trump and Vice President Kamala Harris at KQED headquarters in San Francisco on Sept. 10, 2024. \u003ccite>(Florence Middleton/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Immigration and the border\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Trump said:\u003c/strong> He lambasted Harris for supporting “sanctuary cities” for undocumented immigrants while she was San Francisco’s district attorney, claiming she shielded “illegal aliens” who committed murders and refused to deport them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Facts:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Sanctuary city policy\u003c/strong>: The San Francisco city ordinance — which prevented officials from handing over unauthorized migrants to Immigration and Customs Enforcement even if they committed a felony — \u003ca href=\"https://www.factcheck.org/2024/08/trumps-false-and-misleading-claims-about-harris-record-on-crime/\">dates to 1985\u003c/a>. It was originally aimed at protecting asylum seekers from El Salvador and Guatemala, but was extended in 1989 to cover all immigrants. Harris — who was district attorney from 2004 to 2011 — \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/11/politics/kfile-kamala-harris-undocumented-juveniles/index.html\">supported changing the policy\u003c/a> to report undocumented immigrants arrested on suspicion of a felony in 2008.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Prosecuting unauthorized immigrants\u003c/strong>: Trump said Harris offered sanctuary in 2008 to Edwin Ramos, a Salvadoran migrant who was charged with three counts of murder and who had prior convictions for assault and attempted robbery. Similarly, Trump mentioned the case of Rony Aguilera, a Honduran immigrant who murdered a 14-year-old boy in 2008. It is true city officials did not turn him over to federal agents at the time — under the sanctuary city policy that Harris helped change that year. Ramos was \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/SF-killer-Edwin-Ramos-sentenced-in-triple-slaying-3625545.php\">sentenced to life in prison in 2014\u003c/a>, and Aguilera was sentenced to 40 years to life in prison \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/s-f-gang-member-sentenced-in-teen-s-slaying-4847595.php\">in 2013\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch3>Homelessness\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Trump said:\u003c/strong> “After Kamala Harris and Gavin Newscum took charge of San Francisco, homelessness increased by over 200%.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Facts:\u003c/strong> Homelessness has grown in California, but not by that much. From 2007 to 2023, the number of people experiencing homelessness grew \u003ca href=\"https://www.huduser.gov/portal/sites/default/files/pdf/2023-AHAR-Part-1.pdf\">by 30.5%\u003c/a>, according to a report to Congress. In San Francisco, the point-in-time count of homeless people this year reached the lowest level since 2015, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sf.gov/news/new-data-san-francisco-street-homelessness-hits-10-year-low\">according to the city\u003c/a>. Nearly 186,000 Californians live on the streets or homeless shelters, up 8% from 2022, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/homelessness/2024/09/pit-count-analysis-2024/\">according to a new CalMatters analysis\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://shou.senate.ca.gov/sites/shou.senate.ca.gov/files/Homelessness%20in%20CA%202023%20Numbers%20-%201.2024.pdf\">As of last year\u003c/a>, California accounted for nearly 30% of the nation’s homeless population and roughly half of the unsheltered population. [aside postID=\"forum_2010101907043,news_12000992,news_12004347\" label=\"Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>California exodus\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Trump said\u003c/strong>: He claimed the state has the most number of people leaving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Facts: \u003c/strong>It is true that California \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023/population-trends-return-to-pre-pandemic-norms.html\">shed the most people\u003c/a> last year — 75,423, according to the Census Bureau. But it’s not just a California problem: \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/population-map-reveals-states-growing-shrinking-1893641#:~:text=The%20states%20that%20lost%20the,same%20reasons%2C%22%20Poston%20said.\">New York\u003c/a> lost the most population between 2020 and 2022, losing 2.6% of its population, according to Census data. The \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletters/whatmatters/2023/02/california-population-exodus-housing/\">reasons for California’s shrinking population\u003c/a> are complicated: Some died, some moved to other states due to the high cost of living, and some left the country altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s note: This story has been updated to clarify California’s crime rates.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Donald Trump didn’t attack California or Kamala Harris’s home-state record during their presidential debate. He didn’t miss his chance on a fundraising visit, blasting the state on crime, homelessness and more.",
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"title": "Fact-Check Reveals Trump's Inaccurate Claims About California and Kamala Harris | KQED",
"description": "Donald Trump didn’t attack California or Kamala Harris’s home-state record during their presidential debate. He didn’t miss his chance on a fundraising visit, blasting the state on crime, homelessness and more.",
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"headline": "Fact-Check Reveals Trump's Inaccurate Claims About California and Kamala Harris",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/author/yue-yu\">Yue Stella Yu, \u003c/a>CalMatters",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Overlooking the Pacific Ocean from his \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2024-09-13/trump-golf-course-rancho-palos-verdes-landslides\">own golf course in Rancho Palos Verdes\u003c/a>, former president Donald Trump praised his California property as one of the most beautiful in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rest of the state, however, is being destroyed by rampant crime, sweeping homelessness and unauthorized immigrants — and it’s spurring a mass exodus, Trump said at a press conference today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The state of California is a mess,” said Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We cannot allow Comrade Kamala Harris and the communist left to do to America what they did to California,” said the former president, who had held a fundraiser in Los Angeles on Thursday night and plans one later today in the Bay Area community of Woodside to