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"slug": "look-theres-nowhere-else-to-go-inside-californias-crackdown-on-homeless-camps",
"title": "‘Look, There’s Nowhere Else to Go’: Inside California’s Crackdown on Homeless Camps",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s been eight months since the U.S. Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2024/06/california-homeless-camps-grants-pass-ruling/\">fundamentally changed\u003c/a> how cities in California and beyond can respond to homeless encampments, allowing them to clear camps and arrest people for sleeping outside — even when there’s nowhere else to sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2024/06/california-homeless-camps-grants-pass-ruling/\">July ruling\u003c/a> in the case \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/23-175.html\">Grants Pass v. Johnson\u003c/a> upended six years of protections for unhoused people. It was a radical change, and it came as many Californians, from small business owners to Gov. Gavin Newsom, were fed up with regularly seeing tent camps that stretched for blocks, human feces smeared on sidewalks and people injecting drugs in the open. Once the Supreme Court gave the green light, even liberal strongholds such as San Francisco were quick to start removing camps — despite a collective outcry from activists supporting the rights of homeless Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What has that meant for people living outside?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CalMatters spent four months interviewing experts, requesting data and making a dozen visits to encampments in San Francisco and Fresno to document enforcement efforts and follow the unhoused people displaced when their camps were cleared. Our public media partner, KPBS, did extensive reporting and visits to encampments in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts agree clearing or “sweeping” encampments alone can’t end \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/category/housing/homelessness/\">homelessness\u003c/a>. But here’s what we did see over and over as a result of sweeps in those cities: people becoming more likely to lose touch with support services, people losing essential items they need to get into housing (such as birth certificates) or to survive the elements (such as tents) and people still stuck on the streets — sometimes in new locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some cases, cities try to pair enforcement with \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2025/02/california-homeless-shelters-purgatory/\">offers of a shelter bed\u003c/a> or other services. But shelter is generally in short supply, and the types of programs available often don’t work for everyone on the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cities are continuing with enforcement, anyway. Here’s what that looks like.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>San Francisco\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Linda Vazquez sat cross-legged on the sidewalk during an afternoon last fall, with two dogs in her lap and her hands cuffed behind her back. A police officer stood over her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beside her, balanced on a camp stove, sat the pot of chicharrones she’d been cooking for lunch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vazquez, 52, was clearly upset. “Because I did \u003cem>so \u003c/em>bad,” she yelled sarcastically at the officer, who was citing her for “unauthorized lodging,” a misdemeanor under California’s penal code. “This is the biggest crime ever.”[aside postID=news_12028502 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/Evelyn-Alfred-3.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The police didn’t end up taking Vazquez to jail, and instead gave her a slip of paper with a date to show up in court. They did confiscate the tarp she was sheltering under as “evidence,” making it harder for her to survive on the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/homelessness/2025/02/california-homeless-camping-citation-trials/\">citation \u003c/a>was Vazquez’s second in two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within hours, Vazquez was back, setting up camp in the same spot — a block that had essentially become hers. Vazquez was known throughout the neighborhood, always surrounded by dogs and friends. On any given day, you might find her cooking meals to share, giving away blankets and other provisions to her unhoused neighbors or hitting people who caused trouble on the block with a blast of water from her Super Soaker squirt gun. At night, she watched horror movies on a tablet in her tent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vazquez continued to camp there for the next three months and received at least one more citation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I said, ‘look, there’s nowhere else to go,’” Vazquez said. ‘“All the other places are doing the same thing. So where do you want me to go? Where do you want me to hide out?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A California native, Vazquez grew up bouncing between Modesto, Santa Cruz, Gilroy, Monterey and other places as her mother found work on different farms. Her life took a turn for the worse in her 20s when, she says, her former partner became abusive. She fled to San Francisco in 1998, and for the past few years has been bouncing between the street, shelters and subsidized housing placements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Encampment removals in Vazquez’s neighborhood — a handful of alleys that run between Van Ness Avenue and Larkin Street at the edge of San Francisco’s Tenderloin neighborhood — have fallen into a predictable rhythm. There are sweeps nearly every Monday and Friday, regular as clockwork.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12029253\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12029253\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/111924_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_04-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/111924_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_04-copy.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/111924_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_04-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/111924_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_04-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/111924_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_04-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/111924_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_04-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘It’s ridiculous because, if it was actually sweeping, then I’d understand, but since it’s not actually sweeping, the fuck are you moving me for? Then I got to deal with all this shit, then all the toppings you want to put on it, like getting citations, going to jail and all that. Why?’ said Linda Vazquez, 52. Above, Vazquez tidies her belongings outside of her tent on Cedar Street in San Francisco on Nov. 19, 2024. \u003ccite>(Jungho Kim for CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12029259\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12029259\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2500\" height=\"833\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image.jpg 2500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-800x267.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1020x340.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1536x512.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-2048x682.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1920x640.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Left: Linda Vazquez holds a citation for ‘unauthorized lodging’ from the San Francisco Police Department in San Francisco on Nov. 15, 2024. Right: An encampment on Cedar Street in San Francisco on Nov. 19, 2024. \u003ccite>(Jungho Kim for CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>CalMatters visited that area about twice a week for five weeks last fall. During that time, city outreach teams spoke with people camping there 138 times, according to Jackie Thornhill, spokesperson for the city’s Department of Emergency Management. They placed people in shelter 27 times, and placed one person in permanent housing. Police made 16 arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On most days during that five-week span, CalMatters saw several people camped on each block, despite the frequent sweeps. Their reasons for living on the street varied. Many couldn’t stand being in a shelter. One man said he once saw a fellow shelter resident get raped, and since then, he’s avoided those facilities at all costs. A woman CalMatters spoke with said she already had housing in a city-funded SRO, but she’s a victim of domestic violence, and her abuser found out where she lives. Now, she doesn’t feel safe going back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2025/02/california-homeless-shelters-purgatory/\">CalMatters investigation\u003c/a> revealed that many California shelters are a purgatory — plagued by unsanitary and unsafe conditions, and operating with next-to-no oversight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people opt to sleep on the street and try to be gone in the morning before the city shows up to kick them out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not uncommon for as many as a dozen city workers to participate in an encampment removal, including police, fire department paramedics and staff from the city’s Department of Emergency Management, Homeless Outreach Team and Encampment Resolution Team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That work is coordinated by Mary Ellen Carroll, executive director of the city’s Department of Emergency Management. The goal, she said, is to clean up and offer people services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes people will get up and move around and come back after,” said Carroll, who was on site as her team cleaned up encampments in Vazquez’s neighborhood on a Friday afternoon last fall. “But…it’s a matter of consistency, to just keep coming and addressing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On that Friday, Carroll’s team spoke with 13 people camping in the alleyways between Van Ness and Larkin. None of them accepted a shelter bed. From January through early November 2024, her team engaged with people in that area 930 times, and referred people to shelter 180 times. In another 47 cases, the person already had housing or shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Typically, only between 20% and 30% of people accept a shelter bed when it’s offered, according to the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With those low placement numbers, and with people returning over and over to camp on the same streets, are the city’s efforts helping?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that it is helping, overall,” Carroll said. Clearing encampments is just part of a broader strategy that includes outreach and services, but it’s an important piece, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To David Schmitz, a 60-year-old photographer who lives in an apartment overlooking the street where Vazquez camps, the encampment sweeps have made a difference. When he first moved in, about four months earlier, it was common to see at least a dozen tents on the street. People frequently urinated against his garage door, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the November afternoon that he spoke to CalMatters, the city had just finished a clean-up that left the street spotless — not a tent or piece of trash in sight. Schmitz said he’d never seen it so clean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12029262\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12029262\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/111524_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_06-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/111524_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_06-copy.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/111524_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_06-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/111524_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_06-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/111524_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_06-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/111524_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_06-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An unhoused man carries a tarp and some of his belongings across Polk Street during a homeless encampment sweep in San Francisco on Nov. 15, 2024. Unhoused people on Cedar Street are forced to move their shelters and belongings on a regular basis by San Francisco city workers. \u003ccite>(Jungho Kim for CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I was euphoric,” he said. “I was like, this is amazing. This is what it could be like, you know. If it were like this … I would see my neighbors more. It wouldn’t be such an apocalyptic feeling to come out here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not everyone caught camping gets cited or arrested. Police typically give people citations if they have pitched a tent or strung up a tarp, like Vazquez did, to use as shelter, but not if they are sleeping in the open on just a blanket, said Sgt. J. Ellison with the police department’s Healthy Streets Operation Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ellison sees Vazquez frequently because many of the city’s shelter and transitional housing programs won’t allow all of Vazquez’s dogs. She has three, and she’s unwilling to give any up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can’t leave them,” Vazquez said, “because I’ve had them since they were the size of my hand.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, nearly every Monday and Friday, Vazquez and her friends packed up everything they owned and moved around the corner, waiting there until the police and other city personnel left and they could return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent rainy Monday afternoon, Vazquez was sick, huddling in a small tent with a hairdryer on (using jumper cables to siphon power from a nearby street light) to keep warm. The city came three days earlier and took her larger, gray tent, tarps, portable heater and other belongings, she said. It was raining then, too, and Vazquez said she stood outside in the rain for hours until a friend could give her a new tent. All her clothes got soaked — as did the two paper camping citations that told her when she was supposed to appear in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city was coming again that afternoon to clear the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t have no energy at all,” Vazquez said, sniffling and coughing. “But I have to move.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not long after, Vazquez found a hotel in San Francisco that agreed to take her and her three dogs. A room there costs $70 a day — money Vazquez pays with her disability benefits. She found the place on her own, without the city’s help, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vazquez isn’t sure how long she’ll be able to keep up with the payments. But she has a more pressing concern: The hotel is making her leave temporarily, so that it doesn’t have to grant her tenant’s rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where will she go until she can return?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I guess I’m going to be in a tent for three days,” she said. “And then I’m going to come back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>San Diego\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>San Diego’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kpbs.org/news/local/2023/07/31/san-diegos-unsafe-camping-ordinance-enforcement-begins\">unsafe camping ordinance\u003c/a> went into effect nearly a year before the U.S. Supreme Court’s Grants Pass decision. It prohibits tent camping in all public spaces if shelter beds are available, and near homeless shelters, schools, parks and transit centers regardless of shelter availability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also outlined the process for clearing encampments, reducing \u003ca href=\"https://www.sandiego.gov/homelessness-strategies-and-solutions/about/legal-settlements#:~:text=Isaiah%20Settlement%20(2011)&text=A%20one%2Dtime%20settlement%20payment,individuals%20could%20store%20personal%20belongings.\">a previous 72-hour\u003c/a> notice to just 24 hours. Part of the process includes the city’s Environmental Services Department posting neon green notices prior to clearing an encampment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aldea Secory has gotten used to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every other day, pretty much, they make us clean up and move,” she said. She and her husband found they could avoid the sweeps for a while if they stayed near the freeway, on state property the California Department of Transportation oversees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were on the side of the freeway for, like, a month,” Secory said. Then, she said, the California Highway Patrol swept that site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the last time we lost all our stuff,” she said. “It’s heartbreaking to come back to that. You have to start over again and again and again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty-four hours after the green notices get posted on fences, light posts, tents or nearby vegetation, city staff take photos of the site and look through any remaining bags, boxes and other items that might contain valuable belongings, such as paperwork or medication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12029263\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12029263\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012125-NoticeSignEncampment-KPBS-CM-01-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1027\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012125-NoticeSignEncampment-KPBS-CM-01-copy.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012125-NoticeSignEncampment-KPBS-CM-01-copy-800x524.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012125-NoticeSignEncampment-KPBS-CM-01-copy-1020x668.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012125-NoticeSignEncampment-KPBS-CM-01-copy-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012125-NoticeSignEncampment-KPBS-CM-01-copy-1536x1006.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A flyer giving 24 hours’ notice before an encampment cleanup hangs in Downtown San Diego on Jan. 21, 2025. \u003ccite>(Katie Anastas/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Franklin Coopersmith, deputy director of the Environmental Services Department’s Clean SD Division, said cleanup can take around 10 to 30 minutes in places with frequent sweeps, such as downtown surface streets. In more remote areas, like canyons, it can take several days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Secory said she’s had valuable items discarded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’ve thrown brand new things away,” she said. “I had a brand new $35, $40 bag of dog food just thrown away. Beds, clothes, it doesn’t matter. Birth certificates, medication. Doesn’t matter. They just throw it away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Personal items can get discarded for a few reasons, Coopersmith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes, he said, they’re in pockets or containers city employees might miss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of times, too, people are storing them with food that’s spoiled or bags that have gotten wet and they’ve turned moldy,” he said. “We’re not going to be searching a moldy bag that might have a birth certificate at the very bottom of it. If they’re putting their ID or something next to a meth pipe, our code officers aren’t going to be going through that stuff to figure it out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any remaining items soiled with moisture, food, human waste, pet waste, insect infestation, drug paraphernalia or in disrepair are then discarded,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.sandiego.gov/homelessness-strategies-and-solutions/services/abatement\">their policy reads\u003c/a>.[aside postID=news_12026580 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00250.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most people that are out there on the streets know that if it’s something important, they need to keep it close to them or in a place that’s easy for them to grab,” Coopersmith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the cleanup, the city posts a yellow flyer with information on how to get those non-discarded items back. Coopersmith said they put the notices close to where they found the items. They’ll keep things in storage for up to 90 days and deliver them back to the owner, according to the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Secory and her husband now live in a tent at one of two campgrounds the city has created on vacant land. The sites, known as Safe Sleeping sites, are operated by Dreams for Change, a nonprofit that provides homeless services and food distribution. The\u003ca href=\"https://www.sandiego.gov/sites/default/files/dfc-safe-sleeping-program.pdf\"> city provides restrooms and wash stations\u003c/a> and pays the nonprofit to provide outdoor sleeping arrangements, a daily meal and a snack. San Diego Mayor Todd Gloria has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kpbs.org/news/public-safety/2024/09/20/providers-city-leaders-and-researchers-say-safe-parking-fills-critical-gap-in-shelter-services\">asked the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development\u003c/a> to consider those sites as shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having somewhere to keep your stuff and not worry about it getting stolen or messed up, it’s a big help,” Secory said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego’s camping ordinance has made it more difficult for service providers like Jenni Wilkens to stay in contact with unhoused people. She manages the street health program at Father Joe’s Villages, a nonprofit that runs shelters and does outreach work. Staff from their Village Health Center visit encampments weekly to provide help such as wound care, substance use disorder counseling and prescription management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Prior to the ordinance going into effect, we had very, very tight relationships with the community members we were serving,” Wilkens said. “We always knew where we could find them. Follow-up was much, much easier. They knew where to expect us, and we just knew we were going to be able to find our folks. Since the camping ordinance passed, the abatement sweeps have been much more frequent and much more aggressive. So we have not been able to provide that quality follow-up care that we used to be able to provide, just because everybody is moving. We lose track of our patients.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the patients, Lee Alirez, has high blood pressure. She’d been dealing with headaches, blurred vision and chest pain before she got diagnosed. Moving her camp frequently has made it hard to stay in contact with the health team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a couple of different times they couldn’t find me, and I was just literally across the street and around the corner,” Alirez said. “And that was in the midst of all that, trying to figure out what was going on with my blood pressure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12029266\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12029266\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012825-MB_HOMELESS_MEDICAL-KPBS-CM-06-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1046\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012825-MB_HOMELESS_MEDICAL-KPBS-CM-06-copy.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012825-MB_HOMELESS_MEDICAL-KPBS-CM-06-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012825-MB_HOMELESS_MEDICAL-KPBS-CM-06-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012825-MB_HOMELESS_MEDICAL-KPBS-CM-06-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012825-MB_HOMELESS_MEDICAL-KPBS-CM-06-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lee Alirez sits with her dog on Jan. 28, 2025. \u003ccite>(Matt Bowler/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In some cases, Wilkens said, the frequent movement has made people more likely to accept shelter. But many others have moved to state property — freeway onramps and offramps, overpasses and under bridges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My team can’t put themselves at risk to reach our patients,” she said. “We also can’t go to a location and ask them to cross back over the freeway to see us. So they’re just getting further and further away from resources.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve Shebloski, a captain with the San Diego Police Department’s Neighborhood Policing Division, said the city’s police don’t have the resources or authority to enforce city ordinances on state land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I understand the frustration when people see an encampment go from city property, where it feels like officers are doing their job, and it goes right over the state property. That’s frustrating,” he said. “We can only do so much, and we have to focus on city property. And I don’t know if we can get into the world of policing 151 miles of state highways within the city.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July, Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/2024-Encampments-EO-7-24.pdf\">ordered state agencies (PDF)\u003c/a> to clear encampments from state property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for Caltrans District 11, which includes San Diego, wrote in an email that they prioritize removing encampments that present “a threat to infrastructure or people.” The agency gives a 48-hour notice to people in an encampment before a sweep, unless there’s an imminent safety risk, and gives social service providers and local governments two weeks’ notice so they can reach out to people staying there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shebloski said SDPD has been meeting with California Highway Patrol on how they can work together. But while the city’s neighborhood policing division has been active since 2018, Newsom’s executive order is less than a year old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you look at Caltrans and CHP, they have commuters. We have residents,” he said. “I think this is kind of a new thing for them to dive into.