window.__IS_SSR__=true
window.__INITIAL_STATE__={
"attachmentsReducer": {
"audio_0": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_0",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background0.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_1": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_1",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background1.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_2": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_2",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background2.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_3": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_3",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background3.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_4": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_4",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background4.jpg"
}
}
},
"placeholder": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "placeholder",
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 512,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"small": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 32,
"height": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 50,
"height": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 64,
"height": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 96,
"height": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 128,
"height": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333
}
}
},
"science_1956604": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1956604",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1956604",
"found": true
},
"parent": 0,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Snowpack2020_FI-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Snowpack2020_FI-160x90.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 90
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Snowpack2020_FI-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Snowpack2020_FI.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Snowpack2020_FI-1020x574.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 574
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Snowpack2020_FI-1920x1080.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1080
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Snowpack2020_FI-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 450
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/Snowpack2020_FI-768x432.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 432
}
},
"publishDate": 1581014791,
"modified": 1581015085,
"caption": "Satellite view of Yosemite Valley. The 'before' image was taken Feb. 6, 2019; the 'after' image on Feb. 1, 2020.",
"description": null,
"title": "Snowpack2020_FI",
"credit": "Planet",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1956620": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1956620",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1956620",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1956614,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41165_49435312328_e2223bd3ce_o-qut-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41165_49435312328_e2223bd3ce_o-qut-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41165_49435312328_e2223bd3ce_o-qut-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41165_49435312328_e2223bd3ce_o-qut.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41165_49435312328_e2223bd3ce_o-qut-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41165_49435312328_e2223bd3ce_o-qut-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41165_49435312328_e2223bd3ce_o-qut-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41165_49435312328_e2223bd3ce_o-qut-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 512
}
},
"publishDate": 1581018268,
"modified": 1581019881,
"caption": "Mike Stoker addresses an Arizona audience about the Navigable Waters Protection Rule on Jan. 23, 2020. ",
"description": null,
"title": "-",
"credit": "Los Angeles District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"news_11799418": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "news_11799418",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11799418",
"found": true
},
"parent": 11799297,
"imgSizes": {
"apple_news_ca_landscape_5_5": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-1044x783.jpg",
"width": 1044,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 783
},
"apple_news_ca_square_4_0": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-470x470.jpg",
"width": 470,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 470
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-160x108.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 108
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1294
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_4_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-632x474.jpg",
"width": 632,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 474
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-1020x687.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 687
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_4_0": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-536x402.jpg",
"width": 536,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 402
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_12_9": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-1122x1294.jpg",
"width": 1122,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1294
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-800x539.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 539
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_4_0": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-354x472.jpg",
"width": 354,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 472
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_9_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-840x1120.jpg",
"width": 840,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1120
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_12_9": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-1832x1294.jpg",
"width": 1832,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1294
},
"apple_news_ca_square_9_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-1104x1104.jpg",
"width": 1104,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1104
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_4_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-414x552.jpg",
"width": 414,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 552
},
"apple_news_ca_square_12_9": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-1472x1294.jpg",
"width": 1472,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1294
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_5_5": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-687x916.jpg",
"width": 687,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 916
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-1920x1294.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1294
},
"apple_news_ca_square_4_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-550x550.jpg",
"width": 550,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 550
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_9_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-1376x1032.jpg",
"width": 1376,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1032
},
"apple_news_ca_square_5_5": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1583045-912x912.jpg",
"width": 912,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 912
}
},
"publishDate": 1580509584,
"modified": 1581016448,
"caption": "Much of the Marina District is built on artificial fill and suffered widespread damage, including liquefaction, during the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake.",
"description": null,
"title": "General view of the Marina district disaster zone",
"credit": "Otto Greule Jr./Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1956563": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1956563",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1956563",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1956561,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41133_GettyImages-651935424-qut-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41133_GettyImages-651935424-qut-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41133_GettyImages-651935424-qut-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41133_GettyImages-651935424-qut.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41133_GettyImages-651935424-qut-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41133_GettyImages-651935424-qut-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41133_GettyImages-651935424-qut-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41133_GettyImages-651935424-qut-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 512
}
},
"publishDate": 1580950710,
"modified": 1580950785,
"caption": "A gas-powered generating station is seen in the San Fernando Valley on March 10, 2017 in Sun Valley, California. ",
"description": null,
"title": "RS41133_GettyImages-651935424-qut",
"credit": "David McNew/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"news_11798086": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "news_11798086",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11798086",
"found": true
},
"parent": 11798083,
"imgSizes": {
"apple_news_ca_landscape_5_5": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-1044x783.jpg",
"width": 1044,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 783
},
"apple_news_ca_square_4_0": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-470x470.jpg",
"width": 470,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 470
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-e1580946378521.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_4_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-632x474.jpg",
"width": 632,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 474
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_4_0": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-536x402.jpg",
"width": 536,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 402
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_12_9": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-1122x1496.jpg",
"width": 1122,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1496
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_4_0": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-354x472.jpg",
"width": 354,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 472
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_9_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-840x1120.jpg",
"width": 840,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1120
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_12_9": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-1832x1374.jpg",
"width": 1832,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1374
},
"apple_news_ca_square_9_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-1104x1104.jpg",
"width": 1104,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1104
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_4_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-414x552.jpg",
"width": 414,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 552
},
"apple_news_ca_square_12_9": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-1472x1472.jpg",
"width": 1472,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1472
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_5_5": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-687x916.jpg",
"width": 687,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 916
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"apple_news_ca_square_4_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-550x550.jpg",
"width": 550,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 550
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_9_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-1376x1032.jpg",
"width": 1376,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1032
},
"apple_news_ca_square_5_5": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/GettyImages-1201971516-912x912.jpg",
"width": 912,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 912
}
},
"publishDate": 1580068023,
"modified": 1580946505,
"caption": "Democratic presidential candidate and former Vice President Joe Biden speaks during a campaign event inside the John Deere Exhibition Hall at the FFA Enrichment Center on Jan. 25 in Ankeny, Iowa.",
"description": "Democratic presidential candidate and former Vice President Joe Biden speaks during a campaign event inside the John Deere Exhibition Hall at the FFA Enrichment Center on Jan. 25 in Ankeny, Iowa.",
"title": "Democratic Presidential Candidate Joe Biden Campaigns In Iowa",
"credit": "Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1956520": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1956520",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1956520",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1956515,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41118_Crotchs-bumble-bee_20180622_214309_XS-SMcK-qut-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41118_Crotchs-bumble-bee_20180622_214309_XS-SMcK-qut-160x160.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 160
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41118_Crotchs-bumble-bee_20180622_214309_XS-SMcK-qut-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41118_Crotchs-bumble-bee_20180622_214309_XS-SMcK-qut.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1920
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41118_Crotchs-bumble-bee_20180622_214309_XS-SMcK-qut-1020x1020.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1020
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41118_Crotchs-bumble-bee_20180622_214309_XS-SMcK-qut-1920x1920.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1920
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41118_Crotchs-bumble-bee_20180622_214309_XS-SMcK-qut-800x800.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 800
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/RS41118_Crotchs-bumble-bee_20180622_214309_XS-SMcK-qut-768x768.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 768
}
},
"publishDate": 1580928998,
"modified": 1580929035,
"caption": "Crotch's bumble bee.",
"description": null,
"title": "RS41118_Crotchs-bumble-bee_20180622_214309_XS-SMcK-qut",
"credit": "Credit: Xerces Society / Stephanie McKnight",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"news_11800060": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "news_11800060",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11800060",
"found": true
},
"parent": 11800048,
"imgSizes": {
"apple_news_ca_landscape_5_5": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-1044x783.jpg",
"width": 1044,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 783
},
"apple_news_ca_square_4_0": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-470x470.jpg",
"width": 470,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 470
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-160x112.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 112
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1343
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_4_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-632x474.jpg",
"width": 632,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 474
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-1020x713.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 713
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_4_0": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-536x402.jpg",
"width": 536,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 402
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_12_9": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-1122x1343.jpg",
"width": 1122,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1343
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-800x560.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 560
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_4_0": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-354x472.jpg",
"width": 354,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 472
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_9_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-840x1120.jpg",
"width": 840,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1120
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_12_9": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-1832x1343.jpg",
"width": 1832,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1343
},
"apple_news_ca_square_9_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-1104x1104.jpg",
"width": 1104,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1104
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_4_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-414x552.jpg",
"width": 414,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 552
},
"apple_news_ca_square_12_9": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-1472x1343.jpg",
"width": 1472,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1343
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_5_5": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-687x916.jpg",
"width": 687,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 916
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-1920x1343.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1343
},
"apple_news_ca_square_4_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-550x550.jpg",
"width": 550,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 550
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_9_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-1376x1032.jpg",
"width": 1376,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1032
},
"apple_news_ca_square_5_5": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/exitplan_020420_final-912x912.jpg",
"width": 912,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 912
}
},
"publishDate": 1580862403,
"modified": 1580862429,
"caption": null,
"description": null,
"title": "exitplan_020420_final",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"news_11784837": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "news_11784837",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11784837",
"found": true
},
"parent": 11784767,
"imgSizes": {
"apple_news_ca_landscape_5_5": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-1044x783.jpg",
"width": 1044,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 783
},
"apple_news_ca_square_4_0": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-470x470.jpg",
"width": 470,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 470
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-e1572903966123.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_4_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-632x474.jpg",
"width": 632,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 474
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-1200x800.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 800
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_4_0": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-536x402.jpg",
"width": 536,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 402
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_12_9": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-1122x1496.jpg",
"width": 1122,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1496
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_4_0": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-354x472.jpg",
"width": 354,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 472
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_9_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-840x1120.jpg",
"width": 840,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1120
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_12_9": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-1832x1374.jpg",
"width": 1832,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1374
},
"apple_news_ca_square_9_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-1104x1104.jpg",
"width": 1104,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1104
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_4_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-414x552.jpg",
"width": 414,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 552
},
"apple_news_ca_square_12_9": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-1472x1472.jpg",
"width": 1472,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1472
},
"apple_news_ca_portrait_5_5": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-687x916.jpg",
"width": 687,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 916
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"apple_news_ca_square_4_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-550x550.jpg",
"width": 550,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 550
},
"apple_news_ca_landscape_9_7": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-1376x1032.jpg",
"width": 1376,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1032
},
"apple_news_ca_square_5_5": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/GettyImages-1178415471-912x912.jpg",
"width": 912,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 912
}
},
"publishDate": 1572903839,
"modified": 1573676853,
"caption": "Firefighters watch a backfire set near PG&E transmission lines on Oct. 26, 2019, during the battle against the Kincade Fire in Sonoma County. ",
"description": "Firefighters watch a backfire set near PG&E transmission lines on Oct. 26, 2019, during the battle against the Kincade Fire in Sonoma County. ",
"title": "US-CALIFORNIA-FIRE-EMERGENCY",
"credit": "Philip Pacheco/AFP-Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1956452": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1956452",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1956452",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1956446,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/N3-Ranch-_-Photography-67-1280x852-1038x576.jpeg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/N3-Ranch-_-Photography-67-1280x852-160x107.jpeg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/N3-Ranch-_-Photography-67-1280x852-672x372.jpeg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/N3-Ranch-_-Photography-67-1280x852.jpeg",
"width": 1280,
"height": 852
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/N3-Ranch-_-Photography-67-1280x852-1020x679.jpeg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 679
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/N3-Ranch-_-Photography-67-1280x852-800x533.jpeg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/02/N3-Ranch-_-Photography-67-1280x852-768x511.jpeg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 511
}
},
"publishDate": 1580774505,
"modified": 1589590145,
"caption": "The N3 Cattle Company Ranch in Livermore, 45 miles east of San Francisco, is a possible location for the first new state park in a decade.",
"description": null,
"title": "N3-Ranch-_-Photography-67-1280x852",
"credit": "California Outdoor Properties",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1956369": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1956369",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1956369",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1956362,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/1280_6iaQaiPRYXu4-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/1280_6iaQaiPRYXu4-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/1280_6iaQaiPRYXu4-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/1280_6iaQaiPRYXu4.jpg",
"width": 1279,
"height": 853
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/1280_6iaQaiPRYXu4-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/1280_6iaQaiPRYXu4-800x534.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 534
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/1280_6iaQaiPRYXu4-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 512
}
},
"publishDate": 1580506516,
"modified": 1580506644,
"caption": "Gray whales feed in Arctic waters off Alaska in the summer and swim south in the winter to rear their young.",
"description": "Group of gray whales swim",
"title": "1280_6iaQaiPRYXu4",
"credit": "ASAMM/AFSC",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"news_11742389": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "news_11742389",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11742389",
"found": true
},
"parent": 11742385,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/pge-paradise-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/pge-paradise-160x103.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 103
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/pge-paradise-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/pge-paradise-e1556118255603.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1241
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/pge-paradise-1020x660.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 660
},
"complete_open_graph": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/pge-paradise-1200x776.jpg",
"width": 1200,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 776
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/pge-paradise-1920x1242.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1242
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/pge-paradise-800x517.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 517
}
},
"publishDate": 1556118177,
"modified": 1593664850,
"caption": "PG&E crews work to restore utility services in Paradise on Feb. 1, 2019.",
"description": "PG&E crews work to restore utility services in Paradise on Feb. 1, 2019.",
"title": "US-FIRE-UTILITY",
"credit": "Josh Edelson/AFP/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"science_1956382": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "science_1956382",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1956382",
"found": true
},
"parent": 1956379,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS41061_GettyImages-1133886397-qut-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS41061_GettyImages-1133886397-qut-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS41061_GettyImages-1133886397-qut-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS41061_GettyImages-1133886397-qut.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS41061_GettyImages-1133886397-qut-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS41061_GettyImages-1133886397-qut-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS41061_GettyImages-1133886397-qut-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS41061_GettyImages-1133886397-qut-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 512
}
},
"publishDate": 1580512170,
"modified": 1580512272,
"caption": "California Attorney General Xavier Becerra. ",
"description": null,
"title": "RS41061_GettyImages-1133886397-qut",
"credit": "Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
}
},
"audioPlayerReducer": {
"postId": "stream_live",
"isPaused": true,
"isPlaying": false,
"pfsActive": false,
"pledgeModalIsOpen": true,
"playerDrawerIsOpen": false,
"liveAudioPlayStartedAt": 0,
"liveAudioPlayContext": ""
},
"authorsReducer": {
"byline_news_11799970": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_news_11799970",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_news_11799970",
"name": "Michael Liedtke \u003cbr> Associated Press",
"isLoading": false
},
"gmarzorati": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "227",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "227",
"found": true
},
"name": "Guy Marzorati",
"firstName": "Guy",
"lastName": "Marzorati",
"slug": "gmarzorati",
"email": "gmarzorati@KQED.org",
"display_author_email": true,
"staff_mastheads": [
"news"
],
"title": "Correspondent",
"bio": "Guy Marzorati is a correspondent on KQED's California Politics and Government Desk, based in San Jose. A graduate of Santa Clara University, Guy joined KQED in 2013. He reports on state and local politics and produces KQED's digital voter guide.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e7038b8dbfd55b104369b76b1cd0b9de?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "guymarzorati",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "forum",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "elections",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "liveblog",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Guy Marzorati | KQED",
"description": "Correspondent",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e7038b8dbfd55b104369b76b1cd0b9de?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e7038b8dbfd55b104369b76b1cd0b9de?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/gmarzorati"
},
"kdomara": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "1459",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "1459",
"found": true
},
"name": "Kelly O'Mara",
"firstName": "Kelly",
"lastName": "O'Mara",
"slug": "kdomara",
"email": "komara@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [
"news"
],
"title": "KQED Contributor",
"bio": "Kelly O'Mara is a writer and reporter in the San Francisco Bay Area. She writes about food, health, sports, travel, business and California news. Her work has appeared on KQED, online for Outside Magazine, epsnW, VICE and in Competitor Magazine, among others. Follow Kelly on Twitter \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/kellydomara\">@kellydomara\u003c/a>.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/768fec7412028b72f13bdd0f5f9d8186?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "arts",
"roles": []
},
{
"site": "news",
"roles": []
},
{
"site": "bayareabites",
"roles": []
},
{
"site": "stateofhealth",
"roles": []
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": []
},
{
"site": "checkplease",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "food",
"roles": []
},
{
"site": "forum",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "liveblog",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Kelly O'Mara | KQED",
"description": "KQED Contributor",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/768fec7412028b72f13bdd0f5f9d8186?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/768fec7412028b72f13bdd0f5f9d8186?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/kdomara"
},
"markfiore": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "3236",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "3236",
"found": true
},
"name": "Mark Fiore",
"firstName": "Mark",
"lastName": "Fiore",
"slug": "markfiore",
"email": "mark@markfiore.com",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [
"news"
],
"title": "KQED News Cartoonist",
"bio": "\u003ca href=\"http://www.MarkFiore.com\">MarkFiore.com\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/markfiore\">Follow on Twitter\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/pages/Mark-Fiore-Animated-Political-Cartoons/94451707396?ref=bookmarks\">Facebook\u003c/a> | \u003ca href=\"mailto:mark@markfiore.com\">email\u003c/a>\r\n\r\nPulitzer Prize-winner, Mark Fiore, who the Wall Street Journal has called “the undisputed guru of the form,” creates animated political cartoons in San Francisco, where his work has been featured regularly on the San Francisco Chronicle’s web site, SFGate.com. His work has appeared on Newsweek.com, Slate.com, CBSNews.com, MotherJones.com, DailyKos.com and NPR’s web site. Fiore’s political animation has appeared on CNN, Frontline, Bill Moyers Journal, Salon.com and cable and broadcast outlets across the globe.\r\n\r\nBeginning his professional life by drawing traditional political cartoons for newspapers, Fiore’s work appeared in publications ranging from the Washington Post to the Los Angeles Times. In the late 1990s, he began to experiment with animating political cartoons and, after a short stint at the San Jose Mercury News as their staff cartoonist, Fiore devoted all his energies to animation.\r\nGrowing up in California, Fiore also spent a good portion of his life in the backwoods of Idaho. It was this combination that shaped him politically. Mark majored in political science at Colorado College, where, in a perfect send-off for a cartoonist, he received his diploma in 1991 as commencement speaker Dick Cheney smiled approvingly.\r\nMark Fiore was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for political cartooning in 2010, a Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award in 2004 and has twice received an Online Journalism Award for commentary from the Online News Association (2002, 2008). Fiore has received two awards for his work in new media from the National Cartoonists Society (2001, 2002), and in 2006 received The James Madison Freedom of Information Award from The Society of Professional Journalists.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "MarkFiore",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": "https://www.instagram.com/markfiore/?hl=en",
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "arts",
"roles": [
"contributor"
]
},
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "futureofyou",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Mark Fiore | KQED",
"description": "KQED News Cartoonist",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/fc4e2a612b15b67bad0c6f0e1db4ca9b?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/markfiore"
},
"mlagos": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "3239",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "3239",
"found": true
},
"name": "Marisa Lagos",
"firstName": "Marisa",
"lastName": "Lagos",
"slug": "mlagos",
"email": "mlagos@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [
"news"
],
"title": "KQED Contributor",
"bio": "Marisa Lagos is a correspondent for KQED’s California Politics and Government Desk and co-hosts the award-winning show and podcast, Political Breakdown. At KQED, Lagos also conducts reporting, analysis and investigations into state, local and national politics for radio, TV, online and onstage. In 2022, she and co-host, Scott Shafer, moderated the only gubernatorial debate in California. In 2020, the \u003ci>Washington Post\u003c/i> named her one of the top political journalists in California; she was nominated for a Peabody and won several other awards for her work investigating the 2017 California wildfires. She has worked at the \u003ci>San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/i>, \u003ci>San Francisco Examiner\u003c/i> and \u003ci>Los Angeles Times\u003c/i>. A UC Santa Barbara graduate, she lives in San Francisco with her two sons and husband.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a261a0d3696fc066871ef96b85b5e7d2?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "@mlagos",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "arts",
"roles": [
"author"
]
},
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "forum",
"roles": [
"author"
]
},
{
"site": "liveblog",
"roles": [
"author"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Marisa Lagos | KQED",
"description": "KQED Contributor",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a261a0d3696fc066871ef96b85b5e7d2?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a261a0d3696fc066871ef96b85b5e7d2?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/mlagos"
},
"kqedscience": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "6387",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "6387",
"found": true
},
"name": "KQED Science",
"firstName": "KQED",
"lastName": "Science",
"slug": "kqedscience",
"email": "kqedscience@gmail.com",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [],
"title": null,
"bio": "KQED Science brings you award-winning science and environment coverage from the Bay Area and beyond by the flagship Northern California PBS and NPR affiliate.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5a295ff49cf82a8c0f30937d3f788b2f?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": null,
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"contributor"
]
},
{
"site": "quest",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "food",
"roles": [
"contributor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "KQED Science | KQED",
"description": null,
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5a295ff49cf82a8c0f30937d3f788b2f?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5a295ff49cf82a8c0f30937d3f788b2f?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/kqedscience"
},
"dventon": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "11088",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "11088",
"found": true
},
"name": "Danielle Venton",
"firstName": "Danielle",
"lastName": "Venton",
"slug": "dventon",
"email": "dventon@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": true,
"staff_mastheads": [
"science"
],
"title": "Science reporter",
"bio": "Danielle Venton is a reporter for KQED Science. She covers wildfires, space and oceans (though she is prone to sea sickness).\r\n\r\nBefore joining KQED in 2015, Danielle was a staff reporter at KRCB in Sonoma County and a freelancer. She studied science communication at UC Santa Cruz and formerly worked at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland where she wrote about computing. She lives in Sonoma County and enjoys backpacking.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ebaf11ee6cfb7bb40329a143d463829e?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "DanielleVenton",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "arts",
"roles": [
"contributor"
]
},
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "futureofyou",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "liveblog",
"roles": [
"contributor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Danielle Venton | KQED",
"description": "Science reporter",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ebaf11ee6cfb7bb40329a143d463829e?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ebaf11ee6cfb7bb40329a143d463829e?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/dventon"
},
"parcuni": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "11368",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "11368",
"found": true
},
"name": "Peter Arcuni",
"firstName": "Peter",
"lastName": "Arcuni",
"slug": "parcuni",
"email": "parcuni@KQED.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [
"science"
],
"title": "Reporter",
"bio": "Peter reports radio and online stories for \u003cem>KQED Science\u003c/em>. His work has also appeared on the \u003cem>The California Report\u003c/em> morning show and \u003cem>KQED News\u003c/em>. His production credits include \u003cem>The California Report, The California Report Magazine\u003c/em> and KQED's local news podcast \u003cem>The Bay\u003c/em>. Other credits include NPR's \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em>, WNYC's \u003cem>Science Friday\u003c/em>, WBUR's \u003cem>Here & Now\u003c/em>, WIRED and SFGate. Peter graduated from Brown University and earned a master's degree in journalism from Stanford. He's covered everything from homelessness to wildfires, health, the environment, arts and Thanksgiving in San Quentin prison. In other lives, he played rock n roll music and studied neuroscience. You can email him at: parcuni@kqed.org",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d5032f6f27199d478af34ad2e1d98732?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "peterarcuni",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Peter Arcuni | KQED",
"description": "Reporter",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d5032f6f27199d478af34ad2e1d98732?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d5032f6f27199d478af34ad2e1d98732?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/parcuni"
},
"kevinstark": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "11608",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "11608",
"found": true
},
"name": "Kevin Stark",
"firstName": "Kevin",
"lastName": "Stark",
"slug": "kevinstark",
"email": "kstark@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": true,
"staff_mastheads": [
"science"
],
"title": "Senior Editor",
"bio": "Kevin is a senior editor for KQED Science, managing the station's health and climate desks. His journalism career began in the Pacific Northwest, and he later became a lead reporter for the San Francisco Public Press. His work has appeared in Pacific Standard magazine, the Energy News Network, the Center for Investigative Reporting's Reveal and WBEZ in Chicago. Kevin joined KQED in 2019, and has covered issues related to energy, wildfire, climate change and the environment.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1f646bf546a63d638e04ff23b52b0e79?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "starkkev",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "science",
"roles": [
"administrator"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Kevin Stark | KQED",
"description": "Senior Editor",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1f646bf546a63d638e04ff23b52b0e79?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1f646bf546a63d638e04ff23b52b0e79?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/kevinstark"
}
},
"pagesReducer": {
"news_category_environment": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_19906",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "19906",
"score": 12.134348
},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Environment",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Environment Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 19923,