cash in on \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/elections/2024/07/kamala-harris-donald-trump-campaign-money-california/\">California’s lucrative trove of donors\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attacking California is something Trump didn’t even do once in his first — and \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/meridithmcgraw/status/1834311545729225026\">he says only\u003c/a> — presidential debate with Vice President Kamala Harris Tuesday night in Philadelphia. Political experts perceived it as a missed opportunity: After all, his allies have for decades decried California as too liberal for the rest of the nation — \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/elections/2024/08/kamala-harris-california-record-democrats/\">partly why there has never been a California Democrat elected president\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The jury is still out on how much Harris’ California ties could hurt her chance among undecided voters. For most Michigan and Arizona voters who spoke to CalMatters last month, Harris’ record in the White House \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/elections/2024/08/kamala-harris-california-record-democrats/\">mattered more\u003c/a> than her California brand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, who repeatedly mispronounced Harris’s first name, also blamed Harris for federal economic and border policies and insisted he outperformed her \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletter/presidential-debate-kamala-harris-donald-trump/\">during the debate\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Harris campaign’s rapid response team \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/KamalaHQ\">posted about some of Trump’s statements\u003c/a>, but has not directly responded to what he said about her record or her home state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How much of the many, many things Trump said about California and Harris’ record is accurate? Here’s our fact check on some notable claims:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>State of the state\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Trump said\u003c/strong>:\u003cbr>\n“California has the highest inflation, highest taxes, the highest gas prices, the most illegal aliens, the most regulations, the most expensive utilities, and it ranks as the third worst state to start a business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Facts\u003c/strong>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Inflation\u003c/strong>: Inflation rates fluctuate month to month. Florida had the highest inflation at 4% as of March, while California had the seventh highest, at 3.6%, according to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2024/04/09/states-highest-lowest-inflation/73184932007/\">analysis of the Bureau of Labor Statistics data\u003c/a> by Moody’s Analytics. Even according to U.S. Senate Republicans’ own inflation tracker, as of August, \u003ca href=\"https://www.jec.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/republicans/california-inflation-report/\">California\u003c/a> ranked 5th for increased monthly inflation costs since January 2021 and had a cumulative inflation rate lower than Florida and \u003ca href=\"https://www.jec.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/republicans/state-inflation-tracker\">other states in the West region\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Taxes:\u003c/strong> California does have the highest state sales tax at 7.25%, but \u003ca href=\"https://taxfoundation.org/data/all/state/2024-sales-taxes/\">ranks 8th\u003c/a> in total state and local sales tax rates this year, according to the Tax Foundation. California’s property tax rate is at 0.75%, \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/mortgages/property-tax-by-state\">the 34th highest\u003c/a> of all 50 states. The state also has a progressive income tax rate while other states have a flat rate for all.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Gas prices\u003c/strong>: It is true. California does have the highest gas price of all states, at $4.76 a gallon as of today, \u003ca href=\"https://gasprices.aaa.com/?state=CA\">according to the AAA\u003c/a>. The national average is $3.23.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Unauthorized immigrants\u003c/strong>: California is estimated to have the largest population of undocumented immigrants, at \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2024/07/22/what-we-know-about-unauthorized-immigrants-living-in-the-us/\">1.8 million\u003c/a>, based on a Pew Research Center estimate of 2022 Census figures. But California is also the only state where that population decreased from 2019 to 2022, while the populations in Republican-led Florida and Texas grew the most.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Utility rates\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/epm_table_grapher.php?t=epmt_5_6_a\">As of June\u003c/a>, Hawaii — not California — had the highest electricity rates, averaging 42.4 cents per kilowatt hour for residential customers, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration. In California, residential customers paid an average of 33.0 cents per kilowatt hour. \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/home-improvement/living/monthly-utility-costs-by-state/#states_with_the_most_expensive_utilities_section\">A Forbes analysis\u003c/a> of monthly utility bills by state ranked Alaska the most expensive, followed by Hawaii, Connecticut, West Virginia and Georgia.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Worst state to start a business\u003c/strong>: It depends which ranking you look at, but \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/best-states-to-start-a-business/#state_by_state_ranking_the_best_states_to_start_a_business_section\">according to Forbes\u003c/a>, California is the 37th best state to start a business this year.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch3>Crime in California\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Trump said:\u003c/strong> Trump blamed the “destruction” of San Francisco on Gov. Gavin Newsom and Harris. He said murders rose “significantly” and car thefts “went through the roof” while Harris was state attorney general. He argued that Harris was lenient in prosecuting several cases, that she had endorsed defunding the police and that “the police don’t endorse her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Facts:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Crime stats\u003c/strong>: When Harris was California attorney general between 2011 and 2017, homicide rates fluctuated, with an average of 1,819 homicides — or 4.7 per 100,000 people — each year, according to \u003ca href=\"https://data-openjustice.doj.