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Fresno\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s become less common these days to see large homeless encampments in and around downtown Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But spend any time there, and you’ll see something else: People walking the streets, pushing carts and strollers loaded with blankets and other necessities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12005898/fresno-rolls-out-one-of-californias-most-aggressive-camping-bans\">city\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article291219750.html\">county\u003c/a> banned camping on all public property last year, but the area still struggles with a shortage of shelter beds. Now Robert Fox, 32, sleeps on the ground with no tent because it makes it easier to leave when the police come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I gotta leave, all I gotta do is push the cart and get out of here,” Fox said. “Every morning we pack up and have our stuff ready to go. You can’t get attached to anything. You can’t get comfortable. You’re always on the move.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fox ended up outside after getting kicked out of a drug treatment program. He said he was selling drugs to raise money for new lodgings as the program’s end date approached. He spent a few nights at the nearby shelters, but to get a spot, he has to get in line early and spend hours waiting. If he does get a bed, he can’t bring all his belongings with him — so he worries about someone stealing what he has to leave on the street. It’s not worth it for one night inside, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12029269\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12029269\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/020525-Homeless-Encampment-Sweep-Fresno-LV_CM_22-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/020525-Homeless-Encampment-Sweep-Fresno-LV_CM_22-copy.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/020525-Homeless-Encampment-Sweep-Fresno-LV_CM_22-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/020525-Homeless-Encampment-Sweep-Fresno-LV_CM_22-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/020525-Homeless-Encampment-Sweep-Fresno-LV_CM_22-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/020525-Homeless-Encampment-Sweep-Fresno-LV_CM_22-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fresno Police and city workers conduct a homeless encampment sweep under a highway overpass in downtown on Feb. 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Larry Valenzuela/CalMatters/CatchLight Local)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Instead, he now sleeps on an empty dirt lot behind the Poverello House and Fresno Mission shelters, next to a set of railroad tracks and beneath an overpass. It’s near the methadone clinic he visits daily to keep himself off heroin and fentanyl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I had somewhere else to go, I wouldn’t be here,” Fox said. “Because they don’t really want us here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 100 people used to camp in the area around the Poverello House and Fresno Mission, and police mostly used to leave them alone, said advocates and people who live on the streets of Fresno.[aside postID=news_12019944 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/241203-FresnoCampingBan-74-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg']“Over time, people have gotten more scared to go down there,” said Dez Martinez, a formerly homeless advocate who founded the grassroots organization We Are Not Invisible. She said people worried about getting arrested as police began enforcing the new camping ordinance. “Ever since the ordinance went into effect, (there are) a lot less people. Now everybody’s going to ‘abandos’ (abandoned buildings).”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last fall, the city removed a large homeless encampment that had spread across streets surrounding the shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was not a very healthy and safe place for those that were camping there and for those nearby,” said Phil Skei, assistant director of the city’s Planning & Development Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The operation received a lot of fanfare — Mayor Jerry Dyer attended and \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/mayorjerrydyer/p/DB2N_R0yFNq/?img_index=1\">posted about it\u003c/a> on Instagram — and the city held dozens of shelter beds for people displaced from that area. Skei said the city brought 52 people into temporary shelter that day. Another roughly 30 left before the clean-up, and the city doesn’t know where they went.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Skei says the city had a bed for everyone who wanted one that day, that’s not always the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a common occurrence where we show up to a place where there’s one person camping or two people camping and we don’t have shelter beds available that day,” Skei said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12029272\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12029272\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2500\" height=\"833\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1.jpg 2500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1-800x267.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1-1020x340.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1-1536x512.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1-2048x682.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1-1920x640.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Left: Activist Dez Martinez uses her phone to record police officers as they detain an unhoused person for questioning off the highway in Fresno on Jan. 30, 2025. Right: A homeless encampment located on a dirt lot in West Fresno on Jan. 30, 2025. \u003ccite>(Larry Valenzuela/CalMatters/CatchLight Local)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By late January, three months after the Poverello House operation, the surrounding streets were still mostly clear. Martinez said she knows of people arrested after coming back to that area. Skei said in “a minority of cases,” the city does resort to arrests to keep areas from getting re-encamped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But though the streets were empty, Fox wasn’t the only one sleeping on the dirt lot behind the shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leron Bell, 39, said officers with the California Highway Patrol make him move every few days. They usually give a warning of up to 20 minutes, he said, and if he doesn’t move fast enough, they start confiscating things he hasn’t packed up yet. So far, he’s lost a tent, a bicycle, a gas stove, his ID and his birth certificate, which he’s still having a hard time replacing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I try to rush,” Bell said, “hurry up and try to put as much as I can in either my shopping cart or my wagon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once he’s packed, he goes to the other side of the railroad tracks and waits until the officers leave. He’s been in and out of shelters, but the strict rules make him feel like he’s in jail, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hate having to start over,” Bell said, “but, it’s like, I’m doing my best as I can being homeless.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four miles away, another group of tents, makeshift shelters and vehicles was scattered across an empty dirt lot behind a Family Dollar store. That’s where Roy Tellez, 62, was living when CalMatters spoke to him this winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, the police told him to pack up and leave his campside, so he did, he said. HHe was thirsty and needed water for his dog, so he pushed his cart, loaded with his belongings, to a store across the street. But police found him there and arrested him for camping, Tellez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he spent about four hours in jail — just long enough for people to steal all his belongings from where he left them on the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What was the whole point?” he asked. “What was the inconvenience about?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "CalMatters spent four months interviewing experts, requesting data and making a dozen visits to encampments in San Francisco and Fresno to document enforcement efforts and follow the unhoused people displaced when their camps were cleared. ",
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"title": "‘Look, There’s Nowhere Else to Go’: Inside California’s Crackdown on Homeless Camps | KQED",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/author/marisa-kendall/\">Marisa Kendall\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/author/katie-anastas/\">Katie Anastas\u003c/a>, CalMatters",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s been eight months since the U.S. Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2024/06/california-homeless-camps-grants-pass-ruling/\">fundamentally changed\u003c/a> how cities in California and beyond can respond to homeless encampments, allowing them to clear camps and arrest people for sleeping outside — even when there’s nowhere else to sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2024/06/california-homeless-camps-grants-pass-ruling/\">July ruling\u003c/a> in the case \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/23-175.html\">Grants Pass v. Johnson\u003c/a> upended six years of protections for unhoused people. It was a radical change, and it came as many Californians, from small business owners to Gov. Gavin Newsom, were fed up with regularly seeing tent camps that stretched for blocks, human feces smeared on sidewalks and people injecting drugs in the open. Once the Supreme Court gave the green light, even liberal strongholds such as San Francisco were quick to start removing camps — despite a collective outcry from activists supporting the rights of homeless Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What has that meant for people living outside?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CalMatters spent four months interviewing experts, requesting data and making a dozen visits to encampments in San Francisco and Fresno to document enforcement efforts and follow the unhoused people displaced when their camps were cleared. Our public media partner, KPBS, did extensive reporting and visits to encampments in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts agree clearing or “sweeping” encampments alone can’t end \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/category/housing/homelessness/\">homelessness\u003c/a>. But here’s what we did see over and over as a result of sweeps in those cities: people becoming more likely to lose touch with support services, people losing essential items they need to get into housing (such as birth certificates) or to survive the elements (such as tents) and people still stuck on the streets — sometimes in new locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some cases, cities try to pair enforcement with \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2025/02/california-homeless-shelters-purgatory/\">offers of a shelter bed\u003c/a> or other services. But shelter is generally in short supply, and the types of programs available often don’t work for everyone on the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cities are continuing with enforcement, anyway. Here’s what that looks like.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>San Francisco\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Linda Vazquez sat cross-legged on the sidewalk during an afternoon last fall, with two dogs in her lap and her hands cuffed behind her back. A police officer stood over her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beside her, balanced on a camp stove, sat the pot of chicharrones she’d been cooking for lunch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vazquez, 52, was clearly upset. “Because I did \u003cem>so \u003c/em>bad,” she yelled sarcastically at the officer, who was citing her for “unauthorized lodging,” a misdemeanor under California’s penal code. “This is the biggest crime ever.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The police didn’t end up taking Vazquez to jail, and instead gave her a slip of paper with a date to show up in court. They did confiscate the tarp she was sheltering under as “evidence,” making it harder for her to survive on the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/homelessness/2025/02/california-homeless-camping-citation-trials/\">citation \u003c/a>was Vazquez’s second in two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within hours, Vazquez was back, setting up camp in the same spot — a block that had essentially become hers. Vazquez was known throughout the neighborhood, always surrounded by dogs and friends. On any given day, you might find her cooking meals to share, giving away blankets and other provisions to her unhoused neighbors or hitting people who caused trouble on the block with a blast of water from her Super Soaker squirt gun. At night, she watched horror movies on a tablet in her tent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vazquez continued to camp there for the next three months and received at least one more citation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I said, ‘look, there’s nowhere else to go,’” Vazquez said. ‘“All the other places are doing the same thing. So where do you want me to go? Where do you want me to hide out?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A California native, Vazquez grew up bouncing between Modesto, Santa Cruz, Gilroy, Monterey and other places as her mother found work on different farms. Her life took a turn for the worse in her 20s when, she says, her former partner became abusive. She fled to San Francisco in 1998, and for the past few years has been bouncing between the street, shelters and subsidized housing placements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Encampment removals in Vazquez’s neighborhood — a handful of alleys that run between Van Ness Avenue and Larkin Street at the edge of San Francisco’s Tenderloin neighborhood — have fallen into a predictable rhythm. There are sweeps nearly every Monday and Friday, regular as clockwork.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12029253\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12029253\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/111924_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_04-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/111924_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_04-copy.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/111924_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_04-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/111924_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_04-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/111924_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_04-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/111924_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_04-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘It’s ridiculous because, if it was actually sweeping, then I’d understand, but since it’s not actually sweeping, the fuck are you moving me for? Then I got to deal with all this shit, then all the toppings you want to put on it, like getting citations, going to jail and all that. Why?’ said Linda Vazquez, 52. Above, Vazquez tidies her belongings outside of her tent on Cedar Street in San Francisco on Nov. 19, 2024. \u003ccite>(Jungho Kim for CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12029259\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12029259\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2500\" height=\"833\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image.jpg 2500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-800x267.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1020x340.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1536x512.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-2048x682.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1920x640.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Left: Linda Vazquez holds a citation for ‘unauthorized lodging’ from the San Francisco Police Department in San Francisco on Nov. 15, 2024. Right: An encampment on Cedar Street in San Francisco on Nov. 19, 2024. \u003ccite>(Jungho Kim for CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>CalMatters visited that area about twice a week for five weeks last fall. During that time, city outreach teams spoke with people camping there 138 times, according to Jackie Thornhill, spokesperson for the city’s Department of Emergency Management. They placed people in shelter 27 times, and placed one person in permanent housing. Police made 16 arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On most days during that five-week span, CalMatters saw several people camped on each block, despite the frequent sweeps. Their reasons for living on the street varied. Many couldn’t stand being in a shelter. One man said he once saw a fellow shelter resident get raped, and since then, he’s avoided those facilities at all costs. A woman CalMatters spoke with said she already had housing in a city-funded SRO, but she’s a victim of domestic violence, and her abuser found out where she lives. Now, she doesn’t feel safe going back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2025/02/california-homeless-shelters-purgatory/\">CalMatters investigation\u003c/a> revealed that many California shelters are a purgatory — plagued by unsanitary and unsafe conditions, and operating with next-to-no oversight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people opt to sleep on the street and try to be gone in the morning before the city shows up to kick them out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not uncommon for as many as a dozen city workers to participate in an encampment removal, including police, fire department paramedics and staff from the city’s Department of Emergency Management, Homeless Outreach Team and Encampment Resolution Team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That work is coordinated by Mary Ellen Carroll, executive director of the city’s Department of Emergency Management. The goal, she said, is to clean up and offer people services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes people will get up and move around and come back after,” said Carroll, who was on site as her team cleaned up encampments in Vazquez’s neighborhood on a Friday afternoon last fall. “But…it’s a matter of consistency, to just keep coming and addressing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On that Friday, Carroll’s team spoke with 13 people camping in the alleyways between Van Ness and Larkin. None of them accepted a shelter bed. From January through early November 2024, her team engaged with people in that area 930 times, and referred people to shelter 180 times. In another 47 cases, the person already had housing or shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Typically, only between 20% and 30% of people accept a shelter bed when it’s offered, according to the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With those low placement numbers, and with people returning over and over to camp on the same streets, are the city’s efforts helping?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that it is helping, overall,” Carroll said. Clearing encampments is just part of a broader strategy that includes outreach and services, but it’s an important piece, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To David Schmitz, a 60-year-old photographer who lives in an apartment overlooking the street where Vazquez camps, the encampment sweeps have made a difference. When he first moved in, about four months earlier, it was common to see at least a dozen tents on the street. People frequently urinated against his garage door, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the November afternoon that he spoke to CalMatters, the city had just finished a clean-up that left the street spotless — not a tent or piece of trash in sight. Schmitz said he’d never seen it so clean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12029262\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12029262\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/111524_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_06-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/111524_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_06-copy.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/111524_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_06-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/111524_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_06-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/111524_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_06-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/111524_Anatomy-Of-A-Sweep-JK_CM_06-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An unhoused man carries a tarp and some of his belongings across Polk Street during a homeless encampment sweep in San Francisco on Nov. 15, 2024. Unhoused people on Cedar Street are forced to move their shelters and belongings on a regular basis by San Francisco city workers. \u003ccite>(Jungho Kim for CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I was euphoric,” he said. “I was like, this is amazing. This is what it could be like, you know. If it were like this … I would see my neighbors more. It wouldn’t be such an apocalyptic feeling to come out here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not everyone caught camping gets cited or arrested. Police typically give people citations if they have pitched a tent or strung up a tarp, like Vazquez did, to use as shelter, but not if they are sleeping in the open on just a blanket, said Sgt. J. Ellison with the police department’s Healthy Streets Operation Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ellison sees Vazquez frequently because many of the city’s shelter and transitional housing programs won’t allow all of Vazquez’s dogs. She has three, and she’s unwilling to give any up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can’t leave them,” Vazquez said, “because I’ve had them since they were the size of my hand.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, nearly every Monday and Friday, Vazquez and her friends packed up everything they owned and moved around the corner, waiting there until the police and other city personnel left and they could return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent rainy Monday afternoon, Vazquez was sick, huddling in a small tent with a hairdryer on (using jumper cables to siphon power from a nearby street light) to keep warm. The city came three days earlier and took her larger, gray tent, tarps, portable heater and other belongings, she said. It was raining then, too, and Vazquez said she stood outside in the rain for hours until a friend could give her a new tent. All her clothes got soaked — as did the two paper camping citations that told her when she was supposed to appear in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city was coming again that afternoon to clear the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t have no energy at all,” Vazquez said, sniffling and coughing. “But I have to move.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not long after, Vazquez found a hotel in San Francisco that agreed to take her and her three dogs. A room there costs $70 a day — money Vazquez pays with her disability benefits. She found the place on her own, without the city’s help, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vazquez isn’t sure how long she’ll be able to keep up with the payments. But she has a more pressing concern: The hotel is making her leave temporarily, so that it doesn’t have to grant her tenant’s rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where will she go until she can return?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I guess I’m going to be in a tent for three days,” she said. “And then I’m going to come back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>San Diego\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>San Diego’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kpbs.org/news/local/2023/07/31/san-diegos-unsafe-camping-ordinance-enforcement-begins\">unsafe camping ordinance\u003c/a> went into effect nearly a year before the U.S. Supreme Court’s Grants Pass decision. It prohibits tent camping in all public spaces if shelter beds are available, and near homeless shelters, schools, parks and transit centers regardless of shelter availability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also outlined the process for clearing encampments, reducing \u003ca href=\"https://www.sandiego.gov/homelessness-strategies-and-solutions/about/legal-settlements#:~:text=Isaiah%20Settlement%20(2011)&text=A%20one%2Dtime%20settlement%20payment,individuals%20could%20store%20personal%20belongings.\">a previous 72-hour\u003c/a> notice to just 24 hours. Part of the process includes the city’s Environmental Services Department posting neon green notices prior to clearing an encampment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aldea Secory has gotten used to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every other day, pretty much, they make us clean up and move,” she said. She and her husband found they could avoid the sweeps for a while if they stayed near the freeway, on state property the California Department of Transportation oversees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were on the side of the freeway for, like, a month,” Secory said. Then, she said, the California Highway Patrol swept that site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the last time we lost all our stuff,” she said. “It’s heartbreaking to come back to that. You have to start over again and again and again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty-four hours after the green notices get posted on fences, light posts, tents or nearby vegetation, city staff take photos of the site and look through any remaining bags, boxes and other items that might contain valuable belongings, such as paperwork or medication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12029263\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12029263\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012125-NoticeSignEncampment-KPBS-CM-01-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1027\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012125-NoticeSignEncampment-KPBS-CM-01-copy.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012125-NoticeSignEncampment-KPBS-CM-01-copy-800x524.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012125-NoticeSignEncampment-KPBS-CM-01-copy-1020x668.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012125-NoticeSignEncampment-KPBS-CM-01-copy-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012125-NoticeSignEncampment-KPBS-CM-01-copy-1536x1006.