"slug": "environment",
"isLoading": false,
"title": "Environment",
"pageMeta": {
"site": "news",
"WpPageTemplate": "page-topic-editorial",
"currentPage": 72
},
"blocks": [
{
"blockName": "kqed/post-list",
"attrs": {
"layout": "cardArticle2",
"query": "posts/news?category=environment",
"seeMore": false,
"paginated": true,
"page": 72
}
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/ad"
}
]
}
},
"pfsSessionReducer": {},
"postsReducer": {
"stream_live": {
"type": "live",
"id": "stream_live",
"audioUrl": "https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio",
"title": "Live Stream",
"excerpt": "Live Stream information currently unavailable.",
"link": "/radio",
"featImg": "",
"label": {
"name": "KQED Live",
"link": "/"
}
},
"stream_kqedNewscast": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "stream_kqedNewscast",
"audioUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1",
"title": "KQED Newscast",
"featImg": "",
"label": {
"name": "88.5 FM",
"link": "/"
}
},
"science_1956543": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1956543",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1956543",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1581034097000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1581034097,
"format": "image",
"title": "A Dry Winter: These Satellite Photos Show How Sierra Snowpack Compares to Last Year",
"headTitle": "A Dry Winter: These Satellite Photos Show How Sierra Snowpack Compares to Last Year | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>After a snow-packed winter of 2019, there are signs that this year’s Sierra Nevada snow season could wind up below average. At the start of 2020, the statewide snowpack was 90% of normal for the time of year. That level dropped to 72% at the end of January and is now at 64% . State water officials say our reservoirs have plenty of water now — but we’ll need more winter storms to replenish the snowpack in time for the spring runoff. The forecast for the Lake Tahoe area, at least for the next 10 days, calls for mostly sunny skies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a look at how this snow season is stacking up. Move the sliders below to compare the terrain between February 2019 and February 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n\u003ctbody>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Southern Sierra\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Feb. 6, 2019\u003cbr>\nAfter: Feb. 1, 2020\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=e928a318-4f97-11ea-b9b8-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"1\">\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Mono Lake\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Jan. 27, 2019\u003cbr>\nAfter: Feb. 1, 2020\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=7bc08df2-490e-11ea-b9b8-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"1\">\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Sierra Nevada\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Jan. 24, 2019\u003cbr>\nAfter: Feb. 4, 2020\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=df63a754-490e-11ea-b9b8-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003c/tbody>\n\u003c/table>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": true,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 164,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [
"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html"
],
"paragraphCount": 4
},
"modified": 1704847807,
"excerpt": "After a dry spell, Sierra Nevada snowpack is trending below average. Here's a satellite look at how this snow season compares to last.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "After a dry spell, Sierra Nevada snowpack is trending below average. Here's a satellite look at how this snow season compares to last.",
"title": "A Dry Winter: These Satellite Photos Show How Sierra Snowpack Compares to Last Year | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "A Dry Winter: These Satellite Photos Show How Sierra Snowpack Compares to Last Year",
"datePublished": "2020-02-06T16:08:17-08:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-09T16:50:07-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "before-and-after-see-californias-sierra-snowpack-by-satellite",
"status": "publish",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Water",
"path": "/science/1956543/before-and-after-see-californias-sierra-snowpack-by-satellite",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After a snow-packed winter of 2019, there are signs that this year’s Sierra Nevada snow season could wind up below average. At the start of 2020, the statewide snowpack was 90% of normal for the time of year. That level dropped to 72% at the end of January and is now at 64% . State water officials say our reservoirs have plenty of water now — but we’ll need more winter storms to replenish the snowpack in time for the spring runoff. The forecast for the Lake Tahoe area, at least for the next 10 days, calls for mostly sunny skies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a look at how this snow season is stacking up. Move the sliders below to compare the terrain between February 2019 and February 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n\u003ctbody>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Southern Sierra\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Feb. 6, 2019\u003cbr>\nAfter: Feb. 1, 2020\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=e928a318-4f97-11ea-b9b8-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"1\">\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Mono Lake\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Jan. 27, 2019\u003cbr>\nAfter: Feb. 1, 2020\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=7bc08df2-490e-11ea-b9b8-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"1\">\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\">\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cstrong>Sierra Nevada\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBefore: Jan. 24, 2019\u003cbr>\nAfter: Feb. 4, 2020\u003c/p>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd width=\"100%\" height=\"750\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"750\" scrolling=\"no\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/juxtapose/latest/embed/index.html?uid=df63a754-490e-11ea-b9b8-0edaf8f81e27\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003c/tbody>\n\u003c/table>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1956543/before-and-after-see-californias-sierra-snowpack-by-satellite",
"authors": [
"11368",
"6387"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_35",
"science_40",
"science_98"
],
"tags": [
"science_3180",
"science_3370",
"science_2773",
"science_109",
"science_1127"
],
"featImg": "science_1956604",
"label": "source_science_1956543"
},
"science_1956614": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1956614",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1956614",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1581022821000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "regional-epa-chief-who-faced-criticism-for-excessive-travel-suddenly-leaves-job",
"title": "Regional EPA Chief Who Faced Criticism for Excessive Travel Suddenly Leaves Job",
"publishDate": 1581022821,
"format": "standard",
"headTitle": "Regional EPA Chief Who Faced Criticism for Excessive Travel Suddenly Leaves Job | KQED",
"labelTerm": {},
"content": "\u003cp>The top regulator for the federal Environmental Protection Agency’s regional office in San Francisco left that job Wednesday without an explanation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As EPA’s Region 9 administrator, Mike Stoker supervised environmental enforcement in California, Nevada, Arizona, Hawaii, the Pacific Islands and 148 tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Molly Block, a spokeswoman for the EPA, confirmed in an email that Stoker is “no longer with the Agency.” She did not elaborate on the reason for his departure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deb Jordan is the acting regional administrator, Block added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jordan is a 30-year EPA employee. She’s worked as an assistant regional administrator in San Francisco since 2016, the San Francisco Chronicle \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Controversial-head-of-EPA-s-San-Francisco-15034001.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the get-go, elected officials and environmentalists criticized Stoker as the Trump administration’s choice to run the regulatory office. He publicly doubted the scientific consensus around man-made climate change and had previous ties to the oil and gas industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Californians will not miss Mike Stoker, a climate skeptic and former oil lobbyist who spent tens of thousands of dollars on taxpayer-funded travel,” Rep. Anna Eshoo, of Palo Alto, said in an emailed statement. “My constituents and all Californians need an EPA administrator who day in and day out is dedicated to promoting clean air, clean water and addressing climate change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmentalists protested his appointment when he took the job in 2018, and celebrated his abrupt dismissal less than two years later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Stoker’s departure is good news, but this oil industry ally should never have been in charge of protecting our environment,” said Kassie Siegel of the Center for Biological Diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the job, he received fierce \u003ca href=\"https://www.eenews.net/stories/1061653561\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">criticism\u003c/a> from EPA lawyers, watchdog groups and Sen. Dianne Feinstein for managing a San Francisco-based staff of hundreds from his home city of Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last March, the EPA’s inspector general documented what it called a pattern of Stoker’s taxpayer-funded travel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the San Francisco Chronicle story:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In March 2019, the EPA’s Office of the Inspector General investigated a ‘hotline complaint’ about how much time Stoker was spending away from San Francisco and ‘his excessive number of trips.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office issued a ‘Management Alert’ that documented how he spent $43,875 in taxpayer funds on 35 separate trips between May 2018 and February 2019, including two trips to Hawaii, one to Japan and another to Saipan, in the Mariana Islands. The report, which did not reach any conclusions about the propriety of his travel, said he spent only 30 out of 145 workdays in San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after he became the region’s top EPA regulator, Stoker \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1926287/new-epa-region-chief-questions-climate-science-but-favors-co2-cuts\">told\u003c/a> KQED’s Danielle Venton that his priority was to clean up sewage at the border between the U.S. and Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote] About climate change, the former EPA regional administrator told KQED: “I personally believe there’s questions on how much of it is man-made and how much of it is caused by Mother Nature and I have my personal feelings on global warming.”[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, he told KQED’s Venton that he doubted the scientific consensus on anthropogenic climate change. He did add that he \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1926287/new-epa-region-chief-questions-climate-science-but-favors-co2-cuts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">supported\u003c/a> “anything that reduces carbon emissions because that’s good for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I personally believe there’s questions on how much of it is man-made and how much of it is caused by Mother Nature and I have my personal feelings on global warming,” he said. “The whole global warming debate is a debate for Washington DC, and whatever they tell me is what I implement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to Stoker’s departure, the Center for Biological Diversity’s Siegel said, “He accomplished virtually nothing at the EPA besides helping oil companies get permission to pollute California aquifers and alienating agency staff who actually care about our planet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added, “the fact that Stoker lasted this long highlights the Trump administration’s utter contempt for the air we breathe and the water we drink.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From Washington, the environmental agency’s administrator Andrew Wheeler thanked Stoker “for his service to the EPA” and wished “him and his family the best in their future endeavors,” the Chronicle reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Stoker’s Background\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stoker is a Republican from Central California who served as a Santa Barbara County supervisor from 1986 to 1994.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also was chairman of the California Agricultural Labor Relations Board and he spent two years as California deputy secretary of state, from 2000 to 2002. Afterward, he worked as a lawyer for the agricultural industry and as a spokesman for an oil and gas company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stoker has run unsuccessfully for Congress and the California Legislature. He was a Trump delegate to the 2016 Republican National Convention and has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1924459/new-chief-of-epa-region-9-has-deep-ties-to-industry\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reportedly\u003c/a> been \u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.com/news/2017/jan/19/santa-barbarans-stoked-trump/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">credited\u003c/a> with starting the “lock her up” chant about Hillary Clinton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stoker has taken reliably pro-industry stances in the past, Nick Welsh, managing editor of the Santa Barbara Independent, told Venton. He has known Stoker for about 30 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a county supervisor, Stoker argued against a ballot measure that would have placed limits on offshore oil drilling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "Environmentalists protested his appointment when he took the job in 2018, and celebrated his abrupt dismissal. ",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1721155482,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 29,
"wordCount": 897
},
"headData": {
"title": "Regional EPA Chief Who Faced Criticism for Excessive Travel Suddenly Leaves Job | KQED",
"description": "Environmentalists protested his appointment when he took the job in 2018, and celebrated his abrupt dismissal. ",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Regional EPA Chief Who Faced Criticism for Excessive Travel Suddenly Leaves Job",
"datePublished": "2020-02-06T13:00:21-08:00",
"dateModified": "2024-07-16T11:44:42-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"source": "Environment",
"sticky": false,
"path": "/science/1956614/regional-epa-chief-who-faced-criticism-for-excessive-travel-suddenly-leaves-job",
"audioUrl": "https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/c862205a-c745-432a-aaf0-ab5a0137919e/audio.mp3",
"audioDuration": 91000,
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The top regulator for the federal Environmental Protection Agency’s regional office in San Francisco left that job Wednesday without an explanation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As EPA’s Region 9 administrator, Mike Stoker supervised environmental enforcement in California, Nevada, Arizona, Hawaii, the Pacific Islands and 148 tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Molly Block, a spokeswoman for the EPA, confirmed in an email that Stoker is “no longer with the Agency.” She did not elaborate on the reason for his departure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deb Jordan is the acting regional administrator, Block added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jordan is a 30-year EPA employee. She’s worked as an assistant regional administrator in San Francisco since 2016, the San Francisco Chronicle \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Controversial-head-of-EPA-s-San-Francisco-15034001.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the get-go, elected officials and environmentalists criticized Stoker as the Trump administration’s choice to run the regulatory office. He publicly doubted the scientific consensus around man-made climate change and had previous ties to the oil and gas industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Californians will not miss Mike Stoker, a climate skeptic and former oil lobbyist who spent tens of thousands of dollars on taxpayer-funded travel,” Rep. Anna Eshoo, of Palo Alto, said in an emailed statement. “My constituents and all Californians need an EPA administrator who day in and day out is dedicated to promoting clean air, clean water and addressing climate change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmentalists protested his appointment when he took the job in 2018, and celebrated his abrupt dismissal less than two years later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Stoker’s departure is good news, but this oil industry ally should never have been in charge of protecting our environment,” said Kassie Siegel of the Center for Biological Diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the job, he received fierce \u003ca href=\"https://www.eenews.net/stories/1061653561\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">criticism\u003c/a> from EPA lawyers, watchdog groups and Sen. Dianne Feinstein for managing a San Francisco-based staff of hundreds from his home city of Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last March, the EPA’s inspector general documented what it called a pattern of Stoker’s taxpayer-funded travel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the San Francisco Chronicle story:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In March 2019, the EPA’s Office of the Inspector General investigated a ‘hotline complaint’ about how much time Stoker was spending away from San Francisco and ‘his excessive number of trips.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office issued a ‘Management Alert’ that documented how he spent $43,875 in taxpayer funds on 35 separate trips between May 2018 and February 2019, including two trips to Hawaii, one to Japan and another to Saipan, in the Mariana Islands. The report, which did not reach any conclusions about the propriety of his travel, said he spent only 30 out of 145 workdays in San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after he became the region’s top EPA regulator, Stoker \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1926287/new-epa-region-chief-questions-climate-science-but-favors-co2-cuts\">told\u003c/a> KQED’s Danielle Venton that his priority was to clean up sewage at the border between the U.S. and Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": " About climate change, the former EPA regional administrator told KQED: “I personally believe there’s questions on how much of it is man-made and how much of it is caused by Mother Nature and I have my personal feelings on global warming.”",
"name": "pullquote",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, he told KQED’s Venton that he doubted the scientific consensus on anthropogenic climate change. He did add that he \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1926287/new-epa-region-chief-questions-climate-science-but-favors-co2-cuts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">supported\u003c/a> “anything that reduces carbon emissions because that’s good for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I personally believe there’s questions on how much of it is man-made and how much of it is caused by Mother Nature and I have my personal feelings on global warming,” he said. “The whole global warming debate is a debate for Washington DC, and whatever they tell me is what I implement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to Stoker’s departure, the Center for Biological Diversity’s Siegel said, “He accomplished virtually nothing at the EPA besides helping oil companies get permission to pollute California aquifers and alienating agency staff who actually care about our planet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added, “the fact that Stoker lasted this long highlights the Trump administration’s utter contempt for the air we breathe and the water we drink.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From Washington, the environmental agency’s administrator Andrew Wheeler thanked Stoker “for his service to the EPA” and wished “him and his family the best in their future endeavors,” the Chronicle reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Stoker’s Background\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stoker is a Republican from Central California who served as a Santa Barbara County supervisor from 1986 to 1994.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also was chairman of the California Agricultural Labor Relations Board and he spent two years as California deputy secretary of state, from 2000 to 2002. Afterward, he worked as a lawyer for the agricultural industry and as a spokesman for an oil and gas company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stoker has run unsuccessfully for Congress and the California Legislature. He was a Trump delegate to the 2016 Republican National Convention and has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1924459/new-chief-of-epa-region-9-has-deep-ties-to-industry\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reportedly\u003c/a> been \u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.com/news/2017/jan/19/santa-barbarans-stoked-trump/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">credited\u003c/a> with starting the “lock her up” chant about Hillary Clinton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stoker has taken reliably pro-industry stances in the past, Nick Welsh, managing editor of the Santa Barbara Independent, told Venton. He has known Stoker for about 30 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a county supervisor, Stoker argued against a ballot measure that would have placed limits on offshore oil drilling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1956614/regional-epa-chief-who-faced-criticism-for-excessive-travel-suddenly-leaves-job",
"authors": [
"11608"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_33",
"science_35",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_3840",
"science_2080",
"science_3370"
],
"featImg": "science_1956620",
"label": "source_science_1956614"
},
"news_11799297": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "news_11799297",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11799297",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1580986800000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1580986800,
"format": "standard",
"title": "Large Parts of the Bay Area Are Built on Fill. Why and Where?",
"headTitle": "Large Parts of the Bay Area Are Built on Fill. Why and Where? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>When Nicole was growing up, her grandmother always told her: Don’t live anywhere built on artificial fill. Her uncle also had strong memories of watching the Marina District burn after the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, when parts of the ground liquefied, causing buildings to collapse and gas lines to break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nicole wants to follow her grandmother’s advice, but she needs to know a few things: \u003cstrong>“What neighborhoods and cities in the Bay Area are built on filled land? And what are those cities and neighborhoods doing to mitigate the risk of liquefaction?”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11799336\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 980px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/02/06/large-parts-of-the-bay-area-are-built-on-fill-why-and-where/screen-shot-2020-01-31-at-11-31-01-am/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11799336\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11799336\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-31-at-11.31.01-AM.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"980\" height=\"1228\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-31-at-11.31.01-AM.jpg 980w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-31-at-11.31.01-AM-160x200.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-31-at-11.31.01-AM-800x1002.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 980px) 100vw, 980px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San Francisco shoreline from 1895. Pink shows areas of artificial fill; blue shows historical marshlands and creeks. \u003ccite>(Oakland Museum of California)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>What is fill?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Often, when we colloquially refer to fill around the Bay Area, we’re actually referring to two different things:\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Artificial fill \u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Former or “reclaimed” marshlands and wetlands.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Artificial fill\u003c/em> is land that was created by piling up soil, mud, rocks, rubble and dirt. In many cases, mud was pumped up from the bottom of the San Francisco Bay to fill in piles of rocks, then allowed to dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most cases, this fill was put on top of low-lying areas or shallow wetlands and marshlands. For example, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11790693/magic-city-and-the-making-of-treasure-island\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Treasure Island was made\u003c/a> by piling rocks and mud on the shoals north of Yerba Buena Island. The land that is now the Marina neighborhood in San Francisco was originally filled in for the 1915 Panama-Pacific International Exposition — in some cases using debris and rubble from the 1906 earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11799305\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/02/06/large-parts-of-the-bay-area-are-built-on-fill-why-and-where/rs40412_sfpl-ti-construction-dredging-aad-3783_600dpi-qut-1200x885/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11799305\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11799305\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40412_SFPL-TI-Construction-dredging-AAD-3783_600dpi-qut-1200x885.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"885\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40412_SFPL-TI-Construction-dredging-AAD-3783_600dpi-qut-1200x885.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40412_SFPL-TI-Construction-dredging-AAD-3783_600dpi-qut-1200x885-160x118.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40412_SFPL-TI-Construction-dredging-AAD-3783_600dpi-qut-1200x885-800x590.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40412_SFPL-TI-Construction-dredging-AAD-3783_600dpi-qut-1200x885-1020x752.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Army Corps of Engineers dredged up the equivalent of 2½ million dump trucks of bay mud and sand to construct Treasure Island. \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center/San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Reclaimed marshlands and wetlands\u003c/em> are not technically fill. However, building levees and draining marshes did change the coastline of the bay, allowing for more development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of years ago, the coastline of the Bay Area looked very different. In many places, the edges of the bay were marshland or wetlands. During the late 1800s and early 1900s, lots of that got drained. People built levees and “reclaimed” the land for what they considered useful purposes, like agriculture. These days, some of those levees have been torn down and land is being returned to tidal marshes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11799307\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1434px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/02/06/large-parts-of-the-bay-area-are-built-on-fill-why-and-where/screen-shot-2020-01-31-at-10-08-04-am/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11799307\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11799307\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-31-at-10.08.04-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1434\" height=\"978\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-31-at-10.08.04-AM.png 1434w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-31-at-10.08.04-AM-160x109.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-31-at-10.08.04-AM-800x546.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-31-at-10.08.04-AM-1020x696.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1434px) 100vw, 1434px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">These maps from the San Francisco Estuary Institute show what was tidal marshland back around 1800 (left) and what today is still marsh, what’s been restored to tidal bay lands and what is in the works (right). \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfbayjv.org/project-maps.php\">San Francisco Bay Joint Venture\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Why did we use fill in the Bay Area?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Because fill in the bay let us build, live and farm on land that was previously uninhabitable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the mid-1800s, \u003ca href=\"https://boomcalifornia.com/2017/09/27/californias-legacy-of-swamplands/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the U.S. Congress passed the U.S. Swamp Land Acts\u003c/a>. These were originally designed to help Louisiana drain its swamp lands and build levees — but were quickly put to use in other states. The laws allowed people to claim wetlands or marshlands as their own property if they drained it and used it for an agricultural purpose. This led to a spree of building levees and draining wetlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the late 1950s, the Army Corps of Engineers did a study on the development of the Bay Area. They found 243 square miles of land “available for reclamation” \u003cem>had been\u003c/em> reclaimed. That’s a lot of former marshlands, wetlands and tidal lands to have drained or filled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b4030153&view=1up&seq=112\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">You can read the full study here. It’s wild.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What are the problems with artificial fill?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>By the 1960s, we mostly stopped filling in the Bay because of growing environmental concerns. After the Army Corps of Engineers did its study of the Bay Area, they published a map projecting what the bay would look like if we continued to fill it in. The picture so alarmed people that eventually the state Legislature put an end to bay fill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11799315\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2430px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/02/06/large-parts-of-the-bay-area-are-built-on-fill-why-and-where/attachment/9494033/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11799315\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11799315\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/9494033.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2430\" height=\"2735\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/9494033.jpg 2430w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/9494033-160x180.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/9494033-800x900.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/9494033-1020x1148.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/9494033-1920x2161.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2430px) 100vw, 2430px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The map showing projected plans to fill in more portions of the bay by 2020. \u003ccite>(U.S. Army Corp of Engineers)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The other major problem with artificial fill, which wasn’t well known 100 years ago, is the earthquake danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Keith Knudsen of the U.S. Geological Survey, the fill built on top of bay mud or soft ground is at risk for ground failure or liquefaction during an earthquake. A lot of that old fill was not built with the best engineering practices. It was also frequently placed on top of mud or soft deposits, which amplify shaking. When you have high ground water, loose materials and heavy shaking, those deposits can stop behaving like a solid, and start behaving like a liquid, said Knudsen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ground turns into \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=57&v=Rd6W2aP2dkA&feature=emb_logo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a sort of quicksand\u003c/a>. Buildings on top can sink and crack. Also things that are in the ground and filled with air, like sewage pipes, can float to the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lots of bad things can happen if the ground liquefies,” Knudsen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qmVYbjiNWds\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What’s being done to mitigate those issues?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The best way to prevent liquefaction and ground failure is to take steps when you’re first creating the artificial fill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11790693,science_1952317' label='The Building of Treasure Island']Treasure Island is one of few places in the Bay Area where a large new development is planned to go in on top of artificial fill. Developers there are able to test more intense mitigation techniques. Using things like wick drains and vibratory compaction, they’re draining the water out of the ground, shaking it to settle the loose materials and then pushing down on the fill with heavy dirt loads to compact it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1952317/rising-seas-and-sinking-land-the-precarious-future-of-treasure-island\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">read more\u003c/a> about what’s happening there in our two-part series about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11790693/magic-city-and-the-making-of-treasure-island\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the artificial island\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bad news, though, for most of the Bay Area is that it’s hard to go back and re-engineer buildings that are already built. Once an entire neighborhood is constructed, options are even more limited. Anything done to mitigate the risk for one building could affect the others. For example, the San Francisco Transbay Terminal developers used “dewatering” techniques to suck the water out of the ground before they built the terminal. Now \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Sinking-Millennium-Tower-s-developer-built-9278364.php#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">developers of the sinking Millennium Tower say\u003c/a> that affected their building. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We do have some standard practices for new buildings built on top of fill:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Slab or mat foundations — if part of the ground liquefies, then the whole building will sink or tilt in one piece instead of cracking\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Friction piles — it’s a kind of pile foundation that goes deep down, through the fill, into the mud. Some buildings have piles that go all the way to the bedrock\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest things that changed after the 1989 earthquake were new requirements to notify people who live in hazard zones. You can use \u003ca href=\"https://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/geohazards/eq-zapp\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">the California Earthquake Hazard Zones App\u003c/a> to plug in your address and see if you live in an area at high risk for liquefaction or landslides in the event of an earthquake. The \u003ca href=\"https://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/urban/sfbay/liquefaction/sfbay/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">USGS also puts out updated hazard zone maps\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, just because you’re in a liquefaction hazard zone doesn’t necessarily mean you live on fill — or vice versa. And those former marshlands and tidal wetlands are not at high risk for liquefaction if the bay mud didn’t have artificial fill put on top of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>OK, so which parts of the Bay Area are fill?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>We have maps to show you!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only way to know \u003cem>for sure\u003c/em> if you live on fill is to hire a geologist and do a boring into the ground. Short of that, the other way is to map the geological deposits the way the USGS does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We overlay them on current maps and then the boundary between what used to be the coastline and what is currently the coastline … that’s been filled,” Knudsen said. USGS also does additional topography work to put together \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/of00-444/of00-444_7b.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">detailed maps of geological deposits\u003c/a>. While this can miss individual buildings or neighborhoods, it’s the most accurate record of the whole Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using that USGS data, we created this map showing artificial fill areas and former tidal marshlands or wetlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"700\" frameborder=\"0\" src=\"https://kqednews.carto.com/builder/b488870b-a8c4-43f4-803a-04691206c9e3/embed\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em;\">Data from the US Geological Survey from \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/of00-444/\">2000\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1037/\">2006\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em;align:right\">Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Lisa Pickoff-White contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": true,
"hasChartOrMap": true,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1437,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": true,
"iframeSrcs": [
"https://kqednews.carto.com/builder/b488870b-a8c4-43f4-803a-04691206c9e3/embed"
],
"paragraphCount": 34
},
"modified": 1700590826,
"excerpt": "The coastline of the Bay looked very different 200 years ago — and then we filled it in. ",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "The coastline of the Bay looked very different 200 years ago — and then we filled it in. ",
"title": "Large Parts of the Bay Area Are Built on Fill. Why and Where? | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "NewsArticle",
"headline": "Large Parts of the Bay Area Are Built on Fill. Why and Where?",
"datePublished": "2020-02-06T03:00:00-08:00",
"dateModified": "2023-11-21T10:20:26-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"isAccessibleForFree": "True",
"publisher": {
"@type": "NewsMediaOrganization",
"@id": "https://www.kqed.org/#organization",
"name": "KQED",
"logo": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"url": "https://www.kqed.org",
"sameAs": [
"https://www.facebook.com/KQED",
"https://twitter.com/KQED",
"https://www.instagram.com/kqed/",
"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial",
"https://www.linkedin.com/company/kqed",
"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeC0IOo7i1P_61zVUWbJ4nw"
]
}
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "large-parts-of-the-bay-area-are-built-on-fill-why-and-where",
"status": "publish",
"sourceUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious",
"audioUrl": "https://traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC6462747372.mp3",
"audioTrackLength": 707,
"source": "Bay Curious",
"path": "/news/11799297/large-parts-of-the-bay-area-are-built-on-fill-why-and-where",