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2023-06/Crime%20In%20CA%202022f.pdf\">the state Department of Justice\u003c/a>. Vehicle thefts ebbed and flowed, averaging 164,000 or 424.9 per 100,000 people. Both rates were far lower than during the 1990s.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Leniency\u003c/strong>: Despite claims she’s soft on crime, Harris has a mixed record. As a local prosecutor, Harris \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/elections/2024/08/kamala-harris-prosecutor-california-san-francisco/\">did not pursue the death penalty against a cop killer\u003c/a> — a case Trump used during the press conference to justify his claim. But years later, Harris prosecuted a woman with mental illness for assaulting police officers. As California’s attorney general, Harris defended \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/elections/2024/08/kamala-harris-prosecutor-california-san-francisco/\">the state’s death penalty\u003c/a> even though she personally opposed it. Harris remained neutral on various ballot measures about reducing penalties for low-level offenses and \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2024/07/29/kamala-harris-california-criminal-justice-00171490\">allowing earlier release for more offenders\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Defund the police\u003c/strong>: It is true that Harris \u003ca href=\"https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2024/jul/30/donald-trump/fact-checking-trumps-false-statement-that-kamala-h/\">expressed support for redirecting some money\u003c/a> and “reimagining” public safety during her 2020 presidential campaign, weeks after George Floyd was murdered by a police officer in Minneapolis, sparking waves of protests against law enforcement. “This whole movement is about rightly saying, we need to take a look at these budgets and figure out whether it reflects the right priorities,” she said at the time. After President Joe Biden tapped her as his running mate, however, she denounced the “defund” movement.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Police endorsements\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/4865127-law-enforcement-endorse-kamala-harris/\">More than 100 law enforcement officials\u003c/a> — including sheriffs, former and current police chiefs and FBI agents — endorsed Harris last week.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12004813\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/091024_PresidentialDebate_FM_CM-04-scaled-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12004813\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/091024_PresidentialDebate_FM_CM-04-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"Several people are seating facing a split screen showing a man and woman.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1708\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/091024_PresidentialDebate_FM_CM-04-scaled-1.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/091024_PresidentialDebate_FM_CM-04-scaled-1-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/091024_PresidentialDebate_FM_CM-04-scaled-1-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/091024_PresidentialDebate_FM_CM-04-scaled-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/091024_PresidentialDebate_FM_CM-04-scaled-1-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/091024_PresidentialDebate_FM_CM-04-scaled-1-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/091024_PresidentialDebate_FM_CM-04-scaled-1-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People watch the presidential debate between former President Donald Trump and Vice President Kamala Harris at KQED headquarters in San Francisco on Sept. 10, 2024. \u003ccite>(Florence Middleton/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Immigration and the border\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Trump said:\u003c/strong> He lambasted Harris for supporting “sanctuary cities” for undocumented immigrants while she was San Francisco’s district attorney, claiming she shielded “illegal aliens” who committed murders and refused to deport them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Facts:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Sanctuary city policy\u003c/strong>: The San Francisco city ordinance — which prevented officials from handing over unauthorized migrants to Immigration and Customs Enforcement even if they committed a felony — \u003ca href=\"https://www.factcheck.org/2024/08/trumps-false-and-misleading-claims-about-harris-record-on-crime/\">dates to 1985\u003c/a>. It was originally aimed at protecting asylum seekers from El Salvador and Guatemala, but was extended in 1989 to cover all immigrants. Harris — who was district attorney from 2004 to 2011 — \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/11/politics/kfile-kamala-harris-undocumented-juveniles/index.html\">supported changing the policy\u003c/a> to report undocumented immigrants arrested on suspicion of a felony in 2008.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Prosecuting unauthorized immigrants\u003c/strong>: Trump said Harris offered sanctuary in 2008 to Edwin Ramos, a Salvadoran migrant who was charged with three counts of murder and who had prior convictions for assault and attempted robbery. Similarly, Trump mentioned the case of Rony Aguilera, a Honduran immigrant who murdered a 14-year-old boy in 2008. It is true city officials did not turn him over to federal agents at the time — under the sanctuary city policy that Harris helped change that year. Ramos was \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/SF-killer-Edwin-Ramos-sentenced-in-triple-slaying-3625545.php\">sentenced to life in prison in 2014\u003c/a>, and Aguilera was sentenced to 40 years to life in prison \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/s-f-gang-member-sentenced-in-teen-s-slaying-4847595.php\">in 2013\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch3>Homelessness\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Trump said:\u003c/strong> “After Kamala Harris and Gavin Newscum took charge of San Francisco, homelessness increased by over 200%.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Facts:\u003c/strong> Homelessness has grown in California, but not by that much. From 2007 to 2023, the number of people experiencing homelessness grew \u003ca href=\"https://www.huduser.gov/portal/sites/default/files/pdf/2023-AHAR-Part-1.pdf\">by 30.5%\u003c/a>, according to a report to Congress. In San Francisco, the point-in-time count of homeless people this year reached the lowest level since 2015, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sf.gov/news/new-data-san-francisco-street-homelessness-hits-10-year-low\">according to the city\u003c/a>. Nearly 186,000 Californians live on the streets or homeless shelters, up 8% from 2022, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/homelessness/2024/09/pit-count-analysis-2024/\">according to a new CalMatters analysis\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://shou.senate.ca.gov/sites/shou.senate.ca.gov/files/Homelessness%20in%20CA%202023%20Numbers%20-%201.2024.pdf\">As of last year\u003c/a>, California accounted for nearly 30% of the nation’s homeless population and roughly half of the unsheltered population. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>California exodus\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Trump said\u003c/strong>: He claimed the state has the most number of people leaving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Facts: \u003c/strong>It is true that California \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023/population-trends-return-to-pre-pandemic-norms.html\">shed the most people\u003c/a> last year — 75,423, according to the Census Bureau. But it’s not just a California problem: \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/population-map-reveals-states-growing-shrinking-1893641#:~:text=The%20states%20that%20lost%20the,same%20reasons%2C%22%20Poston%20said.\">New York\u003c/a> lost the most population between 2020 and 2022, losing 2.6% of its population, according to Census data. The \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletters/whatmatters/2023/02/california-population-exodus-housing/\">reasons for California’s shrinking population\u003c/a> are complicated: Some died, some moved to other states due to the high cost of living, and some left the country altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s note: This story has been updated to clarify California’s crime rates.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "One Unaccompanied Minor's Journey to the US Sparks Hope in California's Pilot Program",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]O[/dropcap]n Aug. 14, “A.” walked onto his Northern California high school campus as a senior. The 18-year-old, like most of his classmates, has come a long way since he first set foot on this campus as a freshman three years ago, though few have experienced the transformation that he has. A. (whose first name and exact location are being withheld to protect his identity), went from speaking only Spanish to performing skits on stage in English, from struggling to find his classes to helping other newcomers find theirs, and from undocumented and afraid of deportation to documented and eager to share his story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A.’s childhood in San Pedro Sula, Honduras, was relatively normal: a close-knit family and a passion for soccer. That was until gangs started hovering near his school. After witnessing gang violence himself, he no longer felt safe walking to and from class. He and his parents began having heart-wrenching conversations, wondering aloud if he’d be better off living with extended family in the United States. Soon, the decision was made. A. would be heading north with a small group of migrants on the long journey through Guatemala and Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They just [told] me, ‘You have to go with these people,’” A. said, “and that was all.” He was just 14 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a 23-day journey on foot, A. and his group arrived at the U.S.-Mexico border. They stood on the banks of the Rio Grande, and A. could see border patrol agents on the other side. There were drones flying overhead and lights scanning the shore. A. didn’t know how to swim, so he was given an inner tube to help him cross. When he landed on U.S. soil, Border Patrol agents apprehended him and the other members of the group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A. was held by federal officials — first U.S. Customs and Border Protection and then the Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) — for two-and-a-half months before being released to the care of his aunt in Utah. He was relieved to finally be with family again, ready to tackle the next steps in establishing his new life in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he was released, he was given a notice to appear in immigration court three weeks later. A. knew this court date was important, and he would need his aunt’s help to get him there. But when the day approached, his aunt wouldn’t take him. She was undocumented herself and afraid of what might happen if she showed up to immigration court. A. missed his court date, and not long after, his family decided he should live, instead, with an aunt in California, one with more financial resources to care for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12003811\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-03-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12003811\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A young man wearing a white shirt looks at a computer screen.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-03-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-03-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-03-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-03-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-03-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-03-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A. works on his driver’s license application at a Northern California DMV on July 25, 2024. \u003ccite>(Lauren DeLaunay Miller for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On the day of his 15th birthday, A. arrived in Northern California. He settled in quickly with his aunt and her younger children and, within weeks, was starting his first day of high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had nobody to translate for me,” A. said. “And it was so hard for me to understand what the teachers were saying and how the rules were.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But soon, he received devastating news. A letter had arrived for him at his aunt’s house in Utah stating that, as a result of his failure to appear in court, the judge had issued a removal order for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After finding nothing but dead ends with the list of legal resources provided to him by ORR, A. gave up hope. He continued going to school and trying his best, but he kept his story to himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t want to share my story because I was afraid that you never know what kind of people you’re going to meet with and if they were going to do something against you,” he recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year passed this way, with A. keeping his legal status to himself, in agony over his future.