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A flyer giving 24 hours’ notice before an encampment cleanup hangs in Downtown San Diego on Jan. 21, 2025. \u003ccite>(Katie Anastas/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Franklin Coopersmith, deputy director of the Environmental Services Department’s Clean SD Division, said cleanup can take around 10 to 30 minutes in places with frequent sweeps, such as downtown surface streets. In more remote areas, like canyons, it can take several days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Secory said she’s had valuable items discarded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’ve thrown brand new things away,” she said. “I had a brand new $35, $40 bag of dog food just thrown away. Beds, clothes, it doesn’t matter. Birth certificates, medication. Doesn’t matter. They just throw it away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Personal items can get discarded for a few reasons, Coopersmith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes, he said, they’re in pockets or containers city employees might miss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of times, too, people are storing them with food that’s spoiled or bags that have gotten wet and they’ve turned moldy,” he said. “We’re not going to be searching a moldy bag that might have a birth certificate at the very bottom of it. If they’re putting their ID or something next to a meth pipe, our code officers aren’t going to be going through that stuff to figure it out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any remaining items soiled with moisture, food, human waste, pet waste, insect infestation, drug paraphernalia or in disrepair are then discarded,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.sandiego.gov/homelessness-strategies-and-solutions/services/abatement\">their policy reads\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most people that are out there on the streets know that if it’s something important, they need to keep it close to them or in a place that’s easy for them to grab,” Coopersmith said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the cleanup, the city posts a yellow flyer with information on how to get those non-discarded items back. Coopersmith said they put the notices close to where they found the items. They’ll keep things in storage for up to 90 days and deliver them back to the owner, according to the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Secory and her husband now live in a tent at one of two campgrounds the city has created on vacant land. The sites, known as Safe Sleeping sites, are operated by Dreams for Change, a nonprofit that provides homeless services and food distribution. The\u003ca href=\"https://www.sandiego.gov/sites/default/files/dfc-safe-sleeping-program.pdf\"> city provides restrooms and wash stations\u003c/a> and pays the nonprofit to provide outdoor sleeping arrangements, a daily meal and a snack. San Diego Mayor Todd Gloria has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kpbs.org/news/public-safety/2024/09/20/providers-city-leaders-and-researchers-say-safe-parking-fills-critical-gap-in-shelter-services\">asked the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development\u003c/a> to consider those sites as shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having somewhere to keep your stuff and not worry about it getting stolen or messed up, it’s a big help,” Secory said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Diego’s camping ordinance has made it more difficult for service providers like Jenni Wilkens to stay in contact with unhoused people. She manages the street health program at Father Joe’s Villages, a nonprofit that runs shelters and does outreach work. Staff from their Village Health Center visit encampments weekly to provide help such as wound care, substance use disorder counseling and prescription management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Prior to the ordinance going into effect, we had very, very tight relationships with the community members we were serving,” Wilkens said. “We always knew where we could find them. Follow-up was much, much easier. They knew where to expect us, and we just knew we were going to be able to find our folks. Since the camping ordinance passed, the abatement sweeps have been much more frequent and much more aggressive. So we have not been able to provide that quality follow-up care that we used to be able to provide, just because everybody is moving. We lose track of our patients.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the patients, Lee Alirez, has high blood pressure. She’d been dealing with headaches, blurred vision and chest pain before she got diagnosed. Moving her camp frequently has made it hard to stay in contact with the health team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a couple of different times they couldn’t find me, and I was just literally across the street and around the corner,” Alirez said. “And that was in the midst of all that, trying to figure out what was going on with my blood pressure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12029266\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12029266\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012825-MB_HOMELESS_MEDICAL-KPBS-CM-06-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1046\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012825-MB_HOMELESS_MEDICAL-KPBS-CM-06-copy.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012825-MB_HOMELESS_MEDICAL-KPBS-CM-06-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012825-MB_HOMELESS_MEDICAL-KPBS-CM-06-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012825-MB_HOMELESS_MEDICAL-KPBS-CM-06-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/012825-MB_HOMELESS_MEDICAL-KPBS-CM-06-copy-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lee Alirez sits with her dog on Jan. 28, 2025. \u003ccite>(Matt Bowler/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In some cases, Wilkens said, the frequent movement has made people more likely to accept shelter. But many others have moved to state property — freeway onramps and offramps, overpasses and under bridges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My team can’t put themselves at risk to reach our patients,” she said. “We also can’t go to a location and ask them to cross back over the freeway to see us. So they’re just getting further and further away from resources.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve Shebloski, a captain with the San Diego Police Department’s Neighborhood Policing Division, said the city’s police don’t have the resources or authority to enforce city ordinances on state land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I understand the frustration when people see an encampment go from city property, where it feels like officers are doing their job, and it goes right over the state property. That’s frustrating,” he said. “We can only do so much, and we have to focus on city property. And I don’t know if we can get into the world of policing 151 miles of state highways within the city.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July, Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/2024-Encampments-EO-7-24.pdf\">ordered state agencies (PDF)\u003c/a> to clear encampments from state property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for Caltrans District 11, which includes San Diego, wrote in an email that they prioritize removing encampments that present “a threat to infrastructure or people.” The agency gives a 48-hour notice to people in an encampment before a sweep, unless there’s an imminent safety risk, and gives social service providers and local governments two weeks’ notice so they can reach out to people staying there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shebloski said SDPD has been meeting with California Highway Patrol on how they can work together. But while the city’s neighborhood policing division has been active since 2018, Newsom’s executive order is less than a year old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you look at Caltrans and CHP, they have commuters. We have residents,” he said. “I think this is kind of a new thing for them to dive into.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Fresno\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s become less common these days to see large homeless encampments in and around downtown Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But spend any time there, and you’ll see something else: People walking the streets, pushing carts and strollers loaded with blankets and other necessities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12005898/fresno-rolls-out-one-of-californias-most-aggressive-camping-bans\">city\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article291219750.html\">county\u003c/a> banned camping on all public property last year, but the area still struggles with a shortage of shelter beds. Now Robert Fox, 32, sleeps on the ground with no tent because it makes it easier to leave when the police come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I gotta leave, all I gotta do is push the cart and get out of here,” Fox said. “Every morning we pack up and have our stuff ready to go. You can’t get attached to anything. You can’t get comfortable. You’re always on the move.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fox ended up outside after getting kicked out of a drug treatment program. He said he was selling drugs to raise money for new lodgings as the program’s end date approached. He spent a few nights at the nearby shelters, but to get a spot, he has to get in line early and spend hours waiting. If he does get a bed, he can’t bring all his belongings with him — so he worries about someone stealing what he has to leave on the street. It’s not worth it for one night inside, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12029269\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12029269\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/020525-Homeless-Encampment-Sweep-Fresno-LV_CM_22-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/020525-Homeless-Encampment-Sweep-Fresno-LV_CM_22-copy.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/020525-Homeless-Encampment-Sweep-Fresno-LV_CM_22-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/020525-Homeless-Encampment-Sweep-Fresno-LV_CM_22-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/020525-Homeless-Encampment-Sweep-Fresno-LV_CM_22-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/020525-Homeless-Encampment-Sweep-Fresno-LV_CM_22-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fresno Police and city workers conduct a homeless encampment sweep under a highway overpass in downtown on Feb. 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Larry Valenzuela/CalMatters/CatchLight Local)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Instead, he now sleeps on an empty dirt lot behind the Poverello House and Fresno Mission shelters, next to a set of railroad tracks and beneath an overpass. It’s near the methadone clinic he visits daily to keep himself off heroin and fentanyl.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I had somewhere else to go, I wouldn’t be here,” Fox said. “Because they don’t really want us here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 100 people used to camp in the area around the Poverello House and Fresno Mission, and police mostly used to leave them alone, said advocates and people who live on the streets of Fresno.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Over time, people have gotten more scared to go down there,” said Dez Martinez, a formerly homeless advocate who founded the grassroots organization We Are Not Invisible. She said people worried about getting arrested as police began enforcing the new camping ordinance. “Ever since the ordinance went into effect, (there are) a lot less people. Now everybody’s going to ‘abandos’ (abandoned buildings).”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last fall, the city removed a large homeless encampment that had spread across streets surrounding the shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was not a very healthy and safe place for those that were camping there and for those nearby,” said Phil Skei, assistant director of the city’s Planning & Development Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The operation received a lot of fanfare — Mayor Jerry Dyer attended and \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/mayorjerrydyer/p/DB2N_R0yFNq/?img_index=1\">posted about it\u003c/a> on Instagram — and the city held dozens of shelter beds for people displaced from that area. Skei said the city brought 52 people into temporary shelter that day. Another roughly 30 left before the clean-up, and the city doesn’t know where they went.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Skei says the city had a bed for everyone who wanted one that day, that’s not always the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a common occurrence where we show up to a place where there’s one person camping or two people camping and we don’t have shelter beds available that day,” Skei said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12029272\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12029272\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2500\" height=\"833\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1.jpg 2500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1-800x267.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1-1020x340.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1-1536x512.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1-2048x682.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/Copy-of-KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1-1920x640.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Left: Activist Dez Martinez uses her phone to record police officers as they detain an unhoused person for questioning off the highway in Fresno on Jan. 30, 2025. Right: A homeless encampment located on a dirt lot in West Fresno on Jan. 30, 2025. \u003ccite>(Larry Valenzuela/CalMatters/CatchLight Local)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By late January, three months after the Poverello House operation, the surrounding streets were still mostly clear. Martinez said she knows of people arrested after coming back to that area. Skei said in “a minority of cases,” the city does resort to arrests to keep areas from getting re-encamped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But though the streets were empty, Fox wasn’t the only one sleeping on the dirt lot behind the shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leron Bell, 39, said officers with the California Highway Patrol make him move every few days. They usually give a warning of up to 20 minutes, he said, and if he doesn’t move fast enough, they start confiscating things he hasn’t packed up yet. So far, he’s lost a tent, a bicycle, a gas stove, his ID and his birth certificate, which he’s still having a hard time replacing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I try to rush,” Bell said, “hurry up and try to put as much as I can in either my shopping cart or my wagon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once he’s packed, he goes to the other side of the railroad tracks and waits until the officers leave. He’s been in and out of shelters, but the strict rules make him feel like he’s in jail, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hate having to start over,” Bell said, “but, it’s like, I’m doing my best as I can being homeless.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four miles away, another group of tents, makeshift shelters and vehicles was scattered across an empty dirt lot behind a Family Dollar store. That’s where Roy Tellez, 62, was living when CalMatters spoke to him this winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, the police told him to pack up and leave his campside, so he did, he said. HHe was thirsty and needed water for his dog, so he pushed his cart, loaded with his belongings, to a store across the street. But police found him there and arrested him for camping, Tellez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he spent about four hours in jail — just long enough for people to steal all his belongings from where he left them on the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What was the whole point?” he asked. “What was the inconvenience about?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A man was crushed to death in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/vallejo\">Vallejo\u003c/a> during a city-run cleanup on Christmas Eve, city officials said Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vallejo homeless advocate Eli Smith said she knew the man, James Oakley II, as a local unhoused resident. She said he was living in the area where workers were clearing debris. The Solano County Coroner’s Office confirmed Oakley’s name, identifying him as a 58-year-old American Canyon resident. Smith said he grew up there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The disclosure comes two months after the Dec. 24 incident, during which officials said a public works crew “encountered” an injured man who was later confirmed to have been “compressed within the debris.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coroner determined the cause of death was multiple blunt force injuries. In a press release, the city said those were “likely sustained accidentally by the heavy equipment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City officials did not immediately return requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12028502 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/Evelyn-Alfred-3-1020x765.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith said accelerated efforts to clear encampments and remove unhoused people’s property have left them more vulnerable to incidents like this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are forced to become less visible because they no longer have tents. They are not in a community. They are no longer as noticeable because they don’t have shelter,” she said. “People will sleep under a tarp. People will try to find something to kind of get underneath.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Vallejo Police Department investigated the death and found no indication of “intent to cause harm, bodily injury or death,” city officials said, and the district attorney’s office found there wasn’t enough evidence to file criminal charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other people experiencing homelessness have been killed in similar incidents. A 33-year-old woman was \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-modesto-death-20180830-story.html\">killed in Modesto in 2018\u003c/a> when a frontloader hit her during a CalTrans cleanup. Last month, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/homeless-atlanta-ebenezer-mlk-ff421e31ebc13dc53919190074931c42\">an Atlanta man\u003c/a> was crushed inside a tent by a bulldozer during a cleanup ahead of Martin Luther King Jr. Day festivities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cities across California and beyond have ramped up encampment sweeps since the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11983492/how-a-pivotal-case-on-homelessness-could-redefine-policies-in-california-and-the-nation\">Supreme Court granted them more power\u003c/a> to enforce anti-camping laws last summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The city sends its deepest condolences to the family of the deceased person,” Vallejo City Manager Andrew Murray said in a statement. “This was a tragic accident.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith said accelerated efforts to clear encampments and remove unhoused people’s property have left them more vulnerable to incidents like this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are forced to become less visible because they no longer have tents. They are not in a community. They are no longer as noticeable because they don’t have shelter,” she said. “People will sleep under a tarp. People will try to find something to kind of get underneath.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Vallejo Police Department investigated the death and found no indication of “intent to cause harm, bodily injury or death,” city officials said, and the district attorney’s office found there wasn’t enough evidence to file criminal charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other people experiencing homelessness have been killed in similar incidents. A 33-year-old woman was \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-modesto-death-20180830-story.html\">killed in Modesto in 2018\u003c/a> when a frontloader hit her during a CalTrans cleanup. Last month, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/homeless-atlanta-ebenezer-mlk-ff421e31ebc13dc53919190074931c42\">an Atlanta man\u003c/a> was crushed inside a tent by a bulldozer during a cleanup ahead of Martin Luther King Jr. Day festivities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cities across California and beyond have ramped up encampment sweeps since the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11983492/how-a-pivotal-case-on-homelessness-could-redefine-policies-in-california-and-the-nation\">Supreme Court granted them more power\u003c/a> to enforce anti-camping laws last summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The city sends its deepest condolences to the family of the deceased person,” Vallejo City Manager Andrew Murray said in a statement. “This was a tragic accident.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>As San José Mayor Matt Mahan continues to champion a drastic shift toward \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026437/san-jose-mayor-proposes-permanent-shift-homeless-funding-from-housing-shelter\">shorter-term solutions\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026630/san-jose-has-an-idea-to-bring-street-homelessness-to-functional-zero-can-it-work\">ending street homelessness\u003c/a>, the city is rolling out another avenue to that end: busing people who are unhoused to family members or friends who will take them in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan and city housing officials say the pilot program, called Homeward Bound, will serve as another tool in the city’s kit to help bring thousands of people who currently have nowhere else to go into a managed living situation. It is set to start as soon as this week and will provide up to $1,000 for bus and train tickets as far away as the East Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of the people living and dying on our streets have a loved one who cares for them,” Mahan said during a Tuesday press conference outside City Hall. “Many have connections and ties to places they can’t reach. And each one has a different story, a different reason for being on the streets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, a local advocate for unhoused people and a Bay Area homelessness researcher are skeptical the program will be effective and are concerned about the lack of follow-up and limited data from similar programs run in other cities. In San Francisco, which has \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/sf/article/sf-homeless-people-bus-program-19257394.php\">had similar programs\u003c/a> running for two decades, the success of those efforts has been hard to track, and of what data there is, the \u003ca href=\"https://sfstandard.com/2024/08/22/homeless-humboldt-bus-san-francisco-other-states/\">results are mixed\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan acknowledged the program, which will be funded with $200,000 of city money and run by its outreach workers or contractors, will not be a fit for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But it’s the right program for anyone trying to get home, trying to restart their lives and reconnect with family or friends who are willing to help,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program doesn’t have any firmly defined goals or benchmarks, but Mahan and city officials said San José will be collecting information about who uses it and plan to analyze that when deciding whether to expand the effort in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Gail Osmer, an advocate who regularly assists unhoused people with finding resources and services, the program feels like the wrong approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Out of sight, out of mind,” Osmer said, adding that she feels Mahan is just using this program as a way to shift homelessness off of San José’s list of things to address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do you think the unhoused are going to trust a stranger or somebody they don’t really know to give them information or even talk to them about going home?” Osmer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12026437]She also expressed concern that the city wouldn’t be able to ensure people remain housed and safe wherever they end up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What if somebody is clean and sober, and they send them home, and they’re in a home where there’s alcoholism?” Osmer said. “I think this is just a way to get rid of the unhoused.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, a \u003ca href=\"https://hsh.sfgov.org/services/the-homelessness-response-system/problem-solving/relocation-assistance-programs/\">data dashboard\u003c/a> from the city’s Department of Homelessness and Supportive Housing shows that 1,159 people used one of the city’s three relocation assistance programs from Fiscal Year 2022 to present. However, the dashboard does not include any data about where people end up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/sf/article/sf-homeless-people-bus-program-19257394.php\">San Francisco Chronicle reported last year\u003c/a> that about 60% of people remained with their friends or family after follow-ups. The rest could not be tracked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of clear data on the outcomes for people using the program concerns Dr. Jamie Chang, an associate professor at UC Berkeley’s School of Social Welfare, whose research focuses on homelessness and substance use treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that while these programs might temporarily be effective at removing people from an area, without a system in place to ensure their success elsewhere, I’m skeptical about its overall efficacy,” Chang told KQED. “We don’t really know what happens to people once they’re dropped off at their destination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also said the programs should be monitored and tracked closely so they are not used to coerce people to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12026630]Erik Soliván, San José’s director of housing, said the city has evaluated San Francisco’s program and plans to have case managers speak with the person who would be taking in their unhoused friend or family member upfront to verify that it will be safe and stable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The learning from the San Francisco model is that we have to do some due diligence and put an expectation on the individual that once you land, call us,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, there won’t be too many restrictions in place, and there won’t be continued follow-up once a person has made it to their landing spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not going to require a family member because maybe it’s a friend. We’re not going to require that the landing place be a particular house because maybe it’s an ADU they’re living in. There’s lots of options,” Soliván said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that outreach workers will be authorized to spend up to $500 during routine conversations with unhoused people to set them up with transportation or up to $1,000 after receiving a supervisor’s approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re going to have iPads and phones to make that transaction available. So that way, if it’s just a ticket to go to Portland and hop on a bus, you can make that happen today and turn it around,” Soliván said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chang said the program could be effective for some people who have access to support in another place, but that is uncommon among people experiencing homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not the inability to get a ticket to go home that’s the issue,” she said. “For most people who are homeless, it’s actually having a safe place to go home to begin with, as well as having the adequate services to treat trauma, and mental health, and access to quality substance use treatment.