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When Nicole was growing up, her grandmother always told her: Don’t live anywhere built on artificial fill. Her uncle also had strong memories of watching the Marina District burn after the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, when parts of the ground liquefied, causing buildings to collapse and gas lines to break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nicole wants to follow her grandmother’s advice, but she needs to know a few things: \u003cstrong>“What neighborhoods and cities in the Bay Area are built on filled land? And what are those cities and neighborhoods doing to mitigate the risk of liquefaction?”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11799336\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 980px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/02/06/large-parts-of-the-bay-area-are-built-on-fill-why-and-where/screen-shot-2020-01-31-at-11-31-01-am/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11799336\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11799336\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-31-at-11.31.01-AM.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"980\" height=\"1228\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-31-at-11.31.01-AM.jpg 980w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-31-at-11.31.01-AM-160x200.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-31-at-11.31.01-AM-800x1002.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 980px) 100vw, 980px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San Francisco shoreline from 1895. Pink shows areas of artificial fill; blue shows historical marshlands and creeks. \u003ccite>(Oakland Museum of California)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>What is fill?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Often, when we colloquially refer to fill around the Bay Area, we’re actually referring to two different things:\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Artificial fill \u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Former or “reclaimed” marshlands and wetlands.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Artificial fill\u003c/em> is land that was created by piling up soil, mud, rocks, rubble and dirt. In many cases, mud was pumped up from the bottom of the San Francisco Bay to fill in piles of rocks, then allowed to dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most cases, this fill was put on top of low-lying areas or shallow wetlands and marshlands. For example, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11790693/magic-city-and-the-making-of-treasure-island\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Treasure Island was made\u003c/a> by piling rocks and mud on the shoals north of Yerba Buena Island. The land that is now the Marina neighborhood in San Francisco was originally filled in for the 1915 Panama-Pacific International Exposition — in some cases using debris and rubble from the 1906 earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11799305\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/02/06/large-parts-of-the-bay-area-are-built-on-fill-why-and-where/rs40412_sfpl-ti-construction-dredging-aad-3783_600dpi-qut-1200x885/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11799305\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11799305\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40412_SFPL-TI-Construction-dredging-AAD-3783_600dpi-qut-1200x885.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"885\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40412_SFPL-TI-Construction-dredging-AAD-3783_600dpi-qut-1200x885.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40412_SFPL-TI-Construction-dredging-AAD-3783_600dpi-qut-1200x885-160x118.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40412_SFPL-TI-Construction-dredging-AAD-3783_600dpi-qut-1200x885-800x590.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/RS40412_SFPL-TI-Construction-dredging-AAD-3783_600dpi-qut-1200x885-1020x752.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Army Corps of Engineers dredged up the equivalent of 2½ million dump trucks of bay mud and sand to construct Treasure Island. \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center/San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Reclaimed marshlands and wetlands\u003c/em> are not technically fill. However, building levees and draining marshes did change the coastline of the bay, allowing for more development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of years ago, the coastline of the Bay Area looked very different. In many places, the edges of the bay were marshland or wetlands. During the late 1800s and early 1900s, lots of that got drained. People built levees and “reclaimed” the land for what they considered useful purposes, like agriculture. These days, some of those levees have been torn down and land is being returned to tidal marshes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11799307\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1434px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/02/06/large-parts-of-the-bay-area-are-built-on-fill-why-and-where/screen-shot-2020-01-31-at-10-08-04-am/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11799307\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11799307\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-31-at-10.08.04-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1434\" height=\"978\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-31-at-10.08.04-AM.png 1434w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-31-at-10.08.04-AM-160x109.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-31-at-10.08.04-AM-800x546.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/Screen-Shot-2020-01-31-at-10.08.04-AM-1020x696.png 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1434px) 100vw, 1434px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">These maps from the San Francisco Estuary Institute show what was tidal marshland back around 1800 (left) and what today is still marsh, what’s been restored to tidal bay lands and what is in the works (right). \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfbayjv.org/project-maps.php\">San Francisco Bay Joint Venture\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Why did we use fill in the Bay Area?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Because fill in the bay let us build, live and farm on land that was previously uninhabitable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the mid-1800s, \u003ca href=\"https://boomcalifornia.com/2017/09/27/californias-legacy-of-swamplands/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the U.S. Congress passed the U.S. Swamp Land Acts\u003c/a>. These were originally designed to help Louisiana drain its swamp lands and build levees — but were quickly put to use in other states. The laws allowed people to claim wetlands or marshlands as their own property if they drained it and used it for an agricultural purpose. This led to a spree of building levees and draining wetlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the late 1950s, the Army Corps of Engineers did a study on the development of the Bay Area. They found 243 square miles of land “available for reclamation” \u003cem>had been\u003c/em> reclaimed. That’s a lot of former marshlands, wetlands and tidal lands to have drained or filled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b4030153&view=1up&seq=112\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">You can read the full study here. It’s wild.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What are the problems with artificial fill?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>By the 1960s, we mostly stopped filling in the Bay because of growing environmental concerns. After the Army Corps of Engineers did its study of the Bay Area, they published a map projecting what the bay would look like if we continued to fill it in. The picture so alarmed people that eventually the state Legislature put an end to bay fill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11799315\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2430px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/02/06/large-parts-of-the-bay-area-are-built-on-fill-why-and-where/attachment/9494033/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-11799315\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11799315\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/9494033.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2430\" height=\"2735\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/9494033.jpg 2430w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/9494033-160x180.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/9494033-800x900.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/9494033-1020x1148.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/01/9494033-1920x2161.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2430px) 100vw, 2430px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The map showing projected plans to fill in more portions of the bay by 2020. \u003ccite>(U.S. Army Corp of Engineers)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The other major problem with artificial fill, which wasn’t well known 100 years ago, is the earthquake danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Keith Knudsen of the U.S. Geological Survey, the fill built on top of bay mud or soft ground is at risk for ground failure or liquefaction during an earthquake. A lot of that old fill was not built with the best engineering practices. It was also frequently placed on top of mud or soft deposits, which amplify shaking. When you have high ground water, loose materials and heavy shaking, those deposits can stop behaving like a solid, and start behaving like a liquid, said Knudsen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ground turns into \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=57&v=Rd6W2aP2dkA&feature=emb_logo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a sort of quicksand\u003c/a>. Buildings on top can sink and crack. Also things that are in the ground and filled with air, like sewage pipes, can float to the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lots of bad things can happen if the ground liquefies,” Knudsen said.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/qmVYbjiNWds'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/qmVYbjiNWds'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch3>What’s being done to mitigate those issues?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The best way to prevent liquefaction and ground failure is to take steps when you’re first creating the artificial fill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "aside",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"postid": "news_11790693,science_1952317",
"label": "The Building of Treasure Island "
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Treasure Island is one of few places in the Bay Area where a large new development is planned to go in on top of artificial fill. Developers there are able to test more intense mitigation techniques. Using things like wick drains and vibratory compaction, they’re draining the water out of the ground, shaking it to settle the loose materials and then pushing down on the fill with heavy dirt loads to compact it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1952317/rising-seas-and-sinking-land-the-precarious-future-of-treasure-island\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">read more\u003c/a> about what’s happening there in our two-part series about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11790693/magic-city-and-the-making-of-treasure-island\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the artificial island\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bad news, though, for most of the Bay Area is that it’s hard to go back and re-engineer buildings that are already built. Once an entire neighborhood is constructed, options are even more limited. Anything done to mitigate the risk for one building could affect the others. For example, the San Francisco Transbay Terminal developers used “dewatering” techniques to suck the water out of the ground before they built the terminal. Now \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Sinking-Millennium-Tower-s-developer-built-9278364.php#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">developers of the sinking Millennium Tower say\u003c/a> that affected their building. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We do have some standard practices for new buildings built on top of fill:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Slab or mat foundations — if part of the ground liquefies, then the whole building will sink or tilt in one piece instead of cracking\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Friction piles — it’s a kind of pile foundation that goes deep down, through the fill, into the mud. Some buildings have piles that go all the way to the bedrock\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest things that changed after the 1989 earthquake were new requirements to notify people who live in hazard zones. You can use \u003ca href=\"https://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/geohazards/eq-zapp\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">the California Earthquake Hazard Zones App\u003c/a> to plug in your address and see if you live in an area at high risk for liquefaction or landslides in the event of an earthquake. The \u003ca href=\"https://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/urban/sfbay/liquefaction/sfbay/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">USGS also puts out updated hazard zone maps\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, just because you’re in a liquefaction hazard zone doesn’t necessarily mean you live on fill — or vice versa. And those former marshlands and tidal wetlands are not at high risk for liquefaction if the bay mud didn’t have artificial fill put on top of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>OK, so which parts of the Bay Area are fill?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>We have maps to show you!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only way to know \u003cem>for sure\u003c/em> if you live on fill is to hire a geologist and do a boring into the ground. Short of that, the other way is to map the geological deposits the way the USGS does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We overlay them on current maps and then the boundary between what used to be the coastline and what is currently the coastline … that’s been filled,” Knudsen said. USGS also does additional topography work to put together \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/of00-444/of00-444_7b.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">detailed maps of geological deposits\u003c/a>. While this can miss individual buildings or neighborhoods, it’s the most accurate record of the whole Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using that USGS data, we created this map showing artificial fill areas and former tidal marshlands or wetlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"700\" frameborder=\"0\" src=\"https://kqednews.carto.com/builder/b488870b-a8c4-43f4-803a-04691206c9e3/embed\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em;\">Data from the US Geological Survey from \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/of00-444/\">2000\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1037/\">2006\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em;align:right\">Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Lisa Pickoff-White contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "baycuriousquestion",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/news/11799297/large-parts-of-the-bay-area-are-built-on-fill-why-and-where",
"authors": [
"1459"
],
"programs": [
"news_33523"
],
"series": [
"news_17986"
],
"categories": [
"news_19906",
"news_8",
"news_33520",
"news_356"
],
"tags": [
"news_1012",
"news_664"
],
"featImg": "news_11799418",
"label": "source_news_11799297"
},
"science_1956561": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1956561",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1956561",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1580953644000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1580953644,
"format": "standard",
"title": "After Setbacks, Calif. Governments Press Their Climate Suit Against Fossil Fuel Companies",
"headTitle": "After Setbacks, Calif. Governments Press Their Climate Suit Against Fossil Fuel Companies | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Three federal judges heard arguments in Pasadena Wednesday about whether major oil and gas companies are financially responsible for the damages caused by climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In lively back-to-back hearings, the judges, from the 9th District Circuit Court, pushed with skepticism at both sides’ arguments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco, Oakland, and a coalition of about a dozen other cities and counties want to hold the fossil fuel industry responsible for the remediation costs and property damage from increasingly severe wildfires, rising sea levels and intense storms that batter coastal communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cities seek damages related to climate change from Chevron, ExxonMobil, Phillips 66 and major other oil and gas companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuits are reaching a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956277/cities-lawsuits-seeking-damages-for-climate-change-reach-critical-juncture\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">critical juncture\u003c/a>. After a string of losses in federal courts, the cities asked the federal panel Wednesday to allow them to argue their lawsuit in the California state courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the panel agrees that the cases belong in state court, it would be the state judge, applying state laws, who decides whether we can proceed with this case to protect our residents, workers, and businesses from the costs and damage these fossil fuel companies knowingly imposed on our communities,” San Francisco City Attorney Dennis Herrera and Oakland City Attorney Barbara Parker said in a written statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fossil fuel companies are trying to move the cases into the federal courts with the aim of obtaining the ear of the conservative majority on the U.S. Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“State tort law is not an appropriate vehicle—and state courts are not an appropriate forum—for regulating worldwide energy policy or punishing lawful, global commercial activity that is vital to every sector of the global economy,” lawyers for Chevron wrote in a legal brief. \u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe 9th Circuit panel heard arguments in two separate lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers representing San Francisco and Oakland are trying to revive their lawsuit in state court after William Alsup, a judge for the Federal District Court in San Francisco, tossed it out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The law and precedent supporting our position is strong, and such a ruling would be consistent with orders issued by four other federal judges,” Herrera and Parker said in their statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of his deliberation, Alsup asked the cities to offer him a primer in climate change science. The tutorial included a seminal 1992 \u003ca href=\"http://blogs2.law.columbia.edu/climate-change-litigation/wp-content/uploads/sites/16/case-documents/2018/20180323_docket-317-cv-06011_exhibit.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">paper\u003c/a> published in the journal \u003cem>Nature\u003c/em> that detailed rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a June \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/06/26/climate/document-Judge-Dismisses-Climate-Suit-Against-Oil-Companies.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">opinion\u003c/a>, the judge wrote that the “problem deserves a solution on a more vast scale than can be supplied by a district judge or jury in a public nuisance case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal court has already remanded to state court the other case, brought by San Mateo, Santa Cruz and Marin counties, along with Richmond, Santa Cruz and other cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has been two years or more since our communities first filed these cases to hold fossil fuel companies accountable for the climate change-related damages they knowingly caused and the high costs our taxpayers are already incurring as a result,” the governments said in a written statement. “It is time for the defendants to be held accountable for their decades-long campaign of public deception about climate change and its consequences.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alex Katz, a spokesman for the Oakland city attorney’s office, said that the city does not know when the judges will decide on the case. He suggested it could take several months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 587,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 17
},
"modified": 1704847823,
"excerpt": "Bay Area cities and counties want the fossil fuel industry to pay for property damage from climate change. ",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Bay Area cities and counties want the fossil fuel industry to pay for property damage from climate change. ",
"title": "After Setbacks, Calif. Governments Press Their Climate Suit Against Fossil Fuel Companies | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "After Setbacks, Calif. Governments Press Their Climate Suit Against Fossil Fuel Companies",
"datePublished": "2020-02-05T17:47:24-08:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-09T16:50:23-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "after-setbacks-calif-governments-press-their-climate-suit-against-fossil-fuel-companies",
"status": "publish",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Climate Lawsuits",
"path": "/science/1956561/after-setbacks-calif-governments-press-their-climate-suit-against-fossil-fuel-companies",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Three federal judges heard arguments in Pasadena Wednesday about whether major oil and gas companies are financially responsible for the damages caused by climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In lively back-to-back hearings, the judges, from the 9th District Circuit Court, pushed with skepticism at both sides’ arguments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco, Oakland, and a coalition of about a dozen other cities and counties want to hold the fossil fuel industry responsible for the remediation costs and property damage from increasingly severe wildfires, rising sea levels and intense storms that batter coastal communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cities seek damages related to climate change from Chevron, ExxonMobil, Phillips 66 and major other oil and gas companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuits are reaching a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956277/cities-lawsuits-seeking-damages-for-climate-change-reach-critical-juncture\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">critical juncture\u003c/a>. After a string of losses in federal courts, the cities asked the federal panel Wednesday to allow them to argue their lawsuit in the California state courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the panel agrees that the cases belong in state court, it would be the state judge, applying state laws, who decides whether we can proceed with this case to protect our residents, workers, and businesses from the costs and damage these fossil fuel companies knowingly imposed on our communities,” San Francisco City Attorney Dennis Herrera and Oakland City Attorney Barbara Parker said in a written statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fossil fuel companies are trying to move the cases into the federal courts with the aim of obtaining the ear of the conservative majority on the U.S. Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“State tort law is not an appropriate vehicle—and state courts are not an appropriate forum—for regulating worldwide energy policy or punishing lawful, global commercial activity that is vital to every sector of the global economy,” lawyers for Chevron wrote in a legal brief. \u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe 9th Circuit panel heard arguments in two separate lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers representing San Francisco and Oakland are trying to revive their lawsuit in state court after William Alsup, a judge for the Federal District Court in San Francisco, tossed it out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The law and precedent supporting our position is strong, and such a ruling would be consistent with orders issued by four other federal judges,” Herrera and Parker said in their statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of his deliberation, Alsup asked the cities to offer him a primer in climate change science. The tutorial included a seminal 1992 \u003ca href=\"http://blogs2.law.columbia.edu/climate-change-litigation/wp-content/uploads/sites/16/case-documents/2018/20180323_docket-317-cv-06011_exhibit.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">paper\u003c/a> published in the journal \u003cem>Nature\u003c/em> that detailed rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a June \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/06/26/climate/document-Judge-Dismisses-Climate-Suit-Against-Oil-Companies.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">opinion\u003c/a>, the judge wrote that the “problem deserves a solution on a more vast scale than can be supplied by a district judge or jury in a public nuisance case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal court has already remanded to state court the other case, brought by San Mateo, Santa Cruz and Marin counties, along with Richmond, Santa Cruz and other cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has been two years or more since our communities first filed these cases to hold fossil fuel companies accountable for the climate change-related damages they knowingly caused and the high costs our taxpayers are already incurring as a result,” the governments said in a written statement. “It is time for the defendants to be held accountable for their decades-long campaign of public deception about climate change and its consequences.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alex Katz, a spokesman for the Oakland city attorney’s office, said that the city does not know when the judges will decide on the case. He suggested it could take several months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1956561/after-setbacks-calif-governments-press-their-climate-suit-against-fossil-fuel-companies",
"authors": [
"11608"
],
"categories": [
"science_31",
"science_33",
"science_35",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_194",
"science_3840"
],
"featImg": "science_1956563",
"label": "source_science_1956561"
},
"news_11799776": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "news_11799776",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11799776",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1580949120000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "with-california-voters-focused-on-climate-biden-touts-obama-era-energy-investments",
"title": "With California Voters Focused on Climate, Biden Touts Obama-Era Energy Investments",
"publishDate": 1580949120,
"format": "standard",
"headTitle": "With California Voters Focused on Climate, Biden Touts Obama-Era Energy Investments | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"term": 72,
"site": "news"
},
"content": "\u003cp>With early voting underway in California, the Democratic candidates for president are facing a Golden State electorate more concerned than ever before with how the next commander in chief will confront the globe’s changing climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe Biden’s climate spending plan pales in comparison to the ambitious proposals of his Democratic rivals. But the former vice president can make a unique pitch: He is the only candidate who has already guided a nationwide clean energy initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden is betting that the billions of dollars in clean energy funds that went to California in the Obama administration’s American Recovery and Reinvestment Act will help him make his case to voters — and provide him with a boost in the March 3 primary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The attitude of Californians in terms of the intensity of their feeling for all of what we were doing through the Recovery Act in California was a heck of a lot less intense than it is today,” Biden said in an interview with KQED. “Here we are now eight, nine, 10 years later and I’m not being critical of anybody in California — you’ve been ahead of everybody — but everybody sort of had an epiphany here. Everybody understands this is really worth it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2009, with the country reeling from the Great Recession, President Barack Obama tasked Biden with overseeing the administration’s $787 billion stimulus package.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Included in the bill was a $90 billion investment in clean energy, the largest in U.S. history. The biggest renewable energy windfall went to California: $11.8 billion by the end of Obama’s first term — triple the amount awarded to any other state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Recovery Act experience showed that Biden can pursue a green initiative that balances large-scale government investment with private sector innovation, said Joseph Aldy, professor of the practice of public policy at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s this kind of experience that for Vice President Biden, helps him form a very pragmatic approach,” said Aldy, who served in the Obama administration as special assistant to the president for energy and environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in a presidential primary marked by competition over ambitious progressive agendas, there’s a political risk in asking voters to turn their attention back a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden’s leading opponents in California are running on their climate plans, not records. Bernie Sanders’ (the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11798764/bernie-sanders-pulls-away-from-pack-in-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">current leader\u003c/a> in state primary polling) is calling for a “Green New Deal” with nearly 10 times the spending Biden’s plan envisions, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m concerned about whether or not climate change will be at the top of the agenda for a Biden administration,” said Leah Stokes, assistant professor of political science at UC Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And unlike Biden, candidates including Sanders, Massachusetts Sen. Elizabeth Warren and former South Bend Mayor Pete Buttigieg are calling for a nationwide ban on new hydraulic fracking — a method of extracting oil by using water and chemicals to crack open geological formations. That position is likely to win over environmental activists in California, where Gov. Gavin Newsom recently placed a moratorium on new fracking permits, in part over concerns about methane leakage from the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To win over California climate voters, Biden will have to persuade them to take a second look at Obama-era investments that largely flew under the radar, re-examine some high-profile failures and embrace lessons from the Recovery Act as a stepping stone to future climate action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11800190\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11800190\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41120_Biden-Solar-2-large-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"U.S. President Barack Obama and Vice President Joe Biden look at solar panels as they tour the solar array at the Denver Museum of Nature and Science in Denver, Colorado, February 17, 2009.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41120_Biden-Solar-2-large-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41120_Biden-Solar-2-large-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41120_Biden-Solar-2-large-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41120_Biden-Solar-2-large-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former President Barack Obama and Vice President Joe Biden look at solar panels as they tour the solar array at the Denver Museum of Nature and Science in Denver, Colorado, on Feb. 17, 2009. \u003ccite>(Jim Watson/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voter Focus on Climate Change\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last time Biden ran for president, in 2008, climate change barely registered as a priority for California primary voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/content/pubs/survey/S_1207MBS.pdf\">December 2007 survey\u003c/a> from the Public Policy Institute of California, just 3% of primary voters picked “environment” as the issue they wanted to hear about most from presidential candidates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twelve years later, after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1932445/un-report-issues-life-or-death-warning-for-planetary-survival\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dire warnings\u003c/a> about the impending damage that could come with a warmer planet, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1944993/study-climate-change-a-leading-driver-of-californias-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more intense wildfires\u003c/a> wreaking havoc at both ends of the state, voter priorities among Democrats in California have drastically shifted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, primary voters name climate change as their highest priority for the next president, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://news.berkeley.edu/2019/12/09/warren-biden-slip-in-california-primary-race-says-new-berkeley-igs-poll/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">December poll\u003c/a> from the UC Berkeley Institute of Governmental Studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The perception of what is needed, that’s changed drastically, thank God,” Biden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden is betting that the Recovery Act, remembered by most as a Keynesian response to revive the economy during the Great Recession, will gain new bona fides as a major climate initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A ‘Major Down Payment’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last decade, California became home to the world’s bestselling electric car and largest solar-thermal power plant. Cities replaced millions of street lights with energy-efficient LED bulbs and state leaders recently celebrated California’s one-millionth solar roof installation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of those gains were made, in part, because of the funds that flowed from the Recovery Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billions of dollars in loan guarantees helped develop the Ivanpah solar plant in the Mojave Desert and the Tesla Motors factory in Fremont, while grants and tax breaks provided incentives for cities and homeowners to make energy efficiency upgrades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11533488\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11533488\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall-800x515.jpg\" alt=\"Workers install solar panels on the roof of a home in San Rafael.\" width=\"800\" height=\"515\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall-800x515.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall-160x103.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall-1020x657.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall-1180x760.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall-960x618.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall-240x155.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall-375x241.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall-520x335.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers install solar panels on the roof of a home in San Rafael. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Robert Weisenmiller, who served as a California’s energy commissioner from 2010 to 2019, said the stimulus package provided a “major down payment on our energy infrastructure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We did a surprisingly large number of projects, about nine major solar projects,” he added. “No one had ever really tried to do that level of permitting. And many of these projects combined state and federal land in some fashion. So it really laid the groundwork for a lot of the future we’re in now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Obama administration \u003ca href=\"https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/page/files/20160225_cea_final_clean_energy_report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">credited Recovery Act\u003c/a> investments with saving enough energy to power 10,000 homes by 2050 and a 2011 study from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bluegreenalliance.org/resources/rebuilding-green-the-american-recovery-and-reinvestment-act-and-the-green-economy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BlueGreen Alliance\u003c/a> credited the Recovery Act’s clean energy initiatives with “creating or saving nearly a million jobs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the past, people would say, ‘Oh, if you’re supporting solar panels, that might be costing us jobs in other parts of the economy,'” said Harvard professor Joseph Aldy. “Well now we realize that if we’re investing in the installation of solar panels, and in their manufacturing, we’re actually creating some jobs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes people think twice about what a clean energy transition might look like from a labor standpoint, not just from a reducing carbon dioxide emissions standpoint,” Aldy added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Notable Failures\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But like so much of the Obama administration’s stimulus package, many clean energy investments largely flew under the radar, like the tax breaks folded into corporate and personal returns, and grants dropped into city coffers for future spending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The projects in California that did receive attention were not the shining examples the administration had hoped for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most notable failure was Solyndra, the solar panel manufacturer which received the first loan guarantee from the Recovery Act: $535 million to build their manufacturing facility in the Bay Area city of Fremont and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KYiJ-_K9NCo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">visit from President Obama\u003c/a> to boot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2011, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/38746/fremonts-solyndra-solar-tech-firm-suspending-operations-filing-bankruptcy\">company went bankrupt\u003c/a>, laying off 1,100 workers. Solyndra’s flop \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2015/08/f26/11-0078-I.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">drew scrutiny\u003c/a> of the company’s loan application and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/solyndra-energy-department-failed-to-sound-alarm-as-solar-company-sank/2011/11/04/gIQAGQgfBN_story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">unleashed criticism\u003c/a> that the Energy Department propped up the manufacturer because of its investors’ ties to the president. The next year, Republicans spent millions on ads attacking Obama over the loan guarantee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We learned that the appetite for risk in the political environment in Washington, D.C. is relatively low,” Aldy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Solyndra, the massive Ivanpah Solar Power Facility in the Mojave Desert has been targeted as a symbol of the stimulus packages’ largess.