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"content": "\u003cp>For the fourth year in a row, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/national-parks\">the National Park Service\u003c/a> is making \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/subjects/npscelebrates/juneteenth.htm\">entry to all national parks free on Juneteenth\u003c/a> after it was recognized as a federal holiday in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to Nick Collins, who created the Black-led East Bay hiking group \u003ca href=\"https://the510hikers.org/\">510 Hikers\u003c/a>, the real connection between Black liberation and the outdoors sits deeper than a one-day outing in a park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s about reclaiming our spaces, it’s about the connection with nature, it’s about the healing,” Collins said. “It’s about providing a platform to allow people to be welcome and invited and feel like they’re a part of a space that they can live healthy in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a Black kid growing up in the East Bay with outdoorsy parents, Collins said he often found himself one of the only people of color in these spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a 10-year-old, you don’t really think much about it,” he said. “You’re more interested in the insects and finding snakes and little reptiles than you are in counting the number of Black people that are there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as he got older, Collins said he began to see the lack of people of color in the outdoor spaces he frequented for the issue that it was. “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks?field_park_activities=All&city=450\">The local parks that are in Oakland \u003c/a>are minutes away from areas in the city that are highly populated with people of color,” he said. “And I wanted to start finding out the reasons behind the barriers keeping people of color from getting to these hiking places.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=arts_13976970 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2025/06/20240619_JuneteenthCookout_GC-5_qed-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, in 2014, Collins founded \u003ca href=\"https://the510hikers.org/\">510 Hikers\u003c/a>, whose mission is to get more Black people out onto trails and in wild places — and critically, to build “community and connection,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once Collins started organizing hikes every Saturday all across the Bay Area, what he found wasn’t a financial barrier, but a comfort one, he said. And one key element was allowing folks “to feel like they didn’t have to leave their neighborhood to go on a hike,” he said — because “the neighborhood sometimes \u003cem>isn’t \u003c/em>the physical space.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes the neighborhood is the people that are around you,” Collins said. “So I said, ‘Hey, let’s bring the neighborhood to the outdoors. Let’s bring the ‘hood to the woods.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>‘We’re out here’\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After over a decade, 510 Hikers is still going strong today, with outings nearly every single weekend. (“We’ve hiked every trail in the Bay Area,” Collins said.) The group doesn’t just hike, either — they’ve organized community 5K runs, American River floats and trips all across the Bay Area and far beyond, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DKvB3zVBvhE/?hl=en\">a recent trek up Half Dome in Yosemite National Park. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/events/4200716470185145\"> their next Saturday event, on June 21 at 8:15 a.m.\u003c/a> at \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/sibley-volcanic\">Sibley Volcanic Regional Preserve\u003c/a> in the Oakland Hills, wasn’t originally marked as a Juneteenth hike, it doesn’t have to be, Collins said — because “we’re out here every week.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, Collins said he plans to take a moment and say a few words to kick off the hike, inviting hikers to reflect on the weight of the last 200 years of history to today that led to them sharing a morning outdoors together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Freedom isn’t free,” he said. “And we owe it to our ancestors to love each other and be a community and hike in and enjoy nature.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just a couple of generations ago, we wouldn’t have even been allowed to gather the way we’re gathering now,” he said. “We have to let that sink in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#A\">More Juneteenth events hosted by local BIPOC groups in the Bay Area.\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Collins frequently begins each hike with a get-to-know-you activity — as it’s so often the people, not the place, that gives these hikes their purpose. If you leave a hike without several new friends and connections, “you missed out,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s well aware of the ripple effect his group has had among hikers of all ages, who tell him they’ve found motivation to lead a more active life and be more in tune with the world and the community around them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For a lot of us, this is more than just gathering up and hiking together,” he said. “We understand the impact we’ve had in the Bay Area. We understand the impact we’ve had with each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It goes beyond safety — there’s a pridefulness,” Collins said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s also committed to promoting the physical and mental health benefits of hiking and being outside, saying that “hiking is kind of like putting vegetables in spaghetti.” He often starts hikes by encouraging participants to close their eyes, put one hand over their heart, and focus on their breath and the sounds of nature around them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12044209\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12044209\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/487173291_1076835787803420_8123029877164460457_n.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/487173291_1076835787803420_8123029877164460457_n.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/487173291_1076835787803420_8123029877164460457_n-160x120.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">510 Hikers, whose mission is to get more Black people out onto trails and in wild places. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of 510 Hikers/Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“What nature does so often is it starts to thaw out that frozen sense of ours,” he said. “You want to be a place where a butterfly wants to land and … use nature to tune into the nature within yourself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re tempted to join \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/events/4200716470185145\">Saturday’s Sibley hike\u003c/a>, bring water, shoes with traction and a snack — but rest assured that Collins brings extras of everything, just in case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And just know: “You’re going to catch a vibe and want to come back,” he said. “That’s who we are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"A\">\u003c/a>More outdoor groups and events to join to mark Juneteenth with\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/majortaylorbayarea/\">\u003cstrong>Major Taylor Bay Area Cycling Club\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Named for one of the early Black sports icons, \u003ca href=\"https://www.majortaylorassociation.org/who.shtml\">world-famous cyclist Major Taylor\u003c/a>, this East Bay-based cycling club is hosting a \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/juneteenth-celebration-ride-with-major-taylor-and-sports-basement-tickets-1395507262789\">10 a.m. Juneteenth ride on June 19, leaving from Berkeley Sports Basement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now in its fourth year, the event is an all-ages “daytime ride in celebration of Black joy, freedom, and community,” organizers said. “No Lycra necessary — just roll up in something that feels expressive and free.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/blackrock_collective/?hl=en\">\u003cstrong>Black Rock Collective\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Saturday June 14 at \u003ca href=\"https://portal.touchstoneclimbing.com/pacificpipe/programs/juneteenth-brc?course=Q291cnNlOjlhZmFkNzYxMjI1NmE3MGQ5MzRhYzAwNjYyZWU4ZmZk&date=2025-06-14\">Pacific Pipe Climbing Gym in Oakland,\u003c/a> climbing club Black Rock Collective is teaming up with Touchstone Climbing from 3 p.m. to 7 p.m. “for an evening of community, creativity and connection.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event will not only welcome new and experienced climbers and raise money for the club, but will also feature an \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeV1UodiuoH8erYZ0R3ssoM-tJtI7gqymc0pxqemvUUWfs8SQ/viewform\">artists market and a raffle,\u003c/a> featuring Black-owned small businesses, food and drink vendors and artists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.blacksurfsantacruz.org/\">\u003cstrong>Black Surf Santa Cruz\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now in its fifth year, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.blacksurfsantacruz.org/lpo2025\">Liberation Paddle Out\u003c/a> at Cowells Beach on Sunday, June 15, hosted by Black Surf Santa Cruz, promises “a joyous day on the beach” to center Black and BIPOC community members and “experience the transformative power of the ocean together, many for their first time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization also\u003ca href=\"https://www.blacksurfsantacruz.org/programs\"> hosts events and pop-up programs\u003c/a> centering surf education and recreation all year round.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/we-celebrate/juneteenth\">\u003cstrong>East Bay Regional Parks\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/subjects/npscelebrates/juneteenth.htm\">free entry at national parks\u003c/a>, the East Bay Regional Park District is opening its \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/we-celebrate/juneteenth\">parks for free all day as well\u003c/a> on Juneteenth itself, June 19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A number of parks are having their own celebrations, including a \u003ca href=\"https://anc.apm.activecommunities.com/ebparks/activity/search/detail/55521?onlineSiteId=0&from_original_cui=true\">naturalist-led hike at Coyote Hills Regional Park\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://anc.apm.activecommunities.com/ebparks/activity/search/detail/55383?onlineSiteId=0&from_original_cui=true\">a celebration walk at Thurgood Marshall Regional Park\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeCeDp_MY_h4G6VWj_-VPl-BJlQ3Uya2H0vxRZZd_47BpXwVA/viewform?embedded=true\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, in 2014, Collins founded \u003ca href=\"https://the510hikers.org/\">510 Hikers\u003c/a>, whose mission is to get more Black people out onto trails and in wild places — and critically, to build “community and connection,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once Collins started organizing hikes every Saturday all across the Bay Area, what he found wasn’t a financial barrier, but a comfort one, he said. And one key element was allowing folks “to feel like they didn’t have to leave their neighborhood to go on a hike,” he said — because “the neighborhood sometimes \u003cem>isn’t \u003c/em>the physical space.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes the neighborhood is the people that are around you,” Collins said. “So I said, ‘Hey, let’s bring the neighborhood to the outdoors. Let’s bring the ‘hood to the woods.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>‘We’re out here’\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After over a decade, 510 Hikers is still going strong today, with outings nearly every single weekend. (“We’ve hiked every trail in the Bay Area,” Collins said.) The group doesn’t just hike, either — they’ve organized community 5K runs, American River floats and trips all across the Bay Area and far beyond, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DKvB3zVBvhE/?hl=en\">a recent trek up Half Dome in Yosemite National Park. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/events/4200716470185145\"> their next Saturday event, on June 21 at 8:15 a.m.\u003c/a> at \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/sibley-volcanic\">Sibley Volcanic Regional Preserve\u003c/a> in the Oakland Hills, wasn’t originally marked as a Juneteenth hike, it doesn’t have to be, Collins said — because “we’re out here every week.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, Collins said he plans to take a moment and say a few words to kick off the hike, inviting hikers to reflect on the weight of the last 200 years of history to today that led to them sharing a morning outdoors together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Freedom isn’t free,” he said. “And we owe it to our ancestors to love each other and be a community and hike in and enjoy nature.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just a couple of generations ago, we wouldn’t have even been allowed to gather the way we’re gathering now,” he said. “We have to let that sink in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#A\">More Juneteenth events hosted by local BIPOC groups in the Bay Area.\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Collins frequently begins each hike with a get-to-know-you activity — as it’s so often the people, not the place, that gives these hikes their purpose. If you leave a hike without several new friends and connections, “you missed out,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s well aware of the ripple effect his group has had among hikers of all ages, who tell him they’ve found motivation to lead a more active life and be more in tune with the world and the community around them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For a lot of us, this is more than just gathering up and hiking together,” he said. “We understand the impact we’ve had in the Bay Area. We understand the impact we’ve had with each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It goes beyond safety — there’s a pridefulness,” Collins said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s also committed to promoting the physical and mental health benefits of hiking and being outside, saying that “hiking is kind of like putting vegetables in spaghetti.” He often starts hikes by encouraging participants to close their eyes, put one hand over their heart, and focus on their breath and the sounds of nature around them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12044209\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12044209\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/487173291_1076835787803420_8123029877164460457_n.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/487173291_1076835787803420_8123029877164460457_n.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/487173291_1076835787803420_8123029877164460457_n-160x120.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">510 Hikers, whose mission is to get more Black people out onto trails and in wild places. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of 510 Hikers/Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“What nature does so often is it starts to thaw out that frozen sense of ours,” he said. “You want to be a place where a butterfly wants to land and … use nature to tune into the nature within yourself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re tempted to join \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/events/4200716470185145\">Saturday’s Sibley hike\u003c/a>, bring water, shoes with traction and a snack — but rest assured that Collins brings extras of everything, just in case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And just know: “You’re going to catch a vibe and want to come back,” he said. “That’s who we are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"A\">\u003c/a>More outdoor groups and events to join to mark Juneteenth with\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/majortaylorbayarea/\">\u003cstrong>Major Taylor Bay Area Cycling Club\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Named for one of the early Black sports icons, \u003ca href=\"https://www.majortaylorassociation.org/who.shtml\">world-famous cyclist Major Taylor\u003c/a>, this East Bay-based cycling club is hosting a \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/juneteenth-celebration-ride-with-major-taylor-and-sports-basement-tickets-1395507262789\">10 a.m. Juneteenth ride on June 19, leaving from Berkeley Sports Basement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now in its fourth year, the event is an all-ages “daytime ride in celebration of Black joy, freedom, and community,” organizers said. “No Lycra necessary — just roll up in something that feels expressive and free.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/blackrock_collective/?hl=en\">\u003cstrong>Black Rock Collective\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Saturday June 14 at \u003ca href=\"https://portal.touchstoneclimbing.com/pacificpipe/programs/juneteenth-brc?course=Q291cnNlOjlhZmFkNzYxMjI1NmE3MGQ5MzRhYzAwNjYyZWU4ZmZk&date=2025-06-14\">Pacific Pipe Climbing Gym in Oakland,\u003c/a> climbing club Black Rock Collective is teaming up with Touchstone Climbing from 3 p.m. to 7 p.m. “for an evening of community, creativity and connection.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The event will not only welcome new and experienced climbers and raise money for the club, but will also feature an \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeV1UodiuoH8erYZ0R3ssoM-tJtI7gqymc0pxqemvUUWfs8SQ/viewform\">artists market and a raffle,\u003c/a> featuring Black-owned small businesses, food and drink vendors and artists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.blacksurfsantacruz.org/\">\u003cstrong>Black Surf Santa Cruz\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now in its fifth year, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.blacksurfsantacruz.org/lpo2025\">Liberation Paddle Out\u003c/a> at Cowells Beach on Sunday, June 15, hosted by Black Surf Santa Cruz, promises “a joyous day on the beach” to center Black and BIPOC community members and “experience the transformative power of the ocean together, many for their first time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization also\u003ca href=\"https://www.blacksurfsantacruz.org/programs\"> hosts events and pop-up programs\u003c/a> centering surf education and recreation all year round.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/we-celebrate/juneteenth\">\u003cstrong>East Bay Regional Parks\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/subjects/npscelebrates/juneteenth.htm\">free entry at national parks\u003c/a>, the East Bay Regional Park District is opening its \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/we-celebrate/juneteenth\">parks for free all day as well\u003c/a> on Juneteenth itself, June 19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A number of parks are having their own celebrations, including a \u003ca href=\"https://anc.apm.activecommunities.com/ebparks/activity/search/detail/55521?onlineSiteId=0&from_original_cui=true\">naturalist-led hike at Coyote Hills Regional Park\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://anc.apm.activecommunities.com/ebparks/activity/search/detail/55383?onlineSiteId=0&from_original_cui=true\">a celebration walk at Thurgood Marshall Regional Park\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe\n src='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeCeDp_MY_h4G6VWj_-VPl-BJlQ3Uya2H0vxRZZd_47BpXwVA/viewform?embedded=true?embedded=true'\n title='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeCeDp_MY_h4G6VWj_-VPl-BJlQ3Uya2H0vxRZZd_47BpXwVA/viewform?embedded=true'\n width='760' height='500'\n frameborder='0'\n marginheight='0' marginwidth='0'>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "golden-gate-park-san-francisco-breast-cancer-memorial-garden",
"title": "Golden Gate Park’s Newest Memorial Opens Its Arms to All Affected by Cancer",
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"headTitle": "Golden Gate Park’s Newest Memorial Opens Its Arms to All Affected by Cancer | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Stepping into San Francisco’s \u003ca href=\"https://sfrecpark.org/CivicAlerts.aspx?AID=2233\">newest memorial\u003c/a> on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11915065/take-a-very-curious-golden-gate-park-walking-tour\">Golden Gate Park\u003c/a>’s northwestern edge, all the busyness of the city and park seems to soften.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The space is small — just one wide stone pathway leading to an even wider circle, encircled by soaring greenery. On one side are wooden benches. On the other, a porous steel semicircle displays the names of 110 young people who have died from breast cancer — a ring which seems to float in midair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a metaphorical hug,” said Meaghan Campbell, board member and volunteer for \u003ca href=\"https://bayareayoungsurvivors.org/\">Bay Area Young Survivors\u003c/a>, or BAYS: the support community for breast cancer patients and survivors, which was the force behind this new \u003ca href=\"https://bayareayoungsurvivors.org/memorial-garden/\">Breast Cancer Memorial Garden, the first of its kind in the country.\u003c/a> The idea of an “infinite hug” was repeated to me several times on the sunny May morning just after the memorial first opened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new memorial, which has been in the works since 2009, overlooks the \u003ca href=\"https://gggp.org/conservatory-of-flowers/\">Conservatory of Flowers\u003c/a> and the Golden Gate Bridge. Its \u003ca href=\"https://maps.app.goo.gl/WCDkt5yrNV6ZKXgD6\">entrance on Conservatory Drive\u003c/a> features a sign welcoming survivors, their caregivers and anyone else affected by cancer — or in need of a quiet place to sit and reflect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/breast-cancer/about/how-common-is-breast-cancer.html\">around 40,000 people die of breast cancer in the United States alone\u003c/a>. Since the group’s inception in 2003, 110 have been BAYS members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Jump straight to: \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#gardens-Bay-Area\">Five more spaces to honor, reflect and gather in the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>After a decade, a space with ‘a whole new meaning’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984534/why-nature-is-great-for-your-mental-health\">Visiting outdoor spaces like parks and beaches is known to improve mental health\u003c/a>. And for someone who has just received the news of a diagnosis or needs a quiet moment amid the stress of caregiving, the garden opens its arms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After more than a decade navigating design, approvals and discussing dozens of potential locations for the memorial, BAYS, the San Francisco Recreation and Parks Department and consultants from InsideOut Design settled on this corner of Golden Gate Park \u003ca href=\"https://sfrecpark.org/CivicAlerts.aspx?AID=2233\">as the site for the new memorial\u003c/a>, said Daniel Montes, a parks department spokesperson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041387\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041387\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-4-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-4-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-4-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-4-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-4-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-4-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-4-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daniel Montes looks at the names inscribed on the Bay Area Young Survivors Breast Cancer Memorial Garden in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco on May 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It had been taken over by plants and just kind of forgotten, but it’s been revived,” Montes said. “It’s totally new and it has a whole new meaning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montes and Omar Davis, the parks department’s project manager for the memorial, said BAYS’ advocacy and unwavering commitment to the project ushered it through all 11 years of planning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As it turns out, there’s a lot of great ideas being pitched to Rec and Park for all kinds of new programs, new spaces,” Davis said. “But it is really incumbent on those groups to have that commitment. And BAYS was 1,000% committed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bayareayoungsurvivors.org/about/\">Founded in 2003\u003c/a>, BAYS focuses on those diagnosed young — its members all received their cancer diagnosis before age 45. The group meets virtually, hosting events and connecting over Slack and Google groups, offering a forum to discuss the particularly difficult and often isolating questions and issues that are unique to the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group also provides support in the form of meal deliveries, gatherings and invaluable advice. In addition to regular volunteer workdays to maintain the garden, BAYS plans to hold events in the memorial in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041389\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041389\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-8-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-8-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-8-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-8-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-8-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-8-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-8-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Meaghan Calcari Campbell poses for a photo at the Bay Area Young Survivors Breast Cancer Memorial Garden in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco on May 22, 2025. She was diagnosed with breast cancer at age 32. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Nobody should have to go through cancer alone, especially at a young age,” Campbell said. She was 32, in an MBA program and living in Canada when she felt a lump on her breast against her elbow that led to her diagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bring-your-brave/breast-cancer-in-young-women/index.html#:~:text=About%2010%25%20of%20all%20new,than%2045%20years%20of%20age.\">According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,\u003c/a> around 10% of all new cases of breast cancer in the U.S. are found in women younger than 45. That \u003ca href=\"https://www.cancer.org/content/dam/cancer-org/research/cancer-facts-and-statistics/breast-cancer-facts-and-figures/2024/breast-cancer-facts-and-figures-2024.pdf\">number is increasing,\u003c/a> according to the American Cancer Society. Campbell hopes the memorial will bring greater awareness to the fact that “young people get cancer, and \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3262236/\">they die at higher rates.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In finalizing the design of the space, the group’s central focus was creating “a lightness as a counterbalance to the heavy reality of a memorial,” Campbell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The phrases written on the memorial — including “feeling makes us human” and “held aloft by loving community” — come from the four anthologies BAYS has published of writings from its members, many of whom have since passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Where we come together, where we grieve, we celebrate’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The vision for this memorial began with BAYS member and master gardener Melissa Wyss — and a need to gather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wyss “found so much healing with dirt, hands, sun, wind, in that outdoor space,” said Campbell, who co-project managed the space. “It was her who really set off this conversation around what could it be to have a physical spot where we come together, where we grieve, we celebrate, and that’s an extension of our support groups, and really for the whole world. Anybody who comes here can feel held, just like we do in BAYS.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041391\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041391\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-13-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-13-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-13-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-13-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-13-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-13-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-13-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nola Agha touches a plaque reading “my friend” at the Bay Area Young Survivors Breast Cancer Memorial Garden in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco on May 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nola Agha, a BAYS member, volunteer and one of the memorial’s project managers, introduced me to the women whose names are on display on the arc. Many of them were surrounded by flowers drying out in the sun, and Agha instinctively touched each name as she remembered something about each of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is Sarah. She was a young mother of two when she passed away,” Agha said. “Julie was a nurse. Kate was an amazing musician — she played the saxophone like nobody you could ever imagine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first name on the arc, farthest to the left, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Deb-Mosley-dies-she-inspired-cancer-patients-3273302.php\">is that of Deb Mosley, who founded BAYS.\u003c/a> “We wouldn’t be here without her,” Agha said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are my friends; these are people I miss,” Agha said, as she pointed out master gardner Wyss’ name next to Janet Sollod’s and Alison McCreery’s, who started the process of working with the parks department to create the memorial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We promised them we’d finish it,” she said. “And we did.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041388\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041388\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-6-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-6-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-6-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-6-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-6-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-6-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-6-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nola Agha, BAYS Memorial project manager and volunteer, poses for a photo at the Bay Area Young Survivors Breast Cancer Memorial Garden in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco on May 22, 2025. She was diagnosed with breast cancer at age 35. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Agha was diagnosed with breast cancer when she was 35. Her two kids were two and three, and she had been breastfeeding, so she had misidentified a cancerous lump in her breast as a clogged duct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the names on the memorial arc is of Lori Wallace-Pushinaitis, who Agha said received a similar diagnosis at the same time as her. “My treatment was successful, and hers wasn’t,” Agha said. Now, Agha has been diagnosed with lung cancer, possibly from the radiation that was used to treat her breast cancer, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Closest to the center of the memorial, the words in the ground read, “learn how to survive, and in the process, how to live. Consider what the sum of our own lives will be. And it will be enough. And it will be enough. And it will be enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As you walk the labyrinth-like path and experience these arcs, you get to the center, and it’s the reflection of what the sum of our lives will be,” Campbell said. “And it will always be enough — it has to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041395\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041395\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-30-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-30-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-30-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-30-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-30-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-30-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-30-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, Nola Agha, Yvonne Tou and Meaghan Calcari Campbell walk past the Bay Area Young Survivors Breast Cancer Memorial Garden in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco on May 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"gardens-Bay-Area\">\u003c/a>Five more spaces to honor, reflect and gather in the Bay Area\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965426\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11965426\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"Two people hold each other, appearing to be dancing, in a wooded area.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Catalina O’Connor and Zoe Huey rehearse for the Bay Curious National AIDS Memorial Walking Tour in the National AIDS Memorial Grove in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco on Oct. 22, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>National AIDS Memorial Grove, San Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 10 acres that make up the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aidsmemorial.org/grove\">National AIDS Memorial Grove\u003c/a> in San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park take you through native forests with species like dogwoods, oaks, redwoods, pines and ferns and to babbling creeks and fountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The site commemorates \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101883856/remembering-the-early-days-of-the-aids-epidemic-40-years-later\">those lost to the AIDS pandemic\u003c/a> and today’s continued work to remember, heal and act against anti-LGBTQ+ stigma and hate. There are many spaces to sit and reflect in the shade of the trees, or simply stroll to clear your head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pulgas Water Temple, Redwood City\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11972095/sunol-pulgas-redwood-city-why-bay-area-water-temples\">Pulgas Water Temple\u003c/a> off of Cañada Road in Redwood City marks \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1982551/celebration-and-concern-hetch-hetchy-reservoir-turns-100-but-climate-change-complicates-its-future\">the completion of the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir\u003c/a> and the first point where water from the Sierra reached the Bay Area at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11747125/the-not-so-crystal-clean-history-of-san-franciscos-drinking-water-2\">Crystal Springs Reservoir\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tree-lined reflecting pool and lawn make for an idyllic picnic spot or place to rest and reflect. Tim Ramirez, who manages the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfpuc.gov/\">San Francisco Public Utilities Commission’s\u003c/a> Division of Natural Resources, said the temple is a reminder of the vision and foresight of those who first imagined Hetch Hetchy and its role in the success of San Francisco and the Bay Area as a whole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12043590 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/SEASACHI-SWITCH-QUEERSURF-JUNE-7-2025-_23-2000x1333.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emeryville Shellmound Memorial, Emeryville\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once a massive archaeological site, the Emeryville Shellmound Memorial pays a small tribute to the history of the Ohlone people, whose \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11704679/there-were-once-more-than-425-shellmounds-in-the-bay-area-where-did-they-go\">shellmounds — used as burial or ceremonial sites — used to dot the Bay Area\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now a shopping mall, the former shellmound was excavated to make way for the mall. This spot is often used as a gathering place for protests on Black Friday that call attention to the site’s destruction and the mishandling of Indigenous remains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Angel Island Immigration Station, Angel Island\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 1910 and 1940, around 500,000 immigrants from 80 countries arrived at \u003ca href=\"https://www.aiisf.org/history\">Angel Island,\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821133/the-little-known-history-of-japanese-internment-on-angel-island\">many of whom were detained or interrogated\u003c/a> as their status was processed.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now a state park and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1582/index.htm\">National Historic Landmark\u003c/a>, the island houses a history museum and a monument to the Chinese immigrants who were detained on the island. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034009/angel-island-exhibit-aims-shine-light-border-surveillance-american-exclusion\">A new exhibit opened this spring\u003c/a> focusing on the U.S.-Mexico border amid President Donald Trump’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/immigration\">immigration crackdown\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tanforan Memorial, San Bruno\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opened in 2022, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.tanforanmemorial.org/\">Tanforan Memorial\u003c/a> commemorates the 8,000 Japanese Americans imprisoned there in 1942 while more permanent internment camps were under construction, after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021919/bay-area-japanese-americans-draw-on-wwii-trauma-resist-deportation-threats\">the United States invoked the Alien Enemies Act\u003c/a> to detain people of Japanese descent living in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just outside of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bart.gov/about/planning/art-program/exhibit\">San Bruno BART\u003c/a> station, the memorial was designed to replicate a horse stall, like the ones detainees were forced to occupy at the former racetrack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeCeDp_MY_h4G6VWj_-VPl-BJlQ3Uya2H0vxRZZd_47BpXwVA/viewform?embedded=true\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "Golden Gate Park’s Newest Memorial Opens Its Arms to All Affected by Cancer | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Stepping into San Francisco’s \u003ca href=\"https://sfrecpark.org/CivicAlerts.aspx?AID=2233\">newest memorial\u003c/a> on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11915065/take-a-very-curious-golden-gate-park-walking-tour\">Golden Gate Park\u003c/a>’s northwestern edge, all the busyness of the city and park seems to soften.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The space is small — just one wide stone pathway leading to an even wider circle, encircled by soaring greenery. On one side are wooden benches. On the other, a porous steel semicircle displays the names of 110 young people who have died from breast cancer — a ring which seems to float in midair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a metaphorical hug,” said Meaghan Campbell, board member and volunteer for \u003ca href=\"https://bayareayoungsurvivors.org/\">Bay Area Young Survivors\u003c/a>, or BAYS: the support community for breast cancer patients and survivors, which was the force behind this new \u003ca href=\"https://bayareayoungsurvivors.org/memorial-garden/\">Breast Cancer Memorial Garden, the first of its kind in the country.\u003c/a> The idea of an “infinite hug” was repeated to me several times on the sunny May morning just after the memorial first opened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new memorial, which has been in the works since 2009, overlooks the \u003ca href=\"https://gggp.org/conservatory-of-flowers/\">Conservatory of Flowers\u003c/a> and the Golden Gate Bridge. Its \u003ca href=\"https://maps.app.goo.gl/WCDkt5yrNV6ZKXgD6\">entrance on Conservatory Drive\u003c/a> features a sign welcoming survivors, their caregivers and anyone else affected by cancer — or in need of a quiet place to sit and reflect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/breast-cancer/about/how-common-is-breast-cancer.html\">around 40,000 people die of breast cancer in the United States alone\u003c/a>. Since the group’s inception in 2003, 110 have been BAYS members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Jump straight to: \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#gardens-Bay-Area\">Five more spaces to honor, reflect and gather in the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>After a decade, a space with ‘a whole new meaning’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1984534/why-nature-is-great-for-your-mental-health\">Visiting outdoor spaces like parks and beaches is known to improve mental health\u003c/a>. And for someone who has just received the news of a diagnosis or needs a quiet moment amid the stress of caregiving, the garden opens its arms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After more than a decade navigating design, approvals and discussing dozens of potential locations for the memorial, BAYS, the San Francisco Recreation and Parks Department and consultants from InsideOut Design settled on this corner of Golden Gate Park \u003ca href=\"https://sfrecpark.org/CivicAlerts.aspx?AID=2233\">as the site for the new memorial\u003c/a>, said Daniel Montes, a parks department spokesperson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041387\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041387\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-4-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-4-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-4-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-4-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-4-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-4-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-4-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daniel Montes looks at the names inscribed on the Bay Area Young Survivors Breast Cancer Memorial Garden in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco on May 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It had been taken over by plants and just kind of forgotten, but it’s been revived,” Montes said. “It’s totally new and it has a whole new meaning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montes and Omar Davis, the parks department’s project manager for the memorial, said BAYS’ advocacy and unwavering commitment to the project ushered it through all 11 years of planning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As it turns out, there’s a lot of great ideas being pitched to Rec and Park for all kinds of new programs, new spaces,” Davis said. “But it is really incumbent on those groups to have that commitment. And BAYS was 1,000% committed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bayareayoungsurvivors.org/about/\">Founded in 2003\u003c/a>, BAYS focuses on those diagnosed young — its members all received their cancer diagnosis before age 45. The group meets virtually, hosting events and connecting over Slack and Google groups, offering a forum to discuss the particularly difficult and often isolating questions and issues that are unique to the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group also provides support in the form of meal deliveries, gatherings and invaluable advice. In addition to regular volunteer workdays to maintain the garden, BAYS plans to hold events in the memorial in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041389\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041389\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-8-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-8-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-8-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-8-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-8-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-8-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-8-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Meaghan Calcari Campbell poses for a photo at the Bay Area Young Survivors Breast Cancer Memorial Garden in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco on May 22, 2025. She was diagnosed with breast cancer at age 32. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Nobody should have to go through cancer alone, especially at a young age,” Campbell said. She was 32, in an MBA program and living in Canada when she felt a lump on her breast against her elbow that led to her diagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/bring-your-brave/breast-cancer-in-young-women/index.html#:~:text=About%2010%25%20of%20all%20new,than%2045%20years%20of%20age.\">According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,\u003c/a> around 10% of all new cases of breast cancer in the U.S. are found in women younger than 45. That \u003ca href=\"https://www.cancer.org/content/dam/cancer-org/research/cancer-facts-and-statistics/breast-cancer-facts-and-figures/2024/breast-cancer-facts-and-figures-2024.pdf\">number is increasing,\u003c/a> according to the American Cancer Society. Campbell hopes the memorial will bring greater awareness to the fact that “young people get cancer, and \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3262236/\">they die at higher rates.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In finalizing the design of the space, the group’s central focus was creating “a lightness as a counterbalance to the heavy reality of a memorial,” Campbell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The phrases written on the memorial — including “feeling makes us human” and “held aloft by loving community” — come from the four anthologies BAYS has published of writings from its members, many of whom have since passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Where we come together, where we grieve, we celebrate’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The vision for this memorial began with BAYS member and master gardener Melissa Wyss — and a need to gather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wyss “found so much healing with dirt, hands, sun, wind, in that outdoor space,” said Campbell, who co-project managed the space. “It was her who really set off this conversation around what could it be to have a physical spot where we come together, where we grieve, we celebrate, and that’s an extension of our support groups, and really for the whole world. Anybody who comes here can feel held, just like we do in BAYS.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041391\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041391\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-13-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-13-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-13-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-13-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-13-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-13-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-13-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nola Agha touches a plaque reading “my friend” at the Bay Area Young Survivors Breast Cancer Memorial Garden in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco on May 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nola Agha, a BAYS member, volunteer and one of the memorial’s project managers, introduced me to the women whose names are on display on the arc. Many of them were surrounded by flowers drying out in the sun, and Agha instinctively touched each name as she remembered something about each of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is Sarah. She was a young mother of two when she passed away,” Agha said. “Julie was a nurse. Kate was an amazing musician — she played the saxophone like nobody you could ever imagine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first name on the arc, farthest to the left, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Deb-Mosley-dies-she-inspired-cancer-patients-3273302.php\">is that of Deb Mosley, who founded BAYS.\u003c/a> “We wouldn’t be here without her,” Agha said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are my friends; these are people I miss,” Agha said, as she pointed out master gardner Wyss’ name next to Janet Sollod’s and Alison McCreery’s, who started the process of working with the parks department to create the memorial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We promised them we’d finish it,” she said. “And we did.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041388\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041388\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-6-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-6-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-6-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-6-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-6-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-6-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-6-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nola Agha, BAYS Memorial project manager and volunteer, poses for a photo at the Bay Area Young Survivors Breast Cancer Memorial Garden in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco on May 22, 2025. She was diagnosed with breast cancer at age 35. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Agha was diagnosed with breast cancer when she was 35. Her two kids were two and three, and she had been breastfeeding, so she had misidentified a cancerous lump in her breast as a clogged duct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the names on the memorial arc is of Lori Wallace-Pushinaitis, who Agha said received a similar diagnosis at the same time as her. “My treatment was successful, and hers wasn’t,” Agha said. Now, Agha has been diagnosed with lung cancer, possibly from the radiation that was used to treat her breast cancer, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Closest to the center of the memorial, the words in the ground read, “learn how to survive, and in the process, how to live. Consider what the sum of our own lives will be. And it will be enough. And it will be enough. And it will be enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As you walk the labyrinth-like path and experience these arcs, you get to the center, and it’s the reflection of what the sum of our lives will be,” Campbell said. “And it will always be enough — it has to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041395\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041395\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-30-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-30-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-30-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-30-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-30-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-30-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250522_GGPMEMORIALGARDEN_GC-30-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, Nola Agha, Yvonne Tou and Meaghan Calcari Campbell walk past the Bay Area Young Survivors Breast Cancer Memorial Garden in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco on May 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"gardens-Bay-Area\">\u003c/a>Five more spaces to honor, reflect and gather in the Bay Area\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11965426\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11965426\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"Two people hold each other, appearing to be dancing, in a wooded area.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/231022-AIDSMemorialGrove-034-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Catalina O’Connor and Zoe Huey rehearse for the Bay Curious National AIDS Memorial Walking Tour in the National AIDS Memorial Grove in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco on Oct. 22, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>National AIDS Memorial Grove, San Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 10 acres that make up the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aidsmemorial.org/grove\">National AIDS Memorial Grove\u003c/a> in San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park take you through native forests with species like dogwoods, oaks, redwoods, pines and ferns and to babbling creeks and fountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The site commemorates \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101883856/remembering-the-early-days-of-the-aids-epidemic-40-years-later\">those lost to the AIDS pandemic\u003c/a> and today’s continued work to remember, heal and act against anti-LGBTQ+ stigma and hate. There are many spaces to sit and reflect in the shade of the trees, or simply stroll to clear your head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pulgas Water Temple, Redwood City\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11972095/sunol-pulgas-redwood-city-why-bay-area-water-temples\">Pulgas Water Temple\u003c/a> off of Cañada Road in Redwood City marks \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1982551/celebration-and-concern-hetch-hetchy-reservoir-turns-100-but-climate-change-complicates-its-future\">the completion of the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir\u003c/a> and the first point where water from the Sierra reached the Bay Area at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11747125/the-not-so-crystal-clean-history-of-san-franciscos-drinking-water-2\">Crystal Springs Reservoir\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tree-lined reflecting pool and lawn make for an idyllic picnic spot or place to rest and reflect. Tim Ramirez, who manages the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfpuc.gov/\">San Francisco Public Utilities Commission’s\u003c/a> Division of Natural Resources, said the temple is a reminder of the vision and foresight of those who first imagined Hetch Hetchy and its role in the success of San Francisco and the Bay Area as a whole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emeryville Shellmound Memorial, Emeryville\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once a massive archaeological site, the Emeryville Shellmound Memorial pays a small tribute to the history of the Ohlone people, whose \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11704679/there-were-once-more-than-425-shellmounds-in-the-bay-area-where-did-they-go\">shellmounds — used as burial or ceremonial sites — used to dot the Bay Area\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now a shopping mall, the former shellmound was excavated to make way for the mall. This spot is often used as a gathering place for protests on Black Friday that call attention to the site’s destruction and the mishandling of Indigenous remains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Angel Island Immigration Station, Angel Island\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 1910 and 1940, around 500,000 immigrants from 80 countries arrived at \u003ca href=\"https://www.aiisf.org/history\">Angel Island,\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821133/the-little-known-history-of-japanese-internment-on-angel-island\">many of whom were detained or interrogated\u003c/a> as their status was processed.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now a state park and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1582/index.htm\">National Historic Landmark\u003c/a>, the island houses a history museum and a monument to the Chinese immigrants who were detained on the island. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034009/angel-island-exhibit-aims-shine-light-border-surveillance-american-exclusion\">A new exhibit opened this spring\u003c/a> focusing on the U.S.-Mexico border amid President Donald Trump’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/immigration\">immigration crackdown\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tanforan Memorial, San Bruno\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opened in 2022, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.tanforanmemorial.org/\">Tanforan Memorial\u003c/a> commemorates the 8,000 Japanese Americans imprisoned there in 1942 while more permanent internment camps were under construction, after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12021919/bay-area-japanese-americans-draw-on-wwii-trauma-resist-deportation-threats\">the United States invoked the Alien Enemies Act\u003c/a> to detain people of Japanese descent living in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just outside of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bart.gov/about/planning/art-program/exhibit\">San Bruno BART\u003c/a> station, the memorial was designed to replicate a horse stall, like the ones detainees were forced to occupy at the former racetrack.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe\n src='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeCeDp_MY_h4G6VWj_-VPl-BJlQ3Uya2H0vxRZZd_47BpXwVA/viewform?embedded=true?embedded=true'\n title='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeCeDp_MY_h4G6VWj_-VPl-BJlQ3Uya2H0vxRZZd_47BpXwVA/viewform?embedded=true'\n width='760' height='500'\n frameborder='0'\n marginheight='0' marginwidth='0'>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "protesters-rights-first-amendment-ice-protests-san-francisco-los-angeles-california-arrests",
"title": "What Are My Legal Rights When Protesting — and What Could I Be Arrested For?",
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"headTitle": "What Are My Legal Rights When Protesting — and What Could I Be Arrested For? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>As protests continue in Los Angeles against increased immigration enforcement by President Donald Trump’s administration,\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043653/hundreds-rally-in-oakland-to-protest-ice-raids-support-immigrant-communities\"> rallies are spreading in response across the Bay Area\u003c/a> — and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kut.org/politics/2025-06-11/texas-national-guard-anti-ice-trump-protests-no-kings-austin-tx-capitol\">now the country\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has been attempting to crack down on the demonstrations by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043314/california-to-sue-trump-for-sending-national-guard-troops-into-la-after-ice-protests\">deploying the National Guard\u003c/a> — and \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/us/marines-prepare-los-angeles-deployment-protests-spread-across-us-2025-06-12/\">promising to deploy Marines\u003c/a> — to southern California. In San Francisco, police officials said they’d arrested over 150 people — including six children — during \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043255/sf-protesters-denounce-ice-raids-and-trumps-national-guard-deployment-to-la\">protests in the city’s downtown this past weekend\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12043499\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12043499\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-16-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-16-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-16-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-16-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emilia Rivera and other protestors march in the Mission District in San Francisco in opposition to the Trump Administration’s immigration policy and enforcement on June 9, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area has always been a hotbed of activism. In the past two years, pro-Palestinian protests have also had a strong presence in the region, with marches on streets, bridges and campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lawful protests are, by design, meant to be visible and inconvenient,” ACLU Northern California’s legal director Shilpi Agarwal told KQED last year when District Attorney Brooke Jenkins announced \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11983413/could-protesters-who-shut-down-golden-gate-bridge-be-charged-with-false-imprisonment\">possible felony charges against the protesters\u003c/a> who shut down the Golden Gate Bridge in support of Palestinians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lawful protests often create roadblocks or shut down streets or create traffic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But “as the arrests and violence increase, people become fearful of what might happen to them even if they protest peacefully,” Margaret Russell, assistant law professor at Santa Clara University School, told KQED by email in 2024 following discussions with her students about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11984845/pro-palestinian-protests-on-california-college-campuses-what-are-students-demanding\">campus demonstrations in protest at Israel’s siege on Gaza\u003c/a> — and university \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12005478/university-of-california-is-accused-of-trying-to-silence-faculty-speech-about-war-in-gaza\">leaders’ response to them.\u003c/a> “Will they get caught up in an altercation and be arrested? Their determination to speak up is ‘chilled’ or silenced.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if you choose to join a protest — about any issue you feel strongly about — what \u003cem>are\u003c/em> your legal rights in California? How much does the First Amendment protect protesters, and what can protesters be arrested for?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for what to know about protesting and the law, or jump straight to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#what-is-first-amendment-protesting\">How much does the First Amendment protect me when protesting?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#can-i-be-arrested-at-protest\">What could I be arrested for at a protest?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#police-ask-for-id-or-disperse\">What happens if a police officer asks me to move or demands my I.D.?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#what-is-civil-disobedience\">When does lawful protest become ‘civil disobedience’?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>And remember: If you’re unable to join a rally or protest in person for whatever reason but want to make your stance on any issue known, you always have the option to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11967439/how-can-i-call-my-representative-a-step-by-step-guide-to-the-process\">contact your elected officials to express your opinions\u003c/a>. For more information on what “call your reps” actually means, how to do it, and what to expect as a result, read our explainer: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11967439/how-can-i-call-my-representative-a-step-by-step-guide-to-the-process\">How Can I Call My Representative? A Step-by-Step Guide to the Process\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Remind me: What is the First Amendment?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The First Amendment of the United States Constitution protects five basic rights: freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, peaceful assembly and petitioning the government. (The \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-1/#:~:text=Congress%20shall%20make%20no%20law,for%20a%20redress%20of%20grievances.\">text in full\u003c/a> reads: “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.”)[aside postID='news_11821950,news_11871364,news_11955465,news_11967439' label='More Guides to Your Rights']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California also has its own expansive free speech provisions under \u003ca href=\"https://law.justia.com/constitution/california/article-i/section-2/#:~:text=SEC.,liberty%20of%20speech%20or%20press.\">Article 1, Section 2\u003c/a> of the state’s constitution that protect and reaffirm many of these rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The First Amendment also gives you the right to film police who are actively performing their duties, and bystander videos can provide important counternarratives to official accounts. Read our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11871364/recording-the-police-what-to-know-and-how-to-stay-safe-doing-it\">guide to filming encounters with the police safely and ethically\u003c/a> and where to share your footage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These rights are all really powerful, and they protect our democracy,” said Chessie Thacher, senior attorney with ACLU NorCal’s Democracy and Civic Engagement Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"what-is-first-amendment-protesting\">\u003c/a>What \u003cem>doesn’t\u003c/em> the First Amendment cover during a protest?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>First Amendment rights are “not unlimited, and they depend on various factors,” stressed Thacher, including:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>When\u003c/em> you’re speaking\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in public spaces, the government can impose what is known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11983413/could-protesters-who-shut-down-golden-gate-bridge-be-charged-with-false-imprisonment\">“time, place and manner restrictions” that dictate certain parameters to try to ensure safety.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An example, Thacher said, is that the city can prevent people from using a loud bullhorn at 2 a.m. in a city square because people may be sleeping. But they can’t stop a person from using the same bullhorn at lunch hour the next day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007722\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007722\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240425-STANFORDGAZAPROTEST-011-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240425-STANFORDGAZAPROTEST-011-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240425-STANFORDGAZAPROTEST-011-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240425-STANFORDGAZAPROTEST-011-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240425-STANFORDGAZAPROTEST-011-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240425-STANFORDGAZAPROTEST-011-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240425-STANFORDGAZAPROTEST-011-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pro-Palestinian demonstrators march through the Stanford University campus in Stanford, Calif., on April 25, 2024, calling for the university to divest from Israel. The rally took place during Stanford’s Admit Weekend, a time for incoming students to tour the university. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Where\u003c/em> you’re speaking\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You have a lot of protections in public spaces, like a park or a sidewalk. But if you are speaking at a private location — like someone’s backyard — “you don’t have many speech protections,” Thacher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The gray area: If you are speaking in a place that is “sort of public, like a school campus or a library,” then your rights to free speech “are somewhere in the middle,” she cautioned. “But even then, the government can’t punish you because they don’t like you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Who \u003c/em>is speaking\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are speaking as a private citizen on your personal time about something of public concern, your speech is protected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Thacher noted, that speech is “a lot less protected” if, for example, you work for the government — since someone may think you are speaking \u003cem>for \u003c/em>the government, and “the government has the right to decide its speech for itself,” she said. This can also happen when a teacher or a police officer is a speaker, and people may assume they are speaking on behalf of their workplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are some things people misunderstand about the First Amendment and protesting?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some misconceptions about the First Amendment, said Thacher, include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It does not mean freedom from consequences\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the First Amendment prohibits the government from punishing you for your speech, “it doesn’t protect you from actions that a private employer might take because of your speech,” Thacher said. “It doesn’t protect you from receiving feedback from people about what you’re saying.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It does not protect the \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://freeexpression.usc.edu/activism/hecklers-veto/\">\u003cstrong>“heckler’s veto”\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the First Amendment, within some boundaries, you don’t have the right to shut down another person’s right to speak. For example, this could include yelling louder than another speaker so that other people cannot hear them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It does not protect against \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://pressbooks.pub/civillibertiescasesandmaterials/chapter/fighting-words-and-hate-speech/#:~:text=True%20threats%20involve%20speech%20that,a%20speaker%20against%20another%20individual.\">\u003cstrong>true threats\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>, incitement, fighting words or harassment.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The First Amendment also does not protect against \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.georgetown.edu/icap/wp-content/uploads/sites/32/2020/12/Law-enforcement-First-Amendment-Guidance.pdf\">“violent or unlawful conduct, even if the person engaging in it intends to express an idea.” \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12043434\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12043434\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SEIUPROTESTS-17-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SEIUPROTESTS-17-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SEIUPROTESTS-17-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SEIUPROTESTS-17-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demonstrators rally outside the California State Building in San Francisco on June 9, 2025, calling for the release of SEIU California President David Huerta. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>When you’re protesting, where are your rights strongest?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The First Amendment, Thacher said, dates back to a time when locations like marketplaces were considered to be “the centerpiece of a community” — “so public spaces like town squares, sidewalks and other highly visible, publicly-owned property that are open to the public are where you have the most rights to free speech.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only thing people’s rights can be subjected to in public spaces is the reasonable “time, place and manner restrictions” mentioned above. Those restrictions also must be “content-neutral,” meaning it cannot be specific to your speech, Thacher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, she added that it is a “totally different equation” if you are at someone’s house — since you are there at the invitation of the property owner, not the government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Places where the public is invited at certain times, such as a public library or a public school cafeteria, are in-between spaces sometimes called a “limited public forum,” and “any restrictions of speech there must be viewpoint-neutral and reasonable in light of the forum’s purpose,” Thacher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Can I legally attend a protest if I’m not a U.S. citizen?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This is a question that’s only become more pressing against the backdrop of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025647/what-to-do-if-you-encounter-ice\">high profile activity by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents\u003c/a> in recent months, spurred by President Trump’s promises to conduct mass deportations in his second term. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043255/sf-protesters-denounce-ice-raids-and-trumps-national-guard-deployment-to-la\">June’s protests in Los Angeles \u003c/a>came as \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/ICEgov/status/1931472857554645294\">ICE announced the arrest of over 100 immigrants in the city over the previous week. \u003c/a>In the same period in San Francisco, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12042887/ice-arrests-15-people-in-san-francisco-including-a-child\">at least 15 people \u003c/a>were arrested following appearances at ICE check-ins, including a 3-year-old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cem>technical\u003c/em> answer is: yes, you can attend a protest as a non-citizen. “As a general rule, people who are not citizens have the same First Amendment rights as citizens,” said attorney Carl Takei, the community safety program director at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.asianlawcaucus.org/get-help\">Asian Law Caucus\u003c/a>: a civil rights organization based in San Francisco that offers services to low-income, immigrant, and underserved Asian Americans and Pacific Islander communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The First Amendment of the United States Constitution is meant to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11984807/know-your-rights-california-protesters-legal-standing-under-the-first-amendment\">protect your five basic rights\u003c/a>, and whether you have a green card or no permanent legal status you are still protected by the Constitution. This includes your right to be part of a peaceful assembly, like a march or rally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12028351/what-happens-if-the-president-disobeys-the-courts-a-constitutional-crisis-experts-say\">judges have argued that many of the Trump administration’s plans and actions right now flatly go against the Constitution\u003c/a>. And legal scholars and immigration advocates have warned that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12042492/what-is-due-process-habeas-corpus-definition-courts-push-back-trump-moves-limit-this-right\">the president is testing his ability to challenge due process in the area of immigration particularly.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12043288\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12043288\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2219258354-scaled-e1749490657607.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1304\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Highway Patrol (CHP) cars, some damaged, are lined up along the 101 freeway after officers cleared protesters from the area on June 8, 2025, in Los Angeles, California. Tensions in the city remain high after the Trump administration called in the National Guard against the wishes of city leaders following two days of clashes with police during a series of immigration raids. More protests are scheduled for today. \u003ccite>(Mario Tama/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But what if you’re a non-citizen who’s determined to attend a protest right now? \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014436/undocumented-what-to-know-before-a-second-trump-term\">Undocumented people and green card holders have always faced additional risks\u003c/a> at a protest that citizens don’t, warned Takei — especially when law enforcement gets involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A green card holder is required under federal law to carry evidence of their permanent resident status,” he explained. He adds that carrying a fake green card or identification and presenting that to law enforcement could make the situation a lot more difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re stopped by the police, \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights/protesters-rights#:~:text=If%20you%20are%20under%20arrest,are%20not%20allowed%20to%20listen.\">you have the same rights as anyone else\u003c/a>,” Takei said. “You don’t need to consent to a search, answer questions or sign anything.” Even if the situation seems intimidating, Takei explains,\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025647/what-to-do-if-you-encounter-ice\"> you have the right to remain silent and not share personal information with law enforcement.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you’re asked a question about your immigration status and debating whether to share false information or remain silent, “it’s better to remain silent,” said Takei.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But ultimately, if you’re set on protesting as a non-citizen, the most important thing you can do to protect yourself is to make a safety plan for yourself before going to a protest, he recommended. “Write out the contact information for resources, including an attorney or legal organization, and make sure that you’ve talked with friends or family about what to do if you are arrested or if anything goes wrong,” he explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What does the law say about free speech on campuses?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Legal experts have interpreted the First Amendment to mean that \u003ca href=\"https://stanfordmag.org/contents/what-the-law-says-about-campus-free-speech\">\u003cem>public \u003c/em>institutions are restricted from punishing speech\u003c/a>. However, California also has \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC§ionNum=94367.\">Leonard’s Law\u003c/a> that \u003ca href=\"https://freeexpression.usc.edu/about-freedom-of-expression-at-usc/leonard-law/\">“prohibits private universities from making or enforcing a rule that subjects an enrolled student to disciplinary sanctions solely on the basis of speech protected by the First Amendment,” \u003c/a>according to the University of Southern California’s website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Mogulof, assistant vice chancellor of public affairs at UC Berkeley \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101905545/whats-next-for-pro-palestinian-campus-protests\">told KQED Forum in 2024 \u003c/a>that the University of California had changed its policy on responding to “non-violent political protests” after \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailydemocrat.com/2021/11/18/10-years-later-uc-davis-implements-change-following-pepper-spraying-incident/\">the 2012 Occupy Wall Street movement in which an officer pepper-sprayed a group of UC Davis protesters\u003c/a>. (UC Davis\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/politics/joegarofoli/article/UC-Davis-pepper-spray-officer-awarded-38-000-4920773.php\"> settled a federal lawsuit\u003c/a> with the students, paying around $1 million to the affected protesters.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That policy requires us not to call in law enforcement preemptively, and only when there’s a clear, imminent threat to the campus, to life, safety and to the safety of the campus community,” Mogulof said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is it legal to protest on the roads?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Bridges and highways are considered open public spaces — and public forums — but they \u003cem>are\u003c/em> subject to safety and traffic issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There can be civil disobedience. That could be a way of advocating for a cause, but it’s not protected First Amendment right to do that because the public and the government can have a compelling interest in making sure that those roadways and spaces are open and safe,” Thacher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, she noted that in her opinion, “a lot of the times, the justification of public safety gets overused to punish protesters and speakers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"can-i-be-arrested-at-protest\">\u003c/a>What can I \u003cem>actually\u003c/em> be arrested for at a protest?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“If you are looking to exercise your right to free speech lawfully and peacefully, you should not be arrested,” Thacher said. “But sometimes things happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People at protests may be arrested under suspicion of any crime, but here are some of the most common reasons:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Unlawful assembly\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Failure to disperse\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Disturbing the peace\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Resisting arrest\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Trespassing\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Vandalism\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Property destruction\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Disruption to traffic and safety of vehicles\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>ACLU Northern California’s Agarwal said that while \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/our-work/know-your-rights\">charges for protests can be nuanced\u003c/a>, at a basic level, if you are engaged in a protest and encounter police officers who then determine for “some reason” you have violated the “parameters” of the protest, there are usually three charging options available to officers:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>An infraction: typically a ticket where you show your ID, get a citation and may have to appear in court, with no jail time. Usually, an infraction is just a fine to pay.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A misdemeanor: An offense that can be punishable by up to one year in jail, but people “rarely serve” jail time for low-level offenses, Agarwal said.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A felony: A more serious criminal charge that usually brings jail time, which can be more than one year in prison.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12043481\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12043481\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-06-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-06-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-06-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-06-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Xan Joi and other protestors rally in the Mission District in San Francisco in opposition to the Trump Administration’s immigration policy and enforcement on June 9, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>If I’m arrested at a protest, what happens next?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>What happens to a person after they’re arrested depends on the case, Thacher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A person could be given a citation to appear at a later court date or be given a ticket for an infraction. They may need to sign the ticket, saying there is no need to take them into custody because they promised to appear in court. But a person could also be taken into custody at the police department and booked into jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you are detained and the police say you’re not free to leave, you still don’t have to give a statement or submit or answer any questions,” said Rachel Lederman, an attorney with Partnership for Civil Justice Fund and with the Center for Protest Law and Litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If police are seeking to question you when you’re under arrest when you’re taken into the jail, you will have to answer some basic booking questions,” Lederman told KQED in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11955465/dolores-hill-bomb-legal-rights-spectator-onlooker\">2023 after San Francisco police arrested over a hundred people — most of whom were minors — at an annual “hill bomb” event\u003c/a>. “But you don’t have to answer questions about the incident that has led to your arrest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said people may not want to give statements or interviews until they consult an attorney (also known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.justia.com/criminal/procedure/miranda-rights/right-to-silence/#:~:text=The%20Fifth%20Amendment%20states%20that,or%20shortly%20after%20an%20arrest.\">invoking your right to remain silent\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"police-ask-for-id-or-disperse\">\u003c/a>Can a police officer ask for my ID during a protest?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Yes, although in California, if you are not being arrested you do not need to show your ID or give your name to a police officer when asked for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, “sometimes it’s a judgment call about whether that might arouse suspicion,” Lederman said. \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights/immigrants-rights#:~:text=You%20have%20the%20right%20to,against%20you%20in%20immigration%20court.\">Officers in California can’t also ask about your immigration status\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, “non-drivers cannot be lawfully arrested solely for refusing to provide identification to a police officer,” Thacher said. But nonetheless, she warned, “we do know of instances where police officers make the arrest anyway.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In short: Be aware of the possible risks if you choose not to show identification to a police officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11984654\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11984654\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/20240501_MAYDAYRALLY-25-GC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/20240501_MAYDAYRALLY-25-GC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/20240501_MAYDAYRALLY-25-GC-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/20240501_MAYDAYRALLY-25-GC-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/20240501_MAYDAYRALLY-25-GC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/20240501_MAYDAYRALLY-25-GC-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/20240501_MAYDAYRALLY-25-GC-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Martinez, also known as the protest cheerleader, shouts at the May Day rally during International Worker’s Day in the Mission on Wednesday, May 1, 2024. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>What should I do if a police officer asks me to move during a protest?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It depends, Thacher said. If this happens, she said that some things to bear in mind are:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Why is the officer asking you to leave, and how are they asking you to leave?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Do protesters have the ability to comply with the order, and can you do it reasonably without being put at risk of getting hurt?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Are they asking you to move but you don’t have time to move because it is such a packed crowd?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“The officers have the right to ask you to move in certain circumstances, like for public safety … [or] if there’s traffic violations starting to happen,” she said. But “the police can’t ask you to leave and then immediately turn around and arrest you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Penal Code states that \u003ca href=\"https://law.justia.com/codes/california/code-pen/part-1/title-11/section-409/#:~:text=Previous%20Next-,409.,is%20guilty%20of%20a%20misdemeanor.\">“[e]very person remaining present at the place of any riot, rout, or unlawful assembly, after the same has been lawfully warned to disperse … is guilty of a misdemeanor”\u003c/a> and that also \u003ca href=\"https://codes.findlaw.com/ca/penal-code/pen-sect-148/?DCMP=google:ppc:TRLNA:21219027752:697523562873:161386574133&HBX_PK=&sid=9061275&source=google~ppc&tsid=latlppc&gad_source=5&gclid=EAIaIQobChMI9oapzZDrhQMVfM7CBB2dhAdrEAAYASAAEgLSGvD_BwE\">anyone who “willfully resists, delays, or obstructs” an officer in the line of duty can be punished\u003c/a> by a fine and/or imprisonment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Something else to bear in mind: One particularly controversial police tactic during protests is “kettling,” in which law enforcement blocks off exit routes to confine protesters within a closed-off space. When kettled, you can’t leave on your own or comply with an order to disperse — unless police reopen an exit. \u003ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/2020/6/6/21282509/george-floyd-protests-kettling-new-york-nypd\">Officers have been known to charge at or arrest protesters in these situations,\u003c/a> including during Black Lives Matter demonstrations in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What should you do if you think a police officer violated your rights at a protest?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11871364/recording-the-police-what-to-know-and-how-to-stay-safe-doing-it\">You should take notes and record details\u003c/a> about encounters with police officers, advised Thacher — especially if you think your rights may have been violated, such as an officer calling people to disperse in a tightly packed crowd or kettle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some things to make note of include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The time and date\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The location\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The officer’s badge numbers and names\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Patrol car numbers\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>How often it was said \u003cem>where \u003c/em>you were directed to go.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“All of that stuff can be important when you’re trying to go back and understand what happened to you,” said Thacher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If someone thinks their rights have been violated, they can take their notes and footage to a legal expert to understand the situation more. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013522/free-legal-aid-in-the-bay-area-how-it-works-where-to-find-it\">See our list of where to find free or low-cost legal aid in the Bay Area.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russell, the Santa Clara University School assistant professor, said that if you are a student on a public or private college campus, file a grievance with the school’s relevant office and provide specific details of what happened. Russell said people should also contact their \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/our-work/get-help\">local ACLU’s advice line\u003c/a> to provide details. If you can afford private legal counsel, groups like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nlg.org/\">National Lawyers Guild\u003c/a> can specifically assist protesters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Think about what your goal is as a protester, and protect yourself accordingly,” said Russell, adding that reputable groups to learn about your rights include \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/our-work/get-help\">your local ACLU chapter\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.amnesty.org/en/about-us/contact/\">Amnesty International\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://naacp.org/contact\">the NAACP.\u003c/a> “Educate yourself about civil disobedience and protest rights,” she urged.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"what-is-civil-disobedience\">\u003c/a>When does lawful protest become ‘civil disobedience’?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Civil disobedience is “the refusal to comply with lawful orders as a form of protest,” Thacher said. For example, when an officer calls for dispersal and people do not move, that is when it goes from protected speech to an act of civil disobedience. It is also \u003ca href=\"https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/civil-disobedience/\">non-violent\u003c/a> by its nature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most well-known examples of civil disobedience is the 1950s demonstrations by Martin Luther King Jr. during the civil rights movement, which frequently \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/02/26/history-tying-up-traffic-civil-rights-00011825\">involved blocking roads and highways\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11975873\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11975873\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240214-GOLDEN-GATE-BRIDGE-PROTEST-JCL-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240214-GOLDEN-GATE-BRIDGE-PROTEST-JCL-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240214-GOLDEN-GATE-BRIDGE-PROTEST-JCL-02-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240214-GOLDEN-GATE-BRIDGE-PROTEST-JCL-02-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240214-GOLDEN-GATE-BRIDGE-PROTEST-JCL-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240214-GOLDEN-GATE-BRIDGE-PROTEST-JCL-02-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240214-GOLDEN-GATE-BRIDGE-PROTEST-JCL-02-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters block traffic on the Golden Gate Bridge on Feb. 14, 2024. \u003ccite>(Juan Carlos Lara/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“People can choose to practice civil disobedience as a peaceful form of political protest,” Thacher said. “They can mix that with other activities that are protected by the First Amendment, such as lawful assemblies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seth Morrison from the Bay Area chapter of Jewish Voice for Peace told \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11967439/how-can-i-call-my-representative-a-step-by-step-guide-to-the-process\">KQED in 2023\u003c/a> that he would advise would-be protesters contemplating civil disobedience to “consider it carefully and think about the pros and cons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But if you and a good group of people are deeply committed to an issue — if you’ve done your research and if you have tried through normal channels and not gotten a response — civil disobedience is something you should think about,” said Morrison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thacher said that while the First Amendment \u003cem>may \u003c/em>not protect activities like blocking a bridge as the goal of the protest, this kind of action could be an effective act of civil disobedience nonetheless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of times protests and civil disobedience can be put under the same umbrella of ‘civil unrest,’ and then everyone thinks it’s all the same thing,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But protest and exercising your right to demonstrate and peacefully assemble is protected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A version of this story originally published on May 3, 2024. KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/amadrigal\">Alexis Madrigal\u003c/a> and Carly Severn contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As protests continue in Los Angeles against increased immigration enforcement by President Donald Trump’s administration,\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043653/hundreds-rally-in-oakland-to-protest-ice-raids-support-immigrant-communities\"> rallies are spreading in response across the Bay Area\u003c/a> — and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kut.org/politics/2025-06-11/texas-national-guard-anti-ice-trump-protests-no-kings-austin-tx-capitol\">now the country\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has been attempting to crack down on the demonstrations by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043314/california-to-sue-trump-for-sending-national-guard-troops-into-la-after-ice-protests\">deploying the National Guard\u003c/a> — and \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/us/marines-prepare-los-angeles-deployment-protests-spread-across-us-2025-06-12/\">promising to deploy Marines\u003c/a> — to southern California. In San Francisco, police officials said they’d arrested over 150 people — including six children — during \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043255/sf-protesters-denounce-ice-raids-and-trumps-national-guard-deployment-to-la\">protests in the city’s downtown this past weekend\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12043499\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12043499\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-16-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-16-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-16-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-16-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emilia Rivera and other protestors march in the Mission District in San Francisco in opposition to the Trump Administration’s immigration policy and enforcement on June 9, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area has always been a hotbed of activism. In the past two years, pro-Palestinian protests have also had a strong presence in the region, with marches on streets, bridges and campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lawful protests are, by design, meant to be visible and inconvenient,” ACLU Northern California’s legal director Shilpi Agarwal told KQED last year when District Attorney Brooke Jenkins announced \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11983413/could-protesters-who-shut-down-golden-gate-bridge-be-charged-with-false-imprisonment\">possible felony charges against the protesters\u003c/a> who shut down the Golden Gate Bridge in support of Palestinians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lawful protests often create roadblocks or shut down streets or create traffic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But “as the arrests and violence increase, people become fearful of what might happen to them even if they protest peacefully,” Margaret Russell, assistant law professor at Santa Clara University School, told KQED by email in 2024 following discussions with her students about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11984845/pro-palestinian-protests-on-california-college-campuses-what-are-students-demanding\">campus demonstrations in protest at Israel’s siege on Gaza\u003c/a> — and university \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12005478/university-of-california-is-accused-of-trying-to-silence-faculty-speech-about-war-in-gaza\">leaders’ response to them.\u003c/a> “Will they get caught up in an altercation and be arrested? Their determination to speak up is ‘chilled’ or silenced.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if you choose to join a protest — about any issue you feel strongly about — what \u003cem>are\u003c/em> your legal rights in California? How much does the First Amendment protect protesters, and what can protesters be arrested for?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for what to know about protesting and the law, or jump straight to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#what-is-first-amendment-protesting\">How much does the First Amendment protect me when protesting?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#can-i-be-arrested-at-protest\">What could I be arrested for at a protest?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#police-ask-for-id-or-disperse\">What happens if a police officer asks me to move or demands my I.D.?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#what-is-civil-disobedience\">When does lawful protest become ‘civil disobedience’?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>And remember: If you’re unable to join a rally or protest in person for whatever reason but want to make your stance on any issue known, you always have the option to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11967439/how-can-i-call-my-representative-a-step-by-step-guide-to-the-process\">contact your elected officials to express your opinions\u003c/a>. For more information on what “call your reps” actually means, how to do it, and what to expect as a result, read our explainer: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11967439/how-can-i-call-my-representative-a-step-by-step-guide-to-the-process\">How Can I Call My Representative? A Step-by-Step Guide to the Process\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Remind me: What is the First Amendment?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The First Amendment of the United States Constitution protects five basic rights: freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, peaceful assembly and petitioning the government. (The \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-1/#:~:text=Congress%20shall%20make%20no%20law,for%20a%20redress%20of%20grievances.\">text in full\u003c/a> reads: “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.”)\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California also has its own expansive free speech provisions under \u003ca href=\"https://law.justia.com/constitution/california/article-i/section-2/#:~:text=SEC.,liberty%20of%20speech%20or%20press.\">Article 1, Section 2\u003c/a> of the state’s constitution that protect and reaffirm many of these rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The First Amendment also gives you the right to film police who are actively performing their duties, and bystander videos can provide important counternarratives to official accounts. Read our \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11871364/recording-the-police-what-to-know-and-how-to-stay-safe-doing-it\">guide to filming encounters with the police safely and ethically\u003c/a> and where to share your footage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These rights are all really powerful, and they protect our democracy,” said Chessie Thacher, senior attorney with ACLU NorCal’s Democracy and Civic Engagement Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"what-is-first-amendment-protesting\">\u003c/a>What \u003cem>doesn’t\u003c/em> the First Amendment cover during a protest?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>First Amendment rights are “not unlimited, and they depend on various factors,” stressed Thacher, including:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>When\u003c/em> you’re speaking\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in public spaces, the government can impose what is known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11983413/could-protesters-who-shut-down-golden-gate-bridge-be-charged-with-false-imprisonment\">“time, place and manner restrictions” that dictate certain parameters to try to ensure safety.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An example, Thacher said, is that the city can prevent people from using a loud bullhorn at 2 a.m. in a city square because people may be sleeping. But they can’t stop a person from using the same bullhorn at lunch hour the next day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12007722\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12007722\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240425-STANFORDGAZAPROTEST-011-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240425-STANFORDGAZAPROTEST-011-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240425-STANFORDGAZAPROTEST-011-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240425-STANFORDGAZAPROTEST-011-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240425-STANFORDGAZAPROTEST-011-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240425-STANFORDGAZAPROTEST-011-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240425-STANFORDGAZAPROTEST-011-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pro-Palestinian demonstrators march through the Stanford University campus in Stanford, Calif., on April 25, 2024, calling for the university to divest from Israel. The rally took place during Stanford’s Admit Weekend, a time for incoming students to tour the university. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Where\u003c/em> you’re speaking\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You have a lot of protections in public spaces, like a park or a sidewalk. But if you are speaking at a private location — like someone’s backyard — “you don’t have many speech protections,” Thacher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The gray area: If you are speaking in a place that is “sort of public, like a school campus or a library,” then your rights to free speech “are somewhere in the middle,” she cautioned. “But even then, the government can’t punish you because they don’t like you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Who \u003c/em>is speaking\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are speaking as a private citizen on your personal time about something of public concern, your speech is protected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Thacher noted, that speech is “a lot less protected” if, for example, you work for the government — since someone may think you are speaking \u003cem>for \u003c/em>the government, and “the government has the right to decide its speech for itself,” she said. This can also happen when a teacher or a police officer is a speaker, and people may assume they are speaking on behalf of their workplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are some things people misunderstand about the First Amendment and protesting?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some misconceptions about the First Amendment, said Thacher, include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It does not mean freedom from consequences\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the First Amendment prohibits the government from punishing you for your speech, “it doesn’t protect you from actions that a private employer might take because of your speech,” Thacher said. “It doesn’t protect you from receiving feedback from people about what you’re saying.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It does not protect the \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://freeexpression.usc.edu/activism/hecklers-veto/\">\u003cstrong>“heckler’s veto”\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the First Amendment, within some boundaries, you don’t have the right to shut down another person’s right to speak. For example, this could include yelling louder than another speaker so that other people cannot hear them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It does not protect against \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://pressbooks.pub/civillibertiescasesandmaterials/chapter/fighting-words-and-hate-speech/#:~:text=True%20threats%20involve%20speech%20that,a%20speaker%20against%20another%20individual.\">\u003cstrong>true threats\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>, incitement, fighting words or harassment.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The First Amendment also does not protect against \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.georgetown.edu/icap/wp-content/uploads/sites/32/2020/12/Law-enforcement-First-Amendment-Guidance.pdf\">“violent or unlawful conduct, even if the person engaging in it intends to express an idea.” \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12043434\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12043434\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SEIUPROTESTS-17-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SEIUPROTESTS-17-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SEIUPROTESTS-17-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SEIUPROTESTS-17-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demonstrators rally outside the California State Building in San Francisco on June 9, 2025, calling for the release of SEIU California President David Huerta. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>When you’re protesting, where are your rights strongest?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The First Amendment, Thacher said, dates back to a time when locations like marketplaces were considered to be “the centerpiece of a community” — “so public spaces like town squares, sidewalks and other highly visible, publicly-owned property that are open to the public are where you have the most rights to free speech.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only thing people’s rights can be subjected to in public spaces is the reasonable “time, place and manner restrictions” mentioned above. Those restrictions also must be “content-neutral,” meaning it cannot be specific to your speech, Thacher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, she added that it is a “totally different equation” if you are at someone’s house — since you are there at the invitation of the property owner, not the government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Places where the public is invited at certain times, such as a public library or a public school cafeteria, are in-between spaces sometimes called a “limited public forum,” and “any restrictions of speech there must be viewpoint-neutral and reasonable in light of the forum’s purpose,” Thacher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Can I legally attend a protest if I’m not a U.S. citizen?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This is a question that’s only become more pressing against the backdrop of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025647/what-to-do-if-you-encounter-ice\">high profile activity by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents\u003c/a> in recent months, spurred by President Trump’s promises to conduct mass deportations in his second term. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12043255/sf-protesters-denounce-ice-raids-and-trumps-national-guard-deployment-to-la\">June’s protests in Los Angeles \u003c/a>came as \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/ICEgov/status/1931472857554645294\">ICE announced the arrest of over 100 immigrants in the city over the previous week. \u003c/a>In the same period in San Francisco, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12042887/ice-arrests-15-people-in-san-francisco-including-a-child\">at least 15 people \u003c/a>were arrested following appearances at ICE check-ins, including a 3-year-old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cem>technical\u003c/em> answer is: yes, you can attend a protest as a non-citizen. “As a general rule, people who are not citizens have the same First Amendment rights as citizens,” said attorney Carl Takei, the community safety program director at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.asianlawcaucus.org/get-help\">Asian Law Caucus\u003c/a>: a civil rights organization based in San Francisco that offers services to low-income, immigrant, and underserved Asian Americans and Pacific Islander communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The First Amendment of the United States Constitution is meant to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11984807/know-your-rights-california-protesters-legal-standing-under-the-first-amendment\">protect your five basic rights\u003c/a>, and whether you have a green card or no permanent legal status you are still protected by the Constitution. This includes your right to be part of a peaceful assembly, like a march or rally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12028351/what-happens-if-the-president-disobeys-the-courts-a-constitutional-crisis-experts-say\">judges have argued that many of the Trump administration’s plans and actions right now flatly go against the Constitution\u003c/a>. And legal scholars and immigration advocates have warned that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12042492/what-is-due-process-habeas-corpus-definition-courts-push-back-trump-moves-limit-this-right\">the president is testing his ability to challenge due process in the area of immigration particularly.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12043288\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12043288\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2219258354-scaled-e1749490657607.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1304\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Highway Patrol (CHP) cars, some damaged, are lined up along the 101 freeway after officers cleared protesters from the area on June 8, 2025, in Los Angeles, California. Tensions in the city remain high after the Trump administration called in the National Guard against the wishes of city leaders following two days of clashes with police during a series of immigration raids. More protests are scheduled for today. \u003ccite>(Mario Tama/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But what if you’re a non-citizen who’s determined to attend a protest right now? \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014436/undocumented-what-to-know-before-a-second-trump-term\">Undocumented people and green card holders have always faced additional risks\u003c/a> at a protest that citizens don’t, warned Takei — especially when law enforcement gets involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A green card holder is required under federal law to carry evidence of their permanent resident status,” he explained. He adds that carrying a fake green card or identification and presenting that to law enforcement could make the situation a lot more difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re stopped by the police, \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights/protesters-rights#:~:text=If%20you%20are%20under%20arrest,are%20not%20allowed%20to%20listen.\">you have the same rights as anyone else\u003c/a>,” Takei said. “You don’t need to consent to a search, answer questions or sign anything.” Even if the situation seems intimidating, Takei explains,\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025647/what-to-do-if-you-encounter-ice\"> you have the right to remain silent and not share personal information with law enforcement.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you’re asked a question about your immigration status and debating whether to share false information or remain silent, “it’s better to remain silent,” said Takei.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But ultimately, if you’re set on protesting as a non-citizen, the most important thing you can do to protect yourself is to make a safety plan for yourself before going to a protest, he recommended. “Write out the contact information for resources, including an attorney or legal organization, and make sure that you’ve talked with friends or family about what to do if you are arrested or if anything goes wrong,” he explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What does the law say about free speech on campuses?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Legal experts have interpreted the First Amendment to mean that \u003ca href=\"https://stanfordmag.org/contents/what-the-law-says-about-campus-free-speech\">\u003cem>public \u003c/em>institutions are restricted from punishing speech\u003c/a>. However, California also has \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=EDC§ionNum=94367.\">Leonard’s Law\u003c/a> that \u003ca href=\"https://freeexpression.usc.edu/about-freedom-of-expression-at-usc/leonard-law/\">“prohibits private universities from making or enforcing a rule that subjects an enrolled student to disciplinary sanctions solely on the basis of speech protected by the First Amendment,” \u003c/a>according to the University of Southern California’s website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Mogulof, assistant vice chancellor of public affairs at UC Berkeley \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101905545/whats-next-for-pro-palestinian-campus-protests\">told KQED Forum in 2024 \u003c/a>that the University of California had changed its policy on responding to “non-violent political protests” after \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailydemocrat.com/2021/11/18/10-years-later-uc-davis-implements-change-following-pepper-spraying-incident/\">the 2012 Occupy Wall Street movement in which an officer pepper-sprayed a group of UC Davis protesters\u003c/a>. (UC Davis\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/politics/joegarofoli/article/UC-Davis-pepper-spray-officer-awarded-38-000-4920773.php\"> settled a federal lawsuit\u003c/a> with the students, paying around $1 million to the affected protesters.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That policy requires us not to call in law enforcement preemptively, and only when there’s a clear, imminent threat to the campus, to life, safety and to the safety of the campus community,” Mogulof said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is it legal to protest on the roads?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Bridges and highways are considered open public spaces — and public forums — but they \u003cem>are\u003c/em> subject to safety and traffic issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There can be civil disobedience. That could be a way of advocating for a cause, but it’s not protected First Amendment right to do that because the public and the government can have a compelling interest in making sure that those roadways and spaces are open and safe,” Thacher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, she noted that in her opinion, “a lot of the times, the justification of public safety gets overused to punish protesters and speakers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"can-i-be-arrested-at-protest\">\u003c/a>What can I \u003cem>actually\u003c/em> be arrested for at a protest?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“If you are looking to exercise your right to free speech lawfully and peacefully, you should not be arrested,” Thacher said. “But sometimes things happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People at protests may be arrested under suspicion of any crime, but here are some of the most common reasons:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Unlawful assembly\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Failure to disperse\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Disturbing the peace\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Resisting arrest\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Trespassing\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Vandalism\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Property destruction\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Disruption to traffic and safety of vehicles\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>ACLU Northern California’s Agarwal said that while \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/our-work/know-your-rights\">charges for protests can be nuanced\u003c/a>, at a basic level, if you are engaged in a protest and encounter police officers who then determine for “some reason” you have violated the “parameters” of the protest, there are usually three charging options available to officers:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>An infraction: typically a ticket where you show your ID, get a citation and may have to appear in court, with no jail time. Usually, an infraction is just a fine to pay.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A misdemeanor: An offense that can be punishable by up to one year in jail, but people “rarely serve” jail time for low-level offenses, Agarwal said.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A felony: A more serious criminal charge that usually brings jail time, which can be more than one year in prison.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12043481\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12043481\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-06-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-06-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-06-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250609-SF-IMMIGRATION-PROTESTS-MD-06-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Xan Joi and other protestors rally in the Mission District in San Francisco in opposition to the Trump Administration’s immigration policy and enforcement on June 9, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>If I’m arrested at a protest, what happens next?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>What happens to a person after they’re arrested depends on the case, Thacher said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A person could be given a citation to appear at a later court date or be given a ticket for an infraction. They may need to sign the ticket, saying there is no need to take them into custody because they promised to appear in court. But a person could also be taken into custody at the police department and booked into jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you are detained and the police say you’re not free to leave, you still don’t have to give a statement or submit or answer any questions,” said Rachel Lederman, an attorney with Partnership for Civil Justice Fund and with the Center for Protest Law and Litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If police are seeking to question you when you’re under arrest when you’re taken into the jail, you will have to answer some basic booking questions,” Lederman told KQED in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11955465/dolores-hill-bomb-legal-rights-spectator-onlooker\">2023 after San Francisco police arrested over a hundred people — most of whom were minors — at an annual “hill bomb” event\u003c/a>. “But you don’t have to answer questions about the incident that has led to your arrest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said people may not want to give statements or interviews until they consult an attorney (also known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.justia.com/criminal/procedure/miranda-rights/right-to-silence/#:~:text=The%20Fifth%20Amendment%20states%20that,or%20shortly%20after%20an%20arrest.\">invoking your right to remain silent\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"police-ask-for-id-or-disperse\">\u003c/a>Can a police officer ask for my ID during a protest?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Yes, although in California, if you are not being arrested you do not need to show your ID or give your name to a police officer when asked for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, “sometimes it’s a judgment call about whether that might arouse suspicion,” Lederman said. \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights/immigrants-rights#:~:text=You%20have%20the%20right%20to,against%20you%20in%20immigration%20court.\">Officers in California can’t also ask about your immigration status\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, “non-drivers cannot be lawfully arrested solely for refusing to provide identification to a police officer,” Thacher said. But nonetheless, she warned, “we do know of instances where police officers make the arrest anyway.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In short: Be aware of the possible risks if you choose not to show identification to a police officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11984654\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11984654\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/20240501_MAYDAYRALLY-25-GC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/20240501_MAYDAYRALLY-25-GC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/20240501_MAYDAYRALLY-25-GC-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/20240501_MAYDAYRALLY-25-GC-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/20240501_MAYDAYRALLY-25-GC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/20240501_MAYDAYRALLY-25-GC-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/05/20240501_MAYDAYRALLY-25-GC-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Martinez, also known as the protest cheerleader, shouts at the May Day rally during International Worker’s Day in the Mission on Wednesday, May 1, 2024. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>What should I do if a police officer asks me to move during a protest?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It depends, Thacher said. If this happens, she said that some things to bear in mind are:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Why is the officer asking you to leave, and how are they asking you to leave?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Do protesters have the ability to comply with the order, and can you do it reasonably without being put at risk of getting hurt?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Are they asking you to move but you don’t have time to move because it is such a packed crowd?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“The officers have the right to ask you to move in certain circumstances, like for public safety … [or] if there’s traffic violations starting to happen,” she said. But “the police can’t ask you to leave and then immediately turn around and arrest you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Penal Code states that \u003ca href=\"https://law.justia.com/codes/california/code-pen/part-1/title-11/section-409/#:~:text=Previous%20Next-,409.,is%20guilty%20of%20a%20misdemeanor.\">“[e]very person remaining present at the place of any riot, rout, or unlawful assembly, after the same has been lawfully warned to disperse … is guilty of a misdemeanor”\u003c/a> and that also \u003ca href=\"https://codes.findlaw.com/ca/penal-code/pen-sect-148/?DCMP=google:ppc:TRLNA:21219027752:697523562873:161386574133&HBX_PK=&sid=9061275&source=google~ppc&tsid=latlppc&gad_source=5&gclid=EAIaIQobChMI9oapzZDrhQMVfM7CBB2dhAdrEAAYASAAEgLSGvD_BwE\">anyone who “willfully resists, delays, or obstructs” an officer in the line of duty can be punished\u003c/a> by a fine and/or imprisonment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Something else to bear in mind: One particularly controversial police tactic during protests is “kettling,” in which law enforcement blocks off exit routes to confine protesters within a closed-off space. When kettled, you can’t leave on your own or comply with an order to disperse — unless police reopen an exit. \u003ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/2020/6/6/21282509/george-floyd-protests-kettling-new-york-nypd\">Officers have been known to charge at or arrest protesters in these situations,\u003c/a> including during Black Lives Matter demonstrations in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What should you do if you think a police officer violated your rights at a protest?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11871364/recording-the-police-what-to-know-and-how-to-stay-safe-doing-it\">You should take notes and record details\u003c/a> about encounters with police officers, advised Thacher — especially if you think your rights may have been violated, such as an officer calling people to disperse in a tightly packed crowd or kettle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some things to make note of include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The time and date\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The location\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The officer’s badge numbers and names\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Patrol car numbers\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>How often it was said \u003cem>where \u003c/em>you were directed to go.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“All of that stuff can be important when you’re trying to go back and understand what happened to you,” said Thacher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If someone thinks their rights have been violated, they can take their notes and footage to a legal expert to understand the situation more. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12013522/free-legal-aid-in-the-bay-area-how-it-works-where-to-find-it\">See our list of where to find free or low-cost legal aid in the Bay Area.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russell, the Santa Clara University School assistant professor, said that if you are a student on a public or private college campus, file a grievance with the school’s relevant office and provide specific details of what happened. Russell said people should also contact their \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/our-work/get-help\">local ACLU’s advice line\u003c/a> to provide details. If you can afford private legal counsel, groups like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nlg.org/\">National Lawyers Guild\u003c/a> can specifically assist protesters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Think about what your goal is as a protester, and protect yourself accordingly,” said Russell, adding that reputable groups to learn about your rights include \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/our-work/get-help\">your local ACLU chapter\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.amnesty.org/en/about-us/contact/\">Amnesty International\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://naacp.org/contact\">the NAACP.\u003c/a> “Educate yourself about civil disobedience and protest rights,” she urged.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"what-is-civil-disobedience\">\u003c/a>When does lawful protest become ‘civil disobedience’?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Civil disobedience is “the refusal to comply with lawful orders as a form of protest,” Thacher said. For example, when an officer calls for dispersal and people do not move, that is when it goes from protected speech to an act of civil disobedience. It is also \u003ca href=\"https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/civil-disobedience/\">non-violent\u003c/a> by its nature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most well-known examples of civil disobedience is the 1950s demonstrations by Martin Luther King Jr. during the civil rights movement, which frequently \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/02/26/history-tying-up-traffic-civil-rights-00011825\">involved blocking roads and highways\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11975873\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11975873\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240214-GOLDEN-GATE-BRIDGE-PROTEST-JCL-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240214-GOLDEN-GATE-BRIDGE-PROTEST-JCL-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240214-GOLDEN-GATE-BRIDGE-PROTEST-JCL-02-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240214-GOLDEN-GATE-BRIDGE-PROTEST-JCL-02-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240214-GOLDEN-GATE-BRIDGE-PROTEST-JCL-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240214-GOLDEN-GATE-BRIDGE-PROTEST-JCL-02-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/240214-GOLDEN-GATE-BRIDGE-PROTEST-JCL-02-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters block traffic on the Golden Gate Bridge on Feb. 14, 2024. \u003ccite>(Juan Carlos Lara/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“People can choose to practice civil disobedience as a peaceful form of political protest,” Thacher said. “They can mix that with other activities that are protected by the First Amendment, such as lawful assemblies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seth Morrison from the Bay Area chapter of Jewish Voice for Peace told \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11967439/how-can-i-call-my-representative-a-step-by-step-guide-to-the-process\">KQED in 2023\u003c/a> that he would advise would-be protesters contemplating civil disobedience to “consider it carefully and think about the pros and cons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But if you and a good group of people are deeply committed to an issue — if you’ve done your research and if you have tried through normal channels and not gotten a response — civil disobedience is something you should think about,” said Morrison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thacher said that while the First Amendment \u003cem>may \u003c/em>not protect activities like blocking a bridge as the goal of the protest, this kind of action could be an effective act of civil disobedience nonetheless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of times protests and civil disobedience can be put under the same umbrella of ‘civil unrest,’ and then everyone thinks it’s all the same thing,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But protest and exercising your right to demonstrate and peacefully assemble is protected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A version of this story originally published on May 3, 2024. KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/amadrigal\">Alexis Madrigal\u003c/a> and Carly Severn contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Few \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13976542/bay-area-fun-summer-events-concerts-festivals-movies-2025\">summer activities\u003c/a> feel as wholesome — and satisfying — as picking your own fruit straight from the tree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the wider Bay Area, “u-pick” farms offer a chance to connect with California’s agricultural roots, support local growers and head home with a basketful of strawberries, cherries, peaches and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#where-to-go-fruit-picking-bay-area\">The Bay Area farms where you can pick your own cherries, berries and stone fruit\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Eating fresh-picked fruits can offer nutritional benefits — and extra tastiness. Dr. Zubaida Qamar, associate professor of nutrition at San Francisco State University and lead of the campus farm, said produce picked at peak ripeness tends to have higher nutrient content and better flavor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The flavor is going to be much more enhanced if we are buying seasonally and locally — and you’re also supporting your local farmers,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exploring farms and buying produce at the local farmers’ markets is a great way to build food literacy and community connection, Qamar said. Programs like\u003ca href=\"https://marketmatch.org/\"> Market Match\u003c/a>, which doubles CalFresh (SNAP) benefits at participating farmers’ markets, also help make fresh fruit more accessible to low-income families. \u003ca href=\"https://www.localharvest.org/csa/\">Community Supported Agriculture (CSA)\u003c/a> boxes and home gardening offer additional local options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12043765\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2070053979-scaled-e1749663302650.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12043765\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2070053979-scaled-e1749663302650.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1330\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Strawberry cutout on pick up along the California coast at Highway 1 near Half Moon Bay, California on March 23, 2010. \u003ccite>(Thomas Winz for Getty)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We are very privileged to have access to different farms around us. And access to farmers markets, which run pretty much all year round,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Planning ahead: Tips before you go fruit picking\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Fruit picking seasons are short and can vary depending on the weather. Always check the farm’s website or social media before heading out — many update their availability daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some farms charge by the pound, while others charge by the bucket. Some require reservations and others allow walk-ins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bring sun protection, water, and cash just in case cards are not accepted. If you’re planning to be out at the farm for the whole day, consider bringing an icebox or a container to store your fruits, which will help keep them fresher for even longer.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>U-pick\u003ca id=\"where-to-go-fruit-picking-bay-area\">\u003c/a> farms to visit in the Bay Area\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where to pick cherries (May–June)\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cherry-time.com/\">Cherry Time\u003c/a>: 1875 Walnut Blvd., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/5starcherries/\">5 Star Cherries\u003c/a>: 24782 Marsh Creek Road, Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.gsfarms.net/\">G&S Farms\u003c/a>: 2490 Sellers Ave., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/Seko-Ranch-113607681999698\">Seko Ranch\u003c/a>: 487 Eureka Ave., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/Mikes.U.Pick/\">Mike’s U-Pick\u003c/a>: 611 Payne Ave., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nunnbetterfarms.com/?fbclid=PAZXh0bgNhZW0CMTEAAadll-4ETZLVDtmGbO-OTgwIvj0l38dvUac_IKKP0Ko8aRYG6kK2932UXzEjEA_aem_XZD7jBDdihuD4J_03JTbiw\">Nunn Better U-Pick Farm\u003c/a>: 2777 Sellers Ave., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/freitascherryranch/\">Freitas Cherry Ranch\u003c/a>: 555 Hoffman Lane, Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://maggioreranch.com/\">Maggiore Cherry Ranch\u003c/a>: 3017 Walnut Blvd., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where to pick strawberries, mulberries and other berries (June–July)\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/berrybestfamilyfarm/?hl=en\">Berry Best Family Farm\u003c/a>: 7540 Balfour Road, Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/verymulberry/\">Very Mulberry\u003c/a>: 501 Hoffman Lane, Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/liveearthfarm/\">Live Earth Farm\u003c/a>: 1275 Green Valley Road, Watsonville\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://theboringfarm.com/\">Boring Farm\u003c/a>: 4200 Canfield Road, Sebastopol\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/duckworthfarmblueberries/?fbclid=IwAR3k3ciuogCR-7FLnL66edcFr3Cxh8LrUBjDv-_mIPeuc7ovzRaAM7aiAAA\">Duckworth Family Farm\u003c/a>: 2950 Canfield Road, Sebastopol\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/bluehousefarm/\">Blue House Farm\u003c/a>: 950 La Honda Road, San Gregorio\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.gizdich-ranch.com/\">Gizdich Ranch\u003c/a>: 55 Peckham Road, Watsonville\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/chaostrawberries/\">Chao’s Strawberries\u003c/a>: 2600 B Walnut Blvd, Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where to pick stone fruit like peaches, nectarines, apricots and plums (June–August)\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/theurbanedgefarm/\">Urban Edge Farm\u003c/a>: 2017 Walnut Blvd., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/farmersdaughterproduce/?hl=en\">Farmers Daughter Produce\u003c/a>: 23151 Marsh Creek Road, Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://pomeroyfarm.net/\">Pomeroy Farm\u003c/a>: 1600 Eureka Ave., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://harvestforyou.com/members/moffatt-ranch-peaches/\">Moffatt Ranch\u003c/a>: 1870 Walnut Blvd., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://mckinneyfarms.weebly.com/\">McKinney Farms\u003c/a>: 25221 Marsh Creek Road, Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.brentwood-u-pick.com/\">Airaya U-Pick Farm\u003c/a>: 25221 Marsh Creek Road, Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cloverfieldfarm.us/\">Cloverfield Organic Farm\u003c/a>: 501 La Paloma Road, El Sobrante\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/bacchinis_farm/\">Bacchini’s Farm\u003c/a>: 2010 Walnut Blvd., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/wolferanchinbrentwood/\">Wolfe Ranch\u003c/a>: 2111 Concord Ave. Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12043763\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-584939378-scaled-e1749662999415.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12043763\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-584939378-scaled-e1749662999415.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Picking ladder in front of ripening cherry trees at U-pick farm in Brentwood California. Many small fruit orchards and vegetable farmers in the area have helped establish Brentwood as a #1 spot for u-pick farms in the rich agricultural land. \u003ccite>(Barbara Rich for Getty)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The effects of climate change on fruit seasons\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California’s diverse microclimates — and increasingly erratic weather — play a significant role in determining which fruits can grow where, said \u003ca href=\"https://www.pampeirce.com/\">Pamela Peirce\u003c/a>, a Bay Area gardening expert and author of Golden Gate Gardening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Near the coast, for example, cool summers and low “chill hours” — \u003ca href=\"https://ucanr.edu/blog/hort-coco-uc-master-gardener-program-contra-costa/article/what-are-chill-hours\">the amount of time fruit is exposed to cold\u003c/a> — limit what can thrive.