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As San José Mayor Matt Mahan continues to champion a drastic shift toward \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026437/san-jose-mayor-proposes-permanent-shift-homeless-funding-from-housing-shelter\">shorter-term solutions\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026630/san-jose-has-an-idea-to-bring-street-homelessness-to-functional-zero-can-it-work\">ending street homelessness\u003c/a>, the city is rolling out another avenue to that end: busing people who are unhoused to family members or friends who will take them in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan and city housing officials say the pilot program, called Homeward Bound, will serve as another tool in the city’s kit to help bring thousands of people who currently have nowhere else to go into a managed living situation. It is set to start as soon as this week and will provide up to $1,000 for bus and train tickets as far away as the East Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of the people living and dying on our streets have a loved one who cares for them,” Mahan said during a Tuesday press conference outside City Hall. “Many have connections and ties to places they can’t reach. And each one has a different story, a different reason for being on the streets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, a local advocate for unhoused people and a Bay Area homelessness researcher are skeptical the program will be effective and are concerned about the lack of follow-up and limited data from similar programs run in other cities. In San Francisco, which has \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/sf/article/sf-homeless-people-bus-program-19257394.php\">had similar programs\u003c/a> running for two decades, the success of those efforts has been hard to track, and of what data there is, the \u003ca href=\"https://sfstandard.com/2024/08/22/homeless-humboldt-bus-san-francisco-other-states/\">results are mixed\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan acknowledged the program, which will be funded with $200,000 of city money and run by its outreach workers or contractors, will not be a fit for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But it’s the right program for anyone trying to get home, trying to restart their lives and reconnect with family or friends who are willing to help,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program doesn’t have any firmly defined goals or benchmarks, but Mahan and city officials said San José will be collecting information about who uses it and plan to analyze that when deciding whether to expand the effort in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Gail Osmer, an advocate who regularly assists unhoused people with finding resources and services, the program feels like the wrong approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Out of sight, out of mind,” Osmer said, adding that she feels Mahan is just using this program as a way to shift homelessness off of San José’s list of things to address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do you think the unhoused are going to trust a stranger or somebody they don’t really know to give them information or even talk to them about going home?” Osmer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>She also expressed concern that the city wouldn’t be able to ensure people remain housed and safe wherever they end up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What if somebody is clean and sober, and they send them home, and they’re in a home where there’s alcoholism?” Osmer said. “I think this is just a way to get rid of the unhoused.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, a \u003ca href=\"https://hsh.sfgov.org/services/the-homelessness-response-system/problem-solving/relocation-assistance-programs/\">data dashboard\u003c/a> from the city’s Department of Homelessness and Supportive Housing shows that 1,159 people used one of the city’s three relocation assistance programs from Fiscal Year 2022 to present. However, the dashboard does not include any data about where people end up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/sf/article/sf-homeless-people-bus-program-19257394.php\">San Francisco Chronicle reported last year\u003c/a> that about 60% of people remained with their friends or family after follow-ups. The rest could not be tracked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of clear data on the outcomes for people using the program concerns Dr. Jamie Chang, an associate professor at UC Berkeley’s School of Social Welfare, whose research focuses on homelessness and substance use treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that while these programs might temporarily be effective at removing people from an area, without a system in place to ensure their success elsewhere, I’m skeptical about its overall efficacy,” Chang told KQED. “We don’t really know what happens to people once they’re dropped off at their destination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also said the programs should be monitored and tracked closely so they are not used to coerce people to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Erik Soliván, San José’s director of housing, said the city has evaluated San Francisco’s program and plans to have case managers speak with the person who would be taking in their unhoused friend or family member upfront to verify that it will be safe and stable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The learning from the San Francisco model is that we have to do some due diligence and put an expectation on the individual that once you land, call us,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, there won’t be too many restrictions in place, and there won’t be continued follow-up once a person has made it to their landing spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not going to require a family member because maybe it’s a friend. We’re not going to require that the landing place be a particular house because maybe it’s an ADU they’re living in. There’s lots of options,” Soliván said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that outreach workers will be authorized to spend up to $500 during routine conversations with unhoused people to set them up with transportation or up to $1,000 after receiving a supervisor’s approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re going to have iPads and phones to make that transaction available. So that way, if it’s just a ticket to go to Portland and hop on a bus, you can make that happen today and turn it around,” Soliván said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chang said the program could be effective for some people who have access to support in another place, but that is uncommon among people experiencing homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not the inability to get a ticket to go home that’s the issue,” she said. “For most people who are homeless, it’s actually having a safe place to go home to begin with, as well as having the adequate services to treat trauma, and mental health, and access to quality substance use treatment.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Over the course of two years, Evelyn Alfred built a home on vacant city-owned land in Vallejo. Using wooden beams, insulation, tarps and some experience in construction, she built a two-room structure, complete with windows and blinds, a shower, leather couches and a raised bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Alfred, who is 64 years old, has several disabilities, and has been unhoused for more than two decades, her makeshift home provided shelter and stability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when city officials told her she had to leave in late October, her eviction seemed all but inevitable. Just a few months earlier, the Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11991340/supreme-court-says-laws-criminalizing-homeless-camping-do-not-violate-constitution\">had given cities greater leeway to remove people\u003c/a> living in structures like hers, under threat of fines and jail time — even if no alternative shelter was available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of a sudden, I got a notice, [a] lady came and said you got 72 hours notice … And I said ‘I can’t move in 72 hours,’” Alfred recalled. “There’s no way.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She sued. And earlier this month, a district court judge determined she could stay until the case is resolved in a victory legal advocates say is the first of its kind in the country since the Supreme Court’s order last year — and one they say could have broad implications for legal fights over homeless encampments across the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People experiencing homelessness and their allies have long used the courts to fight what they see as overly aggressive tactics to remove them from city streets, but the Supreme Court’s recent decision \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12000606/scenes-from-san-franciscos-unhoused-encampment-sweeps\">dealt them a major blow\u003c/a>. Now, with Alfred’s case, they’re hoping another legal strategy has gained a foothold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It sends a message that the courts recognize unhoused people have multiple constitutional rights that may be violated by criminalization or sweeps policies,” said Tristia Bauman, an attorney with the Law Foundation of Silicon Valley who specializes in laws related to homelessness but wasn’t involved in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not everyone, however, thinks it’s a winning argument. Ilan Wurman, an attorney who’s pioneered legal arguments brought by business owners against cities in an effort to force them to clean encampments, said the Supreme Court’s decision upheld an established legal precedent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The courts are going to see through it,” Wurman said. “The nub of the Supreme Court’s prior ruling was that these municipal regulations and ordinances fit comfortably within a longstanding tradition of reasonable police powers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, even Wurman admitted Alfred’s case was likely to inspire new litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since last year’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11983492/how-a-pivotal-case-on-homelessness-could-redefine-policies-in-california-and-the-nation\">Supreme Court decision in City of Grants Pass, Oregon v. Johnson\u003c/a>, cities across California have moved to \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/homelessness/2024/09/camping-ban-ordinances/\">crackdown on encampments\u003c/a>. By the National Homelessness Law Center’s tally, some 40 California jurisdictions have passed or strengthened laws governing homelessness, among them Fremont, which earlier this month adopted what’s believed to be one of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026580/this-bay-area-city-just-passed-the-most-extreme-encampment-ban-in-california\">broadest anti-camping laws\u003c/a> in the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12026580]Vallejo has a \u003ca href=\"https://library.municode.com/ca/vallejo/codes/municipal_code?nodeId=TIT7PUHESAWE_IVOFAGPUHESA_CH7.67UNCASTPEPRPU\">longstanding camping ban on the books\u003c/a>, and relied on that, its \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofvallejo.net/common/pages/DisplayFile.aspx?itemId=17972007\">encampment policy\u003c/a> and the state penal code and in its attempt to clear the camp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Alfred’s case, however, federal District Court Judge Dena Coggins found that Vallejo’s plan to raze her shelter while failing to offer Alfred any alternative and barring her from camping anywhere in the city would likely “expose her to more dangerous conditions than she currently faces” — a violation of her due process rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her order, Coggins pointed out Alfred had submitted applications with multiple services providers and had reached out to more than a dozen apartment buildings, only to run into waiting lists. The city, meanwhile, had done next to nothing to connect Alfred with housing resources and had given her closer to 65 hours notice to leave, in an apparent violation of its own policies, according to the judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city did not provide an interview or written statement in response to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12028489\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1131px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12028489\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/image00000112.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1131\" height=\"848\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/image00000112.jpg 1131w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/image00000112-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/image00000112-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/image00000112-160x120.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1131px) 100vw, 1131px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Evelyn Alfred built this makeshift structure on vacant city-owned land across from the Vallejo marina over the course of two years. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Eli Smith)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In her scathing dissent on the Grants Pass ruling, Justice Sonia Sotomayor pointed to the due process clause as a possible avenue for challenging “anti-homelessness ordinances,” writing it “may well place constitutional limits” on such policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was the legal argument Alfred’s lawyers presented to Coggins, but until her ruling, those arguments \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11993380/unhoused-oakland-residents-eviction-battle-is-early-test-of-supreme-court-ruling\">had only been successful in buying unhoused people a few extra days\u003c/a> or weeks to pack their belongings before being forced to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Andrea Henson, who has supported several unhoused people in those cases, including in Alfred’s Vallejo suit, said the Supreme Court’s decision has made it more difficult to ask judges to block encampment sweeps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been extraordinarily hard going to court about these [sweeps] because of the environment,” Henson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As more cities establish new policies to crack down on encampments, Henson said she hopes they’ll look to Alfred’s legal victory as a cautionary tale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you don’t offer anything, and you don’t let people camp anywhere, there’s precedent now that that can be seen as deliberate indifference,” Henson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12000987]Before Henson got involved, advocates with the local chapter of the California Homeless Union initially filed the lawsuit. Their win is the latest illustration of the impact of the group’s organizing efforts, which have led to lawsuits around the state filed by unhoused people and activists without formal legal schooling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The goal is to build leadership and build a movement,” said union member Eli Smith, who initiated the Vallejo action, though she’s not a trained lawyer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eli is heartened by all the new faces that showed up at the local union’s weekly meeting after their win made news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am hoping that it will help not just fortify the tools we have to fight and set a legal precedent, which is incredibly significant,” Eli said, “but that it’ll also give people hope in this political landscape that is so bleak.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alfred said she’s now waiting to get approved for a subsidized unit in senior housing. For her, the injunction was a vindication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If anybody’s homeless, I just tell them to fight because they don’t have the right to do what they’re doing to us, so just fight and let everybody know that you’re human too.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Over the course of two years, Evelyn Alfred built a home on vacant city-owned land in Vallejo. Using wooden beams, insulation, tarps and some experience in construction, she built a two-room structure, complete with windows and blinds, a shower, leather couches and a raised bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Alfred, who is 64 years old, has several disabilities, and has been unhoused for more than two decades, her makeshift home provided shelter and stability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when city officials told her she had to leave in late October, her eviction seemed all but inevitable. Just a few months earlier, the Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11991340/supreme-court-says-laws-criminalizing-homeless-camping-do-not-violate-constitution\">had given cities greater leeway to remove people\u003c/a> living in structures like hers, under threat of fines and jail time — even if no alternative shelter was available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of a sudden, I got a notice, [a] lady came and said you got 72 hours notice … And I said ‘I can’t move in 72 hours,’” Alfred recalled. “There’s no way.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She sued. And earlier this month, a district court judge determined she could stay until the case is resolved in a victory legal advocates say is the first of its kind in the country since the Supreme Court’s order last year — and one they say could have broad implications for legal fights over homeless encampments across the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People experiencing homelessness and their allies have long used the courts to fight what they see as overly aggressive tactics to remove them from city streets, but the Supreme Court’s recent decision \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12000606/scenes-from-san-franciscos-unhoused-encampment-sweeps\">dealt them a major blow\u003c/a>. Now, with Alfred’s case, they’re hoping another legal strategy has gained a foothold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It sends a message that the courts recognize unhoused people have multiple constitutional rights that may be violated by criminalization or sweeps policies,” said Tristia Bauman, an attorney with the Law Foundation of Silicon Valley who specializes in laws related to homelessness but wasn’t involved in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not everyone, however, thinks it’s a winning argument. Ilan Wurman, an attorney who’s pioneered legal arguments brought by business owners against cities in an effort to force them to clean encampments, said the Supreme Court’s decision upheld an established legal precedent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The courts are going to see through it,” Wurman said. “The nub of the Supreme Court’s prior ruling was that these municipal regulations and ordinances fit comfortably within a longstanding tradition of reasonable police powers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, even Wurman admitted Alfred’s case was likely to inspire new litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since last year’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11983492/how-a-pivotal-case-on-homelessness-could-redefine-policies-in-california-and-the-nation\">Supreme Court decision in City of Grants Pass, Oregon v. Johnson\u003c/a>, cities across California have moved to \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/homelessness/2024/09/camping-ban-ordinances/\">crackdown on encampments\u003c/a>. By the National Homelessness Law Center’s tally, some 40 California jurisdictions have passed or strengthened laws governing homelessness, among them Fremont, which earlier this month adopted what’s believed to be one of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026580/this-bay-area-city-just-passed-the-most-extreme-encampment-ban-in-california\">broadest anti-camping laws\u003c/a> in the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Vallejo has a \u003ca href=\"https://library.municode.com/ca/vallejo/codes/municipal_code?nodeId=TIT7PUHESAWE_IVOFAGPUHESA_CH7.67UNCASTPEPRPU\">longstanding camping ban on the books\u003c/a>, and relied on that, its \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofvallejo.net/common/pages/DisplayFile.aspx?itemId=17972007\">encampment policy\u003c/a> and the state penal code and in its attempt to clear the camp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Alfred’s case, however, federal District Court Judge Dena Coggins found that Vallejo’s plan to raze her shelter while failing to offer Alfred any alternative and barring her from camping anywhere in the city would likely “expose her to more dangerous conditions than she currently faces” — a violation of her due process rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her order, Coggins pointed out Alfred had submitted applications with multiple services providers and had reached out to more than a dozen apartment buildings, only to run into waiting lists. The city, meanwhile, had done next to nothing to connect Alfred with housing resources and had given her closer to 65 hours notice to leave, in an apparent violation of its own policies, according to the judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city did not provide an interview or written statement in response to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12028489\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1131px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12028489\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/image00000112.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1131\" height=\"848\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/image00000112.jpg 1131w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/image00000112-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/image00000112-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/image00000112-160x120.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1131px) 100vw, 1131px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Evelyn Alfred built this makeshift structure on vacant city-owned land across from the Vallejo marina over the course of two years. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Eli Smith)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In her scathing dissent on the Grants Pass ruling, Justice Sonia Sotomayor pointed to the due process clause as a possible avenue for challenging “anti-homelessness ordinances,” writing it “may well place constitutional limits” on such policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was the legal argument Alfred’s lawyers presented to Coggins, but until her ruling, those arguments \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11993380/unhoused-oakland-residents-eviction-battle-is-early-test-of-supreme-court-ruling\">had only been successful in buying unhoused people a few extra days\u003c/a> or weeks to pack their belongings before being forced to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Andrea Henson, who has supported several unhoused people in those cases, including in Alfred’s Vallejo suit, said the Supreme Court’s decision has made it more difficult to ask judges to block encampment sweeps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been extraordinarily hard going to court about these [sweeps] because of the environment,” Henson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As more cities establish new policies to crack down on encampments, Henson said she hopes they’ll look to Alfred’s legal victory as a cautionary tale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you don’t offer anything, and you don’t let people camp anywhere, there’s precedent now that that can be seen as deliberate indifference,” Henson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Before Henson got involved, advocates with the local chapter of the California Homeless Union initially filed the lawsuit. Their win is the latest illustration of the impact of the group’s organizing efforts, which have led to lawsuits around the state filed by unhoused people and activists without formal legal schooling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The goal is to build leadership and build a movement,” said union member Eli Smith, who initiated the Vallejo action, though she’s not a trained lawyer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eli is heartened by all the new faces that showed up at the local union’s weekly meeting after their win made news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am hoping that it will help not just fortify the tools we have to fight and set a legal precedent, which is incredibly significant,” Eli said, “but that it’ll also give people hope in this political landscape that is so bleak.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alfred said she’s now waiting to get approved for a subsidized unit in senior housing. For her, the injunction was a vindication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If anybody’s homeless, I just tell them to fight because they don’t have the right to do what they’re doing to us, so just fight and let everybody know that you’re human too.