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Children at the border\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Between October 2020 and September 2021, \u003ca href=\"https://www.acf.hhs.gov/orr/grant-funding/unaccompanied-children-released-sponsors-state\">the Office of Refugee Resettlement reported\u003c/a> that 107,646 unaccompanied children were released to sponsors nationwide, \u003ca href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/orr-plan-for-uc-program-following-t42-termination.pdf\">a massive increase from the previous year\u003c/a> in which ORR released only 16,837 minors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite landing in all 50 states, a few states routinely place the most, with Texas, Florida, and California each taking in more than 10,000 children in the past year. Most minors in ORR care, like A., have crossed the U.S.-Mexico border, coming from Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador. After being apprehended by immigration authorities, they are transferred to the care of the Office of Refugee Resettlement, which is responsible for housing and sheltering them while confirming their placement with a sponsor. Most youth sponsors are family members, and it can take weeks or months for ORR to confirm the safety and viability of that home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But once the minor is relocated there, contact with ORR ends. Minors are typically given a notice to appear in court and a list of legal resources, as happened with A., but, as Kristina McKibben-Sias of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cjaca.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Community Justice Alliance\u003c/a> said, this system, which appears much like foster care, is distinctly different.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12003812\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-04-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12003812\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-04-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"Two women stand by a wall with their arms folded.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1266\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-04-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-04-KQED-800x506.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-04-KQED-1020x646.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-04-KQED-160x101.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-04-KQED-1536x972.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-04-KQED-1920x1215.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kristina McKibben (left) and Natalia Osorio-Elizondo in the Sacramento office of the Community Justice Alliance, which provides legal and social services to immigrants in Northern and Central California, on July 26, 2024. \u003ccite>(Lauren DeLaunay Miller for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is just kind of uncharted territory where they’re left to navigate all of their basic needs on their own,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These basic needs often include things like housing support, healthcare, mental health services, and help accessing education, all on top of the need for trauma-informed legal representation. Immigration attorneys like McKibben say these needs go hand-in-hand as they all affect a child’s ability to resettle comfortably and safely in a new place.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>California’s new program for immigrant youth\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In response to the record-breaking number of unaccompanied minors coming to California, Gov. Gavin Newsom’s office and the California Department of Social Services in 2022 piloted a new program to provide wraparound services to immigrant youth across the state. The \u003ca href=\"https://acaciajustice.org/chirp/\">Children’s Holistic Immigration Representation Project\u003c/a>, or CHIRP, provided funding to 16 organizations, allowing them to integrate social services alongside legal aid. They could now provide their youth clients with an attorney and a case manager or social worker who would collaborate on each case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CHIRP was the first program of its kind in the country, and advocates were hopeful it would provide a model to other states. They also hoped it would become permanent. The two-year term of the pilot would pose challenges. First, organizations would post job positions, hire new employees, and integrate them into their teams. Some organizations struggled at first to find qualified employees willing to take on the uncertainty of working under a pilot program. What kind of job security could they expect when their funding might run out in a matter of months? And second, immigration courts are complicated and notoriously backlogged, meaning the cases these organizations would be taking on would surely take more than two years to conclude. What would happen after two years if the funding wasn’t renewed?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12003813\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-05-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12003813\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A person holds a framed picture of a child's drawing.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1916\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-05-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-05-KQED-800x766.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-05-KQED-1020x977.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-05-KQED-160x153.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-05-KQED-1536x1471.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-05-KQED-1920x1839.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kristina McKibben holds a drawing made to her by one of Community Justice Alliance’s youngest clients on July 26, 2024. \u003ccite>(Lauren DeLaunay Miller for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, with all the uncertainty of a new program, advocates and the organizations that received funding were thrilled with the work they could do. In the two years since the program began, \u003ca href=\"https://acaciajustice.org/chirp/\">more than 600 children received services across 30 counties\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>From hopeless to hope restored\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When A.’s sophomore year began, he tried to sign up for his school’s soccer team, only to find that he needed to provide his health insurance information for the required physical. A. didn’t have health insurance (\u003ca href=\"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/services/medi-cal/eligibility/Pages/SB-75.aspx\">despite being eligible for Medi-Cal under a 2016 law\u003c/a> allowing for all children in California to qualify regardless of immigration status), and he needed help figuring out what to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A. turned