[aside postID=news_12040961 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-1312721999-1020x680.jpg']“Only things that can take very mild winters can grow,” Peirce said, so while apples, plums, lemons, and hardy citrus varieties do well, peaches, nectarines, and sweeter citrus need the longer heat spells of inland areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But climate change is blurring these boundaries. Warmer winters followed by sudden cold snaps can confuse fruit trees, causing early blooms and weaker yields. Inland, extreme heat can \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0098847222004002\">shut down photosynthesis\u003c/a>, harming crops and even contributing to carbon emissions, Peirce said. In her own backyard, “our apple tree in 2017 bloomed in August. That’s not supposed to happen,” she said. “It’s supposed to bloom in April.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shifts in temperature are also altering pest activity, allowing some to linger year-round while reducing the population of pollinators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, climate change “is very confusing to the plants,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Few \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13976542/bay-area-fun-summer-events-concerts-festivals-movies-2025\">summer activities\u003c/a> feel as wholesome — and satisfying — as picking your own fruit straight from the tree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the wider Bay Area, “u-pick” farms offer a chance to connect with California’s agricultural roots, support local growers and head home with a basketful of strawberries, cherries, peaches and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#where-to-go-fruit-picking-bay-area\">The Bay Area farms where you can pick your own cherries, berries and stone fruit\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Eating fresh-picked fruits can offer nutritional benefits — and extra tastiness. Dr. Zubaida Qamar, associate professor of nutrition at San Francisco State University and lead of the campus farm, said produce picked at peak ripeness tends to have higher nutrient content and better flavor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The flavor is going to be much more enhanced if we are buying seasonally and locally — and you’re also supporting your local farmers,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exploring farms and buying produce at the local farmers’ markets is a great way to build food literacy and community connection, Qamar said. Programs like\u003ca href=\"https://marketmatch.org/\"> Market Match\u003c/a>, which doubles CalFresh (SNAP) benefits at participating farmers’ markets, also help make fresh fruit more accessible to low-income families. \u003ca href=\"https://www.localharvest.org/csa/\">Community Supported Agriculture (CSA)\u003c/a> boxes and home gardening offer additional local options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12043765\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2070053979-scaled-e1749663302650.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12043765\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2070053979-scaled-e1749663302650.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1330\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Strawberry cutout on pick up along the California coast at Highway 1 near Half Moon Bay, California on March 23, 2010. \u003ccite>(Thomas Winz for Getty)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We are very privileged to have access to different farms around us. And access to farmers markets, which run pretty much all year round,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Planning ahead: Tips before you go fruit picking\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Fruit picking seasons are short and can vary depending on the weather. Always check the farm’s website or social media before heading out — many update their availability daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some farms charge by the pound, while others charge by the bucket. Some require reservations and others allow walk-ins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bring sun protection, water, and cash just in case cards are not accepted. If you’re planning to be out at the farm for the whole day, consider bringing an icebox or a container to store your fruits, which will help keep them fresher for even longer.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>U-pick\u003ca id=\"where-to-go-fruit-picking-bay-area\">\u003c/a> farms to visit in the Bay Area\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where to pick cherries (May–June)\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cherry-time.com/\">Cherry Time\u003c/a>: 1875 Walnut Blvd., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/5starcherries/\">5 Star Cherries\u003c/a>: 24782 Marsh Creek Road, Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.gsfarms.net/\">G&S Farms\u003c/a>: 2490 Sellers Ave., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/Seko-Ranch-113607681999698\">Seko Ranch\u003c/a>: 487 Eureka Ave., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/Mikes.U.Pick/\">Mike’s U-Pick\u003c/a>: 611 Payne Ave., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nunnbetterfarms.com/?fbclid=PAZXh0bgNhZW0CMTEAAadll-4ETZLVDtmGbO-OTgwIvj0l38dvUac_IKKP0Ko8aRYG6kK2932UXzEjEA_aem_XZD7jBDdihuD4J_03JTbiw\">Nunn Better U-Pick Farm\u003c/a>: 2777 Sellers Ave., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/freitascherryranch/\">Freitas Cherry Ranch\u003c/a>: 555 Hoffman Lane, Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://maggioreranch.com/\">Maggiore Cherry Ranch\u003c/a>: 3017 Walnut Blvd., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where to pick strawberries, mulberries and other berries (June–July)\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/berrybestfamilyfarm/?hl=en\">Berry Best Family Farm\u003c/a>: 7540 Balfour Road, Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/verymulberry/\">Very Mulberry\u003c/a>: 501 Hoffman Lane, Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/liveearthfarm/\">Live Earth Farm\u003c/a>: 1275 Green Valley Road, Watsonville\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://theboringfarm.com/\">Boring Farm\u003c/a>: 4200 Canfield Road, Sebastopol\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/duckworthfarmblueberries/?fbclid=IwAR3k3ciuogCR-7FLnL66edcFr3Cxh8LrUBjDv-_mIPeuc7ovzRaAM7aiAAA\">Duckworth Family Farm\u003c/a>: 2950 Canfield Road, Sebastopol\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/bluehousefarm/\">Blue House Farm\u003c/a>: 950 La Honda Road, San Gregorio\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.gizdich-ranch.com/\">Gizdich Ranch\u003c/a>: 55 Peckham Road, Watsonville\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/chaostrawberries/\">Chao’s Strawberries\u003c/a>: 2600 B Walnut Blvd, Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where to pick stone fruit like peaches, nectarines, apricots and plums (June–August)\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/theurbanedgefarm/\">Urban Edge Farm\u003c/a>: 2017 Walnut Blvd., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/farmersdaughterproduce/?hl=en\">Farmers Daughter Produce\u003c/a>: 23151 Marsh Creek Road, Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://pomeroyfarm.net/\">Pomeroy Farm\u003c/a>: 1600 Eureka Ave., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://harvestforyou.com/members/moffatt-ranch-peaches/\">Moffatt Ranch\u003c/a>: 1870 Walnut Blvd., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://mckinneyfarms.weebly.com/\">McKinney Farms\u003c/a>: 25221 Marsh Creek Road, Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.brentwood-u-pick.com/\">Airaya U-Pick Farm\u003c/a>: 25221 Marsh Creek Road, Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cloverfieldfarm.us/\">Cloverfield Organic Farm\u003c/a>: 501 La Paloma Road, El Sobrante\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/bacchinis_farm/\">Bacchini’s Farm\u003c/a>: 2010 Walnut Blvd., Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/wolferanchinbrentwood/\">Wolfe Ranch\u003c/a>: 2111 Concord Ave. Brentwood\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12043763\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-584939378-scaled-e1749662999415.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12043763\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-584939378-scaled-e1749662999415.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Picking ladder in front of ripening cherry trees at U-pick farm in Brentwood California. Many small fruit orchards and vegetable farmers in the area have helped establish Brentwood as a #1 spot for u-pick farms in the rich agricultural land. \u003ccite>(Barbara Rich for Getty)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The effects of climate change on fruit seasons\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California’s diverse microclimates — and increasingly erratic weather — play a significant role in determining which fruits can grow where, said \u003ca href=\"https://www.pampeirce.com/\">Pamela Peirce\u003c/a>, a Bay Area gardening expert and author of Golden Gate Gardening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Near the coast, for example, cool summers and low “chill hours” — \u003ca href=\"https://ucanr.edu/blog/hort-coco-uc-master-gardener-program-contra-costa/article/what-are-chill-hours\">the amount of time fruit is exposed to cold\u003c/a> — limit what can thrive.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Only things that can take very mild winters can grow,” Peirce said, so while apples, plums, lemons, and hardy citrus varieties do well, peaches, nectarines, and sweeter citrus need the longer heat spells of inland areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But climate change is blurring these boundaries. Warmer winters followed by sudden cold snaps can confuse fruit trees, causing early blooms and weaker yields. Inland, extreme heat can \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0098847222004002\">shut down photosynthesis\u003c/a>, harming crops and even contributing to carbon emissions, Peirce said. In her own backyard, “our apple tree in 2017 bloomed in August. That’s not supposed to happen,” she said. “It’s supposed to bloom in April.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shifts in temperature are also altering pest activity, allowing some to linger year-round while reducing the population of pollinators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, climate change “is very confusing to the plants,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "hiking-along-beautiful-bluffs-can-get-risky-heres-how-to-stay-safe",
"title": "Hiking Along Beautiful Bluffs Can Get Risky. Here’s How to Stay Safe",
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"headTitle": "Hiking Along Beautiful Bluffs Can Get Risky. Here’s How to Stay Safe | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>San Francisco’s dramatic coastline makes its hikes, especially in the Presidio overlooking the Golden Gate Bridge, uniquely stunning. But hiking here is not without its risks — in just one weekend, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/presidio-rescue-again-20356204.php\">two people had to be rescued from the Presidio’s treacherous cliffs. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the most part, hiking in the city is safe, but there are a few common mistakes locals and visitors alike make that can get them in trouble. Read on for a few key things you should know before venturing out to take in some of the city’s most striking views.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#A\">Why do people keep needing rescue on the cliffs?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#A\">What will happen if I fall or need help?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#A\">Do I have to pay money to be rescued?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#A\">What should I know before heading out for a hike?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"A\">\u003c/a>Why do people keep needing rescue on San Francisco’s cliffs?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This weekend wasn’t an anomaly, said Lt. Mariano Elias, spokesperson for the San Francisco Fire Department. Anytime there is good weather and a clear view across the bay, “people want to get … right to the edge to find their safe, happy place, and then it becomes unsafe,” Elias said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1997037/hottest-event-of-the-year-bay-area-braces-for-elevated-heat-and-high-tides-too\">Last weekend was sunny, bringing crowds to enjoy the views\u003c/a> of the Marin Headlands and picnic out in the sunshine, “which is the draw, of course,” Elias said. The two people rescued were off-trail near the \u003ca href=\"https://presidio.gov/explore/attractions/batteries-to-bluffs-trail\">Batteries to Bluffs Trail\u003c/a>, which, in addition to getting hikers up close to the bridge, hangs precariously over the ocean below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042911\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042911\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-23-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-23-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-23-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-23-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-23-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-23-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-23-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Batteries to Bluffs Trail in the Presidio of San Francisco on June 4, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“[It’s] easy to go down, harder to come up,” he said. “The person [rescued on Saturday] was difficult to access because they were not visible and they didn’t know where they were.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the trails are particularly crowded, a hiker might try to step away and get space to be alone, leading them into unfamiliar territory. The cliffs aren’t just steep here — trails are also overgrown, oftentimes with poison oak, and it can be hard to tell where, if anywhere, they lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Changing tides can also put people at risk. The two people rescued this past weekend, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xBybgshsv14\">one of whom required a helicopter response,\u003c/a> were both climbing up, away from the water, which can lead to injuries or getting lost as they attempt to scale the cliffside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes the tide is low and people start walking and meandering around the rocks and the water, and then the tide starts coming in and then they can’t walk on the beach any longer,” Elias said. “So then they start climbing up the hillside, which creates another danger — possible falling down or loose rocks. I think sometimes people aren’t really aware of what can happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And another common factor in rescues is intoxication from drugs or alcohol, Elias said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042909\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042909\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-06-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-06-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-06-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-06-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-06-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-06-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-06-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign warns of hazardous cliffs along the Batteries to Bluffs Trail in the Presidio of San Francisco on June 4, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"B\">\u003c/a>What will happen if I fall or need help?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to data from the fire department, on average, 32 people have to get rescued from the city’s cliffs each year. And that’s not even including the 91 on average people rescued from the bay, and 45 from the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elias said the SFFD prepares for these events with several fire units that specialize in coastal rescue. They use special equipment and are trained with ropes to get people who are stuck on cliff edges, including at night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also prepare for fair-weather weekends where they expect a high volume of people to be out on the coastline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042912\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042912\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-26-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-26-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-26-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-26-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-26-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-26-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-26-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A hiker sits near the ocean along the Batteries to Bluffs Trail in the Presidio of San Francisco on June 4, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We plan for those things,” Elias said. “Our crews drive by the busy spots.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not just people who go over cliffs, either. Elias said they have to rescue hundreds of dogs as well, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11930802/fort-funston-know-why-sfs-iconic-dog-walking-cliffs-can-be-dangerous\">especially at Fort Funston,\u003c/a> on the southwestern edge of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a rescue does have to be initiated, a team of about 20 people will respond, and may include a helicopter coming out of Napa, which can get there in around 10 minutes, Elias said. Oftentimes, a firefighter has to be lowered over a cliff for a rescue, either by being tied to a fire engine, a tree or anchored into the ground with spikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"C\">\u003c/a>Do I have to pay money to be rescued?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While the rescues won’t cost the stranded person any money — they’re provided as a public service — Elias said each cliff rescue does create what they call an “open gap” in coverage. The Parks Service can and sometimes does issue citations to people who don’t follow posted signs to stay on trail, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You should just follow the directions and stay on the trail and play it safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042908\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042908\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-03-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-03-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-03-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-03-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-03-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-03-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-03-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A jogger runs along part of the Batteries to Bluffs Trail in the Presidio of San Francisco on June 4, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"D\">\u003c/a>What should I know before heading out for a hike?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Aside from staying on designated trails, there’s one other key to keeping safe on the bluffs: “We advise people to know where they are,” Elias said. “If I don’t know where you are, it’s almost impossible to find somebody in this area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said to try to stay in areas with cell service so you can call first responders and provide your location if you need help getting to safety. Also, \u003ca href=\"https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/stationhome.html?id=9414290\">be aware of the ocean’s tides\u003c/a> and plan your beachcombing walk accordingly, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014611/king-tide-back-bay-area-heres-what-you-can-expect\">King Tides,\u003c/a> which can rise unexpectedly and take hikers off guard, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12041127/dont-go-into-the-water-at-ocean-beach-sf-officials-urge-ahead-of-memorial-day-weekend\">can be extremely dangerous \u003c/a>— or lead hikers to attempt dangerous maneuvers on the cliffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People do frequent this area quite a bit, and it’s beautiful, but we do recommend people to stay on the trail,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeCeDp_MY_h4G6VWj_-VPl-BJlQ3Uya2H0vxRZZd_47BpXwVA/viewform?embedded=true\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "After two cliff rescues in San Francisco last weekend, firefighters urge hikers to stay on trails and be aware of tides.",
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"title": "Hiking Along Beautiful Bluffs Can Get Risky. Here’s How to Stay Safe | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San Francisco’s dramatic coastline makes its hikes, especially in the Presidio overlooking the Golden Gate Bridge, uniquely stunning. But hiking here is not without its risks — in just one weekend, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/presidio-rescue-again-20356204.php\">two people had to be rescued from the Presidio’s treacherous cliffs. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the most part, hiking in the city is safe, but there are a few common mistakes locals and visitors alike make that can get them in trouble. Read on for a few key things you should know before venturing out to take in some of the city’s most striking views.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#A\">Why do people keep needing rescue on the cliffs?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#A\">What will happen if I fall or need help?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#A\">Do I have to pay money to be rescued?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#A\">What should I know before heading out for a hike?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"A\">\u003c/a>Why do people keep needing rescue on San Francisco’s cliffs?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This weekend wasn’t an anomaly, said Lt. Mariano Elias, spokesperson for the San Francisco Fire Department. Anytime there is good weather and a clear view across the bay, “people want to get … right to the edge to find their safe, happy place, and then it becomes unsafe,” Elias said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1997037/hottest-event-of-the-year-bay-area-braces-for-elevated-heat-and-high-tides-too\">Last weekend was sunny, bringing crowds to enjoy the views\u003c/a> of the Marin Headlands and picnic out in the sunshine, “which is the draw, of course,” Elias said. The two people rescued were off-trail near the \u003ca href=\"https://presidio.gov/explore/attractions/batteries-to-bluffs-trail\">Batteries to Bluffs Trail\u003c/a>, which, in addition to getting hikers up close to the bridge, hangs precariously over the ocean below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042911\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042911\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-23-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-23-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-23-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-23-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-23-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-23-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-23-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Batteries to Bluffs Trail in the Presidio of San Francisco on June 4, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“[It’s] easy to go down, harder to come up,” he said. “The person [rescued on Saturday] was difficult to access because they were not visible and they didn’t know where they were.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the trails are particularly crowded, a hiker might try to step away and get space to be alone, leading them into unfamiliar territory. The cliffs aren’t just steep here — trails are also overgrown, oftentimes with poison oak, and it can be hard to tell where, if anywhere, they lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Changing tides can also put people at risk. The two people rescued this past weekend, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xBybgshsv14\">one of whom required a helicopter response,\u003c/a> were both climbing up, away from the water, which can lead to injuries or getting lost as they attempt to scale the cliffside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes the tide is low and people start walking and meandering around the rocks and the water, and then the tide starts coming in and then they can’t walk on the beach any longer,” Elias said. “So then they start climbing up the hillside, which creates another danger — possible falling down or loose rocks. I think sometimes people aren’t really aware of what can happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And another common factor in rescues is intoxication from drugs or alcohol, Elias said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042909\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042909\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-06-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-06-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-06-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-06-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-06-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-06-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-06-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign warns of hazardous cliffs along the Batteries to Bluffs Trail in the Presidio of San Francisco on June 4, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"B\">\u003c/a>What will happen if I fall or need help?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to data from the fire department, on average, 32 people have to get rescued from the city’s cliffs each year. And that’s not even including the 91 on average people rescued from the bay, and 45 from the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elias said the SFFD prepares for these events with several fire units that specialize in coastal rescue. They use special equipment and are trained with ropes to get people who are stuck on cliff edges, including at night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also prepare for fair-weather weekends where they expect a high volume of people to be out on the coastline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042912\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042912\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-26-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-26-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-26-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-26-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-26-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-26-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-26-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A hiker sits near the ocean along the Batteries to Bluffs Trail in the Presidio of San Francisco on June 4, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We plan for those things,” Elias said. “Our crews drive by the busy spots.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not just people who go over cliffs, either. Elias said they have to rescue hundreds of dogs as well, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11930802/fort-funston-know-why-sfs-iconic-dog-walking-cliffs-can-be-dangerous\">especially at Fort Funston,\u003c/a> on the southwestern edge of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a rescue does have to be initiated, a team of about 20 people will respond, and may include a helicopter coming out of Napa, which can get there in around 10 minutes, Elias said. Oftentimes, a firefighter has to be lowered over a cliff for a rescue, either by being tied to a fire engine, a tree or anchored into the ground with spikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"C\">\u003c/a>Do I have to pay money to be rescued?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While the rescues won’t cost the stranded person any money — they’re provided as a public service — Elias said each cliff rescue does create what they call an “open gap” in coverage. The Parks Service can and sometimes does issue citations to people who don’t follow posted signs to stay on trail, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You should just follow the directions and stay on the trail and play it safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042908\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042908\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-03-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-03-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-03-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-03-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-03-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-03-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/250604-HIKINGSFBLUFFS-03-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A jogger runs along part of the Batteries to Bluffs Trail in the Presidio of San Francisco on June 4, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"D\">\u003c/a>What should I know before heading out for a hike?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Aside from staying on designated trails, there’s one other key to keeping safe on the bluffs: “We advise people to know where they are,” Elias said. “If I don’t know where you are, it’s almost impossible to find somebody in this area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said to try to stay in areas with cell service so you can call first responders and provide your location if you need help getting to safety. Also, \u003ca href=\"https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/stationhome.html?id=9414290\">be aware of the ocean’s tides\u003c/a> and plan your beachcombing walk accordingly, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12014611/king-tide-back-bay-area-heres-what-you-can-expect\">King Tides,\u003c/a> which can rise unexpectedly and take hikers off guard, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12041127/dont-go-into-the-water-at-ocean-beach-sf-officials-urge-ahead-of-memorial-day-weekend\">can be extremely dangerous \u003c/a>— or lead hikers to attempt dangerous maneuvers on the cliffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People do frequent this area quite a bit, and it’s beautiful, but we do recommend people to stay on the trail,” he said.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe\n src='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeCeDp_MY_h4G6VWj_-VPl-BJlQ3Uya2H0vxRZZd_47BpXwVA/viewform?embedded=true?embedded=true'\n title='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeCeDp_MY_h4G6VWj_-VPl-BJlQ3Uya2H0vxRZZd_47BpXwVA/viewform?embedded=true'\n width='760' height='500'\n frameborder='0'\n marginheight='0' marginwidth='0'>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Taking up a new sport or hobby can be tough on the wallet, especially popular ones here in the Bay Area, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12035335/bay-area-bike-shops-raging-trade-war-brings-uncertain-future\">cycling\u003c/a> or skiing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not every outdoor activity has to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101909839/have-you-been-priced-out-of-a-hobby#:~:text=You've%20probably%20noticed%20that,personal%20fulfillment%20and%20community%20building.\">break the bank\u003c/a> or require \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11985235/sf-born-rock-climber-beth-rodden-shares-triumphs-traumas-in-new-memoir\">hundreds of hours of training \u003c/a>before you feel confident in your skills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your main goal is to get moving — and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11952701/finding-community-in-the-oakland-pickleball-scene\">maybe even to find an active community along the way\u003c/a> — this list of sports taught right here in the Bay Area might be for you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plus, read on for a few keys to success (or at the very least fun and safety) from the teachers themselves and extra information about cost so you know exactly what you’re getting yourself into.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Archery\">Archery\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Indoorrockclimbing\">Indoor rock climbing\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Australianfootball\">Australian football\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Curling\">Curling\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Openwaterswimming\">Open water swimming\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Swingdancing\">Swing dancing\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042489\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/SWIMMING1-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042489\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/SWIMMING1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/SWIMMING1-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/SWIMMING1-KQED-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/SWIMMING1-KQED-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/SWIMMING1-KQED-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/SWIMMING1-KQED-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/SWIMMING1-KQED-1920x1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Open water swimmers travel under the Golden Gate Bridge in the San Francisco Bay on Nov. 2, 2022. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the Pacific Open Water Swim Co.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Bay Area outdoor \u003ca id=\"Archery\">\u003c/a>archery range\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Shooting a bow and arrow might be something you’ve only ever seen on TV or in the movies, but “this isn’t the Olympics,” Bowhunters Unlimited President Debbie Golzen said. “Anyone can do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bhuarchers.org/\">Bowhunters Unlimited\u003c/a>, an all-volunteer group that operates out of \u003ca href=\"https://parks.santaclaracounty.gov/locations/stevens-creek-county-park\">Stevens Creek County Park\u003c/a> in Saratoga, offers beginner lessons, team-building activities, a practice range and a field range with around 30 targets along a 3-mile course to get in a full day of target practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a lesson, participants learn the \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u2-mqV2EV1c\">basics about archery equipment\u003c/a>, safety and shooting form from the training area, where the targets are set close to the shooter and have backstops so you don’t have to chase down your arrows too far, Golzen said. Plus, the lesson area is separated from the regular range so newcomers can take as much time as they need to set up, shoot and retrieve arrows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By the end of your lesson, you will feel confident to continue the sport at your leisure,” Golzen said. “Archery is so simple. If you can play catch with someone with a ball without making them chase that ball all over the place every time you throw it to them, you can shoot an arrow 10 yards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12040892 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/best-hikes-bay-area-memorial-day-1020x679.png']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Archery is an age-inclusive sport, too, Golzen said, with some of their oldest members in their 80s. The group attends tournaments that are open to anyone of any skill level, where participants, organized by age, gender and category of shooter, shoot at 3D foam targets that are shaped like animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you make it through all those targets and try, that’s success,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Set up for success: \u003c/strong>Golzen recommends wearing close-toed shoes with some ankle support to the park, and to bring some water. To make shooting easier, wear close-fitted sleeves. All the coaches and the range itself are certified to keep everyone safe. As for gear, they have light bows and arrows available for those taking lessons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you decide to continue pursuing the sport, Golzen recommends \u003ca href=\"https://www.archeryonly.com/\">Archery Only in Newark\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://predatorsarchery.com/?srsltid=AfmBOopFClLD6F0fYmpsVkrdwArqp-3W2wi1TsMnX5yOf44UUpMR677Z\">Predator’s Archery in Gilroy\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificaarchery.com/\">Pacifica Archery in Daly City\u003c/a> to get fitted for and purchase a bow and arrows that are right for you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can’t shoot someone else’s gear,” Golzen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cost: \u003c/strong>There is no fee to use the range, but a $40 yearly membership helps support keeping it open for all. A lesson, \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdAjeoJ8wkVh2zJidoF5rommyraCKjewY_X6EKNqo31rI1ysQ/viewform\">booked through a form\u003c/a> on their website, costs between $20 and $45, depending on how long you’d like and how many people are in your group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042488\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1875px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ARCHERY1-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042488\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ARCHERY1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1875\" height=\"1406\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ARCHERY1-KQED.jpg 1875w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ARCHERY1-KQED-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ARCHERY1-KQED-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ARCHERY1-KQED-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ARCHERY1-KQED-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1875px) 100vw, 1875px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A quiver holds colorful arrows at Bowhunters Unlimited at Stevens Creek Archery Range in Saratoga, Calif., on Oct. 4, 2022. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Debbie Golzen)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Free indoor \u003ca id=\"Indoorrockclimbing\">\u003c/a>rock climbing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Ever considered joining a rock climbing gym, but it all just feels a little too intimidating?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe you tried the sport once or twice as a kid at a birthday party or tagged along with a friend, but never took the leap yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get you started, \u003ca href=\"https://movementgyms.com/\">Movement Gyms’\u003c/a> San Francisco, Belmont, Santa Clara, Sunnyvale and Mountain View \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DJ7tZu6S5T0/\">locations offer periodic free-for-all days\u003c/a> for anyone interested in trying out the sport of indoor rock climbing. The days, which Bay Area district director Joey Luna said the gym hopes to offer a few times per year, include free gear rentals and lessons, and are tailored specifically toward beginners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To help with that, on free days, the gyms are full of extra staff milling around to help participants get started, give pointers on form and answer any questions, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re not able to make a free day in the future, \u003ca href=\"https://movementgyms.com/first-class-free/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=Search+SanFrancisco&utm_content=153473390569&utm_term=movement%20gym&gad_source=1&gad_campaignid=20318686462&gbraid=0AAAAAoU9BBuQHJLN-4KZvbYNTd31aYI0Q&gclid=CjwKCAjwi-DBBhA5EiwAXOHsGRYldoGYY-wl0P8fRXNV87AhRALCAvIF38nRx2325o-BuGoLezV6uBoCg94QAvD_BwE\">Luna suggested coming out for one of their free introductory courses\u003c/a>, which are offered at each of their Bay Area locations.[aside postID=news_12040961 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-1312721999-1020x680.jpg'] You can sign up for intro bouldering, intro rope climbing or any of their other fitness or yoga classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sport of indoor rock climbing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13969423/sports-dad-rock-climbing-bouldering-parenting\">can be extremely rewarding\u003c/a>, Luna said, especially as you begin to be able to complete routes and execute moves that previously felt impossible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It stokes the fire,” he said. “I was hooked after one climb.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The routes at the gym, Luna said, are set for a wide range of skill levels and heights, so everyone can find a way up the wall that’s comfortable for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Set up for success: \u003c/strong>Luna suggested wearing clothing that’s easy to bend and stretch in for your first time on the wall. If you want to set yourself up for future sessions, consider choosing the intro to rope climbing course to learn how to belay for your friends and get your certification on your next visit, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cost: \u003c/strong>The occasional open days are completely free, including rental gear, as is your first intro class at the gym. You can also sign up for \u003ca href=\"https://movementgyms.com/trial-membership/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=Search+National&utm_content=153473390569&utm_term=movement%20gym&gad_source=1&gad_campaignid=20318686462&gbraid=0AAAAAoU9BBuQHJLN-4KZvbYNTd31aYI0Q&gclid=CjwKCAjwi-DBBhA5EiwAXOHsGRWxc2fxNO_civn1K4O4B2hQdzNJSuq-sxY6sDHI1Uj4QWL9njUb-BoCyjQQAvD_BwE\">two weeks of access to the gym \u003c/a>and rentals for $40 if you’re not ready to commit to a full membership.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Learn how to play \u003ca id=\"Australianfootball\">\u003c/a>Australian football in Oakland and San Francisco\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If team sports are more your speed, consider joining the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ggafl.com/\">Golden Gate Australian Football League.\u003c/a> The sport is much like other field sports, but “a bit more fast and free-flowing,” league President Loren Dawes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the best thing about \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u_SqfNNfhmM\">Aussie rules\u003c/a> is that it’s like a real hybrid of a bunch of other sports,” Dawes said. “So it’s really easy if you’re athletic in any other sport like soccer, basketball, volleyball, ultimate frisbee or rugby. There’s elements in those games that are really going to translate well to Aussie rules.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dawes said the group is always looking for new players, and anyone is welcome to come to any of the three training sessions they host per week across the Bay Area — \u003ca href=\"https://www.ggafl.com/schedule.html\">on Tuesday nights in Oakland, Wednesdays in San Francisco and Thursdays in the South Bay.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, if you like the sport, you can come out for their metro league, where they split off participants into teams and compete in games.[aside postID=news_12040242 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/HENRY-COE-6-KQED-1020x765.jpg']The league also forms more competitive \u003ca href=\"https://www.ggafl.com/womens-league.html\">women’s\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.ggafl.com/mens-league.html\">men’s\u003c/a> teams to compete against other cities across the United States and Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although it is a sport that originated in Australia and it’s not super well known here in the United States, once you discover it, you realize it’s a pretty cool sport to play and also spectate,” Dawes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Set up for success: \u003c/strong>If you decide to come out to a training, there’s no need to let anyone know — just show up. They will provide the footballs, and you can train in running shoes or cleats. Dawes said it may be smart to bring a mouthguard, because the sport does include a fair amount of contact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But “it’s more incidental,” kind of like basketball, she said. Plus, they can modify the training or your participation depending on your comfort level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re more comfortable knowing someone else on the field, bring a friend or reach out via \u003ca href=\"https://www.ggafl.com/contact-us.html\">GGAFL’s interest form\u003c/a> to get in touch with a member. And there’s no real commitment required, either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We wanted to be as accessible as possible,” Dawes said. “People can drop in. If they want to stay for 10 minutes and leave, they can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cost: \u003c/strong>There’s no cost to come out to training. If you decide to join the league more permanently, there are yearly dues that cost $80 to $100 per year for your first year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042565\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-657595064-scaled-e1748986206492.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042565\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-657595064-scaled-e1748986206492.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1298\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scotland players sweep ahead of the stone during their play-off against Sweden at the Women’s Curling World Championships in Beijing on March 25, 2017. \u003ccite>(Photo by GREG BAKER / AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Curling\u003ca id=\"Curling\">\u003c/a> in Silicon Valley\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Did you know you can get out on the ice and \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXHh_wadqPw\">learn the sport of curling\u003c/a> any time of year right here in the Bay Area?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://siliconvalleycurling.com/\">Silicon Valley Curling Club\u003c/a> is \u003ca href=\"https://bayareacurling.com/\">one of a few\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://winecountrycurlingclub.com/\">local clubs\u003c/a> that offer \u003ca href=\"https://siliconvalleycurling.com/ltc/\">introductory courses\u003c/a> to the sport of curling at its San Jose and Fremont locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Curling instructor Jeremy Malerich said the two-hour session starts with some basic skills, like how to slide with the stones, how to sweep and how to communicate with your teammates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By the end of it, we want people to be able to play a game,” Malerich said. “And everybody plays their first game by the end of those two hours.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From there, many curlers can jump straight into \u003ca href=\"https://siliconvalleycurling.com/svccleagues/\">playing in the local leagues,\u003c/a> which are seasonal and held once weekly on weekday nights in San Jose and weekends in Fremont. But if you \u003ca href=\"https://siliconvalleycurling.com/curl/\">want more time to get comfortable\u003c/a> before jumping into a league, the club also offers a second-level class, where the focus is more on balance and strategy.[aside postID=news_12041142 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/super-bloom_golden-poppy_wildflowers_person_california-qut-1020x680.jpg']Plus, SVCC periodically hosts “fun nights” where things are more fluid and anyone can come play — their members range from ages 13 to in their 70s and are of all abilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a game that you can play for the rest of your life,” he said, noting that curling can also be easily adapted to be \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iA27m26nuk8\">played from a wheelchair. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Malerich said inevitably, their intro sessions get \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/127024/wannabe-curlers-hurry-hard-to-bay-area-curling-club-clinics\">more popular around the Winter Olympics\u003c/a>, when the sport is being broadcast prominently on national TV. That’s also when they get the most beginners. But a dedicated curler can get good very quickly, he said, and nobody — even first-timers — ever looks too out of place on the ice. Plus, their social events are open to all, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very traditional to go to the bar together with your opposition after you play,” Malerich said. “Not everybody drinks, but we do like to still hang out together for a bit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Set up for success: \u003c/strong>Make sure you bring layers, because the rink can get cold, Malerich said. Otherwise, you just need athletic clothes and sneakers to get started — the club provides the rest of the equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Malerich said the club always makes sure to match new curlers with more experienced ones for their first season or two to help them develop and learn. During the rush of new players around the Olympics, almost all teams will be a blend of newer and more experienced players, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cost: \u003c/strong>Each intro course costs $40 for the two-hour session. After that, you can choose to \u003ca href=\"https://siliconvalleycurling.com/membership/\">become a member\u003c/a> for an additional fee of $75 per year or \u003ca href=\"https://siliconvalleycurling.com/event/tuesday-summer-2025-san-jose-league-registration-open/\">join a league\u003c/a> for about $40 per game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10467054\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/club-logo-e1748986414993.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10467054\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/club-logo-e1748986414993.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1111\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of the Dolphin Club have been swimming and rowing in the cold waters of the San Francisco Bay for over a century. \u003ccite>(Anya Schultz/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Open water \u003ca id=\"Openwaterswimming\">\u003c/a>swimming in the San Francisco Bay\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Looking to get your feet wet in a slightly more extreme sport this summer? Try open water swimming in the Bay, and consider joining one of several local groups that host formal and informal swims every single week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Aquatic Park are the \u003ca href=\"https://dolphinclub.org/\">Dolphin Club\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://serc.com/swimming\">South End Rowing Club\u003c/a>, where swimmers can be found every morning braving the cold water for an energizing workout. Local triathlon clubs like the \u003ca href=\"https://sftriclub.org/swim\">San Francisco Triathlon Club\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://ggtc.org/swim\">Golden Gate Triathlon Club\u003c/a> also run supervised open water swims each week. Plus, a handful of other informal swims can usually be found at public beaches in Sausalito, Crissy Field and in the East Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sylvia Lacock, co-founder of \u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificswim.co/\">Pacific Open Water Swim Co.\u003c/a>, which runs guided swims in the Bay and in Lake Tahoe, said a sheltered area like Aquatic Park or Crane Cove are great places to get started if you’re new to the sport.\u003ca href=\"https://pacificswimco.substack.com/p/open-water-swimming-safety-guide\">[aside postID=news_11979339 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/03/GettyImages-1853812919_qut-1536x1024.jpg']Just make sure you take into account the wind\u003c/a>, currents and others who may be in your path, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificswim.co/sea-lions-and-seal-risk-in-san-francisco-bay/\">marine life,\u003c/a> boaters or paddlers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lacock’s group also hosts the triathlon clubs’ new swimmer orientation, where they go over conditions, practice breathing in cold water and work on navigation — all skills important to get the hang of before your first open water swim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s highly addictive,” Lacock said. “Some people who come out, they get in the water, and they’re like, ‘I want to do this every day.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Set up for success: \u003c/strong>It’s really important that you’re a confident pool swimmer before attempting open water swimming, Lacock said. Wearing goggles and a bright swim cap is recommended, as is a \u003ca href=\"https://shop.sportsbasement.com/products/safety-buoy?srsltid=AfmBOooCP59PozkO7TMJ8ouyaxQkKjEF3fJRQ0VvZSJvGOAdZeXKhmFJ\">tow float\u003c/a> that attaches to your waist and floats behind you, to keep you visible to boats and others in the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s your responsibility as a swimmer to also make sure that you are checking on their location and making yourself seen,” Lacock said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://pacificswimco.substack.com/p/whats-the-water-temp-a-swimmers-guide?open=false#%C2%A7do-you-need-a-wetsuit\">Many people also choose to wear wetsuits\u003c/a>, but if you go that route, make sure you get one that’s for swimming, Lacock said — or \u003ca href=\"https://shop.sportsbasement.com/pages/wetsuit-rental-rates?srsltid=AfmBOoo3SjqJgyq1wD6cWyI1neJmxbQ1LubJzn6jX5PSZwDDzSKBTENu\">rent one from Sports Basement\u003c/a> or other nearby retailers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lacock said it’s better to start with shorter times in the water, like 10 or 20 minutes for your first few swims to \u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificswim.co/sf-water-temps-for-swimming/\">get used to the cold \u003c/a>and the roughness of the water. If you can’t go with one of the groups, consider bringing a buddy so you can check in on one another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You might feel really good right up until the point you don’t,” Lacock said. “And at that point, it may be too late.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cost: \u003c/strong>While swimming in the Bay is totally free, you might consider becoming a member of one of the local triathlon clubs for around $150 per year. The Dolphin Club and South End Rowing Club also each offer day use passes for $12 on alternating days, giving you access to their facilities for showers and lockers. To get professional instruction on open water swimming, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificswim.co/open-water-swim-clinics/\">Pacific Open Water Swim’s clinic is pricier\u003c/a>, at $150. If you decide the sport is for you, the group offers personalized events and courses to help you get from casual swimming to completing more difficult routes like swims to Alcatraz or to Angel Island and back.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Swing \u003ca id=\"Swingdancing\">\u003c/a>dancing in Golden Gate Park\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://lindyinthepark.com/\">Lindy in the Park,\u003c/a> the free dance session and lesson held each Sunday in San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park, is a completely free and open-to-all event to get your swing on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It doesn’t matter if you’ve been dancing for years or never at all — from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. every Sunday, a DJ, dance instructor and dozens of participants will be out on \u003ca href=\"https://lindyinthepark.com/faq/directions/\">JFK Drive between Eighth and 10th avenues\u003c/a> swinging to the beat. \u003ca href=\"https://lindyinthepark.com/about/free-lesson/\">The dance lesson\u003c/a>, held at noon each Sunday, is just a half hour and will work you up from basic footwork to learning the dance so you can feel confident jumping onto the dance floor. You don’t even have to bring a partner, co-founder and organizer, Kenneth Watanabe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042491\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 978px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/LINDY1-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042491\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/LINDY1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"978\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/LINDY1-KQED.jpg 978w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/LINDY1-KQED-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/LINDY1-KQED-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 978px) 100vw, 978px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dancers practice the Lindy Hop in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco as part of “Lindy in the Park,” a free swing dance lesson offered every Sunday. \u003ccite>(Sentio Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You can just show up by yourself and learn a few steps,” Watanabe said. “It’s a good way to try it out and see if you like it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watanabe and co-founder Chad Kubo \u003ca href=\"https://lindyinthepark.com/about/\">created the group in 1996\u003c/a>, when swing was making a renaissance and the dancing scene in the Bay Area was growing quickly, he said. After someone suggested trying to organize an outside event, Watanabe sent out an email to the around 20 people he knew in the local Lindy Hop community at the time, “and then people just showed up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of my friends brought a boombox and we all met at the bandshell and played CDs,” Watanabe said. “We thought it would be fun just to dance outside.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, the group has grown from a monthly to a weekly event to make it easier to attend — on its busiest days, more than 100 people will be out dancing. Watanabe said, apart from occasional disruptions like Bay to Breakers, assume the dancing is on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Set up for success: \u003c/strong>All you need to get started is comfortable shoes, Watanabe said. Depending on the weather that day, bring layers, as the park can get cold and foggy. And don’t worry about tripping over your own feet: “It’s a really friendly crowd,” Watanabe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JkonZbTj2wE\">“It’s just a happy dance,”\u003c/a> he said. “You’re jumping around, you’re kicking, you’re moving. It is a way to express yourself, it’s a great way to meet people — and the music’s fun.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cost: \u003c/strong>Access to the park and the dance event is completely free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeCeDp_MY_h4G6VWj_-VPl-BJlQ3Uya2H0vxRZZd_47BpXwVA/viewform?embedded=true\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Check out fun things to do in the Bay Area! From archery to rock climbing to swing dancing, get active this weekend with these free or affordable activities.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Taking up a new sport or hobby can be tough on the wallet, especially popular ones here in the Bay Area, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12035335/bay-area-bike-shops-raging-trade-war-brings-uncertain-future\">cycling\u003c/a> or skiing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not every outdoor activity has to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101909839/have-you-been-priced-out-of-a-hobby#:~:text=You've%20probably%20noticed%20that,personal%20fulfillment%20and%20community%20building.\">break the bank\u003c/a> or require \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11985235/sf-born-rock-climber-beth-rodden-shares-triumphs-traumas-in-new-memoir\">hundreds of hours of training \u003c/a>before you feel confident in your skills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your main goal is to get moving — and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11952701/finding-community-in-the-oakland-pickleball-scene\">maybe even to find an active community along the way\u003c/a> — this list of sports taught right here in the Bay Area might be for you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plus, read on for a few keys to success (or at the very least fun and safety) from the teachers themselves and extra information about cost so you know exactly what you’re getting yourself into.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Archery\">Archery\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Indoorrockclimbing\">Indoor rock climbing\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Australianfootball\">Australian football\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Curling\">Curling\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Openwaterswimming\">Open water swimming\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Swingdancing\">Swing dancing\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042489\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/SWIMMING1-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042489\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/SWIMMING1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/SWIMMING1-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/SWIMMING1-KQED-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/SWIMMING1-KQED-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/SWIMMING1-KQED-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/SWIMMING1-KQED-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/SWIMMING1-KQED-1920x1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Open water swimmers travel under the Golden Gate Bridge in the San Francisco Bay on Nov. 2, 2022. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the Pacific Open Water Swim Co.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Bay Area outdoor \u003ca id=\"Archery\">\u003c/a>archery range\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Shooting a bow and arrow might be something you’ve only ever seen on TV or in the movies, but “this isn’t the Olympics,” Bowhunters Unlimited President Debbie Golzen said. “Anyone can do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bhuarchers.org/\">Bowhunters Unlimited\u003c/a>, an all-volunteer group that operates out of \u003ca href=\"https://parks.santaclaracounty.gov/locations/stevens-creek-county-park\">Stevens Creek County Park\u003c/a> in Saratoga, offers beginner lessons, team-building activities, a practice range and a field range with around 30 targets along a 3-mile course to get in a full day of target practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a lesson, participants learn the \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u2-mqV2EV1c\">basics about archery equipment\u003c/a>, safety and shooting form from the training area, where the targets are set close to the shooter and have backstops so you don’t have to chase down your arrows too far, Golzen said. Plus, the lesson area is separated from the regular range so newcomers can take as much time as they need to set up, shoot and retrieve arrows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By the end of your lesson, you will feel confident to continue the sport at your leisure,” Golzen said. “Archery is so simple. If you can play catch with someone with a ball without making them chase that ball all over the place every time you throw it to them, you can shoot an arrow 10 yards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Archery is an age-inclusive sport, too, Golzen said, with some of their oldest members in their 80s. The group attends tournaments that are open to anyone of any skill level, where participants, organized by age, gender and category of shooter, shoot at 3D foam targets that are shaped like animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you make it through all those targets and try, that’s success,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Set up for success: \u003c/strong>Golzen recommends wearing close-toed shoes with some ankle support to the park, and to bring some water. To make shooting easier, wear close-fitted sleeves. All the coaches and the range itself are certified to keep everyone safe. As for gear, they have light bows and arrows available for those taking lessons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you decide to continue pursuing the sport, Golzen recommends \u003ca href=\"https://www.archeryonly.com/\">Archery Only in Newark\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://predatorsarchery.com/?srsltid=AfmBOopFClLD6F0fYmpsVkrdwArqp-3W2wi1TsMnX5yOf44UUpMR677Z\">Predator’s Archery in Gilroy\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificaarchery.com/\">Pacifica Archery in Daly City\u003c/a> to get fitted for and purchase a bow and arrows that are right for you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can’t shoot someone else’s gear,” Golzen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cost: \u003c/strong>There is no fee to use the range, but a $40 yearly membership helps support keeping it open for all. A lesson, \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdAjeoJ8wkVh2zJidoF5rommyraCKjewY_X6EKNqo31rI1ysQ/viewform\">booked through a form\u003c/a> on their website, costs between $20 and $45, depending on how long you’d like and how many people are in your group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042488\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1875px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ARCHERY1-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042488\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ARCHERY1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1875\" height=\"1406\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ARCHERY1-KQED.jpg 1875w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ARCHERY1-KQED-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ARCHERY1-KQED-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ARCHERY1-KQED-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ARCHERY1-KQED-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1875px) 100vw, 1875px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A quiver holds colorful arrows at Bowhunters Unlimited at Stevens Creek Archery Range in Saratoga, Calif., on Oct. 4, 2022. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Debbie Golzen)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Free indoor \u003ca id=\"Indoorrockclimbing\">\u003c/a>rock climbing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Ever considered joining a rock climbing gym, but it all just feels a little too intimidating?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe you tried the sport once or twice as a kid at a birthday party or tagged along with a friend, but never took the leap yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get you started, \u003ca href=\"https://movementgyms.com/\">Movement Gyms’\u003c/a> San Francisco, Belmont, Santa Clara, Sunnyvale and Mountain View \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DJ7tZu6S5T0/\">locations offer periodic free-for-all days\u003c/a> for anyone interested in trying out the sport of indoor rock climbing. The days, which Bay Area district director Joey Luna said the gym hopes to offer a few times per year, include free gear rentals and lessons, and are tailored specifically toward beginners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To help with that, on free days, the gyms are full of extra staff milling around to help participants get started, give pointers on form and answer any questions, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re not able to make a free day in the future, \u003ca href=\"https://movementgyms.com/first-class-free/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=Search+SanFrancisco&utm_content=153473390569&utm_term=movement%20gym&gad_source=1&gad_campaignid=20318686462&gbraid=0AAAAAoU9BBuQHJLN-4KZvbYNTd31aYI0Q&gclid=CjwKCAjwi-DBBhA5EiwAXOHsGRYldoGYY-wl0P8fRXNV87AhRALCAvIF38nRx2325o-BuGoLezV6uBoCg94QAvD_BwE\">Luna suggested coming out for one of their free introductory courses\u003c/a>, which are offered at each of their Bay Area locations.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> You can sign up for intro bouldering, intro rope climbing or any of their other fitness or yoga classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sport of indoor rock climbing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13969423/sports-dad-rock-climbing-bouldering-parenting\">can be extremely rewarding\u003c/a>, Luna said, especially as you begin to be able to complete routes and execute moves that previously felt impossible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It stokes the fire,” he said. “I was hooked after one climb.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The routes at the gym, Luna said, are set for a wide range of skill levels and heights, so everyone can find a way up the wall that’s comfortable for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Set up for success: \u003c/strong>Luna suggested wearing clothing that’s easy to bend and stretch in for your first time on the wall. If you want to set yourself up for future sessions, consider choosing the intro to rope climbing course to learn how to belay for your friends and get your certification on your next visit, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cost: \u003c/strong>The occasional open days are completely free, including rental gear, as is your first intro class at the gym. You can also sign up for \u003ca href=\"https://movementgyms.com/trial-membership/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=Search+National&utm_content=153473390569&utm_term=movement%20gym&gad_source=1&gad_campaignid=20318686462&gbraid=0AAAAAoU9BBuQHJLN-4KZvbYNTd31aYI0Q&gclid=CjwKCAjwi-DBBhA5EiwAXOHsGRWxc2fxNO_civn1K4O4B2hQdzNJSuq-sxY6sDHI1Uj4QWL9njUb-BoCyjQQAvD_BwE\">two weeks of access to the gym \u003c/a>and rentals for $40 if you’re not ready to commit to a full membership.