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10826397\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10826397\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/GettyImages-476570455-800x539.jpg\" alt=\"Heliostats - in essence, rotating mirrors - at the Ivanpah solar power plant, in California's Mojave Desert south of Las Vegas. \" width=\"800\" height=\"539\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Heliostats – in essence, rotating mirrors – at the Ivanpah solar power plant, in California’s Mojave Desert south of Las Vegas. \u003ccite>(Ethan Miller/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the most New Deal-esque project to land in California through the Recovery Act, Ivanpah was the largest solar thermal power plant in the world at the time of its completion in 2014: Hundreds of thousands of sunlight-reflecting mirrors spread across 5 square miles of federal land. Oakland-based BrightSource Energy received more than $1.37 billion in loan guarantees through the Recovery Act to construct the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The early reports on Ivanpah were \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/3812/the-ivanpah-solar-facilitys-pollution-problem\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">less than stellar\u003c/a>: criticism that it harmed local wildlife, energy production that fell short of targets and an over-reliance on natural gas to operate the system at night and on cloudy days, which rendered the facility a carbon polluter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while the cost efficiency of Ivanpah is \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-08-15/green-flops-why-some-promising-cleantech-ideas-didn-t-work-out\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">still maligned\u003c/a>, clean energy production from the facility has \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/browser/#/plant/57074?freq=A&start=2014&end=2018&ctype=linechart<ype=pin&columnchart=ELEC.PLANT.GEN.57074-ALL-ALL.A&linechart=ELEC.PLANT.GEN.57074-ALL-ALL.A&pin=&maptype=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">edged up\u003c/a> in \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/browser/#/plant/57073?freq=A&start=2014&end=2018&ctype=linechart<ype=pin&columnchart=ELEC.PLANT.GEN.57073-ALL-ALL.A&linechart=ELEC.PLANT.GEN.57073-ALL-ALL.A&pin=&maptype=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recent\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/browser/#/plant/57075?freq=A&start=2014&end=2018&ctype=linechart<ype=pin&columnchart=ELEC.PLANT.GEN.57075-ALL-ALL.A&linechart=ELEC.PLANT.GEN.57075-ALL-ALL.A&pin=&maptype=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">years\u003c/a>, and experts have hailed it as a trailblazer for future large-scale solar power production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Santa Barbara professor Leah Stokes argued that the loan guarantee program that funded Ivanpah and Solyndra deserves a second look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The government made money on that program while also supporting lots of companies creating new technologies,” Stokes said. “And a project like Ivanpah, which is riskier because it’s new and innovative, is exactly the kind of thing that the federal government should be supporting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I actually think that those were really smart investments that the federal government made,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Future Investments Must Go Further, Experts Say \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even proponents of the Recovery Act’s clean energy impacts acknowledge that Biden, or any other Democratic contender, will have to drastically up the ante in future climate-focused investments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because while the stimulus invested heavily in renewable energy, it wasn’t explicitly designed to fight climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal dollars were prioritized for shovel-ready projects as part of the stimulus’ chief goal of getting Americans back to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a mechanism to limit greenhouse gases, like California’s cap-and-trade system, never came to fruition: Obama and Biden failed to rally enough support in the U.S Senate for a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=112795024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">carbon pricing measure\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A decade later, it’s hard to evaluate the impact the Recovery Act had on the decarbonization of the economy. Studies \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032114008855\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">have found\u003c/a> that emissions dropped more than expected in the years after the stimulus, but largely attribute that to a slowed economy and a nationwide shift from coal to natural gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s face it, in 2010, it was economic recovery we were focused on. Now, we have to focus on climate change,” said Weisenmiller, the former California energy commissioner. “We need more on the level of a World War II-type of effort to really move the needle on climate — American Recovery and Reinvestment Act times ten or something.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Election 2020\" tag=\"election2020\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden’s leading opponents in California have made climate proposals that more closely mirror that wartime scope, led by Sanders’ promise of a $16.3 trillion investment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden has pledged $1.7 trillion in spending and wants Congress to pass emissions limits that would drive further private-sector capital toward clean energy. And he says his foreign policy experience makes him well-equipped to bring other nations along in a global effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Recovery Act was signed, the concept of climate justice was in its nascent stages. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032114008855\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2015 study from the International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics\u003c/a> at Lund University found that “there is no data that can be used to determine which demographic groups gained most as a result of the Renewable Energy stimulus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By contrast, the climate plans of the leading Democrats in 2020 all come with a nod to climate justice and promise that economic mobilization in the face of a climate crisis will also address racial and socioeconomic disparities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s one thing to say, ‘How do we get photovoltaics commercialized?’ ” Weisenmiller said. “It’s another thing to say, ‘How do you make sure that everyone participates in some fashion? How do you make sure that you’re really reaching out to our disadvantaged communities?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘There’s Going to Be Mistakes Made’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked about his climate plan, Biden pledged to seize the “opportunity” of climate change to reshape the country’s economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re the only country in the world that’s ever turned great problems into great opportunities,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To make that happen, Biden sounded ready to embrace lessons from the Recovery Act’s clean energy investment: political patience and an embrace of risk-taking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of the experimentation that’s going to take place to get us to net zero emissions, there’s going to be mistakes made,” Biden said. “But that can’t turn us back from the commitment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If climate-focused research and development goes off without a hitch, it likely isn’t moving the needle enough, said Weisenmiller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to really expect some failures to occur,” Weisenmiller added. “But if you do enough things, and you have enough successes, you’re going to push things forward.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "Joe Biden is betting voters will take a second look at the billions of dollars in clean energy funds that went to California thanks to the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1721124142,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 64,
"wordCount": 2310
},
"headData": {
"title": "With California Voters Focused on Climate, Biden Touts Obama-Era Energy Investments | KQED",
"description": "Joe Biden is betting voters will take a second look at the billions of dollars in clean energy funds that went to California thanks to the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "NewsArticle",
"headline": "With California Voters Focused on Climate, Biden Touts Obama-Era Energy Investments",
"datePublished": "2020-02-05T16:32:00-08:00",
"dateModified": "2024-07-16T03:02:22-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"isAccessibleForFree": "True",
"publisher": {
"@type": "NewsMediaOrganization",
"@id": "https://www.kqed.org/#organization",
"name": "KQED",
"logo": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"url": "https://www.kqed.org",
"sameAs": [
"https://www.facebook.com/KQED",
"https://twitter.com/KQED",
"https://www.instagram.com/kqed/",
"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial",
"https://www.linkedin.com/company/kqed",
"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeC0IOo7i1P_61zVUWbJ4nw"
]
}
}
},
"sticky": false,
"audioTrackLength": 201,
"path": "/news/11799776/with-california-voters-focused-on-climate-biden-touts-obama-era-energy-investments",
"audioUrl": "https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/22d63c70-0a88-4e94-a92b-ab590132d6e9/audio.mp3",
"audioDuration": 201000,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>With early voting underway in California, the Democratic candidates for president are facing a Golden State electorate more concerned than ever before with how the next commander in chief will confront the globe’s changing climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe Biden’s climate spending plan pales in comparison to the ambitious proposals of his Democratic rivals. But the former vice president can make a unique pitch: He is the only candidate who has already guided a nationwide clean energy initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden is betting that the billions of dollars in clean energy funds that went to California in the Obama administration’s American Recovery and Reinvestment Act will help him make his case to voters — and provide him with a boost in the March 3 primary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The attitude of Californians in terms of the intensity of their feeling for all of what we were doing through the Recovery Act in California was a heck of a lot less intense than it is today,” Biden said in an interview with KQED. “Here we are now eight, nine, 10 years later and I’m not being critical of anybody in California — you’ve been ahead of everybody — but everybody sort of had an epiphany here. Everybody understands this is really worth it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2009, with the country reeling from the Great Recession, President Barack Obama tasked Biden with overseeing the administration’s $787 billion stimulus package.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Included in the bill was a $90 billion investment in clean energy, the largest in U.S. history. The biggest renewable energy windfall went to California: $11.8 billion by the end of Obama’s first term — triple the amount awarded to any other state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Recovery Act experience showed that Biden can pursue a green initiative that balances large-scale government investment with private sector innovation, said Joseph Aldy, professor of the practice of public policy at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s this kind of experience that for Vice President Biden, helps him form a very pragmatic approach,” said Aldy, who served in the Obama administration as special assistant to the president for energy and environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in a presidential primary marked by competition over ambitious progressive agendas, there’s a political risk in asking voters to turn their attention back a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden’s leading opponents in California are running on their climate plans, not records. Bernie Sanders’ (the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11798764/bernie-sanders-pulls-away-from-pack-in-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">current leader\u003c/a> in state primary polling) is calling for a “Green New Deal” with nearly 10 times the spending Biden’s plan envisions, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m concerned about whether or not climate change will be at the top of the agenda for a Biden administration,” said Leah Stokes, assistant professor of political science at UC Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And unlike Biden, candidates including Sanders, Massachusetts Sen. Elizabeth Warren and former South Bend Mayor Pete Buttigieg are calling for a nationwide ban on new hydraulic fracking — a method of extracting oil by using water and chemicals to crack open geological formations. That position is likely to win over environmental activists in California, where Gov. Gavin Newsom recently placed a moratorium on new fracking permits, in part over concerns about methane leakage from the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To win over California climate voters, Biden will have to persuade them to take a second look at Obama-era investments that largely flew under the radar, re-examine some high-profile failures and embrace lessons from the Recovery Act as a stepping stone to future climate action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11800190\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11800190\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41120_Biden-Solar-2-large-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"U.S. President Barack Obama and Vice President Joe Biden look at solar panels as they tour the solar array at the Denver Museum of Nature and Science in Denver, Colorado, February 17, 2009.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41120_Biden-Solar-2-large-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41120_Biden-Solar-2-large-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41120_Biden-Solar-2-large-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/02/RS41120_Biden-Solar-2-large-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former President Barack Obama and Vice President Joe Biden look at solar panels as they tour the solar array at the Denver Museum of Nature and Science in Denver, Colorado, on Feb. 17, 2009. \u003ccite>(Jim Watson/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Voter Focus on Climate Change\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last time Biden ran for president, in 2008, climate change barely registered as a priority for California primary voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/content/pubs/survey/S_1207MBS.pdf\">December 2007 survey\u003c/a> from the Public Policy Institute of California, just 3% of primary voters picked “environment” as the issue they wanted to hear about most from presidential candidates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twelve years later, after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1932445/un-report-issues-life-or-death-warning-for-planetary-survival\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dire warnings\u003c/a> about the impending damage that could come with a warmer planet, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1944993/study-climate-change-a-leading-driver-of-californias-wildfires\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more intense wildfires\u003c/a> wreaking havoc at both ends of the state, voter priorities among Democrats in California have drastically shifted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, primary voters name climate change as their highest priority for the next president, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://news.berkeley.edu/2019/12/09/warren-biden-slip-in-california-primary-race-says-new-berkeley-igs-poll/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">December poll\u003c/a> from the UC Berkeley Institute of Governmental Studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The perception of what is needed, that’s changed drastically, thank God,” Biden said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden is betting that the Recovery Act, remembered by most as a Keynesian response to revive the economy during the Great Recession, will gain new bona fides as a major climate initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A ‘Major Down Payment’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last decade, California became home to the world’s bestselling electric car and largest solar-thermal power plant. Cities replaced millions of street lights with energy-efficient LED bulbs and state leaders recently celebrated California’s one-millionth solar roof installation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of those gains were made, in part, because of the funds that flowed from the Recovery Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billions of dollars in loan guarantees helped develop the Ivanpah solar plant in the Mojave Desert and the Tesla Motors factory in Fremont, while grants and tax breaks provided incentives for cities and homeowners to make energy efficiency upgrades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11533488\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11533488\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall-800x515.jpg\" alt=\"Workers install solar panels on the roof of a home in San Rafael.\" width=\"800\" height=\"515\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall-800x515.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall-160x103.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall-1020x657.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall-1180x760.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall-960x618.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall-240x155.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall-375x241.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RooftopSolarInstall-520x335.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers install solar panels on the roof of a home in San Rafael. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Robert Weisenmiller, who served as a California’s energy commissioner from 2010 to 2019, said the stimulus package provided a “major down payment on our energy infrastructure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We did a surprisingly large number of projects, about nine major solar projects,” he added. “No one had ever really tried to do that level of permitting. And many of these projects combined state and federal land in some fashion. So it really laid the groundwork for a lot of the future we’re in now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Obama administration \u003ca href=\"https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/page/files/20160225_cea_final_clean_energy_report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">credited Recovery Act\u003c/a> investments with saving enough energy to power 10,000 homes by 2050 and a 2011 study from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bluegreenalliance.org/resources/rebuilding-green-the-american-recovery-and-reinvestment-act-and-the-green-economy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BlueGreen Alliance\u003c/a> credited the Recovery Act’s clean energy initiatives with “creating or saving nearly a million jobs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the past, people would say, ‘Oh, if you’re supporting solar panels, that might be costing us jobs in other parts of the economy,'” said Harvard professor Joseph Aldy. “Well now we realize that if we’re investing in the installation of solar panels, and in their manufacturing, we’re actually creating some jobs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It makes people think twice about what a clean energy transition might look like from a labor standpoint, not just from a reducing carbon dioxide emissions standpoint,” Aldy added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Notable Failures\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But like so much of the Obama administration’s stimulus package, many clean energy investments largely flew under the radar, like the tax breaks folded into corporate and personal returns, and grants dropped into city coffers for future spending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The projects in California that did receive attention were not the shining examples the administration had hoped for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most notable failure was Solyndra, the solar panel manufacturer which received the first loan guarantee from the Recovery Act: $535 million to build their manufacturing facility in the Bay Area city of Fremont and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KYiJ-_K9NCo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">visit from President Obama\u003c/a> to boot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2011, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/38746/fremonts-solyndra-solar-tech-firm-suspending-operations-filing-bankruptcy\">company went bankrupt\u003c/a>, laying off 1,100 workers. Solyndra’s flop \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2015/08/f26/11-0078-I.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">drew scrutiny\u003c/a> of the company’s loan application and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/solyndra-energy-department-failed-to-sound-alarm-as-solar-company-sank/2011/11/04/gIQAGQgfBN_story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">unleashed criticism\u003c/a> that the Energy Department propped up the manufacturer because of its investors’ ties to the president. The next year, Republicans spent millions on ads attacking Obama over the loan guarantee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We learned that the appetite for risk in the political environment in Washington, D.C. is relatively low,” Aldy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Solyndra, the massive Ivanpah Solar Power Facility in the Mojave Desert has been targeted as a symbol of the stimulus packages’ largess.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10826397\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10826397\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/01/GettyImages-476570455-800x539.jpg\" alt=\"Heliostats - in essence, rotating mirrors - at the Ivanpah solar power plant, in California's Mojave Desert south of Las Vegas. \" width=\"800\" height=\"539\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Heliostats – in essence, rotating mirrors – at the Ivanpah solar power plant, in California’s Mojave Desert south of Las Vegas. \u003ccite>(Ethan Miller/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the most New Deal-esque project to land in California through the Recovery Act, Ivanpah was the largest solar thermal power plant in the world at the time of its completion in 2014: Hundreds of thousands of sunlight-reflecting mirrors spread across 5 square miles of federal land. Oakland-based BrightSource Energy received more than $1.37 billion in loan guarantees through the Recovery Act to construct the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The early reports on Ivanpah were \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/3812/the-ivanpah-solar-facilitys-pollution-problem\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">less than stellar\u003c/a>: criticism that it harmed local wildlife, energy production that fell short of targets and an over-reliance on natural gas to operate the system at night and on cloudy days, which rendered the facility a carbon polluter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while the cost efficiency of Ivanpah is \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-08-15/green-flops-why-some-promising-cleantech-ideas-didn-t-work-out\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">still maligned\u003c/a>, clean energy production from the facility has \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/browser/#/plant/57074?freq=A&start=2014&end=2018&ctype=linechart<ype=pin&columnchart=ELEC.PLANT.GEN.57074-ALL-ALL.A&linechart=ELEC.PLANT.GEN.57074-ALL-ALL.A&pin=&maptype=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">edged up\u003c/a> in \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/browser/#/plant/57073?freq=A&start=2014&end=2018&ctype=linechart<ype=pin&columnchart=ELEC.PLANT.GEN.57073-ALL-ALL.A&linechart=ELEC.PLANT.GEN.57073-ALL-ALL.A&pin=&maptype=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recent\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/browser/#/plant/57075?freq=A&start=2014&end=2018&ctype=linechart<ype=pin&columnchart=ELEC.PLANT.GEN.57075-ALL-ALL.A&linechart=ELEC.PLANT.GEN.57075-ALL-ALL.A&pin=&maptype=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">years\u003c/a>, and experts have hailed it as a trailblazer for future large-scale solar power production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Santa Barbara professor Leah Stokes argued that the loan guarantee program that funded Ivanpah and Solyndra deserves a second look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The government made money on that program while also supporting lots of companies creating new technologies,” Stokes said. “And a project like Ivanpah, which is riskier because it’s new and innovative, is exactly the kind of thing that the federal government should be supporting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I actually think that those were really smart investments that the federal government made,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Future Investments Must Go Further, Experts Say \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even proponents of the Recovery Act’s clean energy impacts acknowledge that Biden, or any other Democratic contender, will have to drastically up the ante in future climate-focused investments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because while the stimulus invested heavily in renewable energy, it wasn’t explicitly designed to fight climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal dollars were prioritized for shovel-ready projects as part of the stimulus’ chief goal of getting Americans back to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a mechanism to limit greenhouse gases, like California’s cap-and-trade system, never came to fruition: Obama and Biden failed to rally enough support in the U.S Senate for a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=112795024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">carbon pricing measure\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A decade later, it’s hard to evaluate the impact the Recovery Act had on the decarbonization of the economy. Studies \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032114008855\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">have found\u003c/a> that emissions dropped more than expected in the years after the stimulus, but largely attribute that to a slowed economy and a nationwide shift from coal to natural gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s face it, in 2010, it was economic recovery we were focused on. Now, we have to focus on climate change,” said Weisenmiller, the former California energy commissioner. “We need more on the level of a World War II-type of effort to really move the needle on climate — American Recovery and Reinvestment Act times ten or something.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "aside",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "Election 2020 ",
"tag": "election2020"
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden’s leading opponents in California have made climate proposals that more closely mirror that wartime scope, led by Sanders’ promise of a $16.3 trillion investment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden has pledged $1.7 trillion in spending and wants Congress to pass emissions limits that would drive further private-sector capital toward clean energy. And he says his foreign policy experience makes him well-equipped to bring other nations along in a global effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Recovery Act was signed, the concept of climate justice was in its nascent stages. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032114008855\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2015 study from the International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics\u003c/a> at Lund University found that “there is no data that can be used to determine which demographic groups gained most as a result of the Renewable Energy stimulus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By contrast, the climate plans of the leading Democrats in 2020 all come with a nod to climate justice and promise that economic mobilization in the face of a climate crisis will also address racial and socioeconomic disparities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s one thing to say, ‘How do we get photovoltaics commercialized?’ ” Weisenmiller said. “It’s another thing to say, ‘How do you make sure that everyone participates in some fashion? How do you make sure that you’re really reaching out to our disadvantaged communities?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘There’s Going to Be Mistakes Made’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked about his climate plan, Biden pledged to seize the “opportunity” of climate change to reshape the country’s economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re the only country in the world that’s ever turned great problems into great opportunities,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To make that happen, Biden sounded ready to embrace lessons from the Recovery Act’s clean energy investment: political patience and an embrace of risk-taking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of the experimentation that’s going to take place to get us to net zero emissions, there’s going to be mistakes made,” Biden said. “But that can’t turn us back from the commitment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If climate-focused research and development goes off without a hitch, it likely isn’t moving the needle enough, said Weisenmiller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to really expect some failures to occur,” Weisenmiller added. “But if you do enough things, and you have enough successes, you’re going to push things forward.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/news/11799776/with-california-voters-focused-on-climate-biden-touts-obama-era-energy-investments",
"authors": [
"227"
],
"programs": [
"news_72"
],
"categories": [
"news_19906",
"news_8",
"news_13",
"news_356"
],
"tags": [
"news_255",
"news_28756",
"news_27419",
"news_19542",
"news_717",
"news_17968",
"news_394",
"news_1824",
"news_57",
"news_17041"
],
"featImg": "news_11798086",
"label": "news_72"
},
"science_1956515": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1956515",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1956515",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1580934025000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1580934025,
"format": "standard",
"title": "Conservation Groups Join California in Legal Dispute Over Protecting Bumblebees",
"headTitle": "Conservation Groups Join California in Legal Dispute Over Protecting Bumblebees | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Environmentalists are backing state wildlife officials in a legal dispute over critically threatened bumblebees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June 2018, the California Fish and Game Commission \u003ca href=\"https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=170351&inline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">listed\u003c/a> four species — crotch, Franklin’s, suckley cuckoo and western bumblebee — as candidate species for protections under the state Endangered Species Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few months later, the California Farm Bureau Federation and six other agricultural associations sued the state over that decision. They argue that the the law cannot protect the bees because it defines candidate species as “bird, mammal, fish, amphibian, reptile or plant” and does not directly mention “insects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If California listed the bees as endangered species it would set a harmful precedent for farmers and ranchers, they say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation, Defenders of Wildlife and the Center for Food Safety filed a \u003ca href=\"https://defenders.org/sites/default/files/2020-01/2020-01-28%20Native%20Bees%20MTI.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">motion\u003c/a> to intervene last month. Those groups seek to defend the state’s decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the environmentalists’ move is not surprising — their petition led to the bumblebees being proposed for protected status — it does add legal muscle to fight the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>“\u003c/em>The four bees are critically endangered and by the legal standards within the California Endangered Species Act should be listed,” said Kim Delfino, Defenders of Wildlife’s California program director. “We believe that insects should be protected under the state endangered species act.\u003cem>”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency \u003ca href=\"https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=166804&inline\">report\u003c/a> found that the bee populations are in “steep decline,” in part because of pesticides and farmer-managed honeybee colonies. Bumblebees depend on abundant flowers and undisturbed habitat to nest and spend the winter, but officials say ranching and climate change threaten their habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franklin’s bumblebee, for example, is so threatened that California bee surveys have not detected the species since 1998. While state officials don’t yet believe the bee is extinct, the survey results suggest its distribution — already the smallest of any North American bumblebee species — is exhausted, the state’s listing report says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote] The California Department of Fish and Wildlife found that bumblebee populations are in steep decline, in part because of pesticides and farmer-managed honeybee colonies.[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Farm Bureau Federation \u003ca href=\"https://www.cottonfarming.com/special-report/seven-ag-groups-file-lawsuit-regarding-bumblebee-species/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">argues\u003c/a> that the remedies the environmentalists proposed to protect the bumblebees — restricting grazing, pesticides and the use of commercial honeybees — would harm farmers and ranchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coalition of agricultural groups opposing the bee listing include the Almond Alliance of California, California Association of Pest Control Advisers, California Citrus Mutual, California Cotton Growers and Ginners Association and Western Agricultural Processors Association and Western Growers.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 437,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 14
},
"modified": 1704847828,
"excerpt": "Farm and ranch associations say that if California lists the bees as endangered it would set a harmful precedent.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Farm and ranch associations say that if California lists the bees as endangered it would set a harmful precedent.",
"title": "Conservation Groups Join California in Legal Dispute Over Protecting Bumblebees | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Conservation Groups Join California in Legal Dispute Over Protecting Bumblebees",
"datePublished": "2020-02-05T12:20:25-08:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-09T16:50:28-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "conservation-groups-join-california-in-legal-dispute-over-protecting-bumblebees",
"status": "publish",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Bumblebees",
"path": "/science/1956515/conservation-groups-join-california-in-legal-dispute-over-protecting-bumblebees",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Environmentalists are backing state wildlife officials in a legal dispute over critically threatened bumblebees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June 2018, the California Fish and Game Commission \u003ca href=\"https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=170351&inline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">listed\u003c/a> four species — crotch, Franklin’s, suckley cuckoo and western bumblebee — as candidate species for protections under the state Endangered Species Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few months later, the California Farm Bureau Federation and six other agricultural associations sued the state over that decision. They argue that the the law cannot protect the bees because it defines candidate species as “bird, mammal, fish, amphibian, reptile or plant” and does not directly mention “insects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If California listed the bees as endangered species it would set a harmful precedent for farmers and ranchers, they say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation, Defenders of Wildlife and the Center for Food Safety filed a \u003ca href=\"https://defenders.org/sites/default/files/2020-01/2020-01-28%20Native%20Bees%20MTI.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">motion\u003c/a> to intervene last month. Those groups seek to defend the state’s decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the environmentalists’ move is not surprising — their petition led to the bumblebees being proposed for protected status — it does add legal muscle to fight the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>“\u003c/em>The four bees are critically endangered and by the legal standards within the California Endangered Species Act should be listed,” said Kim Delfino, Defenders of Wildlife’s California program director. “We believe that insects should be protected under the state endangered species act.\u003cem>”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency \u003ca href=\"https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=166804&inline\">report\u003c/a> found that the bee populations are in “steep decline,” in part because of pesticides and farmer-managed honeybee colonies. Bumblebees depend on abundant flowers and undisturbed habitat to nest and spend the winter, but officials say ranching and climate change threaten their habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franklin’s bumblebee, for example, is so threatened that California bee surveys have not detected the species since 1998. While state officials don’t yet believe the bee is extinct, the survey results suggest its distribution — already the smallest of any North American bumblebee species — is exhausted, the state’s listing report says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": " The California Department of Fish and Wildlife found that bumblebee populations are in steep decline, in part because of pesticides and farmer-managed honeybee colonies.",
"name": "pullquote",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Farm Bureau Federation \u003ca href=\"https://www.cottonfarming.com/special-report/seven-ag-groups-file-lawsuit-regarding-bumblebee-species/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">argues\u003c/a> that the remedies the environmentalists proposed to protect the bumblebees — restricting grazing, pesticides and the use of commercial honeybees — would harm farmers and ranchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coalition of agricultural groups opposing the bee listing include the Almond Alliance of California, California Association of Pest Control Advisers, California Citrus Mutual, California Cotton Growers and Ginners Association and Western Agricultural Processors Association and Western Growers.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1956515/conservation-groups-join-california-in-legal-dispute-over-protecting-bumblebees",
"authors": [
"11608"
],
"categories": [
"science_2874",
"science_35",
"science_36",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_3840",
"science_192",
"science_3370"
],
"featImg": "science_1956520",
"label": "source_science_1956515"
},
"news_11800048": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "news_11800048",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11800048",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1580862649000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "news",
"term": 18515
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1580862649,
"format": "standard",
"disqusTitle": "PG&E Looks for an Exit",
"title": "PG&E Looks for an Exit",
"headTitle": "Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>A federal judge approved another part of PG&E's \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreexitplan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bankruptcy exit plan\u003c/a> — but Gov. Gavin Newsom has been threatening a state-backed takeover of the utility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom isn't the only one pushing a state takeover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this week, state Sen. Scott Wiener, D-San Francisco, talked about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11799335/state-senator-introduces-plan-for-california-to-takeover-pge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">his plans\u003c/a> for what he called \"an irresponsibly run company.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In strange-but-true cartoon news, as soon as I started drawing this cartoon, a contract tree-trimming crew began to cut the trees near power lines right outside my window.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If only all of my cartoons had that effect ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "11800048 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11800048",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/02/04/pge-looks-for-an-exit/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 103,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 7