to his English teacher, Dr. J, who he had developed a close and trusted relationship with over the past year. Learning of his status, Dr. J — whose full name is being withheld to protect A.’s identity — assured him that together, they would find a solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had no hopes,” A. said, “and she was the one who told me that we were not going to give up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She began calling legal aid organizations across the state, drawing on her two decades of teaching experience to connect with educators who had more experience working with newcomer youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although their dockets are completely full, [they] took their time to meet with me and educate me and then connect me eventually with the Community Justice Alliance,” Dr. J. recalled. After hearing A.’s story, CJA agreed to take his case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within weeks, their social services team was able to help him get physical and mental health appointments as the legal team assembled his case. They argued his eligibility for Special Immigrant Juvenile Status — and won. Special Immigrant Juvenile Status is an important tool for unaccompanied youth like A. — and one that’s nearly impossible to get without an attorney. It puts status holders on a pathway to permanent residency and, eventually, the ability to apply for citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12003810\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-02-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12003810\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A young man wearing a white shirt and black pants stands on a football field.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-02-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-02-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-02-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-02-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A. on his high school’s football and soccer field on July 25, 2024, his passion for soccer eventually led him to get the social services he needed. \u003ccite>(Lauren DeLaunay Miller for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For A., this represented a new start, the ability to be himself openly and to share his story with anyone who would listen. He no longer had to live in fear of deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t feel embarrassed [about] my past. I feel proud [of] where I’m coming from and everything I’ve done. And I was able to tell my story to my friends. It was definitely a big change for me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Dr. J saw her once-silent student blossom. He joined drama and performed skits on stage and used his new confidence to speak to California lawmakers about the importance of CHIRP. The program had quickly and radically transformed his life, and he wanted the same for the thousands of other children who continue to come to California alone each year.[aside postID=\"news_11986437,news_11976293,news_11683949\" label=\"Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in May of this year, Newsom announced in his budget revision that funding for CHIRP would not be extended beyond its initial two-year timeline, giving organizations until Aug. 31 to find a solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the program on the chopping block, Community Justice Alliance was scrambling. But just days before the deadline, organizers received the news that the funding would be extended another 10 months. The extension comes as a huge relief, but it won’t last long. Advocates still hope California will find a permanent place in its budget for the $17.8 million program and argue that this relatively modest price tag is easily justified by the vulnerability of those it helps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A. continues his own advocacy while he begins his senior year of high school. He thinks frequently about what he’d like to do after graduation, and his experience with CHIRP and the Community Justice Alliance has made his dream clear: “I think I would like to be a social worker,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">O\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>n Aug. 14, “A.” walked onto his Northern California high school campus as a senior. The 18-year-old, like most of his classmates, has come a long way since he first set foot on this campus as a freshman three years ago, though few have experienced the transformation that he has. A. (whose first name and exact location are being withheld to protect his identity), went from speaking only Spanish to performing skits on stage in English, from struggling to find his classes to helping other newcomers find theirs, and from undocumented and afraid of deportation to documented and eager to share his story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A.’s childhood in San Pedro Sula, Honduras, was relatively normal: a close-knit family and a passion for soccer. That was until gangs started hovering near his school. After witnessing gang violence himself, he no longer felt safe walking to and from class. He and his parents began having heart-wrenching conversations, wondering aloud if he’d be better off living with extended family in the United States. Soon, the decision was made. A. would be heading north with a small group of migrants on the long journey through Guatemala and Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They just [told] me, ‘You have to go with these people,’” A. said, “and that was all.” He was just 14 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a 23-day journey on foot, A. and his group arrived at the U.S.-Mexico border. They stood on the banks of the Rio Grande, and A. could see border patrol agents on the other side. There were drones flying overhead and lights scanning the shore. A. didn’t know how to swim, so he was given an inner tube to help him cross. When he landed on U.S. soil, Border Patrol agents apprehended him and the other members of the group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A. was held by federal officials — first U.S. Customs and Border Protection and then the Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) — for two-and-a-half months before being released to the care of his aunt in Utah. He was relieved to finally be with family again, ready to tackle the next steps in establishing his new life in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he was released, he was given a notice to appear in immigration court three weeks later. A. knew this court date was important, and he would need his aunt’s help to get him there. But when the day approached, his aunt wouldn’t take him. She was undocumented herself and afraid of what might happen if she showed up to immigration court. A. missed his court date, and not long after, his family decided he should live, instead, with an aunt in California, one with more financial resources to care for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12003811\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-03-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12003811\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A young man wearing a white shirt looks at a computer screen.