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Learn how to play \u003ca id=\"Australianfootball\">\u003c/a>Australian football in Oakland and San Francisco\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If team sports are more your speed, consider joining the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ggafl.com/\">Golden Gate Australian Football League.\u003c/a> The sport is much like other field sports, but “a bit more fast and free-flowing,” league President Loren Dawes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the best thing about \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u_SqfNNfhmM\">Aussie rules\u003c/a> is that it’s like a real hybrid of a bunch of other sports,” Dawes said. “So it’s really easy if you’re athletic in any other sport like soccer, basketball, volleyball, ultimate frisbee or rugby. There’s elements in those games that are really going to translate well to Aussie rules.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dawes said the group is always looking for new players, and anyone is welcome to come to any of the three training sessions they host per week across the Bay Area — \u003ca href=\"https://www.ggafl.com/schedule.html\">on Tuesday nights in Oakland, Wednesdays in San Francisco and Thursdays in the South Bay.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, if you like the sport, you can come out for their metro league, where they split off participants into teams and compete in games.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The league also forms more competitive \u003ca href=\"https://www.ggafl.com/womens-league.html\">women’s\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.ggafl.com/mens-league.html\">men’s\u003c/a> teams to compete against other cities across the United States and Canada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although it is a sport that originated in Australia and it’s not super well known here in the United States, once you discover it, you realize it’s a pretty cool sport to play and also spectate,” Dawes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Set up for success: \u003c/strong>If you decide to come out to a training, there’s no need to let anyone know — just show up. They will provide the footballs, and you can train in running shoes or cleats. Dawes said it may be smart to bring a mouthguard, because the sport does include a fair amount of contact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But “it’s more incidental,” kind of like basketball, she said. Plus, they can modify the training or your participation depending on your comfort level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re more comfortable knowing someone else on the field, bring a friend or reach out via \u003ca href=\"https://www.ggafl.com/contact-us.html\">GGAFL’s interest form\u003c/a> to get in touch with a member. And there’s no real commitment required, either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We wanted to be as accessible as possible,” Dawes said. “People can drop in. If they want to stay for 10 minutes and leave, they can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cost: \u003c/strong>There’s no cost to come out to training. If you decide to join the league more permanently, there are yearly dues that cost $80 to $100 per year for your first year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042565\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-657595064-scaled-e1748986206492.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042565\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-657595064-scaled-e1748986206492.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1298\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scotland players sweep ahead of the stone during their play-off against Sweden at the Women’s Curling World Championships in Beijing on March 25, 2017. \u003ccite>(Photo by GREG BAKER / AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Curling\u003ca id=\"Curling\">\u003c/a> in Silicon Valley\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Did you know you can get out on the ice and \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXHh_wadqPw\">learn the sport of curling\u003c/a> any time of year right here in the Bay Area?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://siliconvalleycurling.com/\">Silicon Valley Curling Club\u003c/a> is \u003ca href=\"https://bayareacurling.com/\">one of a few\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://winecountrycurlingclub.com/\">local clubs\u003c/a> that offer \u003ca href=\"https://siliconvalleycurling.com/ltc/\">introductory courses\u003c/a> to the sport of curling at its San Jose and Fremont locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Curling instructor Jeremy Malerich said the two-hour session starts with some basic skills, like how to slide with the stones, how to sweep and how to communicate with your teammates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By the end of it, we want people to be able to play a game,” Malerich said. “And everybody plays their first game by the end of those two hours.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From there, many curlers can jump straight into \u003ca href=\"https://siliconvalleycurling.com/svccleagues/\">playing in the local leagues,\u003c/a> which are seasonal and held once weekly on weekday nights in San Jose and weekends in Fremont. But if you \u003ca href=\"https://siliconvalleycurling.com/curl/\">want more time to get comfortable\u003c/a> before jumping into a league, the club also offers a second-level class, where the focus is more on balance and strategy.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Plus, SVCC periodically hosts “fun nights” where things are more fluid and anyone can come play — their members range from ages 13 to in their 70s and are of all abilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a game that you can play for the rest of your life,” he said, noting that curling can also be easily adapted to be \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iA27m26nuk8\">played from a wheelchair. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Malerich said inevitably, their intro sessions get \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/127024/wannabe-curlers-hurry-hard-to-bay-area-curling-club-clinics\">more popular around the Winter Olympics\u003c/a>, when the sport is being broadcast prominently on national TV. That’s also when they get the most beginners. But a dedicated curler can get good very quickly, he said, and nobody — even first-timers — ever looks too out of place on the ice. Plus, their social events are open to all, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very traditional to go to the bar together with your opposition after you play,” Malerich said. “Not everybody drinks, but we do like to still hang out together for a bit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Set up for success: \u003c/strong>Make sure you bring layers, because the rink can get cold, Malerich said. Otherwise, you just need athletic clothes and sneakers to get started — the club provides the rest of the equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Malerich said the club always makes sure to match new curlers with more experienced ones for their first season or two to help them develop and learn. During the rush of new players around the Olympics, almost all teams will be a blend of newer and more experienced players, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cost: \u003c/strong>Each intro course costs $40 for the two-hour session. After that, you can choose to \u003ca href=\"https://siliconvalleycurling.com/membership/\">become a member\u003c/a> for an additional fee of $75 per year or \u003ca href=\"https://siliconvalleycurling.com/event/tuesday-summer-2025-san-jose-league-registration-open/\">join a league\u003c/a> for about $40 per game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10467054\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/club-logo-e1748986414993.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10467054\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/club-logo-e1748986414993.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1111\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of the Dolphin Club have been swimming and rowing in the cold waters of the San Francisco Bay for over a century. \u003ccite>(Anya Schultz/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Open water \u003ca id=\"Openwaterswimming\">\u003c/a>swimming in the San Francisco Bay\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Looking to get your feet wet in a slightly more extreme sport this summer? Try open water swimming in the Bay, and consider joining one of several local groups that host formal and informal swims every single week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Aquatic Park are the \u003ca href=\"https://dolphinclub.org/\">Dolphin Club\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://serc.com/swimming\">South End Rowing Club\u003c/a>, where swimmers can be found every morning braving the cold water for an energizing workout. Local triathlon clubs like the \u003ca href=\"https://sftriclub.org/swim\">San Francisco Triathlon Club\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://ggtc.org/swim\">Golden Gate Triathlon Club\u003c/a> also run supervised open water swims each week. Plus, a handful of other informal swims can usually be found at public beaches in Sausalito, Crissy Field and in the East Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sylvia Lacock, co-founder of \u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificswim.co/\">Pacific Open Water Swim Co.\u003c/a>, which runs guided swims in the Bay and in Lake Tahoe, said a sheltered area like Aquatic Park or Crane Cove are great places to get started if you’re new to the sport.\u003ca href=\"https://pacificswimco.substack.com/p/open-water-swimming-safety-guide\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Just make sure you take into account the wind\u003c/a>, currents and others who may be in your path, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificswim.co/sea-lions-and-seal-risk-in-san-francisco-bay/\">marine life,\u003c/a> boaters or paddlers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lacock’s group also hosts the triathlon clubs’ new swimmer orientation, where they go over conditions, practice breathing in cold water and work on navigation — all skills important to get the hang of before your first open water swim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s highly addictive,” Lacock said. “Some people who come out, they get in the water, and they’re like, ‘I want to do this every day.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Set up for success: \u003c/strong>It’s really important that you’re a confident pool swimmer before attempting open water swimming, Lacock said. Wearing goggles and a bright swim cap is recommended, as is a \u003ca href=\"https://shop.sportsbasement.com/products/safety-buoy?srsltid=AfmBOooCP59PozkO7TMJ8ouyaxQkKjEF3fJRQ0VvZSJvGOAdZeXKhmFJ\">tow float\u003c/a> that attaches to your waist and floats behind you, to keep you visible to boats and others in the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s your responsibility as a swimmer to also make sure that you are checking on their location and making yourself seen,” Lacock said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://pacificswimco.substack.com/p/whats-the-water-temp-a-swimmers-guide?open=false#%C2%A7do-you-need-a-wetsuit\">Many people also choose to wear wetsuits\u003c/a>, but if you go that route, make sure you get one that’s for swimming, Lacock said — or \u003ca href=\"https://shop.sportsbasement.com/pages/wetsuit-rental-rates?srsltid=AfmBOoo3SjqJgyq1wD6cWyI1neJmxbQ1LubJzn6jX5PSZwDDzSKBTENu\">rent one from Sports Basement\u003c/a> or other nearby retailers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lacock said it’s better to start with shorter times in the water, like 10 or 20 minutes for your first few swims to \u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificswim.co/sf-water-temps-for-swimming/\">get used to the cold \u003c/a>and the roughness of the water. If you can’t go with one of the groups, consider bringing a buddy so you can check in on one another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You might feel really good right up until the point you don’t,” Lacock said. “And at that point, it may be too late.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cost: \u003c/strong>While swimming in the Bay is totally free, you might consider becoming a member of one of the local triathlon clubs for around $150 per year. The Dolphin Club and South End Rowing Club also each offer day use passes for $12 on alternating days, giving you access to their facilities for showers and lockers. To get professional instruction on open water swimming, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificswim.co/open-water-swim-clinics/\">Pacific Open Water Swim’s clinic is pricier\u003c/a>, at $150. If you decide the sport is for you, the group offers personalized events and courses to help you get from casual swimming to completing more difficult routes like swims to Alcatraz or to Angel Island and back.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Swing \u003ca id=\"Swingdancing\">\u003c/a>dancing in Golden Gate Park\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://lindyinthepark.com/\">Lindy in the Park,\u003c/a> the free dance session and lesson held each Sunday in San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park, is a completely free and open-to-all event to get your swing on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It doesn’t matter if you’ve been dancing for years or never at all — from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. every Sunday, a DJ, dance instructor and dozens of participants will be out on \u003ca href=\"https://lindyinthepark.com/faq/directions/\">JFK Drive between Eighth and 10th avenues\u003c/a> swinging to the beat. \u003ca href=\"https://lindyinthepark.com/about/free-lesson/\">The dance lesson\u003c/a>, held at noon each Sunday, is just a half hour and will work you up from basic footwork to learning the dance so you can feel confident jumping onto the dance floor. You don’t even have to bring a partner, co-founder and organizer, Kenneth Watanabe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042491\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 978px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/LINDY1-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042491\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/LINDY1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"978\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/LINDY1-KQED.jpg 978w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/LINDY1-KQED-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/LINDY1-KQED-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 978px) 100vw, 978px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dancers practice the Lindy Hop in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco as part of “Lindy in the Park,” a free swing dance lesson offered every Sunday. \u003ccite>(Sentio Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You can just show up by yourself and learn a few steps,” Watanabe said. “It’s a good way to try it out and see if you like it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watanabe and co-founder Chad Kubo \u003ca href=\"https://lindyinthepark.com/about/\">created the group in 1996\u003c/a>, when swing was making a renaissance and the dancing scene in the Bay Area was growing quickly, he said. After someone suggested trying to organize an outside event, Watanabe sent out an email to the around 20 people he knew in the local Lindy Hop community at the time, “and then people just showed up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of my friends brought a boombox and we all met at the bandshell and played CDs,” Watanabe said. “We thought it would be fun just to dance outside.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, the group has grown from a monthly to a weekly event to make it easier to attend — on its busiest days, more than 100 people will be out dancing. Watanabe said, apart from occasional disruptions like Bay to Breakers, assume the dancing is on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Set up for success: \u003c/strong>All you need to get started is comfortable shoes, Watanabe said. Depending on the weather that day, bring layers, as the park can get cold and foggy. And don’t worry about tripping over your own feet: “It’s a really friendly crowd,” Watanabe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JkonZbTj2wE\">“It’s just a happy dance,”\u003c/a> he said. “You’re jumping around, you’re kicking, you’re moving. It is a way to express yourself, it’s a great way to meet people — and the music’s fun.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cost: \u003c/strong>Access to the park and the dance event is completely free.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe\n src='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeCeDp_MY_h4G6VWj_-VPl-BJlQ3Uya2H0vxRZZd_47BpXwVA/viewform?embedded=true?embedded=true'\n title='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeCeDp_MY_h4G6VWj_-VPl-BJlQ3Uya2H0vxRZZd_47BpXwVA/viewform?embedded=true'\n width='760' height='500'\n frameborder='0'\n marginheight='0' marginwidth='0'>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "what-is-that-massive-tunnel-on-the-beach-south-of-fort-funston",
"title": "What Is That Massive Tunnel on the Beach South of Fort Funston?",
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"headTitle": "What Is That Massive Tunnel on the Beach South of Fort Funston? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"#A\">View the full episode transcript.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The beach just south of Fort Funston looks like many in Northern California: a wide swath of sand stretches to the surf on one side, while on the other, steep sandy bluffs with succulents rise above. But walking along \u003ca href=\"https://www.californiabeaches.com/beach/phillip-burton-memorial-beach/\">Phillip Burton Memorial Beach\u003c/a>, sandwiched between Fort Funston and Thornton Beach access points, walkers may notice something unusual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousbug]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a tunnel coming out of the hillside in the middle of the beach, kind of not close to anything,” said Francisco Alvarado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alvarado spotted this mysterious tunnel one day while walking his chihuahua, Little Bean, on the beach. The opening is etched into the cliff, with its floor at about head height. When Alvarado climbed up to look inside, he realized the tunnel was big, about three feet across. The roof was smooth and flat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just a very mysterious tunnel and I want to know what it was used for,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Near the tunnel, old wood pilings jut out of the ocean. They look like the remnants of a pier, so Alvarado wondered if this tunnel could be from an old train line. Or, maybe it’s got something to do with drainage?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Finding the tunnel\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>To get to the bottom of this tunnel mystery, I enlist Katryn Wiese, a professor of geology, oceanography and paleontology at College of San Mateo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s very familiar with this beach and regularly brings her students here on field trips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically this whole section of the coastline is very soft rock and it slides all the time,” says Wiese, in reference to \u003ca href=\"https://baynature.org/article/down-to-the-sea-again/\">the section of beach between San Francisco and Pacifica\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says most people are unaware of the landslide risk, and don’t know that beaches like this can change with the seasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041385\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041385\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250228_TUNNEL_DMB_0090-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250228_TUNNEL_DMB_0090-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250228_TUNNEL_DMB_0090-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250228_TUNNEL_DMB_0090-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250228_TUNNEL_DMB_0090-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250228_TUNNEL_DMB_0090-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250228_TUNNEL_DMB_0090-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Philip Burton Memorial Beach in San Francisco, on Friday, Feb. 28, 2025. \u003ccite>(David Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“So the sand piles up in the summer, and then throughout the winter, the heavier waves start excavating it,” pulling the sand back out to the ocean and uncovering rocks hidden below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means spring is the best time to see hidden treasures embedded in the rock cliff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s all these beautiful fossil-rich rocks right at the base of the cliff” on the north side of the stairs that take you down to the beach from the main Fort Funston parking lot, she said. “But you only can see them in the spring. Otherwise they’re covered with sand.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you look closely at the bottom of the cliff there, you can see clam fossils dating back almost a million years, Wiese says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I meet Wiese at low tide, the best time to see as much of the rocky cliff as possible and hopefully reveal more clues about what this tunnel might be. We walk south down the beach in search of the mysterious tunnel. In the distance, the wood pilings Alvarado described poke out of the surf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then, we see it: a dark, cavernous opening in a part of the cliffside that juts out further than the rest. With our feet in the beach sand, looking up at the cliff, we see several layers of rock. The lowest layer is dark red and provides a slope we can climb up, like a welcome mat at the cliff’s base.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12032817\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12032817\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/250320-THORNTONBEACH-12-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/250320-THORNTONBEACH-12-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/250320-THORNTONBEACH-12-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/250320-THORNTONBEACH-12-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/250320-THORNTONBEACH-12-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/250320-THORNTONBEACH-12-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/250320-THORNTONBEACH-12-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A group of people pass by a tunnel entrance covered in rocks at Phillip Burton Memorial Beach, located between Thornton State Beach and Fort Funston Beach, in San Francisco on March 21, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Whenever something sticks out on a coastline, away from everything else, it’s because it’s made of more resistant rock,” Wiese explains. “As the waves come in, they’re going to naturally excavate the softest stuff [and] leave the hardest stuff behind.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While all the rock in this region is fairly sandy, some of it is denser because it was compressed over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She points out three distinct types of rock in front of us. They look like a layer cake, with the tunnel carved into the middle tier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tunnel’s mouth has partially caved in, so we scramble closer for a better view.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041336\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1333px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041336\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1333\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL1-KQED.jpg 1333w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL1-KQED-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL1-KQED-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL1-KQED-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL1-KQED-1024x1536.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1333px) 100vw, 1333px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A large tunnel in the cliffside is visible from Phillip Burton Memorial Beach, just south of Fort Funston. When this photo was taken, on May 5, 2024, the tunnel mouth was unobstructed. Later, a cave-in would partially block the opening. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Francisco Alvarado)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>We see round marks on the sides of the tunnel’s entrance, like someone took a large ice cream scooper to the walls. Wiese says that it looks like the work of a human — she’s seen similar markings at man-made tunnels near Sutro Baths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she’s puzzled by how large the tunnel is — not likely the work of locals out for some fun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we peer into the tunnel, it’s hard to see where, or if, it stops. So, I climb over the cave-in and slide down a short drop into the tunnel, where the crashing wave sounds from outside are much quieter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several feet inside, the walls of the tunnel are round and smooth. I can stand — hunched over — near the mouth, but as I go deeper into the cliffside, the tunnel narrows and I drop to my hands and knees. The tunnel’s end is roughly 30 feet from its start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041382\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041382\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/IMG_5487-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/IMG_5487-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/IMG_5487-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/IMG_5487-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/IMG_5487-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/IMG_5487-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/IMG_5487-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bay Curious producer and editor Katrina Schwartz took her microphone into a tunnel on Phillip Burton Memorial Beach to see how far back it goes. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Katryn Wiese)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041409\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041409\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2500\" height=\"833\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage.jpg 2500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-800x267.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1020x340.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1536x512.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-2048x682.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1920x640.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A tunnel on Philip Burton Memorial Beach seen from the beach (right) and up close (left) in San Francisco, on Friday, Feb. 28, 2025. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The tale of a beach over time\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Wiese immediately had a theory about the tunnel’s origins, but wanted to check it by looking at older photos of the same spot. She clicked through the many she’s taken when she brings her students there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The tunnel was not there back in 2021,” she said. But she does spot it in her 2024 photos, and believes it probably started to form naturally in 2022 or 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I saw how smooth the inside was, and I felt the rock is very, very soft, I realized that the waves have actually been smoothing it out throughout this storm season,” Wiese said. “If the waves have a hole and they can go in it, they’re gonna just start digging that hole deeper and deeper. That is a typical aspect of coastal erosion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041337\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1333px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041337\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL2-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1333\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL2-KQED.jpg 1333w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL2-KQED-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL2-KQED-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL2-KQED-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL2-KQED-1024x1536.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1333px) 100vw, 1333px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A large tunnel in the cliffside is visible from Phillip Burton Memorial Beach, just south of Fort Funston, May 5, 2024. After this photo was taken, a cave-in made the tunnel less accessible. (Courtesy Francisco Alvarado) \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Francisco Alvarado)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In one photo from January 2021, she pointed out where the first small indentation began. Over several winters, heavy waves battered the same spot in a soft rock layer, gradually excavating it, and creating the startlingly large tunnel I scurried through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s excavating this softer layer, which is between two harder layers,” Wiese said. “That’s not a thin layer, it’s about 6 or 7 feet tall, so you get a large tunnel.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, there were no pirate lairs, no long lost railroad tunnel used to smuggle Prohibition-era booze into San Francisco (I know you were thinking it). But the tunnel’s builder — the ocean — was an equally surprising culprit. It reminds us that the beach is constantly changing. Maybe the next time Alvarado walks Little Bean here, there will be no tunnel at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"A\">\u003c/a>Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> Francisco Alvarado likes to walk his Chihuahua, Little Bean, on the beach near Fort Funston, right on the border with Daly City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Francisco Alvarado: \u003c/strong>He is 13 years old. Brown big ears and we’ve been going to the beach his entire life, but he loves it down there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>One day, they strolled along a beach that will look familiar to Northern Californians: dramatic bluffs covered in sand and succulents. But then, Francisco saw something unusual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Francisco Alvarado: \u003c/strong>It’s a tunnel coming out of the hillside in the middle of the beach, kind of not close to anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>If you stand on the beach at low tide, with your back to the ocean, he says you’ll see this elevated cave-like thing in the middle of a cliff. Its floor is around head-height. He climbed up to get a better look inside. It was bigger than he thought, maybe 3-feet wide, and it’s roof is smooth and flat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Francisco Alvarado: \u003c/strong>It’s just a very mysterious tunnel and I want to know what it was used for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Since Francisco first saw this tunnel, his curiosity has consumed him. And he’s got some guesses about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Francisco Alvarado: \u003c/strong>And it has some, like, poles or maybe we used to be a platform on, on the beach. I think the tunnel is like an old train tunnel or something from way back in the day. My sister who was with me that day, she thinks it’s an old like a storm drain runoff or something.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme starts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>So we’ve got some theories. Today on Bay Curious we’ll visit Phillip Burton Memorial Beach, as it’s technically called, to see if we can find clues that tell us more about this mysterious tunnel. I’m Katrina Schwartz, you’re listening to Bay Curious. Stay with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Today we’re on a mission to find out more about a large tunnel carved into a cliff on the beach between Fort Funston and Thornton Beach. \u003cem>(Sounds of the beach) \u003c/em>To find some answers, I meet up with Katryn Wiese, a geology professor at College of San Mateo. We start at the large Fort Funston parking lot and pick our way down what looks to me like a huge sandy cliff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>We’re walking down the massive landslide that is Fort Funston. So this, up at the top there, was the original surface of this cliff, and this whole area we’re walking down here was a big landslide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>There are logs hammered into the slope — almost like a ladder — to help hikers navigate the sliding sand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>Basically this whole section of the coastline is very soft rock and it slides all the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Katryn tells me this beach can change dramatically depending on the season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese:\u003c/strong> So the sand piles up in the summer, and then throughout the winter, the heavier waves start excavating it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>That means there are hidden treasures here that can only be seen at certain times of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>Back where we first came in at Fort Funston, there’s all these beautiful fossil-rich rocks right at the base of the cliff. But you only can see them in the spring. otherwise they’re covered with sand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Look closely at the bottom of the cliff and you can see clam fossils dating back almost a million years, Katryn says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But today, we’re on the hunt for a tunnel, not fossils. Neither Katryn nor I have seen this tunnel yet, so as we amble south down the beach we keep our eyes peeled for what Francisco described.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz (in tape):\u003c/strong> I wonder if this is it coming up\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>Let’s take a look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>It’s definitely the right place. Francisco told us to look for two things: wood pilings sticking out of the nearby surf, and a cliff that juts farther into the Pacific than surrounding bluffs. Katryn and I walk over to get a closer look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>When you touch it, what do you feel?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz (in tape): \u003c/strong>It’s pretty hard and it’s definitely very rough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>What grain size would you associate with that?\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz (in tape): \u003c/strong>Feels like sand to me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>It’s very sandy, isn’t it? Yeah, so this is a sandstone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Little sand particles brush off when we rub the stone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>So whenever something sticks out on a coastline, away from everything else, it’s because it’s made of more resistant rock. So as the waves come in, they’re going to naturally excavate the softest stuff, leave the hardest stuff behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Katryn says with soft rock like this, any little divet in the surface of the bluff can quickly become larger as the waves crash against it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>When the waves come in they’re going hit that same indentation. It’s going to funnel the water into that indentation. And it’s just going to get deeper and deeper and deeper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Looking up the cliff, we spot it! The mouth of the tunnel is barely visible about eight feet off the sand where we stand. When Francisco first saw it, the opening was much more obvious, but since then it looks like the mouth of the tunnel has collapsed, partially blocking the entrance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>I’m going to go up and take a look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>We climb up a rocky shelf that gets us close enough to peer in, over the sandy rubble. It really is big — large enough for me to stand up hunched over. And it’s deep. We debate whether it’s safe to go inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz (in tape): \u003c/strong>Well, and it certainly goes back, I mean, 12, 15 feet, from what we can even see. So, like, if you were 15 feet back and then it caved in, that would be really bad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>It’s so tempting, though. And it’s not so much that I’m worried about the tunnel caving in. I’m worried about the collapse of the entrance. So this collapsed, we don’t know when, but it was recent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Katryn admits to being let’s say \u003cem>wary\u003c/em> of confined spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>You need to get someone who’s braver than me, because I don’t want to go back in there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>But the allure of solving this mystery is just too much for me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz (in tape): \u003c/strong>I’m going into this tunnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>I hand Katryn my backpack and clutch my recorder as I climb over the cave-in and slide down several feet of sand into near darkness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz (in tape): \u003c/strong>Ok, so I’m down in here. You can hear it’s a lot quieter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>It looks like someone has used a big ice cream scoop on the side of the tunnel near the entrance. The marks look similar to ones in a tunnel from the 1800s at Sutro Baths, so Katryn’s wondering if this tunnel really could be from back then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz (in tape): \u003c/strong>I’m going to go a little further back and see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>But further in, the sides of the tunnel are smooth, a strike against the 1800s theory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz (in tape): \u003c/strong>It gets smaller and smaller. I think it only goes 20 or 30 feet back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>I also noticed that although the sides of the tunnel are round and smooth, the top is flat, so from the outside, the tunnel opening looks something like a trapezoid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz (in tape): \u003c/strong>The top is a little flatter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese:\u003c/strong> I’m noticing that too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>By this time, I’d been in the tunnel for five or six minutes and to be honest, I got a little spooked. I figured the less time in there the better and made my way out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>I’m glad you did it. It needed to be done. Nice one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>After examining the rock formation up close — and taking photos of me inside it — Katryn heads back to her computer. She wants to compare today’s shots with some photographs she’s taken of the same spot on the beach going back several years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later, I hopped on a call to talk about what she’d found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>The tunnel was not there back in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>So just four years ago, there was no tunnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>And it does appear a year ago in ’24. You know, somewhere around ’23, probably year ’22–’23 is when it started to get excavated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>That means it’s probably not an old tunnel from the 1800s. And there isn’t a lot of evidence for it being a drainage outlet either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>But then when I saw how smooth the inside was, and of course, how I felt the rock is very, very soft, I realized that, well, the waves have actually been smoothing it out throughout this storm season. And of course if the waves have a hole and they can go in it, they’re gonna just start digging that hole deeper and deeper. That is a typical aspect of coastal erosion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>And in the winter, those waves are especially powerful, reaching all the way up to, and inside of, the tunnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From a photo she took in January of 2021, Katryn can even see where she thinks the first indentation started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>There’s no tunnel yet, but there’s more rock on the top of it right here. But you can kind of see what looks like a little bit of an indentation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>But why is the roof so perfectly flat? The geologist has an explanation for that too. The cliff is composed of different layers of rock. The layer just above the cave is dense, but the ocean has scoured away with the rock below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>So, it’s because it’s excavating this softer layer, which is between two harder layers. And it just so happens that’s not a thin layer, it’s about six or seven feet tall, so you get a large tunnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>The marks at the opening of the tunnel that made Katryn originally think humans might have dug it — those ice cream scoops — likely are the work of curious people. But they probably didn’t dig the whole tunnel, they just widened the mouth. Their digging may have even caused the cave-in we saw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>And it ends up being a natural answer, which is sort of what you would have guessed from the beginning, but it’s nice to have it confirmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>I know, I was hoping this cave was some kind of secret rumrunners tunnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the truth is more surprising in some ways. In a few more years this massive tunnel might no longer exist. As landslides shift the cliffs and strong waves buffet them, this beach is constantly changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the next time Francisco brings his dog Little Bean to walk here, it could look completely different.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If listening to this story really made you want to see what this tunnel looks like for yourself, go check out our website … kqed.org/bay curious. We’ll put a link in our show notes too. We’ve got photos of what the tunnel looked like when Francisco saw it AND ones from after the cave in, when I was there. Honestly, it’s pretty cool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanks to Francisco for asking this week’s question. It actually won a Bay Curious voting round. And we’ve got three new questions up on our website now, ready for you to go vote. Here are your options:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Question 1: \u003c/strong>The Nimitz House — an abandoned, but still-stunning 6,000 square foot mansion located literally under the Bay Bridge on Yerba Buena — is something even long-time San Francisco residents know nothing about. What’s the story of the mansion?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Question 2:\u003c/strong> What were the navigational trees in Oakland and how did they help sailors avoid Blossom Rock in the bay? And also, what’s the story of Blossom Rock being blown up?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Question 3:\u003c/strong> What the story with the “art” (read: eyesore) installation just west of the Ferry Building in San Francisco? It’s the large concrete structure with flowing, moldy mildew water (on Google maps it’s called the Vaillancourt Fountain).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> Head over to kqed dot org slash bay curious to cast your vote. And, while you’re there, scroll down a little ways and sign up for our newsletter. We only send it once and month and in it we answer even more of your questions!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Francisco Alvarado:\u003c/strong> Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member-supported KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> Our show is produced by Gabriela Glueck, Christopher Beale and me, Katrina Schwartz. With extra support from Conner, Vicky Chung, Mark Jones, Alana Walker, Maha Sanad, Katie Springer, Jen Chien, Holly Kernan and everyone at team KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some members of the KQED podcast team are represented by The Screen Actors Guild, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists. San Francisco Northern California Local.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Have a great week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "There’s a tunnel large enough for a human to stand up in on a Daly City beach just south of San Francisco’s Fort Funston. How did it get there?",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"#A\">View the full episode transcript.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The beach just south of Fort Funston looks like many in Northern California: a wide swath of sand stretches to the surf on one side, while on the other, steep sandy bluffs with succulents rise above. But walking along \u003ca href=\"https://www.californiabeaches.com/beach/phillip-burton-memorial-beach/\">Phillip Burton Memorial Beach\u003c/a>, sandwiched between Fort Funston and Thornton Beach access points, walkers may notice something unusual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a tunnel coming out of the hillside in the middle of the beach, kind of not close to anything,” said Francisco Alvarado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alvarado spotted this mysterious tunnel one day while walking his chihuahua, Little Bean, on the beach. The opening is etched into the cliff, with its floor at about head height. When Alvarado climbed up to look inside, he realized the tunnel was big, about three feet across. The roof was smooth and flat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just a very mysterious tunnel and I want to know what it was used for,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Near the tunnel, old wood pilings jut out of the ocean. They look like the remnants of a pier, so Alvarado wondered if this tunnel could be from an old train line. Or, maybe it’s got something to do with drainage?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Finding the tunnel\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>To get to the bottom of this tunnel mystery, I enlist Katryn Wiese, a professor of geology, oceanography and paleontology at College of San Mateo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s very familiar with this beach and regularly brings her students here on field trips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Basically this whole section of the coastline is very soft rock and it slides all the time,” says Wiese, in reference to \u003ca href=\"https://baynature.org/article/down-to-the-sea-again/\">the section of beach between San Francisco and Pacifica\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says most people are unaware of the landslide risk, and don’t know that beaches like this can change with the seasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041385\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041385\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250228_TUNNEL_DMB_0090-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250228_TUNNEL_DMB_0090-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250228_TUNNEL_DMB_0090-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250228_TUNNEL_DMB_0090-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250228_TUNNEL_DMB_0090-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250228_TUNNEL_DMB_0090-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250228_TUNNEL_DMB_0090-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Philip Burton Memorial Beach in San Francisco, on Friday, Feb. 28, 2025. \u003ccite>(David Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“So the sand piles up in the summer, and then throughout the winter, the heavier waves start excavating it,” pulling the sand back out to the ocean and uncovering rocks hidden below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means spring is the best time to see hidden treasures embedded in the rock cliff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s all these beautiful fossil-rich rocks right at the base of the cliff” on the north side of the stairs that take you down to the beach from the main Fort Funston parking lot, she said. “But you only can see them in the spring. Otherwise they’re covered with sand.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you look closely at the bottom of the cliff there, you can see clam fossils dating back almost a million years, Wiese says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I meet Wiese at low tide, the best time to see as much of the rocky cliff as possible and hopefully reveal more clues about what this tunnel might be. We walk south down the beach in search of the mysterious tunnel. In the distance, the wood pilings Alvarado described poke out of the surf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then, we see it: a dark, cavernous opening in a part of the cliffside that juts out further than the rest. With our feet in the beach sand, looking up at the cliff, we see several layers of rock. The lowest layer is dark red and provides a slope we can climb up, like a welcome mat at the cliff’s base.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12032817\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12032817\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/250320-THORNTONBEACH-12-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/250320-THORNTONBEACH-12-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/250320-THORNTONBEACH-12-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/250320-THORNTONBEACH-12-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/250320-THORNTONBEACH-12-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/250320-THORNTONBEACH-12-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/250320-THORNTONBEACH-12-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A group of people pass by a tunnel entrance covered in rocks at Phillip Burton Memorial Beach, located between Thornton State Beach and Fort Funston Beach, in San Francisco on March 21, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Whenever something sticks out on a coastline, away from everything else, it’s because it’s made of more resistant rock,” Wiese explains. “As the waves come in, they’re going to naturally excavate the softest stuff [and] leave the hardest stuff behind.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While all the rock in this region is fairly sandy, some of it is denser because it was compressed over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She points out three distinct types of rock in front of us. They look like a layer cake, with the tunnel carved into the middle tier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tunnel’s mouth has partially caved in, so we scramble closer for a better view.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041336\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1333px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041336\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1333\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL1-KQED.jpg 1333w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL1-KQED-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL1-KQED-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL1-KQED-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL1-KQED-1024x1536.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1333px) 100vw, 1333px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A large tunnel in the cliffside is visible from Phillip Burton Memorial Beach, just south of Fort Funston. When this photo was taken, on May 5, 2024, the tunnel mouth was unobstructed. Later, a cave-in would partially block the opening. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Francisco Alvarado)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>We see round marks on the sides of the tunnel’s entrance, like someone took a large ice cream scooper to the walls. Wiese says that it looks like the work of a human — she’s seen similar markings at man-made tunnels near Sutro Baths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she’s puzzled by how large the tunnel is — not likely the work of locals out for some fun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we peer into the tunnel, it’s hard to see where, or if, it stops. So, I climb over the cave-in and slide down a short drop into the tunnel, where the crashing wave sounds from outside are much quieter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several feet inside, the walls of the tunnel are round and smooth. I can stand — hunched over — near the mouth, but as I go deeper into the cliffside, the tunnel narrows and I drop to my hands and knees. The tunnel’s end is roughly 30 feet from its start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041382\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041382\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/IMG_5487-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/IMG_5487-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/IMG_5487-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/IMG_5487-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/IMG_5487-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/IMG_5487-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/IMG_5487-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bay Curious producer and editor Katrina Schwartz took her microphone into a tunnel on Phillip Burton Memorial Beach to see how far back it goes. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Katryn Wiese)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041409\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041409\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2500\" height=\"833\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage.jpg 2500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-800x267.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1020x340.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1536x512.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-2048x682.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1920x640.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A tunnel on Philip Burton Memorial Beach seen from the beach (right) and up close (left) in San Francisco, on Friday, Feb. 28, 2025. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The tale of a beach over time\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Wiese immediately had a theory about the tunnel’s origins, but wanted to check it by looking at older photos of the same spot. She clicked through the many she’s taken when she brings her students there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The tunnel was not there back in 2021,” she said. But she does spot it in her 2024 photos, and believes it probably started to form naturally in 2022 or 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I saw how smooth the inside was, and I felt the rock is very, very soft, I realized that the waves have actually been smoothing it out throughout this storm season,” Wiese said. “If the waves have a hole and they can go in it, they’re gonna just start digging that hole deeper and deeper. That is a typical aspect of coastal erosion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041337\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1333px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041337\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL2-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1333\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL2-KQED.jpg 1333w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL2-KQED-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL2-KQED-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL2-KQED-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/THORNTONBEACHTUNNEL2-KQED-1024x1536.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1333px) 100vw, 1333px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A large tunnel in the cliffside is visible from Phillip Burton Memorial Beach, just south of Fort Funston, May 5, 2024. After this photo was taken, a cave-in made the tunnel less accessible. (Courtesy Francisco Alvarado) \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Francisco Alvarado)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In one photo from January 2021, she pointed out where the first small indentation began. Over several winters, heavy waves battered the same spot in a soft rock layer, gradually excavating it, and creating the startlingly large tunnel I scurried through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s excavating this softer layer, which is between two harder layers,” Wiese said. “That’s not a thin layer, it’s about 6 or 7 feet tall, so you get a large tunnel.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, there were no pirate lairs, no long lost railroad tunnel used to smuggle Prohibition-era booze into San Francisco (I know you were thinking it). But the tunnel’s builder — the ocean — was an equally surprising culprit. It reminds us that the beach is constantly changing. Maybe the next time Alvarado walks Little Bean here, there will be no tunnel at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"A\">\u003c/a>Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> Francisco Alvarado likes to walk his Chihuahua, Little Bean, on the beach near Fort Funston, right on the border with Daly City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Francisco Alvarado: \u003c/strong>He is 13 years old. Brown big ears and we’ve been going to the beach his entire life, but he loves it down there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>One day, they strolled along a beach that will look familiar to Northern Californians: dramatic bluffs covered in sand and succulents. But then, Francisco saw something unusual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Francisco Alvarado: \u003c/strong>It’s a tunnel coming out of the hillside in the middle of the beach, kind of not close to anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>If you stand on the beach at low tide, with your back to the ocean, he says you’ll see this elevated cave-like thing in the middle of a cliff. Its floor is around head-height. He climbed up to get a better look inside. It was bigger than he thought, maybe 3-feet wide, and it’s roof is smooth and flat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Francisco Alvarado: \u003c/strong>It’s just a very mysterious tunnel and I want to know what it was used for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Since Francisco first saw this tunnel, his curiosity has consumed him. And he’s got some guesses about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Francisco Alvarado: \u003c/strong>And it has some, like, poles or maybe we used to be a platform on, on the beach. I think the tunnel is like an old train tunnel or something from way back in the day. My sister who was with me that day, she thinks it’s an old like a storm drain runoff or something.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Theme starts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>So we’ve got some theories. Today on Bay Curious we’ll visit Phillip Burton Memorial Beach, as it’s technically called, to see if we can find clues that tell us more about this mysterious tunnel. I’m Katrina Schwartz, you’re listening to Bay Curious. Stay with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Today we’re on a mission to find out more about a large tunnel carved into a cliff on the beach between Fort Funston and Thornton Beach. \u003cem>(Sounds of the beach) \u003c/em>To find some answers, I meet up with Katryn Wiese, a geology professor at College of San Mateo. We start at the large Fort Funston parking lot and pick our way down what looks to me like a huge sandy cliff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>We’re walking down the massive landslide that is Fort Funston. So this, up at the top there, was the original surface of this cliff, and this whole area we’re walking down here was a big landslide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>There are logs hammered into the slope — almost like a ladder — to help hikers navigate the sliding sand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>Basically this whole section of the coastline is very soft rock and it slides all the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Katryn tells me this beach can change dramatically depending on the season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese:\u003c/strong> So the sand piles up in the summer, and then throughout the winter, the heavier waves start excavating it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>That means there are hidden treasures here that can only be seen at certain times of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>Back where we first came in at Fort Funston, there’s all these beautiful fossil-rich rocks right at the base of the cliff. But you only can see them in the spring. otherwise they’re covered with sand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Look closely at the bottom of the cliff and you can see clam fossils dating back almost a million years, Katryn says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But today, we’re on the hunt for a tunnel, not fossils. Neither Katryn nor I have seen this tunnel yet, so as we amble south down the beach we keep our eyes peeled for what Francisco described.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz (in tape):\u003c/strong> I wonder if this is it coming up\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>Let’s take a look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>It’s definitely the right place. Francisco told us to look for two things: wood pilings sticking out of the nearby surf, and a cliff that juts farther into the Pacific than surrounding bluffs. Katryn and I walk over to get a closer look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>When you touch it, what do you feel?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz (in tape): \u003c/strong>It’s pretty hard and it’s definitely very rough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>What grain size would you associate with that?\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz (in tape): \u003c/strong>Feels like sand to me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>It’s very sandy, isn’t it? Yeah, so this is a sandstone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Little sand particles brush off when we rub the stone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>So whenever something sticks out on a coastline, away from everything else, it’s because it’s made of more resistant rock. So as the waves come in, they’re going to naturally excavate the softest stuff, leave the hardest stuff behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Katryn says with soft rock like this, any little divet in the surface of the bluff can quickly become larger as the waves crash against it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>When the waves come in they’re going hit that same indentation. It’s going to funnel the water into that indentation. And it’s just going to get deeper and deeper and deeper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Looking up the cliff, we spot it! The mouth of the tunnel is barely visible about eight feet off the sand where we stand. When Francisco first saw it, the opening was much more obvious, but since then it looks like the mouth of the tunnel has collapsed, partially blocking the entrance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>I’m going to go up and take a look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>We climb up a rocky shelf that gets us close enough to peer in, over the sandy rubble. It really is big — large enough for me to stand up hunched over. And it’s deep. We debate whether it’s safe to go inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz (in tape): \u003c/strong>Well, and it certainly goes back, I mean, 12, 15 feet, from what we can even see. So, like, if you were 15 feet back and then it caved in, that would be really bad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>It’s so tempting, though. And it’s not so much that I’m worried about the tunnel caving in. I’m worried about the collapse of the entrance. So this collapsed, we don’t know when, but it was recent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>Katryn admits to being let’s say \u003cem>wary\u003c/em> of confined spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>You need to get someone who’s braver than me, because I don’t want to go back in there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>But the allure of solving this mystery is just too much for me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz (in tape): \u003c/strong>I’m going into this tunnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>I hand Katryn my backpack and clutch my recorder as I climb over the cave-in and slide down several feet of sand into near darkness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz (in tape): \u003c/strong>Ok, so I’m down in here. You can hear it’s a lot quieter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>It looks like someone has used a big ice cream scoop on the side of the tunnel near the entrance. The marks look similar to ones in a tunnel from the 1800s at Sutro Baths, so Katryn’s wondering if this tunnel really could be from back then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz (in tape): \u003c/strong>I’m going to go a little further back and see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>But further in, the sides of the tunnel are smooth, a strike against the 1800s theory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz (in tape): \u003c/strong>It gets smaller and smaller. I think it only goes 20 or 30 feet back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>I also noticed that although the sides of the tunnel are round and smooth, the top is flat, so from the outside, the tunnel opening looks something like a trapezoid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz (in tape): \u003c/strong>The top is a little flatter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese:\u003c/strong> I’m noticing that too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>By this time, I’d been in the tunnel for five or six minutes and to be honest, I got a little spooked. I figured the less time in there the better and made my way out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>I’m glad you did it. It needed to be done. Nice one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>After examining the rock formation up close — and taking photos of me inside it — Katryn heads back to her computer. She wants to compare today’s shots with some photographs she’s taken of the same spot on the beach going back several years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later, I hopped on a call to talk about what she’d found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>The tunnel was not there back in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>So just four years ago, there was no tunnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>And it does appear a year ago in ’24. You know, somewhere around ’23, probably year ’22–’23 is when it started to get excavated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>That means it’s probably not an old tunnel from the 1800s. And there isn’t a lot of evidence for it being a drainage outlet either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>But then when I saw how smooth the inside was, and of course, how I felt the rock is very, very soft, I realized that, well, the waves have actually been smoothing it out throughout this storm season. And of course if the waves have a hole and they can go in it, they’re gonna just start digging that hole deeper and deeper. That is a typical aspect of coastal erosion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>And in the winter, those waves are especially powerful, reaching all the way up to, and inside of, the tunnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From a photo she took in January of 2021, Katryn can even see where she thinks the first indentation started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>There’s no tunnel yet, but there’s more rock on the top of it right here. But you can kind of see what looks like a little bit of an indentation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>But why is the roof so perfectly flat? The geologist has an explanation for that too. The cliff is composed of different layers of rock. The layer just above the cave is dense, but the ocean has scoured away with the rock below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>So, it’s because it’s excavating this softer layer, which is between two harder layers. And it just so happens that’s not a thin layer, it’s about six or seven feet tall, so you get a large tunnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>The marks at the opening of the tunnel that made Katryn originally think humans might have dug it — those ice cream scoops — likely are the work of curious people. But they probably didn’t dig the whole tunnel, they just widened the mouth. Their digging may have even caused the cave-in we saw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katryn Wiese: \u003c/strong>And it ends up being a natural answer, which is sort of what you would have guessed from the beginning, but it’s nice to have it confirmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/strong>I know, I was hoping this cave was some kind of secret rumrunners tunnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the truth is more surprising in some ways. In a few more years this massive tunnel might no longer exist. As landslides shift the cliffs and strong waves buffet them, this beach is constantly changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the next time Francisco brings his dog Little Bean to walk here, it could look completely different.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If listening to this story really made you want to see what this tunnel looks like for yourself, go check out our website … kqed.org/bay curious. We’ll put a link in our show notes too. We’ve got photos of what the tunnel looked like when Francisco saw it AND ones from after the cave in, when I was there. Honestly, it’s pretty cool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanks to Francisco for asking this week’s question. It actually won a Bay Curious voting round. And we’ve got three new questions up on our website now, ready for you to go vote. Here are your options:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Question 1: \u003c/strong>The Nimitz House — an abandoned, but still-stunning 6,000 square foot mansion located literally under the Bay Bridge on Yerba Buena — is something even long-time San Francisco residents know nothing about. What’s the story of the mansion?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Question 2:\u003c/strong> What were the navigational trees in Oakland and how did they help sailors avoid Blossom Rock in the bay? And also, what’s the story of Blossom Rock being blown up?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Question 3:\u003c/strong> What the story with the “art” (read: eyesore) installation just west of the Ferry Building in San Francisco? It’s the large concrete structure with flowing, moldy mildew water (on Google maps it’s called the Vaillancourt Fountain).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> Head over to kqed dot org slash bay curious to cast your vote. And, while you’re there, scroll down a little ways and sign up for our newsletter. We only send it once and month and in it we answer even more of your questions!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Francisco Alvarado:\u003c/strong> Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member-supported KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Katrina Schwartz:\u003c/strong> Our show is produced by Gabriela Glueck, Christopher Beale and me, Katrina Schwartz. With extra support from Conner, Vicky Chung, Mark Jones, Alana Walker, Maha Sanad, Katie Springer, Jen Chien, Holly Kernan and everyone at team KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some members of the KQED podcast team are represented by The Screen Actors Guild, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists. San Francisco Northern California Local.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Have a great week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "What Is Due Process? Courts Push Back as Trump Moves to Limit This Right",