},
"modified": 1580865797,
"excerpt": "A federal judge approved another part of PG&E's bankruptcy exit plan, but Gov. Newsom has been threatening a state-backed takeover of the utility.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "A federal judge approved another part of PG&E's bankruptcy exit plan, but Gov. Newsom has been threatening a state-backed takeover of the utility.",
"title": "PG&E Looks for an Exit | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "NewsArticle",
"headline": "PG&E Looks for an Exit",
"datePublished": "2020-02-04T16:30:49-08:00",
"dateModified": "2020-02-04T17:23:17-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"isAccessibleForFree": "True",
"publisher": {
"@type": "NewsMediaOrganization",
"@id": "https://www.kqed.org/#organization",
"name": "KQED",
"logo": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"url": "https://www.kqed.org",
"sameAs": [
"https://www.facebook.com/KQED",
"https://twitter.com/KQED",
"https://www.instagram.com/kqed/",
"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial",
"https://www.linkedin.com/company/kqed",
"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeC0IOo7i1P_61zVUWbJ4nw"
]
}
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "pge-looks-for-an-exit",
"status": "publish",
"path": "/news/11800048/pge-looks-for-an-exit",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A federal judge approved another part of PG&E's \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioreexitplan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bankruptcy exit plan\u003c/a> — but Gov. Gavin Newsom has been threatening a state-backed takeover of the utility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom isn't the only one pushing a state takeover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this week, state Sen. Scott Wiener, D-San Francisco, talked about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11799335/state-senator-introduces-plan-for-california-to-takeover-pge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">his plans\u003c/a> for what he called \"an irresponsibly run company.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In strange-but-true cartoon news, as soon as I started drawing this cartoon, a contract tree-trimming crew began to cut the trees near power lines right outside my window.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If only all of my cartoons had that effect ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/news/11800048/pge-looks-for-an-exit",
"authors": [
"3236"
],
"series": [
"news_18515"
],
"categories": [
"news_19906",
"news_6188",
"news_8"
],
"tags": [
"news_2632",
"news_16",
"news_20949",
"news_140",
"news_24802"
],
"featImg": "news_11800060",
"label": "news_18515"
},
"news_11799970": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "news_11799970",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11799970",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1580851838000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "news",
"term": 72
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1580851838,
"format": "audio",
"disqusTitle": "Judge Approves Key Piece of PG&E's Bankruptcy Exit Plan",
"title": "Judge Approves Key Piece of PG&E's Bankruptcy Exit Plan",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The federal judge overseeing PG&E's bankruptcy case approved a settlement on Tuesday that moves the troubled utility closer to emerging from Chapter 11 protection, though the company still hasn't resolved its differences with Gov. Gavin Newsom over its exit plan. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Bankruptcy Judge Dennis Montali signed off on a deal to refinance billions of dollars in debt to pay off PG&E bondholders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bondholders had put forward their own plan to bring PG&E out of bankruptcy, essentially proposing to Montali that they should be allowed to take over the utility. But as part of an agreement unveiled last month, the bondholders agreed to abandon their plan and support the company's blueprint instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past few months, PG&E has also negotiated settlements totaling $25.5 billion to appease homeowners, businesses, insurers and government agencies who had claimed more than $50 billion in losses from a series of catastrophic wildfires blamed on the utility's electrical equipment and managerial negligence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One fire victim, Will Abrams, tried unsuccessfully Tuesday to convince Montali to reject PG&E's settlement with the noteholders because he believes it will help the company push through an unfair plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is heading in the wrong direction,\" Abrams told Montali.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E now appears to be well positioned to emerge from bankruptcy by June 30 — the deadline set by a new California law for the company to exit Chapter 11 protection and participate in a new state-run wildfire insurance fund. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the utility still faces one formidable stumbling block: opposition from Gov. Gavin Newsom and other elected officials. They have threatened a government-backed takeover of the company unless it makes dramatic management changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E, which provides power to about 16 million people, last week expressed confidence that it will be able to satisfy Newsom by the June 30 deadline to emerge from bankruptcy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a sign of its confidence, PG&E used part of Tuesday's hearing to work out a timetable that would enable the company to put the bankruptcy behind it just 17 months after the process began. That would be much faster than the three years it took PG&E to reorganize when it filed for bankruptcy in 2001.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Newsom and PG&E are under pressure to pay the more than 70,000 people who have filed claims after losing family members and property in deadly 2017 and 2018 fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E is setting up a $13.5 billion fund to pay the wildfire victims, but that deal is still a big point of contention in the case. Since the settlement was reached in December, Montali has been swamped with letters from victims worried that too much of the money will go to attorneys and government agencies seeking reimbursement for the billions of dollars doled out during and after the wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montali noted the victims' concerns Tuesday and set a Feb. 21 deadline for the lawyers to provide a clear explanation of how victims will file claims, with a timeline explaining how they can expect to be paid. A more exhaustive breakdown must be filed on March 10.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A hearing on PG&E's disclosure statement, the equivalent of the voter pamphlets traditionally distributed in elections, will also be held on March 10. If Montali approves the statement, voting on PG&E's reorganization plan will begin in early April and be completed by May 15. About 415,000 different parties are expected to receive the disclosure statement, a massive undertaking that illustrates the scope of PG&E's turmoil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Coverage\" tag=\"pge\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom's opinion will be among the most influential. The governor is demanding that PG&E replace its entire 14-member board of directors, including CEO Bill Johnson, and revise other elements of its plan to reduce debt load so it has financial flexibility to pay for $40 billion to $50 billion in improvements to its outdated electrical system to reduce the chances of igniting more wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company pledged to bring in new directors, without specifying how many, but hasn't said if it will tweak its financial plan. A lawyer representing Newsom told Montali the governor remains dissatisfied with PG&E's current financing plan. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom, state lawmakers and PG&E's chief regulatory agency in California hold unusual leverage over the company because of a wildfire insurance fund created by the state. The company needs money from the fund for its reorganization plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to Newsom's opposition, PG&E is facing an effort launched this week by state Sen. Scott Wiener, D-San Francisco, for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11799335/state-senator-introduces-plan-for-california-to-takeover-pge\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">a state takeover\u003c/a> of the company. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener's bill, which comes one year into PG&E's bankruptcy case, would use eminent domain to force the company's stockholders to sell their shares to the state of California, which would then take over operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E also continues to face tough questions about its safety practices in a criminal case stemming from a deadly explosion on one of its natural gas lines in 2010. The company is required to comply with the terms of a five-year probation imposed in 2017 because of the explosion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge William Alsup on Tuesday demanded that PG&E provide more details about how it inspected some of the electric transmission lines suspected of causing fires. He gave the utility until Feb. 18 to respond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "11799970 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11799970",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/02/04/judge-approves-key-piece-of-pges-bankruptcy-exit-plan/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 935,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 25
},
"modified": 1580941455,
"excerpt": "Court OKs deal between PG&E and group of bondholders that had proposed taking over the company. Utility's bankruptcy exit plan still faces opposition from state officials. ",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Court OKs deal between PG&E and group of bondholders that had proposed taking over the company. Utility's bankruptcy exit plan still faces opposition from state officials.",
"title": "Judge Approves Key Piece of PG&E's Bankruptcy Exit Plan | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "NewsArticle",
"headline": "Judge Approves Key Piece of PG&E's Bankruptcy Exit Plan",
"datePublished": "2020-02-04T13:30:38-08:00",
"dateModified": "2020-02-05T14:24:15-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"isAccessibleForFree": "True",
"publisher": {
"@type": "NewsMediaOrganization",
"@id": "https://www.kqed.org/#organization",
"name": "KQED",
"logo": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"url": "https://www.kqed.org",
"sameAs": [
"https://www.facebook.com/KQED",
"https://twitter.com/KQED",
"https://www.instagram.com/kqed/",
"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial",
"https://www.linkedin.com/company/kqed",
"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeC0IOo7i1P_61zVUWbJ4nw"
]
}
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "judge-approves-key-piece-of-pges-bankruptcy-exit-plan",
"status": "publish",
"audioUrl": "https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/3d1149b9-de25-4c09-98e3-ab58013079fc/audio.mp3",
"nprByline": "Michael Liedtke \u003cbr> Associated Press",
"audioTrackLength": 59,
"path": "/news/11799970/judge-approves-key-piece-of-pges-bankruptcy-exit-plan",
"audioDuration": 59000,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The federal judge overseeing PG&E's bankruptcy case approved a settlement on Tuesday that moves the troubled utility closer to emerging from Chapter 11 protection, though the company still hasn't resolved its differences with Gov. Gavin Newsom over its exit plan. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Bankruptcy Judge Dennis Montali signed off on a deal to refinance billions of dollars in debt to pay off PG&E bondholders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bondholders had put forward their own plan to bring PG&E out of bankruptcy, essentially proposing to Montali that they should be allowed to take over the utility. But as part of an agreement unveiled last month, the bondholders agreed to abandon their plan and support the company's blueprint instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past few months, PG&E has also negotiated settlements totaling $25.5 billion to appease homeowners, businesses, insurers and government agencies who had claimed more than $50 billion in losses from a series of catastrophic wildfires blamed on the utility's electrical equipment and managerial negligence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One fire victim, Will Abrams, tried unsuccessfully Tuesday to convince Montali to reject PG&E's settlement with the noteholders because he believes it will help the company push through an unfair plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is heading in the wrong direction,\" Abrams told Montali.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E now appears to be well positioned to emerge from bankruptcy by June 30 — the deadline set by a new California law for the company to exit Chapter 11 protection and participate in a new state-run wildfire insurance fund. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the utility still faces one formidable stumbling block: opposition from Gov. Gavin Newsom and other elected officials. They have threatened a government-backed takeover of the company unless it makes dramatic management changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E, which provides power to about 16 million people, last week expressed confidence that it will be able to satisfy Newsom by the June 30 deadline to emerge from bankruptcy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a sign of its confidence, PG&E used part of Tuesday's hearing to work out a timetable that would enable the company to put the bankruptcy behind it just 17 months after the process began. That would be much faster than the three years it took PG&E to reorganize when it filed for bankruptcy in 2001.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Newsom and PG&E are under pressure to pay the more than 70,000 people who have filed claims after losing family members and property in deadly 2017 and 2018 fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E is setting up a $13.5 billion fund to pay the wildfire victims, but that deal is still a big point of contention in the case. Since the settlement was reached in December, Montali has been swamped with letters from victims worried that too much of the money will go to attorneys and government agencies seeking reimbursement for the billions of dollars doled out during and after the wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montali noted the victims' concerns Tuesday and set a Feb. 21 deadline for the lawyers to provide a clear explanation of how victims will file claims, with a timeline explaining how they can expect to be paid. A more exhaustive breakdown must be filed on March 10.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A hearing on PG&E's disclosure statement, the equivalent of the voter pamphlets traditionally distributed in elections, will also be held on March 10. If Montali approves the statement, voting on PG&E's reorganization plan will begin in early April and be completed by May 15. About 415,000 different parties are expected to receive the disclosure statement, a massive undertaking that illustrates the scope of PG&E's turmoil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "aside",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "Related Coverage ",
"tag": "pge"
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom's opinion will be among the most influential. The governor is demanding that PG&E replace its entire 14-member board of directors, including CEO Bill Johnson, and revise other elements of its plan to reduce debt load so it has financial flexibility to pay for $40 billion to $50 billion in improvements to its outdated electrical system to reduce the chances of igniting more wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company pledged to bring in new directors, without specifying how many, but hasn't said if it will tweak its financial plan. A lawyer representing Newsom told Montali the governor remains dissatisfied with PG&E's current financing plan. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom, state lawmakers and PG&E's chief regulatory agency in California hold unusual leverage over the company because of a wildfire insurance fund created by the state. The company needs money from the fund for its reorganization plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to Newsom's opposition, PG&E is facing an effort launched this week by state Sen. Scott Wiener, D-San Francisco, for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11799335/state-senator-introduces-plan-for-california-to-takeover-pge\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">a state takeover\u003c/a> of the company. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener's bill, which comes one year into PG&E's bankruptcy case, would use eminent domain to force the company's stockholders to sell their shares to the state of California, which would then take over operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E also continues to face tough questions about its safety practices in a criminal case stemming from a deadly explosion on one of its natural gas lines in 2010. The company is required to comply with the terms of a five-year probation imposed in 2017 because of the explosion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge William Alsup on Tuesday demanded that PG&E provide more details about how it inspected some of the electric transmission lines suspected of causing fires. He gave the utility until Feb. 18 to respond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/news/11799970/judge-approves-key-piece-of-pges-bankruptcy-exit-plan",
"authors": [
"byline_news_11799970"
],
"programs": [
"news_72"
],
"categories": [
"news_19906",
"news_8"
],
"tags": [
"news_25772",
"news_16",
"news_140",
"news_24802"
],
"featImg": "news_11784837",
"label": "news_72"
},
"science_1956446": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1956446",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1956446",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1580846272000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1580846272,
"format": "standard",
"title": "State Park Plan Is Conservationist's Dream. But Reformers Want Focus on Neglected Neighborhoods",
"headTitle": "State Park Plan Is Conservationist’s Dream. But Reformers Want Focus on Neglected Neighborhoods | KQED",
"content": "\u003ch4>California Gov. Gavin Newsom’s budget proposal includes millions to buy land for a new state park, as well as an equal amount to increase park access for “underserved populations.” Together, the funds address both traditional conservation priorities and those of a new generation of reformers.\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]W[/dropcap]hen Gov. Gavin Newsom outlined his budget proposal last month, he included a tease for conservationists: a $20 million line item, stemming from a one-time budget surplus, to help pay for a new state park, a tantalizing prospect in an era when just one new park has been added to the system over the last 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom hasn’t indicated where the park would be; he said the cost of the land might go up if he shared specific information. But the $20 million figure is exactly what a group of Bay Area lawmakers \u003ca href=\"https://sd07.senate.ca.gov/news/2020-01-08-17-bay-area-caucus-members-urge-governor-legislative-leaders-provide-funding-acquire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">asked\u003c/a> the governor to allocate toward the purchase of a sprawling 50,000-acre \u003ca href=\"https://www.californiaoutdoorproperties.com/listing/n3-cattle-company\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ranch\u003c/a> for sale, spanning Santa Clara, Alameda, San Joaquin and Stanislaus counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align='right' citation='Mike Lynch, California State Park Rangers Association.']‘If this thing goes, then the state is getting back in the park business again. We’ve had a huge, tremendous drought in new parks since the Great Recession.’[/pullquote]The Nature Conservancy and the Trust for Public Lands, two of the largest conservation organizations in the U.S., have secured $30 million to pay for the property in addition to the state’s proposed earmark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The undeveloped land, owned by the N3 Cattle Company of Livermore, is a backpacker’s dream, but given that those 80 square miles abut \u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=537\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lake Del Valle State Recreation Area\u003c/a>, a park with meandering hiking trails and bucolic swimming holes, the location will do little to expand access for the “park poor,” those without a convenient and quick way to get to a major public green area, which is a priority for reformers in the conservation movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align='right' citation='Ramya Sivasubramanian, NRDC']‘We need some of those closer-to-home opportunities … Otherwise we’re not redressing the inequities that exist in the current distribution of our system.’[/pullquote]However, Newsom’s proposal also includes a separate $20 million for a grant program \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB209\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">established\u003c/a> last year to “improve park access for underserved populations.” That would include investing in transportation and other programs to allow for more diverse groups of people to “participate in outdoor environmental educational experiences at state parks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor’s plan also includes $11.8 million to expand technological and physical access, as well as “culturally inclusive” programs and exhibits, at existing parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With these different line items, the governor is gingerly balancing the interests of two groups of environmentalists who hold competing visions for the state’s park system and are separated by geography, age and race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the one hand, the state’s older and whiter backpack-toting conservation groups value parks, in part, for their natural beauty, and they dearly want California to expand wilderness protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They say the Livermore ranch is an incredible opportunity that the state should seize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s a new generation of conservation advocates who value the public health benefits of easily accessible nature over big-ticket parks like the acquisition of the ranch would represent. These younger and more racially diverse proponents assess the desirability of areas targeted for public access in part by their impact on community life. They favor cleaning up polluted areas and restoring smaller neighborhood parks and other local open spaces, and they generally do not advocate for the headline-grabbing establishment of large public parcels of land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of these reform-minded advocates are Los Angeles-based veterans of a successful $4 billion ballot \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_68,_Parks,_Environment,_and_Water_Bond_(June_2018)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">proposition\u003c/a> in 2018 to improve smaller parks and green spaces, among other environmental projects, in mostly urban and suburban areas, with a portion of the funds earmarked for lower-income communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That measure, Proposition 68, appeared on the ballot two years after a Los Angeles County “parks and recreation needs” \u003ca href=\"https://lacountyparkneeds.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/ParksNeedsAssessmentSummary_English.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">assessment\u003c/a> found that 51% of residents lived more than a half-mile away from a local or regional park, too far to make an impact, according to some research. More than 80% of these residents were located in neighborhoods of color, and advocates \u003ca href=\"https://www.advancementprojectca.org/blog/la-county-park-equity-groups-fight-to-turn-park-poor-communities-red-to-green\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">argue\u003c/a> the disparity resulted from decades of unequal land-use decisions that led to public neglect and disinvestment in nonwhite neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Competing Visions\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California last created a state park in Monterey County in 2009, when the state transformed a 4-mile sandy curve of the coastline donated by the U.S. Army into \u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=580\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fort Ord Dunes State Park\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 10 years leading up to the park’s opening marked the longest time without an addition to the state system since California created its parks department in 1927, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2019/05/12/state-parks-standstill-why-california-hasnt-opened-a-new-state-park-in-10-years/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">data\u003c/a> reviewed by the Mercury News. The current drought of new parkland has surpassed that period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Newsom’s proposal is enough to stir the dormant passion of Mike Lynch, president of the California State Park Rangers Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If this thing goes, then the state is getting back in the park business again,” said Lynch. “We’ve had a huge, tremendous drought in new parks since the Great Recession.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lynch doesn’t disagree with efforts to increase access for park-poor communities. But even though the ranch doesn’t fit that bill, he sees it as an opportunity that the state needs to jump on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Opportunities are of the moment, right?” he said. “You can either take it or leave it. But it’s up for sale now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Bob Wieckowski, D-Fremont, called the available land a “once-in-a-generation” opportunity, providing accessible backcountry wilderness and protecting a watershed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s budget \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/2020-21/pdf/BudgetSummary/FullBudgetSummary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">summary\u003c/a> acknowledges the gap in park access by framing the proposed millions of dollars of investment in the Department of Parks and Recreation as a “Parks for All” initiative. “Many Californians lack access to parks, open spaces, and natural and cultural amenities,” the section begins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initiative has been \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JenSiebelNewsom/status/1215804374921838592?s=20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">championed\u003c/a> by Jennifer Siebel Newsom, California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/first-partner/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first partner\u003c/a> and the governor’s wife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But José González, founder of \u003ca href=\"https://latinooutdoors.org/about-us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Latino Outdoors\u003c/a>, a group that advocates for diversifying parks, argues that California should prioritize creating parks around low-income communities of color whom the state has neglected in the past. He says public funding should “ensure that the parks do not perpetuate historical inequities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>González says he values the “conservation opportunity” of the ranch and appreciates that the proposed budget includes equitable funding for park access. But he says the state should bring “diverse communities into the decision-making process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact is that those who have held the land will continue to benefit through these deals,” he said. “These are not black and brown families that are getting millions of dollars” in state money, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Urban Initiatives\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramya Sivasubramanian, deputy director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nrdc.org/about/healthy-people-thriving-communities\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Environmental Justice, Healthy People & Thriving Communities Program\u003c/a> for the Natural Resources Defense Council, says that initiatives like the ones included in the governor’s budget to increase park access do provide good opportunities to “connect people in park poor communities to state parks.” But she said these alone are “insufficient.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need some of those closer-to-home opportunities as well. Otherwise we’re not redressing the inequities that exist in the current distribution of our system\u003cem>.\u003c/em>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sivasubramanian pointed to several locations around Los Angeles that advocates would like California to purchase and run as a state park. The proposed areas include neglected 28-acre \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityprojectca.org/blog/archives/722\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Griffith Park \u003c/a>along the Los Angeles River, a concrete-slab that’s partially cordoned off with a chain-link fence and is covered in construction debris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Redondo Beach, a city of 68,000 in the L.A. area, Mayor Bill Brand’s two\u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/environment/story/2019-12-12/california-clean-energy-gas-plants\">–\u003c/a>decade \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/environment/story/2019-12-12/california-clean-energy-gas-plants\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">crusade\u003c/a> to transform a waterfront power plant into a public park has hit a snag. The plant, surrounded by one of the most densely populated neighborhoods along the entire coast, was set to close at the end of this year. But in November the California Public Utilities Commission \u003ca href=\"https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/business/energy-green/story/2019-11-07/concerned-about-future-power-shortages-utilities-commission-bumps-up-resource-requirements\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">voted\u003c/a> to keep the plant running through 2022 amid concerns over the reliability of the state’s power supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sivasubramanian says advocates want the state to intervene in order to get the park built.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s an even broader opportunity, too, which is not just looking at these places in a vacuum, but at where we can leverage park funds, affordable housing funds and other funds to meet multiple needs in a community,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Accessibility to Quality Parks\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates like Sivasubramanian argue that California should evaluate park projects in terms of public health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers have found strong evidence for quality-of-life benefits from spending time in nature. This is especially true for children, who score better on tests, exhibit improved emotional well-being and self-discipline, and are more attentive and physically active when they live within a half-mile of a park and spend a couple of hours a week there, one \u003ca href=\"https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/translational/peph/webinars/green_spaces/urban_green_space_disparities_and_health_508.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> out of the University of Southern California found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other research in recent years has \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169204616300846\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">illuminated\u003c/a> a disparity in the quality of parks in different neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While low-income people of color may have access to nearby parks, those green spaces tend to be smaller, dirtier, more crowded and in worse condition. They are also subject to more criminal activity than parks in affluent white neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169204618304316\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> that looked at urban parks across the U.S. found that “inequities also emerged for park coverage, park spending per person, and park facilities, with majority-Latino cities being particularly disadvantaged.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Wilderness Society’s Urban to Wild director, Yvette Lopez-Ledesma says her job is partly to build a bridge between “nontraditional conservationists” concerned with these type of inequities and “traditional conservation groups.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The experience of the nontraditional conservationists hasn’t been valued,” she said. “But people are starting to listen. We are getting closer to — not a middle ground yet — but an awareness that we have to do something. We can’t just be the same conservation movement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Ranch Land\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the N3 ranch isn’t in the center of an urban area, it is within driving distance from most major cities in the Bay Area, which a slickly produced video presentation of the property highlights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l_Y1RHS0jN0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Outdoor Properties \u003ca href=\"https://www.californiaoutdoorproperties.com/listing/n3-cattle-company\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lists\u003c/a> the property for sale at a cost of $72 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Broker Todd Renfrew said he’s been inundated with calls from reporters asking about the ranch, a property larger than the city of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A piece of land for sale that’s more than 50,000 acres so close to the Bay Area is unheard of,” said Renfrew. “It is really unique.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largely untouched land is habitat for tule elk, deer, quail and other animals, as well as, evergreen and native oak trees, bay laurel, California buckeye, and gray and coulter pine, according to the listing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The property also includes 200 miles of private roads that could be used for hiking and mountain biking, and 14 hunting camps with cabins that could be transformed into backpacking huts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having partners like the Trust for Public Lands is the kind of thing that makes projects like this work,” Lynch said. “Most new parks must have this kind of collaborative approach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latino Outdoor’s González said the ranch is “an opportunity to protect and preserve as much of the ecological diversity of the landscape… and that’s fantastic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have an opportunity for a transition period,” he said. “As we continue to do traditional — quote unquote — land acquisition deals. It can’t be the same process of 50 years ago. What’s different now is what does this mean in the lens of equity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": true,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 2092,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 52
},
"modified": 1704847830,
"excerpt": "A new generation of conservation advocates values the health and community benefits of nature that is near 'park-poor' neighborhoods over traditional big-ticket park expansion. ",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "A new generation of conservation advocates values the health and community benefits of nature that is near 'park-poor' neighborhoods over traditional big-ticket park expansion. ",
"title": "State Park Plan Is Conservationist's Dream. But Reformers Want Focus on Neglected Neighborhoods | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "State Park Plan Is Conservationist's Dream. But Reformers Want Focus on Neglected Neighborhoods",
"datePublished": "2020-02-04T11:57:52-08:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-09T16:50:30-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "state-park-plan-is-conservationists-dream-but-reformers-want-focus-on-park-poor-neighborhoods",
"status": "publish",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Parks",
"path": "/science/1956446/state-park-plan-is-conservationists-dream-but-reformers-want-focus-on-park-poor-neighborhoods",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch4>California Gov. Gavin Newsom’s budget proposal includes millions to buy land for a new state park, as well as an equal amount to increase park access for “underserved populations.” Together, the funds address both traditional conservation priorities and those of a new generation of reformers.\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">W\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>hen Gov. Gavin Newsom outlined his budget proposal last month, he included a tease for conservationists: a $20 million line item, stemming from a one-time budget surplus, to help pay for a new state park, a tantalizing prospect in an era when just one new park has been added to the system over the last 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom hasn’t indicated where the park would be; he said the cost of the land might go up if he shared specific information. But the $20 million figure is exactly what a group of Bay Area lawmakers \u003ca href=\"https://sd07.senate.ca.gov/news/2020-01-08-17-bay-area-caucus-members-urge-governor-legislative-leaders-provide-funding-acquire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">asked\u003c/a> the governor to allocate toward the purchase of a sprawling 50,000-acre \u003ca href=\"https://www.californiaoutdoorproperties.com/listing/n3-cattle-company\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ranch\u003c/a> for sale, spanning Santa Clara, Alameda, San Joaquin and Stanislaus counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "‘If this thing goes, then the state is getting back in the park business again. We’ve had a huge, tremendous drought in new parks since the Great Recession.’",
"name": "pullquote",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"align": "right",
"citation": "Mike Lynch, California State Park Rangers Association.",
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Nature Conservancy and the Trust for Public Lands, two of the largest conservation organizations in the U.S., have secured $30 million to pay for the property in addition to the state’s proposed earmark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The undeveloped land, owned by the N3 Cattle Company of Livermore, is a backpacker’s dream, but given that those 80 square miles abut \u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=537\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lake Del Valle State Recreation Area\u003c/a>, a park with meandering hiking trails and bucolic swimming holes, the location will do little to expand access for the “park poor,” those without a convenient and quick way to get to a major public green area, which is a priority for reformers in the conservation movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "‘We need some of those closer-to-home opportunities … Otherwise we’re not redressing the inequities that exist in the current distribution of our system.’",
"name": "pullquote",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"align": "right",
"citation": "Ramya Sivasubramanian, NRDC",