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Residents of a building in North \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/berkeley\">Berkeley\u003c/a> have formed the city’s first tenants association under expanded renters rights, which voters passed last year, they announced Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 1332 Shattuck Ave., tenants like Nikolas De Bremaeker said persistent maintenance issues regarding mold, leaks and electricity spurred him and his neighbors to form the Berkeley Tenants Union Local 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>De Bremaeker helped organize his building starting in December after seeing a flyer about Measure BB, which changed Berkeley’s Rent Ordinance to codify tenants’ right to organize into collective bargaining units, among other protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the measure \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12012553/californians-appear-to-reject-many-rent-control-measures\">passed in November\u003c/a>, there was no formal process for tenants to organize, and other collective actions like rent strikes are “functionally illegal” most of the time, said Avery Arbaugh of the citywide advocacy group Berkeley Tenants Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Measure BB gives tenants the right to bring a landlord to the bargaining table in a similar way to a labor union,” Arbaugh said. “I hope that this union will be able to get the landlord to the bargaining table so that they’re able to address some of the major concerns that they’re having in their building.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12028250\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_8504-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12028250\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_8504-scaled-e1740181994362.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Berkeley voters chose Measure BB as the route to amend the city’s rent ordinance. Tenants at 1332 Shattuck Ave. formed the city’s first tenants association under expanded renters rights that voters passed last year.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>De Bremaeker said he and other tenants quickly found the necessary signatures — in their building of 18 units, they needed nine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Some neighbors] were so worried about joining the tenant association out of fear of repercussions from the landlord, so we submitted it when we had 10 signatures, but we definitely feel that there’s even broader support in the building,” De Bremaeker said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Landlords are prohibited from retaliating against tenants who participate in a tenant association. However, De Bremaeker alleged that he and other members received an intimidating letter after they officially petitioned to form a union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The landlord, BTP Capitol Avenue LLC, said in a statement through attorney Daniel Bornstein that they reject any claims of intimidation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We conduct our business in accordance with all applicable laws and ethical standards, ensuring that all interactions are handled with professionalism and respect,” the statement read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12027578 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_5331_duo-1.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arbaugh said that although some conflict is likely inevitable in the organizing process, the city’s Rent Board will have a “strong response” to any reports of retaliation and intimidation. Measure BB also stipulates that landlords and tenants bargain in good faith — and if the landlord fails to do so, tenants can petition the city for a rent reduction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Berkeley has a very strong, uniquely strong tenant union system,” Arbaugh said. “If there’s a violation of the lease, that really ought to go both ways.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arbaugh said tenants association members can operate on behalf of the entire building when it comes to better living conditions and more affordable rent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the main goals is just to put collective pressure on the leasing company and management company to kind of meet maintenance requests as well as the promises that were guaranteed in our lease,” said Hala El Solh, another member of the tenants association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, El Solh said she didn’t know it was within her rights as a tenant to request an electrician until she talked to her neighbor, who did so successfully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That kind of information sharing is one of the primary reasons that we have this association,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other tenant protections in Measure BB include a 5% cap on how much landlords can increase the rent each year, down from 7%, and a requirement that landlords provide a notice of tenants rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure BB passed with 56% of the vote in November. Unlike other ballot measures, BB was competing with an alternative proposal called Measure CC, whose primary backers were property owners associations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, voters chose BB as the route to amend the city’s rent ordinance, and tenants in the Shattuck Avenue building said they’re grateful for those protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We feel stronger and we feel more empowered, and we feel like we can exercise our rights,” De Bremaeker said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Residents at a building on Shattuck Avenue have complained of persistent issues with mold, leaks and electricity. They organized under new rights codified in a November ballot measure.\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Residents of a building in North \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/berkeley\">Berkeley\u003c/a> have formed the city’s first tenants association under expanded renters rights, which voters passed last year, they announced Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 1332 Shattuck Ave., tenants like Nikolas De Bremaeker said persistent maintenance issues regarding mold, leaks and electricity spurred him and his neighbors to form the Berkeley Tenants Union Local 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>De Bremaeker helped organize his building starting in December after seeing a flyer about Measure BB, which changed Berkeley’s Rent Ordinance to codify tenants’ right to organize into collective bargaining units, among other protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the measure \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12012553/californians-appear-to-reject-many-rent-control-measures\">passed in November\u003c/a>, there was no formal process for tenants to organize, and other collective actions like rent strikes are “functionally illegal” most of the time, said Avery Arbaugh of the citywide advocacy group Berkeley Tenants Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Measure BB gives tenants the right to bring a landlord to the bargaining table in a similar way to a labor union,” Arbaugh said. “I hope that this union will be able to get the landlord to the bargaining table so that they’re able to address some of the major concerns that they’re having in their building.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12028250\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_8504-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12028250\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/IMG_8504-scaled-e1740181994362.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Berkeley voters chose Measure BB as the route to amend the city’s rent ordinance. Tenants at 1332 Shattuck Ave. formed the city’s first tenants association under expanded renters rights that voters passed last year.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>De Bremaeker said he and other tenants quickly found the necessary signatures — in their building of 18 units, they needed nine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Some neighbors] were so worried about joining the tenant association out of fear of repercussions from the landlord, so we submitted it when we had 10 signatures, but we definitely feel that there’s even broader support in the building,” De Bremaeker said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Landlords are prohibited from retaliating against tenants who participate in a tenant association. However, De Bremaeker alleged that he and other members received an intimidating letter after they officially petitioned to form a union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The landlord, BTP Capitol Avenue LLC, said in a statement through attorney Daniel Bornstein that they reject any claims of intimidation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We conduct our business in accordance with all applicable laws and ethical standards, ensuring that all interactions are handled with professionalism and respect,” the statement read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arbaugh said that although some conflict is likely inevitable in the organizing process, the city’s Rent Board will have a “strong response” to any reports of retaliation and intimidation. Measure BB also stipulates that landlords and tenants bargain in good faith — and if the landlord fails to do so, tenants can petition the city for a rent reduction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Berkeley has a very strong, uniquely strong tenant union system,” Arbaugh said. “If there’s a violation of the lease, that really ought to go both ways.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arbaugh said tenants association members can operate on behalf of the entire building when it comes to better living conditions and more affordable rent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of the main goals is just to put collective pressure on the leasing company and management company to kind of meet maintenance requests as well as the promises that were guaranteed in our lease,” said Hala El Solh, another member of the tenants association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, El Solh said she didn’t know it was within her rights as a tenant to request an electrician until she talked to her neighbor, who did so successfully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That kind of information sharing is one of the primary reasons that we have this association,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other tenant protections in Measure BB include a 5% cap on how much landlords can increase the rent each year, down from 7%, and a requirement that landlords provide a notice of tenants rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure BB passed with 56% of the vote in November. Unlike other ballot measures, BB was competing with an alternative proposal called Measure CC, whose primary backers were property owners associations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, voters chose BB as the route to amend the city’s rent ordinance, and tenants in the Shattuck Avenue building said they’re grateful for those protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We feel stronger and we feel more empowered, and we feel like we can exercise our rights,” De Bremaeker said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to this episode on \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america/id1531354937\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/38dTBSk2ISFoPiyYNoKn1X\">Spotify\u003c/a>, or wherever you get your podcasts. This is the second in a special series, check out the first installment \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026682/how-we-rebuild-la-recovers-from-wildfire\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles, survivors of last month’s fires will soon begin the arduous process of rebuilding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this second installment of a special series from KQED’s podcast, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/soldout\">\u003cem>SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, host Erin Baldassari brings together stories that examine what happens when people come home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The show features reporting about how the fires are rocking an already shaking insurance industry and what Californians can expect from fires and floods of the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Survivors of past wildfires reveal how they rebuilt with wildfires in mind and worked with their neighbors to make their communities safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what listeners can expect:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1996110/how-these-former-wildfire-survivors-are-supporting-victims-of-the-la-blazes\">Veteran Wildfire Survivors Help The New Recruits\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThere are some questions only veterans of past fires can answer, such as, “If you rebuild, does the sense of safety ever return?” That was a question Jodi Moreno, who lost her home in the L.A.’s Eaton Fire, posed to Erica Solove, whose home burned in Colorado’s 2021 Marshall Fire. As KQED’s Laura Klivans reports, Solove and Moreno connected through the group, Extreme Wildfires Survivors, which brings together disaster veterans with new recruits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12024420/rebuilding-la-heres-what-fire-survivors-and-experts-say-is-key\">Coffey Strong\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nSanta Rosa’s Coffey Park was all but leveled in the deadly Tubbs Fire of 2017. But go there now, and it would be easy to miss its history and the subtle ways homeowners have rebuilt to better withstand future fires. As KQED’s Adhiti Bandlamudi reports, their experiences offer lessons backed by research for survivors of the Southern California fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1995420/climate-scientists-warn-of-growing-whiplash-effect-on-weather-patterns\">Hydro-Climate Whiplash\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nExtreme floods, extreme heat, extreme fires: This is what residents can expect for California’s future. Ezra David Romero, climate reporter at KQED, spoke with Daniel Swain, a climate scientist with UC Agriculture and Natural Resources and UCLA, who dug into this weather phenomenon. He, along with a team of other researchers, published a new report that gave it a name: hydro-climate whiplash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021019/la-fires-threaten-california-insurance-market-stability-housing-costs\">A Rocky Insurance Market Just Got Shakier\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nEven before the recent wildfires in Los Angeles, insurance carriers had been fleeing California. And this disaster was their worst nightmare: it’s estimated to be the most expensive on record. Carriers already paid out billions of dollars, with more to come. Climate reporter Danielle Venton went down to Los Angeles and spoke with insurance brokers, catastrophe adjusters and others about how these fires could transform the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neighbors Band Together\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nWhen insurance is working well, it becomes the foundation over which disaster survivors can begin to rebuild their lives. However, ensuring that the foundation is built on solid ground requires a village. That’s what UC Berkeley Professor Nancy Wallace discovered after she lost her home in the 1991 Oakland Hills fire. She spoke with KQED’s Rachael Myrow about how she and her neighbors teamed up to get fair compensation from their insurer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what listeners can expect:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1996110/how-these-former-wildfire-survivors-are-supporting-victims-of-the-la-blazes\">Veteran Wildfire Survivors Help The New Recruits\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThere are some questions only veterans of past fires can answer, such as, “If you rebuild, does the sense of safety ever return?” That was a question Jodi Moreno, who lost her home in the L.A.’s Eaton Fire, posed to Erica Solove, whose home burned in Colorado’s 2021 Marshall Fire. As KQED’s Laura Klivans reports, Solove and Moreno connected through the group, Extreme Wildfires Survivors, which brings together disaster veterans with new recruits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12024420/rebuilding-la-heres-what-fire-survivors-and-experts-say-is-key\">Coffey Strong\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nSanta Rosa’s Coffey Park was all but leveled in the deadly Tubbs Fire of 2017. But go there now, and it would be easy to miss its history and the subtle ways homeowners have rebuilt to better withstand future fires. As KQED’s Adhiti Bandlamudi reports, their experiences offer lessons backed by research for survivors of the Southern California fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1995420/climate-scientists-warn-of-growing-whiplash-effect-on-weather-patterns\">Hydro-Climate Whiplash\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nExtreme floods, extreme heat, extreme fires: This is what residents can expect for California’s future. Ezra David Romero, climate reporter at KQED, spoke with Daniel Swain, a climate scientist with UC Agriculture and Natural Resources and UCLA, who dug into this weather phenomenon. He, along with a team of other researchers, published a new report that gave it a name: hydro-climate whiplash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021019/la-fires-threaten-california-insurance-market-stability-housing-costs\">A Rocky Insurance Market Just Got Shakier\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nEven before the recent wildfires in Los Angeles, insurance carriers had been fleeing California. And this disaster was their worst nightmare: it’s estimated to be the most expensive on record. Carriers already paid out billions of dollars, with more to come. Climate reporter Danielle Venton went down to Los Angeles and spoke with insurance brokers, catastrophe adjusters and others about how these fires could transform the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neighbors Band Together\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nWhen insurance is working well, it becomes the foundation over which disaster survivors can begin to rebuild their lives. However, ensuring that the foundation is built on solid ground requires a village. That’s what UC Berkeley Professor Nancy Wallace discovered after she lost her home in the 1991 Oakland Hills fire. She spoke with KQED’s Rachael Myrow about how she and her neighbors teamed up to get fair compensation from their insurer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose\">San José\u003c/a> leaders want to reduce the number of unhoused people living in tents, cars and RVs to “functional zero,” largely through a push for more short-term shelters, but some advocates are concerned that the plan leaves people without a long-term solution to homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under a preliminary plan laid out during Tuesday’s City Council meeting, San José officials said functional zero means the city would have enough shelter capacity to offer a bed to everyone who needs one, including people who have long been homeless and those who have recently lost their housing. The goal is for more people to be exiting homelessness than entering it every month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Matt Mahan, who has consistently championed an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026437/san-jose-mayor-proposes-permanent-shift-homeless-funding-from-housing-shelter\">aggressive shift\u003c/a> toward prioritizing interim shelters over permanent affordable housing, is bullish on the new plan that he has put forth, though he acknowledges a timeline isn’t clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan does, however, put an estimate for the first time on how much money it will cost to reduce San José’s unsheltered homelessness to functional zero: $255 million in one-time spending from a mix of city, state and philanthropic sources to build or buy the shelter capacity, and $234 million in annual spending to operate those spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we ought to have a safe and dignified place for every person on our street,” Mahan said. “We know we don’t have the resources today to completely end homelessness in our community. What this is is our best mathematical model for a line of sight to that outcome without being able to quite put an exact timeline on it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12000577\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/240409-MAHAN-HOMELESS-JG-01_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12000577\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/240409-MAHAN-HOMELESS-JG-01_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/240409-MAHAN-HOMELESS-JG-01_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/240409-MAHAN-HOMELESS-JG-01_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/240409-MAHAN-HOMELESS-JG-01_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/240409-MAHAN-HOMELESS-JG-01_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/240409-MAHAN-HOMELESS-JG-01_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/240409-MAHAN-HOMELESS-JG-01_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San José Mayor Matt Mahan speaks during a press conference in support of a regional affordable housing measure at Five88, a mixed-use residential and retail property, in the Mission Bay neighborhood in San Francisco on June 20, 2024.” \u003ccite>(Joseph Geha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>However, some advocates for people who are unsheltered are concerned that too much focus on temporary places to live will eventually leave people using those shelters in the lurch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first problem is that when people’s temporary stay is over, they have no place to go,” said Sandy Perry, the vice president of the South Bay Community Land Trust, a nonprofit that advocates for affordable housing. “And so what happens is people become unhoused all over again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need both temporary housing and permanent housing,” Perry said. “We need a balanced approach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City staff estimate 5,477 unsheltered people are living in San José, and the city’s 2,968 shelter spots, run by both the city and Santa Clara County, are already largely full.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city and county expect 1,700 more shelter spots to come online in San José across several other projects over the coming months, but an estimated 3,000 more would be needed to close the gap in the coming five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12026508 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00117.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The kinds of shelter in the city’s functional zero plan could be mixed, including types the city already offers, such as congregate shelter with bunk beds in one large room, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11942734/emergency-calls-complaints-are-down-near-san-joses-temporary-housing-sites-so-why-are-they-still-so-politically-risky\">individual tiny homes or cabins\u003c/a>, motel rooms, or safe parking sites where people can sleep in their vehicle in a secured lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unsheltered homelessness is very solvable; it is four walls and a roof. Everything else is a lot harder,” said Elizabeth Funk, the CEO of DignityMoves, a nonprofit that is developing and runs short-term shelters and tiny homes for San José. “But getting people into at least a safe place is very doable. It’s a question of policy priorities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The council discussed the potential plan and heard from members of the public during a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026772/san-jose-faces-60-million-budget-shortfall-as-negotiations-begin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wide-ranging study session\u003c/a> about the city’s coming budget, which overall is projected to be $60 million in the red.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan said he feels the city has long clung to “an overly strict” reading of the Housing First approach to addressing homelessness, relying too heavily on building new affordable housing, which can cost nearly $1 million per unit in some cases and takes much longer to stand up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the city reaches a functional zero goal, Mahan said some of the temporary shelters could be converted into permanent affordable housing for people who are working or receiving federal benefits, cutting down on the time needed for new builds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some council members expressed skepticism at the mechanics of the plan and how its cost might affect other city functions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City staff reports also noted that about $575 million would be needed to create enough permanent supportive housing for some of those who use the shelters to help shrink the shelter system over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Housing officials said the funding for both portions of the plan could come from pools of local money, state funds and reimbursements through programs like Medi-Cal, ballot measures to approve bonds, and private philanthropy or support from faith-based organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some residents supported the plan because of its urgency, including Sam Ho, the vice president of the Thousand Oaks Neighborhood Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When homelessness is not taken care of right away, it affects our environment, our health, our safety and our fire risk,” Ho told the council. “Therefore, I would put all my money into addressing homelessness right away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Alison Cingolani, director of policy at affordable housing advocacy nonprofit SV@Home, said that while preventing more chronic homelessness is valuable, so is building and maintaining a supply of housing affordable to people at all levels of income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our community and our economy depend on it,” Cingolani said. “Without it, we’ll continue to face a declining population, losing our families and risking the vibrancy that we have worked so hard to build in our city.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City officials said residents have consistently ranked homelessness as both San José’s most pressing issue and the one they feel the city has performed the worst in addressing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan said difficult trade-offs would have to be made to see such a plan through but added that residents would likely “throw a parade” if the city were to achieve even a 50% reduction in street homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is it more important to incrementally add to the affordable housing stock?” he said. “Is it more important to interrupt the cycle of chronic homelessness and get people into a safe environment earlier before they get to a point where it becomes very difficult to help them turn their lives around?