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"content": "\u003cp>In President Donald Trump’s second term, one phrase \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038481/may-day-thousands-bay-area-take-streets-immigrant-worker-rights\">keeps showing up\u003c/a>: “due process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of Trump’s critics claim that many actions taken by his administration violate due process, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.govexec.com/workforce/2025/02/oversight-agency-finds-trumps-federal-worker-firings-unlawful-asks-some-employees-be-reinstated/403218/\">terminating federal workers\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/22/nx-s1-5372214/harvard-sues-trump-administration-research\">freezing federal grants for universities\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/02/nx-s1-5385355/perkins-coie-trump-executive-order-law-firms\">targeting law firms the White House sees as its enemies\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the president is testing his ability to challenge due process most frequently \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/29/g-s1-63187/trump-courts-immigration-judges-due-process\">in the area of immigration\u003c/a>. The administration has \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cy871w21d3vo\">invoked a wartime power\u003c/a> to rush deportations of alleged gang members, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034742/california-students-visa-cancellations-sue-trump-administration\">stripped thousands of foreign students of their visas\u003c/a> and is quietly \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12041326/this-ethiopian-woman-was-tortured-by-her-government-the-us-is-sending-her-home-anyway\">whittling away legal protections for torture survivors\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both legal scholars and immigration advocates say that disregarding due process for immigrants could have serious consequences for the civil liberties of everyone else, and potentially, \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/04/trump-constitution-abrego-garcia/682487/\">the country’s democracy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>So what exactly is due process?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Constitution — the document that establishes \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12028351/what-happens-if-the-president-disobeys-the-courts-a-constitutional-crisis-experts-say\">the powers and limitations of government\u003c/a> — first mentions \u003ca href=\"https://constitutioncenter.org/the-constitution/amendments/amendment-v\">due process in the Fifth Amendment\u003c/a>: “No person shall … be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What this simply means is that the government can’t impose harm on somebody unless there are fair procedures,” said Erwin Chemerinsky, dean of the School of Law at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042500\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042500\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ErwinChemerinskyGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1373\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ErwinChemerinskyGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ErwinChemerinskyGetty-800x549.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ErwinChemerinskyGetty-1020x700.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ErwinChemerinskyGetty-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ErwinChemerinskyGetty-1536x1054.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ErwinChemerinskyGetty-1920x1318.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UC Berkeley law school dean Erwin Chemerinsky at his home in Oakland, California, on Jan. 19, 2021. \u003ccite>(Carlos Avila Gonzalez/The San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The government has tremendous power: the power to take away somebody’s property, their freedom, even their life,” he said — but due process of law dictates that “the government shouldn’t be able to do that without notice, hearings, a fair decision maker, appeals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet recent declarations by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/01/nx-s1-5382400/dhs-spokesperson-tricia-mclaughlin-deporations\">several White House officials\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/trump-administration/read-full-transcript-president-donald-trump-interviewed-meet-press-mod-rcna203514\">even Trump himself\u003c/a> suggest that this administration believes some immigrants are not actually entitled to due process. If the government believes an individual is undocumented or part of a gang or terrorist organization, due process “is going to look different,” a top spokesperson for the Department of Homeland Security \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/01/nx-s1-5382400/dhs-spokesperson-tricia-mclaughlin-deporations\">told NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Who does due process actually protect?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the federal government, it’s the Supreme Court that is tasked with \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/about/constitutional.aspx\">interpreting the Constitution\u003c/a> — not the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the Supreme Court has established multiple times that every person \u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/event/Boumediene-v-Bush\">on U.S. soil\u003c/a> — regardless of their immigration status — is entitled to due process. In the 1976 case, \u003ca href=\"https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/426/67/\">\u003cem>Mathews v. Diaz\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, the court declared that the Constitution’s Fifth Amendment protects the millions of non-citizens living in the U.S. “from deprivation of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Trump administration and due process\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Despite these rulings from the Supreme Court, the White House insists on its own definition of due process. The case of Kilmar Abrego García — a Salvadoran citizen who lived in Maryland and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/20/g-s1-61475/trump-faces-bipartisan-criticism-over-abrego-garcia-deportation\">was deported to a prison in El Salvador last April\u003c/a> — shows what can happen when the administration’s interpretation is put into practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On March 15, Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/10/nx-s1-5358421/supreme-court-abrego-garcia-deportation-decision\">pulled over Abrego García\u003c/a> on his way home from work in Baltimore. At the time, Abrego García was living in the U.S. with a legal status protecting him from deportation, but when ICE officials detained him, they told his family \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/kilmar-abrego-garcia-deported-el-salvador-trump-immigration-what-know-rcna201708\">that his “status had changed.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12035874\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12035874\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/gettyimages-2210243092-scaled-e1745537471811.jpeg\" alt=\"Two men wearing suits shake hands while seated in chairs.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Trump meets with President Nayib Bukele of El Salvador in the Oval Office on April 14, 2025. Trump and Bukele were expected to discuss a range of bilateral issues, including the detention of Kilmar Armando Abrego Garcia, who has been held in a prison in El Salvador since March 15. \u003ccite>(Win McNamee/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Three days later, the administration placed Abrego García on a deportation flight to El Salvador — before a judge could actually hold a new hearing to review his immigration status. The Salvadoran government now \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/kilmar-abrego-garcia-el-salvador-prison-rcna203429\">has custody over Abrego García\u003c/a> and has refused to return him to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House, for its part, acknowledged that Abrego García’s deportation \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/kilmar-abrego-garcia-deportation-mistake-el-salvador-ed94130580412b81d5ff5c86aea5c0c7\">was an “administrative error,”\u003c/a> but has since then insisted he was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/07/g-s1-58709/trump-immigration-dhs-maryland-el-salvador\">involved with the gang MS-13\u003c/a> — something his lawyers \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/kilmar-abrego-garcia-case-trump-state-secrets-privilege/\">have repeatedly denied\u003c/a>. Trump and Bukele were expected to discuss a range of bilateral issues, including the detention of Kilmar Armando Abrego Garcia, who has been held in a prison in El Salvador since March 15.[aside postID=news_12034742 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-72_qed-1020x680.jpg']On social media, Deputy Chief of Staff Stephen Miller \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/StephenM/status/1919377123266937140\">wrote that\u003c/a> due process “guarantees the rights of a criminal defendant facing prosecution, not an illegal alien facing deportation.” But the Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/24pdf/24a949_lkhn.pdf\">has criticized the administration’s actions\u003c/a> and stated that the government “must comply with its obligation to provide Abrego Garcia with ‘due process of law,’ including notice and an opportunity to be heard, in any future proceedings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/trump-administration/read-full-transcript-president-donald-trump-interviewed-meet-press-mod-rcna203514\">by NBC journalist Kristen Welker\u003c/a> if he thought citizens and non-citizens alike deserve due process, Trump said, “I’m not a lawyer. I don’t know.” Welker then reminded the president that due process was enshrined by the Fifth Amendment, to which Trump replied, “It might say that, but if you’re talking about that, then we’d have to have a million or two million or three million trials.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But having too many legal cases is not a good enough reason to ignore due process, said Matt Coles, professor of practice at UC Law San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The due process clause results in a lot of cases all the time,” he said. “Every single criminal case we have in the United States in a sense exists because we require due process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Habeas corpus: The White House’s latest focus\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the past few weeks, judges around the country \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/05/17/us/politics/courts-immigrants-venezuelans-garcia-trump.html\">have frozen many of the White House’s immigration plans\u003c/a>, slowing down what \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/may/03/trump-mass-deportations-detention-camps-military-migrants\">Trump promised to be\u003c/a> “the largest domestic deportation operation in American history.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, the White House has become even more defiant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, Miller \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c0qgz18glljo\">told reporters\u003c/a> that the administration is considering suspending habeas corpus: a legal right that allows individuals held by the government to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/habeas-corpus-trump-migrants-deportations-constitution-28a598363d03bfc9448b5132c72f2b3d\">challenge their detention\u003c/a> in court. This term originally comes from the Latin phrase “you should have the body” because the detained person has to be brought to court so a court can review their situation — \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/23/1253043762/can-trump-suspend-habeas-corpus\">a form of due process\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019937\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019937\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/122724-Stephen-Miller-MB-REUTERS-01-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/122724-Stephen-Miller-MB-REUTERS-01-copy.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/122724-Stephen-Miller-MB-REUTERS-01-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/122724-Stephen-Miller-MB-REUTERS-01-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/122724-Stephen-Miller-MB-REUTERS-01-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/122724-Stephen-Miller-MB-REUTERS-01-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/122724-Stephen-Miller-MB-REUTERS-01-copy-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stephen Miller, an adviser to President-elect Donald Trump who is expected to join the incoming administration, speaks during a rally for the president-elect in Coachella on Oct. 12, 2024. \u003ccite>(Mike Blake/Reuters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Through habeas corpus, multiple individuals detained by ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cp3nd0dwlpgo\">have been able to regain their freedom\u003c/a> and avoid deportation after a court decided the federal government broke the law when arresting them. Without habeas corpus, the administration could move even faster with certain deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even as the administration eyes this new target, some officials have shown a lack of knowledge about what habeas corpus actually entails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/noem-homeland-security-habeas-corpus-trump-338604206f40fed32c2790608d3e5da6\">a congressional hearing last month\u003c/a>, Secretary of Homeland Security Kristi Noem stated that habeas corpus allows “the president has to be able to remove people from this country and suspend their rights.”[aside postID=news_12025647 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/GettyImages-1243312873-1020x680.jpg']Democratic Senator Maggie Hassan of New Hampshire quickly pushed back and described habeas corpus as “the foundational right that separates free societies like America from police states like North Korea.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The writ of habeas corpus is available to anyone who’s been held by the government and who says that they’re being held illegally,” said UC Berkeley’s Chemerinsky, who added that the Constitution \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/article-1/\">only allows one part of government to suspend habeas corpus\u003c/a>: Congress — not the president — and only when “cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration, however, insists that \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2025/05/20/kristi-noem-habeas-corpus-immigration.html\">there is a historical precedent\u003c/a> for the president to freeze habeas corpus: In 1861, Abraham Lincoln suspended habeas corpus without permission from Congress during the Civil War. And although Lincoln argued that this only impacted suspected Confederate spies and sympathizers, the courts soon decided that the president’s actions were unconstitutional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lincoln had no authority to suspend the writ of habeas corpus,” Chemerinsky said. “The fact that this was a constitutional violation back in the mid-19th century certainly doesn’t justify one now in the early 21st century.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Due process: A final failsafe\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In March, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/03/invocation-of-the-alien-enemies-act-regarding-the-invasion-of-the-united-states-by-tren-de-aragua/\">signed a proclamation\u003c/a> claiming that the gang Tren de Aragua — founded in a Venezuelan prison in 2011 — is cooperating with the regime of Nicolás Maduro to perpetrate “an invasion of and predatory incursion” into the U.S. Any Venezuelan immigrant the administration believes to be a TDA member, according to the proclamation, is “liable to be apprehended, restrained, secured, and removed” from the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Behind this aggressive deportation policy is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/alien-and-sedition-acts#:~:text=Be%20it%20enacted%20by%20the%20Senate%20and%20House%20of%20Representatives,attempted%2C%20or%20threatened%20against%20the\">Alien Enemies Act of 1798\u003c/a> — a law that’s only been invoked before when the U.S. was at war with a foreign nation. On April 7, the Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/24pdf/24a931_2c83.pdf\">ruled that the administration could move forward\u003c/a> with its plan as long as suspected gang members were given “reasonable time” to challenge their deportations in court — due process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958277\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11958277\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"People fill a plaza holding signs in front of a large ornate building.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1397\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-800x559.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-1020x712.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-160x112.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-1536x1073.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-1920x1341.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demonstrators hold signs at a rally held by immigrant and union groups as they march to mark May Day and protest against President Donald Trump’s efforts to boost deportations at the San Francisco City Hall on May 1, 2017. \u003ccite>(Jeff Chiu/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But by the time the court announced its ruling, the administration \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/supreme-court-trump-deportations-el-salvador-9988b667199e1b02fc0a6a83570225c1\">had already deported hundreds of Venezuelan citizens\u003c/a> without a hearing. Many of these individuals are now held in prisons in El Salvador, per an agreement \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038872/what-us-taxpayers-getting-6-million-deal-salvadoran-mega-prison\">between the U.S. and the government of Nayib Bukele\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent study from the Cato Institute, a libertarian think tank, found that 50 Venezuelan men deported to El Salvador’s maximum security CECOT prison \u003ca href=\"https://www.cato.org/blog/50-venezuelans-imprisoned-el-salvador-came-us-legally-never-violated-immigration-law\">came to the U.S. legally, with advanced government permission\u003c/a>. “Because these men were denied due process, the public had no opportunity to obtain a real accounting of any evidence against them,” the Cato Institute report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New evidence also puts into question Trump’s claim that the Venezuelan government is collaborating with TDA. The Freedom of the Press Foundation \u003ca href=\"https://media.freedom.press/media/documents/SOCM_2025-11374_Redacted.pdf\">obtained last month an internal memo\u003c/a> from the administration’s own intelligence agencies that states the Maduro regime “probably does not have a policy of cooperating with TDA and is not directing TDA movement” into the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Government can still make mistakes, Chemerinsky said. “The only way we can check the government is to have a fair process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rewriting — or eliminating completely due process — for one group could make everyone else vulnerable in the future, added Coles. “The guarantees of individual rights are only meaningful if the government doesn’t get to pick and choose who’s got the rights,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The courts are pushing back against the White House and affirming that everyone is entitled to due process and habeas corpus — regardless of immigration status.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In President Donald Trump’s second term, one phrase \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038481/may-day-thousands-bay-area-take-streets-immigrant-worker-rights\">keeps showing up\u003c/a>: “due process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of Trump’s critics claim that many actions taken by his administration violate due process, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.govexec.com/workforce/2025/02/oversight-agency-finds-trumps-federal-worker-firings-unlawful-asks-some-employees-be-reinstated/403218/\">terminating federal workers\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/22/nx-s1-5372214/harvard-sues-trump-administration-research\">freezing federal grants for universities\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/02/nx-s1-5385355/perkins-coie-trump-executive-order-law-firms\">targeting law firms the White House sees as its enemies\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the president is testing his ability to challenge due process most frequently \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/29/g-s1-63187/trump-courts-immigration-judges-due-process\">in the area of immigration\u003c/a>. The administration has \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cy871w21d3vo\">invoked a wartime power\u003c/a> to rush deportations of alleged gang members, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034742/california-students-visa-cancellations-sue-trump-administration\">stripped thousands of foreign students of their visas\u003c/a> and is quietly \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12041326/this-ethiopian-woman-was-tortured-by-her-government-the-us-is-sending-her-home-anyway\">whittling away legal protections for torture survivors\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both legal scholars and immigration advocates say that disregarding due process for immigrants could have serious consequences for the civil liberties of everyone else, and potentially, \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/04/trump-constitution-abrego-garcia/682487/\">the country’s democracy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>So what exactly is due process?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Constitution — the document that establishes \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12028351/what-happens-if-the-president-disobeys-the-courts-a-constitutional-crisis-experts-say\">the powers and limitations of government\u003c/a> — first mentions \u003ca href=\"https://constitutioncenter.org/the-constitution/amendments/amendment-v\">due process in the Fifth Amendment\u003c/a>: “No person shall … be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What this simply means is that the government can’t impose harm on somebody unless there are fair procedures,” said Erwin Chemerinsky, dean of the School of Law at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042500\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042500\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ErwinChemerinskyGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1373\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ErwinChemerinskyGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ErwinChemerinskyGetty-800x549.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ErwinChemerinskyGetty-1020x700.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ErwinChemerinskyGetty-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ErwinChemerinskyGetty-1536x1054.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/ErwinChemerinskyGetty-1920x1318.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UC Berkeley law school dean Erwin Chemerinsky at his home in Oakland, California, on Jan. 19, 2021. \u003ccite>(Carlos Avila Gonzalez/The San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The government has tremendous power: the power to take away somebody’s property, their freedom, even their life,” he said — but due process of law dictates that “the government shouldn’t be able to do that without notice, hearings, a fair decision maker, appeals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet recent declarations by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/01/nx-s1-5382400/dhs-spokesperson-tricia-mclaughlin-deporations\">several White House officials\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/trump-administration/read-full-transcript-president-donald-trump-interviewed-meet-press-mod-rcna203514\">even Trump himself\u003c/a> suggest that this administration believes some immigrants are not actually entitled to due process. If the government believes an individual is undocumented or part of a gang or terrorist organization, due process “is going to look different,” a top spokesperson for the Department of Homeland Security \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/01/nx-s1-5382400/dhs-spokesperson-tricia-mclaughlin-deporations\">told NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Who does due process actually protect?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the federal government, it’s the Supreme Court that is tasked with \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/about/constitutional.aspx\">interpreting the Constitution\u003c/a> — not the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the Supreme Court has established multiple times that every person \u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/event/Boumediene-v-Bush\">on U.S. soil\u003c/a> — regardless of their immigration status — is entitled to due process. In the 1976 case, \u003ca href=\"https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/426/67/\">\u003cem>Mathews v. Diaz\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, the court declared that the Constitution’s Fifth Amendment protects the millions of non-citizens living in the U.S. “from deprivation of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Trump administration and due process\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Despite these rulings from the Supreme Court, the White House insists on its own definition of due process. The case of Kilmar Abrego García — a Salvadoran citizen who lived in Maryland and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/20/g-s1-61475/trump-faces-bipartisan-criticism-over-abrego-garcia-deportation\">was deported to a prison in El Salvador last April\u003c/a> — shows what can happen when the administration’s interpretation is put into practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On March 15, Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/10/nx-s1-5358421/supreme-court-abrego-garcia-deportation-decision\">pulled over Abrego García\u003c/a> on his way home from work in Baltimore. At the time, Abrego García was living in the U.S. with a legal status protecting him from deportation, but when ICE officials detained him, they told his family \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/kilmar-abrego-garcia-deported-el-salvador-trump-immigration-what-know-rcna201708\">that his “status had changed.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12035874\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12035874\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/gettyimages-2210243092-scaled-e1745537471811.jpeg\" alt=\"Two men wearing suits shake hands while seated in chairs.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Trump meets with President Nayib Bukele of El Salvador in the Oval Office on April 14, 2025. Trump and Bukele were expected to discuss a range of bilateral issues, including the detention of Kilmar Armando Abrego Garcia, who has been held in a prison in El Salvador since March 15. \u003ccite>(Win McNamee/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Three days later, the administration placed Abrego García on a deportation flight to El Salvador — before a judge could actually hold a new hearing to review his immigration status. The Salvadoran government now \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/kilmar-abrego-garcia-el-salvador-prison-rcna203429\">has custody over Abrego García\u003c/a> and has refused to return him to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House, for its part, acknowledged that Abrego García’s deportation \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/kilmar-abrego-garcia-deportation-mistake-el-salvador-ed94130580412b81d5ff5c86aea5c0c7\">was an “administrative error,”\u003c/a> but has since then insisted he was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/07/g-s1-58709/trump-immigration-dhs-maryland-el-salvador\">involved with the gang MS-13\u003c/a> — something his lawyers \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/kilmar-abrego-garcia-case-trump-state-secrets-privilege/\">have repeatedly denied\u003c/a>. Trump and Bukele were expected to discuss a range of bilateral issues, including the detention of Kilmar Armando Abrego Garcia, who has been held in a prison in El Salvador since March 15.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>On social media, Deputy Chief of Staff Stephen Miller \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/StephenM/status/1919377123266937140\">wrote that\u003c/a> due process “guarantees the rights of a criminal defendant facing prosecution, not an illegal alien facing deportation.” But the Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/24pdf/24a949_lkhn.pdf\">has criticized the administration’s actions\u003c/a> and stated that the government “must comply with its obligation to provide Abrego Garcia with ‘due process of law,’ including notice and an opportunity to be heard, in any future proceedings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/trump-administration/read-full-transcript-president-donald-trump-interviewed-meet-press-mod-rcna203514\">by NBC journalist Kristen Welker\u003c/a> if he thought citizens and non-citizens alike deserve due process, Trump said, “I’m not a lawyer. I don’t know.” Welker then reminded the president that due process was enshrined by the Fifth Amendment, to which Trump replied, “It might say that, but if you’re talking about that, then we’d have to have a million or two million or three million trials.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But having too many legal cases is not a good enough reason to ignore due process, said Matt Coles, professor of practice at UC Law San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The due process clause results in a lot of cases all the time,” he said. “Every single criminal case we have in the United States in a sense exists because we require due process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Habeas corpus: The White House’s latest focus\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the past few weeks, judges around the country \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/05/17/us/politics/courts-immigrants-venezuelans-garcia-trump.html\">have frozen many of the White House’s immigration plans\u003c/a>, slowing down what \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/may/03/trump-mass-deportations-detention-camps-military-migrants\">Trump promised to be\u003c/a> “the largest domestic deportation operation in American history.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, the White House has become even more defiant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, Miller \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c0qgz18glljo\">told reporters\u003c/a> that the administration is considering suspending habeas corpus: a legal right that allows individuals held by the government to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/habeas-corpus-trump-migrants-deportations-constitution-28a598363d03bfc9448b5132c72f2b3d\">challenge their detention\u003c/a> in court. This term originally comes from the Latin phrase “you should have the body” because the detained person has to be brought to court so a court can review their situation — \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/05/23/1253043762/can-trump-suspend-habeas-corpus\">a form of due process\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019937\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019937\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/122724-Stephen-Miller-MB-REUTERS-01-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/122724-Stephen-Miller-MB-REUTERS-01-copy.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/122724-Stephen-Miller-MB-REUTERS-01-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/122724-Stephen-Miller-MB-REUTERS-01-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/122724-Stephen-Miller-MB-REUTERS-01-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/122724-Stephen-Miller-MB-REUTERS-01-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/122724-Stephen-Miller-MB-REUTERS-01-copy-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stephen Miller, an adviser to President-elect Donald Trump who is expected to join the incoming administration, speaks during a rally for the president-elect in Coachella on Oct. 12, 2024. \u003ccite>(Mike Blake/Reuters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Through habeas corpus, multiple individuals detained by ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cp3nd0dwlpgo\">have been able to regain their freedom\u003c/a> and avoid deportation after a court decided the federal government broke the law when arresting them. Without habeas corpus, the administration could move even faster with certain deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even as the administration eyes this new target, some officials have shown a lack of knowledge about what habeas corpus actually entails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/noem-homeland-security-habeas-corpus-trump-338604206f40fed32c2790608d3e5da6\">a congressional hearing last month\u003c/a>, Secretary of Homeland Security Kristi Noem stated that habeas corpus allows “the president has to be able to remove people from this country and suspend their rights.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Democratic Senator Maggie Hassan of New Hampshire quickly pushed back and described habeas corpus as “the foundational right that separates free societies like America from police states like North Korea.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The writ of habeas corpus is available to anyone who’s been held by the government and who says that they’re being held illegally,” said UC Berkeley’s Chemerinsky, who added that the Constitution \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/article-1/\">only allows one part of government to suspend habeas corpus\u003c/a>: Congress — not the president — and only when “cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration, however, insists that \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2025/05/20/kristi-noem-habeas-corpus-immigration.html\">there is a historical precedent\u003c/a> for the president to freeze habeas corpus: In 1861, Abraham Lincoln suspended habeas corpus without permission from Congress during the Civil War. And although Lincoln argued that this only impacted suspected Confederate spies and sympathizers, the courts soon decided that the president’s actions were unconstitutional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lincoln had no authority to suspend the writ of habeas corpus,” Chemerinsky said. “The fact that this was a constitutional violation back in the mid-19th century certainly doesn’t justify one now in the early 21st century.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Due process: A final failsafe\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In March, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/03/invocation-of-the-alien-enemies-act-regarding-the-invasion-of-the-united-states-by-tren-de-aragua/\">signed a proclamation\u003c/a> claiming that the gang Tren de Aragua — founded in a Venezuelan prison in 2011 — is cooperating with the regime of Nicolás Maduro to perpetrate “an invasion of and predatory incursion” into the U.S. Any Venezuelan immigrant the administration believes to be a TDA member, according to the proclamation, is “liable to be apprehended, restrained, secured, and removed” from the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Behind this aggressive deportation policy is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/alien-and-sedition-acts#:~:text=Be%20it%20enacted%20by%20the%20Senate%20and%20House%20of%20Representatives,attempted%2C%20or%20threatened%20against%20the\">Alien Enemies Act of 1798\u003c/a> — a law that’s only been invoked before when the U.S. was at war with a foreign nation. On April 7, the Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/24pdf/24a931_2c83.pdf\">ruled that the administration could move forward\u003c/a> with its plan as long as suspected gang members were given “reasonable time” to challenge their deportations in court — due process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11958277\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11958277\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"People fill a plaza holding signs in front of a large ornate building.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1397\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-800x559.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-1020x712.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-160x112.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-1536x1073.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230815-IMMIGRATION-RALLY-AP-JC-KQED-1920x1341.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demonstrators hold signs at a rally held by immigrant and union groups as they march to mark May Day and protest against President Donald Trump’s efforts to boost deportations at the San Francisco City Hall on May 1, 2017. \u003ccite>(Jeff Chiu/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But by the time the court announced its ruling, the administration \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/supreme-court-trump-deportations-el-salvador-9988b667199e1b02fc0a6a83570225c1\">had already deported hundreds of Venezuelan citizens\u003c/a> without a hearing. Many of these individuals are now held in prisons in El Salvador, per an agreement \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038872/what-us-taxpayers-getting-6-million-deal-salvadoran-mega-prison\">between the U.S. and the government of Nayib Bukele\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent study from the Cato Institute, a libertarian think tank, found that 50 Venezuelan men deported to El Salvador’s maximum security CECOT prison \u003ca href=\"https://www.cato.org/blog/50-venezuelans-imprisoned-el-salvador-came-us-legally-never-violated-immigration-law\">came to the U.S. legally, with advanced government permission\u003c/a>. “Because these men were denied due process, the public had no opportunity to obtain a real accounting of any evidence against them,” the Cato Institute report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New evidence also puts into question Trump’s claim that the Venezuelan government is collaborating with TDA. The Freedom of the Press Foundation \u003ca href=\"https://media.freedom.press/media/documents/SOCM_2025-11374_Redacted.pdf\">obtained last month an internal memo\u003c/a> from the administration’s own intelligence agencies that states the Maduro regime “probably does not have a policy of cooperating with TDA and is not directing TDA movement” into the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Government can still make mistakes, Chemerinsky said. “The only way we can check the government is to have a fair process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rewriting — or eliminating completely due process — for one group could make everyone else vulnerable in the future, added Coles. “The guarantees of individual rights are only meaningful if the government doesn’t get to pick and choose who’s got the rights,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated August 5\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In researching her new book, Oakland resident Nicole Wong interviewed her parents while playing games of Mahjong with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to go on the record and say there \u003cem>must \u003c/em>have been a time that I’ve beaten them,” Wong said.[aside postID=forum_2010101910698 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/07/20250525_OralHistory_GC-6_qed.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her website, \u003ca href=\"https://www.themahjongproject.com/\">The Mahjong Project\u003c/a> — and later book titled \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DKVZ7_0hGX6/?img_index=1\">\u003cem>Mahjong: House Rules from Across the Asian Diaspora\u003c/em>\u003c/a> — originally set out to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/5145\">document the rules\u003c/a> that her family played by. And while playing, Wong would pepper her parents with questions: Why did you score this move this way? How do you pronounce this word? How do you spell that? Her parents would pull out vintage Mahjong sets they kept in their closet. Her mother sifted through old photos, recalling the memories behind the images to her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stories then expanded to the wider diaspora. Wong spoke to a variety of people — from ages 25 to 80 — about how \u003cem>their\u003c/em> family played Mahjong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was playing with a group of people and we all just kind of naturally started talking about family history,” she said. “It’s just fascinating — different parts of Chinese American history just sitting around at the table.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041797\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041797\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-5-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1373\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-5-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-5-KQED-800x549.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-5-KQED-1020x700.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-5-KQED-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-5-KQED-1536x1054.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-5-KQED-1920x1318.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nicole Wong’s older brothers and cousins signed her book, by an archival photo of them, at her home in Oakland on May 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042187\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042187\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2500\" height=\"833\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1.jpg 2500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1-800x267.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1-1020x340.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1-1536x512.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1-2048x682.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1-1920x640.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Left: A Mahjong set is displayed on a table at Nicole Wong’s home. Right: Nicole Wong holds her book ‘Mahjong: House Rules from Across the Asian Diaspora’ at her home in Oakland. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This interview process ultimately evolved into a form of oral history, \u003ca href=\"https://siarchives.si.edu/history/how-do-oral-history#:~:text=is%20Oral%20History%3F-,Oral%20history%20is%20a%20technique%20for%20generating%20and%20preserving%20original,perspectives%20of%20people%20in%20history.\">the process of preserving\u003c/a> original recorded interviews of someone’s personal recollections. This format was particularly fitting for her topic of Mahjong, Wong said, “because the way that most people learn \u003cem>how \u003c/em>to play is through oral explanation … Stories about the person who taught you, or who taught the teacher, come out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The power of oral history\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Wong started this project in the role of daughter. But as a new mother herself, she realized she’d become “the person who holds the information now” — and that time was of the essence to capture it from her parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a really interesting and valuable time to be talking to that generation above us, where we still can gather those stories,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before writing, most knowledge was “through storytelling,” said Roger Eardley-Pryor, an oral historian with UC Berkeley’s Oral History Center at the Bancroft Library. People held their stories in their memories and passed them down intergenerationally, but “once the technology developed in the 20th century to actually record and store those stories, oral history began to evolve more in an academic context,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re inspired to preserve family memories and community stories this way — whether you want to interview your grandfather, an aunt, a distant cousin or someone else you know — keep reading for expert advice on how to get started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041795\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041795\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-2-KQED_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-2-KQED_1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-2-KQED_1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-2-KQED_1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-2-KQED_1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-2-KQED_1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-2-KQED_1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nicole Wong at her home in Oakland on May 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And if you’re looking for tips on how to preserve family documents and photos instead, take a look at our guide \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12039595/how-to-archive-family-photos-history-preserve-old-documents\">“How to Preserve Your Family History Like an Archivist.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#A\">Jump straight to: The technical aspects of recording family members, and what software to use\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The urgency of getting started\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Menlo Park’s Maggie MarkdaSilva said when people hear how her organization, \u003ca href=\"http://www.narrativehistories.com/pages/bio.html\">Narrative Histories,\u003c/a> helps record family stories, a common reaction is, “Oh, I am so sorry I didn’t find you before it was too late.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is proof that anyone who’s interested should start “sooner rather than later,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don’t worry that you don’t know what you’re doing,” MarkdaSilva said. “Anything you capture is going to be better than nothing [and] be so valuable to you later on, when your parents or grandparents have passed away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12039595 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/IMG_1031-1020x765.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It definitely feels intimidating,” Wong, who spent years writing \u003cem>The Mahjong Project\u003c/em>, said. “In reality, you just got to start somewhere and start chipping away at it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And even if a wider oral history project doesn’t pan out, giving it a shot is also a chance for you to spend time with family members, she said. “It’s been just a really meaningful way to talk to my parents and to my aunts and uncles in a way that has felt really different,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get you started, Eardley-Pryor recommended first thinking about the order of family members you want to interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do you want to start with the oldest person first, in the idea that they might be closer to passing on, and so you want to capture their memories most?” he said. Equally, if you choose to gather stories and questions from younger family members first, “when you interview that elder, you can ask them these things that everyone else in the family is interested in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041903\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041903\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_OralHistory_GC-19_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_OralHistory_GC-19_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_OralHistory_GC-19_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_OralHistory_GC-19_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_OralHistory_GC-19_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_OralHistory_GC-19_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_OralHistory_GC-19_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nicole Wong and her 8-month-old baby play with Mahjong tiles at her home in Oakland on May 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>However, you choose to get started, Eardley-Pryor said a good rule of thumb is to see your interviewees as collaborators from the get-go, and make sure you’re on the same page throughout about how the process will look and what you intend to do with the recordings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oral history is both a very ethical process \u003cem>and \u003c/em>a product,” Eardley-Pryor said. “The methodology used in it is collaborative. It is shared authority. It is something done in conjunction together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Put your subjects at ease \u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“You, of course, would never want to do this against anyone’s will,” MarkdaSilva said — so make sure the person you want to interview actually \u003cem>wants \u003c/em>to take part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, many people can initially be hesitant when it comes to being interviewed, she said, with responses like “My life wasn’t that interesting,” or “No one really cares,” or “I’m shy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041799\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041799\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-14-KQED_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1306\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-14-KQED_1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-14-KQED_1-800x522.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-14-KQED_1-1020x666.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-14-KQED_1-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-14-KQED_1-1536x1003.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-14-KQED_1-1920x1254.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, an archival photo of Nicole Wong’s family, Michael Wong (brother), Graham Wong (father), Andrew Wong (brother), Debra Wong (mother) and Nicole Wong, is displayed in a photo album at her home in Oakland on May 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of MarkdaSilva’s techniques in this case is to bring up young people in the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have found that once you say, ‘This is for your grandchildren. Could you please just do this for them?’ the elders warm up and they say, ‘Of course I will,’” she said. “Once they begin — oh my gosh, it’s such a great experience for them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eardley-Pryor said you can also sit down with the subject in pre-interviews, like sharing what topics you want to talk about in the recording or look through old photo albums to kick-start memories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is also a good place to talk about what the interviewee is comfortable with — and what they \u003cem>don’t \u003c/em>want to talk about. He said that oral history allows an interviewee the chance to tell “the stories that they want to tell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oral history is about deep listening and deep empathy and hearing stories and memories,” he said. “But [also] empowering a narrator to feel like they are in the driver’s seat, because they should be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041801\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1312px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041801\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NICOLE-WONG_NICOLEMAYEAHSTAIRS_ARCHIVAL-IMAGE005-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1312\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NICOLE-WONG_NICOLEMAYEAHSTAIRS_ARCHIVAL-IMAGE005-KQED.jpg 1312w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NICOLE-WONG_NICOLEMAYEAHSTAIRS_ARCHIVAL-IMAGE005-KQED-800x1220.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NICOLE-WONG_NICOLEMAYEAHSTAIRS_ARCHIVAL-IMAGE005-KQED-1020x1555.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NICOLE-WONG_NICOLEMAYEAHSTAIRS_ARCHIVAL-IMAGE005-KQED-160x244.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NICOLE-WONG_NICOLEMAYEAHSTAIRS_ARCHIVAL-IMAGE005-KQED-1008x1536.jpg 1008w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1312px) 100vw, 1312px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nicole Wong and her paternal grandparents, Bill and Ivy Wong, in Dunedin, New Zealand, in 1995. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nicole Wong)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The importance of doing your research first\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Do your homework, MarkdaSilva said, and “learn as much about the person as you can before you start interviewing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to a pre-interview, your research can be about the small details, like finding out what instrument your mom played in her band.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The more you know already, the more engaging your questions are for the person being interviewed,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You could also research the historical milestones that took place during their earlier life, the events that “almost everybody remembers,” said MarkdaSilva, like the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. This helps “anchor” the subject’s story and puts it into context, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Ask effective, open-ended questions — and be patient\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>You want to avoid questions that can be answered with a “yes” or a “no,” said Guneeta Singh Bhalla, executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10634303/archive-preserves-peoples-memories-of-south-asias-partition\">the 1947 Partition Archive in Berkeley\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh Bhalla’s organization holds thousands of oral histories in its directory, and she recommends that you “ask questions in an open-ended manner, so that they can answer in their way.”[aside postID=news_12038447 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250429-FALLOFSAIGON-12-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg']That said, MarkdaSilva said that some people may be intimidated by \u003cem>very \u003c/em>broad questions, so asking a few specific questions can help people latch onto memories they have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for where to start, you could ask the interviewee about their grandparents or their oldest family memories, Eardley-Pryor said. These ideas are “a really nice starting point, because it takes the narrator a little bit out of themselves,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other good starter questions include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>When were you born? Where was that?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What was the neighborhood you grew up in like?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What was dinner time with your family like?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>How did you get to school?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Some questions to end your interview could include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>What are some of the things you’re most proud of in life?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What are the things that you are most grateful for in life?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What are the main lessons you learned?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What are things you hope for going forward — whether for your family, kids or the world?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>In her “how to” section in \u003cem>The Mahjong Project\u003c/em>, Wong advises that people should be patient when conducting interviews and give ample space and time for people to respond. Ask questions that “set the scene,” she recommended: “What was it like when? What do you remember from? Use the senses — what did it look like? What did it sound like?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Be sure to let the subject do most of the talking during the interview and let them lead the interview by not disrupting their stream of consciousness, Wong said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Stay present — especially when asking follow-up questions\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Your speaker may have a memory that \u003cem>they \u003c/em>might not find significant, but is nonetheless a meaningful observation of the time period they’re recalling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although you should, of course, be careful not to be too persistent or try to contradict their narrative, these types of follow-up questions will come to you if you stay present and engaged in the interview, MarkdaSilva said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re thinking about your grocery list or what you’re going to have for dinner … you need to just stop the interview and come back another time,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Be aware of traumatic memories\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Don’t let following a line of questioning lead you to accidentally push your subject’s boundaries, MarkdaSilva said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s important to know when to stop because of the importance of rapport and respect,” she said. “There are things people don’t want to talk about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The person you are interviewing may have lived through a major historical event or had a traumatic experience. These memories can arise in moments when it’s most unexpected, said Eardley-Pryor, who stressed the importance of outlining what’s on the table for discussion with your subject \u003cem>before \u003c/em>starting the recording.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Talking about traumatic memories “require[s] a high level of trust and rapport,” MarkdaSilva said, and should never be a way to open an interview. “Your subject will need to be really comfortable with the process — and with you in this process — before you ask questions like that,” she said. “They’re too personal to just launch into right away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wong said that when interviewees are engaging in another activity, such as playing Mahjong, taking a walk or cooking, she’s seen “those stories kind of [come] out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oral history strategies at the 1947 Partition Archive include not backing off when an interviewee reaches a difficult part of their story. “You don’t want to run away from it and stop talking about it,” Singh Bhalla said, as this can be a potentially healing process for the interviewee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead, you want to walk them through that moment towards a place of strength,” she said. “You want to focus on how they overcame that, that they’re here today, and how they rebuilt after that difficult thing happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You walk through the emotions, and you come to the other side in a positive and resilient place by talking about the resilience that they demonstrated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’d like some further reading, KQED has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038447/50-years-after-the-fall-of-saigon-how-can-vietnamese-american-families-come-to-terms-with-the-past\">a guide on processing the past\u003c/a> with loved ones when discussing potentially traumatic stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Build trust with your subject — and don’t betray it\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Give people the chance to take things off the record, MarkdaSilva said. This allows the subject to have “the final say” on what the recording will be, she said. You’ll need to follow through on your word and take the anecdote or section out of the recording.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to be 100% trustworthy,” she said. “So even if they say something that’s really amazing [followed by] ‘No, no, please take that out, I don’t want my progeny to know that,’ you \u003cem>need \u003c/em>to take it out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While MarkdaSilva acknowledged that others may disagree with this approach, she said she believes “people need to know upfront that their choices about their own personal life will be respected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1947 Partition Archive provides its interviewees with several privacy options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They can choose to keep their story embargoed for 50 years, 25 years,” Singh Bhalla said. “They can choose to make their story only available to research, and they can choose to make their story available only for some types of publications and so on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When people have that level of choice, they do trust that we’re trying to keep this in their best interest. We’re giving them agency, essentially.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Your subject “should always have a chance to review the interview in some way,” Eardley-Pryor said. “Whether that’s listening to the audio again or seeing a transcript of what was the interview recording.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"A\">\u003c/a>The technical stuff: How to best record and save your tapes\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042194\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2384px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042194\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2150769344.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2384\" height=\"1257\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2150769344.jpg 2384w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2150769344-800x422.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2150769344-1020x538.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2150769344-160x84.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2150769344-1536x810.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2150769344-2048x1080.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2150769344-1920x1012.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2384px) 100vw, 2384px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An easily accessible tool for voice recordings is iPhone’s Voice Memo. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How to record\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The easiest way to record sound is with your smartphone’s default audio app, like the iPhone’s Voice Memo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Shanna Farrell, an oral historian with UC Berkeley \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101910698/how-to-create-a-family-archive\">told KQED Forum\u003c/a> that she personally does not advocate for using your iPhone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ctomagazine.com/apple-strategies-data-breach-crisis-management/\">One major reason, Farrell said, is security: \u003c/a>you just don’t know where those (recordings) are going in the cloud,” she warned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another reason is what she called the \u003ca href=\"https://support.apple.com/en-us/118431\">“instability of the iPhone,”\u003c/a> including the possibility of degrading audio quality over long periods of time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, “I recommend using a handheld audio recorder,” she said. “Some libraries, some historical societies, you might be able to borrow audio equipment from.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you want to use a computer or buy a specific recording device, your options will range from the super simple to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-voice-recorder/\">the very sophisticated\u003c/a>, including:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.google.android.apps.recorder&hl=en_US&gl=US&pli=1\">Google Recorder\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://otter.ai\">Otter.ai\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.rev.com/\">rev\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.temi.com/\">Temi\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://aliceapp.ai/homepage\">Alice\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://trint.com\">Trint\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/dp/B01FWNSXJO/?tag=thewire06-20&linkCode=xm2&ascsubtag=F0401HZW6GR6XS17ZFZRV9WR0B7PZ\">Sony UX560\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.officedepot.com/a/products/781979/Olympus-WS-853-8GB-Digital-Voice/?cjdata=MXxOfDB8WXww&siteid=CJ_11553109_5513721_F0401J01F0H2XP8869HZ7J69VJWJR&utm_source=cj&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_campaign=www.officedepot.com_Wirecutter+Inc.&cjevent=a91bd6ad32a711f080c700260a1eba23\">Olympus WS-853\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/dp/B06XTX2S2N/?tag=thewire06-20&linkCode=xm2&ascsubtag=F0401J01F0NZHTZEHJ0ZW3HV4HPAH&th=1\">Sony ICD-PX470\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>MarkdaSilva said you also use another device as a backup, in case your primary method fails in the moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where to record\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Make sure you’re in a place that’s comfortable for those who are being interviewed — their kitchen table, their living room,” MarkdaSilva said. “Tempting as it is to go to an outdoor cafe or something sort of fun like that, you don’t want ambient noise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Extra noise is difficult to edit out of tape, and at worst, it can obscure the subject’s words, so if you’re recording at home, make sure to keep background sounds, like the TV, off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Transcribing the recording\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can transcribe your recording manually or use software like \u003ca href=\"http://otter.ai\">Otter.ai\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.temi.com/\">Temi\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://aliceapp.ai/homepage\">Alice\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"http://trint.com\">Trint\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Transcripts can help with searchability, and can also be an opportunity for the subject to re-read the script to correct spellings and names or to retract anecdotes. If the narrator wants to add more information to the transcript, you can include it in the document, although Eardley-Pryor suggested writing it in square brackets to signify something new was included \u003cem>after \u003c/em>the recording.