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>However, Newsom’s proposal also includes a separate $20 million for a grant program \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB209\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">established\u003c/a> last year to “improve park access for underserved populations.” That would include investing in transportation and other programs to allow for more diverse groups of people to “participate in outdoor environmental educational experiences at state parks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor’s plan also includes $11.8 million to expand technological and physical access, as well as “culturally inclusive” programs and exhibits, at existing parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With these different line items, the governor is gingerly balancing the interests of two groups of environmentalists who hold competing visions for the state’s park system and are separated by geography, age and race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the one hand, the state’s older and whiter backpack-toting conservation groups value parks, in part, for their natural beauty, and they dearly want California to expand wilderness protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They say the Livermore ranch is an incredible opportunity that the state should seize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s a new generation of conservation advocates who value the public health benefits of easily accessible nature over big-ticket parks like the acquisition of the ranch would represent. These younger and more racially diverse proponents assess the desirability of areas targeted for public access in part by their impact on community life. They favor cleaning up polluted areas and restoring smaller neighborhood parks and other local open spaces, and they generally do not advocate for the headline-grabbing establishment of large public parcels of land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of these reform-minded advocates are Los Angeles-based veterans of a successful $4 billion ballot \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_68,_Parks,_Environment,_and_Water_Bond_(June_2018)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">proposition\u003c/a> in 2018 to improve smaller parks and green spaces, among other environmental projects, in mostly urban and suburban areas, with a portion of the funds earmarked for lower-income communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That measure, Proposition 68, appeared on the ballot two years after a Los Angeles County “parks and recreation needs” \u003ca href=\"https://lacountyparkneeds.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/ParksNeedsAssessmentSummary_English.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">assessment\u003c/a> found that 51% of residents lived more than a half-mile away from a local or regional park, too far to make an impact, according to some research. More than 80% of these residents were located in neighborhoods of color, and advocates \u003ca href=\"https://www.advancementprojectca.org/blog/la-county-park-equity-groups-fight-to-turn-park-poor-communities-red-to-green\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">argue\u003c/a> the disparity resulted from decades of unequal land-use decisions that led to public neglect and disinvestment in nonwhite neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Competing Visions\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California last created a state park in Monterey County in 2009, when the state transformed a 4-mile sandy curve of the coastline donated by the U.S. Army into \u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=580\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fort Ord Dunes State Park\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 10 years leading up to the park’s opening marked the longest time without an addition to the state system since California created its parks department in 1927, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2019/05/12/state-parks-standstill-why-california-hasnt-opened-a-new-state-park-in-10-years/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">data\u003c/a> reviewed by the Mercury News. The current drought of new parkland has surpassed that period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Newsom’s proposal is enough to stir the dormant passion of Mike Lynch, president of the California State Park Rangers Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If this thing goes, then the state is getting back in the park business again,” said Lynch. “We’ve had a huge, tremendous drought in new parks since the Great Recession.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lynch doesn’t disagree with efforts to increase access for park-poor communities. But even though the ranch doesn’t fit that bill, he sees it as an opportunity that the state needs to jump on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Opportunities are of the moment, right?” he said. “You can either take it or leave it. But it’s up for sale now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Bob Wieckowski, D-Fremont, called the available land a “once-in-a-generation” opportunity, providing accessible backcountry wilderness and protecting a watershed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s budget \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/2020-21/pdf/BudgetSummary/FullBudgetSummary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">summary\u003c/a> acknowledges the gap in park access by framing the proposed millions of dollars of investment in the Department of Parks and Recreation as a “Parks for All” initiative. “Many Californians lack access to parks, open spaces, and natural and cultural amenities,” the section begins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initiative has been \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JenSiebelNewsom/status/1215804374921838592?s=20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">championed\u003c/a> by Jennifer Siebel Newsom, California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/first-partner/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first partner\u003c/a> and the governor’s wife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But José González, founder of \u003ca href=\"https://latinooutdoors.org/about-us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Latino Outdoors\u003c/a>, a group that advocates for diversifying parks, argues that California should prioritize creating parks around low-income communities of color whom the state has neglected in the past. He says public funding should “ensure that the parks do not perpetuate historical inequities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>González says he values the “conservation opportunity” of the ranch and appreciates that the proposed budget includes equitable funding for park access. But he says the state should bring “diverse communities into the decision-making process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact is that those who have held the land will continue to benefit through these deals,” he said. “These are not black and brown families that are getting millions of dollars” in state money, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Urban Initiatives\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramya Sivasubramanian, deputy director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nrdc.org/about/healthy-people-thriving-communities\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Environmental Justice, Healthy People & Thriving Communities Program\u003c/a> for the Natural Resources Defense Council, says that initiatives like the ones included in the governor’s budget to increase park access do provide good opportunities to “connect people in park poor communities to state parks.” But she said these alone are “insufficient.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need some of those closer-to-home opportunities as well. Otherwise we’re not redressing the inequities that exist in the current distribution of our system\u003cem>.\u003c/em>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sivasubramanian pointed to several locations around Los Angeles that advocates would like California to purchase and run as a state park. The proposed areas include neglected 28-acre \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityprojectca.org/blog/archives/722\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Griffith Park \u003c/a>along the Los Angeles River, a concrete-slab that’s partially cordoned off with a chain-link fence and is covered in construction debris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Redondo Beach, a city of 68,000 in the L.A. area, Mayor Bill Brand’s two\u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/environment/story/2019-12-12/california-clean-energy-gas-plants\">–\u003c/a>decade \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/environment/story/2019-12-12/california-clean-energy-gas-plants\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">crusade\u003c/a> to transform a waterfront power plant into a public park has hit a snag. The plant, surrounded by one of the most densely populated neighborhoods along the entire coast, was set to close at the end of this year. But in November the California Public Utilities Commission \u003ca href=\"https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/business/energy-green/story/2019-11-07/concerned-about-future-power-shortages-utilities-commission-bumps-up-resource-requirements\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">voted\u003c/a> to keep the plant running through 2022 amid concerns over the reliability of the state’s power supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sivasubramanian says advocates want the state to intervene in order to get the park built.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s an even broader opportunity, too, which is not just looking at these places in a vacuum, but at where we can leverage park funds, affordable housing funds and other funds to meet multiple needs in a community,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Accessibility to Quality Parks\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates like Sivasubramanian argue that California should evaluate park projects in terms of public health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers have found strong evidence for quality-of-life benefits from spending time in nature. This is especially true for children, who score better on tests, exhibit improved emotional well-being and self-discipline, and are more attentive and physically active when they live within a half-mile of a park and spend a couple of hours a week there, one \u003ca href=\"https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/translational/peph/webinars/green_spaces/urban_green_space_disparities_and_health_508.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> out of the University of Southern California found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other research in recent years has \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169204616300846\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">illuminated\u003c/a> a disparity in the quality of parks in different neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While low-income people of color may have access to nearby parks, those green spaces tend to be smaller, dirtier, more crowded and in worse condition. They are also subject to more criminal activity than parks in affluent white neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169204618304316\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">study\u003c/a> that looked at urban parks across the U.S. found that “inequities also emerged for park coverage, park spending per person, and park facilities, with majority-Latino cities being particularly disadvantaged.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Wilderness Society’s Urban to Wild director, Yvette Lopez-Ledesma says her job is partly to build a bridge between “nontraditional conservationists” concerned with these type of inequities and “traditional conservation groups.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The experience of the nontraditional conservationists hasn’t been valued,” she said. “But people are starting to listen. We are getting closer to — not a middle ground yet — but an awareness that we have to do something. We can’t just be the same conservation movement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Ranch Land\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the N3 ranch isn’t in the center of an urban area, it is within driving distance from most major cities in the Bay Area, which a slickly produced video presentation of the property highlights.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/l_Y1RHS0jN0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/l_Y1RHS0jN0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>California Outdoor Properties \u003ca href=\"https://www.californiaoutdoorproperties.com/listing/n3-cattle-company\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lists\u003c/a> the property for sale at a cost of $72 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Broker Todd Renfrew said he’s been inundated with calls from reporters asking about the ranch, a property larger than the city of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A piece of land for sale that’s more than 50,000 acres so close to the Bay Area is unheard of,” said Renfrew. “It is really unique.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largely untouched land is habitat for tule elk, deer, quail and other animals, as well as, evergreen and native oak trees, bay laurel, California buckeye, and gray and coulter pine, according to the listing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The property also includes 200 miles of private roads that could be used for hiking and mountain biking, and 14 hunting camps with cabins that could be transformed into backpacking huts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having partners like the Trust for Public Lands is the kind of thing that makes projects like this work,” Lynch said. “Most new parks must have this kind of collaborative approach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latino Outdoor’s González said the ranch is “an opportunity to protect and preserve as much of the ecological diversity of the landscape… and that’s fantastic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have an opportunity for a transition period,” he said. “As we continue to do traditional — quote unquote — land acquisition deals. It can’t be the same process of 50 years ago. What’s different now is what does this mean in the lens of equity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1956446/state-park-plan-is-conservationists-dream-but-reformers-want-focus-on-park-poor-neighborhoods",
"authors": [
"11608"
],
"categories": [
"science_35",
"science_39",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_3370",
"science_4008",
"science_448"
],
"featImg": "science_1956452",
"label": "source_science_1956446"
},
"science_1956362": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1956362",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1956362",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1580745674000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "scientists-count-gray-whales-following-unusual-spate-of-deaths-last-spring",
"title": "Scientists Count Gray Whales Following Unusual Spate of Deaths Last Spring",
"publishDate": 1580745674,
"format": "standard",
"headTitle": "Scientists Count Gray Whales Following Unusual Spate of Deaths Last Spring | KQED",
"labelTerm": {},
"content": "\u003cp>It’s one of the great migrations on the planet. Each winter, gray whales swim south from the Arctic to Mexico to rear their calves before turning around in spring and heading north again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the late 1800s, when commercial whaling declined, the giants have made a remarkable comeback, thanks to the Marine Mammal Protection Act and other regulations. Amid the rebound, however, scientists spotted a troubling spate of gray whale deaths last year, the most since 2000. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration announced it \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11751555/feds-plan-to-investigate-spike-in-gray-whale-deaths-on-west-coast-as-unusual-mortality-event\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">would investigate\u003c/a> the cause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED spoke with Dave Weller, a NOAA researcher. He’s leading a survey off the coast of Central California to count the southbound whales. This is the first survey since his agency declared the unusual mortality event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s important about the data you’ll collect this year?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We get a snapshot of the abundance or the total number of gray whales that occur in the Eastern North Pacific. We want to understand how the population is doing for a number of reasons, but one of them is due to the unusual mortality event of last year, 2019, so we want to know whether the population is continuing to increase as it has. Is it stable or is there a decline?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are you seeing whales now?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The migration off the central portion of California begins around early December. It ramps up in the early part of January and all the way until the end of January. We expect the southbound part of that migration to start to wind down in the next two weeks (by mid-February). Following that, then whales will be turning around in Mexico and starting to make their way back north.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How do you count them?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Actually, it’s not rocket science by any means. We have a clifftop vantage point in which we have a team of visual observers with binoculars and they’ve got a predefined study area or a field of view in which they’re looking. They begin to track whales in the north. As they’re headed into the field of view, they count them and record them using a software tracking program and once they cross a line that is immediately offshore of where they sit, then those whales have been counted, they’ve crossed the line and they’re on their way to Mexico and those observers then begin the search and the count for whales coming from the north all over again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote] “If people can get out and see gray whales in nature, they get connected to them and they become supporters of conservation measures.” NOAA researcher Dave Weller [/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>NOAA has been investigating the unusual mortality event. Do we have a better idea why so many whales died last spring?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No, we don’t have a feel for that yet. What we have been able to do during this unusual mortality event is actually get teams of stranding responders onto animals that have washed up on the beach and they’re collecting a variety of biological samples, including measurements, assessment of body condition, all kinds of tissues to run bioassays. And so we really don’t know the results of those analyses yet. Sometimes those can take many months or even several years to compile the data and put them together. So we don’t have a good feel for what is happening at this very moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How is the overall population doing?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gray whales in the Northern Pacific is one of the great conservation success stories of the Marine Mammal Protection Act and other protections that have been put into place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were nearly exterminated by commercial whaling, \u003ca href=\"https://www.whalingmuseum.org/learn/whaling-heights\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Yankee whalers\u003c/a> in particular, in the 1800s to the point where, by the late 1800s, they were considered to be commercially extinct. It was no longer viable for whalers to go out looking for them and to try and hunt them. But in that time, protections went into place and the population has rebounded substantially.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve been conducting this survey off of central California since 1967 so we’ve got more than 50 years of data to show the growth of the population from near extinction to 2016 was the last estimate that we have, and the population has grown to 27,000 whales. So in essence, it’s doing better than we have known it to be, in better condition than in terms of higher numbers since at least 1967.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>If people are interested in seeing the migration, do you have any tips for them?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m all for that. I think if people can get out and see gray whales in nature, they get connected to them and they become supporters of conservation measures. And so a couple of ways to go about that is to identify a local whale watch company that does their operation in a responsible manner and get on board and go out to sea and hopefully they’ll find gray whales passing by. If you’re inclined to be seasick or reluctant to get out on the ocean, another great way to see whales is to get onto a coastal clifftop somewhere. The higher you are, the better. With a pair of binoculars just start to scan the area from the coastline to about midway to the horizon, and this time of year you’re sure to see some whales going by.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "Researchers are gaining their first glimpse of how the gray whale population is faring following last spring, when nearly 200 whales were found dead in the Eastern Pacific.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1727135516,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 20,
"wordCount": 929
},
"headData": {
"title": "Scientists Count Gray Whales Following Unusual Spate of Deaths Last Spring | KQED",
"description": "Researchers are gaining their first glimpse of how the gray whale population is faring following last spring, when nearly 200 whales were found dead in the Eastern Pacific.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Scientists Count Gray Whales Following Unusual Spate of Deaths Last Spring",
"datePublished": "2020-02-03T08:01:14-08:00",
"dateModified": "2024-09-23T16:51:56-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"source": "Living Oceans",
"sticky": false,
"path": "/science/1956362/scientists-count-gray-whales-following-unusual-spate-of-deaths-last-spring",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s one of the great migrations on the planet. Each winter, gray whales swim south from the Arctic to Mexico to rear their calves before turning around in spring and heading north again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the late 1800s, when commercial whaling declined, the giants have made a remarkable comeback, thanks to the Marine Mammal Protection Act and other regulations. Amid the rebound, however, scientists spotted a troubling spate of gray whale deaths last year, the most since 2000. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration announced it \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11751555/feds-plan-to-investigate-spike-in-gray-whale-deaths-on-west-coast-as-unusual-mortality-event\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">would investigate\u003c/a> the cause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED spoke with Dave Weller, a NOAA researcher. He’s leading a survey off the coast of Central California to count the southbound whales. This is the first survey since his agency declared the unusual mortality event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s important about the data you’ll collect this year?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We get a snapshot of the abundance or the total number of gray whales that occur in the Eastern North Pacific. We want to understand how the population is doing for a number of reasons, but one of them is due to the unusual mortality event of last year, 2019, so we want to know whether the population is continuing to increase as it has. Is it stable or is there a decline?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are you seeing whales now?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The migration off the central portion of California begins around early December. It ramps up in the early part of January and all the way until the end of January. We expect the southbound part of that migration to start to wind down in the next two weeks (by mid-February). Following that, then whales will be turning around in Mexico and starting to make their way back north.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How do you count them?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Actually, it’s not rocket science by any means. We have a clifftop vantage point in which we have a team of visual observers with binoculars and they’ve got a predefined study area or a field of view in which they’re looking. They begin to track whales in the north. As they’re headed into the field of view, they count them and record them using a software tracking program and once they cross a line that is immediately offshore of where they sit, then those whales have been counted, they’ve crossed the line and they’re on their way to Mexico and those observers then begin the search and the count for whales coming from the north all over again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": " “If people can get out and see gray whales in nature, they get connected to them and they become supporters of conservation measures.” NOAA researcher Dave Weller ",
"name": "pullquote",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>NOAA has been investigating the unusual mortality event. Do we have a better idea why so many whales died last spring?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No, we don’t have a feel for that yet. What we have been able to do during this unusual mortality event is actually get teams of stranding responders onto animals that have washed up on the beach and they’re collecting a variety of biological samples, including measurements, assessment of body condition, all kinds of tissues to run bioassays. And so we really don’t know the results of those analyses yet. Sometimes those can take many months or even several years to compile the data and put them together. So we don’t have a good feel for what is happening at this very moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How is the overall population doing?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gray whales in the Northern Pacific is one of the great conservation success stories of the Marine Mammal Protection Act and other protections that have been put into place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were nearly exterminated by commercial whaling, \u003ca href=\"https://www.whalingmuseum.org/learn/whaling-heights\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Yankee whalers\u003c/a> in particular, in the 1800s to the point where, by the late 1800s, they were considered to be commercially extinct. It was no longer viable for whalers to go out looking for them and to try and hunt them. But in that time, protections went into place and the population has rebounded substantially.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve been conducting this survey off of central California since 1967 so we’ve got more than 50 years of data to show the growth of the population from near extinction to 2016 was the last estimate that we have, and the population has grown to 27,000 whales. So in essence, it’s doing better than we have known it to be, in better condition than in terms of higher numbers since at least 1967.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>If people are interested in seeing the migration, do you have any tips for them?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m all for that. I think if people can get out and see gray whales in nature, they get connected to them and they become supporters of conservation measures. And so a couple of ways to go about that is to identify a local whale watch company that does their operation in a responsible manner and get on board and go out to sea and hopefully they’ll find gray whales passing by. If you’re inclined to be seasick or reluctant to get out on the ocean, another great way to see whales is to get onto a coastal clifftop somewhere. The higher you are, the better. With a pair of binoculars just start to scan the area from the coastline to about midway to the horizon, and this time of year you’re sure to see some whales going by.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1956362/scientists-count-gray-whales-following-unusual-spate-of-deaths-last-spring",
"authors": [
"11088"
],
"programs": [
"science_5376"
],
"categories": [
"science_2874",
"science_40",
"science_2873",
"science_5141",
"science_3423"
],
"tags": [
"science_3370",
"science_324"
],
"featImg": "science_1956369",
"label": "source_science_1956362"
},
"news_11799335": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "news_11799335",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "11799335",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1580738489000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "news",
"term": 72
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1580738489,
"format": "standard",
"disqusTitle": "State Senator Introduces Plan for California to Take Over PG&E",
"title": "State Senator Introduces Plan for California to Take Over PG&E",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>State Sen. Scott Wiener will unveil legislation today to let the state of California seize control of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11791486/wall-street-could-make-1-billion-off-pges-bankruptcy-and-ratepayers-are-on-the-hook\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">embattled utility PG&E.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='State Sen. Scott Wiener']'PG&E is a failed company — it is an irresponsibly run company.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener's bill, which comes \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11721861/pge-files-for-chapter-11-bankruptcy-protection\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">one year into PG&E's bankruptcy case\u003c/a>, would use eminent domain to force the company's stockholders to sell their shares to the state of California, which would then take over operations. Wiener said the new entity could issue bonds to pay for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"PG&E is a failed company — it is an irresponsibly run company,\" Wiener, a San Francisco Democrat, said in an interview. \"It has allowed its infrastructure to completely deteriorate to the point that it is causing wildfire ... It has just allowed its system to spiral out of control.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said PG&E has proven \"over and over again\" that it does not deserve its monopoly status and that by making it public and instituting new leadership, the state could make a stronger, safer and more reliable system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[The monopoly] is a privilege granted by the state of California. PG&E has forfeited that privilege,\" he said. \"It is more beholden to Wall Street and the shareholders than maintaining its system and providing safe and reliable service. \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The structure of the new state-run utility would be modeled off the Long Island Power Authority in New York, Wiener said. Although the upper management would be state employees, the vast majority of utility workers would actually be employed by a newly created public benefit corporation that would be contracted by the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That structure would dispense with one of the biggest concerns of PG&E's 24,000 employees, Wiener explained: The vast majority wouldn't see any changes to their pensions, benefits or seniority because they still wouldn't technically be state workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For me, protecting these workers is a top priority,\" he said. \"Everything will be the same, but they will be working for a publicly owned utility instead of an investor-owned utility. I have no desire to harm the workers and we want to keep them completely whole.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11637256\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"State Sen. Scott Wiener\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11637256\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">State Sen. Scott Wiener \u003ccite>(Michelle Gachet/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wiener said the new utility would be overseen by a seven-member board of directors that would be appointed by local governments and that the state Energy Commission would also have oversight power. The legislation will be structured to protect the state's general fund from any future liabilities, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection last January, after two years of devastating wildfires, some sparked by its own equipment, left the utility facing tens of billions of dollars in claims from fire victims. The company, which serves 16 million Californians, has been working to exit bankruptcy by this coming June. In December, it cleared its biggest hurdle: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11790175/pge-announces-13-5-billion-deal-to-resolve-wildfire-claims\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reaching a $13.5 billion settlement\u003c/a> with wildfire survivors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"bankruptcy\"]But Gov. Gavin Newsom has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11791646/gov-newsom-pge-face-off-in-bankruptcy-dispute\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">raised concerns\u003c/a> about PG&E's broader restructuring plan, saying it relies too heavily on debt and won't leave the company in a strong enough financial position to do the safety work needed to avoid future blazes. Newsom has repeatedly raised the possibility of a state takeover — including \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/2020-21/pdf/BudgetSummary/Introduction.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in his recent budget proposal\u003c/a> — although his office hasn't offered details of what that might look like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's unclear what sort of reception Wiener's proposal will get in Sacramento, but lawmakers have appeared \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11787221/lawmakers-grill-utility-executives-on-blackouts-as-more-shutoffs-loom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">increasingly fed up with PG&E in recent months\u003c/a>. His idea isn't the only one out there: San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo is leading a group of local officials interested in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11780862/liccardo-proposes-san-jose-public-utility-in-wake-of-pges-power-shutoffs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">taking over PG&E\u003c/a>; and in September, San Francisco offered the utility $2.5 billion to buy its infrastructure within city limits, a bid \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11779780/pge-rejects-san-franciscos-offer-to-buy-the-citys-electric-grid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the company rejected\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener said he knows there are a lot of ideas and that he \"wants to make sure that public ownership is fully at the table,\" as those conversations play out this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "11799335 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11799335",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/02/03/state-senator-introduces-plan-for-california-to-takeover-pge/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 696,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 16
},
"modified": 1580777609,
"excerpt": "Sen. Wiener's bill, which comes one year into PG&E's bankruptcy case, would use eminent domain to force the company's stockholders to sell their shares to the state.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Scott Wiener's bill, which comes a year into PG&E's bankruptcy case, would use eminent domain to force stockholders to sell their shares to the state.",
"title": "State Senator Introduces Plan for California to Take Over PG&E | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "NewsArticle",
"headline": "State Senator Introduces Plan for California to Take Over PG&E",
"datePublished": "2020-02-03T06:01:29-08:00",
"dateModified": "2020-02-03T16:53:29-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"isAccessibleForFree": "True",
"publisher": {
"@type": "NewsMediaOrganization",
"@id": "https://www.kqed.org/#organization",
"name": "KQED",
"logo": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"url": "https://www.kqed.org",
"sameAs": [
"https://www.facebook.com/KQED",
"https://twitter.com/KQED",
"https://www.instagram.com/kqed/",
"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial",
"https://www.linkedin.com/company/kqed",
"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeC0IOo7i1P_61zVUWbJ4nw"
]
}
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "state-senator-introduces-plan-for-california-to-takeover-pge",
"status": "publish",
"audioTrackLength": 190,
"path": "/news/11799335/state-senator-introduces-plan-for-california-to-takeover-pge",
"audioUrl": "https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/cae3ba55-4de9-4fae-a70a-ab560129f50e/audio.mp3",
"audioDuration": 190000,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>State Sen. Scott Wiener will unveil legislation today to let the state of California seize control of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11791486/wall-street-could-make-1-billion-off-pges-bankruptcy-and-ratepayers-are-on-the-hook\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">embattled utility PG&E.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "'PG&E is a failed company — it is an irresponsibly run company.'",
"name": "pullquote",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"size": "medium",
"align": "right",
"citation": "State Sen. Scott Wiener",
"label": ""
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener's bill, which comes \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11721861/pge-files-for-chapter-11-bankruptcy-protection\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">one year into PG&E's bankruptcy case\u003c/a>, would use eminent domain to force the company's stockholders to sell their shares to the state of California, which would then take over operations. Wiener said the new entity could issue bonds to pay for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"PG&E is a failed company — it is an irresponsibly run company,\" Wiener, a San Francisco Democrat, said in an interview. \"It has allowed its infrastructure to completely deteriorate to the point that it is causing wildfire ... It has just allowed its system to spiral out of control.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said PG&E has proven \"over and over again\" that it does not deserve its monopoly status and that by making it public and instituting new leadership, the state could make a stronger, safer and more reliable system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[The monopoly] is a privilege granted by the state of California. PG&E has forfeited that privilege,\" he said. \"It is more beholden to Wall Street and the shareholders than maintaining its system and providing safe and reliable service. \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The structure of the new state-run utility would be modeled off the Long Island Power Authority in New York, Wiener said. Although the upper management would be state employees, the vast majority of utility workers would actually be employed by a newly created public benefit corporation that would be contracted by the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That structure would dispense with one of the biggest concerns of PG&E's 24,000 employees, Wiener explained: The vast majority wouldn't see any changes to their pensions, benefits or seniority because they still wouldn't technically be state workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For me, protecting these workers is a top priority,\" he said. \"Everything will be the same, but they will be working for a publicly owned utility instead of an investor-owned utility. I have no desire to harm the workers and we want to keep them completely whole.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11637256\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"State Sen. Scott Wiener\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11637256\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/ScottWiener-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">State Sen. Scott Wiener \u003ccite>(Michelle Gachet/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wiener said the new utility would be overseen by a seven-member board of directors that would be appointed by local governments and that the state Energy Commission would also have oversight power. The legislation will be structured to protect the state's general fund from any future liabilities, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection last January, after two years of devastating wildfires, some sparked by its own equipment, left the utility facing tens of billions of dollars in claims from fire victims. The company, which serves 16 million Californians, has been working to exit bankruptcy by this coming June. In December, it cleared its biggest hurdle: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11790175/pge-announces-13-5-billion-deal-to-resolve-wildfire-claims\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reaching a $13.5 billion settlement\u003c/a> with wildfire survivors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "aside",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "related coverage ",