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose\">San José\u003c/a> leaders want to reduce the number of unhoused people living in tents, cars and RVs to “functional zero,” largely through a push for more short-term shelters, but some advocates are concerned that the plan leaves people without a long-term solution to homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under a preliminary plan laid out during Tuesday’s City Council meeting, San José officials said functional zero means the city would have enough shelter capacity to offer a bed to everyone who needs one, including people who have long been homeless and those who have recently lost their housing. The goal is for more people to be exiting homelessness than entering it every month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Matt Mahan, who has consistently championed an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026437/san-jose-mayor-proposes-permanent-shift-homeless-funding-from-housing-shelter\">aggressive shift\u003c/a> toward prioritizing interim shelters over permanent affordable housing, is bullish on the new plan that he has put forth, though he acknowledges a timeline isn’t clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan does, however, put an estimate for the first time on how much money it will cost to reduce San José’s unsheltered homelessness to functional zero: $255 million in one-time spending from a mix of city, state and philanthropic sources to build or buy the shelter capacity, and $234 million in annual spending to operate those spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we ought to have a safe and dignified place for every person on our street,” Mahan said. “We know we don’t have the resources today to completely end homelessness in our community. What this is is our best mathematical model for a line of sight to that outcome without being able to quite put an exact timeline on it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12000577\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/240409-MAHAN-HOMELESS-JG-01_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12000577\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/240409-MAHAN-HOMELESS-JG-01_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/240409-MAHAN-HOMELESS-JG-01_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/240409-MAHAN-HOMELESS-JG-01_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/240409-MAHAN-HOMELESS-JG-01_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/240409-MAHAN-HOMELESS-JG-01_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/240409-MAHAN-HOMELESS-JG-01_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/240409-MAHAN-HOMELESS-JG-01_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San José Mayor Matt Mahan speaks during a press conference in support of a regional affordable housing measure at Five88, a mixed-use residential and retail property, in the Mission Bay neighborhood in San Francisco on June 20, 2024.” \u003ccite>(Joseph Geha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>However, some advocates for people who are unsheltered are concerned that too much focus on temporary places to live will eventually leave people using those shelters in the lurch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first problem is that when people’s temporary stay is over, they have no place to go,” said Sandy Perry, the vice president of the South Bay Community Land Trust, a nonprofit that advocates for affordable housing. “And so what happens is people become unhoused all over again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need both temporary housing and permanent housing,” Perry said. “We need a balanced approach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City staff estimate 5,477 unsheltered people are living in San José, and the city’s 2,968 shelter spots, run by both the city and Santa Clara County, are already largely full.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city and county expect 1,700 more shelter spots to come online in San José across several other projects over the coming months, but an estimated 3,000 more would be needed to close the gap in the coming five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The kinds of shelter in the city’s functional zero plan could be mixed, including types the city already offers, such as congregate shelter with bunk beds in one large room, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11942734/emergency-calls-complaints-are-down-near-san-joses-temporary-housing-sites-so-why-are-they-still-so-politically-risky\">individual tiny homes or cabins\u003c/a>, motel rooms, or safe parking sites where people can sleep in their vehicle in a secured lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unsheltered homelessness is very solvable; it is four walls and a roof. Everything else is a lot harder,” said Elizabeth Funk, the CEO of DignityMoves, a nonprofit that is developing and runs short-term shelters and tiny homes for San José. “But getting people into at least a safe place is very doable. It’s a question of policy priorities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The council discussed the potential plan and heard from members of the public during a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026772/san-jose-faces-60-million-budget-shortfall-as-negotiations-begin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wide-ranging study session\u003c/a> about the city’s coming budget, which overall is projected to be $60 million in the red.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan said he feels the city has long clung to “an overly strict” reading of the Housing First approach to addressing homelessness, relying too heavily on building new affordable housing, which can cost nearly $1 million per unit in some cases and takes much longer to stand up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the city reaches a functional zero goal, Mahan said some of the temporary shelters could be converted into permanent affordable housing for people who are working or receiving federal benefits, cutting down on the time needed for new builds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some council members expressed skepticism at the mechanics of the plan and how its cost might affect other city functions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City staff reports also noted that about $575 million would be needed to create enough permanent supportive housing for some of those who use the shelters to help shrink the shelter system over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Housing officials said the funding for both portions of the plan could come from pools of local money, state funds and reimbursements through programs like Medi-Cal, ballot measures to approve bonds, and private philanthropy or support from faith-based organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some residents supported the plan because of its urgency, including Sam Ho, the vice president of the Thousand Oaks Neighborhood Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When homelessness is not taken care of right away, it affects our environment, our health, our safety and our fire risk,” Ho told the council. “Therefore, I would put all my money into addressing homelessness right away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Alison Cingolani, director of policy at affordable housing advocacy nonprofit SV@Home, said that while preventing more chronic homelessness is valuable, so is building and maintaining a supply of housing affordable to people at all levels of income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our community and our economy depend on it,” Cingolani said. “Without it, we’ll continue to face a declining population, losing our families and risking the vibrancy that we have worked so hard to build in our city.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City officials said residents have consistently ranked homelessness as both San José’s most pressing issue and the one they feel the city has performed the worst in addressing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan said difficult trade-offs would have to be made to see such a plan through but added that residents would likely “throw a parade” if the city were to achieve even a 50% reduction in street homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is it more important to incrementally add to the affordable housing stock?” he said. “Is it more important to interrupt the cycle of chronic homelessness and get people into a safe environment earlier before they get to a point where it becomes very difficult to help them turn their lives around?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "This Bay Area City Just Passed the Most Extreme Encampment Ban in California",
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"content": "\u003cp>Fremont city leaders on Tuesday night passed what could be the state’s most extreme \u003ca href=\"https://fremontcityca.iqm2.com/Citizens/Detail_LegiFile.aspx?Frame=&MeetingID=2006&MediaPosition=&ID=5341&CssClass=\">anti-camping law\u003c/a> over widespread condemnation from legal advocates and homeless services providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ordinance \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026508/this-bay-area-citys-encampment-ban-could-become-the-toughest-in-the-state\">bans camping\u003c/a> on not only public property but also private land, including on residential property, for more than three consecutive nights. In what appears to be the first ban of its kind, it also prohibits anyone from “permitting, aiding, abetting or concealing” camping on those lands — a provision so broad advocates warn it could have a chilling effect on outreach, food distribution and other efforts to provide much-needed help to unhoused people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A violation is punishable by up to six months in jail or a fine of up to $1,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After four and a half hours of discussion and impassioned public comment, the City Council voted 6–1 in favor of the plan, with only Vice Mayor Desrie Campbell opposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We must balance accountability with compassion,” Mayor Raj Salwan said. “We can’t just say, ‘Let’s just leave things as they are,’ because whatever we’re doing is not enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cities across California have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11997352/newsom-orders-state-agencies-to-dismantle-homeless-encampments-across-california\">cracked down\u003c/a> on encampments since the Supreme Court gave local officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11991340/supreme-court-says-laws-criminalizing-homeless-camping-do-not-violate-constitution\">more power to do so\u003c/a> last summer, though none to the extent of Fremont.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Tars, policy director for the National Homelessness Law Center, called the city’s ordinance “both unprecedented and deeply cruel.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NHLC was among 20 organizations that signed on to a Feb. 7 letter to the council warning that the law could lead to “devastating humanitarian consequences” and arguing that the language was so broad as to be “patently unreasonable,” exposing the city to legal liability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Council members were prepared to amend the ordinance on Tuesday by asking the city attorney to add language clarifying that providing food or clothing to people living on the streets wouldn’t be punishable under the ordinance while helping someone to build a shelter outdoors would.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they opted against that because it would have meant delaying a vote until March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026493\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12026493\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00117.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00117.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00117-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00117-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00117-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00117-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00117-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jasmine Grijalva poses for a portrait near Quarry Lakes Drive in Fremont, California, on Feb. 10, 2025. Grijalva has been unhoused since moving from the Central Valley to the Bay Area in June 2020. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Local services providers have raised concerns that they would run afoul of the law by performing core job functions, like handing out water and blankets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If my staff gives someone a blanket so they don’t freeze at night or a bottle of water, that would be considered aiding, right?” Vivian Wan, CEO of Abode Services, told KQED. Abode runs a shelter and other housing programs in Fremont.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabyl Landrum, an attorney for the East Bay Community Law Center’s homelessness unit, said the ordinance was so broad that residents could potentially be cited for letting a family member stay in an RV in their driveway or pitch a tent in their backyard if they did so for more than three days in a row.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Salwan dismissed those concerns. In an interview, he said the language in the ordinance had been “weaponized” and insisted the council was taking a “common sense” approach intended to give officials a tool to deal with the camps that have received the most complaints about health and safety hazards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The goal is not to penalize people for giving water or food or a tent or some support services,” he said. “Absolutely not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026496\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12026496\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Devante Booth practices the acoustic guitar outside of his makeshift shelter near Quarry Lakes Drive in Fremont, Calif. In addition to playing the guitar, Booth collects Lego sets and repairs bicycles for others in the community. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The council heard public comment on Tuesday from over 70 community members, who were deeply divided on the proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those in favor appealed to the council to address trash, noise, loose dogs and campfire smoke in their neighborhoods. They complained about urine-soaked parking lots, people showering in their yards or stealing from them, and worried aloud about encampment fires spreading to their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Gutierrez, a small-business owner, said customers have to navigate an encampment to reach his door and voice concerns about their safety, “or they’ve just decided not to patronize our business at all,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents argued the law was inhumane and counterproductive, misusing money while driving people deeper into homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are better ways these funds can be used, such as social services like Housing First initiatives and affordable housing, which are the only true long-term options if you don’t want people to camp,” said resident Sierra Fields, “and these are true public safety options.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026498\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12026498\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00765.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00765.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00765-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00765-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00765-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00765-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00765-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jasmine Grijalva drives a golf ball across open public space as Devante Booth looks on near Quarry Lakes Drive in Fremont, Calif., on Feb. 10, 2025. They are among approximately 40 people who live in an encampment at this location. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Salwan and other council members acknowledged that the ordinance is not a solution and said they would continue to invest in emergency shelter and affordable housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fremont’s budget for the 2024–25 fiscal year included $8 million on homelessness services and enforcement, according to city staff. The city has \u003ca href=\"https://homelessness.acgov.org/data_point_in_time.page?\">cut homelessness by more than 20% since 2022\u003c/a>, but there were still over 600 people living unsheltered at last count — and the city has just 129 year-round shelter beds.[aside postID=news_11997352 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/GavinNewsomGetty.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new law is set to go into effect in 30 days. Fremont Police Chief Sean Washington told the council his officers would only rely on it in “extreme situations,” where there are health or safety hazards and “we are unable to get voluntary compliance,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal advocates emphasized that regardless of agency policies and lawmakers’ intentions, as written, the law’s broad language allows it to be applied broadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those concerned is state Assemblymember Alex Lee, who represents Fremont and said he was “frankly embarrassed” by the city’s move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he was looking into legislative action to reign in proliferating laws policing homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m going to continue helping, aiding and abetting unhoused neighbors,” he said. “I’m never going to stop doing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfZ-ZKtuSHdeWqxooQwfEcr-oiOpdpJcf2RLZInU7aqjjQlRQ/viewform?embedded=true\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Fremont’s new law not only restricts camping on public and private property but also prohibits aiding, abetting and concealing it. Advocates warn of unintended consequences — and lawsuits.",
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"title": "This Bay Area City Just Passed the Most Extreme Encampment Ban in California | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Fremont city leaders on Tuesday night passed what could be the state’s most extreme \u003ca href=\"https://fremontcityca.iqm2.com/Citizens/Detail_LegiFile.aspx?Frame=&MeetingID=2006&MediaPosition=&ID=5341&CssClass=\">anti-camping law\u003c/a> over widespread condemnation from legal advocates and homeless services providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ordinance \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026508/this-bay-area-citys-encampment-ban-could-become-the-toughest-in-the-state\">bans camping\u003c/a> on not only public property but also private land, including on residential property, for more than three consecutive nights. In what appears to be the first ban of its kind, it also prohibits anyone from “permitting, aiding, abetting or concealing” camping on those lands — a provision so broad advocates warn it could have a chilling effect on outreach, food distribution and other efforts to provide much-needed help to unhoused people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A violation is punishable by up to six months in jail or a fine of up to $1,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After four and a half hours of discussion and impassioned public comment, the City Council voted 6–1 in favor of the plan, with only Vice Mayor Desrie Campbell opposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We must balance accountability with compassion,” Mayor Raj Salwan said. “We can’t just say, ‘Let’s just leave things as they are,’ because whatever we’re doing is not enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cities across California have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11997352/newsom-orders-state-agencies-to-dismantle-homeless-encampments-across-california\">cracked down\u003c/a> on encampments since the Supreme Court gave local officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11991340/supreme-court-says-laws-criminalizing-homeless-camping-do-not-violate-constitution\">more power to do so\u003c/a> last summer, though none to the extent of Fremont.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Tars, policy director for the National Homelessness Law Center, called the city’s ordinance “both unprecedented and deeply cruel.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NHLC was among 20 organizations that signed on to a Feb. 7 letter to the council warning that the law could lead to “devastating humanitarian consequences” and arguing that the language was so broad as to be “patently unreasonable,” exposing the city to legal liability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Council members were prepared to amend the ordinance on Tuesday by asking the city attorney to add language clarifying that providing food or clothing to people living on the streets wouldn’t be punishable under the ordinance while helping someone to build a shelter outdoors would.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they opted against that because it would have meant delaying a vote until March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026493\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12026493\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00117.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00117.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00117-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00117-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00117-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00117-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00117-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jasmine Grijalva poses for a portrait near Quarry Lakes Drive in Fremont, California, on Feb. 10, 2025. Grijalva has been unhoused since moving from the Central Valley to the Bay Area in June 2020. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Local services providers have raised concerns that they would run afoul of the law by performing core job functions, like handing out water and blankets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If my staff gives someone a blanket so they don’t freeze at night or a bottle of water, that would be considered aiding, right?” Vivian Wan, CEO of Abode Services, told KQED. Abode runs a shelter and other housing programs in Fremont.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabyl Landrum, an attorney for the East Bay Community Law Center’s homelessness unit, said the ordinance was so broad that residents could potentially be cited for letting a family member stay in an RV in their driveway or pitch a tent in their backyard if they did so for more than three days in a row.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Salwan dismissed those concerns. In an interview, he said the language in the ordinance had been “weaponized” and insisted the council was taking a “common sense” approach intended to give officials a tool to deal with the camps that have received the most complaints about health and safety hazards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The goal is not to penalize people for giving water or food or a tent or some support services,” he said. “Absolutely not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026496\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12026496\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Devante Booth practices the acoustic guitar outside of his makeshift shelter near Quarry Lakes Drive in Fremont, Calif. In addition to playing the guitar, Booth collects Lego sets and repairs bicycles for others in the community. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The council heard public comment on Tuesday from over 70 community members, who were deeply divided on the proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those in favor appealed to the council to address trash, noise, loose dogs and campfire smoke in their neighborhoods. They complained about urine-soaked parking lots, people showering in their yards or stealing from them, and worried aloud about encampment fires spreading to their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Gutierrez, a small-business owner, said customers have to navigate an encampment to reach his door and voice concerns about their safety, “or they’ve just decided not to patronize our business at all,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents argued the law was inhumane and counterproductive, misusing money while driving people deeper into homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are better ways these funds can be used, such as social services like Housing First initiatives and affordable housing, which are the only true long-term options if you don’t want people to camp,” said resident Sierra Fields, “and these are true public safety options.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026498\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12026498\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00765.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00765.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00765-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00765-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00765-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00765-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00765-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jasmine Grijalva drives a golf ball across open public space as Devante Booth looks on near Quarry Lakes Drive in Fremont, Calif., on Feb. 10, 2025. They are among approximately 40 people who live in an encampment at this location. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Salwan and other council members acknowledged that the ordinance is not a solution and said they would continue to invest in emergency shelter and affordable housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fremont’s budget for the 2024–25 fiscal year included $8 million on homelessness services and enforcement, according to city staff. The city has \u003ca href=\"https://homelessness.acgov.org/data_point_in_time.page?\">cut homelessness by more than 20% since 2022\u003c/a>, but there were still over 600 people living unsheltered at last count — and the city has just 129 year-round shelter beds.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to this episode on \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america/id1531354937\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/38dTBSk2ISFoPiyYNoKn1X\">Spotify\u003c/a>, or wherever you get your podcasts.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the perimeter of the Pacific Palisades burn scar, big, beautiful homes stand untouched.