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Saving the recording\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can save your recordings on cloud-based options like \u003ca href=\"https://cloud.google.com/storage\">Google Cloud Storage\u003c/a>, Apple’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.icloud.com/\">iCloud\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://mega.io/\">Mega\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pcloud.com/\">pCloud\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.synology.com/en-us\">Synology\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://nextcloud.com/\">NextCloud\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.plex.com/platform/cloud-infrastructure-and-security\">Plex\u003c/a>. Wherever you store items digitally, be sure to come up with an easy-to-follow and descriptive file-naming practice, so you can find documents after some time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eardley-Pryor said when starting your project, it’s important to keep in mind that websites — even storage websites and software — may not be around forever, and digital files can also be corrupted or lost over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would always, always recommend having multiple backups,” he said. “Not just in the cloud, but also having it stored on a hard drive. Or if you have a transcript, having a printed version of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Library of Congress has a thorough guide detailing \u003ca href=\"https://loc.gov/preservation/resources/rfs/\">the recommended digital formats\u003c/a> in which you should save materials. You can also upload files to public sites like \u003ca href=\"https://archive.org/upload/\">the Internet Archive\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042195\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042195\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/045_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/045_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/045_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/045_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/045_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/045_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/045_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Internet Archive servers at their offices in San Francisco on March 24, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Beyond family archives: How can you donate your recording? \u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Like the 1947 Partition Archives, there are many local and national historical societies and projects that ask people to share their memories and family stories. Local examples include the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayarealesbianarchives.org/oral-history-project\">Bay Area Lesbian Archives\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.chinatownmemories.org/share\">Oakland Chinatown Oral History Project\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.jamsj.org/manabu\">Japanese American Museum of San Jose\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://americanindianculturaldistrict.org/indigenizesf\">Indigenize Project\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many institutions, “it’s white men telling the stories of history,” Eardley-Pryor said. But “oral history has this incredible power of allowing people to speak for themselves, to tell their own story in their own words, and to have that be included as a part of the historical record for us to learn from and to shape our future with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are planning to record an oral history with the explicit intention to eventually donate it, you should establish this with your interviewee at the beginning of the interview and be transparent to make sure they’re comfortable with their story being shared publicly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You, the interviewee and the organization should also establish other guidelines, Eardley-Pryor said, like:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Do they want the interview to be “sealed” for a portion of time?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Do they want it donated after their death?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Who do they want to have access to the recording?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Is it a \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/cclicenses/\">Creative Commons agreement\u003c/a>, where it is public and free to use? Or does the interviewee want to retain copyright of their voice, and make anybody who uses it have to get their approval for something beyond fair use?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“You have to respect their answer. You should not donate it if they don’t want it donated,” MarkdaSilva said. “But they might be very flattered. They might be super happy about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Resources and more reading for creating a family oral history\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://siarchives.si.edu/history/how-do-oral-history#4\">The Smithsonian Museum\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://gemsoralhistories.com/\">GEMS Oral Histories & Audio Storytelling\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Workshops at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.lib.berkeley.edu/visit/bancroft/oral-history-center/educational-programs\">Oral History Center at UC Berkeley \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Events at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.jamsj.org/upcoming-events\">Japanese American Museum of San Jose\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://oralhistory.org/best-practices/\">Oral History Association\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://oralhistory.library.ucla.edu/pages/interview_guidelines\">UCLA Center for Oral History Research\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://nmaahc.si.edu/explore/stories/capturing-your-familys-oral-history\">National Museum of African American History and Culture\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.californiajapantowns.org/interview.html\">California Japantowns\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://vault.ushmm.org/adaptivemedia/rendition/id_b840e69ab429c259964cff12f60d99224d3575d2\">United States Holocaust Memorial Museum \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Correction:\u003c/strong> An earlier version of this article incorrectly stated the title of Nicole Wong’s book. It is \u003cem>Mahjong: House Rules from Across the Asian Diaspora\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated August 5\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In researching her new book, Oakland resident Nicole Wong interviewed her parents while playing games of Mahjong with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to go on the record and say there \u003cem>must \u003c/em>have been a time that I’ve beaten them,” Wong said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her website, \u003ca href=\"https://www.themahjongproject.com/\">The Mahjong Project\u003c/a> — and later book titled \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DKVZ7_0hGX6/?img_index=1\">\u003cem>Mahjong: House Rules from Across the Asian Diaspora\u003c/em>\u003c/a> — originally set out to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/5145\">document the rules\u003c/a> that her family played by. And while playing, Wong would pepper her parents with questions: Why did you score this move this way? How do you pronounce this word? How do you spell that? Her parents would pull out vintage Mahjong sets they kept in their closet. Her mother sifted through old photos, recalling the memories behind the images to her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stories then expanded to the wider diaspora. Wong spoke to a variety of people — from ages 25 to 80 — about how \u003cem>their\u003c/em> family played Mahjong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was playing with a group of people and we all just kind of naturally started talking about family history,” she said. “It’s just fascinating — different parts of Chinese American history just sitting around at the table.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041797\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041797\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-5-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1373\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-5-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-5-KQED-800x549.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-5-KQED-1020x700.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-5-KQED-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-5-KQED-1536x1054.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-5-KQED-1920x1318.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nicole Wong’s older brothers and cousins signed her book, by an archival photo of them, at her home in Oakland on May 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042187\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042187\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2500\" height=\"833\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1.jpg 2500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1-800x267.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1-1020x340.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1-1536x512.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1-2048x682.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/Side-by-side-Downpage-1-1920x640.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Left: A Mahjong set is displayed on a table at Nicole Wong’s home. Right: Nicole Wong holds her book ‘Mahjong: House Rules from Across the Asian Diaspora’ at her home in Oakland. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This interview process ultimately evolved into a form of oral history, \u003ca href=\"https://siarchives.si.edu/history/how-do-oral-history#:~:text=is%20Oral%20History%3F-,Oral%20history%20is%20a%20technique%20for%20generating%20and%20preserving%20original,perspectives%20of%20people%20in%20history.\">the process of preserving\u003c/a> original recorded interviews of someone’s personal recollections. This format was particularly fitting for her topic of Mahjong, Wong said, “because the way that most people learn \u003cem>how \u003c/em>to play is through oral explanation … Stories about the person who taught you, or who taught the teacher, come out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The power of oral history\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Wong started this project in the role of daughter. But as a new mother herself, she realized she’d become “the person who holds the information now” — and that time was of the essence to capture it from her parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a really interesting and valuable time to be talking to that generation above us, where we still can gather those stories,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before writing, most knowledge was “through storytelling,” said Roger Eardley-Pryor, an oral historian with UC Berkeley’s Oral History Center at the Bancroft Library. People held their stories in their memories and passed them down intergenerationally, but “once the technology developed in the 20th century to actually record and store those stories, oral history began to evolve more in an academic context,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re inspired to preserve family memories and community stories this way — whether you want to interview your grandfather, an aunt, a distant cousin or someone else you know — keep reading for expert advice on how to get started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041795\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041795\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-2-KQED_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-2-KQED_1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-2-KQED_1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-2-KQED_1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-2-KQED_1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-2-KQED_1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-2-KQED_1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nicole Wong at her home in Oakland on May 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And if you’re looking for tips on how to preserve family documents and photos instead, take a look at our guide \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12039595/how-to-archive-family-photos-history-preserve-old-documents\">“How to Preserve Your Family History Like an Archivist.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#A\">Jump straight to: The technical aspects of recording family members, and what software to use\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The urgency of getting started\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Menlo Park’s Maggie MarkdaSilva said when people hear how her organization, \u003ca href=\"http://www.narrativehistories.com/pages/bio.html\">Narrative Histories,\u003c/a> helps record family stories, a common reaction is, “Oh, I am so sorry I didn’t find you before it was too late.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is proof that anyone who’s interested should start “sooner rather than later,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don’t worry that you don’t know what you’re doing,” MarkdaSilva said. “Anything you capture is going to be better than nothing [and] be so valuable to you later on, when your parents or grandparents have passed away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It definitely feels intimidating,” Wong, who spent years writing \u003cem>The Mahjong Project\u003c/em>, said. “In reality, you just got to start somewhere and start chipping away at it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And even if a wider oral history project doesn’t pan out, giving it a shot is also a chance for you to spend time with family members, she said. “It’s been just a really meaningful way to talk to my parents and to my aunts and uncles in a way that has felt really different,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get you started, Eardley-Pryor recommended first thinking about the order of family members you want to interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do you want to start with the oldest person first, in the idea that they might be closer to passing on, and so you want to capture their memories most?” he said. Equally, if you choose to gather stories and questions from younger family members first, “when you interview that elder, you can ask them these things that everyone else in the family is interested in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041903\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041903\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_OralHistory_GC-19_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_OralHistory_GC-19_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_OralHistory_GC-19_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_OralHistory_GC-19_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_OralHistory_GC-19_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_OralHistory_GC-19_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_OralHistory_GC-19_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nicole Wong and her 8-month-old baby play with Mahjong tiles at her home in Oakland on May 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>However, you choose to get started, Eardley-Pryor said a good rule of thumb is to see your interviewees as collaborators from the get-go, and make sure you’re on the same page throughout about how the process will look and what you intend to do with the recordings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oral history is both a very ethical process \u003cem>and \u003c/em>a product,” Eardley-Pryor said. “The methodology used in it is collaborative. It is shared authority. It is something done in conjunction together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Put your subjects at ease \u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“You, of course, would never want to do this against anyone’s will,” MarkdaSilva said — so make sure the person you want to interview actually \u003cem>wants \u003c/em>to take part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, many people can initially be hesitant when it comes to being interviewed, she said, with responses like “My life wasn’t that interesting,” or “No one really cares,” or “I’m shy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041799\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041799\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-14-KQED_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1306\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-14-KQED_1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-14-KQED_1-800x522.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-14-KQED_1-1020x666.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-14-KQED_1-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-14-KQED_1-1536x1003.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250525_ORALHISTORY_GC-14-KQED_1-1920x1254.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, an archival photo of Nicole Wong’s family, Michael Wong (brother), Graham Wong (father), Andrew Wong (brother), Debra Wong (mother) and Nicole Wong, is displayed in a photo album at her home in Oakland on May 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of MarkdaSilva’s techniques in this case is to bring up young people in the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have found that once you say, ‘This is for your grandchildren. Could you please just do this for them?’ the elders warm up and they say, ‘Of course I will,’” she said. “Once they begin — oh my gosh, it’s such a great experience for them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eardley-Pryor said you can also sit down with the subject in pre-interviews, like sharing what topics you want to talk about in the recording or look through old photo albums to kick-start memories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is also a good place to talk about what the interviewee is comfortable with — and what they \u003cem>don’t \u003c/em>want to talk about. He said that oral history allows an interviewee the chance to tell “the stories that they want to tell.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oral history is about deep listening and deep empathy and hearing stories and memories,” he said. “But [also] empowering a narrator to feel like they are in the driver’s seat, because they should be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041801\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1312px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041801\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NICOLE-WONG_NICOLEMAYEAHSTAIRS_ARCHIVAL-IMAGE005-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1312\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NICOLE-WONG_NICOLEMAYEAHSTAIRS_ARCHIVAL-IMAGE005-KQED.jpg 1312w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NICOLE-WONG_NICOLEMAYEAHSTAIRS_ARCHIVAL-IMAGE005-KQED-800x1220.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NICOLE-WONG_NICOLEMAYEAHSTAIRS_ARCHIVAL-IMAGE005-KQED-1020x1555.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NICOLE-WONG_NICOLEMAYEAHSTAIRS_ARCHIVAL-IMAGE005-KQED-160x244.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/NICOLE-WONG_NICOLEMAYEAHSTAIRS_ARCHIVAL-IMAGE005-KQED-1008x1536.jpg 1008w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1312px) 100vw, 1312px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nicole Wong and her paternal grandparents, Bill and Ivy Wong, in Dunedin, New Zealand, in 1995. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nicole Wong)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The importance of doing your research first\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Do your homework, MarkdaSilva said, and “learn as much about the person as you can before you start interviewing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to a pre-interview, your research can be about the small details, like finding out what instrument your mom played in her band.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The more you know already, the more engaging your questions are for the person being interviewed,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You could also research the historical milestones that took place during their earlier life, the events that “almost everybody remembers,” said MarkdaSilva, like the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. This helps “anchor” the subject’s story and puts it into context, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Ask effective, open-ended questions — and be patient\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>You want to avoid questions that can be answered with a “yes” or a “no,” said Guneeta Singh Bhalla, executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10634303/archive-preserves-peoples-memories-of-south-asias-partition\">the 1947 Partition Archive in Berkeley\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh Bhalla’s organization holds thousands of oral histories in its directory, and she recommends that you “ask questions in an open-ended manner, so that they can answer in their way.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>That said, MarkdaSilva said that some people may be intimidated by \u003cem>very \u003c/em>broad questions, so asking a few specific questions can help people latch onto memories they have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for where to start, you could ask the interviewee about their grandparents or their oldest family memories, Eardley-Pryor said. These ideas are “a really nice starting point, because it takes the narrator a little bit out of themselves,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other good starter questions include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>When were you born? Where was that?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What was the neighborhood you grew up in like?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What was dinner time with your family like?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>How did you get to school?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Some questions to end your interview could include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>What are some of the things you’re most proud of in life?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What are the things that you are most grateful for in life?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What are the main lessons you learned?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What are things you hope for going forward — whether for your family, kids or the world?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>In her “how to” section in \u003cem>The Mahjong Project\u003c/em>, Wong advises that people should be patient when conducting interviews and give ample space and time for people to respond. Ask questions that “set the scene,” she recommended: “What was it like when? What do you remember from? Use the senses — what did it look like? What did it sound like?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Be sure to let the subject do most of the talking during the interview and let them lead the interview by not disrupting their stream of consciousness, Wong said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Stay present — especially when asking follow-up questions\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Your speaker may have a memory that \u003cem>they \u003c/em>might not find significant, but is nonetheless a meaningful observation of the time period they’re recalling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although you should, of course, be careful not to be too persistent or try to contradict their narrative, these types of follow-up questions will come to you if you stay present and engaged in the interview, MarkdaSilva said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re thinking about your grocery list or what you’re going to have for dinner … you need to just stop the interview and come back another time,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Be aware of traumatic memories\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Don’t let following a line of questioning lead you to accidentally push your subject’s boundaries, MarkdaSilva said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s important to know when to stop because of the importance of rapport and respect,” she said. “There are things people don’t want to talk about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The person you are interviewing may have lived through a major historical event or had a traumatic experience. These memories can arise in moments when it’s most unexpected, said Eardley-Pryor, who stressed the importance of outlining what’s on the table for discussion with your subject \u003cem>before \u003c/em>starting the recording.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Talking about traumatic memories “require[s] a high level of trust and rapport,” MarkdaSilva said, and should never be a way to open an interview. “Your subject will need to be really comfortable with the process — and with you in this process — before you ask questions like that,” she said. “They’re too personal to just launch into right away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wong said that when interviewees are engaging in another activity, such as playing Mahjong, taking a walk or cooking, she’s seen “those stories kind of [come] out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oral history strategies at the 1947 Partition Archive include not backing off when an interviewee reaches a difficult part of their story. “You don’t want to run away from it and stop talking about it,” Singh Bhalla said, as this can be a potentially healing process for the interviewee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead, you want to walk them through that moment towards a place of strength,” she said. “You want to focus on how they overcame that, that they’re here today, and how they rebuilt after that difficult thing happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You walk through the emotions, and you come to the other side in a positive and resilient place by talking about the resilience that they demonstrated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’d like some further reading, KQED has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038447/50-years-after-the-fall-of-saigon-how-can-vietnamese-american-families-come-to-terms-with-the-past\">a guide on processing the past\u003c/a> with loved ones when discussing potentially traumatic stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Build trust with your subject — and don’t betray it\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Give people the chance to take things off the record, MarkdaSilva said. This allows the subject to have “the final say” on what the recording will be, she said. You’ll need to follow through on your word and take the anecdote or section out of the recording.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to be 100% trustworthy,” she said. “So even if they say something that’s really amazing [followed by] ‘No, no, please take that out, I don’t want my progeny to know that,’ you \u003cem>need \u003c/em>to take it out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While MarkdaSilva acknowledged that others may disagree with this approach, she said she believes “people need to know upfront that their choices about their own personal life will be respected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 1947 Partition Archive provides its interviewees with several privacy options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They can choose to keep their story embargoed for 50 years, 25 years,” Singh Bhalla said. “They can choose to make their story only available to research, and they can choose to make their story available only for some types of publications and so on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When people have that level of choice, they do trust that we’re trying to keep this in their best interest. We’re giving them agency, essentially.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Your subject “should always have a chance to review the interview in some way,” Eardley-Pryor said. “Whether that’s listening to the audio again or seeing a transcript of what was the interview recording.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"A\">\u003c/a>The technical stuff: How to best record and save your tapes\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042194\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2384px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042194\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2150769344.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2384\" height=\"1257\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2150769344.jpg 2384w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2150769344-800x422.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2150769344-1020x538.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2150769344-160x84.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2150769344-1536x810.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2150769344-2048x1080.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/GettyImages-2150769344-1920x1012.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2384px) 100vw, 2384px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An easily accessible tool for voice recordings is iPhone’s Voice Memo. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How to record\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The easiest way to record sound is with your smartphone’s default audio app, like the iPhone’s Voice Memo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Shanna Farrell, an oral historian with UC Berkeley \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101910698/how-to-create-a-family-archive\">told KQED Forum\u003c/a> that she personally does not advocate for using your iPhone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ctomagazine.com/apple-strategies-data-breach-crisis-management/\">One major reason, Farrell said, is security: \u003c/a>you just don’t know where those (recordings) are going in the cloud,” she warned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another reason is what she called the \u003ca href=\"https://support.apple.com/en-us/118431\">“instability of the iPhone,”\u003c/a> including the possibility of degrading audio quality over long periods of time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, “I recommend using a handheld audio recorder,” she said. “Some libraries, some historical societies, you might be able to borrow audio equipment from.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you want to use a computer or buy a specific recording device, your options will range from the super simple to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/the-best-voice-recorder/\">the very sophisticated\u003c/a>, including:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.google.android.apps.recorder&hl=en_US&gl=US&pli=1\">Google Recorder\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://otter.ai\">Otter.ai\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.rev.com/\">rev\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.temi.com/\">Temi\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://aliceapp.ai/homepage\">Alice\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://trint.com\">Trint\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/dp/B01FWNSXJO/?tag=thewire06-20&linkCode=xm2&ascsubtag=F0401HZW6GR6XS17ZFZRV9WR0B7PZ\">Sony UX560\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.officedepot.com/a/products/781979/Olympus-WS-853-8GB-Digital-Voice/?cjdata=MXxOfDB8WXww&siteid=CJ_11553109_5513721_F0401J01F0H2XP8869HZ7J69VJWJR&utm_source=cj&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_campaign=www.officedepot.com_Wirecutter+Inc.&cjevent=a91bd6ad32a711f080c700260a1eba23\">Olympus WS-853\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/dp/B06XTX2S2N/?tag=thewire06-20&linkCode=xm2&ascsubtag=F0401J01F0NZHTZEHJ0ZW3HV4HPAH&th=1\">Sony ICD-PX470\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>MarkdaSilva said you also use another device as a backup, in case your primary method fails in the moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where to record\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Make sure you’re in a place that’s comfortable for those who are being interviewed — their kitchen table, their living room,” MarkdaSilva said. “Tempting as it is to go to an outdoor cafe or something sort of fun like that, you don’t want ambient noise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Extra noise is difficult to edit out of tape, and at worst, it can obscure the subject’s words, so if you’re recording at home, make sure to keep background sounds, like the TV, off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Transcribing the recording\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can transcribe your recording manually or use software like \u003ca href=\"http://otter.ai\">Otter.ai\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.temi.com/\">Temi\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://aliceapp.ai/homepage\">Alice\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"http://trint.com\">Trint\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Transcripts can help with searchability, and can also be an opportunity for the subject to re-read the script to correct spellings and names or to retract anecdotes. If the narrator wants to add more information to the transcript, you can include it in the document, although Eardley-Pryor suggested writing it in square brackets to signify something new was included \u003cem>after \u003c/em>the recording.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Saving the recording\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can save your recordings on cloud-based options like \u003ca href=\"https://cloud.google.com/storage\">Google Cloud Storage\u003c/a>, Apple’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.icloud.com/\">iCloud\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://mega.io/\">Mega\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pcloud.com/\">pCloud\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.synology.com/en-us\">Synology\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://nextcloud.com/\">NextCloud\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.plex.com/platform/cloud-infrastructure-and-security\">Plex\u003c/a>. Wherever you store items digitally, be sure to come up with an easy-to-follow and descriptive file-naming practice, so you can find documents after some time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eardley-Pryor said when starting your project, it’s important to keep in mind that websites — even storage websites and software — may not be around forever, and digital files can also be corrupted or lost over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would always, always recommend having multiple backups,” he said. “Not just in the cloud, but also having it stored on a hard drive. Or if you have a transcript, having a printed version of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Library of Congress has a thorough guide detailing \u003ca href=\"https://loc.gov/preservation/resources/rfs/\">the recommended digital formats\u003c/a> in which you should save materials. You can also upload files to public sites like \u003ca href=\"https://archive.org/upload/\">the Internet Archive\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042195\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042195\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/045_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/045_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/045_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/045_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/045_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/045_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/045_KQED_InternetArchiveOffices_03242023_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Internet Archive servers at their offices in San Francisco on March 24, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Beyond family archives: How can you donate your recording? \u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Like the 1947 Partition Archives, there are many local and national historical societies and projects that ask people to share their memories and family stories. Local examples include the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bayarealesbianarchives.org/oral-history-project\">Bay Area Lesbian Archives\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.chinatownmemories.org/share\">Oakland Chinatown Oral History Project\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.jamsj.org/manabu\">Japanese American Museum of San Jose\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://americanindianculturaldistrict.org/indigenizesf\">Indigenize Project\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many institutions, “it’s white men telling the stories of history,” Eardley-Pryor said. But “oral history has this incredible power of allowing people to speak for themselves, to tell their own story in their own words, and to have that be included as a part of the historical record for us to learn from and to shape our future with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are planning to record an oral history with the explicit intention to eventually donate it, you should establish this with your interviewee at the beginning of the interview and be transparent to make sure they’re comfortable with their story being shared publicly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You, the interviewee and the organization should also establish other guidelines, Eardley-Pryor said, like:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Do they want the interview to be “sealed” for a portion of time?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Do they want it donated after their death?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Who do they want to have access to the recording?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Is it a \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/cclicenses/\">Creative Commons agreement\u003c/a>, where it is public and free to use? Or does the interviewee want to retain copyright of their voice, and make anybody who uses it have to get their approval for something beyond fair use?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“You have to respect their answer. You should not donate it if they don’t want it donated,” MarkdaSilva said. “But they might be very flattered. They might be super happy about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Resources and more reading for creating a family oral history\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://siarchives.si.edu/history/how-do-oral-history#4\">The Smithsonian Museum\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://gemsoralhistories.com/\">GEMS Oral Histories & Audio Storytelling\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Workshops at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.lib.berkeley.edu/visit/bancroft/oral-history-center/educational-programs\">Oral History Center at UC Berkeley \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Events at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.jamsj.org/upcoming-events\">Japanese American Museum of San Jose\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://oralhistory.org/best-practices/\">Oral History Association\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://oralhistory.library.ucla.edu/pages/interview_guidelines\">UCLA Center for Oral History Research\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://nmaahc.si.edu/explore/stories/capturing-your-familys-oral-history\">National Museum of African American History and Culture\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.californiajapantowns.org/interview.html\">California Japantowns\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://vault.ushmm.org/adaptivemedia/rendition/id_b840e69ab429c259964cff12f60d99224d3575d2\">United States Holocaust Memorial Museum \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Correction:\u003c/strong> An earlier version of this article incorrectly stated the title of Nicole Wong’s book. It is \u003cem>Mahjong: House Rules from Across the Asian Diaspora\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "farmworkers-in-sonoma-county-win-settlement-after-alleged-retaliation",
"title": "Farmworkers in Sonoma County Win Settlement After Alleged Retaliation",
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"headTitle": "Farmworkers in Sonoma County Win Settlement After Alleged Retaliation | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12042828/campesinos-sonoma-logran-acuerdo-tras-sufrir-represalias\">\u003cem>Leer en español\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surrounded by elegant tasting rooms and high-end hotels, farmworkers and labor organizers rallied Wednesday in Healdsburg — the center of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/sonoma-county\">Sonoma County’s\u003c/a> multimillion-dollar wine industry — to announce a settlement with Redwood Empire Vineyard Management, a Geyserville-based company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“¿Tienen miedo? ¡No! ¿Están cansados! ¡No!” workers chanted in Spanish, which translates to “Are you afraid? No! Are you tired? No!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">REVM will pay $33,548 to seven former and current employees after the state’s Agricultural Labor Relations Board determined the company refused to offer them jobs because of their involvement in efforts to improve working conditions. The ALRB also found that REVM required farmworkers last year to sign a contract stating they would be immediately fired if they attempted to renegotiate their compensation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"ul1\">\n\u003cli class=\"li1\">\u003cb>\u003ca href=\"#A\">Jump to: What to do if something similar happens to you\u003c/a>\u003c/b>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>According to state officials, the company’s actions are considered unfair labor practices in violation of California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.alrb.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/196/2018/05/ALRA_010112.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Agricultural Labor Relations Act\u003c/a>.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We all have the right to be able to organize with our coworkers to ask for better working conditions and not be retaliated against,” said Yesenia De Luna, ALRB’s regional director. “In this case, workers were going to protests and marches asking for better wages. That’s a working condition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>REVM did not return KQED’s multiple requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041953\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041953\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-5-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-5-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-5-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-5-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-5-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-5-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-5-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yesenia De Luna, regional director at the California Agricultural Labor Relations Board (ALRB), speaks at a press conference after seven farmworkers were awarded nearly $34,000 as settlement of a complaint issued by the ALRB over unlawful retaliation and coercion, at Healdsburg Plaza in Healdsburg on May 28, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>José Alejandro Cuevas Fuentes and Yolanda Prida González are among the farmworkers named in the ALRB investigation. Both worked for REVM for several years, helping to care for and harvest the many vineyards the company manages around the region. But things changed when they attended \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11997877/farmworkers-remain-in-the-fields-during-wildfires-now-theyre-marching-for-hazard-pay\">a march on July 28 in Healdsburg\u003c/a>, where farmworkers called for hazard pay — higher wages to reflect the risks they take during wildfire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s when things started to get bad,” Cuevas Fuentes said in Spanish, adding that a colleague gave him a heads-up that managers had seen \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/news/farmworkers-march-wages-healdsburg/?artslide=10\">a photo of him at the march\u003c/a> taken by \u003ci>The Press Democrat\u003c/i>. On Aug. 14, Cuevas Fuentes tried to attend a meeting held by REVM for workers included in the 2024 fall harvest but was blocked by management, who pointed out that his name no longer appeared on the work crew list despite years of harvest experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When Alejandro told me that he was rejected from the harvest, that’s when I fell into a depression,” said Prida González, Cuevas Fuentes’ partner. Together, they are raising two daughters. By that point, she had also been laid off by REVM. “I was really disappointed in my managers because I had worked with them for many years, but all I got from them was their rejection and indifference,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11958506 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230817-PETALUMA-VINEYARD-FARMWORKERS-AP-ER-KQED-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the help of the labor rights group North Bay Jobs With Justice, the couple, along with five coworkers, filed complaints with the ALRB, which began a months-long investigation that included interviews with REVM employees and management. The couple still had to find a way to pay bills and support their daughters while the investigation continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of this made my depression much more difficult. I would never want anyone else to go through this,” Prida González said. “I want all my fellow workers to understand that they have these rights as farmworkers and let go of that fear of speaking up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fear, lack of information and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11918317/blacklisted-for-speaking-up-how-california-farmworkers-fighting-abuses-are-vulnerable-to-retaliation\">intimidation from management\u003c/a> are all factors that make it very difficult for farmworkers to seek help, said United Farm Workers Secretary Treasurer Armando Elenes, who talks to workers across the state about their protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although California has mechanisms in place to hold employers accountable, Elenes added, “Many workers just accept the retaliation and then move on to another employer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The more workers come together and form unions or take action together, the more we can deal with these issues,” he said. “Having workers participate and be part of the process, that’s the key — that’s what makes everything else work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of the settlement, REVM will no longer require employees to sign a contract with language that threatens termination for requesting higher wages. Additionally, the company has promised the ALRB that it will respect the rights of its workers to organize for better working conditions. ALRB officials will also be speaking to REVM farmworkers in the coming weeks about what rights protect them and how to identify retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All seven workers in the case also have the opportunity to return to REVM. For the time being, Cuevas Fuentes won’t be coming back, but Prida González has returned to make sure the company keeps its part of the settlement agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We workers need to see changes,” she said, adding that she believes her return to the company will show her fellow farmworkers that taking the risk of speaking up has results. “Things have to get better.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041951\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041951\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-1-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-1-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-1-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-1-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-1-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-1-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Community supporters attend a press conference after seven farmworkers were awarded nearly $34,000 as settlement of a complaint issued by the Agricultural Labor Relations Board against Redwood Empire Vineyard Management over unlawful retaliation and coercion, at Healdsburg Plaza in Healdsburg on May 28, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>\u003ca id=\"A\">\u003c/a>What if something like this happens to you?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>KQED has\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11958506/guide-unsafe-working-conditions-employer-retaliation-and-worker-protections\"> a guide available for what to do if you are a farmworker\u003c/a> and your employer has retaliated against you for speaking up about working conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are not a farmworker, keep reading for insight from attorneys familiar with employment law in California to learn what rights and protections all workers have when asking for higher pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>The risks of acting alone\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Want to talk to your employer about how much you’re getting paid? You’re usually more protected if you do this together with your coworkers, said Juan Villalvazo, a labor rights attorney at La Raza Centro Legal, a San Francisco legal aid group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you were to approach your boss by yourself with the motive of \u003ci>only\u003c/i> talking about your own compensation, it could be a very different story, Villalvazo said. In California, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/TerminationOfEmployment.pdf\">having a job is considered “at-will,”\u003c/a> which means an employer can fire a worker at any moment. Of course, at-will employment also means an employee can quit at any time, but it gives “the employer a lot of deference and protection,” Villalvazo said, and “your employer has the right to fire you for whatever reason, so long as the underlying reason isn’t illegal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What \u003ci>would \u003c/i>be illegal in this case? An employer could be in trouble \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/TerminationOfEmployment.pdf\">if the reason they fire someone is discriminatory\u003c/a> (based on their race, religion, gender, disability, sexual orientation or another protected category) or to retaliate against an employee \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/TerminationOfEmployment.pdf\">who engaged in a “protected activity”\u003c/a> like speaking up about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11999014/working-inside-during-a-heat-wave-what-to-know-about-californias-new-protections\">unsafe working conditions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when the conversation you want to have with your boss is just about your \u003ci>own\u003c/i> individual wages, at-will employment rules give your employer a lot more power. You \u003ci>could \u003c/i>go to your boss and ask for a raise for yourself, Villalvazo said, but “not only are they not required to give it, they could take the action of firing you and say, ‘Well, I’m just gonna hire somebody who’s content with the pay rate.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Palmer, co-managing partner at the New York office of Sanford Heisler Sharp McKnight, a firm that offers legal services to workers, agreed that employees are more vulnerable when acting alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Employees are in a much more legally sound position if they are raising concerns about their compensation not only on behalf of themselves, but on the behalf of others,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042239\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042239\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20240728_FarmworkersMarch_GC-14_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20240728_FarmworkersMarch_GC-14_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20240728_FarmworkersMarch_GC-14_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20240728_FarmworkersMarch_GC-14_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20240728_FarmworkersMarch_GC-14_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20240728_FarmworkersMarch_GC-14_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20240728_FarmworkersMarch_GC-14_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hundreds of farmworkers with North Bay Jobs With Justice and community supporters march on the Healdsburg Memorial Bridge, demanding higher wages and disaster pay, on July 28, 2024. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Strength in numbers\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Approaching your boss to talk about wages — this time, accompanied by your coworkers who have the same concerns about their own pay — not only places you in a stronger position to negotiate, but also gives you a layer of legal protection, Palmer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is because state and federal law protect the right of workers to engage in “concerted activity” — defined as any action taken by employees on behalf of a group, not just themselves — Palmer said. “It can be an action taken as a group, or it could be one individual who is taking the lead and raising concerns on behalf of other people,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One very familiar example of concerted activity is workers forming a union. But the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nlrb.gov/guidance/key-reference-materials/national-labor-relations-act\">National Labor Relations Act\u003c/a> protects the rights of all employees to collectively seek better working conditions — not just those who are part of a union. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.nlrb.gov/about-nlrb/rights-we-protect/the-law/employees/concerted-activity\">1935 law\u003c/a>, passed by Congress \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/national-labor-relations-act\">after decades of worker-led organizing\u003c/a>, protects the right of workers to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"ul1\">\n\u003cli class=\"li1\">Talk among themselves about their wages and working conditions.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli class=\"li1\">Circulate a petition asking for better hours.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli class=\"li1\">Participate in a concerted refusal to work in unsafe conditions.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli class=\"li1\">Talk — along with their coworkers — to their employer, government agency or the media about problems in their workplace.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The National Labor Relations Board — the federal agency that enforces the NLRA — warns that employees \u003ca href=\"https://www.nlrb.gov/about-nlrb/rights-we-protect/the-law/employees/concerted-activity\">could lose their protections\u003c/a> if they communicate with their employer in a way that could be deemed “egregiously offensive or knowingly and maliciously false” or by “publicly disparaging” the employer’s products in a way that’s not related to the issues at work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why Palmer recommends employees to always “raise concerns respectfully,” as well as “with confidence of their concerns.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041955\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041955\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-13-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-13-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-13-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-13-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-13-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-13-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-13-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers hold signs in Spanish reading ‘la unión hace la fuerza’ and ‘escuchen a los trabajadores’ at a press conference organized by North Bay Jobs with Justice at Healdsburg Plaza in Healdsburg on May 28, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Can a contract prohibit you from talking about higher pay?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the case of the farmworkers in Sonoma County, their employer included a clause in their contract that threatened immediate termination if employees spoke up about their wages. ARLB officials determined that the clause was in violation of the state law that protects the rights of farmworkers to bargain collectively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That contract is basically stopping them before they can even start to organize themselves or talk about that,” ALRB’s De Luna said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you work in another industry that’s not agriculture, can your employer still add a clause in your work contract that prevents you or your colleagues from asking for a raise?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That would still be a violation of the law, said Villavalzo from La Raza Centro Legal. “As a collective, you have the right to discuss amongst yourselves about wages, benefits and conditions in the workplace,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Palmer, from Sanford Heisler Sharp McKnight, said the contract REVM offered workers in 2024 is written vaguely enough that it restricts employees from engaging in a wide range of actions, including concerted activities. He added that the clause, which threatens termination for employees who “create discontent in the crews, interrupting work,” is also problematic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is a clear attempt to try to prevent employees from communicating with their colleagues about concerns that they have,” Palmer said. While employers \u003ci>can \u003c/i>fire workers who start fights or create an unsafe work environment, “that’s not what this kind of provision is getting at,” he said. Instead, “it is just a clear demand that employees not engage in any kind of concerted activity or communication about working conditions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Talking to your boss about pay: What legal experts suggest\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to Palmer, it’s important that workers feel comfortable expressing “that they know their worth,” but he said “there is always this risk” in asking for a raise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you and other colleagues believe what you’re being paid doesn’t reflect the work you do and think you have a strong case, there are things you can do to protect yourself during and after conversations with your employer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, remember you are more protected if you request a raise “as part of a concerted action where you’re bringing the request along with that of others,” Palmer said. But it’s also a good idea to check ahead of time what compensation people are getting for doing similar work at other places, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villalvazo emphasizes the importance of maintaining good relationships with your coworkers. “If you’re friends with your coworkers, it’s gonna be easier to work collectively,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villalvazo also recommends keeping written records of conversations you have with both coworkers — as you decide collectively what to request — and with your employer when presenting the request. The written communication doesn’t have to be very formal, he said, and “could just mean a text message.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you use WhatsApp to talk about work matters, keep in mind that the application allows an individual user to delete messages and chats for \u003ci>all \u003c/i>other people in the conversation. You may consider taking screenshots of the chat to keep a backup record of the conversations — or even propose that colleagues communicate through another app altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villalvazo points out that in many workplaces in California, some employees are working with a legal immigration status, while some of their colleagues may not be. “Stay in solidarity with all of your coworkers regardless of their immigration status, because at the end of the day, you all \u003ca href=\"https://legalaidatwork.org/factsheet/immigration-related-retaliation-in-the-workplace/#:~:text=In%20California%2C%20an%20employer%20who,law%20license%20for%20their%20actions.\">share many of the same rights\u003c/a>,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you and your colleagues believe your employer cut your wages or fired you for collectively requesting a raise, you can file a complaint with the state Labor Commissioner’s Office. You can \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/howtofileretaliationcomplaint.htm\">file a retaliation complaint online\u003c/a> or by calling 714-558-4913.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it can take several months for a complaint to move through the Labor Commissioner’s Office, the agency does have the power to investigate employers, impose penalties and give certain workers their lost wages or job back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12042828/campesinos-sonoma-logran-acuerdo-tras-sufrir-represalias\">\u003cem>Leer en español\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surrounded by elegant tasting rooms and high-end hotels, farmworkers and labor organizers rallied Wednesday in Healdsburg — the center of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/sonoma-county\">Sonoma County’s\u003c/a> multimillion-dollar wine industry — to announce a settlement with Redwood Empire Vineyard Management, a Geyserville-based company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“¿Tienen miedo? ¡No! ¿Están cansados! ¡No!” workers chanted in Spanish, which translates to “Are you afraid? No! Are you tired? No!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">REVM will pay $33,548 to seven former and current employees after the state’s Agricultural Labor Relations Board determined the company refused to offer them jobs because of their involvement in efforts to improve working conditions. The ALRB also found that REVM required farmworkers last year to sign a contract stating they would be immediately fired if they attempted to renegotiate their compensation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"ul1\">\n\u003cli class=\"li1\">\u003cb>\u003ca href=\"#A\">Jump to: What to do if something similar happens to you\u003c/a>\u003c/b>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>According to state officials, the company’s actions are considered unfair labor practices in violation of California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.alrb.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/196/2018/05/ALRA_010112.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Agricultural Labor Relations Act\u003c/a>.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We all have the right to be able to organize with our coworkers to ask for better working conditions and not be retaliated against,” said Yesenia De Luna, ALRB’s regional director. “In this case, workers were going to protests and marches asking for better wages. That’s a working condition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>REVM did not return KQED’s multiple requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041953\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041953\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-5-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-5-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-5-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-5-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-5-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-5-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-5-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yesenia De Luna, regional director at the California Agricultural Labor Relations Board (ALRB), speaks at a press conference after seven farmworkers were awarded nearly $34,000 as settlement of a complaint issued by the ALRB over unlawful retaliation and coercion, at Healdsburg Plaza in Healdsburg on May 28, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>José Alejandro Cuevas Fuentes and Yolanda Prida González are among the farmworkers named in the ALRB investigation. Both worked for REVM for several years, helping to care for and harvest the many vineyards the company manages around the region. But things changed when they attended \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11997877/farmworkers-remain-in-the-fields-during-wildfires-now-theyre-marching-for-hazard-pay\">a march on July 28 in Healdsburg\u003c/a>, where farmworkers called for hazard pay — higher wages to reflect the risks they take during wildfire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s when things started to get bad,” Cuevas Fuentes said in Spanish, adding that a colleague gave him a heads-up that managers had seen \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/news/farmworkers-march-wages-healdsburg/?artslide=10\">a photo of him at the march\u003c/a> taken by \u003ci>The Press Democrat\u003c/i>. On Aug. 14, Cuevas Fuentes tried to attend a meeting held by REVM for workers included in the 2024 fall harvest but was blocked by management, who pointed out that his name no longer appeared on the work crew list despite years of harvest experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When Alejandro told me that he was rejected from the harvest, that’s when I fell into a depression,” said Prida González, Cuevas Fuentes’ partner. Together, they are raising two daughters. By that point, she had also been laid off by REVM. “I was really disappointed in my managers because I had worked with them for many years, but all I got from them was their rejection and indifference,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the help of the labor rights group North Bay Jobs With Justice, the couple, along with five coworkers, filed complaints with the ALRB, which began a months-long investigation that included interviews with REVM employees and management. The couple still had to find a way to pay bills and support their daughters while the investigation continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of this made my depression much more difficult. I would never want anyone else to go through this,” Prida González said. “I want all my fellow workers to understand that they have these rights as farmworkers and let go of that fear of speaking up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fear, lack of information and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11918317/blacklisted-for-speaking-up-how-california-farmworkers-fighting-abuses-are-vulnerable-to-retaliation\">intimidation from management\u003c/a> are all factors that make it very difficult for farmworkers to seek help, said United Farm Workers Secretary Treasurer Armando Elenes, who talks to workers across the state about their protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although California has mechanisms in place to hold employers accountable, Elenes added, “Many workers just accept the retaliation and then move on to another employer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The more workers come together and form unions or take action together, the more we can deal with these issues,” he said. “Having workers participate and be part of the process, that’s the key — that’s what makes everything else work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of the settlement, REVM will no longer require employees to sign a contract with language that threatens termination for requesting higher wages. Additionally, the company has promised the ALRB that it will respect the rights of its workers to organize for better working conditions. ALRB officials will also be speaking to REVM farmworkers in the coming weeks about what rights protect them and how to identify retaliation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All seven workers in the case also have the opportunity to return to REVM. For the time being, Cuevas Fuentes won’t be coming back, but Prida González has returned to make sure the company keeps its part of the settlement agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We workers need to see changes,” she said, adding that she believes her return to the company will show her fellow farmworkers that taking the risk of speaking up has results. “Things have to get better.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041951\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041951\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-1-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-1-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-1-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-1-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-1-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-1-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-1-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Community supporters attend a press conference after seven farmworkers were awarded nearly $34,000 as settlement of a complaint issued by the Agricultural Labor Relations Board against Redwood Empire Vineyard Management over unlawful retaliation and coercion, at Healdsburg Plaza in Healdsburg on May 28, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>\u003ca id=\"A\">\u003c/a>What if something like this happens to you?