"tag": "bankruptcy"
},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But Gov. Gavin Newsom has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11791646/gov-newsom-pge-face-off-in-bankruptcy-dispute\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">raised concerns\u003c/a> about PG&E's broader restructuring plan, saying it relies too heavily on debt and won't leave the company in a strong enough financial position to do the safety work needed to avoid future blazes. Newsom has repeatedly raised the possibility of a state takeover — including \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/2020-21/pdf/BudgetSummary/Introduction.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in his recent budget proposal\u003c/a> — although his office hasn't offered details of what that might look like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's unclear what sort of reception Wiener's proposal will get in Sacramento, but lawmakers have appeared \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11787221/lawmakers-grill-utility-executives-on-blackouts-as-more-shutoffs-loom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">increasingly fed up with PG&E in recent months\u003c/a>. His idea isn't the only one out there: San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo is leading a group of local officials interested in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11780862/liccardo-proposes-san-jose-public-utility-in-wake-of-pges-power-shutoffs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">taking over PG&E\u003c/a>; and in September, San Francisco offered the utility $2.5 billion to buy its infrastructure within city limits, a bid \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11779780/pge-rejects-san-franciscos-offer-to-buy-the-citys-electric-grid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the company rejected\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener said he knows there are a lot of ideas and that he \"wants to make sure that public ownership is fully at the table,\" as those conversations play out this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/news/11799335/state-senator-introduces-plan-for-california-to-takeover-pge",
"authors": [
"3239"
],
"programs": [
"news_72"
],
"categories": [
"news_19906",
"news_8",
"news_13"
],
"tags": [
"news_19542",
"news_140",
"news_24802",
"news_26848",
"news_1217",
"news_17041"
],
"featImg": "news_11742389",
"label": "news_72"
},
"science_1956379": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "science_1956379",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1956379",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1580521416000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1580521416,
"format": "standard",
"title": "On the Environment, Trump Is Getting Trounced in the Courts. At Least, So Far ...",
"headTitle": "On the Environment, Trump Is Getting Trounced in the Courts. At Least, So Far … | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp class=\"p1\">California has been involved in 54 major legal cases with the Trump administration on a variety of issues, a \u003ca href=\"https://attorneysgeneral.org/multistate-lawsuits-vs-the-federal-government/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">tracker\u003c/span>\u003c/a> developed by a Marquette University political scientist reveals. Of these, the state has sparred with President Trump over climate change and the environment more than on any other issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has won injunctions, policy reversals or other favorable rulings in 15 of the 16 major environmental cases that the courts have ruled on, with 15 cases pending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state initiated many of the lawsuits, and other states have joined onto them. For example, Illinois, Maryland, New Mexico and four other states joined California when it successfully \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/court-ruling-msj.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">challenged\u003c/span>\u003c/a> the EPA for undermining regulations that control greenhouse gas emissions from landfills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we take action, it’s not just to file a case or delay an action, it’s to win,” California Attorney General Xavier Becerra said. “We’re fighting and winning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the lawsuits, California sued the administration over the science that the Environmental Protection Agency used to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1923269/california-sues-over-plan-to-scrap-car-emission-standards\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">roll back emission standards\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956060/epa-rolls-back-obama-era-rules-protecting-rivers-and-wetlands\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">justification for new water rules\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, and its plan to ease methane regulations. Becerra \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1946927/feds-propose-rolling-back-rules-on-climate-changing-methane-emissions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">called\u003c/span>\u003c/a> that last proposal “monumentally stupid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">California has also brought 23 solo challenges against the administration, which Marquette hasn’t included in its tally yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">In total, the state has been involved in at least 77 legal fights with the Trump administration in just three years. \u003cspan class=\"s2\">That’s plenty more than \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2019/04/california-sues-trump-more-becerra-lawsuit-tracker-update/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Texas had with the Obama administration over eight years\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, when rising \u003c/span>partisanship gripped the nation \u003cspan class=\"s2\">and \u003c/span>conservative state attorneys general challenged the federal government in record numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans’ win rate against Obama hovered around 60%. \u003cspan class=\"s2\">Democratic attorneys generals’ rate is close to 80% against Trump.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>But … the Conservative Supreme Court …\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">California’s win rate shows that lawyers in its attorney general’s office are bringing strong cases, says legal scholar Buzz Thompson, founding director of the Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“It is also true that the Trump administration has been pushing the boundaries of legitimate environmental deregulation more than any prior administration,” he said. “He has been doing it quickly and in some cases sloppily. As a result, there are a lot more opportunities to revise environmental actions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">Paul Nolette, chair of the political science department at Marquette University, \u003c/span>says losses are more likely if the challenges from California rise to the Supreme Court, which has a majority of strongly conservative judges. At the same time, he added, not all of the cases will reach that level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Becerra maintains that he’s “optimistic and confident” that California’s environmental challenges will be successful in the Supreme Court because of what he calls his “three allies” — facts, science and the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">“It should be no different when we get to the Supreme Court with most of these cases,” he said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Mary Nichols, the top air quality regulator with the California Air Resources Board, said in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-01-10/california-clean-air-case-supreme-court-mary-nichols\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">interview\u003c/span>\u003c/a> with the L.A. Times that the environmental case she’s most concerned about is the state’s dispute with the federal government over vehicle emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California challenged the Trump administration after it moved to revoke a waiver that granted authority to the state to set its own tailpipe emissions standards for cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“Our strategy is to win, but to win in a way that does not precipitate a Supreme Court taking of this case until Mr. Trump is out of office,” Nichols said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Pushing Federal Policy From California\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">Nolette said Becerra and other state attorneys general are more involved in national policy now because new federal statutes allow them to enforce environmental policy, consumer protections, Medicaid regulations and other federal law. “Also,” he added, “lawsuits work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">“Twenty years ago, if you said that somebody like Becerra, who was pretty high up in House leadership, is going to resign his seat and go back to California for a state position that is not governor, people would have said: ‘Why would he do that? That’s a terrible career move,’” Nolette said. “Becerra realized he’s able to get more done and get more attention for his policy agenda as the attorney general of California than he was even in House leadership.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">Becerra worked as a California deputy attorney general in the late 1980s, before voters elected him to statewide office in 1990 and eventually to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1992. He sat on the powerful Ways and Means Committee and chaired the House Democractic Caucus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">Becerra replaced Kamala Harris as California attorney general after she was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2016.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A fight over the Trump administration’s travel ban — an executive action that blocked people from six majority-Muslim countries from entering the U.S. — shows that even if a court throws out a legal challenge, the state can first extract policy concessions from the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration’s first travel order sparked \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11291018/protesters-rush-to-airports-as-trump-order-targeting-refugees-take-effect\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">chaos\u003c/span>\u003c/a> at San Francisco International Airport before the courts knocked it down. The Justice Department responded by altering the measure, and the Supreme Court reinstated it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">The Supreme Court decision was one of California’s few legal losses against this administration, but President Trump didn’t celebrate the victory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">Instead, he \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/871675245043888128?s=20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">complained\u003c/span>\u003c/a> on twitter that his Justice Department “should have stayed with the original Travel Ban, not the watered down, politically correct version they submitted to S.C.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked if he’s been more effective in shaping federal policy as California’s top lawyer than he was as a congressman, Becerra said he doesn’t want to “disparage my time in Congress … but it’s true, in a way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">“\u003c/span>This agency can be pretty nimble and move fast as compared to a legislative body, which requires a majority vote and approval by an executive to actually get anything done,” he said. “\u003cspan class=\"s2\">I have found that over these last two-plus years that it’s been a great opportunity to actually implement policy without having a vote.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1062,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 12
},
"modified": 1704847835,
"excerpt": "California has taken the lead in challenging the Trump administration on its environmental policies. Out of 16 multistate lawsuits that California has been involved in, 15 have resulted in favorable rulings, according to a case tracker out of Marquette University.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "California has taken the lead in challenging the Trump administration on its environmental policies. Out of 16 multistate lawsuits that California has been involved in, 15 have resulted in favorable rulings, according to a case tracker out of Marquette University.",
"title": "On the Environment, Trump Is Getting Trounced in the Courts. At Least, So Far ... | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "On the Environment, Trump Is Getting Trounced in the Courts. At Least, So Far ...",
"datePublished": "2020-01-31T17:43:36-08:00",
"dateModified": "2024-01-09T16:50:35-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "on-the-environment-trump-is-getting-trounced-in-the-courts-at-least-so-far",
"status": "publish",
"sticky": false,
"source": "Trump vs. California",
"path": "/science/1956379/on-the-environment-trump-is-getting-trounced-in-the-courts-at-least-so-far",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"p1\">California has been involved in 54 major legal cases with the Trump administration on a variety of issues, a \u003ca href=\"https://attorneysgeneral.org/multistate-lawsuits-vs-the-federal-government/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">tracker\u003c/span>\u003c/a> developed by a Marquette University political scientist reveals. Of these, the state has sparred with President Trump over climate change and the environment more than on any other issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has won injunctions, policy reversals or other favorable rulings in 15 of the 16 major environmental cases that the courts have ruled on, with 15 cases pending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state initiated many of the lawsuits, and other states have joined onto them. For example, Illinois, Maryland, New Mexico and four other states joined California when it successfully \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/court-ruling-msj.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">challenged\u003c/span>\u003c/a> the EPA for undermining regulations that control greenhouse gas emissions from landfills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we take action, it’s not just to file a case or delay an action, it’s to win,” California Attorney General Xavier Becerra said. “We’re fighting and winning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the lawsuits, California sued the administration over the science that the Environmental Protection Agency used to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1923269/california-sues-over-plan-to-scrap-car-emission-standards\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">roll back emission standards\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, its \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1956060/epa-rolls-back-obama-era-rules-protecting-rivers-and-wetlands\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">justification for new water rules\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, and its plan to ease methane regulations. Becerra \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1946927/feds-propose-rolling-back-rules-on-climate-changing-methane-emissions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">called\u003c/span>\u003c/a> that last proposal “monumentally stupid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">California has also brought 23 solo challenges against the administration, which Marquette hasn’t included in its tally yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">In total, the state has been involved in at least 77 legal fights with the Trump administration in just three years. \u003cspan class=\"s2\">That’s plenty more than \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2019/04/california-sues-trump-more-becerra-lawsuit-tracker-update/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Texas had with the Obama administration over eight years\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, when rising \u003c/span>partisanship gripped the nation \u003cspan class=\"s2\">and \u003c/span>conservative state attorneys general challenged the federal government in record numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans’ win rate against Obama hovered around 60%. \u003cspan class=\"s2\">Democratic attorneys generals’ rate is close to 80% against Trump.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cb>But … the Conservative Supreme Court …\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">California’s win rate shows that lawyers in its attorney general’s office are bringing strong cases, says legal scholar Buzz Thompson, founding director of the Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“It is also true that the Trump administration has been pushing the boundaries of legitimate environmental deregulation more than any prior administration,” he said. “He has been doing it quickly and in some cases sloppily. As a result, there are a lot more opportunities to revise environmental actions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">Paul Nolette, chair of the political science department at Marquette University, \u003c/span>says losses are more likely if the challenges from California rise to the Supreme Court, which has a majority of strongly conservative judges. At the same time, he added, not all of the cases will reach that level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Becerra maintains that he’s “optimistic and confident” that California’s environmental challenges will be successful in the Supreme Court because of what he calls his “three allies” — facts, science and the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">“It should be no different when we get to the Supreme Court with most of these cases,” he said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">Mary Nichols, the top air quality regulator with the California Air Resources Board, said in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-01-10/california-clean-air-case-supreme-court-mary-nichols\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">interview\u003c/span>\u003c/a> with the L.A. Times that the environmental case she’s most concerned about is the state’s dispute with the federal government over vehicle emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California challenged the Trump administration after it moved to revoke a waiver that granted authority to the state to set its own tailpipe emissions standards for cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“Our strategy is to win, but to win in a way that does not precipitate a Supreme Court taking of this case until Mr. Trump is out of office,” Nichols said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Pushing Federal Policy From California\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">Nolette said Becerra and other state attorneys general are more involved in national policy now because new federal statutes allow them to enforce environmental policy, consumer protections, Medicaid regulations and other federal law. “Also,” he added, “lawsuits work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">“Twenty years ago, if you said that somebody like Becerra, who was pretty high up in House leadership, is going to resign his seat and go back to California for a state position that is not governor, people would have said: ‘Why would he do that? That’s a terrible career move,’” Nolette said. “Becerra realized he’s able to get more done and get more attention for his policy agenda as the attorney general of California than he was even in House leadership.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">Becerra worked as a California deputy attorney general in the late 1980s, before voters elected him to statewide office in 1990 and eventually to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1992. He sat on the powerful Ways and Means Committee and chaired the House Democractic Caucus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">\u003cspan class=\"s3\">Becerra replaced Kamala Harris as California attorney general after she was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2016.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A fight over the Trump administration’s travel ban — an executive action that blocked people from six majority-Muslim countries from entering the U.S. — shows that even if a court throws out a legal challenge, the state can first extract policy concessions from the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration’s first travel order sparked \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11291018/protesters-rush-to-airports-as-trump-order-targeting-refugees-take-effect\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">chaos\u003c/span>\u003c/a> at San Francisco International Airport before the courts knocked it down. The Justice Department responded by altering the measure, and the Supreme Court reinstated it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">The Supreme Court decision was one of California’s few legal losses against this administration, but President Trump didn’t celebrate the victory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p5\">Instead, he \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/871675245043888128?s=20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">complained\u003c/span>\u003c/a> on twitter that his Justice Department “should have stayed with the original Travel Ban, not the watered down, politically correct version they submitted to S.C.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked if he’s been more effective in shaping federal policy as California’s top lawyer than he was as a congressman, Becerra said he doesn’t want to “disparage my time in Congress … but it’s true, in a way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p4\">\u003cspan class=\"s2\">“\u003c/span>This agency can be pretty nimble and move fast as compared to a legislative body, which requires a majority vote and approval by an executive to actually get anything done,” he said. “\u003cspan class=\"s2\">I have found that over these last two-plus years that it’s been a great opportunity to actually implement policy without having a vote.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/science/1956379/on-the-environment-trump-is-getting-trounced-in-the-courts-at-least-so-far",
"authors": [
"11608"
],
"categories": [
"science_33",
"science_35",
"science_40"
],
"tags": [
"science_3840",
"science_192",
"science_2080",
"science_3370",
"science_554"
],
"featImg": "science_1956382",
"label": "source_science_1956379"
}
},
"podcastsReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"podcasts": {}
},
"radioProgramsReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"radioPrograms": {}
},
"radioSearchSegmentsReducer": {},
"programsReducer": {
"all-things-considered": {
"id": "all-things-considered",
"title": "All Things Considered",
"info": "Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/all-things-considered"
},
"american-suburb-podcast": {
"id": "american-suburb-podcast",
"title": "American Suburb: The Podcast",
"tagline": "The flip side of gentrification, told through one town",
"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/american-suburb-podcast",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 19
},
"link": "/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"
}
},
"baycurious": {
"id": "baycurious",
"title": "Bay Curious",
"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Bay Curious",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/baycurious",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 3
},
"link": "/podcasts/baycurious",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/9a90d476-aa04-455d-9a4c-0871ed6216d4/bay-curious",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"
}
},
"bbc-world-service": {
"id": "bbc-world-service",
"title": "BBC World Service",
"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/",
"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-the-california-report/id79681292",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/26099305-72af-4542-9dde-ac1807fe36d5/kqed-s-the-california-report",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432285393/the-california-report",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-the-california-report-podcast-8838",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcram/feed/podcast"
}
},
"californiareportmagazine": {
"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Magazine-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report Magazine",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 10
},
"link": "/californiareportmagazine",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/564733126/the-california-report-magazine",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-california-report-magazine",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrmag/feed/podcast"
}
},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
"title": "Close All Tabs",
"tagline": "Your irreverent guide to the trends redefining our world",
"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/CAT_2_Tile-scaled.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Close All Tabs",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 1
},
"link": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/close-all-tabs/id214663465",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC6993880386",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/92d9d4ac-67a3-4eed-b10a-fb45d45b1ef2/close-all-tabs",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/6LAJFHnGK1pYXYzv6SIol6?si=deb0cae19813417c"
}
},
"code-switch-life-kit": {
"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
"airtime": "SUN 9pm-10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"
}
},
"commonwealth-club": {
"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"
}
},
"forum": {
"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/forum",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"
}
},
"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 7pm-8pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
}
},
"here-and-now": {
"id": "here-and-now",
"title": "Here & Now",
"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
"airtime": "MON-THU 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Here-And-Now-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/here-and-now",
"subsdcribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=426698661",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Here--Now-p211/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
}
},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/hidden-brain/id1028908750?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"
}
},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Arts--Culture-Podcasts/How-I-Built-This-p910896/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
}
},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/hyphenaci%C3%B3n/id1191591838",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
"youtube": "https://www.youtube.com/c/kqedarts",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/790253322/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/jerrybrown/feed/podcast/",
"tuneIn": "http://tun.in/pjGcK",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/54C1dmuyFyKMFttY6X2j6r?si=K8SgRCoISNK6ZbjpXrX5-w",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/44420f75-3b0e-4301-ab3b-16da6b09e543/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown"
}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Latino-USA-p621/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201853034&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/APM-Marketplace-p88/",
"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"
}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
}
},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/political-breakdown/id1327641087",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/political-breakdown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/07RVyIjIdk2WDuVehvBMoN",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/political-breakdown/feed/podcast"
}
},
"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
}
},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pri.org/programs/the-world",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "PRI"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pri-the-world",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pris-the-world-latest-edition/id278196007?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/PRIs-The-World-p24/",
"rss": "http://feeds.feedburner.com/pri/theworld"
}
},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
"airtime": "SUN 12am-1am, SAT 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/radiolab1400.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/radiolab/",
"meta": {
"site": "science",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/radiolab",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/radiolab/id152249110?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/RadioLab-p68032/",
"rss": "https://feeds.wnyc.org/radiolab"
}
},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/reveal/id886009669",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Reveal-p679597/",
"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
}
},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Rightnowish-Podcast-Tile-500x500-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Rightnowish with Pendarvis Harshaw",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 16
},
"link": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/721590300/rightnowish",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/rightnowish/feed/podcast",
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/rightnowish/id1482187648",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/rightnowish",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMxMjU5MTY3NDc4",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/7kEJuafTzTVan7B78ttz1I"
}
},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
"airtime": "FRI 11am-1pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Science-Friday-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/science-friday",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/science-friday",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=73329284&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Science-Friday-p394/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/science-friday"
}
},
"snap-judgment": {
"id": "snap-judgment",
"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
"airtime": "SAT 1pm-2pm, 9pm-10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Snap-Judgment-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Snap Judgment",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://snapjudgment.org",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 4
},
"link": "https://snapjudgment.org",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/snap-judgment/id283657561",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/449018144/snap-judgment",
"stitcher": "https://www.pandora.com/podcast/snap-judgment/PC:241?source=stitcher-sunset",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3Cct7ZWmxHNAtLgBTqjC5v",
"rss": "https://snap.feed.snapjudgment.org/"
}
},
"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Sold-Out-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/soldout",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 13
},
"link": "/podcasts/soldout",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/911586047/s-o-l-d-o-u-t-a-new-future-for-housing",
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/introducing-sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america/id1531354937",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/soldout",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/38dTBSk2ISFoPiyYNoKn1X",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america",
"tunein": "https://tunein.com/radio/SOLD-OUT-Rethinking-Housing-in-America-p1365871/"
}
},
"spooked": {
"id": "spooked",
"title": "Spooked",
"tagline": "True-life supernatural stories",
"info": "",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Spooked-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Spooked",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://spookedpodcast.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 7
},
"link": "https://spookedpodcast.org/",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/spooked/id1279361017",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/549547848/snap-judgment-presents-spooked",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/76571Rfl3m7PLJQZKQIGCT",
"rss": "https://feeds.simplecast.com/TBotaapn"
}
},
"tech-nation": {
"id": "tech-nation",
"title": "Tech Nation Radio Podcast",
"info": "Tech Nation is a weekly public radio program, hosted by Dr. Moira Gunn. Founded in 1993, it has grown from a simple interview show to a multi-faceted production, featuring conversations with noted technology and science leaders, and a weekly science and technology-related commentary.",
"airtime": "FRI 10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Tech-Nation-Radio-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://technation.podomatic.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "science",
"source": "Tech Nation Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/tech-nation",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://technation.podomatic.com/rss2.xml"
}
},
"ted-radio-hour": {
"id": "ted-radio-hour",
"title": "TED Radio Hour",
"info": "The TED Radio Hour is a journey through fascinating ideas, astonishing inventions, fresh approaches to old problems, and new ways to think and create.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm, SAT 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/tedRadioHour.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/ted-radio-hour/?showDate=2018-06-22",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/ted-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/8vsS",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=523121474&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/TED-Radio-Hour-p418021/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510298/podcast.xml"
}
},
"thebay": {
"id": "thebay",
"title": "The Bay",
"tagline": "Local news to keep you rooted",
"info": "Host Devin Katayama walks you through the biggest story of the day with reporters and newsmakers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Bay-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Bay",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/thebay",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 2
},
"link": "/podcasts/thebay",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d800ea4c-7a2c-42f2-b861-edaf78a5db0b/the-bay",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/586725995/the-bay",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC8259786327"
}
},
"thelatest": {
"id": "thelatest",
"title": "The Latest",
"tagline": "Trusted local news in real time",
"info": "",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/The-Latest-2025-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Latest",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/thelatest",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 6
},
"link": "/thelatest",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-latest-from-kqed/id1197721799",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/1257949365/the-latest-from-k-q-e-d",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/5KIIXMgM9GTi5AepwOYvIZ?si=bd3053fec7244dba",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9137121918"
}
},
"theleap": {
"id": "theleap",
"title": "The Leap",
"tagline": "What if you closed your eyes, and jumped?",
"info": "Stories about people making dramatic, risky changes, told by award-winning public radio reporter Judy Campbell.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Leap-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Leap",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/theleap",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 17
},
"link": "/podcasts/theleap",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-leap/id1046668171",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/447248267/the-leap",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-leap",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3sSlVHHzU0ytLwuGs1SD1U",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/programs/the-leap/feed/podcast"
}
},
"the-moth-radio-hour": {
"id": "the-moth-radio-hour",
"title": "The Moth Radio Hour",
"info": "Since its launch in 1997, The Moth has presented thousands of true stories, told live and without notes, to standing-room-only crowds worldwide. Moth storytellers stand alone, under a spotlight, with only a microphone and a roomful of strangers. The storyteller and the audience embark on a high-wire act of shared experience which is both terrifying and exhilarating. Since 2008, The Moth podcast has featured many of our favorite stories told live on Moth stages around the country. For information on all of our programs and live events, visit themoth.org.",
"airtime": "SAT 8pm-9pm and SUN 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/theMoth.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://themoth.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "prx"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-moth-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-moth-podcast/id275699983?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/The-Moth-p273888/",
"rss": "http://feeds.themoth.org/themothpodcast"
}
},
"the-new-yorker-radio-hour": {
"id": "the-new-yorker-radio-hour",
"title": "The New Yorker Radio Hour",
"info": "The New Yorker Radio Hour is a weekly program presented by the magazine's editor, David Remnick, and produced by WNYC Studios and The New Yorker. Each episode features a diverse mix of interviews, profiles, storytelling, and an occasional burst of humor inspired by the magazine, and shaped by its writers, artists, and editors. This isn't a radio version of a magazine, but something all its own, reflecting the rich possibilities of audio storytelling and conversation. Theme music for the show was composed and performed by Merrill Garbus of tUnE-YArDs.",
"airtime": "SAT 10am-11am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-New-Yorker-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/tnyradiohour",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-new-yorker-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1050430296",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/New-Yorker-Radio-Hour-p803804/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/newyorkerradiohour"
}
},
"the-sam-sanders-show": {
"id": "the-sam-sanders-show",
"title": "The Sam Sanders Show",
"info": "One of public radio's most dynamic voices, Sam Sanders helped launch The NPR Politics Podcast and hosted NPR's hit show It's Been A Minute. Now, the award-winning host returns with something brand new, The Sam Sanders Show. Every week, Sam Sanders and friends dig into the culture that shapes our lives: what's driving the biggest trends, how artists really think, and even the memes you can't stop scrolling past. Sam is beloved for his way of unpacking the world and bringing you up close to fresh currents and engaging conversations. The Sam Sanders Show is smart, funny and always a good time.",
"airtime": "FRI 12-1pm AND SAT 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/The-Sam-Sanders-Show-Podcast-Tile-400x400-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.kcrw.com/shows/the-sam-sanders-show/latest",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "KCRW"
},
"link": "https://www.kcrw.com/shows/the-sam-sanders-show/latest",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://feed.cdnstream1.com/zjb/feed/download/ac/28/59/ac28594c-e1d0-4231-8728-61865cdc80e8.xml"
}
},
"the-splendid-table": {
"id": "the-splendid-table",
"title": "The Splendid Table",
"info": "\u003cem>The Splendid Table\u003c/em> hosts our nation's conversations about cooking, sustainability and food culture.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Splendid-Table-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.splendidtable.org/",
"airtime": "SUN 10-11 pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-splendid-table"
},
"this-american-life": {
"id": "this-american-life",
"title": "This American Life",
"info": "This American Life is a weekly public radio show, heard by 2.2 million people on more than 500 stations. Another 2.5 million people download the weekly podcast. It is hosted by Ira Glass, produced in collaboration with Chicago Public Media, delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange, and has won all of the major broadcasting awards.",