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighborhood is lush with eucalyptus, cedar, bay and palm trees. Bougainvillea vines hug their walls. The homes, snug against California’s coastline, embody what residents love about living in Southern California: a serene radiance that’s difficult to replicate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, despite the ravage of the recent fires, it is all but certain that people will still want to live there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a special series from KQED’s podcast, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/soldout\">SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, host Erin Baldassari walks listeners through this station’s recent reporting from Los Angeles. As the city recovers from catastrophe, the series explores the question: How do we rebuild?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what listeners can expect:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Disasters Bring Out the Best in Us\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIt always happens this way after a disaster: people help each other. In the first days after the fire, many of the first responders are not wearing a uniform; they’re neighbors. Climate reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/dventon\">Danielle Venton\u003c/a> drove around with one of them, documentary filmmaker Colin Weatherby. He took on a volunteer side gig after the fires and started hauling around whatever his neighbors needed for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026093/they-want-to-rebuild-after-the-eaton-fire-but-first-comes-the-struggle-to-survive\">\u003cstrong>Banding Together to Rebuild\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nChumi Paul loves her Altadena neighborhood. Her home, on a cul de sac, butted up against the San Gabriel Mountains National Monument. Built in 1951 with old-growth redwood, It was 1,200 square feet and boasted 26 windows. From those windows, she could watch the local wildlife: mule deer, bobcats, quail, and plenty of birds. Sadly, her home was burned in the Eaton Fire. Afterward, she and her neighbors were left, like so many others, scattered to the four winds. But, as KQED senior editor \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/rachael-myrow\">Rachael Myrow\u003c/a> reports, Paul and her neighbors \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026093/they-want-to-rebuild-after-the-eaton-fire-but-first-comes-the-struggle-to-survive\">have already begun planning how they might rebuild\u003c/a>: with community meals and regular get-togethers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12022718/altadena-rallies-to-rebuild-burned-spiritual-centers\">\u003cstrong>Scorched Sanctuaries Find Support\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nFor many people, the idea of home is not bound by the confines of a house. It extends beyond four walls and a roof out into the community and to places of worship. Several of those spiritual sanctuaries were also destroyed in the Eaton Fire. But already, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12022718/altadena-rallies-to-rebuild-burned-spiritual-centers\">some have restarted services and are on the path toward rebuilding\u003c/a>. Climate reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/eromero\">Ezra David Romero\u003c/a> visited a church, a synagogue and a mosque to learn how they’re recovering.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to this episode on \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america/id1531354937\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/38dTBSk2ISFoPiyYNoKn1X\">Spotify\u003c/a>, or wherever you get your podcasts.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the perimeter of the Pacific Palisades burn scar, big, beautiful homes stand untouched.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighborhood is lush with eucalyptus, cedar, bay and palm trees. Bougainvillea vines hug their walls. The homes, snug against California’s coastline, embody what residents love about living in Southern California: a serene radiance that’s difficult to replicate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, despite the ravage of the recent fires, it is all but certain that people will still want to live there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a special series from KQED’s podcast, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/soldout\">SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, host Erin Baldassari walks listeners through this station’s recent reporting from Los Angeles. As the city recovers from catastrophe, the series explores the question: How do we rebuild?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what listeners can expect:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Disasters Bring Out the Best in Us\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIt always happens this way after a disaster: people help each other. In the first days after the fire, many of the first responders are not wearing a uniform; they’re neighbors. Climate reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/dventon\">Danielle Venton\u003c/a> drove around with one of them, documentary filmmaker Colin Weatherby. He took on a volunteer side gig after the fires and started hauling around whatever his neighbors needed for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026093/they-want-to-rebuild-after-the-eaton-fire-but-first-comes-the-struggle-to-survive\">\u003cstrong>Banding Together to Rebuild\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nChumi Paul loves her Altadena neighborhood. Her home, on a cul de sac, butted up against the San Gabriel Mountains National Monument. Built in 1951 with old-growth redwood, It was 1,200 square feet and boasted 26 windows. From those windows, she could watch the local wildlife: mule deer, bobcats, quail, and plenty of birds. Sadly, her home was burned in the Eaton Fire. Afterward, she and her neighbors were left, like so many others, scattered to the four winds. But, as KQED senior editor \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/rachael-myrow\">Rachael Myrow\u003c/a> reports, Paul and her neighbors \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026093/they-want-to-rebuild-after-the-eaton-fire-but-first-comes-the-struggle-to-survive\">have already begun planning how they might rebuild\u003c/a>: with community meals and regular get-togethers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12022718/altadena-rallies-to-rebuild-burned-spiritual-centers\">\u003cstrong>Scorched Sanctuaries Find Support\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nFor many people, the idea of home is not bound by the confines of a house. It extends beyond four walls and a roof out into the community and to places of worship. Several of those spiritual sanctuaries were also destroyed in the Eaton Fire. But already, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12022718/altadena-rallies-to-rebuild-burned-spiritual-centers\">some have restarted services and are on the path toward rebuilding\u003c/a>. Climate reporter \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/eromero\">Ezra David Romero\u003c/a> visited a church, a synagogue and a mosque to learn how they’re recovering.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>As one of the city’s remaining nursing homes prepares to close in April, nearly 250 beds are currently sitting empty in San Francisco’s largest public skilled nursing facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following a multi-year scandal that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101889843/laguna-honda-hospital-has-60-days-to-move-over-600-patients-before-it-shuts-down-its-only-placed-58-so-far\">nearly shuttered the more than 150-year-old facility\u003c/a>, Laguna Honda Hospital and Rehabilitation Center resumed admitting new patients last July after two years of internal reforms and working with federal officials to make good on past infractions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11952012/san-francisco-to-pay-2-2-million-settlement-to-victims-in-laguna-honda-patient-abuse-scandal\">beleaguered\u003c/a> nursing home \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11991292/laguna-honda-recertified-by-medicare-in-major-milestone-for-san-francisco-hospital\">is back open for new residents\u003c/a>. However, admissions are off to a slow pace as Laguna Honda remains under the microscope of state and federal regulators despite a growing need for skilled nursing care in San Francisco and across the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is a well-known fact that there is a dearth of nursing home beds in San Francisco,” said Tony Chicotel, an attorney with California Advocates for Nursing Home Reform. “It’s jarring that the facility is allowed to admit residents now and still has so many open beds when we hear from people all the time in the Bay Area that there is no nursing home space for people to go to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nursing home experts say San Francisco has a large population of low-income seniors who need round-the-clock care in their community, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.sf.gov/sites/default/files/2024-06/Skilled%20Nursing%20Transfer%20Ordinance%20-%202023%20-%20HC%20Presentation.pdf\">many people have to move out of the county\u003c/a> away from loved ones due to the region’s scant affordable nursing home options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The need is about to get compounded as dozens of elderly residents at St. Anne’s Home on Lake Street near the Presidio \u003ca href=\"https://sfstandard.com/2025/01/09/st-annes-home-little-sisters-poor-to-close-sf/\">will need to find new housing before the facility closes on April 8\u003c/a> due to staffing shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Laguna Honda is working with St. Anne’s to bring over residents who are about to lose their homes and has offered beds to past residents who were discharged during Laguna Honda’s recertification process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know this is a challenging time, and you have my commitment that the city will support you in this transition,” Mayor Daniel Lurie said at a recent Board of Supervisors meeting, addressing the closure of St. Anne’s. “We must have a broader strategy for seniors to live safely and actively engaged in their community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are currently 435 residents at Laguna Honda, compared with the hospital’s licensed bed capacity of 649. The hospital previously had a capacity for nearly 800 residents. However, federal regulation changes after the pandemic required rooms to have no more than three residents, stripping the hospital of 120 beds. Officials at Laguna Honda said they are trying to recertify the 120 beds to bring capacity back up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Laguna Honda has welcomed a total of 78 new residents out of 179 referrals since resuming admissions on July 31, 2024, according to San Francisco’s Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority of denials were due to patients deemed to have “behavioral health needs too complex” for a nursing home, including substance use or mental disorders. Others were due to being “too medically complex” and for needing lower levels of care than residential skilled nursing, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://media.api.sf.gov/documents/02032025_LHH_JCC_Exec_Report_Presentation.pdf\">report\u003c/a> shared at the Health Commission meeting on February 3.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Laguna Honda officials say they are actively welcoming new residents and that there is no waitlist for those who meet its criteria, with a goal to fill the remaining beds by December 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are admitting anybody who meets the criteria to be in a skilled nursing facility, and we are ramping up admissions,” Laguna Honda CEO Diltar Sidhu told KQED. “Laguna Honda is back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11991292]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New patients at Laguna Honda must meet industry-standard nursing home criteria, including being a resident of San Francisco whose primary diagnosis is a medical condition — not psychiatric — who requires nursing facility care, physical or cognitive impairment requiring higher attention than a lower-level board and care facility, or daily rehabilitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, after several years of intense oversight, Laguna Honda is taking caution as it moves forward. Officials must walk a fine line to remain in good standing with regulators while responding to the community’s needs in a timely manner. Bringing on new patients is also necessary to receive federal dollars for patients, especially as the city faces a nearly $800 million budget shortfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With every bed that sits empty, that’s also reimbursement we aren’t getting, so it’s also a financial issue during a tough budget season,” said Supervisor Myrna Melgar, whose district encompasses Laguna Honda. “I’m hoping the pace of admissions is at least maintained.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Laguna Honda was already under intense scrutiny following a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11782161/newly-uncovered-cases-of-patient-abuse-at-laguna-honda-bring-incident-count-to-130\">massive abuse case\u003c/a> affecting nearly 130 patients from 2016 to 2019. Then, in 2022, after two nonfatal overdoses took place at Laguna Honda, the hospital failed to pass a series of inspections and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11958392/medi-cal-reinstates-laguna-honda-in-major-win-for-the-states-largest-public-nursing-home\">lost its standing with Medicare and Medi-Cal\u003c/a>, which covers the vast majority of patients at Laguna Honda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have to be very careful about people who have behavioral problems,” said Teresa Palmer, a retired physician at Laguna Honda and nursing home advocate. “In a traditional nursing home with frail elders, you need to protect them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11952012]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lawsuit against the hospital \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11920121/sf-officials-outraged-over-laguna-honda-patient-deaths-following-federally-mandated-transfers\">over deaths and poorly managed discharges\u003c/a> during the recertification process is still active.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The number one issue was that we were admitting dual-diagnosed patients and running Laguna Honda like a hospital instead of a nursing home, which is the license we have,” Melgar said. “So that got us into trouble in the first place. They dinged us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The empty beds sit at Laguna Honda as Lurie has vowed to open up more treatment facilities and various types of behavioral health and emergency shelter beds. But those efforts are separate from the skilled nursing beds available at Laguna Honda specifically for “traditional” nursing home patients — such as elderly people with chronic illness, dementia and other acute medical or rehabilitation needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, these are not mutually exclusive populations in need of round-the-clock care. Seniors make up the fastest-growing portion of the homeless population, and substance use disorder exists across age groups and other demographics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People who primarily need medical skilled nursing care but also have behavioral or mental health challenges can be admitted, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From the perspective of maintaining the federal certification and not creating any waves that could cause more regulatory scrutiny, it would be smart to admit a more traditional nursing home resident,” Chicotel said. “But from the perspective of an institution that is set up to care for the vulnerable residents of the community, I would think they would welcome residents who have skilled nursing needs and other needs as well.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As one of the city’s remaining nursing homes prepares to close in April, nearly 250 beds are currently sitting empty in San Francisco’s largest public skilled nursing facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following a multi-year scandal that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101889843/laguna-honda-hospital-has-60-days-to-move-over-600-patients-before-it-shuts-down-its-only-placed-58-so-far\">nearly shuttered the more than 150-year-old facility\u003c/a>, Laguna Honda Hospital and Rehabilitation Center resumed admitting new patients last July after two years of internal reforms and working with federal officials to make good on past infractions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11952012/san-francisco-to-pay-2-2-million-settlement-to-victims-in-laguna-honda-patient-abuse-scandal\">beleaguered\u003c/a> nursing home \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11991292/laguna-honda-recertified-by-medicare-in-major-milestone-for-san-francisco-hospital\">is back open for new residents\u003c/a>. However, admissions are off to a slow pace as Laguna Honda remains under the microscope of state and federal regulators despite a growing need for skilled nursing care in San Francisco and across the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is a well-known fact that there is a dearth of nursing home beds in San Francisco,” said Tony Chicotel, an attorney with California Advocates for Nursing Home Reform. “It’s jarring that the facility is allowed to admit residents now and still has so many open beds when we hear from people all the time in the Bay Area that there is no nursing home space for people to go to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nursing home experts say San Francisco has a large population of low-income seniors who need round-the-clock care in their community, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.sf.gov/sites/default/files/2024-06/Skilled%20Nursing%20Transfer%20Ordinance%20-%202023%20-%20HC%20Presentation.pdf\">many people have to move out of the county\u003c/a> away from loved ones due to the region’s scant affordable nursing home options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The need is about to get compounded as dozens of elderly residents at St. Anne’s Home on Lake Street near the Presidio \u003ca href=\"https://sfstandard.com/2025/01/09/st-annes-home-little-sisters-poor-to-close-sf/\">will need to find new housing before the facility closes on April 8\u003c/a> due to staffing shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Laguna Honda is working with St. Anne’s to bring over residents who are about to lose their homes and has offered beds to past residents who were discharged during Laguna Honda’s recertification process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know this is a challenging time, and you have my commitment that the city will support you in this transition,” Mayor Daniel Lurie said at a recent Board of Supervisors meeting, addressing the closure of St. Anne’s. “We must have a broader strategy for seniors to live safely and actively engaged in their community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are currently 435 residents at Laguna Honda, compared with the hospital’s licensed bed capacity of 649. The hospital previously had a capacity for nearly 800 residents. However, federal regulation changes after the pandemic required rooms to have no more than three residents, stripping the hospital of 120 beds. Officials at Laguna Honda said they are trying to recertify the 120 beds to bring capacity back up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Laguna Honda has welcomed a total of 78 new residents out of 179 referrals since resuming admissions on July 31, 2024, according to San Francisco’s Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority of denials were due to patients deemed to have “behavioral health needs too complex” for a nursing home, including substance use or mental disorders. Others were due to being “too medically complex” and for needing lower levels of care than residential skilled nursing, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://media.api.sf.gov/documents/02032025_LHH_JCC_Exec_Report_Presentation.pdf\">report\u003c/a> shared at the Health Commission meeting on February 3.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Laguna Honda officials say they are actively welcoming new residents and that there is no waitlist for those who meet its criteria, with a goal to fill the remaining beds by December 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are admitting anybody who meets the criteria to be in a skilled nursing facility, and we are ramping up admissions,” Laguna Honda CEO Diltar Sidhu told KQED. “Laguna Honda is back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New patients at Laguna Honda must meet industry-standard nursing home criteria, including being a resident of San Francisco whose primary diagnosis is a medical condition — not psychiatric — who requires nursing facility care, physical or cognitive impairment requiring higher attention than a lower-level board and care facility, or daily rehabilitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, after several years of intense oversight, Laguna Honda is taking caution as it moves forward. Officials must walk a fine line to remain in good standing with regulators while responding to the community’s needs in a timely manner. Bringing on new patients is also necessary to receive federal dollars for patients, especially as the city faces a nearly $800 million budget shortfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With every bed that sits empty, that’s also reimbursement we aren’t getting, so it’s also a financial issue during a tough budget season,” said Supervisor Myrna Melgar, whose district encompasses Laguna Honda. “I’m hoping the pace of admissions is at least maintained.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Laguna Honda was already under intense scrutiny following a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11782161/newly-uncovered-cases-of-patient-abuse-at-laguna-honda-bring-incident-count-to-130\">massive abuse case\u003c/a> affecting nearly 130 patients from 2016 to 2019. Then, in 2022, after two nonfatal overdoses took place at Laguna Honda, the hospital failed to pass a series of inspections and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11958392/medi-cal-reinstates-laguna-honda-in-major-win-for-the-states-largest-public-nursing-home\">lost its standing with Medicare and Medi-Cal\u003c/a>, which covers the vast majority of patients at Laguna Honda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have to be very careful about people who have behavioral problems,” said Teresa Palmer, a retired physician at Laguna Honda and nursing home advocate. “In a traditional nursing home with frail elders, you need to protect them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lawsuit against the hospital \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11920121/sf-officials-outraged-over-laguna-honda-patient-deaths-following-federally-mandated-transfers\">over deaths and poorly managed discharges\u003c/a> during the recertification process is still active.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The number one issue was that we were admitting dual-diagnosed patients and running Laguna Honda like a hospital instead of a nursing home, which is the license we have,” Melgar said. “So that got us into trouble in the first place. They dinged us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The empty beds sit at Laguna Honda as Lurie has vowed to open up more treatment facilities and various types of behavioral health and emergency shelter beds. But those efforts are separate from the skilled nursing beds available at Laguna Honda specifically for “traditional” nursing home patients — such as elderly people with chronic illness, dementia and other acute medical or rehabilitation needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, these are not mutually exclusive populations in need of round-the-clock care. Seniors make up the fastest-growing portion of the homeless population, and substance use disorder exists across age groups and other demographics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People who primarily need medical skilled nursing care but also have behavioral or mental health challenges can be admitted, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From the perspective of maintaining the federal certification and not creating any waves that could cause more regulatory scrutiny, it would be smart to admit a more traditional nursing home resident,” Chicotel said. “But from the perspective of an institution that is set up to care for the vulnerable residents of the community, I would think they would welcome residents who have skilled nursing needs and other needs as well.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Fremont city leaders are expected Tuesday to consider a \u003ca href=\"https://fremontcityca.iqm2.com/Citizens/Detail_LegiFile.aspx?Frame=&MeetingID=2006&MediaPosition=&ID=5341&CssClass=\">camping ban\u003c/a> that legal advocates say could be among the harshest in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would restrict camping on not only public property but also private property for more than three consecutive nights. And, it would prohibit anyone from “permitting, aiding, abetting or concealing” camping on those lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the city council adopts the new rules on Tuesday, they would go into effect in 30 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public frustration with widespread homelessness has led cities across California to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11997352/newsom-orders-state-agencies-to-dismantle-homeless-encampments-across-california\">crack down\u003c/a> on encampments. And, the Supreme Court last summer gave local officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11991340/supreme-court-says-laws-criminalizing-homeless-camping-do-not-violate-constitution\">more power to do so\u003c/a>. However, advocates say Fremont’s proposed plan goes further than most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Tars, policy director for the National Homelessness Law Center, said that, while other cities may have general clauses in their municipal codes prohibiting “aiding and abetting” any violation, they aren’t generally enforced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So making it this clear and explicit around people needing to live outside can only mean Fremont is trying to do something different,” he wrote in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates for people experiencing homelessness say the proposed law would make it more difficult for them to do their jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If my staff gives someone a blanket so they don’t freeze at night or a bottle of water, that would be considered aiding, right?” said Vivian Wan, CEO of Abode Services, which runs a shelter and other housing programs in Fremont. “If we don’t disclose where someone is sleeping outside, would that be concealing?