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>KQED has\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11958506/guide-unsafe-working-conditions-employer-retaliation-and-worker-protections\"> a guide available for what to do if you are a farmworker\u003c/a> and your employer has retaliated against you for speaking up about working conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are not a farmworker, keep reading for insight from attorneys familiar with employment law in California to learn what rights and protections all workers have when asking for higher pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>The risks of acting alone\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Want to talk to your employer about how much you’re getting paid? You’re usually more protected if you do this together with your coworkers, said Juan Villalvazo, a labor rights attorney at La Raza Centro Legal, a San Francisco legal aid group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you were to approach your boss by yourself with the motive of \u003ci>only\u003c/i> talking about your own compensation, it could be a very different story, Villalvazo said. In California, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/TerminationOfEmployment.pdf\">having a job is considered “at-will,”\u003c/a> which means an employer can fire a worker at any moment. Of course, at-will employment also means an employee can quit at any time, but it gives “the employer a lot of deference and protection,” Villalvazo said, and “your employer has the right to fire you for whatever reason, so long as the underlying reason isn’t illegal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What \u003ci>would \u003c/i>be illegal in this case? An employer could be in trouble \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/TerminationOfEmployment.pdf\">if the reason they fire someone is discriminatory\u003c/a> (based on their race, religion, gender, disability, sexual orientation or another protected category) or to retaliate against an employee \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/TerminationOfEmployment.pdf\">who engaged in a “protected activity”\u003c/a> like speaking up about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11999014/working-inside-during-a-heat-wave-what-to-know-about-californias-new-protections\">unsafe working conditions\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when the conversation you want to have with your boss is just about your \u003ci>own\u003c/i> individual wages, at-will employment rules give your employer a lot more power. You \u003ci>could \u003c/i>go to your boss and ask for a raise for yourself, Villalvazo said, but “not only are they not required to give it, they could take the action of firing you and say, ‘Well, I’m just gonna hire somebody who’s content with the pay rate.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Palmer, co-managing partner at the New York office of Sanford Heisler Sharp McKnight, a firm that offers legal services to workers, agreed that employees are more vulnerable when acting alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Employees are in a much more legally sound position if they are raising concerns about their compensation not only on behalf of themselves, but on the behalf of others,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042239\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042239\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20240728_FarmworkersMarch_GC-14_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20240728_FarmworkersMarch_GC-14_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20240728_FarmworkersMarch_GC-14_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20240728_FarmworkersMarch_GC-14_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20240728_FarmworkersMarch_GC-14_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20240728_FarmworkersMarch_GC-14_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20240728_FarmworkersMarch_GC-14_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hundreds of farmworkers with North Bay Jobs With Justice and community supporters march on the Healdsburg Memorial Bridge, demanding higher wages and disaster pay, on July 28, 2024. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Strength in numbers\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Approaching your boss to talk about wages — this time, accompanied by your coworkers who have the same concerns about their own pay — not only places you in a stronger position to negotiate, but also gives you a layer of legal protection, Palmer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is because state and federal law protect the right of workers to engage in “concerted activity” — defined as any action taken by employees on behalf of a group, not just themselves — Palmer said. “It can be an action taken as a group, or it could be one individual who is taking the lead and raising concerns on behalf of other people,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One very familiar example of concerted activity is workers forming a union. But the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nlrb.gov/guidance/key-reference-materials/national-labor-relations-act\">National Labor Relations Act\u003c/a> protects the rights of all employees to collectively seek better working conditions — not just those who are part of a union. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.nlrb.gov/about-nlrb/rights-we-protect/the-law/employees/concerted-activity\">1935 law\u003c/a>, passed by Congress \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/national-labor-relations-act\">after decades of worker-led organizing\u003c/a>, protects the right of workers to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"ul1\">\n\u003cli class=\"li1\">Talk among themselves about their wages and working conditions.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli class=\"li1\">Circulate a petition asking for better hours.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli class=\"li1\">Participate in a concerted refusal to work in unsafe conditions.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli class=\"li1\">Talk — along with their coworkers — to their employer, government agency or the media about problems in their workplace.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The National Labor Relations Board — the federal agency that enforces the NLRA — warns that employees \u003ca href=\"https://www.nlrb.gov/about-nlrb/rights-we-protect/the-law/employees/concerted-activity\">could lose their protections\u003c/a> if they communicate with their employer in a way that could be deemed “egregiously offensive or knowingly and maliciously false” or by “publicly disparaging” the employer’s products in a way that’s not related to the issues at work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why Palmer recommends employees to always “raise concerns respectfully,” as well as “with confidence of their concerns.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12041955\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12041955\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-13-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-13-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-13-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-13-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-13-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-13-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/20250528_FIREDASKINGFORRAISE_GC-13-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers hold signs in Spanish reading ‘la unión hace la fuerza’ and ‘escuchen a los trabajadores’ at a press conference organized by North Bay Jobs with Justice at Healdsburg Plaza in Healdsburg on May 28, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Can a contract prohibit you from talking about higher pay?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the case of the farmworkers in Sonoma County, their employer included a clause in their contract that threatened immediate termination if employees spoke up about their wages. ARLB officials determined that the clause was in violation of the state law that protects the rights of farmworkers to bargain collectively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That contract is basically stopping them before they can even start to organize themselves or talk about that,” ALRB’s De Luna said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you work in another industry that’s not agriculture, can your employer still add a clause in your work contract that prevents you or your colleagues from asking for a raise?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That would still be a violation of the law, said Villavalzo from La Raza Centro Legal. “As a collective, you have the right to discuss amongst yourselves about wages, benefits and conditions in the workplace,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Palmer, from Sanford Heisler Sharp McKnight, said the contract REVM offered workers in 2024 is written vaguely enough that it restricts employees from engaging in a wide range of actions, including concerted activities. He added that the clause, which threatens termination for employees who “create discontent in the crews, interrupting work,” is also problematic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is a clear attempt to try to prevent employees from communicating with their colleagues about concerns that they have,” Palmer said. While employers \u003ci>can \u003c/i>fire workers who start fights or create an unsafe work environment, “that’s not what this kind of provision is getting at,” he said. Instead, “it is just a clear demand that employees not engage in any kind of concerted activity or communication about working conditions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Talking to your boss about pay: What legal experts suggest\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to Palmer, it’s important that workers feel comfortable expressing “that they know their worth,” but he said “there is always this risk” in asking for a raise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you and other colleagues believe what you’re being paid doesn’t reflect the work you do and think you have a strong case, there are things you can do to protect yourself during and after conversations with your employer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, remember you are more protected if you request a raise “as part of a concerted action where you’re bringing the request along with that of others,” Palmer said. But it’s also a good idea to check ahead of time what compensation people are getting for doing similar work at other places, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villalvazo emphasizes the importance of maintaining good relationships with your coworkers. “If you’re friends with your coworkers, it’s gonna be easier to work collectively,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villalvazo also recommends keeping written records of conversations you have with both coworkers — as you decide collectively what to request — and with your employer when presenting the request. The written communication doesn’t have to be very formal, he said, and “could just mean a text message.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you use WhatsApp to talk about work matters, keep in mind that the application allows an individual user to delete messages and chats for \u003ci>all \u003c/i>other people in the conversation. You may consider taking screenshots of the chat to keep a backup record of the conversations — or even propose that colleagues communicate through another app altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villalvazo points out that in many workplaces in California, some employees are working with a legal immigration status, while some of their colleagues may not be. “Stay in solidarity with all of your coworkers regardless of their immigration status, because at the end of the day, you all \u003ca href=\"https://legalaidatwork.org/factsheet/immigration-related-retaliation-in-the-workplace/#:~:text=In%20California%2C%20an%20employer%20who,law%20license%20for%20their%20actions.\">share many of the same rights\u003c/a>,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you and your colleagues believe your employer cut your wages or fired you for collectively requesting a raise, you can file a complaint with the state Labor Commissioner’s Office. You can \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/howtofileretaliationcomplaint.htm\">file a retaliation complaint online\u003c/a> or by calling 714-558-4913.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it can take several months for a complaint to move through the Labor Commissioner’s Office, the agency does have the power to investigate employers, impose penalties and give certain workers their lost wages or job back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "How to Preserve Your Family History Like an Archivist",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 11:30 a.m. August 11\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do you have a stack of old family photo albums in the attic? A cookbook by your grandmother, scrawled with her handwritten notes? Your parents’ love letters to each other that you treasure?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If so, consider yourself in possession of your family’s unique archives — and there are multiple tools and resources out there to help you preserve these important documents and memories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cultural heritage is incredibly important to our society,” said Elise Hochhalter, a book conservator at the San Francisco Public Library. “Preserving physical collections and digital collections is part of how we tell our stories as a culture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, SFPL held a workshop on safeguarding your family’s archives to mark \u003ca href=\"https://preservationweek.org/\">Preservation Week:\u003c/a> a national initiative from the American Library Association that’s chaired this year by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13938083/the-coolest-place-on-earth-the-public-library\">Bay Area librarian Mychal Threets. \u003c/a>San Francisco resident Jim Fong attended the SFPL workshop, citing his interests in making documentaries. He made one in honor of his mother, screening it during her funeral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fong stressed the importance of not waiting to start preserving your family’s history.[aside postID=forum_2010101910698 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/07/20250525_OralHistory_GC-6_qed.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a project like his, “if you don’t have the source material from the early days, there’s nothing that you can count on,” Fong said. “So if anybody wants to make a documentary on their own life, or their family life, you have to start now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038806\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038806\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-08-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-08-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-08-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-08-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-08-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-08-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-08-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elise Hochhalter presents at the Preserving Your Personal Collections workshop at the Main Library in San Francisco on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The longer you wait to gather and preserve these kinds of documents, “you’re just missing out on all the family memories that you like,” Fong said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wondering whether it’s “worth” taking action to preserve your own family’s archives? SFPL’s Hochhalter has a message for you: Something “may seem inconsequential or not substantial enough, but it actually is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Community archiving is a really important thing,” she said. “Things that happen outside of the institution — and in your family — do have value.” And when it comes to your own family, “you never know what will have value in 50 years, or what will help be evidence to fill in pieces of a puzzle later on,” Hochhalter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED spoke to experts on how to best preserve documents, digitize records and how best to connect with organizations who may be interested in your archives.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>How can I safely store these physical materials?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://preservationweek.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/PWfirststep_nodate.pdf\">The American Library Association’s own guide to preservation\u003c/a> emphasizes that people shouldn’t let “the pursuit of perfection be an obstacle to getting started.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Step one is just getting an overview of everything that you have: Collecting all of your materials, collecting the shoe boxes, the various closets’ worth of things,” said Emilie van der Hoorn, the head of the SFPL’s conservation unit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038803\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038803\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-05-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-05-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-05-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-05-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-05-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-05-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emilie van der Hoorn greets attendees at the Preserving Your Personal Collections workshop at the Main Library in San Francisco on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Your next step will be assessing how and where each kind of material you’ve collected — paper, photos, books, etc. — should be stored, to preserve its life (more on this below). Make sure your hands are clean or wear gloves when handling your items generally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFPL recommends you create an inventory of your collection and regularly update it as you add more items. But stay realistic and don’t get overwhelmed, van der Hoorn said. “Don’t anticipate that you’re going to have everything digitized, cataloged, housed, and looking like the Library of Congress in a week.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is long-term work, she stressed, and “takes years to work on” — so “set yourself very small, manageable goals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039613\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039613\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/153079734_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1328\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/153079734_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/153079734_qed-800x531.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/153079734_qed-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/153079734_qed-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/153079734_qed-1536x1020.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/153079734_qed-1920x1275.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Make digital copies of old photos when possible. This will reduce how much your originals get handled, lowering the potential for damage. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where should materials live in my home?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Store paper items like letters and folders in a clean part of your home, somewhere free from extreme temperatures, humidity or dust. This is why the ALA suggests archives should \u003cem>not \u003c/em>be stored in basements or attics, even though you might assume collections like these might naturally be housed in such locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Be wary of areas with wild temperature swings, cautioned SFPL book conservator Savannah Adams. “You don’t want [the storage environment] to be getting really hot and really cold,” she said. “That could be worse than just it being in a consistently hot environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prevent mold by storing materials in a place with humidity levels below 60% (you can purchase a low-cost humidity sensor to monitor this) and where items aren’t touching the ground.\u003cstrong> \u003ca href=\"#A\">Jump to: What to do if materials get wet.\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Be sure to check on your materials once in a while to make sure everything is still in good condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How can I store papers?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep loose paper items in folders, SFPL said — and label everything with what’s inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Folders can then be stored in office file folders, plastic tubs or bank boxes. You can upgrade and get professional archival equipment from suppliers like \u003ca href=\"https://www.gaylord.com/\">Gaylord Archival\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://archival.com/\">Archival Products\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityproducts.com/\">University Products\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.hollingermetaledge.com/\">Hollinger Metal Edge\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFPL also suggests you avoid using Post-it notes, paper clips, staples, rubber bands or tape, which could damage your materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What about photos?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you write on the back of photos and documents, be sure to include the full names of people involved, places and dates. Use a pencil, since pens can bleed and fade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Photos can be extra sensitive in storage, so make sure any folders you’re using have passed the Photographic Activity Test — that is, that they’re made of \u003ca href=\"https://www.naa.gov.au/information-management/storing-and-preserving-information/preserving-information/preserving-photographs/about-photographic-activity-test\">material less likely\u003c/a> to damage negatives and delicate photos. (Yes, some \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityproducts.com/photo-products/photo-albums-and-pages?page=3#:~:text=One%20of%20the%20tried%20and,accommodate%20a%20variety%20of%20formats.\">photo albums do pass.\u003c/a>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How can I store books?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not every book you preserve needs to be a first edition, and can be anything that has sentimental value to you personally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It could be your favorite cookbook,” Adams said. “It could be a stack of paper that your grandmother wrote on, and you want to preserve that just for handwriting’s sake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Books specifically should be stored in an upright position or flat on the side — but never slumped or leaning to one side, Adams said. “Books are largely made up of organic material, so they will eventually start to deform based off what position they’re stored in for long periods of time,” she said. You can prevent this by using bookends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Be careful also \u003cem>how \u003c/em>you take books off a shelf, Adams said. Pull from the middle of the spine, rather than from the top of the book: that upper part of the spine can be particularly vulnerable, especially if it’s a leather-bound book.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dusting and tidying your books and shelves will also help prevent damage as well, Adams said. “The accumulation of dust that sits on the surface can actually become abrasive, depending on how long it’s there or what it’s sitting on,” she said — and dust can also be a food source for pests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039619\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2121px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039619\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-143925280.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2121\" height=\"1414\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-143925280.jpg 2121w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-143925280-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-143925280-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-143925280-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-143925280-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-143925280-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-143925280-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2121px) 100vw, 2121px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Prevent mold by storing materials in a place with humidity levels below 60% and where items aren’t touching the ground. \u003ccite>(Frank Rothe/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"A\">\u003c/a>What to do with water damage\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your materials get wet, move them quickly: Mold settles after 48 hours in wet and humid conditions. Fan out the pages of wet books and stand them on their edge to dry out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If there \u003cem>is \u003c/em>mold on your items, wear PPE like masks and goggles while you contain and quarantine the materials. At this point, you may need to \u003ca href=\"https://www.culturalheritage.org/about-conservation/find-a-conservator\">contact a professional conservator\u003c/a> to figure out options for restoration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Institute of Conservation also has several guides on storing \u003ca href=\"https://learning.culturalheritage.org/caring-treasures\">other physical materials,\u003c/a> including \u003ca href=\"https://learning.culturalheritage.org/files/9cde3532-8e53-4e34-ab3c-969471838713?ref_id=2039\">ceramic and glass objects\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://learning.culturalheritage.org/files/9cde3532-97dd-48e7-afda-f5abd51107c0?ref_id=2039\">metal items like jewelry\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://learning.culturalheritage.org/files/9cde3532-a8f4-4920-b81d-e2a04e9dc36a?ref_id=2039\">textiles and clothing\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://learning.culturalheritage.org/files/9cde3532-9184-4e4f-8e13-b6ac788b4de5?ref_id=2039\">furniture\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s some importance to keeping tangible objects and sentimental materials in good condition,” Adams said. And a lot of that really just has to do with preventative care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>How can you digitize your personal archives?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After you’ve safely organized and stored your materials, making digital copies of these items where possible will reduce how much your originals get handled, lowering the potential for damage. It’ll also allow you to more easily share your collection with other family members and people online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can digitize items like:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Documents, like letters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Photographs\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>VHS videotapes\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Floppy disks\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Super 8 film\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Slides\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Photo negatives\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Audiocassettes\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>CDs\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Digitizing materials can be a time-consuming process, so remember: you don’t have to do it for every single item you’re archiving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for where to store these materials digitally, cloud-based options include \u003ca href=\"https://cloud.google.com/storage\">Google Cloud Storage\u003c/a>, Apple’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.icloud.com/\">iCloud\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://mega.io/\">Mega\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pcloud.com/\">pCloud\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.synology.com/en-us\">Synology\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://nextcloud.com/\">NextCloud\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.plex.com/platform/cloud-infrastructure-and-security\">Plex\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jackie Forsyte, audio-visual archivist with Teach Archive Preserve Exhibit in Los Angeles, emphasized on KQED Forum that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101910698/how-to-create-a-family-archive\">the cloud is “just somebody else’s computer\u003c/a> … not this nebulous ‘in the air’ thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if you are worried about the privacy of your items, you can also create your own backup system using hard drives – something that you exercise more control over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Take a moment and assess what photos and videos are most important to you that are on your iPhone,” recommended Forsyte, then those items “to a physical device as a backup for that larger thing,” she said. “You’re not going be able to download everything, but having just those beautiful choices of what matters to you is essential.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider following \u003ca href=\"https://www.armstrongarchives.com/3-2-1-rule-data-backup/\">the “3-2-1 Rule,” which sees you make three copies of each item: for example, one copy stored in the cloud, another on a hard drive and the third saved as a\u003c/a> backup in a different geographical location, for safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wherever you store items digitally, be sure to come up with an easy-to-follow and descriptive file-naming practice, so you can find documents after some time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Library of Congress has a\u003ca href=\"https://digitalpreservation.gov/personalarchiving/\"> thorough guide detailing the at-home digitizing process, including how best to scan your items \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://loc.gov/preservation/resources/rfs/\">the recommended digital formats\u003c/a> in which you should save materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can also seek help digitizing your materials – especially if you are worried about damage – from organizations including:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://sfpl.org/locations/main-library/digicenter/diy-digi-lab\">DIY Digi Lab\u003c/a> in San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://bavc.org/\">Bay Area Video Coalition Media\u003c/a> in San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.digitalrevolution.tv/\">Digital Revolution\u003c/a> in San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sunsetmediapreservation.com/\">Sunset Media Preservation\u003c/a> in San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mementopress.com/\">Memento Press\u003c/a> in Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.analog-to-digital.net/\">Analog to Digital\u003c/a> in Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://av-workshop.com/\">Audio Video Workshop\u003c/a> in Redwood City\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.denevi.com/\">Denevi Digital Imaging\u003c/a> in Sunnyvale\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.digitalrootsstudio.com/\">Digital Roots Studio\u003c/a> in Albany.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Your local library may also have a “memory lab” to help you archive materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remember, digital archives aren’t always confined to scans of analogue items. Consider also archiving sentimental materials that were born digitally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/columnist/komando/2023/01/15/how-save-those-important-voicemails-your-smartphone-forever/11048824002/\">your voicemails\u003c/a> would likely need to be re-saved as a .MP3 or .WAV file. Files can be saved as PDFs, and data as a .CSV document. Use a website crawler like the \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/\">Wayback Machine\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://preservica.com/\">Preservica to \u003c/a>save websites and social media posts, which \u003ca href=\"https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/computerscience_fac_pubs/153/\">you can also export as a WARC file\u003c/a>. Want to archive meaningful emails? You can store these messages through \u003ca href=\"https://www.mailstore.com/en/\">MailStore\u003c/a> or export them from your account as \u003ca href=\"https://support.apple.com/guide/mail/import-or-export-mailboxes-mlhlp1030/mac\">a .mbox file\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don’t forget about archiving digital photos either, SFPL’s van der Hoorn said: “It’s easy to overlook what you have on your phone, in your old drives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And keep in mind: a major part of digital preservation is knowing that something widely used today may be obsolete tomorrow, said Forsyte.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Keep an eye on that technology, to really make informed and empowered choices about how you store things,” she said. “And be ready to migrate to the next thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>More resources for starting a family archive\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Preservation Week’s webinar on \u003ca href=\"https://preservationweek.org/past-webinars/collecting-and-preserving-after-tragedy-2-2-3-19/\">Disaster Preparedness and Planning\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.loc.gov/preservation/\">Library of Congress and Preservation\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://digitalpreservation.gov/\">Library of Congress and Digital Preservation \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.culturalheritage.org/\">American Institute for Conservation \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/preservation\">National Archives\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ccaha.org/resources/caring-family-treasures\">Conversator Center for Art and Historic Artifacts\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://sustainableheritagenetwork.org/\">Sustainable Heritage Network\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ala.org/\">American Library Association\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.romoe.com/en/article/rap-arcc-org_k7v45vg9.html\">Regional Alliance for Preservation\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Find \u003ca href=\"https://www.culturalheritage.org/about-conservation/find-a-conservator\">a professional conservator\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Think: Could your family archives be valuable more widely?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Maybe a family member lived through a notable period of history. Or perhaps you are part of \u003ca href=\"https://densho.org/collections/\">an underrepresented community\u003c/a> that you want to help build its own historical collections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If this is the case, you could consider donating your items to a library, local historical society, museum or archive. You can also donate physical \u003ca href=\"https://help.archive.org/\">materials to online platforms\u003c/a> like the San Francisco-based \u003ca href=\"https://help.archive.org/help/how-do-i-make-a-physical-donation-to-the-internet-archive/\">Internet Archive\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decline in many areas of archiving online might also spur you to share your family’s collection in pursuit of a bigger cause. According to the Pew Research Center, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/data-labs/2024/05/17/when-online-content-disappears/\">“a quarter of all webpages that existed at one point between 2013 and 2023 are no longer accessible,”\u003c/a> as lawsuits threaten \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12031980/what-happens-if-the-internet-archive-goes-dark\">the Internet Archive’s work\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And at the federal level, agencies have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/19/nx-s1-5317567/federal-websites-lgbtq-diversity-erased#:~:text=Race-,Trans%20people%2C%20women%2C%20people%20of%20color%20erased%20from%20federal%20sites,women%20and%20people%20of%20color.\">rapidly scrubbing\u003c/a> visual and written references to people from historically marginalized communities from government websites, including women, people of color and LGBT+ communities — as the White House has attacked \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/02/25/nx-s1-5307904/black-history-month-dei-teachers\">diversity, equity and inclusion curriculums\u003c/a> in schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thinking about donating materials? Reach out to an organization \u003cem>first \u003c/em>to see if they can even accept them, and if so, how they accept donations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Think: Whose information is this?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Donating archives relating to other people can frequently raise issues of copyright — and privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.glbthistory.org/donations-acquisitions\">The GBLT Historical Society in San Francisco’s Castro district reminds potential donors \u003c/a>that they “share a responsibility with archival staff” about whose privacy you might inadvertently be affecting by sharing family archives (for example, around a person’s medical history or their out status.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Woy75PQBpZ0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The logistics of donating your archives\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.theblackivists.com/five-tips-for-donating-your-materials\">The Blackivists\u003c/a>, an archival organization dedicated to Black American history, recommends that you always research any organization you’re thinking about donating to. Do your materials fit their mission? Are they even looking for donations right now? Do they have “\u003ca href=\"https://www.theblackivists.com/five-tips-for-donating-your-materials\">a history of building community-based relationships and preserving their materials?”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Make sure you can answer questions about your collection, like:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Who created the materials?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What types of materials are you donating? What are the formats or file types?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>When were these items created?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Where and how is the material currently being stored?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Why do you consider your materials to be important or significant?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Intent, trauma and care\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.theblackivists.com/five-tips-for-donating-your-materials\">The Blackivists’s guide notes\u003c/a>, many communities are underrepresented in archival collections, including people of color, religious minorities and people experiencing homelessness — and that your materials could be “reflective of an important moment in history,”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of that, the organization said, “They should be given to a repository that will be a good steward of what you’ve captured.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But you shouldn’t rush yourself, either. “There is potential trauma and grief attached to materials, and it may be too difficult and challenging to grapple with right now,” the Blacktivists’ guide said. “You can donate materials when you’re ready. Or not at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 11:30 a.m. August 11\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do you have a stack of old family photo albums in the attic? A cookbook by your grandmother, scrawled with her handwritten notes? Your parents’ love letters to each other that you treasure?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If so, consider yourself in possession of your family’s unique archives — and there are multiple tools and resources out there to help you preserve these important documents and memories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cultural heritage is incredibly important to our society,” said Elise Hochhalter, a book conservator at the San Francisco Public Library. “Preserving physical collections and digital collections is part of how we tell our stories as a culture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, SFPL held a workshop on safeguarding your family’s archives to mark \u003ca href=\"https://preservationweek.org/\">Preservation Week:\u003c/a> a national initiative from the American Library Association that’s chaired this year by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13938083/the-coolest-place-on-earth-the-public-library\">Bay Area librarian Mychal Threets. \u003c/a>San Francisco resident Jim Fong attended the SFPL workshop, citing his interests in making documentaries. He made one in honor of his mother, screening it during her funeral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fong stressed the importance of not waiting to start preserving your family’s history.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a project like his, “if you don’t have the source material from the early days, there’s nothing that you can count on,” Fong said. “So if anybody wants to make a documentary on their own life, or their family life, you have to start now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038806\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038806\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-08-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-08-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-08-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-08-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-08-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-08-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-08-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elise Hochhalter presents at the Preserving Your Personal Collections workshop at the Main Library in San Francisco on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The longer you wait to gather and preserve these kinds of documents, “you’re just missing out on all the family memories that you like,” Fong said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wondering whether it’s “worth” taking action to preserve your own family’s archives? SFPL’s Hochhalter has a message for you: Something “may seem inconsequential or not substantial enough, but it actually is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Community archiving is a really important thing,” she said. “Things that happen outside of the institution — and in your family — do have value.” And when it comes to your own family, “you never know what will have value in 50 years, or what will help be evidence to fill in pieces of a puzzle later on,” Hochhalter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED spoke to experts on how to best preserve documents, digitize records and how best to connect with organizations who may be interested in your archives.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>How can I safely store these physical materials?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://preservationweek.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/PWfirststep_nodate.pdf\">The American Library Association’s own guide to preservation\u003c/a> emphasizes that people shouldn’t let “the pursuit of perfection be an obstacle to getting started.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Step one is just getting an overview of everything that you have: Collecting all of your materials, collecting the shoe boxes, the various closets’ worth of things,” said Emilie van der Hoorn, the head of the SFPL’s conservation unit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038803\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038803\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-05-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-05-KQED-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-05-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-05-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-05-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250501-FAMILY-DOCUMENTS-MD-05-KQED-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emilie van der Hoorn greets attendees at the Preserving Your Personal Collections workshop at the Main Library in San Francisco on May 1, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Your next step will be assessing how and where each kind of material you’ve collected — paper, photos, books, etc. — should be stored, to preserve its life (more on this below). Make sure your hands are clean or wear gloves when handling your items generally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFPL recommends you create an inventory of your collection and regularly update it as you add more items. But stay realistic and don’t get overwhelmed, van der Hoorn said. “Don’t anticipate that you’re going to have everything digitized, cataloged, housed, and looking like the Library of Congress in a week.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is long-term work, she stressed, and “takes years to work on” — so “set yourself very small, manageable goals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039613\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039613\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/153079734_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1328\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/153079734_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/153079734_qed-800x531.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/153079734_qed-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/153079734_qed-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/153079734_qed-1536x1020.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/153079734_qed-1920x1275.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Make digital copies of old photos when possible. This will reduce how much your originals get handled, lowering the potential for damage. \u003ccite>(Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Where should materials live in my home?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Store paper items like letters and folders in a clean part of your home, somewhere free from extreme temperatures, humidity or dust. This is why the ALA suggests archives should \u003cem>not \u003c/em>be stored in basements or attics, even though you might assume collections like these might naturally be housed in such locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Be wary of areas with wild temperature swings, cautioned SFPL book conservator Savannah Adams. “You don’t want [the storage environment] to be getting really hot and really cold,” she said. “That could be worse than just it being in a consistently hot environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prevent mold by storing materials in a place with humidity levels below 60% (you can purchase a low-cost humidity sensor to monitor this) and where items aren’t touching the ground.\u003cstrong> \u003ca href=\"#A\">Jump to: What to do if materials get wet.\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Be sure to check on your materials once in a while to make sure everything is still in good condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How can I store papers?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep loose paper items in folders, SFPL said — and label everything with what’s inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Folders can then be stored in office file folders, plastic tubs or bank boxes. You can upgrade and get professional archival equipment from suppliers like \u003ca href=\"https://www.gaylord.com/\">Gaylord Archival\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://archival.com/\">Archival Products\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityproducts.com/\">University Products\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.hollingermetaledge.com/\">Hollinger Metal Edge\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFPL also suggests you avoid using Post-it notes, paper clips, staples, rubber bands or tape, which could damage your materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What about photos?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you write on the back of photos and documents, be sure to include the full names of people involved, places and dates. Use a pencil, since pens can bleed and fade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Photos can be extra sensitive in storage, so make sure any folders you’re using have passed the Photographic Activity Test — that is, that they’re made of \u003ca href=\"https://www.naa.gov.au/information-management/storing-and-preserving-information/preserving-information/preserving-photographs/about-photographic-activity-test\">material less likely\u003c/a> to damage negatives and delicate photos. (Yes, some \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityproducts.com/photo-products/photo-albums-and-pages?page=3#:~:text=One%20of%20the%20tried%20and,accommodate%20a%20variety%20of%20formats.\">photo albums do pass.\u003c/a>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How can I store books?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not every book you preserve needs to be a first edition, and can be anything that has sentimental value to you personally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It could be your favorite cookbook,” Adams said. “It could be a stack of paper that your grandmother wrote on, and you want to preserve that just for handwriting’s sake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Books specifically should be stored in an upright position or flat on the side — but never slumped or leaning to one side, Adams said. “Books are largely made up of organic material, so they will eventually start to deform based off what position they’re stored in for long periods of time,” she said. You can prevent this by using bookends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Be careful also \u003cem>how \u003c/em>you take books off a shelf, Adams said. Pull from the middle of the spine, rather than from the top of the book: that upper part of the spine can be particularly vulnerable, especially if it’s a leather-bound book.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dusting and tidying your books and shelves will also help prevent damage as well, Adams said. “The accumulation of dust that sits on the surface can actually become abrasive, depending on how long it’s there or what it’s sitting on,” she said — and dust can also be a food source for pests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039619\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2121px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039619\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-143925280.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2121\" height=\"1414\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-143925280.jpg 2121w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-143925280-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-143925280-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-143925280-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-143925280-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-143925280-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/GettyImages-143925280-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2121px) 100vw, 2121px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Prevent mold by storing materials in a place with humidity levels below 60% and where items aren’t touching the ground. \u003ccite>(Frank Rothe/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca id=\"A\">\u003c/a>What to do with water damage\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your materials get wet, move them quickly: Mold settles after 48 hours in wet and humid conditions. Fan out the pages of wet books and stand them on their edge to dry out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If there \u003cem>is \u003c/em>mold on your items, wear PPE like masks and goggles while you contain and quarantine the materials. At this point, you may need to \u003ca href=\"https://www.culturalheritage.org/about-conservation/find-a-conservator\">contact a professional conservator\u003c/a> to figure out options for restoration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Institute of Conservation also has several guides on storing \u003ca href=\"https://learning.culturalheritage.org/caring-treasures\">other physical materials,\u003c/a> including \u003ca href=\"https://learning.culturalheritage.org/files/9cde3532-8e53-4e34-ab3c-969471838713?ref_id=2039\">ceramic and glass objects\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://learning.culturalheritage.org/files/9cde3532-97dd-48e7-afda-f5abd51107c0?ref_id=2039\">metal items like jewelry\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://learning.culturalheritage.org/files/9cde3532-a8f4-4920-b81d-e2a04e9dc36a?ref_id=2039\">textiles and clothing\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://learning.culturalheritage.org/files/9cde3532-9184-4e4f-8e13-b6ac788b4de5?ref_id=2039\">furniture\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s some importance to keeping tangible objects and sentimental materials in good condition,” Adams said. And a lot of that really just has to do with preventative care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>How can you digitize your personal archives?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After you’ve safely organized and stored your materials, making digital copies of these items where possible will reduce how much your originals get handled, lowering the potential for damage. It’ll also allow you to more easily share your collection with other family members and people online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can digitize items like:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Documents, like letters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Photographs\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>VHS videotapes\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Floppy disks\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Super 8 film\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Slides\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Photo negatives\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Audiocassettes\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>CDs\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Digitizing materials can be a time-consuming process, so remember: you don’t have to do it for every single item you’re archiving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for where to store these materials digitally, cloud-based options include \u003ca href=\"https://cloud.google.com/storage\">Google Cloud Storage\u003c/a>, Apple’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.icloud.com/\">iCloud\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://mega.io/\">Mega\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pcloud.com/\">pCloud\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.synology.com/en-us\">Synology\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://nextcloud.com/\">NextCloud\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.plex.com/platform/cloud-infrastructure-and-security\">Plex\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jackie Forsyte, audio-visual archivist with Teach Archive Preserve Exhibit in Los Angeles, emphasized on KQED Forum that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101910698/how-to-create-a-family-archive\">the cloud is “just somebody else’s computer\u003c/a> … not this nebulous ‘in the air’ thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if you are worried about the privacy of your items, you can also create your own backup system using hard drives – something that you exercise more control over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Take a moment and assess what photos and videos are most important to you that are on your iPhone,” recommended Forsyte, then those items “to a physical device as a backup for that larger thing,” she said. “You’re not going be able to download everything, but having just those beautiful choices of what matters to you is essential.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider following \u003ca href=\"https://www.armstrongarchives.com/3-2-1-rule-data-backup/\">the “3-2-1 Rule,” which sees you make three copies of each item: for example, one copy stored in the cloud, another on a hard drive and the third saved as a\u003c/a> backup in a different geographical location, for safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wherever you store items digitally, be sure to come up with an easy-to-follow and descriptive file-naming practice, so you can find documents after some time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Library of Congress has a\u003ca href=\"https://digitalpreservation.gov/personalarchiving/\"> thorough guide detailing the at-home digitizing process, including how best to scan your items \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://loc.gov/preservation/resources/rfs/\">the recommended digital formats\u003c/a> in which you should save materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can also seek help digitizing your materials – especially if you are worried about damage – from organizations including:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://sfpl.org/locations/main-library/digicenter/diy-digi-lab\">DIY Digi Lab\u003c/a> in San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://bavc.org/\">Bay Area Video Coalition Media\u003c/a> in San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.digitalrevolution.tv/\">Digital Revolution\u003c/a> in San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sunsetmediapreservation.com/\">Sunset Media Preservation\u003c/a> in San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mementopress.com/\">Memento Press\u003c/a> in Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.analog-to-digital.net/\">Analog to Digital\u003c/a> in Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://av-workshop.com/\">Audio Video Workshop\u003c/a> in Redwood City\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.denevi.com/\">Denevi Digital Imaging\u003c/a> in Sunnyvale\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.digitalrootsstudio.com/\">Digital Roots Studio\u003c/a> in Albany.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Your local library may also have a “memory lab” to help you archive materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remember, digital archives aren’t always confined to scans of analogue items. Consider also archiving sentimental materials that were born digitally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/columnist/komando/2023/01/15/how-save-those-important-voicemails-your-smartphone-forever/11048824002/\">your voicemails\u003c/a> would likely need to be re-saved as a .MP3 or .WAV file. Files can be saved as PDFs, and data as a .CSV document. Use a website crawler like the \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/\">Wayback Machine\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://preservica.com/\">Preservica to \u003c/a>save websites and social media posts, which \u003ca href=\"https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/computerscience_fac_pubs/153/\">you can also export as a WARC file\u003c/a>. Want to archive meaningful emails? You can store these messages through \u003ca href=\"https://www.mailstore.com/en/\">MailStore\u003c/a> or export them from your account as \u003ca href=\"https://support.apple.com/guide/mail/import-or-export-mailboxes-mlhlp1030/mac\">a .mbox file\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don’t forget about archiving digital photos either, SFPL’s van der Hoorn said: “It’s easy to overlook what you have on your phone, in your old drives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And keep in mind: a major part of digital preservation is knowing that something widely used today may be obsolete tomorrow, said Forsyte.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Keep an eye on that technology, to really make informed and empowered choices about how you store things,” she said. “And be ready to migrate to the next thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>More resources for starting a family archive\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Preservation Week’s webinar on \u003ca href=\"https://preservationweek.org/past-webinars/collecting-and-preserving-after-tragedy-2-2-3-19/\">Disaster Preparedness and Planning\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.loc.gov/preservation/\">Library of Congress and Preservation\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://digitalpreservation.gov/\">Library of Congress and Digital Preservation \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.culturalheritage.org/\">American Institute for Conservation \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/preservation\">National Archives\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ccaha.org/resources/caring-family-treasures\">Conversator Center for Art and Historic Artifacts\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://sustainableheritagenetwork.org/\">Sustainable Heritage Network\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ala.org/\">American Library Association\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.romoe.com/en/article/rap-arcc-org_k7v45vg9.html\">Regional Alliance for Preservation\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Find \u003ca href=\"https://www.culturalheritage.org/about-conservation/find-a-conservator\">a professional conservator\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Think: Could your family archives be valuable more widely?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Maybe a family member lived through a notable period of history. Or perhaps you are part of \u003ca href=\"https://densho.org/collections/\">an underrepresented community\u003c/a> that you want to help build its own historical collections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If this is the case, you could consider donating your items to a library, local historical society, museum or archive. You can also donate physical \u003ca href=\"https://help.archive.org/\">materials to online platforms\u003c/a> like the San Francisco-based \u003ca href=\"https://help.archive.org/help/how-do-i-make-a-physical-donation-to-the-internet-archive/\">Internet Archive\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decline in many areas of archiving online might also spur you to share your family’s collection in pursuit of a bigger cause. According to the Pew Research Center, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/data-labs/2024/05/17/when-online-content-disappears/\">“a quarter of all webpages that existed at one point between 2013 and 2023 are no longer accessible,”\u003c/a> as lawsuits threaten \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12031980/what-happens-if-the-internet-archive-goes-dark\">the Internet Archive’s work\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And at the federal level, agencies have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/19/nx-s1-5317567/federal-websites-lgbtq-diversity-erased#:~:text=Race-,Trans%20people%2C%20women%2C%20people%20of%20color%20erased%20from%20federal%20sites,women%20and%20people%20of%20color.\">rapidly scrubbing\u003c/a> visual and written references to people from historically marginalized communities from government websites, including women, people of color and LGBT+ communities — as the White House has attacked \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/02/25/nx-s1-5307904/black-history-month-dei-teachers\">diversity, equity and inclusion curriculums\u003c/a> in schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thinking about donating materials? Reach out to an organization \u003cem>first \u003c/em>to see if they can even accept them, and if so, how they accept donations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Think: Whose information is this?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Donating archives relating to other people can frequently raise issues of copyright — and privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.glbthistory.org/donations-acquisitions\">The GBLT Historical Society in San Francisco’s Castro district reminds potential donors \u003c/a>that they “share a responsibility with archival staff” about whose privacy you might inadvertently be affecting by sharing family archives (for example, around a person’s medical history or their out status.)\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/Woy75PQBpZ0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/Woy75PQBpZ0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The logistics of donating your archives\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.theblackivists.com/five-tips-for-donating-your-materials\">The Blackivists\u003c/a>, an archival organization dedicated to Black American history, recommends that you always research any organization you’re thinking about donating to. Do your materials fit their mission? Are they even looking for donations right now? Do they have “\u003ca href=\"https://www.theblackivists.com/five-tips-for-donating-your-materials\">a history of building community-based relationships and preserving their materials?”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Make sure you can answer questions about your collection, like:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Who created the materials?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What types of materials are you donating? What are the formats or file types?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>When were these items created?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Where and how is the material currently being stored?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Why do you consider your materials to be important or significant?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Intent, trauma and care\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.theblackivists.com/five-tips-for-donating-your-materials\">The Blackivists’s guide notes\u003c/a>, many communities are underrepresented in archival collections, including people of color, religious minorities and people experiencing homelessness — and that your materials could be “reflective of an important moment in history,”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of that, the organization said, “They should be given to a repository that will be a good steward of what you’ve captured.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But you shouldn’t rush yourself, either. “There is potential trauma and grief attached to materials, and it may be too difficult and challenging to grapple with right now,” the Blacktivists’ guide said. “You can donate materials when you’re ready. Or not at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026143/que-hacer-si-se-topa-con-ice\">\u003cem>Leer en español\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2024/07/22/what-we-know-about-unauthorized-immigrants-living-in-the-us/\">close to 2 million undocumented residents\u003c/a> — and 8% of households include a family member without a permanent legal status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, President Donald Trump’s return to the White House has brought \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12023560/bay-area-officials-vow-uphold-sanctuary-immigrants-despite-threats-from-trump\">promises of “mass deportations,”\u003c/a> high-profile raids by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/06/27/us/ice-arrests-trump.html?smid=url-share&rsrc=deeplink#ice_arrests_California\">a sharp rise in immigration arrests in California.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Bay Area, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12024332/ice-raids-in-california-how-to-sort-fact-from-rumor-online\">rumors of ICE sightings\u003c/a> continue to spread alongside news of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050993/a-day-in-the-life-of-san-joses-rapid-response-network-built-to-resist-ice-fear\">real, verified operations by immigration agents\u003c/a>. And even after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12061545/bay-area-spared-from-federal-immigration-enforcement-surge-officials-say\">a “surge” of federal immigration enforcement planned in the region\u003c/a> for the week of Oct. 20 was called off, Bay Area residents remain on high alert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As NPR has noted, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/09/05/nx-s1-5517998/ice-arrest-rules-explained\">immigration agents are frequently given wide latitude\u003c/a> in the line of duty – meaning a good number of the tactics witnessed by the public since Trump’s inauguration, while shocking to many, are likely legal. And despite \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bonta-reminds-california-immigrants-their-rights-and\">California’s relatively strong stance on protecting undocumented families\u003c/a>, people without legal status in the United States have always been at risk of deportations.[aside postID='news_12024332,news_12047506,news_12026817,news_11871364' label='Related Explainers']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in stressful, uncertain times like these, advocates have emphasized that one of the best things people can do is to \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/news/politics/immigration-california-students-know-your-rights\">know their rights\u003c/a>. Keep reading for what activists and legal experts say people should know about when dealing with immigration officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may also be helpful to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ilrc.org/red-cards-tarjetas-rojas\">carry a card that details your rights\u003c/a>, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.ilrc.org/red-cards-tarjetas-rojas\">this printable version from the Immigrant Legal Resource Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bear in mind that the information below is not legal advice, and it’s recommended that you consult an immigration attorney for guidance on your specific situation.