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-03-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-03-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-03-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-03-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-03-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-03-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A. works on his driver’s license application at a Northern California DMV on July 25, 2024. \u003ccite>(Lauren DeLaunay Miller for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On the day of his 15th birthday, A. arrived in Northern California. He settled in quickly with his aunt and her younger children and, within weeks, was starting his first day of high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had nobody to translate for me,” A. said. “And it was so hard for me to understand what the teachers were saying and how the rules were.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But soon, he received devastating news. A letter had arrived for him at his aunt’s house in Utah stating that, as a result of his failure to appear in court, the judge had issued a removal order for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After finding nothing but dead ends with the list of legal resources provided to him by ORR, A. gave up hope. He continued going to school and trying his best, but he kept his story to himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t want to share my story because I was afraid that you never know what kind of people you’re going to meet with and if they were going to do something against you,” he recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year passed this way, with A. keeping his legal status to himself, in agony over his future.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Children at the border\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Between October 2020 and September 2021, \u003ca href=\"https://www.acf.hhs.gov/orr/grant-funding/unaccompanied-children-released-sponsors-state\">the Office of Refugee Resettlement reported\u003c/a> that 107,646 unaccompanied children were released to sponsors nationwide, \u003ca href=\"https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/orr-plan-for-uc-program-following-t42-termination.pdf\">a massive increase from the previous year\u003c/a> in which ORR released only 16,837 minors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite landing in all 50 states, a few states routinely place the most, with Texas, Florida, and California each taking in more than 10,000 children in the past year. Most minors in ORR care, like A., have crossed the U.S.-Mexico border, coming from Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador. After being apprehended by immigration authorities, they are transferred to the care of the Office of Refugee Resettlement, which is responsible for housing and sheltering them while confirming their placement with a sponsor. Most youth sponsors are family members, and it can take weeks or months for ORR to confirm the safety and viability of that home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But once the minor is relocated there, contact with ORR ends. Minors are typically given a notice to appear in court and a list of legal resources, as happened with A., but, as Kristina McKibben-Sias of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cjaca.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Community Justice Alliance\u003c/a> said, this system, which appears much like foster care, is distinctly different.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12003812\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-04-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12003812\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-04-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"Two women stand by a wall with their arms folded.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1266\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-04-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-04-KQED-800x506.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-04-KQED-1020x646.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-04-KQED-160x101.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-04-KQED-1536x972.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-04-KQED-1920x1215.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kristina McKibben (left) and Natalia Osorio-Elizondo in the Sacramento office of the Community Justice Alliance, which provides legal and social services to immigrants in Northern and Central California, on July 26, 2024. \u003ccite>(Lauren DeLaunay Miller for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is just kind of uncharted territory where they’re left to navigate all of their basic needs on their own,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These basic needs often include things like housing support, healthcare, mental health services, and help accessing education, all on top of the need for trauma-informed legal representation. Immigration attorneys like McKibben say these needs go hand-in-hand as they all affect a child’s ability to resettle comfortably and safely in a new place.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>California’s new program for immigrant youth\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In response to the record-breaking number of unaccompanied minors coming to California, Gov. Gavin Newsom’s office and the California Department of Social Services in 2022 piloted a new program to provide wraparound services to immigrant youth across the state. The \u003ca href=\"https://acaciajustice.org/chirp/\">Children’s Holistic Immigration Representation Project\u003c/a>, or CHIRP, provided funding to 16 organizations, allowing them to integrate social services alongside legal aid. They could now provide their youth clients with an attorney and a case manager or social worker who would collaborate on each case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CHIRP was the first program of its kind in the country, and advocates were hopeful it would provide a model to other states. They also hoped it would become permanent. The two-year term of the pilot would pose challenges. First, organizations would post job positions, hire new employees, and integrate them into their teams. Some organizations struggled at first to find qualified employees willing to take on the uncertainty of working under a pilot program. What kind of job security could they expect when their funding might run out in a matter of months? And second, immigration courts are complicated and notoriously backlogged, meaning the cases these organizations would be taking on would surely take more than two years to conclude. What would happen after two years if the funding wasn’t renewed?