"airtime": "SAT 12pm-1pm, 7pm-8pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/thisAmericanLife.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.thisamericanlife.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wbez"
},
"link": "/radio/program/this-american-life",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201671138&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"rss": "https://www.thisamericanlife.org/podcast/rss.xml"
}
},
"tinydeskradio": {
"id": "tinydeskradio",
"title": "Tiny Desk Radio",
"info": "We're bringing the best of Tiny Desk to the airwaves, only on public radio.",
"airtime": "SUN 8pm and SAT 9pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/300x300-For-Member-Station-Logo-Tiny-Desk-Radio-@2x.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/g-s1-52030/tiny-desk-radio",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/tinydeskradio",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/g-s1-52030/rss.xml"
}
},
"wait-wait-dont-tell-me": {
"id": "wait-wait-dont-tell-me",
"title": "Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!",
"info": "Peter Sagal and Bill Kurtis host the weekly NPR News quiz show alongside some of the best and brightest news and entertainment personalities.",
"airtime": "SUN 10am-11am, SAT 11am-12pm, SAT 6pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Wait-Wait-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/wait-wait-dont-tell-me/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/wait-wait-dont-tell-me",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/Xogv",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=121493804&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Wait-Wait-Dont-Tell-Me-p46/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/344098539/podcast.xml"
}
},
"weekend-edition-saturday": {
"id": "weekend-edition-saturday",
"title": "Weekend Edition Saturday",
"info": "Weekend Edition Saturday wraps up the week's news and offers a mix of analysis and features on a wide range of topics, including arts, sports, entertainment, and human interest stories. The two-hour program is hosted by NPR's Peabody Award-winning Scott Simon.",
"airtime": "SAT 5am-10am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-saturday/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/weekend-edition-saturday"
},
"weekend-edition-sunday": {
"id": "weekend-edition-sunday",
"title": "Weekend Edition Sunday",
"info": "Weekend Edition Sunday features interviews with newsmakers, artists, scientists, politicians, musicians, writers, theologians and historians. The program has covered news events from Nelson Mandela's 1990 release from a South African prison to the capture of Saddam Hussein.",
"airtime": "SUN 5am-10am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-sunday/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/weekend-edition-sunday"
}
},
"racesReducer": {},
"racesGenElectionReducer": {},
"racesGenElection2026Reducer": {},
"radioSchedulesReducer": {},
"listsReducer": {
"posts/news?category=environment": {
"isFetching": false,
"latestQuery": {
"from": 852,
"size": 12
},
"vitalsOnly": false,
"totalRequested": 12,
"isLoading": false,
"isLoadingMore": true,
"total": {
"value": 3958,
"relation": "eq"
},
"items": [
"science_1956543",
"science_1956614",
"news_11799297",
"science_1956561",
"news_11799776",
"science_1956515",
"news_11800048",
"news_11799970",
"science_1956446",
"science_1956362",
"news_11799335",
"science_1956379"
],
"complete": true
}
},
"recallGuideReducer": {
"intros": {},
"policy": {},
"candidates": {}
},
"savedArticleReducer": {
"articles": [],
"status": {}
},
"newslettersReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"newsletters": {},
"isSubscribing": false,
"isUnsubscribing": false,
"subscribedNewsletters": {}
},
"termsReducer": {
"about": {
"name": "About",
"type": "terms",
"id": "about",
"slug": "about",
"link": "/about",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"arts": {
"name": "Arts & Culture",
"grouping": [
"arts",
"pop",
"trulyca"
],
"description": "KQED Arts provides daily in-depth coverage of the Bay Area's music, art, film, performing arts, literature and arts news, as well as cultural commentary and criticism.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "arts",
"slug": "arts",
"link": "/arts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"artschool": {
"name": "Art School",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "artschool",
"slug": "artschool",
"link": "/artschool",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"bayareabites": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "bayareabites",
"slug": "bayareabites",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"bayareahiphop": {
"name": "Bay Area Hiphop",
"type": "terms",
"id": "bayareahiphop",
"slug": "bayareahiphop",
"link": "/bayareahiphop",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"campaign21": {
"name": "Campaign 21",
"type": "terms",
"id": "campaign21",
"slug": "campaign21",
"link": "/campaign21",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"careers": {
"name": "Careers",
"type": "terms",
"id": "careers",
"slug": "careers",
"link": "/careers",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"checkplease": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "checkplease",
"slug": "checkplease",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"education": {
"name": "Education",
"grouping": [
"education"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "education",
"slug": "education",
"link": "/education",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"elections": {
"name": "Elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "elections",
"slug": "elections",
"link": "/elections",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"events": {
"name": "Events",
"type": "terms",
"id": "events",
"slug": "events",
"link": "/events",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"event": {
"name": "Event",
"alias": "events",
"type": "terms",
"id": "event",
"slug": "event",
"link": "/event",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"filmschoolshorts": {
"name": "Film School Shorts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "filmschoolshorts",
"slug": "filmschoolshorts",
"link": "/filmschoolshorts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"food": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "food",
"slug": "food",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"forum": {
"name": "Forum",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/forum?",
"parent": "news",
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum",
"slug": "forum",
"link": "/forum",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"futureofyou": {
"name": "Future of You",
"grouping": [
"science",
"futureofyou"
],
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou",
"slug": "futureofyou",
"link": "/futureofyou",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"jpepinheart": {
"name": "KQED food",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/food,bayareabites,checkplease",
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "jpepinheart",
"slug": "jpepinheart",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"liveblog": {
"name": "Live Blog",
"type": "terms",
"id": "liveblog",
"slug": "liveblog",
"link": "/liveblog",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"livetv": {
"name": "Live TV",
"parent": "tv",
"type": "terms",
"id": "livetv",
"slug": "livetv",
"link": "/livetv",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"lowdown": {
"name": "The Lowdown",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/lowdown?",
"parent": "news",
"type": "terms",
"id": "lowdown",
"slug": "lowdown",
"link": "/lowdown",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"mindshift": {
"name": "Mindshift",
"parent": "news",
"description": "MindShift explores the future of education by highlighting the innovative – and sometimes counterintuitive – ways educators and parents are helping all children succeed.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "mindshift",
"slug": "mindshift",
"link": "/mindshift",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"news": {
"name": "News",
"grouping": [
"news",
"forum"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "news",
"slug": "news",
"link": "/news",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"newsletters": {
"name": "newsletters",
"type": "terms",
"id": "newsletters",
"slug": "newsletters",
"link": "/newsletters",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"perspectives": {
"name": "Perspectives",
"parent": "radio",
"type": "terms",
"id": "perspectives",
"slug": "perspectives",
"link": "/perspectives",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"podcasts": {
"name": "Podcasts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "podcasts",
"slug": "podcasts",
"link": "/podcasts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"pop": {
"name": "Pop",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "pop",
"slug": "pop",
"link": "/pop",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"pressroom": {
"name": "Pressroom",
"type": "terms",
"id": "pressroom",
"slug": "pressroom",
"link": "/pressroom",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"quest": {
"name": "Quest",
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest",
"slug": "quest",
"link": "/quest",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"radio": {
"name": "Radio",
"grouping": [
"forum",
"perspectives"
],
"description": "Listen to KQED Public Radio – home of Forum and The California Report – on 88.5 FM in San Francisco, 89.3 FM in Sacramento, 88.3 FM in Santa Rosa and 88.1 FM in Martinez.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "radio",
"slug": "radio",
"link": "/radio",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"root": {
"name": "KQED",
"image": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"imageWidth": 1200,
"imageHeight": 630,
"headData": {
"title": "KQED | News, Radio, Podcasts, TV | Public Media for Northern California",
"description": "KQED provides public radio, television, and independent reporting on issues that matter to the Bay Area. We’re the NPR and PBS member station for Northern California."
},
"type": "terms",
"id": "root",
"slug": "root",
"link": "/root",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"science": {
"name": "Science",
"grouping": [
"science",
"futureofyou"
],
"description": "KQED Science brings you award-winning science and environment coverage from the Bay Area and beyond.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "science",
"slug": "science",
"link": "/science",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"stateofhealth": {
"name": "State of Health",
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "stateofhealth",
"slug": "stateofhealth",
"link": "/stateofhealth",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"support": {
"name": "Support",
"type": "terms",
"id": "support",
"slug": "support",
"link": "/support",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"thedolist": {
"name": "The Do List",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "thedolist",
"slug": "thedolist",
"link": "/thedolist",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"trulyca": {
"name": "Truly CA",
"grouping": [
"arts",
"pop",
"trulyca"
],
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "trulyca",
"slug": "trulyca",
"link": "/trulyca",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"tv": {
"name": "TV",
"type": "terms",
"id": "tv",
"slug": "tv",
"link": "/tv",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"voterguide": {
"name": "Voter Guide",
"parent": "elections",
"alias": "elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "voterguide",
"slug": "voterguide",
"link": "/voterguide",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"guiaelectoral": {
"name": "Guia Electoral",
"parent": "elections",
"alias": "elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "guiaelectoral",
"slug": "guiaelectoral",
"link": "/guiaelectoral",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"news_category_environment": {
"isLoading": true
},
"news_19906": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_19906",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "19906",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Environment",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Environment Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 19923,
"slug": "environment",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/category/environment"
},
"source_science_1956543": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1956543",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Water",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1956614": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1956614",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Environment",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_news_11799297": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_news_11799297",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Bay Curious",
"link": "https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/baycurious",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1956561": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1956561",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Climate Lawsuits",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1956515": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1956515",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Bumblebees",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1956446": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1956446",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Parks",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1956362": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1956362",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Living Oceans",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_science_1956379": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_science_1956379",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "Trump vs. California",
"isLoading": false
},
"science_31": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_31",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "31",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Climate",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Climate Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 33,
"slug": "climate",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/climate"
},
"science_35": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_35",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "35",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Environment",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Environment Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 37,
"slug": "environment",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/environment"
},
"science_40": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_40",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "40",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "News",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "News Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 42,
"slug": "news",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/news"
},
"science_98": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_98",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "98",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Water",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Water Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 102,
"slug": "water",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/water"
},
"science_3180": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3180",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3180",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "California water supply",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "California water supply Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3180,
"slug": "california-water-supply",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/california-water-supply"
},
"science_3370": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3370",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3370",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "featured",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "featured Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3370,
"slug": "featured",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/featured"
},
"science_2773": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2773",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2773",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "map",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "map Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2773,
"slug": "map",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/map"
},
"science_109": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_109",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "109",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "sierra nevada",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "sierra nevada Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 113,
"slug": "sierra-nevada",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/sierra-nevada"
},
"science_1127": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_1127",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "1127",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "snowpack",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "snowpack Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1135,
"slug": "snowpack",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/snowpack"
},
"science_33": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_33",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "33",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Energy",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Energy Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 35,
"slug": "energy",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/energy"
},
"science_3840": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3840",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3840",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "daily",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "daily Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3840,
"slug": "daily",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/daily"
},
"science_2080": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2080",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2080",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "EPA",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "EPA Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2091,
"slug": "epa",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/epa"
},
"news_33523": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_33523",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "33523",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Bay Curious",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "program",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Bay Curious Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 33540,
"slug": "bay-curious",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/program/bay-curious"
},
"news_17986": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_17986",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "17986",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/BayCuriousLogoFinal01-e1493662037229.png",
"name": "Bay Curious",
"description": "\u003ch2>A podcast exploring the Bay Area one question at a time\u003c/h2>\r\n\r\n\u003caside>\r\n\u003cdiv style=\"width: 100%; padding-right: 20px;\">\r\n\r\nKQED’s \u003cstrong>Bay Curious\u003c/strong> gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.\r\n\u003cbr />\r\n\u003cspan class=\"alignleft\">\u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1172473406\">\u003cimg width=\"75px\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/DownloadOniTunes_100x100.png\">\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://goo.gl/app/playmusic?ibi=com.google.PlayMusic&isi=691797987&ius=googleplaymusic&link=https://play.google.com/music/m/Ipi2mc5aqfen4nr2daayiziiyuy?t%3DBay_Curious\">\u003cimg width=\"75px\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/11/Google_Play_100x100.png\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/div>\r\n\u003c/aside> \r\n\u003ch2>What's your question?\u003c/h2>\r\n\u003cdiv id=\"huxq6\" class=\"curiosity-module\" data-pym-src=\"//modules.wearehearken.com/kqed/curiosity_modules/133\">\u003c/div>\r\n\u003cscript src=\"//assets.wearehearken.com/production/thirdparty/p.m.js\">\u003c/script>\r\n\u003ch2>Bay Curious monthly newsletter\u003c/h2>\r\nWe're launching it soon! \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdEtzbyNbSQkRHCCAkKhoGiAl3Bd0zWxhk0ZseJ1KH_o_ZDjQ/viewform\" target=\"_blank\">Sign up\u003c/a> so you don't miss it when it drops.\r\n",
"taxonomy": "series",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": "A podcast exploring the Bay Area one question at a time KQED’s Bay Curious gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers. What's your question? Bay Curious monthly newsletter We're launching it soon! Sign up so you don't miss it when it drops.",
"title": "Bay Curious Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 18020,
"slug": "baycurious",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/series/baycurious"
},
"news_8": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_8",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "8",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "News",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "News Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 8,
"slug": "news",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/category/news"
},
"news_33520": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_33520",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "33520",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Podcast",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Podcast Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 33537,
"slug": "podcast",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/category/podcast"
},
"news_356": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_356",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "356",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Science",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Science Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 364,
"slug": "science",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/category/science"
},
"news_1012": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_1012",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "1012",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "earthquake",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "earthquake Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1022,
"slug": "earthquake",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/earthquake"
},
"news_664": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_664",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "664",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "USGS",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "USGS Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 673,
"slug": "usgs",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/usgs"
},
"science_194": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_194",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "194",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "climate change",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "climate change Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 198,
"slug": "climate-change",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/climate-change"
},
"news_72": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_72",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "72",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2014/10/TCR-2-Logo-Web-Banners-03.png",
"name": "The California Report",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "program",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "The California Report Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 6969,
"slug": "the-california-report",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/program/the-california-report"
},
"news_13": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_13",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "13",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"name": "Politics",
"slug": "politics",
"taxonomy": "category",
"description": null,
"featImg": null,
"headData": {
"title": "Politics | KQED News",
"description": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogDescription": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"twDescription": null,
"twImgId": null
},
"ttid": 13,
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/category/politics"
},
"news_255": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_255",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "255",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "climate change",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "climate change Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 263,
"slug": "climate-change",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/climate-change"
},
"news_28756": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_28756",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "28756",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"name": "Election 2020",
"slug": "election-2020",
"taxonomy": "tag",
"description": null,
"featImg": null,
"headData": {
"title": "Election 2020 | KQED News",
"description": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogDescription": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"twDescription": null,
"twImgId": null
},
"ttid": 28773,
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/election-2020"
},
"news_27419": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_27419",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "27419",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "election2020-featured",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "election2020-featured Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 27436,
"slug": "election2020-featured",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/election2020-featured"
},
"news_19542": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_19542",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "19542",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "featured",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "featured Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 19559,
"slug": "featured",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/featured"
},
"news_717": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_717",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "717",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Joe Biden",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Joe Biden Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 726,
"slug": "joe-biden",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/joe-biden"
},
"news_17968": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_17968",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "17968",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"name": "Politics",
"slug": "politics",
"taxonomy": "tag",
"description": null,
"featImg": null,
"headData": {
"title": "Politics | KQED News",
"description": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogDescription": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"twDescription": null,
"twImgId": null
},
"ttid": 18002,
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/politics"
},
"news_394": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_394",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "394",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "solar power",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "solar power Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 402,
"slug": "solar-power",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/solar-power"
},
"news_1824": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_1824",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "1824",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Solyndra",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Solyndra Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1839,
"slug": "solyndra",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/solyndra"
},
"news_57": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_57",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "57",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Tesla",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Tesla Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 57,
"slug": "tesla",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/tesla"
},
"news_17041": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_17041",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "17041",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "the-california-report-featured",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "the-california-report-featured Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 17067,
"slug": "the-california-report-featured",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/the-california-report-featured"
},
"science_2874": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2874",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2874",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Animals",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Animals Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2874,
"slug": "animals",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/animals"
},
"science_36": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_36",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "36",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Food",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Food Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 38,
"slug": "food",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/food"
},
"science_192": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_192",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "192",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "environment",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "environment Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 196,
"slug": "environment-2",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/environment-2"
},
"news_18515": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_18515",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "18515",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/09/DrawnBayHeader.jpg",
"name": "Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay",
"description": "\"Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay\" is a look at the Bay Area through the eyes of a longtime local cartoonist. Sometimes current, sometimes quirky, always interesting and engaging, you can find Drawn to the Bay here and on KQED’s Facebook, Twitter and Instagram feeds Monday through Friday. Mark Fiore is a Pulitzer Prize-winning political animator and cartoonist who hatched in California before the Intertubes were even invented.\r\n",
"taxonomy": "series",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": "\"Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay\" is a look at the Bay Area through the eyes of a longtime local cartoonist. Sometimes current, sometimes quirky, always interesting and engaging, you can find Drawn to the Bay here and on KQED’s Facebook, Twitter and Instagram feeds Monday through Friday. Mark Fiore is a Pulitzer Prize-winning political animator and cartoonist who hatched in California before the Intertubes were even invented.",
"title": "Mark Fiore: Drawn to the Bay Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 18549,
"slug": "mark-fiore-drawn-to-the-bay",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/series/mark-fiore-drawn-to-the-bay"
},
"news_6188": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_6188",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "6188",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Law and Justice",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Law and Justice Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 6212,
"slug": "law-and-justice",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/category/law-and-justice"
},
"news_2632": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_2632",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "2632",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "bankruptcy",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "bankruptcy Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2649,
"slug": "bankruptcy",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/bankruptcy"
},
"news_16": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_16",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "16",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Gavin Newsom",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Gavin Newsom Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 16,
"slug": "gavin-newsom",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/gavin-newsom"
},
"news_20949": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_20949",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "20949",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "mark-fiore-drawn-to-the-bay-featured",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "mark-fiore-drawn-to-the-bay-featured Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 20966,
"slug": "mark-fiore-drawn-to-the-bay-featured",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/mark-fiore-drawn-to-the-bay-featured"
},
"news_140": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_140",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "140",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "PG&E",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "PG&E Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 144,
"slug": "pge",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/pge"
},
"news_24802": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_24802",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "24802",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "PG&E bankruptcy",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "PG&E bankruptcy Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 24819,
"slug": "pge-bankruptcy",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/pge-bankruptcy"
},
"news_25772": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_25772",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "25772",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Dennis Montali",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Dennis Montali Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 25789,
"slug": "dennis-montali",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/dennis-montali"
},
"science_39": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_39",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "39",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Health",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Health Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 41,
"slug": "health",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/health"
},
"science_4008": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_4008",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "4008",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Gov. Gavin Newsom",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Gov. Gavin Newsom Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 4008,
"slug": "gov-gavin-newsom",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/gov-gavin-newsom"
},
"science_448": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_448",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "448",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "parks",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "parks Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 454,
"slug": "parks",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/parks"
},
"science_5376": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5376",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5376",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"name": "Science Podcast",
"slug": "science-podcast",
"taxonomy": "program",
"description": null,
"featImg": null,
"headData": {
"title": "Science Podcast | KQED Science",
"description": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogDescription": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"twDescription": null,
"twImgId": null
},
"ttid": 5376,
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/program/science-podcast"
},
"science_2873": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_2873",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "2873",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Oceans",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Oceans Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 2873,
"slug": "oceans",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/oceans"
},
"science_5141": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_5141",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "5141",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Podcast",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Podcast Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 5141,
"slug": "podcast",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/podcast"
},
"science_3423": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_3423",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "3423",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Science Podcast",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"socialTitle": "Bay Area Science: Stories & Insights with KQED's Science Podcasts",
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": "Our captivating podcasts take you on a journey through the Bay Area's vibrant scientific landscape. Discover groundbreaking research & hear expert insights.",
"title": "Bay Area Science: Stories & Insights with KQED's Science Podcasts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3423,
"slug": "science-podcast",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/category/science-podcast"
},
"science_324": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_324",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "324",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "oceans",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "oceans Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 330,
"slug": "oceans",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/oceans"
},
"news_26848": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_26848",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "26848",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "pg&e wildfire claims",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "pg&e wildfire claims Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 26865,
"slug": "pge-wildfire-claims",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/pge-wildfire-claims"
},
"news_1217": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "news_1217",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "news",
"id": "1217",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Scott Wiener",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Scott Wiener Archives | KQED News",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1229,
"slug": "scott-wiener",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/news/tag/scott-wiener"
},
"science_554": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "science_554",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "science",
"id": "554",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "pollution",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "pollution Archives | KQED Science",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 560,
"slug": "pollution",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/science/tag/pollution"
}
},
"userPermissionsReducer": {
"wpLoggedIn": false
},
"eventsReducer": {},
"fssReducer": {},
"tvDailyScheduleReducer": {},
"tvWeeklyScheduleReducer": {},
"tvPrimetimeScheduleReducer": {},
"tvMonthlyScheduleReducer": {},
"userAccountReducer": {
"user": {
"email": null,
"emailStatus": "EMAIL_UNVALIDATED",
"loggedStatus": "LOGGED_OUT",
"loggingChecked": false,
"articles": [],
"firstName": null,
"lastName": null,
"phoneNumber": null,
"fetchingMembership": false,
"membershipError": false,
"memberships": [
{
"id": null,
"startDate": null,
"firstName": null,
"lastName": null,
"familyNumber": null,
"memberNumber": null,
"memberSince": null,
"expirationDate": null,
"pfsEligible": false,
"isSustaining": false,
"membershipLevel": "Prospect",
"membershipStatus": "Non Member",
"lastGiftDate": null,
"renewalDate": null,
"lastDonationAmount": null
}
]
},
"authModal": {
"isOpen": false,
"view": "LANDING_VIEW"
},
"error": null
},
"youthMediaReducer": {},
"checkPleaseReducer": {
"filterData": {
"region": {
"key": "Restaurant Region",
"filters": [
"Any Region"
]
},
"cuisine": {
"key": "Restaurant Cuisine",
"filters": [
"Any Cuisine"
]
}
},
"restaurantDataById": {},
"restaurantIdsSorted": [],
"error": null
},
"userAgentReducer": {
"userAgent": "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)",
"isBot": true
}
}