(\u003ca href=\"#lawyer\">Jump straight to a list of free or low-cost lawyers in the Bay Area\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Q. How can I recognize if someone is actually an ICE agent?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>ICE agents can sometimes wear uniforms or gear that suggests they are police officers or probation officers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusocal.org/en/icenotwelcome\">according to the American Civil Liberties Union Southern California\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This can sometimes help \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/02/21/516488396/without-warrants-immigration-agents-often-pose-as-police-officers\">agents enter a home without a warrant\u003c/a>. In 2018, several \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11642905/s-f-police-commissioners-want-ice-agents-to-stop-impersonating-police\">San Francisco police commissioners called on ICE\u003c/a> to stop \u003ca href=\"https://www.immigrantdefenseproject.org/raids-foia/\">these practices\u003c/a>, saying it interfered with local policing. ICE agents can also wear civilian clothes or plain dark clothing with a bulletproof vest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police officers, however, usually wear a more specific-looking uniform “with identifying insignias,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusocal.org/en/icenotwelcome\">says ACLU SoCal\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Q. What is the difference between ICE and CBP?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>ICE and Customs and Border Protection (CBP) are both immigration enforcement agencies within the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/LSB/LSB10362\">ICE conducts enforcement within the U.S.\u003c/a> and manages detention and deportation operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP conducts inspections at all U.S. “ports of entry” — at land borders, seaports and airports. And the Border Patrol, which is part of CBP, polices the land borders in between the official ports of entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar to ICE, CBP officers may have “police” written prominently on their uniform. “U.S. Customs and Border Protection” may be written on their sleeve or on their back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal law grants additional powers to CBP within \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights/border-zone\">a wide border zone\u003c/a> that the government has defined as 100 air miles from an “external boundary” of the U.S. Within that zone — which \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11801962/immigration-advocates-call-sending-border-patrol-agents-to-sanctuary-cities-a-scare-tactic\">covers most coastal cities in the country, as well as the entire Bay Area\u003c/a> — \u003ca href=\"https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/LSB/LSB10559\">CBP officers and Border Patrol agents can stop and question people\u003c/a> and board vessels, buses and trains to search for unauthorized immigrants without a warrant. They would still \u003ca href=\"https://www.acluaz.org/sites/default/files/field_documents/aclu_border_rights.pdf\">need a warrant — or consent — to enter a house\u003c/a>, however.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent months, Border Patrol agents have been deployed to American cities, including Los Angeles and Chicago, to conduct immigration arrests that would ordinarily be handled by ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In spite of this “dissolving” of the distinction between ICE and CBP functions, Bree Bernwanger, a senior attorney at the ACLU of Northern California, says, “both agencies are bound by the same laws and the same rules, especially in the interior of the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11695291\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11695291\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro.jpg\" alt=\"A U.S. Customs and Border Protection officer at the San Ysidro port of entry. One of the U.S.-citizen children separated recently is a seven-year-old boy who was taken from his Mexican mother at the San Ysidro port of entry after the two presented themselves legally and asked for asylum.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officer at the San Ysidro port of entry. \u003ccite>(Mario Tama/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“And that’s true in the Bay Area, even though we are close to this maritime border,” said Bernwanger. “That doesn’t matter: If you’re a person walking down the street, if you’re a person driving your private car, Border Patrol and ICE are bound by the same rules.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In these scenarios, “they have to have a reason to stop you,” said Bernwanger. They have to have a reason to suspect that you’re violating an immigration law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most cases, both ICE and CBP also require a judicial warrant to enter a private property and an administrative warrant to make an arrest (more on this below.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Q. Wat should I say to ICE or CBP if they approach me?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>CBP and ICE powers at border checkpoints — including airports and land crossings – are strongest. Here, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/09/05/nx-s1-5517998/ice-arrest-rules-explained\">officers can ask questions, carry out personal searches and detain people\u003c/a> with wide latitude, Ahilan Arulanantham, co-director of the UCLA School of Law’s Center for Immigration Law & Policy, told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But outside of this specific border context, Arulanantham stressed the difference between a “consensual” encounter with immigration agents – where you have the right to leave — and a detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“T\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/09/05/nx-s1-5517998/ice-arrest-rules-explained\">he first question anyone should ask\u003c/a> if they feel uncomfortable when approached by any officer is ‘Am I free to leave?’ If the officer says they are, then they should exercise their right to leave,” Arulanantham told NPR. “If the officer tries not to answer, the individual should repeat the question until they get a response.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates stress that you also have the right to remain silent, in all cases, when it comes to encountering ICE agents. If — for whatever reason — \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusocal.org/en/icenotwelcome\">it’s not possible for you to remain silent, ACLU SoCal suggests\u003c/a> taking the following steps — while prioritizing your physical safety:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ask the right questions:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Ask to see a badge or business card\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Ask if they have a warrant signed by a judge\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Ask for their name and title (and write it down)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Make sure the encounter is witnessed somehow:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Find or enlist another person to witness the encounter, like someone else in your house or someone passing by\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Record the encounter yourself or have someone else do it — and ask them to identify which agency they’re with in the video.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>You can send the video or audio of the encounter to advocacy organizations, for example \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusocal.org/en/mobilejustice\">the ACLU’s Mobile Justice app\u003c/a>, for them to evaluate whether the footage might show any potential abuses of authority. KQED also has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11871364/recording-the-police-what-to-know-and-how-to-stay-safe-doing-it\">a guide on your rights when filming officers\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12024332/ice-raids-in-california-how-to-sort-fact-from-rumor-online\">how to report ICE activity to local advocates\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Q. What should I do if I’m at home and an ICE agent knocks on my door?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Under the Fourth Amendment, if ICE agents or any law enforcement officer — comes to your door and wants to enter your home, they either need:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>To present a warrant signed by a judge (not just an administrative warrant from their agency) OR\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Your consent to enter your home\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Agents \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/2025/01/27/ice-warrants-undocumented-immigrants-raids-arrests\">could also technically enter without permission if they report hearing an emergency happening\u003c/a> inside the home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you don’t want the agent to come in, legal advocates say, you don’t have to open the door unless the agent shows you a judicial warrant. (\u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/resources/know-your-rights-what-to-do-if-arrested-detained-immigration/\">Advocates suggest asking the agent to slide the warrant under the door\u003c/a> or hold it up to a window where you can read it so you don’t have to step outside.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ICE will often trick you into giving consent by saying they are investigating a crime or need to ‘take a quick look around’ or ‘come in to talk,” warns the National Immigrant Law Center (NILC).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a judge does not sign the warrant, NILC says you can tell the agent that you do not want to talk right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Q. What do I do if an officer approaches me on the street or public transportation and asks my immigration status?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Your rights are strongest in your home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, if you encounter ICE agents outside your home and you don’t have any documentation, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/resources/know-your-rights-what-to-do-if-arrested-detained-immigration/\">you have the right to remain silent\u003c/a> and refuse to answer any questions. You also have a right to a lawyer, \u003ca href=\"https://sahanjournal.com/immigration/know-your-rights-ice-minnesota-resources/#:~:text=Because%20immigration%20violations%20are%20not,by%20local%20law%20enforcement%20does.\">although one may not be provided for you by the government\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law \u003ca href=\"https://cilawgroup.com/news/2014/01/23/foreign-national-in-the-u-s-what-documents-should-i-carry-with-me/\">requires noncitizens to carry their papers, such as \u003c/a>a \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/save/current-user-agencies/commonly-used-immigration-documents\">green card or Employment Authorization Document\u003c/a>, with them — and if you have such papers, you should show them to the agent. You still, however, have the right to remain silent while you’re doing so.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Q. What is the difference between an administrative warrant and a judicial warrant?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>To enter \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/LSB10362\">private property like a home or the non-public areas of a business\u003c/a>, ICE and CBP officers \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/2025-Subpoenas-Warrants_.pdf\">need a judicial warrant\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To arrest a person, ICE and CBP officers generally need an administrative warrant (signed by an ICE or CBP supervisor.) However, they can make an arrest without a warrant if they see a person illegally entering the country or they have “reason to believe” a person is here illegally and likely to escape before they can get a warrant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, even if an immigration officer proceeds with arresting you, you still have constitutional protections, including the right to remain silent so you don’t say something that could incriminate you. Immigration officers cannot detain you without “reasonable suspicion” of a crime, and they cannot search you or your belongings without “probable cause” — unless you give your consent.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Q. What if I’m at work and immigration officers approach me and my colleagues?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/EmployerGuide-NELP-NILC-2017-07-1.pdf\">tends to go to a workplace for three reasons\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>To perform a document audit to check if employees have work authorization\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>To conduct a raid — \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/EmployerGuide-NELP-NILC-2017-07-1.pdf\">meaning, in this case\u003c/a>, going to a workplace without informing the employer beforehand\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>To detain a specific person\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>ICE agents can freely enter public areas of a workplace, such as a dining area in a restaurant, a parking lot or a lobby or waiting area. But it does not give them the right to stop, question or arrest just anyone in those spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12013975\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12013975\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM.jpg\" alt=\"A person in jeans and a t-shirt stands while someone with a vest and gun ties something around them.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents transfer an immigrant after an early morning raid on June 6, 2022. \u003ccite>(Damian Dovarganes/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Agents cannot enter \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/EmployerGuide-NELP-NILC-2017-07-1.pdf\">a private area of the business without permission or a judicial warrant\u003c/a>. Ask to see this warrant, and see if it is signed by a judge. A judicial warrant is \u003cem>not the same\u003c/em> as an administrative warrant, which is signed by an ICE supervisor and generally assists the agent in making arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/resources/a-guide-for-employers-what-to-do-if-immigration-comes-to-your-workplace/\">an immigration officer comes to your place of work\u003c/a>, you do not have to answer questions or answer questions about other employees. But \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/resources/know-your-rights-what-to-do-if-arrested-detained-immigration/\">the National Immigration Law Center stresses not to run away\u003c/a> — instead, they recommend that it’s “safer to continue working, ask if you are being detained, and calmly ask if you may leave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you have the ability to record the agents and if they do have a warrant, make sure they are doing what the warrant is allowing them to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Q. What do I do if ICE has detained me?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>You still have\u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/resources/know-your-rights-what-to-do-if-arrested-detained-immigration/\"> the right to remain silent\u003c/a> and the right to a lawyer. However, you should not lie about your immigration status, according to the National Immigration Law Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do \u003cem>not\u003c/em> sign any documents without speaking to a lawyer first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Note the officer who detained you by writing down their name and number.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You still have the right to receive calls when detained. The government \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/resources/know-your-rights-what-to-do-if-arrested-detained-immigration/\">will not provide you with a lawyer\u003c/a>, so you or your family will need to secure one on your own.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Q. How can I find someone who’s been detained by ICE?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Use ICE’s online system\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the person is an adult, you can use\u003ca href=\"https://locator.ice.gov/odls/#/search\"> ICE’s own Online Detainee Locator System\u003c/a> to search for them, or you can call \u003ca href=\"https://www.help.cbp.gov/s/article/Article-1706?language=en_US\">(866) 347-2423\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You will need to have\u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2025-06-27/what-to-do-if-relative-detained-immigration-officials\"> the person’s information\u003c/a>, like:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Their A-number, or the “alien registration number,” which is assigned by the Department of Homeland Security. This number can be found on a green card, work permit or other immigration documents, and is usually \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/glossary-term/50684#:~:text=or%20A%23)-,A%2DNumber/Alien%20Registration%20Number/Alien%20Number%20(,A%2DNumber%20or%20A%23)&text=A%20unique%20seven%2D%2C%20eight%2D,Also%20see%20USCIS%20Number.\">7, 8 or 9 digits\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Their full name\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Their country of birth\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Their date of birth\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>According to the\u003ca href=\"https://help.asylumadvocacy.org/faqs-other-topics/#detained-loved-one\"> Asylum Seeker Advocacy Project\u003c/a>, it may take a few days for a person to appear in this ICE database.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the name you’re searching for isn’t showing up in the ICE system, or if you’re worried about their safety and possible deportation, you can seek out assistance from advocacy organizations like\u003ca href=\"https://www.freedomforimmigrants.org/\"> Freedom for Immigrants\u003c/a> through\u003ca href=\"https://www.freedomforimmigrants.org/reunite\"> their form online\u003c/a> or by calling 209-757-3733. (There’s more on resources for free or low-cost legal support below.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Check the Bureau of Prisons’ search tool\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the NILC, \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2025-02-12/trump-administration-immigrants-dublin-federal-prison\">this year\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/How-to-Locate-a-ICE-Disappearance.pdf\">“CE began using prisons run by the Bureau of Prisons (BOP) to hold people for immigration cases.” \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can use \u003ca href=\"https://www.bop.gov/inmateloc/\">the Bureau of Prisons’ search tool\u003c/a> to look up a person. NILC says that people who are being held by the Bureau of Prisons should also show up in \u003ca href=\"https://locator.ice.gov/odls/#/search\">the ICE online locator system\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you know someone was detained nearby one of these prisons, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bop.gov/locations/map.jsp?region=WXR\">you can try calling that individual facility\u003c/a> too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Looking for a minor?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are trying to find a minor you suspect has been detained, you can call ICE at 1-800-203-7001.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can also email the\u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/assets/documents/2018-Jun/next-steps-for-families.pdf\"> Office of Refugee Resettlement\u003c/a> at information@ORRNCC.com.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Reach out to an ICE field office\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ICE Enforcement and Removal Operations field office is in San Francisco, with an area of responsibility that includes \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/field-office/san-francisco-field-office\">Northern California, Hawaii, Guam and Saipan\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can contact theSF field office – which is located at 630 Sansome Street – by phone at (415) 365-8800 or by email at \u003ca href=\"mailto:SanFrancisco.Outreach@ice.dhs.gov\">SanFrancisco.Outreach@ice.dhs.gov\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Please note: NILC warns that if you’re calling or emailing a field office, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/How-to-Locate-a-ICE-Disappearance.pdf\">“don’t give more information than you need to,”\u003c/a> and “only give the necessary A number or basic information, like name and country of birth, that you would use in the online locator.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you can’t reach anyone at the field office, San Francisco has an ICE Community Relations Officer, who can be reached at \u003ca href=\"mailto:CommunityRelations.SanFrancisco@ice.dhs.gov\">CommunityRelations.SanFrancisco@ice.dhs.gov\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Call a detention facility\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE’s website lists \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detention-facilities\">five detention facilities\u003c/a> associated with the agency’s San Francisco field office, but not all of them are in the Bay Area or even California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If\u003ca href=\"https://www.usa.gov/detained-by-ice\"> you know someone is being held at a detention facility\u003c/a>, you can call to try to get more information about them. The facilities include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detain/detention-facilities/golden-state-annex\">Golden State Annex\u003c/a>, located in McFarland. The number is (661) 792-2731, and you can call between 8 a.m. and 3:30 p.m.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detain/detention-facilities/mesa-verde-ice-processing-facility\">The Mesa Verde ICE Processing Center\u003c/a>, located in Bakersfield. You can call (661) 859-1028 between 8 a.m. and 3:30 p.m.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detain/detention-facilities/federal-detention-center-honolulu-fdc-honolulu\">Federal Detention Center, Honolulu\u003c/a>, located in Hawaii. You can call (808) 529-1970 between 8 a.m. and 3 p.m. Hawaii is three hours behind San Francisco.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detain/detention-facilities/guam-department-corrections-hagatna-detention-facility\">Guam Department of Corrections, Hagatna Detention Facility\u003c/a>, is in Guam. You can call (671) 777-2976 between the hours of 7:30 a.m. and 3:30 p.m. Guam is 17 hours ahead of San Francisco.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detain/detention-facilities/cnmi-department-corrections\">CNMI Department of Corrections\u003c/a> is in Saipan. You can call (670) 237-6000 between the hours of 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. Saipan is 17 hours ahead of San Francisco.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>According to ICE’s website, people detained cannot receive incoming calls. You would have to leave a message with the office, along with the detainee’s full name, alien registration number, as well as your name and telephone number where you can be reached.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Contact the person’s consulate \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/How-to-Locate-a-ICE-Disappearance.pdf\">the NILC\u003c/a>, “All immigrants in ICE jails \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detain/detention-management/national-detainee-handbook\">have the right\u003c/a> to contact their country’s consulate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can also try contacting this office yourself in an effort to find a person. However, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/How-to-Locate-a-ICE-Disappearance.pdf\">NILC strongly suggests\u003c/a> that you do \u003ci>not\u003c/i> do this if the person is applying for asylum or fears for their life back in said country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KPBS, the NPR and PBS station of San Diego, has a video guide on how to use publicly available data released by ICE:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"tiktok-embed\" style=\"max-width: 605px; min-width: 325px;\" cite=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@kpbssandiego/video/7521816864264162591\" data-video-id=\"7521816864264162591\">\n\u003csection>\u003ca title=\"@kpbssandiego\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@kpbssandiego?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@kpbssandiego\u003c/a> Did you know that the federal government has a public spreadsheet that shows you exactly who is being held in immigration detention? It gives you an up-to-date picture of what is going on around the country, and is available for anyone to look up at any time. KPBS San Diego’s border reporter Gustavo Solis is here to show you how to access it. \u003ca title=\"sandiego\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/sandiego?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#sandiego\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"border\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/border?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#border\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"usmexicoborder\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/usmexicoborder?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#usmexicoborder\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"ice\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/ice?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#ice\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"immigration\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/immigration?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#immigration\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"♬ original sound - KPBS San Diego\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/music/original-sound-KPBS-San-Diego-7521821993948252959?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">♬ original sound – KPBS San Diego\u003c/a>\u003c/section>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>[tiktok]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Immigration Coverage' tag='immigration']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Look up their possible court date\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are worried someone is being subject to expedited removal, check if they have a court hearing. “If someone has a pending court date, they have not yet been subject to expedited removal,” said Jordan Weiner, the legal director of the Removal Defense Program at La Raza Centro Legal in San Francisco. “But once expedited removal is applied, their court date will go away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can search for someone’s next hearing date by using their A number on the \u003ca href=\"https://acis.eoir.justice.gov/en/\">Executive Office for Immigration Review’s website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People who are especially vulnerable to quick deportation without a hearing are those who are detained and do not have information showing up on the EOIR website – because they were never issued a notice to appear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If someone has their case dismissed or didn’t show up on the system and then later shows up with an upcoming court date, “this likely means they passed \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12047018/how-legal-experts-advocates-are-responding-to-the-detention-of-asylum-seekers\">their credible fear interview\u003c/a> and are back in proceedings before an immigration judge,” Weiner explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Which is good because it means they can fight their case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Hotlines for ICE encounters and sightings:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Immigration advocates highly encourage people who think they have seen ICE sightings in their neighborhood to call them instead of posting on social media. With these hotlines, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12024332/ice-raids-in-california-how-to-sort-fact-from-rumor-online\">the advocates can fact-check these sightings\u003c/a>. This practice aims to prevent the spread of misinformation online, which can ripple to larger panic in the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These numbers can change, so be sure to visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccijustice.org/carrn\">California Collaborative for Immigrant Justice’s updated hotline list on their website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://immigrants.sf.gov/help/rapid-response\">San Francisco’s 24-hour hotline\u003c/a> to either report ICE sightings or get legal assistance: \u003cstrong>415-200-1548\u003c/strong>. This is run by the \u003ca href=\"https://sfilen.org/\">San Francisco Immigrant Legal & Education Network\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.centrolegal.org/acilep/\">Alameda County\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>510-437-1554\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://pactsj.org/\">Santa Clara County\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>408-290-1144\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://montereycountyrrn.com/\">Monterey County\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>831-204-8082\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/YARRsantacruz/\">Santa Cruz County\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>831-239-4289\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.marinrrn.org/\">Marin County\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>415-991-4545\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://podersf.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Northern-California-Rapid-Response-Network.pdf\">San Mateo County\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>203-666-4472\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://standtogethercontracosta.org/\">Contra Costa County\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>925-900-5151\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sacramento County: \u003cstrong>916-382-0256\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sirenimmigrantrights.org/\">Services, Immigration Rights and Education Network\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>201-468-6088\u003c/strong> or \u003cstrong>918-609-4480\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://northbayop.org/rapidresponse/\">Sonoma, Solano and Napa Counties\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>707- 800-4544\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusocal.org/en/mobilejustice\">Mobile Justice\u003c/a>, which sends information, incident reporting, and more to the ACLU\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>If someone is inside a detention facility, they can dial \u003cstrong>9233# from a facility phone\u003c/strong> on Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Thursdays to reach the \u003ca href=\"https://www.freedomforimmigrants.org/resources\">National Immigration Detention Hotline\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>More contacts can be found on \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccijustice.org/carrn\">California Collaborative for Immigrant Justice’s website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"lawyer\">\u003c/a>Selected resources for free or low-cost legal support:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.centrolegal.org/\">Centro Legal de la Raza\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.larazacrc.org/\">La Raza Community\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.missionaction.org/find-services/\">Mission Action\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://mujeresunidas.net/en/programas/\">Mujeres Unidas y Activas\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.asianlawcaucus.org/\">Asian Law Center\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://immigrantsrising.org/\">Immigrants Rising\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://unitedwedream.org/our-work/undocuhealth-wellness/\">UndocuHealth\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://iibayarea.org/get-involved/\">Immigration Institute of the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.chirla.org/\">Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfbar.org/jdc/immigrant-legal-defense/attorney-of-the-day-resources-for-our-immigrant-community/\">Bar Association of San Francisco\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.immigrationadvocates.org/nonprofit/legaldirectory/search?state=CA\">National Immigration Legal Services Directory for California\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.informedimmigrant.com/help/\">Informed Immigrant\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://help.asylumadvocacy.org/private-attorneys/\">Private immigration lawyer look-up\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story contains reporting from KQED’s Tyche Hendricks and Carly Severn.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026143/que-hacer-si-se-topa-con-ice\">\u003cem>Leer en español\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2024/07/22/what-we-know-about-unauthorized-immigrants-living-in-the-us/\">close to 2 million undocumented residents\u003c/a> — and 8% of households include a family member without a permanent legal status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, President Donald Trump’s return to the White House has brought \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12023560/bay-area-officials-vow-uphold-sanctuary-immigrants-despite-threats-from-trump\">promises of “mass deportations,”\u003c/a> high-profile raids by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/06/27/us/ice-arrests-trump.html?smid=url-share&rsrc=deeplink#ice_arrests_California\">a sharp rise in immigration arrests in California.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Bay Area, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12024332/ice-raids-in-california-how-to-sort-fact-from-rumor-online\">rumors of ICE sightings\u003c/a> continue to spread alongside news of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050993/a-day-in-the-life-of-san-joses-rapid-response-network-built-to-resist-ice-fear\">real, verified operations by immigration agents\u003c/a>. And even after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12061545/bay-area-spared-from-federal-immigration-enforcement-surge-officials-say\">a “surge” of federal immigration enforcement planned in the region\u003c/a> for the week of Oct. 20 was called off, Bay Area residents remain on high alert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As NPR has noted, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/09/05/nx-s1-5517998/ice-arrest-rules-explained\">immigration agents are frequently given wide latitude\u003c/a> in the line of duty – meaning a good number of the tactics witnessed by the public since Trump’s inauguration, while shocking to many, are likely legal. And despite \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bonta-reminds-california-immigrants-their-rights-and\">California’s relatively strong stance on protecting undocumented families\u003c/a>, people without legal status in the United States have always been at risk of deportations.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in stressful, uncertain times like these, advocates have emphasized that one of the best things people can do is to \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/news/politics/immigration-california-students-know-your-rights\">know their rights\u003c/a>. Keep reading for what activists and legal experts say people should know about when dealing with immigration officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may also be helpful to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ilrc.org/red-cards-tarjetas-rojas\">carry a card that details your rights\u003c/a>, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.ilrc.org/red-cards-tarjetas-rojas\">this printable version from the Immigrant Legal Resource Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bear in mind that the information below is not legal advice, and it’s recommended that you consult an immigration attorney for guidance on your specific situation.(\u003ca href=\"#lawyer\">Jump straight to a list of free or low-cost lawyers in the Bay Area\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Q. How can I recognize if someone is actually an ICE agent?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>ICE agents can sometimes wear uniforms or gear that suggests they are police officers or probation officers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusocal.org/en/icenotwelcome\">according to the American Civil Liberties Union Southern California\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This can sometimes help \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/02/21/516488396/without-warrants-immigration-agents-often-pose-as-police-officers\">agents enter a home without a warrant\u003c/a>. In 2018, several \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11642905/s-f-police-commissioners-want-ice-agents-to-stop-impersonating-police\">San Francisco police commissioners called on ICE\u003c/a> to stop \u003ca href=\"https://www.immigrantdefenseproject.org/raids-foia/\">these practices\u003c/a>, saying it interfered with local policing. ICE agents can also wear civilian clothes or plain dark clothing with a bulletproof vest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police officers, however, usually wear a more specific-looking uniform “with identifying insignias,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusocal.org/en/icenotwelcome\">says ACLU SoCal\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Q. What is the difference between ICE and CBP?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>ICE and Customs and Border Protection (CBP) are both immigration enforcement agencies within the Department of Homeland Security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/LSB/LSB10362\">ICE conducts enforcement within the U.S.\u003c/a> and manages detention and deportation operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP conducts inspections at all U.S. “ports of entry” — at land borders, seaports and airports. And the Border Patrol, which is part of CBP, polices the land borders in between the official ports of entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar to ICE, CBP officers may have “police” written prominently on their uniform. “U.S. Customs and Border Protection” may be written on their sleeve or on their back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal law grants additional powers to CBP within \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights/border-zone\">a wide border zone\u003c/a> that the government has defined as 100 air miles from an “external boundary” of the U.S. Within that zone — which \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11801962/immigration-advocates-call-sending-border-patrol-agents-to-sanctuary-cities-a-scare-tactic\">covers most coastal cities in the country, as well as the entire Bay Area\u003c/a> — \u003ca href=\"https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/LSB/LSB10559\">CBP officers and Border Patrol agents can stop and question people\u003c/a> and board vessels, buses and trains to search for unauthorized immigrants without a warrant. They would still \u003ca href=\"https://www.acluaz.org/sites/default/files/field_documents/aclu_border_rights.pdf\">need a warrant — or consent — to enter a house\u003c/a>, however.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent months, Border Patrol agents have been deployed to American cities, including Los Angeles and Chicago, to conduct immigration arrests that would ordinarily be handled by ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In spite of this “dissolving” of the distinction between ICE and CBP functions, Bree Bernwanger, a senior attorney at the ACLU of Northern California, says, “both agencies are bound by the same laws and the same rules, especially in the interior of the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11695291\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11695291\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro.jpg\" alt=\"A U.S. Customs and Border Protection officer at the San Ysidro port of entry. One of the U.S.-citizen children separated recently is a seven-year-old boy who was taken from his Mexican mother at the San Ysidro port of entry after the two presented themselves legally and asked for asylum.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officer at the San Ysidro port of entry. \u003ccite>(Mario Tama/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“And that’s true in the Bay Area, even though we are close to this maritime border,” said Bernwanger. “That doesn’t matter: If you’re a person walking down the street, if you’re a person driving your private car, Border Patrol and ICE are bound by the same rules.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In these scenarios, “they have to have a reason to stop you,” said Bernwanger. They have to have a reason to suspect that you’re violating an immigration law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most cases, both ICE and CBP also require a judicial warrant to enter a private property and an administrative warrant to make an arrest (more on this below.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Q. Wat should I say to ICE or CBP if they approach me?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>CBP and ICE powers at border checkpoints — including airports and land crossings – are strongest. Here, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/09/05/nx-s1-5517998/ice-arrest-rules-explained\">officers can ask questions, carry out personal searches and detain people\u003c/a> with wide latitude, Ahilan Arulanantham, co-director of the UCLA School of Law’s Center for Immigration Law & Policy, told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But outside of this specific border context, Arulanantham stressed the difference between a “consensual” encounter with immigration agents – where you have the right to leave — and a detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“T\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/09/05/nx-s1-5517998/ice-arrest-rules-explained\">he first question anyone should ask\u003c/a> if they feel uncomfortable when approached by any officer is ‘Am I free to leave?’ If the officer says they are, then they should exercise their right to leave,” Arulanantham told NPR. “If the officer tries not to answer, the individual should repeat the question until they get a response.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates stress that you also have the right to remain silent, in all cases, when it comes to encountering ICE agents. If — for whatever reason — \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusocal.org/en/icenotwelcome\">it’s not possible for you to remain silent, ACLU SoCal suggests\u003c/a> taking the following steps — while prioritizing your physical safety:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ask the right questions:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Ask to see a badge or business card\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Ask if they have a warrant signed by a judge\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Ask for their name and title (and write it down)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Make sure the encounter is witnessed somehow:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Find or enlist another person to witness the encounter, like someone else in your house or someone passing by\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Record the encounter yourself or have someone else do it — and ask them to identify which agency they’re with in the video.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>You can send the video or audio of the encounter to advocacy organizations, for example \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusocal.org/en/mobilejustice\">the ACLU’s Mobile Justice app\u003c/a>, for them to evaluate whether the footage might show any potential abuses of authority. KQED also has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11871364/recording-the-police-what-to-know-and-how-to-stay-safe-doing-it\">a guide on your rights when filming officers\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12024332/ice-raids-in-california-how-to-sort-fact-from-rumor-online\">how to report ICE activity to local advocates\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Q. What should I do if I’m at home and an ICE agent knocks on my door?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Under the Fourth Amendment, if ICE agents or any law enforcement officer — comes to your door and wants to enter your home, they either need:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>To present a warrant signed by a judge (not just an administrative warrant from their agency) OR\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Your consent to enter your home\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Agents \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/2025/01/27/ice-warrants-undocumented-immigrants-raids-arrests\">could also technically enter without permission if they report hearing an emergency happening\u003c/a> inside the home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you don’t want the agent to come in, legal advocates say, you don’t have to open the door unless the agent shows you a judicial warrant. (\u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/resources/know-your-rights-what-to-do-if-arrested-detained-immigration/\">Advocates suggest asking the agent to slide the warrant under the door\u003c/a> or hold it up to a window where you can read it so you don’t have to step outside.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ICE will often trick you into giving consent by saying they are investigating a crime or need to ‘take a quick look around’ or ‘come in to talk,” warns the National Immigrant Law Center (NILC).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a judge does not sign the warrant, NILC says you can tell the agent that you do not want to talk right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Q. What do I do if an officer approaches me on the street or public transportation and asks my immigration status?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Your rights are strongest in your home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, if you encounter ICE agents outside your home and you don’t have any documentation, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/resources/know-your-rights-what-to-do-if-arrested-detained-immigration/\">you have the right to remain silent\u003c/a> and refuse to answer any questions. You also have a right to a lawyer, \u003ca href=\"https://sahanjournal.com/immigration/know-your-rights-ice-minnesota-resources/#:~:text=Because%20immigration%20violations%20are%20not,by%20local%20law%20enforcement%20does.\">although one may not be provided for you by the government\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law \u003ca href=\"https://cilawgroup.com/news/2014/01/23/foreign-national-in-the-u-s-what-documents-should-i-carry-with-me/\">requires noncitizens to carry their papers, such as \u003c/a>a \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/save/current-user-agencies/commonly-used-immigration-documents\">green card or Employment Authorization Document\u003c/a>, with them — and if you have such papers, you should show them to the agent. You still, however, have the right to remain silent while you’re doing so.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Q. What is the difference between an administrative warrant and a judicial warrant?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>To enter \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/LSB10362\">private property like a home or the non-public areas of a business\u003c/a>, ICE and CBP officers \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/2025-Subpoenas-Warrants_.pdf\">need a judicial warrant\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To arrest a person, ICE and CBP officers generally need an administrative warrant (signed by an ICE or CBP supervisor.) However, they can make an arrest without a warrant if they see a person illegally entering the country or they have “reason to believe” a person is here illegally and likely to escape before they can get a warrant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, even if an immigration officer proceeds with arresting you, you still have constitutional protections, including the right to remain silent so you don’t say something that could incriminate you. Immigration officers cannot detain you without “reasonable suspicion” of a crime, and they cannot search you or your belongings without “probable cause” — unless you give your consent.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Q. What if I’m at work and immigration officers approach me and my colleagues?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>ICE \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/EmployerGuide-NELP-NILC-2017-07-1.pdf\">tends to go to a workplace for three reasons\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>To perform a document audit to check if employees have work authorization\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>To conduct a raid — \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/EmployerGuide-NELP-NILC-2017-07-1.pdf\">meaning, in this case\u003c/a>, going to a workplace without informing the employer beforehand\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>To detain a specific person\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>ICE agents can freely enter public areas of a workplace, such as a dining area in a restaurant, a parking lot or a lobby or waiting area. But it does not give them the right to stop, question or arrest just anyone in those spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12013975\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12013975\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM.jpg\" alt=\"A person in jeans and a t-shirt stands while someone with a vest and gun ties something around them.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/02_060622-ICE-Immigration-AP-CM-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents transfer an immigrant after an early morning raid on June 6, 2022. \u003ccite>(Damian Dovarganes/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Agents cannot enter \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/EmployerGuide-NELP-NILC-2017-07-1.pdf\">a private area of the business without permission or a judicial warrant\u003c/a>. Ask to see this warrant, and see if it is signed by a judge. A judicial warrant is \u003cem>not the same\u003c/em> as an administrative warrant, which is signed by an ICE supervisor and generally assists the agent in making arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/resources/a-guide-for-employers-what-to-do-if-immigration-comes-to-your-workplace/\">an immigration officer comes to your place of work\u003c/a>, you do not have to answer questions or answer questions about other employees. But \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/resources/know-your-rights-what-to-do-if-arrested-detained-immigration/\">the National Immigration Law Center stresses not to run away\u003c/a> — instead, they recommend that it’s “safer to continue working, ask if you are being detained, and calmly ask if you may leave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you have the ability to record the agents and if they do have a warrant, make sure they are doing what the warrant is allowing them to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Q. What do I do if ICE has detained me?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>You still have\u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/resources/know-your-rights-what-to-do-if-arrested-detained-immigration/\"> the right to remain silent\u003c/a> and the right to a lawyer. However, you should not lie about your immigration status, according to the National Immigration Law Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do \u003cem>not\u003c/em> sign any documents without speaking to a lawyer first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Note the officer who detained you by writing down their name and number.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You still have the right to receive calls when detained. The government \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/resources/know-your-rights-what-to-do-if-arrested-detained-immigration/\">will not provide you with a lawyer\u003c/a>, so you or your family will need to secure one on your own.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Q. How can I find someone who’s been detained by ICE?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Use ICE’s online system\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the person is an adult, you can use\u003ca href=\"https://locator.ice.gov/odls/#/search\"> ICE’s own Online Detainee Locator System\u003c/a> to search for them, or you can call \u003ca href=\"https://www.help.cbp.gov/s/article/Article-1706?language=en_US\">(866) 347-2423\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You will need to have\u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2025-06-27/what-to-do-if-relative-detained-immigration-officials\"> the person’s information\u003c/a>, like:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Their A-number, or the “alien registration number,” which is assigned by the Department of Homeland Security. This number can be found on a green card, work permit or other immigration documents, and is usually \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/glossary-term/50684#:~:text=or%20A%23)-,A%2DNumber/Alien%20Registration%20Number/Alien%20Number%20(,A%2DNumber%20or%20A%23)&text=A%20unique%20seven%2D%2C%20eight%2D,Also%20see%20USCIS%20Number.\">7, 8 or 9 digits\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Their full name\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Their country of birth\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Their date of birth\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>According to the\u003ca href=\"https://help.asylumadvocacy.org/faqs-other-topics/#detained-loved-one\"> Asylum Seeker Advocacy Project\u003c/a>, it may take a few days for a person to appear in this ICE database.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the name you’re searching for isn’t showing up in the ICE system, or if you’re worried about their safety and possible deportation, you can seek out assistance from advocacy organizations like\u003ca href=\"https://www.freedomforimmigrants.org/\"> Freedom for Immigrants\u003c/a> through\u003ca href=\"https://www.freedomforimmigrants.org/reunite\"> their form online\u003c/a> or by calling 209-757-3733. (There’s more on resources for free or low-cost legal support below.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Check the Bureau of Prisons’ search tool\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the NILC, \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2025-02-12/trump-administration-immigrants-dublin-federal-prison\">this year\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/How-to-Locate-a-ICE-Disappearance.pdf\">“CE began using prisons run by the Bureau of Prisons (BOP) to hold people for immigration cases.” \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can use \u003ca href=\"https://www.bop.gov/inmateloc/\">the Bureau of Prisons’ search tool\u003c/a> to look up a person. NILC says that people who are being held by the Bureau of Prisons should also show up in \u003ca href=\"https://locator.ice.gov/odls/#/search\">the ICE online locator system\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you know someone was detained nearby one of these prisons, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bop.gov/locations/map.jsp?region=WXR\">you can try calling that individual facility\u003c/a> too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Looking for a minor?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are trying to find a minor you suspect has been detained, you can call ICE at 1-800-203-7001.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can also email the\u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/assets/documents/2018-Jun/next-steps-for-families.pdf\"> Office of Refugee Resettlement\u003c/a> at information@ORRNCC.com.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Reach out to an ICE field office\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ICE Enforcement and Removal Operations field office is in San Francisco, with an area of responsibility that includes \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/field-office/san-francisco-field-office\">Northern California, Hawaii, Guam and Saipan\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can contact theSF field office – which is located at 630 Sansome Street – by phone at (415) 365-8800 or by email at \u003ca href=\"mailto:SanFrancisco.Outreach@ice.dhs.gov\">SanFrancisco.Outreach@ice.dhs.gov\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Please note: NILC warns that if you’re calling or emailing a field office, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/How-to-Locate-a-ICE-Disappearance.pdf\">“don’t give more information than you need to,”\u003c/a> and “only give the necessary A number or basic information, like name and country of birth, that you would use in the online locator.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you can’t reach anyone at the field office, San Francisco has an ICE Community Relations Officer, who can be reached at \u003ca href=\"mailto:CommunityRelations.SanFrancisco@ice.dhs.gov\">CommunityRelations.SanFrancisco@ice.dhs.gov\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Call a detention facility\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE’s website lists \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detention-facilities\">five detention facilities\u003c/a> associated with the agency’s San Francisco field office, but not all of them are in the Bay Area or even California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If\u003ca href=\"https://www.usa.gov/detained-by-ice\"> you know someone is being held at a detention facility\u003c/a>, you can call to try to get more information about them. The facilities include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detain/detention-facilities/golden-state-annex\">Golden State Annex\u003c/a>, located in McFarland. The number is (661) 792-2731, and you can call between 8 a.m. and 3:30 p.m.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detain/detention-facilities/mesa-verde-ice-processing-facility\">The Mesa Verde ICE Processing Center\u003c/a>, located in Bakersfield. You can call (661) 859-1028 between 8 a.m. and 3:30 p.m.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detain/detention-facilities/federal-detention-center-honolulu-fdc-honolulu\">Federal Detention Center, Honolulu\u003c/a>, located in Hawaii. You can call (808) 529-1970 between 8 a.m. and 3 p.m. Hawaii is three hours behind San Francisco.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detain/detention-facilities/guam-department-corrections-hagatna-detention-facility\">Guam Department of Corrections, Hagatna Detention Facility\u003c/a>, is in Guam. You can call (671) 777-2976 between the hours of 7:30 a.m. and 3:30 p.m. Guam is 17 hours ahead of San Francisco.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detain/detention-facilities/cnmi-department-corrections\">CNMI Department of Corrections\u003c/a> is in Saipan. You can call (670) 237-6000 between the hours of 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. Saipan is 17 hours ahead of San Francisco.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>According to ICE’s website, people detained cannot receive incoming calls. You would have to leave a message with the office, along with the detainee’s full name, alien registration number, as well as your name and telephone number where you can be reached.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Contact the person’s consulate \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/How-to-Locate-a-ICE-Disappearance.pdf\">the NILC\u003c/a>, “All immigrants in ICE jails \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detain/detention-management/national-detainee-handbook\">have the right\u003c/a> to contact their country’s consulate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can also try contacting this office yourself in an effort to find a person. However, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/How-to-Locate-a-ICE-Disappearance.pdf\">NILC strongly suggests\u003c/a> that you do \u003ci>not\u003c/i> do this if the person is applying for asylum or fears for their life back in said country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KPBS, the NPR and PBS station of San Diego, has a video guide on how to use publicly available data released by ICE:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"tiktok-embed\" style=\"max-width: 605px; min-width: 325px;\" cite=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@kpbssandiego/video/7521816864264162591\" data-video-id=\"7521816864264162591\">\n\u003csection>\u003ca title=\"@kpbssandiego\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@kpbssandiego?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@kpbssandiego\u003c/a> Did you know that the federal government has a public spreadsheet that shows you exactly who is being held in immigration detention? It gives you an up-to-date picture of what is going on around the country, and is available for anyone to look up at any time. KPBS San Diego’s border reporter Gustavo Solis is here to show you how to access it. \u003ca title=\"sandiego\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/sandiego?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#sandiego\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"border\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/border?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#border\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"usmexicoborder\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/usmexicoborder?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#usmexicoborder\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"ice\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/ice?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#ice\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"immigration\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/immigration?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#immigration\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"♬ original sound - KPBS San Diego\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/music/original-sound-KPBS-San-Diego-7521821993948252959?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">♬ original sound – KPBS San Diego\u003c/a>\u003c/section>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Look up their possible court date\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are worried someone is being subject to expedited removal, check if they have a court hearing. “If someone has a pending court date, they have not yet been subject to expedited removal,” said Jordan Weiner, the legal director of the Removal Defense Program at La Raza Centro Legal in San Francisco. “But once expedited removal is applied, their court date will go away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can search for someone’s next hearing date by using their A number on the \u003ca href=\"https://acis.eoir.justice.gov/en/\">Executive Office for Immigration Review’s website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People who are especially vulnerable to quick deportation without a hearing are those who are detained and do not have information showing up on the EOIR website – because they were never issued a notice to appear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If someone has their case dismissed or didn’t show up on the system and then later shows up with an upcoming court date, “this likely means they passed \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12047018/how-legal-experts-advocates-are-responding-to-the-detention-of-asylum-seekers\">their credible fear interview\u003c/a> and are back in proceedings before an immigration judge,” Weiner explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Which is good because it means they can fight their case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Hotlines for ICE encounters and sightings:\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Immigration advocates highly encourage people who think they have seen ICE sightings in their neighborhood to call them instead of posting on social media. With these hotlines, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12024332/ice-raids-in-california-how-to-sort-fact-from-rumor-online\">the advocates can fact-check these sightings\u003c/a>. This practice aims to prevent the spread of misinformation online, which can ripple to larger panic in the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These numbers can change, so be sure to visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccijustice.org/carrn\">California Collaborative for Immigrant Justice’s updated hotline list on their website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://immigrants.sf.gov/help/rapid-response\">San Francisco’s 24-hour hotline\u003c/a> to either report ICE sightings or get legal assistance: \u003cstrong>415-200-1548\u003c/strong>. This is run by the \u003ca href=\"https://sfilen.org/\">San Francisco Immigrant Legal & Education Network\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.centrolegal.org/acilep/\">Alameda County\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>510-437-1554\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://pactsj.org/\">Santa Clara County\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>408-290-1144\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://montereycountyrrn.com/\">Monterey County\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>831-204-8082\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/YARRsantacruz/\">Santa Cruz County\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>831-239-4289\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.marinrrn.org/\">Marin County\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>415-991-4545\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://podersf.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Northern-California-Rapid-Response-Network.pdf\">San Mateo County\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>203-666-4472\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://standtogethercontracosta.org/\">Contra Costa County\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>925-900-5151\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sacramento County: \u003cstrong>916-382-0256\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sirenimmigrantrights.org/\">Services, Immigration Rights and Education Network\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>201-468-6088\u003c/strong> or \u003cstrong>918-609-4480\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://northbayop.org/rapidresponse/\">Sonoma, Solano and Napa Counties\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>707- 800-4544\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusocal.org/en/mobilejustice\">Mobile Justice\u003c/a>, which sends information, incident reporting, and more to the ACLU\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>If someone is inside a detention facility, they can dial \u003cstrong>9233# from a facility phone\u003c/strong> on Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Thursdays to reach the \u003ca href=\"https://www.freedomforimmigrants.org/resources\">National Immigration Detention Hotline\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>More contacts can be found on \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccijustice.org/carrn\">California Collaborative for Immigrant Justice’s website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"lawyer\">\u003c/a>Selected resources for free or low-cost legal support:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.centrolegal.org/\">Centro Legal de la Raza\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.larazacrc.org/\">La Raza Community\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.missionaction.org/find-services/\">Mission Action\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://mujeresunidas.net/en/programas/\">Mujeres Unidas y Activas\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.asianlawcaucus.org/\">Asian Law Center\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://immigrantsrising.org/\">Immigrants Rising\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://unitedwedream.org/our-work/undocuhealth-wellness/\">UndocuHealth\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://iibayarea.org/get-involved/\">Immigration Institute of the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.chirla.org/\">Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfbar.org/jdc/immigrant-legal-defense/attorney-of-the-day-resources-for-our-immigrant-community/\">Bar Association of San Francisco\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.immigrationadvocates.org/nonprofit/legaldirectory/search?state=CA\">National Immigration Legal Services Directory for California\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.informedimmigrant.com/help/\">Informed Immigrant\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://help.asylumadvocacy.org/private-attorneys/\">Private immigration lawyer look-up\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story contains reporting from KQED’s Tyche Hendricks and Carly Severn.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
"title": "Close All Tabs",
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
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"code-switch-life-kit": {
"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"here-and-now": {
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
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"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
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