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12003813\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-05-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12003813\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A person holds a framed picture of a child's drawing.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1916\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-05-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-05-KQED-800x766.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-05-KQED-1020x977.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-05-KQED-160x153.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-05-KQED-1536x1471.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-05-KQED-1920x1839.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kristina McKibben holds a drawing made to her by one of Community Justice Alliance’s youngest clients on July 26, 2024. \u003ccite>(Lauren DeLaunay Miller for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, with all the uncertainty of a new program, advocates and the organizations that received funding were thrilled with the work they could do. In the two years since the program began, \u003ca href=\"https://acaciajustice.org/chirp/\">more than 600 children received services across 30 counties\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>From hopeless to hope restored\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When A.’s sophomore year began, he tried to sign up for his school’s soccer team, only to find that he needed to provide his health insurance information for the required physical. A. didn’t have health insurance (\u003ca href=\"https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/services/medi-cal/eligibility/Pages/SB-75.aspx\">despite being eligible for Medi-Cal under a 2016 law\u003c/a> allowing for all children in California to qualify regardless of immigration status), and he needed help figuring out what to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A. turned to his English teacher, Dr. J, who he had developed a close and trusted relationship with over the past year. Learning of his status, Dr. J — whose full name is being withheld to protect A.’s identity — assured him that together, they would find a solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had no hopes,” A. said, “and she was the one who told me that we were not going to give up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She began calling legal aid organizations across the state, drawing on her two decades of teaching experience to connect with educators who had more experience working with newcomer youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although their dockets are completely full, [they] took their time to meet with me and educate me and then connect me eventually with the Community Justice Alliance,” Dr. J. recalled. After hearing A.’s story, CJA agreed to take his case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within weeks, their social services team was able to help him get physical and mental health appointments as the legal team assembled his case. They argued his eligibility for Special Immigrant Juvenile Status — and won. Special Immigrant Juvenile Status is an important tool for unaccompanied youth like A. — and one that’s nearly impossible to get without an attorney. It puts status holders on a pathway to permanent residency and, eventually, the ability to apply for citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12003810\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-02-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12003810\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A young man wearing a white shirt and black pants stands on a football field.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-02-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-02-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-02-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240909-UNACCOMPANIED-YOUTH-LDM-02-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A. on his high school’s football and soccer field on July 25, 2024, his passion for soccer eventually led him to get the social services he needed. \u003ccite>(Lauren DeLaunay Miller for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For A., this represented a new start, the ability to be himself openly and to share his story with anyone who would listen. He no longer had to live in fear of deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t feel embarrassed [about] my past. I feel proud [of] where I’m coming from and everything I’ve done. And I was able to tell my story to my friends. It was definitely a big change for me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Dr. J saw her once-silent student blossom. He joined drama and performed skits on stage and used his new confidence to speak to California lawmakers about the importance of CHIRP. The program had quickly and radically transformed his life, and he wanted the same for the thousands of other children who continue to come to California alone each year.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in May of this year, Newsom announced in his budget revision that funding for CHIRP would not be extended beyond its initial two-year timeline, giving organizations until Aug. 31 to find a solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the program on the chopping block, Community Justice Alliance was scrambling. But just days before the deadline, organizers received the news that the funding would be extended another 10 months. The extension comes as a huge relief, but it won’t last long. Advocates still hope California will find a permanent place in its budget for the $17.8 million program and argue that this relatively modest price tag is easily justified by the vulnerability of those it helps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A. continues his own advocacy while he begins his senior year of high school. He thinks frequently about what he’d like to do after graduation, and his experience with CHIRP and the Community Justice Alliance has made his dream clear: “I think I would like to be a social worker,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
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"order": 1
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"order": 9
},
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
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