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fremont Mayor Raj Salwan refuted the characterization of the plan as uniquely harsh, pointing out that Fremont’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.codepublishing.com/CA/Fremont/html/Fremont01/Fremont0110.html\">existing law\u003c/a> is like other cities’ that prohibit people from aiding and abetting any code violation. He said the language was only restated in this ordinance for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fremont.gov/home/showdocument?id=17280&t=638745346086012766\">sake of transparency\u003c/a> and dismissed concerns that advocates’ work would be impacted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The goal is not to penalize people for giving water or food or a tent or some support services,” he said. “Absolutely not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The aim, he said, is to give the city another tool to deal with the camps that have received the most complaints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If somebody is doing something that’s not safe, we can say, ‘Hey, you can’t do that.’ And at least they will have some concern that there may be some repercussions,” Salwan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026496\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12026496 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Devante Booth practices the acoustic guitar outside of his makeshift shelter near Quarry Lakes Drive in Fremont, California, on Monday, Feb. 10, 2025. In addition to playing the guitar, Booth collects Lego sets and repairs bicycles for others in the community. On Feb. 11, 2025, Fremont city leaders are expected to vote on a proposed public camping ban that extends punishment beyond those living on the streets to people who facilitate or conceal encampments in what is being described as a first-in-the-state ban. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sabyl Landrum, an attorney for the East Bay Community Law Center’s homelessness unit, argued that the ordinance is overly broad, especially with respect to the inclusion of aiding and abetting and private property. The plan bars camping on private property for more than three consecutive nights, so Landrum said residents could potentially be cited for letting a family member stay in an RV in their driveway or pitch a tent in their backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[aside label=’More Housing Coverage' tag='housing']\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if that’s not officials’ intention, she said, “They are enacting an ordinance that can be used that way. Courts are going to interpret it based on the language of the ordinance, so they need to change the language.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://fremontcityca.iqm2.com/Citizens/Detail_LegiFile.aspx?Frame=&MeetingID=1987&MediaPosition=&ID=5308&CssClass=\">a December report\u003c/a> on the proposed ban, city staff estimated that implementing it would take over a million dollars in ongoing funding for law enforcement, waste management services and outreach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salwan said the city council will address community concerns before adopting the new rules, pointing out that Fremont has \u003ca href=\"https://homelessness.acgov.org/data_point_in_time.page?\">cut homelessness by more than 20% since 2022\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our goal is always to lead with services and safety and to, again, help people get a permanent path to housing,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But right now, unhoused residents and their advocates say there just aren’t enough temporary or permanent placements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jasmine Grijalva, 33, lives along a creek on the outskirts of Fremont in one of the encampments city leaders are targeting for cleanup. She said she’s been trying to get housing for four years. After working with various services providers, she said she’s finally on the cusp of getting a subsidized apartment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that’s not the case for most of her neighbors in the camp, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to figure out how we can just be corresponding with the world that’s out there. They don’t like looking at us. They don’t want to deal with us,” Grijalva said. “If you’re going to kick us out, give us somewhere else that we can be at. Give us something. Don’t just take it all away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfZ-ZKtuSHdeWqxooQwfEcr-oiOpdpJcf2RLZInU7aqjjQlRQ/viewform?embedded=true\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Fremont’s proposed new law would restrict camping on public and private property and prohibit aiding, abetting and concealing it. Advocates warn of unintended consequences. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Fremont city leaders are expected Tuesday to consider a \u003ca href=\"https://fremontcityca.iqm2.com/Citizens/Detail_LegiFile.aspx?Frame=&MeetingID=2006&MediaPosition=&ID=5341&CssClass=\">camping ban\u003c/a> that legal advocates say could be among the harshest in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It would restrict camping on not only public property but also private property for more than three consecutive nights. And, it would prohibit anyone from “permitting, aiding, abetting or concealing” camping on those lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the city council adopts the new rules on Tuesday, they would go into effect in 30 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public frustration with widespread homelessness has led cities across California to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11997352/newsom-orders-state-agencies-to-dismantle-homeless-encampments-across-california\">crack down\u003c/a> on encampments. And, the Supreme Court last summer gave local officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11991340/supreme-court-says-laws-criminalizing-homeless-camping-do-not-violate-constitution\">more power to do so\u003c/a>. However, advocates say Fremont’s proposed plan goes further than most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Tars, policy director for the National Homelessness Law Center, said that, while other cities may have general clauses in their municipal codes prohibiting “aiding and abetting” any violation, they aren’t generally enforced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So making it this clear and explicit around people needing to live outside can only mean Fremont is trying to do something different,” he wrote in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates for people experiencing homelessness say the proposed law would make it more difficult for them to do their jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If my staff gives someone a blanket so they don’t freeze at night or a bottle of water, that would be considered aiding, right?” said Vivian Wan, CEO of Abode Services, which runs a shelter and other housing programs in Fremont. “If we don’t disclose where someone is sleeping outside, would that be concealing?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fremont Mayor Raj Salwan refuted the characterization of the plan as uniquely harsh, pointing out that Fremont’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.codepublishing.com/CA/Fremont/html/Fremont01/Fremont0110.html\">existing law\u003c/a> is like other cities’ that prohibit people from aiding and abetting any code violation. He said the language was only restated in this ordinance for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fremont.gov/home/showdocument?id=17280&t=638745346086012766\">sake of transparency\u003c/a> and dismissed concerns that advocates’ work would be impacted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The goal is not to penalize people for giving water or food or a tent or some support services,” he said. “Absolutely not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The aim, he said, is to give the city another tool to deal with the camps that have received the most complaints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If somebody is doing something that’s not safe, we can say, ‘Hey, you can’t do that.’ And at least they will have some concern that there may be some repercussions,” Salwan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026496\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12026496 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/20250210_Unhoused-Ban_DMB_00457-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Devante Booth practices the acoustic guitar outside of his makeshift shelter near Quarry Lakes Drive in Fremont, California, on Monday, Feb. 10, 2025. In addition to playing the guitar, Booth collects Lego sets and repairs bicycles for others in the community. On Feb. 11, 2025, Fremont city leaders are expected to vote on a proposed public camping ban that extends punishment beyond those living on the streets to people who facilitate or conceal encampments in what is being described as a first-in-the-state ban. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Sabyl Landrum, an attorney for the East Bay Community Law Center’s homelessness unit, argued that the ordinance is overly broad, especially with respect to the inclusion of aiding and abetting and private property. The plan bars camping on private property for more than three consecutive nights, so Landrum said residents could potentially be cited for letting a family member stay in an RV in their driveway or pitch a tent in their backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if that’s not officials’ intention, she said, “They are enacting an ordinance that can be used that way. Courts are going to interpret it based on the language of the ordinance, so they need to change the language.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://fremontcityca.iqm2.com/Citizens/Detail_LegiFile.aspx?Frame=&MeetingID=1987&MediaPosition=&ID=5308&CssClass=\">a December report\u003c/a> on the proposed ban, city staff estimated that implementing it would take over a million dollars in ongoing funding for law enforcement, waste management services and outreach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salwan said the city council will address community concerns before adopting the new rules, pointing out that Fremont has \u003ca href=\"https://homelessness.acgov.org/data_point_in_time.page?\">cut homelessness by more than 20% since 2022\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our goal is always to lead with services and safety and to, again, help people get a permanent path to housing,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But right now, unhoused residents and their advocates say there just aren’t enough temporary or permanent placements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jasmine Grijalva, 33, lives along a creek on the outskirts of Fremont in one of the encampments city leaders are targeting for cleanup. She said she’s been trying to get housing for four years. After working with various services providers, she said she’s finally on the cusp of getting a subsidized apartment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that’s not the case for most of her neighbors in the camp, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to figure out how we can just be corresponding with the world that’s out there. They don’t like looking at us. They don’t want to deal with us,” Grijalva said. “If you’re going to kick us out, give us somewhere else that we can be at. Give us something. Don’t just take it all away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe\n src='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfZ-ZKtuSHdeWqxooQwfEcr-oiOpdpJcf2RLZInU7aqjjQlRQ/viewform?embedded=true?embedded=true'\n title='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfZ-ZKtuSHdeWqxooQwfEcr-oiOpdpJcf2RLZInU7aqjjQlRQ/viewform?embedded=true'\n width='760' height='500'\n frameborder='0'\n marginheight='0' marginwidth='0'>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "san-jose-mayor-proposes-permanent-shift-homeless-funding-from-housing-shelter",
"title": "San José Mayor Proposes Permanent Shift in Homeless Funding From Housing to Shelter",
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"headTitle": "San José Mayor Proposes Permanent Shift in Homeless Funding From Housing to Shelter | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Armed \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12024327/san-jose-council-taps-engineering-executive-carl-salas-vacant-seat\">with a new council majority\u003c/a>, San José Mayor Matt Mahan will propose permanently reshaping the city’s strategy to reduce homelessness in his upcoming budget proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his first two years in office, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11989926/san-jose-council-approves-budget-with-historic-shift-in-unhoused-spending\">Mahan has centered his plan to reduce street homelessness on steering Measure E tax dollars\u003c/a> away from the construction of affordable apartments toward the development of interim housing and shelter. The mayor now wants to make that shift permanent, a move that could end yearly budget fights with supporters of affordable housing and cement his vision for homeless spending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our strategy for ending unsheltered homelessness in San José has shifted dramatically,” Mahan told KQED. “The council has voted in line with that strategy, but now we need to actually make permanent the Measure E funding to sustain it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan wants funds from Measure E, a tax on property sales of $2 million or more, to pay for the costs of interim shelter. Only once those costs are covered will excess transfer tax revenue go to building affordable housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the ‘nice to have,’” Mahan said. “The ‘need to have’ is getting people into a safe, dignified place today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983130\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983130\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20230801-SJCityHall-27-JY_qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20230801-SJCityHall-27-JY_qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20230801-SJCityHall-27-JY_qut-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20230801-SJCityHall-27-JY_qut-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20230801-SJCityHall-27-JY_qut-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20230801-SJCityHall-27-JY_qut-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">City Hall in San José, California, on Tuesday, Aug. 1, 2023. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San José currently has 499 units of interim housing spread across six communities — which \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11942734/emergency-calls-complaints-are-down-near-san-joses-temporary-housing-sites-so-why-are-they-still-so-politically-risky\">typically consist of small studios with in-unit bathrooms and communal kitchens\u003c/a>. City officials plan to open several new sites this year, in addition to a second managed parking lot for people living in their vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Measure E tax revenue can technically be spent on any city service, voters approved it in 2020 specifically to increase housing affordability and reduce homelessness. Under the current formula, 75% of Measure E revenue goes to affordable housing, 15% to shelter and 10% to homelessness prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his first two budgets, Mahan pushed to temporarily change this allocation. In 2023, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11952913/san-jose-council-approves-modest-shift-toward-temporary-homeless-housing\">he was largely rebuffed by the council\u003c/a>, but last year, he secured unanimous support for spending 65% of Measure E revenue on temporary housing and shelter — arguing that short-term projects were necessary to clear \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11979482/san-jose-mayor-matt-mahan-calls-for-urgent-action-on-homelessness-in-city-budget-plan\">encampments along the city’s waterways\u003c/a> and avoid water quality fines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12026053 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/MPFD0580-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11989926/san-jose-council-approves-budget-with-historic-shift-in-unhoused-spending\">council backed Mahan’s funding shift last year\u003c/a>, they also approved an amendment clarifying that the Measure E spending formula favoring affordable housing would remain the default heading into this year’s budget talks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a policy decision as to whether or not we’re going to have this fight every single year and have Groundhog Day — or we just acknowledge that this is our strategy and we need to make clear how we’re going to fund it,” Mahan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan appears to have a six-vote path to implementing these changes in the budget year beginning July 1. Last month, the council \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12024327/san-jose-council-taps-engineering-executive-carl-salas-vacant-seat\">appointed Carl Salas, an engineering executive supported by Mahan\u003c/a>, to the vacant District 3 seat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his interview for the job, Salas told the council he agreed with Mahan that the city needs to focus its funding on short-term housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mayor’s proposal will likely draw pushback from affordable housing advocates, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11949797/in-controversial-plan-san-jose-mayor-seeks-to-use-homelessness-dollars-to-build-more-temporary-shelters-instead-of-permanent-housing\">who have called Mahan’s strategy shortsighted\u003c/a>. Without city funding for the construction of new affordable apartments, they argue that people experiencing homelessness won’t have a place to go after staying in shelters and tiny homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It slows the housing production in our community down to a crawl,” said Ray Bramson, chief operating officer of housing nonprofit Destination: Home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got a lot of great projects off the ground and running, but now they’re struggling to find that local funding that is so necessary so that they can apply for tax credits and move forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan said the shift would allow the city to shave $40 million from an estimated $60 million budget shortfall. That’s because the council previously voted to absorb the construction and operating costs of interim housing into the general fund — an ongoing cost without a dedicated funding source. A city budget forecast released last year found that without a change to Measure E, the interim housing program will require increasing amounts of general fund spending — reaching $70 million in the 2028-29 fiscal year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is what we knew was going to happen all along,” Bramson said. “As you build more of these [interim] sites and more of these units, there is a fixed cost you are committing yourself to in perpetuity to keep these places running.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan will provide details of his spending plan when he releases his proposed budget in early March. On Tuesday, the council will review updated budget estimates and begin discussion on closing the $60 million shortfall. The deficit is largely the result of weaker-than-expected sales tax revenue, according to the city manager’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Armed \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12024327/san-jose-council-taps-engineering-executive-carl-salas-vacant-seat\">with a new council majority\u003c/a>, San José Mayor Matt Mahan will propose permanently reshaping the city’s strategy to reduce homelessness in his upcoming budget proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his first two years in office, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11989926/san-jose-council-approves-budget-with-historic-shift-in-unhoused-spending\">Mahan has centered his plan to reduce street homelessness on steering Measure E tax dollars\u003c/a> away from the construction of affordable apartments toward the development of interim housing and shelter. The mayor now wants to make that shift permanent, a move that could end yearly budget fights with supporters of affordable housing and cement his vision for homeless spending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our strategy for ending unsheltered homelessness in San José has shifted dramatically,” Mahan told KQED. “The council has voted in line with that strategy, but now we need to actually make permanent the Measure E funding to sustain it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan wants funds from Measure E, a tax on property sales of $2 million or more, to pay for the costs of interim shelter. Only once those costs are covered will excess transfer tax revenue go to building affordable housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the ‘nice to have,’” Mahan said. “The ‘need to have’ is getting people into a safe, dignified place today.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983130\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983130\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20230801-SJCityHall-27-JY_qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20230801-SJCityHall-27-JY_qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20230801-SJCityHall-27-JY_qut-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20230801-SJCityHall-27-JY_qut-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20230801-SJCityHall-27-JY_qut-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/20230801-SJCityHall-27-JY_qut-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">City Hall in San José, California, on Tuesday, Aug. 1, 2023. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San José currently has 499 units of interim housing spread across six communities — which \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11942734/emergency-calls-complaints-are-down-near-san-joses-temporary-housing-sites-so-why-are-they-still-so-politically-risky\">typically consist of small studios with in-unit bathrooms and communal kitchens\u003c/a>. City officials plan to open several new sites this year, in addition to a second managed parking lot for people living in their vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Measure E tax revenue can technically be spent on any city service, voters approved it in 2020 specifically to increase housing affordability and reduce homelessness. Under the current formula, 75% of Measure E revenue goes to affordable housing, 15% to shelter and 10% to homelessness prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his first two budgets, Mahan pushed to temporarily change this allocation. In 2023, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11952913/san-jose-council-approves-modest-shift-toward-temporary-homeless-housing\">he was largely rebuffed by the council\u003c/a>, but last year, he secured unanimous support for spending 65% of Measure E revenue on temporary housing and shelter — arguing that short-term projects were necessary to clear \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11979482/san-jose-mayor-matt-mahan-calls-for-urgent-action-on-homelessness-in-city-budget-plan\">encampments along the city’s waterways\u003c/a> and avoid water quality fines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11989926/san-jose-council-approves-budget-with-historic-shift-in-unhoused-spending\">council backed Mahan’s funding shift last year\u003c/a>, they also approved an amendment clarifying that the Measure E spending formula favoring affordable housing would remain the default heading into this year’s budget talks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a policy decision as to whether or not we’re going to have this fight every single year and have Groundhog Day — or we just acknowledge that this is our strategy and we need to make clear how we’re going to fund it,” Mahan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan appears to have a six-vote path to implementing these changes in the budget year beginning July 1. Last month, the council \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12024327/san-jose-council-taps-engineering-executive-carl-salas-vacant-seat\">appointed Carl Salas, an engineering executive supported by Mahan\u003c/a>, to the vacant District 3 seat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his interview for the job, Salas told the council he agreed with Mahan that the city needs to focus its funding on short-term housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mayor’s proposal will likely draw pushback from affordable housing advocates, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11949797/in-controversial-plan-san-jose-mayor-seeks-to-use-homelessness-dollars-to-build-more-temporary-shelters-instead-of-permanent-housing\">who have called Mahan’s strategy shortsighted\u003c/a>. Without city funding for the construction of new affordable apartments, they argue that people experiencing homelessness won’t have a place to go after staying in shelters and tiny homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It slows the housing production in our community down to a crawl,” said Ray Bramson, chief operating officer of housing nonprofit Destination: Home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got a lot of great projects off the ground and running, but now they’re struggling to find that local funding that is so necessary so that they can apply for tax credits and move forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan said the shift would allow the city to shave $40 million from an estimated $60 million budget shortfall. That’s because the council previously voted to absorb the construction and operating costs of interim housing into the general fund — an ongoing cost without a dedicated funding source. A city budget forecast released last year found that without a change to Measure E, the interim housing program will require increasing amounts of general fund spending — reaching $70 million in the 2028-29 fiscal year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is what we knew was going to happen all along,” Bramson said. “As you build more of these [interim] sites and more of these units, there is a fixed cost you are committing yourself to in perpetuity to keep these places running.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahan will provide details of his spending plan when he releases his proposed budget in early March. On Tuesday, the council will review updated budget estimates and begin discussion on closing the $60 million shortfall. The deficit is largely the result of weaker-than-expected sales tax revenue, according to the city manager’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
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"soldout": {
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